From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr (mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr [192.134.164.83]) by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 67E447EF0A for ; Tue, 3 Sep 2019 09:35:13 +0200 (CEST) X-IronPort-AV: E=Sophos;i="5.64,462,1559512800"; d="asc'?scan'208,217";a="399963924" Received: from set.irisa.fr (HELO set) ([131.254.10.170]) by mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr with ESMTP/TLS/AES256-GCM-SHA384; 03 Sep 2019 09:35:13 +0200 User-agent: mu4e 1.2.0; emacs 26.2 From: Alan Schmitt To: "lwn" , "cwn" , caml-list@inria.fr Date: Tue, 03 Sep 2019 09:35:11 +0200 Message-ID: <87imq94yts.fsf@inria.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="===-=-="; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature" Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News --===-=-= Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-=" --=-=-= Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="==-=-=" --==-=-= Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 SGVsbG8NCg0KSGVyZSBpcyB0aGUgbGF0ZXN0IE9DYW1sIFdlZWtseSBOZXdz LCBmb3IgdGhlIHdlZWsgb2YgQXVndXN0IDI3IHRvDQpTZXB0ZW1iZXIgMDMs IDIwMTkuDQoNClRhYmxlIG9mIENvbnRlbnRzDQrilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDi lIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIANCg0KT2NhbWwt bXVsdGljb3JlOiByZXBvcnQgb24gYSBKdW5lIDIwMTggZGV2ZWxvcG1lbnQg bWVldGluZyBpbiANClBhcmlzDQpJbnRlcmVzdGluZyBPQ2FtbCBBcnRpY2xl cw0KT2xkIENXTg0KDQoNCk9jYW1sLW11bHRpY29yZTogcmVwb3J0IG9uIGEg SnVuZSAyMDE4IGRldmVsb3BtZW50IG1lZXRpbmcgaW4gDQpQYXJpcw0K4pWQ 4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ 4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ 4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ 4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ 4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQ4pWQDQoNCiAgQXJjaGl2ZToNCiAgPGh0dHBzOi8v ZGlzY3Vzcy5vY2FtbC5vcmcvdC9vY2FtbC1tdWx0aWNvcmUtcmVwb3J0LW9u LWEtanVuZS0yMDE4LWRldmVsb3BtZW50LW1lZXRpbmctaW4tcGFyaXMvMjIw Mi8xMD4NCg0KDQpEZWVwIGluIHRoaXMgdGhyZWFkLCBzaWQgYW5ub3VuY2Vk DQrilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDi lIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDilIDi lIDilIDilIDilIDilIANCg0KICBBcyBhIHNtYWxsIHN0ZXAgdG93YXJkcyBt dWx0aWNvcmUsIGl0cyBpbnRlcmVzdGluZyB0byBub3RlIHRoYXQNCiAgPGh0 dHBzOi8vZ2l0aHViLmNvbS9vY2FtbC9vY2FtbC9wdWxsLzg3MTM+IGp1c3Qg Z290IG1lcmdlZCB0byANCiAgbWFzdGVyIQ0KDQoNCkludGVyZXN0aW5nIE9D YW1sIEFydGljbGVzDQrilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDi lZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDi lZANCg0KICBBcmNoaXZlOg0KICA8aHR0cHM6Ly9kaXNjdXNzLm9jYW1sLm9y Zy90L2ludGVyZXN0aW5nLW9jYW1sLWFydGljbGVzLzE4NjcvNDY+DQoNCg0K WW90YW0gQmFybm95IGFubm91bmNlZA0K4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA 4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA4pSA DQoNCiAgPGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm9jYW1scHJvLmNvbS8yMDE5LzA4LzMwL29j YW1scHJvcy1jb21waWxlci10ZWFtLXdvcmstdXBkYXRlLz4NCg0KDQpPbGQg Q1dODQrilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZDilZANCg0KICBJZiB5b3UgaGFwcGVu IHRvIG1pc3MgYSBDV04sIHlvdSBjYW4gW3NlbmQgbWUgYSBtZXNzYWdlXSBh bmQgDQogIEknbGwgbWFpbA0KICBpdCB0byB5b3UsIG9yIGdvIHRha2UgYSBs b29rIGF0IFt0aGUgYXJjaGl2ZV0gb3IgdGhlIFtSU1MgZmVlZCANCiAgb2Yg dGhlDQogIGFyY2hpdmVzXS4NCg0KICBJZiB5b3UgYWxzbyB3aXNoIHRvIHJl Y2VpdmUgaXQgZXZlcnkgd2VlayBieSBtYWlsLCB5b3UgbWF5IA0KICBzdWJz Y3JpYmUNCiAgW29ubGluZV0uDQoNCiAgW0FsYW4gU2NobWl0dF0NCg0KDQpb c2VuZCBtZSBhIG1lc3NhZ2VdIDxtYWlsdG86YWxhbi5zY2htaXR0QHBvbHl0 ZWNobmlxdWUub3JnPg0KDQpbdGhlIGFyY2hpdmVdIDxodHRwOi8vYWxhbi5w ZXRpdGVwb21tZS5uZXQvY3duLz4NCg0KW1JTUyBmZWVkIG9mIHRoZSBhcmNo aXZlc10gDQo8aHR0cDovL2FsYW4ucGV0aXRlcG9tbWUubmV0L2N3bi9jd24u cnNzPg0KDQpbb25saW5lXSA8aHR0cDovL2xpc3RzLmlkeWxsLm9yZy9saXN0 aW5mby9jYW1sLW5ld3Mtd2Vla2x5Lz4NCg0KW0FsYW4gU2NobWl0dF0gPGh0 dHA6Ly9hbGFuLnBldGl0ZXBvbW1lLm5ldC8+DQoNCg== --==-=-= Content-Type: text/html Content-Disposition: inline OCaml Weekly News

OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 27 to September 03, 2019.

Ocaml-multicore: report on a June 2018 development meeting in Paris

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-multicore-report-on-a-june-2018-development-meeting-in-paris/2202/10

Deep in this thread, sid announced

As a small step towards multicore, its interesting to note that https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/8713 just got merged to master!

Old CWN

If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

Alan Schmitt

--==-=-=-- --=-=-=-- --===-=-= Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQEzBAEBCAAdFiEE6lXof/BsSVW56ZmGBA0KO07S5ccFAl1uF7AACgkQBA0KO07S 5cdiSgf/ZWsdlX/0nazVFrtkEirEZgHW0JlfvmoNMS93W+LA5hsEf4U8ONmB+Ul5 pomzOirqMRZ/+liX+JxAO8c9RpbX+5MeCwsFKSrG9bjMFBlZUNagbjQmDFMQkxVc Gdi3xBxyLiByu8s+640K+jps/IRW1RYeDdqmLyVG6/XpbdUcIIotxWf+55l0/wSB ozktHKX632sLq4ZAIrNkkodtot/M/KQIAD8i165YvGlk3QUVB6g8P11EX1+Fpw/Y d9pSPdrnU2zeSqa7q9xFEIZxG1PRHhaBorSybKhFdqwdQkfmYw8N/i9wuVaVb9XA +Q+bkdr4CeFa1lVnyQpsmyc0FpapWA== =8IpS -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --===-=-=-- From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr (mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr [192.134.164.83]) by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4762B7ED21 for ; Tue, 15 Oct 2019 09:28:29 +0200 (CEST) X-IronPort-AV: E=Sophos;i="5.67,298,1566856800"; d="asc'?scan'208,217";a="406188093" Received: from set.irisa.fr (HELO set) ([131.254.10.170]) by mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr with ESMTP/TLS/AES256-GCM-SHA384; 15 Oct 2019 09:28:28 +0200 User-agent: mu4e 1.2.0; emacs 26.3 From: Alan Schmitt To: "lwn" , "cwn" , caml-list@inria.fr Date: Tue, 15 Oct 2019 09:28:27 +0200 Message-ID: <87zhi2v55w.fsf@inria.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="===-=-="; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature" Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News --===-=-= Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-=" --=-=-= Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="==-=-=" --==-=-= Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hello Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 08=20 to 15, 2019. Table of Contents =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80 capnp-rpc 0.4.0 Ocaml-protoc.plugin.1.0.0 Old CWN capnp-rpc 0.4.0 =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive:=20 Thomas Leonard announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 I'm pleased to announce the release of [capnp-rpc 0.4.0], an=20 OCaml implementation of the Cap'n Proto RPC specification. If you haven't used the library before, please see the=20 [documentation and tutorial]. Cap'n Proto RPC aims to provide secure,=20 efficient, typed communications between multiple parties. This library is now being used to build [ocaml-ci], where it is=20 used for all communication between the web frontend and backend=20 services, and to provide a command-line client. [capnp-rpc 0.4.0] [documentation and tutorial] [ocaml-ci] Main changes since v0.3 =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95= =8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C Breaking changes: =E2=80=A2 Wrap errors with the ``Capnp' tag to make it easier to compose= =20 with other types of error. =E2=80=A2 Prefix all command-line options with `capnp-'. e.g. `--listen-address' is now `--capnp-listen-address'. The=20 old names were confusing for applications that supported other=20 protocols too (e.g. a web server). New features: =E2=80=A2 Add `Capability.with_ref' convenience function. This=20 automatically calls `dec_ref' when done. =E2=80=A2 Add Unix `Cap_file' module to load and save `Sturdy_refs'. In particular, this ensures that saved cap files get a mode of=20 `0o600', since they contain secrets. =E2=80=A2 Export cmdliner network address parsing. This is useful if=20 you don't want to use the default option parsing. For example, if=20 you want to make Cap'n Proto an optional feature of your program. =E2=80=A2 Upgrade from `uint' (which is deprecated) to the newer=20 `stdint'. The latest version of `uint' is just a wrapper around=20 `stdint', so this shouldn't break anything if you are using the latest=20 version. =E2=80=A2 Put cmdliner options in their own man-page section. Use `Capnp_rpc_unix.manpage_capnp_options' to control where in=20 your man-page they appear. =E2=80=A2 Enable `SO_KEEPALIVE' for TCP connections. For use with=20 Docker's libnetwork, try something like this in your `stack.yml': =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 =E2=94=82 sysctls: =E2=94=82 - 'net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time=3D60' =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 Ocaml-protoc.plugin.1.0.0 =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive: Anders Fugmann announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 I'm happy to announce the second release of=20 [ocaml-protoc-plugin]. Ocaml-protoc-plugin is a plugin to googles `protoc' compiler=20 which generates type idiomatic to ocaml from `.proto' files including=20 full compliant serialization and deserialization functions. [ocaml-protoc-plugin]=20 Most noteworthy changes in this release: =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95= =8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C= =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C =E2=80=A2 Full proto2 support. =E2=80=A2 The list of dependencies has been slimmed way down, and now=20 only depends on `conf-protoc' (the `protoc' compiler and googles=20 *well known types*). =E2=80=A2 Buckescript support. =E2=80=A2 Added options to change the ocaml (type for scalar types (int,= =20 int64 or int32). Many thanks to Wojtek Czekalski for helping trimming=20 dependencies and for Buclescript support. Full changelog: =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C =E2=80=A2 Support enum aliasing =E2=80=A2 Avoid name clash with on 'name' =E2=80=A2 Fix code generation when argument contains a path =E2=80=A2 Refactor internal types to make serialization and=20 deserialization type spec symmetrical. =E2=80=A2 Optimize deserialization for messages with max_id < 1024 =E2=80=A2 Don't depend on Base in runtime =E2=80=A2 Slim runtime dependencies: Remove need for base, ocplib-endian= =20 and ppx_let =E2=80=A2 Honor [packed=3D=E2=80=A6] flag. =E2=80=A2 Make fixed scalar types default to int32 and int64 =E2=80=A2 Support proto2 specification =E2=80=A2 Add options to switch between int64|int32 and int =E2=80=A2 Fix name clash problem with special enum names =E2=80=A2 Refactor serialization and deserialization to simplify emitted= =20 code =E2=80=A2 Eagerly evaluate serialization (for speed). Old CWN =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and=20 I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed=20 of the archives]. If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may=20 subscribe [online]. [Alan Schmitt] [send me a message] [the archive] [RSS feed of the archives]=20 [online] [Alan Schmitt] --==-=-= Content-Type: text/html Content-Disposition: inline OCaml Weekly News

OCaml Weekly News

Previous Week Up Next Week

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 08 to 15, 2019.

capnp-rpc 0.4.0

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-capnp-rpc-0-4-0/4524/1

Thomas Leonard announced

I'm pleased to announce the release of capnp-rpc 0.4.0, an OCaml implementation of the Cap'n Proto RPC specification.

If you haven't used the library before, please see the documentation and tutorial. Cap'n Proto RPC aims to provide secure, efficient, typed communications between multiple parties.

This library is now being used to build ocaml-ci, where it is used for all communication between the web frontend and backend services, and to provide a command-line client.

Main changes since v0.3

Breaking changes:

  • Wrap errors with the `Capnp tag to make it easier to compose with other types of error.
  • Prefix all command-line options with capnp-. e.g. --listen-address is now --capnp-listen-address. The old names were confusing for applications that supported other protocols too (e.g. a web server).

New features:

  • Add Capability.with_ref convenience function. This automatically calls dec_ref when done.
  • Add Unix Cap_file module to load and save Sturdy_refs. In particular, this ensures that saved cap files get a mode of 0o600, since they contain secrets.
  • Export cmdliner network address parsing. This is useful if you don't want to use the default option parsing. For example, if you want to make Cap'n Proto an optional feature of your program.
  • Upgrade from uint (which is deprecated) to the newer stdint. The latest version of uint is just a wrapper around stdint, so this shouldn't break anything if you are using the latest version.
  • Put cmdliner options in their own man-page section. Use Capnp_rpc_unix.manpage_capnp_options to control where in your man-page they appear.

  • Enable SO_KEEPALIVE for TCP connections. For use with Docker's libnetwork, try something like this in your stack.yml: 

    sysctls:
  - 'net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time=60'

Ocaml-protoc.plugin.1.0.0

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-protoc-plugin-1-0-0/4535/1

Anders Fugmann announced

I'm happy to announce the second release of ocaml-protoc-plugin.

Ocaml-protoc-plugin is a plugin to googles protoc compiler which generates type idiomatic to ocaml from .proto files including full compliant serialization and deserialization functions.

Most noteworthy changes in this release:

  • Full proto2 support.
  • The list of dependencies has been slimmed way down, and now only depends on conf-protoc (the protoc compiler and googles well known types).
  • Buckescript support.
  • Added options to change the ocaml (type for scalar types (int, int64 or int32).

Many thanks to Wojtek Czekalski for helping trimming dependencies and for Buclescript support.

Full changelog:

  • Support enum aliasing
  • Avoid name clash with on 'name'
  • Fix code generation when argument contains a path
  • Refactor internal types to make serialization and deserialization type spec symmetrical.
  • Optimize deserialization for messages with max_id < 1024
  • Don't depend on Base in runtime
  • Slim runtime dependencies: Remove need for base, ocplib-endian and ppx_let
  • Honor [packed=…] flag.
  • Make fixed scalar types default to int32 and int64
  • Support proto2 specification
  • Add options to switch between int64|int32 and int
  • Fix name clash problem with special enum names
  • Refactor serialization and deserialization to simplify emitted code
  • Eagerly evaluate serialization (for speed).

Old CWN

If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

Alan Schmitt

--==-=-=-- --=-=-=-- --===-=-= Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQEzBAEBCAAdFiEE6lXof/BsSVW56ZmGBA0KO07S5ccFAl2ldRwACgkQBA0KO07S 5ce3fwgAvgCDwj/J7cYCkyGpsRX7gjw1Wu+eANeb9rzgHNKkg6h5/fPVhvQrfb3w AtShU12hco3OiI46XKUZ9757qPRVOg9RcyO6cEEe+VOBIsdNrnipeaXxRY5VrSwh rCIRzjOQkbfbyuJOhl2wPov7bspdvBwSnB5J++pYH/4Cm9943qtfaAeTwMtXkYZW 61Kj8E+qc6qa1LQY9RK+HqKI4sSl0V60YhEXQ68wrB8iuWKY4TdIZZEbqbN/7YcC X+6p5e7l+gBkMdaasTvDnHxlWx5x4Tx5AyAPnV/sNf/fC5xEsHmNzwDkKtu84w5E RMkS85UlpZTGZXzDOPDcgkN8U8u8eg== =Bbxg -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --===-=-=-- From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr (mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr [192.134.164.104]) by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 59C027F32D for ; Tue, 5 Nov 2019 07:55:13 +0100 (CET) X-IronPort-AV: E=Sophos;i="5.68,270,1569276000"; d="asc'?scan'208,217";a="325644514" Received: from unknown (HELO set) ([109.190.253.16]) by mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr with ESMTP/TLS/AES256-GCM-SHA384; 05 Nov 2019 07:55:11 +0100 User-agent: mu4e 1.2.0; emacs 26.3 From: Alan Schmitt To: "lwn" , "cwn" , caml-list@inria.fr Date: Tue, 05 Nov 2019 07:55:08 +0100 Message-ID: <87h83ivmlv.fsf@polytechnique.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="===-=-="; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature" Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News --===-=-= Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-=" --=-=-= Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="==-=-=" --==-=-= Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 29=20 to November 05, 2019. Table of Contents =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80 vim-ocaml - new home Old CWN vim-ocaml - new home =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive:=20 Rudi Grinberg announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 Dear Vim & Neovim users, I would like to announce that I've officially moved the=20 [vim-ocaml] repository under the control of the OCaml organization on github. Please direct your bug reports and pull requests to this repository. This move is done not because vim-ocaml is being neglected, on the contrary, there's an active team of=20 maintainers that recently expanded. I simply want to take this opportunity to=20 draw more Vim & Noevim users to this project, as I suspect many users=20 aren't aware of recent efforts. [vim-ocaml] Old CWN =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and=20 I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed=20 of the archives]. If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may=20 subscribe [online]. [Alan Schmitt] [send me a message] [the archive] [RSS feed of the archives]=20 [online] [Alan Schmitt] --==-=-= Content-Type: text/html Content-Disposition: inline OCaml Weekly News

OCaml Weekly News

Previous Week Up Next Week

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 29 to November 05, 2019.

Table of Contents

vim-ocaml - new home

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-vim-ocaml-new-home/4615/1

Rudi Grinberg announced

Dear Vim & Neovim users,

I would like to announce that I've officially moved the vim-ocaml repository under the control of the OCaml organization on github. Please direct your bug reports and pull requests to this repository. This move is done not because vim-ocaml is being neglected, on the contrary, there's an active team of maintainers that recently expanded. I simply want to take this opportunity to draw more Vim & Noevim users to this project, as I suspect many users aren't aware of recent efforts.

Old CWN

If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

Alan Schmitt

--==-=-=-- --=-=-=-- --===-=-= Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQEzBAEBCAAdFiEE6lXof/BsSVW56ZmGBA0KO07S5ccFAl3BHM4ACgkQBA0KO07S 5cdXNAf/TY9kfZzgVf15TxbYuhudsEWozqdiK0tZvryQBOZdUkBdPs7B96G0XWtE sq+SkHwWcLN8KTxaB3WUegI/Knr5Q+rv5Q+ZX1Ix7O0LoPat+WqdMKpYUTyI87HM d3fI/Lq+6+lOvpRiAC4V4KpTsDhr5U8QGgmeJ1vP77R1gCTcmdswxCzQhEWEHiY2 GLo43WXfSt6l24whJWTHUcoHBCYx7a/1k4rA+1LS5blbbiw1selNKQCYvhUZUdnW w2FztYDcKf1PBihgGgXBYdXkzdZpqsRjbaO4e6sX5imU4Oqk+yB3fhMUVhAXVc+y KN/O99Wr2yu5gXlOnVVcLjo5AthfIA== =uGv8 -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --===-=-=-- From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr (mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr [192.134.164.104]) by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 51AA07F30F for ; Tue, 12 Nov 2019 14:21:21 +0100 (CET) X-IronPort-AV: E=Sophos;i="5.68,296,1569276000"; d="asc'?scan'208,217";a="326418721" Received: from set.irisa.fr (HELO set) ([131.254.10.170]) by mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr with ESMTP/TLS/AES256-GCM-SHA384; 12 Nov 2019 14:21:20 +0100 User-agent: mu4e 1.2.0; emacs 26.3 From: Alan Schmitt To: "lwn" , "cwn" , caml-list@inria.fr Date: Tue, 12 Nov 2019 14:21:19 +0100 Message-ID: <87tv792ptc.fsf@polytechnique.org> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="===-=-="; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature" Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News --===-=-= Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-=" --=-=-= Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="==-=-=" --==-=-= Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hello Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 05=20 to 12, 2019. Table of Contents =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80 Mirage 3.7.1 released Old CWN Mirage 3.7.1 released =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive:=20 Hannes Mehnert announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 MirageOS 3.7.1 is released to opam repository now. Breaking change: =E2=80=A2 The hooks previously defined in OS.Main.at_enter/at_enter_iter/at_exit/at_exit_iter are now=20 part of Mirage_runtime (only used by mirage-entropy) Behaviour changes of MirageOS unikernels: =E2=80=A2 A unikernel now always calls the Mirage_runtime.at_exit=20 registered hooks =E2=80=93 once a unikernel succesfully executed its `start' in `Lwt_main.run', `exit 0' is called to ensure this behaviour =E2=80=A2 Top-level exceptions are no longer caught (there used to be in mirage-unix/mirage-xen/mirage-solo5 custom handlers). The=20 OCaml runtime prints the exception and backtrace on stdout and calls=20 exit 2 (from 4.10.0, abort() will be called). Deprecations (being removed from Mirage 4.0) =E2=80=A2 All Mirage_YYY_lwt are deprecated, Mirage_YYY interfaces are=20 no longer astracted over 'a io and buffer. This reduces the=20 amount of opam packages - mirage-yyy-lwt are no longer part of the=20 release (each mirage-yyy package provides a Mirage_yyy_lwt module for backwards compatibility). Motivation was discussed in =E2=80=A2 mirage-types and mirage-types-lwt are deprecated, please use=20 the Mirage_YYY signatures directly instead. Other observable changes =E2=80=A2 `mirage configure' now deletes all exising opam files Most reverse dependencies are already released to opam, have a=20 look at for progress (and=20 the temporary opam overlay). Old CWN =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and=20 I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed=20 of the archives]. If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may=20 subscribe [online]. [Alan Schmitt] [send me a message] [the archive] [RSS feed of the archives]=20 [online] [Alan Schmitt] --==-=-= Content-Type: text/html Content-Disposition: inline OCaml Weekly News

OCaml Weekly News

Previous Week Up Next Week

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 05 to 12, 2019.

Table of Contents

Mirage 3.7.1 released

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mirage-3-7-1-released/4634/1

Hannes Mehnert announced

MirageOS 3.7.1 is released to opam repository now.

Breaking change:

Behaviour changes of MirageOS unikernels:

  • A unikernel now always calls the Mirage_runtime.at_exit registered hooks – once a unikernel succesfully executed its start in Lwt_main.run, exit 0 is called to ensure this behaviour https://github.com/mirage/mirage/pull/1011
  • Top-level exceptions are no longer caught (there used to be in mirage-unix/mirage-xen/mirage-solo5 custom handlers). The OCaml runtime prints the exception and backtrace on stdout and calls exit 2 (from 4.10.0, abort() will be called).

Deprecations (being removed from Mirage 4.0)

  • All Mirage_YYY_lwt are deprecated, Mirage_YYY interfaces are no longer astracted over 'a io and buffer. This reduces the amount of opam packages - mirage-yyy-lwt are no longer part of the release (each mirage-yyy package provides a Mirage_yyy_lwt module for backwards compatibility). Motivation was discussed in https://github.com/mirage/mirage/issues/1004
  • mirage-types and mirage-types-lwt are deprecated, please use the Mirage_YYY signatures directly instead.

Other observable changes

  • mirage configure now deletes all exising opam files

Most reverse dependencies are already released to opam, have a look at https://github.com/mirage/mirage/issues/1012 for progress (and the temporary https://github.com/mirage/mirage-dev.git#easy opam overlay).

Old CWN

If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

Alan Schmitt

--==-=-=-- --=-=-=-- --===-=-= Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQEzBAEBCAAdFiEE6lXof/BsSVW56ZmGBA0KO07S5ccFAl3Ksc8ACgkQBA0KO07S 5cfMBwf/aG5wiv/ahZnau075Cl9Yv391ZiYTrUV/hqM+2hlF9TGAHfKBObyJu7Oe etkkgsU+qKnzqxLHiiFISL11Mjut8U8MafcchAB8IbnGJi5AyVzDAdB4UFluWpjL jxo5Nm5jX6RSuwGOJsIAjHcNu7K8VeXZDLZMbZlBsGGOHHPLaDb9nz7BNYZ8pflS RPDdNryucegRfAzm7Cgd0VRo9wvGBO2sdeJPW7BbqeHlH521+MgfXox2eH0a5g8S Kv29uMhbEtuLBzZtXq/8sks3gXaxPzvlqbqqltkhMr1E7xt2pJeyt46l2U/s2QWI loAYViJmH5g+Hra9NSV2YBUyLFGAcw== =2G5v -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --===-=-=-- From mboxrd@z Thu Jan 1 00:00:00 1970 Return-Path: Received: from mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr (mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr [192.134.164.83]) by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 6230A7ED20 for ; Tue, 26 Nov 2019 09:33:39 +0100 (CET) X-IronPort-AV: E=Sophos;i="5.69,245,1571695200"; d="asc'?scan'208,217";a="413501118" Received: from set.irisa.fr (HELO set) ([131.254.10.170]) by mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr with ESMTP/TLS/AES256-GCM-SHA384; 26 Nov 2019 09:33:38 +0100 User-agent: mu4e 1.2.0; emacs 26.3 From: Alan Schmitt To: "lwn" , "cwn" , caml-list@inria.fr Date: Tue, 26 Nov 2019 09:33:35 +0100 Message-ID: <87tv6rjau8.fsf@inria.fr> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; boundary="===-=-="; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature" Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News --===-=-= Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-=" --=-=-= Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="==-=-=" --==-=-= Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hello Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 19=20 to 26, 2019. Table of Contents =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80 tiny_httpd 0.1 printbox.0.3 v0.13 release of Jane Street packages opam2nix (v1) GitHub Actions for OCaml / opam now available OCurrent 0.1 (CI/CD pipeline eDSL) New pages for OCaml API Irmin 2.0.0 release Tail cascade: a new indentation style for some OCaml constructs Old CWN tiny_httpd 0.1 =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive: Simon Cruanes announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 Hello and good morning, I'm pleased to announce that=20 [tiny_httpd] 0.1 has been released and is on opam. The goal is to emulate python's standard `http.server' by=20 providing a 0-dependencies, minimalist, simple HTTP server for embedding in applications that are not primarily a website, with very basic=20 routing (thanks to `Scanf'). A binary `http_of_dir' is also distributed=20 and can be used to serve a directory, with optional upload of files. [tiny_httpd] printbox.0.3 =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive: Simon Cruanes announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 =E2=94=82 let b =3D =E2=94=82 let open PrintBox in =E2=94=82 PrintBox_unicode.setup(); =E2=94=82 frame @@ grid_l [ =E2=94=82 [text "subject"; text_with_style Style.bold "announce:=20 printbox 0.3"]; =E2=94=82 [text "explanation"; =E2=94=82 frame @@ text {|PrintBox is a library for rendering nested= =20 tables, =E2=94=82 trees, and similar structures in monospace text or=20 HTML.|}]; =E2=94=82 [text "github"; =E2=94=82 text_with_style Style.(bg_color Blue)=20 "https://github.com/c-cube/printbox/releases/tag/0.3"]; =E2=94=82 [text "contributors"; =E2=94=82 vlist_map (text_with_style Style.(fg_color Green))=20 ["Simon"; "Guillaume"; "Matt"]]; =E2=94=82 [text "dependencies"; =E2=94=82 tree empty =E2=94=82 [tree (text "mandatory") =E2=94=82 [text "dune"; text "bytes"]; =E2=94=82 tree (text "optional") =E2=94=82 [text "uutf"; text "uucp"; text "tyxml"]]]; =E2=94=82 [text "expected reaction"; text "=F0=9F=8E=89"]; =E2=94=82 ] =E2=94=82 =E2=94=82 let () =3D print_endline @@ PrintBox_text.to_string b =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 ([actual link to the release]) [actual link to the release] v0.13 release of Jane Street packages =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90= =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive: Xavier Clerc announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 We are pleased to announce the v0.13 release of Jane Street=20 packages! This release comes with 14 new packages, and a number of fixes=20 and enhancements. The documentation for this release is available on=20 our website: The remainder of this mail highlights the main changes since the=20 v0.12 release; we hope it will be useful to developers in the process=20 of migrating to the new version. A comprehensive changelog is=20 available at the end. Notable changes =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C =E2=80=A2 Changed `Base', `Core_kernel', and `Core' functions to raise `Not_found_s' instead of `Not_found'. `Hashtbl.find_exn' and `Map.find_exn' now include the key in their error message. =E2=80=A2 Changed `Core' and `Core_kernel' to export `int' comparison=20 rather than polymorphic comparison. =E2=80=A2 Removed the "robust" float comparison operators (`>.', `=3D.',= =20 =E2=80=A6) from the default namespace. =E2=80=A2 Replaced `sexp_*' types (`sexp_list', `sexp_option',=20 `sexp_opaque', =E2=80=A6) with preprocessor attributes (`[@sexp.list]',=20 `[@sexp.option]', `[@sexp.opaque]', =E2=80=A6). =E2=80=A2 Changed `let%map' syntax from `let%map.Foo.Let_syntax' to `let%map.Foo'. =E2=80=A2 Added to `match%optional' support for specifying a path, so=20 you can write `match%optional.Foo foo_option' rather than `let open Foo.Optional_syntax in match%optional foo_option'. =E2=80=A2 Improved `Base.Backtrace' so that it enables recording of=20 backtraces in more situations, specifically when `OCAMLRUNPARAM' is=20 defined but doesn't mention the backtrace flag, `b'. =E2=80=A2 Added javascript support for `Zarith', `Bigint', `Bignum', and `Bigdecimal'. =E2=80=A2 Changed `Hashtbl.create''s default `size' from 128 to 0. =E2=80=A2 Changed `Core_kernel.Command' so that all commands accept=20 double dash flags: `--help', `--version', and `--build-info'. New packages =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C =E2=80=A2 async_udp (): UDP=20 support for Async. =E2=80=A2 async_websocket=20 (): A library that implements the websocket protocol on top of=20 Async. =E2=80=A2 bonsai (): A library for building dynamic webapps, using Js_of_ocaml. =E2=80=A2 postgres_async=20 (): OCaml/async implementation of the postgres protocol (i.e.,=20 does not use C-bindings to libpq). =E2=80=A2 ppx_cold (): Expands `[@cold]' into `[@inline never][@specialise never][@local=20 never]'. =E2=80=A2 ppx_pattern_bind=20 (): A ppx for writing fast incremental bind nodes in a pattern=20 match. =E2=80=A2 ppx_python (): `[@@deriving]' plugin to generate Python conversion functions. =E2=80=A2 ppx_yojson_conv=20 (): `[@@deriving]' plugin to generate Yojson conversion functions. =E2=80=A2 ppx_yojson_conv_lib (): Runtime=20 lib for `ppx_yojson_conv'. =E2=80=A2 pythonlib (): A=20 library to help writing wrappers around OCaml code for python. =E2=80=A2 sexp_select (): A=20 library to use CSS-style selectors to traverse sexp trees. =E2=80=A2 timezone (): Time-zone handling. =E2=80=A2 toplevel_backend=20 (): Shared backend for setting up toplevels. =E2=80=A2 zarith_stubs_js=20 (): Javascript stubs for the Zarith library. Deprecations / Removals =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95= =8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C `Async_kernel': =E2=80=A2 Deprecated monadic `ignore' functions in favor of `ignore_m'. `Base': =E2=80=A2 Deleted `Array.replace' and `replace_all' functions, which=20 have been deprecated since before the last public release. =E2=80=A2 Deprecated `Result.ok_unit'; use `Ok ()'. =E2=80=A2 Removed the `Monad' and `Applicative' interfaces' `all_ignore' function; it was previously deprecated and replaced by=20 `all_unit'. =E2=80=A2 Removed `List.dedup', which has been deprecated since 2017-04. =E2=80=A2 Removed `String' mutation functions, which have been=20 deprecated in favor of `Bytes' since 2017-10. =E2=80=A2 Deprecated `Array.truncate', `Obj_array.unsafe_truncate', and `Uniform_array.unsafe_truncate'. =E2=80=A2 Deprecated `Sys.argv', which has been superseded by=20 `get_argv', which is a function, reflecting the fact that `argv' can=20 change (as of OCaml 4.09). `Core_kernel': =E2=80=A2 Removed `Core_kernel.Std', which had been deprecated for a=20 year. =E2=80=A2 Deprecated type `Command.Spec.param' in favor of=20 `Command.Param.t'. =E2=80=A2 Removed `Hashtbl' functions that had been deprecated for=20 years. =E2=80=A2 Removed `Float.to_string_round_trippable', which has been=20 deprecated in favor of `to_string' since 2017-04. =E2=80=A2 Deprecated `Fqueue' functions where one should use `Fdeque'=20 instead: `bot', `bot_exn', and `enqueue_top'. =E2=80=A2 Deleted `Bus.unsubscribes', which will be obviated by a=20 performance improvement to `Bus.unsubscribe'. `Timing_wheel': =E2=80=A2 Removed the `alarm_upper_bound' function, which has been=20 deprecated for 6 months, and superseded by `max_allowed_alarm_time'. Moves =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C `Core_kernel': =E2=80=A2 Moved `Bounded_int_table' to a standalone library. =E2=80=A2 Moved the `Pool' and `Tuple_type' modules to a standalone=20 library, `Tuple_pool'. `Async_unix': =E2=80=A2 Moved `Unix.Fd.replace' into a `Private' submodule. Changelog =E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2= =95=8C Please visit opam2nix (v1) =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive: Tim Cuthbertson announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 Anouncing opam2nix (v1) [opam2nix] generates [nix] expressions from the [opam] OCaml=20 package repository. It works similarly to [bundix], [node2nix], etc: You run an (impure) command to resolve all transitive dependency versions using the current opam repository, generating a .nix=20 file that locks down the exact package sources and versions. Then=20 this file can be imported to provide `buildInputs' for building your ocaml project in nix. *What is nix and why would I care?* Well, that's a long story=20 but the headline benefits of nix are: =E2=80=A2 reproducible builds (if it builds for me, it builds for you) =E2=80=A2 stateless (you don't set up switches and then install=20 packages, each expression specifies everything it needs, and anything you=20 don't have is fetched/built on demand) =E2=80=A2 language agnostic (takes care of non-ocaml dependencies) It's sadly not a shallow learning curve, but those benefits are=20 hard to find elsewhere, so I obviously think it's worthwhile. So if=20 you use nix (or would like to), please give it a try and provide feedback. I'll (slowly) start working on upstreaming it into=20 nixpkgs. [opam2nix] [nix] [opam] [bundix] [node2nix] GitHub Actions for OCaml / opam now available =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90= =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive: Anil Madhavapeddy announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80= =E2=94=80=E2=94=80 I was in the [GitHub Actions] beta program and forward ported my=20 code to the latest version that just went public. It's a pretty=20 simple way to get your OCaml code tested on Linux, macOS and Windows,=20 without requiring an external CI service. The action attempts to=20 provide a homogenous interface across all three operating systems, so=20 invoking 'opam' from subsequent actions should "just work". You can find it here: =E2=80=A2 In the GitHub Marketplace at =E2=80=A2 Source code on =E2=80=A2 Hello World usage on =E2=80=A2 Usage in ocaml-yaml: =E2=80=A2=20 =E2=80=A2 An [example ocaml-yaml run] This should be considered fairly experimental as GH Actions is=20 so new. If you do use it, then consider [updating this issue with your=20 usage]. It does not current supporting caching yet, but is pretty fast=20 to bootstrap (~4minutes). It also doesn't have any higher level purpose other than to set=20 up an opam environment, since most of the additional functionality=20 such as revdeps testing is planned for addition to the [ocurrent DSL]. Nevertheless, this GH feature will hopefully be useful for=20 smaller projects without a lot of computational requirements. Let me=20 know how it goes! Windows is currently supported through @fdopen's excellent fork=20 that uses Cygwin. As Windows support is being mainlined into opam=20 itself at the moment, I'm hoping that we will gradually move over to=20 that. That should eventually remove the need for two separate opam-repositories, so I won't be adding any features that are=20 Linux or macOS-specific and do not work on the Cygwin version. [GitHub Actions] [example ocaml-yaml run] [updating this issue with your usage] [ocurrent DSL] OCurrent 0.1 (CI/CD pipeline eDSL) =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90= =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90 Archive: Thomas Leonard announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 [OCurrent] 0.1 has just been released to opam-repository. OCurrent is an OCaml eDSL intended for writing build/test/deploy pipelines. It is being used as the engine for [ocaml-ci] and the [docker-base-images] builder (used to build the OCaml Docker=20 images, such as `ocurrent/opam:alpine-3.10-ocaml-4.08'). Other good uses=20 might be building and redeploying a Docker service or a unikernel=20 whenever its source repository changes. It can be run locally as a single=20 Unix process. An OCurrent pipeline is written as an OCaml program, but the=20 OCurrent engine ensures that it is kept up-to-date by re-running stages=20 when their inputs change. A web UI is available so you can view your pipeline and see its current state. OCurrent can statically analyse the pipelines before they have=20 run, allowing it to run steps in parallel automatically and to=20 display the whole pipeline. It does this using a light-weight alternative to arrows, which doesn't require programming in an awkward=20 point-free style. See [CI/CD Pipelines: Monad, Arrow or Dart?] for more=20 about that. The basic functionality can be extended using "plugins" (just=20 normal OCaml libraries). Plugins are available for interacting with=20 Docker, Git, GitHub and Slack. These are in separate packages (e.g. `current_github') to avoid having the base package pull in=20 too many dependencies). There is also an optional Cap'n Proto RPC interface, in the `current_rpc' opam package. This is used, for example, by=20 [citty] to provide a TTY interface to ocaml-ci. [The OCurrent wiki] contains examples, and documentation on the various plugins. Here's an example pipeline (from the base image builder): [OCurrent] [ocaml-ci] [docker-base-images]=20 [CI/CD Pipelines: Monad, Arrow or Dart?] [citty] [The OCurrent wiki] Anil Madhavapeddy then added =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80= =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 For those curious about the relation to the existing CI used in opam-repository, then it is no coincidence that @talex5 is the=20 author of both :-) This DSL is the next iteration of the [datakit-ci], but=20 specialised to be faster and simpler for extending with OCaml and more complex workflows that our OCaml Platform tools need these days (like ocamlformat linting, or dune expect promotion, or odoc cross-referenced doc generation). We are planning a smooth=20 migration next year over to the new system, but wanted to release this=20 early to show you some of the pieces going into this new iteration. I am particularly excited about the new tty-based interface that=20 saves an awful lot of clicking around on web UIs for CI results=E2=80=A6 [datakit-ci] New pages for OCaml API =E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2= =95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95= =90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90 Archive:=20 Continuing this thread, sanette announced =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94= =80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80= =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2= =94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 I have uploaded a new version (same link ) =E2=80=A2 background color for links in the TOC @Maelan =E2=80=A2 more indentation for value descriptions @Maelan, @grayswandyr =E2=80=A2 word wrapping long `
' codes @grayswandyr
  =E2=80=A2 type table: remove `(*' and `*)', give more space to code wrt
    comments, diminish comment's color @grayswandyr

  searching is not ready yet=E2=80=A6 please wait suggestions for dark=20
  theme
  welcome


sanette later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have just uploaded a new version with a basic search engine.
  =E2=80=A2 for each page, you can search values/modules
  =E2=80=A2 in the general index page, the search includes also the=20
  descriptions
  =E2=80=A2 search results are ranked by relevance

  the downside is that each page now comes with an index of about=20
  570Kb
  in the form of an index.js file. I'm kind of hoping that the=20
  browser
  will cache this, but I'm not sure. It would be maybe better to=20
  only
  load the index file on demand.


Irmin 2.0.0 release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:=20
  


Thomas Gazagnaire announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the Irmin development team, I am very happy to=20
  announce
  the release of Irmin 2.0.0, a major release of the Git-like
  distributed branching and storage substrate that underpins
  [MirageOS]. We began the release process for all the components=20
  that
  make up Irmin [back in May 2019], and there have been close to=20
  1000
  commits since Irmin 1.4.0 released back in June 2018. To=20
  celebrate
  this milestone, we have a new logo and opened a dedicated=20
  website:
  [irmin.org].

  More details here:=20
  


[MirageOS] 

[back in May 2019]


[irmin.org] 


Tail cascade: a new indentation style for some OCaml constructs
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I recently decided to change my indentation style for certain=20
  OCaml
  constructs in a way that I'm going to describe below. I just=20
  coined a
  name for this approach, "tail cascade". I'm creating this topic=20
  to
  convince everyone that this is a cool idea you should adopt as
  well. Or at least tolerate it when you review other people's=20
  code.


Problem
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Programs that heavily use `match' often see a shift to the right=20
  due
  to nested indentation.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 match foo with
  =E2=94=82 | Foo -> ...
  =E2=94=82 | Bar x ->
  =E2=94=82   match bar x with
  =E2=94=82   | FooBar -> ...
  =E2=94=82   | Blah y ->
  =E2=94=82     match f y with
  =E2=94=82     | Some z ->
  =E2=94=82       ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Another problem with this style is that it suffers from the=20
  "dangling
  bar" issue: if you try to add a new case for one of the exterior
  `match', it is parsed as belonging to the innermost `match'.=20
  People
  have been recommending (rightly) to use `begin match .. end' for=20
  all
  nested match constructs to avoid this issue.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 match foo with
  =E2=94=82 | Foo -> ...
  =E2=94=82 | Bar x ->
  =E2=94=82   begin match bar x with
  =E2=94=82   | FooBar -> ...
  =E2=94=82   | Blah y ->
  =E2=94=82     begin match f y with
  =E2=94=82     | None -> ...
  =E2=94=82     | Some z ->
  =E2=94=82       ...
  =E2=94=82     end
  =E2=94=82   (* now this is safe *)
  =E2=94=82   | FooBlah -> ...
  =E2=94=82   end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  But still the unpleasant shift to the right remains.


Proposal: cascading tail case
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We should in general use `begin match .. end' for nested=20
  matches. But
  the "cascading tail case" proposal is to *not* do it for the=20
  *last*
  case of the pattern-matching, and instead *de-indent* (dedent)=20
  this
  last case =E2=80=93 tail case.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 match foo with
  =E2=94=82 | Foo -> ...
  =E2=94=82 | Bar x ->
  =E2=94=82 match bar x with
  =E2=94=82 | FooBar -> ...
  =E2=94=82 | Blah y ->
  =E2=94=82 match f y with
  =E2=94=82 | None -> ...
  =E2=94=82 | Some z ->
  =E2=94=82 ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Note that with this indentation style, the "dangling match"=20
  problem is
  also avoided: unlike with the original, non `end'-protected=20
  program,
  the indentation makes it immediately obvious that any further=20
  case
  will be attached to the innermost match, and not any of the=20
  exterior
  ones.

  A program using this "cascading tail" approach should always use
  `begin match .. end' for nested matches, except for a nested=20
  match
  returned within the last branch of an outer match, which can
  (optionally) be dedented instead.

  The choice to dedent the last case corresponds to encouraging a
  sequential reading of the program, where the other cases are
  "auxiliary cases" checked first and dispatched quickly, and the=20
  last
  case is the "main part" where the "rest" of the logic of the=20
  program
  lies. This pattern is typical of nested pattern-matching on the
  `option' or `result' type for example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 match foo x with
  =E2=94=82 | Error err ->
  =E2=94=82   fail_foo_error err
  =E2=94=82 | Ok y ->
  =E2=94=82 match bar y with
  =E2=94=82 | Error err ->
  =E2=94=82   fail_bar_error err
  =E2=94=82 | Ok () ->
  =E2=94=82 ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Remark: it is *not* always the case that the `Error' constructor=20
  is
  the auxiliary case, and the `Ok' constructor is the main case;
  sometimes we implement fallback logic like "if `foo' work then=20
  we are
  good, but otherwise we have to do this and that", and the error=20
  case
  is the most salient (and longer) part of the program logic. I=20
  would
  recommend being mindful, when you write code, of whether there=20
  is a
  most convincing way to "sequentialize" it (distinguish auxiliary=20
  and
  main/tail case), and avoid using cascading tails when there is=20
  no
  clear sequentialization choice.

  Remark: some cases of tail cascades can be linearized by using a=20
  good
  definition of "bind" and a monadic style. This tends to be very
  limited however: it fixes one of the constructors to always be=20
  the
  "tail" constructor (always `Some', always `Ok'), and it only=20
  works
  when the handling of the other constructors is very homogeneous
  (typically: return directly). In real code, many situations=20
  occur
  where the monadic style doesn't fit the problem, but tail=20
  cascade does
  help writing a readable program.


Generalization: tail cascade
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  While I have never seen cascading tail cases in real-world OCaml=20
  code
  before (I'm happy to be given pointers; I think that the idea is=20
  not
  new, but I'm not aware of previous attempts to give it a catchy=20
  name
  and spread the cascade love), this is in fact a new (to me)=20
  instance
  of a common technique that is used for other OCaml constructs:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 if foo x then ...
  =E2=94=82 else if bar x then ...
  =E2=94=82 else ... (* this `tail else` was dedented *)
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 let x =3D foo in
  =E2=94=82 let y =3D bar in (* this `tail let` was dedented *)
  =E2=94=82 ...            (* and the rest as well *)
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 bind foo @@ fun x ->
  =E2=94=82 bind bar @@ fun y -> (* this "tail function body" was dedented=
=20
  *)
  =E2=94=82 ...                  (* and the rest as well *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I would call "tail cascade" (or maybe: "cascading tail") the=20
  idea of
  dedenting the "rest" of an OCaml expression (compared to a=20
  strict
  tree-nesting-based approach) when it morally describes the=20
  "rest" of
  the expression. I use the name "tail" because those expressions=20
  are
  almost always in tail-position in the sense of tail-calls.

  This general approach legitimizes some styles that I have seen,=20
  and
  sometimes used, in the wild, while at the same time considering=20
  that I
  may have been doing something improper, for example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 if foo then blah else
  =E2=94=82 ... (* dedented *)
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 Fun.protect
  =E2=94=82   ~finally:(...)
  =E2=94=82 @@ fun () ->
  =E2=94=82 ... (* dedented *)
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 try simple_approach with exn ->
  =E2=94=82 ... (* dedented *)
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 1 +
  =E2=94=82 2 + (* dedented *)
  =E2=94=82 ... (* dedented *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Remark: after a `then' or `else', many people share the=20
  reasonable
  view that any expression containing imperative constructs (`foo;=20
  bar')
  should be enclosed in a `begin .. end' block to avoid
  surprising-precedence issue. Just as for nested `match', this
  recommendation should be lifted for "tail else" constructs.

  Remark: The last example is a case where the dedented=20
  expressions are
  *not* in tail-position from a runtime-evaluation point of view.=20
  I am
  not sure as whether the two notions should be made to coincide=20
  more
  strongly, but in any case I'm not fond of the style in this=20
  particular
  example, I prefer to move the infix operator to the beginning of=20
  the
  next line instead, following a different style and=20
  justification.

  The possibility this "cascading tail" style today crucially=20
  relies on
  the nesting properties of open-ended syntactic constructs,=20
  notably
  `let' (commonly cascaded), and now `match' and `if
  ... else'. Proposals to transition to a syntax where `match' and
  `else' are forced to take a closing marker are incompatible with=20
  the
  cascading style. I have not made my mind on whether this should=20
  be
  considered a blocker for those proposals, but at least it shows=20
  that
  having the open-ended form available has value for certain=20
  programs.


Louis Gesbert then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  @gasche I prototyped a dedicated option in `ocp-indent', if=20
  you're
  interested in trying it out :)
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam pin=20
  git+https://github.com/OCamlPro/ocp-indent#match-tail-cascade
  =E2=94=82 echo "match_tail_cascade=3Dtrue" >> ~/.ocp-indent
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and=20
  I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed=20
  of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may=20
  subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives]=20


[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--==-=-=
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 19 to 26, 20=
19.









tiny_httpd 0.1





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tiny-httpd-0-1/4727/1








Simon Cruanes announced





Hello and good morning, I'm pleased to announce that tiny_httpd 0.1 has been released and is on o=
pam.





The goal is to emulate python's standard http.server by provid=
ing a 0-dependencies, minimalist, simple HTTP server for embedding in appli=
cations that are not primarily a website, with very basic routing (thanks t=
o Scanf). A binary http_of_dir is also distribute=
d and can be used to serve a directory, with optional upload of files.















printbox.0.3





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-printbox-0-3/4731/1








Simon Cruanes announced







3D"8e7c55c5ab69=








let b =3D
  let open PrintBox in
  PrintBox_unicode.setup();
  frame @@ grid_l [
    [text "subject"; text_with_style=
 Style.bold "announce: printbox 0.3"];
    [text "explanation";
    frame @@ text {|PrintBox is a library for rendering nested tables,
    trees, and similar structures in monosp=
ace text or HTML.|}];
    [text "github";
    text_with_style Style.(bg_color =
Blue) "https://github.com/c-cube/printbox/releases/t=
ag/0.3"];
    [text "contributors";
     vlist_map (text_with_style Style.(fg_color Gree=
n)) ["Simon"; "Guillaume"; "Matt"=
]];
    [text "dependencies";
    tree empty
      [tree (text "mandatory")
         [text "dune"; text "bytes"];
       tree (text "optional")
         [text "uutf"; text "uucp"; text "tyxml"]]];
    [text "expected reaction"; text =
"🎉"];
  ]

let () =3D print_=
endline @@ PrintBox_text.to_string b







(actual lin=
k to the release)















v0.13 release of Jane Street packages





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-v0-13-release-of-jan=
e-street-packages/4735/1








Xavier Clerc announced





We are pleased to announce the v0.13 release of Jane Street packages!





This release comes with 14 new packages, and a number of fixes and
enhancements. The documentation for this release is available on our
website:





https://ocam=
l.janestreet.com/ocaml-core/v0.13/doc/





The remainder of this mail highlights the main changes since the v0.12
release; we hope it will be useful to developers in the process of
migrating to the new version. A comprehensive changelog is available
at the end.








Notable changes




    

  • Changed Base, Core_kernel, and Core functions to raise
Not_found_s instead of Not_found.  Hashtbl.=
find_exn and
Map.find_exn now include the key in their error message.
    • 


  • Changed Core and Core_kernel to export =
int comparison rather
than polymorphic comparison.
    • 


  • Removed the "robust" float comparison operators (>., =3D., …)
from the default namespace.
    • 


  • Replaced sexp_* types (sexp_list, sexp_=
option, sexp_opaque,
…) with preprocessor attributes ([@sexp.list], [@=
sexp.option],
[@sexp.opaque], …).
    • 


  • Changed let%map syntax from let%map.Foo.Let_syntax to
let%map.Foo.
    • 


  • Added to match%optional support for specifying a path, so =
you can
write match%optional.Foo foo_option rather than let open
  Foo.Optional_syntax in match%optional foo_option.
    • 


  • Improved Base.Backtrace so that it enables recording of ba=
cktraces
in more situations, specifically when OCAMLRUNPARAM is defined=
 but
doesn't mention the backtrace flag, b.
    • 


  • Added javascript support for Zarith, Bigint, =
Bignum, and
Bigdecimal.
    • 


  • Changed Hashtbl.create's default size from 12=
8 to 0.
    • 


  • Changed Core_kernel.Command so that all commands accept do=
uble
dash flags: --help, --version, and --build-=
info.
    • 











New packages













Deprecations / Removals





Async_kernel:




    

  • Deprecated monadic ignore functions in favor of igno=
re_m.
    • 





Base:




    

  • Deleted Array.replace and replace_all functio=
ns, which have been
deprecated since before the last public release.
    • 


  • Deprecated Result.ok_unit; use Ok ().
    • 


  • Removed the Monad and Applicative interfaces'=
 all_ignore
function; it was previously deprecated and replaced by all_unit.
    • 


  • Removed List.dedup, which has been deprecated since 2017-0=
4.
    • 


  • Removed String mutation functions, which have been depreca=
ted in
favor of Bytes since 2017-10.
    • 


  • Deprecated Array.truncate, Obj_array.unsafe_truncate=
, and
Uniform_array.unsafe_truncate.
    • 


  • Deprecated Sys.argv, which has been superseded by ge=
t_argv,
which is a function, reflecting the fact that argv can change =
(as
of OCaml 4.09).
    • 





Core_kernel:




    

  • Removed Core_kernel.Std, which had been deprecated for a y=
ear.
    • 


  • Deprecated type Command.Spec.param in favor of Comma=
nd.Param.t.
    • 


  • Removed Hashtbl functions that had been deprecated for yea=
rs.
    • 


  • Removed Float.to_string_round_trippable, which has been de=
precated
in favor of to_string since 2017-04.
    • 


  • Deprecated Fqueue functions where one should use Fde=
que instead:
bot, bot_exn, and enqueue_top.
    • 


  • Deleted Bus.unsubscribes, which will be obviated by a perf=
ormance
improvement to Bus.unsubscribe.
    • 





Timing_wheel:




    

  • Removed the alarm_upper_bound function, which has been dep=
recated
for 6 months, and superseded by max_allowed_alarm_time.
    • 











Moves





Core_kernel:




    

  • Moved Bounded_int_table to a standalone library.
    • 


  • Moved the Pool and Tuple_type modules to a st=
andalone library,
Tuple_pool.
    • 





Async_unix:




    

  • Moved Unix.Fd.replace into a Private submodul=
e.
    • 




















opam2nix (v1)





Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam2nix-v1/4741/1








Tim Cuthbertson announced





Anouncing opam2nix (v1)





opam2nix generates <=
a href=3D"https://nixos.org/">nix expressions from the opam OCaml package repository. It works similarly t=
o bundix, node2nix, etc:





You run an (impure) command to resolve all transitive dependency versions u=
sing the current opam repository, generating a .nix file that locks down th=
e exact package sources and versions. Then this file can be imported to pro=
vide buildInputs for building your ocaml project in nix.





What is nix and why would I care? Well, that's a long story but the =
headline benefits of nix are:




    

  • reproducible builds (if it builds for me, it builds for you)
    • 

  • stateless (you don't set up switches and then install packages, each ex=
pression specifies everything it needs, and anything you don't have is fetc=
hed/built on demand)
    • 

  • language agnostic (takes care of non-ocaml dependencies)
    • 





It's sadly not a shallow learning curve, but those benefits are hard to fin=
d elsewhere, so I obviously think it's worthwhile. So if you use nix (or wo=
uld like to), please give it a try and provide feedback. I'll (slowly) star=
t working on upstreaming it into nixpkgs.















GitHub Actions for OCaml / opam now available





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/github-actions-for-oca=
ml-opam-now-available/4745/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





I was in the GitHub Actions beta=
 program and forward ported my code to the latest version that just went pu=
blic.  It's a pretty simple way to get your OCaml code tested on Linux, mac=
OS and Windows, without requiring an external CI service.  The action attem=
pts to provide a homogenous interface across all three operating systems, s=
o invoking 'opam' from subsequent actions should "just work".





You can find it here:






This should be considered fairly experimental as GH Actions is so new.  If =
you do use it, then consider updating this issue with your usage.  It does not current su=
pporting caching yet, but is pretty fast to bootstrap (~4minutes).





It also doesn't have any higher level purpose other than to set up an opam =
environment, since most of the additional functionality such as revdeps tes=
ting is planned for addition to the ocurrent DSL.   Neverthele=
ss, this GH feature will hopefully be useful for smaller projects without a=
 lot of computational requirements.   Let me know how it goes!





Windows is currently supported through @fdopen's excellent fork that uses C=
ygwin.   As Windows support is being mainlined into opam itself at the mome=
nt, I'm hoping that we will gradually move over to that.  That should event=
ually remove the need for two separate opam-repositories, so I won't be add=
ing any features that are Linux or macOS-specific and do not work on the Cy=
gwin version.















OCurrent 0.1 (CI/CD pipeline eDSL)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocurrent-0-1-ci-cd-pipeli=
ne-edsl/4742/1








Thomas Leonard announced





OCurrent 0.1 has just =
been released to opam-repository.





OCurrent is an OCaml eDSL intended for writing build/test/deploy pipelines.=
 It is being used as the engine for ocaml-ci and the docker-base-images builder (used to build the OCaml Doc=
ker images, such as ocurrent/opam:alpine-3.10-ocaml-4.08). Oth=
er good uses might be building and redeploying a Docker service or a uniker=
nel whenever its source repository changes. It can be run locally as a sing=
le Unix process.





An OCurrent pipeline is written as an OCaml program, but the OCurrent engin=
e ensures that it is kept up-to-date by re-running stages when their inputs=
 change. A web UI is available so you can view your pipeline and see its cu=
rrent state.





OCurrent can statically analyse the pipelines before they have run, allowin=
g it to run steps in parallel automatically and to display the whole pipeli=
ne. It does this using a light-weight alternative to arrows, which doesn't =
require programming in an awkward point-free style. See
CI/CD=
 Pipelines: Monad, Arrow or Dart? for more about that.





The basic functionality can be extended using "plugins" (just normal OCaml =
libraries). Plugins are available for interacting with Docker, Git, GitHub =
and Slack. These are in separate packages (e.g. current_github=
) to avoid having the base package pull in too many dependencies).





There is also an optional Cap'n Proto RPC interface, in the current_r=
pc opam package. This is used, for example, by citty to provide a TTY interface to ocaml-ci.





The OCurrent wiki=
 contains examples, and documentation on the various plugins.





Here's an example pipeline (from the base image builder):







3D"docker-base-images-thumb.png"













Anil Madhavapeddy then added





For those curious about the relation to the existing CI used in opam-reposi=
tory, then it is no coincidence that @talex5 is the author of both :-)





This DSL is the next iteration of the datakit-ci, but specialised to be faster and simpler for extendi=
ng with OCaml and more complex workflows that our OCaml Platform tools need=
 these days (like ocamlformat linting, or dune expect promotion, or odoc cr=
oss-referenced doc generation).  We are planning a smooth migration next ye=
ar over to the new system, but wanted to release this early to show you som=
e of the pieces going into this new iteration.  I am particularly excited a=
bout the new tty-based interface that saves an awful lot of clicking around=
 on web UIs for CI results…















New pages for OCaml API





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-pages-for-ocaml-api/4720/13








Continuing this thread, sanette announced





I have uploaded a new version (same link https://sanette.github.io/ocaml-api/)



    

  • background color for links in the TOC @Maelan
    • 

  • more indentation for value descriptions @Maelan,  @grayswandyr
    • 

  • word wrapping long <pre> codes @grayswandyr
    • 

  • type table: remove (* and *), give more space=
 to code wrt comments, diminish comment's color @grayswandyr
    • 





searching is not ready yet… please wait
suggestions for dark theme welcome











sanette later added





I have just uploaded a new version with a basic search engine.



    

  • for each page, you can search values/modules
    • 

  • in the general index page, the search includes also the descriptions

  • search results are ranked by relevance
    • 





the downside is that each page now comes with an index of about 570Kb in th=
e form of an index.js file. I'm kind of hoping that the browser will cache =
this, but I'm not sure. It would be maybe better to only load the index fil=
e on demand.















Irmin 2.0.0 release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-irmin-2-0-0-release/4746/1








Thomas Gazagnaire announced





On behalf of the Irmin development team, I am very happy to announce the re=
lease of Irmin 2.0.0, a major release of the Git-like distributed branching=
 and storage substrate that underpins Mirage=
OS. We began the release process for all the components that make up Ir=
min back in May 2019, and there have been close to 1000 commits since Irmi=
n 1.4.0 released back in June 2018. To celebrate this milestone, we have a =
new logo and opened a dedicated website: irm=
in.org.





More details here: https://tarides.com/blog/2019-11-21-irmin-v2















Tail cascade: a new indentation style for some OCaml construct=
s





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tai=
l-cascade-a-new-indentation-style-for-some-ocaml-constructs/4736/1








gasche announced





I recently decided to change my indentation style for certain OCaml constru=
cts in a way that I'm going to describe below. I just coined a name for thi=
s approach, "tail cascade". I'm creating this topic to convince everyone th=
at this is a cool idea you should adopt as well. Or at least tolerate it wh=
en you review other people's code.








Problem





Programs that heavily use match often see a shift to the right=
 due to nested indentation.






match f=
oo with
| Foo -&g=
t; ...
| Bar x -=
>
  match bar x with
  | FooBar -> ...
  | Blah =
y ->
    match f y with
    | Some z ->
      ...







Another problem with this style is that it suffers from the "dangling bar" =
issue: if you try to add a new case for one of the exterior match, it is parsed as belonging to the innermost match. People =
have been recommending (rightly) to use begin match .. end for=
 all nested match constructs to avoid this issue.






match f=
oo with
| Foo -&g=
t; ...
| Bar x -=
>
  begin match bar x w=
ith
  | FooBar -> ...
  | Blah =
y ->
    begin match f y w=
ith
    | None -> ...
    | Some z ->
      ...
    end
  (* now this is safe *)
  | FooBlah -> ...
  end







But still the unpleasant shift to the right remains.










Proposal: cascading tail case





We should in general use begin match .. end for nested matches=
. But the "cascading tail case" proposal is to not do it for the =
last case of the pattern-matching, and instead de-indent (dedent=
) this last case – tail case.






match f=
oo with
| Foo -&g=
t; ...
| Bar x -=
>
match bar x with
| FooBar =
-> ...
| Blah y =
->
match f y with
| None -&=
gt; ...
| Some z =
->
...







Note that with this indentation style, the "dangling match" problem is also=
 avoided: unlike with the original, non end-protected program,=
 the indentation makes it immediately obvious that any further case will be=
 attached to the innermost match, and not any of the exterior ones.





A program using this "cascading tail" approach should always use begi=
n match .. end for nested matches, except for a nested match returne=
d within the last branch of an outer match, which can (optionally) be deden=
ted instead.





The choice to dedent the last case corresponds to encouraging a sequential =
reading of the program, where the other cases are "auxiliary cases" checked=
 first and dispatched quickly, and the last case is the "main part" where t=
he "rest" of the logic of the program lies. This pattern is typical of nest=
ed pattern-matching on the option or result type =
for example:






match f=
oo x with
| Error e=
rr ->
  fail_foo_error err
| Ok y -&=
gt;
match bar y with
| Error e=
rr ->
  fail_bar_error err
| Ok () -=
>
...







Remark: it is not always the case that the Error constr=
uctor is the auxiliary case, and the Ok constructor is the mai=
n case; sometimes we implement fallback logic like "if foo wor=
k then we are good, but otherwise we have to do this and that", and the err=
or case is the most salient (and longer) part of the program logic. I would=
 recommend being mindful, when you write code, of whether there is a most c=
onvincing way to "sequentialize" it (distinguish auxiliary and main/tail ca=
se), and avoid using cascading tails when there is no clear sequentializati=
on choice.





Remark: some cases of tail cascades can be linearized by using a good defin=
ition of "bind" and a monadic style. This tends to be very limited however:=
 it fixes one of the constructors to always be the "tail" constructor (alwa=
ys Some, always Ok), and it only works when the h=
andling of the other constructors is very homogeneous (typically: return di=
rectly). In real code, many situations occur where the monadic style doesn'=
t fit the problem, but tail cascade does help writing a readable program.











Generalization: tail cascade





While I have never seen cascading tail cases in real-world OCaml code befor=
e (I'm happy to be given pointers; I think that the idea is not new, but I'=
m not aware of previous attempts to give it a catchy name and spread the ca=
scade love), this is in fact a new (to me) instance of a common technique t=
hat is used for other OCaml constructs:






if foo =
x then ...
else if bar x then ...
else ... (* this `tail else` was dedente=
d *)

let x =3D foo in
let y =3D bar in (* this `tail let` was dedented *)
...            (* and the rest as well *=
)

bind foo @@ fun x ->
bind bar @@ fun y -> (* this "tail=
 function body" was dedented *)
...                  (* and the rest as well *)







I would call "tail cascade" (or maybe: "cascading tail") the idea of dedent=
ing the "rest" of an OCaml expression (compared to a strict tree-nesting-ba=
sed approach) when it morally describes the "rest" of the expression. I use=
 the name "tail" because those expressions are almost always in tail-positi=
on in the sense of tail-calls.





This general approach legitimizes some styles that I have seen, and sometim=
es used, in the wild, while at the same time considering that I may have be=
en doing something improper, for example:






if foo =
then blah else
... (* dedented *)


Fun.protect
  ~finally:(...)
@@ f=
un () ->
... (* dedented *)


try simple_approach with exn ->
... (* dedented *)


1 +
2 + (* dedented *)
... (* dedented *)







Remark: after a then or else, many people share t=
he reasonable view that any expression containing imperative constructs (foo; bar) should be enclosed in a begin .. end bloc=
k to avoid surprising-precedence issue. Just as for nested match, this recommendation should be lifted for "tail else" constructs.





Remark: The last example is a case where the dedented expressions are no=
t in tail-position from a runtime-evaluation point of view. I am not su=
re as whether the two notions should be made to coincide more strongly, but=
 in any case I'm not fond of the style in this particular example, I prefer=
 to move the infix operator to the beginning of the next line instead, foll=
owing a different style and justification.





The possibility this "cascading tail" style today crucially relies on the n=
esting properties of open-ended syntactic constructs, notably let (commonly cascaded), and now match and if ... else. Proposals to transition to a syntax where match and else are forced to take a closing marker are incompatible with th=
e cascading style. I have not made my mind on whether this should be consid=
ered a blocker for those proposals, but at least it shows that having the o=
pen-ended form available has value for certain programs.













Louis Gesbert then said





@gasche I prototyped a dedicated option in ocp-indent, if you'=
re interested in trying it out :)





opam pin git+https://github.com/OCamlPro/ocp-i=
ndent#match-tail-cascade
echo "match_tail_cascade=3Dtrue" >> ~/.ocp-indent

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 26 to Decemb=
er 03, 2019.









Irmin 2.0.0 release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-irmin-2-0-0-release/4746/5








Continuing this thread, samoht announced





And there is now a follow-up blog post, explaining how to use the new Graph=
QL API available in Irmin2: https://tarides.com/blog/2019-11-27-introducing-=
irmin-graphql.















How viable is delivering binaries linked to Cygwin to Windows =
customers?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/how-viable-is-delivering-binaries-linked-to-cygwin-to-windows-customers=
/4775








mbacarella asked





I=E2=80=99m in the early stages of planning a deliverable binary product th=
at will run on Linux, Mac and Windows.





My brief sniff of the air around the OCaml ecosystem says I should expect t=
o target Cygwin to get Windows going (although there=E2=80=99s impressive w=
ork to get native Windows stuff done that can become the preferred approach=
 in a few years).





My experience using Cygwin as an operating environment is that it=E2=80=99s=
 pretty darn sluggish compared to Linux on the same computer.





Why is this? There=E2=80=99s an anecdote that says Cygwin can only fork at =
about 30-50x a second on Windows, due to how it has to adapt it to work wit=
hin Windows=E2=80=99 task spawning model. (For contrast, Linux can achieve =
thousands of forks per second if you play around with it).





I understand from another product developer that when they build binaries t=
o deliver to Windows/Cygwin, they actually cross-compile on Linux because o=
f how slowly the toolchain runs on Cygwin.





That sounds like bad news if you want to do UNIXy things, but for a single =
standalone application this might not be so bad? I assume if I ship a deliv=
erable to Windows/Cygwin, the end user may enjoy good performance, so long =
as I=E2=80=99m not spawning tons of processes or relying on fork for multi-=
programming. Is this a safe assumptions?





Any other gotchas when it comes to OCaml on Cygwin w.r.t. performance?





The app pretty much has real-time gaming requirements (though it=E2=80=99s =
not a game so can side-step worrying about access to GPUs and what-not). St=
ated another way, although my application will depend on the POSIX layer of=
fered by Cygwin, I expect it not to crunch POSIX related stuff in the main =
loop.





How has your experience gone?











John Whitington replied





I have been shipping commercial binaries for Linux (32 and 64 bit), Windows=
 (32 and 64bit) and OS X for years. For example:
https://githu=
b.com/coherentgraphics/cpdf-binaries





And even static or shared libraries in binary form:
https://gith=
ub.com/coherentgraphics/cpdflib-binary





On OS X, you need to use MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET or similar to make sure y=
our builds will run on older systems. And, in fact, you need to use MACOSX_=
DEPLOYMENT_TARGET when asking OPAM to compile the OCaml compiler itself. An=
d, you will need to deal with codesigning and notarization. But it=E2=80=99=
s all doable.





For linux, you may need to build under older linux versions, to make sure t=
hat the glibc in use is old enough. This is not an ocaml-specific problem. =
I have a 64 bit and 32 bit VM with old-ish glibc versions for this purpose.





Under Windows, there are no such backward-compatibility problems. I use the=
 new OCaml for windows system, which comes with OPAM, and is mingw-based. N=
o cygwin remains in the final binary.





For more obscure systems (AIX, HPUX, Sparc etc) customers compile from sour=
ce
(with help from me). Not once in more than ten years has anyone cared that =
it
was written in OCaml.











dbuenzli also replied





remember that on the Windows native port, the Unix module distributed with =
OCaml is your POSIX compatibility layer. There are a few entry points to av=
oid though, the list is at the bottom of this page.











nojb also replied





At LexiFi our main application is developed and shipped on Windows. We use =
the msvc port of OCaml. This means that you need Cygwin to develop, but the=
 resulting application is fully native and does not depend on the Cygwin DL=
L. As @dbuenzli mentioned, the Unix module is the POSIX compatibilit=
y layer.





Compilation speed is slower on Windows because process creation is slower o=
n Windows as a general rule, but it is manageable (our application has arou=
nd 2000 modules + Js_of_ocaml + C bindings + C# component).





We don=E2=80=99t have any issues with runtime performance. The Unix library mentioned above implements Windows support directly without g=
oing through any compatibility layer and is quite efficient.











BikalGurung also replied





There is an editor being built in ocaml/reasonml which currently targets wi=
ndows, linux and macos - https:/=
/github.com/onivim/oni2. However, the binary is native windows rather t=
han cygwin derivative. So if you don=E2=80=99t have to use cygwin dependenc=
ies then native windows binary could be the way to go.





Also esy - https://github.com/esy/es=
y makes developing ocaml/reasonml on windows viable.











keleshev also replied





TLDR: Install the Mingw port of OCaml 4, freely use most opam libraries, and co=
mpile to native Windows binaries, without licensing issues.





I recommend you read the =E2=80=9CRelease notes for Windows=E2=80=9D:
htt=
ps://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/trunk/README.win32.adoc





To summarise, there are three Windows ports:




    

  • Native Microsoft port,
    • 

  • Native Mingw port,
    • 

  • Cygwin port.
    • 





All three require Cygwin for development purposes. I recommend using the Na=
tive Mingw, as:







To contrast, Native Microsoft requires Visual Studio, and doesn=E2=80=99t h=
ave opam. You can still vendor pure OCaml packages, but as soon as you want=
 to use some C bindings you=E2=80=99re in trouble, because of the =E2=80=9C=
minor=E2=80=9D differences between Visual C and GCC. And everything assumes=
 GCC nowadays.





Cygwin port is the one I don=E2=80=99t have experience with, but re-reading=
 the =E2=80=9CRelease notes for Windows=E2=80=9D above it strikes me that i=
t mentions that Cygwin was re-licensed from GPL to LGPL with static linking=
 exception. So it looks like the Cygwin port could be viable for commercial=
 use, but I never tried to statically linked cygwin.dll, and I=
=E2=80=99m not sure what are the benefits of Cygwin port over the Mingw por=
t.











dmbaturin also replied





With soupault 4, I decided =
to ship prebuilt binaries for all platforms including Windows. Mostly to se=
e if I can, all its users I know of are on UNIX-like systems and know how t=
o build from source, but that=E2=80=99s beside the point. :wink:





I can confirm everything @keleshev says: fdopen=E2=80=99s package just work=
s, opam works exactly like it does on UNIX, pure OCaml libraries are trivia=
l to install, and the binaries don=E2=80=99t depend on cygwin.
Note that =E2=80=9Copam switch create=E2=80=9D also just works, you can ins=
tall either MinGW or MSVC compiler versions as opam switches.
I only ever start the Windows VM to make release builds, and the workflow i=
s exactly the same as on Linux where I=E2=80=99m actually writing code.





My only obstacle on that path was that FileUtils lost its Windows compatibi=
lity, but I wanted to use it, so I worked with @gildor478 to make it cross-=
platform again. Uncovered a bug in the implementation of Unix.utimes in the=
 process, but it=E2=80=99s hardly a commonly used function.





You can also setup AppVeyor builds. It=E2=80=99s not as simple as I wish it=
 would be, but there are projects doing it that you can steal the setup fro=
m.





There=E2=80=99s also opam-cross-windows, but it=E2=80=99s very incomplete a=
nd needs work to be practical. There are no big obstacles, it just needs wo=
rk. While files in opam-repository-mingw are normally identical to the defa=
ult opam repository, the cross one needs small adjustments in every package=
 to specify the toolchain to use, so the required work is mostly a lot of t=
rivial but manual actions. I hope eventually it reaches parity with fdopen=
=E2=80=99s one and we=E2=80=99ll be able to easily build for Windows withou=
t ever touching Windows.





As of static Linux builds, @JohnWhitington=E2=80=99s approach can work, but=
 there=E2=80=99s a better option if you don=E2=80=99t need anything from gl=
ibc specifically and don=E2=80=99t link against any C libs: build staticall=
y with musl. There=E2=80=99s a +musl+static+flambda compiler f=
lavour. You need musl and gcc-musl to install it, but after that, just buil=
d with -ccopt -static flag and you get a binary that doesn=E2=
=80=99t depend on anything.















Dune 2.0.0





Archive: https:=
//discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-2-0-0/4758








rgrinberg announced





On behalf of the dune team, I=E2=80=99m delighted to announce the release o=
f dune 2.0. This release is the culmination of 4 months of hard work by the=
 dune team and contains new features, bug fixes, and performance improvemen=
ts . Here=E2=80=99s a selection of new features that I personally find inte=
resting:




    

  • New boostrap procedure that works in low memory environments
    • 

  • (deprecated_library_name ..) stanza to properly deprecate =
old library names
    • 

  • (foreign_library ..) stanza to define C/C++ libraries.
    • 

  • C stubs directly in OCaml executables
    • 





Refer to the change log for an exhaustive list.





We strive for a good out of the box experience that requires no configurati=
on, so we=E2=80=99ve also tweaked a few defaults. In particular, $ du=
ne build will now build @all instead of @install<=
/code>, and ocamlformat rules are setup by default.





Lastly, dune 2.0 sheds all the legacy related to jbuilder and will no longe=
r build jbuilder projects. This change is necessary to ease maintenance and=
 make it easier to add new features down the line. There are a few other mi=
nor breaking changes. Refer to the change log for the full list. We apologi=
ze in advance for any convenience this might cause.





Changelog















Advanced C binding using ocaml-ctypes and dune





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/advanced-c-binding-us=
ing-ocaml-ctypes-and-dune/4805








toots announced





I worked on a socket.h binding last summer and had a great experience integ=
rating ocaml-ctypes with dune, I thought that might be of interest to other=
 developers so I wrote about it: https://me=
dium.com/@romain.beauxis/advanced-c-binding-using-ocaml-ctypes-and-dune-cc3=
f4cbab302











rgrinberg replied





This is a good article. I encourage anyone who writes C bindings with ctype=
s to study it carefully.





A little bit of advice to shorten your dune files:




(deps    (:gen ./gen_constants_c.exe))





This line isn=E2=80=99t necessary. Dune is smart enough to know that runnin=
g a binary in a rule incurs a dependency on it.







dune has a truly amazing support for cross-compiling, which we do not cov=
er here, but, unfortunately, its primitives for building and executing bina=
ries do not yet cover this use case.







Indeed, we don=E2=80=99t have any primitives for running binaries on the ta=
rget platform. Perhaps we should add some. However, we do in fact have some=
 features in dune to solve this concrete cross compilation problem. As far =
as I understand, the goal is to obtain some compile time values such as #de=
fine constants and field offsets for the target platform. This does not in =
fact require to run anything on the cross compilation target. In configurat=
or, we have a primitive C_define.import to extract this inform=
ation. The end result is that these configurator scripts are completely com=
patible with cross compilation.





Perhaps this could be generalized to work with ctypes generators as well?





Funny bit of trivia: The hack in configurator required to do this is in fac=
t something I extracted from ctypes itself. The original author is whitequark, who in turn wrote it to =
make ctypes itself amendable to cross compilation.











emillon then added







This does not in fact require to run anything on the cross compilation targ=
et. In configurator, we have a primitive C_define.import to ex=
tract this information. The end result is that these configurator scripts a=
re completely compatible with cross compilation.







If anybody wants to know more about this bit, I wrote an article about this=
 last year:
https://dune.bu=
ild/blog/configurator-constants/















Upcoming breaking change in Base/Core v0.14





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/upcoming-breaking-change=
-in-base-core-v0-14/4806








bcc32 announced





We=E2=80=99re changing functions in Base that used to use the polymorphic
variant type [ `Fst of 'a | `Snd of 'b ] to use ('a, 'b)=
 Either.t
instead. As well as enabling the use of all of the functions in the
Either module, this makes the functions consistent with other
functions that already use Either.t, (currently just
Set.symmetric_diff)





The following functions=E2=80=99 types will change:



    

  • Result.ok_fst
    • 

  • List.partition_map
    • 

  • Map.partition_map, Map.partition_mapi
    • 

  • Hashtbl.partition_map, Hashtbl.partition_mapi=

    • 





The type of List.partition3_map will not change:




val partition3_map
  :  'a t
  -> f:('a -> [ `Fst of 'b | `Snd of 'c | `Trd of 'd ])
  -> 'b t * 'c t * 'd t





We don=E2=80=99t have a generic ternary variant, and it doesn=E2=80=99t see=
m worth it
to mint one just for this purpose.





Since this change is pretty straightforward, we expect that a simple find/r=
eplace will be sufficient to update any affected call sites.















CI/CD Pipelines: Monad, Arrow or Dart?





Archive: https://roscidus.com/blog/blog/2019/11/14/cicd-pipelines/








Thomas Leonard announced





In this post I describe three approaches to building a language for writing=
 CI/CD pipelines. My first attempt used a monad, but this prevented static =
analysis of the pipelines. I then tried using an arrow, but found the synta=
x very difficult to use. Finally, I ended up using a light-weight alternati=
ve to arrows that I will refer to here as a dart (I don=E2=80=99t know if t=
his has a name already). This allows for static analysis like an arrow, but=
 has a syntax even simpler than a monad.





https=
://roscidus.com/blog/blog/2019/11/14/cicd-pipelines/















Use of functors to approximate F# statically resolved type par=
ameters





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/use-of-functors-to-approximate-f-statically-resolved-type-parameters/4782<=
/a>








cmxa asked





I am learning OCaml coming from F#. In F#, to calculate the average of an a=
rray whose element type supports addition and division, one can write




let inline average (arr: 'a[]) : 'a
    when ^a : (static member DivideByInt : ^a * int -> ^a)
    and  ^a : (static member (+) : ^a * ^a -> ^a)
    and  ^a : (static member Zero : ^a)
    =3D
    if Array.length arr =3D 0 then (LanguagePrimitives.GenericZero) else
    LanguagePrimitives.DivideByInt (Array.fold (+) (LanguagePrimitives.Gene=
ricZero) arr) (Array.length arr)





My understanding is that in OCaml, one would have a module type like so:






module type Averagable =
=3D sig
  type 'a t

  val divide_by_int : 'a -> int -> 'a
  val plus : 'a -> 'a -> 'a
  val zero : 'a
end







My question is how the corresponding function would be written:






let average arr =3D
  ???













smolkaj replied





First, Averagable should look like this:






module type Averagable =
=3D sig
  type t
  val divide_by_int : t -> int -> t
  val plus : t -> t -> t
  val zero : t
end







Then average will look something like this:






let average (type t) =
(module A : Averagable with type t =3D t) (arr : t array) : t =3D
  Array.fold ~init:A.zero ~f:A.plus arr







(The code above uses Jane Street=E2=80=99s Base/Core library.)











ivg then added





While @smolkaj=E2=80=99s answer is a correct and direct implementation of y=
our F# code, it might be nicer if your code can interplay with existing abs=
tractions in the OCaml infrastructure. For example,






open Base

let average (type a) (module T : Floatable.S with type t =3D a) xs =3D
  Array.fold ~init:0. ~f:(fun s x -> s +. T.to_float x) xs /.
  Float.of_int (Array.length xs)







and now it could be used with any existing numeric data in Base/Core






average (modul=
e Int) [|1;2;3;4|];;
- : Base.Float.t =3D 2.5







and even adapted to non-numbers,






let average_length =3D a=
verage (module struct
    include String
    let to_float x =3D Float.of_int (String.length x)
    let of_float _ =3D assert false
  end)







The latter example shows that we requested more interface than need, a cost=
 that we have to pay for using an existing definition. In cases when it mat=
ters, you can specify the specific interface, e.g.,






module type Floatable =
=3D sig
  type t
  val to_float : t -> float
end

let average (type a) (module T : Floatable with type t =3D a) xs =3D
  Array.fold ~init:0. ~f:(fun s x -> s +. T.to_float x) xs /.
  Float.of_int (Array.length xs)







But we reached the point where using first class modules is totally unneces=
sary. Our interface has only one function, so the following definition of a=
verage, is much more natural






let average xs ~f =3D
  Array.fold ~init:0. ~f:(fun s x -> s +. f x) xs /.
  Float.of_int (Array.length xs)







it has type 'a array -> f:('a -> float) -> float and =
computes an average of f x_i for all elements in the array.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 03 to 10, 20=
19.









Internships at Nomadic-labs





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/internship-at-nomadic-labs/4819








Julien Tesson announced





Nomadic Labs is currently looking for students with an interest
in functional programming for internships that would take place in our
offices in Paris or Grenoble.





We have a catalog of internships topics available at [1]
The internships topics are mainly addressed to master student but
other well motivated application will be considered.





A first selection phase on received r=C3=A9sum=C3=A9 will occur on december=
 15th.
Please contact us at contact@nomadic-labs.com by specifying which
topics in the catalog you're interested in.





[1]: h=
ttps://nomadic-labs.com/download/internship_catalog.pdf





Please, feel free to redistribute widely.















Interesting OCaml Articles





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interesting-ocaml-articles/1867/57








james woodyatt announced





Found on Lobste.rs: Mark Karpov writes yet another Haskell vs. OCaml for old =
time's sake. I found it worth a read and a mention here.





p.s. He spends a bit of time in the intro lamenting the lack of a conventio=
nal Unicode string library for OCaml, and I feel that pain acutely, especia=
lly since I'm the author of an unconventional one, i.e. the Ucs=
_text module in my Orsett=
o project.















Next OUPS meetup December 18th 2019





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2019-12/msg00009.html=









Bruno Bernardo announced





The OUPS meetup is back. The next one will take place on Wednesday,
December 18, 7pm at IRILL on the Jussieu campus. As usual, we will
have a few talks, followed by pizzas and drinks.





The talks will be the following:







And possibly a third talk. Contact us if you want to present
something, especially if you have a small project you want to show in
10-15min.





To register, or for more information, go here:
https://www=
.meetup.com/ocaml-paris/events/267019458





Registration is required! Access is not guaranteed after 7pm if
you're not registered. (It also helps us to order the right amount of
food.)





Access map:

IRILL - Universit=C3=A9 Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)

Barre 15-16 1er =C3=A9tage

4 Place Jussieu

75005 Paris

https://www.irill.org/p=
ages/access.html















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 10 to 17, 20=
19.









Is there a good way to encode linear types in OCaml?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/is-there-a-goo=
d-way-to-encode-linear-types-in-ocaml/1292/7








Continuing this old thread, Konstantin Olkhovskiy sai=
d





I've stumbled upon a library that implements linear types for OCaml, using =
monads, lens and some ppx to make it more lightweight. Might be of interest=
: https://github.com/keigoi/=
linocaml











Anton Kochkov added





It is the part of even more interesting system - OCaml MPST (Multiparty Session Types) See the
slides.











Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni then said





(The paper linked on that page is dated 2011/2014. In case anyone wonders w=
hether the authors have found a time machine in a barn to be able to cite p=
apers from 2018, there just seems to be an
error in the preparation. It is freshly published, and a PDF with correct d=
ates is available here.)















Arch Linux installer written in OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/arch-linux-installer-writte=
n-in-ocaml/4388/12








Darren announced





I'm doing a short update here as Oali has seen some significant changes. Th=
is update is also the last one here to avoid being too annoying, and also s=
ince I won't be add too much new stuff to Oali
in foreseeable future.





Major changes since last time



    

  • SaltStack files and script files (or profiles) now live in a separate <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/darrenldl/oali-profiles">repo

      

    • Oali accepts custom profile repo URL to facilitate using your own SaltS=
tack files without forking Oali itself
      • 

    • 

  • Semi self-documentation

      

    • Added mechanism to facilitate inline documentation inside oali.ml=
 itself
      • 

    • The generated markdown doc is stored as OALI_DOC in repo, it lists all t=
he steps (or tasks) Oali does, along with descriptions
      • 

    • 

  • Added LVM support

      

    • Works with all 3 disk layouts, and encryption
      • 

    • See here for details on added logical volumes
      • 

    • 

  • Answer remembering of dialogues when appropriate

      

    • Relatively static answers (e.g. hostname, whether to use encryption, LV=
M) are stored in oali_answers directory, with a JSON file for =
each task
      • 

    • The "answer store" can be used in new session of Oali. The old answer s=
tore is wiped accordingly if user changes their answer.
      • 

    • 

  • Added SSH server setup and public key transfer code (ported from old se=
rver bash script)

      

    • See here for details
      • 

    • Mainly useful for when you have (virtual) console access to live CD/Oal=
i install screen, and want to add needed public key to the user's .ss=
h/authorized_keys via network instead of loading from physical mediu=
m
      • 

    • 





I've used Oali to install in various configurations in past couple of days,=
 and have yet to notice major defects. That being said, exercise caution as=
 you would for installing an OS.















batteries batteries.2.11.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-batteries-batteries-2-11-0/4871=
/1








UnixJunkie announced





The latest 2.x release of batteries is available in opam.
OCaml batteries included is a community maintained extended standard librar=
y.





http=
s://github.com/ocaml-batteries-team/batteries-included





The API documentation is hosted here:
https://ocaml-batteries-team.github.io/batteries-included/hdoc2/





Here is the changelog:



v2.11.0 (minor release)

This minor release fixes a few bugs or interface mismatch with OCaml stdlib,
and is compatible with BER MetaOCaml.

This is the last planned release of the v2 series.
Next planned release (v3.0.0) will introduce some API changes.

Notable changes:

    Add Unix.with_locked_file
    #904
    (Simon Cruanes, Cedric Cellier, review by Francois Berenger)

    Build with -strict-sequence
    #927
    (Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=A9neau, review by Francois Berenger)

    Add Legacy.Result for OCaml >=3D 4.8.0
    #913
    (Cedric Cellier, review by Francois Berenger)

    Remove BatOo
    #915
    (Cedric Cellier, review by Francois Berenger)

    Add BatFilename
    #910
    (Cedric Cellier, review by Francois Berenger)

    Make batteries usable with BER MetaOCaml
    #909
    (Cedric Cellier, review by Francois Berenger and Gabriel Scherer)

    Unix.sleepf is provided across all OCaml versions;
    previously it was only for OCaml >=3D 4.03.0
    #930
    (Francois Berenger, review by Cedric Cellier)















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 17 to 31, 20=
19.





Sorry for the hiatus last week, I was away with no internet
access. Happy new year!









Internships at Be Sport (OCaml, Ocsigen)





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2019-12/msg00023.html=









Be Sport announced





Be Sport currently has several open internship positions for OCaml
developers.





Keywords: OCaml, Ocsigen, Mobile app development, Web, Database, Sport,
Social networks





Be Sport develops the first global platform dedicated to sport, in
collaboration with prominent actors of sport in France and in the world.
All our development is done in OCaml. Our Web and mobile apps (iOS,
Android) are developed as a multi-tier app using the Ocsigen framework.
Our premises are located in the center of Paris.





Please contact me for more information.















ocaml-lsp preview





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-preview/4876/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





I'm excited to announce ocam=
l-lsp. This project contains an implementation of an LSP server for the=
 OCaml language. The current implementation piggy backs on the widely succe=
ssful
merlin tool to provide comp=
letion & type inference. In the future, we'd like to use all other esse=
ntial tools such as ocamlformat, odoc, dune to provide more functionality i=
n your editors.





For now, the project isn't yet available on opam as we're still polishing s=
ome rough edges in the release process. Nevertheless, I invite all brave so=
uls who are ready to experiment to give this lsp server a try. Your feedbac=
k &
contributions are most welcome :slight_smile:











UnixJunkie asked and Anton Kochkov replied







This project looks nice.





If I am an Emacs or Vi user, can I take advantage of an LSP server?





Or, is this only for some new editors like Atom or VScode?







@UnixJunkie of course! That's the whole point of this tooling.





For Vim you can choose between:






I am not an Emacs expert, but there is amazing LSP integration too:








3D"b8acd745527e=













Pau Ruiz Safont said





Neovim 0.5.0 (now pre-released) has native LSP support as well: https://github.com/neovim/neov=
im/pull/11336





Not sure how well integrated is it going to be with various plugins (example)











Anton Kochkov added





NeoVim 0.5.0 will also include the tree-sitter parser for syntax highlighting, which will a=
llow way better coloring. And tree-sitter already has OCaml
grammar, so implementing semantics-aware syntax highlighter will be eas=
ier. But I expect the support more or less ready for external contributions=
 only in 0.6.0, sadly. Integrating
the tool with something like GitHub Semantic (Haskell alert) will greatly improve OCaml expe=
rience on GitHub too, see the corresponding issue.











Pieter Goetschalckx said





The next step for Semantic support is documented here, =
but I'm working on some
improv=
ements of the tree-sitter parser first.











Carlos D'Agostino said





For Emacs there is also eglot: https://github.com/joaotavora/eglot – As the RE=
ADME says, it's quite minimalist compared to lsp-mode.















Reproducible builds with OCaml / opam and MirageOS





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/reproducible-buil=
ds-with-ocaml-opam-and-mirageos/4877/1








Hannes Mehnert announced





I wrote up recent developments about reproducible builds with opam –=
 including some tooling https://hannes.nqsb.io/Posts/ReproducibleOPAM





Thanks to everyone involved in the effort to get OCaml and opam determinist=
ic






The journey is not yet finished, we're in a pretty good shape, but further =
testing and tooling is needed to expose the information "is my library repr=
oducible?" to OCaml developers.





I'm interested in feedback, please let us discuss this further here in case=
 you're interested. :D











Anil Madhavapeddy added





An absolutely amazing cross-layer effort; well done on pushing all this thr=
ough @hannes!  I really enjoyed reading the minutes of the Paris summit las=
t year: https://reproducible-builds.org/events/paris2018/repor=
t/#Toc11681_331763073















the OCaml Software Foundation





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-the-ocaml-software-foundati=
on/4476/13








Continuing this thread, gasche announced





A small report on the actions that we launched since my initial posting.





(There was also some progress on the "enabling individual donations" front,=
 maybe something will be possible in the next few months. Don't start holdi=
ng your breath yet.)




    

  • We are funding the "Leafs" research project in Lisbon to develop teachi=
ng material for theoretical-computer-science courses (automata and stuff) i=
n OCaml, with interactive visualization components, some of which will hope=
fully be integrated in the Learn-OCaml platform over the course of 2020/2021.
    • 

  • We provide funding for the Gallium=
/Cambium research team at INRIA Paris (France), an active place for OCa=
ml-related fundamental research (some of the team members are also very act=
ive on the implementation front, for example Xavier Leroy, Damien Doligez, =
Florian @octachron Angeletti, and S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer).
    • 

  • We sponsor the SWERC progr=
amming contest for 2019-2020, and in return the contest added OCaml to the =
list of available languages. Most participants to these competitive-program=
ming events use C++, but we talked to past and active participants who said=
 they would be interested in using OCaml on some problems with more symboli=
c computation.
    • 

  • Over the course of the 4.10 release process, we are funding work by @ki=
t-ty-kate to have a wide look at the ecosystem and improve compatibility wi=
th the upcoming release. (I believe that the upstream PR #9176 is a first result of this effo=
rt.)
    • 

  • In reaction to the Discourse thread Suggestions for OCaml documen=
tation, we are planning to fund further work by @sanette to experiment =
with the HTML rendering of the OCaml manual, in coordination with @octachro=
n to try to upstream improvements when reasonably possible.
    • 

  • We got in touch with the Owl project to sponsor a development=
 sprint in 2020.
    • 















soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-soupault-a-static-website-generator-based-on-html-rewriting/4126/10








Daniil Baturin announced





Made a 1.7.0 release.





First improvement is that you now can pipe the content of any element throu=
gh any external program with preprocess_element widget (PR by =
Martin Karlsson).
For example, insert inline SVG versions of all graphviz graphs from &=
lt;pre class=3D"language-graphviz"> and also highlight the Dot so=
urce itself with highlight (or any ot=
her tool of your choice):




[widgets.graphviz-svg]
  widget =3D 'preprocess_element'
  selector =3D 'pre.language-graphviz'
  command =3D 'dot -Tsvg'
  action =3D 'insert_after'

[widgets.highlight]
  after =3D "graphviz-svg"
  widget =3D "preprocess_element"
  selector =3D '*[class^=3D"language-"]'
  command =3D 'highlight -O html -f --syntax=3D$(echo $ATTR_CLASS | sed -e =
"s/language-//")'
  action =3D "replace_content" # default







3D"a4d8cc05d656=







Two other improvements are multiple index "views" and default value option =
for custom index fields, like



[index.custom_fields]
  category =3D { selector =3D "span#category", default =3D "Misc" }















Release of owl-symbolic 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/announce-release-of-owl-sym=
bolic-0-1-0/4930/1








jrzhao42 announced





We are please to release owl-symbolic 0.1.0. It fully supports defining a computation gr=
aph and running on accelerators (TPU/GPU) via =
ONNX specification. It also aims
to support converting an Owl computation graph into symbolic representation=
 and then to ONNX model. The module also has some cool features like conver=
ting a computation graph into LaTeX string, and then showing the result in =
a web UI,
etc.





We implements a full neural network module atop of it (the interface of whi=
ch is basically identical to that in Owl's core). It turns out that the des=
ign of owl-symbolic is so nice that the DNN module only has 17=
9 LOC! You can easily
define popular DNN architectures such as Inception, ResNet, VGG, etc. just =
like in Owl.





This is still an on-going project and a lot remains to be done. Despite its=
 name, owl-symbolic does not do any useful computer algebra (C=
AS) stuff at the moment, but CAS is indeed on our TODO.





For more information, please check out the related section in Owl tutorial book.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 31, 2019
to January 07, 2020.

Table of Contents
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=80

ocaml-lsp preview
Mkocaml Release - Project generator
Garbage Collection, Side-effects and Purity
A Lightweight OCaml Webapp Tutorial (Using Opium, Caqti, and Tyxml)
Release of owl-symbolic 0.1.0
Static lifetime
Old CWN


ocaml-lsp preview
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  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k said
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here is an example with ALE and Neovim (tested with v0.3.8):
  =E2=80=A2 Install the [Ale] plugin. If your Vim has support for packages =
(Vim
    8+ or Neovim) you can simply clone it in the correct subdir, no need
    for a plugin manager: `git clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git
    .vim/pack/my-plugins/start/ale'
  =E2=80=A2 Add this to your .vimrc:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 " only invoke merlin to check for errors when
  =E2=94=82 " exiting insert mode, not on each keystroke.
  =E2=94=82 let g:ale_lint_on_text_changed=3D"never"
  =E2=94=82 let g:ale_lint_on_insert_leave=3D1
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 " enable ALE's internal completion if deoplete is not used
  =E2=94=82 let g:ale_completion_enabled=3D1
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 " only pop up completion when stopped typing for ~0.5s,
  =E2=94=82 " to avoid distracting when completion is not needed
  =E2=94=82 let g:ale_completion_delay=3D500
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 " see ale-completion-completeopt-bug
  =E2=94=82 set completeopt=3Dmenu,menuone,preview,noselect,noinsert
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 if has('packages')
  =E2=94=82     packloadall
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     " This should be part of ALE itself, like ols.vim
  =E2=94=82     call ale#linter#Define('ocaml',{
  =E2=94=82                 \ 'name':'ocaml-lsp',
  =E2=94=82                 \ 'lsp': 'stdio',
  =E2=94=82                 \ 'executable': 'ocamllsp',
  =E2=94=82                 \ 'command': '%e',
  =E2=94=82                 \ 'project_root': function('ale#handlers#ols#Ge=
tProjectRoot')
  =E2=94=82                 \})
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     " remap 'gd' like Merlin would
  =E2=94=82     nmap  gd  (ale_go_to_definition_in_sp=
lit)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     " go back
  =E2=94=82     nnoremap  gb 
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     " show list of file:line:col of references for symbol under=
 cursor
  =E2=94=82     nmap  go :ALEFindReferences -r=
elative
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     " Show documentation if available, and type
  =E2=94=82     nmap  hh (ale_hover)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     " So I can type ,hh. More convenient than \hh.
  =E2=94=82     nmap , 
  =E2=94=82     vmap , 
  =E2=94=82 endif
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[Ale] 


Mkocaml Release - Project generator
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  Archive:
  


Chris Nevers announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I recently created a tool to generate OCaml projects. I constantly
  have difficulties with dune commands and setting up opam files,
  etc. Mkocaml generates a dune project with inline tests, opam file,
  git repository, git ignore, and a Makefile with easy commands. This
  tool can be of great help to newcomers, allowing them to get up and
  running faster!

  


Garbage Collection, Side-effects and Purity
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=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerard asked
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  GC =3D Garbage Collection

  GC, in a pure program, is a point that's always confused me. I always
  understood that freeing memory from a program was impure and would
  create side-effects but it seems it doesn't matter if the program is
  remove from all consequences of those impure acts and side-effects.

  Basically, if any memory block has no remaining references in the
  program, then freeing that block will have no consequences on the
  running program so its allowed to happen behind the scenes..

  Is this correct reasoning?


Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni replied
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80

  To answer your question =E2=80=9Cdoes de-allocation creates a side-effect=
?=E2=80=9D:

  To state the obvious: if you care about the memory consumption of your
  program, then you care about the side-effect of de-allocation, and
  this indeed voids purity.

  A language like OCaml lets you reason about de-allocation. Memory is
  collected when values are no longer reachable. Like in other
  languages, 1) a value that does not escape and goes out of scope will
  get collected, and 2) you can reason about when a value escapes and
  goes out of scope thanks to OCaml respecting the strict evaluation
  order of value types. OCaml (like other compiled languages) is in fact
  more precise: it ties the dynamic notion of reachability to the
  lexical notion of variable occurrence. For instance, in the following:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let x =3D get_huge_data () in
  =E2=94=82 let z =3D long_running_function x in
  =E2=94=82 f z
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  OCaml will be able to collect the value in `x' before `x' goes out of
  scope, and thus if possible before `long_running_function'
  returns. Indeed, OCaml performs liveness analysis during compilation,
  and records the information about variable occurrences in frame
  descriptors, for consumption by the GC when it scans for roots. In
  fact, you can rely on call-by-value operational semantics to (loosely)
  reason that a value no longer appears in a program, and therefore that
  the corresponding memory will be collected by the GC=C2=B9 ([Morrisett,
  Felleisen and Harper, "Abstract Models of Memory Management"]). Of
  course, using lazy or higher-order interfaces (when closures escape;
  with many idioms they do not) will make it harder to reason about the
  lifetime of values.

  (=C2=B9: For OCaml, this is a conjecture I make, for subsets which could =
be
  given such operational semantics, and only for native
  compilation. Morrisett, Felleisen and Harper's semantics obviously
  assumes that the results of liveness analysis are made available to
  the GC, but this is not written, nor is there any mention of the link
  between liveness analysis and accuracy of garbage collection in
  Appel's "Modern Compiler Implementation in C". I assume that it was
  part of folklore at the time, though recently I mentioned it to some
  functional PL researcher and they seemed surprised. I only found it
  explicitly mentioned in later papers from the OOP community. I checked
  that everything seems in place for OCaml to allow such reasoning, but
  only the authors of the original code, @xavierleroy and
  @damiendoligez, can tell us if this is intended to be part of the
  language semantics.)

  Furthermore, memory is not collected immediately when a value becomes
  unreachable. Instead:

  =E2=80=A2 Short-lived values are allocated contiguously and deallocated i=
n a
    batch, so that allocating and deallocating short-lived values is
    very cheap, with additional benefits in terms of cache
    locality. This replaces stack allocation from languages with
    explicit memory management.

  =E2=80=A2 Longer-lived values are moved to a heap that is scanned
    incrementally, to ensure a bounded latency. In contrast, naive
    reference-counting and unique pointers from C++/Rust make you pay
    the cost of deallocation up-front.

  While this is essential for understanding the performance of OCaml
  programs, from the point of view of deallocation-as-an-effect, the
  delaying of the collection of unreachable memory can be seen as a
  runtime optimisation, that does not change the effectful status of
  deallocation (the memory still gets freed). [The intuition is that an
  effect can support some degree of reordering without requiring purity,
  as illustrated by strong monads which can be commutative without being
  idempotent, one possible definition of purity for semanticists.]

  But is de-allocation an effect _in practice_? Faced with the
  scepticism and misunderstandings from this thread, I emit two
  hypotheses:

  1) Memory consumption is not an issue in functional programming, for
     application areas that interest functional programmers.

  2) Memory management in OCaml is efficient in such a way that
     programmers do not need to think about it in their day-to-day
     programming activities in those terms.

  Hypothesis 2) could be explained for instance if OCaml programmers are
  already dealing with effects and thinking about the order in which
  their code executes (my experience), and are only used to deal with
  deallocation as an afterthought, e.g. when chasing leaks with a
  profiler.

  Let us turn towards two programming language experiments from the
  1990's that allow me to reject hypothesis 1). Both show what happens
  when one denies the status of deallocation as an effect controlled by
  the programmer.

  =E2=80=A2 Region-based memory management consisted in allocating in a sta=
ck of
    memory _regions_ deallocated at once, and determined by a
    whole-program static analysis. Now regarded as a failed idea but
    successful experiment (i.e. good science!), it taught us a lot about
    the structure of functional programs in relationship to memory
    management ([see this retrospective]). There were some good
    performance results, but also pathological cases _=E2=80=9Cwhere lifeti=
mes
    were not nested or where higher-order functions were used
    extensively=E2=80=9D_, sometimes requiring them to be altered to be _=
=E2=80=9Cregion
    friendly=E2=80=9D_, which was _=E2=80=9Ctime-consuming=E2=80=9D_ and re=
quired knowledge of
    the inference algorithm. In addition, the regions changed
    unpredictably when the programs evolved, and memory leaks appeared
    when the compiler inferred too wide regions.

  =E2=80=A2 Haskell was (at the time) an experiment with lazy functional
    programming. Pervasive laziness prevents reasoning about the
    lifetime of values, and purity is a central assumption used by the
    compiler for program transformations, which is antithetical with
    reasoning about deallocation as an effect. It is well-known that
    naive Haskell code has issues with memory leaks, and that realistic
    Haskell programs have to follow "best practices" to avoid leaks, by
    making extensive use of strictness annotations (e.g. bang
    patterns). Unfortunately, I found it hard to find reliable academic
    sources about lessons drawn from the experiment like the RBMM
    retrospective. The best I could find on the topic of memory leaks is
    the following blog post:
    , from a Haskell
    programmer who wrote in another post (linked from that one) _=E2=80=9CMy
    suspicion is that many (most?) large Haskell programs have space
    leaks, but they often go unnoticed=E2=80=9D_. This is consistent with
    comments I received from people with Haskell experience (first-hand,
    one academic and one industrial) and about an industrial Haskell
    consultant (second-hand) who reportedly commented that their main
    job was to fix memory leaks (but maybe in jest). Of course, take
    this with a grain of salt. At least, I believe that the Haskell
    academic community has accumulated empirical evidence of the extent
    and manner in which deallocation voids purity assumptions. Having an
    authoritative source about it would be pretty important to me, given
    the initial promises of functional programs being more tractable
    mathematically specifically via =E2=80=9Creferential transparency=E2=80=
=9D and
    independence of execution order, whose theoretical justification
    already looks shaky to me from a semantic point of view. Some parts
    of the literature continues to promise far-reaching consequences of
    equational reasoning, without clear statements of limitation of the
    application domain. I have the impression that the Haskell which is
    practiced in the real world is very different from what you can read
    in some academic papers.

  The hypothesis that deallocation matters as an effect, and that ML
  makes it easy to program and reason about effects, seems to me a
  strong argument explaining OCaml's predictable and competitive
  performance.

  So, thank you for your healthy scepticism.


[Morrisett, Felleisen and Harper, "Abstract Models of Memory
Management"] 

[see this retrospective]



Xavier Leroy replied
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Concerning the "don't scan local variables that are dead" trick:

  =E2=80=A2 Technically it is not "intended to be part of the language
    semantics" because the bytecode compiler (ocamlc) doesn't implement
    it, only the native-code compiler (ocamlopt).

  =E2=80=A2 As far as I remember, I reinvented this trick circa 1993, but it
    seems it was used earlier in the Lazy ML compiler by Augustsson and
    Johnsson. See Appel and Shao's paper "An Empirical and Analytic
    Study of Stack vs. Heap Cost for Languages with Closures", JFP,
    1996, end of section 5.


Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni the asked
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  TL;DR: the paper mentioned by @xavierleroy provides additional
  references regarding the importance of liveness analysis for GC,
  including a demonstration by Appel that this actually matters for
  space complexity (thanks!). I find that a link is still missing with
  an abstract semantics =C3=A0 la Morrisett, Felleisen & Harper. This seems
  important to me because more theoretical works about time & space
  complexity in the lambda-calculus seem to take for granted that
  garbage collection implements something like the latter (i.e., how
  does one specify and certify that a compiler is sound for space
  complexity?).


Xavier Leroy replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  See for example [Closure Conversion is Safe for Space], by Zoe
  Paraskevopoulou and Andrew W. Appel, ICFP 2019.


[Closure Conversion is Safe for Space]



A Lightweight OCaml Webapp Tutorial (Using Opium, Caqti, and Tyxml)
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=90

  Archive:
  


Shon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The tutorial is [hosted on gitlab pages], out of [this repository].

  I put this together in response to some requests for introductory
  material on the topic (here and on [/r/ocaml]. I don't have much
  expertise to offer in this area, but I had hacked together some simple
  servers based on Opium in the past few months, so it seemed like I
  should be able to memorialize some of what I learned for the benefit
  of others. I received some critical guidance by the Opium maintainers,
  rgrinberg and anuragsoni, and from other resources online (mentioned
  at the end of the tutorial).

  Any feedback or improvements are welcome: this is my first time
  writing such lengthy instructional material, and I'm sure there's lots
  of room to make it better.


[hosted on gitlab pages] 

[this repository] 

[/r/ocaml] 


Release of owl-symbolic 0.1.0
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jrzhao42 announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  The Owl tutorial book URL address is now changed to:
  .


Static lifetime
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Andr=C3=A9 asked and Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni replied
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  > Is it possible to =E2=80=9Cstatically=E2=80=9D allocate a value? By thi=
s I mean mark
    a value such that it gets ignored by the GC and lives until the
    program exits?

  This is indeed the purpose of Ancient, which comes with limitations
  and does not allow you to reclaim the memory until you exit the
  program. (I am curious to know how well it works with recent OCaml
  versions.)

  > it would be really interesting to learn whether Ocaml forbids blocks
    outside the heap.

  The OCaml runtime has two modes (chosen at compilation) for dealing
  with so-called "out-of-heap" pointers. In the legacy one that Chet
  remembers, the GC uses a page table when scanning to be able to tell
  which pointers it possesses. In the "no-naked-pointers" mode devised
  more recently for efficiency reasons, the page table is replaced by
  looking at the colour in the header of the dereferenced
  value. Out-of-heap values must be preceded by a header with colour
  black. The no-naked-pointer mode is more restricted, because once a
  static value is referenced, it can no longer be deallocated, as you
  never know whether it is still reachable by the GC. This should be
  enough to support Ancient.

  > One should verify such intuitions experimentally, before trying to
    fix them, but I=E2=80=99m not familiar with what OCaml profilers can do=
=E2=80=A6

  Excluding large long-lived data from the GC is an old idea. Among
  recent developments, Nguyen et al. [1] distinguish a "control path"
  (where the generational hypothesis is assumed to hold) from a "data
  path" (where values are assumed to follow an "epochal" behaviour
  (long-lived, similar lifetimes, benefit from locality), and are
  excluded from GC). They give as motivation so-called "big data" and as
  figures of pathological GC usage up to 50% of total runtime. I
  remember reading similar figures from blog posts about large data sets
  in OCaml. In reality this indeed depends on knobs you can turn on your
  GC that can result in increased peak memory usage among
  others. (Assuming infinite available memory, it is even possible to
  let the GC share drop to 0%.)

  @ppedrot reported to me that in a recent experiment with Coq, using an
  Ancient-like trick to exclude some large, long-lived and
  rarely-accessed values from being scanned (namely serialising them
  into bigarrays), they saw an 8% performance improvement across the
  board in benchmarks.

  Multicore, if I understood correctly, aims to support only the
  no-naked-pointer mode, and I am not sure what the page table will
  become. Coq currently does some out-of-heap allocation in the VM, and
  has been adapted to be compatible with the no-naked-pointer mode by
  wrapping out-of-heap pointers into custom blocks. For scanning its
  custom stack (which mixes in-heap and out-of-heap values), Coq sets up
  a custom root-scanning function (`caml_scan_roots_hook`), which still
  relies on the page table.

  Note that having to wrap out-of-heap pointers in custom blocks is
  (much!) less expressive: for instance with Ancient you can call
  `List.filter` on a statically-allocated list (and correctly get a
  GC-allocated list of statically-allocated values). With custom blocks
  you cannot mix in-heap and out-of-heap values in this way.

  For a type system to deal with "statically" allocated values, have a
  look at Rust, which: 1) prevents cycles of reference-counting schemes
  thanks to uniqueness, 2) can treat GC roots as resources to deal with
  backpointers at the leaves of the value (cf. the interoperability with
  SpiderMonkey's GC in Servo). A point of view that I like is that
  tracing GCs and static allocation differ fundamentally by how they
  traverse values for collection: traversing live values for the first
  one, and traversing values at the moment of their death for the
  other. This gives them distinct advantages and drawbacks so one can
  see them as complementary. (See notably [2,3].) Static allocation is
  interesting for performance in some aspects (no tracing, no read-write
  barrier, reusability of memory cells, avoids calling the GC at
  inappropriate times), but I find it even more interesting for
  interoperability (e.g. exchanging values freely with C or Rust, or
  [applications from that other thread]). It is natural to want to mix
  them in a language.

  As far as I understand, developing the runtime capabilities for OCaml
  to deal with out-of-heap pointers without resorting to an expensive
  page table is an engineering problem, not a fundamental one. If anyone
  is interested in this, please contact me.

  [1] Nguyen et al., [Yak : A High-Performance Big-Data-Friendly Garbage
  Collector], 2016

  [2] Bacon, Cheng and Rajan, [A Unified Theory of Garbage Collection],
  2004

  [3] Shahriyar, Blackburn and Frampton, [Down for the Count? Getting
  Reference Counting Back in the Ring], 2012


[applications from that other thread]


[Yak : A High-Performance Big-Data-Friendly Garbage Collector]


[A Unified Theory of Garbage Collection]


[Down for the Count? Getting Reference Counting Back in the Ring]



UnixJunkie also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If you can store your long-leaved data into a bigarray, I think you
  would reach the effect that you were looking for (no more GC scanning
  of this data).

  This was once advised to me by Oleg, for some performance-critical
  section of some code.


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 31, 2019 to =
January 07, 2020.









ocaml-lsp preview





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-preview/4876/15








Continuing this thread, Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k said




Here is an example with ALE and Neovim (tested with v0.3.8):



    

  • Install the Ale p=
lugin. If your Vim has support for packages (Vim 8+ or Neovim) you can simp=
ly clone it in the correct subdir, no need for a plugin manager: git =
clone https://github.com/w0rp/ale.git .vim/pack/my-plugins/start/ale=

    • 

  • Add this to your .vimrc:
    • 




" only invoke merlin to check for errors when
" exiting insert mode, not on each keystroke.
let g:ale_lint_on_text_changed=3D"never"
let g:ale_lint_on_insert_leave=3D1

" enable ALE's internal completion if deoplete is not used
let g:ale_completion_enabled=3D1

" only pop up completion when stopped typing for ~0.5s,
" to avoid distracting when completion is not needed
let g:ale_completion_delay=3D500

" see ale-completion-completeopt-bug
set completeopt=3Dmenu,menuone,preview,noselect,noinsert

if has('packages')
    packloadall

    " This should be part of ALE itself, like ols.vim
    call ale#linter#Define('ocaml',{
                \ 'name':'ocaml-lsp',
                \ 'lsp': 'stdio',
                \ 'executable': 'ocamllsp',
                \ 'command': '%e',
                \ 'project_root': function('ale#handlers#ols#GetProjectRoot=
')
                \})

    " remap 'gd' like Merlin would
    nmap <silent><buffer> gd  <Plug>(ale_go_to_definition=
_in_split)<CR>

    " go back
    nnoremap <silent> <LocalLeader>gb <C-O>

    " show list of file:line:col of references for symbol under cursor
    nmap <silent><buffer> <LocalLeader>go :ALEFindReferen=
ces -relative<CR>

    " Show documentation if available, and type
    nmap <silent><buffer> <LocalLeader>hh <Plug>(al=
e_hover)<CR>

    " So I can type ,hh. More convenient than \hh.
    nmap , <LocalLeader>
    vmap , <LocalLeader>
endif















Mkocaml Release - Project generator





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mkocaml-release-project-generato=
r/4949/1








Chris Nevers announced





I recently created a tool to generate OCaml projects. I constantly have dif=
ficulties with dune commands and setting up opam files, etc. Mkocaml genera=
tes a dune project with inline tests, opam file, git repository, git ignore=
, and a
Makefile with easy commands. This tool can be of great help to newcomers, a=
llowing them to get up and running faster!





https://github.com/chris=
nevers/mkocaml















Garbage Collection, Side-effects and Purity





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/garbage-collection-side=
-effects-and-purity/4737/1








Gerard asked





GC =3D Garbage Collection





GC, in a pure program, is a point that's always confused me. I always under=
stood that freeing memory from a program was impure and would create side-e=
ffects but it seems it doesn't matter if the program is remove from all con=
sequences of those impure acts and side-effects.





Basically, if any memory block has no remaining references in the program, =
then freeing that block will have no consequences on the running program so=
 its allowed to happen behind the scenes..





Is this correct reasoning?











Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni replied





To answer your question =E2=80=9Cdoes de-allocation creates a side-effect?=
=E2=80=9D:





To state the obvious: if you care about the memory consumption of your prog=
ram, then you care about the side-effect of de-allocation, and this indeed =
voids purity.





A language like OCaml lets you reason about de-allocation. Memory is collec=
ted when values are no longer reachable. Like in other languages, 1) a valu=
e that does not escape and goes out of scope will get collected, and 2) you=
 can reason about when a value escapes and goes out of scope thanks to OCam=
l respecting the strict evaluation order of value types. OCaml (like other =
compiled languages) is in fact more precise: it ties the dynamic notion of =
reachability to the lexical notion of variable occurrence. For instance, in=
 the following:






let x =3D get_huge_data =
() in
let z =3D long_running_function x in
f z







OCaml will be able to collect the value in x before x goes out of scope, and thus if possible before long_running_func=
tion returns. Indeed, OCaml performs liveness analysis during compil=
ation, and records the information about variable occurrences in frame desc=
riptors, for consumption by the GC when it scans for roots. In fact, you ca=
n rely on call-by-value operational semantics to (loosely) reason that a va=
lue no longer appears in a program, and therefore that the corresponding me=
mory will be collected by the GC=C2=B9 (Morrisett, Felleisen and Harper, "Abstract Models of Mem=
ory Management"). Of course, using lazy or higher-order interfaces (whe=
n closures escape; with many idioms they do not) will make it harder to rea=
son about the lifetime of values.





(=C2=B9: For OCaml, this is a conjecture I make, for subsets which could be=
 given such operational semantics, and only for native compilation. Morrise=
tt, Felleisen and Harper's semantics obviously assumes that the results of =
liveness analysis are made available to the GC, but this is not written, no=
r is there any mention of the link between liveness analysis and accuracy o=
f garbage collection in Appel's "Modern Compiler Implementation in C". I as=
sume that it was part of folklore at the time, though recently I mentioned =
it to some functional PL researcher and they seemed surprised. I only found=
 it explicitly mentioned in later papers from the OOP community. I checked =
that everything seems in place for OCaml to allow such reasoning, but only =
the authors of the original code, @xavierleroy and @damiendoligez, can tell=
 us if this is intended to be part of the language semantics.)





Furthermore, memory is not collected immediately when a value becomes unrea=
chable. Instead:




    

  • Short-lived values are allocated contiguously and deallocated in a batc=
h, so that allocating and deallocating short-lived values is very cheap, wi=
th additional benefits in terms of cache locality. This replaces stack allo=
cation from languages with explicit memory management.
    • 


  • Longer-lived values are moved to a heap that is scanned incrementally, =
to ensure a bounded latency. In contrast, naive reference-counting and uniq=
ue pointers from C++/Rust make you pay the cost of deallocation up-front.





While this is essential for understanding the performance of OCaml programs=
, from the point of view of deallocation-as-an-effect, the delaying of the =
collection of unreachable memory can be seen as a runtime optimisation, tha=
t does not change the effectful status of deallocation (the memory still ge=
ts freed). [The intuition is that an effect can support some degree of reor=
dering without requiring purity, as illustrated by strong monads which can =
be commutative without being idempotent, one possible definition of purity =
for semanticists.]





But is de-allocation an effect in practice=
? Faced with the scepticism and misunderstandings from this thread, I emit =
two hypotheses:




    

  1. Memory consumption is not an issue in functional programming, for appli=
cation areas that interest functional programmers.
    2. 


  2. Memory management in OCaml is efficient in such a way that programmers =
do not need to think about it in their day-to-day programming activities in=
 those terms.
    3. 





Hypothesis 2) could be explained for instance if OCaml programmers are alre=
ady dealing with effects and thinking about the order in which their code e=
xecutes (my experience), and are only used to deal with deallocation as an =
afterthought, e.g. when chasing leaks with a profiler.





Let us turn towards two programming language experiments from the 1990's th=
at allow me to reject hypothesis 1). Both show what happens when one denies=
 the status of deallocation as an effect controlled by the programmer.




    

  • Region-based memory management consisted in allocating in a stack of me=
mory regions deallocated at once, and dete=
rmined by a whole-program static analysis. Now regarded as a failed idea bu=
t successful experiment (i.e. good science!), it taught us a lot about the =
structure of functional programs in relationship to memory management (see this retrospective). There were some good performance results, bu=
t also pathological cases =E2=80=9Cwhere lifetime=
s were not nested or where higher-order functions were used extensively=E2=
=80=9D, sometimes requiring them to be altered to be =E2=80=9Cregion friendly=E2=80=9D, which was =E2=80=9Ctime-consuming=E2=80=9D and required knowled=
ge of the inference algorithm. In addition, the regions changed unpredictab=
ly when the programs evolved, and memory leaks appeared when the compiler i=
nferred too wide regions.
    • 


  • Haskell was (at the time) an experiment with lazy functional programmin=
g. Pervasive laziness prevents reasoning about the lifetime of values, and =
purity is a central assumption used by the compiler for program transformat=
ions, which is antithetical with reasoning about deallocation as an effect.=
 It is well-known that naive Haskell code has issues with memory leaks, and=
 that realistic Haskell programs have to follow "best practices" to avoid l=
eaks, by making extensive use of strictness annotations (e.g. bang patterns=
). Unfortunately, I found it hard to find reliable academic sources about l=
essons drawn from the experiment like the RBMM retrospective. The best I co=
uld find on the topic of memory leaks is the following blog post: https://queue.acm.org/de=
tail.cfm?id=3D2538488, from a Haskell programmer who wrote in another p=
ost (linked from that one) =E2=80=9CMy suspicion =
is that many (most?) large Haskell programs have space leaks, but they ofte=
n go unnoticed=E2=80=9D. This is consistent with comments I received=
 from people with Haskell experience (first-hand, one academic and one indu=
strial) and about an industrial Haskell consultant (second-hand) who report=
edly commented that their main job was to fix memory leaks (but maybe in je=
st). Of course, take this with a grain of salt. At least, I believe that th=
e Haskell academic community has accumulated empirical evidence of the exte=
nt and manner in which deallocation voids purity assumptions. Having an aut=
horitative source about it would be pretty important to me, given the initi=
al promises of functional programs being more tractable mathematically spec=
ifically via =E2=80=9Creferential transparency=E2=80=9D and independence of=
 execution order, whose theoretical justification already looks shaky to me=
 from a semantic point of view. Some parts of the literature continues to p=
romise far-reaching consequences of equational reasoning, without clear sta=
tements of limitation of the application domain. I have the impression that=
 the Haskell which is practiced in the real world is very different from wh=
at you can read in some academic papers.
    • 





The hypothesis that deallocation matters as an effect, and that ML makes it=
 easy to program and reason about effects, seems to me a strong argument ex=
plaining OCaml's predictable and competitive performance.





So, thank you for your healthy scepticism.











Xavier Leroy replied





Concerning the "don't scan local variables that are dead" trick:




    

  • Technically it is not "intended to be part of the language semantics" b=
ecause the bytecode compiler (ocamlc) doesn't implement it, only the native=
-code compiler (ocamlopt).
    • 


  • As far as I remember, I reinvented this trick circa 1993, but it seems =
it was used earlier in the Lazy ML compiler by Augustsson and Johnsson. See=
 Appel and Shao's paper "An Empirical and Analytic Study of Stack vs. Heap =
Cost for Languages with Closures", JFP, 1996, end of section 5.
    • 











Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni the asked





TL;DR: the paper mentioned by @xavierleroy provides additional references r=
egarding the importance of liveness analysis for GC, including a demonstrat=
ion by Appel that this actually matters for space complexity (thanks!). I f=
ind that a link is still missing with an abstract semantics =C3=A0 la Morri=
sett, Felleisen & Harper. This seems important to me because more theor=
etical works about time & space complexity in the lambda-calculus seem =
to take for granted that garbage collection implements something like the l=
atter (i.e., how does one specify and certify that a compiler is sound for =
space complexity?).











Xavier Leroy replied





See for example Closure Conversion is Safe for Space, by Zoe Paraskevopoul=
ou and Andrew W. Appel, ICFP 2019.















A Lightweight OCaml Webapp Tutorial (Using Opium, Caqti, and T=
yxml)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-=
lightweight-ocaml-webapp-tutorial-using-opium-caqti-and-tyxml/4967/1








Shon announced





The tutorial is hoste=
d on gitlab pages, out of this repository.





I put this together in response to some requests for introductory material =
on the topic (here and on /r/oc=
aml. I don't have much expertise to offer in this area, but I had hacke=
d together some simple servers based on Opium in the past few months, so it=
 seemed like I should be able to memorialize some of what I learned for the=
 benefit of others. I received some critical guidance by the Opium maintain=
ers, rgrinberg and anuragsoni, and from other resources online (mentioned a=
t the end of the tutorial).





Any feedback or improvements are welcome: this is my first time writing suc=
h lengthy instructional material, and I'm sure there's lots of room to make=
 it better.















Release of owl-symbolic 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/announce-release-of-owl-sym=
bolic-0-1-0/4930/2








jrzhao42 announced





The Owl tutorial book URL address is now changed to: https://ocaml.xyz/book/symbolic.html.















Static lifetime





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/static-lifetime/4908/19








Andr=C3=A9 asked and Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni repli=
ed





> Is it possible to =E2=80=9Cstatically=E2=80=9D allocate a value? By th=
is I mean mark a value such that it gets ignored by the GC and lives until =
the program exits?





This is indeed the purpose of Ancient, which comes with limitations and doe=
s not allow you to reclaim the memory until you exit the program. (I am cur=
ious to know how well it works with recent OCaml versions.)





> it would be really interesting to learn whether Ocaml forbids blocks o=
utside the heap.





The OCaml runtime has two modes (chosen at compilation) for dealing with so=
-called "out-of-heap" pointers. In the legacy one that Chet remembers, the =
GC uses a page table when scanning to be able to tell which pointers it pos=
sesses. In the "no-naked-pointers" mode devised more recently for efficienc=
y reasons, the page table is replaced by looking at the colour in the heade=
r of the dereferenced value. Out-of-heap values must be preceded by a heade=
r with colour black. The no-naked-pointer mode is more restricted, because =
once a static value is referenced, it can no longer be deallocated, as you =
never know whether it is still reachable by the GC. This should be enough t=
o support Ancient.





> One should verify such intuitions experimentally, before trying to fix=
 them, but I=E2=80=99m not familiar with what OCaml profilers can do=E2=80=
=A6





Excluding large long-lived data from the GC is an old idea. Among recent de=
velopments, Nguyen et al. [1] distinguish a "control path" (where the gener=
ational hypothesis is assumed to hold) from a "data path" (where values are=
 assumed to follow an "epochal" behaviour (long-lived, similar lifetimes, b=
enefit from locality), and are excluded from GC). They give as motivation s=
o-called "big data" and as figures of pathological GC usage up to 50% of to=
tal runtime. I remember reading similar figures from blog posts about large=
 data sets in OCaml. In reality this indeed depends on knobs you can turn o=
n your GC that can result in increased peak memory usage among others. (Ass=
uming infinite available memory, it is even possible to let the GC share dr=
op to 0%.)





@ppedrot reported to me that in a recent experiment with Coq, using an Anci=
ent-like trick to exclude some large, long-lived and rarely-accessed values=
 from being scanned (namely serialising them into bigarrays), they saw an 8=
% performance improvement across the board in benchmarks.





Multicore, if I understood correctly, aims to support only the no-naked-poi=
nter mode, and I am not sure what the page table will become. Coq currently=
 does some out-of-heap allocation in the VM, and has been adapted to be com=
patible with the no-naked-pointer mode by wrapping out-of-heap pointers int=
o custom blocks. For scanning its custom stack (which mixes in-heap and out=
-of-heap values), Coq sets up a custom root-scanning function (`caml_scan_r=
oots_hook`), which still relies on the page table.





Note that having to wrap out-of-heap pointers in custom blocks is (much!) l=
ess expressive: for instance with Ancient you can call `List.filter` on a s=
tatically-allocated list (and correctly get a GC-allocated list of statical=
ly-allocated values). With custom blocks you cannot mix in-heap and out-of-=
heap values in this way.





For a type system to deal with "statically" allocated values, have a look a=
t Rust, which: 1) prevents cycles of reference-counting schemes thanks to u=
niqueness, 2) can treat GC roots as resources to deal with backpointers at =
the leaves of the value (cf. the interoperability with SpiderMonkey's GC in=
 Servo). A point of view that I like is that tracing GCs and static allocat=
ion differ fundamentally by how they traverse values for collection: traver=
sing live values for the first one, and traversing values at the moment of =
their death for the other. This gives them distinct advantages and drawback=
s so one can see them as complementary. (See notably [2,3].) Static allocat=
ion is interesting for performance in some aspects (no tracing, no read-wri=
te barrier, reusability of memory cells, avoids calling the GC at inappropr=
iate times), but I find it even more interesting for interoperability (e.g.=
 exchanging values freely with C or Rust, or applications from that other thread). It is natural to want to mix =
them in a language.





As far as I understand, developing the runtime capabilities for OCaml to de=
al with out-of-heap pointers without resorting to an expensive page table i=
s an engineering problem, not a fundamental one. If anyone is interested in=
 this, please contact me.





[1] Nguyen et al., Yak : A High-Performance Big-Data-Friendly Garb=
age Collector, 2016





[2] Bacon, Cheng and Rajan, A Unified Th=
eory of Garbage Collection, 2004





[3] Shahriyar, Blackburn and Frampton, Down for the Count? Getting Reference Counti=
ng Back in the Ring, 2012











UnixJunkie also replied





If you can store your long-leaved data into a bigarray, I think you would r=
each the effect that you were looking for (no more GC scanning of this data=
).





This was once advised to me by Oleg, for some performance-critical section =
of some code.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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  SRS0=r8bB=3D=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=r8bB=3D=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=r8bB=3D=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=helo; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=r8bB=3D=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1"
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   d="scan'208,217";a="431299318"
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Received: from mx1.polytechnique.org ([129.104.30.34])
  by mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr with ESMTP/TLS/DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384; 14 Jan 2020 15:17:03 +0100
Received: from set (set.irisa.fr [131.254.10.170])
	(using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384 (256/256 bits))
	(No client certificate requested)
	by ssl.polytechnique.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id C1A3A56467A;
	Tue, 14 Jan 2020 15:16:59 +0100 (CET)
From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 14 Jan 2020 15:16:52 +0100
Message-ID: <87pnfmt963.fsf@polytechnique.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=-=-="
X-AV-Checked: ClamAV using ClamSMTP at svoboda.polytechnique.org (Tue Jan 14 15:17:00 2020 +0100 (CET))
X-Spam-Flag: No, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.007366, queueID=2614156468A
X-Org-Mail: alan.schmitt.1995@polytechnique.org
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
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Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 07 to 14, 202=
0.









Calling a single function on every member of a GADT?





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2020-01/msg00007.html=









Ivan Gotovchits asked





I'm basically trying to do the equivalent of this simple fold =
function:






module Simple =3D
struct
  type term =3D
     | Int of int
     | Add
     | App of term * term

  let rec fold i f =3D function
    | Int=
 _ as t -> f i t
    | Add=
 -> f i Add
    | App=
 (x, y) as t -> f (fold (fold i f=
 x) f y) t
end







… but using a GADT:






module Gadt =3D
struct
  type _ term =3D
     | Int : int -> int term
     | Add : (int -> int -> int) term
     | App : ('b -> 'a) term * 'b term -> 'a term

  let rec fold : type a. 'r -> (=
'r -> _ term -> 'r) -> 'r =3D fun i f -> function
    | Int=
 _ as t -> f i t
    | Add=
 -> f i Add
(*
     ^ Error: This pattern matches values o=
f type (int -> int -> int) term
        but a pattern was expected which ma=
tches values of type int term
        Type int -> int -> int is not=
 compatible with type int
*)
    | App=
 (x, y) as t -> f (fold (fold i f=
 x) f y) t
end







I've tried other variants of the syntax and got many encouragements but no =
green flag from the type-checker.
Why is the compiler expecting an int term in there? I though the whole poin=
t of the type a. ... syntax was to allow the matched type to v=
ary from one pattern to the next?
Is there a way to do this?











Ivan Gotovchits replied





It is the limitation of the let-bound polymorphism. A parameter of a
function is monomorphic in its body. The classical example doesn't even
reference any GADT,






let example f  =3D f "hello=
", f 42







It won't compile even though we can provide a polymorphic function that can
applied both to integers and to strings, e.g., exampe (fun x -> x)=
 should
be possible, but not, because of the let-bounded polymorphism. There are a
few solutions available in OCaml, the simplest is to use records, e.g.,






type app =3D {apply : 'a=
. 'a -> 'a}

let example {apply<=
/span>} =3D apply "hello", apply 42<=
span style=3D"color: #ff4500;">;;

val example : app -> string * int =3D <fun>







Now we have app that is polymorphic.
In your case, I would define a visitor type, e.g.,






type 'r visitor =3D {vis=
it : 'a. 'a term -> 'r -> 'r}

let rec fold : type a. 'r -> '=
r visitor -> a term -> 'r =3D
  fun f t -> match t with
    | Int=
 _ as t -> f.visit i t
    | Add=
 as t -> f.visit i t
    | App=
 (x,y) as t ->
        let i =3D fold i f x in
        let i =3D fold i f y in
        f.visit i t













Jacques Garrigue also replied





Actually, this is a rare case where using a polymorphic method may be
handy too:






let rec fold : type a r. r -> &l=
t;v : 'b. r -> 'b term -> r> -> a term -> r =3D
     fun i f -> function
     | Int _ as t -> f#v i t
     | Add -> f#v i Ad=
d
     | App (x, y) as t -> f#v (fold (fold =
i f x) f y) t

let v =3D
   object method v : type a. _ ->=
; a Gadt.term -> _ =3D
     fun x -> function
       | Int n -> x+n
       | Add -> x+1
       | App _ -> x+2
   end

let r =3D Gadt.fold 0 v (App=
 (App (Add,=
 Int 3), =
Int 5))







The point being that to match on a Gadt you will anyway need to use the
(type a) construct to allow refinement.











rixed asked and Ivan Gotovchits replied







So there is no lighter syntax to specify that f should accept =
any member
of a GADT than the syntax to specify that f should accept any =
type at all?







Only three methods of introducing rank-2 polymorphism are known to me:



    

  1. records
    2. 

  2. objects
    3. 

  3. first-class modules
    4. 





Jacques has demonstrated the solution with objects, which might be a little
bit more lightweight, at least as you don't need to define a new data type
beforehand. But the invocation is more verbose and requires an annotation
from the caller side, which could be confusing. The third solution relies
on first-class modules and is even more verbose, at least on the definition
side. Just for the sake of completeness,






  module type Visitor =
=3D sig
    type t
    val term : t -> 'a term -> t
  end

  let rec fold : type a r. r -> =
(module Visito=
r with type t =
=3D r) -> a term
-> r =3D
    fun i ((module Visit) as <=
span style=3D"color: #a0522d;">f) t<=
/span> -> match t with
      | Int _ as t -> Visit.term i t
      | Add as t -> Visit.term i t
      | App (x,y) as t ->
          let i =3D fold i f x in
          let i =3D fold i f y in
          Visit.term i t

  let s =3D fold 0 (module struct
      type t =3D int
      let term x _ =3D x + 1
    end)







And again, it is not about GADT. GADT act as a red herring here. As I've
demonstrated earlier, using a simple pair will suffice to display the
limitation of the prenex polymorphism. Even no ADT is required, just apply
one term to another two and you will get them unified, e.g.,






let f g x y : unit =3D g x; g y







will have type






val f : ('a -> unit) =
-> 'a -> 'a -> unit







because 'a is quantified on the scope of f not g,=
 in other words, it
has type (not an OCaml syntax)






val f : forall 'a. ('a -=
> unit) -> 'a -> 'a -> unit







while we would like to have a type






val f : forall 'b, 'c. (=
forall 'a. 'a -> unit) -> 'b -> 'c -> unit







OCaml doesn't allow us to define types like ('a. 'a -> 'a) =
and the reason
is not that it is hard to extend the parser it is…







I wonder, is this just a limitation of the OCaml parser or is there some
deep reason for these work-around (like is the case, from my understanding,
for the value restriction)?







Yep, good catch! It is because of the impurity. Indeed, Haskell has the
Rank2Types extension that lets us write types like (forall a. a ->=
 ()) ->
b -> c -> (), with no extra syntactic burden (modulo having to=
 provide the
type annotation). But functions in Haskell are pure, therefore it is
possible. To make the story short and obvious, let me do a simple
demonstration of how things can go wrong in a language with side-effects.
Let's go back to the simple example of pairs and the identity function.
Consider the following nasty identity function,






let bad_id () =3D
  let cache =3D ref None in
  fun match cache.content=
s with
    | None -> cache :=3D Some x; x
    | Some cache -> cache







It has type unit -> 'a -> 'a therefore, if we would have=
 the rank-1
polymorphism enabled for functions, we could apply it to the function






let map2 : fun ('a. 'a -> 'a) -> 'b -> 'c -> 'b * 'c=
 =3D fun f (x,y) -> f x, f y







as






let x,y : string * int =3D map2 (bad_id ()) "hello", 42







and will get a segmentation fault, as y will now have type int=
 but hold a
string.





And here comes the syntax as a savior as it lets us specify functions that
are guaranteed to be syntactic values. Indeed, all three solutions
syntactically guarantee that the provided argument is a function, not a
closure. Indeed, let's introduce the universal identity via a record,






type id =3D { f : 'a. 'a=
 -> 'a}







and we can see that our bad_id is not accepted due to the value
restriction, while good_id, defined as,






let good_id x =3D x







is perfectly fine, e.g.,






let id1 =3D {f =3D good_=
id} (**)
let id2 =3D {f =3D bad_id}   (* rejected *)







moreover, even a fine, but not syntactic, identity is also rejected






let fine_id () x =3D x
let id3 =3D {f =3D fine_id ()} (* rejected *)







with the message




This field value has type 'b -> 'b which is less general than 'a. 'a -&g=
t; 'a





The same is true with modules,






module type Id =3D sig
  val f : 'a -> 'a
end
module Id1 : Id =3D struct let f =3D good_id end   (* accepted *)<=
/span>
module Id2 : Id =3D struct let f =3D bad_id () end (* rejected *)<=
/span>
module Id3 : Id =3D struct let f =3D fine_id () end (* rejected *)=








and with objects (left as an exercise).





To summarize, in order to enable rank2 polymorphism we need a special kind
of values to bear universal functions, as we can't rely on ordinary
functions, which could be constructed using partial application. OCaml
already had objects and records, which serve as a fine media for
universally quantified functions. Later first class modules were
introduced, which could also be used for the same purpose. Probably, one
could devise a special syntax (or rely on the new attributes and extensions
syntax, e.g., map2 [%rank2 : fun x -> x] ("hello",42) but p=
robably this
will lead to an unnecessary bloating of the language and the
implementation, especially since we already have three solutions with a
more or less tolerable syntax (and are in the base language, not an
extension).  Besides, if we will use the [@@unboxed] annotatio=
n, or
visitor will have the same representation as a function, e.g.,






type 'r visitor =3D {vis=
it : 'a. 'r -> 'a term -> 'r} [@@unbo=
xed]
let count x =
_ =3D x + 1
let counter =3D {visit=3Dcount}







and






# Core_kernel.=
phys_same count counter;;
- : bool =3D true







Concerning rank-n polymorphism, in OCaml is is achieved using functors.
Yes, they are a little bit syntactically heavy and force us to write
signatures, but this is necessary anyway as rank-n is undecidable
(non-inferrable). Finally, as a real-world example [1] of rank-2
polymorphism consider the universal WAVL tree that is a binary tree with
each element having a different type (aka heterogeneous map). We use it in
BAP as a backing store. You might find a few tricks there, especially using
continuation-passing in the recursive cases.





Cheers,
Ivan





[1]: https://github.com/BinaryAnalysisPlatform/bap/blob/b40689e636607b977758af0=
48b79d65684ce48c3/lib/knowledge/bap_knowledge.ml#L847-L1693











Malcolm Matalka asked and Ivan Gotovchits replied







Why is type checking creating a record different than type checking a
function argument?





If we had the syntax (or something like it):





let map2 : ('a. 'a -> 'a) -> ('b * 'c) -> ('b * 'c)





Why would the type checker not be able to see that





map2 good_id ("hi", 42)





is valid but





map2 (fine_id ()) ("hi", 32)





is not, using the same logic that is verifying creating the "id" record
is not valid?







I believe it is possible, as it is possible in Haskell (with RankNTypes and
ScopedTypeVariables). The main (theoretical) difference is that in OCaml we
need to check whether an expression is expansive and use a specialized
generalization in case if it is (for the relaxed value restriction). It
will, however, complicate the type inference engine a lot, but most
importantly, changing the typing rule of functions will have a tremendous
impact on the language. So this would be a very impractical solution.
Especially, since we don't have the mechanism of language extensions,
enabling RankNTypes will make a lot of programs untypeable, as they will
now require type annotations (recall that RankN is undecidable in general).
It could probably be implemented as a compiler command line parameter, like
-rectypes but this will be still quite impractical since more =
often code
like fun f -> f 1, f true is a programmer error, rather tha=
n a true
request for universal polymorphism (the same as with rectypes, recursive
types a more often an error rather than a deliberate attempt). Therefore,
enabling RankN(^1) polymorphism will type too many programs (not that it is
unsound, just many programs won't have sense) at the cost of even more
obscure type errors. On the other hand, we have three syntactic constructs
that let us express non-prenex polymorphism of the necessary rank(^2)
without breaking anything else. So it looks like a good deal - we can have
rankN polymorphism and decidable type checker at the same time. Just think
of polymorphic records/methods as an embedded DSL for rankN polymorphism.





=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Footnotes:




    

  1. An important point, that I forgot to notice, is that enabling scoped




type variables, will inevitably enable rankN polymorphism, e.g., since now
any type could be a polytype, then suppose we have type 'a. ('b.'b -&=
gt; 'a)
-> 'a could be instantiated to 'a =3D 'd. ('c. ->  'd) -> '=
d, so that our
type is now 'd. ('b. 'b -> ('c. 'c -> 'd) -> 'd) -> ('c. =
'c -> 'd) -> 'd
which is now rank3. Therefore, enabling arbitrary quantification in the
arrow type will lead to rankN and immediately make undecidable most of the
type checker.




    

  1. We can craft arbitrary rank using records with universally quantified




type variables, e.g., here is an example of rank3 polymorphism:






type 'a rank1 =3D {f1 : =
's. 's -> 'a}
type 'a rank2 =3D {f2 : 'r. 'r -> 'a rank1}







Indeed, f2 has type 'a.('r. 'r -> ('s. 's -> 'a)















OCamlPro's opam cheat sheet, with a new theme!





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rfc-ocamlpros-opam=
-cheat-sheet-with-a-new-theme/4689/3








Thomas Blanc announced





The opam cheat-sheet is now published in its final form.





You can get the colored and black-and-white versions from =
our website.





Happy hacking!















OCaml 4.10.0, first beta





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-10-0-first-beta/4989/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.10.0 is approaching. We have published
a first beta version to help you adapt your software to the new features
ahead of the release.





During our preliminary tests for this new beta, we discovered that the rece=
nt
work towards a multicore-ready OCaml runtime introduced compatibility issues
within some opam packages, that were tweaking the runtime internals.
Most of those opam packages have been fixed, or will be soon.
Nevertheless, if you are affected by such compatibility issue, please speak=
 up.





The source code is available at these addresses:





http=
s://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.10.0+beta1.tar.gz 

https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.10/ocaml-4.10.0+beta1.tar=
.gz





The compiler can also be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the
following commands.





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.10.0+beta1=
 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit=
+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






or





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.10.0+beta1=
+<VARIANT> --repositories=3Ddefault,b=
eta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where you replace <VARIANT> with one of these:



    

  • afl
    • 

  • flambda
    • 

  • fp
    • 

  • fp+flambda
    • 





We want to know about all bugs. Please report them here:





https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues





Happy hacking.











Kate added





For the people wanting to give OCaml 4.10.0beta1 a shot, here is an opam ov=
erlay which adds fixes to major packages for them to work with this beta: <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository">https://git=
hub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository





To use it, simple call:



$ opam switch 4.10
$ opam repository add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-reposit=
ory.git





Obviously, this repository should not be used in production and probably co=
ntains a few bugs, but at least it allows everyone to have almost as many p=
ackages available as with OCaml 4.09. Only 60ish packages are still not ava=
ilable, but apart from the notable exception of merlin all the=
 essential packages and dependencies are there.





This work has been part of the release-readyness effort founded by the OCam=
l Software Foundation as announced here: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/ann-the-ocaml-software-foundation/4476/13





The rest of the effort is going to be put towards having merlin available for OCaml 4.10 and upstreaming all the fixes from opam-alpha-re=
pository (most of them have PRs associated already). I'm hopeful for them b=
e all upstreamed and available before the stable release of OCaml 4.10.















Data engineer positions at Elastic, US/Canada/Western Europe (=
proximate to NA timezones)





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-data-engineer-positions-at-elastic-us-canada-we=
stern-europe-proximate-to-na-timezones/4991/1








Hezekiah Carty announced





Our team here at Elastic has positi=
ons open for a few security data engineers (aka wranglers of data and all t=
he systems involved).  We are a distributed company so you don't have to be=
 close to an office to be considered.  Infosec industry experience is not required, though of course welcome.  We're =
surrounded by experts in the field so you'll have lots of opportunities to =
learn as you go!





The official postings are available here (both have the same text and only =
differ in title/seniority):






Language-wise, OCaml/Reason makes up most of the code you=E2=80=99ll be wor=
king on. Python makes up most of the rest, in particular taking advantage o=
f the machine learning and natural language processing goodies that ecosyst=
em provides. Most of the tools and service we develop are internally focuse=
d, supporting security research and improvements to security protections fo=
r our users. For those so-inclined, there are lots of opportunities to pres=
ent at and attend conferences, present work in blog posts, contribute to op=
en source software projects and otherwise engage the community.





The positions are very similar to our last hiring announcement, though we had a different name at that =
point!





Please reach out to me if you have any questions. I=E2=80=99m available on =
the OCaml or Reason Discord servers or by email at hezekiah.carty@elastic.c=
o.















Release of naboris 0.1.0 a simple http server





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/release-of-naboris-0=
-1-0-a-simple-http-server/4994/1








Shawn McGinty announced





https://github.com/sha=
wn-mcginty/naboris





I could use input on the API and the documentation.  Working on trying to i=
mprove both at the moment.





The goal was to create a very simple library for building RESTful type of w=
eb servers.  Make it very easy to manage h=
andle request/response lifecycle and sessions.





In my opinion this type of web server is a great entry point for new develo=
pers looking to explore the OCaml/Reason world.





Recently I have fallen in love with OCaml and Reason, and as a mostly web c=
entered developer I've found this area quite lacking.  I'm still new to the=
 language and eco system so any guidance would be highly appreciated!











Yawar Amin replied





Wow! It seems we had much the same idea=E2=80=93OCaml/Reason more accessibl=
e to web developers new to the ecosystem :-D I've been working on something=
 very similar: https://git=
hub.com/yawaramin/re-web/











Ulrik Strid said





There is also opium https://=
github.com/rgrinberg/opium





And morph https://gi=
thub.com/reason-native-web/morph that has similar goals.





It would be nice if we could either create a shared core that all could bui=
ld from or collaborate on one.















esy@0.6.0 release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-esy-0-6-0-release/5010/1








Andrey Popp announced





We've just released a new version of esy. You can install it with npm:



$ npm install -g esy@0.6.0





esy is a package.json driven workflow for na=
tive development with Reason/OCaml (and even C/C++). It provides per-projec=
t build environments which are isolated from each other but share underlyin=
g build caches so creating new environments is cheap.





While 0.6.0 is mainly about "quality-of-life" improvements it also got few =
new features including a basic support for garbage collection of unused bui=
ld artifacts.





For more info see a b=
log post by @prometheansacrifice which highlights important updates in =
0.6.0.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 14 to 21, 202=
0.









How does the compiler check for exhaustive pattern matching?




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/how-do=
es-the-compiler-check-for-exhaustive-pattern-matching/5013/1








Dylan Irlbeck asked





Hi all. I'm relatively new to OCaml, and I was curious on how the compiler =
is
able to give a warning when a case list is non-exhaustive - both from a
high-level and, if possible, the implementation of this check. I have some =
ideas
about how one could do this, but none of my ideas seem like they'd be nearl=
y as
efficient as the OCaml compiler is.











gasche replied





The canonical reference for exhaustivity-checking in OCaml is the scientifi=
c publication







Warnin=
gs for pattern matching
Luc Maranget
2007







The general idea is to consider all the patterns of a given pattern-matchin=
g at
once, generalize this structure to a "matrix" of patterns (matching on seve=
ral
values in parallel), and devise an algorithm to "explore" these pattern mat=
rices
in such a way that you eventually tell if a given pattern-matrix is exhaust=
ive,
or can propose a counter-example.





(I guess we should write a high-level/accessible blog post about this.)















resto 0.2 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-resto-0-2-released/5028/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





On behalf on Nomadic Labs, I'm happy to announce the release of version 0.2=
 of resto, a library to create type-safe HTTP/JSON services.





The library is available through opam (opam install resto), di=
stributed under LGPL, and hosted on https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/resto.





resto was previously released as ocplib-resto mai=
ntained by OCamlPro. The project is now maintained by Nomadic Labs.





Along with many bugfixes and a few added features, the main change of this =
release is that the library is split into multiple packages with fine-grain=
ed dependencies.















opam 2.0.6 release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-0-6-release/5038/1








R. Boujbel announced





We are pleased to announce the minor release of opam 2.0.6.





This new version contains mainly build update & fixes. You can find mor=
e information in this bl=
og post.





opam is a source-based package manager for OCaml.=
 It supports multiple simultaneous compiler installations, flexible package=
 constraints, and a Git-friendly development workflow.















soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-soupault-a-static-website-generator-based-on-html-rewriting/4126/11








Daniil Baturin announced





soupault 1.8.0 is released along with Lua-ML 0.9.1.





Lua-ML now raises Failure when Lua code execution fails. There=
's much room for improvement in that area, for now I've just done something=
 that is better than just displaying errors on stderr but otherwise allowin=
g syntax and runtime
errors pass silently.





If you have any ideas how perfect interpreter error reporting should work, please share!





As of improvements in soupault itself, there's now:



    

  • A way for plugins to specify their minimum supported soupault version l=
ike Plugin.require_version("1.8.0")
    • 

  • TARGET_DIR environment variable and target_dir Lua global that contains the directory where the rendered page will be wr=
itten, to make it easier for plugins/scripts to place processed assets toge=
ther with pages.
    • 

  • "Build profiles": if you add profile =3D "production" or s=
imilar to widget config, that widget will be ignored unless you run s=
oupault --profile production.
    • 

  • A bunch of new utility functions for plugins.
    • 















Spin: Project scaffolding tool and set of templates for Reason=
 and OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/spin-project-scaffolding-tool-and-set-of-templates-for-reason-and-oca=
ml/5047/1








Mohamed Elsharnouby announced





https://github.com/tmattio/spin=
















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 21 to 28, 202=
0.









New release of Menhir (20200123)





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2020-01/msg00040.html=









Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





It is my pleasure to announce a new release of Menhir, the LR(1) parser
generator.




opam update
opam install menhir
opam install coq-menhirlib # if you wish to use menhir --coq





There are no new features, only a significant change in the manner in which
Menhir is built:




    

  • Menhir is now built and installed by dune. This should make life easier=
 for Menhir's developers: in particular, make test and m=
ake speed can be run straight away and do not requiring installing M=
enhir first. This should also make compilation much faster on multi-core ma=
chines. (Contributed by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, to whom many thanks ar=
e due.)
    • 


  • There used to be a distinction between two slightly different ways of i=
nstalling Menhir, namely with and without ocamlfind. This dist=
inction disappears. The command line switch --suggest-ocamlfind is deprecated and causes Menhir to print false.
    • 





We hope that these changes do not break any of the code that relies on Menh=
ir
today. Please report any problems that you might encounter. Happy hacking!















Ocaml cross compiler?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-cross-compiler/1494/7








Deep in this thread, Dmitry Ponyatov asked





What about embedded targets like Cortex-M (STM32F3/F4)?
How much memory should it have to have to run OCaml-compiled programs?











Ivan Gotovchits replied





You may find this page interesting. To summarize, with a lot of work you can make a subset of OCaml programs runnable=
 on a microcontroller. You will also need to rewrite OCaml's runtime and de=
velop a new GC for it.





In real life, no, you can't run OCaml on a microcontroller. You need at lea=
st a couple of megabytes of normal RAM with MMU.


















Two master internship proposals to explore social and technica=
l aspects of the creation of the OCaml and Coq platforms





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/two-master-internship-=
proposals-to-explore-social-and-technical-aspects-of-the-creation-of-the-oc=
aml-and-coq-platforms/5073/1








Th=C3=A9o Zimmermann announced





We are looking for candidates for the following two internships intended to=
 prefigure the creation of the OCaml and Coq platforms:






Please feel free to forward this announcement.
Interested students should send their resume and cover letter at [yrg@irif.=
fr](mailto:yrg@irif.fr) and [theo@irif.f=
r](mailto:theo@irif.fr).





Yann R=C3=A9gis-Gianas (Inria, IRIF, OCaml Foundation) and Th=C3=A9o Zimmer=
mann (Inria, IRIF, Coq development team)















Proper way to allocate an OCaml string from C code in OCaml 4.=
10?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/p=
roper-way-to-allocate-an-ocaml-string-from-c-code-in-ocaml-4-10/5075/1








Rwmjones asked





Previously to allocate a string with explicit length (ie.  one which may co=
ntain \0 characters) in C code we have used:






strv =3D caml_alloc_string (count);
memcpy (String_val (strv), str, c=
ount);







In OCaml 4.10 this doesn't compile because String_val returns a const=
 char *.





I could change String_val to Bytes_val, but that feels wrong.  The runtime =
seems to use &Byte_u (strv, 0).





It's a shame there's not a caml_copy_string_len function, but what is the p=
roper way to do this for OCaml 4.10+, especially a way that won't break in =
future and will be compatible with multicore?











yallop suggested





You can use caml_alloc_initia=
lized_string:






CAMLextern value caml_alloc_initialized_string =
(mlsize_t len, const char *);

















OCaml 4.10.0, second beta





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-10-0-second-beta/5083/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.10.0 is near. We have released a second beta
version to help you adapt your softwares and libraries to the new features
ahead of the release.





This new beta contains an update to the internal runtime API that
should make it easier to maintain compatibility across version
for expert users; and a small fix for the analysis of recursive
values.





The source code is available at these addresses:





http=
s://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.10.0+beta2.tar.gz 

https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.10/ocaml-4.10.0+beta2.tar=
.gz





The compiler can also be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the
following commands.





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.10.0+beta1=
 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit=
+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






or





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.10.0+beta1=
+<VARIANT> --repositories=3Ddefault,b=
eta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where you replace <VARIANT> with one of these:



    

  • afl
    • 

  • flambda
    • 

  • fp
    • 

  • fp+flambda
    • 





For a better experience, you can use the opam alpha repository provided by:





opam repository add alpha git://github.com/kit=
-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository.git






This repository contains a handful of temporary patched packages, that you =
can use
while waiting for the packages to be properly patched.
This repository should not be used in production and you probably want to i=
nstall
it only for the beta switch.





We want to know about all bugs. Please report them here:





https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--

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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 28 to
February 04, 2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Multicore OCaml: January 2020 update
Use Case for Ephemerons?
`json-data-encoding' version 0.8 (was `ocplib-json-typed')
Developer position at Abacus Medicine, Copenhagen
Camlp5 version 7.11 release (4.10 compatibility)
Old CWN


Multicore OCaml: January 2020 update
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the January 2020 news update from the Multicore OCaml team!
  We're going to summarise our activites monthly to highlight what we're
  working on throughout this year. This update has kindly been assembled
  by @shakthimaan and @kayceesrk.

  The most common question we get is how to contribute to the overall
  multicore effort. As I [noted last year], we are now in the process of
  steadily upstreaming our efforts to mainline OCaml. Therefore, the
  best way by far to contribute is to test for regressions or
  opportunities for improvements in the patches that are outstanding in
  the main OCaml repository.

  A secondary benefit would be to review the PRs in the [multicore
  repository], but those tend to be more difficult to evaluate
  externally as they are being spotted as a result of stress testing at
  the moment. A negative contribution would be to raise discussion of
  orthogonal features or new project management mechanisms =E2=80=93 this t=
akes
  time and effort to reply to, and the team has a very full plate
  already now that the upstreaming has begun. We don't want to prevent
  those discussions from happening of course, but would appreciate if
  they were directed to the general OCaml bugtracker or another thread
  on this forum.

  We'll first go over the OCaml PRs and issues, then cover the multicore
  repository and our Sandmark benchmarking infrastructure. A new
  initiative to implement and test new parallel algorithms for Multicore
  OCaml is also underway.


[noted last year]


[multicore repository]


OCaml
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Ongoing

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9082] Eventlog tracing system

    Eventlog is a proposal for a new tracing facility for OCaml runtime
    that provides metrics and counters, and uses the Binary Trace Format
    (CTF). The next step to get this merged is to incubate the tracing
    features in separate runtime variant, so it can be selected at
    application link time.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#8984] Towards a new closure representation

    A new layout for closures has been proposed for traversal by the
    garbage collector without the use of a page table. This is very much
    useful for Multicore OCaml and for performance improvements. The PR
    is awaiting review from other developers, and can then be rebased
    against trunk for testing and merge.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#187] Better Safe Points

    A patch to regularly poll for inter-domain interrupts to provide
    better safe points is actively being reviewed. This is to ensure
    that any pending interrupts are notified by the runtime system.

  =E2=80=A2 Work is underway on improving the marshaling (runtime/extern.c)=
 in
    upstream OCaml to avoid using GC mark bits to represent visitedness,
    and to use a hash table (addrmap) implementation.


  [ocaml/ocaml#9082] 

  [ocaml/ocaml#8984] 

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#187]
  


=E2=97=8A Completed

  The following PRs have been merged to upstream OCaml trunk:

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#8713] Move C global variables to a dedicated struc=
ture

    This PR moves the C global variables to a "domain state"
    table. Every domain requires its own table of domain local
    variables, and hence this is required for Multicore runtime.

    This uncovered a number of [compatability issues] with the C header
    files, which were all included in the recent OCaml 4.10.0+beta2
    release via the next item.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9253] Move back `caml_*' to thematic headers

    The `caml_*' definitions from runtime/caml/compatibility.h have been
    moved to provide a compatible API for OCaml versions 4.04 to
    4.10. This change is also useful for Multicore domains that have
    their own state.


  [ocaml/ocaml#8713] 

  [compatability issues] 

  [ocaml/ocaml#9253] 


Multicore OCaml
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The following PRs have been merged into the Multicore OCaml trees:

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#275] Fix lazy behaviour for
    Multicore

    A `caml_obj_forward_lazy()' function is implemented to handle lazy
    values in Multicore Ocaml.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#269] Move from a global
    `pools_to_rescan' to a domain-local one

    During stress testing, a segmentation fault occurred when a pool was
    being rescanned while a domain was allocating in to it. The rescan
    has now been moved to the domain local, and hence this situation
    will not occur again.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#268] Fix for a few space leaks

    The space leaks that occurred during domain spawning and termination
    when performing the stress tests have been fixed in this PR.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#272] Fix for DWARF CFI for
    non-allocating external calls

    The entry to `caml_classify_float_unboxed' caused a corrupted
    backtrace, and a fix that clearly specifies the boundary between
    OCaml and C has been provided.

  =E2=80=A2 An effort to implement a synchronized minor garbage collector f=
or
    Multicore OCaml is actively being researched and worked
    upon. Benchmarking for a work-sharing parallel stop-the-world branch
    against multicore trunk has been performed along with clearing
    technical debt, handling race conditions, and fixing segmentation
    faults. The C-API reversion changes have been tested and merged into
    the stop-the-world minor GC branch for Multicore OCaml.


[ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#275]


[ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#269]


[ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#268]


[ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#272]



Benchmarking
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 The [Sandmark] performance benchmarking infrastructure has been
    improved for backfilling data, tracking branches and naming
    benchmarks.

  =E2=80=A2 Numerical parallel benchmarks have been added to the Multicore
    compiler.

  =E2=80=A2 An [Irmin] macro benchmark has been included in Sandmark. A tes=
t for
    measuring Irmin's merge capabilities with Git as its filesystem is
    being tested with different read and write rates.

  =E2=80=A2 Work is also underway to implement parallel algorithms for N-bo=
dy,
    reverse-complement, k-nucleotide, binary-trees, fasta,
    fannkuch-redux, regex-redux, Game of Life, RayTracing, Barnes Hut,
    Count Graphs, SSSP and from the MultiMLton benchmarks to test on
    Multicore OCaml.


[Sandmark] 

[Irmin] 


Documentation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 A chapter on Parallel Programming in Multicore OCaml is being
    written and an early draft will be made available to the community
    for their feedback. It is based on Domains, with examples to
    implement array sums, Pi approximation, and trapezoidal rules for
    definite integrals.


Acronyms
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 API: Application Programming Interface
  =E2=80=A2 CTF: Common Trace Format
  =E2=80=A2 CFI: Call Frame Information
  =E2=80=A2 DWARF: Debugging With Attributed Record Formats
  =E2=80=A2 GC: Garbage Collector
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Pull Request
  =E2=80=A2 SSSP: Single Source Shortest Path


Nicolas Tollenaere asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If I may ask a question, I am curious about the status of integration
  of effects into the type system. According to this page
  ,
  original plan was to merge an untyped version of effect, before it was
  decided to integrate them into the system. I have seen this
  presentation of leo white on this matter
   along
  with this one  (from
  2016). My understanding was that, at the time of the last
  presentation, there was still some theoretical issues to be solved
  (although the speaker did not seem too worried about finding some way
  around eventually). I have no idea about the current status of the
  project. Reading your post it seems that you are now in an integration
  phase (PR reviews and all) that would imply that you're done with
  (most) theoretical questions. But that could either mean that you are
  integrating an untyped version of effects (and the type system is let
  for future development) or that you have indeed settled on a
  design. Which one is it ? Anyway, thanks for the post and the work in
  general, this project seems awesome (even if I did not dive into it
  too much until now)


Anil Madhavapeddy replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Good question; our current focus in getting the runtime components
  upstreamed (the "Domains" API) and some of the mechanisms that could
  be used by an effect system.  We haven't yet settled on a final design
  for an effect extension to OCaml, but the general preference is to
  skip integrating an untyped effect system if a typed version lands in
  the right timescales. This will happen after all the runtime pieces
  are upstreamed, which will allow everyone to use multicore parallelism
  via the lower-level Domains API.


Use Case for Ephemerons?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this old thread, Yawar Amin said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  [Here's another use] (disclaimer: this is my project).

  What's happening here is that I'm using an 'ephemeral cache' (i.e. a
  cache backed by an ephemeron hash table, [here]) to store subscribers
  to a 'topic', i.e. a pub-sub bus. You get a subscription token when
  you subscribe to a topic, and part of that token is the cache key. The
  cache is 'ephemeral' so as soon as the subscription token goes out of
  scope, it and its corresponding subscription (concretely, the stream
  and its push function) are automatically deleted from the cache.

  Hence, there's no 'unsubscribe' or 'close topic' functionality=E2=80=93it=
's
  assumed that you want to unsubscribe if you let the subscription token
  go out of scope.


[Here's another use]


[here]



`json-data-encoding' version 0.8 (was `ocplib-json-typed')
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce that Nomadic Labs is now in charge of the
  development, maintenance and release of `json-data-encoding' =E2=80=93 the
  library previously known as `ocplib-json-typed'. Even though we are
  changing to a more descriptive name, we are maintaining continuity of
  version numbers. As a result, this is an announce for the version
  `0.8'.

  The library `json-data-encoding' lets you define encodings for a given
  OCaml type, and use that encoding to encode values of that type into
  JSON or decode JSON into values of that type. The library supports
  multiple JSON backends: `Ezjsonm', `Yojson', native browser
  representation (for `js_of_ocaml', via the package
  `json-data-encoding-browser') and `BSON' (via the package
  `json-data-encoding-bson').

  It is available via `opam' (`opam install json-data-encoding') and
  hosted on 

  Changes from the version v0.7 include:
  =E2=80=A2 extensive tests using `Crowbar' (adapted from similar tests on
    `data-encoding' originally by @gasche)
  =E2=80=A2 minor documentation improvements
  =E2=80=A2 improved self documentation capabilities for unions' cases (wor=
k by
    @smondet)
  =E2=80=A2 improved schema equality (work by @rbardou)


Developer position at Abacus Medicine, Copenhagen
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


mokn announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Abacus Medicine has an open developer position. We do parallel
  distribution of medicine in EU and for that we have developed a system
  to handle the trading. A part of this system is developed in OCaml.

  Unfortunately the job description is only in danish, but we do accept
  applications in english: [Job description]


[Job description]



Camlp5 version 7.11 release (4.10 compatibility)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Chet Murthy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  New release 7.11 of Camlp5. Compatible with all OCaml versions >=3D
  4.00.0, latest OCaml version 4.10+beta2 included.

  Main improvement: compatible with 4.10's blank module names and
  generative functors.

  Home page, including downloading and documentation at:
  

  Enjoy!

  N.B. I'm new to helping out with camlp5, so might have made some
  mistakes; any users who find problems should contact me either
  directly, or (better) thru issues on
   and I'll be sure to get
  right on it.

  N.B.#2: There are still lots of gaps between current Ocaml, and
  Camlp5's support; I'm working on fixing that, and there'll soon be a
  release that brings camlp5 as up-to-date as possible with Ocaml.


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 28 to Februar=
y 04, 2020.









Multicore OCaml: January 2020 update





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-january-2020-u=
pdate/5090/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





Welcome to the January 2020 news update from the Multicore OCaml team! We'r=
e going to summarise our activites monthly to highlight what we're working =
on throughout this year. This update has kindly been assembled by @shakthim=
aan and @kayceesrk.





The most common question we get is how to contribute to the overall multico=
re effort. As I noted last year<=
/a>, we are now in the process of steadily upstreaming our efforts to mainl=
ine OCaml. Therefore, the best way by far to contribute is to test for regr=
essions or opportunities for improvements in the patches that are outstandi=
ng in the main OCaml repository.





A secondary benefit would be to review the PRs in the multicore repository, b=
ut those tend to be more difficult to evaluate externally as they are being=
 spotted as a result of stress testing at the moment. A negative contributi=
on would be to raise discussion of orthogonal features or new project manag=
ement mechanisms – this takes time and effort to reply to, and the t=
eam has a very full plate already now that the upstreaming has begun. We do=
n't want to prevent those discussions from happening of course, but would a=
ppreciate if they were directed to the general OCaml bugtracker or another =
thread on this forum.





We'll first go over the OCaml PRs and issues, then cover the multicore repo=
sitory and our Sandmark benchmarking infrastructure. A new initiative to im=
plement and test new parallel algorithms for Multicore OCaml is also underw=
ay.








OCaml






    

  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9082 E=
ventlog tracing system

      


      
Eventlog is a proposal for a new tracing facility for OCaml runtime that pr=
ovides metrics and counters, and uses the Binary Trace Format (CTF). The ne=
xt step to get this merged is to incubate the tracing features in separate =
runtime variant, so it can be selected at application link time.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#8984 T=
owards a new closure representation

      


      
A new layout for closures has been proposed for traversal by the  garbage c=
ollector without the use of a page table. This is very much useful for Mult=
icore OCaml and for performance improvements. The PR is awaiting review fro=
m other developers, and can then be rebased against trunk for testing and m=
erge.

      • 


    • 
o=
caml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#187 Better Safe Points

      


      
A patch to regularly poll for inter-domain interrupts to provide better saf=
e points is actively being reviewed. This is to ensure that any pending int=
errupts are notified by the runtime system.

      • 


    • Work is underway on improving the marshaling (runtime/extern.c) in upst=
ream OCaml to avoid using GC mark bits to represent visitedness, and to use=
 a hash table (addrmap) implementation.
      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Completed
    

    

    
The following PRs have been merged to upstream OCaml trunk:

    


      

    • 
ocaml/ocaml#8713 M=
ove C global variables to a dedicated structure

      


      
This PR moves the C global variables to a "domain state" table. Every domai=
n requires its own table of domain local variables, and hence this is requi=
red for Multicore runtime.

      


      
This uncovered a number of compatability issues with the C header files, which were all inc=
luded in the recent OCaml 4.10.0+beta2 release via the next item.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9253 M=
ove back caml_* to thematic headers

      


      
The caml_* definitions from runtime/caml/compatibility.h have =
been moved to provide a compatible API for OCaml versions 4.04 to 4.10. Thi=
s change is also useful for Multicore domains that have their own state.

      • 

    

    

    • 








Multicore OCaml





The following PRs have been merged into the Multicore OCaml trees:




    

  • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#275
Fix lazy behaviour for Multicore

    


    
A caml_obj_forward_lazy() function is implemented to handle la=
zy values in Multicore Ocaml.

    • 


  • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#269
Move from a global pools_to_rescan to a domain-local one

    


    
During stress testing, a segmentation fault occurred when a pool was  being=
 rescanned while a domain was allocating in to it. The rescan has now been =
moved to the domain local, and hence this situation will not occur again.

    • 


  • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#268
Fix for a few space leaks

    


    
The space leaks that occurred during domain spawning and termination when p=
erforming the stress tests have been fixed in this PR.

    • 


  • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#272
Fix for DWARF CFI for non-allocating external calls

    


    
The entry to caml_classify_float_unboxed caused a corrupted ba=
cktrace, and a fix that clearly specifies the boundary between OCaml and C =
has been provided.

    • 


  • An effort to implement a synchronized minor garbage collector for Multi=
core OCaml is actively being researched and worked upon. Benchmarking for a=
 work-sharing parallel stop-the-world branch against multicore trunk has be=
en performed along with clearing technical debt, handling race conditions, =
and fixing segmentation faults. The C-API reversion changes have been teste=
d and merged into the stop-the-world minor GC branch for Multicore OCaml.










Benchmarking




    

  • The Sandmark performance be=
nchmarking infrastructure has been improved for backfilling data, tracking =
branches and naming benchmarks.
    • 


  • Numerical parallel benchmarks have been added to the Multicore compiler=
.
    • 


  • An Irmin macro benchmark has been inc=
luded in Sandmark. A test for measuring Irmin's merge capabilities with Git=
 as its filesystem is being tested with different read and write rates.
    • 


  • Work is also underway to implement parallel algorithms for N-body, reve=
rse-complement, k-nucleotide, binary-trees, fasta, fannkuch-redux, regex-re=
dux, Game of Life, RayTracing, Barnes Hut, Count Graphs, SSSP and from the =
MultiMLton benchmarks to test on Multicore OCaml.
    • 










Documentation




    

  • A chapter on Parallel Programming in Multicore OCaml is being written a=
nd an early draft will be made available to the community for their feedbac=
k. It is based on Domains, with examples to implement array sums, Pi approx=
imation, and trapezoidal rules for definite integrals.
    • 










Acronyms




    

  • API: Application Programming Interface
    • 

  • CTF: Common Trace Format
    • 

  • CFI: Call Frame Information
    • 

  • DWARF: Debugging With Attributed Record Formats
    • 

  • GC: Garbage Collector
    • 

  • PR: Pull Request
    • 

  • SSSP: Single Source Shortest Path
    • 













Nicolas Tollenaere asked





If I may ask a question, I am curious about the status of integration of ef=
fects into the type system. According to this page https://=
ocamlverse.github.io/content/future_ocaml.html#typed-algebraic-effects,=
 original plan was to merge an untyped version of effect, before it was dec=
ided to integrate them into the system. I have seen this presentation of le=
o white on this matter https://www.janestreet.com/tech-talks/effective-progra=
mming/ along with this one https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DibpUJmlEWi4 (from 201=
6). My understanding was that, at the time of the last presentation, there =
was still some theoretical issues to be solved (although the speaker did no=
t seem too worried about finding some way around eventually). I have no ide=
a about the current status of the project. Reading your post it seems that =
you are now in an integration phase (PR reviews and all) that would imply t=
hat you're done with (most) theoretical questions. But that could either me=
an that you are integrating an untyped  version of effects  (and the type s=
ystem is let for future development) or that you have indeed settled on a d=
esign. Which one is it ? Anyway, thanks for the post and the work in genera=
l, this project seems awesome (even if I did not dive into it too much unti=
l now)











Anil Madhavapeddy replied





Good question; our current focus in getting the runtime components upstream=
ed (the "Domains" API) and some of the mechanisms that could be used by an =
effect system.  We haven't yet settled on a final design for an effect exte=
nsion to OCaml, but the general preference is to skip integrating an untype=
d effect system if a typed version lands in the right timescales. This will=
 happen after all the runtime pieces are upstreamed, which will allow every=
one to use multicore parallelism via the lower-level Domains API.















Use Case for Ephemerons?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/use-case-for-ephemerons/2838/3








Continuing this old thread, Yawar Amin said





Here's another use (disclaimer: this =
is my project).





What's happening here is that I'm using an 'ephemeral cache' (i.e. a cache =
backed by an ephemeron hash table, he=
re) to store subscribers to a 'topic', i.e. a pub-sub bus. You get a su=
bscription token when you subscribe to a topic, and part of that token is t=
he cache key. The cache is 'ephemeral' so as soon as the subscription token=
 goes out of scope, it and its corresponding subscription (concretely, the =
stream and its push function) are automatically deleted from the cache.





Hence, there's no 'unsubscribe' or 'close topic' functionality=E2=80=93it's=
 assumed that you want to unsubscribe if you let the subscription token go =
out of scope.















json-data-encoding version 0.8 (was ocplib-=
json-typed)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-json-=
data-encoding-version-0-8-was-ocplib-json-typed/5095/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





I'm happy to announce that Nomadic Labs is now in charge of the development=
, maintenance and release of json-data-encoding =E2=80=93 the =
library previously known as ocplib-json-typed. Even though we =
are changing to a more descriptive name, we are maintaining continuity of v=
ersion numbers. As a result, this is an announce for the version 0.8<=
/code>.





The library json-data-encoding lets you define encodings for a=
 given OCaml type, and use that encoding to encode values of that type into=
 JSON or decode JSON into values of that type. The library supports multipl=
e JSON backends: Ezjsonm, Yojson, native browser =
representation (for js_of_ocaml, via the package json-da=
ta-encoding-browser) and BSON (via the package js=
on-data-encoding-bson).





It is available via opam (opam install json-data-encodin=
g) and hosted on https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/json-data-encoding/





Changes from the version v0.7 include:



    

  • extensive tests using Crowbar (adapted from similar tests =
on data-encoding originally by @gasche)
    • 

  • minor documentation improvements
    • 

  • improved self documentation capabilities for unions' cases (work by @sm=
ondet)
    • 

  • improved schema equality (work by @rbardou)
    • 















Developer position at Abacus Medicine, Copenhagen





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/developer-positio=
n-at-abacus-medicine-copenhagen/5119/1








mokn announced





Abacus Medicine has an open developer position. We do parallel distribution=
 of medicine in EU and for that we have developed a system to handle the tr=
ading. A part of this system is developed in OCaml.





Unfortunately the job description is only in danish, but we do accept appli=
cations in english:
Jo=
b description















Camlp5 version 7.11 release (4.10 compatibility)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-camlp5-vers=
ion-7-11-release-4-10-compatibility/5121/1








Chet Murthy announced





New release 7.11 of Camlp5. Compatible with all OCaml versions >=3D 4.00=
.0, latest OCaml version 4.10+beta2 included.





Main improvement: compatible with 4.10's blank module names and generative =
functors.





Home page, including downloading and documentation at: https://camlp5.github.io/





Enjoy!





N.B. I'm new to helping out with camlp5, so might have made some mistakes; =
any users who find problems should contact me either directly, or (better) =
thru issues on https:=
//github.com/camlp5/camlp5/releases and I'll be sure to get right on it.





N.B.#2: There are still lots of gaps between current Ocaml, and Camlp5's su=
pport; I'm working on fixing that, and there'll soon be a release that brin=
gs camlp5 as up-to-date as possible with Ocaml.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 11 to 18,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Logical 0.3.0
OCaml 4.10.0, first release candidate
New release of Menhir, including bug fixes
First release of data-encoding, JSON and binary serialisation
Opam package popularity?
What's the OCaml equivalent for HLint?
New release of naboris 0.1.1
Category theory for Programmers book - OCaml flavor
Call for Speakers: Build Meetup New York April 2020
Old CWN


Logical 0.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


T=C3=B3th R=C3=B3bert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I proud to announce that I published Logical 0.3.0 and it's available
  in opam. I'm also not to proud to announce that I did a bunch of
  breaking changes in this release. :D

  During development of this release, I realized that I made the biggest
  mistake I could do as a library maintainer, which is that I didn't use
  my own library, so I made a bunch of stupid design mistakes, which I
  hopefully fixed in this release.

  Changelog:
  =E2=80=A2 Added both_multi goal
  =E2=80=A2 Removed set from the type system
  =E2=80=A2 Moved type system to separate module
  =E2=80=A2 Re-factored state to be a map instead of an association list
  =E2=80=A2 Added bunch of examples to the bin folder

  One of my main goal with Logical was to solve the puzzles that I found
  in this entertaining article:
  
  and it became a reality so hurray.  Another important thing to mention
  is that I can proudly say that Logical is capable of solving a mystery
  murder, so it's at least a mystery murder complete
  language/framework. :D

  Future plans(0.4.0 release):
  =E2=80=A2 I want to introduce conditions or validations (I need to find a=
 good
    name for it) on the variables, which would basically be a function,
    which is run when the variable gets it's value, so it's possible to
    assess if the value is a good one or not. I think this feature is
    extremely general, flexible and powerful, so I have to be careful
    how I implement it(if I will). :D It also means that implementing
    negation in Logical will become a breeze, so that's it for being
    negation free.
  =E2=80=A2 I'm thinking of creating a Variable module, which will by more =
like
    a syntactic sugar for creating variables. I'm not sure about this,
    because this would make Goal.equal "obsolete".
  =E2=80=A2 I will hide Base's datatypes behind ours, so the user don't hav=
e to
    depend on base to use the library.

  Let me know if you have any suggestion or comment about Logical.

  Github: 
  Docs: 


OCaml 4.10.0, first release candidate
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We have released a second release candidate to integrate a bug fix for
  32-bit users of the new best-fit allocator:

  

  The fix should be transparent for other users, the release is mostly
  here to try to minimize the difference between the candidate and final
  binaries.


New release of Menhir, including bug fixes
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Dear users of OCaml & Menhir,

  It is my pleasure to announce a new release of Menhir.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam upgrade menhir
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release fixes two bugs in our implementation of Pager's
  algorithm.  Menhir relies on this algorithm to build an LR automaton
  and to decide which states can safely be merged, where "safely" means
  "without creating unexplainable conflicts". One bug (which had been
  known for a long time, but not fixed) would cause Menhir to sometimes
  make an unsafe merge decision, thereby creating an unexplainable
  conflict. The other bug (which had never been discovered until now)
  would cause Menhir to sometimes miss a safe merge decision, thereby
  creating an automaton with needlessly many states.

  In summary, after upgrading to this version, you may find (in some
  cases) that the parser produced by Menhir for your grammar has
  changed. It may have slightly more or slightly fewer states than the
  parser produced by previous versions of Menhir. Even in cases where
  the parser hasn't changed, the numbering of the states can be
  different.

  Feedback is welcome.

  Happy parsing,

  Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier
  francois.pottier@inria.fr
  


2020/02/11
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Re-implement Menhir's default algorithm for constructing LR(1)
    automata, namely Pager's algorithm. This closes issue #21 (reported
    by Andrej Bauer), a bug that would sometimes cause unexplainable
    conflicts to appear, because states were merged too
    aggressively. This also removes an unreported bug that would cause
    the automaton to have too many states, because states were *not*
    merged aggressively enough. In summary, the old and new construction
    algorithms differ: in many cases, the resulting automaton is
    unchanged, but in some cases, the automaton produced by the new
    algorithm may have slightly more or slightly fewer states.

  =E2=80=A2 Re-implement Menhir's algorithm for constructing automata in
    `--no-pager' mode. In this (undocumented) mode, Menhir does not
    merge any states, but allows itself to redirect a transition from a
    state `s' to a *larger* state `s''. This method yields an automaton
    whose states form a subset of the states of the canonical LR(1)
    automaton. It usually has significantly fewer states than the
    canonical automaton, and significantly more states than the
    automaton produced by Pager's algorithm. The new construction method
    removes an unreported bug that would cause the automaton to have too
    many states. The automaton produced by the new algorithm will
    usually have significantly fewer states than the automaton produced
    by the previous algorithm.

  =E2=80=A2 Re-implement Menhir's algorithms for constructing automata in
    `--lalr' and `--canonical' modes. The previous algorithms were
    correct, as far as we know, so the output of the new algorithms is
    the same, up to a possible renumbering of the states. The new
    algorithms are slightly faster.

  =E2=80=A2 Increase the maximum length of a production, which used to be 1=
27,
    up to 1023. Display a polite error message if this length is
    exceeded. (Problem reported by Andreas Abel.)

  =E2=80=A2 The new switch `--timings-to ' causes internal timing
    information to be written to the file `'.

  =E2=80=A2 A version of the library `fix' is now vendored (included) inside
    Menhir. This should have no impact for end users, but implies that
    `dune' 2.2.0 or later is required.


First release of data-encoding, JSON and binary serialisation
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The newly released version (0.2) addresses this. All the binary
  reading/writing primitives use `result' by default and have `_opt' and
  `_exn' variants.

  The JSON primitives are not yet changed because they rely on an
  external library that has more idiosyncratic error management. (This
  will eventually be fixed in a future version.)


Opam package popularity?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Chet Murthy asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Is there someplace a database of opam packages and their popularity?
  Obviously it'd be inaccurate, but it'd still be interesting to see
  which packages are most-often downloaded via opam =E2=80=A6..


Levi Roth replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  The listing at 
  has the download counts (I think for the latest month, not sure if
  that means past 30 days or since the start of the current calendar
  month) as title attributes on the table rows.


What's the OCaml equivalent for HLint?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fangyi Zhou asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I've been using OCaml for quite a while and one thing I've been
  looking for is a good linter, ideally something like the Haskell
  [HLint].

  I found [this] which seems quite old - latest release in 2012.

  Sorry if this has been raised previously.


[HLint] 

[this] 


"Aaron L. Zeng
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Something similar, but not as featureful, is [ppx_js_style].  It's
  somewhat opinionated, but the checks aren't Jane Street-specific.


[ppx_js_style] 


New release of naboris 0.1.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Shawn McGinty announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  

  =E2=80=A2 *(much)* Better performance
  =E2=80=A2 API improvements


Category theory for Programmers book - OCaml flavor
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anton Kochkov announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks to @Arul the book was finished, and now is available for
  download here -
  

  Please, enjoy and report a feedback.


Call for Speakers: Build Meetup New York April 2020
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On April 7th and 8th, [Jane Street], [Bloomberg] and [Google] will be
  hosting a Build Meetup at the [Jane Street offices] in New York City.

  As we begin shaping our schedule, we are reaching out to a number of
  communities to find people who would like to participate in the
  event. Speaker sign-ups are now live [here].

  We are excited to announce that the keynote will be presented by the
  authors of the research paper =E2=80=9C[From Laptop to Lambda: Outsourcing
  Everyday Jobs to Thousands of Transient Functional Containers]=E2=80=9D w=
hich
  examines the exciting possibilities for build through the use of cloud
  functions.

  The entire event will be themed around all things build and test:
  Bazel, Buck, BuildStream, CMake, Dune, Goma, Pants, Recc and Remote
  Execution. In addition to this, we are interested in the growing
  surrounding ecosystems, such as editor integration and developer build
  experience as a whole.

  The meetup will run as follows: on day one, a series of talks will be
  presented along with breakfast, lunch and refreshments. This will be
  followed by an evening social at a nearby venue to continue the
  discussions from throughout the day.

  On the second day there will be an opportunity for broader community
  collaboration and discussion during our all day code sprint.

  We are looking for insightful and engaging talks and presentations on
  topics focused around build systems. Have you worked tirelessly for
  the past 6 months on a new feature for project foo you would like to
  showcase? Have you and your team spent the last year integrating the
  tool bar at your workplace? Do you have some comparisons to make
  between qux and quux that the community could benefit from?

  If so, we would love to [hear from you]!

  We welcome proposals for talks across the entire ecosystem. Each talk
  should ideally last 30 minutes, followed by time for questions.

  Keep your eyes out for meetup registration information, which will be
  sent separately over the next few weeks!


[Jane Street] 

[Bloomberg] 

[Google] 

[Jane Street offices] 

[here]


[From Laptop to Lambda: Outsourcing Everyday Jobs to Thousands of
Transient Functional Containers]


[hear from you]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 11 to 18, 20=
20.









Logical 0.3.0





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-logical-0-3-0/5150/1








T=C3=B3th R=C3=B3bert announced





I proud to announce that I published Logical 0.3.0 and it's available in op=
am. I'm also not to proud to announce that I did a bunch of breaking change=
s in
this release. :D





During development of this release, I realized that I made the biggest mist=
ake I could do as a library maintainer, which is that I didn't use my own l=
ibrary,
so I made a bunch of stupid design mistakes, which I hopefully fixed in thi=
s release.





Changelog:



    

  • Added both_multi goal
    • 

  • Removed set from the type system
    • 

  • Moved type system to separate module
    • 

  • Re-factored state to be a map instead of an association list
    • 

  • Added bunch of examples to the bin folder
    • 





One of my main goal with Logical was to solve the puzzles that I found in t=
his entertaining article:
https://xmonader.github.io/prolog/2018/12/21/solving-murder-prolog=
.html and it became a reality so hurray.=20
Another important thing to mention is that I can proudly say that Logical i=
s capable of solving a mystery murder, so it's at least a mystery murder co=
mplete
language/framework. :D=20





Future plans(0.4.0 release):



    

  • I want to introduce conditions or validations (I need to find a good na=
me for it) on the variables, which would basically be a function, which is =
run when the variable gets it's value, so it's possible to assess if the va=
lue is a good one or not. I think this feature is extremely general, flexib=
le and powerful, so I have to be careful how I implement it(if I will). :D =
It also means that implementing negation in Logical will become a breeze, s=
o that's it for being negation free.
    • 

  • I'm thinking of creating a Variable module, which will by more like a s=
yntactic sugar for creating variables. I'm not sure about this, because thi=
s would make Goal.equal "obsolete".
    • 

  • I will hide Base's datatypes behind ours, so the user don't have to dep=
end on base to use the library.
    • 





Let me know if you have any suggestion or comment about Logical.





Github: https://github.co=
m/StrykerKKD/Logical 

Docs: https://strykerkkd.g=
ithub.io/Logical















OCaml 4.10.0, first release candidate





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-10-0-first-release-ca=
ndidate/5137/2








octachron announced





We have released a second release candidate to integrate a bug fix for 32-b=
it users of the new best-fit allocator:





https://github.com/oca=
ml/ocaml/pull/9292





The fix should be transparent for other users, the release is mostly here t=
o try to minimize the difference between the candidate and final binaries.















New release of Menhir, including bug fixes





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2020-02/msg00023.html=









Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





Dear users of OCaml & Menhir,





It is my pleasure to announce a new release of Menhir.






opam update
opam upgrade menhir







This release fixes two bugs in our implementation of Pager's algorithm.
Menhir
relies on this algorithm to build an LR automaton and to decide which states
can safely be merged, where "safely" means "without creating unexplainable
conflicts". One bug (which had been known for a long time, but not fixed)
would cause Menhir to sometimes make an unsafe merge decision, thereby
creating an unexplainable conflict. The other bug (which had never been
discovered until now) would cause Menhir to sometimes miss a safe merge
decision, thereby creating an automaton with needlessly many states.





In summary, after upgrading to this version, you may find (in some
cases) that
the parser produced by Menhir for your grammar has changed. It may have
slightly more or slightly fewer states than the parser produced by previous
versions of Menhir. Even in cases where the parser hasn't changed, the
numbering of the states can be different.





Feedback is welcome.





Happy parsing,





Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier

francois.pottier@inria.fr

http://cambium.inria.fr/~fpo=
ttier/








2020/02/11




    

  • Re-implement Menhir's default algorithm for constructing LR(1) automata=
, namely Pager's algorithm. This closes issue #21 (reported by Andrej Bauer=
), a bug that would sometimes cause unexplainable conflicts to appear, beca=
use states were merged too aggressively. This also removes an unreported bu=
g that would cause the automaton to have too many states, because states we=
re not merged aggressively enough. In summary, the old and new const=
ruction algorithms differ: in many cases, the resulting automaton is unchan=
ged, but in some cases, the automaton produced by the new algorithm may hav=
e slightly more or slightly fewer states.
    • 


  • Re-implement Menhir's algorithm for constructing automata in --no=
-pager mode. In this (undocumented) mode, Menhir does not merge any =
states, but allows itself to redirect a transition from a state s to a larger state s'. This method yields an automat=
on whose states form a subset of the states of the canonical LR(1) automato=
n. It usually has significantly fewer states than the canonical automaton, =
and significantly more states than the automaton produced by Pager's algori=
thm. The new construction method removes an unreported bug that would cause=
 the automaton to have too many states. The automaton produced by the new a=
lgorithm will usually have significantly fewer states than the automaton pr=
oduced by the previous algorithm.
    • 


  • Re-implement Menhir's algorithms for constructing automata in --l=
alr and --canonical modes. The previous algorithms were=
 correct, as far as we know, so the output of the new algorithms is the sam=
e, up to a possible renumbering of the states. The new algorithms are sligh=
tly faster.
    • 


  • Increase the maximum length of a production, which used to be 127, up t=
o 1023. Display a polite error message if this length is exceeded. (Problem=
 reported by Andreas Abel.)
    • 


  • The new switch --timings-to <filename> causes intern=
al timing information to be written to the file <filename>.
    • 


  • A version of the library fix is now vendored (included) in=
side Menhir. This should have no impact for end users, but implies that dune 2.2.0 or later is required.
    • 

















First release of data-encoding, JSON and binary serialisation<=
/h2>




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-first-release-of-data-encoding-json-and-binary-serialisation/4444/8








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





The newly released version (0.2) addresses this. All the binary reading/wri=
ting primitives use result by default and have _opt and _exn variants.





The JSON primitives are not yet changed because they rely on an external li=
brary that has more idiosyncratic error management. (This will eventually b=
e fixed
in a future version.)















Opam package popularity?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-package-popularity/5159/1








Chet Murthy asked





Is there someplace a database of opam packages and their popularity?  Obvio=
usly it'd be inaccurate, but it'd still be interesting to see which package=
s are
most-often downloaded via opam …..











Levi Roth replied





The listing at https://opam.ocaml.org/packages/index-popularity.html has the dow=
nload counts (I think for the latest month, not sure if that means past 30
days or since the start of the current calendar month) as title attributes =
on the table rows.















What's the OCaml equivalent for HLint?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/whats-the-ocaml-equivalent-fo=
r-hlint/5167/1








Fangyi Zhou asked





I've been using OCaml for quite a while and one thing I've been looking for=
 is a good linter, ideally something like the Haskell
HLint.





I found this which seems qu=
ite old - latest release in 2012.





Sorry if this has been raised previously.











"Aaron L. Zeng





Something similar, but not as featureful, is ppx_js_style.  It's somewhat opinionated, but =
the checks aren't
Jane Street-specific.















New release of naboris 0.1.1





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/announce-new-release-of-nabo=
ris-0-1-1/5173/1








Shawn McGinty announced





https://github.com/sha=
wn-mcginty/naboris




    

  • (much) Better performance
    • 

  • API improvements
    • 















Category theory for Programmers book - OCaml flavor





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/category-theory-=
for-programmers-book-ocaml-flavor/3905/4








Anton Kochkov announced





Thanks to @Arul the book was finished, and now is available for download he=
re - https://github.com/hmemcpy/milewski-ctfp-pdf/releases/tag/v1.4.0=
-rc1





Please, enjoy and report a feedback.















Call for Speakers: Build Meetup New York April 2020





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-speake=
rs-build-meetup-new-york-april-2020/5174/1








J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced





On April 7th and 8th, Jane Street, Bloomberg and Google will be
hosting a Build Meetup at the Jane Street offices in New York City.





As we begin shaping our schedule, we are reaching out to a number of commun=
ities to find people who would like to participate in the event. Speaker si=
gn-ups
are now live here.





We are excited to announce that the keynote will be presented by the author=
s of the research paper =E2=80=9CFrom Laptop to Lambda: Outsourcing Everyday Jobs to
Thousands of Transient Functional Containers=E2=80=9D which examines th=
e exciting possibilities for build through the use
of cloud functions.





The entire event will be themed around all things build and test: Bazel, Bu=
ck, BuildStream, CMake, Dune, Goma, Pants, Recc and Remote Execution. In ad=
dition
to this, we are interested in the growing surrounding ecosystems, such as e=
ditor integration and developer build experience as a whole.





The meetup will run as follows: on day one, a series of talks will be prese=
nted along with breakfast, lunch and refreshments. This will be followed by=
 an
evening social at a nearby venue to continue the discussions from throughou=
t the day.





On the second day there will be an opportunity for broader community collab=
oration and discussion during our all day code sprint.





We are looking for insightful and engaging talks and presentations on topic=
s focused around build systems. Have you worked tirelessly for the past 6 m=
onths
on a new feature for project foo you would like to showcase? Have you and y=
our team spent the last year integrating the tool bar at your workplace? Do=
 you
have some comparisons to make between qux and quux that the community could=
 benefit from?





If so, we would love to =
hear from you!





We welcome proposals for talks across the entire ecosystem. Each talk shoul=
d ideally last 30 minutes, followed by time for questions.





Keep your eyes out for meetup registration information, which will be sent =
separately over the next few weeks!















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 25 Feb 2020 09:51:35 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 18 to 25,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Dune 2.3.0
What's the OCaml equivalent for HLint?
Training Sessions for "Expert OCaml" in Paris
OCaml 4.10 released
Old CWN


Dune 2.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rudi Grinberg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the dune team, I'm proud to announce the 2.3.0 release of
  dune. This release is particularly relevant for users of coq that use
  dune to build their theories, developers of coq that use dune to build
  their favorite theorem prover. I'd like to thank @ejgallego for all
  the hard work to improve dune in this regard.

  I'd also like to point out the `(strict_package_deps)' option that is
  now available in project files. This option will now ask dune to
  validate the package dependencies specified in the `package' stanzas
  in your dune-project files.

  Here's the full change list, and as always, happy hacking!


2.3.0 (15/02/2020)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Improve validation and error handling of arguments to `dune ini=
t'
    (#3103, fixes #3046, @shonfeder)

  =E2=80=A2 `dune init exec NAME' now uses the `NAME' argument for private
    modules (#3103, fixes #3088, @shonfeder)

  =E2=80=A2 Avoid linear walk to detect children, this should greatly impro=
ve
    performance when a target has a large number of dependencies (#2959,
    @ejgallego, @aalekseyev, @Armael)

  =E2=80=A2 [coq] Add `(boot)' option to `(coq.theories)' to enable bootstr=
ap of
    Coq's stdlib (#3096, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 [coq] Deprecate `public_name' field in favour of `package' (#20=
87,
    @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 Better error reporting for "data only" and "vendored" dirs. Usi=
ng
    these with anything else than a strict subdirectory or `*' will
    raise an error. The previous behavior was to just do nothing (#3056,
    fixes #3019, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix bootstrap on bytecode only switches on windows or where `-j=
1' is
    set.  (#3112, @xclerc, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow `enabled_if' fields in `executable(s)' stanzas (#3137, fi=
xes
    #1690 @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Do not fail if `ocamldep', `ocamlmklib', or `ocaml' are absent.=
 Wait
    for them to be used to fail (#3138, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Introduce a `strict_package_deps' mode that verifies that
    dependencies between packages in the workspace are specified
    correctly. (@rgrinberg, #3117)

  =E2=80=A2 Make sure the `@all' alias is defined when no `dune' file is pr=
esent
    in a directory (#2946, fix #2927, @diml)


What's the OCaml equivalent for HLint?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, St=C3=A9phane Lavergne said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Aside from Mascot and `ppx_js_style', it seems that [ocp-lint] is
  actively maintained by the folks at OcamlPro. I personally only use
  `ocamlformat' so I can't vouch for it, but it seems promising.


[ocp-lint] 


Training Sessions for "Expert OCaml" in Paris
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Laur=C3=A8ne Gibaud announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  OCamlPro organizes a cross-company training in French for developers
  who already use OCaml. The "Expert OCaml" training mixes theory and
  practice and will allow you to master OCaml's advanced features such
  as its type-system, OCaml's open source tools and libraries, and how
  to write compact and efficient code.

  When? The next session is scheduled for March 3-4, 2020, the second
  will be on April 7-8, 2020.

  Where? Paris 14, at our office

  If interested, contact us at contact@ocamlpro.com or register on:
  .  We
  can also organize custom and on-site sessions upon request.

  More info on: 


OCaml 4.10 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We have the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Francis Ronalds by
  announcing the release of OCaml version 4.10.0.

  Some of the highlights in this release are:

  =E2=80=A2 A new best-fit allocator for the major heap which reduces both =
GC
    cost an memory usage.
  =E2=80=A2 Some preliminary runtime work for OCaml multicore
  =E2=80=A2 Immutable strings are now enforced at configuration time
  =E2=80=A2 User-defined indexing operators for multidimensional arrays
  =E2=80=A2 Coming soon: statmemprof, a new statistical memory profiler.  T=
he
    external API will be release next version.
  =E2=80=A2 Various improvements to the manual
  =E2=80=A2 More precise exhaustiveness check for GADTs
  =E2=80=A2 Many bug fixes

  Merlin, the OCaml editor service, is not yet available for this
  release.  We will publish a follow-up announcement when Merlin is
  ready.

  This release is (or soon will be) available as a set of OPAM switches,
  and as a source download here:

  

  Editor note: please follow the archive link for the full changelog


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 18 to 25, 20=
20.









Dune 2.3.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-2-3-0/5184/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the dune team, I'm proud to announce the 2.3.0 release of dune=
. This release is particularly relevant for users of coq that use dune to b=
uild their theories, developers of coq that use dune to build their favorit=
e theorem
prover. I'd like to thank @ejgallego for all the hard work to improve dune =
in this regard.





I'd also like to point out the (strict_package_deps) option th=
at is now available in project files. This option will now ask dune to vali=
date the package dependencies specified in the package stanzas=
 in your dune-project files.





Here's the full change list, and as always, happy hacking!








2.3.0 (15/02/2020)




    

  • Improve validation and error handling of arguments to dune init (#3103, fixes
#3046, @shonfeder)
    • 


  • dune init exec NAME now uses the NAME argumen=
t for private modules (#3103,
fixes #3088, @shonfeder)
    • 


  • Avoid linear walk to detect children, this should greatly improve
performance when a target has a large number of dependencies (#2959,
@ejgallego, @aalekseyev, @Armael)
    • 


  • [coq] Add (boot) option to (coq.theories) to =
enable bootstrap of
Coq's stdlib (#3096, @ejgallego)
    • 


  • [coq] Deprecate public_name field in favour of packa=
ge (#2087, @ejgallego)
    • 


  • Better error reporting for "data only" and "vendored" dirs. Using these=
 with
anything else than a strict subdirectory or * will raise an er=
ror. The
previous behavior was to just do nothing  (#3056, fixes #3019, @voodoos)


  • Fix bootstrap on bytecode only switches on windows or where -j1 is set.
(#3112, @xclerc, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Allow enabled_if fields in executable(s) stan=
zas (#3137, fixes #1690
@voodoos)
    • 


  • Do not fail if ocamldep, ocamlmklib, or ocaml are absent. Wait for them
to be used to fail (#3138, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Introduce a strict_package_deps mode that verifies that de=
pendencies between
packages in the workspace are specified correctly. (@rgrinberg, #3117)
    • 


  • Make sure the @all alias is defined when no dune file is present
in a directory (#2946, fix #2927, @diml)
    • 

















What's the OCaml equivalent for HLint?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/whats-the-ocaml-equivalent-fo=
r-hlint/5167/3








Continuing this thread, St=C3=A9phane Lavergne said




Aside from Mascot and ppx_js_style, it seems that ocp-lint is actively maintaine=
d by the folks at OcamlPro. I personally only use ocamlformat =
so I can't vouch for it, but it seems
promising.















Training Sessions for "Expert OCaml" in Paris





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2020-02/msg00032.html=









Laur=C3=A8ne Gibaud announced





OCamlPro organizes a cross-company training in French for developers who
already use OCaml. The "Expert OCaml" training mixes theory and practice
and will allow you to master OCaml's advanced features such as its
type-system, OCaml's open source tools and libraries, and how to write
compact and efficient code.





When? The next session is scheduled for March 3-4, 2020, the second will be
on April 7-8, 2020.





Where? Paris 14, at our office





If interested, contact us at contact@ocamlpro.com or register on:
=
http://www.ocamlpro.com/forms/preinscriptions-formation-ocaml/.
We can also organize custom and on-site sessions upon request.





More info on: http:/=
/www.ocamlpro.com/training-ocamlpro/















OCaml 4.10 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-10-released/5194/1








octachron announced





We have the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Francis Ronalds
by announcing the release of OCaml version 4.10.0.





Some of the highlights in this release are:




    

  • A new best-fit allocator for the major heap which reduces both GC cost =
an
memory usage.
    • 

  • Some preliminary runtime work for OCaml multicore
    • 

  • Immutable strings are now enforced at configuration time
    • 

  • User-defined indexing operators for multidimensional arrays
    • 

  • Coming soon: statmemprof, a new statistical memory profiler.
The external API will be release next version.
    • 

  • Various improvements to the manual
    • 

  • More precise exhaustiveness check for GADTs
    • 

  • Many bug fixes
    • 





Merlin, the OCaml editor service, is not yet available for this release.
We will publish a follow-up announcement when Merlin is ready.





This release is (or soon will be) available as a set of OPAM switches,
and as a source download here:





https://caml.inri=
a.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.10/





Editor note: please follow the archive link for the full changelog















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--

From mboxrd@z Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 09:00:21 +0100
Message-ID: <87r1y96f6y.fsf@polytechnique.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 25 to March =
03, 2020.









OCaml 4.10 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-10-released/5194/4








Contnuing this thread, Anil Madhavapeddy said





Indeed, many thanks to everyone who leapt in to make 4.10 ready in opam in =
such record time!  Just a note that the CI Docker images are now also rebui=
lt for
x86_64, arm32/64 and ppc64le to reflect the 4.10 release, so feel free to s=
tart using them. http=
s://hub.docker.com/r/ocaml/opam2/tags















Summary of the Dune retreat 2020





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/summary-of-the-dune-retreat-2020/=
5224/1








J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced





We recently organised the second Dune retreat. If you'd like to see what is=
 happening in the Dune world at the moment, please find a summary of what we
discussed and work on in this blog post!





https://dune.build/b=
log/dune-retreat-2020/















Multicore OCaml: Feb 2020 update





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-feb-2020-update/52=
27/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





Welcome to the February 2020 news update from the Multicore OCaml team, spr=
ead across the UK, India, France and Switzerland! This follows on from last
month's update, and has been put together by @shakthimaan and @kayceesr=
k.





The releas=
e of OCaml 4.10.0 has successfully pushed out some prerequisite feature=
s into the upstream
compiler.  Our work in February has focussed on getting the multicore OCaml=
 branch "feature complete" with respect to the complete OCaml language, and=
 doing
extensive benchmarking and stress testing to test our two minor heap implem=
entations.





To this end, a number of significant patches have been merged into the Multicore OCaml =
trees that
essentially provide complete coverage of the language features. We encourag=
e you to test the same for regressions and provide any improvements or repo=
rt
shortcomings to us. There are ongoing OCaml PRs and issues that are also un=
der review, and we hope to complete those for the 4.11 release cycle. A new=
 set of
parallel benchmarks have been added to our Sandmark benchmarking suite (live instance
here), including enhancements to=
 the build setup.








Multicore OCaml






    

  • Completed
    

    

    
The following PRs have been merged into Multicore OCaml:

    


      

    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#281
Introduce Forcing_tag to fix concurrency bug with lazy values

      


      
A Forcing_tag is used to implement lazy values to handle a con=
currency bug. It behaves like a locked bit, and any concurrent access by a =
mutator will raise an exception on that domain.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#282
Safepoints

      


      
A preliminary version of safe points has been merged into the Multicore OCa=
ml trees. ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#187 also contains more discuss=
ion and background about how coverage can be improved in future PRs.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#285
Introduce an 'opportunistic' major collection slice

      


      
An "opportunistic work credit" is implemented in this PR which forms a basi=
s for doing mark and sweep work while waiting to synchronise with other dom=
ains.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#286
Do fflush and variable args in caml_gc_log

      


      
The caml_gc_log() function has been updated to ensure that fflush is invoked only when GC logging is enabled.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#287
Increase EVENT_BUF_SIZE

      


      
During debugging with event trace data it is useful to reduce the buffer fl=
ush times, and hence the EVENT_BUF_SIZE has now been increased.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#288
Write barrier optimization

      


      
This PR closes the regression for the chameneos_redux_lwt benc=
hmarking in Sandmark by using intnat to avoid sign extensions =
and cleans up write_barrier to improve overall performance.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#290
Unify sweep budget to be in word size

      


      
The PR updates the sweep work units to all be in word size. This is to hand=
le the differences between the budget for setup, sweep and for large alloca=
tions in blocks.

      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • A lot of work is ongoing for the implementation of a synchronised minor=
 garbage collector for Multicore OCaml, including benchmarking for the stop=
-the-world (stw) branch.  We will publish the results of this in a future u=
pdate, as we are assembling a currently comprehensive evaluation of the run=
time against the mainstream runtime.
      • 

    

    

    • 








Benchmarking





Sandmark now has support to run=
 parallel benchmarks. We can also now about GC latency measurements for bot=
h stock OCaml and
Multicore OCaml compiler.




    

  • 
ocaml-bench/san=
dmark#73
More parallel benchmarks

    


    
A number of parallel benchmarks such as N-body, Quick Sort and matrix multi=
plication have now been added to Sandmark!

    • 


  • 
ocaml-bench/san=
dmark#76
Promote packages. Unbreak CI.

    


    
The Continuous Integration build can now execute after updating and promoti=
ng packages in Sandmark.

    • 


  • 
ocaml-bench/san=
dmark#78
Add support for collecting information about GC pausetimes on trunk

    


    
The PR now helps process the runtime log and produces a .bench=
 file that captures the GC pause times. This works on both stock OCaml and =
in Multicore OCaml.

    • 


  • 
ocaml-bench/san=
dmark#86
Read and write Irmin benchmark

    


    
A test for measuring Irmin's merge capabilities with Git as its filesystem =
is being tested with different read and write rates.

    • 


  • A number of other parallel benchmarks like Merge sort, Floyd-Warshall m=
atrix, prime number generation, parallel map, filter et. al. have been adde=
d to Sandmark.
    • 










Documentation




    

  • Examples using domainslib and modifying Domains are currently being wor=
ked upon for a chapter on Parallel Programming for Multicore OCaml. We will=
 release an early draft to the community for your feedback.
    • 










OCaml





One PR opened to OCaml this month, which fixes up the marshalling scheme to=
 be multicore compatible. The complete set of upstream multicore
prerequisites are labelled in the compiler issue tracker.




    

  • 
ocaml/ocaml#9293 U=
se addrmap hash table for marshaling

    


    
The hash table (addrmap) implementation from Multicore OCaml has been porte=
d to upstream OCaml to avoid using GC mark bits to represent visitedness.

    • 










Acronyms




    

  • CTF: Common Trace Format
    • 

  • CI: Continuous Integration
    • 

  • GC: Garbage Collector
    • 

  • PR: Pull Request
    • 





As always, many thanks to our fellow OCaml developers and users who have re=
viewed our code, reported bugs or otherwise assisted this month.

















Oplot 0.50





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-oplot-0-50/5235/1








sanette announced





I'm happy to annouce the revival of the oplot library.





If you ever wanted to quickly draw the graph of an intriguing mathematical =
function, animate it by varying a parameter, or explore a 3D surface, witho=
ut
leaving your favorite programming language, then oplot is for =
you.





If you're familiar with LaTeX and want to produce nice mathematical graphic=
s decorated with LaTeX formulas, that you can view onscreen, export to imag=
es or
vector graphics (pdf, eps) then oplot is even more for you!







Drawing is hardware accelerated (opengl) thanks to the venerable ocam=
lsdl and lablgl libraries. I'm glad they still work per=
fectly.





Happy plotting.















soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-soupault-a-static-website-generator-based-on-html-rewriting/4126/12








Daniil Baturin announced





1.9=
.0 release is now available.




    

  • --index-only option that makes soupault dump the site meta=
data to JSON and stop at that
    • 

  • Metadata extraction and index generation can now be limited to specific=
 pages/section/path regexes, just like widgets
    • 

  • The preprocess_element widget now supports a list of selec=
tors, e.g. selector =3D ["code", "pre code"].
    • 

  • Plugin API now has functions for running external programs, and some mo=
re element tree access functions.
    • 

  • CSS selector parse errors are now handled gracefully (lambdasoup PR#31).
    • 

  • The title widget now correctly removes HTML tags from the =
supposed title string and doesn't add extra whitespace (fixes by Thomas Letan).
    • 















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 03 to 10,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Non opam workflows
First release of metapp
OCaml 4.10 released
Transept 0.1.0: Generalised Parser Combinators
Multicore OCaml: Feb 2020 update
owl 0.8.0 and 0.9.0 released
Parser combinators vs. parser preprocessors?
Dune 2.4.0
Tyxml 4.4.0
first release of oplsr: an OCaml wrapper to the pls R package - Partial Lea=
st Squares (PLS) regression
Old CWN


Non opam workflows
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Manas asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Very recently, I learnt that there is a significant chunk of users in
  the OCaml community that does not use opam to install packages. As a
  small initiative to contribute to tooling, I want to ensure what I
  build is compatible with these workflows - workflows I'm not familiar
  with myself.

  I'd love to learn more - what does it look like? How do you setup your
  compiler, dune and merlin (and/or soon ocamllsp)? How do you configure
  your editor to find them and what would make it easier to do so?

  I'm told of Duniverse as one tool that being used in these non-opam
  workflows. Are there any more popular ones out there?


Th=C3=A9o Zimmermann replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am one of these people. I mostly rely on Nix, whose package
  repository nixpkgs provides package sets for all (relatively recent)
  versions of OCaml. These package sets are not generally as complete as
  what you can find on opam, so it sometimes happens that I open a PR on
  the nixpkgs repository to add a new package (and in the meantime I use
  my local updated copy of the nixpkgs repo).

  You can see the list of available OCaml packages at:
  
  (This is for the default OCaml version, currently 4.07 in
  nixpkgs-unstable. Other package sets are called
  `ocaml-ng.ocamlPackages_4_0X' but are not shown in this web search.)

  Most OCaml packages are available at a single version in nixpkgs (even
  though you can choose your version of OCaml). To gain more flexibility
  on the exact version I use in one of my project, I am planning to test
  Duniverse. At that point, I would rely on Duniverse for library
  dependencies, but I would still rely on Nix to install OCaml, findlib,
  Dune, Duniverse (I'll have to take care of packaging it), utop,
  merlin, or ocamlformat.

  Nix is pretty straightforward to use. You generally provide a
  `default.nix' at the root of your repository, and it will list the
  dependencies that you use.  When you want to go develop your project,
  you just enter a special shell (with the `nix-shell' command) and you
  are in an environment where the tools you need are in `PATH' and the
  libraries you need are in `OCAMLPATH'.

  There's just one tool that I needed special configuration for:
  `ocamlformat' (especially because some projects use it and some do
  not). When I use it, my `default.nix' contains:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 shellHook =3D ''
  =E2=94=82   export OCAMLFORMAT_LOCATION=3D${ocamlformat}
  =E2=94=82 '';
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  which will export an environment variable when I enter the shell.

  And my `.emacs' contains:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (setq ocamlformat-location (getenv "OCAMLFORMAT_LOCATION"))
  =E2=94=82 (when (> (length ocamlformat-location) 0)
  =E2=94=82  (add-to-list 'load-path (concat ocamlformat-location "/share/e=
macs/site-lisp"))
  =E2=94=82  (require 'ocamlformat)
  =E2=94=82  (add-hook 'tuareg-mode-hook
  =E2=94=82 	   (lambda () (add-hook 'before-save-hook 'ocamlformat-before-=
save))))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        I want to ensure what I build is compatible with these
        workflows

  If you mean as a library author, then all you have to ensure is that
  you use Dune as the build system (makes the Duniverse workflow better,
  and makes it easier to package your library in nixpkgs,
  cf. `buildDunePackage' documented at
  ).


Rwmjones also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You might want to check out the Fedora OCaml packages.

  Unfortunately I don't have a convenient way to link to the whole list,
  but if you look at all the OCaml packages here:
  *
  and then if you substitute the `ocaml-' in two places in
  this URL:
  
  (example showing `ocaml-re' package), you can see how we build and
  package them in the `%prep', `%build' and `%install' sections.

  And yes, please make sure your software doesn't depend on opam.
  Building everything in your home directory is not suitable for
  enterprise software distribution.


First release of metapp
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thierry Martinez announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce the first release of `metapp', yet another
  preprocessor for OCaml.  Similarly to [`ppx_optcomp'], `metapp' is a
  PPX rewriter.  But instead of introducing a specific DSL for
  preprocessor directives, `metapp' provides a `[%meta ...]' extension,
  where the dots `...' are arbitrary OCaml expressions that are
  substituted at compile-time by the AST nodes they evaluate into. These
  expressions build AST nodes either by (anti-)quoting some code
  directly, or by using `compiler-libs' ([`Parsetree'], [`Ast_helper'],
  =E2=80=A6).

  In particular, this preprocessor is easy to use for conditional
  compilation, and is an alternative to [`cppo'] and [`ppx_optcomp'].

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let option_get o =3D
  =E2=94=82   [%meta if Sys.ocaml_version >=3D "4.08.0" then
  =E2=94=82      [%e Option.get o]
  =E2=94=82   else
  =E2=94=82      [%e match o with
  =E2=94=82      | None -> invalid_arg "option_get"
  =E2=94=82      | Some x -> x]]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In this example, the code between `[%e ... ]' is "anti-quoted": it is
  the code that is inserted (conditionally) in the rewritten module.  Of
  course, the anti-quoted code can contain itself some `[%meta ...]'
  code. `[%meta ...]' can even itself contain other levels of `[%meta
  ...]' code for multi-stage programming.

  An example of usage of `metapp' is the [`metaquot'] package, which
  implements the same quoters as `ppx_tools.metaquot': `[%expr ...]',
  `[%type: ...]', etc.  These quoters are implemented by
  meta-programming: the meta-code introspects `Parsetree.cmi' from
  `compiler-libs' to generate the code matching the current OCaml
  version.


[`ppx_optcomp'] 

[`Parsetree']


[`Ast_helper']


[`cppo'] 

[`metaquot'] 


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  To potentially save a few second to the next readers:
   seems to be the repo
  where it is hosted.


Thierry Martinez then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Thanks, @raphael-proust! The package is also available via opam: `opam
  install metapp' (and `metaquot' is available via opam as well).


OCaml 4.10 released
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


octachron continued this thread
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Merlin team has just released a preview version of Merlin which is
  compatible with 4.10.0 (Merlin is an editor service that provides
  modern IDE features for OCaml) .

  This is a preview version:

  =E2=80=A2 the support for short-path is disabled
  =E2=80=A2 only OCaml 4.10.0 is supported in this preview

  It can be installed via opam with the usual
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam install merlin
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Transept 0.1.0: Generalised Parser Combinators
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Didier Plaindoux announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m happy to announce the first release of Transept an OCaml
  implementation of generalized parsers combinators.

  This implementation has been inspired by a 19 years old paper -
  written by Daan Leijen and Erik Meijer - titled =E2=80=9CParsec: Direct S=
tyle
  Monadic Parser Combinators For The Real World=E2=80=9D [1]. The current
  implementation provides basic combinators dedicated to char, chars
  recognition but also conjunction, sequence, repetition and more. Since
  the current design relies on the abstract definition of manipulated
  element most of the parsers are generic and can be used with streams
  of chars or something else.

  Finally, with this library, I wanted to share my love of OCaml modules
  =F0=9F=A4=97

  Opam: 

  [1]
  


Didier Wenzek then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It good to see yet another parser combinator for OCaml, even if this
  makes more difficult the choice of one of them. I believe this
  highlights how well OCaml shines for this kind of applications where
  both high-level expressiveness and performance matter.

  [`angstrom'] is one the alternatives and provides a comparison with
  others. It would be good to position `transept' here.

  There is also a more recent article with a radically new approach: [A
  Typed, Algebraic Approach to Parsing] by Neelakantan R. Krishnaswami
  and Jeremy Yallop - PLDI 2019. This paper proposes a [library of
  parser combinators] for context-free expressions, an algebraic
  presentation of the context-free languages. The key points are
  =E2=80=A2 the use of types to statically reject any language which cannot=
 be
    parsed unambiguously and linearly;
  =E2=80=A2 the use of staging, with OcamlBER, to produce parsers which
    performance are close to those of hand-written code.


[`angstrom'] 

[A Typed, Algebraic Approach to Parsing]


[library of parser combinators] 


Multicore OCaml: Feb 2020 update
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Rwmjones asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi Anil (or anyone!).  Is there a place I can find more about breaking
  changes that might be made to C extensions?  As you may know we have a
  lot of C code which interfaces with OCaml, both as ordinary extensions
  written in C, but also embedding OCaml in C programs (although that's
  much more rare), and I'd like a heads up about what's likely to
  change.


Anil Madhavapeddy replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi @rwmjones! In a nutshell: no breaking C changes. The longer version
  is that we implemented two different minor collectors in order to
  evaluate various tradeoffs systematically:

  =E2=80=A2 a concurrent minor collector that requires a read barrier and s=
ome C
    API changes in order to create more safe points
  =E2=80=A2 a stop-the-world minor collector that doesn't require a read ba=
rrier
    and no extra C API changes, but would probably cause longer pauses

  The good news is that our STW collector scales up much better than we
  expected (tested to 24 cores), and so our first domains patchset will
  almost certainly use that version now.  We expect to shift to a
  concurrent (and possibly pauseless) collection algorithm at some
  future point, but in terms of upstreaming it looks like we should be
  able to delay any C API changes until after the first version of
  multicore has landed.

  Do you have any nice standalone candidate programs using the C FFI we
  could add to Sandmark?


owl 0.8.0 and 0.9.0 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Marcello Seri announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are happy to announce *two* new releases of `owl': a dedicated
  system for scientific and engineering computing in OCaml.

  Since our previous announcement in July last year, there has been an
  [enormous amount of work] going on to cleanup and extend owl's
  internals and its interfaces.

  In this period we have been trying to release often and keep
  disruption to a minimum. Owl 0.8.0 and 0.9.0 are exceptional in this
  respect:

  =E2=80=A2 `owl.0.8.0':
    =E2=80=A2 the discrepancy between `owl-base' (pure ocaml) and `owl' (li=
nks
      cblas/lapacke) interfaces started becoming a problem in few
      places. In this release many interfaces have been unified and
      reused. The algodiff module has undergone a similar
      refactoring. Although most users should be shielded from these
      changes, they may break existing code, requiring an upper bound on
      owl and some localized updates. This should mostly boil down to
      changes like
      =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
      =E2=94=82 -module CGraph_D =3D Owl_computation_engine.Make_Graph (Owl=
_computation_cpu_device.Make (Dense.Ndarray.D))
      =E2=94=82 +module CGraph_D =3D Owl_computation_engine.Make_Graph (Owl=
_computation_cpu_device.Make (Owl_algodiff_primal_ops.D))
      =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=80=A2 this is the last edition supporting OCaml compiler versions <
      4.10.0 (more on this later).
  =E2=80=A2 `owl.0.9.0': the main difference between `0.8.0' and `0.9.0' is=
 that
    owl now requires OCaml 4.10.0. This release of OCaml introduces
    *extended indexing operators*. With them we can now write things
    like `x.%{0;3}' (for indexing) and `x.${[0:2];[2;4]}' (for slicing)
    instead of the more cumbersome `x.%{[|0;3|]}' and
    `x.${[[0:2];[2;4]]}'.

  The project is thoroughly documented at [ocaml.xyz ] where you can
  find multiple examples of use.

  A lot of work has (and is) been going into improving the
  documentation, you can find the results in the new [owl book]:
  . This is currently targeting the
  development version of owl, so using `master' or `0.9.0' is the best
  bet if you want to try the examples out.

  One of the issue of the old documentation was that it was getting
  stale very fast: the book is reusing some of the infrastructure of
  RWO, so all examples get recompiled and retested continuously to
  ensure their correctness.

  As a final note, we would like to send a huge thank to the [OCaml
  Software Foundation], see also the [announcement made on this forum],
  which has given us some funding that will support a retreat of the
  maintainers and a development sprint that will take place at the end
  of March.

  We meant to announce the retreat and sprint for some time now, but the
  size and publicity of the event may depend on updates to the various
  governmental and institutional recommendation in regards to COVID-19
  spreading.  If a public event will be possible, we will make a
  separate announce on this forum.

  We want to also thank all the contributors for the increasing number
  of comments, fixes and discussions that are helping us shape the next
  releases of owl.

  The Owl Dev Team


[enormous amount of work]


[ocaml.xyz ] 

[owl book] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[announcement made on this forum]



Parser combinators vs. parser preprocessors?
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, yallop said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80

  Gasche said:
        Combinators also describe a grammar; they can build a
        representation that is then processed. I think it would be
        perfectly reasonable to provide combinators to describe a
        L(AL)R grammar, and then a function from such a grammar to
        a parsing automaton, along with the result of various
        analyses. This would solve the =E2=80=9Cadditional tooling=E2=80=9D
        problem of typical parser generators, and also the =E2=80=9Clack
        of conflict analysis=E2=80=9D problem of typical parser combinator
        libraries. But it may require support for staging for
        performance reasons.

  Readers of this thread may be interested in the [asp] (*algebraic
  staged parsing*) library (also described in the [Transept post] linked
  above), which is built on an approach along the lines @gasche
  describes:
  =E2=80=A2 combinators that describe a grammar (using context-free express=
ions)
  =E2=80=A2 an analysis (formulated as a type system) that ensures determin=
istic
    parsing
  =E2=80=A2 staging to eliminate performance overhead

  The interface is pretty standard, with combinators for alternation,
  sequencing, etc., and performance is quite good (better than
  `ocamlyacc' on our benchmarks).

  There's a paper, [A typed algebraic approach to parsing], that
  describes the design in more detail.

  Chet_Murthy said:
        Also, I=E2=80=99m personally a massive LL(1) (over LALR) bigot

  Grammars built using `asp' are essentially LL(1).  (The weasel word
  "essentially" isn't hiding much here, but the paper has the details.)


[asp] 

[Transept post]


[A typed algebraic approach to parsing]



Dune 2.4.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rudi Grinberg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the dune team, I'm pleased to announce the release of
  dune 2.4.0. This releases features support for [mdx], an interesting
  take on the notebook paradigm by the RWO team. This release also
  includes a crucial fix to polling mode which makes it usable in
  environments with finite memory :slight_smile:.

  Happy hacking!


[mdx] 

2.4.0 (06/03/2020)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Add `mdx' extension and stanza version 0.1 (#3094, @NathanReb)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow to make Odoc warnings fatal. This is configured from the =
`(env
    ...)'  stanza. (#3029, @Julow)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix separate compilation of JS when findlib is not
    installed. (#3177, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Add a `dune describe' command to obtain the topology of a dune
    workspace, for projects such as ROTOR. (#3128, @diml)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `plugin' linking mode for executables and the
      `(embed_in_plugin_libraries ...)' field. (#3141, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Add an `%{ext_plugin}' variable (#3141, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Dune will no longer build shared objects for stubs if
    `supports_shared_libraries' is false (#3225, fixes #3222,
    @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix a memory leak in the file-watching mode (`dune build -w')
    (#3220, @snowleopard and @aalekseyev)


Tyxml 4.4.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Gabriel Radanne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have the pleasure to announce the release of [TyXML 4.4.0], with
  special Reason support!

  [TyXML] is a library for building statically correct HTML and SVG
  documents. TyXML provides a set of combinators which use the OCaml
  type system to ensure the validity of the HTML. TyXML is now a stable
  library and this release comes with a few newly supported elements and
  attributes (such as ARIA elements) and associated bug fixes. However,
  the main novelty of this release is a long awaited feature: the
  support for [Reason=E2=80=99s JSX syntax] in the brand new `tyxml-jsx'
  package.

  See the complete announcement for code examples and details:
  


[TyXML 4.4.0] 

[TyXML] 

[Reason=E2=80=99s JSX syntax] 


first release of oplsr: an OCaml wrapper to the pls R package - Partial Lea=
st Squares (PLS) regression
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


UnixJunkie announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my great pleasure to release one more hackish wrapper to use
  some R package from within OCaml:

  

  For some background:
  

  Cf. test.ml in the sources for a usage example.


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 03 to 10, 2020.









Non opam workflows





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/non-opam-workflows/5232/1








Manas asked





Very recently, I learnt that there is a significant chunk of users in the O=
Caml community that does not use opam to install packages. As a small initi=
ative
to contribute to tooling, I want to ensure what I build is compatible with =
these workflows - workflows I'm not familiar with myself.





I'd love to learn more - what does it look like? How do you setup your comp=
iler, dune and merlin (and/or soon ocamllsp)? How do you configure your edi=
tor to
find them and what would make it easier to do so?





I'm told of Duniverse as one tool that being used in these non-opam workflo=
ws. Are there any more popular ones out there?











Th=C3=A9o Zimmermann replied





I am one of these people. I mostly rely on Nix, whose package repository ni=
xpkgs provides package sets for all (relatively recent) versions of OCaml. =
These
package sets are not generally as complete as what you can find on opam, so=
 it sometimes happens that I open a PR on the nixpkgs repository to add a n=
ew
package (and in the meantime I use my local updated copy of the nixpkgs rep=
o).





You can see the list of available OCaml packages at: https://nixos.org/nixos/packages.html?channel=3Dnixpkgs-unstable&=
query=3DocamlPackages
(This is for the default OCaml version, currently 4.07 in nixpkgs-unstable.=
 Other package sets are called ocaml-ng.ocamlPackages_4_0X but=
 are not shown in
this web search.)





Most OCaml packages are available at a single version in nixpkgs (even thou=
gh you can choose your version of OCaml). To gain more flexibility on the e=
xact
version I use in one of my project, I am planning to test Duniverse. At tha=
t point, I would rely on Duniverse for library dependencies, but I would st=
ill
rely on Nix to install OCaml, findlib, Dune, Duniverse (I'll have to take c=
are of packaging it), utop, merlin, or ocamlformat.





Nix is pretty straightforward to use. You generally provide a default=
.nix at the root of your repository, and it will list the dependenci=
es that you use.
When you want to go develop your project, you just enter a special shell (w=
ith the nix-shell command) and you are in an environment where=
 the tools you
need are in PATH and the libraries you need are in OCAML=
PATH.





There's just one tool that I needed special configuration for: ocamlf=
ormat (especially because some projects use it and some do not). Whe=
n I use it, my
default.nix contains:




shellHook =3D ''
  export OCAMLFORMAT_LOCATION=3D${ocamlformat}
'';





which will export an environment variable when I enter the shell.





And my .emacs contains:






(setq ocamlformat-location (getenv "OCAMLFORM=
AT_LOCATION"))
(when (> (length ocamlformat-loca=
tion) 0)
 (add-to-list 'load-path (concat ocamlformat-location "/share/emacs/site-lisp"))
 (require 'ocamlformat)
 (add-hook 'tuareg-mode-hook
           (lambda () (add-hook 'bef=
ore-save-hook 'ocamlformat-before-save))))









I want to ensure what I build is compatible with these workflows







If you mean as a library author, then all you have to ensure is that you us=
e Dune as the build system (makes the Duniverse workflow better, and makes =
it
easier to package your library in nixpkgs, cf. buildDunePackage documented at https://nixos.org/nixpkgs/manual/#sec-language-ocaml).











Rwmjones also replied





You might want to check out the Fedora OCaml packages.





Unfortunately I don't have a convenient way to link to the whole list, but =
if you look at all the OCaml packages here:
https://koji.fedoraproject.org/koji/search?ma=
tch=3Dglob&type=3Dpackage&terms=3Docaml* and then if you substi=
tute the ocaml-<packagename> in two places in this
URL: https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/ocaml-re/blob/master/f/oca=
ml-re.spec (example showing ocaml-re package), you can see=
 how we build and package them
in the %prep, %build and %install se=
ctions.





And yes, please make sure your software doesn't depend on opam.  Building e=
verything in your home directory is not suitable for enterprise software
distribution.















First release of metapp





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-metapp/5250/1








Thierry Martinez announced





I am happy to announce the first release of metapp, yet anothe=
r preprocessor for OCaml.  Similarly to ppx_optcomp, metapp is a P=
PX rewriter.  But instead of introducing a specific DSL for preprocessor di=
rectives, metapp provides a [%meta ...] extension=
, where the dots ... are arbitrary OCaml expressions that are =
substituted at compile-time by the AST nodes they evaluate into. These expr=
essions build AST nodes either by (anti-)quoting some code directly, or by =
using compiler-libs (Parsetree, Ast_helper, …).





In particular, this preprocessor is easy to use for conditional compilation=
, and is an alternative to cppo and ppx_optcomp.






let option_get o =3D
  [%meta =
if S=
ys.ocaml_version >=3D "4.08.0" then
     [%e Option.get o]
  else
     [%e match o with
     | None -> invalid_arg "option_get"
     | Some x -> x]]







In this example, the code between [%e ... ] is "anti-quoted": =
it is the code that is inserted (conditionally) in the rewritten module.  O=
f course, the
anti-quoted code can contain itself some [%meta ...] code. [%meta ...] can even itself contain other levels of [%meta =
...] code for multi-stage
programming.





An example of usage of metapp is the metaquot package, which im=
plements the same quoters as ppx_tools.metaquot: [%expr =
...], [%type: ...], etc.
These quoters are implemented by meta-programming: the meta-code introspect=
s Parsetree.cmi from compiler-libs to generate th=
e code matching the current
OCaml version.











Rapha=C3=ABl Proust added





To potentially save a few second to the next readers: https://github.com/thierry-martinez/metap=
p seems to be the repo where it is hosted.











Thierry Martinez then said





Thanks, @raphael-proust! The package is also available via opam: opam=
 install metapp (and metaquot is available via opam as =
well).















OCaml 4.10 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-10-released/5194/5








octachron continued this thread





The Merlin team has just released a preview version of Merlin which is comp=
atible with 4.10.0
(Merlin is an editor service that provides modern IDE features for OCaml) .





This is a preview version:




    

  • the support for short-path is disabled
    • 

  • only OCaml 4.10.0 is supported in this preview
    • 





It can be installed via opam with the usual





opam install merlin

















Transept 0.1.0: Generalised Parser Combinators





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-transept-0-1=
-0-generalised-parser-combinators/5262/1








Didier Plaindoux announced





I=E2=80=99m happy to announce the first release of Transept an OCaml implem=
entation of generalized parsers combinators.





This implementation has been inspired by a 19 years old paper - written by =
Daan Leijen and Erik Meijer - titled =E2=80=9CParsec: Direct Style Monadic =
Parser
Combinators For The Real World=E2=80=9D [1]. The current implementation pro=
vides basic combinators dedicated to char, chars recognition but also conju=
nction,
sequence, repetition and more. Since the current design relies on the abstr=
act definition of manipulated element most of the parsers are generic and c=
an be
used with streams of chars or something else.





Finally, with this library, I wanted to share my love of OCaml modules =F0=
=9F=A4=97





Opam: =
https://opam.ocaml.org/packages/transept/transept.0.1.0/





[1] https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/w=
p-content/uploads/2016/02/parsec-paper-letter.pdf











Didier Wenzek then said





It good to see yet another parser combinator for OCaml, even if this makes =
more difficult the choice of one of them. I believe this highlights how wel=
l OCaml
shines for this kind of applications where both high-level expressiveness a=
nd performance matter.





angstrom=
 is one the alternatives and provides a comparison with others. It woul=
d be good to position
transept here.





There is also a more recent article with a radically new approach: A Typed, Algebraic Approac=
h to Parsing by
Neelakantan R. Krishnaswami and Jeremy Yallop - PLDI 2019. This paper propo=
ses a library of parser co=
mbinators for
context-free expressions, an algebraic presentation of the context-free lan=
guages. The key points are



    

  • the use of types to statically reject any language which cannot be pars=
ed unambiguously and linearly;
    • 

  • the use of staging, with OcamlBER, to produce parsers which performance=
 are close to those of hand-written code.
    • 















Multicore OCaml: Feb 2020 update





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-feb-2020-update/52=
27/3








Continuing this thread, Rwmjones asked





Hi Anil (or anyone!).  Is there a place I can find more about breaking chan=
ges that might be made to C extensions?  As you may know we have a lot of C=
 code
which interfaces with OCaml, both as ordinary extensions written in C, but =
also embedding OCaml in C programs (although that's much more rare), and I'=
d like
a heads up about what's likely to change.











Anil Madhavapeddy replied





Hi @rwmjones! In a nutshell: no breaking C changes. The longer version is t=
hat we implemented two different minor collectors in order to evaluate vari=
ous
tradeoffs systematically:




    

  • a concurrent minor collector that requires a read barrier and some C AP=
I changes in order to create more safe points
    • 

  • a stop-the-world minor collector that doesn't require a read barrier an=
d no extra C API changes, but would probably cause longer pauses
    • 





The good news is that our STW collector scales up much better than we expec=
ted (tested to 24 cores), and so our first domains patchset will almost cer=
tainly
use that version now.  We expect to shift to a concurrent (and possibly pau=
seless) collection algorithm at some future point, but in terms of upstream=
ing it
looks like we should be able to delay any C API changes until after the fir=
st version of multicore has landed.





Do you have any nice standalone candidate programs using the C FFI we could=
 add to Sandmark?















owl 0.8.0 and 0.9.0 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-owl-0-8-0-and-0-9-0-released/=
5281/1








Marcello Seri announced





We are happy to announce two new releases of owl: a ded=
icated system for scientific and engineering computing in OCaml.





Since our previous announcement in July last year, there has been an enormous amount=
 of work going
on to cleanup and extend owl's internals and its interfaces.





In this period we have been trying to release often and keep disruption to =
a minimum. Owl 0.8.0 and 0.9.0 are exceptional in this respect:




    

  • owl.0.8.0:

      

    • 
the discrepancy between owl-base (pure ocaml) and owl (links cblas/lapacke) interfaces started becoming a problem in few pla=
ces. In this release many interfaces have been unified and reused. The algo=
diff module has undergone a similar refactoring. Although most users should=
 be shielded from these changes, they may break existing code, requiring an=
 upper bound on owl and some localized updates. This should mostly boil dow=
n to changes like

      

      

      -module CGraph_D =3D Owl_comp=
utation_engine.Make_Graph (Owl_computation_cpu_device.Make (Dense.Ndarray.D=
))
+module CGraph_D =3D Owl_computation_engine.Make_Graph (Owl_computation_cpu=
_device.Make (Owl_algodiff_primal_ops.D))

      

      • 

    • this is the last edition supporting OCaml compiler versions < 4.10.0=
 (more on this later).
      • 

    • 

  • owl.0.9.0: the main difference between 0.8.0 =
and 0.9.0 is that owl now requires OCaml 4.10.0. This release =
of OCaml introduces extended indexing operators. With them we can no=
w write things like x.%{0;3} (for indexing) and x.${[0:2=
];[2;4]} (for slicing) instead of the more cumbersome x.%{[|0;=
3|]} and  x.${[[0:2];[2;4]]}.
    • 





The project is thoroughly documented at ocaml.=
xyz  where you can find multiple examples of use.





A lot of work has (and is) been going into improving the documentation, you=
 can find the results in the new owl book:
https://ocaml.xyz/book/toc.html=
. This is currently targeting the development version of owl, so using =
master or 0.9.0 is the best bet if you want to try
the examples out.





One of the issue of the old documentation was that it was getting stale ver=
y fast: the book is reusing some of the infrastructure of RWO, so all examp=
les get
recompiled and retested continuously to ensure their correctness.





As a final note, we would like to send a huge thank to the OCaml Software Foundation, see also the announceme=
nt made on this
forum, which has given us some funding that will support a retreat of t=
he maintainers
and a development sprint that will take place at the end of March.





We meant to announce the retreat and sprint for some time now, but the size=
 and publicity of the event may depend on updates to the various government=
al and
institutional recommendation in regards to COVID-19 spreading.
If a public event will be possible, we will make a separate announce on thi=
s forum.





We want to also thank all the contributors for the increasing number of com=
ments, fixes and discussions that are helping us shape the next releases of=
 owl.





The Owl Dev Team















Parser combinators vs. parser preprocessors?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/parser-combinators-vs-p=
arser-preprocessors/5263/4








Continuing this thread, yallop said





Gasche said:






Combinators also describe a grammar; they can build a representation that i=
s then processed. I think it would be perfectly reasonable to provide combi=
nators
to describe a L(AL)R grammar, and then a function from such a grammar to a =
parsing automaton, along with the result of various analyses. This would so=
lve the
=E2=80=9Cadditional tooling=E2=80=9D problem of typical parser generators, =
and also the =E2=80=9Clack of conflict analysis=E2=80=9D problem of typical=
 parser combinator libraries. But it
may require support for staging for performance reasons.







Readers of this thread may be interested in the asp (algebraic staged parsing) library (al=
so described in the
Transept post linked above), which is built on an a=
pproach along the
lines @gasche describes:



    

  • combinators that describe a grammar (using context-free expressions)

  • an analysis (formulated as a type system) that ensures deterministic pa=
rsing
    • 

  • staging to eliminate performance overhead
    • 





The interface is pretty standard, with combinators for alternation, sequenc=
ing, etc., and performance is quite good (better than ocamlyacc on our
benchmarks).





There's a paper, A typed algebraic approach to parsing, that describes
the design in more detail.





Chet_Murthy said:






Also, I=E2=80=99m personally a massive LL(1) (over LALR) bigot







Grammars built using asp are essentially LL(1).  (The weasel w=
ord "essentially" isn't hiding much here, but the paper has the details.)















Dune 2.4.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-2-4-0/5288/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the dune team, I'm pleased to announce the release of dune 2.4=
.0. This releases features support for
mdx, an interesting t=
ake on the notebook paradigm by the RWO team. This release also includes a =
crucial fix to
polling mode which makes it usable in environments with finite memory :slig=
ht_smile:.





Happy hacking!








2.4.0 (06/03/2020)




    

  • Add mdx extension and stanza version 0.1 (#3094, @NathanRe=
b)
    • 


  • Allow to make Odoc warnings fatal. This is configured from the (e=
nv ...)
stanza. (#3029, @Julow)
    • 


  • Fix separate compilation of JS when findlib is not installed. (#3177, @=
nojb)
    • 


  • Add a dune describe command to obtain the topology of a du=
ne workspace, for
projects such as ROTOR. (#3128, @diml)
    • 


  • Add plugin linking mode for executables and the (emb=
ed_in_plugin_libraries
  ...) field. (#3141, @nojb)
    • 


  • Add an %{ext_plugin} variable (#3141, @nojb)
    • 


  • Dune will no longer build shared objects for stubs if
supports_shared_libraries is false (#3225, fixes #3222, @rgrin=
berg)
    • 


  • Fix a memory leak in the file-watching mode (dune build -w)
(#3220, @snowleopard and @aalekseyev)
    • 

















Tyxml 4.4.0





Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tyxml-4-4-0/5290/1








Gabriel Radanne announced





I have the pleasure to announce the release of TyXML 4.4.0, with special Reason su=
pport!





TyXML is a library for bui=
lding statically correct HTML and SVG documents. TyXML provides a set of co=
mbinators which use
the OCaml type system to ensure the validity of the HTML. TyXML is now a st=
able library and this release comes with a few newly supported elements and
attributes (such as ARIA elements) and associated bug fixes. However, the m=
ain novelty of this release is a long awaited feature: the support for Reason=E2=80=99s
JSX syntax in the brand new tyxml-jsx package.





See the complete announcement for code examples and details: https://drup.github.io/2020/03/06=
/tyxml440/















first release of oplsr: an OCaml wrapper to the pls R package=
 - Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-oplsr-an-ocaml-wra=
pper-to-the-pls-r-package-partial-least-squares-pls-regression/5293/1








UnixJunkie announced





It is my great pleasure to release one more hackish
wrapper to use some R package from within OCaml:





https://github.com/UnixJunk=
ie/oplsr





For some background:
=
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_least_squares_regression





Cf. test.ml in the sources for a usage example.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 10 to 17,
2020.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Unicode 13.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
Introducing dune describe
Introducing Model_quickcheck. Quickcheck for stateful, imperative code
Odig 0.0.5
Suggestions for ocaml documentation
Introducing Gopcaml mode - structural OCaml editing
Try OCaml 2.0 (beta)
jose 0.2.0
Old CWN


Unicode 13.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Unicode 13.0.0 was released on the 10th of march.

  It adds 5390 characters to the standard including graphic symbols for
  legacy computing. If you were looking for characters representing
  seven-segment decimal digits, now you [have them]. For the curious,
  the [encoding proposal] has the motivation and source of these new
  symbols. For more information about all the other additions, see [this
  page].

  Accordingly the libraries mentioned at the end of this message had to
  be updated, consult the individual release notes for details. Both
  Uucd and Uucp are incompatible releases sinces new script and block
  enumerants had to be added.

  Uucp has a new Emoji module with the new emoji properties introduced
  in 13.0.0 which are now used by Uuseg to improve emoji
  segmentation. The overall compiled size of Uucp shrinked a bit; here
  uucp.cmxs went from 7.8Mo to 4.6Mo. Further reduction can likely be
  achieved with more work. Thanks to David Kaloper Mer=C5=A1injak for helpi=
ng
  on this.

  A periodic reminder, if Unicode still puzzles you, read an absolute
  minimal Unicode introduction and OCaml Unicode tips on [this page]
  (also available via `odig doc uucp').

  Happy retro computing,

  Daniel

  P.S. The OCaml compiler [detected] an obsolete rule in the 13.0.0
  update of the Unicode line breaking algorithm.

  =E2=80=94

  Uucd 13.0.0 Unicode character database decoder for OCaml.

  

  Uucp 13.0.0 Unicode character properties for OCaml.

  

  Uunf 13.0.0 Unicode text normalization for OCaml.

  

  Uuseg 13.0.0 Unicode text segmentation for OCaml.

  


[have them] 

[encoding proposal]


[this page]


[this page] 

[detected]



Introducing dune describe
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Just a quick post to introduce the new `dune describe' command in Dune
  2.4.0. If you'd like to write a tool that needs to understand the
  structure of a dune project, figure out where the cmt files are
  located, etc=E2=80=A6, this is the command to look at.

  The command is not production ready yet, but the infrastructure is in
  place. If you are interested in releasing tools that rely on it,
  please let us know so that we can discuss what information you need
  out of dune and also so that we can stabilise it.

  


Introducing Model_quickcheck. Quickcheck for stateful, imperative code
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


suttonshire announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm sharing a small project I've been working on that I hope will be
  interesting or useful to the community. [Model_quickcheck] is a
  model-based testing system that allows you to validate the
  "properties" of stateful, imperative OCaml programs. It's built on
  Jane Street's Base_quickcheck.

  I just started learning OCaml and one of the first projects I've been
  working on is a user-space reliable transport protocol. Writing tests
  for this system became unwieldy because I was trying to validate
  certain properties of the protocol by thinking up very specific
  sequences of actions that would invoke behaviors that relied on that
  property. I got tired of it and got curious if there was a way to
  generate these interesting sequences. My research turned up frameworks
  like [QCSTM] and [PropEr] for state machine property-based
  testing. This seemed to be exactly what I needed so I started building
  something similar.

  To use Model_quickcheck you specify a set of actions to apply to your
  program, a model that describes the state of you program and a set of
  predicates that define the properties of you system. The model is
  hopefully a simpler representation of your system e.g. a map instead
  of a key-value database, or a queue instead of a reliable network
  protocol. Model_quickcheck then generates a random sequences of
  actions applies them to your system and verifies the properties.

  This has been an exciting and useful project. I've learned a bunch
  about the Base library, Quickcheck, first class modules, and inline
  tests. I'm just getting started, but I just wanted to share the
  project with the community since I've learned a lot by lurking here.


[Model_quickcheck] 

[QCSTM] 

[PropEr] 


Odig 0.0.5
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  `odig' has a new release. See the [release notes] for details.

  Installation: `opam install ocaml-manual odig'

  Tutorial: 

  odig is a command line tool to lookup documentation of installed OCaml
  packages. It shows package metadata, readmes, change logs, licenses,
  cross-referenced `odoc' API documentation and manuals.


[release notes]



Suggestions for ocaml documentation
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


sanette announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  The "OCaml API", which is the documentation for the standard library,
  is now complete for all versions 4.00=E2=80=934.10, with a quick search f=
ield,
  on the demo site:

  


Introducing Gopcaml mode - structural OCaml editing
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kiran Gopinathan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hi all, I am pleased to announce the first release of Gopcaml-mode, a
  new emacs library that aims to extend the existing OCaml editing
  experience with structural editing capabilities.

  A picture is worth a thousand words, so I'll cut to the chase, and
  start with a few demonstrations:


Examples
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 AST-based code navigation - `C-M-n, C-M-p, C-M-u, C-M-d, C-M-f,
    C-M-b'

  

  =E2=80=A2 AST-based code transformation -`C-M-N, C-M-P, C-M-F, C-M-B'

  

  =E2=80=A2 Mark exp - `C-M-SPC'

  

  =E2=80=A2 Extract expression into letdef - `C-c C-e'

  

  This is just a small sample of the features - a full listing is
  provided at the project readme, which can be found at the [project
  page].


[project page] 


Notes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This plugin is quite faithful to the OCaml specification and doesn't
  reimplement a separate OCaml parser as some other plugins do - instead
  I use the Ecaml package (which allows interfacing with Emacs from
  OCaml code) to allow delegating to the OCaml parser (from
  Ocaml-compiler-libs) directly.

  It's in the process of being published to opam, and should be
  available to download soon.


Try OCaml 2.0 (beta)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Louis Gesbert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  OCamlPro is happy to announce the release of a new version of the
  venerable [Try OCaml tool].

  This tool allows you to quickly test OCaml snippets from anywhere,
  directly from your browser. It's still in beta, so any issues or
  comments are welcome below.

  The new version is a complete refactor and redesign, based on the
  backend of Learn-OCaml.

  Original announcement:
  


[Try OCaml tool] 


jose 0.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Ulrik Strid announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I recently released a JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption library
  to opam.

  The main usecase for JOSE is JWT and JWK and is a comprehensive
  library for both unlike some other libraries that currently exist in
  the ecosystem. It uses mirage-crypto and supports RSA and OCT keys
  currently and will support EC when mirage-crypto does.

  I have not really implemented the encryption part yet but if anyone
  needs JWE I'll gladly do the work or accept PRs.

  The project was initially developed in Reason but I changed over to
  OCaml at some point because of limitations in Reason at the time but
  the repo still has the old name.

  The docs can be found here:
  

  The repo can be found here:
  


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 10 to 17, 2020.









Unicode 13.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/unicode-13-0-0-=
update-for-uucd-uucp-uunf-and-uuseg/5298/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





Unicode 13.0.0 was released on the 10th of march.





It adds 5390 characters to the standard including graphic symbols for legac=
y computing. If you were looking for characters representing seven-segment =
decimal digits, now you have them. For the curious, the encoding proposal has the motivat=
ion and source of these new symbols. For more information about all the oth=
er additions, see this page.





Accordingly the libraries mentioned at the end of this message had to be up=
dated, consult the individual release notes for details. Both Uucd and Uucp=
 are incompatible releases sinces new script and block enumerants had to be=
 added.





Uucp has a new Emoji module with the new emoji properties introduced in 13.=
0.0 which are now used by Uuseg to improve emoji segmentation. The overall =
compiled size of Uucp shrinked a bit; here uucp.cmxs went from 7.8Mo to 4.6=
Mo. Further reduction can likely be achieved with more work. Thanks to Davi=
d Kaloper Mer=C5=A1injak for helping on this.





A periodic reminder, if Unicode still puzzles you, read an absolute minimal=
 Unicode introduction and OCaml Unicode tips on this page (also available via odig doc uucp).





Happy retro computing,





Daniel





P.S. The OCaml compiler detected an obsolete rule in the 13.0.0 updat=
e of the Unicode line breaking algorithm.





—





Uucd 13.0.0 Unicode character database decoder for OCaml.





http://erratique.ch/software/=
uucd





Uucp 13.0.0 Unicode character properties for OCaml.





http://erratique.ch/software/=
uucp





Uunf 13.0.0 Unicode text normalization for OCaml.





http://erratique.ch/software/=
uunf





Uuseg 13.0.0 Unicode text segmentation for OCaml.





http://erratique.ch/software=
/uuseg















Introducing dune describe





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/introducing-dune-describe/5300/1








J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced





Just a quick post to introduce the new dune describe command i=
n Dune 2.4.0. If you'd like to write a tool that needs to understand the st=
ructure of a dune project, figure out where the cmt files are located, etc&=
#x2026;, this is the command to look at.





The command is not production ready yet, but the infrastructure is in place=
. If you are interested in releasing tools that rely on it, please let us k=
now so that we can discuss what information you need out of dune and also s=
o that we can stabilise it.





https://dune.build/blog/=
dune-describe/















Introducing Model_quickcheck. Quickcheck for stateful, imperat=
ive code





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/introducing-model-quickcheck-quickcheck-for-stateful-imperative-code/530=
1/1








suttonshire announced





I'm sharing a small project I've been working on that I hope will be intere=
sting or useful to the community. Model_quickcheck is a model-based testing system tha=
t allows you to validate the "properties" of stateful, imperative OCaml pro=
grams. It's built on Jane Street's Base_quickcheck.





I just started learning OCaml and one of the first projects I've been worki=
ng on is a user-space reliable transport protocol. Writing tests for this s=
ystem became unwieldy because I was trying to validate certain properties o=
f the protocol by thinking up very specific sequences of actions that would=
 invoke behaviors that relied on that property. I got tired of it and got c=
urious if there was a way to generate these interesting sequences. My resea=
rch turned up frameworks like QCS=
TM and PropEr for state machine property-based testing. This seemed t=
o be exactly what I needed so I started building something similar.





To use Model_quickcheck you specify a set of actions to apply to your progr=
am, a model that describes the state of you program and a set of predicates=
 that define the properties of you system. The model is hopefully a simpler=
 representation of your system e.g. a map instead of a key-value database, =
or a queue instead of a reliable network protocol. Model_quickcheck then ge=
nerates a random sequences of actions applies them to your system and verif=
ies the properties.





This has been an exciting and useful project. I've learned a bunch about th=
e Base library, Quickcheck, first class modules, and inline tests. I'm just=
 getting started, but I just wanted to share the project with the community=
 since I've learned a lot by lurking here.















Odig 0.0.5





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-odig-0-0-5/5304/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





odig has a new release. See the releas=
e notes for details.





Installation: opam install ocaml-manual odig





Tutorial: ht=
tps://erratique.ch/software/odig/doc/manual.html





odig is a command line tool to lookup documentation of installed OCaml pack=
ages. It shows package metadata, readmes, change logs, licenses, cross-refe=
renced odoc API documentation and manuals.















Suggestions for ocaml documentation





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/suggestions-for-ocaml-documen=
tation/4504/50








sanette announced





The "OCaml API", which is the documentation for the standard library, is no=
w complete for all versions 4.00–4.10,
with a quick search field, on the demo site:





https://sanette.github.io/=
ocaml-api/















Introducing Gopcaml mode - structural OCaml editing





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/introducing-gopc=
aml-mode-structural-ocaml-editing/5310/1








Kiran Gopinathan announced





Hi all, I am pleased to announce the first release of Gopcaml-mode, a new e=
macs library that aims to extend the
existing OCaml editing experience with structural editing capabilities.





A picture is worth a thousand words, so I'll cut to the chase, and start wi=
th a few demonstrations:







Examples




    

  • AST-based code navigation - C-M-n, C-M-p, C-M-u, C-M-d, C-M-f, C-=
M-b
    • 







3D"gopcaml_move_expression_exa=






    

  • AST-based code transformation -C-M-N, C-M-P, C-M-F, C-M-B<=
/li>







3D"gopcaml_move_function_example=






    

  • Mark exp - C-M-SPC
    • 







3D"gopcaml_mark_sexp.gif"






    

  • Extract expression into letdef - C-c C-e
    • 







3D"gopcaml_extraction_expressio=







This is just a small sample of the features - a full listing is provided at=
 the project readme, which can be found at the project page.










Notes





This plugin is quite faithful to the OCaml specification and doesn't reimpl=
ement a separate OCaml parser as some
other plugins do - instead I use the Ecaml package (which allows interfacin=
g with Emacs from OCaml code) to allow
delegating to the OCaml parser (from Ocaml-compiler-libs) directly.





It's in the process of being published to opam, and should be available to =
download soon.

















Try OCaml 2.0 (beta)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-try-ocaml-2-0-beta/5325/1








Louis Gesbert announced





OCamlPro is happy to announce the release of a new version of the venerable=
 Try OCaml tool.





This tool allows you to quickly test OCaml snippets from anywhere, directly=
 from your browser. It's still in beta, so any issues or comments are welco=
me below.





The new version is a complete refactor and redesign, based on the backend o=
f Learn-OCaml.





Original announcement: http://www.ocamlpro.com/2020/03/16/new-version=
-of-try-ocaml-in-beta/















jose 0.2.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-jose-0-2-0/5328/1








Ulrik Strid announced





I recently released a JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption library to o=
pam.





The main usecase for JOSE is JWT and JWK and is a comprehensive library for=
 both unlike some other libraries that currently exist in the ecosystem. It=
 uses mirage-crypto and supports RSA and OCT keys currently and will suppor=
t EC when mirage-crypto does.





I have not really implemented the encryption part yet but if anyone needs J=
WE I'll gladly do the work or accept PRs.





The project was initially developed in Reason but I changed over to OCaml a=
t some point because of limitations in Reason at the time but the repo stil=
l has the old name.





The docs can be found here: https://ulrikstrid.github.io/reason-jose/





The repo can be found here: https://github.com/ulrikstrid/reason-jose/















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--

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From: Alan Schmitt 
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 17 to 24, 2020.









Luv 0.5.1 =E2=80=94 a libuv binding =E2=80=94 Windows support<=
/h2>




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/luv-0-5-1-a-libuv-bindin=
g-windows-support/5334/1








Anton Bachin announced





I am pleased to announce release 0.5.1 of Luv. The main change is the addition of Windows support,=
 which makes Luv fully cross-platform.





Accordingly, Luv 0.5.1 is now installable from both the main opam repo, and=
 from opam-repository-mingw.





https://github.com/aantron/luv





Also, as a side effect of the build system refactoring that was needed to s=
upport Windows, Luv's build system no
longer requires Python, and supports cross-compilation.





The other noteworthy change in release 0.5.1 is a routine upgrade of the ve=
ndored libuv to its latest version,
1.35.0.















resto 0.2 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-resto-0-2-released/5028/2








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced








Releases of resto 0.3 and 0.4





On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I'm happy to announce the release of versions 0.=
3 and 0.4 of resto. Both versions are
available through opam and available on https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/resto.





The main change in 0.3 is to depend on json-data-encoding, the=
 fork of the unmaintained ocplib-json-typed.





The changes of 0.4 are more invasive and require users changes:



    

  • handle the new `Gone response code, and
    • 

  • pass gettimeofday manually.
    • 





This last feature removes a dependency from resto-cohttp to Unix, and thus helps with use within a js_of_ocaml =
environment.

















Bisect_ppx 2.0.0 =E2=80=94 code coverage for OCaml with nice H=
TML reports





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/bi=
sect-ppx-2-0-0-code-coverage-for-ocaml-with-nice-html-reports/5338/1








Anton Bachin announced





I am pleased to announce release 2.0.0 of Bisect_ppx, the OCaml coverage tool, which=
 helps
you see which parts of your code are not being tested.







3D"1911adc6af89=







This release is a major upgrade. The highlights are:




    

  • Support for BuckleScript, js_of_ocaml, and esy. In other words, Bisect_=
ppx now compiles to both native code and JS, and is published in both opam =
and npm.
    • 

  • The ability to send reports automatically from Travis and CircleCI to Coveralls an=
d Codecov. More integrations can be added over time.
    • 

  • The awkward (*BISECT-IGNORE*) comments for excluding code =
from instrumentation have been replaced by AST attributes like [@cove=
rage off] (https://github.com/aantron/bisect_ppx#Exclusion).
    • 

  • A new, more principled instrumentation algorithm.
    • 

  • A new reporter command line based on Cmdliner. Run bisect-ppx-report --h=
elp to get started with it.
    • 

  • Syntax highlighting.
    • 





You are invited to peruse the all-new README for details :)





Several features have been deprecated; mostly command-line flags. You can s=
ee the list in the Deprecations section of the changelog. However, it =
may be easier to simply try using Bisect_ppx as before =E2=80=93 it will wa=
rn you if you use a deprecated flag. The deprecated flags will be removed i=
n Bisect_ppx 2.1.0, expected around July 2020.





Happy testing!





https://github.com/aantro=
n/bisect_ppx















OCaml 4.09.1 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-09-1-released/5341/1








octachron announced





We have the pleasure of celebrating the anniversary of the first spacewalk,
conducted by Alexei Leonov, by announcing the release of OCaml version 4.09=
.1.
This is mainly a bug-fix release, with a handful of configuration fixes and
a GC fix backported from 4.10.0 . See the list of changes below for more de=
tails.





It is (or soon will be) available as a set of OPAM switches,
and as a source download here:





https://gi=
thub.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.09.1.tar.gz








Changes in 4.09.1:




    

  • #9073, #9120: fix incorrect =
GC ratio multiplier when allocating custom blocks with caml_alloc_custom_me=
m in runtime/custom.c (Markus Mottl, review by Gabriel Scherer and Damien D=
oligez)
    • 


  • #8855, #8858: Links for tool=
s not created when installing with –disable-installing-byecode-progr=
ams (e.g. ocamldep.opt installed, but ocamldep link not created) (David All=
sopp, report by Thomas Leonard)
    • 


  • #8947, #9134, #9302: fix/improve support for=
 the BFD library (S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer, review by Damien Doligez and Dav=
id Allsopp)
    • 


  • #8953, #8954: Fix error subm=
essages in the toplevel: do not display dummy locations (Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=
=A9neau, review by Gabriel Scherer)
    • 


  • #8965, #8979: Alpine build f=
ailure caused by check-parser-uptodate-or-warn.sh (Gabriel Scherer and Davi=
d Allsopp, report by Anton Kochkov)
    • 


  • #8985, #8986: fix generation=
 of the primitives when the locale collation is incompatible with C. (David=
 Allsopp, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, report by Sebastian Rasmus=
sen)
    • 


  • #9050, #9076: install missin=
g compilerlibs/ocamlmiddleend archives (Gabriel Scherer, review by Florian =
Angeletti, report by Olaf Hering)
    • 


  • #9144, #9180: multiple defin=
itions of global variables in the C runtime, causing problems with GCC 10.0=
 and possibly with other C compilers (Xavier Leroy, report by J=C3=BCrgen R=
euter, review by Mark Shinwell)
    • 


  • #9180: pass =
-fno-common option to C compiler when available, so as to detect problemati=
c multiple definitions of global variables in the C runtime (Xavier Leroy, =
review by Mark Shinwell)
    • 


  • #9128: Fix a=
 bug in bytecode mode which could lead to a segmentation fault. The bug was=
 caused by the fact that the atom table shared a page with some bytecode. T=
he fix makes sure both the atom table and the minor heap have their own pag=
es. (Jacques-Henri Jourdan, review by Stephen Dolan, Xavier Leroy and Gabri=
el Scherer)
    • 

















Cookie 0.1.6





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cookie-0-1-6/5346/1








Ulrik Strid announced





I recently released a cookie library. It can parse and create cookie header=
s (list((string, string) which both
Cohttp and Httpaf uses), both Set-Cookie and Cookie so it works on both client and server. It should be compliant with https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6=
265 and I have a pretty good test suite for the parsing of cookies at l=
east.





I couldn=E2=80=99t find a standalone library before this so I decided to cr=
eate one since I need it for my web framework, Morph.





The next step is to create and publish integrations with ocaml-session whi=
ch I have started.

















First release of lwt-pipeline





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-lwt-pipelin=
e/4220/2








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





A second release of lwt-pipeline (v0.2) is available through <=
code>opam. This new release makes no change to the code and only aff=
ects the following:




    

  • looser constraints on versions of dune dependency,
    • 

  • tests,
    • 

  • tests are executed in CI,
    • 

  • minor documentation improvements.
    • 















Using Ocaml as scripting language - piping sh commands





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/using-ocaml-a=
s-scripting-language-piping-sh-commands/5366/1








Nicolas Tollenaere announced





I am trying to use ocaml to pipe the result of a command to another (I woul=
d also be interested in feeding a string
or a io stream into a sh command). For example, I would like to do the equi=
valent of cat foo.txt | grep thing, or
pipe the result of one of my ocaml function into grep.





Quite surprinsingly, neither the Stdlib or Batteries Sys modules expose any=
 way to handle the output of Sys.command
directly (I would have thought there would be optional input and output arg=
uments defaulting to stdin and stdout, or
something along that). Batteries IO module does expose a pipe function but =
it's not clear for me how it would
interact with the Sys module. Any ideas or other modules/package I could us=
e ?











Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r suggested





I think you may be interested by https://github.com/janestreet/shexp.











Nicolas Tollenaere then said





@grayswandyr @nojb Thanks for the suggestion. I just found shcaml http://tov.github.io/shcaml/doc/ =
and I was going to
give it a try, do you know how it compares to shexp ?











David Chemouil replied





AFAIK shcaml is unmaintained, but the approach is very nice indeed.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 24 to 31, 2020.









An In-Depth Look at OCaml=E2=80=99s New =E2=80=9CBest-Fit=E2=
=80=9D Garbage Collector Strategy





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/an-in-depth-look-at-ocaml-s-new-best-fit-garbage-collector-strategy/5370/=
1








OCamlPro announced





The Garbage Collector is probably OCaml=E2=80=99s greatest unsung hero. Its=
 pragmatic approach allows us to allocate without
much fear of efficiency loss. We looked into its new "Best-fit" strategy an=
d here is what we learned!
http://www.ocamlpro.com/2020/03/23/ocaml-new-best-fit-garbage-col=
lector/















First release of Pp, a pretty-printing library





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-releas=
e-of-pp-a-pretty-printing-library/5371/1








J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced





I'm happy to announce the first release of the pp library! This library provides a lean alternative to the
=
Format module of the standard library. It uses the same comcepts of box=
es and break hints, however it
defines its own algebra which some might find easier to work with and reaso=
n about.  I personally do :) The final
rendering is still done via a formatter which makes it easy to integrate Pp in existing programs using Format.





We introduced this module in Dune to hel=
p improve the formatting of messages printed in the terminal and it
has been a success. The new API is smaller, simpler and makes it easy for d=
evelopers to do the right thing. Once the
Pp module of Dune was mature enough, we decided to extract it =
into a separate library so that it could benefit
others.





The library itself is composed of a single Pp module and has n=
o dependencies.  Its documentation is self-contained
and no previous knowledge is required to start using it, however the variou=
s guides for the Format module such as
this o=
ne should be applicable to Pp as well.





If you have used Format before and like me found its API compl=
icated and difficult to use, I hope that you will
find Pp nicer to work with!











Josh Berdine then said





Another great resource for understanding the core mental model of Format is=
 Format
Unraveled, although if I understand pp
correctly the discussion about Format not being document-based won't apply =
to pp.















soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-soupault-a-static-website-generator-based-on-html-rewriting/4126/13








Daniil Baturin announced





1.10.=
0 release is available.





Bug fixes:



    

  • Files without extensions are handled correctly.
    • 





New features:



    

  • Plugin discovery: if you save a plugin to plugins/my-plugin.lua, it's automatically loaded as a widget named
    • 




my-plugin. List of plugin directories is configurable.



    

  • New plugin API functions: HTMLget_tag_name, HTML.sel=
ect_any_of, HTML.select_all_of.
    • 

  • The HTML module is now "monadic": giving a nil to a functi=
on that expects an element gives you a nil back, rather than cause a runtim=
e error.
    • 















routes: path based routing for web applications





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-routes-path=
-based-routing-for-web-applications/3624/6








Anurag Soni announced





0.7.2 release is now=
 available on opam. There have been quite a few changes
since the previous versions.




    

  • Routes doesn't deal with HTTP methods anymore
    • 

  • The internal implementation is now based around a trie like data struct=
ure
    • 

  • Routes have pretty printers
    • 

  • sprintf style route printing is supported again
    • 

  • Minimum supported OCaml version is now 4.05 (it used to be 4.06)
    • 

  • There is a release available for bucklescript as well and it is availab=
le to install via npm.
    • 















Compiler Engineer at Mixtional Code in Darmstadt or anywhere e=
lse in Germany





Archive: https://discuss.o=
caml.org/t/compiler-engineer-at-mixtional-code-in-darmstadt-or-anywhere-els=
e-in-germany/5377/1








Gerd Stolpmann announced





Type of position:




    

  • regular hire (no freelancers)
    • 

  • full time
    • 

  • work from home anywhere in Germany, or in the office in Darmstadt
    • 

  • work for a small and highly skilled international team, located in the =
US and Europe
    • 

  • the team language is English
    • 





We are developing a compiler for a no-code platform that translates our DSL=
 to bytecode and/or WebAssembly. The
language is largely of functional type but is also able to manage state wit=
h a spreadsheet model, allowing reactive
programming without having to resort to libraries. The language is statical=
ly typed using a Hindley-Milner type
checker. The compiler is primarily written in OCaml. Other languages of our=
 platform are Go, Elm, and Javascript.





We are looking for a compiler engineer with strong skills in all relevant a=
reas:




    

  • fluent in OCaml or a similar language such as Haskell
    • 

  • Understanding of the structure of the DSL, including syntax and semanti=
cs
    • 

  • Translation of FP languages to executable code
    • 

  • Code optimization
    • 

  • Graph algorithms
    • 

  • Type checking
    • 





We are open to both juniors and seniors, and payment will be accordingly. W=
e are not so much interested in formal
certifications but rather in real practice, either from previous jobs, rese=
arch projects, or contributions to open
source projects.





The no-code platform is being developed by engineers in Europe and the US a=
t various places, and we usually do not
meet physically but in video conferences. Working from home is very usual. =
We also get you a desk in your home town
if you prefer this. The compiler development is lead by Gerd Stolpmann from=
 Darmstadt.





Due to the strong connections to the US, video conferences will often have =
to take place in evening hours, until
around 7pm or 8pm.





Applications: please follow the "Apply" link at the official web page descr=
ibing the position:
https://rmx.mixtional=
.de/static/54657cda/





Gerd Stolpmann 

CEO of Mixtional Code GmbH (and OCaml hacker of the first hour) 

Contact and company details: https://www.mixtional.de/contact.html











S=C3=A9bastien Besnier asked





I'm living in France, can I apply to the position (we are neighbors!)?











Gerd Stolpmann replied





Well, I can (at the moment) only make contracts using German law and for th=
e social security system here. So, if you
need a doctor you'd have to travel… If my company was a bit bigger t=
here would be the option of opening a second
site in France (even a very minimal one), but the setup costs are so far to=
o high (lawyers and accountants), and it
is too distracting for me to keep up with the fine points of the system in =
France. Unfortunately, the EU is not that
far that it is super simple for an employer to hire anywhere in Europe. - T=
hanks for asking.















tiny-httpd 0.5





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tiny-httpd-0-5/5381/1








Simon Cruanes announced





I just released tiny-httpd 0.5 and the new tiny-httpd-camlzip, which makes =
it possible to use deflate transparently
for queries and responses. The server has evolved quietly and is getting so=
mewhat more robust: I'm using it for an
internal tool with big html pages (up to several MB) and it's reasonably fa=
st and doesn't seem to memleak. There's
also an improved http_of_dir to quickly and simply serve a dir=
ectory on an arbitrary port.





Previous announcement here















Visual Studio Code plugin for OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-preview-visual=
-studio-code-plugin-for-ocaml/5395/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





I'm proud to announce a preview release of an VSC extension for
OCaml. You can fetch and install this plugin directly from the
extension marketplace if you search for "OCaml Labs". The extension isn't y=
et mature, but I believe that it offers a
user experience comparable to other VSC extensions for OCaml already. The p=
lugin should be used in conjunction with
ocaml-lsp





The extension is for the OCaml "platform", which means that its scope inclu=
des support for various tools used in
OCaml development such as dune, opam.





Bug reports & contributions are welcome. Happy hacking.















Dismas: a tool for automatically making cross-versions of opam=
 packages





Archive: https://d=
iscuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-prototype-dismas-a-tool-for-automatically-making-cro=
ss-versions-of-opam-packages/5404/1








Daniil Baturin announced





opam-cross-* are seriously lagging behind the official opam repository and =
fdopen's opam-windows, not least because
importing packages by hand is a lot of work.
I suppose at least a semi-automated process could help those repos grow and=
 stay in sync with the upstream much
faster.





I've made a prototype of a tool for "stealing" packages into cross-repos. F=
or obvious reasons it's called Dismas.
You can find it here: https://github.com/dmbaturin/scripts/blob/master/dismas.m=
l





Limitations:




    

  • the code is a real mess for now
    • 

  • only dune is supported by automatic build command adjustment
    • 

  • it cannot handle cases when both native and cross-version of a dependen=
cy are needed
    • 





However:




    

  • For simple packages that use dune exclusively, it's completely automate=
d. I've ported bigstreamaf and angstrom to test it, and cross-versions buil=
t just fine from its output, no editing was needed.
    • 

  • It automatically converts dependencies from foo to too-$toolchain and r=
emoves dependencies and build steps only
    • 




needed for with-test and with-doc.




$ ./dismas.ml windows containers ~/devel/opam-repository/packages/container=
s/containers.2.8.1/opam
opam-version: "2.0"
maintainer: "simon.cruanes.2007@m4x.org"
synopsis:
  "A modular, clean and powerful extension of the OCaml standard library"
build: [
  ["dune" "build" "-p" "containers" "-j" jobs "-x" "windows"]
]
depends: [
  "ocaml-windows" {>=3D "4.03.0"}
  "dune" {>=3D "1.1"}
  "dune-configurator"
  "seq-windows"
]
depopts: ["base-unix" "base-threads"]
tags: ["stdlib" "containers" "iterators" "list" "heap" "queue"]
homepage: "https://github.com/c-cube/ocaml-containers/"
doc: "https://c-cube.github.io/ocaml-containers"
dev-repo: "git+https://github.com/c-cube/ocaml-containers.git"
bug-reports: "https://github.com/c-cube/ocaml-containers/issues/"
authors: "Simon Cruanes"
url {
  src: "https://github.com/c-cube/ocaml-containers/archive/v2.8.1.tar.gz"
  checksum: [
    "md5=3Dd84e09c5d0abc501aa17cd502e31a038"
    "sha512=3D8b832f4ada6035e80d81be0cfb7bdffb695ec67d465ed6097a144019e2b8a=
8f909095e78019c3da2d8181cc3cd730cd48f7519e87d3162442562103b7f36aabb"
  ]
}

$ ./dismas.ml windows containers ~/devel/opam-repository/packages/container=
s/containers.2.8.1/opam | diff
~/devel/opam-repository/packages/containers/containers.2.8.1/opam -
3c3,4
< synopsis: "A modular, clean and powerful extension of the OCaml standa=
rd library"
---
> synopsis:
>   "A modular, clean and powerful extension of the OCaml standard libra=
ry"
5,7c6
<   ["dune" "build" "-p" name "-j" jobs]
<   ["dune" "build" "@doc" "-p" name ] {with-doc}
<   ["dune" "runtest" "-p" name "-j" jobs] {with-test}
---
>   ["dune" "build" "-p" "containers" "-j" jobs "-x" "windows"]
10,11c9,10
<   "ocaml" { >=3D "4.03.0" }
<   "dune" { >=3D "1.1" }
---
>   "ocaml-windows" {>=3D "4.03.0"}
>   "dune" {>=3D "1.1"}
13,21c12
<   "seq"
<   "qtest" { with-test }
<   "qcheck" { with-test }
<   "ounit" { with-test }
<   "iter" { with-test }
<   "gen" { with-test }
<   "uutf" { with-test }
<   "mdx" { with-test & >=3D "1.5.0" & < "2.0.0" }
<   "odoc" { with-doc }
---
>   "seq-windows"
23,27c14,15
< depopts: [
<   "base-unix"
<   "base-threads"
< ]
< tags: [ "stdlib" "containers" "iterators" "list" "heap" "queue" ]
---
> depopts: ["base-unix" "base-threads"]
> tags: ["stdlib" "containers" "iterators" "list" "heap" "queue"]





Things to do:




    

  • identify all packages that don't need cross-versions. Is cppo one of th=
em, for example?
    • 

  • add support for cases when both native and cross versions are needed. I=
f menhir the only one?
    • 

  • add support for other build systems. Do all of them work well with `OCA=
MLFIND_TOOLCHAIN=3Dwindows` if the build setup is written correctly?
    • 





Input from @toots and @pirbo is welcome.











Romain Beauxis then said





That's a great initiative! Here are a couple of thoughts:



    

  • For dune-based packages, things are indeed pretty straight-forward. Fin=
ding out which dependencies need to be ported as cross-dependency is indeed=
 the part that's hard to automatize
    • 

  • For other build systems, it's less clear to me how to automatize. Maybe=
 others have some thoughts about it.
    • 

  • The CI system on opam-cross-windows is pretty good at building from scr=
atch and failing if some deps are missing so trial and error there can be a=
 great tool.
    • 

  • Once solved for one cross situation, the problem of cross-dependencies =
should be exactly the same for all other cross environment (android, iOS)





I haven't looked at the tool very closely yet but I'd say a first improveme=
nt would be to be able to track
cross-dependencies resolution and generate new version of the package using=
 them and/or generate other cross-compiled
packages using them.











Anton Kochkov said





For automated pull requests, you might be interested in https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
dependabot-and-ocaml/4282











Daniil Baturin then asked





I'm not sure if I understand the premise of dependabot. Why would anyone ha=
rdcode specific dependency versions? Maybe
it makes sense in certain ecosystems that suffer from never-ending ecologic=
al disasters… ;)





In any case, most opam packages don't have a constraint on the upper versio=
ns of their dependencies. Can dependabot
use custom tracking rules to check for presense of a newer version in the r=
epo?
My thought was much simpler actually: track the commits in opam-repository,=
 run recently changed files through Dismas
and send pull requests to opam-cross-*











Yawar Amin replied





It's common practice nowadays to use semantic versioning and have lockfiles=
 for reproducible builds. Dependabot
updates semantic version ranges and lockfiles. See e.g.

















Multicore OCaml: March 2020 update





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-march-2020-updat=
e/5406/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





Welcome to the March 2020 news update from the Multicore OCaml team!  This =
update has been assembled with
@shakthimaan and @kayceesrk, as with the February
and January ones.





Our work this month was primarily focused on performance improvements to th=
e Multicore OCaml compiler and runtime, as
part of a comprehensive evaluation exercise. We continue to add additional =
benchmarks to the Sandmark test suite. The
eventlog tracing system and the use of hash tables for marshaling in upstre=
am OCaml are in progress, and more PRs are
being queued up for OCaml 4.11.0-dev as well.





The biggest observable change for users trying the branch is that a new GC =
(the "parallel minor gc") has been merged
in preference to the previous one ("the concurrent minor gc").  We will hav=
e the details in longer form at a later
stage, but the essential gist is that the parallel minor GC no longer re=
quires a read barrier or changes to the C
API.  It may have slightly worse scalability properties at a very high =
number of cores, but is roughly equivalent
at up to 24 cores in our evaluations.  Given the vast usability improvement=
 from not having to port existing C FFI
uses, we have decided to make the parallel minor GC the default one for our=
 first upstream runtime patches. The
concurrent minor GC follow at a later stage when we ramp up testing to 64-c=
ore+ machines.  The multicore opam
remote has been updated to reflect these changes, for those who
wish to try it out at home.





We are now at a stage where we are porting larger applications to multicore=
.  Thanks go to:






If you do have other suggestions for application that you think might provi=
de useful benchmarks, then please do get
in touch with myself or @kayceesrk.





Onto the details! The various ongoing and completed tasks for Multicore OCa=
ml are listed first, which is followed by
the changes to the Sandmark benchmarking infrastructure and ongoing PRs to =
upstream OCaml.








Multicore OCaml






    

  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#240 Proposed implementation of threads in =
terms of Domain and Atomic

      


      
A new implementation of the `Threads` library for use with the new `Domain`=
 and `Atomic` modules in Multicore OCaml has been proposed. This builds Dun=
e 2.4.0 which in turn makes it useful to build other packages. This PR is o=
pen for review.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-multicore/safepoints-cmm-mach Better safe points for OC=
aml

      


      
A newer implementation to insert safe points at the Cmm level is being work=
ed upon in this branch.

      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Completed
    

    

    
The following PRs have been merged into Multicore OCaml:

    


      

    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#303 Account correctly for incremental mark=
 budget

      


      
The patch correctly measures the incremental mark budget value, and improve=
s the maximum latency for the `menhir.ocamly` benchmark.

      • 


    • ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#307 Put the phase change event in the =
actual phase change code. The PR includes the `major_gc/phase_change` event=
 in the appropriate context.
      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#309 Don't take all the full pools in one g=
o.

      


      
The code change selects one of the `global_full_pools` to try sweeping it l=
ater, instead of adopting all of the full ones.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#310 Statistics for the current domain are =
more recent than other domains

      


      
The statistics (`minor_words`, `promoted_words`, `major_words`, `minor_coll=
ections`) for the current domain are more recent, and are used in the right=
 context.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#315 Writes in `caml_blit_fields` should al=
ways use `caml_modify_field` to record `young_to_young` pointers

      


      
The PR enforces that `caml_modify_field()` is always used to store `young_t=
o_young` pointers.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#316 Fix bug with `Weak.blit`.

      


      
The ephemerons are allocated as marked, but, the keys or data can be unmark=
ed. The blit operations copy weak references from one ephemeron to another =
without marking them. The patch marks the keys that are blitted in order to=
 keep the unreachable keys alive for another major cycle.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#317 Return early for 0 length blit

      


      
The PR forces a `CAMLreturn()` call if the blit length is zero in `byterun/=
weak.c`.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#320 Move `num_domains_running` decrement

      


      
The `caml_domain_alone()` invocation needs to be used in the shared heap te=
ardown, and hence the `num_domains_running` decrement is moved as the last =
operation for at least the `shared_heap` lockfree fast paths.

      • 

    

    

    • 








Benchmarking





The Sandmark perfor=
mance benchmarking test suite has had newer benchmarks
added, and work is underway to enhance its functionality.




    

  • 
ocaml-bench/san=
dmark#88 Add PingPong Multicore benchmark

    


    
The PingPong benchmark that uses producer and consumer queues has now been =
included into Sandmark.

    • 


  • 
ocaml-bench/san=
dmark#98 Add the read/write Irmin benchmark

    


    
A basic read/write file performance benchmark for Irmin has been added to S=
andmark. You can vary the following input parameters: number of branches, n=
umber of keys, percentage of reads and writes, number of iterations, and th=
e number of write operations.

    • 


  • 
ocaml-bench/=
sandmark#100 Add Gram Matrix benchmark

    


    
 A request oc=
aml-bench/sandmark#99 to include the Gram Matrix initialization numeric=
al benchmark was created. This is useful for machine learning applications =
and is now available in the Sandmark performance benchmark suite. The speed=
up (sequential_time/multi_threaded_time) versus number of cores for Multico=
re (Concurrent Minor Collector), Parmap and Parany is quite significant and=
 illustrated in the graph:
3D"20dc869a8dda1c8=

    • 


  • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#103 Add depend target in Makefile

    


    
Sandmark now includes a `depend` target defined in the Makefile to check th=
at both `libgmp-dev` and `libdw-dev` packages are installed and available o=
n Ubuntu.

    • 


  • 
ocaml-bench/s=
andmark#90 More parallel benchmarks

    


    
An issue has been created to add more parallel benchmarks. We will use this=
 to keep track of the requests. Please feel free to add your wish list of b=
enchmarks!

    • 










OCaml



















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
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Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 31 to April 07,=
 2020.









Making a music player in OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/making-a-music-player-in-ocaml/5413=
/1








Dracose asked





I'm interested in making my own music player in OCaml so I wanted to know
whether there were any existing ones and/or examples of how to make one. Be=
ar in
mind, I am interested in the actual logic of how to read a music file (or a
playlist) and listening to it, rather than the front-end part of a music pl=
ayer.
(My knowledge of OCaml is intermediate)











Thomas Blanc suggested





You want to check https:/=
/github.com/savonet/liquidsoap











Yotam Barnoy then said





Wow @PatJ I didn't know about liquidsoap. I added it to ocamlverse. This is=
 what we have for the audio page now, in
case it's helpful to the OP: https://ocamlverse.github.io/content/audio.html











gndl also replied





I experimented with several solutions in the playo project.
One of the possible solutions is to use ocaml-gstreamer.
If you find that the gstreamer framework is too annoying (which I can under=
stand :-), you can use
ocaml-ffmpeg. note =
however that, in the latest version of ocaml-ffmpeg,
the audio device output no longer works. To overcome this
drawback, you can use ocaml-portaudio.















The end of Camlp4





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/the-end-of-camlp4/4216/96








Continuing this old thread, Chet Murthy announced





Perhaps worth mentioning briefly that for anybody who -wants- to continue u=
sing camlp4, I'm (a) maintaining camlp5
and bringing it up-to-date with everything in ocaml 4.10.0 that I can think=
 of, and (b) I'd be happy to help them
port their dependency over to camlp5.





This is not to be construed as an argument for using camlp4/5.















OCamlformat 0.14.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-0-14-0/5435/1








Etienne Millon announced





On behalf of the development team, I'd like to announce the release of ocam=
lformat version 0.14.0 :tada:.





Here are the main highlights of this release:








Support for OCaml 4.10





This means both that it compiles and runs using this version, but also that=
 it can format 4.10-specific language
features (module _ and multi-indices operators).










Preliminary support for invalid files





As OCamlformat operates on ASTs, it normally requires a valid input file. T=
his release adds a
--format-invalid-files option to detect invalid parts and prin=
t them verbatim. This feature is still experimental.










Preserving more concrete syntax





Starting with this release, OCamlformat is going to preserve more concrete =
syntax. For example, module M =3D functor
(K : S) -> struct end and module M (K : S) =3D struct end are equivalent. In the past, both variants would be
formatted as the latter. Now, the original syntax is preserved. In some cas=
es, preserving was possible through the
means of an option: for example, to choice between let%name x =3D e i=
n body and [%name let x =3D e in body], was
controlled by the extension-sugar option. This option is now d=
eprecated and OCamlformat will now always preserve
what was in the source file (this was the default behaviour).





Similarly, it was possible to control how special characters are escaped in=
 string and character literals through the
escape-strings and escape-chars options. They are=
 being deprecated and the only possible behavior will be
preserving the concrete syntax (as done by default).





The reason for this change is that we feel that ocamlformat should be just =
about formatting. The fact that this
behavior was configurable is in part due to the fact that it operates on OC=
aml ASTs, but end users should not have to
be surprised by their code being transformed on reformatting.





In the future, we plan to extend that to other similar constructs, such as =
using (~/)~ or begin~/~end, or spacing
between module items.










Placement of doc comments





Placing doc comments (** ... *) is controlled by the doc=
-comments configuration option. It is always possible to
put them before the item they refer to, and this is what the doc-comm=
ents=3Dbefore option does. The alternative
doc-comments=3Dafter will try to do its best to put them after=
, but in some cases it is not possible. For example, in
a variant type declaration, a doc-comment put immediately after will be att=
ached to the last constructor by
documentation tools. Ocamlformat needs to preserve the meaning of programs,=
 so in these cases, it will instead put
the comment before. In the case of
module declarations, putting the comment after might not be ve=
ry useful if the corresponding module is very large.





This requires a complex rule to determine which comments will be put before=
 and which comments will be put after. So
in this version, we are deprecating this mechanism and replacing it with a =
simpler one
controlled by doc-comments-val that applies only to val<=
/code> and external items. For these items, it is always
possible to attach documents before or after them. For all other items, lik=
e type or module declarations, the doc
comments will consistenly be put before.










Many bugs found by fuzzing





We hooked ocamlformat to AFL, looking for programs that parse correctly but=
 trigger errors during formatting. This
approach worked very well and more than 20 logical bugs were found with this
technique.










Upgrading





To upgrade from ocamlformat 0.13.0, one needs to upgrade the ocamlformat bi=
nary and replace the version field in
.ocamlformat files by 0.14.0 and then:




    

  • if you used doc-comments=3Dafter, you can replace it by doc-comments-val=3Dafter.
This will move doc-comments on module items except val and external ones.
    • 

  • if you used doc-comments=3Dbefore, you can remove it as it=
 is now the default.
    • 

  • if you set escape-chars=3Dpreserve, escape-strings=
=3Dpreserve, or extension-sugar=3Dpreserve explicitly, =
you can
    • 




remove them safely (they were the default)



    

  • if you used another value for one of these options (such as escap=
e-strings=3Dhexadecimal), you will need to remove them as well. This=
 will not trigger a diff, but ocamlformat will not enforce a particular con=
crete syntax for new code.
    • 










A note for new users





We encourage you to try ocamlformat, that can be installed from opam direct=
ly (opam install ocamlformat), but
please remember that it is still beta software. We added a FAQ for new
users that should help you decide if ocamlformat is the
right choice for you.













Etienne Millon later added





This upgrade is likely to generate a huge diff on projects that use the def=
ault profile, so I would like to expand a
bit on the reason.





According to the syntax rules used by the ocaml
tools (the ocaml compilers,
ocamldoc, odoc), it is always possible to put the doc-comment before an ite=
m.





Some teams prefer to put the documentation after. But that is not always po=
ssible. For example, type t =3D A | B (** doc *) will attach t=
he doc-comment to B, not to t. The only way to at=
tach the comment to t is by putting the comment before.





Enter ocamlformat: doc-comment placement is controlled by an option with tw=
o values, before or after. before
will always place the comment before. after determines if it i=
s possible to put the comment after, and if it is
not, will put it before.





Some items cannot have comments after, like variant types (as described abo=
ve). But there is another reason not to
put comments after. In some cases, that can put the comment far from the th=
ing it is documenting. Considering
modules, the following is nice:






module M =3D L.M
(** doc *)







But this is not great is the structure is large:






module M =3D struct
  ...
  ...
end
(** doc *)







To summarize, when ocamlformat is configured to put comments after, it has =
to follow a complex heuristic to determine
whether it has to fallback to before. In the case of a module, it depends o=
n its shape, how many functor arguments
are there, this kind of things (for various reasons, we don't know how larg=
e something is going to be in advance, so
we have to look at its shape). The point is that it is complicated to under=
stand and explain, and that fixing it
always makes it more complex. Another aspect is that in the end, we want oc=
amlformat to be pretty stable when it
reaches 1.0.0, and complex rules are at odds with this goal.





So, we have decided to simplify the rule: instead of looking deep in the AS=
T, we just look at the kind of item this
is. For val and external items, it is always poss=
ible to put the doc-comment after, so we follow exactly what the
configuration option says.





As a user of the default profile, what this means for you: for items that a=
re not val or external, and considered
"simple" by the 0.13.0 heuristic, doc-comments are going to move from after=
 to before.





Based on these reasons, you will understand that before is alw=
ays simpler. You can opt into this by setting
doc-comments-val=3Dbefore. This will cause an even larger diff=
 as all items are going to move before (that is: all
items described just above, plus val and external=
 items), but the rule gets extremely simple (everything is put
before). It is possible that this option will become the default in the fut=
ure, but we have not decided this yet (in
this case, if you did not opt into it, you will see comments on val and external items move at that time).















ML Family Workshop 2020: Call for presentations





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ml-family-workshop-=
2020-call-for-presentations/5441/1








Leo White announced





We are happy to invite submissions to the ML Family Workshop 2020,
to be held during the ICFP conference week on Thursday,
August 27th.





The ML family workshop warmly welcomes submission touching
on the programming languages traditionally seen as part of the
"ML family" (Standard ML, OCaml, F#, CakeML, SML#, Manticore,
MetaOCaml, etc.). The scope of the workshop includes all aspects
of the design, semantics, theory, application, implementation,
and teaching of the members of the ML family. We also encourage
presentations from related languages (such as Haskell, Scala,
Rust, Nemerle, Links, Koka, F*, Eff, ATS, etc), to exchange
experience of further developing ML ideas.





Currently, the workshop is still scheduled to go ahead as planned
in Jersey City, however it is likely that the ML workshop will
end up being a virtual workshop this year. Either way provisions
will be made to allow speakers to present their work remotely.





See our detailed CFP online on the ICFP website:





https://i=
cfp20.sigplan.org/home/mlfamilyworkshop-2020








Important dates




    

  • Friday 15th May (any time zone): Abstract submission deadline
    • 

  • Friday 26th June: Author notification
    • 

  • Thursday 27th August: ML Family Workshop
    • 










Program committee




    

  • Youyou Cong (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
    • 

  • Gowtham Kaki (Purdue University)
    • 

  • Neel Krishnaswami (University of Cambridge)
    • 

  • Daan Leijen (Microsoft Research)
    • 

  • Koko Muroya (Kyoto University)
    • 

  • Atsushi Ohori (Tohoku University)
    • 

  • Jonathan Protzenko (Microsoft Research)
    • 

  • Gabriel Radanne (INRIA)
    • 

  • Claudio Russo (Dfinity)
    • 

  • Leo White (Jane Street) (Chair)
    • 

  • Jeremy Yallop (University of Cambridge)
    • 










Submission details





See the online CFP for the details on the expected submission format.





Submissions must be uploaded to the workshop submission website





https://ml2020.hotcrp.com/





before the submission deadline.

















Announcing Sek, an efficient implementation of sequences





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/announcing=
-sek-an-efficient-implementation-of-sequences/5442/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





We are pleased to announce the first release of Sek, an OCaml library that
offers an efficient implementation of sequences.





The library offers both ephemeral (mutable) sequences and persistent
(immutable) sequences, and offers constant-time conversions between these
flavors.





It supports all of the standard operations on stacks, queues, deques (e.g.
push, pop at either end), catenable sequences (concat, split), and random
access sequences (get, set).





Data is stored internally in chunks (fixed-capacity arrays),
which is why this data structure is known as a chunK SEquence.





It is intended to achieve excellent time complexity and memory usage.





This is an initial release. The library has not been tested in production,
but has received extensive unit testing, via afl-fuzz and ocaml+afl –
which are remarkably effective tools, by the way!





This is work in progress; more features, such as iterators, will be added
in the future.





To install Sek, just type




opam update && opam install sek





Documentation is online.





Feedback is welcome!





Arthur Chargu=C3=A9raud

Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier

with contributions by =C3=89milie Guermeur











Yaron Minsky asked and Fabian replied







I=E2=80=99m particularly interested in how it compares to Base.Sequence and=
 Seq in the OCaml distribution, but surely there are others as well.







This actually looks like an array/vector structure (supporting, among other=
 things, fast access to the nth element),
so a comparison with CCVector, CCFun_vec, B=
atVect, Clarity.Vector etc. would be more appropriate. =
The name is
a bit unfortunate considering the naming used in the general ecosystem.





Some time ago, I added some crude benchmarks to containers' benchsuite.
I'll see if I can add Sek when I find time.











gasche said





I think it really is a sequence library in the sense that in maintains an i=
n-order sequence of items, and sequences
can be joined/split efficiently. It also provides logarithmic random access=
, but this is probably not competitive
with fixed-size arrays. It would be comparable to "persistent vector" libra=
ries, ropes, finger trees, etc. The fact
that the authors expose a Stack/Queue interface suggests that it has also b=
een tuned to perform reasonably well in
this case.





It does not provide any delayed computation of items, so in that regard it =
is not comparable to Sequence/Seq.





@charguer has designed similar datastructures in the past to represent the =
work-queues of concurrent workers (you want at least a fast "push" to add a=
 new task and, when doing work-stealing, having a fast "split" is convenien=
t). See Theory and Practice of Chunked Sequences, Umut Acar, Arthu=
r Chargu=C3=A9raud, Mike Rainey, 2014, and A Work-Efficient Algorithm for Par=
allel Unordered Depth-First Search.





As far as I know, the OCaml implementation just released has not been teste=
d/benchmarked for parallel algorithms. I
would be curious to see an experiment of parallel graph traversal with this=
 structure and Multicore-OCaml.















Announcing dune-deps: produces a project-centric dependency gr=
aph





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nnouncing-dune-deps-produces-a-project-centric-dependency-graph/5451/1








Martin Jambon announced





I'm happy to announce the availability of dune-deps, a command-line tool that
scans a dune project and gathers the dependencies into a graph. The output =
is in the dot format, supported by the
dot command from graphvi=
z.





It shows the dependencies between the following:




    

  • libraries defined by the project,
    • 

  • executables defined by the project,
    • 

  • direct dependencies on external libraries.
    • 





Dependencies are extracted by parsing dune files. As an exampl=
e, here's what we obtain for the =
sources of
opam, which has over 50K lines of code:







3D"f6213fa7fda5=







The commands for this are:





# obtain the project's sources
$ git clone --depth=3D1 https://github.com/ocaml/opam.git

# ex=
tract dependencies and eliminate superfluous graph edges
$ dune-deps opam | tred > deps.dot

# re=
nder the graph
$ dot -Tpng deps.dot -o deps.png







A suggestion is to include such graph in your project's README.md.















OCaml Users and Developers Meeting 2020





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-users-and-developers=
-meeting-2020/5454/1








Ivan Gotovchits announced





It is my pleasure to invite submissions to the OCaml Users and
Developers Workshop 2020, which is again co-located with ICFP and will
be held on Friday 28th August 2020 in Jersey City, NJ, USA.





The OCaml Users and Developers Workshop brings together the
OCaml community, including users of OCaml in industry, academia,
hobbyists and the free software community. Previous editions
have been co-located with ICFP since 2012 in Copenhagen, Boston,
Gothenburg, Nara, Oxford, St Louis and last year in Berlin, following OCaml
Meetings in Paris in 2010 and 2011.










Important Dates




    

  • Talk proposal submission deadline: May 8th, 2020, AoE
    • 

  • Author Notification: June 26th, 2020
    • 

  • OCaml Workshop: August 28th, 2020
    • 










Scope





Presentations and discussions focus on the OCaml programming language
and its community. We aim to solicit talks on all aspects related to
improving the use or development of the language and its programming
environment, including, for example (but not limited to):




    

  • compiler developments, new backends, runtime and architectures
    • 


  • practical type system improvements, such as GADTs, first-class
modules, generic programming, or dependent types
    • 


  • new library or application releases, and their design rationales
    • 


  • tools and infrastructure services, and their enhancements
    • 


  • prominent industrial or experimental uses of OCaml, or deployments
in unusual situations.
    • 










Presentations





The workshop is an informal meeting with no formal proceedings. The
presentation material will be available online from the workshop
homepage. The presentations may be recorded and made available at a
later date.





The main presentation format is a workshop talk, traditionally
around 20 minutes in length, plus question time, but we also
have a poster session during the workshop – this allows to
present more diverse work, and gives time for discussion. The
program committee will decide which presentations should be
delivered as posters or talks.










Submission





To submit a presentation, please register a description of the
talk (about 2 pages long) at





https://ocaml2020.hotcrp.com/





providing a clear statement of what will be provided by the
presentation: the problems that are addressed, the solutions or
methods that are proposed.





LaTeX-produced PDFs are a common and welcome submission
format. For accessibility purposes, we ask PDF submitters to
also provide the sources of their submission in a textual
format, such as .tex sources. Reviewers may read either the
submitted PDF or the text version.










ML family workshop





The ML family workshop, held on the previous day, deals with
general issues of the ML-style programming and type systems,
focuses on more research-oriented work that is less specific to
a language in particular. There is an overlap between the two
workshops, and we have occasionally transferred presentations from one
to the other in the past. Authors who feel their submission fits both
workshops are encouraged to mention it at submission time and/or
contact the Program Chairs.










Program Committee




    

  • Ivan Gotovchits, CMU, USA
    • 

  • Florian Angeletti, INRIA, France
    • 

  • Chris Casinghino, Draper Laboratory, USA
    • 

  • Catherine Gasnier, Facebook, USA
    • 

  • Rudi Grinberg, OCaml Labs, UK
    • 

  • Oleg Kiselyov, Tohoku University, Japan
    • 

  • Andreas Rossberg, Dfinity Stiftung, Germany
    • 

  • Marcello Seri, University of Groningen, Netherlands
    • 

  • Edwin Torok, Citrix, UK
    • 

  • Leo White, Jane Street, USA
    • 

  • Greta Yorsh, Jane Street, USA
    • 

  • Sarah Zennou, Airbus, France
    • 










COVID-19 Notice





While ICFP-20 is stil=
l scheduled to be held as planned, chances are high
that it will be turned into a virtual conference. Which means a wider audie=
nce and reduced (hopefully) fees. We will
keep you posted.










Questions and contact





Please send any questions to the chair:
  Ivan Gotovchits (ivg@ieee.org)

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 07 to 14,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Announcing dune-deps: produces a project-centric dependency graph
OCamlformat 0.14.0
Dune 2.5.0
Old CWN


Announcing dune-deps: produces a project-centric dependency graph
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Martin Jambon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Since the original announcement, I received some good feedback from
  users working on large projects. Thank you!

  The latest version released today is 1.2.0. It is already available on
  opam-repository (thank you @kit-ty-kate). The changes since the
  original release, besides bug fixes, include:

  =E2=80=A2 Ability to select or ignore dune files and folders to scan. For
    example, `dune-deps foo bar -x bar/test' uses all the dune files
    found in folders `foo' and `bar' but will ignore `bar/test'. This is
    useful for ignoring uninteresting parts of the project and for
    ignoring parse errors (see bug [#4]).
  =E2=80=A2 Executable name disambiguation. For example, private executable=
s of
    the same name like `foo/main' and `bar/baz/main' are now rendered as
    `main' and `main' respectively instead of just `main'.
  =E2=80=A2 Optional exclusion of all executables or all external libraries=
 with
    `--no-exe' and `--no-ext'.
  =E2=80=A2 Ability to show only the dependencies and/or the reverse
    dependencies of selected libraries. See below.

  Whole-project graphs for large projects tend to be unreadable. To deal
  with that, I added support for an "hourglass view" (=E2=8C=9B) option for
  showing only the dependencies and reverse dependencies of a component
  of interest.

  The following is obtained with `-h opam-client' on the opam project:

  

  Please [let us know] if this works for your favorite projects! The
  source code of dune-deps makes it somewhat easier now to experiment
  with new strategies for eliminating nodes. See the `Filter' and
  `Filterable' modules.

  Check out `dune-deps --help' for detailed documentation on the
  options.


[#4] 

[let us know] 


Sean Grove said and Martin Jambon replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        That=E2=80=99s a nice idea - it=E2=80=99d be great to have this ava=
ilable
        as a GitHub action so anyone could do this with just a
        click or two!

  So, I made a [generic yaml workflow] that people can stick into their
  git/github project. This will automatically maintain the dependency
  graph `.deps/deps.png' which can be included in a readme.


[generic yaml workflow] 


OCamlformat 0.14.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Millon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  As described in this thread, ocamlformat 0.14.0 introduced a new
  algorithm to determine how documentation comments are placed. We
  underestimated the impact of making this the default, and this means
  that many unwanted diffs were present for 0.13.0 -> 0.14.0 upgrades.

  We are going to prepare a 0.14.1 release next week reverting this
  behavior back to the 0.13.0 defaults. Users still on 0.13.0 are
  encouraged to wait for this and upgrade directly to 0.14.1.

  Sorry for the inconvenience, and thanks for the feedback!


Dune 2.5.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rudi Grinberg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The dune team is pleased to announce the release of dune 2.5.0. This
  release has been brewing for a while and contains a few interesting
  features. I'll highlight some of the bigger ones:

  =E2=80=A2 The coq support has been thoroughly extended. There's now suppo=
rt
    for both composition of coq libraries in the same workspace and
    extraction of coq code to OCaml.

  =E2=80=A2 There's a new `$ dune upgrade' subcommand to help you upgrade d=
une
    files from 1.x to 2.x

  =E2=80=A2 `$ dune utop' will now load ppx preprocessors to the toplevel. =
Ppx
    authors might enjoy this style of interactive development.

  =E2=80=A2 There's a new `(subdir ..)' stanza that can be used to evaluate
    stanzas in sub directories. This makes it possible to have a single
    dune file for an entire project (generated or not).

  I'd like to thank everyone who contributed to dune 2.5.0. Your help is
  greatly appreciated.

  Here's the full change log:


2.5.0 (09/04/2020)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Add a `--release' option meaning the same as `-p' but without t=
he
    package filtering. This is useful for custom `dune' invocation in
    opam files where we don't want `-p' (#3260, @diml)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix a bug introduced in 2.4.0 causing `.bc' programs to be built
    with `-custom' by default (#3269, fixes #3262, @diml)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow contexts to be defined with local switches in workspace f=
iles
    (#3265, fix #3264, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Delay expansion errors until the rule is used to build something
    (#3261, fix #3252, @rgrinberg, @diml)

  =E2=80=A2 [coq] Support for theory dependencies and compositional builds =
using
    new field `(theories ...)' (#2053, @ejgallego, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 From now on, each version of a syntax extension must be explici=
tely
    tied to a minimum version of the dune language. Inconsistent
    versions in a `dune-project' will trigger a warning for version
    <=3D2.4 and an error for versions >2.4 of the dune language. (#3270,
    fixes #2957, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 [coq] Bump coq lang version to 0.2. New coq features presented =
this
    release require this version of the coq lang. (#3283, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 Prevent installation of public executables disabled using the
    `enabled_if' field.  Installation will now simply skip such
    executables instead of raising an error. (#3195, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 `dune upgrade' will now try to upgrade projects using versions =
<2.0
    to version 2.0 of the dune language. (#3174, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Add a `top' command to integrate dune with any toplevel, not ju=
st
    utop. It is meant to be used with the new `#use_output' directive of
    OCaml 4.11 (#2952, @mbernat, @diml)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow per-package `version' in generated `opam' files (#3287,
    @toots)

  =E2=80=A2 [coq] Introduce the `coq.extraction' stanza. It can be used to
    extract OCaml sources (#3299, fixes #2178, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Load ppx rewriters in dune utop and add pps field to toplevel
    stanza. Ppx extensions will now be usable in the toplevel (#3266,
    fixes #346, @stephanieyou)

  =E2=80=A2 Add a `(subdir ..)' stanza to allow evaluating stanzas in sub
    directories.  (#3268, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix a bug preventing one from running inline tests in multiple =
modes
    (#3352, @diml)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow the use of the `%{profile}' variable in the `enabled_if' =
field
    of the library stanza. (#3344, @mrmr1993)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow the use of `%{ocaml_version}' variable in `enabled_if' fi=
eld
    of the library stanza. (#3339, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix dune build freezing on MacOS when cache is enabled. (#3249,
    fixes ##2973, @artempyanykh)


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 07 to 14, 2020.









Announcing dune-deps: produces a project-centric dependency gr=
aph





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nnouncing-dune-deps-produces-a-project-centric-dependency-graph/5451/3








Martin Jambon announced





Since the original announcement, I received some good feedback from users w=
orking on large projects. Thank you!





The latest version released today is 1.2.0. It is already available on opam=
-repository (thank you @kit-ty-kate). The
changes since the original release, besides bug fixes, include:




    

  • Ability to select or ignore dune files and folders to scan. For example=
, dune-deps foo bar -x bar/test uses all the dune files found =
in folders foo and bar but will ignore bar/=
test. This is useful for ignoring uninteresting parts of the project=
 and for ignoring parse errors (see bug #4).
    • 

  • Executable name disambiguation. For example, private executables of the=
 same name like foo/main and bar/baz/main are now=
 rendered as main<foo> and main<baz> =
respectively instead of just main.
    • 

  • Optional exclusion of all executables or all external libraries with --no-exe and --no-ext.
    • 

  • Ability to show only the dependencies and/or the reverse dependencies o=
f selected libraries. See below.
    • 





Whole-project graphs for large projects tend to be unreadable. To deal with=
 that, I added support for an "hourglass
view" (=E2=8C=9B) option for showing only the dependencies and reverse depe=
ndencies of a component of interest.





The following is obtained with -h opam-client on the opam proj=
ect:







3D"66098faac9fd=







Please let us know<=
/a> if this works for your favorite projects! The
source code of dune-deps makes it somewhat easier now to experiment with ne=
w strategies for eliminating nodes. See
the Filter and Filterable modules.





Check out dune-deps --help for detailed documentation on the o=
ptions.











Sean Grove said and Martin Jambon replied







That=E2=80=99s a nice idea - it=E2=80=99d be great to have this available a=
s a GitHub action so anyone could do this with just a
click or two!







So, I made a generi=
c yaml workflow that people can stick into their
git/github project. This will automatically maintain the dependency graph <=
code>.deps/deps.png which can be included in a
readme.















OCamlformat 0.14.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-0-14-0/5435/21








Etienne Millon announced





As described in this thread, ocamlformat 0.14.0 introduced a new algorithm =
to determine how
documentation comments are placed. We underestimated the impact of making t=
his the default, and this means that many
unwanted diffs were present for 0.13.0 -> 0.14.0 upgrades.





We are going to prepare a 0.14.1 release next week reverting this behavior =
back to the 0.13.0 defaults. Users still
on 0.13.0 are encouraged to wait for this and upgrade directly to 0.14.1.





Sorry for the inconvenience, and thanks for the feedback!















Dune 2.5.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-2-5-0/5494/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





The dune team is pleased to announce the release of dune 2.5.0. This releas=
e has been brewing for a while and
contains a few interesting features. I'll highlight some of the bigger ones:




    

  • The coq support has been thoroughly extended. There's now support for b=
oth composition of coq libraries in the same workspace and extraction of co=
q code to OCaml.
    • 


  • There's a new $ dune upgrade subcommand to help you upgrad=
e dune files from 1.x to 2.x
    • 


  • $ dune utop will now load ppx preprocessors to the topleve=
l. Ppx authors might enjoy this style of interactive development.
    • 


  • There's a new (subdir ..) stanza that can be used to evalu=
ate stanzas in sub directories. This makes it possible to have a single dun=
e file for an entire project (generated or not).
    • 





I'd like to thank everyone who contributed to dune 2.5.0. Your help is grea=
tly appreciated.





Here's the full change log:








2.5.0 (09/04/2020)




    

  • Add a --release option meaning the same as -p=
 but without the
package filtering. This is useful for custom dune invocation i=
n opam
files where we don't want -p (#3260, @diml)
    • 


  • Fix a bug introduced in 2.4.0 causing .bc programs to be b=
uilt
with -custom by default (#3269, fixes #3262, @diml)
    • 


  • Allow contexts to be defined with local switches in workspace files (#3=
265,
fix #3264, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Delay expansion errors until the rule is used to build something (#3261=
, fix
#3252, @rgrinberg, @diml)
    • 


  • [coq] Support for theory dependencies and compositional builds using
new field (theories ...) (#2053, @ejgallego, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • From now on, each version of a syntax extension must be explicitely tie=
d to a
minimum version of the dune language. Inconsistent versions in a
dune-project will trigger a warning for version <=3D2.4 and=
 an error for
versions >2.4 of the dune language. (#3270, fixes #2957, @voodoos)
    • 


  • [coq] Bump coq lang version to 0.2. New coq features presented this rel=
ease
require this version of the coq lang. (#3283, @ejgallego)
    • 


  • Prevent installation of public executables disabled using the ena=
bled_if field.
Installation will now simply skip such executables instead of raising an
error. (#3195, @voodoos)
    • 


  • dune upgrade will now try to upgrade projects using versio=
ns <2.0 to version
2.0 of the dune language. (#3174, @voodoos)
    • 


  • Add a top command to integrate dune with any toplevel, not=
 just
utop. It is meant to be used with the new #use_output directiv=
e of
OCaml 4.11 (#2952, @mbernat, @diml)
    • 


  • Allow per-package version in generated opam f=
iles (#3287, @toots)
    • 


  • [coq] Introduce the coq.extraction stanza. It can be used =
to extract OCaml
sources (#3299, fixes #2178, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Load ppx rewriters in dune utop and add pps field to toplevel stanza. P=
px
extensions will now be usable in the toplevel
(#3266, fixes #346, @stephanieyou)
    • 


  • Add a (subdir ..) stanza to allow evaluating stanzas in su=
b directories.
(#3268, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Fix a bug preventing one from running inline tests in multiple modes
(#3352, @diml)
    • 


  • Allow the use of the %{profile} variable in the enab=
led_if field of the
library stanza. (#3344, @mrmr1993)
    • 


  • Allow the use of %{ocaml_version} variable in enable=
d_if field of the
library stanza. (#3339, @voodoos)
    • 


  • Fix dune build freezing on MacOS when cache is enabled. (#3249, fixes #=
#2973,
@artempyanykh)
    • 

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 21 Apr 2020 10:58:15 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 14 to 21, 2020.









Current_incr: a small incremental library with no dependencies=






Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
ann-current-incr-a-small-incremental-library-with-no-dependencies/5531/1








Thomas Leonard announced





The recent OCurrent 0.2 release included a little
incremental library which might be interesting to some people. It is useful=
 for writing programs that need to keep
some computation up-to-date efficiently as the inputs change.





It is similar to the existing incremental and
react libraries already=
 in opam. Unlike incremental (which pulls in the
whole of core_kernel), current_incr has no runtim=
e dependencies (and build dependencies only on ocaml and
dune). Unlike react, current_incr im=
mediately stops computations when they are no longer needed (rather than
relying on weak references and the garbage collector).





It is a fairly direct implementation of the Adaptive Functional
Programming paper, and might be a good starting point for people
wanting to learn about that.





You can get the library using opam:






opam install current_incr







Here's a simple example (in utop):






#require "current_incr";;

let total =3D Curre=
nt_incr.var 10
let complete =3D Cu=
rrent_incr.var 5

let status =3D
  Current_incr.of_cc begin
    Current_incr.read (Current_incr.of_var total) @@ function
    | 0 -> Current_incr.write "No jobs"
    | total ->
      Current_incr.read (Current_incr.of_var complete) @@ fun complete ->
      let frac =3D float_of_int complete /. float_of_=
int total in
      Printf.sprintf "%d/%d jobs complete (%.1f%%)"
                     complete total (100. *. frac)
      |> Current_incr.write
  end







This defines two input variables (total and complete) and a "changeable computation" (status) whose output
depends on them. At the top-level, we can observe the initial state using <=
code>observe:






# print_endline Current_incr.observe sta=
tus;;
5/10 jobs complete (50.0%)







Unlike a plain ref cell, a Current_incr.var keeps=
 track of which computations depend on it. After changing them,
you must call propagate to update the results:






# Current_incr=
.change total 12;;
# Current_incr.change complete 4;;
# print_endline @@ Current_incr.observe status;;
5/10 jobs complete (50.0%)      (* Not y=
et updated *)

# Current_incr.propagate ();
# print_endline @@ Current_incr.observe status;;
4/12 jobs complete (33.3%)







Computations can have side-effects, and you can use on_release=
 to run some compensating action if the computation
needs to be undone later. Here's a function that publishes a result, and al=
so registers a compensation for it:






let publish msg =3D
  Printf.printf "PUBLISH: %s\n%!" msg;
  Current_incr.on_release @@ fun =
() ->
  Printf.printf "RETRACT: %s\n%!" msg







It can be used like this:






# let display =3D Current_incr.map publish status;;
PUBLISH: =
4/12 jobs complete (33.3%)

# Current_incr.change total 0;
# Current_incr.propagate ()
RETRACT: =
4/12 jobs complete (33.3%)
PUBLISH: =
No jobs







A major difference between this and the react library (which I've used in p=
reviously in 0install's progre=
ss
reporting
and CueKeeper) is that Current_incr does
not depend on the garbage collector to decide when to stop a computation. I=
n react, you'd have to be careful to make
sure that display didn't get GC'd (even though you don't need =
to refer to it again) because if it did then the
output would stop getting updated. Also, setting total to 0 in react might cause the program to crash with a
division-by-zero exception, because the frac computation will =
continue running until it gets GC'd, even though it
isn't needed for anything now.





Current_incr's API is pretty small. You
might want to wrap it to provide extra features, e.g.




    

  • Use of a result type to propagate errors.
    • 

  • Integration with Lwt to allow asynchronous computations.

  • Static analysis to render your computation with graphviz.
    • 

  • Persistence of state to disk.
    • 





If you need that, consider using the main OCurrent library, which extends
current_incr with these features.















Scikit-learn for OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/scikit-learn-for-ocaml/5536/1








UnixJunkie announced





Ronan Lehy just hacked this:





https://github.com/lehy/o=
caml-sklearn





This might interest a significant number of people out there.
We are no more condemned to live in a world full of snakes
that will bite us at run-time. :smiley:











Ronan Le Hy then said





So I came here to announce ocaml-sklearn as it just got published on Opam, =
but I see @UnixJunkie did it for me
(arigato gozai masu). Anyway:



    

  • this ambitions to cover the complete scikit-learn API
    • 

  • this ambition is currently not totally realized, but I wanted to releas=
e something initial that one can play with
    • 

  • it's all @UnixJunkie's fault with his funny R wrappers.
    • 





So:












Anton Kochkov then added





Probably worth to add here:
















OCaml and opam container images updated: new Fedora/Alpine/Ubu=
ntu images





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/ocaml-and-opam-container-images-updated-new-fedora-alpine-ubuntu-imag=
es/5539/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





The Docker ocaml and opam =
container images have been updated:




    

  • Alpine 3.11, Fedora 31 and Ubuntu 20.04 (beta) are now included.
    • 

  • Ubuntu 19.04 and Fedora 29 and 30 are now deprecated.
    • 

  • OCaml 4.09.1 and 4.11.0~dev have been refreshed.
    • 





You can find the full details of the container images available on the OCaml infra=
structure
wiki.





The containers are generated from a set of scripts using
ocaml-dockerfile, =
and will be migrating over the next six months to use
an ocurrent-based infrastructure. Ther=
e will be an announcement on this forum about any
user-facing changes that involves, with plenty of time to transition your o=
wn CIs over.  Thanks go to @talex5 and
@XVilka for contributions to this round of updates.















OCamlformat 0.14.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-0-14-0/5435/24








Jules announced





As Etienne mentioned, we have released OCamlformat 0.14.1, reverting the ch=
ange to the defaults and our plans to
deprecate the doc-comments option.





For projects that already upgraded to 0.14.0 (eg. Coq), the doc-comme=
nts option will change its meaning again. It
is necessary to add doc-comments=3Dbefore to have the document=
ation comments placed before.
Moreover, the new option doc-comments-val added in 0.14.0 has =
a higher precedence than doc-comments, even when
it's not set. It is thus necessary to set them both to before =
to have the old "before" behavior.
This will be improved in the next release (see https://github.com/ocaml-ppx/ocamlformat=
/pull/1340).





Thank you to our early adopters to bear us. We are improving our release pr=
ocess to reduce confusion for the next
updates. As usual, if you have any feedback, please open an issue on https://github.com/ocaml-ppx=
/ocamlformat to
discuss it with us.















Hashconsing an AST via PPX





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/hashconsing-an-ast-via-ppx/5558/1








Chet Murthy announced





[up-front (so nobody gets the wrong idea): I'm not pushing Camlp5.
Rather, I'm just noting that this sort of thing is really easy to do,
and I encourage someone to do something similar using the PPX
infrastructure.]





I didn't want to derail the "Future of PPX" thread, so I thought I'd
post separately to answer ivg@ 's issue about hashconsing of ASTs
using PPX.  It's actually [uh, I think] really, really easy to
implement hashconsing of ADTs, using a PPX extension.  On a lark, I
decided to do it today, and while the code I've got isn't sufficient
to use, I think it's not very far away, and I have the perfect
use-case already in-mind.  It took me two hours to implement the
rewriter and the testcase, on top of the other infrastructure, which
has no support for hashconsing of any sort.





Here are some examples of data-types and functions that are
automaticaly hash-consed.  The idea is that in the pattern-match the
pattern is annotated with a variable (in this example, "z"); the
expression that is supposed to be hash-consed against that pattern is
annotated with that same variable.  [The code that descends to the
expression is a little weak right now, but I think that's easily
fixable.]  The algorithm goes as follows:





(1) "decorate" the pattern with "as z_<integer>" variables everywhere
in constructors.  This allows us to refer to parts of the original
value.





(2) then find each expression that is marked with that same varable.
Structurally descend the pattern and the expression in parallel and
generate code to compare sub-structure and hashcons where appropriate.





And that's really it.  I'm sure this can be implemented using the PPX
tools.





Some comments: (1) what's nice, is that we can just take already-written
code like List.map and annotate it; that generates a hash-cons=
ed
version.  And since the generated code never uses deep structural
equality (only pointer-equality) it should be only marginally slower
than the original implementation.





(2) The variable in the annotation ("z") is used as the base for
generating a whole slew of fresh variables, and I don't bother (yet)
to check for clashes; this (again) is straightforward, but hey, I
started two hours ago.






type t =3D Leaf of int | Node of t * =
int * t

module HCList =3D struct

let rec map f =3D function
    [][@hashrecons z] -> [][@hashrecons z]
  | (a::l=
)[@hashrecons z] -> let r =3D f a in ((r :=
: map f l)[@hashrecons z])

end

let deep =3D
let rec deep =3D (function
  Leaf n<=
span style=3D"color: #483d8b;">[@hashrecons z] -> Leaf n[@hashrecons z]
| Node (l=
, n, r) [@hashrecons z] ->
  Node (d=
eep l, n, deep r) [@hashrecons z]
  )
[@@ocaml.warning "-26"]
in deep

type sexp =3D
  | Atom =
of string
  | List =
of sexp list

let sexp_deep =3D
  let rec deep =3D function
      Atom s[@hashrecons z] -> Atom s[@hashrecons z]
    | List l[@hashrecons z] -> List (HCList.map deep l)=
[@hashrecons z]
  in deep







Links: First, at the commit, so they won't change





the testcase file:
https://github.=
com/chetmurthy/pa_ppx/commit/5dd6b2ef3ca3677e11a0ad696074200101bd661f#diff-=
e6dffe78fc6c27bdffa41970c4a7f1ca





the "ppx rewriter":
https://github.=
com/chetmurthy/pa_ppx/commit/5dd6b2ef3ca3677e11a0ad696074200101bd661f#diff-=
24aeaf51366017948f5735727f001c85





Second, the files with human-readable names, etc.:





the testcase: https://github.com/chetmurthy/pa_ppx/blob/master/t=
ests/test_hashrecons.ml





the "ppx rewriter": https://github.com/chetmurthy/pa_ppx/b=
lob/master/pa_hashrecons/pa_hashrecons.ml





The projects:





chetmurthy/pa_ppx: A reimplementation of ppx_deriving, all its plugins, ppx=
_import, and a
few others.





https://github.com/chetmur=
thy/pa_ppx





chetmurthy/camlp5: Camlp5, version pre-8.00 on which the above is based.  T=
his is on the branch
26.attempt-pa-deriving .











Kakadu said





I experimented with this some time ago for ML workshop.
The idea was to provide function: t -> htbl -> htbl * t =
which rewrites value of type t by removing equal
subtrees. Essentially it is just a fold over data type.





https://github.com/kakadu/GT/blob/master/regression/test816hash.ml#=
L74











Chet Murthy asked and Josh Berdine replied







If you wanna use a hashtable (and, I presume, Obj.magic) you can write a si=
ngle function that does the trick for all immutable data-types, right?







Yes, we have some magic @mbouaziz
code in Infer that does this to
create as much sharing as possible as values are Marshaled out.















Genprint v0.4





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-genprint-v0-4/5575/1








progman announced





A re-announcement of Genprint, a general value printing library, that addre=
sses prior limitations that made it none
too useful!




    

  1. It didn't work correctly for 4.08.0, the latest compiler release as of =
first announcement (though fine for 4.02 .. 4.07.1)
    2. 

  2. There was an awkward need to specify a search path for .cmt files when =
working with the likes of Dune (which uses separate directories for source,=
 .cmi and (for opt) .cmt files)
    3. 

  3. More often than not values of interest would display simply as &l=
t;abstr> owing to the presence of signature abstraction of the mo=
dule's type of interest.
    4. 





These issues have been addressed:



    

  1. Works with versions 4.04 .. 4.10.0  (earlier versions became invalid af=
ter a dependency change to ppxlib)
    2. 

  2. The location of .cmt files is captured automatically by the PPX preproc=
essor.
    3. 

  3. 
Signatures at the implementation level (.mli files) and internally (functor=
 application constraints) are removed to reveal the inner structure of othe=
rwise abstract values.
For instance, the Ephemeron module:

    

    

    module EM=3DEphemeron.K1.Make(struct type t=3Dint let equal=3D(=3D) =
let hash=3DHashtbl.=
hash end)
open EM
let _=3D
  let v=3DEM.c=
reate 0 in
  EM.add v 12345678 'X';
  let emprint ppf (v: Obj.Ephemeron.t) =3D
    Format.fprintf ppf "<C wrapper of key/data>" in
  [%install_prin=
ter emprint[%pr ep=
hem v];

    

    


    
Which prints:

    

    ephem =3D> {size =3D 1;
          data =3D
           [|Empty; Empty; Empty; Empty; Empty; Empty; Empty; Empty; Empty;
             Empty; Empty; Cons (922381915, <C wrapper of key/data>, =
Empty);
             Empty; Empty; Empty; Empty|];
          seed =3D 0; initial_size =3D 16}

    

    
This also demos the [%install_printer] facility which mirrors the REPL's.

    4. 





Installation is via the Opam main repository.





Additionally, the project repository contains two
compiler versions of ocamldebug integrated=
 with the Genprint library which thereby becomes its default printer.





All of which makes this library much more useful than previously.
See the project page for the details.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Editor note: Thanks to ezcurl<=
/a>, I can restore this section. I'm putting all the links this week, I wil=
l prune to only put the new ones next week.





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 21 to 28,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

opam 2.0.7 and 2.1.0 alpha
OCaml 4.11, release plan
ocamlformat pre-commit hook
New release of naboris 0.1.2
ANN: Releases of ringo
resto 0.2 released
Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml (research paper)
Multicore Update: April 2020, with a preprint paper
Why did Core remove polymorphic comparison operators in OCaml 4.10.0?
New release of js_of_ocaml 3.6.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


opam 2.0.7 and 2.1.0 alpha
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


R. Boujbel announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are pleased to announce the release of [opam 2.0.7] and an [2.1.0
  alpha].

  This 2.0.7 version contains backported fixes, you can find more
  information in this [blog post].

  The 2.1.0~alpha contains many new features (cf. [blog post] or
  [release note]). If you want to take a look, a few glitches or
  regressions are expected, please report them to [the bug-tracker].

  *opam is a source-based package manager for OCaml. It supports
   multiple simultaneous compiler installations, flexible package
   constraints, and a Git-friendly development workflow.*


[opam 2.0.7] 

[2.1.0 alpha] 

[blog post] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[the bug-tracker] 


Anil Madhavapeddy then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks for all the hard work that's gone into this release, @rjbou
  @AltGr and @dra27!

  To set expectations, this alpha release is for our users to smoke test
  the new features and let us know if they work for your usecases.

  In particular, the opam external dependency management and support for
  recursive pins are both commonly requested features. Please do take
  this alpha for a spin, and report feedback here on this thread.

  After this alpha is cut, there will be a sequence of beta releases
  (the number of which depend on the reported bug tail), and then the
  final opam 2.1.0 release. Your testing _now_ will greatly help us put
  a quality release out of the door.


OCaml 4.11, release plan
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The new version of OCaml, OCaml 4.11.0, has started its bugfix period:
  the set of new features is now mostly frozen, and in the three
  upcoming months, we will focus mostly on fixing bugs.

  For this release cycle, we will experiment releasing an alpha version
  of the compiler.

  This new alpha version is expected to work as a synchronization point
  for people working on updating the opam ecosystem for the new
  release. Once the opam ecosystem is in shape for some wider audience
  testings, we will publish a beta version as usual. This should be
  happen around June.

  One of the most notable change in this release is `Statmemprof', a new
  statistical memory profiler directly integrated into the GC.

  The provisional Changes list is [here].

  At this point of time, it is better to take this list with a grain of
  salt: there are a handful of new features that are still under
  integration, problematic features might be removed, and of course the
  list of bug fixes is incomplete.

  But one of the most notable feature in this change log, `Statmemprof'
  which a new statistical memory profiler API, is most probably here to
  stay.


[here] 


Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It should be mentioned that Memprof is documented as =E2=80=9C~EXPERIMENT=
AL~=E2=80=9D,
  and at least one breaking change is being considered in 4.12. This
  also mean that suggestion for improvement will be welcome (AFAIU).


ocamlformat pre-commit hook
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Brendan Long announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is kind of trivial but I figured it might be useful for other
  people. We created a hook config for using [ocamlformat] with
  [pre-commit]:

  

  pre-commit is a tool that makes it easier to run checks on changed
  files before commiting them, and this makes it so you can auto-run
  ocamlformat and ensure no unformatted code gets into your repo.

  1. [Install pre-commit] like `pip install pre-commit'
  2. In your repo, add a .pre-commit-config.yaml like:
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 ---
     =E2=94=82 repos:
     =E2=94=82   - repo: https://github.com/arenadotio/pre-commit-ocamlform=
at
     =E2=94=82     rev: master # or pick a commit sha I guess
     =E2=94=82     hooks:
     =E2=94=82      - id: ocamlformat
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  1. Run `pre-commit install'
  2. Now every time you run `git commit' (or `pre-commit run'), it will
     run every staged OCaml file through ocamlformat and complain if
     there are any changes:
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 $ pre-commit run ocamlformat
     =E2=94=82 ocamlformat.....Failed
     =E2=94=82 - hook id: ocamlformat
     =E2=94=82 - files were modified by this hook
     =E2=94=82 $ git add .
     =E2=94=82 $ pre-commit run ocamlformat
     =E2=94=82 ocamlformat.....Passed
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[ocamlformat] 

[pre-commit] 

[Install pre-commit] 


New release of naboris 0.1.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Shawn McGinty announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Simple http server for OCaml/ReasonML.

  [naboris] has been updated to 0.1.2

  This release comes with a few improvements to the API but most notably
  it has much better documentation at [naboris.dev]


[naboris] 

[naboris.dev] 


ANN: Releases of ringo
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I am please to announce the first few
  releases of Ringo: a library for caches. Ringo offers two kinds of
  caches: Maps for caches of key-value pairs and Sets for caches of
  simple elements. In addition, each kind of cache can be tweaked to
  handle their bounds differently.

  Ringo versions 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 are available on `opam'. As the
  version number and the bundled announce suggests, this library is
  still in early phases of release: additional replacement policies will
  be added, the interface will probably change somewhat,
  etc. Suggestions welcome!

  Even though the interface is still in early phases of release, the
  implementation is covered by a lot of tests and is already in use in
  the Tezos project.

  The code is available at 


resto 0.2 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Release of `resto 0.5'
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I'm happy to announce the release of
  version 0.5 of `resto'.

  The main change brought in this release are:
  =E2=80=A2 relaxing of dependency bounds,
  =E2=80=A2 documentation!


Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml (research paper)
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The following paper on the multicore GC design by @kayceesrk and his
  coauthors has been posted on arXiv today and might interest the
  community: 


Multicore Update: April 2020, with a preprint paper
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the April 2020 update from the Multicore OCaml team, across
  the UK, India, France and Switzerland!  Although most of us are in
  lockdown, we continue to march forward.  As with [previous updates],
  thanks to @shakthimaan and @kayceesrk for help assembling it all.


[previous updates] 

=E2=97=8A Preprint: Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml

  We've put up a preprint of a paper titled ["Retrofitting Parallelism
  onto OCaml" ] for which we would be grateful to receive feedback.  The
  paper lays out the problem space for the multicore extension of OCaml
  and presents the design choices, implementation and evaluation of the
  concurrent garbage collector (GC).

  Note that this is *not a final paper* as it is currently under peer
  review, so any feedback given now can still be incorporated.  Please
  use the e-mail contact details in the [pdf paper] for @kayceesrk and
  myself so we can aggregate (and acknowledge!) any such comments.


  ["Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml" ]
  

  [pdf paper] 


=E2=97=8A Rebasing Progress

  The Multicore OCaml rebase from 4.06.1 has gained momentum.  We have
  successfully rebased the parallel-minor-GC all the way onto the [4.09
  OCaml trees].  We will publish updated opam packages when we get to
  the recently branched 4.11 in the next couple of weeks.

  Rebasing complex features like this is a "slow and steady" process due
  to the number of intermediate conflicts and bootstrapping, so we will
  not be publishing opam packages for every intermediate version =E2=80=93
  instead, the 4.11 trees will form the new "stable base" for any PRs.


  [4.09 OCaml trees]
  


=E2=97=8A Higher-level Domainslib API

  A thread from [last month's update] on building a parallel raytracer
  led to some useful advancements in the [domainslib] library to provide
  async/await-style task support. See the updates below for more
  details.

  There is also an interesting discussion on
  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#324] about how to go about profiling
  and optimising your own small programs.  More experiments with
  parallel algorithms with different scheduling properties would be most
  useful at this time.


  [last month's update]
  

  [domainslib] 

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#324]
  


=E2=97=8A Upstreamed features in 4.11

  The [4.11 release has recently branched] and has the following
  multicore-relevant changes in it:

  =E2=80=A2 A concurrency-safe marshalling implementation (originally in
    [ocaml#9293], then implemented again in [ocaml#9353]). This will
    have a slight speed hit to marshalling-heavy programs, so feedback
    on trying this in your projects with 4.11 will be appreciated to the
    upstream OCaml issue tracker.
  =E2=80=A2 A runtime eventlog tracing system using the CTF format is on the
    verge of being merged in 4.11 over in [ocaml#9082].  This will also
    be of interest to those who need sequential program profiling, and
    is a generalisation of the infrastructure that was essential to our
    development of the multicore GC.  If anyone is interested in helping
    with hacking on the OCaml side of CTF support to build clients,
    please get in touch with me or @kayceesrk.

  In addition to the above highlights, we have also been making
  continuous improvements and additions to the Sandmark benchmarking
  test infrastructure. The various ongoing and completed tasks are
  provided below for your reference.


  [4.11 release has recently branched]
  

  [ocaml#9293] 

  [ocaml#9353] 

  [ocaml#9082] 


Multicore OCaml
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Ongoing

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore] Promote Multicore OCaml to tr=
unk

    The rebasing of Multicore OCaml from 4.06 to 4.10 is being worked,
    and we are now at 4.09! In a few weeks, we expect to complete the
    rebase to the latest trunk release.
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/eventlog-tools]: OCaml Eventlog Tools

    A project that provides a set of tools for runtime tracing for OCaml
    4.11.0 and higher has been created. This includes a simple OCaml
    decoder for eventlog's trace and a built-in chrome converter tool.
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/domainslib#5] Add parallel_scan to domainslib

    A [parallel_scan] implementation that uses the Task API with
    prefix_sum and summed_area_table has now been added to the
    Domain-level Parallel Programming library for Multicore OCaml
    (domainslib) library.


  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore]
  

  [ocaml-multicore/eventlog-tools]
  

  [ocaml-multicore/domainslib#5]
  

  [parallel_scan]
  


=E2=97=8A Completed

  The following PRs have been merged into Multicore OCaml and its
  ecosystem projects:

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#328] Multicore compiler with
    Flambda

    Support for Flambda has been merged into the Multicore OCaml project
    repository. The translation is now performed at cmmgen instead of
    lambda for clambda conversion.
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#324] Optimizing a Multicore pr=
ogram

    The following [documentation] provides a detailed example on how to
    do performance debugging for a Multicore program to improve the
    runtime performance.
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#325] Added eventlog_to_latenci=
es.py
    script

    A script to generate a latency report from an eventlog has now been
    included in the ocaml-multicore repository.
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/domainslib#4] Add support for task_pools

    The domainslib library now has support for work-stealing task pools
    with async/await parallelism. You are encouraged to try the
    [examples].


  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#328]
  

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#324]
  

  [documentation]
  

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#325]
  

  [ocaml-multicore/domainslib#4]
  

  [examples]
  


Benchmarking
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A number of new benchmarks are being ported to the [Sandmark]
  performance benchmarking test suite.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#104] Added python pip3 dependency

    A check_dependency function has now been defined in the Makefile
    along with a list of dependencies and pip packages for Ubuntu. You
    can now run `make depend' prior to building the benchmark suite to
    ensure that you have the required software. The `python3-pip'
    package has been added to the list of dependencies.
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#96] Sandmark Analyze notebooks

    The setup, builds and execution scripts for developer branches on
    bench2.ocamllabs.io have been migrated to winter.ocamllabs.io.

    A UI and automated script driven notebooks for analyzing sequential
    bench results is being worked upon.
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#108] Porting mergesort and matrix
    multiplication using Task Pool API library

    This is an on-going PR to implement merge sort and
    matrix_multiplication using `parallel_for'.
  =E2=80=A2 [cubicle]

    `Cubicle' is a model checker and an automatic SMT theorem prover. At
    present, it is being ported to Multicore OCaml, and this is a work
    in progress.
  =E2=80=A2 [raytracers]

    Raytracers is a repository that contains ray tracer implementation
    for different parallel functional programming languages. The OCaml
    implementation has now been updated to use the new `Domainslib.Task'
    API.

    Also, a few [experiments] were performed on flambda parameters for
    the Multicore raytracer which gives around 25% speedup, but it does
    not yet remove the boxing of floats. The experiments are to be
    repeated with a merge against the wip flambda2 trees on 4.11, that
    removes float boxing.


[Sandmark] 

[ocaml-bench/sandmark#104]


[ocaml-bench/sandmark#96]


[ocaml-bench/sandmark#108]


[cubicle] 

[raytracers] 

[experiments]



OCaml
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Ongoing

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9082] Eventlog tracing system

    A substantial number of commits have gone into this PR based on
    reviews and feedback. These include updates to the configure script,
    handling warnings and exceptions, adding build support for Windows,
    removing unused code and coding style changes. This patch will be
    cherry-picked for the 4.11 release.


  [ocaml/ocaml#9082] 


=E2=97=8A Completed

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9353] Reimplement `output_value' using a hash tabl=
e to
    detect sharing

    This PR which implements a hash table and bit vector as required for
    Multicore OCaml has been merged to 4.11.

  Our thanks as always go to all the OCaml developers and users in the
  community for their continued support, and contribution to the
  project!


  [ocaml/ocaml#9353] 


Acronyms
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 API: Application Programming Interface
  =E2=80=A2 GC: Garbage Collector
  =E2=80=A2 PIP: Pip Installs Python
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Pull Request
  =E2=80=A2 SMT: Satisfiability Modulo Theories
  =E2=80=A2 UI: User Interface


Why did Core remove polymorphic comparison operators in OCaml 4.10.0?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Trung Ta asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm using the Core library in a project, and recently when I upgraded
  my OCaml from 4.08.1 to 4.10.0, plenty of compilation errors suddenly
  appears for comparison expressions like:

  `if (xs =3D []) then ...'  or `if (x =3D true) then ...'

  I saw that this change was discussed in this [thread] about
  monomorphic comparison operators in Base, but did not expect that Core
  would make it a default behavior.

  So I'd like to ask since which version that Core removed such
  polymorphic comparison operators?  (I couldn't find it in release
  notes of Core)

  Also, if I defined a sum type like `type ternary =3D True | False |
  Unkn', what will be a correct way to write `if (x =3D True) then ...'
  (which is allowed in the new Core)?

  I can temporarily fix by writing `if (x =3D=3D True) then ...', but using
  `=3D=3D' doesn't seem correct, since `=3D=3D' is about comparing physical
  objects=E2=80=A6

  Thanks for spending your time to check my question.


[thread]



Aaron L. Zeng replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The change was announced in
  ,
  although unfortunately it doesn't look like the CHANGES.md file was
  updated in the repo.  I would consider the thread to be the canonical
  announcement.

        Also, if I defined a sum type like `type ternary =3D True |
        False | Unkn' , what will be a correct way to write `if (x
        =3D True) then ...' (which is allowed in the new Core)?

  Here's a few suggestions:

  1. Define equality/compare functions using [`ppx_compare']
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 type ternary =3D True | False | Unkn [@@deriving equal]
     =E2=94=82=20
     =E2=94=82 let f x =3D if (equal_ternary x True) then ...
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  2. Define equality/compare functions manually
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 let equal_ternary t1 t2 =3D
     =E2=94=82   match t1, t2 with
     =E2=94=82   | True, True | False, False | Unkn, Unkn -> true
     =E2=94=82   | _ -> false
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  3. Explicitly request polymorphic comparison operators using the
     `Poly' module:
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 let f x =3D if (Poly.(=3D) x True) then ...
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[`ppx_compare'] 


Trung said and Aaron L. Zeng replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        btw,

        =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
        =E2=94=82 type ternary =3D True | False | Unkn [@@deriving equal]
        =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        should be: `[@@deriving eq]'

  That depends on which preprocessor you are using.  `[@@deriving
  equal]' comes from ppx_compare, whereas `[@@deriving eq]' comes from
  [ppx_deriving].  Base/Core and the like have better support for the
  former, which is a Jane Street project, although you can feel free to
  use the latter=E2=80=94the naming conventions are different, so it may no=
t be
  as convenient.


[ppx_deriving] 


New release of js_of_ocaml 3.6.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hhugo announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the release [Js_of_ocaml] 3.6.0.

  Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes
  it possible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like
  browsers and Node.js.

  Try it [online].

  Notable changes:
  =E2=80=A2 The `js_of_ocaml' compiler now accepts sub-commands (link,
    build-runtime, build-fs, ..). The plan for future versions is to
    remove other binary (e.g. jsoo_link) and consolidate everything
    inside the `js_of_ocaml' binary itself.
  =E2=80=A2 The standard JavaScript runtime is now embedded in the compiler
    (findlib is no longer needed to locate it)
  =E2=80=A2 Add support for the Str library (Regular expressions and high-l=
evel
    string processing) shipped with the OCaml compiler
  =E2=80=A2 Change memory representation of `Int64.t' (you might need to up=
date
    your JavaScript stubs)
  =E2=80=A2 Many bug fixes (thanks to many more tests)


[Js_of_ocaml] 

[online]



Kirill Alexander Khalitov asked and Hhugo replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        1 Does the project have roadmap?

  There is no official roadmap, the project evolves based on issues,
  requests and contributions.  You can take a look at some of the
  [Github issues]

        2 Is the project generally exists only for Ocsigen needs?

  js_of_ocaml is used by various projects, not only Ocsigen. See
  [Bonsai], [sketch-sh] or [jscoq] for instance.

        3 Will it be adopted for modern front-end development
        (commonjs/esmodules compatibility for working with
        existing building tools ex. webpack, etc).

  Being more friendly with the JavaScript ecosystem as been discussed
  here and there in the past but little has been done, possibly by lack
  of interest or use cases.

        4 Does the project competing with bucklescript?

  I don't think so. The two projects have different goals and different
  audience. One of Js_of_ocaml main goal is to stay as close as possible
  to the official OCaml semantic, allowing to leverage existing OCaml
  libraries without any modification.

        5 Why not to do ocaml to js compiler tools (based on
        js_of_ocaml and bucklescript experience) that combine
        possibility of using native ocaml and js libraries across
        back-end and front-end like implemented in Scala.js/Fable
        F#?

  I don't understand this question. I would expect both js_of_ocaml and
  bucklescript to be like Scala.js/Fable F# in their own way.


[Github issues]


[Bonsai] 

[sketch-sh] 

[jscoq] 


Kirill Alexander Khalitov then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80

  I mean what Scala.js/Fable F# allows to use the most native libraries
  (not all) and JS ones (from npm registry or from custom JS module) in
  one project (ex. front-end). But in case of js_of_ocaml we limited to
  native OCaml libs and "HTML scripts" (not JS compatible modules). For
  bucklescript case we have whole JS ecosystem but have no access to
  useful native libs from opam registry.


Xavier Van de Woestyne replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In Js_of_OCaml, you can deal with JavaScript's module (and npm/yarn),
  using for example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* val require : string -> 'a *)
  =E2=94=82 let require module_name =3D
  =E2=94=82   let open Js.Unsafe in
  =E2=94=82   fun_call
  =E2=94=82     (js_expr "require")
  =E2=94=82     [|inject (Js.string module_name)|]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [Every proof assistant]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.0.7 release]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.1.0 alpha is here!]


[OCaml Planet] 

[Every proof assistant]


[opam 2.0.7 release]


[opam 2.1.0 alpha is here!]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 21 to 28, 2020.









opam 2.0.7 and 2.1.0 alpha





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-0-7-and-2-1-0-alpha/5583=
/1








R. Boujbel announced





We are pleased to announce the release of opam 2.0.7 and an
2.1.0 al=
pha.





This 2.0.7 version contains backported fixes, you can find more information=
 in this blog
post.





The 2.1.0~alpha contains many new features (cf. blog post or
release =
note). If you want to take a look, a few glitches
or regressions are expected, please report them to the bug-tracker.





opam is a source-based package manager for OCaml. It supports multiple s=
imultaneous compiler installations, flexible package constraints, and a Git=
-friendly development workflow.











Anil Madhavapeddy then added





Thanks for all the hard work that's gone into this release, @rjbou @AltGr a=
nd @dra27!





To set expectations, this alpha release is for our users to smoke test the =
new features and let us know if they work
for your usecases.





In particular, the opam external dependency management and support for recu=
rsive pins are both commonly requested
features. Please do take this alpha for a spin, and report feedback here on=
 this thread.





After this alpha is cut, there will be a sequence of beta releases (the num=
ber of which depend on the reported bug
tail), and then the final opam 2.1.0 release. Your testing now will greatly help us put a quality release out of
the door.















OCaml 4.11, release plan





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-release-plan/5600/1








octachron announced





The new version of OCaml, OCaml 4.11.0, has started its bugfix period: the =
set of new features is now mostly frozen,
and in the three upcoming months, we will focus mostly on fixing bugs.





For this release cycle, we will experiment releasing an alpha version of th=
e compiler.





This new alpha version is expected to work as a synchronization point for p=
eople working on updating the opam
ecosystem for the new release. Once the opam ecosystem is in shape for some=
 wider audience testings, we will publish
a beta version as usual. This should be happen around June.





One of the most notable change in this release is Statmemprof,=
 a new statistical memory profiler directly
integrated into the GC.





The provisional Changes list is here.





At this point of time, it is better to take this list with a grain of salt:=
 there are a handful of new features that
are still under integration, problematic features might be removed, and of =
course the list of bug fixes is
incomplete.





But one of the most notable feature in this change log, Statmemprof which a new statistical memory profiler API, is
most probably here to stay.











Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni then added





It should be mentioned that Memprof is documented as =E2=80=9C~EXPERIMENTAL=
~=E2=80=9D, and at least one breaking change is being
considered in 4.12. This also mean that suggestion for improvement will be =
welcome (AFAIU).















ocamlformat pre-commit hook





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-pre-commit-hook/56=
02/1








Brendan Long announced





This is kind of trivial but I figured it might be useful for other people. =
We created a hook config for using
ocamlforma=
t with pre-commit:





https://gi=
thub.com/arenadotio/pre-commit-ocamlformat





pre-commit is a tool that makes it easier to run checks on changed files be=
fore commiting them, and this makes it so
you can auto-run ocamlformat and ensure no unformatted code gets into your =
repo.




    

  1. Install pre-commit like=
 pip install pre-commit
    2. 

  2. 
In your repo, add a .pre-commit-config.yaml like:

    

    

    ---
repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/arenado=
tio/pre-commit-ocamlformat
    rev: master # or pick a commit sha I=
 guess
    hooks:
     - id: ocamlformat

    

    3. 



    

  1. Run pre-commit install
    2. 

  2. 
Now every time you run git commit (or pre-commit run), it will run every staged OCaml file through ocamlformat and complain =
if there are any changes:

    

    

    $ pre-commit run ocamlformat
ocamlformat.....Failed
- hook id: ocamlformat
- files were modified by this hook
$ git add .
$ pre-commit run ocamlformat
ocamlformat.....Passed

    

    3. 















New release of naboris 0.1.2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-naboris-0-1-2/=
5604/1








Shawn McGinty announced





Simple http server for OCaml/ReasonML.





naboris has been updated to 0.1.2





This release comes with a few improvements to the API but most notably it h=
as much better documentation at
naboris.dev















ANN: Releases of ringo





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-releases-of-ringo/5605/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I am please to announce the first few releases o=
f Ringo: a library for caches. Ringo
offers two kinds of caches: Maps for caches of key-value pairs and Sets for=
 caches of simple elements. In addition,
each kind of cache can be tweaked to handle their bounds differently.





Ringo versions 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 are available on opam. As the =
version number and the bundled announce suggests,
this library is still in early phases of release: additional replacement po=
licies will be added, the interface will
probably change somewhat, etc. Suggestions welcome!





Even though the interface is still in early phases of release, the implemen=
tation is covered by a lot of tests and is
already in use in the Tezos project.





The code is available at =
https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/ringo















resto 0.2 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-resto-0-2-released/5028/3








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced








Release of resto 0.5





On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I'm happy to announce the release of version 0.5=
 of resto.





The main change brought in this release are:



    

  • relaxing of dependency bounds,
    • 

  • documentation!
    • 

















Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml (research paper)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/retrofitting-pa=
rallelism-onto-ocaml-research-paper/5628/1








Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni announced





The following paper on the multicore GC design by @kayceesrk and his coauth=
ors has been posted on arXiv today and
might interest the community:
https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.116=
63















Multicore Update: April 2020, with a preprint paper





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-update=
-april-2020-with-a-preprint-paper/5630/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





Welcome to the April 2020 update from the Multicore OCaml team, across the =
UK, India, France and Switzerland!
Although most of us are in lockdown, we continue to march forward.  As with=
 previous
updates, thanks to @shakthimaan and @kayceesrk for help assembling
it all.






    

  • Preprint: Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml<=
br />

    

    
We've put up a preprint of a paper titled "Retrofitting Parallelism onto OCaml"  for which we would b=
e grateful to receive feedback.  The paper lays out the problem space for t=
he multicore extension
of OCaml  and presents the design choices, implementation and evaluation of=
 the  concurrent garbage collector (GC).

    


    
Note that this is not a final paper as it is currently under peer re=
view, so any feedback given now can still be
incorporated.  Please use the e-mail contact details in the pdf paper for
@kayceesrk and myself so we can aggregate (and acknowledge!) any such comme=
nts.

    

    

    • 


  • Rebasing Progress
    

    

    
The Multicore OCaml rebase from 4.06.1 has gained momentum.  We have succes=
sfully rebased the parallel-minor-GC all
the way onto the 4.09 OCaml trees.
We will publish updated opam packages when we get to the recently branched =
4.11 in the next couple of weeks.

    


    
Rebasing complex features like this is a "slow and steady" process due to t=
he number of intermediate conflicts and
bootstrapping, so we will not be publishing opam packages for every interme=
diate version – instead, the 4.11 trees
will form the new "stable base" for any PRs.

    

    

    • 


  • Higher-level Domainslib API
    

    

    
A thread from last month's update on building
a parallel raytracer led to some useful advancements in the
domainslib li=
brary to provide async/await-style task support. See
the updates below for more details.

    


    
There is also an interesting discussion on
o=
caml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#324 about how to go
about profiling and optimising your own small programs.  More experiments w=
ith parallel algorithms with different
scheduling properties would be most useful at this time.

    

    

    • 


  • Upstreamed features in 4.11
    

    

    
The 4.=
11 release has recently branched and has the
following multicore-relevant changes in it:

    




    
In addition to the above highlights, we have also been making continuous im=
provements and additions to the Sandmark
benchmarking test infrastructure. The various ongoing and completed tasks a=
re provided below for your reference.

    

    

    • 






Multicore OCaml






    

  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore Promote Multicore OCaml=
 to trunk

      


      
The rebasing of Multicore OCaml from 4.06 to 4.10 is being worked, and we a=
re now at 4.09! In a few weeks, we expect to complete the rebase to the lat=
est trunk release.

      • 

    • 
ocaml-multico=
re/eventlog-tools: OCaml Eventlog Tools

      


      
A project that provides a set of tools for runtime tracing for OCaml 4.11.0=
 and higher has been created. This includes a simple OCaml decoder for even=
tlog's trace and a built-in chrome converter tool.

      • 

    • 
ocaml-mult=
icore/domainslib#5 Add parallel_scan to domainslib

      


      
A parallel_scan  implementation that uses the Task API wit=
h prefix_sum and summed_area_table has now been added to the Domain-level P=
arallel Programming library for Multicore OCaml (domainslib) library.

      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Completed
    

    

    
The following PRs have been merged into Multicore OCaml and its ecosystem p=
rojects:

    


      

    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#328
Multicore compiler with Flambda

      


      
Support for Flambda has been merged into the Multicore OCaml project reposi=
tory. The translation is now performed at cmmgen instead of lambda for clam=
bda conversion.

      • 

    • 
o=
caml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#324
Optimizing a Multicore program

      


      
The following documentation provides a detailed e=
xample on how to do performance debugging for a Multicore program to improv=
e the runtime performance.

      • 

    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#325
Added eventlog_to_latencies.py script

      


      
A script to generate a latency report from an eventlog has now been  includ=
ed in the ocaml-multicore repository.

      • 

    • 
ocaml-mult=
icore/domainslib#4
Add support for task_pools

      


      
The domainslib library now has support for work-stealing task pools with as=
ync/await parallelism. You are encouraged to try the examples.

      • 

    

    

    • 








Benchmarking





A number of new benchmarks are being ported to the Sandmark performance
benchmarking test suite.




    

  • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#104
Added python pip3 dependency

    


    
A check_dependency function has now been defined in the Makefile along with=
 a list of dependencies and pip packages for Ubuntu. You can now run =
make depend prior to building the benchmark suite to ensure that you=
 have the required software. The python3-pip package has been =
added to the list of dependencies.

    • 

  • 
ocaml-bench/s=
andmark#96
Sandmark Analyze notebooks

    


    
The setup, builds and execution scripts for developer branches on bench2.oc=
amllabs.io have been migrated to winter.ocamllabs.io.

    


    
A UI and automated script driven notebooks for analyzing sequential bench r=
esults is being worked upon.

    • 

  • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#108
Porting mergesort and matrix multiplication using Task Pool API library

    


    
This is an on-going PR to implement merge sort and matrix_multiplication us=
ing parallel_for.

    • 

  • 
cubicle<=
/a>

    


    
Cubicle is a model checker and an automatic SMT theorem prover=
. At present, it is being ported to Multicore OCaml, and this is a work in =
progress.

    • 

  • 
raytracers

    


    
Raytracers is a repository that contains ray tracer implementation for diff=
erent parallel functional programming languages. The OCaml implementation h=
as now been updated to use the new Domainslib.Task API.

    


    
Also, a few experiments were performed on flambda parameter=
s for the Multicore raytracer which gives around 25% speedup, but it does n=
ot yet remove the boxing of floats. The experiments are to be repeated with=
 a merge against the wip flambda2 trees on 4.11, that removes float boxing.

    • 










OCaml






    

  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9082
Eventlog tracing system

      


      
A substantial number of commits have gone into this PR based on reviews and=
 feedback. These include updates to the configure script, handling warnings=
 and exceptions, adding build support for Windows, removing unused code and=
 coding style changes. This patch will be cherry-picked for the 4.11 releas=
e.

      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Completed
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9353
Reimplement output_value using a hash table to detect sharing

      


      
This PR which implements a hash table and bit vector as required for Multic=
ore OCaml has been merged to 4.11.

      • 

    


    
Our thanks as always go to all the OCaml developers and users in the commun=
ity for their continued support, and
contribution to the project!

    

    

    • 








Acronyms




    

  • API: Application Programming Interface
    • 

  • GC: Garbage Collector
    • 

  • PIP: Pip Installs Python
    • 

  • PR: Pull Request
    • 

  • SMT: Satisfiability Modulo Theories
    • 

  • UI: User Interface
    • 

















Why did Core remove polymorphic comparison operators in OCaml =
4.10.0?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/why-did-core-remove-polymorphic-comparison-operators-in-ocaml-4-10-0/563=
3/1








Trung Ta asked





I'm using the Core library in a project, and recently when I upgraded my OC=
aml from 4.08.1 to 4.10.0, plenty of
compilation errors suddenly appears for comparison expressions like:





if (xs =3D []) then ...   or  if (x =3D true) then ...





I saw that this change was discussed in this
thread about
monomorphic comparison operators in Base, but did not expect that Core woul=
d make it a default behavior.





So I'd like to ask since which version that Core removed such polymorphic c=
omparison operators?
(I couldn't find it in release notes of Core)





Also, if I defined a sum type like type ternary =3D True | False | Un=
kn, what will be a correct way to write if (x =3D
True) then ... (which is allowed in the new Core)?





I can temporarily fix by writing if (x =3D=3D True) then ..., =
but using =3D=3D doesn't seem correct, since =3D=3D is about
comparing physical objects…





Thanks for spending your time to check my question.











Aaron L. Zeng replied





The change was announced in https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-v0-=
13-release-of-jane-street-packages/4735, although
unfortunately it doesn't look like the CHANGES.md file was updated in the r=
epo.  I would consider the thread to be
the canonical announcement.







Also, if I defined a sum type like type ternary =3D True | False | Un=
kn , what will be a correct way to write if (x
=3D True) then ... (which is allowed in the new Core)?







Here's a few suggestions:




    

  1. 
Define equality/compare functions using ppx_compare

    

    

    type ternary =3D True | False | Unkn [@@deriving equal]

let f x =3D =
if (equal_ternary x True) then ...

    

    2. 

  2. 
Define equality/compare functions manually

    

    

    let equal_ternary t1 t2 =3D
  match t1, t2 with
  | True,=
 True | <=
span style=3D"color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff;">False, False | Unkn, Unkn -> true
  | _ -> false

    

    3. 

  3. 
Explicitly request polymorphic comparison operators using the Poly module:

    

    

    let f x =3D if (Poly.(=3D=
) x True<=
/span>) then ...

    

    4. 











Trung said and Aaron L. Zeng replied







btw,






type ternary =3D True | False | Unkn [@@deriving equal]







should be: [@@deriving eq]







That depends on which preprocessor you are using.  [@@deriving equal]=
 comes from ppx_compare, whereas [@@deriving
eq] comes from ppx_deriving.  Base/Core and the like have better
support for the former, which is a Jane Street project, although you can fe=
el free to use the latter—the naming
conventions are different, so it may not be as convenient.















New release of js_of_ocaml 3.6.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-js-of-ocam=
l-3-6-0/5634/1








Hhugo announced





I'm pleased to announce the release Js_of_ocaml 3.6.0.





Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes it po=
ssible to run pure OCaml programs in
JavaScript environment like browsers and Node.js.





Try it online.





Notable changes:



    

  • The js_of_ocaml compiler now accepts sub-commands (link, b=
uild-runtime, build-fs, ..). The plan for future versions is to remove othe=
r binary (e.g. jsoo_link) and consolidate everything inside the js_of=
_ocaml binary itself.
    • 

  • The standard JavaScript runtime is now embedded in the compiler (findli=
b is no longer needed to locate it)
    • 

  • Add support for the Str library (Regular expressions and high-level str=
ing processing) shipped with the OCaml compiler
    • 

  • Change memory representation of Int64.t (you might need to=
 update your JavaScript stubs)
    • 

  • Many bug fixes (thanks to many more tests)
    • 











Kirill Alexander Khalitov asked and Hhugo replied







1 Does the project have roadmap?







There is no official roadmap, the project evolves based on issues, requests=
 and contributions.
You can take a look at some of the Github
issues







2 Is the project generally exists only for Ocsigen needs?







js_of_ocaml is used by various projects, not only Ocsigen. See Bonsai,
sketch-sh or jscoq for instance.







3 Will it be adopted for modern front-end development (commonjs/esmodules c=
ompatibility for working with existing
building tools ex. webpack, etc).







Being more friendly with the JavaScript ecosystem as been discussed here an=
d there in the past but little has been
done, possibly by lack of interest or use cases.







4 Does the project competing with bucklescript?







I don't think so. The two projects have different goals and different audie=
nce. One of Js_of_ocaml main goal is to
stay as close as possible to the official OCaml semantic, allowing to lever=
age existing OCaml libraries without any
modification.







5 Why not to do ocaml to js compiler tools (based on js_of_ocaml and buckle=
script experience) that combine possibility of using native ocaml and js li=
braries across back-end and front-end like implemented in Scala.js/Fable F#?







I don't understand this question. I would expect both js_of_ocaml and buckl=
escript to be like Scala.js/Fable F# in
their own way.











Kirill Alexander Khalitov then said





I mean what Scala.js/Fable F# allows to use the most native libraries (not =
all) and JS ones (from npm registry or
from custom JS module) in one project (ex. front-end). But in case of js_of=
_ocaml we limited to native OCaml libs and
"HTML scripts" (not JS compatible modules). For bucklescript case we have w=
hole JS ecosystem but have no access to
useful native libs from opam registry.











Xavier Van de Woestyne replied





In Js_of_OCaml, you can deal with JavaScript's module (and npm/yarn), using=
 for example:






(* val require : string -> 'a *)
let require module_=
name =3D
  let open Js.Unsafe "require")
    [|inject (Js.string module_name)=
|]

















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 28 to May 05, 2=
020.









Lwt now has let* syntax





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/lwt-now-has-let-syntax/5651/1








Anton Bachin announced





Lwt now has let* and let+ syntax, which can be used like this:






open Lwt.Syntax

let () =3D
  let request =3D
    let* addresses =3D "google.com"<=
/span> "80" [] in
    let google =3D Lw=
t_unix.((List.hd addresses).a=
i_addr) in

    Lwt_io.(with_connection google (=
fun (incoming, outgoing) ->
      let* () =3D=
 write outgoing "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n"=
 in
      let* () =3D=
 write outgoing "Connection: close\r\n\r\n"=
 in
      let* response =3D read incoming in
      Lwt.return (Some response)))
  in

  let timeout =3D
    let* () =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #228b22;">Lwt_unix.sleep 5. in
    Lwt.return None
  in

  match Lwt_main.run (Lwt.pick [r=
equest; timeout]) with
  | Some =
response -> print_string response
  | None =
-> prerr_endline "Request timed out"; exit 1







This is now released in Lwt 5.3.0. Thanks to Rahul Kumar for
adding let*, and @CraigFe for adding let+!











Thomas Coopman asked





Awesome this looks great.





2 quick questions:




    

  1. I don't see this new version documented on ocsigen yet? Is that a build=
 that needs to be done manually?
    2. 

  2. Is ppx_lwt still recommend for some usecases like tr=
y%? For what cases is one preferred over the other?
    3. 











Anton Bachin replied





Good questions :slight_smile:




    

  1. The docs generation is blocked on an Ocsigen "internal" package w=
ikidoc, which has not been updated to support 4.08. So, effectively,=
 let* is exactly what is preventing docs generation for the ti=
me being. I'll post the docs as soon as that is fixed.
    2. 

  2. ppx_lwt is probably still the recommended way, because of =
better backtraces, and things like try%lwt. let* =
is nice for people that don't want to use the PPX. They can still benefit f=
rom a monadic syntax.
    3. 















JOSE 0.3.0 - Now with 100% more encry=
ption





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-jose-0-3-0-now-wit=
h-100-more-encryption/5667/1








Ulrik Strid announced





I recently released a version 0.3.0 of JOSE.





https://github.com/ul=
rikstrid/reason-jose 

https://ulrikstrid.git=
hub.io/reason-jose





It now includes some of the JWE (JSON Web Encryption) spec. A huge thank yo=
u goes out to @hannes for helping me
implementing one of the gnarlier combinations of decryption that I could th=
en use as a base for encryption and more
alg and enc.





I also refactored the JWK (JSON Web Keys) implementation to unify and simpl=
ify the representation. It is now possible
to use a private key for anything a public key can do since it's a superset.





A special thanks to @anmonteiro for helping me with the design and reviewin=
g my code.















Are there learning materials for OCam=
l for those with no programming experience?





Archive: https://discus=
s.ocaml.org/t/are-there-learning-materials-for-ocaml-for-those-with-no-prog=
ramming-experience/5684/1








Aaron Christianson asked





OCaml is a language with some advanced features, but a very gentle learning=
 curve. It seems like it would be
well-suited to teaching beginners to program (a few tricky error messages n=
otwithstanding), but I haven't seen many
resources targeted at teaching programming from scratch. Does anyone here k=
now any?











Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied





There is OCaml from the Very Beginnin=
g written by @JohnWhitington.











Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r also replied





An excellent (free) book is "LE LANGAGE CAML" https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/books/llc.=
pdf.











Pierre also replied





There's also =
CS3110 from Cornell University. Here's the
textbook. It's pretty great!















The recent evolution of utop, lambda-=
term, zed and underneath projects





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/the-recent-evolution-of-utop-lambda-term-zed-and-underneath-projects/568=
7/1








ZAN DoYe announced





Hi, dear OCaml guys! We've been keeping quiet for more than one year though=
 utop, lambda-term, zed and some related projects were still evolving durin=
g the period of time. This is because of two reasons:




    

  1. 
The new feature had nothing to do with the fields where most OCaml develope=
rs are working on:

    



    

    3D"a30d5fb6fc07=

    

    



    

    3D"91b88f0c4927=

    

    


    
Recognizing, editing, fuzzy searching for Character Variation(mainly for an=
cient CJK characters).

    


    
Nevertheless, the new feature brought us a good side effect =E2=80=93 the l=
ong-existing Issue with asian charset was resolved. UTop users will notice the=
 refinement naturally, so no announcement was needed.

    2. 


  2. I didn't deem the first few new editions of zed 2 and lambda-term 2 sta=
ble enough.
    3. 








3.0 era





This time, we are entering zed 3, lambda-term 3 era. The features introduce=
d since zed 2, lambda-term 2 are quite
stable now and the new feature coming to us will have a bit more impact, es=
pecially to vim users. So it's worthwhile
to draft an announcement:






    

  • VI Editing Mode
    

    


    

    3D"ca1192404697=

    

    


    
OCaml guys, hope you enjoy this.

    

    

    • 








List of notable changes:




    

  • zed 2:

      

    • wide, combined glyph(Character Variation, IPA, CJK …)
      • 

    • add wanted_column support for wide width character
      • 

    • 


  • lambda-term 2:

      

    • wide, combined glyph(Character Variation, IPA, CJK =E2=80=A6)
      • 

    • add horizontal scrolling support for wide width character
      • 

    • 


  • zed 3:

      

    • add new actions for convenience
      • 

    • 


  • lambda-term 3:

      

    • LTerm_read_line: add initial support for vi editing mode:<=
/li>

    • motions:

        

      • h l 0 ^ $
        • 

      • j k gg G
        • 

      • w W e E b B ge gE
        • 

      • f F t T
        • 

      • aw iw aW iW
        • 

      • include or inner ( ), [ ], { }, < >, ' and "
        • 

      • generic quote: aq? iq? where ? could be any character
        • 

      • bracket matching: jump back and forth between matched brackets
        • 

      • 

    • delete, change, yank with motions
      • 

    • paste: p P
      • 

    • line joining: J
      • 

    • 





for a full list of the changes, please visit the homepages of each project.










Projects underneath:




    

  • charInfo_widt=
h: Determine column width for a character
    • 

  • mew & mew_vi: Modal editing witch & Its VI in=
terpreter complement. In a word, modal editing engine generators.
    • 










What's next






    

  • VI Editing Mode
    

    

      

    1. 
Visual mode

      



      

      3D"7cc45010710a=

      

      2. 

    2. register support and more vi compatible
      3. 

    

    

    • 


  • CJKV
    

    

    
We've recorded more then 100 thousand entries about the structure of CJK ch=
aracters, what is a character consists of,
how are the sub-assemblies glue together etc. And as a complement to charIn=
fo_width, we may release a new project
called charInfo_structure ;)

    

    

    • 















Looking for "lovely, idiomatic" examp=
les of Ocaml used for shell-scripting in the manner of Perl/Python (but esp=
. Perl)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/looking-for-lovely-idiomati=
c-examples-of-ocaml-used-for-shell-scripting-in-the-manner-of-perl-python-b=
ut-esp-perl/5703/1








Chet Murthy announced





I wonder if there are people who have written nontrivial Ocaml code for she=
ll-scripting, that they think exemplifies
the right way to do it.  I've been a Perl hacker for 25yr, and so when I re=
ach for Ocaml to write stuff that should
be Perl shell-scripts, I always find it a bit painful, and there's a signif=
icant overhead to getting the job done.
Some of that is applying ocaml to a new domain, but some of it is that I'm =
just not using the right idioms and tools
(and there are so many to choose from).





So if anybody has good pointers, I'd appreciate learning about them.











Bikal Lem





Haven't tried it myself, but this looks promising … https://github.com/janestreet/shexp.





At least it has the great Sean Connery in its README so possibly worth delv=
ing a bit. :)











Hezekiah Carty





bos seems like it can do =
a lot of what you're looking for. It's at least worth
taking a look, though it may not be at Perl levels of concise for this kind=
 of task.











Martin Jambon





I tried to summarize my take on the subject into this gist:
https://gist.github.com/mjambon/bb07b24f89fa60c973735307ce9c6cb9





I'm not aware of the existence of such tool, but this is how I might design=
 it. This should be reminiscent of
camlp4's quotation and anti-quotation system, which allows alternating betw=
een two syntaxes within a source file.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr: domain of
  SRS0=tH0r=62=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=tH0r=62=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=tH0r=62=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr: domain of
  postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
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  receiver=mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=tH0r=62=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1"
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	by ssl.polytechnique.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 17B3F565712;
	Tue, 12 May 2020 09:45:27 +0200 (CEST)
From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 12 May 2020 09:45:26 +0200
Message-ID: <87h7wl38bt.fsf@m4x.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=-=-="
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X-Org-Mail: alan.schmitt.1995@polytechnique.org
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 05 to 12, 2020.









Looking for "lovely, idiomatic" examp=
les of Ocaml used for shell-scripting in the manner of Perl/Python (but esp=
. Perl)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/looking-for-lovely-idiomat=
ic-examples-of-ocaml-used-for-shell-scripting-in-the-manner-of-perl-python-=
but-esp-perl/5703/13








Continuing this thread, Chet Murthy said and Aaron L.=
 Zeng replied






    

  • needs to be Ocaml code, not an interpreter. I mean, if I=E2=80=99m not =
going to write it in Ocaml, I might as well write in Perl, yes?
    • 







I think shexp might deserve another look.  It's not an interpreter for a se=
xp-based shell language, as its name might
unfortunately deceivingly suggest.  It's really a DSL for constructing shel=
l pipelines using a 'a Process.t monad.
The s-expression part is advertising that you can debug and trace the actio=
ns performed using s-expressions.







The second-most-important part of Perl/Bash scripting is string-handling. A=
nd it=E2=80=99s certainly the part of Ocaml that=E2=80=99s
most painful when writing scripts. Let=E2=80=99s stipulate that there are n=
ice libraries to make this easy. I=E2=80=99m an Ocaml
bigot, I have to believe this anyway grin . This library doesn=E2=80=
=99t seem to use 'em, nor choose/promote a particular
set of such libraries.







I've found Base plus Re to be sufficient
for most of my string-manipulation needs.  It's never going to be as concis=
e as Perl's built-in "magic" support for
regexps, but you gain explicitness and clarity, which is part of the benefi=
t of OCaml anyway.











Chet Murthy said and Donn Cave replied







It=E2=80=99s not as trivial in Ocaml, for many complicated reasons that boi=
l down to =E2=80=9Cgee, string-handling is a PITA=E2=80=9D.







Really?  hadn't noticed.  Ha ha.





I could never really get urge for Perl, but I use its ancestor awk a lot, a=
nd I'm trying out some awk-like simple
string functions, like






let strlen =3D String.length
let sub s i n =3D let b =3D strlen s
     in if i < b
         then let n =3D min n (b - i)
         in String.sub s i n
    else ""
(* s=
ubstring to end of line *)
let substr a=
 i =3D if i < strlen a
     then String.sub a i ((strlen a) - i)
     else ""
let matchre t s =3D try
     Str.search_forward t s 0
     with | Not_found -> -1







etc.





So "open Awk" gets me a handful of more basic variations on common string f=
unctions, with less elaborate parameters,
no normal exceptions, etc.  Including a line by line file processing functi=
on.  I have just newly started on this and
haven't used it extensively, but it seems fairly promising.  No wacky synta=
x or hyper intelligent string processing,
no packages, just a few dozen lines of cheater functions.





"Awk" is a misnomer, in that there's little correspondence between this and=
 awk, it was just what inspired me to try
it.











Rapha=C3=ABl Proust said





I don't think it's lovely and I have no idea if it is idiomatic, but I made=
 a few scripts of my own in OCaml using
the same library that other mentioned: bos




    

  • typepass use=
s xdotool to type passwords from the password pas=
sword manager
    • 

  • conn wraps wpa_supplicant, dhcpcd, ip, and other net=
work management CLI
    • 

  • laptop-stat=
us fetches status information for laptops (e.g., battery level) and pri=
nts it in a nicely formatted form
    • 

  • bakelite inc=
reases or decreases screen brightness
    • 











Vasile Rotaru also said





https://github.com/hammerl=
ab/genspio











Gabriel Radanne also said





I have no particular opinion about the rest, but at least on the regex side=
, this might be of interest:
https://github.com/paur=
kedal/ppx_regexp





If that's still not good enough, I would be very interested by suggestions =
on how to make it more convenient. :)











OCamlUser proposed





I'm not sure about idiomatic, but I do have a utop config that I use to do =
some one-off scripting in OCaml that uses
shexp






#use "topfind"
#warnings "+a"
#thread
#require "ppx_jane,core"
#require "shexp.process"
#require "lambdasoup"
module List' =3D List=

open Shexp_process
open Shexp_process.Infix
open Core

module Html =3D struct
    include Soup

    let of_string =3D parse
end

let read_lines cmd<=
/span> =3D
    eval (call cmd |- read_all)
;;

let wget url=
 =3D
    read_lines ["wget"; "-O"; "-"; url]
;;

let chrome_curl url=
 =3D
    read_lines ["curl"; "-k"; "-sA"; "Chrome"; "-L"; url; "-o"; <=
span style=3D"color: #8b2252;">"-"]
;;

let split_lines =3D String.split ~on:'\n'
let filter_lines su=
bstring =3D List.filter ~f:String=
.(is_substring ~substring)
let to_html =3D Htm=
l.of_string
let find_html pat html =3D Html.(html $$ pat)

let (%) =3D Fn.compose







Then a simple script called shexp in my path:





utop -init ~/bin/ocaml-shexp-config







I add little helper functions as I come upon them. I find it's much easier =
to transition to a file, or full program
when I need it. Example program:




utop # read_lines ["sensors"] |> split_lines |> filter_lines "Core 0"=
;;
- : string list =3D
["Core 0:        +63.0=C2=B0C  (high =3D +84.0=C2=B0C, crit =3D +100.0=C2=
=B0C)"]











Anton Kochkov said





Not exactly OCaml, but can be made with the OCaml syntax as well - see
BATSH.











Bikal Lem also said





I just found this - https://gith=
ub.com/ShamoX/cash. @Chet_Murthy This may be the closest to ocaml shell=
 scripting
experience re perl.















Are there learning materials for OCam=
l for those with no programming experience?





Archive: https://discus=
s.ocaml.org/t/are-there-learning-materials-for-ocaml-for-those-with-no-prog=
ramming-experience/5684/9








Continuing this threaad, Luc_ML said





Before studying more complex books, it's a good idea to first get an overvi=
ew.





O=
Caml for the Skeptical / OCaml in a Nutshell : the
title is funny; its main advantage is that it covers most OCaml concepts in=
 21 short sections where you can
experiment by yourself on simple but essential things.





The books/courses already mentioned are nice. You can also consider this on=
e that offers many examples/exercises and
also a good overview: Developing Applications With Objective Caml.





LE LANGAGE CAML mentioned by @nojb is an excellent book. Written in Caml Li=
ght, it's easy to turn it by yourself into
OCaml. It offers a great chance to learn how to do a lot of things in pu=
re Caml with only stdlib and a simple
syntax extension system (use camlp5 (i.e. the "genuine camlp4") that is fin=
e for that. It works out of the box to
deal with streams and it's a chance to understand what is a LL(1)/recursive=
 descent parser).















Dune meeting notes





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-meeting-notes/5710/1








J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced





I just wanted to publicise that we are now publishing the notes from our Du=
ne meetings on the wiki:





https://github.com/ocaml/dun=
e/wiki





These meetings happen via video-conference every two weeks. If you are inte=
rested in following the development of
Dune more closely, this is good place to look at.















OCaml 4.11.0, first alpha release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-0-first-alpha-release/=
5716/1








octachron announced





The set of new features for the future version 4.11.0 of OCaml has been fro=
zen.
In the next few months, the OCaml compiler team is focusing on bug hunting =
and fixing.





For this release cycle, we have decided to test publishing regularly alpha =
versions of OCaml 4.11.0 in order to help
fellow hackers join us early in our bug hunting and opam ecosystem fixing f=
un.
Once the opam ecosystem is in shape, these alpha releases will morph into t=
he usual beta and release candidate
releases.





If you find any bugs, please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues





The compiler can be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the following c=
ommands





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+alpha=
1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgi=
t+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






or





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+alpha=
1+VARIANT --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where you replace VARIANT with one of these: afl, flambda, fp, fp+flambda





The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:





htt=
ps://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.11.0+alpha1.tar.gz

https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.11/ocaml-4.11.0+alpha1.t=
ar.gz





If you are interested by the ongoing list of new features and fixed bugs, t=
he
updated change log for OCaml 4.11.0 is available at:





https://github=
.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/4.11/Changes















OCaml Users and Developers Meeting 20=
20





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-users-and-developers=
-meeting-2020/5454/2








Ivan Gotovchits announced





Due to the multiple requests and since ICFP will be now officially held onl=
ine with a significantly reduced fee, we
decided to extend the submission deadline till the end of this month. We ar=
e hoping to attract a larger and more
diverse audience this year, given that the new format is more accessible bo=
th travel-wise and financially.





Please, share the news widely!








Important Dates (updated)




    

  • Talk proposal submission deadline: May 29th, 2020, AoE
    • 

  • Author Notification: July 17th, 2020
    • 

  • OCaml Workshop: August 28th, 2020
    • 

















VSCode Platform Plugin 0.5.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-vscode-platform-plugin-0-5-0/=
5752/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





This release contains a couple of major improvements:




    

  • Syntax highlighting is vastly improved. There's now highlighting for ma=
ny more filetypes, and the core highlighting for OCaml is far more accurate=
.
    • 

  • There's integration with package managers such as opam and esy. One may=
 now explicitly use them to explicitly select the sandbox that contains the=
 lsp server and related tools.
    • 





Under the hood, the entire plugin was rewritten from typescript to OCaml (b=
ucklescript). This should hopefully make
contribution more accessible to OCaml hackers.





I'd like to thank @rustykey, @mnxn, @prometheansacrifice, and @imbsky for t=
heir contributions to this release. Their
help is the reason for this vastly improved version of the plugin.





As usual, the plugin is available directly using vscode's extension market =
place. I'll leave a link to the plugin
here to avoid confusion with the many
other OCaml plugins available.





Please report any issues on the bug tracker















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 19 May 2020 11:52:37 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 12 to 19, 2020.









ocamlformat 0.14.2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-0-14-2/5754/1








Guillaume Petiot announced





We are pleased to announce the release of ocamlformat 0.14.2.
This minor release improves the recent 0.14.0 and 0.14.1 releases regarding=
 the doc-comments option.








How to migrate from 0.13.0





Here are the changes of the doc-comments options compared to o=
camlformat 0.13.0:



    

  • after has been renamed to after-when-possible=
 to take into account the technical limitations of ocamlformat;
    • 

  • a new value before-except-val has been added, placing doc-=
comments before the corresponding code, but placing doc-comments of val and=
 external declarations after the corresponding declaration;
    • 

  • before is unchanged.
    • 





Here is the full list of changes made by the 0.14.0 release: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-0-14-0/5435










How to migrate from 0.14.0





The 0.14.0 release lead to some regression of the doc-comments=
 behavior that (although intended for us) lead to
some surprise from a lot of users.
The behavior of doc-comments has thus been reverted to it's 0.=
13.0 state with the following changes:





The doc-comments-val option has been removed and merged with <=
code>doc-comments. The placement of documentation
comments on val and external items is now control=
led by doc-comments .




    

  • doc-comments=3Dafter becomes doc-comments=3Dafter-wh=
en-possible to take into account the technical limitations of ocamlf=
ormat;
    • 

  • doc-comments=3Dbefore is unchanged;
    • 

  • doc-comments-val is now replaced with doc-comments
    • 





To reproduce the former behaviors



    

  • doc-comments=3Dbefore + doc-comments-val=3Dbefore : now use doc-comments=3Dbefore ;
    • 

  • doc-comments=3Dbefore + doc-comments-val=3Dafter : now use doc-comments=3Dbefore-except-val ;
    • 

  • doc-comments=3Dafter + doc-comments-val=3Dbefore : this behavior did not make much sense and is not available anymore;

  • doc-comments=3Dafter + doc-comments-val=3Dafter : now use doc-comments=3Dafter-when-possible.
    • 










How to migrate from 0.14.1





The 0.14.1 release was preserving the behavior of 0.13.0 regarding do=
c-comments, it added a unset value to the
doc-comments-val option.
This option has been removed with the following changes:





The doc-comments-val option has been removed and merged with <=
code>doc-comments. The placement of documentation
comments on val and external items is now control=
led by doc-comments .




    

  • doc-comments=3Dafter becomes doc-comments=3Dafter-wh=
en-possible to take into account the technical limitations of ocamlf=
ormat;
    • 

  • doc-comments=3Dbefore is unchanged;
    • 

  • doc-comments-val is now replaced with doc-comments
    • 





To reproduce the former behaviors



    

  • doc-comments=3Dbefore + doc-comments-val=3Dbefore : now use doc-comments=3Dbefore ;
    • 

  • doc-comments=3Dbefore + doc-comments-val=3Dafter : now use doc-comments=3Dbefore-except-val ;
    • 

  • doc-comments=3Dafter + doc-comments-val=3Dbefore : this behavior did not make much sense and is not available anymore;

  • doc-comments=3Dafter + doc-comments-val=3Dafter : now use doc-comments=3Dafter-when-possible.
    • 










Thank you





We would like to thank our early users to help us on the road of a stable 1=
.0.0 release of ocamlformat.

















ML Family Workshop 2020: Call for pre=
sentations





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ml-family-workshop-=
2020-call-for-presentations/5441/4








Leo White announced





ICFP, and by extension the ML workshop, will be now officially be held onli=
ne with a significantly reduced fee. Due
to the change in official status we decided to extend the submission deadli=
ne to the end of May.








Important Dates (updated)




    

  • Friday 29th May (any time zone): Abstract submission deadline
    • 

  • Friday 17th July: Author notification
    • 

  • Thursday 27th August: ML Family Workshop
    • 

















memprof-limits preview (and a guide t=
o handle asynchronous exceptions)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/ann-memprof-limits-preview-and-a-guide-to-handle-asynchronous-except=
ions/5756/1








Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni announced





Dear OCamlers, I am happy to pre-announce memprof-limits, an
implementation of per-thread global memory limits, and per-thread allocatio=
n limits =C3=A0 la Haskell, compatible with
systhreads.





Memprof-limits interrupts the execution by raising an asynchronous exception, an exception that can arise at almost
any location in the code. I also announce a guide on how to recover from asynchronous exce=
ptions and other
unexpected exceptions that you find in the documentation. It
summarises knowledge acquired in OCaml by the Coq proof assistant as well a=
s in other programming languages. To my
knowledge, this has never been told in OCaml textbooks, so I thought it mig=
ht be of general interest to you. This
research is part of a wider work aiming to regulate the use of asynchronous=
 exceptions in OCaml in coordination with
multicore language designers.





Global memory limits let you bound the mem=
ory consumption inside specific parts of your program, in terms of memory
used by the whole program. It is inspired by this other post, but in a form readily available
for use with systhreads.





Allocation limits let you bound the execut=
ion of parts of the program measured in number of allocations, analogous
to the same feature in Haskell advocated in a nice post by Simon =
Marlow. Allocation limits count
allocations but not deallocations, and is =
therefore a measure of the work done, which can be more suitable than
execution time.





Memprof-limits, as the name tells, uses the upcoming Memprof engine from OC=
aml 4.11, with a low sampling rate that
does not affect performance. A reimplementation of the Memprof interface co=
mpatible with memprof-limits running at
the same time is provided for profiling needs.





Memprof-limits is available on the public opam repository, but depends on O=
Caml 4.11 which at the moment is available
from the beta opam repository only. It is experim=
ental for reasons explained in the manual.








FAQ






    

  • =E2=80=9CIs it wise to rely on the statistical=
 nature of Memprof? If I set an allocation limit of 100 KB, and run a funct=
ion that allocates exactly 50 KB, then the function might fail, due to the =
random nature of Memprof.=E2=80=9D
    

    

    
Memprof-limits is provided with a statistical analysis meant
to help you chose appropriate values for the limit depending on a target sa=
fe allocation value. (Nice pictures
omitted because this discuss does not support svg.)

    


    
Long story short, memprof-limits starts being accurate-enough starting arou=
nd a safe allocation value of 100 KB with
the default sampling rate (meaning a limit of 1 to 3 MB depending on chosen=
 precision), with the ratio between the
maximal safe allocation and the limit dropping very quickly for higher valu=
es. Correctly, the analysis shows that
limits under 500 KB are unreliable.

    


    
I have found that the statistical nature of Memprof makes it very easy to r=
eason about its application and not have
to factor in runtime implementation details. In addition, Memprof is nevert=
heless deterministic, which is (essential
and) useful for reproducing runs in test scenarios.

    

    

    • 


  • =E2=80=9CBut can we really program with mempro=
f-limits, that is, not only write programs but also reason about them, give=
n the probabilistic nature of the guarantees?=E2=80=9D
    

    

    
Yes, if we make two additional hypotheses:

    


      

    1. Allocation limits (as used in Haskell) are used by determining peak rea=
sonable allocation usage empirically and picking a limit at a comfortable m=
argin over it, rather than computing a precise memory bound to be used as a=
 limit. In very controlled environments where the latter would be possible,=
 there probably would be better solutions, and the language this is inspire=
d from makes it very hard to make predictions on memory use.
      2. 

    2. The programmer is fine with a very unlikely possibility of a false posi=
tive; indeed the program is already designed to let true positives fail wit=
hout bringing down mission-critical parts of the program. For instance they=
 can prefer to see a legitimate client having a connexion closed once every=
 10=E2=81=BF year for n of their choosing, if that is the price to p=
ay for avoiding being subject to DOS on maliciously-crafted requests.
      3. 

    


    
Under these hypotheses, the statistical limit is just as reliable as the pr=
ecise limits =C3=A0 la Haskell.

    

    

    • 


  • =E2=80=9CIs it possible to also implement local memory limits, to bound the memory consu=
mption of a particular function?=E2=80=9D
    

    

    
Yes but read on.

    


    
Yang & Mazi=
=C3=A8res (2014) advocates in favour of an al=
locator-pays
model of cost attribution, and note its similarity with memory profiling. I=
n this model, it is possible for instance
to process untrusted user input under some memory limit, before the result =
is distributed to the rest of the program.

    


    
Implementing memory limits based on the allocator-pays model, by adapting a=
llocation limits to take into account
deallocations, would be very easy thanks to the facilities provided by Memp=
rof. Moreover, the statistical analysis of
allocation limits can be transposed, and guarantees similarly accuracy at a=
 low runtime cost for limits greater than
100KB.

    


    
There is one surprising difficulty, though, which has to do with the way th=
e GC works. The GC has a space overhead:
memory that is wasted because unreachable values are not collected immediat=
ely. This overhead has to be taken into
account when choosing the limit. However, this overhead is non-local and de=
pendent on the total major heap size:
one cannot just say =E2=80=9Ctake the double of the desired limit=E2=80=9D.=
 Indeed, active threads will pay for memory that has been
allocated in the past and kept alive. More experimentation is needed to pro=
vide guidance on how to take the space
overhead into account.

    

    

    • 


  • =E2=80=9CCan this be used to bound the consump=
tion of lightweight threads in Lwt and Async?=E2=80=9D
    

    

    
It is straightforward to make memprof-limits parametric in the notion of thread id used to track per-thread limits.
However, to the best of my knowledge, Lwt and Async are not meant to play w=
ell when the computation is interrupted by
asynchronous exceptions. If you have more information about this limitation=
 or are interested in experimenting,
please get in touch.

    

    

    • 








Thanks





Thank you to Jacques-Henri Jourdan for his explanations about Memprof and S=
tephen Dolan for his feedback.

















Tezos 7.0 is now available on opam




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tezos-7-0-is-now-availa=
ble-on-opam/5764/1








Pierre Boutillier announced





Tezos executables and libraries have just been released on opam. You can thus build them from source with a simple
opam install tezos and build your own projects upon them.








What is Tezos





Tezos is a distributed consensus platform with meta-consensus capability. T=
ezos not only comes to consensus about the
state of its ledger, like Bitcoin or Ethereum. It also comes to consensus a=
bout how the protocol and the nodes should
adapt and upgrade. For more information about the project, see https://tezos.com.





Our implementation of Tezos is written in OCaml. It is split into several l=
ibraries (command-line interface
tezos-clic, peer-to-peer library tezos-p2p, crypt=
ographic primitives tezos-crypto~=E2=80=A6) and executables (node
~tezos-node, client ~tezos-client~=E2=80=A6).










Useful Links





Source code for this particular implementation can be found at https://gitlab.com/tezos/tezos/. Develo=
per
documentation is available at https://=
tezos.gitlab.io/. In particular, documentation for this specific release
(version 7.0) is available at http://tezos.gitlab.io/releases/version-7.html.










Installation Instructions





Tezos (internal compiler in order to self amend itself) requires a specific=
 version of the compiler (OCaml 4.09.1):






opam switch 4.09.1







Tezos also requires some external libraries:






opam depext tezos







Finally, to install all binaries:






opam install tezos















Replying to Nick Betteridge, Rapha=C3=ABl Proust said=






Tezos has a soft-updating mechanism that works (roughly) as follows:





The network starts with a genesis protocol (=E2=80=9Cprotocol=E2=80=9D here=
 means =E2=80=9Ceconomic protocol=E2=80=9D: the rules according to which
smart contracts are initiated and acted upon, transactions take place, etc.=
) in which a single public key is
specified.





The genesis protocol has no notion of coin, currency, smart-contract, etc. =
Instead, the genesis protocol knows a
single operation: a protocol injection.





The protocol injection for genesis requires the operation to be signed by t=
he private key that matches the public key
of the genesis block. And the protocol injection changes, irreversibly, the=
 genesis protocol to a new protocol. This
new protocol specifies what constitutes a valid block to add to the chain.





In the Tezos blockchain, the protocol injected on top of genesis included a=
 notion of coins and an in-protocol voting
system to inject new protocols based on consensus amongst coin-holders. The=
re is even a system to obtain the protocol
sources over the blockchain network so they can be compiled by each node an=
d dynlinked directly in: you don't need to
update/restart your node to get the protocol updates. However, this is arbi=
trary: you can start a new block-chain
with a different protocol.





For example, you could re-implement Bitcoin (proof-of-work, coins+transfer,=
 etc.) as a protocol that you inject on
top of genesis. Your block chain would have a tezos genesis block, then a b=
lock that activate your own version of
bitcoin, and then the blocks would be similar to what you would find on the=
 bitcoin block-chain.





Of particular interest to you, the protocol you inject can have entirely di=
fferent on-chain notions (e.g., a TCG/CCG
with no coins at all but a notion of ownership over cards) and different so=
ft-updating mechanism (e.g., the new
protocol can accept genesis-style updates (a =E2=80=9Cdictatorship=E2=80=9D=
 where a single person controls the protocol) or even no
soft-updating mechanism at all (a =E2=80=9Cstale=E2=80=9D protocol where yo=
u need to hard-fork if you want to make significant
changes)).





For this use case (of starting your own chain with a different protocol), y=
ou might be better off cloning the git
repository, doing some minimal clean up, etc. This is because the tezos bin=
aries include the sources for all
protocols that have been used on the chain (so you don't need to get=
 them over the network even if you can).





You might be interested in the following blog post about how to write your =
own protocol:
https://blog.nomadic-labs.com/how-to-write-a-tezos-protocol.html















Official OCaml bindings for verified =
Everest cryptography





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2020-05/msg00017.html=









Jonathan Protzenko announced





The Everest team is pleased to announce the release of official OCaml
bindings for all of our verified cryptographic algorithms, now available
through OPAM as packages hacl-star and hacl-star-raw.





We provide bindings for the following:



    

  • HACL*, a library of pure C algorithms
    • 

  • Vale, a collection of optimized core assembly routines for maximum perf=
ormance
    • 

  • EverCrypt, an agile, multiplexing API with CPU auto-detection that brin=
gs together HACL* and Vale.
    • 





Our code is compiled from the F* programming language to C via the
KReMLin compiler ("K&R meets ML"). We offer two OPAM packages:



    

  • hacl-star-raw consists of low-level ocaml-ctypes bindings generated by =
KReMLin
    • 

  • hacl-star is a hand-written OCaml idiomatic API that uses much more ple=
asant signatures, types and abstractions and is also safer, as it checks al=
l static preconditions at run-time
    • 





We support AES{128,256}-GCM, Chacha20-Poly1305, Curve25519 / Ed25519,
P256, MD5, SHA-{1,2,3} (all variants), Blake2 (s&b), HMAC/HKDF, and the
HPKE and SecretBox high-level APIs. Some algorithms are optimized for
Intel chips, notably AES-GCM – see
https://hacl-star.gi=
thub.io/Supported.html for full details.





General documentation about the project is available at
https://hacl-star.github=
.io/index.html – sample code for the OCaml API
is provided as part of the test suite
https://github.com/project-everest/hacl-star/tree/master/bin=
dings/ocaml/tests





This work was performed by Victor Dumitrescu from Nomadic Labs, one of
the teams responsible for the core development of the Tezos blockchain.















nmea and sail-gadgets





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-nmea-sail-gadgets/5773/1








Davide Gessa announced





Ahoy developers,
few days ago I published a new ocaml library called nmea, which is e=
ssentially a parser for NMEA0183 sentences, a
format for encoding instruments data in boats. There are many sentences, re=
garding GPS, compass data, wind, air
pressure, water temperature, waypoints handling, ais, autopilot and more; a=
t the moment the library is able to decode
GPS sentences and compass data, but I'll implement more sentences in the sp=
are time. I tested it with my boat GPS and
with a gps usb dongle.





After that, I started a new tiny experiment called sail-gadgets, whi=
ch is a Gtk program that elaborates and
displays NMEA data received from various boat instruments (wind vane, autop=
ilot, gps, radar, ais, etc). Sail-gadgets
can be extended with "gadgets" modules, each one providing new functionalit=
ies and new tabs to the main interface.





Data from sensors are handled using React signals, so in every gadge=
t we can compose data from various sensor to
obtain new reactive values.





The gadgets I'm planning to write:



    

  • dashboard: shows current position, speed, heading, tripdist, compass

  • satview: shows current connected gps satellites (partially done)
    • 

  • wind: shows wind indicator with true / apparent speed and direction
    • 

  • radar: shows AIS and Radar targets in range
    • 

  • mob: allows to drop a marker in the current position, and drive you to =
that point
    • 

  • startline: helper for regatta start
    • 

  • track: shows current track in a vector map
    • 





The hard thing in my opinion is writing new custom widget with cairo (compa=
ss, radar, and things like that).





Finally, the project is intended to run over gtk-broadway, so every =
html5 enabled device can access the
application.







3D"broadway.jpg"







Hope there are some sailor here that want to join writing some gadgets :) R=
epos are:

















Is there specialized math library for=
 statistics?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/is-there-speciali=
zed-math-library-for-statistics/5778/1








hss asked





I searched to find math library which is written in OCaml, but there are on=
ly few repositories.





I'd like to use some function like coefficient correlation, covariance, etc.





I found Lacaml but it seems not to support them.





Could you give some link if you know?











bnguyenvanyen replied





Hi, you can take a look at Owl : https://oca=
ml.xyz/





There are stat functions and also a lot more











UnixJunkie also replied





There is also this one: 

https://github.com/superbo=
bry/pareto 

GSL powered OCaml statistics library http://superbobry.github.io/pareto/0.2





And probably even some more:



opam search statistic
# Packages matching: match(*statistic*)
# Name            # Installed # Synopsis
[...]
gsl               --          GSL - Bindings to the GNU Scientific Library
oml               --          Math Library
owl               --          OCaml Scientific and Engineering Computing
owl-plplot        --          OCaml Scientific and Engineering Computing
pareto            --          GSL powered OCaml statistics library.
statsd-client     --          StatsD client library
[...]















New OCaml books?





Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-ocaml-books/5789/1








Axel Wintermann asked





I wonder, why there are no new OCaml books since 2014 year? Many books are =
published on Haskell, Scala, F# themes,
but no OCaml. I think  we need new books for learning and for rising intere=
st in our beautiful language.











Takuma Ishikawa replied




















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 09 Jun 2020 10:28:05 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



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Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 02 to 09, 2020.









Multicore Update: April 2020, with a =
preprint paper





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-updat=
e-april-2020-with-a-preprint-paper/5630/26








Continuing this thread, Daniel B=C3=BCnzli asked and =
KC Sivaramakrishnan replied







One thing that I didn=E2=80=99t get from the paper is how exactly  Co=
ncurMinor  breaks the current FFI and the impact it
would have on the existing eco-system, on a scale from =E2=80=9Cit affect a=
ll projects=E2=80=9D to =E2=80=9Conly people doing  that
fancy thing=E2=80=9D :=E2=80=93) ?







All the projects that use the C API. The details are here:
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/wiki/C-API-change=
s







At the end of the paper it seems you make the point that  ParMinor  is the solution to go with for the time
being. Does this means you are going to leave behind the work done on  ConcurMinor  or do you intend to continue
to maintain it ?







We don't intend to maintain it. It is quite a bit of work to maintain and p=
ort the changes across two different GCs.
ParMinor GC is now at 4.11 branch point (the default multicore=
 compiler is 4.10 + ParMinor now). The ConcMinor is
at 4.06.1.





Given that ConcMinor breaks the C API, the ecosystem would hav=
e to be fixed for ConcMinor to be useful. The code
changes are indeed intricate; the differences are not just in the minor GC,=
 but the compilers internal use of the C
API. It will be quite a bit of work to keep both GCs in the same source dis=
tribution.











Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni then said







Given that ConcMinor breaks the C API, the ecosystem would hav=
e to be fixed for ConcMinor to be useful.







I do not think this is necessarily true.





Here is why I think so, but be warned that this is preliminary as I do not =
have time to explore this idea further on
my own at the moment.








State in Rust





Breaking the C API is a consequence of deciding that all single-threaded sh=
ared mutable state must assume they are
also shared between threads. So a new read barrier is used to promote value=
s when read from another thread. But for
data types that were correct up to now, users must also be careful to avoid=
 races from now on… for instance by
avoiding sharing values of such types between domains.





One lesson of Rust is that there are different kinds of mutable state, for =
different usages, with different means to
achieve thread-safety.





The closest there is to current OCaml's mutable is the notion =
of single-threaded multiple-writers mutable state
(Cell). It is made thread-saf=
e in Rust by statically preventing values containing Cell from=
 crossing thread
boundaries (by virtue of not having the Sen=
d trait). The same restriction is used to make some data stru=
ctures
more efficient by avoiding the cost of synchronisation (cf. the reference-c=
ounting pointer Rc vs. the atomic
reference-counting pointer Arc).





This is not enough by itself, and Rust offers other kinds of state for comm=
unicating and sharing values between
threads.





UnsafeCell like Ocaml multico=
re's mutable (though yours is safe thanks to the work on the m=
emory model): it has
almost no restriction and can be sent across domains, but the user is likew=
ise told to =E2=80=9Cavoid data races=E2=80=9D. It is
rarely used alone, but together with type abstraction it can be used to pro=
gram safe concurrent data structures.





Lastly, the default notion of state in Rust is linear state, which can be s=
ent freely across threads. Thread-safety
is ensured by restricting aliasing using the ownership and borrowing discip=
line.










A backwards-compatible concurrent collector?





If I had to imagine a backwards-compatible OCaml with static control of int=
erference =C3=A0 la Rust based on ConcMinor,
it would distinguish the three kinds of state (concretely with other keywor=
ds in addition to mutable). mutable
would keep its current meaning of single-domain, multiple-writers state and=
 not require a read barrier, and in
particular preserve the API. (I count systhreads as single-threaded for thi=
s purpose, since here it means "sharing
the same minor heap".)





Programs could progressively transition to other kinds of state when parall=
elising the program. Concretely, a data
structure like Stack.t, instead of becoming racy, would keep i=
ts current meaning, but users could replace it with a
linear stack or a concurrent stack, two data structures distinct from the f=
irst one, when parallelizing their
programs.





So how could this fit with the current plans? It is not entirely clear to m=
e. If people start to rely on parallelism
in an unstructured way (e.g. no clear distinction between different kinds o=
f data types arising from different ways
of ensuring thread-safety) then one will also lose the ability to retrofit =
ConcMinor in a backwards-compatible
manner (by losing the information that the current mutable API=
 is single-threaded). The API breakage of ConcMinor
which might only be virtual right now (if I trust this preliminary, not ful=
ly-explored idea) will become real.
(Further difficulties arise with the emulation of the Thread l=
ibrary with domains, but this could be changed
later.)





But if users are provided in advance with a general direction for a model o=
f control of interference this might
happen differently. And eventually having such a model is desirable in any =
case, as it helps parallelizing programs
(for instance the Firefox people reported that they had attempted and faile=
d twice to parallelise the CSS engine in
C++ before succeeding with Rust). Furthermore, in an imaginary retrofitting=
 of ConcMinor, one could imagine
enforcing something like the Send trait at the level of the re=
ad barrier until there is a better way (there would
be two kinds of barriers, one of which would raise an exception if a state =
happened to be incorrectly shared across
domains, and not be required in the FFI).





I find ConcMinor interesting from a systems programming perspe=
ctive compared to the stop-the-world collector
because it could (I hope) offer possibilities such as having a low-latency =
domain communicating with a higher-latency
domain. Moreover the performance cost of the read barrier might be lower in=
 this scheme if it could be removed for
all but the concurrent data structures.

















BAP 2.1.0 Release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bap-2-1-0-release/5906/1








Ivan Gotovchits announced





The Carnegie Mellon University Binary Analysis Platform (CMU BAP) is a suite of utilitie=
s and libraries that
enables analysis of programs that are represented as machine code (aka bina=
ries). CMU BAP is written in OCaml and
uses plugin-based architecture to enable extensibility. We also have a doma=
in-specific language, called Primus Lisp,
that we use to write analysis, specify verification conditions, interact wi=
th the built-in SMT solver, and model the
semantics of machine instructions and functions.





The 2.1.0 Release is very rich in new features but the most prominen=
t addition is the new symbolic executor
mode for the Primus framework. We also significantly updated the Primus fra=
mework, integrated it with our new
Knowledge Base, which was introduced in the BAP 2.0 release; we made our in=
terpreter much faster; we added the
systems and components facilities, inspired by Common Lisp; and we implemen=
ted a gradual type checker for Primus Lisp
with type inference. We also added an ability to represent machine instruct=
ions as intrinsic functions so now it is
possible to express their semantics using Primus Lisp since we added IEEE75=
4 primitives to the Lisp interpreter.





As usual, we upgraded BAP to the newer versions of the Core library and OCa=
ml (we now support OCaml versions from
4.07 to 4.09). We also significantly improved our build times and added an =
optional omake backend, which we are using
in-house.





>>From the user perspective, one of the key features of BAP as an analysis pl=
atform is that you can run BAP on binaries
that you can't run otherwise, either because they need special hardware or =
software, or need to interact with the
outside world. In the past couple of months, we have run BAP on various fir=
mware and found numerous zero-day
vulnerabilities, particular, we were able to find critical vulnerabilities =
in the VxWorks operating system that runs
on, potentially, billions of devices including mission-critical and militar=
y appliances.





As always, questions, suggestions, and opinions are very welcome!















Migrating an Async project to Lwt, a =
short primer





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/migrating-an-asyn=
c-project-to-lwt-a-short-primer/5908/1








Michael Bacarella announced





Consider this a post where I think aloud about my experience migrating an A=
sync project to Lwt.  I've spent about a
weekend doing such a thing, and if, in the process of talking about it here=
 I can save a few people an hour or two
(or perhaps inspire confidence to take such a project on in the first place=
) then it will have been worthwhile.





This wouldn't be a complete post if I didn't also mention @dkim's translation of Real World OCaml's Asyn=
c examples
to Lwt





This was born out of a previous effort where I tried to mix Lwt an=
d Async in the same
project.   This didn't go so well, so I
tried converting the whole thing to Lwt, and it turns out adapting to Lwt i=
f you're an Async person is actually much
easier than I thought it would be.








Basics





Both libraries involve promises/futures.  Async calls its promises
Deferred.t, whereas in Lwt they're called Lwt.t.





In Async you start your program by saying never_returns (Scheduler.go=
 ()) or Command.async_spec after you set up
your initial Deferred.t.





In Lwt you say Lwt_main.run on a top-level Lwt.t =
argument.  Note you can
re-run Lwt_main.run in a single program as many times as you w=
ant, but
perhaps you shouldn't run multiple Lwt_main.run in parallel.





There's an easy correspondence between basic operators.















Async
Lwt






Deferred.bind
Lwt.bind





Deferred.return
Lwt.return





>>=3D
>>=3D





Deferred.map
Lwt.map





>>|
>|=3D





Deferred.don't_wait_for
Lwt.async





In_thread.run
Lwt_preemptive.detach













Starvation worries





The most important difference between Async and Lwt is that fulfilled pr=
omises are acted on immediately,  whereas
Async kinda punts them to the end of a work queue and runs their thunks lat=
er.





A return loop like this starves the rest of Lwt:






open Lwt.Infix

let main () =3D
  let rec loop () =3D
    Lwt.return ()
    >>=3D fun () ->
    loop ()
  in
  Lwt.async (loop ());
  Lwt_io.printlf "this line never prints!"
;;

let () =3D Lwt_main.run main ;;







whereas the corresponding Async loop does not starve:






open! Async

let main () =3D
  let rec loop () =3D
    Deferred.return ()
    >>=3D fun () ->
    loop ()
  in
  don't_wait_for (loop ());
  printf "this line does print!\n";
  return ()
;;

let () =3D
  let cmd =3D Command=
.async_spec ~summary:"" Command.S=
pec.empty main in=

  Command.run cmd
;;







Fortunately there's a workaround. You can get something closer to the Async=
-style behavior in Lwt by using Lwt.yield () instead of =
Lwt.return ().










Spawning threads





>>From time to time you may need to run something in a system thread.   In As=
ync you say In_thread.run, whereas in
Lwt you say Lwt_preemptive.detach.  For simple things they're =
pretty much interchangeable, but one stumbling point
for me was that in Async you can create a named thread and always use that =
for the In_thread.run, with multiple
simultaneous dispatches to that thread becoming sequenced.





This is really useful for interacting with libraries that aren't so thread =
friendly.





Lwt's detach doesn't provide an easy way to do this out of the box, but I t=
hink you can still deal with thread
unfriendly libraries by using the Lwt_preemptive.run_in_main c=
all.





Basically, never exit the detach thread you started to interact with your l=
ibrary, and instead have it block on
promise that gets filled through run_in_main.  In this way you can sequence=
 your detached  Lwt thread similarly to
Async.





Happy to explain further if this is unclear.










Other libraries





Async.Unix has a somewhat built-up conception of the UNIX API,=
 whereas
Lwt_main is more a direct mapping of ocaml's Unix=
 module to promises.





Async Clock.every and Clock.after don't have exac=
t analogs, but you can
make new versions pretty simply.





Example of a shallow imitation of Async Clock.every





let every span f =3D
  Lwt.async (fun () ->
    let span =3D Time=
.Span.to_sec span in
    let rec loop () =3D
      f ();
      Lwt_unix.sleep span
      >>=3D fun () ->
      loop ()
    in
    loop ())
;;







Open questions





I haven't sorted out a good Lwt substitute that's as comfortable as Async P=
ipe yet.   Though some combination of
Lwt_stream, Lwt_sequence and  lwt-pipe might fit the bill.  If=
 you just happen to know already feel free to
cluephone.










Closing remarks





This is basically everything?  I'm almost suspicious that I'm not having mo=
re problems, but will happily accept grace
when it arises.













Rapha=C3=ABl Proust then said







I haven=E2=80=99t sorted out a good Lwt substitute that=E2=80=99s as comfor=
table as Async Pipe yet. Though some combination of
Lwt_stream, Lwt_sequence and lwt-pipe might fit the bill. If y=
ou just happen to know already feel free to
cluephone.







The Tezos project has a pipe-like module: https://gitlab.com/tezo=
s/tezos/-/blob/master/src/lib_stdlib/lwt_pipe.mli
It hasn't been released as a standalone library (yet) but it is released as=
 part of the tezos-stdlib package.





I haven't used Async's pipe, so I don't know how close of a match it is.















jose 0.4.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-jose-0-4-0/5909/1








Ulrik Strid announced





A new release of JOSE has been published to opam





The following changes has been made



    

  • RFC7638: Implement thumbprints @undu
    • 

  • Make kid optional in the header and jwk to align better with the spec, =
this is a breaking change
    • 





I have started dog fooding the library for a OpenID Connect client which ho=
pefully will help with the design going
forward.















OCaml 4.11.0, second alpha release




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-0-second-alpha-releas=
e/5910/1








octachron announced





A new alpha version of OCaml 4.11.0 has been published.
Compared to the first alpha version, this version contains the following ne=
w bug
fixes:




    

  • additional fixes 6673, 11=
32, +9617: R=
elax the handling of explicit polymorphic types (Leo White, review by Jacqu=
es Garrigue and Gabriel Scherer)
    • 


  • additional fixes 7364, 21=
88, +9592, <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/issues/9609">+9609: improvemen=
t of the unboxability check for types with a single constructor. Mutually-r=
ecursive type declarations can now contain unboxed types. This is based on =
the paper https://arxiv.org/ab=
s/1811.02300
    • 


  • 7817, 9546: Unsound inclusio=
n check for polymorphic variant (Jacques Garrigue, report by Mikhail Mandry=
kin, review by Gabriel Scherer)
    • 


  • 9549, 9557: Make -flarge-toc=
 the default for PowerPC and introduce -fsmall-toc to enable the previous b=
ehaviour. (David Allsopp, report by Nathaniel Wesley Filardo, review by Xav=
ier Leroy)
    • 


  • 9320, 9550: under Windows, m=
ake sure that the Unix.exec* functions properly quote their argument lists.=
 (Xavier Leroy, report by Andr=C3=A9 Maroneze, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda=
 B=C3=A4r and David Allsopp)
    • 


  • 9490, 9505: ensure proper ro=
unding of file times returned by Unix.stat, Unix.lstat, Unix.fstat. (Xavier=
 Leroy and Guillaume Melquiond, report by David Brown, review by Gabriel Sc=
herer and David Allsopp)
    • 


  • 8676, 9594: turn debugger of=
f in programs launched by the program being debugged (Xavier Leroy, report =
by Michael Soegtrop, review by Gabriel Scherer)
    • 


  • 9552: restor=
e ocamloptp build and installation (Florian Angeletti, review by David Alls=
opp and Xavier Leroy)
    • 


  • 7708, 9580: Ensure Stdlib do=
cumentation index refers to Stdlib. (Stephen Dolan, review by Florian Angel=
etti, report by Hannes Mehnert)
    • 


  • 9189, 9281: fix a conflict w=
ith Gentoo build system by removing an one-letter Makefile variable. (Flori=
an Angeletti, report by Ralph Seichter, review by David Allsopp and Damien =
Doligez)
    • 





The compiler can be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the following c=
ommands





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+alpha=
2 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgi=
t+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






or





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+alpha=
2+<VARIANT> --repositories=3Ddefault,=
beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where <VARIANT> is replaced with one of these: afl, flambda, fp, fp+f=
lambda





The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:







If you find any bugs, please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues















OCaml Workshop 2020: Call for Volunte=
ers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-workshop-2020-call-f=
or-volunteers/5913/1








Ivan Gotovchits announced





The OCaml Workshop will be held in the virtual format this year, which pose=
s new challenges and requires people with
special talents and training. The Organizing Committee is seeking for membe=
rs who will volunteer to fill one (or
more) of the following roles:




    

  1. AV Editor
    2. 

  2. Session Host
    3. 

  3. Transcribers/Interpreter
    4. 

  4. Content Manager
    5. 

  5. Accessibility Chair
    6. 





The roles are described in details below. We are asking prospective Organiz=
ing Committee members to contact the
Organizing Committee chair ([ivg@ieee.org](=
mailto:ivg@ieee.org)), indicating which role(s) they are ready to take.








AV Editor





AV (Audio/Video) editors are responsible for previewing the presentations a=
nd providing help and feedback to the
authors. Ideally we target for one editor per talk.






    

  • Duties
    

    

      

    • Preview and (if necessary) post-process or (ask the author to shoot aga=
in) the pre-recorded videos.
      • 

    • Advise authors and help in choice of software and hardware, teach how t=
o set up the camera, light, make sure that the audio is of good quality and=
, in general, channel our quality guidelines.
      • 

    • Ensure that all videos are of the same quality, the audio levels are th=
e same, and that everything is loud and clear.
      • 

    

    

    • 








Session Hosts





Session hosts will assist session chairs in streaming the pre-recorded vide=
os as well as helping and moderating the
Q&A sessions and the panel session. They will also be responsible for s=
ecurity and be ready to react to potential
threats and wrongdoers. Since we will broadcast sessions in several time zo=
nes we need several hosts for each
session.






    

  • Duties
    

    

      

    • Moderating the text chats
      • 

    • Controlling microphones in the video-conferencing
      • 

    • Watching for the time
      • 

    • Performing sound checks
      • 

    • Welcoming and otherwise guiding participants
      • 

    

    

    • 








Transcribers / Interpreters





We would like to have at least English transcriptions for each talk and tra=
nslations to other languages are very
welcome. Transcriptions enable accessibility as well as potentially increas=
e the audience and publicity as they could
be indexed by the search engines.






    

  • Duties
    

    

      

    • Create transcriptions for videos, potentially in other languages.
      • 

    

    

    • 








Content Manager





The content manager will be responsible for maintaining the web presence of=
 the conference on https://ocaml.org/. We
plan to have all videos available, as well as maintain a page for each subm=
itted work.










Accessibility Chair





We are striving to make the conference accessible to everyone and we are lo=
oking for volunteers who have experience
in online accessibility.






    

  • Duties
    

    

      

    • Helping with the selection of accessible platforms and tools.
      • 

    • Working with attendees to ensure the necessary access services are incl=
uded.
      • 

    • Establishing best practices for preparing and running accessible sessio=
ns.
      • 

    

    

    • 















Introduction to Lwt





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/introduction-to-lwt/5940/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





I've published https://raphael-proust.github.io/code/lwt-part-1.html, a 2-part i=
ntroduction to Lwt.





The main aim of the introduction is to give a good mental model of what pro=
mises are, how they behave and how to use
them. It assumes basic familiarity with OCaml.





Don't hesitate to ask questions or share feedback.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 09 to 16, 2020.









First release of monolith





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-monolith/5946/1=









Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





It is my pleasure to announce the first release of Monolith.





Monolith offers facilities for testing an OCaml library (for instance, a da=
ta
structure implementation) by comparing it against a reference implementatio=
n.
It uses a form of black-box testing, and relies on afl-fuzz fo=
r efficiency.





The user must describe what types and operations the library provides. Under
the best circumstances, this requires 2-3 lines of code per type or operati=
on.
The user must also provide a reference implementation of the library.





Then, like a monkey typing on a keyboard, Monolith attempts to exercise the
library in every possible way, in the hope of discovering a scenario where =
the
library behaves incorrectly. If such a scenario is discovered, it is printed
in the form of an OCaml program, so as to help the user reproduce the probl=
em.





At this time, a tutorial is not yet available. There is however an API
documentation and a number of demos.





Repository:
  https://gitlab.inri=
a.fr/fpottier/monolith





API Documentation:
  http://cambium.inria.fr/~fpottier/monolith/doc/monolith/Mono=
lith/index.html





Installation:



opam update
opam install monolith















Sylvain Conchon joined OCamlPro's tea=
m





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/sylvain-conchon-joined-ocaml=
pros-team/5956/1








OCamlPro announced





Sylvain Conchon joined OCamlPro's team as Formal Methods CSO. He created Al=
t-Ergo and has been teaching OCaml in
universities for about 20 years. He shares thoughts on interactions between=
 industry and research labs, and his
vision of Formal methods and OCaml as language for the industry. Read his i=
nterview on our blog:
https://www.ocamlpro.com/2020/06/05/interview-sylvain=
-conchon-cso-on-formal-methods/















First release of streaming





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-streaming/5961=
/1








Rizo announced





It is my pleasure to announce the first public release of streaming =E2=80=93 a library for building efficient, incremental
data processing pipelines that compose and don't leak resources.





I built streaming as a result of many experiments with different streaming =
and iteration models for OCaml. There are
multiple packages on OPAM that share some of the goals of streaming (we even have Stdlib.Seq now!), but none of
them combine (1) excellent performance, (2) safe resource handling and (3) =
pure functional style for combinators.
Streaming solves these problems by implementing three basic and independent=
 models: sources, sinks and flows =E2=80=93
they represents different parts of the pipeline that correspond to producin=
g, consuming and transforming elements.
These models can be defined and composed independently to produce reusable =
"streaming blocks".





The library defines a central Stream model that relies on sour=
ces, sinks and flows. This model is a push-based
iterator with performance characteristics similar to the iter =
iterator, which has type ('a -> unit) -> unit, and
is known for being very efficient. But unlike iter, it has a p=
ure functional core (no need to use mutable state and
exceptions for flow control!) and can handle resource allocation and clean =
up in a lazy and deterministic way. All of
this while having a slightly better performance for common stream operation=
s.





For those who are curious about the performance characteristics of st=
reaming and other models, I created a
dedicated repository for stream benchmarks: https://github.com/rizo/streams-bench. In particular=
, it includes a few
simple benchmarks for Gen, Base.Sequence, S=
tdlib.Seq, Iter, Streaming.Stream and Streaming.Source.





The library should soon be published on opam. In the meantime, I invite you=
 to read the docs and explore the code:













Guillaume Bury askec





That's great ! From the benchmarks, it looks like you hit a really good imp=
lementation !





I've looked (maybe a bit fast) at the API documentation, and it is admitted=
ly a bit outside the scope of
streams/iterators, but I was wondering if there was some proper way to:



    

  • connect a sink to a source to create some loop
    • 

  • have some kind of fixpoint on streams
    • 





I guess it would always be possible to use some references and/or some comp=
lex functions to encode these into the
provided API, but I was wondering if there was a clean way to do it.





For a bit of context and explanation, what I have in mind is the case of a =
program (let's say a type-checker or
something close to the idea) with a persistent state, that should op=
erate over a stream of inputs, which are
top-level phrases, and produce some outputs, for instance print some result=
 for each correctly type-checked statement
(and an error otherwise).
The type-checker would basically be a function of type (`input * `sta=
te) -> (`output * `state), and starting
from an initial state, it would process an input element (giving the output=
 to some sink), and then the next input
element would be processed with the state that was reached after processing=
 the previous element: the state would
reach the sink of the flow, and then be inserted back into the source.
Separately, imagine the language being type-checked has a notion of include=
, then one of the step of the flow would
be to expand each include into a stream of inputs/phrases, but each of the =
phrases in this stream would need to be
expanded, so a simple flat_map~/~flatten is not enough.





I already have a custom implementation that handle these features, but I wa=
s wondering whether I could use
streaming to handle most of the code linking all of the steps,=
 ^^











Rizo replied







if there was some proper way to:



    

  • connect a sink to a source to create some loop
    • 

  • have some kind of fixpoint on streams
    • 







Regarding the first point: yes! That's exactly the point of the Strea=
m module. You see, sources are pull-based
abstractions, while sinks are push-based. Source's type essentially says so=
mething like "I might give you some data,
if you ask", while sink's type is the opposite "I might take some data, if you give it to me". They are comple=
tely
and intentionally decoupled; it is Stream's role to drive the computation b=
y pulling data from sources and pushing it
into sinks. So the easiest way to connect them is:






Stream.=
(from srouce |> into sink)







Of course, that's not very useful per se, but it illustrates my point. Take=
 a look at the
Stream.from code to see the implementation
of the loop you're asking for. It does some extra work to ensure that resou=
rces are correctly handled, but it should
be clear what the loop is doing.





The stream types in the library are currently abstract because I didn't wan=
t to commit to a particular representation
just yet. If this is a problem for your use case, let me know, I'll expose =
them in a Private module.





Regarding the second point: I'm not sure what you mean in practice by "fixp=
oint on streams". I guess the one thing
that could help implement something like that is the
Stream.run function. It
allows you to continue reading elements from a source even after a sink is =
filled by returning a leftover stream.
This stream can be used with Stream.run repeatedly.





Alternatively there's also
Flow.through, which
consumes input trying to fill sinks repeatedly and produces their aggregate=
d values as a stream. Super useful for
things like streaming parsing. Might even help with your use-case for top-l=
evel phrases.





On a more general note though, the type ('input * 'state) -> ('out=
put * 'state) looks a lot like a mealy
machine. Streaming.Sink is a moore
machine, which is slightly less general because the output values do
not depend on input values, only on the state.





I thought about exposing different kinds of sinks in streaming, but wanted =
to make sure that the common use cases are
covered first. I'll keep your case in mind for future versions of the libra=
ry.















Senior software engineer at Asemio in=
 Tulsa, OK





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/senior-software-eng=
ineer-at-asemio-in-tulsa-ok/5979/1








Simon Grondin announced





We are Asemio and our team of data scientists, software engineers, architec=
ts, and management consultants are working
together to achieve a nationwide data ecosystem for social good.





You=E2=80=99ll be working on the Asemio Community Integration Platform. It =
features state-of-the-art privacy-preserving,
pre-processing and pipeline management, as well as record linkage technolog=
y.





The back end is written in OCaml. The front end is compiled from OCaml to J=
avaScript and uses a modern MVC framework.
The work you=E2=80=99ll be doing will touch numerous technical disciplines,=
 including cryptography, distributed systems,
language design and implementation, data analytics, and data visualizations.





We prefer candidates willing to relocate, but we could make an exception fo=
r an exceptional candidate.





For more information or to apply, please refer to our SE listing:
https://stackoverflow.com/jobs/401383/ocaml-senior-software-en=
gineer-asemio















Other OCaml News















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 23 to 30, 2020.









finch - static site generator





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-finch-static-site-generator/60=
26/1








roddy announced





Announcing finch, a simp=
le static site generator. It uses content written as
Markdown plus YAML frontmatter like Jekyll/Hugo etc. and produces output wi=
th
Jingoo templates. I=
t also has some integrations with React (as in the JS
library) in the form of Jingoo filters: the motivation behind it was to mak=
e it easier to develop sites that use
React just for some in some parts rather than structuring the whole site as=
 a single page application.















ANN: Releases of ringo





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-releases-of-ringo/5605/3








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





Version 0.5 of ringo and ringo-lwt are now availa=
ble in opam. Although this version changes ringo-lwt only, both packages are released anew to keep the version numbers in sy=
nc. This version includes:




    

  • Improvement in documentation.
    • 

  • Simplifications and reduction in the memory footprint of lwt-wrapped ca=
ches.
    • 

  • Fix for a race condition in the automatic cleanup (previously, on weak =
caches only, a promise being rejected could cause a different promise to be=
 removed from the cache)
    • 

  • Fix a leak
    • 

  • More test, including a test for leakiness.
    • 















OCaml 4.11, first beta release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-first-beta-release/6042/1=









octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.11.0 is approaching.





After three alpha releases, we have created a first beta version to help you
adapt your software to the new features ahead of the release.





The compatibility of the opam ecosystem with OCaml 4.11.0 is currently quite
good, and it should be possible to test this beta without too much trouble.





The source code is available at these addresses:





http=
s://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.11.0+beta1.tar.gz 

https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.11/ocaml-4.11.0+beta1.tar=
.gz





The compiler can also be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the
following commands.





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta1=
 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit=
+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






or





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta1=
+VARIANT --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where you replace VARIANT with one of these: afl, flambda, fp, fp+flambda





We want to know about all bugs. Please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues





If you are interested by the list of new features, and the on-going list of=
 bug fixes the
updated change log for OCaml 4.11.0 is available at:





https://github=
.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/4.11/Changes





Compared to the last alpha release, this first beta release contains the fo=
llowing new bug fixes:








Driver




    

  • #9011: Allow=
 linking .cmxa files with no units on MSVC by not requiring the .lib file t=
o be present. (David Allsopp, report by Dimitry Bely, review by Xavier Lero=
y)
    • 










Typechecker




    

  • #9384, #9385: Fix copy scope=
 bugs in substitutions (Leo White, review by Thomas Refis, report by Nick R=
oberts)
    • 


  • #9695, #9702: no error when =
opening an alias to a missing module (Jacques Garrigue, report and review b=
y Gabriel Scherer)
    • 










Warnings




    

  • #7897, #9537: Fix warning 38=
 for rebound extension constructors (Leo White, review by Florian Angeletti=
)
    • 


  • #9244: Fix s=
ome missing usage warnings (Leo White, review by Florian Angeletti)
    • 










Toplevel




    

  • #9415: Treat=
 open struct as include struct in toplevel (Leo W=
hite, review by Thomas Refis)
    • 


  • #9416: Avoid=
 warning 58 in flambda ocamlnat (Leo White, review by Florian Angeletti)










Flambda backend




    

  • #9163: Treat=
 loops properly in un_anf (Leo White, review by Mark Shinwell, Pierre Chamb=
art and Vincent Laviron)
    • 

















FlexDLL 0.38 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/flexdll-0-38-released/6043/1








David Allsopp announced





We are pleased to announce the release of FlexDLL 0.38!





FlexDLL provides a dlopen-like interface for Windows and is used to simplif=
y the linking process for the native
Windows ports of OCaml and to allow dynamic loading of C code (bytecode stu=
b libraries and native Dynlink). It is
also used for the same purpose in the Cygwin ports of OCaml, except that th=
ey can be configured without shared
library support.





The release includes various bugfixes as well as proper support for C++ lin=
king on mingw and linking against data
symbols in import libraries.





Please see the release page for more information.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 30 to July
07, 2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Releases of ringo
Multicore OCaml: June 2020
Time expression demo
Interactive OCaml development with utop in Emacs
Old CWN


Releases of ringo
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-releases-of-ringo/5605/5]


Continuing this thread, Rapha=C3=ABl Proust said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Ringo provides bounded-size key-value stores. More specifically, it
  provides a functor similar to `Hastbl.Make' except that the number of
  bindings held by the tables is limited: inserting additional bindings
  when the limit has been reached causes some previously inserted
  binding to be removed.

  More more specifically, Ringo provides a function `map_maker' that
  takes parameters to customise the policies that determine the
  behaviour of the cache when supernumerary bindings are inserted, and
  returns the functor described above. Once a module `Cache' is
  instantiated using this functor, it can be used as follows:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let cache =3D Cache.create size
  =E2=94=82 let fetch_data uri =3D
  =E2=94=82   match Cache.find_opt cache uri with
  =E2=94=82   | Some data -> data
  =E2=94=82   | None ->
  =E2=94=82     let data =3D really_fetch_data uri in
  =E2=94=82     Cache.replace cache uri data;
  =E2=94=82     data
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The cache will only hold up to [size] bindings, which avoids leaking
  memory. Additionally, the parameters for `map_maker' allow you to
  customise:

  =E2=80=A2 The replacement policy: which binding is removed when a
    supernumerary is inserted (currently supports least-recently used
    and first-in first-out).
  =E2=80=A2 The overflow policy: whether the cache can weakly hold some
    supernumerary elements (if so, the cache may hold more but the GC
    can always collect them if space is lacking).
  =E2=80=A2 The accounting precision: whether to keep precise track of
    removed/replaced elements.

  In addition, Ringo also provide set-caches: i.e., sets (rather than
  maps) with bounded size and all the same properties as above.

  Also note Ringo-Lwt (`ringo-lwt') provides Lwt wrappers around Ringo
  caches.

  If you have suggestions for a different concise synopsis for `opam',
  feel free to send them this way.

  Use cases are, I guess, caches. In particular those that might receive
  many elements not all of which you can hold in memory. We use it in a
  few places in the Tezos project to hold resources (blocks, operations,
  etc.) that are fetched from the P2p layer: it avoids having to fetch
  them again from the network.

  I think `anycache', `lru', and `lru-cache' are all alternatives
  available on opam.


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  The documentation is now available online at
  [https://nomadic-labs.gitlab.io/ringo/index.html]

  Of particular interest:
  =E2=80=A2 [The signature for a `ringo' key-value cache]
  =E2=80=A2 [The entry point for the `ringo' library] (allowing you to
    instantiate modules with the above signature as well as simple value
    caches)
  =E2=80=A2 [The signature for `ringo-lwt' cache]


[The signature for a `ringo' key-value cache]
https://nomadic-labs.gitlab.io/ringo/ringo/Ringo/module-type-CACHE_MAP/inde=
x.html

[The entry point for the `ringo' library]
https://nomadic-labs.gitlab.io/ringo/ringo/Ringo/index.html

[The signature for `ringo-lwt' cache]
https://nomadic-labs.gitlab.io/ringo/ringo-lwt/Ringo_lwt/Sigs/module-type-C=
ACHE_MAP/index.html


Multicore OCaml: June 2020
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-june-2020/6047/1]


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the June 2020 [Multicore OCaml] report! As with [previous
  updates], many thanks to @shakthimaan and @kayceesrk for collating the
  updates for the month of June 2020. /This is an incremental update;
  new readers may find it helpful to flick through the previous posts
  first./

  This month has seen a tremendous surge of activity on the upstream
  OCaml project to prepare for multicore integration, as @xavierleroy
  and the core team have driven a number of initiatives to prepare the
  OCaml project for the full multicore featureset.  To reflect this,
  from next month we will have a status page on the ocaml-multicore wiki
  with the current status of both our multicore branch and the upstream
  OCaml project itself.

  Why not from this month? Well, there's good news and bad news.  [Last
  month], I observed that we are a PR away from most of the opam
  ecosystem working with the multicore branch.  The good news is that we
  are still a single PR away from it working, but it's a different one
  :-) The retrofitting of the `Threads' library has brought up [some
  design complexities], and so rather than putting in a "bandaid" fix,
  we are integrating a comprehensive solution that will work with system
  threads, domains and (eventually) fibres.  That work has taken some
  time to get right, and I hope to be able to update you all on an
  opam-friendly OCaml 4.10.0+multicore in a few weeks.

  Aside from this, there have been a number of other improvements going
  into the multicore branches: [mingw Windows support], [callstack
  improvements], [fixing the Unix module] and so on. The full list is in
  the detailed report later in this update.


[Multicore OCaml] https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore

[previous updates] https://discuss.ocaml.org/tag/multicore-monthly

[Last month]
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-may-2020-update/5898

[some design complexities]
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/342

[mingw Windows support]
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/351

[callstack improvements]
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/363

[fixing the Unix module]
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/346

Sandmark benchmarks
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A major milestone in this month has been the upgrade to the latest
  dune.2.6.0 to build Multicore OCaml 4.10.0 for the Sandmark
  benchmarking project. A number of new OPAM packages have been added,
  and the existing packages have been upgraded to their latest
  versions. The Multicore OCaml code base has seen continuous
  performance improvements and enhancements which can be observed from
  the various PRs mentioned in the report.

  We would like to thank:

  =E2=80=A2 @xavierleroy for working on a number of multicore-prequisite PR=
s to
    make stock OCaml ready for Multicore OCaml.
  =E2=80=A2 @camlspotter has reviewed and accepted the camlimages changes a=
nd
    made a release of camlimages.5.0.3 required for Sandmark.
  =E2=80=A2 @dinosaure for updating the decompress test benchmarks for Sand=
mark
    to build and run with dune.2.6.0 for Multicore OCaml 4.10.0.

  A chapter on Parallel Programming in Multicore OCaml with topics on
  task pool, channels section, profiling with code examples is being
  written. We shall provide an early draft version of the document to
  the community for your valuable feedback.


Papers
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Our "Retrofitting Parallism onto OCaml" paper has been officially
  accepted at [ICFP 2020] which will be held virtually between August
  23-28, 2020. A [preprint] of the paper was made available earlier, and
  will be updated in a few days with the camera-ready version for ICFP.
  Please do feel free to send on comments and queries even after the
  paper is published, of course.

  Excitingly, another multicore-related paper on [Cosmo: A Concurrent
  Separation Logic for Multicore OCaml] will also be presented at the
  same conference.

  The Multicore OCaml updates are first listed in our report, which are
  followed by improvements to the Sandmark benchmarking
  project. Finally, the changes made to upstream OCaml which include
  both the ongoing and completed tasks are mentioned for your reference.


[ICFP 2020]
https://icfp20.sigplan.org/track/icfp-2020-papers#event-overview

[preprint] https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.11663

[Cosmo: A Concurrent Separation Logic for Multicore OCaml]
http://gallium.inria.fr/~fpottier/publis/mevel-jourdan-pottier-cosmo-2020.p=
df


Multicore OCaml
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Ongoing

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#339] Proposal for domain-local
    storage

    An RFC proposal to implement a domain-local storage in Multicore
    OCaml. Kindly review the idea and share your feedback!

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#342] Implementing the threads
    library with Domains

    An effort to rebase @jhwoodyatt's implementation of the Thread
    library for Domains.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#357] Implementation of systhre=
ads
    with pthreads

    Exploring the possibilty of implementing systhreads with pthreads,
    while still maintaining compatibility with the existing solution.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/dune#3548] Dune fails to pick up secondary compiler

    The `ocaml-secondary-compiler' fails to install with
    dune.2.6.0. This is required as Multicore OCaml cannot build the
    latest dune without systhreads support.


  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#339]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/issues/339

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#342]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/342

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#357]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/issues/357

  [ocaml/dune#3548] https://github.com/ocaml/dune/issues/3548


=E2=97=8A Completed

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/multicore-opam#22] Update dune to 2.6.0

    The dune version in the Multicore OPAM repository is now updated to
    use the latest 2.6.0.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#338] Introduce Lazy.try_force =
and
    Lazy.try_force_val

    An implementation of `Lazy.try_force' and `Lazy.try_force_val'
    functions to implement concurrent lazy abstractions.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#340] Fix Atomic.exchange in
    concurrent_minor_gc

    A patch that introduces `Atomic.exchange' through `Atomic.get' that
    provides the appropriate read barrier for correct exchange semantics
    for `caml_atomic_exchange' in `memory.c'.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#343] Fix extcall noalloc DWARF

    The DWARF information emitted for `extcall noalloc' had broken
    backtraces and this PR fixes the same.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#345] Absolute exception stack

    The representation of the exception stack is changed from relative
    addressing to absolute addressing and the results are promising. The
    Sandmark serial benchmark results after the change is illustrated in
    the following graph:

    [https://aws1.discourse-cdn.com/standard11/uploads/ocaml/optimized/2X/b=
/b385409b3f9e44cbfef98de668b0b4d0ed403472_2_1380x436.png]

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#347] Turn on -Werror by default

    Adds a `--enable-warn-error' option to `configure' to treat C
    compiler warnings as errors.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#353] Poll for interrupts in
    cpu_relax without locking

    Use `Caml_check_gc_interrupt' first to poll for interrupts without
    locking, and then proceeding to handle the interrupt with the lock.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#354] Add Caml_state_field to
    domain_state.h

    The `Caml_state_field' macro definition in domain_state.h is
    required for base-v0.14.0 to build for Multicore OCaml 4.10.0 with
    dune.2.6.0.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#355] One more location to poll=
 for
    interrupts without lock

    Another use of `Caml_check_gc_interrupt' first to poll for
    interrupts without lock, similar to
    [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#353].

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#356] Backup threads for domain

    Introduces `backup threads' to perform GC and handle service
    interrupts when the domain is blocked in the kernel.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#358] Fix up bad CFI informatio=
n in
    amd64.S

    Add missing `CFI_ADJUST' directives in `runtime/amd64.S' for
    `caml_call_poll' and `caml_allocN'.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#359] Inline caml_domain_alone

    The PR makes `caml_domain_alone' an inline function to improve
    performance for `caml_atomic_cas_field' and other atomics in
    `memory.c'.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#360] Parallel minor GC inline =
mask
    rework

    The inline mask rework for the promotion path to the
    `parallel_minor_gc' branch gives a 3-5% performance improvement for
    `test_decompress' sandmark benchmark, and a decrease in the executed
    instructions for all other benchmarks.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#361] Mark stack push work cred=
it

    The PR improves the Multicore mark work accounting to be in line
    with stock OCaml.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#362] Iloadmut does not clobber=
 rax
    and rdx when we do not have a read barrier

    A code clean-up to free the registers `rax' and `rdx' for OCaml code
    when `Iloadmut' is used.


  [ocaml-multicore/multicore-opam#22]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/multicore-opam/pull/22

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#338]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/338

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#340]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/340

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#343]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/343

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#345]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/345

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#347]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/347

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#353]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/353

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#354]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/354

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#355]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/355

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#356]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/356

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#358]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/358

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#359]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/359

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#360]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/360

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#361]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/361

  [ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#362]
  https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/362


Benchmarking
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Ongoing

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#8] Ability to run compiler variants in
    Sandmark

    A feature to specify configure options when building compiler
    variants such as `flambda' is useful for development and
    testing. This feature is being worked upon.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#107] Add Coq benchmarks

    We are continuing to add more benchmarks to Sandmark for Multicore
    OCaml and investigating adding the [Coq] benchmarks to our
    repertoire!

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#124] User configurable paramwrapper added=
 to
    Makefile

    A `PARAMWRAPPER' environment variable can be passed as an argument
    by specifying the `--cpu-list' to be used for parallel benchmark
    runs.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#131] Update decompress benchmarks

    Thanks to @dinosaure for updating the decompress benchmarks in order
    to run them with dune.2.6.0 for Multicore OCaml 4.10.0.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#132] Update dependency packages to use
    dune.2.6.0 and Multicore OCaml 4.10.0

    Sandmark has been running with dune.1.11.4, and we need to move to
    the latest dune.2.6.0 for using Multicore OCaml 4.10.0 and beyond,
    as mentioned in [Promote dune to > 2.0]. The PR updates over 30
    dependency packages and successfully builds both serial and parallel
    benchmarks!


  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#8]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/issues/8

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#107]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/issues/107

  [Coq] https://coq.inria.fr/

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#124]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/124

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#131]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/131

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#132]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/132

  [Promote dune to > 2.0]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/issues/106


=E2=97=8A Completed

  =E2=80=A2 [camlspotter/camlimages#1] Use dune-configurator instead of
    configurator for camlimages

    A new release of `camlimages.5.0.3' was made by @camlspotter after
    accepting the changes to camlimages.opam in order to build with
    dune.2.6.0.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#115] Task API Port: LU-Decomposition, Flo=
yd
    Warshall, Mandelbrot, Nbody

    The changes to use the `Domainslib.Task' API for the listed
    benchmarks have been merged.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#121] Mention sudo access for
    run_all_parallel.sh script

    The README.md file has been updated with the necessary `sudo'
    configuration steps to execute the `run_all_parallel.sh' script for
    nightly builds.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#125] Add cubicle benchmarks

    The `German PFS' and `Szymanski's mutual exclusion algorithm'
    cubicle benchmarks have been included in Sandmark.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#126] Update ocaml-versions README to refl=
ect
    4.10.0+multicore

    The README has now been updated to reflect the latest 4.10.0
    Multicore OCaml compiler and its variants.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#129] Add target to run parallel benchmark=
s in
    the CI

    The .drone.yml file used by the CI has been updated to run both the
    serial and parallel benchmarks.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-bench/sandmark#130] Add missing dependencies in
    multicore-numerical

    The `domainslib' library has been added to the dune file for the
    multicore-numerical benchmark.


  [camlspotter/camlimages#1]
  https://gitlab.com/camlspotter/camlimages/-/merge_requests/1

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#115]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/115

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#121]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/121

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#125]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/125

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#126]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/126

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#129]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/129

  [ocaml-bench/sandmark#130]
  https://github.com/ocaml-bench/sandmark/pull/130


OCaml
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Ongoing

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9541] Add manual page for the instrumented runtime

    The [instrumented runtime] has been merged to OCaml 4.11.0. A manual
    for the same has been created and is under review.

  =E2=80=A2 [sadigqj/ocaml#1] GC colours change

    This PR removes the grey colour used in stock OCaml to match the
    scheme used by the Multicore major collector. The performance and
    considerations are included for review.


  [ocaml/ocaml#9541] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9541

  [instrumented runtime] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9082

  [sadigqj/ocaml#1] https://github.com/sadiqj/ocaml/pull/1


=E2=97=8A Completed

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9619] A self-describing representation for function
    closures

    The PR provides a way to record the position of the environment for
    each entry point for function closures.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9649] Marshaling for the new closure representation

    The `output_value' marshaler has been updated to use the new closure
    representation. There is no change required for the `input_value'
    unmarshaler.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9655] Introduce type Obj.raw_data and functions
    Obj.raw_field, Obj.set_raw_field to manipulate out-of-heap pointers

    The PR introduces a type `Obj.bits', and functions `Obj.field_bits'
    and `Obj.set_field_bits' to read and write bit representation of
    block fields to support the no-naked-pointer operation.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9678] Reimplement Obj.reachable_word using a hash =
table
    to detect sharing

    The `caml_obj_reachable_words' now uses a hash table instead of
    modifying the mark bits of block headers to detect sharing. This is
    required for compatibility with Multicore OCaml.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9680] Naked pointers and the bytecode interpreter

    The bytecode interpreter implementation is updated to support the
    no-naked-pointers mode operation as required by Multicore OCaml.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9682] Signal handling in native code without the p=
age
    table

    The patch uses the code fragment table instead of a page table
    lookup for signal handlers to know whether the signal came from
    ocamlopt-generated code.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9683] globroots.c: adapt to no-naked-pointers mode

    The patch considers out-of-heap pointers as major-heap pointers in
    no-naked-pointers mode for global roots management.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9689] Generic hashing for the new closure
    representation

    The hashing functions have been updated to use the latest closure
    representation from [ocaml/ocaml#9619] for the no-naked-pointers
    mode.

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml/ocaml#9698] The end of the page table is near

    The PR eliminates some of the use of the page tables in the runtime
    system when built with no-naked-pointers mode.

  Our thanks to all the OCaml developers and users in the community for
  their continued support and contribution to the project. Stay safe!


  [ocaml/ocaml#9619] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9619

  [ocaml/ocaml#9649] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9649

  [ocaml/ocaml#9655] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9655

  [ocaml/ocaml#9678] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9678

  [ocaml/ocaml#9680] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9680

  [ocaml/ocaml#9682] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9682

  [ocaml/ocaml#9683] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9683

  [ocaml/ocaml#9689] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9689

  [ocaml/ocaml#9698] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/9698


Acronyms
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 API: Application Programming Interface
  =E2=80=A2 CFI: Call Frame Information
  =E2=80=A2 CI: Continuous Integration
  =E2=80=A2 DWARF: Debugging With Attributed Record Formats
  =E2=80=A2 GC: Garbage Collector
  =E2=80=A2 ICFP: International Conference on Functional Programming
  =E2=80=A2 OPAM: OCaml Package Manager
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Pull Request
  =E2=80=A2 RFC: Request for Comments


Time expression demo
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/time-expression-demo/6052/1]


Darren announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  An interactive demo for a small part of our time stuff and schedule
  handling library is available here:
  [https://daypack-dev.github.io/time-expr-demo/]

  Time expression is in essence a language for specifying time points or
  time slots precisely and concisely, while trying to mimic natural
  language.

  The implementation of the demo core itself can be seen here:
  [https://github.com/daypack-dev/time-expr-demo/blob/master/src/demo.ml]
  , where the usage of Daypack-lib is shown.

  Lastly, the library is still a prototype, so expect some faults in the
  outputs of the demo here and there.


Interactive OCaml development with utop in Emacs
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interactive-ocaml-development-with-utop-in-e=
macs/6058/1]


Samarth Kishor announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I made a [blog post] about REPL driven development with utop in Emacs
  a few months ago. Please let me know if you found it useful or have
  anything to add!  I'm a bit new to OCaml so any feedback helps.

  There was a [similar post about REPL driven development] last year and
  my post addresses a lot of those points. I wish I'd seen that post
  before I wrote this since there's a ton of useful information in the
  comments.


[blog post]
https://samarthkishor.github.io/posts/interactive_ocaml_development/

[similar post about REPL driven development]
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-repl-driven-development/4068


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] mailto:alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org

[the archive] http://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/

[RSS feed of the archives] http://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss

[online] http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/caml-news-weekly/

[Alan Schmitt] http://alan.petitepomme.net/


--===-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 30 to July 07, 2=
020.









Releases of ringo





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-releases-of-ringo/5605/5








Continuing this thread, Rapha=C3=ABl Proust said





Ringo provides bounded-size key-value stores. More specifically, it provide=
s a functor similar to Hastbl.Make
except that the number of bindings held by the tables is limited: inserting=
 additional bindings when the limit has
been reached causes some previously inserted binding to be removed.





More more specifically, Ringo provides a function map_maker th=
at takes parameters to customise the policies that
determine the behaviour of the cache when supernumerary bindings are insert=
ed, and returns the functor described
above. Once a module Cache is instantiated using this functor,=
 it can be used as follows:






let cache =3D Cache.create size
let fetch_data uri<=
/span> =3D
  match Cache.find_opt cache uri with
  | Some =
data -> data
  | None =
->
    let data =3D really_fetch_data uri in
    Cache.replace cache uri data;
    data







The cache will only hold up to [size] bindings, which avoids leaking memory=
. Additionally, the parameters for
map_maker allow you to customise:




    

  • The replacement policy: which binding is removed when a supernumerary i=
s inserted (currently supports least-recently used and first-in first-out).=

    • 

  • The overflow policy: whether the cache can weakly hold some supernumera=
ry elements (if so, the cache may hold more but the GC can always collect t=
hem if space is lacking).
    • 

  • The accounting precision: whether to keep precise track of removed/repl=
aced elements.
    • 





In addition, Ringo also provide set-caches: i.e., sets (rather than maps) w=
ith bounded size and all the same
properties as above.





Also note Ringo-Lwt (ringo-lwt) provides Lwt wrappers around R=
ingo caches.





If you have suggestions for a different concise synopsis for opam, feel free to send them this way.





Use cases are, I guess, caches. In particular those that might receive many=
 elements not all of which you can hold in
memory. We use it in a few places in the Tezos project to hold resources (b=
locks, operations, etc.) that are fetched
from the P2p layer: it avoids having to fetch them again from the network.





I think anycache, lru, and lru-cache=
 are all alternatives available on opam.











Rapha=C3=ABl Proust later added





The documentation is now available online at https://nomadic-labs.gitlab.io/ringo/index.ht=
ml





Of particular interest:
















Multicore OCaml: June 2020





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-june-2020/6047/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





Welcome to the June 2020 Multicore OCaml report! As with
previous update=
s, many thanks to @shakthimaan and @kayceesrk for
collating the updates for the month of June 2020. This is an incremental=
 update; new readers may find it helpful to
flick through the previous posts first.





This month has seen a tremendous surge of activity on the upstream OCaml pr=
oject to prepare for multicore
integration, as @xavierleroy and the core team have driven a number of init=
iatives to prepare the OCaml project for
the full multicore featureset.  To reflect this, from next month we will ha=
ve a status page on the ocaml-multicore
wiki with the current status of both our multicore branch and the upstream =
OCaml project itself.





Why not from this month? Well, there's good news and bad news.  Last
month, I observed that we are a PR away from most
of the opam ecosystem working with the multicore branch.  The good news is =
that we are still a single PR away from it
working, but it's a different one :-) The retrofitting of the Threads=
 library has brought up some design
complexities, and so rather than putting in a "bandaid"
fix, we are integrating a comprehensive solution that will work with system=
 threads, domains and (eventually) fibres.
That work has taken some time to get right, and I hope to be able to update=
 you all on an opam-friendly OCaml
4.10.0+multicore in a few weeks.





Aside from this, there have been a number of other improvements going into =
the multicore branches: mingw Windows
support, callstack
improvements, fixing the Unix
module and so on. The full list is in the detailed
report later in this update.








Sandmark benchmarks





A major milestone in this month has been the upgrade to the latest
dune.2.6.0 to build Multicore OCaml 4.10.0 for the Sandmark
benchmarking project. A number of new OPAM packages have been added,
and the existing packages have been upgraded to their latest
versions. The Multicore OCaml code base has seen continuous
performance improvements and enhancements which can be observed from
the various PRs mentioned in the report.





We would like to thank:




    

  • @xavierleroy for working on a number of multicore-prequisite PRs to mak=
e stock OCaml ready for Multicore OCaml.
    • 

  • @camlspotter has reviewed and accepted the camlimages changes and made =
a release of camlimages.5.0.3 required for Sandmark.
    • 

  • @dinosaure for updating the decompress test benchmarks for Sandmark to =
build and run with dune.2.6.0 for Multicore OCaml 4.10.0.
    • 





A chapter on Parallel Programming in Multicore OCaml with topics on
task pool, channels section, profiling with code examples is being
written. We shall provide an early draft version of the document to
the community for your valuable feedback.










Papers





Our "Retrofitting Parallism onto OCaml" paper has been officially
accepted at ICFP 2020 which will be held
virtually between August 23-28, 2020. A preprint of the paper was made available
earlier, and will be updated in a few days with the camera-ready version fo=
r ICFP.  Please do feel free to send on
comments and queries even after the paper is published, of course.





Excitingly, another multicore-related paper on Cosmo: A Conc=
urrent Separation Logic for Multicore
OCaml will also be presented at the
same conference.





The Multicore OCaml updates are first listed in our report, which are follo=
wed by improvements to the Sandmark
benchmarking project. Finally, the changes made to upstream OCaml which inc=
lude both the ongoing and completed tasks
are mentioned for your reference.










Multicore OCaml






    

  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • 
o=
caml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#339 Proposal for domain-local storage

      


      
An RFC proposal to implement a domain-local storage in Multicore OCaml. Kin=
dly review the idea and share your feedback!

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#342
Implementing the threads library with Domains

      


      
An effort to rebase @jhwoodyatt's implementation of the Thread
library for Domains.

      • 


    • 
o=
caml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#357
Implementation of systhreads with pthreads

      


      
Exploring the possibilty of implementing systhreads with pthreads,
while still maintaining compatibility with the existing solution.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/dune#3548
Dune fails to pick up secondary compiler

      


      
The ocaml-secondary-compiler fails to install with dune.2.6.0.=
 This
is required as Multicore OCaml cannot build the latest dune without
systhreads support.

      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Completed
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml=
-multicore/multicore-opam#22
Update dune to 2.6.0

      


      
The dune version in the Multicore OPAM repository is now updated to
use the latest 2.6.0.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#338
Introduce Lazy.try_force and Lazy.try_force_val

      


      
An implementation of Lazy.try_force and Lazy.try_force_v=
al
functions to implement concurrent lazy abstractions.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#340
Fix Atomic.exchange in concurrent_minor_gc

      


      
A patch that introduces Atomic.exchange through Atomic.g=
et that
provides the appropriate read barrier for correct exchange
semantics for caml_atomic_exchange in memory.c.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#343
Fix extcall noalloc DWARF

      


      
The DWARF information emitted for extcall noalloc had broken
backtraces and this PR fixes the same.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#345
Absolute exception stack

      


      
The representation of the exception stack is changed from relative
addressing to absolute addressing and the results are promising. The
Sandmark serial benchmark results after the change is illustrated in
the following graph:

      



      

      3D"=

      

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#347
Turn on -Werror by default

      


      
Adds a --enable-warn-error option to configure to=
 treat C
compiler warnings as errors.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#353
Poll for interrupts in cpu_relax without locking

      


      
Use Caml_check_gc_interrupt first to poll for interrupts witho=
ut
locking, and then proceeding to handle the interrupt with the lock.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#354
Add Caml_state_field to domain_state.h

      


      
The Caml_state_field macro definition in domain_state.h is
required for base-v0.14.0 to build for Multicore OCaml 4.10.0 with
dune.2.6.0.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#355
One more location to poll for interrupts without lock

      


      
Another use of Caml_check_gc_interrupt first to poll for
interrupts without lock, similar to
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#353.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#356
Backup threads for domain

      


      
Introduces backup threads to perform GC and handle service
interrupts when the domain is blocked in the kernel.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#358
Fix up bad CFI information in amd64.S

      


      
Add missing CFI_ADJUST directives in runtime/amd64.S for
caml_call_poll and caml_allocN.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#359
Inline caml_domain_alone

      


      
The PR makes caml_domain_alone an inline function to improve
performance for caml_atomic_cas_field and other atomics in
memory.c.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#360
Parallel minor GC inline mask rework

      


      
The inline mask rework for the promotion path to the
parallel_minor_gc branch gives a 3-5% performance improvement =
for
test_decompress sandmark benchmark, and a decrease in the exec=
uted
instructions for all other benchmarks.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#361
Mark stack push work credit

      


      
The PR improves the Multicore mark work accounting to be in line
with stock OCaml.

      • 


    • 
oca=
ml-multicore/ocaml-multicore#362
Iloadmut does not clobber rax and rdx when we do not have a read barrier

      


      
A code clean-up to free the registers rax and rdx=
 for OCaml code
when Iloadmut is used.

      • 

    

    

    • 








Benchmarking






    

  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#8
Ability to run compiler variants in Sandmark

      


      
A feature to specify configure options when building compiler
variants such as flambda is useful for development and
testing. This feature is being worked upon.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/=
sandmark#107
Add Coq benchmarks

      


      
We are continuing to add more benchmarks to Sandmark for Multicore
OCaml and investigating adding the Coq
benchmarks to our repertoire!

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#124
User configurable paramwrapper added to Makefile

      


      
A PARAMWRAPPER environment variable can be passed as an argume=
nt
by specifying the --cpu-list to be used for parallel benchmark
runs.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#131
Update decompress benchmarks

      


      
Thanks to @dinosaure for updating the decompress benchmarks in order
to run them with dune.2.6.0 for Multicore OCaml 4.10.0.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#132
Update dependency packages to use dune.2.6.0 and Multicore OCaml 4.10.0

      


      
Sandmark has been running with dune.1.11.4, and we need to move to
the latest dune.2.6.0 for using Multicore OCaml 4.10.0 and beyond,
as mentioned in Promote dune to >
2.0. The PR
updates over 30 dependency packages and successfully builds both
serial and parallel benchmarks!

      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Completed
    

    

      

    • 
ca=
mlspotter/camlimages#1
Use dune-configurator instead of configurator for camlimages

      


      
A new release of camlimages.5.0.3 was made by @camlspotter aft=
er
accepting the changes to camlimages.opam in order to build with
dune.2.6.0.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#115
Task API Port: LU-Decomposition, Floyd Warshall, Mandelbrot, Nbody

      


      
The changes to use the Domainslib.Task API for the listed benc=
hmarks
have been merged.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#121
Mention sudo access for run_all_parallel.sh script

      


      
The README.md file has been updated with the necessary sudo
configuration steps to execute the run_all_parallel.sh script =
for
nightly builds.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#125
Add cubicle benchmarks

      


      
The German PFS and Szymanski's mutual exclusion algorith=
m cubicle
benchmarks have been included in Sandmark.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#126
Update ocaml-versions README to reflect 4.10.0+multicore

      


      
The README has now been updated to reflect the latest 4.10.0
Multicore OCaml compiler and its variants.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#129
Add target to run parallel benchmarks in the CI

      


      
The .drone.yml file used by the CI has been updated to run both the
serial and parallel benchmarks.

      • 


    • 
ocaml-bench/sa=
ndmark#130
Add missing dependencies in multicore-numerical

      


      
The domainslib library has been added to the dune file for the
multicore-numerical benchmark.

      • 

    

    

    • 








OCaml






    

  • Ongoing
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9541
Add manual page for the instrumented runtime

      


      
The instrumented runti=
me
has been merged to OCaml 4.11.0. A manual for the same has been
created and is under review.

      • 


    • 
sadigqj/ocaml#1
GC colours change

      


      
This PR removes the grey colour used in stock OCaml to match the
scheme used by the Multicore major collector. The performance and
considerations are included for review.

      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Completed
    

    

      

    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9619
A self-describing representation for function closures

      


      
The PR provides a way to record the position of the environment for
each entry point for function closures.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9649
Marshaling for the new closure representation

      


      
The output_value marshaler has been updated to use the new clo=
sure
representation. There is no change required for the input_value
unmarshaler.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9655
Introduce type Obj.raw_data and functions Obj.raw_field,
Obj.set_raw_field to manipulate out-of-heap pointers

      


      
The PR introduces a type Obj.bits, and functions Obj.fie=
ld_bits
and Obj.set_field_bits to read and write bit representation of
block fields to support the no-naked-pointer operation.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9678
Reimplement Obj.reachable_word using a hash table to detect sharing

      


      
The caml_obj_reachable_words now uses a hash table instead of
modifying the mark bits of block headers to detect sharing. This is
required for compatibility with Multicore OCaml.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9680
Naked pointers and the bytecode interpreter

      


      
The bytecode interpreter implementation is updated to support the
no-naked-pointers mode operation as required by Multicore OCaml.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9682
Signal handling in native code without the page table

      


      
The patch uses the code fragment table instead of a page table
lookup for signal handlers to know whether the signal came from
ocamlopt-generated code.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9683
globroots.c: adapt to no-naked-pointers mode

      


      
The patch considers out-of-heap pointers as major-heap pointers in
no-naked-pointers mode for global roots management.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9689
Generic hashing for the new closure representation

      


      
The hashing functions have been updated to use the latest closure
representation from
ocaml/ocaml#9619 f=
or the
no-naked-pointers mode.

      • 


    • 
ocaml/ocaml#9698
The end of the page table is near

      


      
The PR eliminates some of the use of the page tables in the runtime
system when built with no-naked-pointers mode.

      • 

    


    
Our thanks to all the OCaml developers and users in the community for
their continued support and contribution to the project. Stay safe!

    

    

    • 








Acronyms




    

  • API: Application Programming Interface
    • 

  • CFI: Call Frame Information
    • 

  • CI: Continuous Integration
    • 

  • DWARF: Debugging With Attributed Record Formats
    • 

  • GC: Garbage Collector
    • 

  • ICFP: International Conference on Functional Programming
    • 

  • OPAM: OCaml Package Manager
    • 

  • PR: Pull Request
    • 

  • RFC: Request for Comments
    • 

















Time expression demo





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/time-expression-demo/6052/1








Darren announced





An interactive demo for a small part of our time stuff and schedule handlin=
g library is available here:
https://daypack-d=
ev.github.io/time-expr-demo/





Time expression is in essence a language for specifying time points or time=
 slots precisely and concisely, while
trying to mimic natural language.





The implementation of the demo core itself can be seen here:
https://github.com/daypack-dev/time-expr-demo/blob/master/src/demo.m=
l , where the usage of Daypack-lib is shown.





Lastly, the library is still a prototype, so expect some faults in the outp=
uts of the demo here and there.















Interactive OCaml development with ut=
op in Emacs





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interactive-ocaml=
-development-with-utop-in-emacs/6058/1








Samarth Kishor announced





I made a blog post about REPL driven
development with utop in Emacs a few months ago. Please let me know if you =
found it useful or have anything to add!
I'm a bit new to OCaml so any feedback helps.





There was a similar post about REPL driven
development last year and my post addresses a lot of
those points. I wish I'd seen that post before I wrote this since there's a=
 ton of useful information in the
comments.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2020 11:54:19 +0200
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 07 to 14,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml 4.11.0, second beta release
letters - simple client abstractions for sending emails over SMTP
A question about Ocaml
Alcotest 1.2.0
Set up OCaml 1.1.0
Old CWN


OCaml 4.11.0, second beta release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-0-second-beta-release/6063/1]


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release of OCaml 4.11.0 is approaching.  As one step further in
  this direction, we have published a second beta release. This new
  release fixes an MSVC-specific runtime issue.

  The compatibility of the opam ecosystem with OCaml 4.11.0 is currently
  quite good with only 7 packages not currently available, and it should
  be possible to test this beta without too much trouble.

  The source code is available at these addresses:

  [https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.11.0+beta2.tar.gz]
  [https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.11/ocaml-4.11.0+beta2.tar.gz]

  The compiler can also be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the
  following commands:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta2 --repositories=
=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta2+ --repo=
sitories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repositor=
y.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where you replace  with one of these: afl, flambda, fp,
  fp+flambda

  We would love to hear about any bugs. Please report them here:
   [https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/issues]

  If you are interested by the list of new features, and the on-going
  list of bug fixes the updated change log for OCaml 4.11.0 is available
  at:

  [https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/4.11/Changes]

  Compared to the previous beta release, the exhaustive list of changes
  is as follows:


Runtime
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [#9714], [#9724]: Use the C++ alignas keyword when compiling in
    C++. Fixes a bug with MSVC C++ 2015/2017. Add a terminator to the
    `caml_domain_state' structure to better ensure that members are
    correctly spaced. (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by David Allsopp and
    Xavier Leroy)


[#9714] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/issues/9714

[#9724] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/issues/9724


Manual and documentation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [#8644]: fix formatting comment about @raise in stdlib's mli fi=
les
    (=C3=89lie Brami, review by David Allsopp)

  =E2=80=A2 [#9712]: Update the version format to allow "`". The new format=
 is
    "major.minor[.patchlevel][(+|')additional-info]", for instance
    "4.12.0~beta1+flambda". This is a documentation-only change for the
    4.11 branch, the new format will be used starting with the 4.12
    branch. (Florian Angeletti, review by Damien Doligez and Xavier
    Leroy)


[#8644] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/issues/8644

[#9712] https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/issues/9712


letters - simple client abstractions for sending emails over SMTP
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-letters-simple-client-abstractions-for-s=
ending-emails-over-smtp/6071/1]


Miko announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Earlier today I've published the first release of [letters]. This
  library aims to provide simple to use client library for sending
  emails over SMTP using _lwt_ for async execution.

  It is build on top of _mrmime_ and _colombe_. While these libraries
  are very capable, they aren't that simple to use, _letters_ is trying
  to fill that gap. Anyway, big thanks for the authors of these projects
  for doing the heavy lifting.

  As this library is still in its early stage, I believe I will break
  the API with first few releases.  Luckily the API is quite simple so
  following these changes should be quite easy.

  To make this library awesome, any feedback or feature request is
  welcome. I'll try to address them as quickly as I can.

  I hope I've managed to scratch someone else's itch too, enjoy.


[letters] https://github.com/oxidizing/letters


A question about Ocaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-question-about-ocaml/6075/21]


Deep in this theard, Yawar Amin said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A few ReasonML books:

  =E2=80=A2 [Web Development With ReasonML]
  =E2=80=A2 [Exploring ReasonML] (free online)
  =E2=80=A2 [Learn Type-Driven Development] (co-authored by me)


[Web Development With ReasonML] https://pragprog.com/titles/reasonml/

[Exploring ReasonML] http://reasonmlhub.com/exploring-reasonml/toc.html

[Learn Type-Driven Development]
https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/learn-type-driven-developm=
ent


Alcotest 1.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-alcotest-1-2-0/6089/1]


Craig Ferguson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the release of [Alcotest] 1.2.0, now available
  on Opam.

  This release includes:
  =E2=80=A2 a new `alcotest-mirage' package for running tests on MirageOS;
  =E2=80=A2 full UTF-8 support;
  =E2=80=A2 default coloured output in Dune (without needing to pass
    `--no-buffer');
  =E2=80=A2 an improved output format.

  The full changelog is available [here].

  [https://aws1.discourse-cdn.com/standard11/uploads/ocaml/original/2X/a/ac=
89cfe4dfeed063560212136c9e2b690a888b6c.png]

  Thanks to our many contributors in this release cycle.


[Alcotest] https://github.com/mirage/alcotest/

[here] https://github.com/mirage/alcotest/blob/1.2.0/CHANGES.md


Set up OCaml 1.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-0/6093/1]


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release contains these changes:

  =E2=80=A2 The default opam repository can now be set via input.
  =E2=80=A2 Linux VMs now use opam 2.0.7.

  [https://github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.0]


Sora Morimoto then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In fact, this release was a long time ago, but I completely forgot to
  post this. By the way, we have made significant improvements to some
  of the documentation. In particular, the action versioning section is
  applicable to other GitHub Actions and definitely worth reading!
  [https://github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml#how-to-specify-the-version]


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] mailto:alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org

[the archive] http://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/

[RSS feed of the archives] http://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss

[online] http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/caml-news-weekly/

[Alan Schmitt] http://alan.petitepomme.net/


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 07 to 14, 2020.









OCaml 4.11.0, second beta release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-0-second-beta-release/=
6063/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.11.0 is approaching.
As one step further in this direction, we have published a second beta
release. This new release fixes an MSVC-specific runtime issue.





The compatibility of the opam ecosystem with OCaml 4.11.0 is currently quite
good with only 7 packages not currently available, and it should be possibl=
e to
test this beta without too much trouble.





The source code is available at these addresses:





http=
s://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.11.0+beta2.tar.gz 

https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.11/ocaml-4.11.0+beta2.tar=
.gz





The compiler can also be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the
following commands:





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta2=
 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit=
+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






or





opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta2=
+<VARIANT> --repositories=3Ddefault,b=
eta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git







where you replace <VARIANT> with one of these: afl, flambda, fp, fp+f=
lambda





We would love to hear about any bugs. Please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues





If you are interested by the list of new features, and the on-going list
of bug fixes the updated change log for OCaml 4.11.0 is available at:





https://github=
.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/4.11/Changes





Compared to the previous beta release, the exhaustive list of changes
is as follows:








Runtime




    

  • #9714, #9724: Use the C++ al=
ignas keyword when compiling in C++. Fixes a bug with MSVC C++ 2015/2017. A=
dd a terminator to the caml_domain_state structure to better e=
nsure that members are correctly spaced. (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Da=
vid Allsopp and Xavier Leroy)
    • 










Manual and documentation




    

  • #8644: fix f=
ormatting comment about @raise in stdlib's mli files (=C3=89lie Brami, revi=
ew by David Allsopp)
    • 


  • #9712: Updat=
e the version format to allow "". The new format is "major.minor[.pat=
chlevel][(+|)additional-info]", for instance "4.12.0~beta1+flambda".=
 This is a documentation-only change for the 4.11 branch, the new format wi=
ll be used starting with the 4.12 branch. (Florian Angeletti, review by Dam=
ien Doligez and Xavier Leroy)
    • 

















letters - simple client abstractions =
for sending emails over SMTP





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/ann-letters-simple-client-abstractions-for-sending-emails-over-smtp/6071/=
1








Miko announced





Earlier today I've published the first release of letters. This
library aims to provide simple to use client library for sending emails ove=
r SMTP using lwt for async
execution.





It is build on top of mrmime and colombe. While these libraries are very capable, th=
ey aren't that
simple to use, letters is trying to fill t=
hat gap. Anyway, big thanks for the authors of these
projects for doing the heavy lifting.





As this library is still in its early stage, I believe I will break the API=
 with first few releases.
Luckily the API is quite simple so following these changes should be quite =
easy.





To make this library awesome, any feedback or feature request is welcome. I=
'll try to address them as
quickly as I can.





I hope I've managed to scratch someone else's itch too, enjoy.















A question about Ocaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-question-about-ocaml/6075/21








Deep in this theard, Yawar Amin said





A few ReasonML books:

















Alcotest 1.2.0





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-alcotest-1-2-0/6089/1








Craig Ferguson announced





I'm pleased to announce the release of Alcotest 1.2.0, now
available on Opam.





This release includes:



    

  • a new alcotest-mirage package for running tests on MirageO=
S;
    • 

  • full UTF-8 support;
    • 

  • default coloured output in Dune (without needing to pass --no-buf=
fer);
    • 

  • an improved output format.
    • 





The full changelog is available here.







3D"ac89cfe4dfee=







Thanks to our many contributors in this release cycle.















Set up OCaml 1.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-0/6093/1








Sora Morimoto announced





This release contains these changes:




    

  • The default opam repository can now be set via input.
    • 

  • Linux VMs now use opam 2.0.7.
    • 





https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.0











Sora Morimoto then added





In fact, this release was a long time ago, but I completely forgot to post =
this. By the way, we have
made significant improvements to some of the documentation. In particular, =
the action versioning
section is applicable to other GitHub Actions and definitely worth reading!
=
https://github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml#how-to-specify-the-version















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2020 16:42:16 +0200
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 14 to 21,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Dune-release: version 1.4.0 released
Using AF_XDP sockets for high-performance packet processing in OCaml
Ubase 0.03
clangml 4.2.0: OCaml bindings for Clang API (for C and C++ parsing)
Old CWN


Dune-release: version 1.4.0 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-release-version-1-4-0-released/6103/1]


Sonja Heinze announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This post is about [dune-release], a tool that helps users release
  their packages to Opam in a fast and organized manner. You can install
  it via `opam install dune-release'.

  On behalf of the dune-release team at Tarides, I'm happy to announce
  the new dune-release [1.4.0 release]. The release includes two new
  subcommands described below and a variety of bug fixes and user
  experience improvements. In particular, we've put some work into
  improving the error handling and reporting.

  One of the new subcommands is `dune-release config' , which inspects
  and edits dune-release's global configuration, such as git related,
  opam related and github related data. For example, if you insert a
  typo when being asked for your github id during your first release
  with dune-release, you can correct it comfortably with that new
  subcommand.

  The other new subcommand is `dune-release delegate-info', which helps
  users with an alternative release workflow to integrate dune-release
  into it: imagine you want to use dune-release only for a couple of
  things, such as tagging the distribution and creating the distribution
  tarball and the documentation.  In that case, now you can integrate
  the work done by dune-release into your individual release workflow by
  accessing the path to the created tarball etc via `dune-release
  delegate-info'. It forms part of the broader change in progress
  described in the following post:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/replacing-dune-release-delegates/4767]


[dune-release] https://github.com/ocamllabs/dune-release/#readme

[1.4.0 release]
https://github.com/ocamllabs/dune-release/releases/tag/1.4.0


Using AF_XDP sockets for high-performance packet processing in OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/using-af-xdp-sockets-for-high-performance-pa=
cket-processing-in-ocaml/6106/1]


suttonshire announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I just wanted to share a fun result from a project I've been hacking
  on.  [ocaml-xsk] is a binding to AF_XDP interface of libbpf.

  AF_XDP is an address family in Linux for high-performance packet
  processing. With an AF_XDP socket a packet bypasses most of the kernel
  networking stack and is passed directly to userspace program.
  Depending on the configuration packets can be passed from the NIC
  without any data copies on either Rx or Tx. If you're interested in
  this kind of stuff here are a couple very useful resources:

  =E2=80=A2 [https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/Documentation/ne=
tworking/af_xdp.rst]
  =E2=80=A2 [https://github.com/xdp-project/xdp-tutorial/tree/master/advanc=
ed03-AF_XDP]

  The cool part is that without installing large dependencies like DPDK
  you can get packets into your program basically as fast as your NIC
  can provide them! It turns out this is true even if your program is
  written in OCaml. Using ocaml-xsk I could receive or transmit 64 byte
  UDP packets at 14.8M packets per second. This is the limit for a
  10Gb/s NIC.

  I'm still trying to figure out the best interface for AF_XDP. There
  are several resources to manage, and simple receive and transmit
  operations actually require a few steps. But it's encouraging know
  OCaml doesn't get in the way of packet throughput.


[ocaml-xsk] https://github.com/suttonshire/ocaml-xsk


Ubase 0.03
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ubase-0-03/6115/1]


sanette announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I'm happy to announce the release of [ubase], a tiny library whose
  only purpose is to remove diacritics (accents, etc.) from utf8-encoded
  strings using the latin alphabet.

  It was created after the discussion:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/simplify-roman-utf8/4398].

  It's now available from `opam':

  `opam install ubase'

  This also installs an executable that you may use in a shell, for
  instance:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ ubase "et gr=C3=B8nt tr=C3=A6"
  =E2=94=82 et gront trae
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 $ ubase Anh xin l=E1=BB=97i c=C3=A1c em b=C3=A9 v=C3=AC =C4=91=
=C3=A3 =C4=91=E1=BB=81 t=E1=BA=B7ng cu=E1=BB=91n s=C3=A1ch n=C3=A0y cho m=
=E1=BB=99t =C3=B4ng ng=C6=B0=E1=BB=9Di l=E1=BB=9Bn.
  =E2=94=82 Anh xin loi cac em be vi da de tang cuon sach nay cho mot ong n=
guoi lon.
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  More info [here].


[ubase] https://github.com/sanette/ubase

[here] https://sanette.github.io/ubase/


clangml 4.2.0: OCaml bindings for Clang API (for C and C++ parsing)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  [https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-clangml-4-2-0-ocaml-bindings-for-clang-a=
pi-for-c-and-c-parsing/6123/1]


Thierry Martinez announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  We are happy to announce the new clangml 4.2.0 release.  Clangml
  provides bindings for all versions of Clang, from 3.4 to the not yet
  released 10.0.1.

  The library can be installed via opam: `opam install clangml' The
  documentation is online:
  [https://memcad.gitlabpages.inria.fr/clangml/]

  This new release improves C++ support, including C++20 specific
  constructs.

  All Clang C/C++ attributes should now be supported.  You may have a
  look to the interface of the new auto-generated module [`Attributes'].

  There is now a lazy version of the AST (`Clang.Lazy.Ast'): this is
  useful to explore large ASTs efficiently (note that Clang parsing
  itself can still be slow; the lazy part only concerns the conversion
  into the `Clang.Lazy.Ast' datatypes).


[`Attributes']
https://memcad.gitlabpages.inria.fr/clangml/doc/clangml/Clang__/Attributes/


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] mailto:alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org

[the archive] http://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/

[RSS feed of the archives] http://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss

[online] http://lists.idyll.org/listinfo/caml-news-weekly/

[Alan Schmitt] http://alan.petitepomme.net/


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 14 to 21, 2020.









Dune-release: version 1.4.0 released<=
/h2>




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-release-version-1-4-0-rel=
eased/6103/1








Sonja Heinze announced





This post is about dune-release, a tool that helps
users release their packages to Opam in a fast and organized manner. You ca=
n install it via opam
install dune-release.





On behalf of the dune-release team at Tarides, I'm happy to announce the ne=
w dune-release 1.4.0
release. The release includes two new
subcommands described below and a variety of bug fixes and user experience =
improvements. In particular,
we've put some work into improving the error handling and reporting.





One of the new subcommands is dune-release config , which insp=
ects and edits dune-release's global
configuration, such as git related, opam related and github related data. F=
or example, if you insert a
typo when being asked for your github id during your first release with dun=
e-release, you can correct
it comfortably with that new subcommand.





The other new subcommand is dune-release delegate-info, which =
helps users with an alternative release
workflow to integrate dune-release into it: imagine you want to use dune-re=
lease only for a couple of
things, such as tagging the distribution and creating the distribution tarb=
all and the documentation.
In that case, now you can integrate the work done by dune-release into your=
 individual release workflow
by accessing the path to the created tarball etc via dune-release del=
egate-info. It forms part of the
broader change in progress described in the following
post: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/replacing-dune-release-delegates/4767<=
/a>















Using AF_XDP sockets for high-perform=
ance packet processing in OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/using-af-xdp-sockets-for-high-performance-packet-processing-in-ocaml/610=
6/1








suttonshire announced





I just wanted to share a fun result from a project I've been hacking on.
ocaml-xsk is a  bi=
nding to AF_XDP interface of libbpf.





AF_XDP is an address family in Linux for high-performance packet processing=
. With an AF_XDP socket a
packet bypasses most of the kernel networking stack and is passed directly =
to userspace program.
Depending on the configuration packets can be passed from the NIC without a=
ny data copies on either Rx
or Tx. If you're interested in this kind of stuff here are a couple very us=
eful resources:







The cool part is that without installing large dependencies like DPDK you c=
an get packets into your
program basically as fast as your NIC can provide them! It turns out this i=
s true even if your program
is written in OCaml. Using ocaml-xsk I could receive or transmit 64 byte UD=
P packets at 14.8M packets
per second. This is the limit for a 10Gb/s NIC.





I'm still trying to figure out the best interface for AF_XDP. There are sev=
eral resources to manage,
and simple receive and transmit operations actually require a few steps. Bu=
t it's encouraging know
OCaml doesn't get in the way of packet throughput.















Ubase 0.03





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ubase-0-03/6115/1








sanette announced





I'm happy to announce the release of ubase, a tiny library whose
only purpose is to remove diacritics (accents, etc.) from utf8-encoded stri=
ngs using the latin
alphabet.





It was created after the discussion: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/simplify-roman-utf8/=
4398.





It's now available from opam:





opam install ubase





This also installs an executable that you may use in a shell, for instance:




$ ubase "et gr=C3=B8nt tr=C3=A6"
et gront trae

$ ubase Anh xin l=E1=BB=97i c=C3=A1c em b=C3=A9 v=C3=AC =C4=91=C3=A3 =C4=91=
=E1=BB=81 t=E1=BA=B7ng cu=E1=BB=91n s=C3=A1ch n=C3=A0y cho m=E1=BB=99t =C3=
=B4ng ng=C6=B0=E1=BB=9Di l=E1=BB=9Bn.
Anh xin loi cac em be vi da de tang cuon sach nay cho mot ong nguoi lon.





More info here.















clangml 4.2.0: OCaml bindings for Cla=
ng API (for C and C++ parsing)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/ann-clangml-4-2-0-ocaml-bindings-for-clang-api-for-c-and-c-parsing/6123/1<=
/a>








Thierry Martinez announced





We are happy to announce the new clangml 4.2.0 release.  Clangml provides b=
indings for all versions of
Clang, from 3.4 to the not yet released 10.0.1.





The library can be installed via opam: opam install clangml
The documentation is online: https://memcad.gitlabpages.inria.fr/clangml/





This new release improves C++ support, including C++20 specific constructs.





All Clang C/C++ attributes should now be supported.  You may have a look to=
 the interface of the new
auto-generated module
Attributes.





There is now a lazy version of the AST (Clang.Lazy.Ast): this =
is useful to explore large ASTs
efficiently (note that Clang parsing itself can still be slow; the lazy par=
t only concerns the
conversion into the Clang.Lazy.Ast datatypes).















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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Authentication-Results: mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr; spf=Pass smtp.pra=alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org; spf=Pass smtp.mailfrom=SRS0=sJ0C=BH=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org; spf=Pass smtp.helo=postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
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  envelope-from="SRS0=sJ0C=BH=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
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  x-sender="SRS0=sJ0C=BH=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
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  envelope-from="SRS0=sJ0C=BH=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1"
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	by ssl.polytechnique.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 49154564E5E;
	Tue, 28 Jul 2020 18:57:48 +0200 (CEST)
From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr, comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 28 Jul 2020 18:57:16 +0200
Message-ID: <87a6zj37df.fsf@m4x.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="=-=-="
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X-Org-Mail: alan.schmitt.1995@polytechnique.org
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 21 to 28, 2020.





As I will be away with no internet next week, the next CWN will be on Augus=
t 11.









Embedded ocaml templates





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/embedded-ocaml-templates/6124/1








Emile Trotignon announced





I am very happy to announce the release of ocaml-embedded-templates.





This is a tool similar to camlmix, but camlmix was not updated for 7 years,=
 and there is no easy way to
handle a lot of templates (my command takes a directory as an argument and =
generate an ocaml module by
going through the directory recursively)
I also choosed to use a syntax similar to EJS, and there is a ppx for inlin=
e EML.





You can check it out here : https://github.com/EmileTrotignon/embedded_ocaml_te=
mplates





Here is a more extensive exemple of what can be done with this :
https://githu=
b.com/EmileTrotignon/resume_of_ocaml (This project generate my resume/w=
ebsite in both
latex and html).





This is my first opam package : feedback is very much welcome.















Proposal: Another way to debug memory=
 leaks





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/proposal-another-way-to=
-debug-memory-leaks/6134/1








Jim Fehrle said





memprof helps you discover where memory was allocated, which i=
s certainly useful.  However, that may
not be enough information to isolate a leak.  Sometimes you'd like to know =
what variables refer to
excessive amounts of memory.





For this, you'd want to examine all the garbage collection roots and report=
 how much memory is used by
each.  This is useful information if you can map a GC root back to a source=
 file and variable.





I prototyped code to do that to help with Coq bug https://github.com/coq/coq/issues/12487.  It
localized several leaks enough across over 500 source files so that we coul=
d find and fix them.  But my
prototype code is a bit crude.  I'd like to clean it up and submit it as a =
PR.  Since this could be
done in various ways, I wanted to get some design/API feedback up front rat=
her than maybe doing some of
it twice.  Also I'd like to confident that such a PR would be accepted and =
merged in a reasonable
amount of time–otherwise why bother.





caml_do_roots
shows how to access the GC roots.  There are several types of roots:



    

  • global roots, corresponding to top-level variables in source files
    • 

  • dynamic global roots
    • 

  • stack and local roots
    • 

  • global C roots
    • 

  • finalized values
    • 

  • memprof
    • 

  • hook
    • 





API (in Gc):






val print_global_reachable : out_channel -> int -> unit







Prints a list to out_channel of the global roots that reach mo=
re than the specified number of words.
Each item shows the number of reachable words, the associated index of the =
root in the *glob for that
file and the name of the source file.





Something like this (but with only filenames rather than pathnames):




  102678 field  17 plugins/ltac/pltac.ml
  102730 field  18 plugins/ltac/pltac.ml
  164824 field  20 plugins/ltac/tacenv.ml
 1542857 field  26 plugins/ltac/tacenv.ml
35253743 field  65 stm/stm.ml
35201913 field   8 vernac/vernacstate.ml
 8991864 field  24 vernac/library.ml
  112035 field   8 vernac/egramml.ml
 6145454 field  84 vernac/declaremods.ml
 6435878 field  89 vernac/declaremods.ml





I would use ELF information in the binary file to map from *glob back to a filename.  For example,
the address symbol of the entry camlTest corresponds to =
test.ml.  This would only work for binary
executables compiled with the -g option.  It wouldn't work for=
 byte-compiled code.  It would print an
error message if it's not ELF or not -g.  Also, being a little=
 lazy, how essential is it to support
32-bit binaries?  (Q: What happens if you have 2 source files with the same=
 name though in different
directories?  Would the symbol table distinguish them?)






val get_field_index : Obj.t -> int







Returns the *glob index number for the top-level variable (pas=
sed as Obj.repr var).  I expect
there's no way to recover variable names from the *glob index.=
  In my experiments, it appeared that
the entries in *glob were in the same order as as the variable=
 and function declarations.  This would
let a developer do a binary search in the code to locate the variable which=
 it probably a necessity for
large, complex files such as Coq's stm.ml–3300 lines, 1=
0+ modules defined within the file.  (I
noticed that variables defined in modules defined within the source file we=
re not in *glob.  I expect
there is a root for the module as a whole and that those variables can be r=
eadily found within that
root.)





This would need an extended explanation in gc.mli.






val print_stack_reachable : out_channel -> int -> unit







Prints a backtrace to out_channel that also shows which roots =
for each frame reach more than the
specified number of words.  (I'd keep the "item numbers" since there's no w=
ay to translate them to
variables and they might give some clues.)




Called from file "tactics/redexpr.ml" (inlined), line 207, characters 29-40
 356758154 item    0 (stack)
Called from file "plugins/ltac/tacinterp.ml", line 752, characters 6-51
  17646719 item    0 (stack)
    119041 item    1 (stack)
Called from file "engine/logic_monad.ml", line 195, characters 38-43
    119130 item    0 (stack)
 373378237 item    1 (stack)





As it turns out, 90% of the memory in Coq issue mentioned above is reachabl=
e only from the stack.





I didn't consider the other types of roots yet, which I don't fully underst=
and, such as local roots.
Just covering global and stack roots seems like a good contribution.  Dynam=
ic global roots may be easy
to add if they are otherwise similar to global roots.  For the others I cou=
ld print the reachable
words, but I don't know how to direct the developer to look at the relevant=
 part of the code,
especially if it's in C code.  I suppose print_global_reachable and print_stack_reachable could be
a single routine as well.  That's probably better.





Let me know your thoughts.















Camlp5 (8.00~alpha01) and pa_ppx (0.0=
1)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-camlp5-8-00-alpha01-an=
d-pa-ppx-0-01/6144/1








Chet Murthy announced








Camlp5 (8.00~alpha01) and pa_ppx (=
0.01)





I'm pleased to announce the release of two related projects:




    

  1. Camlp5: version 8.00~a=
lpha01 is an alpha release of Camlp5, with full support for OCaml syntax up=
 to version 4.10.0, as well as minimal compatibility with version 4.11.0. I=
n particular there is full support for PPX attributes and extensions.
    2. 


  2. pa_ppx: version 0.=
01 is a re-implementation of a large number of PPX rewriters (e.g. ppx_deri=
ving (std (show, eq, map, etc), yojson, sexp, etc), ppx_import, ppx_assert,=
 others) on top of Camlp5, along with an infrastructure for developing new =
ones.
    3. 





This allows projects to combine the existing style of Camlp5 syntax
extension, with PPX rewriting, without having to jump thru hoops to
invoke camlp5 on some files, and PPX processors on others.





Camlp5 alone is not compatible with existing PPX rewriters: Camlp5
syntax-extensions (e.g. "stream parsers") would be rejected by the
OCaml parser, and PPX extensions/attributes are ignored by Camlp5
(again, without pa_ppx).  pa_ppx provides Camlp5-=
compatible
versions of many existing PPX rewriters, as well as new ones, so that
one can use Camlp5 syntax extensions as well as PPX rewriters.  In
addition, some of the re-implemented rewriters are more-powerful than
their original namesakes, and there are new ones that add interesting
functionality.










For democratizing macro-extension-authoring in OCaml<=
/h4>




TL;DR Writing OCaml PPX rewriters is hard work.  There is a
complicated infrastructure that is hard to explain, there are multiple
such incompatible infrastructures (maybe these are merging?) and it is
hard enough that most Ocaml programmers do not write macro-extensions
as a part of their projects.  I believe that using Camlp5 and pa_ppx
can make it easier to write macro-extensions, via:




    

  1. providing a simple way of thinking about adding your extension to the p=
arsing process.
    2. 


  2. providing transparent tools (e.g. quotations) for pattern-matching/cons=
tructing AST fragments
    3. 





Explained below in [Macro Extensions with Pa_ppx](#macro-extensions-with-pa=
_ppx).






    

  • The original arguments against Camlp4
    

    

    
The original argument against using Camlp4 as a basis for
macro-preprocessing in Ocaml, had several points (I can't find the
original document, but from memory):

    


      

    1. syntax-extension as the basis of macro-extension leads to brittl=
e syntax: multiple syntax extensions often do not combine well.
      2. 


    2. a different AST type than the Ocaml AST
      3. 


    3. a different parsing/pretty-printing infrastructure, which must be maint=
ained alongside of Ocaml's own parser/pretty-printer.
      4. 


    4. A new and complicated set of APIs are required to write syntax extensio=
ns.
      5. 

    


    
To this, I'll add

    


      

    1. Camlp4 was forked from Camlp5, things were changed, and hence, C=
amlp4 lost the contribution of its original author.  Hence, maintaining Cam=
lp4 was always labor that fell on the Ocaml team. [Maybe this doesn't matte=
r, but it counts for something.]
      2. 

    

    

    • 


  • Assessing the arguments, with some hindsight

    

      

    1. 
syntax-extension as the basis of macro-extension leads to brittle sy=
ntax: multiple syntax extensions often do not combine well.

      


      
In retrospect, this is quite valid: even if one prefers and enjoys
LL(1) grammars and parsing, when multiple authors write
grammar-extensions which are only combined by third-party projects,
the conditions are perfect for chaos, and of a sort that
project-authors simply shouldn't have to sort out.  And this chaos is
of a different form, than merely having two PPX rewriters use the same
attribute/extension-names (which is, arguably, easily detectable with
some straightforward predeclaration).

      2. 


    2. 
Camlp4/5 has a different AST type than the Ocaml AST

      


      
Over time, the PPX authors themselves have slowly started to conclude
that the current reliance on the Ocaml AST is fraught with problems.
The "Future of PPX" discussion thread talks about using something like
s-expressions, and more generally about a more-flexible AST type.

      3. 


    3. 
a different parsing/pretty-printing infrastructure, which must be maintaine=
d alongside of Ocaml's own parser/pretty-printer.

      


      
A different AST type necessarily means a different
parser/pretty-printer.  Of course, one could modify Ocaml's YACC
parser to produce Camlp5 ASTs, but this is a minor point.

      4. 


    4. 
A new and complicated set of APIs are required to write syntax extensions.

      


      
With time, it's clear that PPX has produced the same thing.

      5. 


    5. 
Maintaining Camlp4 was always labor that fell on the Ocaml team.

      


      
The same argument (that each change to the Ocaml AST requires work to
update Camlp5) can be made for PPX (specifically, this is the raison
d'etre of ocaml-migrate-parsetree).  Amusingly, one could imagine
using ocaml-migrate-parsetree as the basis for making Camlp5
OCaml-version-independent, too.  That is, the "backend" of Camlp5
could use ocaml-migrate-parsetree to produce ASTs for a version of
OCaml different from the one on which it was compiled.

      6. 

    

    

    • 








Arguments against the current API(s) of PPX rewriting=






The overall argument is that it's too complicated for most OCaml
programmers to write their own extensions; what we see instead of a
healthy ecosystem of many authors writing and helping-improve PPX
rewriters, is a small number of rewriters, mostly written by Jane
Street and perhaps one or two other shops.  There are a few big
reasons why this is the case (which correspond to the responses
above), but one that isn't mentioned is:




    

  1. When the "extra data" of a PPX extension or attribute is easily-express=
ed with the fixed syntax of PPX payloads, all is ~well~ ok, bu=
t certainly not in great shape.  Here's an example:
    2. 






type package_type =3D
[%import:=
 Parsetree.package_type
          [@with core_type    :=3D Parsetre=
e.core_type [@printer Pprintast.core_type];
                 Asttypes.loc :=3D Asttypes=
.loc [@polyprinter fun pp fmt x -> pp fmt x.Asttypes.txt];
                 Longident.t  :=3D Longiden=
t.t [@printer pp_longident]]]
[@@deriving show]







The expression-syntax of assignment is used to express type-expression
rewrites.  And this is necesarily limited, because we cannot (for
example) specify left-hand-sizes that are type-expressions with
variables.  It's a perversion of the syntax, when what we really want
to have is something that is precise: "map this type-expression to
that type-expression".





Now, with the new Ocaml 4.11.0 syntax, there's a (partial) solution:
use "raw-string-extensions" like {%foo|argle|}.  This is the s=
ame as
[%foo {|argle|}].  This relies on the PPX extension to parse t=
he
payload.  But there are problems:




    

  1. Of course, there's no equivalent {@foo|argle|} (and "@@", =
"@@@" of course) for attributes.
    2. 


  2. If the payload in that string doesn't itself correspond to some =
parseable Ocaml AST type, then again, we're stuck: we have to cobble togeth=
er a parser instead of being able to merely extend the parser of Ocaml to d=
eal with the case.
    3. 





Note well that I'm not saying that we should extend the parsing rules
of the Ocaml language.  Rather, that with an extensible parser
(hence, LL(1)) we can add new nonterminals, add rules that reference
existing nonterminals, and thereby get an exact syntax (e.g.) for the
ppx_import example above.  That new nonterminal is used onl=
y in
parsing the payload – nowhere else – so we haven't introduced
examples of objection #1 above.





And it's not even very hard.










Macro Extensions with Pa_ppx





The basic thesis of pa_ppx is "let's not throw the baby out wi=
th the
bathwater".  Camlp5 has a lot of very valuable infrastructure that can
be used to make writing macro-preprocessors much easier.  pa_ppx
adds a few more.




    

  1. Quotations for patterns and expressions over all important OCaml AST ty=
pes.
    2. 


  2. "extensible functions" to make the process of recursing down the AST tr=
ansparent, and the meaning of adding code to that process equally transpare=
nt.
    3. 


  3. pa_ppx introduces "passes" and allows each extension to re=
gister which other extensions it must follow, and which may follow it; then=
 pa_ppx topologically sorts them, so there's no need for proje=
ct-authors to figure out how to order their PPX extension invocations.
    4. 





As an example of a PPX rewriter based on pa_ppx, here's
pa_ppx.here
from the pa_ppx tutorial.  In that example, you'll see that Ca=
mlp5
infrastructure is used to make things easy:




    

  1. quotations are used to both build the output AST fragment, and to patte=
rn-match on inputs.
    2. 


  2. the "extensible functions" are used to add our little bit of rewriter t=
o the top-down recursion.
    3. 


  3. and we declare our rewriter to the infrastructure (we don't specify wha=
t passes it must come before or after, since pa_ppx.here is so=
 simple).
    4. 










Conclusion





I'm not trying to convince you to switch away from PPX to Camlp5.
Perhaps, I'm not even merely arguing that you should use pa_ppx and
author new macro-extensions on it.  But I am arguing that the featur=
es of




    

  1. quotations, with antiquotations in as many places as possible, and henc=
e, in places where Ocaml identifiers are not permitted.
    2. 


  2. facilities like "extensible functions", with syntax support for them


  3. a new AST type, that is suitable for macro-preprocessing, but isn't mer=
ely "s-expressions" (after all, there's a reason we all use strongly-typed =
languages)
    4. 


  4. an extensible parser for the Ocaml language, usable in PPX attribute/ex=
tension payloads
    5. 





are important and valuable, and a PPX rewriter infrastructure that
makes it possible for the masses to write their own macro-extensions,
is going to incorporate these things.

















OCaml 4.11.0, third (and last?) beta =
release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-0-third-and-la=
st-beta-release/6149/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.11.0 is near.
As one step further in this direction, we have published a third
and potentially last beta release.





This new release fixes an infrequent best-fit allocator bug and an issue
with floating-point software emulation in the ARM EABI port.
On the ecosystem side, merlin is now available for this new version of OCam=
l.
The compatibility of the opam ecosystem with OCaml 4.11.0 is currently
good, and it should be possible to test this beta without too much trouble.





The source code is available at these addresses:





http=
s://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.11.0+beta3.tar.gz 

https://caml.inria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.11/ocaml-4.11.0+beta3.tar=
.gz





The compiler can also be installed as an OPAM switch with one of the
following commands:





opam update
opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta3 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/oca=
ml-beta-repository.git






or





opam update
opam switch create ocaml-variants.4.11.0+beta3+VARIANT --repositories=3Ddef=
ault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/o=
caml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where you replace VARIANT with one of these: afl, flambda, fp, fp+flambda





We would love to hear about any bugs. Please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues





Compared to the previous beta release, the exhaustive list of changes
is as follows:








Runtime:




    

  • #9736, #9749: Compaction mus=
t start in a heap where all free blocks are blue, which was not the case wi=
th the best-fit allocator. (Damien Doligez, report and review by Leo White)=

    • 


  • + [*new bug fixes*] #9316, #9443=
, #9463, #9782: Use typing i=
nformation from Clambda or mutable Cmm variables. (Stephen Dolan, review by=
 Vincent Laviron, Guillaume Bury, Xavier Leroy, and Gabriel Scherer; tempor=
ary bug report by Richard Jones)
    • 










Manual and documentation:




    

  • #9541: Add a=
 documentation page for the instrumented runtime; additional changes to opt=
ion names in the instrumented runtime. (Enguerrand Decorne, review by Anil =
Madhavapeddy, Gabriel Scherer, Daniel B=C3=BCnzli, David Allsopp, Florian A=
ngeletti, and S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer)
    • 





Entries marked with "+" were already present in previous alphas, but
they have been complemented by new bug fixes.





If you are interested by the list of new features, and the nearly final list
of bug fixes the updated change log for OCaml 4.11.0 is available at:





https://github=
.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/4.11/Changes

















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 11 to 18,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Ppx: omp 2.0.0 and next steps
Old CWN


Ppx: omp 2.0.0 and next steps
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  quick summary:
  =E2=80=A2 ocaml-migrate-parsetree 2.0.0 release
  =E2=80=A2 you should add a upper bound in your dev repos
  =E2=80=A2 ppxlib compatible version coming soon
  =E2=80=A2 ppxlib is now the official ppx library supported by the OCaml
    platform

  Hi everyone,

  As [previously announced], we are [releasing the version 2.0.0 of
  ocaml-migrate-parsetree]. At the moment nothing is compatible with the
  new version and we will soon release a version of ppxlib that is
  compatible with it. If your project depends on
  ocaml-migrate-parsetree, you should add a upper bound to your
  development repository.

  If you plan to use ocaml-migrate-parsetree 2.0.0 directly, please note
  however that this is a transitory package. The technology implemented
  by ocaml-migrate-parsetree will live on and hopefully find a new home
  in the compiler repository proper. However, ocaml-migrate-parsetree as
  a standalone project will eventually stop being maintained.

  I am also taking the opportunity to announce that *ppxlib is the first
  ppx library officially supported by the OCaml platform*, and the one
  we recommend all ppx authors to use. It is the library that we plan to
  maintain for the long term.

  Other libraries such as `ppx_tools' or `ppx_tools_versioned' may
  continue to be maintained by open source contributors, however they
  will not be maintained by the OCaml platform and will not receive
  updates from the platform when new compilers are released. Only ppxlib
  will receive updates from the platform.

  If you would like to port your project to use ppxlib and are
  experiencing difficulties or have any question, please get in touch by
  replying to this post or opening a ticket on
  .

  The overall plan described in this post is the result of various
  discussions and/or collaborative effort between the following people:
  @avsm, @ceastlund, @Drup, @gasche, @jeremiedimino, @kit-ty-kate,
  @let-def, @NathanReb and @pitag.


[previously announced]


[releasing the version 2.0.0 of ocaml-migrate-parsetree]


Next steps
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As soon as the new version of ppxlib is released, we will work towards
  our next milestone. As a reminder, our current goal is to setup a ppx
  ecosystem that is continously compatible with the trunk of OCaml. To
  achieve that goal, we plan to add a stable API called "Astlib" on top
  of the compiler libraries. To keep things sustainable on the compiler
  side and increase flexibility, Astlib will be minimal and will be
  targeted at ppxlib only rather than be a general API aimed at ppx
  authors.

  The difficulty of this API is that it must expose a stable interface
  to the OCaml AST, which is composed of a large collection of data
  types. To make it work, we plan to use the technology developed in
  ocaml-migrate-parsetree; i.e. whole AST migration functions.

  While we eventually want Astlib to live in the compiler repository, we
  will initially develop it inside the ppxlib repository. Once it is
  ready, we will submit it for inclusion in the compiler. Although, we
  will keep a copy inside ppxlib for older versions of the compiler.

  We also plan to setup a smooth workflow for compiler developers to
  update Astlib when they change the development AST.

  Once this is all done, we will be in a situation where the ppx
  ecosystem is compatible with the trunk of OCaml at all time. And as a
  result, new releases of the compiler will no longer break ppx packages
  as long as they limit themselves to the ppxlib API.


Future
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  While this work will make the ecosystem compatible with the trunk of
  OCaml at all times, it will essentially move the backward
  compatibility issue from the compiler to ppxlib.[1] This will already
  give us a lot more flexibility as for instance a single version of
  ppxlib can be compatible with a wide range of OCaml versions. However,
  we recognise that it is not usual to ask a community to rely on an
  unstable API.

  We made this choice as a trade-off between sustainability and
  complexity. Indeed, we want to maintain Astlib and Ppxlib over the
  long term and the best way to make things sustainable is to use simple
  and clear designs. While we do have solutions in our sleeves that
  would provide a fully stable ppx API, these are much more complicated
  to maintain and work with.

  To mitigate this, we are setting up a Dune based workflow to upgrade
  all ppx rewriters at once. So once the system is rolling and if your
  ppx rewriters are up to date and using Dune, you should expect to
  receive pull requests as we update ppxlib. This last part will take
  some time to be fully rolling, so please bear with us :)

  In any case, about a year after this new world is fully setup, we will
  review the situation and decide whether it is sustainable or whether
  we need to go all the way and mint a fully stable ppx API.


Timeline
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 today: ocaml-migrate-parsetree 2.0.0 is being released

  =E2=80=A2 next week: a ppxlib compatible version is released

  =E2=80=A2 December 2020: astlib is ready inside the ppxlib repository

  =E2=80=A2 next OCaml release after that: astlib lives in the compiler

  =E2=80=A2 September 2021: we review the situation and decide what to do n=
ext

  [1]: At any given time the API of ppxlib refer to a single version of
  the OCaml AST. In order to allow OCaml users to enjoy both ppx
  rewriters and new language features, the version of the AST selected
  by ppxlib needs to be bumped after each release of the compiler, which
  is a breaking change that has the potential to break several ppx
  packages.  As a result, ppx packages will still need to be regularly
  updated in order to stay compatible with the latest version of ppxlib.


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 11 to 18, 2020.









Ppx: omp 2.0.0 and next steps





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppx-omp-2-0-0-and-next-steps/6231/1








J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino announced





quick summary:



    

  • ocaml-migrate-parsetree 2.0.0 release
    • 

  • you should add a upper bound in your dev repos
    • 

  • ppxlib compatible version coming soon
    • 

  • ppxlib is now the official ppx library supported by the OCaml platform<=
/li>





Hi everyone,





As previously announced, we are releasing the version 2.0.0 of
ocaml-migrate-parsetree. At the moment nothing is compatible with the n=
ew version and we will
soon release a version of ppxlib that is compatible with it. If your projec=
t depends on
ocaml-migrate-parsetree, you should add a upper bound to your development r=
epository.





If you plan to use ocaml-migrate-parsetree 2.0.0 directly, please note howe=
ver that this is a
transitory package. The technology implemented by ocaml-migrate-parsetree w=
ill live on and hopefully
find a new home in the compiler repository proper. However, ocaml-migrate-p=
arsetree as a standalone
project will eventually stop being maintained.





I am also taking the opportunity to announce that ppxlib is the first pp=
x library officially
supported by the OCaml platform, and the one we recommend all ppx autho=
rs to use. It is the library
that we plan to maintain for the long term.





Other libraries such as ppx_tools or ppx_tools_versioned=
 may continue to be maintained by open
source contributors, however they will not be maintained by the OCaml platf=
orm and will not receive
updates from the platform when new compilers are released. Only ppxlib will=
 receive updates from the
platform.





If you would like to port your project to use ppxlib and are experiencing d=
ifficulties or have any
question, please get in touch by replying to this post or opening a ticket =
on
https://github.com/ocaml-pp=
x/ppxlib.





The overall plan described in this post is the result of various discussion=
s and/or collaborative
effort between the following people: @avsm, @ceastlund, @Drup, @gasche, @je=
remiedimino, @kit-ty-kate,
@let-def, @NathanReb and @pitag.








Next steps





As soon as the new version of ppxlib is released, we will work towards our =
next milestone. As a
reminder, our current goal is to setup a ppx ecosystem that is continously =
compatible with the trunk of
OCaml. To achieve that goal, we plan to add a stable API called "Astlib" on=
 top of the compiler
libraries. To keep things sustainable on the compiler side and increase fle=
xibility, Astlib will be
minimal and will be targeted at ppxlib only rather than be a general API ai=
med at ppx authors.





The difficulty of this API is that it must expose a stable interface to the=
 OCaml AST, which is
composed of a large collection of data types. To make it work, we plan to u=
se the technology developed
in ocaml-migrate-parsetree; i.e. whole AST migration functions.





While we eventually want Astlib to live in the compiler repository, we will=
 initially develop it inside
the ppxlib repository. Once it is ready, we will submit it for inclusion in=
 the compiler. Although, we
will keep a copy inside ppxlib for older versions of the compiler.





We also plan to setup a smooth workflow for compiler developers to update A=
stlib when they change the
development AST.





Once this is all done, we will be in a situation where the ppx ecosystem is=
 compatible with the trunk
of OCaml at all time. And as a result, new releases of the compiler will no=
 longer break ppx packages
as long as they limit themselves to the ppxlib API.










Future





While this work will make the ecosystem compatible with the trunk of OCaml =
at all times, it will
essentially move the backward compatibility issue from the compiler to ppxl=
ib.[1] This will already
give us a lot more flexibility as for instance a single version of ppxlib c=
an be compatible with a wide
range of OCaml versions. However, we recognise that it is not usual to ask =
a community to rely on an
unstable API.





We made this choice as a trade-off between sustainability and complexity. I=
ndeed, we want to maintain
Astlib and Ppxlib over the long term and the best way to make things sustai=
nable is to use simple and
clear designs. While we do have solutions in our sleeves that would provide=
 a fully stable ppx API,
these are much more complicated to maintain and work with.





To mitigate this, we are setting up a Dune based workflow to upgrade all pp=
x rewriters at once. So once
the system is rolling and if your ppx rewriters are up to date and using Du=
ne, you should expect to
receive pull requests as we update ppxlib. This last part will take some ti=
me to be fully rolling, so
please bear with us :)





In any case, about a year after this new world is fully setup, we will revi=
ew the situation and decide
whether it is sustainable or whether we need to go all the way and mint a f=
ully stable ppx API.










Timeline




    

  • today: ocaml-migrate-parsetree 2.0.0 is being released
    • 


  • next week: a ppxlib compatible version is released
    • 


  • December 2020: astlib is ready inside the ppxlib repository
    • 


  • next OCaml release after that: astlib lives in the compiler
    • 


  • September 2021: we review the situation and decide what to do next
    • 





[1]: At any given time the API of ppxlib refer to a single version of the O=
Caml AST. In order to allow
OCaml users to enjoy both ppx rewriters and new language features, the vers=
ion of the AST selected by
ppxlib needs to be bumped after each release of the compiler, which is a br=
eaking change that has the
potential to break several ppx packages.  As a result, ppx packages will st=
ill need to be regularly
updated in order to stay compatible with the latest version of ppxlib.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
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Date: Tue, 01 Sep 2020 09:55:51 +0200
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--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 25 to
September 01, 2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Writing bindings for Google Apps Script (GAS)
What the Jane Street interns have wrought
a small library for shell/AWK/Perl-like scripting
letters 0.2.0
raylib-ocaml 0.1.0
OCaml Workshop 2020 Online Conference is live now
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Writing bindings for Google Apps Script (GAS)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Danielo Rodr=C3=ADguez announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks to the help of this community I successfully completed a crazy
  idea: To write some ocaml functions to use inside [Google Apps Script]
  for a small stupid spreadsheet that I had.

  The way it works now is by having a main index.js file that calls the
  Ocaml functions that are available under a global Lib
  namespace. Everything is bundled using parcel and the Idea was to use
  as few JS code as possible. Because it was easier than I expected I
  decided to go one step further and write some bindings for the GAS
  functions I was using and reduce the glue JS code even more.

  This are the bindings that I wrote so far. They work, but are not
  usable inside Ocaml yet.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type spreadsheet
  =E2=94=82 type sheet
  =E2=94=82 type range
  =E2=94=82 external getActiveSpreadsheet : unit -> spreadsheet =3D "getAct=
iveSpreadsheet" [@@bs.val][@@bs.scope
  =E2=94=82 "SpreadsheetApp"]
  =E2=94=82 external getSheets : spreadsheet -> sheet array =3D "getSheets"=
 [@@bs.send]
  =E2=94=82 external getSheetByName : spreadsheet -> string -> sheet =3D "g=
etSheetByName" [@@bs.send]
  =E2=94=82 external getDataRange : sheet -> range =3D "getDataRange"  [@@b=
s.send]
  =E2=94=82 external getValues : range -> 'a array array =3D "getValues"  [=
@@bs.send]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  My doubt are on the edges. When it is just obscure GAS stuff I have no
  doubt, abstract types and functions to interact with them. Is when a
  GAS function returns data where I have doubts. Usually they are just
  arrays of arrays of Numbers or Strings. In the example above, the last
  definition says that you will get an array of arrays of `'a', but that
  is not true because it will be an array of "stuff" (strings, numbers,
  floats).  How should I type it in a way that it's flexible but not
  cumbersome? For example, I don't think using a functor will help
  because you will need to create a functor for every possible return
  type, in my case if you have 3 sheets with 3 different shapes, you
  will need 3 functors.  An alternative that I have used was to provide
  some helper functions to convert from JS to Ocaml types and then
  unwrap the Ocaml types, like the example I'm doing with
  Number_or_string.  This is nothing serious and I will just add the
  bindings that I may need for now, but I want to hear what the
  community (and potential users) thinks.

  If anyone is interested in taking a look on the project, it is here:
  


[Google Apps Script] 


Matthieu Dubuget said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Not answering directly to your question, sorry.

  But here is a binding I have been using for around 4 years:
  .


Hongbo Zhang also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For return type polymorphism, you can use GADT with bs.ignore, the
  rough idea:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type 'a t =3D  Int : int t | String : string t
  =E2=94=82 external f : ('a t [@bs.ignore]) -> ... -> 'a =3D "xx"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  I read discuss.ocaml.org from time to time, but checks
   daily where you can get a quick
  answer


What the Jane Street interns have wrought
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yaron Minsky announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I thought folks here might find this interesting:

  

  The post summarizes three of the intern projects that happened this
  summer at Jane Street. It might be interesting if you're looking for
  an internship (or know someone who is), or if you're interested in any
  of the underlying tech. For example, if there's significant interest
  in a library for writing OCaml, we'd be more likely to open-source it.


a small library for shell/AWK/Perl-like scripting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Oleg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Some time ago Chet Murthy asked about writing shell-like scripts in
  OCaml. Prompted by it, I also want to report on my experience and
  announce a small library that made it pleasant to do
  shell/AWK/Perl-like scripting in OCaml.

  The library is available at
          
  and consists of two small ML files, myawk.ml and strings.ml. The
  latter collects general-purpose string operations, more convenient
  than those in Stdlib.String. The rest of that web directory contains
  half a dozen sample scripts with comments.

  Here is the first example: a typical AWK script, but written in OCaml:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 #!/bin/env -S ocaml
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 #load "myawk.cma"
  =E2=94=82 open Myawk open Strings
  =E2=94=82 let hash =3D string_of_int <|> Hashtbl.hash
  =E2=94=82 ;;
  =E2=94=82 (* Sanitize the files originally used by join1.ml and join2.ml
  =E2=94=82    The files are made of space-separated fields; the first fiel=
d is the
  =E2=94=82    key. It is sensitive; but because it is a key it can't be re=
placed with
  =E2=94=82    meaningless garbage. We obfuscate it beyond recognition. The=
 third field
  =E2=94=82    is obfuscated as well. The second and fourth can be left as =
they are,
  =E2=94=82    and the fifth, if present, is replaced with XXX
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82    The script is a proper filter: reads from stdin, writes to s=
tdout
  =E2=94=82  *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 for_each_line @@ map words @@ function (f1::f2::f3::f4::rest) ->
  =E2=94=82   print [hash f1; f2; hash f3; f4; if rest =3D [] then "" else =
"XXX"]
  =E2=94=82 ;;
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here <|> is a function composition. I wish it were in Stdlib. The real
  example, used in real life, was performing a database join

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 SELECT T2.* from Table1 as T1, Table2 as T2 where T1.f1 =3D T2.=
f1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where Table1 and Table2 are text files with space-separated column
  values. Table1 is supposed to be fed to stdin:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   for_each_line @@ map words @@
  =E2=94=82   map_option (function (x::_) -> Some x | _ -> None) @@
  =E2=94=82   (ignore <|> shell "grep %s table1.txt")
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is a typical rough-and-dirty script. Alas, it was too rough: I was
  so excited that it typechecked and worked the first time, that I
  didn't look carefully at the output and overlooked what I was looking
  for (resulting in an unneeded hassle and apology). I should have
  queried exactly for what I wanted:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 SELECT T1.f1, T1.f4 FROM Table1 as T1, Table2 as T2
  =E2=94=82 WHERE T1.f1 =3D T2.f1 AND T1.f3 <> "3"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  which is actually easy to write in myawk (probably not so in AWK
  though)

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   for_each_line ~fname:"table2.txt" @@ map words @@
  =E2=94=82   map_option (function (w::_) -> Some w | _ -> None) @@
  =E2=94=82   fun w ->
  =E2=94=82     for_each_line ~fname:"table1.txt" @@  map words @@
  =E2=94=82     map_option (function
  =E2=94=82      (x::f2::f3::f4::_) when x =3D w && f4 <> "3" -> Some [x;f4=
] | _ -> None) @@
  =E2=94=82     print
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is the classical nested loop join. Chet Murthy might be pleased
  to see the extensive use of the continuation-passing style. I was
  apprehensive at first, but it turned out not to be a hassle.

  The library has a few other examples, including case-branching and
  rewriting a real AWK script from the OCaml distribution.

  Finally, let's compare with shell scripts. The example below doesn't
  show off the library, but it does show the benefits of OCaml for
  scripting. The original shell script is a sample GIT commit hook,
  quoted in the comments:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (*
  =E2=94=82 From GIT's sample hooks:
  =E2=94=82   ANY-GIT-REPO/.git/hooks/commit-msg.sample
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   # Called by "git commit" with one argument, the name of the f=
ile
  =E2=94=82   # that has the commit message.  The hook should exit with non=
-zero
  =E2=94=82   # status after issuing an appropriate message if it wants to =
stop the
  =E2=94=82   # commit.  The hook is allowed to edit the commit message fil=
e.
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   # This example catches duplicate Signed-off-by lines.
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 test "" =3D "$(grep '^Signed-off-by: ' "$1" |
  =E2=94=82 	 sort | uniq -c | sed -e '/^[ 	]*1[ 	]/d')" || {
  =E2=94=82 	echo >&2 Duplicate Signed-off-by lines.
  =E2=94=82 	exit 1
  =E2=94=82 }
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 *)
  =E2=94=82 module H =3D Hashtbl
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let commit_msg =3D Sys.argv.(1)
  =E2=94=82 let ht =3D H.create 5
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   for_each_line ~fname:commit_msg @@ fun l ->
  =E2=94=82   if is_prefix "Signed-off-by: " l <> None then begin
  =E2=94=82     if H.find_opt ht l <> None then begin
  =E2=94=82       prerr_endline "Duplicate Signed-off-by lines.";
  =E2=94=82       exit 1
  =E2=94=82     end else
  =E2=94=82       H.add ht l ()
  =E2=94=82   end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Although the OCaml script seems to have more characters, one doesn't
  need to type them all. Scripts like that are meant to be entered in an
  editor; even ancient editors have completion facilities.

  Looking at the original shell script brings despair, and drives me
  right towards Unix Haters. Not only the script is algorithmically
  ugly: if a duplicate signed-off line occurs near the beginning, we can
  report it right away and stop. We don't need to read the rest of the
  commit message, filter it, sort it, precisely count all duplicates and
  filter again. Not only the script gratuitously wastes system resources
  (read: the laptop battery) by launching many processes and allocating
  communication buffers. Mainly, the script isn't good at its primary
  purpose: it isn't easy to write and read. Pipeline composition of
  small stream processors is generally a good thing =E2=80=93 but not when =
each
  stream processor is written in its own idiosyncratic
  language. Incidentally, I have doubts about the script: I think that
  quotes around $1 are meant to be embedded; but why they are not
  escaped then? Probably it is some edge case of bash, out of several
  0thousands.

  In contrast, OCaml script does exactly what is required, with no extra
  work. Everything is written in only one language.


letters 0.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Miko announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Getting this release done took a bit longer than expected due to some
  real life factors, but finally here it is.

  This one mainly focuses on the most requested features and
  improvements like simplifying configuration around CA certificates,
  provides some basic documentation and additionally adds support for
  `multipart/alternative' emails with combined HTML and plain text
  content.


jerben then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Link to Github: 


raylib-ocaml 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Tobias Mock announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'd like to announce the first version of [raylib-ocaml], a binding to
  the awesome [raylib] game development library. The release can be
  found on opam as ["raylib"].

  The bindings are nearly complete, as far as functions and types go,
  but only a subset was tested so far. I will work on bringing more of
  the numerous examples of the C version to OCaml in the future.

  Currently, raylib-ocaml only works on Linux, but I plan to support
  Windows (and possibly other targets) in the future.

  Feel free to give it a spin and please report any issues you run into.


[raylib-ocaml] 

[raylib] 

["raylib"] 


OCaml Workshop 2020 Online Conference is live now
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, Didier Wenzek announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [OCaml 2020 All Videos]


[OCaml 2020 All Videos]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [BuckleScript Good and Bad News]
  =E2=80=A2 [What the interns have wrought, 2020 edition]
  =E2=80=A2 [Coq 8.12.0 is out]


[OCaml Planet] 

[BuckleScript Good and Bad News]


[What the interns have wrought, 2020 edition]


[Coq 8.12.0 is out] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 25 to Septembe=
r 01, 2020.









Writing bindings for Google Apps Script (GAS)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/writing-bindings-for-g=
oogle-apps-script-gas/6293/1








Danielo Rodr=C3=ADguez announced





Thanks to the help of this community I successfully completed a crazy idea:=
 To write some ocaml
functions to use inside Google Apps Script for a small
stupid spreadsheet that I had.





The way it works now is by having a main index.js file that calls the Ocaml=
 functions that are
available under a global Lib namespace. Everything is bundled using parcel =
and the Idea was to use as
few JS code as possible. Because it was easier than I expected I decided to=
 go one step further and
write some bindings for the GAS functions I was using and reduce the glue J=
S code even more.





This are the bindings that I wrote so far. They work, but are not usable in=
side Ocaml yet.






type spreadsheet
type sheet
type range
external getActiveSpreadsheet : unit -> spreadshee=
t =3D "getActiveSpreadsheet" [@@bs.val][@@bs.scope
"SpreadsheetApp"]
external getSheets : spreadsheet -> sheet array =
=3D "getSheets" [@@bs.send]
external getSheetByName : spreadsheet -> string -&=
gt; sheet =3D "getSheetByName" [@@bs.send]
external getDataRange : sheet -> range =3D "getDataRange"  [@@bs.send]
external getValues : range -> 'a array array =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #8b2252;">"getValues"  [@@bs.send]







My doubt are on the edges. When it is just obscure GAS stuff I have no doub=
t, abstract types and
functions to interact with them. Is when a GAS function returns data where =
I have doubts. Usually they
are just arrays of arrays of Numbers or Strings. In the example above, the =
last definition says that
you will get an array of arrays of 'a, but that is not true be=
cause it will be an array of "stuff"
(strings, numbers, floats).
How should I type it in a way that it's flexible but not cumbersome? For ex=
ample, I don't think using a
functor will help because you will need to create a functor for every possi=
ble return type, in my case
if you have 3 sheets with 3 different shapes, you will need 3 functors.
An alternative that I have used was to provide some helper functions to con=
vert from JS to Ocaml types
and then unwrap the Ocaml types, like the example I'm doing with Number_or_=
string.
This is nothing serious and I will just add the bindings that I may need fo=
r now, but I want to hear
what the community (and potential users) thinks.





If anyone is interested in taking a look on the project, it is here:
htt=
ps://github.com/danielo515/ElectronicProjectsSpreadsheet











Matthieu Dubuget said





Not answering directly to your question, sorry.





But here is a binding I have been using for around 4 years:
https://=
dubuget.fr/gitea/matthieu/ocaml-google-app.git.











Hongbo Zhang also replied





For return type polymorphism, you can use GADT with bs.ignore, the rough id=
ea:






type 'a t =3D  Int : int t | String : stri=
ng t
external f : ('a t [@=
bs.ignore]) -> ... -> 'a =3D "=
xx"






I read discuss.ocaml.org from time to time, but checks https://forum.rescript-lang.org/ daily where y=
ou
can get a quick answer















What the Jane Street interns have wrought





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/what-the-jane-street-int=
erns-have-wrought/6294/1








Yaron Minsky announced





I thought folks here might find this interesting:





https://blog.janestreet.com/what-the-interns-have-wrought-2020/





The post summarizes three of the intern projects that happened this summer =
at Jane Street. It might be
interesting if you're looking for an internship (or know someone who is), o=
r if you're interested in
any of the underlying tech. For example, if there's significant interest in=
 a library for writing
OCaml, we'd be more likely to open-source it.















a small library for shell/AWK/Perl-like scripting





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2020-08/msg00021.html=









Oleg announced





Some time ago Chet Murthy asked about writing shell-like scripts in
OCaml. Prompted by it, I also want to report on my experience and
announce a small library that made it pleasant to do
shell/AWK/Perl-like scripting in OCaml.





The library is available at

        http://okmij.o=
rg/ftp/ML/myawk/0README.dr

and consists of two small ML files, myawk.ml and strings.ml. The
latter collects general-purpose string operations, more convenient
than those in Stdlib.String. The rest of that web directory contains
half a dozen sample scripts with comments.





Here is the first example: a typical AWK script, but written in OCaml:






#!/bin/=
env -S oc=
aml

#load 
open Myawk open Strings
let hash =3D string_of_int <|> Hashtbl.hash
;;
(* S=
anitize the files originally used by join1.ml and join2.ml
   The files are made of space-separated fi=
elds; the first field is the
   key. It is sensitive; but because it is =
a key it can't be replaced with
   meaningless garbage. We obfuscate it bey=
ond recognition. The third field
   is obfuscated as well. The second and fo=
urth can be left as they are,
   and the fifth, if present, is replaced w=
ith XXX

   The script is a proper filter: reads fro=
m stdin, writes to stdout
 *)<=
/span>

for_each_line @@ map words @@ function (f1::f2::f3<=
span style=3D"color: #000000; background-color: #ffffff;">::f4::rest) ->
  print [hash f1; f2; hash f3; f4; if rest =3D [] then "" else "XXX"]
;;







Here <|> is a function composition. I wish it were in Stdlib. The real
example, used in real life, was performing a database join




SELECT T2.* from Table1 as T1, Table2 as T2 where T1.f1 =3D T2.f1





where Table1 and Table2 are text files with space-separated column
values. Table1 is supposed to be fed to stdin:






let () =3D
  for_each_line @@ map words @@
  map_option (function (x::_) -> =
Some x | =
_ -> None) @@
  (ignore <|> shell "grep %s table=
1.txt")







It is a typical rough-and-dirty script. Alas, it was too rough: I was
so excited that it typechecked and worked the first time, that I didn't
look carefully at the output and overlooked what I was looking for
(resulting in an unneeded hassle and apology). I should have queried exactly
for what I wanted:



SELECT T1.f1, T1.f4 FROM Table1 as T1, Table2 as T2
WHERE T1.f1 =3D T2.f1 AND T1.f3 <> "3"





which is actually easy to write in myawk (probably not so in AWK though)






let () =3D
  for_each_line ~fname:"table2.txt" @@=
 map words @@
  map_option (function (w::_) -> =
Some w | =
_ -> None) @@
  fun ~fname:"table1.txt" @@=
  map words @@
    map_option (function
     (x::=
f2::f3::f4::_) when x =3D w && f4 <> "3" -> Some [x;f4] | _ -> None) @@
    print







This is the classical nested loop join. Chet Murthy might be pleased to see
the extensive use of the continuation-passing style. I was
apprehensive at first, but it turned out not to be a hassle.





The library has a few other examples, including case-branching and
rewriting a real AWK script from the OCaml distribution.





Finally, let's compare with shell scripts. The example below doesn't
show off the library, but it does show the benefits of OCaml
for scripting. The original shell script is a sample GIT commit hook,
quoted in the comments:






(*
From GIT's sample hooks:
  ANY-GIT-REPO/.git/hooks/commit-msg.sample=


  # Called by "git commit" with one argumen=
t, the name of the file
  # that has the commit message.  The hook =
should exit with non-zero
  # status after issuing an appropriate mes=
sage if it wants to stop the
  # commit.  The hook is allowed to edit th=
e commit message file.

  # This example catches duplicate Signed-o=
ff-by lines.

test "" =3D "$(grep '^Signed-off-by: ' "$1"=
 |
         sort | uniq -c | sed -e '/^[   ]*1=
[    ]/d')" || {
        echo >&2 Duplicate Signed-of=
f-by lines.
        exit 1
}

*)
module H =3D Hashtbl<=
/span>

let commit_msg =3D =
Sys.argv.(1)
let ht =3D H.create 5
let () =3D
  for_each_line ~fname:commit_msg @@ fun=
 l ->
  if is_prefix "Signed-off-by: " l <> None =
then begin
    if H.find_opt ht l <> None then =
begin
      prerr_endline "Duplicate Signed-off-b=
y lines.";
      exit 1
    end else
      H.add ht l ()
  end







Although the OCaml script seems to have more characters, one doesn't
need to type them all. Scripts like that are meant to be entered in an
editor; even ancient editors have completion facilities.





Looking at the original shell script brings despair, and drives me
right towards Unix Haters. Not only the script is algorithmically
ugly: if a duplicate signed-off line occurs near the beginning, we can
report it right away and stop. We don't need to read the rest of the
commit message, filter it, sort it, precisely count all duplicates and
filter again. Not only the script gratuitously wastes system
resources (read: the laptop battery) by launching many processes and
allocating communication buffers. Mainly, the script isn't good at its
primary purpose: it isn't easy to write and read. Pipeline composition
of small stream processors is generally a good thing – but not when =
each
stream processor is written in its own idiosyncratic
language. Incidentally, I have doubts about the script: I think that
quotes around $1 are meant to be embedded; but why they are not
escaped then? Probably it is some edge case of bash, out of several
0thousands.





In contrast, OCaml script does exactly what is required, with no extra
work. Everything is written in only one language.















letters 0.2.0





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-letters-0-2-0/6307/1








Miko announced





Getting this release done took a bit longer than expected due to some real =
life factors, but finally
here it is.





This one mainly focuses on the most requested features and improvements lik=
e simplifying configuration
around CA certificates, provides some basic documentation and additionally =
adds support for
multipart/alternative emails with combined HTML and plain text=
 content.











jerben then added





Link to Github: https://gi=
thub.com/oxidizing/letters















raylib-ocaml 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-raylib-ocaml-0-1-0/6313/1








Tobias Mock announced





I'd like to announce the first version of raylib-ocaml, a
binding to the awesome raylib game =
development library. The release can be
found on opam as "rayli=
b".





The bindings are nearly complete, as far as functions and types go, but onl=
y a subset was tested so
far. I will work on bringing more of the numerous examples of the C version=
 to OCaml in the future.





Currently, raylib-ocaml only works on Linux, but I plan to support Windows =
(and possibly other targets)
in the future.





Feel free to give it a spin and please report any issues you run into.















OCaml Workshop 2020 Online Conference is live now





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-workshop-=
2020-online-conference-is-live-now/6287/30








Deep in this thread, Didier Wenzek announced





OCaml 2020 All Videos















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
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--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 01 to
08, 2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml 4.11.1: early bugfix release
textmate-language 0.1.0
Batteries v3.1.0
Job offer in Paris - Be Sport
Some SIMD in your OCaml
A PPX Rewriter approach to ocaml-migrate-parsetree
telltime - when is when exactly?
Ocamlunit emacs minor-mode
Sihl 0.1.0
promise_jsoo 0.1.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


OCaml 4.11.1: early bugfix release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A serious bug has been discovered last week in OCaml 4.11.0: explicit
  polymorphic annotations are checked too permissively.  Some incorrect
  programs (possibly segfaulting) are accepted by the compiler in
  4.11.0.

  Programs accepted by OCaml 4.10 are unchanged.

  We are thus releasing OCaml 4.11.1 as an early bugfix version.  You
  are advised to upgrade to this new version if you were using OCaml
  4.11.0.

  It is (or soon will be) available as a set of OPAM switches with
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.11.1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and as a source download here:
    

  This bug was introduced when making polymorphic recursion easier to
  use. We are working on making the typechecker more robust and more
  exhaustively tested to avoid such issues in the future.


Bug fixes:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [#9856], [#9857]: Prevent polymorphic type annotations from
    generalizing weak polymorphic variables. (Leo White, report by
    Thierry Martinez, review by Jacques Garrigue)

  =E2=80=A2 [#9859], [#9862]: Remove an erroneous assertion when inferred
    function types appear in the right hand side of an explicit :>
    coercion (Florian Angeletti, report by Jerry James, review by Thomas
    Refis)


[#9856] 

[#9857] 

[#9859] 

[#9862] 


Rwmjones then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  We've now got 4.11.1 in Fedora 33 & Fedora 34.  No apparent problems
  so far.


textmate-language 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


dosaylazy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce [textmate-language 0.1.0]. Textmate-language
  is a library for tokenizing code using TextMate grammars. Therefore,
  it may be useful for implementing syntax highlighters. Please report
  any bugs or API inconveniences you find.


[textmate-language 0.1.0]



Batteries v3.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


UnixJunkie announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  OCaml Batteries Included is a community-maintained extended standard
  library for OCaml.

  The latest API can be found here:
  

  This minor release adds support for OCaml 4.11.  It has been available
  in opam for some days.

  Special thanks to all the contributors!

  The changelog follows:

  =E2=80=A2 Compatibility fixes for OCaml-4.11 [#962] (Jerome Vouillon)
  =E2=80=A2 BatEnum: added combination [#518] (Chimrod, review by hcarty)
  =E2=80=A2 fix benchmarks [#956] (Cedric Cellier)
  =E2=80=A2 BatFile: added count_lines [#953] (Francois Berenger, review by
    Cedric Cellier)
  =E2=80=A2 BatArray: use unsafe_get and unsafe_set more often [#947] (Fran=
cois
    Berenger, review by Cedric Cellier)
  =E2=80=A2 fix some tests for ocaml-4.10.0 [#944] (kit-ty-kate)
  =E2=80=A2 BatResult: BatPervasives.result is now equal to Stdlib.result
    instead of sharing constructors without being the same type [#939],
    [#957] (Cl=C3=A9ment Busschaert, Cedric Cellier).


[#962]


[#518]


[#956]


[#953]


[#947]


[#944]


[#939]


[#957]



Job offer in Paris - Be Sport
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Vincent Balat announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Be Sport is looking to hire an OCaml developer with skills in

  =E2=80=A2 Mobile/web feature design
  =E2=80=A2 Team management
  =E2=80=A2 Use of Social networks

  She/he will take part in the development of our Web and mobile apps,
  entirely written in OCaml with Ocsigen, and participate in reflections
  on features.

  Please contact me for more information or send an email to
  jobs@besport.com.


Some SIMD in your OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Anmol Sahoo announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Fresh from a weekend of hacking, I would like to share some results of
  an experiment I conducted of creating a library for exposing Intel
  AVX2 intrinsics to OCaml code. AVX2 is an instruction set subset that
  adds data-parallel operations in hardware.

  I chose to fork the amazing [bigstringaf] library and modified it. You
  can find the additions to the code here - [bigstringaf_simd].


[bigstringaf] 

[bigstringaf_simd]


Overview
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Given a type `Bigstring.t' (1 dimensional byte arrays) there now exist
  functions such as -
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val cmpeq_i8 : (t * int) -> (t * int) -> (t * int) -> unit
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  So `cmpeq_i8 (x,o1) (y,o2) (z,03)' will compare 32 bytes starting at
  `o1' and `o2' from `x' and `y' respectively and store the result in
  `z' at `o3'.


Why?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This was mainly an exercise in curiosity. I just wanted to learn
  whether something like this is viable.  I also want to see if adding
  some type-directed magic + ppx spells can let us write data parallel
  code much more naturally similar to what `lwt / async' did for async
  code.

  At the same time, you might ask - why not use something like Owl
  (which already has good support for data-parallel operations)? Apart
  from the fact that such libraries are oriented towards numerical code,
  I would also like to explore if we can operate directly on OCaml types
  and cast them into data parallel algorithms. Like how `simdjson'
  pushed the boundaries of JSON parsing, it would be nice to port
  idiomatic code to data-parallel versions in OCaml. Can we, at some
  point, have generic traversals of data-types, which are actually
  carried out in a data-parallel fashion?


Does it work?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Given the limitation of the current implementation (due to foreign
  function calls into C), I still found some preliminary results to be
  interesting! Implementing the `String.index' function, which returns
  the first occurence of a char, the runtime for finding an element at
  the `n-1' position in an array with `320000000' elements is -
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 serial: 1.12 seconds
  =E2=94=82 simd: 0.72 seconds (1.5x)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  I still have to do the analysis what the overhead of the function call
  into C is (even with `[@@noalloc]'!


Future directions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  It would be interesting to see, if we can create a representation
  which encapsulates the various SIMD ISA's such as AVX2, AVX512, NEON,
  SVE etc. Further more, it would be really interesting to see if we can
  use ppx to automatically widen `map` functions to operate on blocks of
  code, or automatically cast data types in a data parallel
  representation.


Disclaimer
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This was mostly a hobby project, so I cannot promise completing any
  milestones or taking feature requests etc. I definitely do not
  recommend using this in production, because of the lack of testing
  etc.


A PPX Rewriter approach to ocaml-migrate-parsetree
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Chet Murthy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

TL;DR
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Based on `camlp5' and the `pa_ppx' PPX rewriters, I've written a new
  one, `pa_deriving_plugins.rewrite', that automates almost all the work
  of writing a migration from one version of OCaml's AST to another.
  1. It took a few days (b/c of laziness) to write the initial PPX
     rewriter
  2. A day to get 4.02->4.03 AST migration working
  3. a couple of hours to get 4.03->4.02 working
  4. and a few more hours to get 4.03<->4.04 and 4.04<->4.05 working

  At this point, I fully expect that the other version-pairs will not be
  difficult.

  You can find this code [warning: very much a work-in-progress] at
  

  The file `pa_deriving.plugins/pa_deriving_rewrite.ml' contains the
  source for the PPX rewriter.

  The directory `pa_omp' contains the migrations, typically named
  `rewrite_NNN_MMM.ml'.


A slightly longer-winded explanation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you think about it, `ppx_deriving.map' isn't so different from what
  we need for `ocaml-migrate-parsetree'.  `ppx_deriving.map', from a
  type definition for ~ 'a t~, will automatically generate a function
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 map_t : ('a -> 'b) -> 'a t -> 'b t
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  If you think about it, if we could just substitute our own type for
  the second occurrence of `t' (somehow =E2=80=A6. yeah *grin*) then it wou=
ld be
  almost like what we want for o-m-p, yes?

  With 11 versions of the Ocaml AST so far, maybe it's worth thinking
  about how to automate more of the migration task.  Also, since so much
  of it is type-structure-driven, one would think that it would be an
  excellent opportunity to apply PPX rewriting technology.  *Indeed, one
  might think that a good test of PPX rewriting, is the ability to
  automate precisely such tasks.*

  So what's hard about this migration task?  Here are some issues (maybe
  there are more):
  1. the types are slightly differently-organized in different versions
     of the AST.  Types might move from one module to another.
  2. sometimes new types are introduced and old ones disappear
  3. constructor data-types may get new branches, or lose them
  4. record-types may get new fields, or lose them
  5. sometimes the analogous types in two consecutive versions are just
     really, really different [but this is rare]: we need to supply the
     code directly
  6. when mapping from one version to another, sometimes features are
     simply not mappable, and an error needs to be raised; that error
     ought to contain an indication of where in the source that
     offending feature was found
  7. And finally, when all else fails, we might need to hack on the
     migration code directly

  But morally, the task is really straightforward (with problems listed
  in-line):

  1. use `ppx_import' to copy over types from each of the AST times of
     each Ocaml version
     =E2=80=A2 `ppx_import' works on `.cmi' files, and those have different
       formats in different versions of Ocaml.  Wouldn't it be nice if
       it worked on `.mli' files, whose syntax (b/c OCaml is
       well-managed) doesn't change much?
  2. build a single OCaml module that has all the AST types in it (from
     all the versions of OCaml)
     =E2=80=A2 but without the form
       =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
       =E2=94=82 type t =3D M.t =3D A of .. | B of ....
       =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
       that is, without the "type equation" that allows for a new
       type-definition to precisely repeat a previous one.
  3. Then use `ppx_import' against this single module to construct a
     recursive type-declaration list of all the AST types for a
     particular version of OCaml, and apply a "souped-up" version of
     ppx_deriving.map to it, to map the types to *another* version of
     the AST types.
     =E2=80=A2 but `ppx_deriving.map' doesn't do this today, and besides, it
       would have to provide a bunch of "escape hatches" for all the
       special-cases I mentioned above.

  But this is in principle doable, and it has the nice feature that all
  the tedious boilerplate is mechanically-generated from
  type-definitions, hence likely to not contain errors (assuming the PPX
  rewriter isn't buggy).

  So I decided to do it, and this little post is a result.


Discussion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I think this is a quite viable approach to writing
  `ocaml-migrate-parsetree', and I would encourage the PPX community to
  consider it.  One of the nice things about this approach, is that it
  relies *heavily* on PPX rewriting itself, to get the job done.  I
  think one of the important things we've learned in programming
  languages research, is that our tools need to be largely sufficient to
  allow us to comfortably implement those same tools.  It's a good test
  of the PPX infrastructure, to see if you can take tedious tasks and
  automate them away.

  I'm not going to describe anymore of how this works, b/c I'd rather
  get the rest of the migrations working, start figuring out how to
  test, and get this code integrated with camlp5.

  But for anybody who's interested, I'd be happy to interactively
  describe the code and walk them thru how it works.


Louis Roch=C3=A9 then asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For a person who hasn't digged into OMP, can you explain how it is
  different from what is done currently? Because the idea I had of OMP
  is basically what you describe, a set of functions transformation an
  AST from vX to vX-1 and vX+1. So I am obviously missing something.


Chet Murthy replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Yes, you're right: imagine a series of modules M2=E2=80=A6M11.  Each decl=
ares
  the same set of types, but with different definitions, yes?  Then
  you'd have migration modules, `migrate_i_j' (j=3Di+1 or j=3Di-1) that have
  functions that convert between the analogously-named types.  The
  entire question is: how are these functions implemented?  By hand?
  With significant mechanized support?  They can't be implemented
  fully-mechanically, because there are decisions to be made about how
  to bridge differences in type-definitions.  For instance, look at the
  4.02 type `label' and the 4.03 type `arg_label'.  Sometimes these are
  analogous (and sometimes they're not).  When they're analogous, the
  code that converts between -cannot- be automatically inferred: a human
  has to write it.  But -most- of the code of these migration functions
  can be inferred automatically from the type-definitions themselves.

  And that's really all that my little experiment does: automatically
  infer the migration code (most of the time) with some hints for those
  cases where it's not possible to automatically infer.

  Now, why would one do this?  Well, two reasons:

  1. it should be more maintainable to automatically generate most of
     the code from types, and it should be quicker to bring online a
     migration for a new version of the Ocaml AST.
  2. this should be a good test of PPX rewriting.  That is, if we're
     going to build a macro-preprocessing support system, shouldn't it
     be able to make solving such straightforward, but very tedious,
     problems much, much easier?


Chet Murthy then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I forgot to add a third reason why this PPX-rewriter-based approach is
  better:

  1. If you look at ocaml-migrate-parsetree "migrations", you'll find
     that they're almost all boilerplate code.  But sprinkled
     here-and-there, is actual logic, actual decisions about how to come
     up with values for new fields, about which fields, when non-trivial
     (e.g. not "[]") should lead to migration-failure, etc.  It is this
     code, that is the actual meat of the migration, and it's not at all
     obvious, when sprinkled thru the mass of mechanically-produclble
     boilerplate.

  A mechanized production of that boilerplate would mean that we
  retained explicitly only this nontrivial code, and hence for
  maintenance we could focus on it, and make sure it does the right
  thing.


Josh Berdine asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Figuring out ways to make maintaining this stuff more efficient would
  be great! One aspect that isn't clear to me is how this approach
  compares to the process currently used to generate the omp code. I
  haven't done it myself, but at first glance the tools to generate the
  omp code (e.g. gencopy) seem to also accurately be describable as
  heavily using ppx infrastructure in order to implement the map code
  from one version to another. Is there an executive summary that
  compares and contrasts that and this proposal?


Chet Murthy replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  From the README, gencopy is used to generate a prototype file for each
  migration, and then a human goes in and fixes up the code.  A way to
  put my point is: gencopy should be provided the fixups in some compact
  form, and apply them itself.


telltime - when is when exactly?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Darren announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce release of [telltime] 0.0.1, a small cli tool
  for interacting with Daypack-lib (a schedule, time, time slots
  handling library) components.

  It primarily answers time related queries, with support for union
  (`||'), intersect (`&&') and "ordered select" (`>>', explanation of
  this is at the bottom).

  The query language, time expression, aims to mimic natural language,
  but without ambiguity. The grammar is only documented in the online
  demo [here] at the moment.

  Some examples copied from the README are as follows.


[telltime] 

[here] 

Search for time slots matching Daypack time expression
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  "Hm, I wonder what years have Febuary 29th?"

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ telltime search --time-slots 5 --years 100 "feb 29 00:00"
  =E2=94=82 Searching in time zone offset (seconds)            : 36000
  =E2=94=82 Search by default starts from (in above time zone) : 2020 Sep 0=
3 19:24:15
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Matching time slots (in above time zone):
  =E2=94=82 [2024 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2024 Feb 29 00:00:01)
  =E2=94=82 [2028 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2028 Feb 29 00:00:01)
  =E2=94=82 [2032 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2032 Feb 29 00:00:01)
  =E2=94=82 [2036 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2036 Feb 29 00:00:01)
  =E2=94=82 [2040 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2040 Feb 29 00:00:01)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  "Would be handy to know what this cron expression refers to"
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ telltime search --time-slots 5 "0 4 8-14 * *"
  =E2=94=82 Searching in time zone offset (seconds)            : 36000
  =E2=94=82 Search by default starts from (in above time zone) : 2020 Sep 0=
6 17:39:56
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Matching time slots (in above time zone):
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Sep 08 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 08 04:01:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Sep 09 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 09 04:01:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Sep 10 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 10 04:01:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Sep 11 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 11 04:01:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Sep 12 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 12 04:01:00)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  "I have a bunch of time ranges, but some of them overlap, and they are
  not in the right order. If only there is a way to combine and sort
  them easily."

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ telltime search --time-slots 1000 "2020 . jan . 1, 10, 20 . 1=
3:00 to 14:00 \
  =E2=94=82   || 2019 dec 25 13:00 \
  =E2=94=82   || 2019 dec 25 10am to 17:00 \
  =E2=94=82   || 2020 jan 5 10am to 1:30pm \
  =E2=94=82   || 2020 . jan . 7 to 12 . 9:15am to 2:45pm"
  =E2=94=82 Searching in time zone offset (seconds)            : 36000
  =E2=94=82 Search by default starts from (in above time zone) : 2020 Sep 0=
6 18:01:12
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Matching time slots (in above time zone):
  =E2=94=82 [2019 Dec 25 10:00:00, 2019 Dec 25 17:00:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 01 13:00:00, 2020 Jan 01 14:00:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 05 10:00:00, 2020 Jan 05 13:30:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 07 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 07 14:45:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 08 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 08 14:45:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 09 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 09 14:45:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 10 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 10 14:45:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 11 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 11 14:45:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 12 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 12 14:45:00)
  =E2=94=82 [2020 Jan 20 13:00:00, 2020 Jan 20 14:00:00)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Get exact time after some duration from now
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ telltime from-now "1 hour"
  =E2=94=82 Now                   : 2020-09-03 15:53:29
  =E2=94=82 Duration (original)   : 1 hour
  =E2=94=82 Duration (normalized) : 1 hours 0 mins 0 secs
  =E2=94=82 Now + duration        : 2020-09-03 16:53:29
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ telltime from-now "1.5 days 2.7 hours 0.5 minutes"
  =E2=94=82 Now                   : 2020-09-03 15:55:43
  =E2=94=82 Duration (original)   : 1.5 days 2.7 hours 0.5 minutes
  =E2=94=82 Duration (normalized) : 1 days 14 hours 42 mins 30 secs
  =E2=94=82 Now + duration        : 2020-09-05 06:38:13
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Difference between ordered select and union
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  `s1 >> s2' is similar to `s1 || s2', but `>>' picks between s1 and s2
  in a round robin fashion, instead of just picking the smallest between
  two.

  One specific differing case would be when the search starts at 4pm
  today, `3pm || 5pm' would return 5pm today and 3pm tomorrow, and so
  on, while `3pm >> 5pm' would return 3pm tomorrow and 5pm tomorrow (a
  5pm is only picked after a 3pm has been picked already).


Ocamlunit emacs minor-mode
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Manfred Bergmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Here is a first version of this plugin that allows running `dune test'
  with an Emacs key stroke.  It shows the test result in a separate
  buffer and a simple colorized status 'message'.

  

  While it is possible to run `dune' in 'watch' mode I'd like to
  manually run tests.

  I didn't find a way to specify individual test modules in `dune'. Is
  that possible?


Sihl 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


jerben announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce this milestone release of Sihl, a web framework
  for OCaml.

  Github: 
  opam: 

  Sihl is really just a collection of services that can be plugged into
  each other and a tiny core that knows how to start them. The goal is
  to take care of infrastructure concerns so you can focus on the
  domain.

  After many iterations, the API is in a shape where we dare to show it
  to you :slight_smile: It is still under heavy development so expect
  breakage without a major version bump. However, we just finished
  migrating a project from Reason on NodeJS to OCaml on Sihl, so we use
  it in production.

  We provide service implementations that were useful to us so far. In
  the future we want to provide many more to cover all kinds of
  needs. (PRs are always welcome!)

  Any feedback is greatly appreciated, thanks! :)


jerben then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Here is an example of a tiny Sihl app:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module Service =3D struct
  =E2=94=82   module Random =3D Sihl.Utils.Random.Service
  =E2=94=82   module Log =3D Sihl.Log.Service
  =E2=94=82   module Config =3D Sihl.Config.Service
  =E2=94=82   module Db =3D Sihl.Data.Db.Service
  =E2=94=82   module MigrationRepo =3D Sihl.Data.Migration.Service.Repo.Mar=
iaDb
  =E2=94=82   module Cmd =3D Sihl.Cmd.Service
  =E2=94=82   module Migration =3D Sihl.Data.Migration.Service.Make (Cmd) (=
Db) (MigrationRepo)
  =E2=94=82   module WebServer =3D Sihl.Web.Server.Service.Make (Cmd)
  =E2=94=82   module Schedule =3D Sihl.Schedule.Service.Make (Log)
  =E2=94=82 end
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let services : (module Sihl.Core.Container.SERVICE) list =3D
  =E2=94=82   [ (module Service.WebServer) ]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let hello_page =3D
  =E2=94=82   Sihl.Web.Route.get "/hello/" (fun _ ->
  =E2=94=82       Sihl.Web.Res.(html |> set_body "Hello!") |> Lwt.return)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let routes =3D [ ("/page", [ hello_page ], []) ]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 module App =3D Sihl.App.Make (Service)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let _ =3D App.(empty |> with_services services |> with_routes r=
outes |> run)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


promise_jsoo 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Max LANTAS announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello! I am announcing the first release of `promise_jsoo', a library
  for JS promises in Js_of_ocaml.

  
  

  The library has bindings to the core `Promise' methods as well as
  helper functions that make it easier to deal with a `Promise' of an
  `option' or `result'. It is also possible to use this library with
  [gen_js_api] to make for an easier JavaScript binding experience

  Inspired by [aantron/promise], this library also uses indirection
  internally when handling nested promises in order to ensure that the
  bindings are type safe.

  This project is part of ongoing work to port [vscode-ocaml-platform]
  to Js_of_ocaml.

  Generated documentation can be found [here].


[gen_js_api] 

[aantron/promise]


[vscode-ocaml-platform]


[here]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [Announcing Signals and Threads, a new podcast from Jane Street]


[OCaml Planet] 

[Announcing Signals and Threads, a new podcast from Jane Street]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 01 to 08, 2=
020.









OCaml 4.11.1: early bugfix release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-11-1-early-bugfix-releas=
e/6337/1








octachron announced





A serious bug has been discovered last week in OCaml 4.11.0:
explicit polymorphic annotations are checked too permissively.
Some incorrect programs (possibly segfaulting) are accepted
by the compiler in 4.11.0.





Programs accepted by OCaml 4.10 are unchanged.





We are thus releasing OCaml 4.11.1 as an early bugfix version.
You are advised to upgrade to this new version if you were
using OCaml 4.11.0.





It is (or soon will be) available as a set of OPAM switches with



opam switch create 4.11.1





and as a source download here:
  https://caml.in=
ria.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.11/





This bug was introduced when making polymorphic recursion
easier to use. We are working on making the typechecker
more robust and more exhaustively tested to avoid such
issues in the future.








Bug fixes:




    

  • #9856, #9857: Prevent polymo=
rphic type annotations from generalizing weak polymorphic variables. (Leo W=
hite, report by Thierry Martinez, review by Jacques Garrigue)
    • 


  • #9859, #9862: Remove an erro=
neous assertion when inferred function types appear in the right hand side =
of an explicit :> coercion (Florian Angeletti, report by Jerry James, re=
view by Thomas Refis)
    • 













Rwmjones then said





We've now got 4.11.1 in Fedora 33 & Fedora 34.  No apparent problems so=
 far.















textmate-language 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-textmate-language-0-1-0/6339/1








dosaylazy announced





I am pleased to announce textmate-language
0.1.0. Textmate-language
is a library for tokenizing code using TextMate grammars. Therefore, it may=
 be useful for implementing
syntax highlighters. Please report any bugs or API inconveniences you find.















Batteries v3.1.0





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/batteries-v3-1-0/6347/1








UnixJunkie announced





OCaml Batteries Included is a community-maintained extended standard librar=
y for OCaml.





The latest API can be found here:
https://ocaml-batteries-team.github.io/batteries-included/hdoc2/





This minor release adds support for OCaml 4.11.
It has been available in opam for some days.





Special thanks to all the contributors!





The changelog follows:




    

  • Compatibility fixes for OCaml-4.11 #962 (Jerome Vouillon)
    • 

  • BatEnum: added combination #518 (Chimrod, review by hcarty)

  • fix benchmarks #956 (Cedric Cellier)
    • 

  • BatFile: added count_lines #953 (Francois Berenger, review by =
Cedric Cellier)
    • 

  • BatArray: use unsafe_get and unsafe_set more often #947 (Franc=
ois Berenger, review by Cedric Cellier)
    • 

  • fix some tests for ocaml-4.10.0 #944 (kit-ty-kate)
    • 

  • BatResult: BatPervasives.result is now equal to Stdlib.result instead o=
f sharing constructors without being the same type #939, #9=
57 (Cl=C3=A9ment Busschaert, Cedric Cellier).
    • 















Job offer in Paris - Be Sport





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-offer-in-paris-be-sport/6355/1








Vincent Balat announced





Be Sport is looking to hire an OCaml developer with skills in




    

  • Mobile/web feature design
    • 

  • Team management
    • 

  • Use of Social networks
    • 





She/he will take part in the development of our Web and mobile apps, entire=
ly written in OCaml with
Ocsigen, and participate in reflections on features.





Please contact me for more information or send an email to jobs@besport.com.















Some SIMD in your OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/some-simd-in-your-ocaml/6367/1








Anmol Sahoo announced





Fresh from a weekend of hacking, I would like to share some results of an e=
xperiment I conducted of
creating a library for exposing Intel AVX2 intrinsics to OCaml code. AVX2 i=
s an instruction set subset
that adds data-parallel operations in hardware.





I chose to fork the amazing bigstringaf library and
modified it. You can find the additions to the code here -
bigstringaf_simd.








Overview





Given a type Bigstring.t (1 dimensional byte arrays) there now=
 exist functions such as -





val cmpeq_i8 : (t * int)=
 -> (t * int) -> (t * int) -> unit






So cmpeq_i8 (x,o1) (y,o2) (z,03) will compare 32 bytes startin=
g at o1 and o2 from x and y
respectively and store the result in z at o3.










Why?





This was mainly an exercise in curiosity. I just wanted to learn whether so=
mething like this is viable.
I also want to see if adding some type-directed magic + ppx spells can let =
us write data parallel code
much more naturally similar to what lwt / async did for async =
code.





At the same time, you might ask - why not use something like Owl (which alr=
eady has good support for
data-parallel operations)? Apart from the fact that such libraries are orie=
nted towards numerical code,
I would also like to explore if we can operate directly on OCaml types and =
cast them into data parallel
algorithms. Like how simdjson pushed the boundaries of JSON pa=
rsing, it would be nice to port
idiomatic code to data-parallel versions in OCaml. Can we, at some point, h=
ave generic traversals of
data-types, which are actually carried out in a data-parallel fashion?










Does it work?





Given the limitation of the current implementation (due to foreign function=
 calls into C), I still
found some preliminary results to be interesting! Implementing the St=
ring.index function, which
returns the first occurence of a char, the runtime for finding an element a=
t the n-1 position in an
array with 320000000 elements is -



serial: 1.12 seconds
simd: 0.72 seconds (1.5x)




I still have to do the analysis what the overhead of the function call into=
 C is (even with
[@@noalloc]!










Future directions





It would be interesting to see, if we can create a representation which enc=
apsulates the various SIMD
ISA's such as AVX2, AVX512, NEON, SVE etc. Further more, it would be really=
 interesting to see if we
can use ppx to automatically widen `map` functions to operate on blocks of =
code, or automatically cast
data types in a data parallel representation.










Disclaimer





This was mostly a hobby project, so I cannot promise completing any milesto=
nes or taking feature
requests etc. I definitely do not recommend using this in production, becau=
se of the lack of testing
etc.

















A PPX Rewriter approach to ocaml-migrate-parsetree





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-ppx-rewriter-=
approach-to-ocaml-migrate-parsetree/6369/1








Chet Murthy announced








TL;DR





Based on camlp5 and the pa_ppx PPX rewriters, I'v=
e written a new one,
pa_deriving_plugins.rewrite, that automates almost all the wor=
k of writing a migration from one
version of OCaml's AST to another.



    

  1. It took a few days (b/c of laziness) to write the initial PPX rewriter<=
/li>

  2. A day to get 4.02->4.03 AST migration working
    3. 

  3. a couple of hours to get 4.03->4.02 working
    4. 

  4. and a few more hours to get 4.03<->4.04 and 4.04<->4.05 wor=
king
    5. 





At this point, I fully expect that the other version-pairs will not be diff=
icult.





You can find this code [warning: very much a work-in-progress] at
https://github.com/chetmurthy/pa_ppx/tree/migrate-parsetree-hacking





The file pa_deriving.plugins/pa_deriving_rewrite.ml contains t=
he source for the PPX rewriter.





The directory pa_omp contains the migrations, typically named =
rewrite_NNN_MMM.ml.










A slightly longer-winded explanation





If you think about it, ppx_deriving.map isn't so different fro=
m what
we need for ocaml-migrate-parsetree.  ppx_deriving.map, from a type definition for ~ 'a t~, will
automatically generate a function





map_t : ('a -> 'b) -> 'a t -> 'b t






If you think about it, if we could just substitute our own type for the sec=
ond occurrence of t
(somehow …. yeah grin) then it would be almost like what we w=
ant for o-m-p, yes?





With 11 versions of the Ocaml AST so far, maybe it's worth thinking about h=
ow to automate more of the
migration task.  Also, since so much of it is type-structure-driven, one wo=
uld think that it would be
an excellent opportunity to apply PPX rewriting technology.  Indeed, one=
 might think that a good test of PPX rewriting, is the ability to automate =
precisely such tasks.





So what's hard about this migration task?  Here are some issues (maybe ther=
e are more):



    

  1. the types are slightly differently-organized in different versions of t=
he AST.  Types might move from one module to another.
    2. 

  2. sometimes new types are introduced and old ones disappear
    3. 

  3. constructor data-types may get new branches, or lose them
    4. 

  4. record-types may get new fields, or lose them
    5. 

  5. sometimes the analogous types in two consecutive versions are just real=
ly, really different [but this is rare]: we need to supply the code directl=
y
    6. 

  6. when mapping from one version to another, sometimes features are simply=
 not mappable, and an error needs to be raised; that error ought to contain=
 an indication of where in the source that offending feature was found
    7. 

  7. And finally, when all else fails, we might need to hack on the migratio=
n code directly
    8. 





But morally, the task is really straightforward (with problems listed in-li=
ne):




    

  1. use ppx_import to copy over types from each of the AST tim=
es of each Ocaml version

      

    • ppx_import works on .cmi files, and those hav=
e different formats in different versions of Ocaml.  Wouldn't it be nice if=
 it worked on .mli files, whose syntax (b/c OCaml is well-mana=
ged) doesn't change much?
      • 

    2. 

  2. build a single OCaml module that has all the AST types in it (from all =
the versions of OCaml)

      

    • 
but without the form

      

      

      type t =3D M.t =3D A of .. |=
 B of ....

      

      

      
that is, without the "type equation" that allows for a new type-definition =
to precisely repeat a previous one.

      • 

    3. 

  3. Then use ppx_import against this single module to construc=
t a recursive type-declaration list of all the AST types for a particular v=
ersion of OCaml, and apply a "souped-up" version of ppx_deriving.map to it,=
 to map the types to another version of the AST types.

      

    • but ppx_deriving.map doesn't do this today, and besides, i=
t would have to provide a bunch of "escape hatches" for all the special-cas=
es I mentioned above.
      • 

    4. 





But this is in principle doable, and it has the nice feature that all the t=
edious boilerplate is
mechanically-generated from type-definitions, hence likely to not contain e=
rrors (assuming the PPX
rewriter isn't buggy).





So I decided to do it, and this little post is a result.










Discussion





I think this is a quite viable approach to writing ocaml-migrate-pars=
etree, and I would encourage the
PPX community to consider it.  One of the nice things about this approach, =
is that it relies heavily
on PPX rewriting itself, to get the job done.  I think one of the important=
 things we've learned in
programming languages research, is that our tools need to be largely suffic=
ient to allow us to
comfortably implement those same tools.  It's a good test of the PPX infras=
tructure, to see if you can
take tedious tasks and automate them away.





I'm not going to describe anymore of how this works, b/c I'd rather
get the rest of the migrations working, start figuring out how to
test, and get this code integrated with camlp5.





But for anybody who's interested, I'd be happy to interactively
describe the code and walk them thru how it works.













Louis Roch=C3=A9 then asked





For a person who hasn't digged into OMP, can you explain how it is differen=
t from what is done
currently? Because the idea I had of OMP is basically what you describe, a =
set of functions
transformation an AST from vX to vX-1 and vX+1. So I am obviously missing s=
omething.











Chet Murthy replied





Yes, you're right: imagine a series of modules M2…M11.  Each declare=
s the same set of types, but with
different definitions, yes?  Then you'd have migration modules, migra=
te_i_j (j=3Di+1 or j=3Di-1) that
have functions that convert between the analogously-named types.  The entir=
e question is: how are these
functions implemented?  By hand?  With significant mechanized support?  The=
y can't be implemented
fully-mechanically, because there are decisions to be made about how to bri=
dge differences in
type-definitions.  For instance, look at the 4.02 type label a=
nd the 4.03 type arg_label.
Sometimes these are analogous (and sometimes they're not).  When they're an=
alogous, the code that
converts between -cannot- be automatically inferred: a human has to write i=
t.  But -most- of the code
of these migration functions can be inferred automatically from the type-de=
finitions themselves.





And that's really all that my little experiment does: automatically infer t=
he migration code (most of
the time) with some hints for those cases where it's not possible to automa=
tically infer.





Now, why would one do this?  Well, two reasons:




    

  1. it should be more maintainable to automatically generate most of the co=
de from types, and it should be quicker to bring online a migration for a n=
ew version of the Ocaml AST.
    2. 

  2. this should be a good test of PPX rewriting.  That is, if we're going t=
o build a macro-preprocessing support system, shouldn't it be able to make =
solving such straightforward, but very tedious, problems much, much easier?=

    3. 











Chet Murthy then added





I forgot to add a third reason why this PPX-rewriter-based approach is bett=
er:




    

  1. If you look at ocaml-migrate-parsetree "migrations", you'll find that t=
hey're almost all boilerplate code.  But sprinkled here-and-there, is actua=
l logic, actual decisions about how to come up with values for new fields, =
about which fields, when non-trivial (e.g. not "[]") should lead to migrati=
on-failure, etc.  It is this code, that is the actual meat of the migration=
, and it's not at all obvious, when sprinkled thru the mass of mechanically=
-produclble boilerplate.
    2. 





A mechanized production of that boilerplate would mean that we retained exp=
licitly only this nontrivial code, and hence for maintenance we could focus=
 on it, and make sure it does the right thing.











Josh Berdine asked





Figuring out ways to make maintaining this stuff more efficient would be gr=
eat! One aspect that isn't
clear to me is how this approach compares to the process currently used to =
generate the omp code. I
haven't done it myself, but at first glance the tools to generate the omp c=
ode (e.g. gencopy) seem to
also accurately be describable as heavily using ppx infrastructure in order=
 to implement the map code
from one version to another. Is there an executive summary that compares an=
d contrasts that and this
proposal?











Chet Murthy replied





>>From the README, gencopy is used to generate a prototype file for each migr=
ation, and then a human goes
in and fixes up the code.  A way to put my point is: gencopy should be prov=
ided the fixups in some
compact form, and apply them itself.















telltime - when is when exactly?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-telltime-when-is-when-exactl=
y/6372/1








Darren announced





I'm happy to announce release of telltime 0.0.1, a small cli
tool for interacting with Daypack-lib (a schedule, time, time slots handlin=
g library) components.





It primarily answers time related queries, with support for union (||=
), intersect (&&) and "ordered
select" (>>, explanation of this is at the bottom).





The query language, time expression, aims to mimic natural language, but wi=
thout ambiguity. The grammar
is only documented in the online demo here at the
moment.





Some examples copied from the README are as follows.








Search for time slots matching Daypack time expressio=
n





"Hm, I wonder what years have Febuary 29th?"




$ telltime search --time-slots 5 --years 100 "feb 29 00:00"
Searching in time zone offset (seconds)            : 36000
Search by default starts from (in above time zone) : 2020 Sep 03 19:24:15

Matching time slots (in above time zone):
[2024 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2024 Feb 29 00:00:01)
[2028 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2028 Feb 29 00:00:01)
[2032 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2032 Feb 29 00:00:01)
[2036 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2036 Feb 29 00:00:01)
[2040 Feb 29 00:00:00, 2040 Feb 29 00:00:01)





"Would be handy to know what this cron expression refers to"



$ telltime search --time-slots 5 "0 4 8-14 * *"
Searching in time zone offset (seconds)            : 36000
Search by default starts from (in above time zone) : 2020 Sep 06 17:39:56

Matching time slots (in above time zone):
[2020 Sep 08 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 08 04:01:00)
[2020 Sep 09 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 09 04:01:00)
[2020 Sep 10 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 10 04:01:00)
[2020 Sep 11 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 11 04:01:00)
[2020 Sep 12 04:00:00, 2020 Sep 12 04:01:00)





"I have a bunch of time ranges, but some of them overlap, and they are not =
in the right order. If only
there is a way to combine and sort them easily."




$ telltime search --time-slots 1000 "2020 . jan . 1, 10, 20 . 13:00 to 14:0=
0 \
  || 2019 dec 25 13:00 \
  || 2019 dec 25 10am to 17:00 \
  || 2020 jan 5 10am to 1:30pm \
  || 2020 . jan . 7 to 12 . 9:15am to 2:45pm"
Searching in time zone offset (seconds)            : 36000
Search by default starts from (in above time zone) : 2020 Sep 06 18:01:12

Matching time slots (in above time zone):
[2019 Dec 25 10:00:00, 2019 Dec 25 17:00:00)
[2020 Jan 01 13:00:00, 2020 Jan 01 14:00:00)
[2020 Jan 05 10:00:00, 2020 Jan 05 13:30:00)
[2020 Jan 07 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 07 14:45:00)
[2020 Jan 08 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 08 14:45:00)
[2020 Jan 09 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 09 14:45:00)
[2020 Jan 10 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 10 14:45:00)
[2020 Jan 11 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 11 14:45:00)
[2020 Jan 12 09:15:00, 2020 Jan 12 14:45:00)
[2020 Jan 20 13:00:00, 2020 Jan 20 14:00:00)










Get exact time after some duration from now




$ telltime from-now "1 hour"
Now                   : 2020-09-03 15:53:29
Duration (original)   : 1 hour
Duration (normalized) : 1 hours 0 mins 0 secs
Now + duration        : 2020-09-03 16:53:29




$ telltime from-now "1.5 days 2.7 hours 0.5 minutes"
Now                   : 2020-09-03 15:55:43
Duration (original)   : 1.5 days 2.7 hours 0.5 minutes
Duration (normalized) : 1 days 14 hours 42 mins 30 secs
Now + duration        : 2020-09-05 06:38:13










Difference between ordered select and union





s1 >> s2 is similar to s1 || s2, but =
>> picks between s1 and s2 in a round robin fashion, instead
of just picking the smallest between two.





One specific differing case would be when the search starts at 4pm today, <=
code>3pm || 5pm would return 5pm
today and 3pm tomorrow, and so on, while 3pm >> 5pm woul=
d return 3pm tomorrow and 5pm tomorrow (a 5pm
is only picked after a 3pm has been picked already).

















Ocamlunit emacs minor-mode





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocamlunit-emacs-minor-mode/6373/1








Manfred Bergmann announced





Here is a first version of this plugin that allows running dune test<=
/code> with an Emacs key stroke.
It shows the test result in a separate buffer and a simple colorized status=
 'message'.





https://github.co=
m/mdbergmann/emacs-ocamlunit





While it is possible to run dune in 'watch' mode I'd like to m=
anually run tests.





I didn't find a way to specify individual test modules in dune=
. Is that possible?















Sihl 0.1.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-sihl-0-1-0/6374/1








jerben announced





I am happy to announce this milestone release of Sihl, a web framework for =
OCaml.





Github: https://github.com/ox=
idizing/sihl 

opam: http://opam.ocaml.or=
g/packages/sihl/





Sihl is really just a collection of services that can be plugged into each =
other and a tiny core that
knows how to start them. The goal is to take care of infrastructure concern=
s so you can focus on the
domain.





After many iterations, the API is in a shape where we dare to show it to yo=
u :slight_smile:
It is still under heavy development so expect breakage without a major vers=
ion bump. However, we just
finished migrating a project from Reason on NodeJS to OCaml on Sihl, so we =
use it in production.





We provide service implementations that were useful to us so far. In the fu=
ture we want to provide many
more to cover all kinds of needs. (PRs are always welcome!)





Any feedback is greatly appreciated, thanks! :)











jerben then added





Here is an example of a tiny Sihl app:






module Service =3D struct
  module Random =3D S=
ihl.Utils.Random.Service
  module Log =3D Sihl=
.Log.Service
  module Config =3D S=
ihl.Config.Service
  module Db =3D Sihl.=
Data.Db.Service
  module MigrationRepo =3D Sihl.Data.Migration.Service.Repo.MariaDb
  module Cmd =3D Sihl=
.Cmd.Service
  module Migration =3D module WebServer =3D module Schedule =3D Sihl.Schedule.Service.Make (Log)
end

let services : (module Sihl.Core.Container.SERVICE) list =3D
  [ (module Service.WebServer) ]

let hello_page =3D
  Sihl.Web.Route.get "/hello/" (fun _ ->
      Sihl.Web.Res.(html |> set_body =
"Hello!") |> Lwt.return)

let routes =3D [ ("=
/page", [ hello_page ], []) ]

module App =3D Sihl.A=
pp.Make (Service)

let _ =3D App.(empty |> with_services service=
s |> with_routes routes |> run)

















promise_jsoo 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-promise-jsoo-0-1-0/6377/1








Max LANTAS announced





Hello! I am announcing the first release of promise_jsoo, a li=
brary for JS promises in Js_of_ocaml.





https://github.com/mnxn/pr=
omise_jsoo 

https://opam.ocam=
l.org/packages/promise_jsoo/





The library has bindings to the core Promise methods as well a=
s helper functions that make it easier
to deal with a Promise of an option or resu=
lt. It is also possible to use this library with
gen_js_api to make for=
 an easier JavaScript binding experience





Inspired by
aantron/promise,
this library also uses indirection internally when handling nested promises=
 in order to ensure that the
bindings are type safe.





This project is part of ongoing work to port
vscode-ocaml=
-platform to Js_of_ocaml.





Generated documentation can be found
here.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
 comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 22 Sep 2020 09:27:24 +0200
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 15 to
22, 2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Liquidsoap 1.4.3
Simple63 v1: compression of integer sequences
bentov v1: streaming estimation of 1D histograms
opam-compiler 0.1.0
lua_parser 1.0.0
Merlin 3.4.0 : introducing external configuration readers
gRPC server and client in OCaml
Bitstring (and ppx_bitstring) 4.0.0
Old CWN


Liquidsoap 1.4.3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Romain Beauxis announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce that liquidsoap `1.4.3' is out at:
  

  This is the 3rd bugfix release for the `1.4.x' branch. It contains
  important fixes and a couple of new minor features. Update is
  recommended and should be fairly safe.

  Along we this release, we have now added builds for `arm64' debian
  packages and docker-ready production images for `amd64' and `arm64'
  architectures available at:
  

  Again, we would like to warmly thank all users, contributors and
  reporters for helping us bring liquidsoap to the next step!

  Also, please note that a couple of issues had to be left out to make
  sure that the release comes out on time. These are listed [here] and
  will be tackled as soon as possible.

  Next for liquidsoap, we will focus on getting the current `2.x' branch
  finalized and polished. We already have support for encoded content
  and ffmpeg raw frames. We need to write a couple of inline encoders
  and decoders and we'll have 90% of the features ready. This will be a
  major update for us!


[here] 


Simple63 v1: compression of integer sequences
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mika Illouz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is to announce Simple63, an opam package for compression of
  integer sequences; similar to Anh and Moffat's Simple-8b. More details
  found in:

  =E2=80=A2 github: [https://github.com/barko/simple63]
  =E2=80=A2 documentation: [https://barko.github.io/simple63/]

  Feedback and bug reports welcome.


[https://github.com/barko/simple63] 

[https://barko.github.io/simple63/] 


bentov v1: streaming estimation of 1D histograms
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mika Illouz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is to announce bentov, a opam package that implements a 1D
  histogram-sketching algorithm. For more details:

  =E2=80=A2 github: [https://github.com/barko/bentov]
  =E2=80=A2 documentation: [https://barko.github.io/bentov]

  Feedback and bug reports welcome.


[https://github.com/barko/bentov] 

[https://barko.github.io/bentov] 


opam-compiler 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Millon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the opam maintainers, I'd like to announce the first
  release of opam-compiler, a plugin to work with compiler variants,
  branches and forks.

  This can cover a pretty wide range of use cases, so the first version
  is starting small with a single command to create a switch from a
  branch or github PR:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 % opam compiler create '#9921'
  =E2=94=82 Opam plugin "compiler" is not installed. Install it on the curr=
ent switch? [Y/n] y
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ...
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 <><> Carrying on to "opam compiler create #9921" ><><><><><><><=
><><><><><><><><>
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 [ocaml-variants.4.12.0+trunk+no-flat-float-array] synchronised =
from
  =E2=94=82 git+https://github.com/gasche/ocaml#Atomic.create
  =E2=94=82 ocaml-variants is now pinned to git+https://github.com/gasche/o=
caml#Atomic.create (version
  =E2=94=82 4.12.0+trunk)
  =E2=94=82 % opam switch
  =E2=94=82 ...
  =E2=94=82 =E2=86=92  ocaml-ocaml-9921
  =E2=94=82           [opam-compiler] ocaml/ocaml#9921 - stdlib: rename Ato=
mic.make into Atomic.create
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You can also override the arguments passed to `--configure'.

  As you can see in the above snippet, it's an opam plugin so it will
  auto-install if needed (assuming you ran `opam update' recently) and
  will be available across all switches. Its sources and issue tracker
  are available [here].

  For the next releases, our plan is to add a user-friendly way to setup
  a switch based on a local git clone, so that it's easy to test your
  compiler fork with opam packages. You can find the other features we'd
  like to add in the future in [the relevant part of the opam roadmap].

  Thanks and have fun compiling compilers!


[here] 

[the relevant part of the opam roadmap]



lua_parser 1.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jason Nielsen announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've release [lua_parser] which is now up on opam.  It is a parser and
  pretty-printer for lua 5.2.  Actually it was developed with luajit in
  mind which is lua 5.1 plus goto/labels (which syntactically for the
  purposes of parsing and pretty-printing is lua 5.2).


[lua_parser] 


Merlin 3.4.0 : introducing external configuration readers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


vds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am glad to announce, on behalf of the Merlin team, the release of
  Merlin `3.4.0' which brings some major changes in the way
  configuration is handled.

  As you might know, Merlin reads its configuration from the closest
  `.merlin' file to the source file being edited. These files tell
  merlin where to find other source files and build artifacts, but also
  which flags should be passed to the compiler, which syntax extensions
  are enabled and which packages are used by the project.

  In this setting the configuration is the same for all the source files
  of a folder, regardless of their specificities. In other words, the
  configuration loaded for a single source file contains the union of
  the dependencies of this file and of all its siblings which is not an
  optimal behavior.

  Starting with version `3.4.0' merlin will ship with two packages:
  `merlin' and `dot-merlin-reader' which, as the name suggests, reads
  configuration from `.merlin' files. Both are necessary for proper
  function.

  When a `.merlin' file is present in the source folder the Merlin
  server will start a `dot-merlin-reader' process and communicate with
  it via standard input and output following a simple protocol. These
  processes are halted with the server.

  *This change should not have any visible impact on users' workflows as
  long as the `dot-merlin-reader' binary is correctly installed and in
  the path*. (which should be the case in opam-based setups)

  This change in itself will not solve the granularity problem mentioned
  earlier, but it paves the way for such improvements: in a near-future
  Dune will stop generating `.merlin' files and Merlin will obtain
  file-based configuration directly from the build system using the same
  protocol as the one used by `dot-merlin-reader'.


Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

  =E2=81=83 merlin binary
    =E2=80=A2 fix completion of pattern matchings with exception patterns
      (#1169)
    =E2=80=A2 delegate configuration reading to external programs via a sim=
ple
      protocol and create a new package `dot-merlin-reader' with a
      binary that reads `.merlin' files. (#1123, #1152)


gRPC server and client in OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


blandinw announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  TL;DR 

  Hey, I'm new to OCaml after writing some Clojure, C++ and Haskell in
  various contexts, including working at FB (relevant below).

  After browsing this forum and Reddit for a bit, the assumption seems
  to be that OCaml is not a good fit for gRPC, since there's no pure
  implementation today. Now, this is something I have experience with,
  so I thought I'd try and challenge this assumption.

  As you may know, services inside FB use Thrift (both the format and
  protocol) to communicate. The Thrift team worked primarily in C++ (for
  good reasons), causing support for other languages to lag behind
  despite their best efforts. Now, the interchange format (equivalent to
  Protobuf) does not change very often so it's fine to have a
  per-language implementation, but the client and server (equivalent to
  HTTP2 + gRPC) frequently receive new features, optimizations and
  fixes. After a valiant and continued effort to support most languages
  used internally, the Thrift team came up with an idea. Instead of
  maintaining multiple implementations and dealing with obscure FFI
  bugs, ~FingerprintTrustManagerFactory~s and whatnot, they would focus
  solely on the C++ implementation and provide a daemon to be ran
  alongside whatever code you were trying to run. You could then use
  simple IPC to exchange Thrift (the format) messages with that daemon,
  and it would handle all the nitty-gritty of running a service at scale
  (load balancing, connection pooling, service discovery, security,
  retries, timeouts, network stats, hot restarts, etc.). Needless to
  say, it worked remarkably well even at very high scale and everybody
  was much happier.

  I wanted to replicate this idea with OCaml and gRPC. We already have
  support for protobuf thanks to the excellent `ocaml-protoc'. All we
  need is a way to exchange protobuf messages reliably on the wire.
  Instead of having an OCaml implementation that will have to stay
  up-to-date and have its own set of bugs (the official `grpc/grpc-java'
  repo has 4450 commits and 2400 issues at the moment), can we reuse
  existing infra with already massive support and production time?

  Fortunately, the people at Lyft built just that, open-sourced it and
  contributed it to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation in late
  2017. It is called Envoy and it is bliss.

  I demonstrate how to fit these pieces together at
  [blandinw/ocaml-grpc-envoy] to build a simple KV store, including a
  gRPC client and server in 200 lines of OCaml code. The idea is to
  spawn an Envoy process that will handle all gRPC communication for our
  OCaml code. We use HTTP/1.1 to exchange Protobuf messages with it,
  using for example `httpaf' and `Lwt'. This solution has the added
  benefit that it is highly scalable from the start, allowing you for
  instance to spawn one OCaml process per core and load balance between
  them. You can also use Envoy (with proper config!) as your web reverse
  proxy instead of say, nginx.

  At the very least, this solution allows us to start writing gRPC code
  today, and gracefully evolve towards HTTP/2, Multicore and maybe a
  native OCaml implementation later.

  I'm curious to hear your perspective on the future of building
  services with OCaml, or your past experience like what went well, what
  was missing, etc.


[blandinw/ocaml-grpc-envoy]



Yawar Amin asked and blandinw replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Fantastic idea. So if I understand correctly, the only
        thing that Envoy (server-side) is doing is translating the
        Protobuf from gRPC HTTP2 transport to HTTP1, and
        forwarding these Protobuf objects over HTTP1 to the OCaml
        server? Envoy doesn't know to know about the actual gRPC
        schema, because it doesn't touch the Protobuf objects
        themselves, right?

  That's correct. Envoy is only concerned with transporting bytes (along
  with load balancing, routing, etc, etc). Only OCaml knows about the
  Protobuf schemas.

  In the OCaml server case, Envoy listens for HTTP/2 gRPC requests,
  accesses the bytes payload with no knowledge of the actual
  schema/layout and repackages these same bytes in a HTTP/1.1 request
  that OCaml can process. OCaml then responds with bytes (an encoded
  Protobuf response message) that Envoy sends back on the original HTTP2
  connection.


Bitstring (and ppx_bitstring) 4.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


xrguerin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

Features
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Add support for let bindings introduced in 4.08
  =E2=80=A2 Switch to PPXLIB


Deprecations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As PPXLIB requires `ocaml >=3D 4.04' support for earlier versions has
  been dropped.


Breaking changes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This release splits the library from the PPX to reduce runtime
  dependencies. Projects using the PPX from bitstring will need to also
  depends on ppx_bitstring from now on.


Rudi Grinberg added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The project is hosted [here] for those who are interested.There's also
  some excellent [docs]


[here] 

[docs] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 15 to 22, 2=
020.









Liquidsoap 1.4.3





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-liquidsoap-1-4-3/6429/1








Romain Beauxis announced





I'm happy to announce that liquidsoap  1.4.3  is out at:
https=
://github.com/savonet/liquidsoap/releases/tag/v1.4.3





This is the 3rd bugfix release for the  1.4.x  branch. It cont=
ains important fixes and a couple of
new minor features. Update is recommended and should be fairly safe.





Along we this release, we have now added builds for  arm64  de=
bian packages and docker-ready
production images for  amd64  and  arm64  archite=
ctures available at:
htt=
ps://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/savonet/liquidsoap





Again, we would like to warmly thank all users, contributors and reporters =
for helping us bring
liquidsoap to the next step!





Also, please note that a couple of issues had to be left out to make sure t=
hat the release comes out on
time. These are listed here and will be tackled as
soon as possible.





Next for liquidsoap, we will focus on getting the current  2.x=
  branch finalized and polished. We
already have support for encoded content and ffmpeg raw frames. We need to =
write a couple of inline
encoders and decoders and we'll have 90% of the features ready. This will b=
e a major update for us!















Simple63 v1: compression of integer sequences





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-simple63-v1-c=
ompression-of-integer-sequences/6431/1








Mika Illouz announced





This is to announce Simple63, an opam package for compression of integer se=
quences; similar to Anh and
Moffat's Simple-8b. More details found in:







Feedback and bug reports welcome.















bentov v1: streaming estimation of 1D histograms





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bentov-v1-=
streaming-estimation-of-1d-histograms/6434/1








Mika Illouz announced





This is to announce bentov, a opam package that implements a 1D histogram-s=
ketching algorithm. For more
details:







Feedback and bug reports welcome.















opam-compiler 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-compiler-0-1-0/6442/1








Etienne Millon announced





On behalf of the opam maintainers, I'd like to announce the first release o=
f opam-compiler, a plugin to
work with compiler variants, branches and forks.





This can cover a pretty wide range of use cases, so the first version is st=
arting small with a single
command to create a switch from a branch or github PR:




% opam compiler create '#9921'
Opam plugin "compiler" is not installed. Install it on the current switch? =
[Y/n] y

...

<><> Carrying on to "opam compiler create #9921" ><>&l=
t;><><><><><><><><><&=
gt;<><><><>

[ocaml-variants.4.12.0+trunk+no-flat-float-array] synchronised from
git+https://github.com/gasche/ocaml#Atomic.create
ocaml-variants is now pinned to git+https://github.com/gasche/ocaml#Atomic.=
create (version
4.12.0+trunk)
% opam switch
...
=E2=86=92  ocaml-ocaml-9921
          [opam-compiler] ocaml/ocaml#9921 - stdlib: rename Atomic.make int=
o Atomic.create





You can also override the arguments passed to --configure.





As you can see in the above snippet, it's an opam plugin so it will auto-in=
stall if needed (assuming
you ran opam update recently) and will be available across all=
 switches. Its sources and issue
tracker are available here.





For the next releases, our plan is to add a user-friendly way to setup a sw=
itch based on a local git
clone, so that it's easy to test your compiler fork with opam packages. You=
 can find the other features
we'd like to add in the future in the relevant part of the opam
roadmap.





Thanks and have fun compiling compilers!















lua_parser 1.0.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lua-parser-1-0-0/6445/1








Jason Nielsen announced





I've release lua_pars=
er which is now up on opam.  It is a
parser and pretty-printer for lua 5.2.  Actually it was developed with luaj=
it in mind which is lua 5.1
plus goto/labels (which syntactically for the purposes of parsing and prett=
y-printing is lua 5.2).















Merlin 3.4.0 : introducing external configuration readers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-me=
rlin-3-4-0-introducing-external-configuration-readers/6446/1








vds announced





I am glad to announce, on behalf of the Merlin team, the release of Merlin
3.4.0 which brings some major changes in the way configuration=
 is handled.





As you might know, Merlin reads its configuration from the closest .m=
erlin
file to the source file being edited. These files tell merlin where to find
other source files and build artifacts, but also which flags should be pass=
ed to
the compiler, which syntax extensions are enabled and which packages are us=
ed by
the project.





In this setting the configuration is the same for all the source files of a
folder, regardless of their specificities. In other words, the configuration
loaded for a single source file contains the union of the dependencies of t=
his
file and of all its siblings which is not an optimal behavior.





Starting with version 3.4.0 merlin will ship with two packages=
: merlin
and dot-merlin-reader which, as the name suggests, reads confi=
guration from
.merlin files. Both are necessary for proper function.





When a .merlin file is present in the source folder the Merlin=
 server will
start a dot-merlin-reader process and communicate with it via =
standard input
and output following a simple protocol. These processes are halted with the=
 server.





This change should not have any visible impact on users' workflows as lo=
ng as
the dot-merlin-reader binary is correctly installed and in the=
 path. (which
should be the case in opam-based setups)





This change in itself will not solve the granularity problem mentioned earl=
ier,
but it paves the way for such improvements: in a near-future Dune will stop
generating .merlin files and Merlin will obtain file-based con=
figuration
directly from the build system using the same protocol as the one used by
dot-merlin-reader.








Changelog




    

  • merlin binary

      

    • fix completion of pattern matchings with exception patterns (#1169)
      • 

    • delegate configuration reading to external programs via a simple protoc=
ol and create a new package dot-merlin-reader with a binary th=
at reads .merlin files. (#1123, #1152)
      • 

    • 

















gRPC server and client in OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/grpc-server-and-client-in-ocaml/64=
65/1








blandinw announced





TL;DR https://git=
hub.com/blandinw/ocaml-grpc-envoy/





Hey, I'm new to OCaml after writing some Clojure, C++ and Haskell in variou=
s contexts, including
working at FB (relevant below).





After browsing this forum and Reddit for a bit, the assumption seems to be =
that OCaml is not a good fit
for gRPC, since there's no pure implementation today. Now, this is somethin=
g I have experience with, so
I thought I'd try and challenge this assumption.





As you may know, services inside FB use Thrift (both the format and protoco=
l) to communicate. The
Thrift team worked primarily in C++ (for good reasons), causing support for=
 other languages to lag
behind despite their best efforts. Now, the interchange format (equivalent =
to Protobuf) does not change
very often so it's fine to have a per-language implementation, but the clie=
nt and server (equivalent to
HTTP2 + gRPC) frequently receive new features, optimizations and fixes. Aft=
er a valiant and continued
effort to support most languages used internally, the Thrift team came up w=
ith an idea. Instead of
maintaining multiple implementations and dealing with obscure FFI bugs,
~FingerprintTrustManagerFactory~s and whatnot, they would focus solely on t=
he C++ implementation and
provide a daemon to be ran alongside whatever code you were trying to run. =
You could then use simple
IPC to exchange Thrift (the format) messages with that daemon, and it would=
 handle all the nitty-gritty
of running a service at scale (load balancing, connection pooling, service =
discovery, security,
retries, timeouts, network stats, hot restarts, etc.). Needless to say, it =
worked remarkably well even
at very high scale and everybody was much happier.





I wanted to replicate this idea with OCaml and gRPC. We already have suppor=
t for protobuf thanks to the
excellent ocaml-protoc. All we need is a way to exchange proto=
buf messages reliably on the wire.
Instead of having an OCaml implementation that will have to stay up-to-date=
 and have its own set of
bugs (the official grpc/grpc-java repo has 4450 commits and 24=
00 issues at the moment), can we reuse
existing infra with already massive support and production time?





Fortunately, the people at Lyft built just that, open-sourced it and contri=
buted it to the Cloud Native
Computing Foundation in late 2017. It is called Envoy and it is bliss.





I demonstrate how to fit these pieces together at
blandinw/ocaml-gr=
pc-envoy to build a simple KV store,
including a gRPC client and server in 200 lines of OCaml code. The idea is =
to spawn an Envoy process
that will handle all gRPC communication for our OCaml code. We use HTTP/1.1=
 to exchange Protobuf
messages with it, using for example httpaf and Lwt. This solution has the added benefit that it is
highly scalable from the start, allowing you for instance to spawn one OCam=
l process per core and load
balance between them. You can also use Envoy (with proper config!) as your =
web reverse proxy instead of
say, nginx.





At the very least, this solution allows us to start writing gRPC code today=
, and gracefully evolve
towards HTTP/2, Multicore and maybe a native OCaml implementation later.





I'm curious to hear your perspective on the future of building services wit=
h OCaml, or your past
experience like what went well, what was missing, etc.











Yawar Amin asked and blandinw replied







Fantastic idea. So if I understand correctly, the only thing that Envoy (se=
rver-side) is doing is
translating the Protobuf from gRPC HTTP2 transport to HTTP1, and forwarding=
 these Protobuf objects over
HTTP1 to the OCaml server? Envoy doesn't know to know about the actual gRPC=
 schema, because it doesn't
touch the Protobuf objects themselves, right?







That's correct. Envoy is only concerned with transporting bytes (along with=
 load balancing, routing,
etc, etc). Only OCaml knows about the Protobuf schemas.





In the OCaml server case, Envoy listens for HTTP/2 gRPC requests, accesses =
the bytes payload with no
knowledge of the actual schema/layout and repackages these same bytes in a =
HTTP/1.1 request that OCaml
can process. OCaml then responds with bytes (an encoded Protobuf response m=
essage) that Envoy sends
back on the original HTTP2 connection.















Bitstring (and ppx_bitstring) 4.0.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bitstring-and-ppx-bitstr=
ing-4-0-0/6471/1








xrguerin announced








Features




    

  • Add support for let bindings introduced in 4.08
    • 

  • Switch to PPXLIB
    • 










Deprecations





As PPXLIB requires ocaml >=3D 4.04 support for earlier vers=
ions has been dropped.










Breaking changes





This release splits the library from the PPX to reduce runtime dependencies=
. Projects using the PPX
from bitstring will need to also depends on ppx_bitstring from now on.













Rudi Grinberg added





The project is hosted here=
 for those who are interested.There's
also some excellent d=
ocs















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 22 to
29, 2020.

Table of Contents
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=80

Opam-repository: security and data integrity posture
jsonoo 0.1.0
Interesting OCaml Articles
Rehabilitating Packs using Functors and Recursivity
the OCaml Software Foundation
dual 0.1.0
Old CWN


Opam-repository: security and data integrity posture
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Chas Emerick said, spawning a huge thread
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In connection with [another thread] discussing the fact that
  Bitbucket's closure of mercurial support had affected the availability
  of around 60+ projects' published versions, I learned of a number of
  facts about how the opam repository is arranged, and how it is managed
  that are concerning.

  In summary, it seems that opam / opam-repository:

  1. Never retains "published" artifacts, only links to them as provided
     by library authors.
  2. Allows very weak hashes (even md5).
  3. Allows authors to _update_ artifact URLs and hashes of previously
     "published" versions.
  4. Offers scant support for individually signing artifacts or
     metadata.

  All of these are quite dangerous. As a point of reference, the
  ecosystems I am most familiar with using prior to OCaml (JVM and
  Javascript) each had very serious documented failures and exploits
  (and many many more quiet ones) until their respective package
  managers (Maven Central et al., and npm) plugged the above
  vulnerabilities that opam-repository suffers from.

  To make things concrete, without plugging the above (and especially
  items 1-3):

  =E2=80=A2 the availability and integrity of published libraries can be
    impacted by third-party hosting services changing or going offline
    (as in the case of the Bitbucket closure)
  =E2=80=A2 the integrity of libraries can be impacted by authors
    non-maliciously publishing updates to already-released versions,
    affecting functionality, platform compatibility, build
    reproducibility, or all of the above (anecdotes of which were shared
    with me when talking about this issue earlier today)
  =E2=80=A2 the integrity of libraries can be impacted by malicious authors
    publishing updates to already-released versions
  =E2=80=A2 the integrity of libraries can be impacted by malicious non-aut=
hors
    changing the contents at tarball URLs to include changed code that
    could e.g. exfiltrate sensitive data from within the organizations
    that use those libraries. This is definitely the nuclear nightmare
    scenario, and unfortunately opam is wide open to it thanks to
    artifacts not being retained authoritatively and [essential
    community libraries] continuing to use md5 in 2020.

  Seeing that this has been well-established policy for years was
  honestly quite shocking (again, in comparison to other languages'
  package managers that have had these problems licked for a very very
  long time). I understand that opam and its repository probably have
  human-decades of work put into them, and that these topics have been
  discussed here and there (in somewhat piecemeal fashion AFAICT), so
  I'm certain I have not found (nevermind read) all of the prior art,
  but I thought it reasonable to open a thread to gauge what the
  projects' posture is in general.


[another thread]


[essential community libraries]



Hannes Mehnert replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  first of all thanks for your post raising this issue, which is
  important for me as well.

  I've been evaluating and working on improving the security of the
  opam-repository over the years, including to not use `curl =E2=80=93insec=
ure`
  (i.e. properly validate TLS certificates) - the WIP result is [conex],
  which aims at cryptographically signed community repositories without
  single points of failures (threshold signatures for delegations,
  built-in key rollover, =E2=80=A6) - feel free to read the blog posts or O=
Caml
  meeting presentations. Unfortunately it still has not enough traction
  to be deployed and mandatory for the main opam repository. Without
  cryptopgraphic signatures (and an established public key
  infrastructure), the hashes used in opam-repository and opam are more
  checksums (i.e. integrity protection) than for security. Threat models
  - I recommend to read section [1.5.2 "goals to protect against
  specific attacks"] - that's what conex above is based on and attempts
  to mitigate. I'll most likely spend some time on improving conex over
  the next year, and finally deploying it on non-toy repositories.

  In the meantime, what you're mentioning:
  1. "Never retains 'published' artifacts" <- this is not true, the
     opam.ocaml.org host serves as an artifact cache, and is used by
     opam when you use the default repository. This also means that the
     checksums and the tarballs are usually taken from the same host ->
     the one who has access there may change anything arbitrarily for
     all opam users.
  2. "Weak hashes" <- this is true, I'd appreciate if (a) opam would
     warn (configurable to error out) if a package which uses weak
     checksum algorithms, and (b) Camelus or some other CI step would
     warn when md5/sha1 are used
  3. "Authors can modify URLs and hashes" <- sometimes (when a
     repository is renamed or moved on GitHub) the GitHub auto-generated
     tarball has a different checksum. I'd appreciate to, instead of
     updating that meta-data in the opam-repository to add new
     patch-versions (1.2.3-1 etc.) with the new URL & hash - there could
     as well be a CI job / Camelus check what is allowed to be modified
     in an edit of a package (I think with the current state of the
     opam-repository, "adding upper bounds" on dependencies needs to be
     allowed, but not really anything else).
  4. I'm not sure I understand what you mean - is it about cryptographic
     signatures and setting up a public key infrastructure?


[conex] 

[1.5.2 "goals to protect against specific attacks"]



Anton Kochkov said
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=80=E2=94=80

  Closely related issue is
  ,
  since the integrity checks and verification will become even more
  important if there will be multiple mirrors in the future.


jsonoo 0.1.0
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  Archive: 


Max LANTAS announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello! I am announcing the first release of `jsonoo', a JSON library
  for Js_of_ocaml.

  
  

  This library provides a very similar API to the excellent BuckleScript
  library, [bs-json] by [glennsl]. Unlike bs-json, this port of the
  library tries to follow OCaml naming conventions and be easier to
  interface with other OCaml types like `Hashtbl.t' . This library
  passes a nearly equivalent test suite.

  This project is part of ongoing work to port [vscode-ocaml-platform]
  to Js_of_ocaml.

  Generated documentation can be found [here].


[bs-json] 

[glennsl] 

[vscode-ocaml-platform]


[here] 


Interesting OCaml Articles
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Ryan Slade announced
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  


Rehabilitating Packs using Functors and Recursivity
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Our new blogpost is about the redemption of packs in the OCaml
  ecosystem. This first part shows our work to generate functor units
  and functor packs : [Rehabilitating Packs using Functors and
  Recursivity, part 1.]

        Packs in the OCaml ecosystem are kind of an outdated
        concept (options `-pack' and `-for-pack' the OCaml manual,
        and their main utility has been overtaken by the
        introduction of module aliases in OCaml 4.02. What if we
        tried to redeem them and give them a new youth and utility
        by adding the possibility to generate functors or
        recursive packs?

        This blog post covers the functor units and functor packs,
        while the next one will be centered around recursive
        packs. Both RFCs are currently developed by JaneStreet and
        OCamlPro. This idea was initially introduced by functor
        packs (Fabrice Le Fessant) and later generalized by
        functorized namespaces (Pierrick Couderc /et al/.).


[Rehabilitating Packs using Functors and Recursivity, part 1.]



the OCaml Software Foundation
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We were all very busy during the last semester, and have been mostly
  quiet on the foundation activities, but of course our actions were
  running in the background. Some highlights:

  =E2=80=A2 Kate @kit-ty-kate Deplaix has worked on opam-repository QA for =
the
    OCaml 4.11 release, and the work and results are just as superb as
    for 4.10. We will fund Kate to work again on the upcoming 4.12
    release.

  =E2=80=A2 We are funding ongoing maintenance work on [ocaml-rs] (a port o=
f the
    OCaml FFI library from C to Rust) by its author and maintainer, Zach
    @zshipko Shipko. Zach did a big round of cleanup changes this
    summer, improving the overall design of the library and completing
    its feature set.

  =E2=80=A2 We are funding @JohnWhitington (the author of [OCaml from the V=
ery
    Beginning]) to do some technical writing work for OCaml
    documentation. His contributions so far have been very diverse, from
    a script to harmonize the documentation of List and ListLabels (and
    Array and ArrayLabels, etc.) in the standard library, to small
    cleanups and improvement to ocaml.org web pages. One focus of his
    work is the upcoming documentation page "Up and running with OCaml",
    taking complete newcomers through the basic setup, using the
    toplevel and building and running a Hello World. ([ocaml.org#1165],
    [rendered current state])

  =E2=80=A2 Two [Outreachy] internships were supervised this summer, focusi=
ng on
    the compiler codebase. Florian @Octachron Angeletti (INRIA)
    supervised an intern on adding a JSON format for some compiler
    messages (we expect PRs to be submitted soon). Vincent @vlaviron
    Laviron and Guillaume @zozozo Bury (OCamlPro) supervised an intern
    on reducing mutable state in the internal implementation.

  =E2=80=A2 Inspired by [this Discuss thread], we are funding experimental =
work
    by @sanette on the HTML rendering of the OCaml manual. This work is
    in the process of being reviewed for upstreaming in the OCaml
    compiler distribution. ([#9755].) This is a better end-result than I
    had initially expected.

  (We also had a couple non-highlights. For example, we funded a sprint
  (physical development meeting) for the [Owl] contributors, with
  Marcello @mseri Seri doing all the organization work; it was planned
  for the end of March, and had to be postponed due to the pandemic.)


[ocaml-rs] 

[OCaml from the Very Beginning] 

[ocaml.org#1165] 

[rendered current state]


[Outreachy] 

[this Discuss thread]


[#9755] 

[Owl] 


dual 0.1.0
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=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jason Nielsen announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99ve released [dual] which is now up on opam.  It is a dual numbe=
rs
  library which includes a one dimensional root finder (via Newton's
  method).


[dual] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 22 to 29, 2=
020.









Opam-repository: security and data integrity posture





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repositor=
y-security-and-data-integrity-posture/6478/1








Chas Emerick said, spawning a huge thread





In connection with another
thread
discussing the fact that Bitbucket's closure of mercurial support had affec=
ted the availability of
around 60+ projects' published versions, I learned of a number of facts abo=
ut how the opam repository
is arranged, and how it is managed that are concerning.





In summary, it seems that opam / opam-repository:




    

  1. Never retains "published" artifacts, only links to them as provided by =
library authors.
    2. 

  2. Allows very weak hashes (even md5).
    3. 

  3. Allows authors to update artifact URLs=
 and hashes of previously "published" versions.
    4. 

  4. Offers scant support for individually signing artifacts or metadata.





All of these are quite dangerous. As a point of reference, the ecosystems I=
 am most familiar with using
prior to OCaml (JVM and Javascript) each had very serious documented failur=
es and exploits (and many
many more quiet ones) until their respective package managers (Maven Centra=
l et al., and npm) plugged
the above vulnerabilities that opam-repository suffers from.





To make things concrete, without plugging the above (and especially items 1=
-3):




    

  • the availability and integrity of published libraries can be impacted b=
y third-party hosting services changing or going offline (as in the case of=
 the Bitbucket closure)
    • 

  • the integrity of libraries can be impacted by authors non-maliciously p=
ublishing updates to already-released versions, affecting functionality, pl=
atform compatibility, build reproducibility, or all of the above (anecdotes=
 of which were shared with me when talking about this issue earlier today)<=
/li>

  • the integrity of libraries can be impacted by malicious authors publish=
ing updates to already-released versions
    • 

  • the integrity of libraries can be impacted by malicious non-authors cha=
nging the contents at tarball URLs to include changed code that could e.g. =
exfiltrate sensitive data from within the organizations that use those libr=
aries. This is definitely the nuclear nightmare scenario, and unfortunately=
 opam is wide open to it thanks to artifacts not being retained authoritati=
vely and essential community libraries continuing=
 to use md5 in 2020.
    • 





Seeing that this has been well-established policy for years was honestly qu=
ite shocking (again, in
comparison to other languages' package managers that have had these problem=
s licked for a very very
long time). I understand that opam and its repository probably have human-d=
ecades of work put into
them, and that these topics have been discussed here and there (in somewhat=
 piecemeal fashion AFAICT),
so I'm certain I have not found (nevermind read) all of the prior art, but =
I thought it reasonable to
open a thread to gauge what the projects' posture is in general.











Hannes Mehnert replied





first of all thanks for your post raising this issue, which is important fo=
r me as well.





I've been evaluating and working on improving the security of the opam-repo=
sitory over the years,
including to not use `curl –insecure` (i.e. properly validate TLS ce=
rtificates) - the WIP result is
conex, which aims at crypt=
ographically signed community
repositories without single points of failures (threshold signatures for de=
legations, built-in key
rollover, …) - feel free to read the blog posts or OCaml meeting pre=
sentations. Unfortunately it
still has not enough traction to be deployed and mandatory for the main opa=
m repository. Without
cryptopgraphic signatures (and an established public key infrastructure), t=
he hashes used in
opam-repository and opam are more checksums (i.e. integrity protection) tha=
n for security. Threat
models - I recommend to read section 1.5.2 "goals to protect against specific attacks" - that's wh=
at conex above is based on and attempts to mitigate. I'll most likely spend=
 some time on
improving conex over the next year, and finally deploying it on non-toy rep=
ositories.





In the meantime, what you're mentioning:



    

  1. "Never retains 'published' artifacts" <- this is not true, the opam.=
ocaml.org host serves as an artifact cache, and is used by opam when you us=
e the default repository. This also means that the checksums and the tarbal=
ls are usually taken from the same host -> the one who has access there =
may change anything arbitrarily for all opam users.
    2. 

  2. "Weak hashes" <- this is true, I'd appreciate if (a) opam would warn=
 (configurable to error out) if a package which uses weak checksum algorith=
ms, and (b) Camelus or some other CI step would warn when md5/sha1 are used=

    3. 

  3. "Authors can modify URLs and hashes" <- sometimes (when a repository=
 is renamed or moved on GitHub) the GitHub auto-generated tarball has a dif=
ferent checksum. I'd appreciate to, instead of updating that meta-data in t=
he opam-repository to add new patch-versions (1.2.3-1 etc.) with the new UR=
L & hash - there could as well be a CI job / Camelus check what is allo=
wed to be modified in an edit of a package (I think with the current state =
of the opam-repository, "adding upper bounds" on dependencies needs to be a=
llowed, but not really anything else).
    4. 

  4. I'm not sure I understand what you mean - is it about cryptographic sig=
natures and setting up a public key infrastructure?
    5. 











Anton Kochkov said





Closely related issue is https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/how-to-setup-local-op=
am-mirror/4423, since the
integrity checks and verification will become even more important if there =
will be multiple mirrors in
the future.















jsonoo 0.1.0





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-jsonoo-0-1-0/6480/1








Max LANTAS announced





Hello! I am announcing the first release of jsonoo, a JSON lib=
rary for Js_of_ocaml.





https://github.com/mnxn/jsonoo
https://opam.ocaml.org/p=
ackages/jsonoo





This library provides a very similar API to the excellent BuckleScript libr=
ary,
bs-json by glennsl. Unlike bs-json,
this port of the library tries to follow OCaml naming conventions and be ea=
sier to interface with other
OCaml types like Hashtbl.t . This library passes a nearly equi=
valent test suite.





This project is part of ongoing work to port
vscode-ocaml=
-platform to Js_of_ocaml.





Generated documentation can be found here.




















Rehabilitating Packs using Functors and Recursivity





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rehabilitating=
-packs-using-functors-and-recursivity/6497/1








OCamlPro announced





Our new blogpost is about the redemption of packs in the OCaml ecosystem. T=
his first part shows our
work to generate functor units and functor packs : Rehabilitating Packs using Functors and
Recursivity, part
1.







Packs in the OCaml ecosystem are kind of an outdated concept (options -pack and -for-pack the
OCaml manual, and their main utility has been overtaken by the introduction=
 of module aliases in
OCaml 4.02. What if we tried to redeem them and give them a new youth and u=
tility by adding the
possibility to generate functors or recursive packs?





This blog post covers the functor units and functor packs, while the next o=
ne will be centered around
recursive packs. Both RFCs are currently developed by JaneStreet and OCamlP=
ro. This idea was
initially introduced by functor packs (Fabrice Le Fessant) and later genera=
lized by functorized
namespaces (Pierrick Couderc et al.).

















the OCaml Software Foundation





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-the-ocaml-software-foundati=
on/4476/19








gasche announced





We were all very busy during the last semester, and have been mostly quiet =
on the foundation
activities, but of course our actions were running in the background. Some =
highlights:




    

  • Kate @kit-ty-kate Deplaix has worked on opam-repository QA for the OCam=
l 4.11 release, and the work and results are just as superb as for 4.10. We=
 will fund Kate to work again on the upcoming 4.12 release.
    • 


  • We are funding ongoing maintenance work on ocaml-rs (a port of the OCaml FFI library from C t=
o Rust) by its author and maintainer, Zach @zshipko Shipko. Zach did a big =
round of cleanup changes this summer, improving the overall design of the l=
ibrary and completing its feature set.
    • 


  • We are funding @JohnWhitington (the author of OCaml from the Very Beginning) to do some technical writing w=
ork for OCaml documentation. His contributions so far have been very divers=
e, from a script to harmonize the documentation of List and ListLabels (and=
 Array and ArrayLabels, etc.) in the standard library, to small cleanups an=
d improvement to ocaml.org web pages. One focus of his work is the upcoming=
 documentation page "Up and running with OCaml", taking complete newcomers =
through the basic setup, using the toplevel and building and running a Hell=
o World. (ocaml.or=
g#1165, rendered current state<=
/a>)
    • 


  • Two Outreachy internships were su=
pervised this summer, focusing on the compiler codebase. Florian @Octachron=
 Angeletti (INRIA) supervised an intern on adding a JSON format for some co=
mpiler messages (we expect PRs to be submitted soon). Vincent @vlaviron Lav=
iron and Guillaume @zozozo Bury (OCamlPro) supervised an intern on reducing=
 mutable state in the internal implementation.
    • 


  • Inspired by this Discuss thread, we are funding experimental =
work by @sanette on the HTML rendering of the OCaml manual. This work is in=
 the process of being reviewed for upstreaming in the OCaml compiler distri=
bution. (#9755.) T=
his is a better end-result than I had initially expected.
    • 





(We also had a couple non-highlights. For example, we funded a sprint (phys=
ical development meeting)
for the Owl contributors, with M=
arcello @mseri Seri doing all the
organization work; it was planned for the end of March, and had to be postp=
oned due to the pandemic.)




















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
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Date: Tue, 06 Oct 2020 09:22:46 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 29 to October 06, 2020.









vue-jsoo 0.2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-vue-jsoo-0-2/6522/1








levillain.maxime announced





I'd like to announce the second release of vue-jsoo (vue-jsoo.0.2). A js_of_ocaml binding and helpers
to use the vue-js framework with js_of_ocaml.











Xavier Van de Woestyne added





Here is the link: https://gitlab.com/o-labs/vue-jsoo





(Congratulation!)















Rehabilitating packs using functors and recursivity, part 2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rehabilitating-packs-using-functors-and-recursivity-part-2/6525/1








OCamlPro announced





Following the publication of the first
part
of our blogpost about the redemption of packs in the OCaml ecosystem, we are pleased to share
"Rehabilitating packs using functors and recursivity, part
2."







This blog post and the previous one about functor packs covers two RFCs currently developed by
OCamlPro and Jane Street. We previously introduced functor packs, a new feature adding the possiblity
to compile packs as functors, allowing the user to implement functors as multiple source files or
even parameterized libraries.





In this blog post, we will cover the other aspect of the packs rehabilitation: allowing anyone to
implement recursive compilation units using packs (as described formally in the RFC#20). Our previous
post introduced briefly how packs were compiled and why we needed some bits of closure conversion to
effectively implement big functors. Once again, to implement recursive packs we will need to encode
modules through this technique, as such we advise the reader to check at least the introduction and
the compilation part of functor packs.

















Clap 0.1.0 (Command-Line Argument Parsing)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-clap-0-1-0-command-line-argument-parsing/6544/1








rbardou announced





I am happy to announce the first release of Clap.





Clap is a library for command-line argument parsing. Clap works by directly consuming arguments in an
imperative way. Traditionally, argument parsing in OCaml is done by first defining a specification (an
OCaml value defining the types of arguments), and then parsing from this specification. The "impure"
approach of Clap skips the need to define a specification and results in code which is quite simple in
practice, with limited boilerplate.





Clap is available as an opam package (opam install clap).





Source code, API documentation and a full commented example are available at:
https://github.com/rbardou/clap/















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
 comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 20 Oct 2020 10:15:54 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 13 to 20,
2020.

Table of Contents
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=80

Dialo is hiring frontend and backend OCaml developers (Remote)
Progress 0.1.0
Brr 0.0.1, a toolkit for programming browsers
New release of Conduit
Easy cross compilation using esy
OCaml User Survey 2020
Old CWN


Dialo is hiring frontend and backend OCaml developers (Remote)
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  Archive:
  


Wojtek Czekalski announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  [Dialo] is an early stage company with an experienced founding
  team. Assembling a team that consists of the best and brightest is our
  top priority. In the immediate term we are building a visual
  programming language for conversational AI. Our long term vision is
  that personalized contact we are enabling will cause deeper
  relationships between users and businesses and turn all interactions
  into a unified long term customer journey.

  The work is quite demanding when it comes to both ideation and
  implementation. We are aiming to provide a room for growth both
  technically and/or as a leader. For current open source maintainers we
  are willing to sponsor your work on OSS for 20% of time.

  We use OCaml for frontend and backend (along with Python for machine
  learning, natural language processing). We are hiring people for
  different positions. Both people with extensive experience and
  newcomers are encouraged to apply. We try to find the sharpest people
  rather than checking boxes with particular skills.

  The official job posting:
   We are
  also hiring for two other (related) positions:
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


[Dialo] 


Progress 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Craig Ferguson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the first release of [`Progress'], now
  available on Opam.

  

  `Progress' is a small library for quickly defining and using progress
  bars in OCaml programs. It aims to provide the following:

  =E2=80=A2 support for rendering multiple progress bars simultaneously;
  =E2=80=A2 responds dynamically to changes in terminal size;
  =E2=80=A2 allows user-defined progress bar layouts.


[`Progress'] 

Defining your own progress bars
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The example animation above uses a pre-provided progress bar layout
  that should meet many needs ([`Progress_unix.counter']), but it's
  fairly easy to re-define it ourselves using the low-level
  [`Progress.Segment'] API:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let counter filename =3D
  =E2=94=82   let proportion i =3D Int64.to_float i /. 1_000_000. in
  =E2=94=82   let open Progress in
  =E2=94=82   Segment.(
  =E2=94=82     list
  =E2=94=82       [
  =E2=94=82 	const filename;
  =E2=94=82 	Units.bytes of_pp;
  =E2=94=82 	Progress_unix.stopwatch ();
  =E2=94=82 	bar ~mode:`ASCII proportion;
  =E2=94=82 	using proportion (Units.percentage of_pp);
  =E2=94=82       ]
  =E2=94=82     |> box_winsize ~fallback:80  (* Dynamically scale to window=
 size *)
  =E2=94=82     |> periodic 100              (* Re-render once every 100 up=
dates *)
  =E2=94=82     |> accumulator Int64.add 0L  (* Accumulate progress updates=
 *))
  =E2=94=82   |> make ~init:0L
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The `Segment' combinators are similar to those of general-purpose
  pretty-printing libraries (e.g.  [`pp'] and [`fmt']), but are equipped
  with extra logic for "stateful" segments and segments that can have
  dynamic width. Together, these make for a convenient way to express
  common patterns when pretty-printing progress bars. For instance, the
  stateful segment `periodic' seen above can be used to ensure that very
  frequent updates from a hot-loop do not result in too much time spent
  re-rendering the output.

  The library is not yet feature-complete, but should still be
  reasonably useful :slightly_smiling_face: Happy hacking!


[`Progress_unix.counter']


[`Progress.Segment']


[`pp'] 

[`fmt'] 


Brr 0.0.1, a toolkit for programming browsers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'd like to announce the first release of Brr.

  The TL; DR is:
        If you are looking for a productive way to program
        browsers with js_of_ocaml but without ppx and ghost OCaml
        objects, give Brr a try.

  The details:

        Brr is a toolkit for programming browsers in OCaml with
        the [`js_of_ocaml'] compiler. It provides:
        =E2=80=A2 Interfaces to a [selection] of browser APIs.
        =E2=80=A2 Note based reactive support (optional and experimental).
        =E2=80=A2 An [OCaml console] developer tool for live interaction
          with programs running in web pages.
        =E2=80=A2 A JavaScript FFI for idiomatic OCaml programming.

        Brr is distributed under the ISC license. It depends on
        [Note] and on the `js_of_ocaml' compiler and runtime =E2=80=93 but
        not on its libraries or syntax extension.

  =E2=80=A2 Homepage: 
  =E2=80=A2 API Docs & manuals:  or
    `odig doc brr'
  =E2=80=A2 Install: `opam install brr'

  Brr is essentially what I need to be productive for browser
  programming with js_of_ocaml: an obvious FFI with JavaScript objects
  as abstract data types without OCaml object phantom types and binding
  documentation precisely linking into MDN.

  The OCaml console is the hack on the cake. In the past I often found
  it frustrating to have OCaml programs running in my webpages and be
  greeted with a JavaScript prompt in the browser dev tools.  Quite a
  bit of polishing could be done on that though. Some of which should
  likely directly be done upstream in the toplevel machinery
  (e.g. identifier completion, a better toploop API and support for easy
  pretty printer installation). It would also be nice if we could cut
  down on `js_of_ocaml''s toplevel compilation times ;=E2=80=93)

  Parts of Brr have been seriously dogfooded in the past but that new
  incarnation is largely untested for now and certain APIs might need
  adjustements. Early adopters should study actual binding coverage,
  expect glitches and little breakages in the future.

  The Note reactive functionality was also seriously used in the past
  but Note itself needs a new design round and I don't have the
  ressources to do it right now, expect breakage, don't pay too much
  attention to it for now.

  My thanks to the `js_of_ocaml' developers for the nice ocaml to
  javascript compiler and a special shootout to Hugo Heuzard for not
  getting mad at me when pinging him directly for questions.

  Happy browser compatibility bug hunting,


[`js_of_ocaml'] 

[selection]


[OCaml console]


[Note] 


gasche asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's not really released, but I'm curious about [Note] now: this is a
  new FRP library from you, the author of [React] (the FRP library for
  OCaml, not the Javascript framework of the same name).

  Would you say a few words on why you went for a different library? My
  guess would be that React depends on runtime mechanisms (weak
  pointers) that are not well-supported in Javascript-lang; but even if
  the guess is right, I'm not sure what would be the impact on the API
  or properties of the library.


[Note] 

[React] 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Would you say a few words on why you went for a different
        library?

  `Note' is the result from seeing people (and myself) struggling to use
  ~React~/FRP "correctly" over the years.

  Some of this, I largely attribute to ergonomic problems with the
  API. It's my hope for `Note' to address most of these points (one
  thing that still needs to be done is replace fix points by a simple
  lazy infinitesimal delay combinator).

  I don't think I could have made all these changes in `React' itself so
  I found it better to start a new library. Also I lost the trademark on
  the name :=E2=80=93)

  `Note' also tries to provide a much simpler implementation. `React''s
  implementation was based on the [FrTime Phd thesis]. It's quite subtle
  and involved and, as you suggested, uses weak pointer. `Note' tries to
  avoid them since those are not available in the browser (but you have
  things like [MutationObservers] which I use as gc in Brr's Note-based
  [reactive dom support]).

  However not using weak pointers has a semantic uncleanness cost whose
  impact I'm unsure yet =E2=80=93 without discipline from the programmer it=
 may
  lead to subtle and hard to track bugs when the reactive graph changes
  dynamically, which I'm a bit wary of.

  When my brain dumped `Note' I wrote a few more technical points in the
  readme you can read them [here].


[FrTime Phd thesis] 

[MutationObservers]


[reactive dom support]


[here] 


New release of Conduit
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *Conduit 3.0.0*

  Hello everyone,

  We're glad to announce the new release of [`conduit'], a framework
  that allows to _abstract_ over transfer protocols. One of its main
  advantages is allowing the implemententation of _free-dependencies_
  protocols.


[`conduit'] 

Introduction
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  There are several ways to abstract over an implementation in
  OCaml. However, those solutions are often lost deep in the stack of
  protocols and allowing the user to choose the implementations of the
  sub-procotols implies growing complexity as we move up through the
  stack. (For example, allowing to abstract over the implementation of
  the TLS protocol from the implementation of the HTTP protocol)

  One of those solutions, the _functors_, can rapidly become a hellish
  nightmare for the end-user. This is especially true in the case of
  MirageOS, which literally wants to abstract over everything!

  This is why Conduit was implemented: it aims to provide to the user a
  cleaner abstraction mechanism which would allow the protocol
  developers to get rid of most of the responsibilities concerning the
  choice of sub-protocols (Like which TLS implementation use between
  OpenSSL or our great [ocaml-tls] library), while giving the end-users
  an easy way to compose the protocols of their choice and inject them
  in the stack via conduit.


[ocaml-tls] 


Usage of Conduit
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Such a framework allows us to separate the logic of a protocol from
  underlying implementation needed to communicate with a peer. The
  distribution of Conduit comes with [a simple tutorial] which explains
  step by step how to implement a _ping-pong_ client & server and, most
  importantly, how to upgrade them with TLS.

  With Conduit, we ensure the compatibility with MirageOS (and specially
  [mirage-tcpip]) while being useful for others. Of course, Conduit is
  not mandatory to ensure this compatibility, but it helps us for
  _higher_ libraries such as [ocaml-git]/[Irmin] or [Cohttp].


[a simple tutorial]


[mirage-tcpip] 

[ocaml-git] 

[Irmin] 

[Cohttp] 


Specific improvements
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Abstract and destruct it!

  The most requested feature on the new version of Conduit is the
  ability to _destruct_ the [Conduit.flow][conduit-flow]. The ability to
  abstract the protocol comes with the _abstract_ type
  `Conduit.flow'. The new version permits to _destruct_ it to a
  well-known value (such as an UNIX socket):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let handler flow =3D match flow with
  =E2=94=82   | Conduit_lwt.TCP.T (Value file_descr) ->
  =E2=94=82     let peer =3D Lwt_unix.getpeername file_descr in
  =E2=94=82     ...
  =E2=94=82   | flow -> ... (* other kind of protocol *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let run =3D
  =E2=94=82   Cohttp_lwt_unix.serve ~handler
  =E2=94=82     { sockaddr=3D Unix.inet_addr_loopback }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


=E2=97=8A The dispatch of the protocol

  The second most interesting feature of Conduit is the full control
  over the dispatch between protocols by the end-user. From a concrete
  information such as an `Uri.t', the end-user is able to describe how
  Conduit should choose the protocol (and with which value it should try
  to initiate the connection):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let my_tls_config =3D Tls.Config.client ...
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let connect uri =3D
  =E2=94=82   let edn =3D Conduit.Endpoint.of_string
  =E2=94=82     (Uri.host_with_default ~default:"localhost" uri) in
  =E2=94=82   let resolvers =3D match Uri.scheme uri with
  =E2=94=82     | Some "https" ->
  =E2=94=82       let port =3D Option.value ~default:443 (Uri.port uri) in
  =E2=94=82       Conduit_lwt.add
  =E2=94=82 	Conduit_lwt_tls.TCP.protocol
  =E2=94=82 	(Conduit_lwt_tls.TCP.resolve ~port ~config:my_tls_config)
  =E2=94=82 	Conduit.empty
  =E2=94=82     | Some "http" | None ->
  =E2=94=82       let port =3D Option.value ~default:80 (Uri.port uri) in
  =E2=94=82       Conduit_lwt.add
  =E2=94=82 	Conduit_lwt.TCP.protocol
  =E2=94=82 	(Conduit_lwt.TCP.resolve ~port)
  =E2=94=82 	Conduit.empty in
  =E2=94=82   Conduit_lwt.resolve ~resolvers edn >>=3D fun flow ->
  =E2=94=82   ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


=E2=97=8A An explicit way to launch a server

  Conduit comes with a new API for the server-side, where everything
  becomes explicit: no dispatch, no hidden choice. It proposes now a
  simple function to start the usual server loop:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let run handler =3D
  =E2=94=82   Conduit_lwt.serve ~handler
  =E2=94=82     Conduit_lwt.TCP.service
  =E2=94=82     { Conduit_lwt.TCP.sockaddr=3D Unix.(ADDR_INET (inet_addr_lo=
opback, 8080)
  =E2=94=82     ; capacity=3D 40 }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Reverse-dependencies
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Conduit is used by many libraries (~150 packages) and we spend 2
  months to track this breaking-change.  Currently, it's mostly about
  [Cohttp] and [Irmin] and both have a PR according the new version of
  Conduit. These packages will be released as soon as we can with the
  new version of Conduit.


[Cohttp] 

[Irmin] 


Conclusion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Conduit is a piece required by many libraries but nobody really uses
  it. This new version wants to replace and redefine more concretely
  what Conduit is. The update is [huge] for us but small for people
  where we tried to keep the same global idea of the abstraction.

  I would like to thank many people (MirageOS core team, Cohttp peoples,
  some not so famous guys of the Reason/OCaml eco-system) who followed
  us on this deep development (and tried and iterated on our
  version). It does not change too much our world, but it paves the way
  for a better MirageOS/OCaml eco-system.

  As a french guy, I just would like to say: Conduit est mort, Vive
  Conduit!


[huge] 


Easy cross compilation using esy
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


EduardoRFS announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've been working on this for a couple of months now, and now it is
  ready for an initial announcement of my tools to cross compiling OCaml
  and ReasonML Native.

  


What it can do
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Out of box it can cross compile most dune and topkg, packages
  available on opam for a couple of platforms, there is also patches for
  popular packages.

  You can also compile opam packages by making an wrapper, like

  


Limitations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Your package should build with OCaml 4.10, and all the packages that
  are built for the `host' will also be build for the `target', so
  sometimes you need to fix a package that you will not use directly.

  Some packages you will need to pin to a `dune-universe' fork version


How to use it
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ## compile your project
  =E2=94=82 esy
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ## generate the wrapper
  =E2=94=82 esy add -D generate@EduardoRFS/reason-mobile:generate.json
  =E2=94=82 esy generate android.arm64
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ## build for android.arm64
  =E2=94=82 esy @android.arm64
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Platforms
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

  All of the following are tested from Linux and macOS, but I would
  suppose that FreeBSD should be also working as a build system.

  =E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=
=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=
=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81
   Targets=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
  =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
   android.arm64=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
   android.x86_64=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
   ios.arm64=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
   ios.simulator.x86_64=20
   linux.musl.arm64=20=20=20=20=20
   linux.musl.x86_64=20=20=20=20
  =E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=
=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=
=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81


What I tested
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In the past I was able to build `Revery' the UI framework for
  `Android' and `iOS'

  But recently I did compile `esy' the package manager itself for all of
  the following platforms above from an `Arch Linux x86_64' and `macOS
  Catalina x86_64'. Including `iOS', with the right version of OCaml it
  will run inside of the new `macOS ARM64' and inside of a jailbroken
  iPhone.


OCaml User Survey 2020
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are happy to announce the [OCaml User Survey 2020]. We are trying
  to get a better picture of the OCaml community and its needs. It would
  be very useful if you could fill the survey (10-15 minutes), and share
  it widely with other OCaml programmers!

  The survey is run by the [OCaml Software Foundation]. Thanks in
  particular to our sponsors OCamlPro (@MuSSF) for preparing many of the
  questions, Jane Street (@Yaron_Minsky) for excellent feedback, and to
  Kim @K_N Nguy=E1=BB=85n for his technical help.

  This is our first year running the survey, we hope to continue in
  following years. There are many things to improve; please feel free to
  give us feedback! (There is a feedback question at the end of the
  survey, or you can post here, or send me a message/email.)

  The survey was inspired by programming-language surveys ran by other
  communities. See for example past survey results for [Go], [Haskell],
  [Rust], and [Scala].


[OCaml User Survey 2020] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[Go] 

[Haskell] 

[Rust] 

[Scala] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 13 to 20, 202=
0.









Dialo is hiring frontend and backend OCaml developers (Remote)=






Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dialo=
-is-hiring-frontend-and-backend-ocaml-developers-remote/6604/1








Wojtek Czekalski announced





Dialo is an early stage company with an ex=
perienced founding team. Assembling a
team that consists of the best and brightest is our top priority. In the im=
mediate term we are building
a visual programming language for conversational AI. Our long term vision i=
s that personalized contact
we are enabling will cause deeper relationships between users and businesse=
s and turn all interactions
into a unified long term customer journey.





The work is quite demanding when it comes to both ideation and implementati=
on. We are aiming to provide
a room for growth both technically and/or as a leader. For current open sou=
rce maintainers we are
willing to sponsor your work on OSS for 20% of time.





We use OCaml for frontend and backend (along with Python for machine learni=
ng, natural language
processing). We are hiring people for different positions. Both people with=
 extensive experience and
newcomers are encouraged to apply. We try to find the sharpest people rathe=
r than checking boxes with
particular skills.





The official job posting:
ht=
tps://dialo.recruitee.com/o/software-developer-ocamlreason
We are also hiring for two other (related) positions:
















Progress 0.1.0





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-progress-0-1-0/6607/1








Craig Ferguson announced





I'm pleased to announce the first release of Progress, now
available on Opam.
















Progress is a small library for quickly defining and using pro=
gress bars in OCaml programs. It aims
to provide the following:




    

  • support for rendering multiple progress bars simultaneously;
    • 

  • responds dynamically to changes in terminal size;
    • 

  • allows user-defined progress bar layouts.
    • 








Defining your own progress bars





The example animation above uses a pre-provided progress bar layout that sh=
ould meet many needs
(Progress_unix.counter),
but it's fairly easy to re-define it ourselves using the low-level
Progress.Segment API:






let counter filename =3D
  let proportion i =3D Int64.to_float i /. 1_000_0=
00. in
  let open Progress in
  Segment.(
    list
      [
        const filename;
        Units.bytes of_pp;
        Progress_unix.stopwatch ();
        bar ~mode:`ASCII proportion;
        using proportion (Units.perc=
entage of_pp);
      ]
    |> box_winsize ~fallback:80  (* <=
/span>Dynamically scale to window size *)
    |> periodic 100              =
(* R=
e-render once every 100 updates *)
    |> accumulator Int64.add 0L  (* <=
/span>Accumulate progress updates *))
  |> make ~init:0L







The Segment combinators are similar to those of general-purpos=
e pretty-printing libraries (e.g.
pp and fmt), but are
equipped with extra logic for "stateful" segments and segments that can hav=
e dynamic width. Together,
these make for a convenient way to express common patterns when pretty-prin=
ting progress bars. For
instance, the stateful segment periodic seen above can be used=
 to ensure that very frequent updates
from a hot-loop do not result in too much time spent re-rendering the outpu=
t.





The library is not yet feature-complete, but should still be reasonably use=
ful :slightly_smiling_face:
Happy hacking!

















Brr 0.0.1, a toolkit for programming browsers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-brr-0-0-1-a-t=
oolkit-for-programming-browsers/6608/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





I'd like to announce the first release of Brr.





The TL; DR is:






If you are looking for a productive way to program browsers with js_of_ocam=
l but without ppx and
ghost OCaml objects, give Brr a try.







The details:







Brr is a toolkit for programming browsers in OCaml with the js_of_ocaml compiler. It prov=
ides:



    

  • Interfaces to a selection of browser APIs.
    • 

  • Note based reactive support (optional and experimental).
    • 

  • An OCaml console developer tool for live interaction with programs runnin=
g in web pages.
    • 

  • A JavaScript FFI for idiomatic OCaml programming.
    • 





Brr is distributed under the ISC license. It depends on Note and on the js_of_ocaml
compiler and runtime =E2=80=93 but not on its libraries or syntax extension.









Brr is essentially what I need to be productive for browser programming wit=
h js_of_ocaml: an obvious
FFI with JavaScript objects as abstract data types without OCaml object pha=
ntom types and binding
documentation precisely linking into MDN.





The OCaml console is the hack on the cake. In the past I often found it fru=
strating to  have OCaml
programs running in my webpages and be greeted with a JavaScript  prompt in=
 the browser dev tools.
Quite a bit of polishing could be done on that  though. Some of which shoul=
d likely directly be done
upstream in the toplevel  machinery (e.g. identifier completion, a better t=
oploop API and support for
easy pretty printer installation). It would also be nice if we could cut do=
wn on js_of_ocaml's
toplevel compilation times ;–)





Parts of Brr have been seriously dogfooded in the past but that new incarna=
tion is largely untested for
now and certain APIs might need adjustements. Early adopters should study a=
ctual binding coverage,
expect glitches and little breakages in the future.





The Note reactive functionality was also seriously used in the past but Not=
e itself needs a new design
round and I don't have the ressources to do it right now, expect breakage, =
don't pay too much attention
to it for now.





My thanks to the js_of_ocaml developers for the nice ocaml to =
javascript compiler and a special
shootout to Hugo Heuzard for not getting mad at me when pinging him directl=
y for questions.





Happy browser compatibility bug hunting,











gasche asked





It's not really released, but I'm curious about Note now: this is
a new FRP library from you, the author of React (the FRP library
for OCaml, not the Javascript framework of the same name).





Would you say a few words on why you went for a different library? My guess=
 would be that React depends
on runtime mechanisms (weak pointers) that are not well-supported in Javasc=
ript-lang; but even if the
guess is right, I'm not sure what would be the impact on the API or propert=
ies of the library.











Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied







Would you say a few words on why you went for a different library?







Note is the result from seeing people (and myself) struggling =
to use ~React~/FRP "correctly" over the
years.





Some of this, I largely attribute to ergonomic problems with the API. It's =
my hope for Note to
address most of these points (one thing that still needs to be done is repl=
ace fix points by a simple
lazy infinitesimal delay combinator).





I don't think I could have made all these changes in React its=
elf so I found it better to start a new
library. Also I lost the trademark on the name :–)





Note also tries to provide a much simpler implementation. React's implementation was based on the
FrTime Phd thesi=
s. It's quite subtle and involved
and, as you suggested, uses weak pointer. Note tries to avoid =
them since those are not available in
the browser (but you have things like
MutationObservers which I use as
gc in Brr's Note-based reactive dom
support).





However not using weak pointers has a semantic uncleanness cost whose impac=
t I'm unsure yet =E2=80=93 without
discipline from the programmer it may lead to subtle and hard to track bugs=
 when the reactive graph
changes dynamically, which I'm a bit wary of.





When my brain dumped Note I wrote a few more technical points =
in the readme you can read them
here.















New release of Conduit





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-conduit/6611/1








Calascibetta Romain announced





Conduit 3.0.0





Hello everyone,





We're glad to announce the new release of conduit, a framework  that allows to abstract
over transfer protocols. One of its main advantages  is allowing the implem=
ententation of
free-dependencies protocols.








Introduction





There are several ways to abstract over an implementation in OCaml. However=
, those solutions are often
lost deep in the stack of protocols and allowing the user to choose the imp=
lementations of the
sub-procotols implies growing complexity as we move up through the stack. (=
For example, allowing to
abstract over the implementation of the TLS protocol from the implementatio=
n of the HTTP protocol)





One of those solutions, the functors, can =
rapidly become a hellish nightmare for the end-user. This
is especially true in the case of MirageOS, which literally wants to abstra=
ct over everything!





This is why Conduit was implemented: it aims to provide to the user a clean=
er abstraction mechanism
which would allow the protocol developers to get rid of most of the respons=
ibilities concerning the
choice of sub-protocols (Like which TLS implementation use between OpenSSL =
or our great
ocaml-tls library), wh=
ile giving the end-users an easy way to compose the protocols of
their choice and inject them in the stack via conduit.










Usage of Conduit





Such a framework allows us to separate the logic of a protocol from underly=
ing implementation needed to
communicate with a peer. The distribution of Conduit comes with a simple tutoria=
l which
explains step by step how to implement a ping-pon=
g client & server and, most importantly, how to
upgrade them with TLS.





With Conduit, we ensure the compatibility with MirageOS (and specially mirage-tcpip)
while being useful for others. Of course, Conduit is not mandatory to ensur=
e this compatibility, but it
helps us for higher libraries such as ocaml-git/Irmin or Cohttp.










Specific improvements






    

  • Abstract and destruct it!
    

    

    
The most requested feature on the new version of Conduit is the ability to =
destruct the
[Conduit.flow][conduit-flow]. The ability to abstract the protocol comes wi=
th the abstract type
Conduit.flow. The new version permits to destruct it to a well-known value (such as an UNIX
socket):

    


    

    let handler flow =3D match<=
/span> flow with
  | Conduit_lwt.TCP.T (Value file_descr) ->
    let peer =3D Lwt_=
unix.getpeername file_descr in
    ...
  | flow -> ... (* other kind of protocol *)

let run =3D
  Cohttp_lwt_unix.serve ~handler
    { sockaddr=3D Unix.inet_addr_loo=
pback }

    

    

    

    • 


  • The dispatch of the protocol
    

    

    
The second most interesting feature of Conduit is the full control over the=
 dispatch between protocols
by the end-user. From a concrete information such as an Uri.t,=
 the end-user is able to describe how
Conduit should choose the protocol (and with which value it should try to i=
nitiate the connection):

    


    

    let my_tls_config =3D Tls.Config.client ...

let connect uri =3D
  let edn =3D Conduit=
.Endpoint.of_string
    (Uri.host_with_default ~default:"loc=
alhost" uri) in
  let resolvers =3D m=
atch Uri.scheme uri with
    | Some "https" ->
      let port =3D Op=
tion.value ~default:443 (Uri.port uri) in
      Conduit_lwt.add
        Conduit_lwt_tls.TCP.protocol
        (Conduit_lwt_tls.TCP.resolve=
 ~port ~config:my_tls_config)
        Conduit.empty
    | Some "http" | None ->
      let port =3D Op=
tion.value ~default:80 (Uri.port uri) in
      Conduit_lwt.add
        Conduit_lwt.TCP.protocol
        (Conduit_lwt.TCP.resolve ~po=
rt)
        Conduit.empty in
  Conduit_lwt.resolve ~resolvers edn=
 >>=3D fun flow ->
  ...

    

    

    

    • 


  • An explicit way to launch a server
    

    

    
Conduit comes with a new API for the server-side, where everything becomes =
explicit: no dispatch, no
hidden choice. It proposes now a simple function to start the usual server =
loop:

    


    

    let run handler =3D
  Conduit_lwt.serve ~handler
    Conduit_lwt.TCP.service
    { Conduit_lwt.TCP.sockaddr=3D Unix.(ADDR_INET (inet_addr_loopback, 8080)
    ; capacity=3D 40 }

    

    

    

    • 








Reverse-dependencies





Conduit is used by many libraries (~150 packages) and we spend 2 months to =
track this breaking-change.
Currently, it's mostly about Cohttp and Irmin a=
nd both have a PR according the new
version of Conduit. These packages will be released as soon as we can with =
the new version of Conduit.










Conclusion





Conduit is a piece required by many libraries but nobody really uses it. Th=
is new version wants to
replace and redefine more concretely what Conduit is. The update is huge for us but s=
mall
for people where we tried to keep the same global idea of the abstraction.





I would like to thank many people (MirageOS core team, Cohttp peoples, some=
 not so famous guys of the
Reason/OCaml eco-system) who followed us on this deep development (and trie=
d and iterated on our
version). It does not change too much our world, but it paves the way for a=
 better MirageOS/OCaml
eco-system.





As a french guy, I just would like to say: Conduit est mort, Vive Conduit!

















Easy cross compilation using esy





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-easy-cross-compilation-us=
ing-esy/6612/1








EduardoRFS announced





I've been working on this for a couple of months now, and now it is ready f=
or an initial announcement
of my tools to cross compiling OCaml and ReasonML Native.





https://github.com/=
EduardoRFS/reason-mobile








What it can do





Out of box it can cross compile most dune and topkg, packages available on =
opam for a couple of
platforms, there is also patches for popular packages.





You can also compile opam packages by making an wrapper, like





https://g=
ithub.com/mirage/mirage-crypto/pull/84/files










Limitations





Your package should build with OCaml 4.10, and all the packages that are bu=
ilt for the host will also
be build for the target, so sometimes you need to fix a packag=
e that you will not use directly.





Some packages you will need to pin to a dune-universe fork ver=
sion










How to use it






## compile your project
esy

## g=
enerate the wrapper
esy add -D generate@EduardoRFS/reason-mobile:generate.json
esy generate android.arm64

## b=
uild for android.arm64
esy @android.arm64












Platforms





All of the following are tested from Linux and macOS, but I would suppose t=
hat FreeBSD should be also
working as a build system.













Targets






android.arm64





android.x86_64





ios.arm64





ios.simulator.x86_64





linux.musl.arm64





linux.musl.x86_64













What I tested





In the past I was able to build Revery the UI framework for Android and iOS





But recently I did compile esy the package manager itself for =
all of the following platforms above
from an Arch Linux x86_64 and macOS Catalina x86_64. Including iOS, with the right version of
OCaml it will run inside of the new macOS ARM64 and inside of =
a jailbroken iPhone.

















OCaml User Survey 2020





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-user-survey-2020/6624/1








gasche announced





We are happy to announce the OCaml User Survey 2020. We are trying to get a better picture of the
OCaml community and its needs. It would be very useful if you could fill th=
e survey (10-15 minutes),
and share it widely with other OCaml programmers!





The survey is run by the OCaml Software F=
oundation. Thanks in particular to
our sponsors OCamlPro (@MuSSF) for preparing many of the questions, Jane St=
reet (@Yaron_Minsky) for
excellent feedback, and to Kim @K_N Nguy=E1=BB=85n for his technical help.





This is our first year running the survey, we hope to continue in following=
 years. There are many
things to improve; please feel free to give us feedback! (There is a feedba=
ck question at the end of
the survey, or you can post here, or send me a message/email.)





The survey was inspired by programming-language surveys ran by other commun=
ities. See for example past
survey results for G=
o, Haskell, Rust, and Scala.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
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Date: Tue, 27 Oct 2020 09:43:50 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 20 to 27, 202=
0.









Bisect_ppx, the coverage tool, now has excellent integration w=
ith Dune





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/bisect-ppx-the-coverage-tool-now-has-excellent-integration-with-dune/663=
4/1








Anton Bachin announced





Bisect_ppx, th=
e coverage tool, has just had its 2.5.0 release, in which the
main addition is a very neat integration with Dune:






dune runtest --instrument-with bisect_ppx --fo=
rce







This uses the new instrumentation support added=
 in Dune 2.7.0, and is a considerable
improvement over the dubious methods Bisect and its users were previously f=
orced to rely on :)





It is no longer necessary to edit dune files for a release, as=
 Bisect only becomes a dependency of
your project when --instrument-with bisect_ppx is supplied on =
the Dune command line, which is only
during development and in CI. This makes projects ready for release from an=
y commit. Dune also now
knows to rebuild affected files when instrumentation is turned on or off, s=
o you don't have to manually
run dune clean in between. Everything just works the way it sh=
ould.





See the updated inst=
ructions for all the details on how to use this integration.





I've also adapted Lambda =
Soup as a simple full-project example. See its
opam,
dune-project,
dune,
and
Makefile.





Bisect_ppx still supports all the older integrations, so if you have an exi=
sting setup, you don't have
to edit it. Support may eventually be removed in the future, however, so I =
encourage users to gradually
update.





See the full changelog for information on bugs fixed by the release.





Thanks to the Dune team for adding --instrument-with, to @undu=
 for supporting it on the Bisect side,
and to all the Bisect_ppx users and contributors!





Happy testing!







3D"1911adc6af89=







https://github.com/aantro=
n/bisect_ppx















Js_of_ocaml in the VSCode OCaml Platform





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/js-of-ocaml-in-the-vscode=
-ocaml-platform/6635/1








Max LANTAS announced





I just finished a write-up about
vscode-ocam=
l-platform's recent transition to
Js_of_ocaml:
https://mnxn.git=
hub.io/blog/ocaml/vscode-jsoo/





I can answer any questions here.





This is also my first technical blog post, so any constructive criticism or=
 comments about my writing
would be very helpful.















Training Sessions for "Fast Track to OCaml" and "Expert OCaml"=
 in Paris (23-26 November 2020)





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2020-10/msg00018.html=









Laur=C3=A8ne Gibaud announced





At OCamlPro, we will be organizing 2 cross-company training sessions in Fre=
nch. Both sessions
interleave theory and practice. You'll have time to ask your specific quest=
ions and get personalized
feedback on your programs.




    

  • Our Beginner session will allow developers to build upon their experien=
ce of other programming languages (such as C, C++, Python, C# or Java) to p=
rogram confidently in OCaml. Feel free to share the info with your coworker=
s or your network!
    • 

  • Our =E2=80=9CExpert OCaml=E2=80=9D training will allow you to master OC=
aml=E2=80=99s advanced features such as its type-system, OCaml=E2=80=99s op=
en source tools and libraries, and how to write compact and efficient code.=

    • 





More info on the program and prerequisites on http://www.ocamlpro.com/training-ocamlpro/ or=
 ask away
(answer this email or write at contact@ocamlpro.com).





When? The Beginner session is scheduled for November 23-24, 2020. The Exper=
t session will be on
November 25-26, 2020.





Where? Paris 14, in OCamlPro's office.





How? Register on:
https://www.ocamlpro.com/pre-inscription-a-une-sess=
ion-de-formation-inter-entreprises/





We can also organize custom and on-site sessions upon request.















Set up OCaml 1.1.2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-2/6643/1








Sora Morimoto announced





This release contains these changes:




    

  • Add the Cygwin setup to a known location for later steps
    • 

  • Check if the switch exists before creating the switch
    • 





https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.2















Set up OCaml 1.1.3





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-3/6644/1








Sora Morimoto announced





This release contains these changes:







https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.3















First release of FSML





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-fsml/6645/1








jserot announced





This is to announce the first public release of FSML, an OCaml library for =
describing and describing
synchronous finite state machines.





FSML is a simplified version of the library provided in the Rfsm
package for which




    

  • the system is composed of a single FSM
    • 


  • this FSM has a single, implicit, triggering event (typically called the=
  clock , hence the term synchronous  used in the description=
)
    • 





The FSML library provides




    

  • a type  Fsm.t  for describing FSMs

      

    • possibly having  local variables
      • 

    • for which  transitions , implicitely triggered by a clock, are d=
efined by a set of  boolean guards  and a set of  actions
      • 

    • 


  • a set of PPX extensions for building values of type  Fsm.t=

    • 


  • functions for producing and viewing graphical representations of FSMs i=
n the  .dot format
    • 


  • functions for saving and reading FSM representations in files using the=
 JSON format
    • 


  • functions for performing single or multi-step simulations of FSMs and g=
enerating trace files in the .vcd  format to be viewed by VCD =
viewers such as gtkwave
    • 


  • functions for generating C or VHDL code from a FSM representation (for =
 integration into existing
    • 




code and/or simulation)





FSML is available from Github or as an OPAM
package.















Qrc 0.1.0, a QR code encoder





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qrc-0-1-0-a-qr-code-encoder/66=
47/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





QR codes are unsightly =E2=80=93 a mirror of their specification. But they =
enable all sorts of neat tricks now
that scanners for them are in many pockets.





Qrc generate them:







Qrc encodes your data into QR codes. It has built-in QR matrix
renderers for SVG, ANSI terminal and text.





Qrc is distributed under the ISC license. It has no dependencies.







Homepage: https://erratique.c=
h/software/qrc

API docs: https://errati=
que.ch/software/qrc/doc/  or odig doc qrc

Install: opam install qrc















cumulus 0.0.1





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cumulus-0-0-1/6655/1








Petter A. Urkedal announced





I would like to announce a new FRP library built on the React library.  The=
 purpose of
cumulus is to h=
elp organize code which work on
differential updates.  The main type is the cumulus signal, which is=
 analogous to a react signal,
except that information about the difference from the previous value is pro=
vided to consumers along
with the new value, when the cumulus signal changes.





So, why does a cumulus signal provide both the state and the difference to =
downstream signals?  That
is, what is the difference between the following:?





type t1 =3D state * chan=
ge React.E     initial value and even of chang=
es *)
type t2 =3D (state, change) Cumulus.t  (* the cumulus signal *)






The former type presumes that after the consumer has received the initial s=
tate, it will only need to
know what changes on successive updates.  This seems quite natural.  It wor=
ks well if, for instance, we
want to reconstruct a signal holding a set of strings, given an initial set=
 and a series of additions
and removals:





module String_set =3D Set.Make (String)

type 'a set_patch =3D [`Add o=
f string | of string]
type 'a update =3D 'a -> 'a

let patch_string_set : string set_patch -> String_se=
t.t update =3D function
 | `Add x=
 -> String_set.add x
 | `Remove x -> String_set.remove x

let integrate_strings (init, changes) =3D
  React.E.fold (fun l p -> patch_string_set p l) init changes






But what if we want to maintain a signal holding the intersection of two se=
ts of strings?  If we try to
lift the intersection operation to work on patches, we discover that learni=
ng about the addition of an
element to left-hand set is not sufficient to determine whether the element=
 shall the added to the
resulting set; we also need to know whether the element is a member of the =
right-hand set.  So, in this
case we would instead use cumulus signals:





let cu : (String_set.=
t, string set_patch) Cumulus.t =
=3D ...
let cv : (String_set.t, string set_patch) Cumulus.t =3D ...
let cuv =3D
  let init u <=
span style=3D"color: #a0522d;">v =3D String_set.inter u v in
  let patch (u=
, du) (v, dv) r' =3D
    (match du, dv with
     | None, Some =
x when String_set.mem x u ->
        Cumulus.Patch (String_set.add x r', `Add1 x)
     ...)
  in
  Cumulus.l2 ~init ~patch cu cv






For the complete example, using integers instead of strings, see reactiveData library which deals with (linear) patching of
containers.





I must also mention that there there is an OCaml project with the same name (except casing). Sorry
for not checking thoroughly in advance. I hope it is not an issue in practi=
se, otherwise there is still
time to rename while the library is fresh.















Brr 0.0.1, a toolkit for programming browsers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-brr-0-0-1-a-t=
oolkit-for-programming-browsers/6608/5








Continuing this thread, Yoann Padioleau asked Daniel =
B=C3=BCnzli replied







What are the differences with the default bindings provided in js_of_ocaml =
to the browser APIs (e.g.,
js.mli, dom.mli, etc.)?







I'm not sure exactly what you are asking but:




    

  1. If you are asking about the way API are exposed: brr does =
not type JavaScript's objects as phantom types. It simply relies on OCaml's=
 abstract data types and plain functions. More about this can be found in b=
rr's FFI =
manual and FFI cookbook.
    2. 

  2. If you are asking about binding coverage, you should be able to get a s=
ense of what is bound in brr here.
    3. 





Regarding 2. brr's coverage of more recent browser APIs is bro=
ader and more consistent than in
js_of_ocaml =E2=80=93 Promise support, Fetch, Service workers,=
 Media capture APIs, WebGL2, Webcrypto,
WebAudio, etc. Conversly older APIs supported in js_of_ocaml m=
ay not supported in brr (e.g.
XMLHTTPRequest). Besides brr's coverage of some of the DOM =
element-specific interfaces may be
shallower than in js_of_ocaml. There is however good coverage =
for the
HTMLMediaElement,
HTMLCanvasElement,
HTMLFormElement and
=
HTMLInputElement interfaces. For
the rest the attribute and property
API and the occasional trivial
FFI method binding should be able to get you a long way.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
 comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 03 Nov 2020 16:15:46 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 27 to
November 03, 2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Brr 0.0.1, a toolkit for programming browsers
New release of Monolith (20201026)
MirageOS 3.9.0 released
An AST typing problem
erlang 0.0.14, a toolkit to manipulate Erlang sources
opam-bin.1.0.0: binary packages for opam
Interesting OCaml Articles
Old CWN


Brr 0.0.1, a toolkit for programming browsers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Daniel B=C3=BCnzli said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  One thing I forgot, is that there is a [todomvc] example in the repo,
  see `todomvc.{html,ml}' in [this directory].

  It doesn't use the UI toolkit you mentioned, just the basic reactive
  DOM support provided by [`Brr_note'] and [`Brr_note_kit']. But you can
  see how quickly you get reusable and composable components like
  [`bool_editor'] and [`string_editor'].

  The program structure in that example is quite similar to the one I
  had in the drawing app. You define a purely functional, non reactive
  [data model], [actions] over the data model, create small UI fragments
  that renders parts of your data model and generate actions events for
  it, gradually glue them together using note combinators and finally
  define a [fixed point signal] that holds the data model as massaged by
  the actions events of your UI (as mentioned I'd like to replace fix
  points by direct `let rec' and a lazy infinitesimal delay combinator).

  There are a few pitfalls like you should avoid retaining parts of your
  data model in the UI otherwise you could get outdated data come back
  in your model (makes for very fun and spooky bugs though).  Identity
  in the data model is also a bit tricky, it seems in todomvc I [used]
  `=3D=3D'. That didn't work in the drawing app where my surfaces had
  properties that could be updated but they could also be linked
  toghether (that window belongs to that wall etc.) so I needed stable
  identifiers for which I introduced a little abstraction to identify
  values and define relations between them.

  One thing I remember fondly when doing the drawing app is that I would
  still get the odd interaction glitches you get when coding direct
  mouse manipulation interactions (surface
  definition/selection/move/transform) however thanks to the ability to
  denotationally reason and act (left leaning [`E.select']) on the
  simultaneity of events, they were easy to understand and fix in an
  explicit way (that is via a defining *expression*).

  Also if you get into [`Note'] the denotational semantics notation is
  not yet explained there, refer to the [one of react] it's the same.


[todomvc] 

[this directory] 

[`Brr_note'] 

[`Brr_note_kit']


[`bool_editor']


[`string_editor']


[data model]


[actions]


[fixed point signal]


[used]


[`E.select']


[`Note'] 

[one of react]



Yoann Padioleau asked and Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        How hard would it be to build on top of Brr_note something
        like an Elm Architecture-style toolkit? I know there's a
        TEA-Bucklescript library, but I'd rather use something
        relying on dune/jsoo.

        I've read somewhere else that you were a bit skeptical
        about the advantage of MVU (movel-view-update) over MVC,
        but I personnaly find the counter UI example in ELM at
         far
        simpler than the corresponding one in Brr at
        

  I don't know. I didn't look into MVU too much, but to me it's largely
  a remix of MVC =E2=80=93 despite what its proponents try to tell you. Sin=
ce we
  now live in an age of software adverstising it's a bit hard to get
  frank assessments.

  As far as I'm concerned the compositionality story of MVU doesn't look
  great. Basically it enforces state machines on you, and composing
  state machines is a bit meh. In FRP state machines become signals (via
  `S.accum') which are highly composable entities with *fine
  granularity* (and bonus point, a well defined denotational semantics
  for equational reasoning).

  If you are looking for MVU I think you can simply jump on [LexiFI's
  vdom]. But when I see how you get to [compose two models] in that
  paradigm, I'm not convinced.

        There=E2=80=99s no need for those E.select. The UI is IMHO more
        declarative in ELM.

  That example could be rewritten (I didn't write the examples in this
  repo) to be more like the ELM one in it's declarations.

  But I think the ELM example is also more rigid. You may not like that
  `E.select' on this toy example, but you may get to enjoy it you when
  you start composing larger systems from smaller components.


[LexiFI's vdom] 

[compose two models]



Yaron Minsky then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You might be interested in Bonsai! At some level, you can think of it
  as a library for building composable state machines. It uses
  [Incremental] as its engine for incrementalizing the computation of
  views, with a virtual-dom implementation underneath.

  

  It's the primary tool we use for building UIs inside of Jane Street.

  In some ways, Bonsai is like Elm, but it has its own interesting
  ideas. Some of the concepts are borrowed from this paper:

  

  though I won't pretend to understand this paper myself!

  Bonsai doesn't yet have enough public-facing documentation, and really
  the bleeding edge version on github is considerably better and more
  usable than the one released into opam. But there's at least one
  public-facing UI that's built with it, if you want a real-world
  example.

  


[Incremental] 


Yoann Padioleau replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thx for the links!

  The memtrace viewer example is pretty cool, but Bonsai looks far more
  complicated than ELM.  If you look at the counter example (the hello
  world of UI), here:
  

  and you compare it to the one in ocaml-vdom (thx @dbuenzli for the
  link) at
  

  there's a huge difference in simplicity.


Ty Overby then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi Aryx, I wrote the Bonsai example that you linked, and it certainly
  isn't the most concise, but that's because it was built for a tutorial
  on building small components (one counter is a single component), how
  to use more advanced combinators (Bonsai.assoc), and how to move data
  from one component to another (the add_counter_component into the
  associated counters component.)  I think it's a great example of the
  power of structuring an UI as a DAG rather than a tree, but it
  definitely doesn't make for the most concise code!

  In the example, the comments that look like "CODE_EXCERPT_BEGIN" are
  actually preprocessor definitions that are used in the (honestly,
  kinda out of date) [tutorial here].  A bonsai app that wasn't written
  for such a tutorial would look more like [this].


[tutorial here]


[this]



New release of Monolith (20201026)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce a major new release of Monolith.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update && opam install monolith
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Monolith offers facilities for testing an OCaml library (for instance,
  a data structure implementation) by comparing it against a reference
  implementation. It can be used to perform either random testing or
  fuzz testing. Fuzz testing relies on the external tool afl-fuzz.

  More information on Monolith is available [here] and in the draft
  paper [Strong Automated Testing of OCaml Libraries].


[here] 

[Strong Automated Testing of OCaml Libraries]



MirageOS 3.9.0 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Martin Lucina announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are pleased to announce the release of MirageOS 3.9.0.

  Our last release announcement was for [MirageOS 3.6.0], so we will
  also cover changes since 3.7.x and 3.8.x in this announcement.

  New features:

  =E2=80=A2 The Xen backend has been [re-written from scratch] to be based =
on
    Solo5, and now supports PVHv2 on Xen 4.10 or higher, and QubesOS
    4.0.
  =E2=80=A2 As part of this re-write, the existing Mini-OS based implementa=
tion
    has been retired, and all non-UNIX backends now use a unified OCaml
    runtime based on `ocaml-freestanding'.
  =E2=80=A2 OCaml runtime settings settable via the `OCAMLRUNPARAM' environ=
ment
    variable are now exposed as unikernel boot parameters. For details,
    refer to [#1180].

  Security posture improvements:

  =E2=80=A2 With the move to a unified Solo5 and ocaml-freestanding base
    MirageOS unikernels on Xen gain several notable improvements to
    their overall security posture such as SSP for all C code, W^X, and
    malloc heap canaries. For details, refer to the mirage-xen 6.0.0
    release [announcement].

  API breaking changes:

  =E2=80=A2 Several Xen-specific APIs have been removed or replaced, uniker=
nels
    using these may need to be updated. For details, refer to the
    mirage-xen 6.0.0 release [announcement].

  Other notable changes:

  =E2=80=A2 `Mirage_runtime' provides event loop enter and exit hook
    registration ([#1010]).
  =E2=80=A2 All MirageOS backends now behave similarly on a successful exit=
 of
    the unikernel: they call `exit' with the return value 0, thus
    `at_exit' handlers are now executed ([#1011]).
  =E2=80=A2 The unix backend used a toplevel exception handler, which has b=
een
    removed. All backends now behave equally with respect to exceptions.
  =E2=80=A2 Please note that the `Mirage_net.listen' function still install=
s an
    exception handler, which will be removed in a future release. The
    out of memory exception is no longer caught by `Mirage_net.listen'
    ([#1036]).
  =E2=80=A2 To reduce the number of OPAM packages, the `mirage-*-lwt' packa=
ges
    are now deprecated. `Mirage_net' (and others) now use `Lwt.t'
    directly, and their `buffer' type is `Cstruct.t' ([#1004]).
  =E2=80=A2 OPAM files generated by `mirage configure' now include opam bui=
ld
    and installation instructions, and also an URL to the Git `origin'
    ([#1022]).

  Known issues:

  =E2=80=A2 `mirage configure' fails if the unikernel is under version cont=
rol
    and no `origin' remote is present ([#1188]).
  =E2=80=A2 The Xen backend has issues with event delivery if built with an
    Alpine Linux GCC toolchain. As a work-around, please use a Fedora or
    Debian based toolchain.

  Acknowledgements:

  =E2=80=A2 Thanks to Roger Pau Monn=C3=A9, Andrew Cooper and other core Xen
    developers for help with understanding the specifics of how Xen
    PVHv2 works, and how to write an implementation from scratch.
  =E2=80=A2 Thanks to Marek Marczykowski-G=C3=B3recki for help with the Qub=
esOS
    specifics, and for forward-porting some missing parts of PVHv2 to
    QubesOS version of Xen.
  =E2=80=A2 Thanks to @palainp on Github for help with testing on QubesOS.


[MirageOS 3.6.0] 

[re-written from scratch] 

[#1180] 

[announcement]


[#1010] 

[#1011] 

[#1036] 

[#1004] 

[#1022] 

[#1188] 


An AST typing problem
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Chet Murthy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This note discusses the beginnings of an OCaml attribute-grammar
  evaluator generator.  You can find this code on github at
  `camlp5/pa_ppx_ag'.

  All of this code is implemented using `camlp5' and the `pa_ppx' suite
  of PPX rewriters.

  Caveat: this code is less than a week old, so it's changing fast.  In
  the unlkely event that anybody out there is actually interested in
  using this code, I'm happy to help in any way I can.  But just be
  aware that it's changing -really- fast.


Attribute Grammars for the multipass AST analysis problem
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A year-and-a-half ago, the OP "An AST Typing Problem"
  () raised the
  problem of how to deal with ASTs, in the presence of multiple passes
  of program-analysis, each of which will want to hang various bits of
  data off nodes.  The author of the OP pointed also at a couple of
  posts on Lambda-the-Ultimate (LtU), discussing related problems.

  The author notes:

        There=E2=80=99s a lot of passes, many of which depend on the
        previous ones, each one making some slight change to the
        AST which might or might not result in having to walk
        through the whole AST to catch all occurrences of that
        particular node. Clearly you=E2=80=99ll want to encode semantic
        errors in the types, so each pass ends up having its own
        unique AST, each depending on the previous one. To change
        a single node deep in the AST I have to write about a
        hundred lines of types and mapping functions=E2=80=99 worth of
        boilerplate. Any change in the lower levels of the AST
        bubbles up to the higher ones, and refactoring becomes a
        nightmare.

  I've been thinking about this problem ever since, and at the time, had
  suggested that while it seemed like attribute-grammars might be a
  workable solution, they were a pretty heavy hammer.  It doesn't help
  (of course) that there exist no attribute-grammar evaluator
  generators, for OCaml.  Also, at least in the LtU threads, there was
  discussion of modifying the AST, and having the analyses automatically
  be updated for the modified AST.  Obviously this would require an
  incremental re-attribution algorithm: more complexity and again,
  something that isn't implemented for OCaml.

  But imagine that there existed an attribute-grammar evaluator
  generator for OCaml.  So for a simple language of expressions, with an
  assignment-operator, we could write an evaluator as an
  attribute-grammar.  Imagine that you could write an ast like this
  (test1_ast.ml):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type expr =3D
  =E2=94=82     INT of int
  =E2=94=82   | BINOP of binop * expr * expr
  =E2=94=82   | UNOP of unop * expr
  =E2=94=82   | REF of string
  =E2=94=82   | ASSIGN of string * expr
  =E2=94=82   | SEQ of expr * expr
  =E2=94=82 and unop =3D UPLUS | UMINUS
  =E2=94=82 and binop =3D PLUS | MINUS | STAR | SLASH | PERCENT
  =E2=94=82 and prog =3D expr
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  and then (having elsewhere written parser/pretty-printer) declare
  attributes on those types (test1_variants.ml):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module Attributed =3D struct
  =E2=94=82   [%%import: Test1_ast.expr]
  =E2=94=82   [@@deriving attributed {
  =E2=94=82     attributed_module_name =3D AT
  =E2=94=82   ; normal_module_name =3D OK
  =E2=94=82   ; attributes =3D {
  =E2=94=82       expr =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	inh_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) list]
  =E2=94=82       ; syn_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) list]
  =E2=94=82       ; value_ =3D [%typ: int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     ; prog =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	value_ =3D [%typ: int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     ; binop =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	oper =3D [%typ: int -> int -> int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     ; unop =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	oper =3D [%typ: int -> int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     }
  =E2=94=82   }]
  =E2=94=82 end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  and then declare attribute equations (test1_ag.ml):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module REC =3D struct
  =E2=94=82 [%%import: Test1_variants.Attributed.AT.expr]
  =E2=94=82   [@@deriving ag {
  =E2=94=82     module_name =3D AG
  =E2=94=82   ; storage_mode =3D Records
  =E2=94=82   ; axiom =3D prog
  =E2=94=82   ; attributes =3D {
  =E2=94=82       expr =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	inh_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) list]
  =E2=94=82       ; syn_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) list]
  =E2=94=82       ; value_ =3D [%typ: int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     ; prog =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	value_ =3D [%typ: int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     ; binop =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	oper =3D [%typ: int -> int -> int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     ; unop =3D {
  =E2=94=82 	oper =3D [%typ: int -> int]
  =E2=94=82       }
  =E2=94=82     }
  =E2=94=82   ; attribution =3D {
  =E2=94=82       expr__INT =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D [%nterm 0].inh_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%prim 1].intval
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; expr__BINOP =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr.(1)].inh_env :=3D [%nterm expr].inh_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr.(2)].inh_env :=3D [%nterm expr.(1)].syn_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr].syn_env :=3D [%nterm expr.(2)].syn_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr].value_ :=3D [%nterm binop.(1)].oper [%nterm expr=
.(1)].value_ [%nterm
  =E2=94=82 expr.(2)].value_
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; expr__UNOP =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr.(1)].inh_env :=3D [%nterm expr].inh_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr].syn_env :=3D [%nterm expr.(1)].syn_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr].value_ :=3D [%nterm unop.(1)].oper [%nterm expr.=
(1)].value_
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; expr__REF =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D [%nterm 0].inh_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].value_ :=3D List.assoc [%prim 1].stringval [%nterm =
0].inh_env
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; expr__ASSIGN =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D ([%prim 1].stringval, [%nterm expr.(1)=
].value_) :: [%nterm
  =E2=94=82 expr.(1)].syn_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm expr.(1)].inh_env :=3D [%nterm 0].inh_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%nterm expr.(1)].value_
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; expr__SEQ =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 1].inh_env :=3D [%nterm 0].inh_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 2].inh_env :=3D [%nterm 1].syn_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D [%nterm 2].syn_env ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%nterm 2].value_
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; prog =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 1].inh_env :=3D [] ;
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%nterm 1].value_ ;
  =E2=94=82 	assert True
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; unop__UPLUS =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm unop].oper :=3D fun x -> x
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; unop__UMINUS =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm unop].oper :=3D fun x -> (- x)
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; binop__PLUS =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm binop].oper :=3D (+)
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; binop__MINUS =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm binop].oper :=3D (-)
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; binop__STAR =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm binop].oper :=3D fun a b -> a*b
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; binop__SLASH =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm binop].oper :=3D (/)
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     ; binop__PERCENT =3D (
  =E2=94=82 	[%nterm binop].oper :=3D (mod)
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     }
  =E2=94=82   }]
  =E2=94=82 end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  and then, turning a crank, you would get an evaluator:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let test_records ctxt =3D
  =E2=94=82   assert_equal 3 ({| x :=3D 1 ; x ; y :=3D 2 ; x + y |} |> pa_p=
rog_attributed |> REC.AG.evaluate)
  =E2=94=82 ; assert_equal 0 ({| x :=3D 1 ; y :=3D 2 ; x / y |} |> pa_prog_=
attributed |> REC.AG.evaluate)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where `pa_prog_attributed' is a parser that parses the surface syntax
  into an AST, which has empty slots for all attributes, and
  `REC.AG.evaluate' evaluates attributes in its argument AST, and then
  returns a tuple of all the synthesized attributes of the root node.


Retaining familiar surface syntax for pattern-matching and constructing ASTs
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C

  Now, we don't want to give up easy pattern-matching and construction
  of the AST, just because the AST has attributes strewn throughout it.
  But we don't have to: with Camlp5's "quotations", once we define a
  surface syntax parser for the basic AST (unadorned with attributes =E2=80=
=93
  viz. `test1_ast.ml'), we can use that to bootstrap ourselves to a
  surface syntax parser for expressions and patterns over that AST, and
  then in a similar manner we can get them for the AST adorned with
  attributes.

  This has already been done for hashconsed ASTs, and ASTs with built-in
  unique-IDs, and and doing it for "attributed ASTs" isn't any harder.
  Those examples can be found in the github project
  `camlp5/pa_ppx_q_ast'.


Limitations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  There are still limitations.

  1. The current code only implements topological-order evaluation.
     That is, it builds the entire dependency-graph, topologically-sorts
     it, and then evaluates attributes.  This is =E2=80=A6. suboptimal, whe=
n we
     well know that almost all interesting AGs are already in the class
     of ordered attribute-grammars (OAGs).  I plan to implement the OAG
     evaluation strategy next.

  2. Traditionally AGs are defined over "productions" which are
     sequences of nonterminals and terminals.  This doesn't correspond
     to the way we define OCaml constructor data-types.  So instead of a
     constructor like

     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 type expr =3D
     =E2=94=82   ... | Call of name * arg_list
     =E2=94=82 and arg_list =3D NoArgs | SomeArgs of expr * arg_list
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     we might want to use ~ 'a list~
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 type expr =3D
     =E2=94=82   ... | Call of name * expr list
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

     Problem is: defining attribute-equations for (effectively) an array
     of nodes, is not part of the standard lingo of AGs.  But I believe
     we can invent new syntax and make this succinct.

  3. Storage optimization.  A naive implementation of AGs can store all
     attributes ever computed, at all the nodes in the AST.  This can
     use a lot of memory.  But there are well-known techniques to
     discard attributes once they'll never more be needed in the rest of
     the attribute-evaluation, and I plan to implement these techniques.

  There's an entire literature on things like remote-references in
  attribute grammars, aggregates, and other things, all of which can
  probably be usefully employed.


Conclusion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I think that attribute-grammars could be a useful way to structure
  complex multipass program-analysis, just as they used to do back in
  the good ol' days.

  Maybe worth a look-see!


erlang 0.0.14, a toolkit to manipulate Erlang sources
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


ostera announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hej, hope you're staying safe :raised_hands:

  I'm excited to share with you the first release of `erlang'.

  *tl;dr*: _parser/lexer/ast/printer for Erlang_


Description
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `erlang' is a toolkit for manipulating Standard Erlang and Core Erlang
  sources and their abstract syntax trees according to the Erlang
  specifications.

  Version 0.0.14 provides:
  =E2=80=A2 A lexer/parser written in Menhir for Standard Erlang
  =E2=80=A2 ASTs for Core Erlang and Standard Erlang
  =E2=80=A2 An AST helper module for constructing Standard Erlang programs
  =E2=80=A2 A printer for the Standard Erlang AST (of highly volatile
    prettiness)
  =E2=80=A2 Support to turn ASTs to S-expressions
  =E2=80=A2 `erldump', a binary tool for reading Erlang sources and printing
    their concrete syntax trees as S-expressions.

  It is distributed under Apache-2.0 license, depends on Menhir and
  Cmdliner, and it is being developed as part of the Caramel project.

  =E2=80=A2 *PR*:  =E2=
=80=93 should
     be on opam.ocaml.org sometime tomorrow :)
  =E2=80=A2 *Homepage*: 
  =E2=80=A2 *Install*: `opam install erlang'
  =E2=80=A2 *API Docs & manuals*: maybe on next release, but _follow the ty=
pes_,
     and the `Erlang.Ast_helper' module is modeled after the
     `Parsing.Ast_helper' so it should feel familiar.

  I started writing `erlang' to let Caramel do an entirely symbolic
  compilation from the OCaml typedtree that would still allow for other
  passes/checks to be made cleanly. It's come with a decent number of
  tests, and it can parse some OTP modules with small modifications.

  There's [a few outstanding issues] regarding the parsing for the next
  release, but it should be a starting point for anyone wanting to read
  sources and _do something_ with them. I plan on cover these issues in
  the rest of the year, but as with all open source, it may take longer.

  I'd like to add a few other things, like an AST invariants module to
  check that ASTs are actually valid Erlang programs, and
  transformations more suitable for static analyses of the sources.

  My thanks go to @antron, @c-cube, @Drup, @rgrinberg, and @mseri for
  helping me get around the OCaml compiler, Menhir, and eventually to
  get this version split from Caramel and released independently.  Also
  a shoutout to the Js_of_ocaml project that served as a starting point
  for the parser/lexer work here.

  If you can give me some feedback on the design and implementation, I'd
  very much like to hear your thoughts :slight_smile:

  For those of you hoping to start using it, _do not_ let it crash.


[a few outstanding issues]



opam-bin.1.0.0: binary packages for opam
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fabrice Le Fessant announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce the first stable release of `opam-bin', version
  1.0.0, a framework to CREATE, USE and SHARE binary relocatable
  packages with opam, to speed-up installation of packages. It is easily
  installable from opam-repository, and available on Github:

  

  With opam-bin, you can :

  =E2=80=A2 build binary packages while installing their source counterpart=
 with
    opam
  =E2=80=A2 automatically reuse previously created binary packages instead =
of
    compiling them again
  =E2=80=A2 export and share your binary packages as part of opam repositor=
ies
    for other users/computers to use

  `opam-bin' is a framework in 3 parts :
  =E2=80=A2 a tool `opam-bin' to create binary packages:
    
  =E2=80=A2 a set of patches to make some packages relocatable (`opam-bin' =
will
    apply them automatically when building packages), including patches
    to make the OCaml distribution relocatable from version 4.02.0 to
    4.11.1: 
  =E2=80=A2 a set of contributed repositories of binary packages. For now, =
there
    is only one contribution, during the summer, by Origin Labs :
     containing
    5 repos, among which the "4.10.0" repo contains more than 1800
    packages. These repos can be used DIRECTLY WITH opam, WITHOUT USING
    opam-bin.

  This is the first stable release:
  =E2=80=A2 Specific support has been added in the current `master' branch =
of
    `opam' to make working with this version more convenient, by
    printing pre- and post- installation messages. Yet, it will still
    work with previous version of opam, but with no output on the
    terminal when calling opam.
  =E2=80=A2 The `sharing' option can be enabled to share files with hard-li=
nks
    between switches, making the creation of new local switches almost
    costless in time and disk space.

  `opam-bin' is a collaborative work between OCamlPro and Origin Labs.

  `opam-bin' is particularly useful if you create many local switches,
  as they become unexpensive. Tools like Drom (an OCaml project
  scaffolder, ) can take advantage of
  that to provide a cargo-like experience.


Interesting OCaml Articles
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Ryan Slade announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Anyone who's been following this blog probably saw this coming:

  

  It's an interesting read and hopefully can be used as constructive
  criticism in order to improve the state of the OCaml ecosystem.


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 27 to Novembe=
r 03, 2020.









Brr 0.0.1, a toolkit for programming browsers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-brr-0-0-1-a-t=
oolkit-for-programming-browsers/6608/9








Continuing this thread, Daniel B=C3=BCnzli said





One thing I forgot, is that there is a todo=
mvc example in the repo, see
todomvc.{html,ml} in this directory.





It doesn't use the UI toolkit you mentioned, just the basic reactive DOM su=
pport provided by
Brr_note and
<=
code>Brr_note_kit. But you can see how
quickly you get reusable and composable components like
bool_editor
and
string_editor.





The program structure in that example is quite similar to the one I had in =
the drawing app. You define
a purely functional, non reactive data
model,
actions
over the data model, create small UI fragments that renders parts of your d=
ata model and generate
actions events for it, gradually glue them together using note combinators =
and finally define a fixed
point
signal
that holds the data model as massaged by the actions events of your UI (as =
mentioned I'd like to
replace fix points by direct let rec and a lazy infinitesimal =
delay combinator).





There are a few pitfalls like you should avoid retaining parts of your data=
 model in the UI otherwise
you could get outdated data come back in your model (makes for very fun and=
 spooky bugs though).
Identity in the data model is also a bit tricky, it seems in todomvc I
used
=3D=3D. That didn't work in the drawing app where my surfaces =
had properties that could be updated but
they could also be linked toghether (that window belongs to that wall etc.)=
 so I needed stable
identifiers for which I introduced a little abstraction to identify values =
and define relations between
them.





One thing I remember fondly when doing the drawing app is that I would stil=
l get the odd interaction
glitches you get when coding direct mouse manipulation interactions (surface
definition/selection/move/transform) however thanks to the ability to denot=
ationally reason and act
(left leaning E.select) on the
simultaneity of events, they were easy to understand and fix in an explicit=
 way (that is via a defining
expression).





Also if you get into Note the denotational semantics
notation is not yet explained there, refer to the one of
react it's the same.











Yoann Padioleau asked and Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied<=
/h3>






How hard would it be to build on top of Brr_note something like an Elm Arch=
itecture-style toolkit? I
know there's a TEA-Bucklescript library, but I'd rather use something relyi=
ng on dune/jsoo.





I've read somewhere else that you were a bit skeptical about the advantage =
of MVU (movel-view-update)
over MVC, but I personnaly find the counter UI example in ELM at
https://gu=
ide.elm-lang.org/architecture/buttons.html
far simpler than the corresponding one in Brr at
=
https://github.com/barko/brr-eg/blob/master/counter/counter.ml







I don't know. I didn't look into MVU too much, but to me it's largely a rem=
ix of MVC =E2=80=93 despite what its
proponents try to tell you. Since we now live in an age of software adverst=
ising it's a bit hard to get
frank assessments.





As far as I'm concerned the compositionality story of MVU doesn't look grea=
t. Basically it enforces
state machines on you, and composing state machines is a bit meh. In FRP st=
ate machines become signals
(via S.accum) which are highly composable entities with fin=
e granularity (and bonus point, a well
defined denotational semantics for equational reasoning).





If you are looking for MVU I think you can simply jump on LexiFI's
vdom. But when I see how you get to compose two
models
in that paradigm, I'm not convinced.







There=E2=80=99s no need for those E.select. The UI is IMHO more declarative=
 in ELM.







That example could be rewritten (I didn't write the examples in this repo) =
to be more like the ELM one
in it's declarations.





But I think the ELM example is also more rigid. You may not like that E.select on this toy example,
but you may get to enjoy it you when you start composing larger systems fro=
m smaller components.











Yaron Minsky then said





You might be interested in Bonsai! At some level, you can think of it as a =
library for building
composable state machines. It uses Incremental as its
engine for incrementalizing the computation of views, with a virtual-dom im=
plementation underneath.





https://github.com/janestr=
eet/bonsai





It's the primary tool we use for building UIs inside of Jane Street.





In some ways, Bonsai is like Elm, but it has its own interesting ideas. Som=
e of the concepts are
borrowed from this paper:





h=
ttps://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~jdy22/papers/the-arrow-calculus.pdf





though I won't pretend to understand this paper myself!





Bonsai doesn't yet have enough public-facing documentation, and really the =
bleeding edge version on
github is considerably better and more usable than the one released into op=
am. But there's at least one
public-facing UI that's built with it, if you want a real-world example.





https://blog.janestreet.com/finding-memory-leaks-with-memtrace/











Yoann Padioleau replied





Thx for the links!





The memtrace viewer example is pretty cool, but Bonsai looks far more compl=
icated than ELM.
If you look at the counter example (the hello world of UI), here:
https://github.com/janestreet/bonsai=
/blob/master/examples/counters/lib/bonsai_web_counters_example.ml





and you compare it to the one in ocaml-vdom (thx @dbuenzli for the link) at
https://github.com/LexiFi/ocaml-vdom/blob/master/examples/c=
ounters/counters.ml





there's a huge difference in simplicity.











Ty Overby then said





Hi Aryx, I wrote the Bonsai example that you linked, and it certainly isn't=
 the most concise, but
that's because it was built for a tutorial on building small components (on=
e counter is a single
component), how to use more advanced combinators (Bonsai.assoc), and how to=
 move data from one
component to another (the add_counter_component into the associated counter=
s component.)  I think it's
a great example of the power of structuring an UI as a DAG rather than a tr=
ee, but it definitely
doesn't make for the most concise code!





In the example, the comments that look like "CODE_EXCERPT_BEGIN" are actual=
ly preprocessor definitions
that are used in the (honestly, kinda out of date) tutorial
here.
A bonsai app that wasn't written for such a tutorial would look more like
this.















New release of Monolith (20201026)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-monolith-2=
0201026/6667/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





It is my pleasure to announce a major new release of Monolith.






opam update && opam install monolith







Monolith offers facilities for testing an OCaml library (for instance, a da=
ta structure implementation)
by comparing it against a reference implementation. It can be used to perfo=
rm either random testing or
fuzz testing. Fuzz testing relies on the external tool afl-fuzz.





More information on Monolith is available here and in the
draft paper Strong Automated Testing of OCaml
Libraries.















MirageOS 3.9.0 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mirageos-3-9-0-released/6668/1








Martin Lucina announced





We are pleased to announce the release of MirageOS 3.9.0.





Our last release announcement was for MirageOS
3.6.0, so we will also cover changes since 3.7.x
and 3.8.x in this announcement.





New features:




    

  • The Xen backend has been re-written from scratch to be based on Solo5, and now suppor=
ts PVHv2 on Xen 4.10 or higher, and QubesOS 4.0.
    • 

  • As part of this re-write, the existing Mini-OS based implementation has=
 been retired, and all non-UNIX backends now use a unified OCaml runtime ba=
sed on ocaml-freestanding.
    • 

  • OCaml runtime settings settable via the OCAMLRUNPARAM envi=
ronment variable are now exposed as unikernel boot parameters. For details,=
 refer to #1180.=

    • 





Security posture improvements:




    

  • With the move to a unified Solo5 and ocaml-freestanding base MirageOS u=
nikernels on Xen gain several notable improvements to their overall securit=
y posture such as SSP for all C code, W^X, and malloc heap canaries. For de=
tails, refer to the mirage-xen 6.0.0 release announcement.
    • 





API breaking changes:




    

  • Several Xen-specific APIs have been removed or replaced, unikernels usi=
ng these may need to be updated. For details, refer to the mirage-xen 6.0.0=
 release announcement.
    • 





Other notable changes:




    

  • Mirage_runtime provides event loop enter and exit hook reg=
istration (#1010=
).
    • 

  • All MirageOS backends now behave similarly on a successful exit of the =
unikernel: they call exit with the return value 0, thus =
at_exit handlers are now executed (#1011).
    • 

  • The unix backend used a toplevel exception handler, which has been remo=
ved. All backends now behave equally with respect to exceptions.
    • 

  • Please note that the Mirage_net.listen function still inst=
alls an exception handler, which will be removed in a future release. The o=
ut of memory exception is no longer caught by Mirage_net.listen (#1036).
    • 

  • To reduce the number of OPAM packages, the mirage-*-lwt pa=
ckages are now deprecated. Mirage_net (and others) now use Lwt.t directly, and their buffer type is Cstru=
ct.t (#1004=
).
    • 

  • OPAM files generated by mirage configure now include opam =
build and installation instructions, and also an URL to the Git origi=
n (#1022)=
.
    • 





Known issues:




    

  • mirage configure fails if the unikernel is under version c=
ontrol and no origin remote is present (#1188).
    • 

  • The Xen backend has issues with event delivery if built with an Alpine =
Linux GCC toolchain. As a work-around, please use a Fedora or Debian based =
toolchain.
    • 





Acknowledgements:




    

  • Thanks to Roger Pau Monn=C3=A9, Andrew Cooper and other core Xen develo=
pers for help with understanding the specifics of how Xen PVHv2 works, and =
how to write an implementation from scratch.
    • 

  • Thanks to Marek Marczykowski-G=C3=B3recki for help with the QubesOS spe=
cifics, and for forward-porting some missing parts of PVHv2 to QubesOS vers=
ion of Xen.
    • 

  • Thanks to @palainp on Github for help with testing on QubesOS.
    • 















An AST typing problem





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an-ast-typing-problem/3677/8








Chet Murthy announced





This note discusses the beginnings of an OCaml attribute-grammar
evaluator generator.  You can find this code on github at camlp5/pa_p=
px_ag.





All of this code is implemented using camlp5 and the pa_=
ppx suite
of PPX rewriters.





Caveat: this code is less than a week old, so it's changing fast.  In
the unlkely event that anybody out there is actually interested in
using this code, I'm happy to help in any way I can.  But just be
aware that it's changing -really- fast.








Attribute Grammars for the multipass AST analysis pro=
blem





A year-and-a-half ago, the OP "An AST Typing Problem"
(https:/=
/discuss.ocaml.org/t/an-ast-typing-problem/3677) raised the
problem of how to deal with ASTs, in the presence of multiple passes
of program-analysis, each of which will want to hang various bits of
data off nodes.  The author of the OP pointed also at a couple of
posts on Lambda-the-Ultimate (LtU), discussing related problems.





The author notes:







There=E2=80=99s a lot of passes, many of which depend on the previous ones,
each one making some slight change to the AST which might or might
not result in having to walk through the whole AST to catch all
occurrences of that particular node. Clearly you=E2=80=99ll want to encode
semantic errors in the types, so each pass ends up having its own
unique AST, each depending on the previous one. To change a single
node deep in the AST I have to write about a hundred lines of types
and mapping functions=E2=80=99 worth of boilerplate. Any change in the
lower levels of the AST bubbles up to the higher ones, and
refactoring becomes a nightmare.







I've been thinking about this problem ever since, and at the time, had
suggested that while it seemed like attribute-grammars might be a
workable solution, they were a pretty heavy hammer.  It doesn't help
(of course) that there exist no attribute-grammar evaluator
generators, for OCaml.  Also, at least in the LtU threads, there was
discussion of modifying the AST, and having the analyses automatically
be updated for the modified AST.  Obviously this would require an
incremental re-attribution algorithm: more complexity and again,
something that isn't implemented for OCaml.





But imagine that there existed an attribute-grammar evaluator
generator for OCaml.  So for a simple language of expressions, with an assi=
gnment-operator,
we could write an evaluator as an attribute-grammar.
Imagine that you could write an ast like this
(test1_ast.ml):





type expr =3D
    INT <=
span style=3D"color: #a020f0;">of int
  | BINOP=
 of binop * expr * expr
  | UNOP =
of unop * expr
  | REF <=
span style=3D"color: #a020f0;">of string
  | ASSIGN of string * expr
  | SEQ <=
span style=3D"color: #a020f0;">of expr * expr
and unop =3D UPLUS | UMINUS
and binop =3D PLUS | MINUS | STAR | SLASH | PERCENT
and prog =3D expr






and then (having elsewhere written parser/pretty-printer) declare
attributes on those types (test1_variants.ml):





module Attributed =3D struct
  [%%import: Test1_ast.expr]
  [@@deriving attributed {
    attributed_module_name =3D AT
  ; normal_module_name =3D OK
  ; attributes =3D {
      expr =3D {
        inh_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) l=
ist]
      ; syn_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) l=
ist]
      ; value_ =3D [%typ: int]
      }
    ; prog =3D {
        value_ =3D [%typ: int]
      }
    ; binop =3D {
        oper =3D [%typ: int -> int ->=
 int]
      }
    ; unop =3D {
        oper =3D [%typ: int -> int]
      }
    }
  }]
end






and then declare attribute equations (test1_ag.ml):





module REC =3D struct
[%%import=
: Test1_variants.Attributed.AT.expr<=
span style=3D"color: #483d8b; background-color: #ebebeb;">]
  [@@deriving ag {
    module_name =3D AG
  ; storage_mode =3D Records
  ; axiom =3D prog
  ; attributes =3D {
      expr =3D {
        inh_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) l=
ist]
      ; syn_env =3D [%typ: (string * int) l=
ist]
      ; value_ =3D [%typ: int]
      }
    ; prog =3D {
        value_ =3D [%typ: int]
      }
    ; binop =3D {
        oper =3D [%typ: int -> int ->=
 int]
      }
    ; unop =3D {
        oper =3D [%typ: int -> int]
      }
    }
  ; attribution =3D {
      expr__INT =3D (
        [%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D [%nterm 0].=
inh_env ;
        [%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%prim 1].in=
tval
      )
    ; expr__BINOP =3D (
        [%nterm expr.(1)].inh_env :=3D [%nt=
erm expr].inh_env ;
        [%nterm expr.(2)].inh_env :=3D [%nt=
erm expr.(1)].syn_env ;
        [%nterm expr].syn_env :=3D [%nterm =
expr.(2)].syn_env ;
        [%nterm expr].value_ :=3D [%nterm b=
inop.(1)].oper [%nterm expr.(1)].value_ [%nterm
expr.(2)].value_
      )
    ; expr__UNOP =3D (
        [%nterm expr.(1)].inh_env :=3D [%nt=
erm expr].inh_env ;
        [%nterm expr].syn_env :=3D [%nterm =
expr.(1)].syn_env ;
        [%nterm expr].value_ :=3D [%nterm u=
nop.(1)].oper [%nterm expr.(1)].value_
      )
    ; expr__REF =3D (
        [%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D [%nterm 0].=
inh_env ;
        [%nterm 0].value_ :=3D List.assoc [=
%prim 1].stringval [%nterm 0].inh_env
      )
    ; expr__ASSIGN =3D (
        [%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D ([%prim 1].=
stringval, [%nterm expr.(1)].value_) :: [%nterm
expr.(1)].syn_env ;
        [%nterm expr.(1)].inh_env :=3D [%nt=
erm 0].inh_env ;
        [%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%nterm expr=
.(1)].value_
      )
    ; expr__SEQ =3D (
        [%nterm 1].inh_env :=3D [%nterm 0].=
inh_env ;
        [%nterm 2].inh_env :=3D [%nterm 1].=
syn_env ;
        [%nterm 0].syn_env :=3D [%nterm 2].=
syn_env ;
        [%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%nterm 2].v=
alue_
      )
    ; prog =3D (
        [%nterm 1].inh_env :=3D [] ;
        [%nterm 0].value_ :=3D [%nterm 1].v=
alue_ ;
        assert True
      )
    ; unop__UPLUS =3D (
        [%nterm unop].oper :=3D fun x ->=
 x
      )
    ; unop__UMINUS =3D (
        [%nterm unop].oper :=3D fun x ->=
 (- x)
      )
    ; binop__PLUS =3D (
        [%nterm binop].oper :=3D (+)
      )
    ; binop__MINUS =3D (
        [%nterm binop].oper :=3D (-)
      )
    ; binop__STAR =3D (
        [%nterm binop].oper :=3D fun a b -&=
gt; a*b
      )
    ; binop__SLASH =3D (
        [%nterm binop].oper :=3D (/)
      )
    ; binop__PERCENT =3D (
        [%nterm binop].oper :=3D (mod)
      )
    }
  }]
end






and then, turning a crank, you would get an evaluator:





let test_records ctxt =3D
  assert_equal 3 ({| x :=3D 1 ; x ; y :=3D =
2 ; x + y |} |> pa_prog_at=
tributed |> REC.AG.evaluate)
; assert_equal 0 ({| x :=3D 1 ; y :=3D 2 ; =
x / y |} |> pa_prog_attrib=
uted |> REC.AG.evaluate)






where pa_prog_attributed is a parser that parses the surface s=
yntax
into an AST, which has empty slots for all attributes, and
REC.AG.evaluate evaluates attributes in its argument AST, and =
then
returns a tuple of all the synthesized attributes of the root node.










Retaining familiar surface syntax for pattern-matchin=
g and constructing ASTs





Now, we don't want to give up easy pattern-matching and construction
of the AST, just because the AST has attributes strewn throughout it.
But we don't have to: with Camlp5's "quotations", once we define a
surface syntax parser for the basic AST (unadorned with attributes –
viz. test1_ast.ml), we can use that to bootstrap ourselves to a
surface syntax parser for expressions and patterns over that AST, and
then in a similar manner we can get them for the AST adorned with
attributes.





This has already been done for hashconsed ASTs, and ASTs with built-in
unique-IDs, and and doing it for "attributed ASTs" isn't any harder.
Those examples can be found in the github project
camlp5/pa_ppx_q_ast.










Limitations





There are still limitations.




    

  1. The current code only implements topological-order evaluation.
That is, it builds the entire dependency-graph, topologically-sorts
it, and then evaluates attributes.  This is …. suboptimal, when
we well know that almost all interesting AGs are already in the
class of ordered attribute-grammars (OAGs).  I plan to implement
the OAG evaluation strategy next.
    2. 


  2. 
Traditionally AGs are defined over "productions" which are
sequences of nonterminals and terminals.  This doesn't correspond
to the way we define OCaml constructor data-types.  So instead of a constru=
ctor like

    


    

    type expr =3D
  ... | Call of name * arg_list
and arg_list =3D NoArgs | SomeArgs of=
 expr * arg_list

    

    

    
we might want to use ~ 'a list~

    

    

    type expr =3D
  ... | Call of name * expr list

    

    


    
Problem is: defining attribute-equations for (effectively) an array of
nodes, is not part of the standard lingo of AGs.  But I believe we can
invent new syntax and make this succinct.

    3. 


  3. Storage optimization.  A naive implementation of AGs can store all
attributes ever computed, at all the nodes in the AST.  This can
use a lot of memory.  But there are well-known techniques to
discard attributes once they'll never more be needed in the rest of
the attribute-evaluation, and I plan to implement these techniques.
    4. 





There's an entire literature on things like remote-references in
attribute grammars, aggregates, and other things, all of which can
probably be usefully employed.










Conclusion





I think that attribute-grammars could be a useful way to structure
complex multipass program-analysis, just as they used to do back in
the good ol' days.





Maybe worth a look-see!

















erlang 0.0.14, a toolkit to manipulate Erlang sources





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-erlan=
g-0-0-14-a-toolkit-to-manipulate-erlang-sources/6694/1








ostera announced





Hej, hope you're staying safe :raised_hands:





I'm excited to share with you the first release of erlang.





tl;dr: parser/lexer/ast/printer for Erlang=









Description





erlang is a toolkit for manipulating Standard Erlang and Core =
Erlang sources and their abstract
syntax trees according to the Erlang specifications.





Version 0.0.14 provides:



    

  • A lexer/parser written in Menhir for Standard Erlang
    • 

  • ASTs for Core Erlang and Standard Erlang
    • 

  • An AST helper module for constructing Standard Erlang programs
    • 

  • A printer for the Standard Erlang AST (of highly volatile prettiness)

  • Support to turn ASTs to S-expressions
    • 

  • erldump, a binary tool for reading Erlang sources and prin=
ting their concrete syntax trees as S-expressions.
    • 





It is distributed under Apache-2.0 license, depends on Menhir and Cmdliner,=
 and it is being developed
as part of the Caramel project.







I started writing erlang to let Caramel do an entirely symboli=
c compilation from the OCaml typedtree
that would still allow for other passes/checks to be made cleanly. It's com=
e with a decent number of
tests, and it can parse some OTP modules with small modifications.





There's a few outstanding
issues
regarding the parsing for the next release, but it should be a starting poi=
nt for anyone wanting to
read sources and do something with them. I=
 plan on cover these issues in the rest of the year, but as
with all open source, it may take longer.





I'd like to add a few other things, like an AST invariants module to check =
that ASTs are actually valid
Erlang programs, and transformations more suitable for static analyses of t=
he sources.





My thanks go to @antron, @c-cube, @Drup, @rgrinberg, and @mseri for helping=
 me get around the OCaml
compiler, Menhir, and eventually to get this version split from Caramel and=
 released independently.
Also a shoutout to the Js_of_ocaml project that served as a starting point =
for the parser/lexer work
here.





If you can give me some feedback on the design and implementation, I'd very=
 much like to hear your
thoughts :slight_smile:





For those of you hoping to start using it, do not=
 let it crash.

















opam-bin.1.0.0: binary packages for opam





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-bin-1-0-0-bin=
ary-packages-for-opam/6696/1








Fabrice Le Fessant announced





I am happy to announce the first stable release of opam-bin,
version 1.0.0, a framework to CREATE, USE and SHARE binary relocatable
packages with opam, to speed-up installation of packages. It is easily
installable from opam-repository, and available on Github:





https://ocamlpro.github.io/=
opam-bin





With opam-bin, you can :




    

  • build binary packages while installing their source counterpart with op=
am
    • 

  • automatically reuse previously created binary packages instead of compi=
ling them again
    • 

  • export and share your binary packages as part of opam repositories for =
other users/computers to use
    • 





opam-bin is a framework in 3 parts :






This is the first stable release:



    

  • Specific support has been added in the current master bran=
ch of opam to make working with this version more convenient, =
by printing pre- and post- installation messages. Yet, it will still work w=
ith previous version of opam, but with no output on the terminal when calli=
ng opam.
    • 

  • The sharing option can be enabled to share files with hard=
-links between switches, making the creation of new local switches almost c=
ostless in time and disk space.
    • 





opam-bin is a collaborative work between OCamlPro and Origin L=
abs.





opam-bin is particularly useful if you create many local switc=
hes,
as they become unexpensive. Tools like Drom (an OCaml project
scaffolder, https://ocamlpro.gi=
thub.io/drom) can take advantage of
that to provide a cargo-like experience.















Interesting OCaml Articles





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interesting-ocaml-articles/1867/63








Ryan Slade announced





Anyone who's been following this blog probably saw this coming:





https://blog.darklang.=
com/leaving-ocaml/





It's an interesting read and hopefully can be used as constructive criticis=
m in order to improve the
state of the OCaml ecosystem.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--


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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 24 to
December 01, 2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

drom.0.2.0: OCaml Project Manager, beta release
OCaml on the BEAM webinar
ocaml-lsp-server 1.3.0
OCaml User Survey 2020
http-cookie 2.0.0
reparse 2.0.0
VSCode OCaml Platform v1.5.0
Database modelling
Opium 0.19.0
Operator lookup tool for OCaml
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


drom.0.2.0: OCaml Project Manager, beta release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fabrice Le Fessant announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce the first release of `drom', version 0.2.0, a
  tool to create and manage OCaml projects. `drom' is a simple layer on
  top of `opam' and `dune', with project and package descriptions
  written in TOML syntax. It is an attempt at providing a `cargo'-like
  experience for developers, with builtin support for standard OCaml
  tools (`opam', `dune', `odoc', etc.) and source managers (Github for
  now, with Github Actions and Github Pages).

  There are mainly 2 use-cases of `drom':

  =E2=80=A2 Scafolding tool: `drom' makes it easy to create OCaml projects =
by
    generating all the files needed for a standard OCaml project. It
    creates files for `opam' and `dune', formatters (`ocp-index' and
    `ocamlformat'), documentation (`sphinx' and `odoc'), testing
    directories and Github CI. Once these files have been created,
    `drom' is not needed anymore and you can keep using your preferred
    tools.

  =E2=80=A2 Management tool: `drom' can also be used to keep managing the
    project afterwards. It has commands like `drom build' to build the
    project, automatically installing a local switch with all needed
    dependencies, `drom doc' to generate the documentation and `drom
    test' to execute tests. `drom' works as a simple interface over
    `opam' and `dune' so you almost never need to use them directly.

  

  (this site and the documentation was mostly generated by `drom'
  itself)

  `drom' is available in the official opam repository.

  Examples:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ drom new mylib --skeleton library // generate library project
  =E2=94=82                                     //           or
  =E2=94=82 $ drom new hello                    // generate program project
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 $ cd hello
  =E2=94=82 $ emacs drom.toml // edit the project description
  =E2=94=82 $ drom project    // update files
  =E2=94=82 $ drom build                  // create local switch and build
  =E2=94=82                               //      or
  =E2=94=82 $ drom build --switch 4.10.0  // use global switch and build
  =E2=94=82 $ ./hello         // run the executable
  =E2=94=82 $ drom test       // run tests
  =E2=94=82 $ drom install    // install in opam switch
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is an early release to get feedback from users. `drom' has been
  tested on several of our internal projects, like `opam-bin' and
  `ez_file'.

  Since `drom' creates local `opam' switches for every project by
  default (though it is possible to use global switches too), it is
  advised to use it with `opam-bin' to speed up switch creation and
  upgrades.

  `drom' works by creating projects using "skeletons", i.e. project and
  package templates. `drom' comes with a few predefined skeletons
  (`program' or `library'), and allows users to add their own
  skeletons. We will of course extend the substitution language to help
  users develop such new skeletons.

  `drom' is a collaborative work between OCamlPro and Origin Labs.


Fran=C3=A7ois Bobot asked and Fabrice Le Fessant replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

        I'm very happy to see work in the OCaml world in that
        direction. I was currently looking for duniverse for that
        kind of need. Do they fullfil different needs or how do
        they compare?

  My understanding is that `duniverse' tackles the problem of the
  "mono-repo", i.e. when you want to manage many different projects as
  just one project, using `dune' capacity to build them all at once. I
  would say that `drom' tackles an orthogonal problem, which is to
  simplify the creation of simple OCaml projects (generating all the
  standard files you need, like Makefile, dune-project, dune,
  .ocamlformat, .github CI, documentation, license, etc.) and day-to-day
  management (changing dependencies, having a copy of headers that you
  can insert in new files, etc.). It also provides a single interface
  over basic opam/dune commands.

  It would probably be possible to use `duninverse' on a set of projects
  containing projects generated by `dune', but I don't know enough about
  `duniverse' to be sure.

  Of course, `drom' can manage projects composed of multiple libraries
  and executables (called `packages' because `drom' generates one `opam'
  file for every one of them), but I wouldn't call that a mono-repo,
  it's just frequent to have more than one package in a small project.


OCaml on the BEAM webinar
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yawar Amin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Erlang Solutions is going to do a webinar on Leandro Ostera's new BEAM
  backend for OCaml:
  

  Should be exciting!


ocaml-lsp-server 1.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rudi Grinberg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the ocaml-lsp team, I=E2=80=99d like to announce version 1.3=
.0.

  This release an improvement in keyword completion and a new code
  action. Keywords are now filtered by the context the user requested
  the completion, and there's a new code action to quickly populate .mli
  files with the the inferred types from the .ml file.


OCaml User Survey 2020
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Leroy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here is a summary and analysis of the survey results I wrote on behalf
  of the OCaml Software Foundation:
  
  Enjoy!


http-cookie 2.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Bikal Lem announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A new version of `cookies' package - now named `http-cookie'- has been
  released to opam. This version has been rewritten to remove all its
  external and ppx dependencies and now only depends on stock ocaml and
  its stdlib.

  `http-cookie' is a [RFC 6265] compliant HTTP cookie library.  RFC 6265
  is a HTTP cookie standard specifying cookie data validity
  requirements.

  Additionally, I have also removed the use of `Result.t' from the
  previous version and have used plain old exceptions to denote any
  cookie data validation errors.

  =E2=80=A2 [Github - http-cookie]
  =E2=80=A2 [Docs - http-cookie]


[RFC 6265] 

[Github - http-cookie] 

[Docs - http-cookie] 


reparse 2.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Bikal Lem announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A new version of `reparse' 2.0.0 has been released to opam.

  Reparse is a monadic, recursive descent based, comprehensive, parser
  construction library for ocaml.


CHANGES for version 2.0.0:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Rewrite the whole package to use exceptions rather than `result'
    type
  =E2=80=A2 Adds many more parsing combinators
  =E2=80=A2 Adds comprehensive unit tests
  =E2=80=A2 Adds comprehensive documentation, host documentation and add li=
nks
    in repo home page
  =E2=80=A2 Adds abstraction for input source
  =E2=80=A2 Provides unix file source and string input source
  =E2=80=A2 Adds separate package `reparse-unix' for unix file input
  =E2=80=A2 Adds calc.ml and json.ml in examples.

  Additionally, the API is now comprehensively documented with at least
  an example for each API call.

  =E2=80=A2 [Github Reparse]
  =E2=80=A2 [API Docs]


[Github Reparse] 

[API Docs] 


VSCode OCaml Platform v1.5.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Max Lantas announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are happy to announce the v1.5.0 release of [VSCode OCaml
  Platform], a Visual Studio Code extension for OCaml. It is available
  on the [VSCode Marketplace] and [Open VSX Registry].

  This release has the following changes:
  =E2=80=A2 Highlight `rec' keyword in OCaml mli files for recursive modules
    ([#434])
  =E2=80=A2 Highlight `cram' stanza in dune-project files ([#441])
  =E2=80=A2 Fix reason highlighting of let extensions ([#447])
  =E2=80=A2 Improve highlighting of Menhir new syntax ([#450])
  =E2=80=A2 Improve Menhir syntax highlighting ([#455])
  =E2=80=A2 Add `Alt + P' keyboard shortcut for infer interface code action
    ([#448])
  =E2=80=A2 Infer interface when switching to a non-existing interface file
    ([#437])

  This is the first release to be automatically published to Open VSX,
  which will benefit users of [VSCodium] and other editors.

  Please feel free to share feedback.


[VSCode OCaml Platform]


[VSCode Marketplace]


[Open VSX Registry]


[#434] 

[#441] 

[#447] 

[#450] 

[#455] 

[#448] 

[#437] 

[VSCodium] 


Database modelling
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Reviving this very old thread, paul announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  And a version for postgresql:
  


Opium 0.19.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the Opium team, I am pleased to announce a new version of
  Opium (`0.19.0') is available on Opam.

  This release comes with a complete rewrite of Opium's internals to
  switch from Cohttp to Httpaf (work done by @anuragsoni).

  As demonstrated in several benchmarks, Httpaf's latency is much lower
  than Cohttp's in stress tests, so it is expected that Opium will
  perform better in these high-pressure situations.

  The underlying HTTP server implementation is now contained in a `rock'
  package, that provides a Service and Filter implementation, inspired
  by Finagle's. The architecture is similar to Ruby's Rack library
  (hence the name), so one can compose complex web applications by
  combining Rock applications.

  The `rock' package offers a very slim API, with very few dependencies,
  so it should be an attractive option for other Web frameworks to build
  on, which would allow the re-usability of middlewares and handlers,
  independently of the framework used (e.g. one could use Sihl
  middlewares with Opium, and vice versa).

  Apart from the architectural changes, this release comes with a lot of
  additional utilities and middlewares which should make Opium a better
  candidate for complex web applications, without having to re-write a
  lot of common Web server functionalities.

  The Request and Response modules now provide:
  =E2=80=A2 JSON encoders/decoders with `Yojson'
  =E2=80=A2 HTML encoders/decoders with `Tyxml'
  =E2=80=A2 XML encoders/decoders with `Tyxml'
  =E2=80=A2 SVG encoders/decoders with `Tyxml'
  =E2=80=A2 multipart/form encoders/decoders with `multipart_form_data'
  =E2=80=A2 urlencoded encoders/decoders with `Uri'

  And the following middlewares are now built-in:
  =E2=80=A2 `debugger' to display an HTML page with the errors in case of
    failures
  =E2=80=A2 `logger' to log requests and responses, with a timer
  =E2=80=A2 `allow_cors' to add CORS headers
  =E2=80=A2 `static' to serve static content given a custom read function
    (e.g. read from S3)
  =E2=80=A2 `static_unix' to serve static content from the local filesystem
  =E2=80=A2 `content_length' to add the `Content-Length' header to responses
  =E2=80=A2 `method_override' to replace the HTTP method with the one found=
 in
    the `_method' field of `application/x-www-form-urlencoded' encoded
    `POST' requests.
  =E2=80=A2 `etag' to add `ETag' header to the responses and send an HTTP c=
ode
    `304' when the computed ETag matches the one specified in the
    request.
  =E2=80=A2 `method_required' to filter the requests by the HTTP method and
    respond with an HTTP code `405' if the method is not allowed.
  =E2=80=A2 `head' to add supports for `HEAD' request for handlers that rec=
eive
    `GET' requests.

  Lastly, this release also adds a package `opium-testing' that can be
  used to test Opium applications with Alcotest. It provides `Testable'
  modules for every Opium types, and implements helper functions to
  easily get an `Opium.Response' from an `Opium.Request'.

  As this release changes the API drastically, we will keep maintaining
  the `0.18.0' branch for bug fixes, for users who don't want to (or
  can't) migrate to `0.19.0'.


What's next?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Recent discussions have shown that building optimized applications was
  not trivial. This is partly due to the lack of documentation, and
  probably because some configurations that should come by default, are
  left to the user to optimize. Therefore, we will keep performance in
  mind for the next release and investigate the current bottlenecks in
  Opium.

  We will also continue adding higher-level functionalities to Opium to
  make users productive with real-world applications. This includes:
  =E2=80=A2 Sessions support (with signed cookies)
  =E2=80=A2 Handlers for authentication
  =E2=80=A2 Adding more middlewares (compression, flash messages, caching, =
etc.)

  Your feedback is welcome, don't hesitate to open Issues on Github!


Andreas Poisel asked and Anurag Soni replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Does Opium + Httpaf support TLS?

  It doesn't at the moment.


Calascibetta Romain then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  According the interface of `opium', it's possible to have the support
  of TLS (with `ocaml-tls') with the [new version of Conduit] and
  [`paf'] (which is a MirageOS compatible layer of HTTP/AF -
  unreleased):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let stack ip =3D
  =E2=94=82   Tcpip_stack_socket.UDPV4.connect (Some ip) >>=3D fun udpv4 ->
  =E2=94=82   Tcpip_stack_socket.TCPV4.connect (Some ip) >>=3D fun tcpv4 ->
  =E2=94=82   Tcpip_stack_socket.connect [ ip ] udpv4 tcpv4
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let http_with_conduit (ip, port) error_handler request_handler =
=3D
  =E2=94=82   Paf.https httpaf_config ~error_handler ~request_handler:(fun =
_ -> request_handler)
  =E2=94=82     ({ Paf.TCP.stack=3D stack ip
  =E2=94=82      ; keepalive=3D None
  =E2=94=82      ; nodelay=3D false
  =E2=94=82      ; port=3D port}, Tls.Config.server ~certificates ())
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D match Lwt_main.run (Opium.run (https_with_conduit (I=
paddr.V4.localhost, 4343)) opium_app) with
  =E2=94=82   | Ok () -> ()
  =E2=94=82   | Error err -> Fmt.epr "%a.\n%!" Conduit_mirage.pp_error err
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I used it for a long time on my personal unikernels and did some tests
  to ensure that [it does fails when it handles many requests]. Note
  that you are able to use OpenSSL too if you want.


[new version of Conduit]


[`paf'] 

[it does fails when it handles many requests]



Robin Bj=C3=B6rklin also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If you want to use this new version of Opium there are ways around
  this problem. You could have Haproxy (or similar) terminate your TLS
  connections externally and if your environment requires TLS for your
  internal network something like [Consul Connect] can cover that
  use-case for you.


[Consul Connect]



Operator lookup tool for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Craig Ferguson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the initial release of
  craigfe.io/operator-lookup/, a search tool for OCaml operators and
  syntax elements:

  

  For each operator, the tool provides a short explanation of its
  behaviour, examples of usage and warnings of common misuses and
  misunderstandings:

  

  The intent of writing this tool was to give OCaml beginners a quick
  way to find the standard / conventional operators in the language and
  to disambiguate "operator-like" syntax that can be hard to search for
  otherwise. It currently supports:

  =E2=80=A2 all standard library operators,
  =E2=80=A2 conventional infix operators (`>>=3D', `>>|', `>|=3D'),
  =E2=80=A2 binding operators (`let+', `let*', `and+', etc.),
  =E2=80=A2 syntax that is often confused for an operator (`#', `;;').

  Please let me know if you have any suggestions for improvements. I
  hope you find it useful!


Acknowledgements
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This tool is heavily based on the [JavaScript operator lookup] utility
  by [Josh Comeau]. Thanks to him for the initial idea and for allowing
  me to re-use his design elements.


[JavaScript operator lookup]


[Josh Comeau] 


Kakadu asked and Craig Ferguson replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        It's not obvious for me are these operators hardcoded or
        do you scan opam packages from time to time?

  They're hardcoded. The operators fall into three classes:

  =E2=80=A2 The vast majority of them are from the `Stdlib' module, so I do=
n't
    expect those to change very regularly.

  =E2=80=A2 A small number of "conventional" operators used in the community
    (`>>=3D', `let*', etc.). Even for that small set there is some
    divergence in Opam =E2=80=93 c.f. `>>|' vs `>|=3D' for a _map_ operator=
 =E2=80=93 so I
    suspect there are not many other candidates for this group.

  =E2=80=A2 There are a few regexes behind the scenes for catching valid
    operator names that don't fall into the first two
    categories. e.g. many search terms are classified as "_a
    left-associative operator_" with a correspondingly vague
    description.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [=E2=80=9CUniversal=E2=80=9D Dune Tip: Rebuild Stuff, Sometimes]


[OCaml Planet] 

[=E2=80=9CUniversal=E2=80=9D Dune Tip: Rebuild Stuff, Sometimes]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 24 to Decemb=
er 01, 2020.









drom.0.2.0: OCaml Project Manager, beta release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-drom-0-2-0-o=
caml-project-manager-beta-release/6841/1








Fabrice Le Fessant announced





I am happy to announce the first release of drom, version 0.2.=
0, a
tool to create and manage OCaml projects. drom is a simple lay=
er on
top of opam and dune, with project and package de=
scriptions
written in TOML syntax. It is an attempt at providing a cargo-=
like
experience for developers, with builtin support for standard OCaml
tools (opam, dune, odoc, etc.) and s=
ource managers (Github for
now, with Github Actions and Github Pages).





There are mainly 2 use-cases of drom:




    

  • Scafolding tool: drom makes it easy to create OCaml projec=
ts by
generating all the files needed for a standard OCaml project. It
creates files for opam and dune, formatters (ocp-index and
ocamlformat), documentation (sphinx and odo=
c), testing
directories and Github CI. Once these files have been created,
drom is not needed anymore and you can keep using your preferr=
ed
tools.
    • 


  • Management tool: drom can also be used to keep managing the
project afterwards. It has commands like drom build to build t=
he
project, automatically installing a local switch with all needed
dependencies, drom doc to generate the documentation and drom
  test to execute tests. drom works as a simple interfa=
ce over
opam and dune so you almost never need to use the=
m directly.
    • 





https://ocamlpro.github.io/drom=






(this site and the documentation was mostly generated by drom =
itself)





drom is available in the official opam repository.





Examples:




$ drom new mylib --skeleton library // generate library project
                                    //           or
$ drom new hello                    // generate program project

$ cd hello
$ emacs drom.toml // edit the project description
$ drom project    // update files
$ drom build                  // create local switch and build
                              //      or
$ drom build --switch 4.10.0  // use global switch and build
$ ./hello         // run the executable
$ drom test       // run tests
$ drom install    // install in opam switch





This is an early release to get feedback from users. drom has =
been
tested on several of our internal projects, like opam-bin and
ez_file.





Since drom creates local opam switches for every =
project by
default (though it is possible to use global switches too), it is
advised to use it with opam-bin to speed up switch creation and
upgrades.





drom works by creating projects using "skeletons", i.e. projec=
t and
package templates. drom comes with a few predefined skeletons
(program or library), and allows users to add the=
ir own
skeletons. We will of course extend the substitution language to help
users develop such new skeletons.





drom is a collaborative work between OCamlPro and Origin Labs.











Fran=C3=A7ois Bobot asked and Fabrice Le Fessant repl=
ied







I'm very happy to see work in the OCaml world in that direction. I was curr=
ently looking for
duniverse for that kind of need. Do they fullfil different needs or how do =
they compare?







My understanding is that duniverse tackles the problem of the
"mono-repo", i.e. when you want to manage many different projects as
just one project, using dune capacity to build them all at onc=
e. I
would say that drom tackles an orthogonal problem, which is to
simplify the creation of simple OCaml projects (generating all the
standard files you need, like Makefile, dune-project, dune,
.ocamlformat, .github CI, documentation, license, etc.) and day-to-day
management (changing dependencies, having a copy of headers that you
can insert in new files, etc.). It also provides a single interface
over basic opam/dune commands.





It would probably be possible to use duninverse on a set of pr=
ojects
containing projects generated by dune, but I don't know enough=
 about
duniverse to be sure.





Of course, drom can manage projects composed of multiple libra=
ries
and executables (called packages because drom gen=
erates one opam
file for every one of them), but I wouldn't call that a mono-repo,
it's just frequent to have more than one package in a small project.















OCaml on the BEAM webinar





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-on-the-beam-webinar/6851/1








Yawar Amin announced





Erlang Solutions is going to do a webinar on Leandro Ostera's new BEAM back=
end for OCaml:
https:=
//www2.erlang-solutions.com/webinar-registration-2





Should be exciting!















ocaml-lsp-server 1.3.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-server-1-3-0/6856/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the ocaml-lsp team, I=E2=80=99d like to announce version 1.3.0.





This release an improvement in keyword completion and a new code action. Ke=
ywords are now filtered by
the context the user requested the completion, and there's a new code actio=
n to quickly populate .mli
files with the the inferred types from the .ml file.















OCaml User Survey 2020





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-user-survey-2020/6624/28








Xavier Leroy announced





Here is a summary and analysis of the survey results I wrote on behalf of t=
he OCaml Software
Foundation: https://www.dropbox.com/s/omba1d8vhljnrcn/OCaml-us=
er-survey-2020.pdf?dl=3D0
Enjoy!















http-cookie 2.0.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-http-cookie-2-0-0/6866/1








Bikal Lem announced





A new version of cookies package - now named http-cookie=
-  has been released to opam. This
version has been rewritten to remove all its external and ppx dependencies =
and now only depends on
stock ocaml and its stdlib.





http-cookie is a RFC 6265 compliant HTTP cookie library.
RFC 6265 is a HTTP cookie standard specifying cookie data validity requirem=
ents.





Additionally, I have also removed the use of Result.t from the=
 previous version and have used
plain old exceptions to denote any cookie data validation errors.

















reparse 2.0.0





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-reparse-2-0-0/6868/1








Bikal Lem announced





A new version of reparse 2.0.0 has been released to opam.





Reparse is a monadic, recursive descent based, comprehensive, parser constr=
uction library for ocaml.








CHANGES for version 2.0.0:




    

  • Rewrite the whole package to use exceptions rather than result type
    • 

  • Adds many more parsing combinators
    • 

  • Adds comprehensive unit tests
    • 

  • Adds comprehensive documentation, host documentation and add links in r=
epo home page
    • 

  • Adds abstraction for input source
    • 

  • Provides unix file source and string input source
    • 

  • Adds separate package reparse-unix for unix file input
    • 

  • Adds calc.ml and json.ml in examples.
    • 





Additionally, the API is now comprehensively documented with at least an ex=
ample for each API call.



















VSCode OCaml Platform v1.5.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-vscode-ocaml-platform-v1-5-0/=
6871/1








Max Lantas announced





We are happy to announce the v1.5.0 release of VSCode OCaml
Platform, a Visual Studio Code extension for
OCaml. It is available on the VSCode
Marketplace and Open
VSX Registry.





This release has the following changes:



    

  • Highlight rec keyword in OCaml mli files for recursive mod=
ules (#434)
    • 

  • Highlight cram stanza in dune-project files (#441)
    • 

  • Fix reason highlighting of let extensions (#447)
    • 

  • Improve highlighting of Menhir new syntax (#450)
    • 

  • Improve Menhir syntax highlighting (#455)
    • 

  • Add Alt + P keyboard shortcut for infer interface code act=
ion (#448)
    • 

  • Infer interface when switching to a non-existing interface file (#437)=

    • 





This is the first release to be automatically published to Open VSX, which =
will benefit users of
VSCodium and other edi=
tors.





Please feel free to share feedback.















Database modelling





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/database-modelling/1150/2








Reviving this very old thread, paul announced





And a version for postgresql:
https://github.=
com/pat227/ocaml-pgsql-model.git















Opium 0.19.0





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opium-0-19-0/6876/1








Thibaut Mattio announced





On behalf of the Opium team, I am pleased to announce a new version of Opiu=
m (0.19.0) is available on
Opam.





This release comes with a complete rewrite of Opium's internals to switch f=
rom Cohttp to Httpaf (work
done by @anuragsoni).





As demonstrated in several benchmarks, Httpaf's latency is much lower than =
Cohttp's in stress tests, so
it is expected that Opium will perform better in these high-pressure situat=
ions.





The underlying HTTP server implementation is now contained in a rock<=
/code> package, that provides a Service
and Filter implementation, inspired by Finagle's. The architecture is simil=
ar to Ruby's Rack library
(hence the name), so one can compose complex web applications by combining =
Rock applications.





The rock package offers a very slim API, with very few depende=
ncies, so it should be an attractive
option for other Web frameworks to build on, which would allow the re-usabi=
lity of middlewares and
handlers, independently of the framework used (e.g. one could use Sihl midd=
lewares with Opium, and vice
versa).





Apart from the architectural changes, this release comes with a lot of addi=
tional utilities and
middlewares which should make Opium a better candidate for complex web appl=
ications, without having to
re-write a lot of common Web server functionalities.





The Request and Response modules now provide:



    

  • JSON encoders/decoders with Yojson
    • 

  • HTML encoders/decoders with Tyxml
    • 

  • XML encoders/decoders with Tyxml
    • 

  • SVG encoders/decoders with Tyxml
    • 

  • multipart/form encoders/decoders with multipart_form_data<=
/li>

  • urlencoded encoders/decoders with Uri
    • 





And the following middlewares are now built-in:



    

  • debugger to display an HTML page with the errors in case o=
f failures
    • 

  • logger to log requests and responses, with a timer
    • 

  • allow_cors to add CORS headers
    • 

  • static to serve static content given a custom read functio=
n (e.g. read from S3)
    • 

  • static_unix to serve static content from the local filesys=
tem
    • 

  • content_length to add the Content-Length head=
er to responses
    • 

  • method_override to replace the HTTP method with the one fo=
und in the _method field of application/x-www-form-urlen=
coded encoded POST requests.
    • 

  • etag to add ETag header to the responses and =
send an HTTP code 304 when the computed ETag matches the one s=
pecified in the request.
    • 

  • method_required to filter the requests by the HTTP method =
and respond with an HTTP code 405 if the method is not allowed=
.
    • 

  • head to add supports for HEAD request for han=
dlers that receive GET requests.
    • 





Lastly, this release also adds a package opium-testing that ca=
n be used to test Opium applications
with Alcotest. It provides Testable modules for every Opium ty=
pes, and implements helper functions to
easily get an Opium.Response from an Opium.Request.





As this release changes the API drastically, we will keep maintaining the <=
code>0.18.0 branch for bug
fixes, for users who don't want to (or can't) migrate to 0.19.0.








What's next?





Recent discussions have shown that building optimized applications was not =
trivial. This is partly due
to the lack of documentation, and probably because some configurations that=
 should come by default, are
left to the user to optimize. Therefore, we will keep performance in mind f=
or the next release and
investigate the current bottlenecks in Opium.





We will also continue adding higher-level functionalities to Opium to make =
users productive with
real-world applications. This includes:



    

  • Sessions support (with signed cookies)
    • 

  • Handlers for authentication
    • 

  • Adding more middlewares (compression, flash messages, caching, etc.)





Your feedback is welcome, don't hesitate to open Issues on Github!













Andreas Poisel asked and Anurag Soni replied







Does Opium + Httpaf support TLS?







It doesn't at the moment.











Calascibetta Romain then said





According the interface of opium, it's possible to have the su=
pport of TLS (with ocaml-tls) with
the new version of Conduit and
paf=
 (which is a MirageOS compatible layer of HTTP/AF -
unreleased):






let stack ip =3D
  Tcpip_stack_socket.UDPV4.connect (=
Some ip) =
>>=3D fun udpv4 ->
  Tcpip_stack_socket.TCPV4.connect (=
Some ip) =
>>=3D fun tcpv4 ->
  Tcpip_stack_socket.connect [ ip ] =
udpv4 tcpv4

let http_with_conduit (ip, port) error_handler reque=
st_handler =3D
  Paf.https httpaf_config ~error_han=
dler ~request_handler:(fun _ -&=
gt; request_handler)
    ({ Paf.TCP.stack=3D stack ip
     ; keepalive=3D None
     ; nodelay=3D false
     ; port=3D port}, Tls.Config.ser=
ver ~certificates ())

let () =3D match Lwt_=
main.run (Opium.run (https_wi=
th_conduit (Ipaddr.V4.localhost, 434=
3)) opium_app) with
  | Ok ()=
 -> ()
  | Error=
 err -> Fmt.epr "%a.\n%!" Conduit_mir=
age.pp_error err







I used it for a long time on my personal unikernels and did some tests to e=
nsure that it=
 does fails
when it handles many requests. Note that you are
able to use OpenSSL too if you want.











Robin Bj=C3=B6rklin also replied





If you want to use this new version of Opium there are ways around this pro=
blem. You could have Haproxy
(or similar) terminate your TLS connections externally and if your environm=
ent requires TLS for your
internal network something like Co=
nsul
Connect
can cover that use-case for you.















Operator lookup tool for OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-operator-lookup-tool-for-oc=
aml/6882/1








Craig Ferguson announced





I'm pleased to announce the initial release of craigfe.io/operator-lookup/,=
 a search tool for OCaml
operators and syntax elements:







3D"=







For each operator, the tool provides a short explanation of its behaviour, =
examples of usage and
warnings of common misuses and misunderstandings:







3D"=







The intent of writing this tool was to give OCaml beginners a quick way to =
find the standard /
conventional operators in the language and to disambiguate "operator-like" =
syntax that can be hard to
search for otherwise. It currently supports:




    

  • all standard library operators,
    • 

  • conventional infix operators (>>=3D, >>|=
, >|=3D),
    • 

  • binding operators (let+, let*, and+, etc.),
    • 

  • syntax that is often confused for an operator (#, ;;=
).
    • 





Please let me know if you have any suggestions for improvements. I hope you=
 find it useful!








Acknowledgements





This tool is heavily based on the JavaScript operator
lookup utility by Josh
Comeau. Thanks to him for the initial idea and for allowing me to
re-use his design elements.













Kakadu asked and Craig Ferguson replied







It's not obvious for me are these operators hardcoded or do you scan opam p=
ackages from time to time?







They're hardcoded. The operators fall into three classes:




    

  • The vast majority of them are from the Stdlib module, so I=
 don't expect those to change very regularly.
    • 


  • A small number of  "conventional" operators used in the community (>>=3D, let*, etc.). Even for that small set the=
re is some divergence in Opam =E2=80=93 c.f. >>| vs >|=3D for a map operator =E2=
=80=93 so I suspect there are not many other candidates for this group.
    • 


  • There are a few regexes behind the scenes for catching valid operator n=
ames that don't fall into the first two categories. e.g. many search terms =
are classified as "_a left-associative operator_" with a correspondingly va=
gue description.
    • 















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 08 to 15,
2020.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

MirageOS 3.10 released
Exception vs Result
Release: scikit-learn, Numpy, Scipy for OCaml, 0.3.1
OCaml 4.10.2
BAP 2.2.0 Release
Liquidshop 1.0, Jan. 17th and 18th, 2021
Opium 0.20.0
Set up OCaml 1.1.5
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


MirageOS 3.10 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  we're pleased to announce MirageOS 3.10:

  IPv6 and dual (IPv4 and IPv6) stack support
  
  

  Since a long time, IPv6 code was around in our TCP/IP stack (thanks to
  @nojb who developed it in 2014).  Some months ago, @hannesm and
  @MagnusS got excited to use it. After we managed to fix some bugs and
  add some test cases, and writing more code to setup IPv6-only and dual
  stacks, we are eager to share this support for MirageOS in a released
  version. We expect there to be bugs lingering around, but duplicate
  address detection (neighbour solicitation and advertisements) has been
  implemented, and (unless "=E2=80=93accept-router-advertisement=3Dfalse") =
router
  advertisements are decoded and used to configure the IPv6 part of the
  stack. Configuring a static IPv6 address is also possible (with
  "=E2=80=93ipv6=3D2001::42/64").

  While at it, we unified the boot arguments between the different
  targets: namely, on Unix (when using the socket stack), you can now
  pass "=E2=80=93ipv4=3D127.0.0.1/24" to the same effect as the direct stac=
k: only
  listen on 127.0.0.1 (the subnet mask is ignored for the Unix socket
  stack).

  A dual stack unikernel has "=E2=80=93ipv4-only=3DBOOL" and "=E2=80=93ipv6=
-only=3DBOOL"
  parameters, so a unikernel binary could support both Internet Protocol
  versions, while the operator can decide which protocol version to
  use. I.e. now there are both development-time (stackv4 vs stackv6 vs
  stackv4v6) choices, as well as the run-time choice (via boot
  parameter).

  I'm keen to remove the stackv4 & stackv6 in future versions, and
  always develop with dual stack (leaving it to configuration & startup
  time to decide whether to enable ipv4 and ipv6).

  Please also note that the default IPv4 network configuration no longer
  uses 10.0.0.1 as default gateway (since there was no way to unset the
  default gateway ).

  For unikernel developers, there are some API changes in the Mirage
  module
  =E2=80=A2 New "v4v6" types for IP protocols and stacks
  =E2=80=A2 The ipv6_config record was adjusted in the same fashion as the
    ipv4_config type: it is now a record of a network (V6.Prefix.t) and
    gateway (V6.t option)

  Some parts of the Mirage_key module were unified as well:
  =E2=80=A2 Arp.ip_address is available (for a dual Ipaddr.t)
  =E2=80=A2 Arg.ipv6_address replaces Arg.ipv6 (for an Ipaddr.V6.t)
  =E2=80=A2 Arg.ipv6 replaces Arg.ipv6_prefix (for a Ipaddr.V6.Prefix.t)
  =E2=80=A2 V6.network and V6.gateway are available, mirroring the V4 submo=
dule

  If you're ready to experiment with the dual stack: below is a diff for
  our basic network example (from mirage-skeleton/device-usage/network)
  replacing IPv4 with a dual stack, and the tlstunnel unikernel commit
  
  changed tlstunnel from IPv4 stack to dual stack.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 diff --git a/device-usage/network/config.ml b/device-usage/netw=
ork/config.ml
  =E2=94=82 index c425edb..eabc9d6 100644
  =E2=94=82 --- a/device-usage/network/config.ml
  =E2=94=82 +++ b/device-usage/network/config.ml
  =E2=94=82 @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ let port =3D
  =E2=94=82    let doc =3D Key.Arg.info ~doc:"The TCP port on which to list=
en for
  =E2=94=82 incoming connections." ["port"] in
  =E2=94=82    Key.(create "port" Arg.(opt int 8080 doc))
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 -let main =3D foreign ~keys:[Key.abstract port] "Unikernel.Main=
" (stackv4
  =E2=94=82 @-> job)
  =E2=94=82 +let main =3D foreign ~keys:[Key.abstract port] "Unikernel.Main"
  =E2=94=82 (stackv4v6 @-> job)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 -let stack =3D generic_stackv4 default_network
  =E2=94=82 +let stack =3D generic_stackv4v6 default_network
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82  let () =3D
  =E2=94=82    register "network" [
  =E2=94=82 diff --git a/device-usage/network/unikernel.ml
  =E2=94=82 b/device-usage/network/unikernel.ml
  =E2=94=82 index 5d29111..1bf1228 100644
  =E2=94=82 --- a/device-usage/network/unikernel.ml
  =E2=94=82 +++ b/device-usage/network/unikernel.ml
  =E2=94=82 @@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
  =E2=94=82  open Lwt.Infix
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 -module Main (S: Mirage_stack.V4) =3D struct
  =E2=94=82 +module Main (S: Mirage_stack.V4V6) =3D struct
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82    let start s =3D
  =E2=94=82      let port =3D Key_gen.port () in
  =E2=94=82 -    S.listen_tcpv4 s ~port (fun flow ->
  =E2=94=82 -        let dst, dst_port =3D S.TCPV4.dst flow in
  =E2=94=82 +    S.listen_tcp s ~port (fun flow ->
  =E2=94=82 +        let dst, dst_port =3D S.TCP.dst flow in
  =E2=94=82 	 Logs.info (fun f -> f "new tcp connection from IP %s on port =
%d"
  =E2=94=82 -                  (Ipaddr.V4.to_string dst) dst_port);
  =E2=94=82 -        S.TCPV4.read flow >>=3D function
  =E2=94=82 +                  (Ipaddr.to_string dst) dst_port);
  =E2=94=82 +        S.TCP.read flow >>=3D function
  =E2=94=82 	 | Ok `Eof -> Logs.info (fun f -> f "Closing connection!");
  =E2=94=82 Lwt.return_unit
  =E2=94=82 -        | Error e -> Logs.warn (fun f -> f "Error reading data=
 from
  =E2=94=82 established connection: %a" S.TCPV4.pp_error e); Lwt.return_unit
  =E2=94=82 +        | Error e -> Logs.warn (fun f -> f "Error reading data=
 from
  =E2=94=82 established connection: %a" S.TCP.pp_error e); Lwt.return_unit
  =E2=94=82 	 | Ok (`Data b) ->
  =E2=94=82 	   Logs.debug (fun f -> f "read: %d bytes:\n%s" (Cstruct.len b)
  =E2=94=82 (Cstruct.to_string b));
  =E2=94=82 -          S.TCPV4.close flow
  =E2=94=82 +          S.TCP.close flow
  =E2=94=82        );
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82      S.listen s
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Other bug fixes include 
  (in ) and adapt to charrua
  1.3.0 and arp 2.3.0 changes
  ().


Exception vs Result
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, Vladimir Keleshev announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  A bit late to the party, but here's an overview of error handling
  methods that I did a while ago:

  [Composable Error Handling in OCaml (keleshev.com)]

  It compares the following approaches:
  =E2=80=A2 Exceptions
  =E2=80=A2 Result type with strings for errors
  =E2=80=A2 Result type with custom variants for errors
  =E2=80=A2 Result type with polymorphic variants for errors


[Composable Error Handling in OCaml (keleshev.com)]



Release: scikit-learn, Numpy, Scipy for OCaml, 0.3.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Ronan Le Hy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've just released an update of OCaml wrappers for scikit-learn:
  =E2=80=A2 documentation: 
  =E2=80=A2 code: 
  =E2=80=A2 `opam install sklearn'

  These bindings also come with bindings for Numpy (`opam install np')
  and Scipy (`opam install scipy').

  Scikit-learn is all of these things:
  =E2=80=A2 Simple and efficient tools for predictive data analysis
  =E2=80=A2 Accessible to everybody, and reusable in various contexts
  =E2=80=A2 Built on NumPy, SciPy, and matplotlib
  =E2=80=A2 Open source, commercially usable - BSD license

  Scikit-learn is robust, well-engineered and covers most basic machine
  learning use cases. As a professional data scientist I use it
  extensively from Python. I built these wrappers because I felt
  challenged by my friend @UnixJunkie's funny R wrappers.

  I don't depend personally on these packages and maintain/improve them
  without any guarantees. They have many unpolished corners. However,
  they have tests and I don't expect them to add too many bugs to
  scikit-learn. Contributions and bug reports are welcome (but be aware
  that the bindings are generated from a big hairy Python script).

  Many thanks to everybody involved in opam!


OCaml 4.10.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The OCaml team has the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Grace
  Hopper by announcing the release of OCaml version 4.10.2.

  This exceptional release makes OCaml 4.10 available on the new
  macOS/arm64 platform, and fixes some compatibility issues for the
  mingw64 and FreeBSD/amd64 platform.

  If OCaml 4.10.1 already works on your platform of choice, this release
  should be completely transparent to you (and can be safely ignored).

  Note that those fixes were backported from OCaml 4.12: further
  improvement to the support of the macOS/arm64 platform will happen on
  the 4.12 branch.

  The release is available as a set of OPAM switches, and as a source
  download here:

  
  


OCaml 4.10.2
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [9938], [9939]: Define __USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO=3D0 for the mingw=
-w64
    ports to prevent their C99-compliant snprintf conflicting with
    ours. (David Allsopp, report by Michael Soegtrop, review by Xavier
    Leroy)


[9938] 

[9939] 

=E2=97=8A Supported platforms:

  =E2=80=A2 [9699], [10026]: add support for iOS and macOS on ARM 64 bits
    Backported from OCaml 4.12.0 (GitHub user @EduardoRFS, review by
    Xavier Leroy, Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r and Anil Madhavapeddy, additi=
onal
    testing by Michael Schmidt)


  [9699] 

  [10026] 


=E2=97=8A Code generation and optimization

  =E2=80=A2 [9752], [10026]: Revised handling of calling conventions for
    external C functions. Provide a more precise description of the
    types of unboxed arguments, so that the ARM64 iOS/macOS calling
    conventions can be honored. Backported from OCaml 4.12.0 (Xavier
    Leroy, review by Mark Shinwell and Github user @EduardoRFS)

  =E2=80=A2 [9969], [9981]: Added mergeable flag tqo ELF sections containing
    mergeable constants.  Fixes compatibility with the integrated
    assembler in clang 11.0.0. Backported from OCaml 4.12.0 (Jacob
    Young, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)


  [9752] 

  [10026] 

  [9969] 

  [9981] 


Anil Madhavapeddy
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  There is also a [macos/arm64 binary of opam] available from the
  releases page for your convenience, and opam repository has been
  updated to understand the new tier-1 constraints imposed by macos/arm
  (i.e. the only working compilers there are 4.10.2 and 4.12.0~dev, and
  `opam init' will now do the right thing).

  There will be a number of packages that are broken due to the shift to
  `/opt/homebrew' from `/usr/local' for Homebrew/ARM (due to the need to
  keep them simultaneously installed on the same Mac), so please feel
  free to submit PRs to opam-repository to fix this stuff.

  We'll shortly have Mac (both Intel and ARM) testing up and running on
  opam-repository, so CI will catch up with reality once more, thanks to
  furious hacking by @patricoferris to extend our ocurrent-based CI
  infrastructure to support the unique vagaries of the Mac environment
  (notably, a total lack of native containers).  We have it working
  locally, and are just upstreaming it now.


[macos/arm64 binary of opam]



BAP 2.2.0 Release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Ivan Gotovchits announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are proud to announce the 2.2.0 release of the Carnegie Mellon
  University [Binary Analysis Platform]. BAP is the framework and
  toolkit for analyzing programs in their machine code
  representation. This update has a lot of [new features] despite that
  originally it was more as a maintenance version. Special thanks to
  @XVilka and [@Phosphorus15] for contributing Thumb/ThumbV2 lifter and
  radare2 integration. We would also like to thank [ForAllSecure] for
  open-sourcing and contributing to us their x86 floating-point
  lifter. The new version of BAP is also much more efficient and we now
  have a much better symbolization facility (so we're no longer really
  dependent on the presence of external tools). Another nice addition is
  a new REPL powered by [ocaml-linenoise], see the demo below.

  


[Binary Analysis Platform]


[new features]


[@Phosphorus15] 

[ForAllSecure] 

[ocaml-linenoise] 


Liquidshop 1.0, Jan. 17th and 18th, 2021
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Romain Beauxis announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are happy to announce that we'll be holding Liquidshop 1.0 these
  coming Jan. 17th & 18th, our first ever (online) conference and
  workshops on liquidsoap and other related technologies and projects!

  Liquidsoap is a statically typed scripting language with specialized
  primitives and operators for creating media streams used for media
  processing, online streaming and a lot more. It is written in OCaml
  and has been maintained for over a decade now.

  We will have 3 different tracks for the event, namely:
  =E2=80=A2 Showcases: short presentations about a website / radio / art
    installation that you built using Liquidsoap or other related tools
  =E2=80=A2 Tech talks: in-depth presentation of a technology related to
    Liquidsoap and streaming in general
  =E2=80=A2 Workshops: user-centered freeform discussions about your projec=
t or
    issues around Liquidsoap and streaming

  If you're interested to participate, wether as an attendee or a
  presenter, make sure to register via our website at:
   or directly via the form
  available at: 

  We are super excited for this event. We have already secured a couple
  of interesting speakers and we would love to get to know the community
  better, see what y'all are doing with liquidsoap and other releated
  projects, community radios, live video, weird installations, etc. and
  meet with everyone.

  Also, if you have any suggestion about the best technical solutions to
  organize such an event, we'd be happy to hear about them.

  Finally, if any of y'all have some specific topics to discuss and
  would like to learn more about liquidsoap, this will be a great place
  to connect!


Opium 0.20.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce a new version of [Opium] web framework
  (0.20.0) is available on Opam.

  Here's the changelog:


[Opium] 

Added
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 New `Auth' module to work with `Authorization' header ([#238])

  =E2=80=A2 New `basic_auth' middleware to protect handlers with a `Basic'
    authentication method ([#238])

  =E2=80=A2 New `Response.of_file' API for conveniently creating a response=
 of a
    file ([#244])

  =E2=80=A2 Add a package `opium-graphql' to easily create GraphQL server w=
ith
    Opium ([#235])

  =E2=80=A2 Add a function `App.run_multicore' that uses pre-forking and sp=
awns
    multiple processes that will handle incoming requests ([#239])


[#238] 

[#244] 

[#235] 

[#239] 


Fixed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Fix reading cookie values when multiple cookies are present in
    `Cookie' header ([#246])

  Happy hacking :slight_smile:


[#246] 


Set up OCaml 1.1.5
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release reduces build time by up to 2 minutes by exporting
  modified `OPAMJOBS' environment variable.

  


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [Memthol: exploring program profiling]
  =E2=80=A2 [Growing the Hardcaml toolset]
  =E2=80=A2 [ Editor Plugin for VSCode and Vim Officially Released!]
  =E2=80=A2 [Announcing Our Market Prediction Kaggle Competition]
  =E2=80=A2 [Every proof assistant: introducing homotopy.io =E2=80=93 a pro=
of assistant
    for geometrical higher category theory]


[OCaml Planet] 

[Memthol: exploring program profiling]


[Growing the Hardcaml toolset]


[ Editor Plugin for VSCode and Vim Officially Released!]


[Announcing Our Market Prediction Kaggle Competition]


[Every proof assistant: introducing homotopy.io =E2=80=93 a proof assistant=
 for
geometrical higher category theory]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 08 to 15, 20=
20.









MirageOS 3.10 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mirageos-3-10-released/6941/1








Hannes Mehnert announced





we're pleased to announce MirageOS 3.10:





IPv6 and dual (IPv4 and IPv6) stack support https://github.com/mirage/mirage/pull/1187
https://github.com=
/mirage/mirage/issues/1190





Since a long time, IPv6 code was around in our TCP/IP stack (thanks to @noj=
b who developed it in 2014).
Some months ago, @hannesm and @MagnusS got excited to use it. After we mana=
ged to fix some bugs and add
some test cases, and writing more code to setup IPv6-only and dual stacks, =
we are eager to share this
support for MirageOS in a released version. We expect there to be bugs ling=
ering around, but duplicate
address detection (neighbour solicitation and advertisements) has been impl=
emented, and (unless
"–accept-router-advertisement=3Dfalse") router advertisements are de=
coded and used to configure the IPv6
part of the stack. Configuring a static IPv6 address is also possible (with
"–ipv6=3D2001::42/64").





While at it, we unified the boot arguments between the different targets: n=
amely, on Unix (when using
the socket stack), you can now pass "–ipv4=3D127.0.0.1/24" to the sa=
me effect as the direct stack: only
listen on 127.0.0.1 (the subnet mask is ignored for the Unix socket stack).





A dual stack unikernel has "–ipv4-only=3DBOOL" and "–ipv6-onl=
y=3DBOOL" parameters, so a unikernel binary
could support both Internet Protocol versions, while the operator can decid=
e which protocol version to
use. I.e. now there are both development-time (stackv4 vs stackv6 vs stackv=
4v6) choices, as well as the
run-time choice (via boot parameter).





I'm keen to remove the stackv4 & stackv6 in future versions, and always=
 develop with dual stack
(leaving it to configuration & startup time to decide whether to enable=
 ipv4 and ipv6).





Please also note that the default IPv4 network configuration no longer uses=
 10.0.0.1 as default gateway
(since there was no way to unset the default gateway https://github.com/mirage/mirage/issues/=
1147).





For unikernel developers, there are some API changes in the Mirage module



    

  • New "v4v6" types for IP protocols and stacks
    • 

  • The ipv6_config record was adjusted in the same fashion as the ipv4_con=
fig type: it is now a record of a network (V6.Prefix.t) and gateway (V6.t o=
ption)
    • 





Some parts of the Mirage_key module were unified as well:



    

  • Arp.ip_address is available (for a dual Ipaddr.t)
    • 

  • Arg.ipv6_address replaces Arg.ipv6 (for an Ipaddr.V6.t)
    • 

  • Arg.ipv6 replaces Arg.ipv6_prefix (for a Ipaddr.V6.Prefix.t)
    • 

  • V6.network and V6.gateway are available, mirroring the V4 submodule
    • 





If you're ready to experiment with the dual stack: below is a diff for our =
basic network example (from
mirage-skeleton/device-usage/network) replacing IPv4 with a dual stack, and=
 the tlstunnel unikernel
commit
https://github.com/roburio/tlstunnel/commit/2cb3e5aa1=
1fca4b48bb524f3c0dbb754a6c8739b
changed tlstunnel from IPv4 stack to dual stack.






diff=
 --git a/device-usage/network/config.ml b/device-usage/network/config.ml
index c425edb..eabc9d6 100644
--- a/device-usage/network/config.ml
+++ b/device-usage/network/config.ml
@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ let port =3D
   let doc =3D Key.Arg.info ~doc:"The TCP port on which to listen for
incoming connections." ["port"] in
   Key.(create "port" Arg.(opt int 8080 doc))

-let main =3D foreign ~keys:[Key.abstract=
 port] "Unikernel.Main" (stackv4
@-> job)
+let main =3D foreign ~keys:[Key.abstract=
 port] "Unikernel.Main"
(stackv4v6 @-> job)

-let stack =3D generic_stackv4 default_ne=
twork
+let stack =3D generic_stackv4v6 default_network

 let () =3D
   register "network" [
diff --git a/device-usage/networ=
k/unikernel.ml
b/device-usage/network/unikernel.ml
index 5d29111..1bf1228 100644
--- a/device-usage/network/unikernel.m=
l
+++ b/device-usage/network/unikernel.m=
l
@@ -1,19 +1,19 @@
 open Lwt.Infix

-module Main (S: Mirage_stack.V4) =3D str=
uct
+module Main (S: Mirage_stack.V4V6) =3D s=
truct

   let start s =3D
     let port =3D Key_gen.port () in
-    S.listen_tcpv4 s ~port (fun flow -&g=
t;
-        let dst, dst_port =3D S.TCPV4.ds=
t flow in
+    S.listen_tcp s ~port (fun flow ->=

+        let dst, dst_port =3D S.TCP.dst =
flow in
         Logs.info (fun f -> f "new tcp connection from IP %s on port %d"
-                  (Ipaddr.V4.to_string d=
st) dst_port);
-        S.TCPV4.read flow >>=3D fu=
nction
+                  (Ipaddr.to_string dst)=
 dst_port);
+        S.TCP.read flow >>=3D func=
tion
         | Ok `Eof -> Logs.info (fun f -> f "Closing connection!");
Lwt.return_unit
-        | Error e -> Logs.warn (fun f=
 -> f "Error reading data from
established connection: %a" S.TCPV4.pp_error e); Lwt.return_unit
+        | Error e -> Logs.warn (fun f=
 -> f "Error reading data from
established connection: %a" S.TCP.pp_error e); Lwt.return_unit
         | Ok (`Data b) ->
           Logs.debug (fun f -> f "read: %d bytes:\n%s" (Cstruct.len b)
(Cstruct.to_string b));
-          S.TCPV4.close flow
+          S.TCP.close flow
       );

     S.listen s







Other bug fixes include https://github.com/mirage/mirage/issues/1188 (in
https://github.com/m=
irage/mirage/pull/1201) and adapt to charrua 1.3.0 and arp 2.3.0 changes
(https://github.com/=
mirage/mirage/pull/1199).















Exception vs Result





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/exception-vs-result/6931/18








Continuing this thread, Vladimir Keleshev announced




A bit late to the party, but here's an overview of error handling methods t=
hat I did a while ago:





Composa=
ble Error Handling in OCaml
(keleshev.com)





It compares the following approaches:



    

  • Exceptions
    • 

  • Result type with strings for errors
    • 

  • Result type with custom variants for errors
    • 

  • Result type with polymorphic variants for errors
    • 















Release: scikit-learn, Numpy, Scipy for OCaml, 0.3.1





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-s=
cikit-learn-numpy-scipy-for-ocaml-0-3-1/6942/1








Ronan Le Hy announced





I've just released an update of OCaml wrappers for scikit-learn:






These bindings also come with bindings for Numpy (opam install np) and Scipy (opam install scipy).





Scikit-learn is all of these things:



    

  • Simple and efficient tools for predictive data analysis
    • 

  • Accessible to everybody, and reusable in various contexts
    • 

  • Built on NumPy, SciPy, and matplotlib
    • 

  • Open source, commercially usable - BSD license
    • 





Scikit-learn is robust, well-engineered and covers most basic machine learn=
ing use cases. As a
professional data scientist I use it extensively from Python. I built these=
 wrappers because I felt
challenged by my friend @UnixJunkie's funny R wrappers.





I don't depend personally on these packages and maintain/improve them witho=
ut any guarantees. They have
many unpolished corners. However, they have tests and I don't expect them t=
o add too many bugs to
scikit-learn. Contributions and bug reports are welcome (but be aware that =
the bindings are generated
from a big hairy Python script).





Many thanks to everybody involved in opam!















OCaml 4.10.2





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-4-10-2/6945/1








octachron announced





The OCaml team has the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Grace Hopper=
 by announcing
the release of OCaml version 4.10.2.





This exceptional release makes OCaml 4.10 available on the new macOS/arm64 =
platform,
and fixes some compatibility issues for the mingw64 and FreeBSD/amd64 platf=
orm.





If OCaml 4.10.1 already works on your platform of choice, this release shou=
ld be
completely transparent to you (and can be safely ignored).





Note that those fixes were backported from OCaml 4.12: further improvement =
to the support
of the macOS/arm64 platform will happen on the 4.12 branch.





The release is available as a set of OPAM switches,
and as a source download here:





https://gi=
thub.com/ocaml/ocaml/archive/4.10.2.tar.gz 

https://caml.inri=
a.fr/pub/distrib/ocaml-4.10/








OCaml 4.10.2




    

  • 9938, 9939: Define __USE_MIN=
GW_ANSI_STDIO=3D0 for the mingw-w64 ports to prevent their C99-compliant sn=
printf conflicting with ours. (David Allsopp, report by Michael Soegtrop, r=
eview by Xavier Leroy)
    • 






    

  • Supported platforms:
    

    

      

    • 9699, 10026: add support fo=
r iOS and macOS on ARM 64 bits Backported from OCaml 4.12.0 (GitHub user @E=
duardoRFS, review by Xavier Leroy, Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r and Anil Mad=
havapeddy, additional testing by Michael Schmidt)
      • 

    

    

    • 


  • Code generation and optimization
    

    

      

    • 9752, 10026: Revised handli=
ng of calling conventions for external C functions. Provide a more precise =
description of the types of unboxed arguments, so that the ARM64 iOS/macOS =
calling conventions can be honored. Backported from OCaml 4.12.0 (Xavier Le=
roy, review by Mark Shinwell and Github user @EduardoRFS)
      • 


    • 9969, 9981: Added mergeable =
flag tqo ELF sections containing mergeable constants.  Fixes compatibility =
with the integrated assembler in clang 11.0.0. Backported from OCaml 4.12.0=
 (Jacob Young, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)
      • 

    

    

    • 











Anil Madhavapeddy





There is also a macos/arm64 binary of opam
available from the releases page for your convenience, and opam repository =
has been updated to
understand the new tier-1 constraints imposed by macos/arm (i.e. the only w=
orking compilers there are
4.10.2 and 4.12.0~dev, and opam init will now do the right thi=
ng).





There will be a number of packages that are broken due to the shift to /opt/homebrew from
/usr/local for Homebrew/ARM (due to the need to keep them simu=
ltaneously installed on the same Mac),
so please feel free to submit PRs to opam-repository to fix this stuff.





We'll shortly have Mac (both Intel and ARM) testing up and running on opam-=
repository, so CI will catch
up with reality once more, thanks to furious hacking by @patricoferris to e=
xtend our ocurrent-based CI
infrastructure to support the unique vagaries of the Mac environment (notab=
ly, a total lack of native
containers).  We have it working locally, and are just upstreaming it now.















BAP 2.2.0 Release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bap-2-2-0-release/6950/1








Ivan Gotovchits announced





We are proud to announce the 2.2.0 release of the Carnegie Mellon Universit=
y Binary Analysis
Platform. BAP is the framework and toolkit for analyzing programs in th=
eir machine code
representation. This update has a lot of new features despite that o=
riginally it was more as a
maintenance version. Special thanks to @XVilka and @Phosphorus15  for contributing Thumb/ThumbV2
lifter and radare2 integration. We would also like to thank ForAllSecure for open-sourcing and
contributing to us their x86 floating-point lifter. The new version of BAP =
is also much more efficient
and we now have a much better symbolization facility (so we're no longer re=
ally dependent on the
presence of external tools). Another nice addition is a new REPL powered by=
 ocaml-linen=
oise, see the
demo below.





https://asciinema.org/a/358996















Liquidshop 1.0, Jan. 17th and 18th, 2021





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-liquidshop-1-0-jan-17th-=
18th-2021/6951/1








Romain Beauxis announced





We are happy to announce that we'll be holding Liquidshop 1.0 these coming =
Jan. 17th & 18th, our first
ever (online) conference and workshops on liquidsoap and other related tech=
nologies and projects!





Liquidsoap is a statically typed scripting language with specialized primit=
ives and operators for
creating media streams used for media processing, online streaming and a lo=
t more. It is written in
OCaml and has been maintained for over a decade now.





We will have 3 different tracks for the event, namely:



    

  • Showcases: short presentations about a website / radio / art installati=
on that you built using Liquidsoap or other related tools
    • 

  • Tech talks: in-depth presentation of a technology related to Liquidsoap=
 and streaming in general
    • 

  • Workshops: user-centered freeform discussions about your project or iss=
ues around Liquidsoap and streaming
    • 





If you're interested to participate, wether as an attendee or a presenter, =
make sure to register via
our website at: http://w=
ww.liquidsoap.info/liquidshop/ or directly via the form available at:
https://forms.gle/HdGNLz5qM=
3HVU1ub7





We are super excited for this event. We have already secured a couple of in=
teresting speakers and we
would love to get to know the community better, see what y'all are doing wi=
th liquidsoap and other
releated projects, community radios, live video, weird installations, etc. =
and meet with everyone.





Also, if you have any suggestion about the best technical solutions to orga=
nize such an event, we'd be
happy to hear about them.





Finally, if any of y'all have some specific topics to discuss and would lik=
e to learn more about
liquidsoap, this will be a great place to connect!















Opium 0.20.0





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opium-0-20-0/6955/1








Thibaut Mattio announced





I'm pleased to announce a new version of Opium web framework
(0.20.0) is available on Opam.





Here's the changelog:








Added












Fixed




    

  • Fix reading cookie values when multiple cookies are present in Co=
okie header (#246)
    • 





Happy hacking :slight_smile:

















Set up OCaml 1.1.5





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-5/6971/1








Sora Morimoto announced





This release reduces build time by up to 2 minutes by exporting modified OPAMJOBS environment
variable.





https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.5




















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 15 to 22, 20=
20.









ocaml-lsp-server 1.4.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-server-1-4-0/6996/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the ocaml-lsp team, it is my pleasure to announce version 1.4.=
0. This release introduces
support for =
automatic signature
help.
Signature help is not yet present in all possible contexts. We intend to im=
prove to support as many
relevant language constructs as possible in the future. Many thanks to @mnx=
n for implementing this
feature.





The full change log is replicated at the end of this post for your convenie=
nce.





Happy Holidays!




    

  • Support cancellation notifications when possible. (#323)
    • 


  • Implement signature help request for functions (#324)
    • 


  • Server LSP requests & notifications concurrently. Requests that req=
uire merlin are still serialized. (#330)
    • 















OCaml 4.12.0, third alpha release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-12-0-third-alpha-release/=
6997/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.12.0 is approaching. We have released a third alpha
version to help fellow hackers join us early in our bug hunting and
opam ecosystem fixing fun.





Beyond the usual bug fixes, this new alpha version contains two small API f=
ixes
for statmemprof and the Unix module. (Keen-eyed readers might notice a brea=
king
change in the change log below but this concerns a corner case of a corner =
case
of the type system that should not affect anyone.)





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands





opam update
opam switch create 4.12.0~alpha3
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can pick config=
uration options with





opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~a=
lpha3+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where <option_list> is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-* packa=
ges. For
instance, for a flambda and afl enabled switch:





opam switch create 4.12.0~alpha3+flambda+afl
--packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~alpha3+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocam=
l-option-afl
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






All available options can be listed with "opam search ocaml-option".





The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:







If you want to test this version, it is advised to install the alpha opam r=
epository





https://gi=
thub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository





with





opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-ka=
te/opam-alpha-repository.git






This alpha repository contains various packages patched with fixes in the
process of being upstreamed. Once the repository installed, these patched
packages will take precedence over the non-patched version.





If you find any bugs, please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues








Changes from the second alpha:




    

  • additional fixes 1128, 75=
03, 9036, 9722, +10069: EINTR-based signal =
handling. When a signal arrives, avoid running its OCaml handler in the mid=
dle of a blocking section. Instead, allow control to return quickly to a po=
lling point where the signal handler can safely run, ensuring that
    • 


  • 9907: Fix na=
tive toplevel on native Windows. (David Allsopp, review by Florian Angelett=
i)
    • 


  • 10056: Memp=
rof: ensure young_trigger is within the bounds of the minor heap in caml_me=
mprof_renew_minor_sample (regression from 8684) (David Allsopp, review by Guillaume Munch-M=
accagnoni and Jacques-Henri Jourdan)
    • 


  • 10062: set =
ARCH_INT64_PRINTF_FORMAT correctly for both modes of mingw-w64 (David Allso=
pp, review by Xavier Leroy)
    • 


  • 10025: Trac=
k custom blocks (e.g. Bigarray) with Statmemprof (Stephen Dolan, review by =
Leo White, Gabriel Scherer and Jacques-Henri Jourdan)
    • 


  • 10070: Fix =
Float.Array.blit when source and destination arrays coincide. (Nicol=C3=A1s=
 Ojeda B=C3=A4r, review by Alain Frisch and Xavier Leroy)
    • 


  • additional fixes 9869, +=
10073: Add Unix.SO_REUSEPORT (Yishuai Li, review by Xavier Leroy, amend=
ed by David Allsopp)
    • 


  • 9877: manual=
, warn that multi-index indexing operators should be defined in conjunction=
 of single-index ones. (Florian Angeletti, review by Hezekiah M. Carty, Gab=
riel Scherer, and Marcello Seri)
    • 


  • 10046: Link=
 all DLLs with -static-libgcc on mingw32 to prevent dependency on libgcc_s_=
sjlj-1.dll with mingw-w64 runtime 8.0.0 (previously this was only needed fo=
r dllunix.dll). (David Allsopp, report by Andreas Hauptmann, review by Xavi=
er Leroy)
    • 


  • 9896: Share =
the strings representing scopes, fixing some regression on .cmo/.cma sizes =
(Alain Frisch and Xavier Clerc, review by Gabriel Scherer)
    • 


  • 10044: Alwa=
ys report the detected ARCH, MODEL and SYSTEM, even for bytecode- only buil=
ds (fixes a "configuration regression" from 4.08 for the Windows builds) (D=
avid Allsopp, review by Xavier Leroy)
    • 


  • 10071: Fix =
bug in tests/misc/weaklifetime.ml that was reported in 10055 (Damien Doligez and Gabriel S=
cherer, report by David Allsopp)
    • 


  • breaking change 8907, 987=
8: Typemod.normalize_signature uses wrong environment Does=
 not treat submodules differently when normalizing conjunctive types in pol=
ymorphic variants. This may break code that expose conjunctive types in inf=
erred interface. (Jacques Garrigue, report and review by Leo White)
    • 


  • 9739, 9747: Avoid calling ty=
pe variables, types that are not variables in recursive occurence error mes=
sages (for instance, "Type variable int occurs inside int list") (Florian A=
ngeletti, report by Stephen Dolan, review by Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=A9neau)
    • 


  • 10048: Fix =
bug with generalized local opens. (Leo White, review by Thomas Refis)
    • 

















Lwt 5.4.0, Lwt_ppx 2.0.2, Lwt_react 1.1.4 releases





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-5-4-0=
-lwt-ppx-2-0-2-lwt-react-1-1-4-releases/7001/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





We are glad to announce the release of version 5.4.0 of Lwt, version 2.0.2 =
of Lwt_ppx, and version
1.1.4 of Lwt_react.





https://githu=
b.com/ocsigen/lwt/releases/tag/5.4.0





It can be installed from opam as usual:






opam update
opam upgrade lwt lwt_ppx lwt_react










OCaml 4.12 compatibility





With this release, Lwt is now compatible with OCaml 4.12. Thanks @kit-ty-ka=
te for the contribution
towards this support.





Thanks as well to all the other contributors for all the other improvements=
 that made it into this
release. Check-out the release's changelog (link above) for a full list of =
bugfixes and additions.










Maintainers' notes





As per a previous announce I am
a co-maintainer of Lwt. With this release I'm taking on a more and more cen=
tral role in the maintenance
effort. Whilst I've received a lot of help getting this release together, I=
'm most likely the one
responsible for any issues in the process.





I'd like to thank @antron who is as stellar with maintenance of the project=
 as he is with guiding me
through the learning process. I'd also like to thank the opam-repository te=
am who stepped up very
quickly to fix some CI-related build-issues. And I'd like to thank my emplo=
yer, Nomadic
Labs, who agreed to make Lwt maintenance part of my day job.





I'm looking forward to all your bug reports, pull requests, comments, ideas=
, questions, remarks, as
well as any sort of feedback. Don't hesitate to get in touch!

















Senior software engineer at Docent, France - Remote OK





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/senior-softwar=
e-engineer-at-docent-france-remote-ok/7002/1








Thibaut Mattio announced





Docent, a company I'm working with, is recruiting an OCaml developer. You c=
an see the job post
here





The team and project are really nice, I would definitely recommend it!





I've built the current version of the backend, so don't hesitate to reach o=
ut
(thibaut.mattio@gmail.com) if you have any questions on the tech (or other).















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 22 to 29, 2020.









ppx_deriving_yaml 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-deriving-yaml-0-1-0/7007/1








Patrick Ferris announced





I'm proud to announce the first release (and my first release) of
ppx_deriving_yaml. If you are familiar with the
excellent ppx_deriving_yojson then this library
should come as no surprise. In fact it helped me a lot in writing this ppx, so thank you to its
creators/maintainers.








Installation




$ opam update
$ opam install ppx_deriving_yaml










Usage





Ppx_deriving_yaml converts your OCaml types to the "basic" OCaml Yaml value
type
(the one that is currently compatible with ezjsonm). So for example you can have:






type t = { title: string; authors: string list } [@@deriving yaml]

let () =
  let v = { title = "Yaml PPX!"; authors = [ "Patrick Ferris" ] } in
  let yaml = to_yaml v in
  Yaml.pp Format.std_formatter yaml;
  match of_yaml yaml with
    | Ok t -> Format.print_string t.title
    | Error (`Msg m) -> failwith m







The ppx generates two functions:






val of_yaml : Yaml.value -> t Yaml.res
val to_yaml : t -> Yaml.value







And when built with this dune file:




(executable
 (name main)
 (libraries yaml)
 (preprocess
  (pps ppx_deriving_yaml)))





The following output is generated:






title: Yaml PPX!
authors:
- Patrick Ferris
Yaml PPX!







The README contains some
more information and the library is still a little rough around the edges, especially with error
reporting, but I'm currently using it in a few places such as an "ocaml-ified" github
actions library (ppx_deriving_yaml's test
workflow was
automatically generated with it :sparkles:). This is a nice example of how it can be used in a fairly
straightforward way to generate OCaml versions of the many projects that use Yaml for configuration
files.





Happy yaml-ing :)

















A Heroku buildpack for OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-a-heroku-buildpack-for-ocaml/7012/1








roddy announced





I wrote a Heroku buildpack for OCaml web apps
that use opam/dune.















opam-dune-lint - keep opam and dune dependencies in sync





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-dune-lint-keep-opam-and-dune-dependencies-in-sync/7014/1








Thomas Leonard announced





We're pleased to announce the first release of
opam-dune-lint. This little tool checks that every
ocamlfind dependency listed in your dune files has the corresponding opam package listed as a
dependency in your *.opam file(s).





e.g.




$ cd charrua
$ opam dune-lint
charrua-client.opam: changes needed:
  "tcpip" {with-test & >= 6.0.0}           [from test/client, test/client/lwt]
charrua-server.opam: changes needed:
  "ppx_cstruct" {with-test & >= 6.0.0}     [from (ppx), test]
  "tcpip" {with-test & >= 6.0.0}           [from test]
charrua-unix.opam: changes needed:
  "cstruct-lwt" {>= 6.0.0}                 [from unix]
  "ipaddr" {>= 5.0.1}                      [from unix]
  "tcpip" {>= 6.0.0}                       [from unix]
charrua.opam: OK
Note: version numbers are just suggestions based on the currently installed version.
Write changes? [y] y
Wrote "./charrua-client.opam"
Wrote "./charrua-server.opam"
Wrote "./charrua-unix.opam"





If your project generates the opam files from dune-project, then it will update your dune-project
instead.





It can also be useful to run this in CI. It will exit with a non-zero exit status if anything needs to
be changed. ocaml-ci runs this automatically as part of the "lint-opam"
check.















Scirep, a utility for literate programming





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/scirep-a-utility-for-literate-programming/7016/1








Philippe announced





I wrote a utility called scirep to render a markdown file with
OCaml code blocks as an HTML document, which provides some support for graphics. Here are some examples
of generated documents: one based on vg, and another using
owl-plplot.





It can also be used downstream of mdx as a markdown-to-html
converter that detects pictures in the toplevel's standard output and renders them in the final
document.





It is really a hack, and it is poorly documented, but I'm advertising it in case it might be useful to
others.















Camel Calendar for 2021





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/camel-calendar-for-2021/7020/1








Florent Monnier announced





I would like to share with you a camel calendar for 2021 in
pdf with the nice theme from ocaml dot
org.





It was generated from an ocaml script that you can find in this repo: svg calendar
generator.





Several scripts are available, you can find some results on this web
page.





At the beginning of 2020 I was searching for a free software to generate calendars in SVG that I could
customise for my own use, but I was unable to install the Perl script that exists (it has a lot of
dependencies and the error message when I try to install it didn't help us to find what's wrong with
it).





This explains the design of these scripts, that are made to work without any dependencies and without
any compilation. There's code duplication, but every script only need the ocaml interpreter to be run,
so most people comfortable with the command line should be able to use it.





(I also tried to sell some on Etsy but didn't sold a single
one.)





By default 12 languages are included in every script, but you can generate the calendars for more than
200 languages if you use these dates locales that come from
the CLDR repository.





You can also switch monday first or sunday first.





These generators are provided under Zlib license.





I hope some will enjoy!















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 29, 2020 to =
January 05, 2021.









First release of Feat





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-feat/7033/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





A brief note to announce the first release of Feat:




opam update
opam install feat





Feat is a library that offers support for counting, enumerating, and sampli=
ng
objects of a certain kind, such as (say) the inhabitants of an algebraic da=
ta
type.





Feat was inspired by the paper "Feat: Functional Enumeration of Algebraic T=
ypes"
by Jonas Dureg=C3=A5rd, Patrik Jansson and Meng Wang (2012).





More details can be found here:





https://gitlab.inria.fr/=
fpottier/feat/















OCluster and OBuilder





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocluster-and-obuilder/7035/1








Thomas Leonard announced





I'm pleased to announce the first release of OCluster. A user
can submit a build job (either a Dockerfile or an OBuilder spec) to the sch=
eduler, which then runs the
build on a worker machine, streaming the logs back to the client.





This is the build scheduler / cluster manager that we use for e.g.
opam-repo-ci (whic=
h you may have seen in action if you
submitted a package to opam-repository recently).





See ocurrent/overview =
for a quick overview of the various other
CI services using it too.





To install and run the scheduler use e.g.






opam depext -i ocluster
mkdir capnp-secrets
ocluster-scheduler \
  --capnp-secret-key-file=3D./capnp-secrets/key.pem \
  --capnp-listen-address=3Dtcp:0.0.0.0:9000 \
  --capnp-public-address=3Dtcp:127.0.0.1:9000 \
  --state-dir=3D/var/lib/ocluster-scheduler \
  --pools=3Dlinux-arm32,linux-x86_64







It will generate key.pem on the first run, as well as various =
capability files granting access for
workers and clients. You then copy each generated pool capability (e.g. pool-linux-x86_64.cap) to
each machine you want in that pool, and run ocluster-worker pool-linu=
x-x86_64.cap to start the worker
agent. See the README for full details.





OBuilder is an alterna=
tive to docker build. The main
differences are that it takes a spec in S-expression format, which is easie=
r to generate than a
Dockerfile, handles concurrent builds reliably, and keeps copies of the log=
s so that you still see the
output even if someone else performed the same build step earlier and the r=
esult is therefore taken
from the cache.





It currently supports ZFS and Btrfs for storage (it needs cheap snapshots) =
and runc for sandboxing
builds. macos su=
pport is under development, but not
yet upstreamed. It should be fairly easy to add support for any platform th=
at has some form of secure
chroot.





OCluster supports monitoring with Prometheus, so you can see what the clust=
er is doing:







3D"d=

















Plotting 3D vectors





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/plotting-3d-vectors/7038/1








Andreas Poisel asked





I'm doing linear algebra with Owl.  Owl-plplot works great for visualizing =
2D vectors, but it doesn't
seem to capable of plotting 3D vectors.





I took a (fast) look at vanilla Plplot,
Oplot, and the GNUplot
bindings, but I didn't find a simple way to plot 3D vectors.





I don't need high quality plots, 3D surfaces, a lot of control or fancy fea=
tures, just a coordinate
system and some function to draw geometric primitives (points, lines, circl=
es, etc.).





Did I miss anything or do I have to build this myself with the good old Gra=
phics module?











Marshall Abrams replied





What kind of vector representation do you want?  Just lines/arrows in 3D?  =
That's just a curve in 3D,
so it should be possible with Owl and plplot, at least.  Looks like it shou=
ld be easy with oplot, too
(but I haven't used oplot).  There are some 3D Owl plplot examples, with so=
urce code, on these pages:





https://ocaml.xyz/boo=
k/visualisation.html





https://github.com/owlbarn/owl/wiki/Tutorial:-How-to-Plot-in-Owl%3F





https://github=
.com/owlbarn/owl/wiki/Plot-Gallery





I don't know whether it will be easy to adapt them to your needs.  I wrote =
the last example on the last
page above.  It's a plot of a series 2D curves in 3D.  Maybe some of the te=
chniques can be adapted to
your needs.  (The code is a few years old.  I'm not sure whether it works w=
ith the current version of
Owl.)





(If you end up having to use low-level bindings to plplot, oplot, etc. from=
 Owl, you might consider
contributing a wrapper module that makes it easy to do the kind of plot you=
 want.)











Andreas Poisel then said





Thank you for your answer.





I'd just like to draw 3D vectors in a cartesian coordinate system.  A plot =
should look similar to this:







3D"800px-3D_Vector.svg.png"







I wouldn't even need arrows, simple lines would be ok.





Maybe there is a way to use one of the 3D functions (Plot.surf=
, Plot.mesh, Plot.contour), but I
can't figure it out.











Hezekiah Carty replied





It's been a while since I worked with plplot but what you showed should be =
possible. The
plline3 function allows you to plot
line segments in 3d space. The function is setup to take multiple segments =
in a single call. For a
single segment each array would hold a single value. Colors can be set betw=
een draw calls.











sanette also replied





in oplot, there is the Curve3d object that should do it,
https://sanette.github.io/oplot/oplot/Oplot/Plt/index.=
html#type-plot_object.Curve3d
although it is quite rudimentary















Marshal determinism and stability





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/marshal-determinism-and-stabili=
ty/7041/25








Deep in this thread, Bikal Lem mentioned and Rapha=C3=
=ABl Proust described







Binary module of =
data-encoding







Quick notes about this approach:




    

  • It is used extensively in the Tezos codebase. For data exchange (in the=
 p2p layer), for data at rest (configuration files), and for a mix of the t=
wo (serialisation of economic protocol data which is both exchanged by peer=
s and stored on disk).
    • 

  • It is flexible in that you have great control over the representation o=
f data and the serialisation/deserialisation procedure. There is a medium-t=
erm plan to allow even more control. For now you can decide, say, if 8 bool=
eans are represented as one byte, 8 bytes, or 8 words (or something else al=
together) (see code below).
    • 

  • Some of the responsibility for correctness rests upon your shoulders as=
 a user. E.g., when you encode a tuple, the left element must have either a=
 fixed length (e.g., be an int8, int32, etc., be a fixed-length string, or =
be a tuple of fixed-length values) or be prefixed by a length marker (which=
 the library provides a combinator for). Most of the errors for this are ra=
ised when you declare the encoding and a few are raised when you use the en=
coding. I recommend writing some tests to check that your encodings accept =
the range of values that you are going to throw at them.
    • 

  • The library is well tested: there are tests using crowbar to check that=
 encoding and decoding are actual inverse of each others.
    • 





Let me know if you have more questions. And in the meantime, here's two dif=
ferent encodings for a tuple
of 8 booleans:






(* easy-encoding, produces 8 bytes *)
let boolsas8bytes =3D
   tup8 bool bool bool bool bool bool bool bool

(* v=
ery-compact encoding, produces 1 byte let boolsas1byte =3D
   conv
      (fun (b1, b2, b3, b4, =
b5, =
b6, b7, b8) ->
         let acc =3D 0 in
         let acc =3D =
if b1 then acc lor 0b10000000 els=
e acc in
         let acc =3D =
if b2 then acc lor 0b01000000 els=
e acc in
         let acc =3D =
if b3 then acc lor 0b00100000 els=
e acc in
         …
         acc)
      (fun i ->
         let b1 =3D i land 0b10000000 <> 0 in
         let b1 =3D i land 0b01000000 <> 0 in
         let b1 =3D i land 0b00100000 <> 0 in
         …
         (b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8))
      uint8







In general, data-encoding is probably slower than marshal, but its strong p=
oints are:



    

  • it offers some type guarantees,
    • 

  • it gives you some control over the representation of the data,
    • 

  • it allows you to define representations that are easy to parse in other=
 languages or in other versions of the same language,
    • 

  • it generates documentation about the data-representation.
    • 















It there a tutorial for js_of_ocaml with simple g=
raphics?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/it-there-=
a-tutorial-for-js-of-ocaml-with-simple-graphics/4636/7








Deep in this thread, Phat Ky said





This is a really, really late reply but this youtube video was very helpful=
 to me …
https://www.youtu=
be.com/watch?v=3Dh_e5pPKI0K4















Interesting OCaml exercises from Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier availab=
le online





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/interesting-ocaml-exercises-from-francois-pottier-available-online/7050/1<=
/a>








gasche announced





The recent URL https://ocaml-sf.org/learn-ocaml-public/#activity%3Dexercises=

contains auto-graded OCaml exercises, in particular a bunch of advanced and=
 fairly interesting
exercices written by Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier, which I would recommend for any=
one knowledgeable in OCaml and
curious about algorithms and functional programming. (You have to scroll do=
wn to see those, the
exercises at the top come from the OCaml MOOC.)





See for example Fran=C3=A7ois' exercises on:






Context: the exercise platform is LearnOCaml, initially
written by OCamlPro for the OCaml MOOC and maintaing by Yann R=C3=A9gis-Gia=
nas (@yurug) on behalf of the
OCaml Software Foundation. We (at the =
Foundation) are trying to assemble a
corpus of nice OCaml exercises for teachers and people self-studying, and t=
he nice exercises by
Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier (@fpottier) were written as part of this initiative.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 05 to 12,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Marshal determinism and stability
Sedlex + Menhir parser for both tty and file parsing
First release of awa-ssh
Introducing Feather: A lightweight shell-scripting library for OCaml
postdoc researcher and research engineer positions for CHERI and Arm verifi=
cation
First ocb (OCaml Badgen) release
Release of OCaml-Git v3.0 and co
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Marshal determinism and stability
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, David Allsopp said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  A couple of notes on `Marshal', which I don't think have been covered
  =E2=80=A2 Although the guarantee is only between identical versions of OC=
aml,
    the implementation actually goes to considerable lengths to maintain
    backwards compatibility (so a value _written_ by older OCaml remains
    _readable_ in newer OCaml). Our own testsuite, for example,
    indirectly [includes a test which unmarshals a 3.12.1 value]. I
    don't know exactly how far back the support goes.
  =E2=80=A2 As it happens, the change which affected Unison in 4.08 was the
    first breaking change to Marshal since either 4.00 or 4.01. The fact
    that it doesn't break often (and that the two code paths - at least
    at present - are small) meant I have suggested a few months back
    that we could in future add an additional flag in the style of
    `Compat_32' to allow values to be written in a way which should be
    readable on older versions of OCaml. Indeed, it's small enough that
    flags could be added for the changes in 4.08 ([PR#1683]) and in 4.11
    ([PR#8791]).
  =E2=80=A2 Neither point undermines using alternative formats either for
    network serialisation or persistent storage, for the many reasons
    discussed above!


[includes a test which unmarshals a 3.12.1 value]


[PR#1683] 

[PR#8791] 


Sedlex + Menhir parser for both tty and file parsing
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Bernard Sufrin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am a great fan of Menhir, and have used it in several private
  language projects, using the ulexing scanner generator to provide
  Unicode-capable scanners.

  Alarmed by the obsolescence of ulexing, and needing a utf8-capable
  scanner in a hurry I decided to (teach myself to) use Sedlex. On the
  whole the experience was very satisfactory, and I found it
  straightforward to produce a variant of the sedlexing library which
  supports buffers with variable chunk sizes, thereby enabling efficient
  lexing on channels connected to files as well as immediately
  responsive lexing on channels connected to terminals.

  I also wanted to teach myself how to use the error-reporting,
  incremental, interfaces to Menhir-generated parsers. In the hope that
  it might be useful to others facing the same learning task, or the
  problem of adapting Sedlex for efficient interactive use, I have
  placed the example mock-S-Expression parser that resulted from this
  excursion in:

  [Git Repository: github.com/sufrin/InteractiveSedlexMenhirExample]


[Git Repository: github.com/sufrin/InteractiveSedlexMenhirExample]



First release of awa-ssh
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce that `awa-ssh'
  () has just been merged into
  opam-repository. It is a pure OCaml implementation of the ssh (secure
  shell, ) protocol.

  This is the initial release, please report issues you encounter.

  It was initially developed by Christiano Haesbaert in 2016, and
  revived mid-2019 by myself and in 2020 it was migrated to the MirageOS
  organization on GitHub for further development and maintenance.

  Both client and server code are present in the library (pure code in
  the main awa package), though the awa-lwt package implements only a
  server, and the awa-mirage package implements only a client. Tests and
  examples are in the test subdirectory.

  The MirageOS client has been successfully used to clone git
  repositories (on private servers, on GitHub, etc.). It supports apart
  from RSA keys also ED25519 keys (and key exchanges).


Introducing Feather: A lightweight shell-scripting library for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Charles announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I wrote a shell scripting library called [Feather]. I like idea of
  writing bash-like code quickly, later being able to intersperse OCaml
  to add more typeful components as needed. It's kind of like [Shexp]
  but without the monadic interface and with Async
  support. ([Feather_async])

  There's a tutorial and some examples in the link above but here's a
  quick taste:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Feather
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let lines =3D find "." ~name:"*.ml"
  =E2=94=82   |. tr "/" "\n"
  =E2=94=82   |. map_lines ~f:String.capitalize
  =E2=94=82   |. sort
  =E2=94=82   |. process "uniq" [ "-c" ]
  =E2=94=82   |. process "sort" [ "-n" ]
  =E2=94=82   |. tail 4
  =E2=94=82   |> collect_lines
  =E2=94=82 in
  =E2=94=82 String.concat ~sep:", " lines |> print_endline
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Let me know if you have any feedback! And feel free to file bug
  reports [here]. Hope it ends up being useful, entertaining, or both!


[Feather] 

[Shexp] 

[Feather_async] 

[here] 


postdoc researcher and research engineer positions for CHERI and Arm verifi=
cation
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Peter Sewell announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are looking for postdoctoral researchers and postdoctoral or
  postgraduate research engineers to help develop semantics and
  verification to improve the foundations and security of mainstream
  computer systems, for CHERI and Arm system software verification, at
  the University of Cambridge.  OCaml expertise to help develop
  verification tools will be especially welcome. Closing date 13 January
  2021 - see the advert .


First ocb (OCaml Badgen) release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


zapashcanon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A few days ago, I released [ocb]. It's a library and a command-line
  tool to generate SVG badges.

  To get started quickly:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ocb --label Hello --color green --style flat --labelcolor white=
 --status Goodbye
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Will gives this result: [SVG example].

  My first use case was [To.ml] where I'm using [bisect_ppx] to generate
  and deploy a [coverage report]. I wanted to display the coverage
  percentage in the README and tried existing tools but wasn't fully
  satisfied as they didn't work or were failing randomly. Now, [I'm
  generating the badge directly in a GitHub action].

  The project was inspired by [badgen]. I still have to add support for
  icons and to improve the documentation but it's usable.


[ocb] 

[SVG example]


[To.ml] 

[bisect_ppx] 

[coverage report] 

[I'm generating the badge directly in a GitHub action]


[badgen] 


Release of OCaml-Git v3.0 and co
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Ulugbek Abdullaev announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We, the [`ocaml-git'] team, are happy to announce a new major release
  of `ocaml-git v3.0' and related libraries.


[`ocaml-git'] 

Release Notes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

OCaml-Git v3.0
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  [*OCaml-Git*] is a library that implements `git' format and protocol
  implementation in pure OCaml. The library is used by libraries such as
  [`irmin'], a git-like distributed database, or [`pasteur'], a MirageOS
  unikernel-based snippet storage service.


[*OCaml-Git*] 

[`irmin'] 

[`pasteur'] 

Changes
=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88

  The main goal behind this major release was to get better
  compatibility with various platforms, including
  [~MirageOS~](mirage.io), 32-bit platforms, and `js_of_ocaml'. In order
  to achieve that, we broke down `ocaml-git' into several components,
  which are represented as sub-libraries. We will describe some of those
  components later in this post.

  Along with better support for various platforms, `ocaml-git 3.0' also
  comes with SSH support for `fetch/push' and various bug fixes.

  The rest of the changes are mostly internal and pave a way for
  interesting features such as a full-blown `git' [garbage collector]
  and wire protocol v2 ([announcment] and [spec]).

  *References:*

  =E2=80=A2 Full [changes list]
  =E2=80=A2 [PR] that introduced the major rewrite of `ocaml-git'

  =E2=80=94

  In the new version of `ocaml-git', we try to have better separation of
  concerns by breaking some of the `ocaml-git' components into
  sub-libraries, which do not contain `git'-specific logic and can be
  reused for other purposes.


[garbage collector] 

[announcment]


[spec]


[changes list]


[PR] 


Carton
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  Git uses [PACK files] to store old git objects such as commits and
  transfer objects over wire using git's wire protocols (`git-nss'
  library mentioned below implements [v1] of the protocol; [v2]
  implementation is in progress).

  [*Carton*] is a library to work with PACK files. The library does not
  contain git-specific code, so one can easily reuse the library and
  PACK format for non-git objects. One can see how `ocaml-git' uses
  `carton' for its purposes [here].

  *References:*

  =E2=80=A2 [PR] that introduces `carton'


[PACK files]


[v1]


[v2]


[*Carton*] 

[here] 

[PR] 


Git-NSS (Not So Smart)
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  When one wants to synchronize with a remote repository using git, they
  need to use `git fetch/push'.  Communication and
  synchronization/negotiation is defined by git *wire protocol*, which
  has two versions: older version 1 and newer leaner version 2. The
  protocols are defined for four wire transports: HTTP(S), SSH, and
  `git://' (TCP).

  [`Not-So-Smart'] library is a library that allows for such
  synchronization based on the git wire protocols but without
  git-specific code, meaning that files being fetched do not need to be
  git objects or that there is no assumptions on the "repository" that
  one is synchronizing with. So, as well as `carton', the library aims
  to be reusable for other purposes.

  This release features support for SSH using [awa-ssh] by @hannesm (see
  [the release]), support for [partial-clone] (of various `depth'), and
  memory consumption fixes for unikernels.

  *Note 1:* The library's name "Not so smart" is a play on the git's
  "smart" protocol, a part of wire protocol v1 over HTTP(S) transport.

  *Note 2:* only client side logic is implemented for wire
  protocols. The server-side is planned but not yet implemented. One can
  use `git' as the server for now.


[`Not-So-Smart']


[awa-ssh] 

[the release]


[partial-clone] 


Mimic
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  [*Mimic*] is a small reimplementation of [`conduit'], a library that
  helps to abstract over a transport protocol such as HTTP(S) or SSH. In
  other words, the code using `mimic' can deal not with different types
  that represent an HTTP or SSH connection, but just deal, e.g., read
  from or write to, with a `flow' value, which hides protocol-specific
  details under its hood.

  =E2=80=94

  There are several independent libraries that were upgraded along with
  `ocaml-git 3.0'.


[*Mimic*] 

[`conduit'] 


Duff v0.3
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84

  [*Duff*] is a library that implements git's [`libXdiff'] (`xdiff'
  algorithm) in OCaml. PACK files use a binary diff algorithm, `xdiff',
  to compress binary data. More on the project [page] and release
  [notes] for `ocaml-git 2.0'.


[*Duff*] 

[`libXdiff'] 

[page] 

[notes] 

Changes
=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88

  This release fixes the support for 32-bit architecture platforms.


Encore v0.7
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  [*Encore*] is a library that can create an encoder/decoder based on
  the format given. It also ensures isomorphism by construction.


[*Encore*] 

Changes
=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88

  Extensive changes to the API. See the project page.


Decompress v1.2.0
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84

  [*Decompress*] is an OCaml implementation of certain decompression
  algorithms such as `Zlib', `Gzip', etc.


[*Decompress*] 

Changes
=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88

  `ocaml-git 3.0' uses new version of `decompress' with extensive
  performance improvements documented in *Tarides's* blog [API changes]
  and [performance improvements].

  We'd be happy to get your feedback or questions! :-)


[API changes]


[performance improvements]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [How We Lost at The Delphi Oracle Challenge]
  =E2=80=A2 [Tarides sponsors the Oxbridge Women in Computer Science Confer=
ence
    2020]
  =E2=80=A2 [Coq 8.12.2 is out]
  =E2=80=A2 [First release of MetAcsl plugin]
  =E2=80=A2 [Announcing MirageOS 3.10]
  =E2=80=A2 [ ReScript 8.4]
  =E2=80=A2 [Coq 8.13+beta1 is out]


[OCaml Planet] 

[How We Lost at The Delphi Oracle Challenge]


[Tarides sponsors the Oxbridge Women in Computer Science Conference
2020]


[Coq 8.12.2 is out] 

[First release of MetAcsl plugin]


[Announcing MirageOS 3.10]


[ ReScript 8.4]


[Coq 8.13+beta1 is out]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Disposition: inline








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 05 to 12, 2021.









Marshal determinism and stability





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/marshal-determinism-and-stability/7041/28








Continuing this thread, David Allsopp said





A couple of notes on Marshal, which I don't think have been covered



    

  • Although the guarantee is only between identical versions of OCaml, the implementation actually goes to considerable lengths to maintain backwards compatibility (so a value written by older OCaml remains readable in newer OCaml). Our own testsuite, for example, indirectly includes a test which unmarshals a 3.12.1 value. I don't know exactly how far back the support goes.
    • 

  • As it happens, the change which affected Unison in 4.08 was the first breaking change to Marshal since either 4.00 or 4.01. The fact that it doesn't break often (and that the two code paths - at least at present - are small) meant I have suggested a few months back that we could in future add an additional flag in the style of Compat_32 to allow values to be written in a way which should be readable on older versions of OCaml. Indeed, it's small enough that flags could be added for the changes in 4.08 (PR#1683) and in 4.11 (PR#8791).
    • 

  • Neither point undermines using alternative formats either for network serialisation or persistent storage, for the many reasons discussed above!
    • 















Sedlex + Menhir parser for both tty and file parsing





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/sedlex-menhir-parser-for-both-tty-and-file-parsing/7055/1








Bernard Sufrin announced





I am a great fan of Menhir, and have used it in several private language projects, using the ulexing
scanner generator to provide Unicode-capable scanners.





Alarmed by the obsolescence of ulexing, and needing a utf8-capable  scanner in a hurry I decided to
(teach myself to) use Sedlex. On the whole the experience was very satisfactory,
and I found it straightforward to produce a variant of the sedlexing library which supports
buffers with variable chunk sizes, thereby enabling efficient lexing on channels connected to
files as well as  immediately responsive lexing on channels connected to terminals.





I also wanted to teach myself how to use the error-reporting, incremental, interfaces to
Menhir-generated parsers. In the hope that it might be useful to others facing the same learning task,
or the problem of adapting Sedlex for efficient interactive use, I have placed the example
mock-S-Expression parser that resulted from this excursion in:





Git Repository: github.com/sufrin/InteractiveSedlexMenhirExample















First release of awa-ssh





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-awa-ssh/7057/1








Hannes Mehnert announced





I'm happy to announce that awa-ssh (https://github.com/mirage/awa-ssh) has just been merged into
opam-repository. It is a pure OCaml implementation of the ssh (secure shell,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSH_(Secure_Shell)) protocol.





This is the initial release, please report issues you encounter.





It was initially developed by Christiano Haesbaert in 2016, and revived mid-2019 by myself and in 2020
it was migrated to the MirageOS organization on GitHub for further development and maintenance.





Both client and server code are present in the library (pure code in the main awa package), though the
awa-lwt package implements only a server, and the awa-mirage package implements only a client. Tests
and examples are in the test subdirectory.





The MirageOS client has been successfully used to clone git repositories (on private servers, on
GitHub, etc.). It supports apart from RSA keys also ED25519 keys (and key exchanges).















Introducing Feather: A lightweight shell-scripting library for OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/introducing-feather-a-lightweight-shell-scripting-library-for-ocaml/7059/1








Charles announced





I wrote a shell scripting library called Feather. I like idea of
writing bash-like code quickly, later being able to intersperse OCaml to add more typeful components as
needed. It's kind of like Shexp but without the monadic
interface and with Async support. (Feather_async)





There's a tutorial and some examples in the link above but here's a quick taste:






open Feather

let lines = find "." ~name:"*.ml"
  |. tr "/" "\n"
  |. map_lines ~f:String.capitalize
  |. sort
  |. process "uniq" [ "-c" ]
  |. process "sort" [ "-n" ]
  |. tail 4
  |> collect_lines
in
String.concat ~sep:", " lines |> print_endline






Let me know if you have any feedback! And feel free to file bug reports
here. Hope it ends up being useful, entertaining, or both!















postdoc researcher and research engineer positions for CHERI and Arm verification





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-01/msg00023.html








Peter Sewell announced





We are looking for postdoctoral researchers and postdoctoral or
postgraduate research engineers to help develop semantics and verification
to improve the foundations and security of mainstream computer systems, for
CHERI and Arm system software verification, at the University of
Cambridge.  OCaml expertise to help develop verification tools will be
especially welcome. Closing date 13 January 2021 - see the advert
http://www.jobs.cam.ac.uk/job/28012/.















First ocb (OCaml Badgen) release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-ocb-ocaml-badgen-release/7073/1








zapashcanon announced





A few days ago, I released ocb. It's a library and a command-line
tool to generate SVG badges.





To get started quickly:






ocb --label Hello --color green --style flat --labelcolor white --status Goodbye







Will gives this result: SVG
example.





My first use case was To.ml where I'm using
bisect_ppx to generate and deploy a coverage
report. I wanted to display the coverage percentage in
the README and tried existing tools but wasn't fully satisfied as they didn't work or were failing
randomly. Now, I'm generating the badge directly in a GitHub
action.





The project was inspired by badgen. I still have to add support for
icons and to improve the documentation but it's usable.















Release of OCaml-Git v3.0 and co





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-ocaml-git-v3-0-and-co/7076/1








Ulugbek Abdullaev announced





We, the ocaml-git team, are happy to announce a new major
release of ocaml-git v3.0 and related libraries.








Release Notes








OCaml-Git v3.0





OCaml-Git is a library that implements  git format and
protocol implementation in pure OCaml. The library is used by libraries such as
irmin, a git-like distributed database, or
pasteur, a MirageOS unikernel-based snippet storage service.








Changes





The main goal behind this major release was to get better compatibility with various platforms,
including [~MirageOS~](mirage.io), 32-bit platforms, and js_of_ocaml. In order to achieve that, we
broke down ocaml-git into several components, which are represented as sub-libraries. We will
describe some of those components later in this post.





Along with better support for various platforms, ocaml-git 3.0  also comes with SSH support for
fetch/push and various bug fixes.





The rest of the changes are mostly internal and pave a way for interesting features such as a
full-blown git garbage collector and wire protocol v2
(announcment and
spec).





References:







—





In the new version of ocaml-git, we try to have better separation of concerns by breaking some of the
ocaml-git components into sub-libraries, which do not contain git-specific logic and can be reused
for other purposes.












Carton





Git uses PACK files
to store old git objects such as commits and transfer objects over wire using git's wire protocols
(git-nss library mentioned below implements
v1 of the protocol;
v2 implementation is
in progress).





Carton is a library to work with PACK
files. The library does not contain git-specific code, so one can easily reuse the library and PACK
format for non-git objects. One can see how ocaml-git uses carton for its purposes
here.





References:




    

  • PR that introduces carton
    • 










Git-NSS (Not So Smart)





When one wants to synchronize with a remote repository using git, they need to use git fetch/push.
Communication and synchronization/negotiation is defined by git wire protocol, which has two
versions: older version 1 and newer leaner version 2. The protocols are defined for four wire
transports: HTTP(S), SSH, and git:// (TCP).





Not-So-Smart library is a library
that allows for such synchronization based on the git wire protocols but without git-specific code,
meaning that files being fetched do not need to be git objects or that there is no assumptions on the
"repository" that one is synchronizing with. So, as well as carton, the library aims to be reusable
for other purposes.





This release features support for SSH using awa-ssh by @hannesm
(see the release), support for
partial-clone (of various depth), and memory consumption
fixes for unikernels.





Note 1: The library's name "Not so smart" is a play on the git's "smart" protocol, a part of wire
protocol v1 over HTTP(S) transport.





Note 2: only client side logic is implemented for wire protocols. The server-side is planned but not
yet implemented. One can use git as the server for now.










Mimic





Mimic is a small reimplementation of
conduit, a library that helps to abstract over a transport
protocol such as HTTP(S) or SSH. In other words, the code using mimic can deal not with different
types that represent an HTTP or SSH connection, but just deal, e.g., read from or write to, with a
flow value, which hides protocol-specific details under its hood.





—





There are several independent libraries that were upgraded along with ocaml-git 3.0.










Duff v0.3





Duff is a library that implements git's
libXdiff (xdiff algorithm) in OCaml. PACK files use a
binary diff algorithm, xdiff, to compress binary data. More on the project
page and release
notes for ocaml-git 2.0.








Changes





This release fixes the support for 32-bit architecture platforms.












Encore v0.7





Encore is a library that can create an encoder/decoder based on
the format given. It also ensures isomorphism by construction.








Changes





Extensive changes to the API. See the project page.












Decompress v1.2.0





Decompress is an OCaml implementation of certain
decompression algorithms such as Zlib, Gzip, etc.








Changes





ocaml-git 3.0 uses new version of decompress with extensive performance improvements documented in
Tarides's blog API changes
and performance
improvements.





We'd be happy to get your feedback or questions! :-)


























Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 12 to 19,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Irmin 2.3.0
Dune 2.8.0
lwt-canceler.0.3
Interesting OCaml Articles
OCaml 4.12.0, first beta release
OCaml for ARM MacOS
Talk on OCaml Batteries at Houston Functional Programmers
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Irmin 2.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Craig Ferguson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm very happy to announce the release of the Irmin 2.3.0 family of
  packages, including:

  =E2=80=A2 [`irmin-pack.2.3.0'], a storage backend for Irmin designed for =
and
    used by Tezos. This release contains a host of performance
    improvements as well as offline CLI features such as integrity
    checking. It also contains a number of high-level design changes,
    which were discussed in a recent [Tarides blog post].

    Finally, `irmin-pack.2.3.0' also contains a prototype of the
    [_layered_] `irmin-pack' store, which provides an [OverlayFS]-esque
    mode of operation for `irmin-pack' in which the causal history of
    the store can be chunked into independently-accessable
    substores. This feature will eventually be deployed in a [future
    version of Tezos].

  =E2=80=A2 [`irmin-containers'], a collection of pre-defined mergeable data
    structures built using Irmin and compatible with any backend. These
    were originally provided by @kayceesrk as part of [`ezirmin'], and
    has since been modernised and upstreamed by Anirudh S.

  =E2=80=A2 `irmin-bench', a suite of benchmarks for Irmin for use with
    [`current-bench'], an experimental continuous benchmarking
    infrastructure for OCaml projects. Lots of work has been going on
    behind the scenes to make this a general benchmarking infrastructure
    for the Mirage ecosystem, including a recent [fancy UI overhaul] by
    new contributor @rizo.

  =E2=80=A2 [`repr'], an extraction of the `Irmin.Type' type representation
    library for use in other packages. This package contains a set of
    combinators for building run-time representations of types, along
    with various generic operations defined over those representations,
    including: equality, comparison, pretty-printing, JSON / binary
    codecs, etc. The API of this library is currently a
    work-in-progress, but we hope to use it more widely in the Mirage
    ecosystem soon.

  =E2=80=A2 [`semaphore-compat'], an extraction of the `Semaphore' library =
in
    OCaml 4.12, for libraries that want to maintain compatibility with
    earlier versions of OCaml.

  The full list of changes to Irmin can be found [here].

  Many thanks to our open-source contributors and collaborators. Happy
  hacking!


[`irmin-pack.2.3.0'] 

[Tarides blog post]


[_layered_]


[OverlayFS] 

[future version of Tezos]


[`irmin-containers']


[`ezirmin'] 

[`current-bench'] 

[fancy UI overhaul] 

[`repr'] 

[`semaphore-compat'] 

[here]



Dune 2.8.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rudi Grinberg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the dune, I'm pleased to announce the release of dune
  2.8.0. This release contains many bug fixes, performance improvements,
  and interesting new features. I'll point out two new features that I'm
  most excited about.

  First is the experimental `dune_site' extension that makes it possible
  to register and load plugins at runtime. This feature is quite
  involved, but we've documented it extensively [in the manual].

  Another cool feature is that we've eliminated the need for .merlin
  files and all the caveats that came with them.  Now, merlin talks to
  dune directly to get precise configuration for every module. Say
  goodbye to all those "approximate .merlin file" warnings!

  I encourage everyone to upgrade as soon as possible, as earlier
  versions are not compatible with OCaml 4.12. Happy Hacking.

  Full change log:


[in the manual] 

2.8.0 (13/01/2021)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 `dune rules' accepts aliases and other non-path rules (#4063,
    @mrmr1993)

  =E2=80=A2 Action `(diff reference test_result)' now accept `reference' to=
 be
    absent and in that case consider that the reference is empty. Then
    running `dune promote' will create the reference file. (#3795,
    @bobot)

  =E2=80=A2 Ignore special files (BLK, CHR, FIFO, SOCKET), (#3570, fixes #3=
124,
    #3546, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 Experimental: Simplify loading of additional files (data or cod=
e) at
    runtime in programs by introducing specific installation sites. In
    particular it allow to define plugins to be installed in these
    sites. (#3104, #3794, fixes #1185, @bobot)

  =E2=80=A2 Move all temporary files created by dune to run actions to a si=
ngle
    directory and make sure that actions executed by dune also use this
    directory by setting `TMPDIR' (or `TEMP' on Windows). (#3691, fixes
    #3422, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix bootstrap script with custom configuration. (#3757, fixes #=
3774,
    @marsam)

  =E2=80=A2 Add the `executable' field to `inline_tests' to customize the
    compilation flags of the test runner executable (#3747, fixes #3679,
    @lubegasimon)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `(enabled_if ...)' to `(copy_files ...)' (#3756, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Make sure Dune cleans up the status line before exiting (#3767,
    fixes #3737, @alan-j-hu)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `{gitlab,bitbucket}' as options for defining project sources
    with `source' stanza `(source ( user/repo))' in the
    `dune-project' file.  (#3813, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix generation of `META' and `dune-package' files when some tar=
gets
    (byte, native, dynlink) are disabled. Previously, dune would
    generate all archives for regardless of settings. (#3829, #4041,
    @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Do not run ocamldep to for single module executables &
    libraries. The dependency graph for such artifacts is trivial
    (#3847, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix cram tests inside vendored directories not being interpreted
    correctly.  (#3860, fixes #3843, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `package' field to private libraries. This allows such libr=
aries
    to be installed and to be usable by other public libraries in the
    same project (#3655, fixes #1017, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix the `%{make}' variable on Windows by only checking for a `g=
make'
    binary on UNIX-like systems as a unrelated `gmake' binary might
    exist on Windows.  (#3853, @kit-ty-kate)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix `$ dune install' modifying the build directory. This made t=
he
    build directory unusable when `$ sudo dune install' modified
    permissions. (fix #3857, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix handling of aliases given on the command line (using the `@=
' and
    `@@' syntax) so as to correctly handle relative paths. (#3874, fixes
    #3850, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow link time code generation to be used in preprocessing
    executable. This makes it possible to use the build info module
    inside the preprocessor.  (#3848, fix #3848, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Correctly call `git ls-tree' so unicode files are not quoted, t=
his
    fixes problems with `dune subst' in the presence of unicode
    files. Fixes #3219 (#3879, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 `dune subst' now accepts common command-line arguments such as
    `--debug-backtraces' (#3878, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 `dune describe' now also includes information about executables=
 in
    addition to that of libraries. (#3892, #3895, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 instrumentation backends can now receive arguments via
      `(instrumentation (backend  ))'. (#3906, #3932, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Tweak auto-formatting of `dune' files to improve
    readability. (#3928, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Add a switch argument to opam when context is not default. (#39=
51,
    @tmattio)

  =E2=80=A2 Avoid pager when running `$ git diff' (#3912, @AltGr)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `(root_module ..)' field to libraries & executables. This m=
akes
    it possible to use library dependencies shadowed by local modules
    (#3825, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow `(formatting ...)' field in `(env ...)' stanza to set
    per-directory formatting specification. (#3942, @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 [coq] In `coq.theory', `:standard' for the `flags' field now us=
es
    the flags set in `env' profile flags (#3931 , @ejgallego @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 [coq] Add `-q' flag to `:standard' `coqc' flags , fixes #3924,
    (#3931 , @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 Add support for Coq's native compute compilation mode (@ejgalle=
go,
    #3210)

  =E2=80=A2 Add a `SUFFIX' directive in `.merlin' files for each dialect wi=
th no
    preprocessing, to let merlin know of additional file extensions
    (#3977, @vouillon)

  =E2=80=A2 Stop promoting `.merlin' files. Write per-stanza Merlin
    configurations in binary form. Add a new subcommand `dune
    ocaml-merlin' that Merlin can use to query the configuration
    files. The `allow_approximate_merlin' option is now useless and
    deprecated. Dune now conflicts with `merlin < 3.4.0' and
    `ocaml-lsp-server < 1.3.0' (#3554, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Configurator: fix a bug introduced in 2.6.0 where the configura=
tor
    V1 API doesn't work at all when used outside of dune. (#4046,
    @aalekseyev)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix `libexec' and `libexec-private' variables. In cross-compila=
tion
    settings, they now point to the file in the host context. (#4058,
    fixes #4057, @TheLortex)

  =E2=80=A2 When running `$ dune subst', use project metadata as a fallback=
 when
    package metadata is missing. We also generate a warning when `(name
    ..)' is missing in `dune-project' files to avoid failures in
    production builds.

  =E2=80=A2 Remove support for passing `-nodynlink' for executables. It was
    bypassed in most cases and not correct in other cases in particular
    on arm32.  (#4085, fixes #4069, fixes #2527, @emillon)

  =E2=80=A2 Generate archive rules compatible with 4.12. Dune longer attemp=
t to
    generate an archive file if it's unnecessary (#3973, fixes #3766,
    @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix generated Merlin configurations when multiple preprocessors=
 are
    defined for different modules in the same folder. (#4092, fixes
    #2596, #1212 and #3409, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Add the option `use_standard_c_and_cxx_flags' to `dune-project'=
 that
    1.  disables the unconditional use of the `ocamlc_cflags' and
    `ocamlc_cppflags' from `ocamlc -config' in C compiler calls, these
    flags will be present in the `:standard' set instead; and 2. enables
    the detection of the C compiler family and populates the `:standard'
    set of flags with common default values when building CXX
    stubs. (#3875, #3802, fix #3718 and #3528, @voodoos)


lwt-canceler.0.3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of [Nomadic Labs], I'm happy to announce the release of
  Lwt-canceler version 0.3. Lwt-canceler is a small library to help
  programs written using Lwt to synchronise promises around resource
  clean-up. This library was developed as part of the [Tezos codebase]
  before being released.

  With this version, the code has matured significantly (including
  tests, documentation and some refactoring); the next release will
  probably be a version 1.0 at which point a more robust versioning
  scheme will be used.

  The documentation is available online:
  
  The code is released under MIT License and hosted on Gitlab:
   The new version is
  available on opam: `opam install lwt-canceler'

  Happy hacking!


[Nomadic Labs] 

[Tezos codebase] 


Interesting OCaml Articles
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Weng Shiwei announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Let me share my new blog post on understanding `format6' with
  examples.  

  It's almost my reading note for the paper Format Unraveled (on module
  Format) and experiments on utop. I tried not to be too verbose though.


Weng Shiwei later said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Well, I made a sequel of `format6' post, *Understanding `format6' in
  OCaml by diagrams*
  

  This time I just use four examples with four diagrams e.g. it's the
  one for `Scanf.sscanf'

  

  p.s. It's a pity that I missed Gabriel's post [The 6 parameters of
  (=E2=80=99a, =E2=80=99b, =E2=80=99c, =E2=80=99d, =E2=80=99e, =E2=80=99f) =
format6] after writing that one.


[The 6 parameters of (=E2=80=99a, =E2=80=99b, =E2=80=99c, =E2=80=99d, =E2=
=80=99e, =E2=80=99f) format6]



OCaml 4.12.0, first beta release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release of OCaml 4.12.0 is close.

  The set of new features has been stabilized, and core opam packages
  already work with this release. After three alpha releases, we have
  created a first beta version to help you adapt your software to the
  new features ahead of the release. Compared to the last alpha, this
  beta contains only three new bug fixes and one change to the standard
  library.

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.12.0~beta1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=
=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can pick
  configuration options with
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.=
12.0~beta1+options,
  =E2=94=82 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/oc=
aml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where  is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-*
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and afl enabled switch:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.12.0~beta1+flambda+afl
  =E2=94=82 --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~beta1+options,ocaml-option-f=
lambda,ocaml-option-afl
  =E2=94=82 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/oc=
aml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  All available options can be listed with "opam search ocaml-option".

  The source code is available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 

  If you want to test this version, you may want to install the alpha
  opam repository

  

  with

  opam repo add alpha
  git://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository.git

  This alpha repository contains various packages patched with fixes in
  the process of being upstreamed. Once the repository installed, these
  patched packages will take precedence over the non-patched version.

  If you find any bugs, please report them here:
   


Changes from the third alpha release
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

Postponed features
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84

  =E2=80=A2 [9533], [10105], [10127] : Added String.starts_with and
    String.ends_with. (Bernhard Schommer, review by Daniel B=C3=BCnzli,
    Gabriel Scherer and Alain Frisch)


[9533] 

[10105] 

[10127] 


Additional bug fixes
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  =E2=80=A2 [9096], [10096]: fix a 4.11.0 performance regression in
    classes/objects declared within a function (Gabriel Scherer, review
    by Leo White, report by Sacha Ayoun)

  =E2=80=A2 [10106], [10112]: some expected-type explanations where forgott=
en
    after some let-bindings (Gabriel Scherer, review by Thomas Refis and
    Florian Angeletti, report by Daniil Baturin)

  =E2=80=A2 [9326], [10125]: Gc.set incorrectly handles the three `custom_*'
    fields, causing a performance regression (report by Emilio Jes=C3=BAs
    Gallego Arias, analysis and fix by Stephen Dolan, code by Xavier
    Leroy, review by Hugo Heuzard and Gabriel Scherer)


[9096] 

[10096] 

[10106] 

[10112] 

[9326] 

[10125] 


OCaml for ARM MacOS
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Deep in this thread, Xavier Leroy said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's quite easy to get up to speed using the precompiled OPAM binary
  for macOS/ARM64.

  =E2=80=A2 Download [opam-2.0.7-arm64-macos].

  =E2=80=A2 Move it to some directory in your PATH, rename it to `opam', and
    make it executable.  From a Terminal window:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 mv ~/Downloads/opam-2.0.7-arm64-macos /usr/local/bin/opam
  =E2=94=82 chmod +x /usr/local/bin/opam
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=80=A2 Try to execute it: `opam init'.  You will be blocked by the mac=
OS
    security checks, as the binary is not signed.

  =E2=80=A2 Open Preferences / Security and Privacy.  There should be a not=
ice
    "opam was blocked because=E2=80=A6" and an "Allow Anyway" button.  Clic=
k on
    that button.

  =E2=80=A2 Try again to execute `opam init'.  You will be blocked again, b=
ut
    now there is an "Open" button.  Click on that button. `opam init'
    should run and install the OCaml 4.10.2 compiler.

  =E2=80=A2 From now on, you can run `opam' without being blocked.  Use this
    freedom to `opam install' the packages you need.

  =E2=80=A2 Some packages that depend on external C libraries may fail to
    install because these C libraries are not available. Normally we
    would rely on Homebrew or MacPorts to provide these C libraries, but
    these package collections are still being ported to macOS/ARM64.

  As a reward for these minor inconveniences, you'll get excellent
  performance running OCaml software such as Coq.  Single-core
  performance on a MacBook Air M1 is 20% better than the best x86
  workstation I have access to.


[opam-2.0.7-arm64-macos]



Talk on OCaml Batteries at Houston Functional Programmers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Claude Jager-Rubinson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  @UnixJunkie will be speaking (virtually, of course) on *OCaml
  Batteries Included* at Houston Functional Programmers, this coming
  Wednesday, Jan 20 at 7pm (U.S. Central time).  His talk will cover
  Batteries' history, place within the OCaml ecosystem, and comparisons
  with OCaml's other alternative standard libraries.  All are welcome to
  join us, even if you're not from Houston.  Complete details and Zoom
  info are at [hfpug.org].


[hfpug.org] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [Coq 8.13.0 is out]


[OCaml Planet] 

[Coq 8.13.0 is out] 


Old CWN
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 12 to 19, 202=
1.









Irmin 2.3.0





Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-irmin-2-3-0/7084/1








Craig Ferguson announced





I'm very happy to announce the release of the Irmin 2.3.0 family of package=
s, including:




    

  • 
irmin-pack.=
2.3.0, a storage backend for Irmin designed for and used by Tezo=
s. This release contains a host of performance improvements as well as offl=
ine CLI features such as integrity checking. It also contains a number of h=
igh-level design changes, which were discussed in a recent Tarides blog po=
st.

    


    
Finally, irmin-pack.2.3.0 also contains a prototype of the layered irmin-pack stor=
e, which provides an Ov=
erlayFS-esque mode of operation for irmin-pack in which th=
e causal history of the store can be chunked into independently-accessable =
substores. This feature will eventually be deployed in a future version of Tezos.

    • 


  • irmin-containers, a collection of pre-def=
ined mergeable data structures built using Irmin and compatible with any ba=
ckend. These were originally provided by @kayceesrk as part of ezirmin, and has sinc=
e been modernised and upstreamed by Anirudh S.
    • 


  • irmin-bench, a suite of benchmarks for Irmin for use with =
current-bench<=
/code>, an experimental continuous benchmarking infrastructure for OCam=
l projects. Lots of work has been going on behind the scenes to make this a=
 general benchmarking infrastructure for the Mirage ecosystem, including a =
recent fancy =
UI overhaul by new contributor @rizo.
    • 


  • repr, an ex=
traction of the Irmin.Type type representation library for use=
 in other packages. This package contains a set of combinators for building=
 run-time representations of types, along with various generic operations d=
efined over those representations, including: equality, comparison, pretty-=
printing, JSON / binary codecs, etc. The API of this library is currently a=
 work-in-progress, but we hope to use it more widely in the Mirage ecosyste=
m soon.
    • 


  • semaphore-=
compat, an extraction of the Semaphore library in O=
Caml 4.12, for libraries that want to maintain compatibility with earlier v=
ersions of OCaml.
    • 





The full list of changes to Irmin can be found
here.





Many thanks to our open-source contributors and collaborators. Happy hackin=
g!















Dune 2.8.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-2-8-0/7090/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the dune, I'm pleased to announce the release of dune 2.8.0. T=
his release contains many bug fixes,
performance improvements, and interesting new features. I'll point out two =
new features that I'm most excited about.





First is the experimental dune_site extension that makes it po=
ssible to register and load plugins at runtime. This
feature is quite involved, but we've documented it extensively in the
manual.





Another cool feature is that we've eliminated the need for .merlin files an=
d all the caveats that came with them.
Now, merlin talks to dune directly to get precise configuration for every m=
odule. Say goodbye to all those
"approximate .merlin file" warnings!





I encourage everyone to upgrade as soon as possible, as earlier versions ar=
e not compatible with OCaml 4.12. Happy
Hacking.





Full change log:








2.8.0 (13/01/2021)




    

  • dune rules accepts aliases and other non-path rules (#4063=
, @mrmr1993)
    • 


  • Action (diff reference test_result) now accept refer=
ence to be absent and
in that case consider that the reference is empty. Then running dune =
promote
will create the reference file. (#3795, @bobot)
    • 


  • Ignore special files (BLK, CHR, FIFO, SOCKET), (#3570, fixes #3124, #35=
46,
@ejgallego)
    • 


  • Experimental: Simplify loading of additional files (data or code) at ru=
ntime
in programs by introducing specific installation sites. In particular it al=
low
to define plugins to be installed in these sites. (#3104, #3794, fixes #118=
5,
@bobot)
    • 


  • Move all temporary files created by dune to run actions to a single dir=
ectory
and make sure that actions executed by dune also use this directory by sett=
ing
TMPDIR (or TEMP on Windows). (#3691, fixes #3422,=
 @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Fix bootstrap script with custom configuration. (#3757, fixes #3774, @m=
arsam)
    • 


  • Add the executable field to inline_tests to c=
ustomize the compilation
flags of the test runner executable (#3747, fixes #3679, @lubegasimon)
    • 


  • Add (enabled_if ...) to (copy_files ...) (#37=
56, @nojb)
    • 


  • Make sure Dune cleans up the status line before exiting (#3767,
fixes #3737, @alan-j-hu)
    • 


  • Add {gitlab,bitbucket} as options for defining project sou=
rces with source
stanza (source (<host> user/repo)) in the dune-pro=
ject file.  (#3813,
@rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Fix generation of META and dune-package files=
 when some targets (byte,
native, dynlink) are disabled. Previously, dune would generate all archives
for regardless of settings. (#3829, #4041, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Do not run ocamldep to for single module executables & libraries. T=
he
dependency graph for such artifacts is trivial (#3847, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Fix cram tests inside vendored directories not being interpreted correc=
tly.
(#3860, fixes #3843, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Add package field to private libraries. This allows such l=
ibraries to be
installed and to be usable by other public libraries in the same project
(#3655, fixes #1017, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Fix the %{make} variable on Windows by only checking for a=
 gmake binary
on UNIX-like systems as a unrelated gmake binary might exist o=
n Windows.
(#3853, @kit-ty-kate)
    • 


  • Fix $ dune install modifying the build directory. This mad=
e the build
directory unusable when $ sudo dune install modified permissio=
ns. (fix
#3857, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Fix handling of aliases given on the command line (using the @ and @@
syntax) so as to correctly handle relative paths. (#3874, fixes #3850, @noj=
b)
    • 


  • Allow link time code generation to be used in preprocessing executable.=
 This
makes it possible to use the build info module inside the preprocessor.
(#3848, fix #3848, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Correctly call git ls-tree so unicode files are not quoted=
, this fixes
problems with dune subst in the presence of unicode files. Fix=
es #3219
(#3879, @ejgallego)
    • 


  • dune subst now accepts common command-line arguments such =
as
--debug-backtraces (#3878, @ejgallego)
    • 


  • dune describe now also includes information about executab=
les in addition to
that of libraries. (#3892, #3895, @nojb)
    • 


  • instrumentation backends can now receive arguments via (instrumen=
tation
  (backend <name> <args>)). (#3906, #3932, @nojb)
    • 


  • Tweak auto-formatting of dune files to improve readability=
. (#3928, @nojb)
    • 


  • Add a switch argument to opam when context is not default. (#3951, @tma=
ttio)
    • 


  • Avoid pager when running $ git diff (#3912, @AltGr)
    • 


  • Add (root_module ..) field to libraries & executables.=
 This makes it
possible to use library dependencies shadowed by local modules (#3825,
@rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Allow (formatting ...) field in (env ...) sta=
nza to set per-directory
formatting specification. (#3942, @nojb)
    • 


  • [coq] In coq.theory, :standard for the =
flags field now uses the
flags set in env profile flags (#3931 , @ejgallego @rgrinberg)=

    • 


  • [coq] Add -q flag to :standard coqc flags , fixes #3924, (#3931 , @ejgallego)
    • 


  • Add support for Coq's native compute compilation mode (@ejgallego, #321=
0)
    • 


  • Add a SUFFIX directive in .merlin files for e=
ach dialect with no
preprocessing, to let merlin know of additional file extensions (#3977,
@vouillon)
    • 


  • Stop promoting .merlin files. Write per-stanza Merlin conf=
igurations in
binary form. Add a new subcommand dune ocaml-merlin that Merli=
n can use to
query the configuration files. The allow_approximate_merlin op=
tion is now
useless and deprecated. Dune now conflicts with merlin < 3.4.0 and
ocaml-lsp-server < 1.3.0 (#3554, @voodoos)
    • 


  • Configurator: fix a bug introduced in 2.6.0 where the configurator V1 A=
PI
doesn't work at all when used outside of dune. (#4046, @aalekseyev)
    • 


  • Fix libexec and libexec-private variables. In=
 cross-compilation settings,
they now point to the file in the host context. (#4058, fixes #4057,
@TheLortex)
    • 


  • When running $ dune subst, use project metadata as a fallb=
ack when package
metadata is missing. We also generate a warning when (name ..)=
 is missing in
dune-project files to avoid failures in production builds.
    • 


  • Remove support for passing -nodynlink for executables. It =
was bypassed in
most cases and not correct in other cases in particular on arm32.
(#4085, fixes #4069, fixes #2527, @emillon)
    • 


  • Generate archive rules compatible with 4.12. Dune longer attempt to gen=
erate
an archive file if it's unnecessary (#3973, fixes #3766, @rgrinberg)
    • 


  • Fix generated Merlin configurations when multiple preprocessors are def=
ined
for different modules in the same folder. (#4092, fixes #2596, #1212 and
#3409, @voodoos)
    • 


  • Add the option use_standard_c_and_cxx_flags to dune-=
project that 1.
disables the unconditional use of the ocamlc_cflags and =
ocamlc_cppflags
from ocamlc -config in C compiler calls, these flags will be p=
resent in the
:standard set instead; and 2. enables the detection of the C c=
ompiler family
and populates the :standard set of flags with common default v=
alues when
building CXX stubs. (#3875, #3802, fix #3718 and #3528, @voodoos)
    • 

















lwt-canceler.0.3





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-canceler-0-3/7092/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I'm ha=
ppy to announce the release of Lwt-canceler version
0.3. Lwt-canceler is a small library to help programs written using Lwt to =
synchronise promises around resource
clean-up. This library was developed as part of the Tezos codebase before being
released.





With this version, the code has matured significantly (including tests, doc=
umentation and some refactoring); the next
release will probably be a version 1.0 at which point a more robust version=
ing scheme will be used.





The documentation is available online:
https://nomadic-labs.gitlab.io/lwt-canceler/lwt-canceler/=
Lwt_canceler/index.html
The code is released under MIT License and hosted on Gitlab: https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/=
lwt-canceler
The new version is available on opam: opam install lwt-canceler





Happy hacking!















Interesting OCaml Articles





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interesting-ocaml-articles/1867/90








Weng Shiwei announced





Let me share my new blog post on understanding format6 with ex=
amples.
https://blog.tail=
.moe/2021/01/13/format6.html





It's almost my reading note for the paper Format Unraveled (on module Forma=
t) and experiments on utop. I tried not to
be too verbose though.











Weng Shiwei later said





Well, I made a sequel of format6 post,
Understanding format6 in OCaml by diagrams
https://b=
log.tail.moe/2021/01/15/format6-diagram.html





This time I just use four examples with four diagrams e.g. it's the one for=
 Scanf.sscanf







3D"=







p.s. It's a pity that I missed Gabriel's post The 6 parameters of (=E2=80=99a, =E2=80=99b, =E2=80=99=
c, =E2=80=99d, =E2=80=99e, =E2=80=99f)
format6 after writing that one.















OCaml 4.12.0, first beta release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-12-0-first-beta-release/70=
99/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.12.0 is close.





The set of new features has been stabilized, and core opam packages already
work with this release. After three alpha releases, we have created a first
beta version to help you adapt your software to the new features ahead of t=
he
release. Compared to the last alpha, this beta contains only three new bug =
fixes
and one change to the standard library.





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands



opam update
opam switch create 4.12.0~beta1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https:/=
/github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git





If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can pick config=
uration options with



opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~b=
eta1+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git




where <option_list> is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-* packa=
ges. For
instance, for a flambda and afl enabled switch:



opam switch create 4.12.0~beta1+flambda+afl
--packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~beta1+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocaml=
-option-afl
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git




All available options can be listed with "opam search ocaml-option".





The source code is available at these addresses:







If you want to test this version, you may want to install the alpha opam re=
pository





https://gi=
thub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository





with





opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository.git





This alpha repository contains various packages patched with fixes in the
process of being upstreamed. Once the repository installed, these patched
packages will take precedence over the non-patched version.





If you find any bugs, please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues








Changes from the third alpha release








Postponed features




    

  • 9533, 10105, 10127 : Added String.starts_w=
ith and String.ends_with. (Bernhard Schommer, review by Daniel B=C3=BCnzli,=
 Gabriel Scherer and Alain Frisch)
    • 










Additional bug fixes




    

  • 9096, 10096: fix a 4.11.0 p=
erformance regression in classes/objects declared within a function (Gabrie=
l Scherer, review by Leo White, report by Sacha Ayoun)
    • 


  • 10106, 10112: some expecte=
d-type explanations where forgotten after some let-bindings (Gabriel Schere=
r, review by Thomas Refis and Florian Angeletti, report by Daniil Baturin)<=
/li>


  • 9326, 10125: Gc.set incorre=
ctly handles the three custom_* fields, causing a performance =
regression (report by Emilio Jes=C3=BAs Gallego Arias, analysis and fix by =
Stephen Dolan, code by Xavier Leroy, review by Hugo Heuzard and Gabriel Sch=
erer)
    • 



















OCaml for ARM MacOS





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-for-arm-macos/6019/23








Deep in this thread, Xavier Leroy said





It's quite easy to get up to speed using the precompiled OPAM binary for ma=
cOS/ARM64.




    

  • Download opam-2.0.7-arm64-macos.
    • 


  • Move it to some directory in your PATH, rename it to opam,=
 and make it executable.  From a Terminal window:
    • 



mv ~/Downloads/opam-2.0.7-arm64-macos /usr/local/bin/opam
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/opam




    

  • Try to execute it: opam init.  You will be blocked by the =
macOS security checks, as the binary is not signed.
    • 


  • Open Preferences / Security and Privacy.  There should be a notice "opa=
m was blocked because…" and an "Allow Anyway" button.  Click on that=
 button.
    • 


  • Try again to execute opam init.  You will be blocked again=
, but now there is an "Open" button.  Click on that button. opam init=
 should run and install the OCaml 4.10.2 compiler.
    • 


  • From now on, you can run opam without being blocked.  Use =
this freedom to opam install the packages you need.
    • 


  • Some packages that depend on external C libraries may fail to install b=
ecause these C libraries are not available. Normally we would rely on Homeb=
rew or MacPorts to provide these C libraries, but these package collections=
 are still being ported to macOS/ARM64.
    • 





As a reward for these minor inconveniences, you'll get excellent performanc=
e running OCaml software such as Coq.
Single-core performance on a MacBook Air M1 is 20% better than the best x86=
 workstation I have access to.















Talk on OCaml Batteries at Houston Functional Programmers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/talk-on-=
ocaml-batteries-at-houston-functional-programmers/7103/1








Claude Jager-Rubinson announced





@UnixJunkie will be speaking (virtually, of course) on OCaml Batteries I=
ncluded at Houston Functional Programmers,
this coming Wednesday, Jan 20 at 7pm (U.S. Central time).  His talk will co=
ver Batteries' history, place within the
OCaml ecosystem, and comparisons with OCaml's other alternative standard li=
braries.  All are welcome to join us, even
if you're not from Houston.  Complete details and Zoom info are at hfpug.org.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 19 to 26, 202=
1.









How to get pleasant documentation for a library using Dune?




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/how-to-=
get-pleasant-documentation-for-a-library-using-dune/7121/1








gasche announced





I'm working to publish a small library using Dune. The documentation automa=
tically generated by dune build @doc
looks fairly unpleasant to me, as I don't see an easy way to explain what t=
he library is about. I'm creating this
topic in case I am missing something simple, and to get other people to sha=
re their library-documentation practices
or examples.








Problem description





For the sake of the example let's imagine that the library is called =
Foo and contains three modules A, B and
C. I'm using the standard dune approach of wrapped modules, so=
 I get three compilation units Foo.A, Foo.B,
Foo.C. Each module has a .mli file with documenta=
tion comments.





When I run dune build @doc, dune generates an index.html=
 file with basically no content, pointing to a
foo/index.html file with basically no content, pointing to a <=
code>foo/Foo/index.html looking like this:







Up =E2=80=93 foo =C2=BB Foo





Module Foo





module A : sig ... end





module B : sig ... end





module C : sig ... end







It's easy to skip the first two pages, and use the third page as a landing =
page for the documentation of my library.
However, this landing page is not very pleasant:



    

  1. It should explain what the library is about.
    2. 

  2. It should briefly describe what each module does, so that users know wh=
ich module they want to look at first.
    3. 





(Point 2 is especially important with "wrapped libraries", where it's not n=
ecessarily obvious which of the several
modules is the main entry point with the important functions to look at fir=
st. In comparison, in a design where the
"entry point" is in the Foo module, with Foo.A an=
d Foo.B as more advanced submodules (or Foo_A and=
 Foo_B in
the old days) the user is guided to look at Foo first.)





My problem is: what should I change in my Dune setup to be able to do this?





I have read the dune documentation on documentation, but
I could not find an answer to this question.










Rough ideas





Roughly I see two ways to get what I want, that I have not tried yet:



    

  1. I could write my own landing page for the library as a separate d=
oc.mld file, use the (documentation) stanza to get it i=
ncluded in the built documentation, and use this as the entry point into my=
 library.
    2. 

  2. In could write my own foo.ml module instead of using Dune'=
s default wrapped-module scaffolding, inserting my own module A =3D F=
oo__A aliases, with documentation comments in the standard style. Th=
en I suppose that foo/Foo/index.html would get this content in=
 the way I expect.
    3. 





They feel a bit complex to me, and (2) involves the tedious work of redoing=
 the wrapping logic myself. I guess that
(1) is not so bad, and I would be inclined to do this if it was documented =
somewhere as the recommended approach.





(Maybe there is some odoc option that would help solve this problem?)










Examples from other people?





Do you have a library built using dune with nice documentation? If so, can =
you show the documentation and the
corresponding sources (in particular dune setup)?













Thibaut Mattio replied





I think the documentation of Streaming is a great
example of the option 1 you describe.





The corresponding Dune setup can be found here





That's also the approach we took for Opium's documentation,
although the index page is certainly not as impressive as Streaming's.











gasche then said





Thanks! It looks like these systems rely on an undocumented feature of the =
(documentation) stanza (or odoc), which
is that a user-provided index.mld file will implicitly replace=
 the automatically-generated index.mld file, giving
a reasonably natural result.





The opium documentation also uses the
{!modules: modulename ...} markup directive, which is a way to=
 include the module index within this
manually-written landing page without having to duplicate the markup. Strea=
ming=C2=B9 uses inline
html instead to get a nicer-looking
result, but it is too much effort. Maybe there is a better way, or the tool=
s could be improved to make this easier.





=C2=B9: I'm ashamed to admit that I wasn't aware of this very nice library
Stre=
aming, am I consuming the wrong sources of
information on the OCaml ecosystem?





Finally, the Opium documentation manifestly has a short synopsis for each m=
odule in its listing, which corresponds to
my "It should briefly describe what each module does" requirement. I believ=
e that this comes from the first line of
the first documentation comment of the module. There are module-global docu=
mentation comments in the library I'm
working on, but they do not include such first-line headers.





Once I have the impression of understanding what is a good way to do this, =
I may try to contribute better
documentation in dune.











Gabriel Radanne replied







It looks like these systems rely on an undocumented feature of the (d=
ocumentation) stanza (or odoc), which is that
a user-provided index.mld file will implicitly replace the aut=
omatically-generated index.mld file, giving a
reasonably natural result.







I confirm this feature is here to stay, is the right one to customize your =
index page, and in the future will benefit
from good support from odoc directly.







The opium documentation also uses the
{!modules: modulename ...} markup directive, which is a way to=
 include the module index within this
manually-written landing page without having to duplicate the markup. Strea=
ming=C2=B9 uses inline
html instead to get a nicer-looking
result, but it is too much effort. Maybe there is a better way, or the tool=
s could be improved to make this easier.







I would strongly advise to use the modules markup directive, a=
nd to suggests output improvements on odoc's bug
instead of hacking HTML together. We could absolutely add the synopsis of t=
he module here, for instance.











Daniel B=C3=BCnzli then said







which is that a user-provided index.mld file will implicitly r=
eplace the automatically-generated index.mld file,
giving a reasonably natural result.







This is also the correct way to customize the landing page of your package =
for odig generated doc sets, see
here for more information.







I confirm this feature is here to stay, is the right one to customize your =
index page, and in the future will benefit
from good support from odoc directly.







There's an open issue about that here.















Alt-Ergo 2.4.0 release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-alt-ergo-2-4-0-release/7134/1








OCamlPro announced





We are pleased to announce a new release of Alt-Ergo!





Alt-Ergo 2.4.0 is now available from Alt-Ergo=E2=80=99s website. An associated opam package
will be published in the next few days.





This release contains some major novelties:




    

  • Alt-Ergo supports incremental commands (push/pop) from the smt-lib standard.
    • 

  • We switched command line parsing to use cmdliner. You will need to use –<option n=
ame> instead of -<option name>. Some options have also been rename=
d, see the manpage or the documentation.
    • 

  • We improved the online documentation of your solver, available here.
    • 





This release also contains some minor novelties:




    

  • .mlw and .why extension are depreciated, the use of .ae extension is ad=
vised.
    • 

  • Add –input (resp –output) option to manually set the inpu=
t (resp output) file format
    • 

  • Add –pretty-output option to add better debug formatting and to =
add colors
    • 

  • Add exponentiation operation, ** in native Alt-Ergo syntax. The operato=
r is fully interpreted when applied to constants
    • 

  • Fix –steps-count and improve the way steps are counted (AdaCore =
contribution)
    • 

  • Add –instantiation-heuristic option that can enable lighter or h=
eavier instantiation
    • 

  • Reduce the instantiation context (considered foralls / exists) in CDCL-=
Tableaux to better mimic the Tableaux-like SAT solver
    • 

  • Multiple bugfixes
    • 





The full list of changes is available here. As usual, do
not hesitate to report bugs, to ask questions, or to give your feedback!















First release of Art - Adaptive Radix Tree in OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-re=
lease-of-art-adaptive-radix-tree-in-ocaml/7142/1








Calascibetta Romain announced





I'm glad to announce the first release of art, an implementation of the
Adaptive Radix Tree in OCaml. The goal of this library is to provide a =
data-structure such as Map.S
(and keep the order) with performances of Hashtbl.t.








Performances





art uses Becham=
el as a tool for micro-benchmarking and it compares performances about
insertion=
 and lookup=
. As you can see, about insertion, art is definitely more fast
than Hashtbl.t.





For the lookup operation, we are slightly =
more fast than the Hashtbl.t. The main advantage comparing to
Hashtbl.t is the ability to use maximum~/~minimum=
 or to iter over the whole data-structure with a certain
order.





On details, benchmarks use a normal distribution of strings ab=
out their lengths. As a practical example where art
will be better than Hashtbl.t is when you want to index several words (such as email addresses).










Tests





Of course, the library provide a fuzzer and tests have a coverage of: 91.93 %










Read Optimized Write Exclusion - ROWEX





Even if it's not a part of the package, the distribution comes with lock-free  implementation of art: rowex.
This implementation comes from a research paper about data-structure and atomic operatio=
ns.





ROWEX provides a persistent implementation=
 which manipulates a file to store the whole data-structure. The goal is
to provide an indexer free to be manipulat=
ed by several processes in parallel.





Currently, the implementation of ROWEX in OCaml is not well-tested and it i=
s no distributed. It does not take the
advantage of ocaml-multicore (but it should) but outcomes are good and the developm=
ent will be
more focus on this part.





So feel free to play with it a bit :+1:.

















perf demangling of OCaml symbols (and a short introduction to =
perf)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
ann-perf-demangling-of-ocaml-symbols-a-short-introduction-to-perf/7143/1








Fabian announced





As a project sponsored by the OCaml softw=
are foundation, I've worked on demangling OCaml
symbols in per=
f. Some screenshots are below. The work is
currently being upstreamed. In the meantime, it can be used as follows:






git clone --depth=3D1 https://github.com/copy/=
linux.git
# or=
:
# wg=
et https://github.com/copy/linux/archive/master.tar.gz && tar xfv m=
aster.tar.gz
cd linux/tools/perf
make
alias PWD/perf
# or=
 copy perf to somewhere in your PATH







Your distribution's version of perf will also work for the examples below, =
but will have less readable symbols :-)








Short intruction to perf





Perf is a Linux-only sampling profiler (and more), which can be used to ana=
lyse the performance profile of OCaml and
other executables. When compiling with ocamlopt, add -g to inc=
lude debug information in the executable. dune does
this automatically, even in the release profile. To start a program and rec=
ord its profile:



perf record --call-graph dwarf program.exe




Or record a running program:



perf record --call-graph dwarf -p `pidof program.exe`





Then, view a profile using:



perf report # top-down
perf report --no-children # bottom-up





Within the report view, the following keybindings are useful:




    

  • +: open/close one callchain level
    • 

  • e: open/close entire callchain
    • 

  • t: Toggle beween current thread and all threads (e.g., onl=
y dune, ocamlopt, etc.)
    • 





Or generate a flamegraph:






git clone https://github.com/brendangregg/Flam=
eGraph
cd FlameGraph
perf script -i path/to/perf.data | ./stackcollapse-perf.pl | ./flamegraph.p=
l > perf-flamegraph.svg







You may need to run the following command to allow recording by non-root us=
ers (more
infos):



echo 0 | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid



















Decimal 0.2.1 - arbitrary-precision decimal floating point





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/decimal-0=
-2-1-arbitrary-precision-decimal-floating-point/7144/1








Yawar Amin announced





Happy to announce that decimal 0.2.1 has been pubished on opam.





decimal is a port of Python's decimal module to OCaml and
implements the Gen=
eral Decimal Arithmetic Specification. However note
that it is a port in progress–basic arithmetic and rounding function=
s have been ported, but I am still working on
powers and logs. The ported functions pass the same unit test suite that th=
e Python version does (with some minor
modifications).





Another caveat: currently the library is only supported on 64-bit architect=
ures due to (exponent) overflow issues on
32-bit. If anyone is willing to test and fix overflows on 32-bit, I am more=
 than happy to accept PRs.





Here's an example of using the module:






(* Rosetta Code Currency Example *)

(* D=
emo purposes, normally you'd prefix module name or local open *)
open Decimal

let hamburger_qty =3D of_string "4_000_000_000_000_000"
let hamburger_amt =3D of_string "5.50"
let milkshake_qty =3D of_int 2
let milkshake_amt =3D of_string "2.86"

(* S=
hortcut to divide 7.65 by 100 *)
let tax_rate =3D of_string "7.65e-2"

let subtotal =3D hamburger_qty * hamburger_amt + mi=
lkshake_qty * milkshake_amt
let tax =3D round ~=
n:2 (subtotal * tax_rate)
let total =3D subtotal + tax

let () =3D Format.printf "Subtotal: %a
     Tax:  %a
   Total: %a\n" pp subtotal pp tax p=
p total







You can get the package with: opam install decimal. Minimum OC=
aml version 4.08.















Basic GitLab CI configuration





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/basic-gitlab-ci-configuration/3327/=
25








gasche announced





After a long ci-golfing adventure (83 tests), I got a .gitlab-ci.yml<=
/code> file that I think is reusable and useful for
small projects / libraries:






Features:



    

  • It is project-agnostic, so it should work unchanged for your own (simpl=
e) projects.
    • 

  • It caches the opam dependencies.
    • 

  • It builds the project, runs the tests and builds the documentation.
    • 

  • Several compiler versions can be tested in parallel.
    • 

  • It provides an easy way to upload the documentation as "Gitlab project =
Pages".
    • 





CI times are satisfying: on very small libraries I observe a 11mn job time =
on the first run (or when cleaning the
opam cache), and 2mn job time on following runs.





The expected usage-mode of this CI configuration is that you copy it in you=
r own project. If you find that you
need/want additional features, ideally you would try to write them in a pro=
ject-agonistic way and contribute them
back to the example repository.





This configuration does not use @smondet's trick of generating a docker ima=
ge on the fly. I think this would be an
excellent idea to get more reliable caching, but it is too complex for me a=
nd I don't see how to do it in a
maintainable and project-agnostic way.








Current status





I wrote this CI configuration over the week-end, and have not used it much.=
 I expect it to keep evolving somewhat
before it stabilizes. Feedback from other people trying to use the configur=
ation would be warmly welcome.










Aside on _build caching





I also implemented caching of dune's _build data, inspired by =
the
data-encoding example of
@raphael-proust. I don't need it for my small projects (dune build is 3s, c=
ompared to 1m setting up the Docker
image), but I thought it would make the CI configuration scale better to la=
rger projects.





When I tested this CI configuration, I discovered that caching the dune _build data does not work as well as I had
expected. (Tracking issue: dune#4150).





I can tell because I am asking dune to tell me about what it is rebuilding =
(dune build --display short). I suspect
that projects that cache the _build data without loggin=
g what dune (re)builds are also not caching as much as
they think they are.





(But then maybe the use of a fixed-compiler OPAM image, as data-encoding is=
 using, solves the issue.)










official CI template?





I considered submitting this CI configuration as an "OCaml Gitlab CI templa=
te" to go with the official list of
"blessed" CI templates in the documentation. But
reading the Development guide for Gitlab CI/CD
templates convinced me that my
CI configuration is nowhere ready to serve this role.





Gitlab developers apparently expect that users will be able to "include" th=
ose CI templates by pointing to their URL,
and then tune it for their own use-case (without modifying it) by performin=
g some (unreasonable?) inheritance tricks
using whatever those configurations offers as abstraction/inheritance/exten=
sion/overriding mechanism. Let's just say
that this is next-level CI configuration writing, and that my script is not=
 ready for this.

















OCaml Office Hours?





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-office-hours/7132/4








Deep in this thread, UnixJunkie said





In addition to mailing lists and discuss, there is also an IRC channel wher=
e people can interact with some ocaml
experts in a more "interactive" manner (//irc.freenode.net/#ocaml)















json-data-encoding 0.9





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-json-data-encoding-0-9/7157/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I'm ha=
ppy to announce the release of json-data-encoding
version 0.9.





The code is hosted on Gitlab: https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/json-data-encoding
It is distributed under GNU LGPL with linking exception.
The documentation is available online: https://nomadic-labs.gitlab.io/json-data-encodin=
g/
The package is available under opam: opam install json-data-encoding<=
/code>





json-data-encoding is a library to define encoder/decoder values to transla=
te OCaml values to JSON and back. It also
generates JSON schemas so you can document the value representation. It can=
 use either Ezjsonm or Yojson as backends.





The version 0.9 has the following new features:



    

  • more tests
    • 

  • memoisation of fixpoint encoding to avoid repeated computations
    • 

  • support for format field for string schemas (see https://json-schema.org/understanding-json-schema/reference/string=
.html#format) (contributed by @levillain.maxime)
    • 

  • fixed integer bound printing in schemas (bug report by @pw374)
    • 

  • support for json-lexeme streaming (see details below)
    • 

  • support for inclusion/exclusion of default-value fields during serialis=
ation (contributed by @levillain.maxime)
    • 

  • improved union-of-object schemas (contributed by @levillain.maxime)
    • 





One major difference with the previous release is the inclusion of a lexeme=
-streaming JSON constructor. Specifically,
the function






val construct_seq : 't e=
ncoding -> 't -> jsonm_lexeme Stdlib.=
Seq.t







generates a sequence of Jsonm.lexeme (the . This sequence is l=
azy (in the sense of Stdlib.Seq not of
Stdlib.Lazy) and it paves the way to a similar feature in data-encoding. An interesting feature of sequences is
that they can be used in Vanilla OCaml settings as well as Lwt/Async settin=
gs where they allow user-driven yielding
in between elements.















VSCode OCaml Platform v1.6.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-vscode-ocaml-platform-v1-6-0/=
7164/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the vscode-ocaml-platform team, I'm pleased to announce 1.6.0.=
 This release contains a new activity tab
for managing opam switches developed by @tmattio. We hope you find it usefu=
l.





Change log:






- Highlight token aliases in Menhir associativity=
 declarations (#473)

- Activate the extension when workspace contains OCaml, Reason sources or
  project marker files. (#482)

- Add `ocaml.useOcamlEnv` setting to determine whether to use `ocaml-env` f=
or
  opam commands from OCaml for Windows (#481)

- Fix terminal creation when using default shell and arguments (#484)

- Add an OCaml activity tab.

  The activity tab provides three views: the available switches, the build
  commands and an Help and Feedback section with links to community channel=
s.

- Support `eliom` and `eliomi` file extensions (#487)

- Fix ocaml/ocaml-lsp#358: automatic insertion of an inferred interface was
  inserting code incorrectly on the second switch to the newly created (uns=
aved)
  `mli` file. If the new `mli` file isn't empty, we don't insert inferred
  interface (#498)

















release 0.3.0 of drom, the OCaml project creator





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-0-=
3-0-of-drom-the-ocaml-project-creator/7166/1








Fabrice Le Fessant announced





We are pleased to release version 0.3.0 of drom, the OCaml pro=
ject creator.





drom is born from a simple observation: every time you create =
a new OCaml project, you spend time searching and
copy-pasting files from other projects, adapting them to the new one. drom does that for you: it comes with a set
of predefined skeleton projects, that you can easily configure and adapt to=
 your goal.





It's as easy as:



$ drom new
  # check the list of skeletons
$ drom new PROJECT_NAME --skeleton SKELETON_NAME
$ cd PROJECT_NAME
$ emacs drom.toml
   # ... edit basic description, dependencies, etc. ...
$ drom project
$ drom build




Thanks to contributors (Maxime Levillain and David Declerck), the list of p=
roject skeletons for drom 0.3.0 has grown:



    

  • OCaml projects: library menhir mini_lib mini_prg ppx_deriver ppx_rewrit=
er program
    • 

  • C Bindings: c_binding ctypes_foreign ctypes_stubs
    • 

  • Javascript projects: js_lib js_prg vue wasm_binding
    • 





and you can easily contribute your own: for example, gh:USER/SKELETON=
 will trigger the download of the
USER/SKELETON project from Github as a template for your new p=
roject.





drom is available from opam: opam update &a=
mp;& opam install drom.0.3.0





https://github.com/ocamlpro/dr=
om





Enjoy !















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives<=
/a>.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 26 to Februar=
y 02, 2021.









release 0.2.2 of ppx_deriving_encoding





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-0-2-2-of-pp=
x-deriving-encoding/7169/1








levillain.maxime announced





Following the release of json-data-encoding.0.9, I am
happy to announce the release of ppx_deriving_encoding.0.2.2.





The code source and some documentation is available on gitlab, and
the package can be installed with opam (opam install ppx_deriving_enc=
oding).





This ppx allows to derive encoding of json-data-encoding library from most =
of ocaml types.





Have fun!















OCaml 4.12.0, second beta release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-12-0-second-beta-release/=
7171/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.12.0 is on the horizon. We have created a new beta
version to help you adapt your software to the new features ahead of the re=
lease.





Compared to the first beta release, this new release contains one fix for t=
he
Thread library (for a race condition on Windows), and experimentally re-ena=
bles
building the compiler on illumos and Oracle Solaris.





We are expecting this beta to be the last one before the release.





If you find any bugs, please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues





Happy hacking,





– Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.








Installation instructions





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands





opam update
opam switch create 4.12.0~beta2 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-reposit=
ory.git






If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can pick config=
uration options with





opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~b=
eta2+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where <option_list> is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-* packa=
ges. For
instance, for a flambda and afl enabled switch:





opam switch create 4.12.0~beta2+flambda+afl
--packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~beta2+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocaml=
-option-afl
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






All available options can be listed with "opam search ocaml-option".





The source code is available at these addresses:







If you want to test this version, you may want to install the alpha opam re=
pository





https://gi=
thub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository





with





opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-ka=
te/opam-alpha-repository.git






This alpha repository contains various packages patched with fixes in the
process of being upstreamed. Once the repository installed, these patched
packages will take precedence over the non-patched version.










Changes from the first beta








Thread library




    

  • additional fixes 9757, 98=
46, +10161:=
 check proper ownership when operating over mutexes. Now, unlocking a mutex=
 held by another thread or not locked at all reliably raises a Sys_error ex=
ception.  Before, it was undefined behavior, but the documentation did not =
say so. Likewise, locking a mutex already locked by the current thread reli=
ably raises a Sys_error exception.  Before, it could deadlock or succeed (a=
nd do recursive locking), depending on the OS. (Xavier Leroy, report by Gui=
llaume Munch-Maccagnoni, review by Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni, David Allsop=
p, and Stephen Dolan)
    • 










Build system




    

  • 10063: (Re-=
)enable building on illumos (SmartOS, OmniOS, …) and Oracle Solaris;=
 x86_64/GCC and 64-bit SPARC/Sun PRO C compilers. (partially revert 2024). (T=C3=B5ivo Leed=
j=C3=A4rv and Konstantin Romanov, review by Gabriel Scherer, S=C3=A9bastien=
 Hinderer and Xavier Leroy)
    • 










Documentation




    

  • 9755: Manual=
: post-processing the html generated by ocamldoc and hevea. Improvements on=
 design and navigation, including a mobile version, and a quick-search func=
tionality for the API. (San V=C5=A9 Ng=E1=BB=8Dc, review by David Allsopp a=
nd Florian Angeletti)
    • 


  • 10142, 10154: improved ren=
dering and latex code for toplevel code examples. (Florian Angeletti, repor=
t by John Whitington, review by Gabriel Scherer)
    • 



















OCaml Office Hours?





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-office-hours/7132/9








Deep in this thread, Orbifx said





And there is XMPP: <xmpp:ocaml@conference.orbitalfox.eu?join>















Timere 0.1.3 - Dealing with time and time zones have never bee=
n easier





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/ann-timere-0-1-3-dealing-with-time-and-time-zones-have-never-been-ea=
sier/7173/1








Darren announced





I am happy to announce first release of Timere, a time handling and
reasoning library, which @Drup and I have been working on recently.








Examples





Christmases which fall on Wednesday from now





let () =3D
  let open Timere i=
n
  match
    resolve (
      after (Date_time.now ())
      & months [`Dec]
      & days [25]
      & weekdays [`Wed]
    )
  with
  | Error=
 msg -> failwith msg
  | Ok s =
->
    Fmt.pr "%a@." (pp_intervals ~sep:(Fmt.any "@.") ()) s






gives



[2024 Dec 25 00:00:00 +00:00:00, 2024 Dec 26 00:00:00 +00:00:00)
[2030 Dec 25 00:00:00 +00:00:00, 2030 Dec 26 00:00:00 +00:00:00)
[2041 Dec 25 00:00:00 +00:00:00, 2041 Dec 26 00:00:00 +00:00:00)
[2047 Dec 25 00:00:00 +00:00:00, 2047 Dec 26 00:00:00 +00:00:00)
[2052 Dec 25 00:00:00 +00:00:00, 2052 Dec 26 00:00:00 +00:00:00)
[2058 Dec 25 00:00:00 +00:00:00, 2058 Dec 26 00:00:00 +00:00:00)
...





See he=
re for more examples










Features




    

  • Timestamp and date time handling with platform independent time zone su=
pport

      

    • Subset of the IANA time zone database is built into this library
      • 

    • 

  • Reasoning over time intervals via timere objects/expressions, examples:

      

    • Pattern matching time and intervals. These work across DST boundaries.<=
/li>

    • Intersection and union
      • 

    • Chunking at year or month boundary, or in fixed sizes
      • 

    • Evaluate (sub)expressions with a different time zone (e.g. intersection=
 of 9am to 5pm of Sydney and 9am to 5pm of New York)
      • 

    • 



















Interesting OCaml Articles





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interesting-ocaml-articles/1867/92








Yawar Amin announced





Not primarily a programming article but I thought this is an interesting ex=
ception because it may be the first time
OCaml has been mentioned in the Financial Times: https://www.ft.com/conten=
t/81811f27-4a8f-4941-99b3-2762cae76542















json-data-encoding 0.9





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-json-data-encoding-0-9/7157/2








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





On behalf of Nomadic Labs, it is my pleasure to release json-data-encoding.=
0.9.1. The code of this packaging-fix
release is identical to the recent json-data-encoding.0.9 but the license i=
nformation has been corrected.





The previous release had LGPL with linking except=
ion headers in the source files, LICENSE file in the repository,
and license field in the opam file. However, the code was actually under MI=
T as per agreement of the copyright
holders. Release 0.9.1 has the correct license headers, LICENSE file and li=
cense field in the opam files.





The code of 0.9/0.9.1 is in dual license. Future releases will be under MIT=
 license only.















ocamlearlybird 1.0.0 beta1





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlearlybird-1-0-0-beta1/7180=
/1








=E6=96=87=E5=AE=87=E7=A5=A5 announced





I'm pleased to annonce that ocamlearlybird 1.0.0~beta1 just released.
Will soon be available on opam.





This is a big step that we toward 1.0.0. We solved lots of issues and teste=
d with realy ocaml projects such as utop,
ocamlformat, and so on. And certainly, it can debug ocamlearlybird itself.





Try yourself!








NOTES.




    

  • New version only support OCaml 4.11. If you need other versions support=
, please let me know.
    • 

  • Dune-release do not support 1.0.0~beta1 version string. So=
 we released 1.0.0 as 1.0.0~beta1 on opam.
    • 










KNOWN ISSUES:




    

  • Continue run command may hit on last removed breakpoint once when debug=
 utop.
    • 













=E6=96=87=E5=AE=87=E7=A5=A5





Since the post has edited over 3 times. I can't edit it anyway. I uploaded =
demo video here:





Debug utop















Cmdliner cheatsheet





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/cmdliner-cheatsheet/7185/1








Martin Jambon announced





As a follow-up to an earlier
conversation, I made a
cheatsheet and a=
 template for using cmdliner by @dbuenzli. It was
done quickly and I don't know everything about cmdliner, so please let me k=
now if you see mistakes.











Christian Lindig then said





Good to see this. I believe a common use case is to add are sub commands as=
 popularised by git. It looks like this
in my code:






module C =3D Cmdliner

let report =3D
  let doc =3D "genera=
te HTML or JSON report for an outing" in
  let man =3D ..   in
  C.Term.
    (ret (const make $ common_option=
s $ json $ path), info "report" ~=
doc ~man)

let default =3D
  let help =3D `Help (`Pager, None) in
  let doc =3D "GPS an=
alysis for rowers" C.Term.(ret @@ const help, info "eightp=
lus" ~doc ~man)

let cmds =3D [ export; report; topspeed; debug; sum=
mary; help ]
let main () =3D C.T=
erm.(eval_choice default cmds |><=
/span> exit)
let () =3D if !Sys.interactive then () else mai=
n ()













Martin Jambon later said





I just added a demo/template for subcommand handling. There are now two demo
programs. One is focused on the different kinds of
arguments and the other one on subcommands.











Shon also replied





In this same vein, I've been compiling "executable notes" whenever I find m=
yself needing a certain Cmdlner recipe. I
took took these recent discussion as an occasion to document the module a b=
it: https://github.com/shon=
feder/kwdcmd





The aim is to provide "self-documenting" constructors that encode the compo=
sition of common CLI terms into module
namespaces, labeled args, and type aliases. The hope being that I can have =
the type signature of a combinator give me
all the hints I need to avoid having to look up the documentation every tim=
e :laughing:





It's just a very rough (and quite imperfect) collection of idioms I've foun=
d useful, but it could be worth a look!
When i get a chance, I hope to look through your cheat sheet to make sure I=
 have a representative constructor for
each idiom you've documented.















containers 3.2





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-containers-3-2/7196/1








Simon Cruanes announced





I'm happy to announce that containers 3.2 has just been
re=
leased. It should arrive on opam soon. It notably
contains an Either compatibility wrapper, more formatting func=
tions, list functions, and a bunch of fixes. Many
thanks to @darrenldl for contributing some initial fuzzing support.















OCaml Caf=C3=A9: Thu, Feb 11 @ 7pm (U.S. Central)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-cafe-thu-feb-11-7pm-u-=
s-central/7197/1








Claude Jager-Rubinson announced





Join us with your questions about the OCaml language, or just to hang out w=
ith the OCaml community. Especially geared
toward new and intermediate users, experienced OCaml developers will be ava=
ilable to answer your questions about the
language and ecosystem.





Whether you=E2=80=99re still trying to make sense of currying or can spot n=
on-tail-recursive code from across the room, we
hope that you=E2=80=99ll join us on Thursday, February 11 at 7pm (U.S. Cent=
ral time). Meeting info and additional details can
be found at https://hfpug.org.















Dependency graph of some OCaml source files





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dependency-graph-of-so=
me-ocaml-source-files/7198/6








Deep in this thread, Jun FURUSE said





You may be interested in cmgraph which scrapes the compiled modules
(*.cmi/*.cmo/*.cmx) instead of the source code.  It needs no c=
ompilation switch options since it does not scrape
source code.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
 comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 09 to 16,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

opam 2.0.8 release
opam 2.1.0~beta4
Set up OCaml 1.1.6
Set up OCaml 1.1.7
Old CWN


opam 2.0.8 release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


R. Boujbel announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are pleased to announce the minor release of [opam 2.0.8].

  This new version contains some fixes, mainly for sandbox and fish
  scripts. You can find more information in this [blog post], and more
  detailed in the [release note].

  /opam is a source-based package manager for OCaml. It supports
  multiple simultaneous compiler installations, flexible package
  constraints, and a Git-friendly development workflow./


[opam 2.0.8] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 


opam 2.1.0~beta4
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


David Allsopp announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the opam team, it gives me great pleasure to announce the
  third beta release of opam 2.1. Don=E2=80=99t worry, you didn=E2=80=99t m=
iss beta3 -
  we had an issue with a configure script that caused beta2 to report as
  beta3 in some instances, so we skipped to beta4 to avoid any further
  confusion!

  We encourage you to try out this new beta release: there are
  instructions for doing so in [our wiki]. The instructions include
  taking a backup of your `~/.opam' root as part of the process, which
  can be restored in order to wind back. _Please note that local
  switches which are written to by opam 2.1 are upgraded and will need
  to be rebuilt if you go back to opam 2.0_. This can either be done by
  removing `_opam' and repeating whatever you use in your build process
  to create the switch, or you can use `opam switch export
  switch.export' to backup the switch to a file before installing new
  packages. Note that opam 2.1 _shouldn=E2=80=99t_ upgrade a local switch u=
nless
  you upgrade the base packages (i.e. the compiler).


[our wiki]


What=E2=80=99s new in opam 2.1?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Switch invariants
  =E2=80=A2 Improved options configuration (see the new `option' and expand=
ed
    `var' sub-commands)
  =E2=80=A2 Integration of system dependencies (formerly the opam-depext
    plugin), increasing their reliability as it integrates the solving
    step
  =E2=80=A2 Creation of lock files for reproducible installations (formerly=
 the
    opam-lock plugin)
  =E2=80=A2 CLI versioning, allowing cleaner deprecations for opam now and =
also
    improvements to semantics in future without breaking
    backwards-compatibility
  =E2=80=A2 Performance improvements to opam-update, conflict messages, and=
 many
    other areas
  =E2=80=A2 New plugins: opam-compiler and opam-monorepo


Switch invariants
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84

  In opam 2.0, when a switch is created the packages selected are put
  into the =E2=80=9Cbase=E2=80=9D of the switch. These packages are not nor=
mally
  considered for upgrade, in order to ease pressure on opam=E2=80=99s
  solver. This was a much bigger concern early on in opam 2.0=E2=80=99s
  development, but is less of a problem with the default mccs solver.

  However, it=E2=80=99s a problem for system compilers. opam would detect t=
hat
  your system compiler version had changed, but be unable to upgrade the
  ocaml-system package unless you went through a slightly convoluted
  process with `--unlock-base'.

  In opam 2.1, base packages have been replaced by switch
  invariants. The switch invariant is a package formula which must be
  satisfied on every upgrade and install. All existing switches=E2=80=99 ba=
se
  packages could just be expressed as `package1 & package2 & package3'
  etc. but opam 2.1 recognises many existing patterns and simplifies
  them, so in most cases the invariant will be `"ocaml-base-compiler" {=3D
  4.11.1}', etc. This means that `opam switch create my_switch
  ocaml-system' now creates a _switch invariant_ of `"ocaml-system"'
  rather than a specific version of the `ocaml-system' package. If your
  system OCaml package is updated, `opam upgrade' will seamlessly switch
  to the new package.

  This also allows you to have switches which automatically install new
  point releases of OCaml. For example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create ocaml-4.11 --formula=3D'"ocaml-base-compiler=
" {>=3D "4.11.0" & < "4.12.0~"}'
  =E2=94=82 --repos=3Dold=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository#a1=
1299d81591
  =E2=94=82 opam install utop
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Creates a switch with OCaml 4.11.0 (the `--repos=3D' was just to select
  a version of opam-repository from before 4.11.1 was released). Now
  issue:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam repo set-url old git+https://github.com/ocaml/opam-reposit=
ory
  =E2=94=82 opam upgrade
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and opam 2.1 will automatically offer to upgrade OCaml 4.11.1 along
  with a rebuild of the switch. There=E2=80=99s not yet a clean CLI for
  specifying the formula, but we intend to iterate further on this with
  future opam releases so that there is an easier way of saying =E2=80=9Cin=
stall
  OCaml 4.11.x=E2=80=9D.


opam depext integration
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  opam has long included the ability to install system dependencies
  automatically via the [depext plugin]. This plugin has been promoted
  to a native feature of opam 2.1.0 onwards, giving the following
  benefits:

  =E2=80=A2 You no longer have to remember to run `opam depext', opam always
    checks depexts (there are options to disable this or automate it for
    CI use). Installation of an opam package in a CI system is now as
    easy as `opam install .', without having to do the dance of `opam
    pin add -n/depext/install'. Just one command now for the common
    case!
  =E2=80=A2 The solver is only called once, which both saves time and also
    stabilises the behaviour of opam in cases where the solver result is
    not stable. It was possible to get one package solution for the
    `opam depext' stage and a different solution for the `opam install'
    stage, resulting in some depexts missing.
  =E2=80=A2 opam now has full knowledge of depexts, which means that packag=
es
    can be automatically selected based on whether a system package is
    already installed. For example, if you have *neither* MariaDB nor
    MySQL dev libraries installed, `opam install mysql' will offer to
    install `conf-mysql' and `mysql', but if you have the MariaDB dev
    libraries installed, opam will offer to install `conf-mariadb' and
    `mysql'.


[depext plugin] 


opam lock files and reproducibility
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84

  When opam was first released, it had the mission of gathering together
  scattered OCaml source code to build a [community repository]. As time
  marches on, the size of the opam repository has grown tremendously, to
  over 3000 unique packages with over 18000 unique versions. opam looks
  at all these packages and is designed to solve for the best
  constraints for a given package, so that your project can keep up with
  releases of your dependencies.

  While this works well for libraries, we need a different strategy for
  projects that need to test and ship using a fixed set of
  dependencies. To satisfy this use-case, opam 2.0.0 shipped with
  support for _using_ `project.opam.locked' files. These are normal opam
  files but with exact versions of dependencies. The lock file can be
  used as simply as `opam install . --locked' to have a reproducible
  package installation.

  With opam 2.1.0, the creation of lock files is also now integrated
  into the client:
  =E2=80=A2 `opam lock' will create a `.locked' file for your current switc=
h and
    project, that you can check into the repository.
  =E2=80=A2 `opam switch create . --locked' can be used by users to reprodu=
ce
    your dependencies in a fresh switch.

  This lets a project simultaneously keep up with the latest
  dependencies (without lock files) while providing a stricter set for
  projects that need it (with lock files).


[community repository] 


CLI Versioning
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  A new `--cli' switch was added to the first beta release, but it=E2=80=99s
  only now that it=E2=80=99s being widely used. opam is a complex enough sy=
stem
  that sometimes bug fixes need to change the semantics of some
  commands. For example:

  =E2=80=A2 `opam show --file' needed to change behaviour
  =E2=80=A2 The addition of new controls for setting global variables means=
 that
    the `opam config' was becoming cluttered and some things want to
    move to `opam var'
  =E2=80=A2 `opam switch create 4.11.1' still works in opam 2.0, but it=E2=
=80=99s really
    an OPAM 1.2.2 syntax.

  Changing the CLI is exceptionally painful since it can break scripts
  and tools which themselves need to drive `opam'.  CLI versioning is
  our attempt to solve this. The feature is inspired by the `(lang dune
  ...)' stanza in `dune-project' files which has allowed the Dune
  project to rename variables and alter semantics without requiring
  every single package using Dune to upgrade their `dune' files on each
  release.

  Now you can specify which version of opam you expected the command to
  be run against. In day-to-day use of opam at the terminal, you
  wouldn=E2=80=99t specify it, and you=E2=80=99ll get the latest version of=
 the CLI. For
  example: `opam var --global' is the same as `opam var --cli=3D2.1
  --global'. However, if you issue `opam var --cli=3D2.0 --global', you
  will told that `--global' was added in 2.1 and so is not available to
  you. You can see similar things with the renaming of `opam upgrade
  --unlock-base' to `opam upgrade --update-invariant'.

  The intention is that `--cli' should be used in scripts, user guides
  (e.g. blog posts), and in software which calls opam. The only decision
  you have to take is the _oldest_ version of opam which you need to
  support. If your script is using a new opam 2.1 feature (for example
  `opam switch create --formula=3D') then you simply don=E2=80=99t support =
opam
  2.0. If you need to support opam 2.0, then you can=E2=80=99t use `--formu=
la'
  and should use `--packages' instead. opam 2.0 does not have the
  `--cli' option, so for opam 2.0 instead of `--cli=3D2.0' you should set
  the environment variable `OPAMCLI' to `2.0'. As with _all_ opam
  command line switches, `OPAMCLI' is simply the equivalent of `--cli'
  which opam 2.1 will pick-up but opam 2.0 will quietly ignore (and, as
  with other options, the command line takes precedence over the
  environment).

  Note that opam 2.1 sets `OPAMCLI=3D2.0' when building packages, so on
  the rare instances where you need to use the `opam' command in a
  _package_ `build:' command (or in your build system), you _must_
  specify `--cli=3D2.1' if you=E2=80=99re using new features.

  There=E2=80=99s even more detail on this feature [in our wiki]. We=E2=80=
=99re still
  finalising some details on exactly how `opam' behaves when `--cli' is
  not given, but we=E2=80=99re hoping that this feature will make it much e=
asier
  in future releases for opam to make required changes and improvements
  to the CLI without breaking existing set-ups and tools.


[in our wiki]



What=E2=80=99s new since the last beta?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 opam now uses CLI versioning ([#4385])
  =E2=80=A2 opam now exits with code 31 if all failures were during fetch
    operations ([#4214])
  =E2=80=A2 `opam install' now has a `--download-only' flag ([#4036]), allo=
wing
    opam=E2=80=99s caches to be primed
  =E2=80=A2 `opam init' now advises the correct shell-specific command for =
`eval
    $(opam env)' ([#4427])
  =E2=80=A2 `post-install' hooks are now allowed to modify or remove instal=
led
    files ([#4388])
  =E2=80=A2 New package variable `opamfile-loc' with the location of the
    installed package opam file ([#4402])
  =E2=80=A2 `opam update' now has `--depexts' flag ([#4355]), allowing the
    system package manager to update too
  =E2=80=A2 depext support NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD added ([#4396])
  =E2=80=A2 The format-preserving opam file printer has been overhauled
    ([#3993], [#4298] and [#4302])
  =E2=80=A2 pins are now fetched in parallel ([#4315])
  =E2=80=A2 `os-family=3Dubuntu' is now treated as `os-family=3Ddebian' ([#=
4441])
  =E2=80=A2 `opam lint' now checks that strings in filtered package formula=
e are
    booleans or variables ([#4439])

  and many other bug fixes as listed [on the release page].


[#4385] 

[#4214] 

[#4036] 

[#4427] 

[#4388] 

[#4402] 

[#4355] 

[#4396] 

[#3993] 

[#4298] 

[#4302] 

[#4315] 

[#4441] 

[#4439] 

[on the release page]



New Plugins
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Several features that were formerly plugins have been integrated into
  opam 2.1.0. We have also developed some _new_ plugins that satisfy
  emerging workflows from the community and the core OCaml team. They
  are available for use with the opam 2.1 beta as well, and feedback on
  them should be directed to the respective GitHub trackers for those
  plugins.


opam compiler
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  The [`opam compiler'] plugin can be used to create switches from
  various sources such as the main opam repository, the ocaml-multicore
  fork, or a local development directory. It can use Git tag names,
  branch names, or PR numbers to specify what to install.

  Once installed, these are normal opam switches, and one can install
  packages in them. To iterate on a compiler feature and try opam
  packages at the same time, it supports two ways to reinstall the
  compiler: either a safe and slow technique that will reinstall all
  packages, or a quick way that will just overwrite the compiler in
  place.


[`opam compiler'] 


opam monorepo
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  The [`opam monorepo'] plugin lets you assemble standalone dune
  workspaces with your projects and all of their opam dependencies,
  letting you build it all from scratch using only Dune and OCaml. This
  satisfies the =E2=80=9Cmonorepo=E2=80=9D workflow which is commonly reque=
sted by large
  projects that need all of their dependencies in one place. It is also
  being used by projects that need global cross-compilation for all
  aspects of a codebase (including C stubs in packages), such as the
  MirageOS unikernel framework.


[`opam monorepo'] 


Next Steps
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This is anticipated to be the final beta in the 2.1 series, and we
  will be moving to release candidate status after this. We could really
  use your help with testing this release in your infrastructure and
  projects and let us know if you run into any blockers. If you have
  feature requests, please also report them on [our issue tracker] =E2=80=
=93 we
  will be planning the next release cycle once we ship opam 2.1.0
  shortly.


[our issue tracker] 


Set up OCaml 1.1.6
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release includes a change to make the OCaml CI workflow on
  Windows faster!

        I tested this on one of my repos where the build itself is
        mere seconds. Before this change, setup-ocaml needed an
        average of 5:39 to install OCaml+opam and 1:53 to build
        the dependencies of the library. After this change, it
        needs an average of 3:15 for the installation and 1:27 for
        the deps.


Changed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Windows installs Cygwin to `D:\cygwin', using faster Azure temp=
orary
    storage.

  


Set up OCaml 1.1.7
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Changed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Ubuntu and macOS runners no longer display "No switch is curren=
tly
    installed." before building the compiler.
  =E2=80=A2 Ubuntu no longer installs the system ocaml packages.
  =E2=80=A2 macOS no longer builds two compilers on every run.
  =E2=80=A2 Upgrade opam to 2.0.8 for Linux VMs.

  


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 09 to 16, 20=
21.









opam 2.0.8 release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-0-8-release/7242/1








R. Boujbel announced





We are pleased to announce the minor release of opam 2.0.8.





This new version contains some fixes, mainly for sandbox and fish scripts. =
You can find more information in this
blog post, and more =
detailed in the release
note.





opam is a source-based package manager for OCaml. It supports multiple s=
imultaneous compiler installations, flexible package constraints, and a Git=
-friendly development workflow.















opam 2.1.0~beta4





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-1-0-beta4/7252/1








David Allsopp announced





On behalf of the opam team, it gives me great pleasure to announce the thir=
d beta release of opam 2.1. Don=E2=80=99t worry,
you didn=E2=80=99t miss beta3 - we had an issue with a configure script tha=
t caused beta2 to report as beta3 in some
instances, so we skipped to beta4 to avoid any further confusion!





We encourage you to try out this new beta release: there are instructions f=
or doing so in our
wiki. The instructions include taking a backup of
your ~/.opam root as part of the process, which can be restore=
d in order to wind back. Please note that local
switches which are written to by opam 2.1 are upgraded and will need to be =
rebuilt if you go back to opam 2.0. This
can either be done by removing _opam and repeating whatever yo=
u use in your build process to create the switch, or
you can use opam switch export switch.export to backup the swi=
tch to a file before installing new packages. Note
that opam 2.1 shouldn=E2=80=99t upgrade a =
local switch unless you upgrade the base packages (i.e. the compiler).








What=E2=80=99s new in opam 2.1?




    

  • Switch invariants
    • 

  • Improved options configuration (see the new option and exp=
anded var sub-commands)
    • 

  • Integration of system dependencies (formerly the opam-depext plugin), i=
ncreasing their reliability as it integrates the solving step
    • 

  • Creation of lock files for reproducible installations (formerly the opa=
m-lock plugin)
    • 

  • CLI versioning, allowing cleaner deprecations for opam now and also imp=
rovements to semantics in future without breaking backwards-compatibility

  • Performance improvements to opam-update, conflict messages, and many ot=
her areas
    • 

  • New plugins: opam-compiler and opam-monorepo
    • 








Switch invariants





In opam 2.0, when a switch is created the packages selected are put into th=
e =E2=80=9Cbase=E2=80=9D of the switch. These packages are
not normally considered for upgrade, in order to ease pressure on opam=E2=
=80=99s solver. This was a much bigger concern early
on in opam 2.0=E2=80=99s development, but is less of a problem with the def=
ault mccs solver.





However, it=E2=80=99s a problem for system compilers. opam would detect tha=
t your system compiler version had changed, but be
unable to upgrade the ocaml-system package unless you went through a slight=
ly convoluted process with
--unlock-base.





In opam 2.1, base packages have been replaced by switch invariants. The swi=
tch invariant is a package formula which
must be satisfied on every upgrade and install. All existing switches=E2=80=
=99 base packages could just be expressed as
package1 & package2 & package3 etc. but opam 2.1 recog=
nises many existing patterns and simplifies them, so in most
cases the invariant will be "ocaml-base-compiler" {=3D 4.11.1}=
, etc. This means that opam switch create my_switch
ocaml-system now creates a switch invarian=
t of "ocaml-system" rather than a specific version of t=
he
ocaml-system package. If your system OCaml package is updated,=
 opam upgrade will seamlessly switch to the new
package.





This also allows you to have switches which automatically install new point=
 releases of OCaml. For example:




opam switch create ocaml-4.11 --formula=3D'"ocaml-base-compiler" {>=3D "=
4.11.0" & < "4.12.0~"}'
--repos=3Dold=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository#a11299d81591
opam install utop





Creates a switch with OCaml 4.11.0 (the --repos=3D was just to=
 select a version of opam-repository from before 4.11.1
was released). Now issue:




opam repo set-url old git+https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository
opam upgrade





and opam 2.1 will automatically offer to upgrade OCaml 4.11.1 along with a =
rebuild of the switch. There=E2=80=99s not yet a
clean CLI for specifying the formula, but we intend to iterate further on t=
his with future opam releases so that
there is an easier way of saying =E2=80=9Cinstall OCaml 4.11.x=E2=80=9D.










opam depext integration





opam has long included the ability to install system dependencies automatic=
ally via the depext
plugin. This plugin has been promoted to a native feature of opam 2.1.0
onwards, giving the following benefits:




    

  • You no longer have to remember to run opam depext, opam al=
ways checks depexts (there are options to disable this or automate it for C=
I use). Installation of an opam package in a CI system is now as easy as opam install ., without having to do the dance of opam pin=
 add -n/depext/install. Just one command now for the common case!

  • The solver is only called once, which both saves time and also stabilis=
es the behaviour of opam in cases where the solver result is not stable. It=
 was possible to get one package solution for the opam depext =
stage and a different solution for the opam install stage, res=
ulting in some depexts missing.
    • 

  • opam now has full knowledge of depexts, which means that packages can b=
e automatically selected based on whether a system package is already insta=
lled. For example, if you have neither MariaDB nor MySQL dev librari=
es installed, opam install mysql will offer to install c=
onf-mysql and mysql, but if you have the MariaDB dev li=
braries installed, opam will offer to install conf-mariadb and=
 mysql.
    • 












CLI Versioning





A new --cli switch was added to the first beta release, but it=
=E2=80=99s only now that it=E2=80=99s being widely used. opam is a
complex enough system that sometimes bug fixes need to change the semantics=
 of some commands. For example:




    

  • opam show --file needed to change behaviour
    • 

  • The addition of new controls for setting global variables means that th=
e opam config was becoming cluttered and some things want to m=
ove to opam var
    • 

  • opam switch create 4.11.1 still works in opam 2.0, but it=
=E2=80=99s really an OPAM 1.2.2 syntax.
    • 





Changing the CLI is exceptionally painful since it can break scripts and to=
ols which themselves need to drive opam.
CLI versioning is our attempt to solve this. The feature is inspired by the=
 (lang dune ...) stanza in
dune-project files which has allowed the Dune project to renam=
e variables and alter semantics without requiring
every single package using Dune to upgrade their dune files on=
 each release.





Now you can specify which version of opam you expected the command to be ru=
n against. In day-to-day use of opam at
the terminal, you wouldn=E2=80=99t specify it, and you=E2=80=99ll get the l=
atest version of the CLI. For example: opam var --global
is the same as opam var --cli=3D2.1 --global. However, if you =
issue opam var --cli=3D2.0 --global, you will told that
--global was added in 2.1 and so is not available to you. You =
can see similar things with the renaming of opam
upgrade --unlock-base to opam upgrade --update-invariant.





The intention is that --cli should be used in scripts, user gu=
ides (e.g. blog posts), and in software which calls
opam. The only decision you have to take is the o=
ldest version of opam which you need to support. If your script is
using a new opam 2.1 feature (for example opam switch create --formul=
a=3D) then you simply don=E2=80=99t support opam 2.0. If
you need to support opam 2.0, then you can=E2=80=99t use --formula and should use --packages instead. opam 2.0 does not
have the --cli option, so for opam 2.0 instead of --cli=
=3D2.0 you should set the environment variable OPAMCLI =
to
2.0. As with all opam command=
 line switches, OPAMCLI is simply the equivalent of --cl=
i which opam 2.1 will
pick-up but opam 2.0 will quietly ignore (and, as with other options, the c=
ommand line takes precedence over the
environment).





Note that opam 2.1 sets OPAMCLI=3D2.0 when building packages, =
so on the rare instances where you need to use the
opam command in a package build: command (or in your build system), you must specify --cli=3D2.1 if you=E2=80=99re
using new features.





There=E2=80=99s even more detail on this feature in our
wiki. We=E2=80=99re still finalising some details on
exactly how opam behaves when --cli is not given,=
 but we=E2=80=99re hoping that this feature will make it much easier in
future releases for opam to make required changes and improvements to the C=
LI without breaking existing set-ups and
tools.












What=E2=80=99s new since the last beta?




    

  • opam now uses CLI versioning (#4385)
    • 

  • opam now exits with code 31 if all failures were during fetch operation=
s (#4214)
    • 

  • opam install now has a --download-only flag (=
#4036), allowing =
opam=E2=80=99s caches to be primed
    • 

  • opam init now advises the correct shell-specific command f=
or eval $(opam env) (#4427)
    • 

  • post-install hooks are now allowed to modify or remove ins=
talled files (#4388=
)
    • 

  • New package variable opamfile-loc with the location of the=
 installed package opam file (#4402)
    • 

  • opam update now has --depexts flag (#4355), allowing the sys=
tem package manager to update too
    • 

  • depext support NetBSD and DragonFlyBSD added (#4396)
    • 

  • The format-preserving opam file printer has been overhauled (#3993, #4298 and #4302)
    • 

  • pins are now fetched in parallel (#4315)
    • 

  • os-family=3Dubuntu is now treated as os-family=3Ddeb=
ian (#4441)<=
/li>

  • opam lint now checks that strings in filtered package form=
ulae are booleans or variables (#4439)
    • 





and many other bug fixes as listed on the release page.










New Plugins





Several features that were formerly plugins have been integrated into opam =
2.1.0. We have also developed some new
plugins that satisfy emerging workflows from the community and the core OCa=
ml team. They are available for use with
the opam 2.1 beta as well, and feedback on them should be directed to the r=
espective GitHub trackers for those
plugins.








opam compiler





The opam comp=
iler plugin can be used to create switches from various
sources such as the main opam repository, the ocaml-multicore fork, or a lo=
cal development directory. It can use Git
tag names, branch names, or PR numbers to specify what to install.





Once installed, these are normal opam switches, and one can install package=
s in them. To iterate on a compiler
feature and try opam packages at the same time, it supports two ways to rei=
nstall the compiler: either a safe and
slow technique that will reinstall all packages, or a quick way that will j=
ust overwrite the compiler in place.










opam monorepo





The opam monor=
epo plugin lets you assemble standalone dune workspaces
with your projects and all of their opam dependencies, letting you build it=
 all from scratch using only Dune and
OCaml. This satisfies the =E2=80=9Cmonorepo=E2=80=9D workflow which is comm=
only requested by large projects that need all of their
dependencies in one place. It is also being used by projects that need glob=
al cross-compilation for all aspects of a
codebase (including C stubs in packages), such as the MirageOS unikernel fr=
amework.












Next Steps





This is anticipated to be the final beta in the 2.1 series, and we will be =
moving to release candidate status after
this. We could really use your help with testing this release in your infra=
structure and projects and let us know if
you run into any blockers. If you have feature requests, please also report=
 them on our issue
tracker – we will be planning the next release cycle once we shi=
p opam 2.1.0
shortly.

















Set up OCaml 1.1.6





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-6/7276/1








Sora Morimoto announced





This release includes a change to make the OCaml CI workflow on Windows fas=
ter!







I tested this on one of my repos where the build itself is mere seconds. Be=
fore this change, setup-ocaml needed an
average of 5:39 to install OCaml+opam and 1:53 to build the dependencies of=
 the library. After this change, it
needs an average of 3:15 for the installation and 1:27 for the deps.










Changed




    

  • Windows installs Cygwin to D:\cygwin, using faster Azure t=
emporary storage.
    • 





https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.6

















Set up OCaml 1.1.7





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-7/7279/1








Sora Morimoto announced








Changed




    

  • Ubuntu and macOS runners no longer display "No switch is currently inst=
alled." before building the compiler.
    • 

  • Ubuntu no longer installs the system ocaml packages.
    • 

  • macOS no longer builds two compilers on every run.
    • 

  • Upgrade opam to 2.0.8 for Linux VMs.
    • 





https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.7

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 16 to 23,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCamlFormat 0.17.0
Set up OCaml 1.1.8
Set up OCaml 1.1.9
OCaml 4.12.0, first release candidate
Ppxlib.0.22: an update on the state of ppx
OCaml-based trading firm is hiring remote devs
ocamlearlybird 1.0.0 beta1
OCaml for ARM MacOS
Old CWN


OCamlFormat 0.17.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Guillaume Petiot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the OCamlFormat development team I am pleased to announce
  the release of [ocamlformat.0.17.0] :tada:.

  OCamlformat is an auto-formatter for OCaml code, writing the parse
  tree and comments in a consistent style, so that you do not have to
  worry about formatting it by hand, and to speed up code review by
  focusing on the important parts.

  OCamlFormat is beta software. We expect the program to change
  considerably before we reach version 1.0.0. In particular, upgrading
  the `ocamlformat' package will cause your program to get
  reformatted. Sometimes it is relatively pain-free, but sometimes it
  will make a diff in almost every file. We are working towards having a
  tool that pleases most usecases in the OCaml community, please bear
  with us!

  To make sure your project uses the last version of ocamlformat, please
  set
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 version=3D0.17.0
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  in your `.ocamlformat' file.

  Main changes in `ocamlformat.0.17.0' are:

  =E2=80=A2 the `let-open' option, deprecated since 0.16.0, has been removed
  =E2=80=A2 support for OCaml 4.06 and 4.07 has been removed, minimal versi=
on
    requirement bumped to OCaml 4.08
  =E2=80=A2 the `extension-sugar' option, deprecated since 0.14.0, has been
    removed
  =E2=80=A2 the syntax of infix set/get operators is now preserved (`String=
.get'
    and similar calls used to be automatically rewritten to their
    corresponding infix form `.()', that was incorrect when using the
    `-unsafe' compilation flag. Now the concrete syntax of these calls
    is preserved)
  =E2=80=A2 all sugared extension points are now preserved
  =E2=80=A2 injectivity type annotations (OCaml 4.12 feature) are now suppo=
rted
  =E2=80=A2 various fixes about comments positions

  We encourage you to try ocamlformat, that can be installed from opam
  directly ( `opam install ocamlformat' ), but please remember that it
  is still beta software. We have a [FAQ for new users ] that should
  help you decide if ocamlformat is the right choice for you.


[ocamlformat.0.17.0] 

[FAQ for new users ]



Set up OCaml 1.1.8
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Changed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 The Windows opam wrapper is fractionally less-archaically named
    opam.cmd, with no loss in arcaneness.
  =E2=80=A2 Export `CYGWIN_ROOT' on the Windows runners, allowing bash to be
    invoked as `%CYGWIN_ROOT%\bin\bash~/~$env:CYGWIN_ROOT\bin\bash' (and
    similarly for Cygwin `setup-x86_64.exe').
  =E2=80=A2 The Windows runner no longer prepends `%CYGWIN_ROOT%\bin' to `P=
ATH'.


Fixed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Switches in Unix are now properly initialized before running de=
pext.

  


Set up OCaml 1.1.9
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Fixed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Further fix to switch initialisation.

  


OCaml 4.12.0, first release candidate
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release of OCaml 4.12.0 is expected next week. We have created a
  release candidate that you can test. Most opam packages should work
  with this release candidate (without the need for an alpha
  repository).

  Compared to the last beta, this new release only contains one fix for
  Solaris and illumos.

  If you find any bugs, please report them here:
   

  Happy hacking,

  =E2=80=93 Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.


Installation instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.12.0~rc1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dg=
it+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can pick
  configuration options with
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.=
12.0~rc1+options,
  =E2=94=82 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/oc=
aml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where `' is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-*
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and afl enabled switch:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.12.0~rc1+flambda+afl --packages=3Docaml-va=
riants.4.12.0~rc1+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocaml-option-afl
  =E2=94=82 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/oc=
aml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.

  The source code is available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


Ppxlib.0.22: an update on the state of ppx
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're happy to announce the release of ppxlib.0.22.0, the fist release
  of ppxlib fully compatible with OCaml 4.12.  The main and only feature
  of this release is the bump of the internal OCaml AST used by ppxlib
  from 4.11 to 4.12, allowing you to use 4.12 language features with
  ppxlib and any ppxlib-based ppx.  Note that ppxlib was compatible with
  the 4.12 compiler since 0.19.0 but that you couldn't use 4.12 language
  features until now.

  This is the third such AST bump release since we announced our plan to
  improve the state of the PPX ecosystem [here] and we though it'd be a
  good time to report back to you and tell you how things are going on
  this front.

  For those of you who aren't familiar with this plan, the goal is to
  upstream a minimal, stable, ocaml-migrate-parsetree-like API on top of
  the compiler-libs called `Astlib'. It will allow us to keep ppxlib and
  any ppx based on ppxlib compatible with OCaml trunk at all time.  To
  allow better performances and a clear compisition semantic, all the
  ppxlib-based ppx-es need to use the same AST (as opposed to
  ocaml-migrate-parsetree based ppx-es) so from a certain perspective,
  this plan simply moves the breaking API up one step, from
  compiler-libs to ppxlib.  In order to greatly ease the maintainenance
  of ppx-es and to prevent opam-universe splits we decided that
  everytime we cut a breaking ppxlib release, we will send patches to
  keep the existing ppx-es compatible with the latest version and
  therefore with the latest OCaml compilers and language features.

  While this seems like a tremendous task and a huge amount of work,
  dune and other tools that raised in its wake such as [opam-monorepo]
  incredibly simplified this kind of work.

  Ahead of OCaml releases, we prepare a branch of ppxlib with the
  upgraded AST. We then fetch opam-repository to gather a list of
  sensible reverse dependencies (i.e. packages whose latest version
  depends on ppxlib and is compatible with ppxlib's latest version) and
  assemble a dune workspace with a clone of each of those reverse
  dependencies, our ppxlib branch and all of their dependencies thanks
  to opam-monorepo.  We then use dune to build all the packages we're
  interested in and simply follow the compilation errors until
  everything builds successfully with the new ppxlib.  What remains is
  to create PRs on the relevant repositories to upstream those changes,
  after which maintainers have everything they need to cut a new
  compatible release.

  Most of this process is automated using scripts but it still requires
  a bit of handiwork. We aim at extracting tools to further improve this
  workflow and reduce the time and effort required but it has been
  surprisingly smooth. Our experience with the 4.10, 4.11 and 4.12
  upgrades so far is that most reverse dependencies don't need an
  upgrade and that it's far less demanding for one person to upgrade all
  the packages that need it than it would be for each individual
  maintainers to understand the changes in the AST and do the upgrade
  themselves.

  It's worth noting that for this to work well, the ppx-es and all their
  dependencies have to build with dune. We do maitain a separate
  opam-repository with dune ports of commonly used packages so in
  practice most projects fall into this category but a few exceptions
  remain and they are therefore not taken into account for this upgrade
  process.

  We're also trying to improve the tracking of the upgrade's progress
  and for the 4.12 compatible release we created a [github project] to
  have a list of all the packages we considered and see where they
  are. We also keep track of the packages we had to exclude and why.
  During this upgrade, we considered 80 opam packages, out of which only
  4 needed to be patched and 6 had to be excluded from the process as we
  couldn't reasonably get them to build in our workspace.

  Once we have a better idea of what makes a package easy to upgrade we
  plan on releasing a set of reasonable rules to follow to benefit from
  those upgrades, we'll keep you updated on this!

  All in all we're pretty happy with this new process and although it
  needs to be refined, we're confident it can grow into something
  sustainable by creating tools and CI to support it. Hopefully these
  will also benefit the wider community and help grow a healthier Opam
  universe.


[here] 

[opam-monorepo] 

[github project] 


Jason Nielsen asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Curious about the current status of `Astlib'.  I was closely following
  [ppx] at one point but it hasn't seen much activity recently.  Thanks
  for all your hard work.


[ppx] 


J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's in progress. Not much happened in the past couple of months while
  we were finishing the port of a few projects to ppxlib and doing the
  4.12 upgrade. But @pitag re-started working `Astlib' as of a week
  ago. You can follow our progression via [the public meeting notes].

  Note however that the [ppx] project was for our original goal or
  providing a "forever stable" API for ppx rewriters. It has been in
  pause since August 2020 while were trying the "upgrade the world"
  method, which as @NathanReb pointed out is working pretty well
  practice. At this point, it's looking more and more likely that we
  won't resurect the ppx project.


[the public meeting notes] 

[ppx] 


OCaml-based trading firm is hiring remote devs
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Michael Bacarella announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  BTG is a trading firm founded by ex-Jane Street devs looking to hire
  some more devs.

  The role is primarily remote, working with the rest of our mostly
  remote team, though we hope to resume regular on-sites in Puerto Rico.

  We operate 24/7 and will consider employees anywhere in the world.

  Prior experience with OCaml is a plus, though any solid programming
  experience with an interest in functional programming and strong
  static types is also fine.

  Comfort navigating Linux is essential.

  Shoot me a message with a copy of your r=C3=A9sum=C3=A9 or C.V. to discus=
s the
  opportunity further: [michael.bacarella@gmail.com]

  Feel free to re-post this elsewhere.


[michael.bacarella@gmail.com] 


ocamlearlybird 1.0.0 beta1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


=E6=96=87=E5=AE=87=E7=A5=A5 announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi, all. All the issues of beta1 have been fixed. Beta2 will be
  released soon.

  


OCaml for ARM MacOS
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Aaron L. Zeng announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I noticed that opam 2.08 is now available for ARM Macs using
  [Homebrew], and I was able to confirm on my machine.

  `brew install opam' away :)


[Homebrew] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 16 to 23, 20=
21.









OCamlFormat 0.17.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-0-17-0/7287/1








Guillaume Petiot announced





On behalf of the OCamlFormat development team I am pleased to announce the =
release of
ocamlformat.0.17.0=
 :tada:.





OCamlformat is an auto-formatter for OCaml code, writing the parse tree and=
 comments in a consistent style, so that
you do not have to worry about formatting it by hand, and to speed up code =
review by focusing on the important parts.





OCamlFormat is beta software. We expect the program to change considerably =
before we reach version 1.0.0. In
particular, upgrading the ocamlformat package will cause your =
program to get reformatted. Sometimes it is
relatively pain-free, but sometimes it will make a diff in almost every fil=
e. We are working towards having a tool
that pleases most usecases in the OCaml community, please bear with us!





To make sure your project uses the last version of ocamlformat, please set



version=3D0.17.0




in your .ocamlformat file.





Main changes in ocamlformat.0.17.0 are:




    

  • the let-open option, deprecated since 0.16.0, has been rem=
oved
    • 

  • support for OCaml 4.06 and 4.07 has been removed, minimal version requi=
rement bumped to OCaml 4.08
    • 

  • the extension-sugar option, deprecated since 0.14.0, has b=
een removed
    • 

  • the syntax of infix set/get operators is now preserved (String.ge=
t and similar calls used to be automatically rewritten to their corr=
esponding infix form .(), that was incorrect when using the -unsafe compilation flag. Now the concrete syntax of these calls=
 is preserved)
    • 

  • all sugared extension points are now preserved
    • 

  • injectivity type annotations (OCaml 4.12 feature) are now supported
    • 

  • various fixes about comments positions
    • 





We encourage you to try ocamlformat, that can be installed from opam direct=
ly ( opam install ocamlformat ), but
please remember that it is still beta software. We have a FAQ for new users
 that should help you decide if ocamlformat is the right
choice for you.















Set up OCaml 1.1.8





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-8/7288/1








Sora Morimoto announced








Changed




    

  • The Windows opam wrapper is fractionally less-archaically named opam.cm=
d, with no loss in arcaneness.
    • 

  • Export CYGWIN_ROOT on the Windows runners, allowing bash t=
o be invoked as %CYGWIN_ROOT%\bin\bash~/~$env:CYGWIN_ROOT\bin\bash (and similarly for Cygwin setup-x86_64.exe).
    • 

  • The Windows runner no longer prepends %CYGWIN_ROOT%\bin to=
 PATH.
    • 










Fixed




    

  • Switches in Unix are now properly initialized before running depext.





https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.8

















Set up OCaml 1.1.9





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-1-1-9/7293/1








Sora Morimoto announced








Fixed




    

  • Further fix to switch initialisation.
    • 





https:/=
/github.com/avsm/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.1.9

















OCaml 4.12.0, first release candidate





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-12-0-first-release-ca=
ndidate/7294/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.12.0 is expected next week. We have created a release
candidate that you can test. Most opam packages should work with this relea=
se
candidate (without the need for an alpha repository).





Compared to the last beta, this new release only contains one fix for Solar=
is
and illumos.





If you find any bugs, please report them here:
 https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/issues





Happy hacking,





– Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.








Installation instructions





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands





opam update
opam switch create 4.12.0~rc1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repositor=
y.git






If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can pick config=
uration options with





opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~r=
c1+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where <option_list> is a comma separated list of ocaml-o=
ption-* packages. For
instance, for a flambda and afl enabled switch:





opam switch create 4.12.0~rc1+flambda+afl --pa=
ckages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0~rc1+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocaml-optio=
n-afl
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.





The source code is available at these addresses:



















Ppxlib.0.22: an update on the state of ppx





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-0-22-an-update-on=
-the-state-of-ppx/7296/1








Nathan Rebours announced





We're happy to announce the release of ppxlib.0.22.0, the fist release of p=
pxlib fully compatible
with OCaml 4.12.
The main and only feature of this release is the bump of the internal OCaml=
 AST used by ppxlib from
4.11 to 4.12, allowing you to use 4.12 language features with ppxlib and an=
y ppxlib-based ppx.
Note that ppxlib was compatible with the 4.12 compiler since 0.19.0 but tha=
t you couldn't use 4.12
language features until now.





This is the third such AST bump release since we announced our plan to impr=
ove the state of the PPX
ecosystem here and we though it'd be a good time to report back to you a=
nd tell you
how things are going on this front.





For those of you who aren't familiar with this plan, the goal is to upstrea=
m a minimal, stable,
ocaml-migrate-parsetree-like API on top of the compiler-libs called A=
stlib. It will allow us
to keep ppxlib and any ppx based on ppxlib compatible with OCaml trunk at a=
ll time.
To allow better performances and a clear compisition semantic, all the ppxl=
ib-based ppx-es need to use
the same AST (as opposed to ocaml-migrate-parsetree based ppx-es) so from a=
 certain perspective, this
plan simply moves the breaking API up one step, from compiler-libs to ppxli=
b.
In order to greatly ease the maintainenance of ppx-es and to prevent opam-u=
niverse splits we decided
that everytime we cut a breaking ppxlib release, we will send patches to ke=
ep the existing ppx-es compatible with the
latest version and therefore with the latest OCaml compilers and language f=
eatures.





While this seems like a tremendous task and a huge amount of work, dune and=
 other tools that raised
in its wake such as =
opam-monorepo incredibly simplified this kind of work.





Ahead of OCaml releases, we prepare a branch of ppxlib with the upgraded AS=
T. We then fetch
opam-repository to gather a list of sensible reverse dependencies (i.e. pac=
kages whose latest version
depends on ppxlib and is compatible with ppxlib's latest version) and assem=
ble a dune workspace with
a clone of each of those reverse dependencies, our ppxlib branch and all of=
 their dependencies thanks to
opam-monorepo.
We then use dune to build all the packages we're interested in and simply f=
ollow the compilation errors
until everything builds successfully with the new ppxlib.
What remains is to create PRs on the relevant repositories to upstream thos=
e changes, after which
maintainers have everything they need to cut a new compatible release.





Most of this process is automated using scripts but it still requires a bit=
 of handiwork. We aim at
extracting tools to further improve this workflow and reduce the time and e=
ffort required but it has
been surprisingly smooth. Our experience with the 4.10, 4.11 and 4.12 upgra=
des so far is that
most reverse dependencies don't need an upgrade and that it's far less dema=
nding for one person
to upgrade all the packages that need it than it would be for each individu=
al maintainers to
understand the changes in the AST and do the upgrade themselves.





It's worth noting that for this to work well, the ppx-es and all their depe=
ndencies have to build
with dune. We do maitain a separate opam-repository with dune ports of comm=
only used packages so in
practice most projects fall into this category but a few exceptions remain =
and they are therefore
not taken into account for this upgrade process.





We're also trying to improve the tracking of the upgrade's progress and for=
 the 4.12 compatible
release we created a github project to have a list of all the packages we
considered and see where they are. We also keep track of the packages we ha=
d to exclude and why.
During this upgrade, we considered 80 opam packages, out of which only 4 ne=
eded to be patched and 6
had to be excluded from the process as we couldn't reasonably get them to b=
uild in our workspace.





Once we have a better idea of what makes a package easy to upgrade we plan =
on releasing a set of
reasonable rules to follow to benefit from those upgrades, we'll keep you u=
pdated on this!





All in all we're pretty happy with this new process and although it needs t=
o be refined, we're
confident it can grow into something sustainable by creating tools and CI t=
o support it. Hopefully
these will also benefit the wider community and help grow a healthier Opam =
universe.











Jason Nielsen asked





Curious about the current status of Astlib.  I was closely fol=
lowing ppx at one
point but it hasn't seen much activity recently.  Thanks for all your hard =
work.











J=C3=A9r=C3=A9mie Dimino





It's in progress. Not much happened in the past couple of months while we w=
ere finishing the port of a few projects
to ppxlib and doing the 4.12 upgrade. But @pitag re-started working A=
stlib as of a week ago. You can follow our
progression via the pu=
blic meeting notes.





Note however that the ppx =
project was for our original goal or providing a
"forever stable" API for ppx rewriters. It has been in pause since August 2=
020 while were trying the "upgrade the
world" method, which as @NathanReb pointed out is working pretty well pract=
ice. At this point, it's looking more and
more likely that we won't resurect the ppx project.















OCaml-based trading firm is hiring remote devs





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-based-trading=
-firm-is-hiring-remote-devs/7298/1








Michael Bacarella announced





BTG is a trading firm founded by ex-Jane Street devs looking to hire some m=
ore devs.





The role is primarily remote, working with the rest of our mostly remote te=
am, though we hope to resume regular
on-sites in Puerto Rico.





We operate 24/7 and will consider employees anywhere in the world.





Prior experience with OCaml is a plus, though any solid programming experie=
nce with an interest in functional
programming and strong static types is also fine.





Comfort navigating Linux is essential.





Shoot me a message with a copy of your r=C3=A9sum=C3=A9 or C.V. to discuss =
the opportunity further:
michael.bacarella@gmail.com<=
/a>





Feel free to re-post this elsewhere.















ocamlearlybird 1.0.0 beta1





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlearlybird-1-0-0-beta1/718=
0/21








=E6=96=87=E5=AE=87=E7=A5=A5 announced





Hi, all. All the issues of beta1 have been fixed. Beta2 will be released so=
on.





https://git=
hub.com/ocaml/opam-repository/pull/18191















OCaml for ARM MacOS





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-for-arm-macos/6019/24








Aaron L. Zeng announced





I noticed that opam 2.08 is now available for ARM Macs using
Homebrew, and I was able to confirm on my machine.





brew install opam away :)















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 02 to 09, 2021.









Working on an app to learn and execute OCaml on iPhone/iPad/Ma=
c for beginners





Archive: https://discuss.=
ocaml.org/t/working-on-an-app-to-learn-and-execute-ocaml-on-iphone-ipad-mac=
-for-beginners/7392/1








Nathan Fallet announced





I started to work on a new project recently:
My goal is to provide an iOS app for beginners to learn OCaml and practice =
on their device.
I think it is a good idea to get started easily.





Here are some screenshots of what I=E2=80=99ve done so far:







3D=







I=E2=80=99m open to feedback and opinion about this project idea











Nathan Fallet then added





I made it available for pre order on the App Store - I will keep improving =
it with time, and I think it can be a
great tool for beginners





https:=
//apps.apple.com/app/ocaml-learn-code/id1547506826











Yawar Amin replied





This is really cool. I just want to point out that your app is the sole sea=
rch result for 'OCaml' in the App Store.
So that's a first :-)





Incidentally, there is an 'OCaml Toplevel' app on the Android Play Store:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=3Dfr.vernoux.ocaml





Your app looks more sophisticated though. Hopefully one day we have somethi=
ng like Swift
Playgrounds and people can start learning OCaml interactively on their
devices directly.















ERic (Entity-Relation interactive calculator) version 0.3





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-er=
ic-entity-relation-interactive-calculator-version-0-3/7408/1








Damien Guichard announced





The programming languages zoo is a=
 great resource for wanna-be interpreter/compiler
writers. The ICFP 2000 programming contest is another great
resource for wanna-be ray tracers. However until now there has been no OCam=
l resource for wanna-be Knowledge
Representation tool-ers. This makes sound like KR tool is a more difficult =
area than other projects. ERic v0.3
demonstrates the opposite as it's about 1200 lines size (lexer & hand-w=
ritten parser included) and reads/writes a
Conceptual Graph=
 Interchange Format (CGIF) notation.






















Functional Programming User Study (Specifically in OCaml)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/functional=
-programming-user-study-specifically-in-ocaml/7410/1








Ahan Malhotra announced





We are doing user studies to help us understand how to help people understa=
nd and navigate complex information about
programming documentation, specifically in OCaml. You will complete =
a series tasks that help us understand
working memory and how you navigate a new interface. After examining a layo=
ut of the data (interface) for a short,
predetermined amount of time, you will be asked a set of comprehension and/=
or qualitative questions to measure
whether the methods of presenting this information has any impact on your p=
erformance.





The study will take around 55 minutes, and you will be entered into a lo=
ttery for a $150 Amazon gift card as
compensation for your time.





A bit more about this study





The user study will be done virtually on Zoom. You will be asked to various=
 tasks with the interface. The interface
is deployed as a public web application so you don=E2=80=99t have to instal=
l anything. This research is governed by Harvard
University's Committee on the Use of Human Subjects.





Eligibility





You also don=E2=80=99t have to be an expert in anything to participate. You=
 just need to be fluent in English and over 18
years of age.





If you are interested, please fill out this survey to confirm your eligibil=
ity, and we will follow up to schedule the
study session: https://form=
s.gle/q6vkyEE2tSjjZoiSA





If you have any questions, please email ahanmalhotra@college.harvard.edu.















OCaml 4.12.0 released (with 4.11.2 too)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-12-0-released-with-=
4-11-2-too/7358/13








Continuing this thread from last week, Hannes Mehnert=
 said





Congratulations to the new release. For the curious who intend to install a=
 flambda version of 4.12 and are surprised
that ocaml-variants.4.12.0+flambda does not exist, from this
thread the opam layout has changed, and now
the following works:






$ opam sw create <my-switch-name> --pack=
ages=3Docaml-variants.4.12.0+options,ocaml-options-only-flambda







There are more configuration options available, take a look at the output o=
f opam search ocaml-option for all
options. (I've not been involved with this development. I don't quite under=
stand why there is for each Y a
ocaml-option-Y and a ocaml-options-only-Y.) I als=
o have not figured out whether there's a way to pass -O3 in
the just created switch.





Maybe it is worth to embed such information in the very nicely styled OCaml=
 manual (considering that opam got quite
some traction over the years and is recommended for OCaml developers)?















Other OCaml News















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--

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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
 comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 16 Mar 2021 11:31:11 +0100
Message-ID: <87zgz3pez4.fsf@m4x.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="=-=-="
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 09 to 16,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Links from the OCaml Discourse
findlib-1.9
Compiler Explorer now supports OCaml 4.12.0
Old CWN


Links from the OCaml Discourse
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

The editor says
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Due to a [global Discourse change] that disabled the mailing list
  mode, I was no able to collect the bodies of the news from the OCaml
  Discourse for several days. This has now been fixed and next week=E2=80=
=99s
  OCaml Weekly News should be as usual. In the meantime, here are links
  to the main announcements. Do not hesitate to [contact me] if you want
  to give feedback about this newsletter.

  =E2=80=A2 [Release 1.0.0 of bag]
  =E2=80=A2 [Plan for Dune 3.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [lascar 0.7.0 - a library for manipulating Labeled Transition
    Systems in OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [dirsift 0.0.3 - Search for directories by type]
  =E2=80=A2 [FSML 0.3.0 - an OCaml library for describing and describing
    synchronous finite state machines]
  =E2=80=A2 [Multicore OCaml: February 2021]
  =E2=80=A2 [VSCode OCaml Platform v1.7.0 - v1.8.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [ca-certs and ca-certs-nss]
  =E2=80=A2 [Js_of_Ocaml position at TrustInSoft]
  =E2=80=A2 [Senior Developer vacancy at Cryptosense, France (or remote)]
  =E2=80=A2 [hxd.0.3.1 - A simple hexdump tool in OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Gopcaml-mode (0.0.2) - Unicode & Compatibility Upda=
te]


[global Discourse change]


[contact me] 

[Release 1.0.0 of bag]


[Plan for Dune 3.0] 

[lascar 0.7.0 - a library for manipulating Labeled Transition Systems in
OCaml]


[dirsift 0.0.3 - Search for directories by type]


[FSML 0.3.0 - an OCaml library for describing and describing synchronous
finite state machines]


[Multicore OCaml: February 2021]


[VSCode OCaml Platform v1.7.0 - v1.8.0]


[ca-certs and ca-certs-nss]


[Js_of_Ocaml position at TrustInSoft]


[Senior Developer vacancy at Cryptosense, France (or remote)]


[hxd.0.3.1 - A simple hexdump tool in OCaml]


[Release of Gopcaml-mode (0.0.2) - Unicode & Compatibility Update]



findlib-1.9
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  findlib-1.9 is out. Changes:

  =E2=80=A2 Overhaul how separately installed packages (e.g. num) are handl=
ed
    (by David Allsopp).
  =E2=80=A2 Switch to opam-2.0 file format (by David Allsopp).
  =E2=80=A2 Fix an incomaptibility with ocaml-4.13 (by David Allsopp).
  =E2=80=A2 Expose the native toplevel (by Louis Gesbert).
  =E2=80=A2 Fix an incompatibility with "Jane Street Style" (by Mark Laws).
  =E2=80=A2 Switch from m4 to sed (by kit-ty-kate).

  For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

  

  An updated OPAM package will follow soon.


Compiler Explorer now supports OCaml 4.12.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Sorry to the OCaml hacker using Compiler Explorer for the late update
  (it took some time to deploy the infrastructure, etc.), but it now
  supports OCaml 4.12.0, but also 4.10.2 and 4.11.2!

  


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 09 to 16, 2021.









Links from the OCaml Discourse















findlib-1.9





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-03/msg00012.html=









Gerd Stolpmann announced





findlib-1.9 is out. Changes:




    

  • Overhaul how separately installed packages (e.g. num)  are handled (by =
David Allsopp).
    • 

  • Switch to opam-2.0 file format (by David Allsopp).
    • 

  • Fix an incomaptibility with ocaml-4.13 (by David Allsopp).
    • 

  • Expose the native toplevel (by Louis Gesbert).
    • 

  • Fix an incompatibility with "Jane Street Style" (by Mark Laws).
    • 

  • Switch from m4 to sed (by kit-ty-kate).
    • 





For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:





http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html





An updated OPAM package will follow soon.















Compiler Explorer now supports OCaml 4.12.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-compiler-explo=
rer-now-supports-ocaml-4-12-0/7479/1








Sora Morimoto announced





Sorry to the OCaml hacker using Compiler Explorer for the late update (it t=
ook some time to deploy the
infrastructure, etc.), but it now supports OCaml 4.12.0, but also 4.10.2 an=
d 4.11.2!





https://godbolt.org















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















--=-=-=--

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To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
 comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 23 Mar 2021 10:05:35 +0100
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--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 16 to 23, 2021.









findlib-1.9.1





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-03/msg00014.html=









Gerd Stolpmann announced





a couple of installation problems slipped into findlib-1.9, mostly
missing files in the release tarball, but also a FreeBSD
incompatibility. For that reason, there is now findlib-1.9.1 fixing the
problems (so far known, and I hope we caught them all).





Same link as before:





http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html















Conformist 0.2.1





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-conformist-0-2-1/7482/1








jerben announced





I am happy to announce the release of conformist 0.2.1.





Conformist deals wi=
th schema definition and validation. It supports
decoding to bridge the gap between runtime types and static types without p=
px.






type occupation =3D
  | Mathematicia=
n
  | Engineer

type user =3D
  { occupation : occupation
  ; email : string
  ; birthday : int * int * int
  ; nr_of_siblings : int
  ; comment : string option
  ; wants_premium : bool
  }

let user occupation=
 email birthday nr_of_siblings comment wants_premium =3D
  { occupation; email; birthday; nr_of_siblings; comment; wants_premium }
;;

let occupation_decoder =3D function
  | "mathematician" -> Ok Mathematician
  | "engineer" -> Ok Engineer
  | _ -> Erro=
r "Unknown occupation provided"
;;

let occupation_encoder =3D function
  | Mathematicia=
n -> "mathematician"
  | Engineer -> "engineer"
;;

let user_schema =3D
  Conformist.(
    make
      Field.
        [ custom
            occupation_decoder
            occupation_encoder
            "occupation"
            ~meta:()
        ; string "email"
        ; date "birthday"
        ; int ~default:0 "nr_of_siblings"
        ; optional (string "comment")
        ; bool "wants_premium"
        ]
      user)
;;

  let input =3D
    [ "occupation", [ "engineer" ]
    ; "email", [ "test@example.com" ]
    ; "birthday", [ "2020-12-01" ]
    ; "nr_of_siblings", [ "3" ]
    ; "comment", [ "hello" ]
    ; "wants_premium", [ "true" ]
    ]

let user =3D
  Conformist.decode Schema.user_schema input

let validation_errors =3D
  Conformist.validate Schema.user_schema input







The user_schema and the user create function are =
guaranteed to be in sync at compile time.















Compiler Explorer now supports OCaml 4.12.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-compiler-explo=
rer-now-supports-ocaml-4-12-0/7479/3








Continuing this thread, Sora Morimoto announced





Today we deployed 4.12.0 flambda. It must already be available!















Annoucement of OFLAT, a web-based platform to support courses =
on Formal Languages and Automata Theory





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-03/msg00026.html=









Antonio Ravara announced





http://ctp.di.fct.unl.pt=
/FACTOR/OFLAT/





To support students=E2=80=99 autonomous work on topics related with Formal
Languages and Automata Theory (FLAT), interactive tools that allow them
to experiment with examples and solve exercises are very important -
several studies demonstrate this.





There are applications with this aim. While some are impressively
complete, but are mainly Desktop applications (like JFLAP), others that
can be used via a web browser are under-developed. Moreover, these
applications are often not fully interactive - illustrations or even
step-by-step execution is key to understand the algorithms - and, due to
the programming languages used, implement the concepts in a way quite
distant from the textbook Mathematical definitions. Code that implements
closely the definitions is also a relevant pedagogical tool.





With three concerns in mind - availability in mobile devices,
interactive run of the algorithms (or at least presenting clear
explanations), and code following closely the definitions - we developed
OFLAT, a web-based tool to represent and illustrate graphically
classical mechanisms and algorithms of Formal Languages and Automata
Theory. It includes not only exercises evaluated automatically and
providing feedback, but also allows students to create their own
exercises. An integration with a grading platform like Learn-OCaml is
underway.





The tool is implemented in OCaml and is organised in two parts: a
library - OCamlFLAT - which concentrates the logic of FLAT concepts, and
the interactive applicational part - OFLAT. To run on browsers, the
application uses the OCaml to Javascript translator Js_of_OCaml. To
implement the interactive graphics, it uses Cytoscape, a Javascript
library for graphs. All code is available in the Git of the project:
https://gitlab.com=
/releaselab/leaf/OCamlFlat, https://gitlab.com/releaselab/leaf/OFLAT.





The development of new functionalities is ongoing (we're now working
more animations and on Context-Free Grammar and Pushdown Automata).
Comments most welcome.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr,
 comp@lists.orbitalfox.eu
Date: Tue, 30 Mar 2021 16:55:55 +0200
Message-ID: <87v998wv0k.fsf@m4x.org>
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 23 to 30,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Theorem Proving with Coq and Ocaml
ocaml-aws 1.2
Release of `fmlib.0.2.0'
soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting
Timere-parse 0.0.2, natural language parsing of date, time and duration
ocamlnet-4.1.9
Release of cohttp 4.0.0
New Try-Alt-Ergo website
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Theorem Proving with Coq and Ocaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gregory Malecha announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I lead the formal methods team at Bedrock Systems
  () and we are looking to hire a full-time
  engineer working on automation in the Coq proof assistant (which is
  written in Ocaml). We're very interested in candidates with strong
  Ocaml background especially in topics related to automated theorem
  proving, e.g. SAT/SMT solvers, datalog, superposition, resolution,
  etc. While Coq experience is great, you do not need to be a Coq expert
  to apply to this position, we're happy to marry your Ocaml expertise
  with our Coq expertise.

  Formal methods are at the core of BedRock's business and we are deeply
  committed to solving problems of system verification at industrial
  scale. We get FM techniques and insights into the code early on and
  use them to build, maintain, and evolve code. This includes developing
  more agile techniques to keep evolving verified systems once they're
  built.

  We have eight folks on the formal methods team today, hailing from
  MPI-SWS, MIT CSAIL, Princeton, and other leading research groups. If
  you're interested, send me an email or you can inquire more broadly at
  jobs@bedrocksystems.com.

  *Company overview:*

  BedRock is building a *trustworthy compute base for mission-critical
  applications* . The foundation of the platform is an open source,
  multi-core, capability-based micro-hypervisor that we are developing
  and verifying. On top of these deep specifications we are writing and
  verifying applications to provide an extensible and configurable core.

  Our contention is that the *time is ripe for verifiably trustworthy
  systems*, for everything from secure phones and industrial IoT to
  autonomous systems and financial infrastructure. With significant seed
  funding, great investors, and commercial projects underway, we are
  growing our team in Boston, the Bay Area, DC, and Germany.


ocaml-aws 1.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Tim Mc Gilchrist announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the release of [ocaml-aws] 1.2.

  ocaml-aws aims to provide generated bindings to many AWS services
  using the botocore specifications. In this version we've bumped
  version bounds on a bunch of depedencies and also added new bindings
  for:
  =E2=80=A2 RDS
  =E2=80=A2 Route53
  =E2=80=A2 SDB
  =E2=80=A2 SQS

  Please check it out and report any issues.


[ocaml-aws] 


Release of `fmlib.0.2.0'
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hbr announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the second release (0.2.0) of fmlib, a
  functional library with managed effects.

  The library has up to now 4 components:

  =E2=80=A2 [Some standard datatypes]
  =E2=80=A2 [Pretty printing functions]
  =E2=80=A2 [Parsing combinator library]
  =E2=80=A2 [Primitives to compile to javascript]

  The last component is the new one in version 0.2.0. Internally it uses
  `js_of_ocaml' to compile to javascript. It is an easy to use library
  of primitive functions to access mainly browser functionality from
  ocaml and some rudimentary functions to access nodejs functionality.

  It can be installed via opam by

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam install fmlib
  =E2=94=82 opam install fmlib_js
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is located at [github]


[Some standard datatypes]


[Pretty printing functions]


[Parsing combinator library]


[Primitives to compile to javascript]


[github] 


Hbr added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80

  Hint: `fmlib' is still a bundle of three libraries i.e. three toplevel
  modules `Fmlib_std', `Fmlib_pretty' and `Fmlib_parse'. Therefore they
  have to be used in a `dune' file with

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (libraries fmlib.fmlib_std fmlib.fmlib_pretty fmlib.fmlib_parse=
 ...)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  while the new library can be used with

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (libraries fmlib_js ...)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This inconvenience will be corrected in the next release.


soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniil Baturin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [soupault 2.5.0] offers some features that are unique among SSGs.

  There are two new built-in widgets for rewriting internal links, which
  is useful if you don't host your website at the server root. For
  example, if you host it at `example.com/~user', you cannot just write
  `': it will point to `example.com/header.png'
  while you want `example.com/~user/header.png' instead.

  The `relative_links' widget will convert all internal links to
  relative links according to their depth in the directory tree. For
  example, suppose you have `' in your page
  template. Then in `about/index.html' that link will become `'; in `books/magnetic-fields/index.html' it will
  be `' and so on. This way you can move the
  website to a subdirectory and it will still work.

  The `absolute_links' widget prepends a prefix to every internal
  link. Conceptually similar to the site URL option in other SSGs and
  CMSes, but works for all links, not only links generated by the SSG
  itself.


[soupault 2.5.0] 


Timere-parse 0.0.2, natural language parsing of date, time and duration
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Darren announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce the release of Timere-parse 0.0.2, the natural
  language parsing component of Timere, a date time handling and
  reasoning library. Both packages are under the [Timere repo].

  Timere-parse allows interpretation of common descriptions of date,
  time and duration.


[Timere repo] 

Date time examples
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  Input strings are in `""', indented lines are pretty printed output.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 "2020 jun 6 10am"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2020-06-06T10:00:00Z
  =E2=94=82 "2020 jun 6th 10:15"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2020-06-06T10:15:00Z
  =E2=94=82 "Australia/Sydney 2020 jun 6 10am"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2020-06-06T10:00:00+10:00
  =E2=94=82 "01-06-2020 10:10"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2020-06-01T10:10:00Z
  =E2=94=82 "2020/06/01 10am"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2020-06-01T10:00:00Z
  =E2=94=82 "jul 6 2021 9:15am"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2021-07-06T09:15:00Z
  =E2=94=82 "2020/06/01"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Duration examples
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 "24h"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 1 days 0 hours 0 mins 0 secs
  =E2=94=82 "16.5 hours"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 16 hours 30 mins 0 secs
  =E2=94=82 "1h20min"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 1 hours 20 mins 0 secs
  =E2=94=82 "1 hour 2.5 minutes"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 1 hours 2 mins 30 secs
  =E2=94=82 "100 seconds"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 1 mins 40 secs
  =E2=94=82 "2.25 minutes 1 seconds"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 2 mins 16 secs
  =E2=94=82 "5 days 6.5 hours"
  =E2=94=82   Ok 5 days 6 hours 30 mins 0 secs
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Timere object examples
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 "2020 jun"
  =E2=94=82   Ok (pattern (years 2020) (months Jun))
  =E2=94=82 "jan"
  =E2=94=82   Ok (pattern (months Jan))
  =E2=94=82 jan 6 12pm to 2pm"
  =E2=94=82   Ok (bounded_intervals whole (duration 366 0 0 0) (points (pic=
k mdhms Jan 6 12 0 0)) (points (pick hms 14 0 0)))
  =E2=94=82 "12th, 13 to 15, 20"
  =E2=94=82   Ok (pattern (month_days 12 13 14 15 20))
  =E2=94=82 "16th 7:30am"
  =E2=94=82   Ok (pattern (month_days 16) (hours 7) (minutes 30) (seconds 0=
))
  =E2=94=82 "16th 8am to 10am, 11am to 12pm"
  =E2=94=82   Ok (inter (pattern (month_days 16)) (union (bounded_intervals=
 whole (duration 1 0 0 0) (points (pick hms 8 0 0))
  =E2=94=82 (points (pick hms 10 0 0))) (bounded_intervals whole (duration =
1 0 0 0) (points (pick hms 11 0 0)) (points (pick hms
  =E2=94=82 12 0 0)))))
  =E2=94=82 "2020 jun 16th 10am to jul 1 12pm"
  =E2=94=82   Ok (bounded_intervals whole (duration 366 0 0 0) (points (pic=
k ymdhms 2020 Jun 16 10 0 0)) (points (pick mdhms Jul
  =E2=94=82 1 12 0 0)))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Corpus
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  For the full corpus/examples, see [corpus/] for code and
  [corpus-outputs/] for generated outputs.


[corpus/] 

[corpus-outputs/]



ocamlnet-4.1.9
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  there is now ocamlnet-4.1.9 available:

  =E2=80=A2 compatibility with upcoming OCaml-4.12
  =E2=80=A2 some fixes regarding TLS (https)
  =E2=80=A2 a few build-related details

  See the project page for download, documentation, a detailed
  changelog, and the mailing list:
  

  The repository is at

  

  opam follows soon.


Release of cohttp 4.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Marcello Seri announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are glad to announce the [upcoming release] of [`cohttp 4.0.0'], a
  low-level OCaml library for HTTP clients and servers.

  This release comes with a big update of the documentation and the
  examples, both in the [README] and in the codebase, and improvements
  and bug fixes from many contributors =F0=9F=99=87 which you will find lis=
ted
  below.

  A huge thank you to all the people that helped to get this release
  ready by raising issues, participating in discussions, sending PRs,
  and otherwise using our library.


[upcoming release] 

[`cohttp 4.0.0'] 

[README] 

The future of cohttp
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  To quote @avsm from [another post]

        The development process [=E2=80=A6] is driven by a simple
        principle that is inspired by OCaml itself: don't
        needlessly break backwards compatibility without good
        reason, and when it is necessary, justify it. Our tools
        are embedded in projects that have lifespans measured in
        the decades, and we take compatibility seriously. That=E2=80=99s
        why we take pains to provide migration paths [=E2=80=A6] that are
        as invisible as possible.

  Since in this release we have decided to include a number of fixes and
  improvements which modified Cohttp module signatures, we decided to
  signal the potential breackage by bumping the major version of the
  library. In most cases, however, you don't need to do anything and
  your code will keep working with the latest cohttp.

  Moving forward, we have agreed to start working on the API and the
  internals of cohttp to modernize it and get it ready for multicore
  support and also for eventual unification with the h2 stack that
  offers HTTP2/3 support.

  To be able to move forward and avoid stalling improvements for months,
  we will be less shy of major releases.  However, to remain true to the
  principle above, we will be careful to introduce one breakage at a
  time, carefully justify its need and provide a clear upgrade path in
  the changelog.

  The version history is:
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp 2.5.5: security backports (changelog below)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp 3.0.0: skipped (explained below)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp 4.0.0: the next release (changelog below)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp 5.0.0: will include a long-awaited change in [how header=
s are
    treated]: which fixes a multitude of past issues and simplifies the
    internals of the module.

  For the people that need stability, *we have decided to keep
  backporting important security fixes to the `2.5.x' branch of the
  project*. In fact, `cohttp 2.5.5', released just a few days ago was
  the first release with the backport of a security issue.


[another post]


[how headers are treated]



What happened to 3.0.0?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The release of `cohttp 3.0.0' has been long awaited, and we are
  extremely grateful to @dinosaure for the enormous work that went into
  designing and implementing `conduit 3.0.0' and `cohttp 3.0.0' (part of
  which remained in `4.0.0' as bug fixes and API improvements).

  However, a discussion started soon after the release pointing out that
  there could be further room of improvement also with the new design,
  particularly with respect to backwards compatibility. Since the design
  discussion did not reach consensus, these changes were reverted to
  preserve better compatibility with existing cohttp users and `cohttp
  3.0.0' was [marked as unavailable] on the opam repository.  As
  maintainers, our "lesson learnt" is to not do releases incrementally
  when they span multiple libraries: we were caught in an awkward spot
  when conduit 3 was released, but without cohttp 3.

  The work on the new conduit is steadily progressing and will be
  integrated in a new major release of cohttp in the future, once we
  will be confident that the API is settled. If you want to try using it
  immediately, then it is available as the [mimic] library in ocaml-git.


[marked as unavailable]


[mimic] 


Change Log
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

v4.0.0
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  =E2=80=A2 cohttp.response: fix malformed status header for custom status =
codes
    (@mseri @aalekseyev #752)
  =E2=80=A2 remove dependency to base (@samoht #745)
  =E2=80=A2 add GitHub Actions workflow (@smorimoto #739)
  =E2=80=A2 `cohttp-lwt-jsoo': Forward exceptions to caller when response is
    null (@mefyl #738)
  =E2=80=A2 Use implicit executable dependency for generate.exe (@TheLortex
    #735)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp: update HTTP codes (@emillon #711)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp: fix chunked encoding of empty body (@mefyl #715)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp-async: fix body not being uploaded with unchunked Async.=
Pipe
    (@mefyl #706)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp-{async, lwt}: fix suprising behaviours of Body.is_empty
    (@anuragsoni #714 #712 #713)
  =E2=80=A2 refactoring of tests (@mseri #709, @dinosaure #692)
  =E2=80=A2 update documentation (@dinosaure #716, @mseri #720)
  =E2=80=A2 fix deadlock in logging (@dinosaure #722)
  =E2=80=A2 improve media type parsing (@seliopou #542, @dinosaure #725)
  =E2=80=A2 [reverted] breaking changes to client and server API to use con=
duit
    3.0.0 (@dinosaure #692). However, as the design discussion did not
    reach consensus, these changes were reverted to preserve better
    compatibility with existing cohttp users. (#741, @samoht)

  *Potentially breaking changes*

  =E2=80=A2 remove `wrapped false' from the codebase (@rgrinberg #734)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp: add Uti.t to uri scheme (@brendanlong #707)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp-lwt-jsoo: rename Cohttp_lwt_xhr to Cohttp_lwt_jsoo for
    consistency (@mseri #717)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp: fix transfer-encoding ordering in headers (@mseri #721)
  =E2=80=A2 lower-level support for long-running cohttp-async connections
    (@brendanlong #704)
  =E2=80=A2 add of_form and to_form functions to body (@seliopou #440, @mse=
ri
    #723)
  =E2=80=A2 cohttp-lwt: partly inline read_response, fix body stream leak
    (@madroach @dinosaure #696).  Note: there is a new warning that may
    show up in your logs when bodies are leaked, see also [#730].
  =E2=80=A2 add comparison functions for Request.t and Response.t via
    ppx_compare (@msaffer-js @dinosaure #686)


[#730] 


v2.5.5
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  =E2=80=A2 `Cohttp_async.resolve_local_file', `Cohttp_lwt.resolve_local_fi=
le'
    and `Cohttp_lwt_unix.resolve_file' are now the same code under the
    hood (`Cohttp.Path.resolve_local_file'). The old names have been
    preserved for compatibility, but will be marked as deprecated in the
    next release. This changes the behavior of
    `Cohttp_lwt_unix.resolve_file': it now percent-decodes the paths and
    blocks escaping from the docroot correctly. This also fixes and
    tests the corner cases in these methods when the docroot is
    empty. (@ewanmellor #755)

    *Double check your code base for uses of
     `Cohttp_lwt_unix.resolve_file': it is unsafe with respect to path
     handling*. If you cannot upgrade to `cohttp 2.5.5', you should
     modify your code to call `Cohttp_lwt.resolve_local_file' instead.


New Try-Alt-Ergo website
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  We are pleased to announce the new version of the [Try Alt-Ergo
  website]!

  As a reminder, Try Alt-Ergo allows you to write and run your problems
  in your browser without any server computation.  It was designed to be
  a powerful and simple tool to use.

  Updates concern these parts of the site:
  =E2=80=A2 A new back end in JavaScript
  =E2=80=A2 Front end with news features (Ace editor, top panel, right pane=
l,
    etc.)

  Take a look at [our blogpost] to read how we have updated the Try
  Alt-Ergo website and what's new! You can also visit the [Try Alt-Ergo
  website] directly. As usual, do not hesitate to report bugs, to ask
  questions, or to give your feedback.


[Try Alt-Ergo website] 

[our blogpost] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [New Try-Alt-Ergo]
  =E2=80=A2 [TZComet's New Token Viewer]


[OCaml Planet] 

[New Try-Alt-Ergo]


[TZComet's New Token Viewer]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 23 to 30, 2021.









Theorem Proving with Coq and Ocaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/theorem-proving-with-coq-ocaml/7524=
/1








Gregory Malecha announced





I lead the formal methods team at Bedrock Systems (https://bedrocksystems.com) and we are looking to hire a=
  full-time
engineer working on automation in the Coq proof assistant (which is written=
 in Ocaml). We're very interested in
candidates with strong Ocaml background especially in topics related to aut=
omated theorem proving, e.g. SAT/SMT
solvers, datalog, superposition, resolution, etc. While Coq experience is g=
reat, you do not need to be a Coq expert
to apply to this position, we're happy to marry your Ocaml expertise with o=
ur Coq expertise.





Formal methods are at the core of BedRock's business and we are deeply comm=
itted to solving problems of system
verification at industrial scale. We get FM techniques and insights into th=
e code early on and use them to build,
maintain, and evolve code. This includes developing more agile techniques t=
o keep evolving verified systems once
they're built.





We have eight folks on the formal methods team today, hailing from MPI-SWS,=
 MIT CSAIL, Princeton, and other leading
research groups. If you're interested, send me an email or you can inquire =
more broadly at jobs@bedrocksystems.com.





Company overview:





BedRock is building a trustworthy compute base for mission-critical appl=
ications . The foundation of the platform
is an open source, multi-core, capability-based micro-hypervisor that we ar=
e developing and verifying. On top of
these deep specifications we are writing and verifying applications to prov=
ide an extensible and configurable core.





Our contention is that the time is ripe for verifiably trustworthy syste=
ms, for everything from secure phones
and industrial IoT to autonomous systems and financial infrastructure. With=
 significant seed funding, great
investors, and commercial projects underway, we are growing our team in Bos=
ton, the Bay Area, DC, and Germany.















ocaml-aws 1.2





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-aws-1-2/7526/1








Tim Mc Gilchrist announced





I'm pleased to announce the release of ocaml-aws 1.2.





ocaml-aws aims to provide generated bindings to many AWS services using the=
 botocore specifications. In this version
we've bumped version bounds on a bunch of depedencies and also added new bi=
ndings for:



    

  • RDS
    • 

  • Route53
    • 

  • SDB
    • 

  • SQS
    • 





Please check it out and report any issues.















Release of fmlib.0.2.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-fmlib-0-2-0/7527/1








Hbr announced





I am pleased to announce the second release (0.2.0) of fmlib, a functional
library with managed effects.





The library has up to now 4 components:







The last component is the new one in version 0.2.0. Internally it uses
js_of_ocaml to compile to javascript. It is an easy to use lib=
rary of
primitive functions to access mainly browser functionality from ocaml and s=
ome
rudimentary functions to access nodejs functionality.





It can be installed via opam by




opam update
opam install fmlib
opam install fmlib_js





It is located at github











Hbr added





Hint: fmlib is still a bundle of three libraries i.e. three to=
plevel modules Fmlib_std, Fmlib_pretty and
Fmlib_parse. Therefore they have to be used in a dune file with




(libraries fmlib.fmlib_std fmlib.fmlib_pretty fmlib.fmlib_parse ...)





while the new library can be used with




(libraries fmlib_js ...)





This inconvenience will be corrected in the next release.















soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-soupault-a-static-website-generator-based-on-html-rewriting/4126/14








Daniil Baturin announced





soupault 2.5.=
0 offers some features that are unique among SSGs.





There are two new built-in widgets for rewriting internal links, which is u=
seful if you don't host your website at
the server root. For example, if you host it at example.com/~user, you cannot just write <img src=3D"/header.png">:
it will point to example.com/header.png while you want e=
xample.com/~user/header.png instead.





The relative_links widget will convert all internal links to r=
elative links according to their depth in the
directory tree. For example, suppose you have <img src=3D"/header.=
png"> in your page template. Then in
about/index.html that link will become <img src=3D"..=
/header.png">; in books/magnetic-fields/index.html i=
t will
be <img src=3D"../../header.png"> and so on. This way yo=
u can move the website to a subdirectory and it will still
work.





The absolute_links widget prepends a prefix to every internal =
link. Conceptually similar to the site URL option in
other SSGs and CMSes, but works for all links, not only links generated by =
the SSG itself.















Timere-parse 0.0.2, natural language parsing of date, time and=
 duration





Archive: https://discuss.ocam=
l.org/t/ann-timere-parse-0-0-2-natural-language-parsing-of-date-time-and-du=
ration/7532/1








Darren announced





I'm happy to announce the release of Timere-parse 0.0.2, the natural langua=
ge parsing component of Timere, a date
time handling and reasoning library. Both packages are under the Timere
repo.





Timere-parse allows interpretation of common descriptions of date, time and=
 duration.








Date time examples





Input strings are in "", indented lines are pretty printed out=
put.




"2020 jun 6 10am"
  Ok 2020-06-06T10:00:00Z
"2020 jun 6th 10:15"
  Ok 2020-06-06T10:15:00Z
"Australia/Sydney 2020 jun 6 10am"
  Ok 2020-06-06T10:00:00+10:00
"01-06-2020 10:10"
  Ok 2020-06-01T10:10:00Z
"2020/06/01 10am"
  Ok 2020-06-01T10:00:00Z
"jul 6 2021 9:15am"
  Ok 2021-07-06T09:15:00Z
"2020/06/01"
  Ok 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z










Duration examples




"24h"
  Ok 1 days 0 hours 0 mins 0 secs
"16.5 hours"
  Ok 16 hours 30 mins 0 secs
"1h20min"
  Ok 1 hours 20 mins 0 secs
"1 hour 2.5 minutes"
  Ok 1 hours 2 mins 30 secs
"100 seconds"
  Ok 1 mins 40 secs
"2.25 minutes 1 seconds"
  Ok 2 mins 16 secs
"5 days 6.5 hours"
  Ok 5 days 6 hours 30 mins 0 secs










Timere object examples




"2020 jun"
  Ok (pattern (years 2020) (months Jun))
"jan"
  Ok (pattern (months Jan))
jan 6 12pm to 2pm"
  Ok (bounded_intervals whole (duration 366 0 0 0) (points (pick mdhms Jan =
6 12 0 0)) (points (pick hms 14 0 0)))
"12th, 13 to 15, 20"
  Ok (pattern (month_days 12 13 14 15 20))
"16th 7:30am"
  Ok (pattern (month_days 16) (hours 7) (minutes 30) (seconds 0))
"16th 8am to 10am, 11am to 12pm"
  Ok (inter (pattern (month_days 16)) (union (bounded_intervals whole (dura=
tion 1 0 0 0) (points (pick hms 8 0 0))
(points (pick hms 10 0 0))) (bounded_intervals whole (duration 1 0 0 0) (po=
ints (pick hms 11 0 0)) (points (pick hms
12 0 0)))))
"2020 jun 16th 10am to jul 1 12pm"
  Ok (bounded_intervals whole (duration 366 0 0 0) (points (pick ymdhms 202=
0 Jun 16 10 0 0)) (points (pick mdhms Jul
1 12 0 0)))










Corpus





For the full corpus/examples, see corpus/  for code and
=
corpus-outputs/ for generated outputs.

















ocamlnet-4.1.9





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-03/msg00028.html=









Gerd Stolpmann announced





there is now ocamlnet-4.1.9 available:




    

  • compatibility with upcoming OCaml-4.12
    • 

  • some fixes regarding TLS (https)
    • 

  • a few build-related details
    • 





See the project page for download, documentation, a detailed changelog,
and the mailing list:
http://proj=
ects.camlcity.org/projects/ocamlnet.html





The repository is at





https://gitlab.=
com/gerdstolpmann/lib-ocamlnet3/





opam follows soon.















Release of cohttp 4.0.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-cohttp-4-0-0/7537/1








Marcello Seri announced





We are glad to announce the upcoming release of cohttp
4.0.0, a low-level OCaml library for HTTP clients and servers.





This release comes with a big update of the documentation and the examples,=
 both in the
README and in the co=
debase, and improvements and bug fixes from many
contributors =F0=9F=99=87 which you will find listed below.





A huge thank you to all the people that helped to get this release ready by=
 raising issues, participating in
discussions, sending PRs, and otherwise using our library.








The future of cohttp





To quote @avsm from another
post







The development process […] is driven by a simple principle that is =
inspired by OCaml itself: don't needlessly
break backwards compatibility without good reason, and when it is necessary=
, justify it. Our tools are embedded in
projects that have lifespans measured in the decades, and we take compatibi=
lity seriously. That=E2=80=99s why we take pains
to provide migration paths […] that are as invisible as possible.







Since in this release we have decided to include a number of fixes and impr=
ovements which modified Cohttp module
signatures, we decided to signal the potential breackage by bumping the maj=
or version of the library. In most cases,
however, you don't need to do anything and your code will keep working with=
 the latest cohttp.





Moving forward, we have agreed to start working on the API and the internal=
s of cohttp to modernize it and get it
ready for multicore support and also for eventual unification with the h2 s=
tack that offers HTTP2/3 support.





To be able to move forward and avoid stalling improvements for months, we w=
ill be less shy of major releases.
However, to remain true to the principle above, we will be careful to intro=
duce one breakage at a time, carefully
justify its need and provide a clear upgrade path in the changelog.





The version history is:



    

  • cohttp 2.5.5: security backports (changelog below)
    • 

  • cohttp 3.0.0: skipped (explained below)
    • 

  • cohttp 4.0.0: the next release (changelog below)
    • 

  • cohttp 5.0.0: will include a long-awaited change in how headers are treated: which=
 fixes a multitude of past issues and simplifies the internals of the modul=
e.
    • 





For the people that need stability, we have decided to keep backporting =
important security fixes to the 2.5.x
branch of the project. In fact, cohttp 2.5.5, released jus=
t a few days ago was the first release with the
backport of a security issue.










What happened to 3.0.0?





The release of cohttp 3.0.0 has been long awaited, and we are =
extremely grateful to @dinosaure for the enormous
work that went into designing and implementing conduit 3.0.0 a=
nd cohttp 3.0.0 (part of which remained in 4.0.0
as bug fixes and API improvements).





However, a discussion started soon after the release pointing out that ther=
e could be further room of improvement
also with the new design, particularly with respect to backwards compatibil=
ity. Since the design discussion did not
reach consensus, these changes were reverted to preserve better compatibili=
ty with existing cohttp users and cohttp
3.0.0 was marked as unavailable on the opam repository.  As
maintainers, our "lesson learnt" is to not do releases incrementally when t=
hey span multiple libraries: we were
caught in an awkward spot when conduit 3 was released, but without cohttp 3.





The work on the new conduit is steadily progressing and will be integrated =
in a new major release of cohttp in the
future, once we will be confident that the API is settled. If you want to t=
ry using it immediately, then it is
available as the mimic library in ocaml-git.










Change Log








v4.0.0




    

  • cohttp.response: fix malformed status header for custom status codes (@=
mseri @aalekseyev #752)
    • 

  • remove dependency to base (@samoht #745)
    • 

  • add GitHub Actions workflow (@smorimoto #739)
    • 

  • cohttp-lwt-jsoo: Forward exceptions to caller when respons=
e is null (@mefyl #738)
    • 

  • Use implicit executable dependency for generate.exe (@TheLortex #735)

  • cohttp: update HTTP codes (@emillon #711)
    • 

  • cohttp: fix chunked encoding of empty body (@mefyl #715)
    • 

  • cohttp-async: fix body not being uploaded with unchunked Async.Pipe (@m=
efyl #706)
    • 

  • cohttp-{async, lwt}: fix suprising behaviours of Body.is_empty (@anurag=
soni #714 #712 #713)
    • 

  • refactoring of tests (@mseri #709, @dinosaure #692)
    • 

  • update documentation (@dinosaure #716, @mseri #720)
    • 

  • fix deadlock in logging (@dinosaure #722)
    • 

  • improve media type parsing (@seliopou #542, @dinosaure #725)
    • 

  • [reverted] breaking changes to client and server API to use conduit 3.0=
.0 (@dinosaure #692). However, as the design discussion did not reach conse=
nsus, these changes were reverted to preserve better compatibility with exi=
sting cohttp users. (#741,  @samoht)
    • 





Potentially breaking changes




    

  • remove wrapped false from the codebase (@rgrinberg #734)

  • cohttp: add Uti.t to uri scheme (@brendanlong #707)
    • 

  • cohttp-lwt-jsoo: rename Cohttp_lwt_xhr to Cohttp_lwt_jsoo for consisten=
cy (@mseri #717)
    • 

  • cohttp: fix transfer-encoding ordering in headers (@mseri #721)
    • 

  • lower-level support for long-running cohttp-async connections (@brendan=
long #704)
    • 

  • add of_form and to_form functions to body (@seliopou #440, @mseri #723)=

    • 

  • cohttp-lwt: partly inline read_response, fix body stream leak (@madroac=
h @dinosaure #696).
Note: there is a new warning that may show up in your logs when bodies are =
leaked, see also #730.
    • 

  • add comparison functions for Request.t and Response.t via ppx_compare (=
@msaffer-js @dinosaure #686)
    • 










v2.5.5




    

  • 
Cohttp_async.resolve_local_file, Cohttp_lwt.resolve_loca=
l_file and Cohttp_lwt_unix.resolve_file are now the sam=
e code under the hood (Cohttp.Path.resolve_local_file). The ol=
d names have been preserved for compatibility, but will be marked as deprec=
ated in the next release. This changes the behavior of Cohttp_lwt_uni=
x.resolve_file: it now percent-decodes the paths and blocks escaping=
 from the docroot correctly. This also fixes and tests the corner cases in =
these methods when the docroot is empty. (@ewanmellor #755)

    


    
Double check your code base for uses of Cohttp_lwt_unix.resolve_fi=
le: it is unsafe with respect to path handling. If you cannot up=
grade to cohttp 2.5.5, you should modify your code to call Cohttp_lwt.resolve_local_file instead.

    • 



















New Try-Alt-Ergo website





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-try-alt-ergo-website/7555/1








OCamlPro announced





We are pleased to announce the new version of the Try Alt-Ergo website!





As a reminder, Try Alt-Ergo allows you to write and run your problems in yo=
ur browser without any server computation.
It was designed to be a powerful and simple tool to use.





Updates concern these parts of the site:



    

  • A new back end in JavaScript
    • 

  • Front end with news features (Ace editor, top panel, right panel, etc.)=

    • 





Take a look at our blogpost to read how we have updated the
Try Alt-Ergo website and what's new! You can also visit the Try Alt-Ergo
website directly. As usual, do not hesitate to report bugs, to ask ques=
tions, or
to give your feedback.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.







Alan Schmitt















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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 30 to April 06,=
 2021.









Ecosystem Engineer and Technical Writer positions





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-ecosyste=
m-engineer-and-technical-writer-positions/7571/1








Celine announced





Tarides is hiring an Ecosystem Engineer and a
Technical Writer.





Tarides is a tech startup based in Paris and founded in 2018. We develop a =
software infrastructure platform to deploy
secure, distributed applications with strict resource contraints and low-la=
tency performance requirements.





We welcome applications from people of all backgrounds. We are working hard=
 to create a representative, inclusive and
friendly team, because we know that different experiences, perspectives and=
 backgrounds make for a better place.





Please, don't hesitate to contact me if you have any question, I'll be more=
 than happy to reply! :)















Release of cohttp 4.0.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-cohttp-4-0-0/7537/2








Continuing this thread, Calascibetta Romain said







The work on the new conduit is steadily progressing and will be integrated =
in a new major release of cohttp in the
future, once we will be confident that the API is settled. If you want to t=
ry using it immediately, then it is
available as the mimic  library in ocaml-git.







I just take the opportunity to show up a tutorial about mimic =
which is now available into the distribution of it:
see here. Thanks for your work about the release process.




















agrid 0.1





Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-agrid-0-1/7587/1








zapashcanon announced





I'm pleased to announce the first release of agrid.





Agrid stands for Adjustable Grid. Adjustable grids are basically two=
 dimensional arrays whose width/height can be
changed by adding or removing row/column at either end (one at a time).





Here's a very short example :






let () =3D
  let grid =3D Agrid.=
of_list [[1; 2]; [3; 4]] in
  let grid =3D Agrid.=
snoc_row grid (Flex_array.of_=
list [5; 6]) in
  Agrid.pp Format.pp_print_int Format.std_formatter grid
  (* prints:
   * 1; 2
   * 3; 4
   * 5; 6
   *=
)







It's based on the great flex-array library by Jea=
n-Christophe
Filli=C3=A2tre and is mainly a wrapper around it to make it easier for =
the special case of
two dimensional arrays.





It's been developped at OCamlPro =
while working on
mosaic when we wanted to ease=
 the dataset input process, switching from a basic
textarea based input to something which looks like a spreadsheet (this work=
 is not yet published on the online
version).











gasche asked and zapashcanon replied







Out of curiosity: In a spreadsheet, I would assume that inserting/removing =
rows or columns in the middle is also a
useful operation. Would you be able to add this operation?







It's not really a spreadsheet, it's more something like this. I don't
think it would be really useful in the case of mosaic because for big input=
s, users are more likely to import the
data from a file.





Anyway, it's possible to add this operation, but I can't think of an effici=
ent way to do it. I'll think about it and
may add such an operation. Actually, if it's added to flex-array, it would =
be trivial to add it to agrid, so I'll
probably try to add it there.















State of OCaml and web assembly





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/state-of-ocaml-and-web-assembly/2=
725/15








Deep in this thread, Emilio Jes=C3=BAs Gallego Arias =
announced





Yup, we didn't make it yet the "official" release, but it has been used by =
quite a few people to avoid lack of
tail-call optimization in jsoo, live versions:






It literally flies.





I guess @corwin-of-amber is the right person to comment more on his superb =
efforts.











Shachar Itzhaky then added





Hi there @camarick; ocaml-wasm is very much bleeding-edge but it already wo=
rks surprisingly well and I have used it
to run Coq, esp. for the purpose of making the interactive version of Vols.=
 I,II from the Software Foundations
textbook (see https://jscoq.gith=
ub.io/ext/sf and https://jscoq.github.io/ext/sf/tools/jscoq-tester.html).





Of course @ejgallego is exaggerating when he says that it flies, it still r=
uns OCaml bytecode in interpreted mode on
top of the WASM JIT. Performance is pretty reasonable still, except in the =
case some intensive Coq tactics (in which
case this is a third level of interpreter… :man_facepalming: ). The =
main gap right now is the standard libraries
str, unix, and threads, for which I =
have compiled empty stubs, because dynamic loading of libraries in WASI is
still immature. I have been able to compile num and it =
works correctly because it does not depend on anything
else. I am currently investigating how to build zarith (which =
requires gmp) because Coq 8.13 depends on it.





So yeah, this is not at all the coveted WASM backend for ocamlc, but it's one existing solution and you can hack on
it right now. Any help or comments are welcome!















containers 3.3





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-containers-3-3/7594/1








Simon Cruanes announced





I'm glad to announce the release of containers 3.3. Containers is an extens=
ion to OCaml's standard library that
strives to be compatible with it, with more features and a few additional m=
odules to get dynamic arrays, heaps,
S-expression parser/printer, etc.





In this release, we have new support for parsing/printing canonical S-expre=
ssions (a simple binary-safe format), a
code-generation module for bitfields, and many improvements to existing mod=
ules in particular in the interface
between maps/set/hashtbl and iterators.





More details in the github release.





Many thanks to the contributors, in particular @Fardale for his work on CI =
and auto-doc-generation.















New OCaml books?





Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-ocaml-books/5789/6








Deep in this thread, Damien Guichard announced





I=E2=80=99m also working on a free culture book. The preview is at
https://damien-guichard.developpez.com/downloads/Algorithmic-w=
ith-OCaml.pdf





It=E2=80=99s under CC-BY-SA.





Planned chapters include : Records, Type polymorphism, Modules as functions=
, Conceptual graphs.





The reason why i don't contribute to @dmbaturin's effort is that my main to=
pic is algorithmic, ocaml is more a good
way than a goal.











Damien Guichard later added





Sorry, you have to be a member of h=
ttps://www.developpez.com/ to access this link.





Here is my 2nd try. I hope you don't need to be a member of https://www.aeriesguard.com/ this time.
https://www.aeriesguard.com/med=
ia/get/504bfbe34d3f517c8acf37ffbe200f84698aca0c/Algorithmic-with-_OCaml.pdf=
















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 13 to 20,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Preface (initial release)
OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2021
Timere 0.1.3 - Dealing with time and time zones has never been easier
Release of `multipart_form.0.2.0'
Engineer position for the development of the Squirrel prover
Martin Jambon presentation on Semgrep, Wed April 21 @ 7pm Central
Old CWN


Preface (initial release)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello, @d-plaindoux and @pytre and I are very happy to present
  *Preface*, a project that has occupied part of our free time for
  almost 2 years. We received a lot of help from various people (as
  mentioned in the [CREDITS] page), including some present on this forum
  (@gasche, @octachron and @snowleopard)

        Preface is an opinionated library designed to facilitate
        the handling of recurring functional programming idioms in
        [OCaml]. Many of the design decisions were made in an
        attempt to calibrate, as best as possible, to the OCaml
        language. Trying to get the most out of the module
        language. *The name "preface" is a nod to "Prelude"* .

  =E2=80=A2 [Github repository]
  =E2=80=A2 [Online documentation]


[CREDITS]


[OCaml] 

[Github repository] 

[Online documentation]


About the project, and motivation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  When learning functional programming, one is often confronted with
  constructs derived (or not) from category theory.  Languages such as
  Haskell offer very complete libraries to use them, and thus,
  facilitate their learning. In OCaml, it often happens that these
  abstractions are buried in the heart of certain libraries/projects
  ([Lwt], [Cmdliner], [Bonsai], [Dune] etc.). This is why one of the
  objectives of Preface is to propose tools for concretising these
  abstractions, at least as a pedagogical tool.


[Lwt] 

[Cmdliner] 

[Bonsai] 

[Dune] 


Is Preface useful
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  Since OCaml allows for efficient imperative programming, Preface is
  probably not really useful for building software.  However, we (the
  maintainers) think that Preface can be useful for a few things:

  =E2=80=A2 technical experimentation with abstractions (especially those f=
rom
    the Haskell world) that allow programming in a fun style.
  =E2=80=A2 As an educational tool. Many teaching aids generally only offer=
 the
    minimal interfaces to these abstractions. Preface tries to be as
    complete as possible.
  =E2=80=A2 It was a lot of fun to make. The last point is obviously the
    lightest but building Preface was really fun! So even if some people
    won't see the point=E2=80=A6 *we had fun making it*!

  Let's imagine this scenario! Oh, there's this article that seems to
  describe quite precisely how to solve `this complex problem',
  elegantly, using this `collection of abstractions'. After reading, the
  article is clear and I know how to use this `collection of
  abstractions' in practice. I would like to test it. Not having enough
  RAM to install Cabal, I decided to do it in OCaml. But as one
  abstraction leads to another, I am obliged to build an armada of
  things and I abandon my experimentation.

  So now, rather than doing it, locally, for the understanding of an
  article, I add it in Preface.


Additional links
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The [README] is quite expansive on motivations and some design
  choices, but we have tried to add some concrete guides:
  =E2=80=A2 [ Understanding the module breakdown of Preface]
  =E2=80=A2 [Effect handling using Freer]
  =E2=80=A2 [Error handling with Result/Validation and a Free Applicative]

  And in addition here is a project, by a friend of ours, that uses
  Preface, to build static blog generators (very original isn't it :P),
  the code is highly documented and can be an entry point into how to
  use it: [Github repository of the project]


[README] 

[ Understanding the module breakdown of Preface]


[Effect handling using Freer]


[Error handling with Result/Validation and a Free Applicative]


[Github repository of the project]



Conclusion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Preface does not offer much that is new, but we have tried to make it
  user-friendly and to document as much as possible the code and design
  choices. It's a lot of fun to build=E2=80=A6 and it will probably be just=
 as
  much fun to maintain.

  *We are extremely open to contributions and feedback.*

  And my last words will be a warm thank you to the OCaml ecosystem that
  has facilitated so much of our development: Testing with [Alcotest]
  and [QCheck] is a pleasure. [Dune] is a fast and pleasant build
  system. [ODoc] has allowed us to have more control over the generation
  of documentation, especially with the `@inline' comment (on includes)
  which allows signatures from different modules to be merged. And [MDX]
  which I did not know at all and which is used extensively for guides.

  I hope you can find interest in this project! Good luck with the rest
  of the containment (for those concerned).


[Alcotest] 

[QCheck] 

[Dune] 

[ODoc] 

[MDX] 


OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2021
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to invite submissions to the OCaml Users and
  Developers Workshop 2021, which is again co-located with ICFP and will
  be held virtually this year.

  The OCaml Users and Developers Workshop brings together industrial
  users of OCaml with academics and hackers who are working on extending
  the language, type system, and tools. Previous editions have been
  co-located with ICFP 2012 in Copenhagen, ICFP 2013 in Boston, ICFP
  2014 in Gothenburg, ICFP 2015 in Vancouver, ICFP 2016 in Nara, ICFP
  2017 in Oxford, ICFP 2018 in St Louis, ICFP 2019 in Berlin, and was
  virtual for ICFP 2020, following the OCaml Meetings in Paris in 2010
  and 2011.


Important Links
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [https://icfp21.sigplan.org/home/ocaml-2021 ]
  =E2=80=A2 [https://ocaml2021.hotcrp.com ]


[https://icfp21.sigplan.org/home/ocaml-2021 ]


[https://ocaml2021.hotcrp.com ] 


Important dates
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Thursday 20th May (any time zone): Abstract submission deadline
  =E2=80=A2 Friday 18th July: Author notification
  =E2=80=A2 Friday 27th August: OCaml Workshop


Scope
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Presentations and discussions focus on the OCaml programming language
  and its community. We aim to solicit talks on all aspects related to
  improving the use or development of the language and its programming
  environment, including, for example (but not limited to):

  =E2=80=A2 compiler developments, new backends, runtime and architectures
  =E2=80=A2 practical type system improvements, such as GADTs, first-class
    modules, generic programming, or dependent types
  =E2=80=A2 new library or application releases, and their design rationales
  =E2=80=A2 tools and infrastructure services, and their enhancements
  =E2=80=A2 prominent industrial or experimental uses of OCaml, or deployme=
nts
    in unusual situations.


Presentations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Presentations will be held in the online format. Each presentation
  comprise a prerecorded presentation and an interactive live Q&A
  session after the talk. Each talk will be re-translated three times in
  different time zones.  Session chairs and volunteers will assist the
  authors in preparing and casting the presentation. Each presentation
  will be made available through the ocaml.org website.


Submission
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  To submit a presentation, please register a description of the talk
  (about 2 pages long) at  providing a
  clear statement of what will be provided by the presentation: the
  problems that are addressed, the solutions or methods that are
  proposed.

  LaTeX-produced PDFs are a common and welcome submission format. For
  accessibility purposes, we ask PDF submitters to also provide the
  sources of their submission in a textual format, such as .tex
  sources. Reviewers may read either the submitted PDF or the text
  version.


Camera ready presentations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C

  A pre-recorded versions of accepted presentation shall be provided
  before August, 13th. Volunteers will provide technical assistance to
  authors as well as provide necessary feedback and ensure that all
  videos match our quality standards.


ML family workshop
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  The ML family workshop, held on the previous day, deals with general
  issues of the ML-style programming and type systems, focuses on more
  research-oriented work that is less specific to a language in
  particular. There is an overlap between the two workshops, and we have
  occasionally transferred presentations from one to the other in the
  past. Authors who feel their submission fits both workshops are
  encouraged to mention it at submission time and/or contact the Program
  Chairs.


Program Commitee
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour, Tarides, France
  =E2=80=A2 Cristina Rosu, Janestreet, UK
  =E2=80=A2 Hakjoo Oh, Korea University, Korea
  =E2=80=A2 Hugo Heuzard, Janestreet, UK
  =E2=80=A2 Jeffrey A. Scofield, Formalsim, USA
  =E2=80=A2 Jonathan Protzenko, MSR, USA
  =E2=80=A2 Joris Giovanangeli, Ahrefs, Singapore
  =E2=80=A2 Jun Furuse, Dailambda, Japan
  =E2=80=A2 Kihong Heo, KAIST, Korea
  =E2=80=A2 Kate Deplaix, OCaml Labs, UK
  =E2=80=A2 Medhi Bouaziz, Nomadic Labs, France
  =E2=80=A2 Simon Castellan, INRIA, France
  =E2=80=A2 Ryohei Tokuda, Idein, Japan
  =E2=80=A2 Vaivaswatha Nagaraj, Zilliqa, India
  =E2=80=A2 Youyou Cong, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan


Questions and contact
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Please contact the PC Chair ([Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour]) for any questions.


[Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour] 


Timere 0.1.3 - Dealing with time and time zones has never been easier
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Darren announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Timere 0.2.1 has landed!

  This release adds nanosecond precision support to timere (and
  fractional second support at various places), along with other small
  improvements.


Release of `multipart_form.0.2.0'
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the release of [`multipart_form']. Throughout
  the development of [mrmime], we have gained a thorough knowledge of
  the RFCs about email. However, these RFCs also describe mechanisms
  that are found in HTTP/1.1.


[`multipart_form'] 

[mrmime] 

Genesis
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  More specifically, a lot of work has been done on [RFC 2045] & [RFC
  2046] (see [RFC 7578 =C2=A7 4]) which describe the `multipart' format
  (found in emails and in `HTTP/1.{0,1}' requests when serializing a
  `
').

  From this work (~ 2 years), we decided to extract the parts allowing
  to manipulate a `multipart/form-data' content for `HTTP/1.{0,1}'
  responses (plus [RFC 2183]). This resulted in the creation of
  `multipart_form'.

  This project is a cross between what many users have been waiting for
  (for [CoHTTP] and [http/af]), a knowledge of what exists and its
  limitations, and finally a development in the spirit of MirageOS.

  The result is an API that is _"full stream"_. Indeed. a question arose
  from the beginning, how to manipulate this format while:
  =E2=80=A2 not having access to a file system (MirageOS)
  =E2=80=A2 not exploding memory usage for file uploads


[RFC 2045] 

[RFC 2046] 

[RFC 7578 =C2=A7 4] 

[RFC 2183] 

[CoHTTP] 

[http/af] 


Memory bound implementation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  With the help of @Armael and the [`memtrace'] tool, we were able to
  implement and extend `multipart_form' so that it is easier to use and
  really ensures our original assumption about memory consumption.

  So we experimented with use cases like uploading very large
  files. Here is the result that `memtrace' gives us with a 100Mb file:

  

  The application tries to save the games in files. We use [opium] (and
  thus http/af) but tests were also done with CoHTTP. The code is
  available [here] for people who want to reproduce.


[`memtrace']


[opium] 

[here]



Documentation & encoding
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Finally, a major effort has been made in the documentation to explain
  in detail how to use `multipart_form'. Version `0.2.0' also adds a way
  to produce a `multipart/form-data' document (experimental) with the
  same constraints on memory usage.

  I hope this work will be useful to a lot of people. The documentation
  is available [here].


[here]



Engineer position for the development of the Squirrel prover
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


David Baelde announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are looking for an engineer to support the development of Squirrel,
  an interactive theorem prover for security protocols. The position
  will be funded by ERC POPSTAR. You may find more details here:

  

  Skilled OCaml developers would be most welcome!


Martin Jambon presentation on Semgrep, Wed April 21 @ 7pm Central
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Claude Jager-Rubinson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please join us this coming Wednesday at 7pm Central when @mjambon will
  talk about Semgrep, an open-source ployglot static analysis tool
  written in OCaml.

  Details and connection info are available at [Houston Functional
  Programmers].


[Houston Functional Programmers] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 13 to 20, 2021.









Preface (initial release)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-preface-initial-release/7669/1








Xavier Van de Woestyne announced





Hello, @d-plaindoux  and @pytre  and I are very happy to present Preface=
, a project that has occupied part of our
free time for almost 2 years. We received a lot of help from various people=
 (as mentioned in the
CREDITS page), including some present
on this forum (@gasche, @octachron and @snowleopard)







Preface is an opinionated library designed to facilitate the handling of re=
curring functional programming idioms in
OCaml. Many of the design decisions were =
made in an attempt to calibrate, as best as possible,
to the OCaml language. Trying to get the most out of the module language. <=
b>The name "preface" is a nod to
"Prelude" .












About the project, and motivation





When learning functional programming, one is often confronted with construc=
ts derived (or not) from category theory.
Languages such as Haskell offer very complete libraries to use them, and th=
us, facilitate their learning. In OCaml,
it often happens that these abstractions are buried in the heart of certain=
 libraries/projects
(Lwt, Cmdliner,
Bonsai, Dune etc.). This is why one of the objectives
of Preface is to propose tools for concretising these abstractions, at leas=
t as a pedagogical tool.










Is Preface useful





Since OCaml allows for efficient imperative programming, Preface is probabl=
y not really useful for building software.
However, we (the maintainers) think that Preface can be useful for a few th=
ings:




    

  • technical experimentation with abstractions (especially those from the =
Haskell world) that allow programming in a fun style.
    • 

  • As an educational tool. Many teaching aids generally only offer the min=
imal interfaces to these abstractions. Preface tries to be as complete as p=
ossible.
    • 

  • It was a lot of fun to make. The last point is obviously the lightest b=
ut building Preface was really fun! So even if some people won't see the po=
int… we had fun making it!
    • 





Let's imagine this scenario! Oh, there's this article that seems to describ=
e quite precisely how to solve this
complex problem, elegantly, using this collection of abstracti=
ons. After reading, the article is clear and I know
how to use this collection of abstractions in practice. I woul=
d like to test it. Not having enough RAM to install
Cabal, I decided to do it in OCaml. But as one abstraction leads to another=
, I am obliged to build an armada of
things and I abandon my experimentation.





So now, rather than doing it, locally, for the understanding of an article,=
 I add it in Preface.










Additional links





The README is quite =
expansive on motivations and some design choices, but
we have tried to add some concrete guides:






And in addition here is a project, by a friend of ours, that uses Preface, =
to build static blog generators (very
original isn't it :P), the code is highly documented and can be an entry po=
int into how to use it: G=
ithub repository
of the project










Conclusion





Preface does not offer much that is new, but we have tried to make it user-=
friendly and to document as much as
possible the code and design choices. It's a lot of fun to build… an=
d it will probably be just as much fun to
maintain.





We are extremely open to contributions and feedback.





And my last words will be a warm thank you to the OCaml ecosystem that has =
facilitated so much of our development:
Testing with Alcotest an=
d QCheck is a
pleasure. Dune  is a fast and pleasant b=
uild system. ODoc has
allowed us to have more control over the generation of documentation, espec=
ially with the @inline comment (on
includes) which allows signatures from different modules to be merged. And
MDX which I did not k=
now at all and which is used extensively for guides.





I hope you can find interest in this project! Good luck with the rest of th=
e containment (for those concerned).

















OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2021





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-users-and-developer=
s-workshop-2021/7673/1








Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour announced





It is my pleasure to invite submissions to the OCaml Users and Developers W=
orkshop 2021, which is again co-located
with ICFP and will be held virtually this year.





The OCaml Users and Developers Workshop brings together industrial users of=
 OCaml with academics and hackers who are
working on extending the language, type system, and tools. Previous edition=
s have been co-located with ICFP 2012 in
Copenhagen, ICFP 2013 in Boston, ICFP 2014 in Gothenburg, ICFP 2015 in Vanc=
ouver, ICFP 2016 in Nara, ICFP 2017 in
Oxford, ICFP 2018 in St Louis, ICFP 2019 in Berlin, and was virtual for ICF=
P 2020, following the OCaml Meetings in
Paris in 2010 and 2011.










Important dates




    

  • Thursday 20th May (any time zone): Abstract submission deadline
    • 

  • Friday 18th July: Author notification
    • 

  • Friday 27th August: OCaml Workshop
    • 










Scope





Presentations and discussions focus on the OCaml programming language and i=
ts community. We aim to solicit talks on
all aspects related to improving the use or development of the language and=
 its programming environment, including,
for example (but not limited to):




    

  • compiler developments, new backends, runtime and architectures
    • 

  • practical type system improvements, such as GADTs, first-class modules,=
 generic programming, or dependent types
    • 

  • new library or application releases, and their design rationales
    • 

  • tools and infrastructure services, and their enhancements
    • 

  • prominent industrial or experimental uses of OCaml, or deployments in u=
nusual situations.
    • 










Presentations





Presentations will be held in the online format. Each presentation comprise=
 a prerecorded presentation and an
interactive live Q&A session after the talk. Each talk will be re-trans=
lated three times in different time zones.
Session chairs and volunteers will assist the authors in preparing and cast=
ing the presentation. Each presentation
will be made available through the ocaml.org website.










Submission





To submit a presentation, please register a description of the talk (about =
2 pages long) at
https://ocaml2021.hotcrp.com/=
 providing a clear statement of what will be provided by the presentation: =
the problems
that are addressed, the solutions or methods that are proposed.





LaTeX-produced PDFs are a common and welcome submission format. For accessi=
bility purposes, we ask PDF submitters to
also provide the sources of their submission in a textual format, such as .=
tex sources. Reviewers may read either the
submitted PDF or the text version.










Camera ready presentations





A pre-recorded versions of accepted presentation shall be provided before A=
ugust, 13th. Volunteers will provide
technical assistance to authors as well as provide necessary feedback and e=
nsure that all videos match our quality
standards.










ML family workshop





The ML family workshop, held on the previous day, deals with general issues=
 of the ML-style programming and type
systems, focuses on more research-oriented work that is less specific to a =
language in particular. There is an
overlap between the two workshops, and we have occasionally transferred pre=
sentations from one to the other in the
past. Authors who feel their submission fits both workshops are encouraged =
to mention it at submission time and/or
contact the Program Chairs.










Program Commitee




    

  • Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour, Tarides, France
    • 

  • Cristina Rosu, Janestreet, UK
    • 

  • Hakjoo Oh, Korea University, Korea
    • 

  • Hugo Heuzard, Janestreet, UK
    • 

  • Jeffrey A. Scofield, Formalsim, USA
    • 

  • Jonathan Protzenko, MSR, USA
    • 

  • Joris Giovanangeli, Ahrefs, Singapore
    • 

  • Jun	Furuse, Dailambda, Japan
    • 

  • Kihong Heo, KAIST, Korea
    • 

  • Kate Deplaix, OCaml Labs, UK
    • 

  • Medhi Bouaziz, Nomadic Labs, France
    • 

  • Simon Castellan, INRIA, France
    • 

  • Ryohei Tokuda, Idein, Japan
    • 

  • Vaivaswatha	Nagaraj, Zilliqa, India
    • 

  • Youyou Cong, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
    • 










Questions and contact





Please contact the PC Chair (F=
r=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour) for any questions.

















Timere 0.1.3 - Dealing with time and time zones has never been=
 easier





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/ann-timere-0-1-3-dealing-with-time-and-time-zones-has-never-been-easi=
er/7173/2








Darren announced





Timere 0.2.1 has landed!





This release adds nanosecond precision support to timere (and fractional se=
cond support at various places), along
with other small improvements.















Release of multipart_form.0.2.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-multipart-form-=
0-2-0/7704/1








Calascibetta Romain announced





I am pleased to announce the release of multipart_form. Throughout
the development of mrmime,=
 we have gained a thorough knowledge of the RFCs about
email. However, these RFCs also describe mechanisms that are found in HTTP/=
1.1.








Genesis





More specifically, a lot of work has been done on RFC 2045 & RFC
2046 (see RFC=
 7578 =C2=A7 4) which
describe the multipart format (found in emails and in HT=
TP/1.{0,1} requests when serializing a <form>).





>From this work (~ 2 years), we decided to extract the parts allowing to man=
ipulate a multipart/form-data content for
HTTP/1.{0,1} responses (plus RFC 2183). This resulted in the creation of
multipart_form.





This project is a cross between what many users have been waiting for (for
CoHTTP and http/af), a knowledge
of what exists and its limitations, and finally a development in the spirit=
 of MirageOS.





The result is an API that is "full stream"=
. Indeed. a question arose from the beginning, how to manipulate this
format while:



    

  • not having access to a file system (MirageOS)
    • 

  • not exploding memory usage for file uploads
    • 










Memory bound implementation





With the help of @Armael  and the memtrace tool,
we were able to implement and extend multipart_form so that it=
 is easier to use and really ensures our original
assumption about memory consumption.





So we experimented with use cases like uploading very large files. Here is =
the result that memtrace gives us with a
100Mb file:







3D"=







The application tries to save the games in files. We use opium (and thus
http/af) but tests were also done with CoHTTP. The code is available
here for people who want to reproduce.










Documentation & encoding





Finally, a major effort has been made in the documentation to explain in de=
tail how to use multipart_form. Version
0.2.0 also adds a way to produce a multipart/form-data document (experimental) with the same constraints on
memory usage.





I hope this work will be useful to a lot of people. The documentation is av=
ailable
here.

















Engineer position for the development of the Squirrel prover




Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-04/msg00022.html=









David Baelde announced





We are looking for an engineer to support the development of Squirrel, an
interactive theorem prover for security protocols. The position will be
funded by ERC POPSTAR. You may find more details here:





https://people.irisa.fr/Stephanie.Delaune/internship/suje=
t-engineer-squirrel.pdf





Skilled OCaml developers would be most welcome!















Martin Jambon presentation on Semgrep, Wed April 21 @ 7pm Cent=
ral





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mar=
tin-jambon-presentation-on-semgrep-wed-april-21-7pm-central/7709/1








Claude Jager-Rubinson announced





Please join us this coming Wednesday at 7pm Central when @mjambon  will tal=
k about Semgrep, an open-source ployglot
static analysis tool written in OCaml.





Details and connection info are available at =
Houston Functional Programmers.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 20 to 27, 2021.









docs.ocaml.pro : an OCaml Documentation Hub





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-docs-ocaml-pro-a=
n-ocaml-documentation-hub/7718/1








Fabrice Le Fessant announced





We are pleased to announce that we just published the first version
of the OCaml Documentation Hub on:





https://docs.ocaml.pro





The OCaml Documentation Hub can be used to browse the sources and
the documentations of more than 2000 opam packages, following links
between them when useful. This is a work-in-progress, and we are
working on improving it with many more features, such as source
annotations with types, full-text and type-driven searches,
improvements in the general readability of documentation, etc.





The site is generated using an open-source tool called digodoc,
available on:





https://github.com/OCamlPro=
/digodoc





Digodoc is able to build a map of an opam switch, with links between
files, opam packages, ocaml libraries, meta packages and ocaml
modules. It is also able to generate documentation using odoc with
cross-indexes between all these kinds of packages.





We welcome feedback and contributions!
Enjoy !











Simon Cruanes said and Anil Madhavapeddy added





Great work on this site, and I love the domain name as well ;-)







The cross linking between packages is fantastic.







As a bit of background on why documentation cross-linking has taken so long=
, there is a lonnnggg history intertwined
with many people's contributions to opam, build systems (ocamlbuild and dun=
e), conventions (findlib and odig) and of
course odoc itself.  The majo=
r milestones along the way have been:




    

  • odoc 1.0, first began in =
2014 as a quick project to pull together typing information from cmt[i] fil=
es, but which ran into the problem that it needs a consistent set of compil=
ed cmt files to actually work, and so needs help from external tools to pul=
l that set of compiled libraries together.
    • 

  • odig, which pulls toge=
ther multiple opam packages (and a filesystem layout for metadata) and runs=
 odoc on then. This allowed for the creation of https://docs.mirage.io a few years ago which cross-references a=
 smaller number of packages
    • 

  • opam-repo itself has had better and better bulk builds over the years t=
o ensure that we can actually automatically compile all the artefacts neede=
d for docs builds, thanks to efforts like health check and ocurrent.
    • 

  • odoc 2.0, which featured a multi-year rewrite of the OCaml module resolver and introduced a=
 new output IR.  Thi=
s forthcoming release was presented in this OCaml 2020 talk by @jonludlam.





And now with all these pieces in place, the OCaml documentation spring has =
arrived! The OCamlPro one posted here as
the first of the "new batch" of mass documentation indexers, and I'm aware =
of concurrent efforts by the
odoc/ocaml.org maintainer teams to push a central one out to ocaml.org, as =
well as by the MirageOS team who are
refreshing docs.mirage.io with the latest and greatest.  I'm sure when the =
dust has settled on all these indexers we
can look for common pieces, but for now it's lovely to see so much innovati=
on happening at pace.





For the community: now is the time to fix your docstrings in your libraries=
, as there will many cool tools parsing
and processing them, and rendering them into all kinds of output formats!





To the odoc c=
ontributors, thank you! The journey to get to this
documentation site started here seven years ago:




commit ef91571cab31d9ece7af965ed52eaaff57a12efc
Author: Leo White <lpw25@cl.cam.ac.uk>
Date:   Thu Oct 16 19:20:18 2014 +0100

    Initial commit





@lefessan one thing I'm not sure about in your site is the "copyright libra=
ry authors" claim. That's murky legal
ground – it's worth establishing if the odoc HTML has gone through a=
 compilation process and so is no longer
copyright the authors (just as a binary output is not copyright the origina=
l source code). If the output is
copyright the authors, then they have reasonable grounds to claim that you =
should also reproduce the copyright notice
and other license restrictions. Personally, I prefer to claim that there is=
 no copyright to the original authors in
odoc output, and sidestep this issue.











Fabrice Le Fessant replied





Thanks @avsm , all these projects were indeed important milestones towards =
the creation of this site. However, I
wouldn't want this history perspective to give the wrong feeling that build=
ing this site
was easy, it is the result of a very good, long and hard work by the team a=
t OCamlPro to make it work despite a road
paved with many obstacles. It also benefited from OCamlPro's long history of
innovative projects for the OCaml community, that lead for example in the p=
ast to Opam,
Try-OCaml,
Memprof/Memthol,
Opam-builder, Learn-OCaml, the
Typerex tools (ocp-indent, ocp-index, ocp-build, etc.) and more recently
opam-bin and drom.





As I said, this is a work-in-progress, and there are many features that we =
will be adding in the next months to make
this website much easier to navigate, for users to rapidely reach the infor=
mation that
matters for them. We hope it will be inspirational for all the other develo=
pers who are working on similar projects,
and we are looking forward to using their projects soon too!











Daniel B=C3=BCnzli said





I'd just like to stress that odig documents OCaml package inst=
alls regardless of the package manager used as long
the install structure follows these conventions (which are
automatically followed by dune installs) .





Also for people using my packages, I'd just like to mention they may miss i=
mportant documentation bits on
https://docs.ocaml.pro until that issue
is resolved.











Much later in the thread, Kiran Gopinathan said





It's not quite the same as hoogle, but merlin has a functionality to search=
 for functions by type signature - the
feature doesn't seem to get much attention apparently - probably the interf=
ace is a little lacking, but with some
extra elisp tuning, it can work quite smoothly:







3D"3c2d1c63fac7=













Yawar Amin then added





The command line for this:




ocamlmerlin single search-by-polarity -position 0 -query '-int +string'





(To search for values of type int -> string.)















Decompress 1.4.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-decompress-1-4-0/7724/1








Charles Edouard Lecat announced








Greetings everyone,





I am happy to announce the new release of decompress
1.4.0, available for installation via OPAM. Decompress is
a library containing a pure OCaml implementation of several compression alg=
orithms:



    

  • RFC1951
    • 

  • Zlib
    • 

  • Gzip
    • 

  • LZO
    • 





It's goal is to provide several algorithms for both the inflation and the d=
eflation of objects, in the form of a
stream API allowing to call the chosen algorithm one bit at a time. Such be=
havior allows for an easy use of
decompress in situations where we would not be able to have the input in on=
e go, or where we would like to output the
result in a non blocking way. This new release comes with several improveme=
nts to the documentation and bug fixes,
but even more, with a whole new implementation for the rfc 1951 and zlib al=
gorithms.










Non-stream implementation for rfc 1951 and zlib





Up to this day, decompress was used in several projects like ocaml-git. How=
ever, as time passed by, it appeared that
in some cases, the current implementation of decompress was not the optimal=
 solution:
As useful as a stream implementation is, it requires to save a lot of infor=
mation about the state of the compression,
in order to resume it once we have enough input.





This is why, in some cases where we would be sure that we have our whole in=
put in one go, we might want to avoid all
of these side-costs, and directly go to the point.








State of the art: libdeflate





This new problematic in mind, we have started thinking about the existing i=
mplementations of these algorithms which
were also bypassing the stream behavior. One implementation that proved to =
be a suitable example for our problem, was
the library libdeflate, an implementation in C. It's main adva=
ntages being: a better compression ratio than zlib
and with faster runtime.





It was used as the solid base for the OCaml implementation provided by this=
 new release.










OCaml version of libdeflate, performances and use cas=
es





Inheriting the logic of libdeflate, the new implementation now has a better=
 compression ratio, while being slightly
faster at it. On the other side, the decompression is way faster, with 33% of speed increase in most tested cases:
On the ~book2 (from the Calgary corpus) file:



    

  • decompress (stream): 15 Mb/s (deflation), 76 Mb/s (inflati=
on), ratio: 42.46 %
    • 

  • decompress (non-stream): 17 Mb/s (deflation), 105 Mb/s (in=
flation), ratio: 34.66 %
    • 





Now that this is in place, the users of decompress will be able to choose b=
etween the two versions, according to
their needs. In the case of ocaml-git, the vast majority of the git objects=
 are small and will be compressed in one
go. This is why we updated with the new implementation when possible.










Writing optimized code and profiling it





One of the biggest concerns of this release was to be able to produce optim=
ized code. The base code being coded in C,
a lot of sub-optimal behavior where ported in the OCaml version: for<=
/code> and while loops, references everywhere,
mixes of struct and union., it needed a lot of cl=
ean up.





This is why once the main iteration was done, we have spent several weeks p=
rofiling the code base, using the OCaml
library landmarks, flamegraph or simply the linux=
 binary perf. This work, sometimes tedious, proved to be
helpful and healthy for both the harmonization of the code and it's perform=
ances.










Decompress & MirageOS





Compression algorithms are a really important piece in many projects, and o=
perating systems do not avoid this.
decompress was coded from the start with the idea of being use=
d in the much larger project MirageOS.





This release is another opportunity to broaden MirageOS=E2=80=99s reach, by=
 providing one more algorithm to it=E2=80=99s stack,
allowing us to specialise even more the unikernels that would have a need f=
or inflation/deflation algorithms. This
more restrictive implementation, as we need to have the whole input in one =
go, will allow us to take advantage of the
situation and give more flexibility for the user.





The positive aspects of this release will most likely show up soon enough, =
as we make use of decompress to its full
potential



















elliptic curves - maintainable and verified (full stack, from =
primitives to TLS)





Archive: https://discus=
s.ocaml.org/t/ann-elliptic-curves-maintainable-and-verified-full-stack-from=
-primitives-to-tls/7729/1








Hannes Mehnert announced





over the last month I worked on upgrading the cryptography stack for OCaml =
and MirageOS. I just published a blog
post. Enhancments of O=
Caml-TLS (usenix
security paper from 2015) and X.509 are in place.





The main achievement after TLS 1.3 support (since May 2020, 0.12.0) is that=
 elliptic curve certificates are now
supported. Elliptic curve cryptography uses fiat. The X509 implementation
now supports PKCS 12 (used by browsers and other software (e.g. OpenVPN) to=
 bundle certificates and private keys).





Get mirage-crypto-ec, x509 0.13.0 and tls 0.13.1 (all available in the opam=
-repository). Discussion and feedback
appreciated.















First release of Docteur, an opiniated read-only file-system f=
or MirageOS





Archive: https://discuss.o=
caml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-docteur-an-opiniated-read-only-file-system-=
for-mirageos/7743/1








Calascibetta Romain announced





I'm glad to announce the first release of docteur, a simple tool to make and use (in=
 read-only) a
"file-system" for MirageOS. As you know,=
 with MirageOS, we don't have sockets, kernel space or even
file-descriptor. It's not possible to mani=
pulate files standalonely and many primitives commonly available with
the unix module don't exists in our space.





Therefore, it is difficult to imagine making a website that displays local =
files or a database system. But in our
spirit of separation of services, it becomes possible for your unikernel to=
 communicate over the network to a "file
system" or a database.





For quite some time we have been experimenting with a file system external =
to our unikernel called Git. This is the
case of pasteur which saves the pastes in a Git repository. It is also the case of <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/roburio/unipi">unipi or
Canopy which display the co=
ntent of a Git repository and can resynchronize with it using a hook. Or the
case of our primary =
DNS server whose zone file comes from a Git repository - we can then tr=
ace all
the changes on this file.





However, we have several limitations:



    

  1. it requires the Git repository to load into memory in your unikernel

  2. it requires a communication (external with GitHub or internal in a priv=
ate network)
    3. 





The persistent aspect is very important. We should always be able to launch=
 a unikernel and not lose the data if our
system shuts down.





The mutable aspect (modify a file) is useful in some cases but not in other=
s. As for unipi for example (a simple
static web site), the difference between resynchronizing with a hook or res=
tarting the unikernel with a new version
of your filesystem is minor.








Docteur as a second solution





This is where Doctor comes in. It solves both of our problems by offering t=
he generation of a file system from
scratch:



    

  • a Git repository (local or available on a service)
    • 

  • a specific folder
    • 





Doctor is able to create a complete representation of a folder and to compr=
ess it at such a ratio that a generation
of the documentation of several OPAM packages with all their versions makin=
g 14 Gb is reduced to an image of only 280
Mb!





Such a high compression ratio is in particular due to a double level of com=
pression by decompre=
ss and
duff. For more =
details, Docteur just generates a slightly modified PACK file with carton.





Then, Docteur proposes a simple library which makes available 2 ways to man=
ipulate this image for your unikernel:



    

  1. a way that is fast but with a consequent boot time
    2. 

  2. a slower way but with no cost to the boot time
    3. 





The first way will simply "analyze" the image to re-extract the layout of y=
our file system. Then it uses the ART
data-structure to save this layout. So, whenever you want a specific fi=
le and according to ART benchmarks, you have access to the content very quickly.





The problem remains the analysis which takes place at boot time and which c=
an take a very long time (it depends
essentially on the number of files you have). There can also be an impact o=
n memory usage as the ART data structure
is in memory - the more files there are, the bigger the structure is.





The second method is more "silly". Each time you request a file, we will ha=
ve to rebuild the entire path and
therefore deserialize several objects (like folders). The advantage is that=
 we don't analyze the image and we don't
try to maintain a layout of your file system.










Example





Docteur is meant to be simple. The generation of the image is done very sim=
ply by the command make:





$ docteur.make -b refs/heads/main https://gith=
ub.com/dinosaure/docteur disk.img
$ docteur.make -b refs/heads/main git@github.com:dinosaure/docteur disk.img
$ docteur.make -b refs/heads/main git://github.com/dinosaure/docteur disk.i=
mg
$ docteur.make -b refs/heads/main file://$(=
pwd)/dev/docteur disk.img







Then, Docteur proposes 2 supports: Unix & Solo5. For Unix, you just have to name explicitly the ima=
ge file
to use. For the case of Solo5 (and thus of virtualization). You just have t=
o find a name for a "block device" and to
reuse this name with the Solo5 "tender" specifying where the image is.





$ cd unikernel
$ mirage configure -t unix --disk disk.img
$ make depends
$ mirage build
$ ./simple --filename README.md








$ cd unikernel
$ mirage configure -t hvt --disk docteur
$ make depends
$ mirage build
$ solo5-hvt --block:docteur=3Ddisk.i=
mg -- simple.hvt --filename README.md







Finally, Docteur proposes another tool that checks (and analyzes) an image =
to give you the version of the commit used
(if the image comes from a Git repository) or the hash of your file system =
produced by the calculation of a Merkle tree.





$ docteur.verify disk.img
commit  : ad8c418635ca6683177c7ff3b583e1ea5afea78f
author  : "Calascibetta Romain" <romain.calascibetta@gmai=
l.com>
root    : bea10b6874f51e3f6feb1f9bcf3939933b2c4540

Merge pull request #11 from dinosaure/fix-tree-expanding

Fix how we expand our file-system












Conclusion





Many times people ask me for a purpose in MirageOS such as a website or a p=
articular service. I think that Docteur
shows one essential thing about MirageOS, it is a tool and an ecosystem. Bu=
t it's not an endpoint that is concretized
in a specific application.





Docteur is not THE solution to our problems and answers a specific use case=
. What is important to note is not what
Docteur does but the possibility for our ecosystem and our tools to allow t=
he development of Docteur. As it allows
the development of a trillion applications!





As such, I say to those people to "play" with MirageOS if they want to lear=
n more. Our goal is not to show you
applications that you could then deploy easily (even if we are working on t=
his aspect too) but to give you the
possibility to imagine your OS (independently from our vision)!





And if you try, we'll be happy to help you!

















Ocaml-solidity, a new OCaml library for Solidity





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-solidity-a-n=
ew-ocaml-library-for-solidity/7746/1








OCamlPro announced





We are pleased to announce our new OCaml library, ocaml-solidity !
Ocaml-solidity i=
s a program manipulation library that provides a
Solidity parser and typechecker.





Our library is made for developers on Solidity code analysis, it builds a t=
ypechecked AST that can be analyzed with a
provided visitor. Please note that our parser and typecheck conforms mostly=
 to Solidity 0.7, inline assembly is not
supported. Take a look at our documentation.





You can test it and report bugs just here!















Migrating to floatarray (blog post)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/migrating-to-floatarray-blog-pos=
t/7749/1








Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r announced





At LexiFi we recently migrated our codebase to use floatarray =
in place of float array in order to disable the
"flat float array" mode in the compiler. If you are interested in finding o=
ut more about how we did it, we wrote a
blog post about it https://www.lexifi.com/blog/ocaml/floatarray-migration/. En=
joy!















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 27 to May 04, 2021.









Ocaml-solidity, a new OCaml library for Solidity





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-solidity-a-new-ocaml-library-for-solidity/7746/2








Continuing the thread from last week, Fabrice Le Fessant announced





I should add that the project is now available in the opam-repository, see
solidity-parser and
solidity-typechecker.















Release of ocaml-pandoc 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-ocaml-pandoc-0-1-0/7759/1








Samuel Mimram announced





I have just released ocaml-pandoc, a native OCaml library to write filters
for pandoc, which is a markdown-to-anything converter. It has allowed me to write some simple
filters I needed (such as for including code snippets, which is not supported natively).





The support is not complete yet however, I might add more if needed (and pull-requests are of course accepted
:slight_smile:).
















Stdlib vs Containers vs Batteries vs Base : Core functions comparison





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/stdlib-vs-containers-vs-batteries-vs-base-core-functions-comparison/7766/1








Jp R announced





You want to compare the main core functions found in the OCaml Stdlib (v4.12.0), Containers (v3.3), Batteries
(v3.3.0) and Base (v0.14.1) libraries ?





Check it out !





https://github.com/Fourchaux/ocaml-stdlib-containers-batteries-base-comparisons











Vladimir Keleshev then added





Someone reading this might be also interested in my (less formal) comparison between OCaml Stdlib and Base:
https://gist.github.com/keleshev/764edad011a6a7a40da11716b19ddb75















Martin Jambon presentation on Semgrep, Wed April 21 @ 7pm Central





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/martin-jambon-presentation-on-semgrep-wed-april-21-7pm-central/7709/5








Claude Jager-Rubinson announced





The recording of Martin's talk is now available:
https://hfpug.org/2021/05/01/martin-jambon-9-languages-how-we-built-semgrep-a-polyglot-static-analysis-tool/











Martin Jambon then added





Thanks Claude! The talk starts at 1:45.











Ryan Slade then said





Comby may also be of interest, it's a similar project also written in OCaml.















ocaml-lsp-server 1.6.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-server-1-6-0/7774/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the ocaml-lsp team, I'd like to announce version 1.6.0 of ocaml-lsp-server. The highlight of this
release is the updated version of merlin which brings lots of new bug fixes.








1.6.0 (04/30/2020)








Features




    

  • Code action to annotate a value with its type (#397)
    • 










Fixes




    

  • Fix interface/implementation switching on Windows (#427)
    • 


  • Correctly parse project paths with spaces and other special characters that
must be escaped.
    • 


  • Print types with -short-paths even if the project wasn't built yet
    • 



















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 04 to 11, 2021.









Software engineer position at LexiFi (Paris)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-software-engine=
er-position-at-lexifi-paris/7782/1








Alain Frisch announced





LexiFi is hiring! We are looking for=
 a fully-time software engineer to join our core
development team. The vast majority of our stack is implemented in OCaml, a=
nd we have plenty of exciting projects on
a wide range of topics.





More info on =
https://www.lexifi.com/careers/software_engineer/















Open source editor for iOS, iPadOS and macOS





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/open-source-editor-fo=
r-ios-ipados-and-macos/7624/15








Continuing this thread, Nathan Fallet announced





Just updated the editor, I redesigned the macOS version, and it just looks =
better and more native







3D=







What are your first impressions on it?















Backend developer position at Issuu (Copenhagen)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-backend-dev=
eloper-position-at-issuu-copenhagen/7793/1








Dario Teixeira announced





We are looking for a Backend Developer with experience in machine learning =
– and preferably also OCaml! – to join
our Research & Development team. You will help build machine learning r=
esearch prototypes and be responsible for
integrating them into new and existing products.





At Issuu, we use OCaml extensively in our production systems. If you love O=
Caml and functional programming in
general, Issuu is a great place to put your passion into real-world product=
s!





Please find more information about this position at the following link:
https://jobs.lever.co/issuu/f502cb20-b216-4c67-8357-d748e1b35178











Anentropic asked and Dario Teixeira replied







I would love to hear more about your OCaml backend stack







Well, we love to talk about our OCaml stack! :slightly_smiling_face:





We rely on the Jane Street ecosystem a lot, using Core as a Stdlib replacem=
ent and Async for monadic concurrency.





AMQP forms the backbone of our messaging system, and therefore we use
amqp-client ex=
tensively.





We use both MySQL and Postgresql databases in production. For the former we=
 use
ppx_mysql, and for the l=
atter,
PGOCaml. (Thanks t=
o Docker, we can give PGOCaml compile-time access to
the DB without having to depend on the actual production DB.)





We currently use Protobuf for serialisation, but spend a great amount of ti=
me complaining about it. We rely on
ocaml-protoc-plugi=
n to generate the OCaml code from Protobuf
definitions.





Anyway, that's just the basics of our stack. Do let me know if there's some=
thing else you'd like to know in more
detail!











roddy asked and Dario Teixeira replied







Do you use Protobuf for interop with non-OCaml systems? If not, I'm curious=
 about whether you've considered
bi=
n_prot as an alternative; it seems like an obvious
choice if you're using Core/Async.







Yes, we use Protobuf mainly because we have a heterogeneous stack, where be=
sides OCaml we also have services running
Python, Kotlin, or Elixir.











Tim McGilchrist asked and Dario Teixeira







I'm curious about how you structure the business code (for want of a better=
 word), in between the technical layers of
talking to AMQP or an SQL store. Are there larger scale patterns like CQRS =
or DDD that you use to organise code?







How do you package up code for deployment? Docker / AWS something.
We're slowly migrating to a micro-service architecture (the pros and cons o=
f which are outside the scope of this
thread; that's a can of worms I'd rather not open…) whose cast of ch=
aracters includes "entities" (responsible for
storing/retrieving data from DBs), generic backend services that encapsulat=
e business logic, frontend services, and
backend-for-frontend services.





We're using Docker for deployment on AWS (mostly), and slowly migrating fro=
m Docker Swarm to Kubernetes.















25 years of OCaml





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/25-years-of-ocaml/7813/1








Xavier Leroy announced





25 years ago, on May 9th 1996, release 1.00 of the Objective Caml language =
and system was announced:
https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/1996-05/msg00003.html





It was already the consolidation of many years of work, integrating J=C3=A9=
r=C3=B4me Vouillon and Didier R=C3=A9my's work on objects
and classes within Caml Special Light, itself a combination of my work on m=
odules and native-code compilation with
earlier code taken from Caml Light, especially Damien Doligez's GC.





Little did I know that O(bjective) Caml would still be there 25 years later!





A lot happened during this time, including several major evolutions of the =
language, and, much more importantly, the
emergence of a community of users and an ecosystem of tools and libraries. =
 But maybe this was just the beginning for
something even bigger?  We'll see…





Happy birthday, OCaml!











David Allsopp replied





Most pleasingly, with a very small number of patches, the Windows port still =
works in Visual Studio 2019:






C:\Birthday>ocaml.exe
        Objectiv=
e Caml version 1.00

#print_endline "Happy 25th Birthday, OCaml!";;
Happy 25t=
h Birthday, OCaml<=
span style=3D"color: #a52a2a;">!
- : unit =3D ()
##quit;;

C:\Birthday>type hooray.ml
let rec hip_hip n =3D
  if n > 0 then
    let () =3D pr=
int_endline "hip hip! hooray!" in
    hip_hip (pred n)

let () =3D hip_hi=
p 25
C:\Birthday>oca=
mlopt -o hooray.exe hooray.ml

C:\Birthday>hoo=
ray
hip hip! hooray!
...













On the OCaml Maling List, Roberto Di Cosmo also repli=
ed





Long live OCaml!





Thanks Xavier, and to all the brilliant minds that contributed to the evolu=
tion
and adoption of this beautiful language, and system, in this past quarter o=
f a century.





If I may add a personal note, one truly remarkable fact is that some rather
complex code written in 1998 using OCaml 1.07 [1] could be compiled and run=
 last
year using OCaml 4.x without modifications: the only visible changes=
 were the
new warnings spotting potential issues in the code, thanks to the many
improvements to the compiler over time.





For the curious, all the details are here: https://www.dicosmo.org/Articles/2020-ReSc=
ienceC.pdf





Cheers





Roberto





[1] that was the first version including support for marshalling closures,
added in a fantastic one week-spring in Pisa exactly for this code :-)















OCaml compiler development newsletter, issue 1: before May 202=
1





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocam=
l-compiler-development-newsletter-issue-1-before-may-2021/7831/1








gasche announced





I'm happy to introduce the first issue of the "OCaml compiler development n=
ewsletter". I asked frequent contributors
to the OCaml compiler codebase to write a small burb on what they have been=
 doing recently, in the interest of
sharing more information on what people are interested in, looking at and w=
orking on.





This is by no means exhaustive: many people didn't end up having the time t=
o write something, and it's fine. But
hopefully this can give a small window on development activity related to t=
he OCaml compiler, structured differently
from the endless stream of Pull Requests on the compiler codebase.





(This initiative is inspired by the excellent Multicore newsletter. Please =
don't expect that it will be as polished
or consistent :yo-yo: .)





Note:




    

  • Feel free of course to comment or ask questions, but I don't know if th=
e people who wrote a small blurb will be looking at the thread, so no promi=
ses.
    • 


  • If you have been working on the OCaml compiler and want to say somethin=
g, please feel free to post! If you would like me to get in touch next time=
 I prepare a newsletter issue (some random point in the future), please let=
 me know by email at (gabriel.scherer at gmail).
    • 








@dra27 (David Allsopp)





Compiler relocation patches now exist. There's still a few left to write, a=
nd they need splitting into reviewable
PRs, but the core features are working. A compiler installation can be copi=
ed to a new location and still work,
meaning that local switches in opam may in theory be renamed and, more impo=
rtantly, we can cache previously-built
compilers in an opam root to allow a new switch's compiler to be a copy. Th=
is probably won't be reviewed in time for
4.13, although it's intended that once merged opam-repository will carry ba=
ck-ports to earlier compilers.





A whole slew of scripting pain has lead to some possible patches to reduce =
the use of scripts in the compiler build
to somewhat closer to none.





FlexDLL bootstrap has been completely overhauled, reducing build time consi=
derably. This will be in 4.13
(#10135)










@nojb (Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)





I am working on #1015=
9, which enables debug information in
-output-complete-exe binaries. It uses incbin under Unix-like system
and some other method under Windows.










@gasche (Gabriel Scherer)





I worked on bringing more PRs to a decision (merge or close). The number of=
 open PRs has gone from 220-ish to 180,
which feels nice.





I have also contributed to @Ekdohibs' project camlboot, which is a
"bootstrap-free" implementation of OCaml able to compile the OCaml compiler=
 itself. It currently targets OCaml 4.07
for various reasons. We were able to do a full build of the OCaml compiler,=
 and check that the result produces
bootstrap binaries that coincide with upstream bootstraps. This gives extre=
mely strong confidence that the OCaml
bootstrap is free from "trusting trust" attacks. For more details, see our =
draft
paper.








with @Octachron (Florian Angeletti)





I worked with Florian Angeletti on deprecating certain command-line warning=
-specifier sequences, to avoid usability
issues with (new in 4.12) warning names. Before -w -partial-match disables warning 4, but -w -partial is
interpreted as the sequence w -p -w a -w r -w t -w i -w a -w l=
, most of which are ignored but -w a silences all
warnings. Now multi-letter sequences of  "unsigned" specifiers (-p is signed, a is unsigned) are deprecated. (We
first deprecated all unsigned specifiers, but Leo White tested the result a=
nd remarked that -w A is common, so now
we only warn on multi-letter sequences of unsigned specifiers.





I am working with @Octachron (Florian Angeletti) on grouping signature item=
s when traversing module signatures. Some
items are "ghost items" that are morally attached in a "main item"; the cod=
e mostly ignores this and this creates
various bugs in corner cases. This is work that Florian started in Septembe=
r 2019 with
#8929, to fix a bu=
g in the reprinting of signatures. I only started
reviewing in May-September 2020 and we decided to do sizeable changes, he s=
plit it in several smaller changes in
January 2021 and we merged it in April 2021. Now we are looking are fixing =
other bugs with his code
(#9774, #10385). Just this
week Florian landed a nice PR fixing several distinct issues related to sig=
nature item grouping:
#10401.












@xavierleroy (Xavier Leroy)





I fixed #10339, a=
 mysterious crash on the new Macs with "Apple silicon".
This was due to a ARM (32 and 64 bits)-specific optimization of array bound=
 checking, which was not taken into
account by the platform-independent parts of the back-end, leading to incor=
rect liveness analysis and wrong register
allocation.  #10354 fixes this by informing the platform-independent
parts of the back-end that some platform-specific instructions can raise.  =
In passing, it refactors similar code that
was duplicating platform-independent calculations (of which instructions ar=
e pure) in platform-dependent files.





I spent quality time with the Jenkins continuous integration system at Inri=
a, integrating a new Mac Mini M1.  For
unknown reasons, Jenkins ran the CI script in x86-64 emulation mode, so we =
were building and testing an x86-64
version of OCaml instead of the intended ARM64 version.  A bit of scripting=
 later (8b1bc01c3) and voil=C3=A0, arm64-macos
is properly tested as part of our CI.





Currently, I'm reading the "safe points" proposal by Sadiq Jaffer
(#10039) and the =
changes on top of this proposed by Damien Doligez.
It's a necessary step towards Multicore OCaml, so we really need to move fo=
rward on this one.  It's a nontrivial
change involving a new static analysis and a number of tweaks in every code=
 emitter, but things are starting to look
good here.










@mshinwell (Mark Shinwell)





I did a first pass of review on the safe points PR (#10039) and
significantly simplified the proposed backend changes.  I've also been invo=
lved in discussions about a new
function-level attribute to cause an error if safe points (including alloca=
tions) might exist within a function's
body, to make code that currently assumes this robust.  There will be a des=
ign document for this coming in due
course.





I fixed the random segfaults that were occurring on the RISC-V Inria CI wor=
ker
(#10349).





In Flambda 2 land we spent two person-days debugging a problem relating to =
Infix_tag!  We discovered that the code in
OCaml 4.12 onwards for traversing GC roots in static data ("caml_globals") =
is not correct if any of the roots are
closures.  This arises in part because the new compaction code (#9728)
has a hidden invariant: it must not see any field of a static data root mor=
e than once (not even via an Infix_tag).
As far as we know, these situations do not arise in the existing compiler, =
although we may propose a patch to guard
against them.  They arise with Flambda 2 because in order to compile static=
ally-allocated inconstant closures (ones
whose environment is partially or wholly computed at runtime) we register c=
losures directly as global roots, so we
can patch their environments later.










@garrigue (Jacques Garrigue)





I have been working on a number of PRs fixing bugs in the type system, whic=
h are now merged:



    

  • #10277 fixes =
a theoretical bug in the principality of GADT type inference (#10383 applies only in -princi=
pal mode)
    • 

  • #10308 fixes =
an interaction between local open in patterns and the new syntax for introd=
ucing existential type variables
    • 

  • #10322 is an =
internal change using a normal reference inside of a weak one for backtrack=
ing; the weak reference was an optimization when backtracking was a seldom =
used feature, and was not useful anymore
    • 

  • #10344 fixes =
a bug in the delaying of the evaluation of optional arguments
    • 

  • #10347 cleans=
 up some code in the unification algorithm, after a strengthening of univer=
sal variable scoping
    • 

  • #10362 fixes =
a forgotten normalization in the type checking algorithm
    • 





Some are still in progress:



    

  • #10348 improv=
es the way expansion is done during unification, to avoid some spurious GAD=
T related ambiguity errors
    • 

  • #10364 change=
s the typing of the body of the cases of pattern-matchings, allowing to war=
n in some non-principal situations; it also uncovered a number of principal=
ity related bugs inside the the type-checker
    • 





Finally, I have worked with Takafumi Saikawa (@t6s) on making the represent=
ation of types closer to its logical
meaning, by ensuring that one always manipulate a normalized view in
#10337 (large cha=
nge, evaluation in progress).










@let-def (Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour)





For some time, I have been working on new approaches to generate error mess=
ages from a Menhir parser.





My goal at the beginning was to detect and produce a precise message for th=
e =E2=80=98let ;=E2=80=99 situation:





let x =3D 5;
let y =3D 6
let z =3D 7






LR detects an error at the third =E2=80=98let=E2=80=99 which is technically=
 correct, although we would like to point the user at the
=E2=80=98;=E2=80=99 which might be the root cause of the error. This goal h=
as been achieved, but the prototype is far from being
ready for production.





The main idea to increase the expressiveness and maintainability of error c=
ontext identification is to use a flavor
of regular expressions.
The stack of a parser defines a prefix of a sentential form. Our regular ex=
pressions are matched against it. Internal
details of the automaton does not leak (no reference to states), the regula=
r language is defined by the grammar
alone.
With appropriate tooling, specific situations can be captured by starting f=
rom a coarse expression and refining it to
narrow down the interesting cases.





Now I am focusing on one specific point of the =E2=80=98error message=E2=80=
=99 development pipeline: improving the efficiency of
=E2=80=98menhir –list-errors=E2=80=99.
This command is used to enumerate sentences that cover all erroneous situat=
ions (as defined by the LR grammar). On my
computer and with the OCaml grammar, it takes a few minutes and quite a lot=
 of RAM. Early results are encouraging and
I hope to have a PR for Menhir soon. The performance improvement we are aim=
ing for is to make the command almost real
time for common grammars and to tackle bigger grammars by reducing the memo=
ry needs.
For instance, in the OCaml case, the runtime is down from 3 minutes to 2=E2=
=80=933 seconds and memory consumption goes from a
few GiB down to 200 MiB.













Daniel B=C3=BCnzli asked and gasche replied







> […] @Ekdohibs=E2=80=99 project camlboot , which is a =E2=80=9Cbootstrap-free=E2=80=9D=


> implementation of OCaml able to compile the OCaml compiler itself. It =
currently targets OCaml 4.07 for various

> reasons. We were able to do a full build of the OCaml compiler, and ch=
eck that the result produces bootstrap

> binaries that coincide with upstream bootstraps. This gives extremely =
strong confidence that the OCaml bootstrap is

> free from =E2=80=9Ctrusting trust=E2=80=9D attacks. For more details, =
see our dr=
aft paper.





Something that is not clear to me (but I read quickly) is the impact of `gu=
ile` itself being not bootstrapped yet.
Could there be a very elaborate attack (with probability 0 of existi=
ng) on both the guile and ocaml bootstrap or is
there something in the whole scheme that prevents it ?







Yes, currently Guile needs to be trusted, and it would be possible that a b=
ootstrapping virus in Guile would break
our correctness result. (It would need to reproduce itself through our comp=
iler and interpreter that were written
after Guile itself, but I think in theory this could be done with an almost=
-infinitely clever program analysis.) Of
course, an attack at the source level (inserting malicious source, instead =
of malicious binaries) is also possible
anywhere in the chain.
Our main reason for using Guile is that this is the high-level language com=
munity most active on
debootstrapping-towards-the-metal (through the Guix connection), so we beli=
eve it is more likely to manage
debootstrapping and maintain it in the longer run.





(The seed that Guile depends on is its macro-expander, which is written usi=
ng macros itself. In theory one may
perform the macro-expansion of the expander, and then manually review the t=
wo versions to verify the absence of
attack there.)




















Parser for the Scala programming language?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/parser-for-the-scala-pr=
ogramming-language/7541/18








Deep in this thread, Yoann Padioleau announced





I ended up porting the recursive descent parser in the Scala compiler to OC=
aml …
I think it was the fastest way to get a working parser from OCaml …





https://github.com/returntocorp/pff=
f/blob/develop/lang_scala/parsing/Parser_scala_recursive_descent.ml















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 18 to 25,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Applied PL research at Jane Street
IRC channels available on libera.chat
B Trees in Ocaml via Fmlib 0.3.0
GitHub Actions for OCaml: now stable and on the ocaml org
Set up OCaml 2.0.0-alpha
FrontC 4.1.0 (Vingt ans apr=C3=A8s)
Old CWN


Applied PL research at Jane Street
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yaron Minsky announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This isn't exactly news, but we're (still) actively looking to hire
  people to do applied PL research, with a particular focus on
  type-level work. Follow this link if you want to see how to apply.

  

  Please share it around with anyone who you think might be on the
  market!

  *About the job*

  Part of our ambition is to grow OCaml into a language that does an
  ever better job of being convenient and expressive by default, while
  allowing for the kind of precise control you need when building high
  performance systems, where it's needed.

  That's led us to do research on stack-allocation, unboxed types,
  algebraic effects, type-level resource tracking, and more. We think
  it's an exciting direction for the language, and there's a lot of
  challenging and novel work to be done, and the main thing that could
  speed us up is having more of the right people to work on it!

  Jane Street is an excellent laboratory for this kind of work: big
  enough to have serious and demanding use-cases, but small and nimble
  enough to be able to try out new language features, and then back out
  of them or change them in incompatible ways if need be.

  And all the work we do on the compiler is in the open, with the goal
  of getting the final results into a state where they can be
  upstreamed.

  Also, it's a great team! Full of serious experts who have collectively
  contributed a lot to OCaml and PL research over the years, and also a
  really nice set of people to work with. And I think the team has a
  good balance of the practical and theoretical: working hard to do the
  right thing, but also finding practical ideas that can make forward
  progress in the near term.

  *Who are we looking for*

  We're looking for people with a good balance of theoretical and
  engineering backgrounds, since the work is demanding on both fronts.

  We're happy to hire people at a range of experience levels: people who
  have just finished a post-doc or PhD, up to experienced academics and
  people in industry.

  The team has a presence in New York and London, and we're hiring in
  both offices. No remote work, I'm afraid.


IRC channels available on libera.chat
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Adrien Nader announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Due to the recent troubles on freenode[1][2], I've connected to
  irc.libera.chat early in order to create and register the same
  channels that I know and take care ofa on freenode (i.e. #ocaml and
  #ocaml-fr).

  I am not stating libera.chat is better than freenode.net although the
  amount of staffers moving makes me think freenode.net will not be
  running fine for a much longer time.

  At the moment I believe it is better to keep both channels running and
  to encourage people to connect on libera.chat too. In the future, I
  might force migration by progressively silencing the channel that
  should be abandoned.

  If you maintain a relay bot, can you please add it on libera.chat too?

  As far as I know, there is no Matrix bridge available currently. It
  seems the discussion/process for bridge additions occurs at [3].

  A good news is that I've gotten the full rights on the channel,
  something which was requiring paperwork on freenode (which I had
  already mentioned but never got around to doing and for which I never
  even remotely got time for).

  [1]  (this still constantly changes)
  [2]
  
  [3] 


B Trees in Ocaml via Fmlib 0.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hbr announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the release (0.3.0) of fmlib, a functional
  library with managed effects.

  The main new feature of release 0.3.0 are B trees. B trees can be used
  to implement finite sets and finite maps. Fmlib's B trees have
  functionality similar to the modules `Set' and `Map' of the standard
  library.

  The modules `Set' and `Map' of the standard library are based on AVL
  trees. B trees offer the same functionality but have on modern
  processors a better cache performance and have better data locality.

  The current B tree implementation in `Fmlib' implements B trees by
  using arrays which are guaranteed to fit into a cache line. The design
  of B trees is described [here]. The API can be found [here].

  The library `Fmlib' has four main components:

  =E2=80=A2 [Standard Datatypes]: This component offers some modules from
    `Stdlib' with additional functionality. E.g. `Fmlib_std.Array'
    offers functions to insert elements into arrays, remove elements
    from an array and binary search in a sorted array. It has the
    modules `Result' and `Option' which can be used to avoid exceptions
    and use exceptions in a more structured way. The modules `Result'
    and `Option' in `Fmlib' offer a complete monadic interface and offer
    the `let*' operator to write well readable monadic code.

  =E2=80=A2 [Pretty Printing]: Print tree like structures in a nice way and=
 use
    the library completely functional. The library does not assume a
    specific IO method. The pretty printer generates a lazy stream of
    characteres which can be written by all io functions.

  =E2=80=A2 [Combinator Parsing]: Easily parse textual input by the use of
    combinators. The library supports indentation sensitivity and can
    therefore be used to parse yaml files, haskell, python,
    etc. Furthermore no input method is assumed. The generated parsers
    are sink of tokens (or characters). You can choose any input method
    and push the tokens/characters into the parsers. The generated
    parsers are fully incremental. Parser can be stored at any position
    of the input stream and in case of interactive editing, parsing can
    be resumed from any point of the stream.

  =E2=80=A2 [Interface to Javascript]: This components contains primitives =
to
    interface to javascript via `js_of_ocaml'.

  `Fmlib' can be installed via opam:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam install fmlib
  =E2=94=82 opam install fmlib_std
  =E2=94=82 opam install fmlib_pretty
  =E2=94=82 opam install fmlib_parse
  =E2=94=82 opam install fmlib_js
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code of the library is located at [github]


[here] 

[here] 

[Standard Datatypes] 

[Pretty Printing] 

[Combinator Parsing] 

[Interface to Javascript] 

[github] 


GitHub Actions for OCaml: now stable and on the ocaml org
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I [announced a beta] of OCaml/opam support for GitHub Actions back in
  Nov 2019, and the functionality has turned out to be popular. A number
  of projects in our community have been using the Action, and it can be
  found in the [GitHub Marketplace].

  It has been sufficiently popular that it's definitely time to get it
  off my personal GitHub account, and so I have transferred it to its
  new home at .  I am also very
  pleased to announce that @smorimoto and @dra27 are also now
  maintainers =E2=80=93 they have both made significant improvements to it,=
 and
  @smorimoto in particular has been working with the GitHub ecosystem to
  further improve the efficiency of the Action (such as by adding
  reliable caching).  Thank you to them both and [all the other
  contributors] for your help improving the CI experience around OCaml.

  If anyone else wishes to contribute to improving the action, please do
  get involved on [the issue tracker].  And of course, if you are still
  referencing `avsm/setup-ocaml' in your own workflow definition, this
  is a good time to change it to `ocaml/setup-ocaml'.

  This is probably a good time to note that the other [ci-scripts]
  repository on the ocaml/ GitHub organisation is in sore need of either
  new maintainers (for the Travis CI), or being retired due to lack of
  support (primarily due to the shift to GitHub Actions). I'm immensely
  grateful to Travis CI for the decade of mostly free builds they have
  provided our community to date.


[announced a beta]


[GitHub Marketplace]


[all the other contributors]


[the issue tracker] 

[ci-scripts] 


Set up OCaml 2.0.0-alpha
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is the announcement of the first alpha release of setup-ocaml
  v2. This includes quite a few changes, including reliable cache, as
  described in a recent [post].

  There are so many changes, so I would like to list only the notable
  changes. (The full changelog can be found at the bottom of the post.)


[post]


The "ocaml-version" input is now named "ocaml-compiler"
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This was changed because calling it "OCaml Version" is not appropriate
  enough, e.g. to use the new variant naming convention introduced from
  4.12.


32 bits compiler support
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C


Semver-style version matching support
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  With the naughty exception of `4.02.2' , point releases are meant to
  be strictly compatible, so once OCaml dev team release a new point
  release, upgrading should be a no-brainer. With that in mind, it's
  obviously not smart to rewrite every workflow every time a new point
  release is released, so you can now specify versions in the style like
  `4.12.x'.


Reliable cache feature
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The action supports not only the compiler cache, but also the [dune
  cache]. However, note that it is not available on the macOS runners
  until opam 2.0.9 is released. The dune cache is actually quite
  powerful for large projects, if you're interested in it, check out the
  comparison section of [ocaml/setup-ocaml#66]. The reliable cache
  feature uses the [@actions/cache] package internally, and I worked
  with the GitHub team to make it fast enough for setup-ocaml to be up
  to 4x faster. For the Ubuntu runners, you can set up your environment
  with cache in about 30~40 seconds at the fastest.


[dune cache] 

[ocaml/setup-ocaml#66] 

[@actions/cache]



Automatic pinning and depext handling of local packages
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  For example, if you have a very large number of local packages, like
  the [Irmin] project, it can be quite a pain for a human to have to
  write a script to pin them all in your workflow. The action pins and
  depext the local packages if they exist in the repository by
  default. You can also use the glob pattern to select which local
  packages to handle, as described [here].

  


[Irmin] 

[here]



FrontC 4.1.0 (Vingt ans apr=C3=A8s)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Ivan Gotovchits announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  More than twenty years after its original release [FrontC] is still
  alive and getting new updates. Mostly it started with my frustration
  with its Makefiles that ended up in switching to menhir and dune and
  adding cram tests that finally enabled us to safely touch the grammar
  definitions and introduce a few c99 =E2=80=A6 c11 language features as we=
ll as
  more GNU extensions. Our end goal is to get a robust and easy-to-use C
  parser that is capable of taking a C program on a modern Linux
  distribution and get it parsed into a C abstract tree. It is not that
  trivial as it may sound as modern C library headers (especially GNU
  libc) use non-standard or standard but very modern C features, and
  most of the OCaml parsers that I have seen are still unable to parse
  them, including parsers from FramaC, C11parser, and even compcert
  parser (mostly they do not handle complex floating-point types and
  various extension types and some GCC attributes).

  Therefore, FrontC is still useful, especially if all that you want is
  to start doing program analysis with minimal initial effort, just do
  (but wait until it is [merged])

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam install FrontC
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and start hacking!

  With that said, FrontC is mostly maintained at leisure time by
  volunteers, so the pull requests are very welcome.


[FrontC] 

[merged] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 18 to 25, 2021.









Applied PL research at Jane Street





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-applied-pl-research-at-=
jane-street/7877/1








Yaron Minsky announced





This isn't exactly news, but we're (still) actively looking to hire people =
to do applied PL research, with a
particular focus on type-level work. Follow this link if you want to see ho=
w to apply.





https://blog.j=
anestreet.com/applied-PL-research/





Please share it around with anyone who you think might be on the market!





About the job





Part of our ambition is to grow OCaml into a language that does an ever bet=
ter job of being convenient and expressive
by default, while allowing for the kind of precise control you need when bu=
ilding high performance systems, where
it's needed.





That's led us to do research on stack-allocation, unboxed types, algebraic =
effects, type-level resource tracking, and
more. We think it's an exciting direction for the language, and there's a l=
ot of challenging and novel work to be
done, and the main thing that could speed us up is having more of the right=
 people to work on it!





Jane Street is an excellent laboratory for this kind of work: big enough to=
 have serious and demanding use-cases, but
small and nimble enough to be able to try out new language features, and th=
en back out of them or change them in
incompatible ways if need be.





And all the work we do on the compiler is in the open, with the goal of get=
ting the final results into a state where
they can be upstreamed.





Also, it's a great team! Full of serious experts who have collectively cont=
ributed a lot to OCaml and PL research
over the years, and also a really nice set of people to work with. And I th=
ink the team has a good balance of the
practical and theoretical: working hard to do the right thing, but also fin=
ding practical ideas that can make forward
progress in the near term.





Who are we looking for





We're looking for people with a good balance of theoretical and engineering=
 backgrounds, since the work is demanding
on both fronts.





We're happy to hire people at a range of experience levels: people who have=
 just finished a post-doc or PhD, up to
experienced academics and people in industry.





The team has a presence in New York and London, and we're hiring in both of=
fices. No remote work, I'm afraid.















IRC channels available on libera.chat





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-05/msg00022.html=









Adrien Nader announced





Due to the recent troubles on freenode[1][2], I've connected to
irc.libera.chat early in order to create and register the same channels
that I know and take care ofa on freenode (i.e. #ocaml and #ocaml-fr).





I am not stating libera.chat is better than freenode.net although the
amount of staffers moving makes me think freenode.net will not be
running fine for a much longer time.





At the moment I believe it is better to keep both channels running and
to encourage people to connect on libera.chat too. In the future, I
might force migration by progressively silencing the channel that should
be abandoned.





If you maintain a relay bot, can you please add it on libera.chat too?





As far as I know, there is no Matrix bridge available currently. It
seems the discussion/process for bridge additions occurs at [3].





A good news is that I've gotten the full rights on the channel,
something which was requiring paperwork on freenode (which I had already
mentioned but never got around to doing and for which I never even remotely
got time for).





[1] https://lwn.net/Articles/8=
56543/ (this still constantly changes) 

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freenode#2021_ownership_change=
_and_conflict 

[3] https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-appservice-irc/issues/208















B Trees in Ocaml via Fmlib 0.3.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/b-trees-in-ocaml-via-fmlib-0-3-0/=
7880/1








Hbr announced





I am pleased to announce the release (0.3.0) of fmlib, a functional
library with managed effects.





The main new feature of release 0.3.0 are B trees. B trees can be used to
implement finite sets and finite maps. Fmlib's  B trees have functionality
similar to the modules Set and Map of the standar=
d library.





The modules Set and Map of the standard library a=
re based on AVL trees. B
trees offer the same functionality but have on modern processors a better c=
ache
performance and have better data locality.





The current B tree implementation in Fmlib implements B trees =
by using arrays
which are guaranteed to fit into a cache line. The design of B trees is
described here. The API =
can be found here.





The library Fmlib has four main components:




    

  • Standard Datatyp=
es: This component offers some modules from Stdlib
with additional functionality. E.g. Fmlib_std.Array offers fun=
ctions to
insert elements into arrays, remove elements from an array and binary search
in a sorted array. It has the modules Result and Option<=
/code> which can be used
to avoid exceptions and use exceptions in a more structured way. The modules
Result and Option in Fmlib offer a c=
omplete monadic interface and offer
the let* operator to write well readable monadic code.
    • 


  • Pretty Printi=
ng: Print tree like structures in a nice way and use
the library completely functional. The library does not assume a specific IO
method. The pretty printer generates a lazy stream of characteres which can=
 be
written by all io functions.
    • 


  • Combinator Par=
sing: Easily parse textual input by the use of
combinators. The library supports indentation sensitivity and can therefore=
 be
used to parse yaml files, haskell, python, etc. Furthermore no input method=
 is
assumed. The generated parsers are sink of tokens (or characters). You can
choose any input method and push the tokens/characters into the parsers. The
generated parsers are fully incremental. Parser can be stored at any positi=
on
of the input stream and in case of interactive editing, parsing can be resu=
med
from any point of the stream.
    • 


  • Interface to Java=
script: This components contains primitives to
interface to javascript via js_of_ocaml.
    • 





Fmlib can be installed via opam:




opam update
opam install fmlib
opam install fmlib_std
opam install fmlib_pretty
opam install fmlib_parse
opam install fmlib_js





The source code of the library is located at github















GitHub Actions for OCaml: now stable and on the ocaml org





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/github-ac=
tions-for-ocaml-now-stable-and-on-the-ocaml-org/7889/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





I announced a beta of OCaml/opam
support for GitHub Actions back in Nov 2019, and the functionality has turn=
ed out to be popular. A number of projects
in our community have been using the Action, and it can be found in the GitHub
Marketplace.





It has been sufficiently popular that it's definitely time to get it off my=
 personal GitHub account, and so I have
transferred it to its new home at https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml.  I am also very pleased t=
o announce that
@smorimoto and @dra27 are also now maintainers – they have both made=
 significant improvements to it, and @smorimoto
in particular has been working with the GitHub ecosystem to further improve=
 the efficiency of the Action (such as by
adding reliable caching).  Thank you to them both and all the other
contributors for your help improving the CI experience
around OCaml.





If anyone else wishes to contribute to improving the action, please do get =
involved on the iss=
ue
tracker.  And of course, if you are still referencing
avsm/setup-ocaml in your own workflow definition, this is a go=
od time to change it to ocaml/setup-ocaml.





This is probably a good time to note that the other ci-scripts
repository on the ocaml/ GitHub organisation is in sore need of either new =
maintainers (for the Travis CI), or being
retired due to lack of support (primarily due to the shift to GitHub Action=
s). I'm immensely grateful to Travis CI
for the decade of mostly free builds they have provided our community to da=
te.















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-alpha





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-alpha/7895/1








Sora Morimoto announced





This is the announcement of the first alpha release of setup-ocaml v2. This=
 includes quite a few changes, including
reliable cache, as described in a recent
post.





There are so many changes, so I would like to list only the notable changes=
. (The full changelog can be found at the
bottom of the post.)








The "ocaml-version" input is now named "ocaml-compile=
r"





This was changed because calling it "OCaml Version" is not appropriate enou=
gh, e.g. to use the new variant naming
convention introduced from 4.12.










32 bits compiler support







Semver-style version matching support





With the naughty exception of 4.02.2 , point releases are mean=
t to be strictly compatible, so once OCaml dev team
release a new point release, upgrading should be a no-brainer. With that in=
 mind, it's obviously not smart to rewrite
every workflow every time a new point release is released, so you can now s=
pecify versions in the style like
4.12.x.










Reliable cache feature





The action supports not only the compiler cache, but also the dune
cache. However, note that it is not available on the macOS
runners until opam 2.0.9 is released. The dune cache is actually quite powe=
rful for large projects, if you're
interested in it, check out the comparison section of
ocaml/setup-ocaml#=
66. The reliable cache feature uses the
@ac=
tions/cache package internally, and I worked with
the GitHub team to make it fast enough for setup-ocaml to be up to 4x faste=
r. For the Ubuntu runners, you can set up
your environment with cache in about 30~40 seconds at the fastest.










Automatic pinning and depext handling of local packag=
es





For example, if you have a very large number of local packages, like the Irmin
project, it can be quite a pain for a human to have to write a script to pi=
n them all in your workflow. The action
pins and depext the local packages if they exist in the repository by defau=
lt. You can also use the glob pattern to
select which local packages to handle, as described
here.





=
https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-alpha

















FrontC 4.1.0 (Vingt ans apr=C3=A8s)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-frontc-4-1-0-vingt-ans-apres/=
7906/1








Ivan Gotovchits announced





More than twenty years after its original release FrontC is still alive and getting n=
ew updates. Mostly it
started with my frustration with its Makefiles that ended up in switching t=
o menhir and dune and adding cram tests
that finally enabled us to safely touch the grammar definitions and introdu=
ce a few c99 … c11 language features as
well as more GNU extensions. Our end goal is to get a robust and easy-to-us=
e C parser that is capable of taking a C
program on a modern Linux distribution and get it parsed into a C abstract =
tree. It is not that trivial as it may
sound as modern C library headers (especially GNU libc) use non-standard or=
 standard but very modern C features, and
most of the OCaml parsers that I have seen are still unable to parse them, =
including parsers from FramaC, C11parser,
and even compcert parser (mostly they do not handle complex floating-point =
types and various extension types and some
GCC attributes).





Therefore, FrontC is still useful, especially if all that you want is to st=
art doing program analysis with minimal
initial effort, just do (but wait until it is merged)




opam install FrontC





and start hacking!





With that said, FrontC is mostly maintained at leisure time by volunteers, =
so the pull requests are very welcome.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 25 to June 01,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Dream =E2=80=94 a simple, yet feature-complete Web framework
Ocaml developer at Routine, Paris, Remote OK
Feather 0.2.0
BAP 2.3.0 Release
Building Ahrefs codebase with Melange
Lwt 5.4.1
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Dream =E2=80=94 a simple, yet feature-complete Web framework
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anton Bachin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce [*Dream*], a very easy-to-use Web framework
  with high performance, secure defaults, and thorough documentation!

  

  It is available now from opam, with `opam install dream'.

  Dream offers:

  =E2=80=A2 [WebSockets] and [GraphQL].
  =E2=80=A2 A [template syntax], which you can see in the image above.
  =E2=80=A2 Trivial [HTTPS and HTTP/2 support], allowing simple deployments
    without a proxy.
  =E2=80=A2 [Sessions] with pluggable [back ends].
  =E2=80=A2 Easy [secure cookies] and [CSRF-safe forms].

  =E2=80=A6and more, yet Dream sticks to a simple programming model:

  =E2=80=A2 Web apps are just [bare functions] from requests to responses.
  =E2=80=A2 [Middlewares] are just higher-order wrapper functions.
  =E2=80=A2 [Routes] tell the [router] which of these functions to call.

  Indeed, for those who like algebra, there is a certain [structure] to
  Dream. However, that's not the point of this post!

  Dream is meant to be very easy to understand. It sticks to base types,
  introducing only a few types of its own, and uses existing languages,
  such as HTML for templates, and URLs for routes. Dream itself is one
  module in one opam package, which lives in a monorepo. The [docs] are
  on one page.

  Dream is loosely coupled. Even though Dream offers many defaults, it
  is unopinionated, and you can quickly configure or replace
  anything. For example, it is easy to [use TyXML] for templates, and
  Dream happily supports such usage with examples.

  Security-sensitive features, such as cookies, are arranged so that
  simple and obvious usage is automatically secure.  Wherever security
  still depends on the Dream app, the docs [highlight] it. Dream has
  selected a modern [cipher] as a default, supports [key rotation], and
  offers suggestions for other purposes, such as password hashing. It
  implements and abstracts away all of the [OWASP] security guidelines
  that are relevant to its level.

  Dream is designed for full internationalization. It has a centralized
  [error handler] that intercepts even lower-level HTTP errors, so that
  you can decorate them with your app's own error template, and leak no
  hardcoded strings. Dream's URL encoders [favor] internationalized
  (UTF-8) URIs, and the router accepts them.

  Finally, Dream is designed for a wide range of applications, including
  with or without a proxy, standalone or embedded in larger binaries,
  and with external static assets or [assets compiled in].


[*Dream*] 

[WebSockets]


[GraphQL]


[template syntax]


[HTTPS and HTTP/2 support]


[Sessions]


[back ends] 

[secure cookies] 

[CSRF-safe forms] 

[bare functions] 

[Middlewares] 

[Routes] 

[router] 

[structure] 

[docs] 

[use TyXML]


[highlight]


[cipher] 

[key rotation] 

[OWASP] 

[error handler]


[favor] 

[assets compiled in]


Documentation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Dream is very extensively documented. See=E2=80=A6

  =E2=80=A2 [*Examples*], the first several of which make up a tutorial. Ea=
ch
    example is a complete project.
  =E2=80=A2 The online [*playground*], which features many of the examples,=
 and
    is itself a [Dream app]!
  =E2=80=A2 The [*API docs*].

  In particular, see

  =E2=80=A2 Deployment examples for [Heroku], Digital Ocean [with Docker], =
and
    Digital Ocean [with systemd], all of which include GitHub Actions
    scripts and instructions.
  =E2=80=A2 Full-stack examples with [js_of_ocaml], [ReScript], and [Melang=
e].
  =E2=80=A2 Examples in [Reason syntax].
  =E2=80=A2 Development [watching] and [live reloading].


[*Examples*]


[*playground*] 

[Dream app]


[*API docs*] 

[Heroku]


[with Docker]


[with systemd]


[js_of_ocaml]


[ReScript]


[Melange]


[Reason syntax]


[watching]


[live reloading]



Contributing
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Dream has already received several very helpful [contributions], and
  more are very welcome! See [`CONTRIBUTING.md']. I must also
  acknowledge all the people working on Dream's [dependecies] and [prior
  art]. In particular, Dream relies heavily on the HTTP and WebSocket
  [servers] primarily by Spiros Eliopoulos (@seliopou) and Antonio Nuno
  Monteiro (@anmonteiro).

  Apart from accepting code, docs, and examples, Dream will happily link
  to:

  =E2=80=A2 Blogs and articles, as different people learn best from differe=
nt
    presentations.
  =E2=80=A2 "Downstream" libraries to use with Dream.

  For example, Thibaut Mattio (@tmattio) is working on
  [dream-livereload], a live-reloading middleware for Dream, similar to
  the [example], which he also contributed! Once dream-livereload is
  slightly more mature, Dream will link to it from its README.

  There is also [dream-serve], a live-reloading static site server based
  on Dream and libuv, which was used to develop the docs.


[contributions] 

[`CONTRIBUTING.md']


[dependecies]


[prior art] 

[servers]


[dream-livereload] 

[example]


[dream-serve] 


Roadmap
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Dream is currently in an alpha state. It is thought (by me) to be
  internally quite stable. However, there will probably be various API
  tweaks before release 1.0.0.

  My current, rough plan is to release several alphas of Dream over six
  months or so. The releases will address:

  1. Flow control for very large responses, and getting the "advanced"
     part of the I/O API to be as close to zero-copy and non-allocating
     as possible (or reasonable).
  2. Remaining (optional) [security enhancements], such as a [default
     content security policy].
  3. Remaining [session improvements], such as re-keying.
  4. Friction in handling of JSON, database access, etc. This is not
     properly part of or due to Dream, but it should be addressed for a
     better Web development experience.
  5. Multicore and effects support.

  That's all. Let's bring OCaml to the Web! Happy Web programming!


  


[security enhancements]


[default content security policy]


[session improvements] 


Anton Bachin then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For readers who saw the repo during the earlier ["leak,"] the main
  updates are:

  =E2=80=A2 A large number of new examples, including [deployment].
  =E2=80=A2 The [playground], which runs the examples, and itself served as=
 a
    test.
  =E2=80=A2 An esy-based [quick start] script.

  There have also been very many smaller changes to the code, API, and
  the rest of the docs, but the above changes are the biggest "chunks."
  The rest is too much to detail :)


["leak,"] 

[deployment]


[playground] 

[quick start] 


Ivan Gotovchits asked and Anton Bachin replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        I was always wondering how does the source code that uses
        [templates] work with OCaml tooling, in particular with
        merlin, ocp-indent, ocaml-format, tuareg and other editor
        modes?

  It doesn't work well in practice with anything other than syntax
  highlighting. Note that you control the syntax mode with the
  extension. If your template is mostly HTML, you can name it
  `foo.eml.html'.

  The intent is that the templates should contain mostly HTML in a large
  project, and most of them would be in their own `template/'
  subdirectory. OCaml tooling wouldn't be needed for these mostly-HTML
  files. For a still-small, but real example of this, see the
  Playground's [`client.eml.html'].

  The one-file `.ml' projects with templates, where tooling is a
  problem, are mostly good for the very first steps of getting started,
  and examples.

  There is also an issue about this in the repo, [#55 " how to apply
  ocamlformat"].

  Note that, as in the announcement text, you can use Dream with other
  templaters, including [TyXML], which has an [HTML PPX]. In addition,
  if you are using Reason, you can use [TyXML JSX]. Either of these
  options interacts well with tooling, as far as I know.

  I didn't make TyXML the default because it considerably increases the
  Dream learning curve for getting basic tasks done. However, Dream
  still supports the choice of using TyXML with examples and links.


[templates] 

[`client.eml.html']


[#55 " how to apply ocamlformat"]


[TyXML]


[HTML PPX]


[TyXML JSX]



Ocaml developer at Routine, Paris, Remote OK
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


mefyl announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Routine () is looking for an OCaml developer.

  Routine is a personal productivity assistant. The technological
  revolves heavily around OCaml which represents 90% of the codebase,
  the remaining 10% being the UI in Typescript and Vue.js. We target
  both the browser and desktop through electron, using Js_of_ocaml.

  While the product is "just" a web app, our technological and academic
  background leads us to use designs that, I think, can pique the
  interest of seasoned Ocaml developer. Amongst other things :

  =E2=80=A2 Type-driven programming based on ppx derivers that produces
    typescript declaration for frontend bindings, JSON schema to expose
    and consume external REST APIs (Google, Notion, =E2=80=A6), automatic S=
QL
    bindings, etc.
  =E2=80=A2 Angstrom based parsing for the interactive console with highlig=
hting
    and completion.
  =E2=80=A2 Incremental based state updates to refresh minimal subsets of t=
he
    app.
  =E2=80=A2 Highly concurrent implementation through Lwt, exception-free de=
sign.

  We use state of the art CI/CD and development processes. We plan on
  distributing open sources packages of these utilities (type-driven
  system, Google API bindings, Notion API bindings, =E2=80=A6). Future exci=
ting
  subjects could be extending Angstrom with manual rollback to implement
  generic completions or binding Vue in OCaml directly using melange or
  rescript to achieve rock solid typing down to the very frontend code
  (highly prospective teases, don't quote me on this yet :).

  The company is very much a startup, having just completed YC batch W21
  and closed its first round of investment.  Salary is up to market
  standard depending on the profile, plus usual options package, to be
  discussed.

  While we expect great OCaml and general computer science proficiency,
  we're open to most levels of experience.  Thoroughness and a love for
  well rounded, robust and beautiful software design is a must have -
  but that comes bundled with OCaml love, right ?

  Do not hesitate to reach out for any question here, at
  quentin.hocquet@routine.co or refer this to someone who may be
  interested.

  Thanks for your time and happy camel riding !


Feather 0.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Charles announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I'm happy to announce feather version 0.2.0! Feather is a minimal
  library for bash-like scripting and process execution.  ([github],
  [opam])

  This release fixes some bugs and adds three new functions

  =E2=80=A2 `val and_ : cmd -> cmd -> cmd' =E2=80=94 chain two commands, sh=
ort
    circuiting if the first fails, akin to bash's `&&' operator.
  =E2=80=A2 `val or_ : cmd -> cmd -> cmd' =E2=80=94 chain two commands, sho=
rt circuiting
    if the first succeeds, akin to bash's `||' operator.
  =E2=80=A2 `val sequence : cmd -> cmd -> cmd' =E2=80=94 chain two commands=
 regardless
    of exit status.

  We include two new operators `&&.' and `||.' which correspond to
  `and_' and `or_' respectively. They'll be found in the `Feather.Infix'
  module, which has been renamed from `Feather.File_redirection_infix'.

  Many thanks to new contributors @Firobe @juxd and @tmarti2 for making
  this release possible!


[github] 

[opam] 


BAP 2.3.0 Release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Ivan Gotovchits announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're proud to release the next stable version of Carnegie Mellon
  University Binary Analysis Platform ([BAP]). The full list of changes
  can be found on the [release page] but the most interesting new
  features are highlighted below.


[BAP] 

[release page]


The Primus Lisp Frontend
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Now BAP is able to understand not only binary programs but sources
  written in Primus Lisp. In case if you don't know, [Primus Lisp] is
  our DSL for writing analysis and library stubs (e.g., to specify
  semantics of missing library functions). Now, it is possible to reify
  Primus Lisp programs into static representation. For example, we can
  translate the following Lisp program

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ;; file demo.lisp
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (defun example1 (x)
  =E2=94=82   (set R0 1)
  =E2=94=82   (set R1 2)
  =E2=94=82   (set R3 (+ R1 R2 (* R1 R2 3)))
  =E2=94=82   (memory-write R4 (+ R3 R1))
  =E2=94=82   (if (> R0 (* R0 R0))
  =E2=94=82       (exec-addr 0xDEADBEEF)
  =E2=94=82     (set R0 (* R0 R2 R3))))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  into the BIL (BAP Instruction Language) AST and then pretty print it,
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ bap show --primus-lisp-load=3Ddemo --target=3Darmv7+le -obap:=
bil example1
  =E2=94=82 example1:
  =E2=94=82 "{
  =E2=94=82    R0 :=3D 1
  =E2=94=82    R1 :=3D 2
  =E2=94=82    R3 :=3D R1 + R2 + R1 * R2 * 3
  =E2=94=82    mem :=3D mem with [R4] <- low:8[R3 + R1]
  =E2=94=82    #1 :=3D R0 * R0 < R0
  =E2=94=82    if (#1) {
  =E2=94=82      jmp 0xDEADBEEF
  =E2=94=82    }
  =E2=94=82    else {
  =E2=94=82      R0 :=3D R0 * R2 * R3
  =E2=94=82    }
  =E2=94=82  }"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This new feature not only allows us to reify our Lisp stubs into
  static form but also enables the main killer feature. It is now
  possible to specify the semantics of machine instructions in Primus
  Lisp. This feature enables rapid development and experimentation with
  CPU semantics. And this brings us to the next new feature.


[Primus Lisp]



New Target: RISC-V
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  The first application of the Primus Lisp Frontend was writing the
  RISC-V semantics. It took me only one day to write the semantic of the
  [minimal subset] of RISC-V instruction. Well, partially it is because
  RISCV-V is truly RISC, like the `add' instruction just adds,

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (defun ADDI (dst rm rn)
  =E2=94=82   (set$ dst (+ rm rn)))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[minimal subset]



New Target: ARMv8 (Aarch64)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The next target that we tried was Aarch64, the 64-bit ARM
  architecture. It was a little bit [harder] but still definitely more
  readable than the official ARM semantics.


[harder]



Adds namespaces (packages) to Primus Lisp
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Since now we have much more code in Primus Lisp we found ourselves
  struggling with name clashes. The Primus Lisp program model is a set
  of mututally recursive overloaded definitions, so naming things is
  crucial for us. Therefore we implemented namespaces (which are,
  following Common Lisp trandition, named packages). We ended up in a
  very Common Lisp look and fill but without inheriting CL problems,
  like the dependency on the order of inclusion and package
  redefinitions, and so on. Given our model, and that Primus Lisp
  features type inference and Haskell-style type classes for
  overloading, it wasn't that easy to implement :)


Adds the `bap dependencies' command
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The [command] outputs program dependencies such as libraries and
  symbols. The information is collected recursively with various output
  options, including dependency graph, YAML, JSON, and SEXP.

  Much like `nm~+~ldd' on steroids and cross-platform (works on
  PE/ELF/COFF, and on binaries that are not native to the host). So it
  could be quite useful even if you're not doing program analysis, but
  just want to solve a nasty missing library feature or figure our what
  programs use what libraries, e.g.,
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ bap dependencies `which ping` --recursive --ldconfig -ograph =
| graph-easy --as boxart
  =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90
  =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=82 libresolv.so.2 =E2=94=82 =E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=90
  =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98                              =
     =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                        =E2=96=B2                               =
                   =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                        =E2=94=82                               =
                   =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                        =E2=94=82                               =
                   =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=90     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 =E2=94=82 libidn.so.11 =E2=94=82 =E2=97=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 =
=E2=94=82           ping           =E2=94=82 =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=96=B6 =
=E2=94=82 libnettle.so.6 =E2=94=82  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82 =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=98     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=
=82              =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=
=82              =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                    =E2=96=BC                 =E2=94=
=82              =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90  =E2=94=82          =
    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=82  libcap.so.2   =E2=94=82=
  =E2=94=82              =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98  =E2=94=82          =
    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=
=82              =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=
=82              =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                    =E2=96=BC                 =E2=96=
=BC              =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90      =
 =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=96=B6 =E2=94=82        libc.so.6         =E2=94=82 =
=E2=97=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98            =
     =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98               =
          =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                        =E2=94=82                      =E2=96=B2=
                           =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                        =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=94=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98
  =E2=94=82                        =E2=96=BC
  =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90
  =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=82 ld-linux.so.2  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[command] 


What's Next?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We are working on decompilation and integrating with Ghidra, so in
  2.4.0 you should expect that bap will output C code for binaries. But
  it is not all, we're even working into turning BAP into a program
  analysis framework that enables analysis of source code programs. And
  even crazier, we're working on adding compilation capabilities to BAP,
  i.e., an ability to compile/recompile the input sources. So soon BAP
  will outlive its name, or we will need to find a new interpretation
  for the BAP acronym, something like the Best Analysis Platform ;)

  We also plan to make BAP more available for non-seasoned OCaml users
  and want to push bap into mainstream Linux distributions and overall
  lower the entrance barrier.  Of course, with the end goal to lure
  users into installing opam))


Questions and Suggestions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Please, do not hesitate to ask questions and provide your suggestions
  and, ideally, join our [community]. Even if you don't plan to work on
  binary analysis, BAP offers lots of opportunities for writing your toy
  programs for learning the language, or maybe even student projects.


[community] 


Building Ahrefs codebase with Melange
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  At Ahrefs, we make extensive use of OCaml and ReScript =E2=80=94previously
  [known as BuckleScript]. So we have been following the latest
  developments in the ReScript ecosystem with great interest.

  A few months ago, [Ant=C3=B3nio Monteiro] released [Melange], a fork of
  ReScript with an emphasis of keeping compatibility with OCaml
  ecosystem. One of the key features of Melange is that it uses OCaml
  4.12, with all the upsides that that entails (ppxlib, let syntax,
  better errors, =E2=80=A6). Besides that, Melange has been modeled recentl=
y [as
  just a `compiler-libs' library], so it can be integrated with other
  OCaml code in a single opam switch.

  We decided to give Melange a try recently at Ahrefs, and shared the
  results of this experiment in a blog post:

  

  We are currently looking into how a deeper integration with Dune would
  look like. If your team or company has tried Melange, or is interested
  on doing so, we would be very interested to hear your use cases and
  share experiences.


[known as BuckleScript]


[Ant=C3=B3nio Monteiro] 

[Melange] 

[as just a `compiler-libs' library]



Lwt 5.4.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are glad to announce the release of version 5.4.1 of Lwt: a
  bugfix-only release.

  

  You can update to this version in `opam':

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam upgrade lwt
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks to the contributors for finding and fixing the bugs, leading to
  this release. Check out the release notes (link above) for a full
  list.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [Beta release of Frama-C 23.0~rc1 (Vanadium)]
  =E2=80=A2 [Building Ahrefs codebase with Melange]
  =E2=80=A2 [Computing an integer using a Grothendieck topos]
  =E2=80=A2 [ ReScript 9.1]
  =E2=80=A2 [Tutorial: Format Module of OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [Tarides project SCoP is selected as one of the brightest Data
    Portability projects in Europe!]
  =E2=80=A2 [Alt-Ergo Users=E2=80=99 Club Annual Meeting (2021)]


[OCaml Planet] 

[Beta release of Frama-C 23.0~rc1 (Vanadium)]


[Building Ahrefs codebase with Melange]


[Computing an integer using a Grothendieck topos]


[ ReScript 9.1] 

[Tutorial: Format Module of OCaml]


[Tarides project SCoP is selected as one of the brightest Data
Portability projects in Europe!]


[Alt-Ergo Users=E2=80=99 Club Annual Meeting (2021)]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 25 to June 01, 20=
21.









Dream =E2=80=94 a simple, yet feature-complete Web framework




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dream-a-simple-y=
et-feature-complete-web-framework/7909/1








Anton Bachin announced





I am pleased to announce Dr=
eam, a very easy-to-use Web framework with high
performance, secure defaults, and thorough documentation!







3D"3384d2a4557f=







It is available now from opam, with opam install dream.





Dream offers:







…and more, yet Dream sticks to a simple programming model:







Indeed, for those who like algebra, there is a certain structure to
Dream. However, that's not the point of this post!





Dream is meant to be very easy to understand. It sticks to base types, intr=
oducing only a few types of its own, and
uses existing languages, such as HTML for templates, and URLs for routes. D=
ream itself is one module in one opam
package, which lives in a monorepo. The docs are on one page.





Dream is loosely coupled. Even though Dream offers many defaults, it is uno=
pinionated, and you can quickly configure
or replace anything. For example, it is easy to use TyXML for templ=
ates, and Dream happily supports
such usage with examples.





Security-sensitive features, such as cookies, are arranged so that simple a=
nd obvious usage is automatically secure.
Wherever security still depends on the Dream app, the docs
highlight it. Dream has selected a modern
cipher as a d=
efault, supports key
rotation, and offers suggestions for other purposes, such as password
hashing. It implements and abstracts away all of the OWASP security guidelines
that are relevant to its level.





Dream is designed for full internationalization. It has a centralized e=
rror
handler that intercepts even lower-level HTTP
errors, so that you can decorate them with your app's own error template, a=
nd leak no hardcoded strings. Dream's URL
encoders favor internationalized (UTF-8) URIs, and the
router accepts them.





Finally, Dream is designed for a wide range of applications, including with=
 or without a proxy, standalone or
embedded in larger binaries, and with external static assets or as=
sets compiled
in.








Documentation





Dream is very extensively documented. See…




    

  • Examples, the first several of which make up a tutorial. Each e=
xample is a complete project.
    • 

  • The online playground, whi=
ch features many of the examples, and is itself a Dream app!
    • 

  • The API docs.





In particular, see












Contributing





Dream has already received several very helpful
contributi=
ons, and more are very welcome! See
CONTRIBUTING.md. I must also acknowledge all
the people working on Dream's
dependecies and
prior art=
. In particular, Dream relies heavily on the HTTP and
WebSocket servers
primarily by Spiros Eliopoulos (@seliopou) and Antonio Nuno Monteiro (@anmo=
nteiro).





Apart from accepting code, docs, and examples, Dream will happily link to:




    

  • Blogs and articles, as different people learn best from different prese=
ntations.
    • 

  • "Downstream" libraries to use with Dream.
    • 





For example, Thibaut Mattio (@tmattio) is working on dream-livereload,
a live-reloading middleware for Dream, similar to the
example, which he also contributed! Once
dream-livereload is slightly more mature, Dream will link to it from its RE=
ADME.





There is also dream-serv=
e, a live-reloading static site server based on
Dream and libuv, which was used to develop the docs.










Roadmap





Dream is currently in an alpha state. It is thought (by me) to be internall=
y quite stable. However, there will
probably be various API tweaks before release 1.0.0.





My current, rough plan is to release several alphas of Dream over six month=
s or so. The releases will address:




    

  1. Flow control for very large responses, and getting the "advanced" part =
of the I/O API to be as close to zero-copy and non-allocating as possible (=
or reasonable).
    2. 

  2. Remaining (optional) security enhancements, such=
 as a default conten=
t security policy.
    3. 

  3. Remaining sessio=
n improvements, such as re-keying.
    4. 

  4. Friction in handling of JSON, database access, etc. This is not properl=
y part of or due to Dream, but it should be addressed for a better Web deve=
lopment experience.
    5. 

  5. Multicore and effects support.
    6. 





That's all. Let's bring OCaml to the Web! Happy Web programming!






https://github.com/aantron/dre=
am













Anton Bachin then added





For readers who saw the repo during the earlier "leak," the main updates are:







There have also been very many smaller changes to the code, API, and the re=
st of the docs, but the above changes are
the biggest "chunks." The rest is too much to detail :)











Ivan Gotovchits asked and Anton Bachin replied







I was always wondering how does the source code that uses templates work with OCaml tooling=
, in particular with
merlin, ocp-indent, ocaml-format, tuareg and other editor modes?







It doesn't work well in practice with anything other than syntax highlighti=
ng. Note that you control the syntax mode
with the extension. If your template is mostly HTML, you can name it =
foo.eml.html.





The intent is that the templates should contain mostly HTML in a large proj=
ect, and most of them would be in their
own template/ subdirectory. OCaml tooling wouldn't be needed f=
or these mostly-HTML files. For a still-small, but
real example of this, see the Playground's
client.em=
l.html.





The one-file .ml projects with templates, where tooling is a p=
roblem, are mostly good for the very first steps of
getting started, and examples.





There is also an issue about this in the repo, #55 " how to apply
ocamlformat".





Note that, as in the announcement text, you can use Dream with other templa=
ters, including
TyXML, which has an HTML
PPX. In addition, if you are using Reason,
you can use TyXML JSX. Either of these options
interacts well with tooling, as far as I know.





I didn't make TyXML the default because it considerably increases the Dream=
 learning curve for getting basic tasks
done. However, Dream still supports the choice of using TyXML with examples=
 and links.















Ocaml developer at Routine, Paris, Remote OK





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-ocaml-developer=
-at-routine-paris-remote-ok/7911/1








mefyl announced





Routine (https://routine.co) is looking =
for an OCaml developer.





Routine is a personal productivity assistant. The technological revolves he=
avily around OCaml which represents 90% of
the codebase, the remaining 10% being the UI in Typescript and Vue.js. We t=
arget both the browser and desktop through
electron, using Js_of_ocaml.





While the product is "just" a web app, our technological and academic backg=
round leads us to use designs that, I
think, can pique the interest of seasoned Ocaml developer. Amongst other th=
ings :




    

  • Type-driven programming based on ppx derivers that produces typescript =
declaration for frontend bindings, JSON schema to expose and consume extern=
al REST APIs (Google, Notion, …), automatic SQL bindings, etc.
    • 

  • Angstrom based parsing for the interactive console with highlighting an=
d completion.
    • 

  • Incremental based state updates to refresh minimal subsets of the app.<=
/li>

  • Highly concurrent implementation through Lwt, exception-free design.





We use state of the art CI/CD and development processes. We plan on distrib=
uting open sources packages of these
utilities (type-driven system, Google API bindings, Notion API bindings, &#=
x2026;). Future exciting subjects could be
extending Angstrom with manual rollback to implement generic completions or=
 binding Vue in OCaml directly using
melange or rescript to achieve rock solid typing down to the very frontend =
code (highly prospective teases, don't
quote me on this yet :).





The company is very much a startup, having just completed YC batch W21 and =
closed its first round of investment.
Salary is up to market standard depending on the profile, plus usual option=
s package, to be discussed.





While we expect great OCaml and general computer science proficiency, we're=
 open to most levels of experience.
Thoroughness and a love for well rounded, robust and beautiful software des=
ign is a must have - but that comes
bundled with OCaml love, right ?





Do not hesitate to reach out for any question here, at quentin.hocquet@rout=
ine.co or refer this to someone who may be
interested.





Thanks for your time and happy camel riding !















Feather 0.2.0





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-feather-0-2-0/7916/1








Charles announced





I'm happy to announce feather version 0.2.0! Feather is a minimal library f=
or bash-like scripting and process
execution.  (github, =
opam)





This release fixes some bugs and adds three new functions




    

  • val and_ : cmd -> cmd -> cmd =E2=80=94 chain two com=
mands, short circuiting if the first fails, akin to bash's &&=
 operator.
    • 

  • val or_ : cmd -> cmd -> cmd =E2=80=94 chain two comm=
ands, short circuiting if the first succeeds, akin to bash's || operator.
    • 

  • val sequence : cmd -> cmd -> cmd =E2=80=94 chain two=
 commands regardless of exit status.
    • 





We include two new operators &&. and ||. =
which correspond to and_ and or_ respectively. Th=
ey'll be found in
the Feather.Infix module, which has been renamed from Fe=
ather.File_redirection_infix.





Many thanks to new contributors @Firobe @juxd and @tmarti2 for making this =
release possible!















BAP 2.3.0 Release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bap-2-3-0-release/7926/1








Ivan Gotovchits announced





We're proud to release the next stable version of Carnegie Mellon Universit=
y Binary Analysis Platform (BAP). The
full list of changes can be found on the release page but the most i=
nteresting new features are highlighted
below.








The Primus Lisp Frontend





Now BAP is able to understand not only binary programs but sources written =
in Primus Lisp. In case if you don't know,
Primus Lisp is our DSL for wr=
iting analysis and library stubs (e.g., to specify semantics of missing lib=
rary
functions). Now, it is possible to reify Primus Lisp programs into static r=
epresentation. For example, we can
translate the following Lisp program






;; file demo.lisp

(defun example1 (x)
  (set R0 1)
  (set R1 2)
  (set R3 (+ R1 R2 (* R1 R2 3)))
  (memory-write R4 (+ R3 R1))
  (if (> R0 (* R0 R0))
      (exec-addr 0xDEADBEEF)
    (set R0 (* R0 R2 R3))))







into the BIL (BAP Instruction Language) AST and then pretty print it,



$ bap show --primus-lisp-load=3Ddemo --target=3Darmv7+le -obap:bil example1
example1:
"{
   R0 :=3D 1
   R1 :=3D 2
   R3 :=3D R1 + R2 + R1 * R2 * 3
   mem :=3D mem with [R4] <- low:8[R3 + R1]
   #1 :=3D R0 * R0 < R0
   if (#1) {
     jmp 0xDEADBEEF
   }
   else {
     R0 :=3D R0 * R2 * R3
   }
 }"





This new feature not only allows us to reify our Lisp stubs into static for=
m but also enables the main killer
feature. It is now possible to specify the semantics of machine instruction=
s in Primus Lisp. This feature enables
rapid development and experimentation with CPU semantics. And this brings u=
s to the next new feature.










New Target: RISC-V





The first application of the Primus Lisp Frontend was writing the RISC-V se=
mantics. It took me only one day to write
the semantic of the minimal subset of RISC-V instruction. Well, partially it i=
s because RISCV-V is truly RISC,
like the add instruction just adds,




(defun ADDI (dst rm rn)
  (set$ dst (+ rm rn)))










New Target: ARMv8 (Aarch64)





The next target that we tried was Aarch64, the 64-bit ARM architecture. It =
was a little bit harder but still
definitely more readable than the official ARM semantics.










Adds namespaces (packages) to Primus Lisp





Since now we have much more code in Primus Lisp we found ourselves struggli=
ng with name clashes. The Primus Lisp
program model is a set of mututally recursive overloaded definitions, so na=
ming things is crucial for us. Therefore
we implemented namespaces (which are, following Common Lisp trandition, nam=
ed packages). We ended up in a very Common
Lisp look and fill but without inheriting CL problems, like the dependency =
on the order of inclusion and package
redefinitions, and so on. Given our model, and that Primus Lisp features ty=
pe inference and Haskell-style type
classes for overloading, it wasn't that easy to implement :)










Adds the bap dependencies command





The com=
mand outputs program dependencies such as libraries and symbols. The in=
formation is collected recursively
with various output options, including dependency graph, YAML, JSON, and SE=
XP.





Much like nm~+~ldd on steroids and cross-platform (works on PE=
/ELF/COFF, and on binaries that are not native to the
host). So it could be quite useful even if you're not doing program analysi=
s, but just want to solve a nasty missing
library feature or figure our what programs use what libraries, e.g.,



$ bap dependencies `which ping` --recursive --ldconfig -ograph | graph-easy=
 --as boxart
                     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90
                     =E2=94=82 libresolv.so.2 =E2=94=82 =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90
                     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98                                   =E2=94=
=82
                       =E2=96=B2                                           =
       =E2=94=82
                       =E2=94=82                                           =
       =E2=94=82
                       =E2=94=82                                           =
       =E2=94=82
=E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90     =
=E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90  =E2=94=82
=E2=94=82 libidn.so.11 =E2=94=82 =E2=97=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 =E2=94=82     =
      ping           =E2=94=82 =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=96=B6 =E2=94=82 libnet=
tle.so.6 =E2=94=82  =E2=94=82
=E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98     =
=E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98  =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82         =
     =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82         =
     =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                    =E2=96=BC                 =E2=94=82         =
     =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90  =E2=94=82              =E2=94=
=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=82  libcap.so.2   =E2=94=82  =E2=94=82 =
             =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98  =E2=94=82              =E2=94=
=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82         =
     =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                    =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82         =
     =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                    =E2=96=BC                 =E2=96=BC         =
     =E2=94=82                 =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=82                  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90       =E2=94=82  =
               =E2=94=82
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=96=B6 =E2=94=82        libc.so.6         =E2=94=82 =E2=97=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98                 =E2=94=
=82
                     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98                         =
=E2=94=82
                       =E2=94=82                      =E2=96=B2            =
               =E2=94=82
                       =E2=94=82                      =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=98
                       =E2=96=BC
                     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=90
                     =E2=94=82 ld-linux.so.2  =E2=94=82
                     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=98










What's Next?





We are working on decompilation and integrating with Ghidra, so in 2.4.0 yo=
u should expect that bap will output C
code for binaries. But it is not all, we're even working into turning BAP i=
nto a program analysis framework that
enables analysis of source code programs. And even crazier, we're working o=
n adding compilation capabilities to BAP,
i.e., an ability to compile/recompile the input sources. So soon BAP will o=
utlive its name, or we will need to find a
new interpretation for the BAP acronym, something like the Best Analysis Pl=
atform ;)





We also plan to make BAP more available for non-seasoned OCaml users and wa=
nt to push bap into mainstream Linux
distributions and overall lower the entrance barrier.  Of course, with the =
end goal to lure users into installing
opam))










Questions and Suggestions





Please, do not hesitate to ask questions and provide your suggestions and, =
ideally, join our =
community. Even if
you don't plan to work on binary analysis, BAP offers lots of opportunities=
 for writing your toy programs for
learning the language, or maybe even student projects.

















Building Ahrefs codebase with Melange





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/building-ahrefs-codebase-wit=
h-melange/7941/1








Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced





At Ahrefs, we make extensive use of OCaml and ReScript =E2=80=94previously =
known=
 as
BuckleScript. So we have been following the latest
developments in the ReScript ecosystem with great interest.





A few months ago, Ant=C3=B3nio Monteiro released
Melange, a fork of Re=
Script with an emphasis of keeping compatibility with
OCaml ecosystem. One of the key features of Melange is that it uses OCaml 4=
.12, with all the upsides that that
entails (ppxlib, let syntax, better errors, …). Besides that, Melang=
e has been modeled recently as just a
compiler-libs library, so it can be integrated with other =
OCaml
code in a single opam switch.





We decided to give Melange a try recently at Ahrefs, and shared the results=
 of this experiment in a blog post:





https://tech.ahrefs.com/building-ahrefs-codebase-with-melange-9=
f881f6d022b





We are currently looking into how a deeper integration with Dune would look=
 like. If your team or company has tried
Melange, or is interested on doing so, we would be very interested to hear =
your use cases and share experiences.















Lwt 5.4.1





Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-5-4-1/7943/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





We are glad to announce the release of version 5.4.1 of Lwt: a bugfix-only =
release.





https://githu=
b.com/ocsigen/lwt/releases/tag/5.4.1





You can update to this version in opam:




opam update
opam upgrade lwt





Thanks to the contributors for finding and fixing the bugs, leading to this=
 release. Check out the release notes
(link above) for a full list.




















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 15 to 22, 2021.









First releases of dirsp-exchange: auditable variant of Signal =
Protocol and ProScript-to-OCaml translator





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-releases-of-dirsp-excha=
nge-auditable-variant-of-signal-protocol-and-proscript-to-ocaml-translator/=
8008/1








jbeckford announced





I'm pleased to announce the first release of
dirsp-exchange<=
/a>, available today from the Opam
repositories.





The intent of the [dirsp] libraries is to provide software engineers=
 with auditable source code
that has some level of safety assurance (typically proofs) from security re=
searchers.





The first libraries are:




    

  • dirsp-exchange-kbb2017 0.1.0 - The KBB2017 protocol for securing a two-=
party conversation. Similar to Signal Protocol v3 and Olm Cryptographic Rat=
chet.
    • 

  • dirsp-ps2ocaml 0.1.0 - A ProScript to OCaml translator. ProScript is an=
 executable subset of JavaScript that can be formally verified.
    • 





and a couple more supporting libraries.





dirsp-exchange-kbb2017 has a build process that generates its =
own OCaml code using dirsp-ps2ocaml
on formally verified ProScript source code.





The canonical example for dirsp-exchange-kbb2017 is:






module P       =3D Dirsp_proscript_mirage.Make()
module ED25519 =3D P.=
Crypto.ED25519
module K       =3D Di=
rsp_exchange_kbb2017.Make(P)
module U       =3D K.=
UTIL

(* A=
lice sends a message to Bob *)
let aliceSessionWithBob =3D T.newSession (* ... supply some keys you create with ED25519 an=
d U ... *) ;;
let aliceToBobSendOutput =3D T.send
  aliceIdentityKey
  aliceSessionWithBob
  (P.of_string "Hi Bob!")

(* N=
ow you can send the output "aliceToBobSendOutput" from Alice to Bob.
   Let's switch to Bob's computer. He gets =
notified of a new message using a notification library of
your choosing, and then does ...  *)

let bobSessionWithAlice =3D T.newSession (* ... supply some keys ... *);;
let bobFromAliceReceiveOutput =3D T.recv
  bobIdentityKey
  bobSignedPreKey
  bobSessionWithAlice
  theEncryptedMessageBobReceivedFromAlice
assert (bobFromAliceReceiveOutput.ou=
tput.valid)
Format.printf "Bob just received a new message: %s\n"
  (bobFromAliceReceiveOutput.plaintext |>=
; P.to_bytes |> Bytes.t=
o_string)







These are early releases, especially dirsp-ps2ocaml.





Online docs are at http=
s://diskuv.github.io/dirsp-exchange





Feedback, contributions and downloads are very welcome!















Job offer: 3 year research engineer in static analysis of OCam=
l programs at Inria Rennes





Archive: https:=
//discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-offer-3-year-research-engineer-in-static-analysis=
-of-ocaml-programs-at-inria-rennes/8012/1








Benoit Montagu announced





as part of a project between Inria and Nomadic Labs, we are offering a 3 ye=
ar research engineer
position, to work on static analysis for OCaml programs.
The position will start in October in the Celtique Inria research team, in =
the vibrant city of Rennes,
France.
If you are a talented OCaml programmer, if you are interested in static ana=
lysis, or if you simply want
to know more about this project, please contact me!





The detailed job description is here: https://jobs.inria.fr/public/classic/fr/of=
fres/2021-03821





Please feel free to transfer this announce to people that you think could b=
e interested.















IRC channels available on libera.chat





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-06/msg00014.html=









Deep in this thread, Romain Calascibetta announced




Just to let you know that I spent a time to re-implement the IRC protocol
in OCaml and to deploy a simple MirageOS as
a logger to save discussions into a Git repository. The bot is currently
deployed, the explanation is available here:
https://=
github.com/dinosaure/cri/tree/master/unikernel
And used for #mirage@irc.libera.chat





It's a nice example about MirageOS/unikernel and I may deploy one to save
#ocaml@irc.libera.chat as whitequark already does with her bot.















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta/8016/1








Sora Morimoto announced





Hopefully, this will be the last release before stable 2.0.0. This release =
allows you to add multiple
custom repositories, which enables testing with multicore and beta reposito=
ry.






- name: Use Multicore OCaml
  uses: ocaml/setup-ocaml@v2
  with:
    ocaml-compiler: ocaml-variants.4.12.0+domains+effects
    opam-repositories: |
      multicore: https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/multicore-opam.git
      default: https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository.git

















First release of Jsonxt - a set of JSON parsers and writers




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
first-release-of-jsonxt-a-set-of-json-parsers-and-writers/8018/1








Stephen Bleazard announced





Jsonxt provides a number of JSON parsers and writers for RFC 8259 compliant=
 JSON as well as
non-standard extensions supported by Yojson.  Features include



    

  • RFC 8259 compliant when in strict and basic mode
    • 

  • Performance focused especially for files and strings
    • 

  • Support for standard and extended JSON tree types:

      

    • Strict follows a strict interpretation of RFC 8259 with all numbers rep=
resented as floats.
      • 

    • Basic extends the strict type to include convenience types while mainta=
ining RFC compliance.  This is compatible with Yojson's Basic type
      • 

    • Extended adds additional non-standard types including tuples and varian=
ts and is not RFC compliant. This is compatible with Yojson's Safe type
      • 

    • 

  • A number of different parsers including

      

    • A standard JSON tree parser for various sources including string, file =
and channel
      • 

    • A Stream parser that returns a stream of raw JSON tokens.
      • 

    • A monad based parser compatible with async
      • 

    • 

  • Writers including

      

    • File and string writers
      • 

    • A monad based writer that is compatible with async
      • 

    • A stream writer that converts a stream of JSON tokens
      • 

    • 

  • Support for streaming JSON via the Stream module
    • 

  • Standard interfaces including Yojson compatibility
    • 

  • Support for ppx_deriving_yojson and ppx_yojson_conv<=
/code> via Yojson compatibility
    • 





The package is available via opam, with documentation on
=
github.io.  The source can be found
at github/jsonxt<=
/a>















mula 0.1.0, ML's radishal Universal Levenshtein Automata libra=
ry





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/ann-mula-0-1-0-mls-radishal-universal-levenshtein-automata-library/8021/1<=
/a>








Ifaz Kabir announced





I'm happy to announce the release of my library mula. The pack=
age uses Universal Levenshtein Automata
(ULA) to not only check if a word is within a certain edit distance of anot=
her, but to also output what
the edit distance is! It uses the automata themselves to calculate edit dis=
tances. A fun use case for
this is that we can feed a set of words to the automaton and immediately ra=
nk the words by their edit
distance.





Mula supports both the standard Levenshtein edit distance as w=
ell as the Demarau-Levenshtein distance
which counts transpositions of two adjacent characters as a single edit. I =
also support getting live
error counts, so you can feed part of a string into an automaton, and get t=
he minimum number of errors
that have occurred so far.





I currently have matching working using non-deterministic ULA, but I have p=
artially started the work
toward the deterministic versions. It should be possible to pre-compute the=
 DFAs for up to edit
distance 3 and pack it with the library, never needing to be recomputed bec=
ause the Universal Automata
are independent of the input strings. But the non-deterministic automata su=
pport very large edit
distances: (Sys.int_size - 1)/2, so they have value on their own.





This library came about from a desire to add a "did you mean" feature to a =
toy compiler, but not
wanting to write the kind of dynamic programming code that you can find in =
the OCaml compiler [1] or
merlin/spelll [2,3].





You can find the library here and the documentation
here.
It's not on opam yet, but I have submitted a pull
request.





Happy OCamling!





References:



    

  1. Edit distance in the OCaml compiler. h=
ttps://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/e5e9c5fed56efdd67601e4dbbaebeb134aee361c=
/utils/misc.ml#L516.
    2. 

  2. Edit distance in merlin. https://=
github.com/ocaml/merlin/blob/444f6e000f6b7dc58dac44d6ac096fc0e09894cc/src/u=
tils/misc.ml#L527
    3. 

  3. Edit distance in spelll. https://gith=
ub.com/c-cube/spelll/blob/3da1182256ff2507a0be812f945a7fe1a19adf9b/src/Spel=
ll.ml#L26
    4. 











Ifaz Kabir then added








Some details:





I followed the paper by Touzet [1] as much as possible. If you take a look =
at the code, you'll see a a
lot of +1's for 1-indexing. This was to keep the implementation as close to=
 the paper as possible! (If
you do want to check the implementation against the paper, note that the pa=
per has a typo in Definition 2). For the Demarau-Levenshtein automaton, I a=
dapted Figure 9 from Mitankin's thesis [2]. I'm convinced
that my adaptation works, but my adaptation of Touzet's subsumption relatio=
n for Demarau-Levenshtein
might be slightly sub-optimal. If you have question about the adaptation, f=
eel free to ask!





mula does not completely replace c-cube's spelll =
package. In particular I don't support any indexs,
etc. But there are some interesting differences in the automata they use. (=
w stands for the base word
here)



    

  1. The spelll package creates the Levenshtein Automaton for a=
 single string/word (LA_w), mula uses Universal Levenshtein Au=
tomata (ULA).
    2. 

  2. Spelll computes a DFA from a non-deterministic automaton t=
hat uses eplison transitions. ULA do not have epsilon transitions, but for =
transitions it looks ahead into the base word w. Additionally =
the NFA's states/transitions are computable on the fly, so there is no need=
 to store the NFA in memory.
    3. 

  3. Spelll's automata transitions using characters. mula=
 computes a bitvector from an input character to transition from sta=
tes to states. (Computing the bitvector is where the look ahead comes in).<=
/li>

  4. Spelll's automata return true~/~false, and us=
es a separate function to calculate edit distances. Mula uses =
the automaton itself to calculate edit distances, the outputs have type int option. (LA_w can be modified to support this though!)
    5. 





References:



    

  1. On the Levenshtein Automaton and the Size of the Neighborhood of a Word=
. H=C3=A9l=C3=A8ne Touzet https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01360482/fi=
le/LATA2016.pdf
    2. 

  2. Universal Levenstein Automata: Building and Properties. Petar Nikolaev =
Mitankin. https://store.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/fmi/logic/theses/mitankin-en.pdf<=
/a>
    3. 

















New release of mlcuddidl, the OCaml interface to the CUDD BDD =
library





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/ann-new-release-of-mlcuddidl-the-ocaml-interface-to-the-cudd-bdd-lib=
rary/8028/1








nberth announced





I'm pleased to write this first release announcement for the
mlcuddidl package.





These bindings to the CUDD BDD library were initially written by Bertrand J=
eannet and have been around
as an OPAM package for quite some time now.  The source code is now hosted =
on
framagit.





This release of version 3.0.7 mostly ports the package to OCaml versions =
=E2=89=A5 4.10.















first release of orf: OCaml Random Forests





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of=
-orf-ocaml-random-forests/8034/1








UnixJunkie announced





I finished implementing a classifier and regressor using Random Forests
(seminal paper: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1010933404324):





https://github.com/UnixJunkie=
/orf





Some caveats:



    

  • this is somewhat slow; especially the classifier (and I don=E2=80=99t k=
now so much how to accelerate it; probably two orders of magnitude slower t=
han sklearn).
    • 

  • this is not super generic (int IntMap sparse features only; i.e. a spar=
se vector of integers represents a sample).
    • 





The package is now available in opam (opam install orf).





Two interfaces are exposed:





RFC (for classification)
https=
://github.com/UnixJunkie/orf/blob/master/src/RFC.mli





RFR (for regression)
https=
://github.com/UnixJunkie/orf/blob/master/src/RFR.mli





The test file shows some usage examples:
https=
://github.com/UnixJunkie/orf/blob/master/src/test.ml





If you want to help, I tried to flag a few things for the near future:
https://github.com/Uni=
xJunkie/orf/issues





If you use it and if it is useful to you, I would be happy to know.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 22 to 29,
2021.

Table of Contents
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=80

wasicaml - a code emitter for OCaml targeting WebAssembly
opam 2.1.0~rc2
Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta2
Any OCaml bindings to Apache Arrow?
Compiler engineer for OCaml and WebAssembly, Germany
v3.0.0 release of reparse, reparse-lwt, reparse-lwt-unix
Progress 0.2.0
http-multipart-formdata v2.0.0
Old CWN


wasicaml - a code emitter for OCaml targeting WebAssembly
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  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'd like to announce a new project to develop a code generator that
  emits WebAssembly:

  

  With the support of RemixLabs I could already create a very first
  version that takes the OCaml bytecode as input and translates it to
  WebAssembly.  While this approach probably doesn't lead to the fastest
  code, it is easy to accomplish, and it demonstrates the challenge (and
  already shows how to solve many of the part problems along the road).

  To be precisely, the target of the translator is wasm32-unknown-wasi,
  i.e.  the WASI ABI. This ABI is still in early development, but
  provides already the syscalls (or better, host calls) to access files,
  to get the current time, and to read the environment. This is almost
  enough to run a compiler - I only had to add system() so that ocamlc
  can start external preprocessors.  Also, due to the fact that the
  current wasm implementations still lack exception handling, I had to
  assume the presence of a host emulation of exceptions (which is easy
  to provide if the host environment is Javascript, but not necessarily
  for other environments).

  The translator takes the OCaml bytecode as input, i.e. you first
  create an excecutable

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ ocamlc -o myexec ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and then make wasm out of it:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ wasicaml -o myexec.wasm myexec
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If you omit the .wasm suffix, wasicaml will put a preamble in front of
  the wasm code that starts the execution:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ wasicaml -o myexec_wasm myexec
  =E2=94=82 $ ./myexec_wasm
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Because of this trick, many problems of cross-compiling can be
  avoided.

  You may ask what the benefits of yet another "Web" language are. We
  already have two emitters targeting Javascript - isn't that enough?
  Well, two answers here.

  First, WASI is a proper LLVM target. Because of this, you can link
  code from other languages with your executable (e.g. C or Rust). So
  you are not limited to OCaml but can use any language that also
  targets the WASI ABI. E.g. you can do

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ wasicaml -o myexec.wasm myexec -ccopt -lfoo
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  to also link in libfoo.a (which must also be compiled to wasm). So it
  is multi-lingual from the beginning.

  Second, WebAssembly can be used outside the web, too. WASI targets
  more the command-line, and server plugins, and generally any
  OS-independent environments. For example, imagine you have an Electron
  app with a great UI, but for some special functionality you need to
  include some OCaml code, too. You don't want to give up the
  OS-independence, and WASI gives you now a natural option to add the
  OCaml code. And you still have access to the filesystem without
  hassle. - Another example is edge computing, i.e. when the cloud is
  extended by computers outside the data center, and the code should be
  in a form so that it can be run on as many platforms as possible. -
  All in all, WASI plays well when you need to combine OS-independence
  with a classic way of organizing the code as command or as server
  function, and you also need predictable performance.

  The challenge of translating OCaml to wasm is mainly the garbage
  collector.  Wasm doesn't permit many of the tricks ocamlopt is using
  to know in which memory (or register) locations OCaml values are
  stored. In wasm, there are no registers but the closest vehicle are
  local variables. Now, it is not possible to scan these variables from
  the GC function, making it practically impossible to put OCaml values
  there while a function is called that might trigger a GC. There is
  also no really cheap way of obtaining a stack descriptor.

  Wasicaml inherits the stack from the bytecode interpreter and uses it
  as its own shadow stack for OCaml values. As wasicaml bases on the
  bytecode representation of the code, the bytecode instructions already
  ensure that values always live in this stack when the GC might
  run. Wasicaml additionally tries to identify values that don't need
  this special treatment (like ints and bools) and that are preferably
  stored in local variables, giving the wasm executor freedom to put
  these into registers or other high-speed locations. (Unfortunately,
  most of the type information is already erased in the bytecode, and
  this is definitely one of the deficiencies of the bytecode approach.)

  In order to maximize the performance, it is probably best to avoid the
  stack whenever possible. The current approach of transforming the
  bytecode hasn't brought to an end yet with respect to such
  optimizations. For example, there could be more analyses that figure
  out when GC runs are actually possible and when it is safe to use
  local variables.

  Another problem of the bytecode basis is that all function calls are
  indirect, preventing the wasm executor from inlining functions.

  As a project, I'd like to see wasicaml progressing in two directions.
  First, make the current approach as good as possible - although basing
  it on the bytecode representation has its downsides, it is easy to
  understand and it is possible to figure out what the necessary
  ingredients for fast code are. Second, get an idea where a possible
  real wasm backend would fit into the OCaml compiler (maybe it is c=E2=80=
=93
  but maybe this doesn't give us much and you start better with lambda).

  Anyway, welcome to the new world of WebAssembly!

  Gerd

  PS. If you are interested in WebAssembly and like to work with me on
  another Wasm port for some time, there is a position:
  

  PPS. Wasicaml is a project of Figly, Inc., commonly known as
  RemixLabs, developing a reactive low-code and code collaboration
  platform.  


opam 2.1.0~rc2
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  Archive: 


David Allsopp announced
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  The opam team has great pleasure in announcing opam 2.1.0~rc2!

  The focus since beta4 has been preparing for a world with more than
  one released version of opam (i.e.  2.0.x and 2.1.x). The release
  candidate extends CLI versioning further and, under the hood, includes
  a big change to the opam root format which allows new versions of opam
  to indicate that the root may still be read by older versions of the
  opam libraries. A plugin compiled against the 2.0.9 opam libraries
  will therefore be able to read information about an opam 2.1 root
  (plugins and tools compiled against 2.0.8 are unable to load opam
  2.1.0 roots).

  Please do take this release candidate for a spin! It is available in
  the Docker images at ocaml/opam on [Docker Hub] as the opam-2.1
  command (or you can `sudo ln -f /usr/bin/opam-2.1 /usr/bin/opam' in
  your `Dockerfile' to switch to it permanently). The release candidate
  can also be tested via our installation script (see the [wiki] for
  more information).

  Thank you to anyone who noticed the unannounced first release
  candidate and tried it out. Between tagging and what would have been
  announcing it, we discovered an issue with upgrading local switches
  from earlier alpha/beta releases, and so fixed that for this second
  release candidate.

  Assuming no showstoppers, we plan to release opam 2.1.0 next week. The
  improvements made in 2.1.0 will allow for a much faster release cycle,
  and we look forward to posting about the 2.2.0 plans soon!


[Docker Hub] 

[wiki]



Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta2
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  Archive:
  


Sora Morimoto announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release includes changes to address a corner case primarily
  related to multicore OCaml.

  


Any OCaml bindings to Apache Arrow?
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=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


UnixJunkie asked and Laurent Mazare announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Looks interesting:

        

        

  I've put together some simple [ocaml-arrow] library. It works
  reasonably well and is quite battle tested but definitely needs a bit
  of cleanup as the bits under src/ are deprecated in favor of the ones
  under c_api/. There is also a ppx to automatically convert ocaml
  records to/from arrow. Some examples using this can be seen in the
  [tests directory].

  If there is some interest, I can certainly push up on cleaning this
  and make an actual opam package.


[ocaml-arrow] 

[tests directory]



Compiler engineer for OCaml and WebAssembly, Germany
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are developing a compiler for a no-code platform that translates
  our DSL to bytecode and/or WebAssembly. The language is largely of
  functional type but is also able to manage state with a spreadsheet
  model, allowing reactive programming without having to resort to
  libraries. The language is statically typed using a Hindley-Milner
  type checker. The compiler is primarily written in OCaml. Other
  languages of our platform are Go, C, Elm, and Javascript.

  We are looking for a compiler engineer with skills in code generation
  for WebAssembly:

  =E2=80=A2 Translation of an intermediate representation to WebAssembly
  =E2=80=A2 Writing runtimes and SDKs targeting WebAssembly
  =E2=80=A2 Code optimization

  See the full ad here:
  


v3.0.0 release of reparse, reparse-lwt, reparse-lwt-unix
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Bikal Lem announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce v3.0.0 of `reparse' - an OCaml library for
  constructing various types of parsers in OCaml.

  The release follows a complete overhaul of the internal working of the
  library to achieve the following goals:

  1. Allow construction of efficient, zero-copy parsers. See [String
     parser for example]. The library provides a [Make functor]
     parametrised over a `Promise' and a `Input' type allowing you
     control over both parser memory allocation and copying.

  2. Support usage of async libraries - lwt and async. Following the
     first point the library can now be used together with `lwt' and/or
     `async'. A lwt parse - for example - can now be used seamlessly
     with your other lwt code. The integration is seamless.

  3. Provide `Make_buffered' functor to produce parsers where the input
     type natively doesn't allow random read, for example sockets, lwt
     streams and channels. There is now two new supporting packages
     `reparse-lwt' which provides parsing from `char Lwt_stream.t'
     input type and `reparse-lwt-unix' which provides parsing from
     `Lwt_unix.file_descr' and ~Lwt_unix.input_channel' respectively.

  4. Provide `Make_unbuffered' functor to produce parsers where the
     input type natively supports random read, for example strings,
     bigstrings, bytes.

  5. Introduce function `unsafe_any_char' to allow efficient
     (zero-copy?) parsing.

  6. Prune dependencies by removing `base'.

  P.S. The documentation is bit behind in this release so please bear
  with me while work through the issues in the coming days.

  [Reparse repo]


[String parser for example]


[Make functor]


[Reparse repo]



Progress 0.2.0
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  Archive: 


Craig Ferguson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the 0.2.0 release of [`Progress'], now
  available via Opam.

  

  `Progress' is an OCaml library for defining and using progress
  bars. It has the following features:

  =E2=80=A2 allows user-defined progress bar layouts;
  =E2=80=A2 supports rendering multiple progress bars simultaneously;
  =E2=80=A2 dynamically responds to changes in terminal size;
  =E2=80=A2 supports interleaving logging with progress bar rendering.

  This second release contains a much-improved DSL for specifying
  progress bars, alongside improvements and extensions to the rendering
  logic. The bars in the screenshot above are defined as follows:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let bar ~color ~total =3D
  =E2=94=82   let open Progress.Line in
  =E2=94=82   list
  =E2=94=82     [ spinner ~color:(Progress.Color.ansi ~green) ()
  =E2=94=82     ; brackets (elapsed ())
  =E2=94=82     ; bar ~color total
  =E2=94=82     ; bytes
  =E2=94=82     ; parens (const "eta: " ++ eta total)
  =E2=94=82     ]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It also comes with more complete [documentation] and many more
  [examples], including:

  =E2=80=A2 a Cargo-like progress bar w/ logging of intermediate results:

    

  =E2=80=A2 a Yarn-like stack of spinners:

    

  =E2=80=A2 a showcase of various progress bar styles:

    


  The changelog is [here] and the API documentation is [here]. The
  library is not yet feature-complete, but should still be reasonably
  useful :-) Happy hacking!


[`Progress'] 

[documentation]


[examples] 

[here]


[here] 


http-multipart-formdata v2.0.0
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Bikal Lem announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce v2.0.0 release of
  `http-multpart-formdata'. This release departs from previous in-memory
  representation of http multipart forms to a streaming, memory
  efficient representation. The new streaming mechanism should help when
  processing larg file uploads in your OCaml web applications.

  1. [httpaf sample web app]
  2. [http-multipart-formdata repo]


[httpaf sample web app]


[http-multipart-formdata repo]



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Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 22 to 29, 2021.









wasicaml - a code emitter for OCaml targeting WebAssembly





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-06/msg00017.html








Gerd Stolpmann announced





I'd like to announce a new project to develop a code generator that emits
WebAssembly:





https://github.com/remixlabs/wasicaml





With the support of RemixLabs I could already create a very first version
that takes the OCaml bytecode as input and translates it to WebAssembly.
While this approach probably doesn't lead to the fastest code, it is
easy to accomplish, and it demonstrates the challenge (and already shows how
to solve many of the part problems along the road).





To be precisely, the target of the translator is wasm32-unknown-wasi, i.e.
the WASI ABI. This ABI is still in early development, but provides already
the syscalls (or better, host calls) to access files, to get the current
time, and to read the environment. This is almost enough to run a compiler -
I only had to add system() so that ocamlc can start external preprocessors.
Also, due to the fact that the current wasm implementations still lack
exception handling, I had to assume the presence of a host emulation of
exceptions (which is easy to provide if the host environment is Javascript,
but not necessarily for other environments).





The translator takes the OCaml bytecode as input, i.e. you first create
an excecutable




$ ocamlc -o myexec ...





and then make wasm out of it:




$ wasicaml -o myexec.wasm myexec





If you omit the .wasm suffix, wasicaml will put a preamble in front of the
wasm code that starts the execution:




$ wasicaml -o myexec_wasm myexec
$ ./myexec_wasm





Because of this trick, many problems of cross-compiling can be avoided.





You may ask what the benefits of yet another "Web" language are. We already
have two emitters targeting Javascript - isn't that enough? Well, two
answers here.





First, WASI is a proper LLVM target. Because of this, you can link
code from other languages with your executable (e.g. C or Rust). So
you are not limited to OCaml but can use any language that also targets
the WASI ABI. E.g. you can do




$ wasicaml -o myexec.wasm myexec -ccopt -lfoo





to also link in libfoo.a (which must also be compiled to wasm). So
it is multi-lingual from the beginning.





Second, WebAssembly can be used outside the web, too. WASI targets more
the command-line, and server plugins, and generally any OS-independent
environments. For example, imagine you have an Electron app with a
great UI, but for some special functionality you need to include some
OCaml code, too. You don't want to give up the OS-independence, and
WASI gives you now a natural option to add the OCaml code. And you still
have access to the filesystem without hassle. - Another example is edge
computing, i.e. when the cloud is extended by computers outside the data
center, and the code should be in a form so that it can be run on as many
platforms as possible. - All in all, WASI plays well when you need to
combine OS-independence with a classic way of organizing the code as
command or as server function, and you also need predictable performance.





The challenge of translating OCaml to wasm is mainly the garbage collector.
Wasm doesn't permit many of the tricks ocamlopt is using to know in which
memory (or register) locations OCaml values are stored. In wasm, there are
no registers but the closest vehicle are local variables. Now, it is not
possible to scan these variables from the GC function, making it practically
impossible to put OCaml values there while a function is called that might
trigger a GC. There is also no really cheap way of obtaining a stack
descriptor.





Wasicaml inherits the stack from the bytecode interpreter and uses it as
its own shadow stack for OCaml values. As wasicaml bases on the bytecode
representation of the code, the bytecode instructions already ensure that
values always live in this stack when the GC might run. Wasicaml additionally
tries to identify values that don't need this special treatment (like ints
and bools) and that are preferably stored in local variables, giving the
wasm executor freedom to put these into registers or other high-speed
locations. (Unfortunately, most of the type information is already erased
in the bytecode, and this is definitely one of the deficiencies of the
bytecode approach.)





In order to maximize the performance, it is probably best to avoid the
stack whenever possible. The current approach of transforming the bytecode
hasn't brought to an end yet with respect to such optimizations. For
example, there could be more analyses that figure out when GC runs are
actually possible and when it is safe to use local variables.





Another problem of the bytecode basis is that all function calls are
indirect, preventing the wasm executor from inlining functions.





As a project, I'd like to see wasicaml progressing in two directions.
First, make the current approach as good as possible - although basing
it on the bytecode representation has its downsides, it is easy to understand
and it is possible to figure out what the necessary ingredients for fast
code are. Second, get an idea where a possible real wasm backend
would fit into the OCaml compiler (maybe it is c– but maybe this doesn't
give us much and you start better with lambda).





Anyway, welcome to the new world of WebAssembly!





Gerd





PS. If you are interested in WebAssembly and like to work with me on another
Wasm port for some time, there is a position:
https://www.mixtional.de/recruiting/2021-01/index.html





PPS. Wasicaml is a project of Figly, Inc., commonly known as RemixLabs,
developing a reactive low-code and code collaboration platform.
https://remixlabs.com/















opam 2.1.0~rc2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-1-0-rc2/8042/1








David Allsopp announced





The opam team has great pleasure in announcing opam 2.1.0~rc2!





The focus since beta4 has been preparing for a world with more than one released version of opam (i.e.
2.0.x and 2.1.x). The release candidate extends CLI versioning further and, under the hood, includes a
big change to the opam root format which allows new versions of opam to indicate that the root may
still be read by older versions of the opam libraries. A plugin compiled against the 2.0.9 opam
libraries will therefore be able to read information about an opam 2.1 root (plugins and tools compiled
against 2.0.8 are unable to load opam 2.1.0 roots).





Please do take this release candidate for a spin! It is available in the Docker images at ocaml/opam on
Docker Hub as the opam-2.1 command (or you can sudo ln -f
/usr/bin/opam-2.1 /usr/bin/opam in your Dockerfile to switch to it permanently). The release
candidate can also be tested via our installation script (see the
wiki
for more information).





Thank you to anyone who noticed the unannounced first release candidate and tried it out. Between
tagging and what would have been announcing it, we discovered an issue with upgrading local switches
from earlier alpha/beta releases, and so fixed that for this second release candidate.





Assuming no showstoppers, we plan to release opam 2.1.0 next week. The improvements made in 2.1.0 will
allow for a much faster release cycle, and we look forward to posting about the 2.2.0 plans soon!















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta2/8046/1








Sora Morimoto announced





This release includes changes to address a corner case primarily related to multicore OCaml.





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta2















Any OCaml bindings to Apache Arrow?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/any-ocaml-bindings-to-apache-arrow/8047/2








UnixJunkie asked and Laurent Mazare announced







Looks interesting:





https://arrow.apache.org/





https://arrow.apache.org/overview/







I've put together some simple ocaml-arrow library. It
works reasonably well and is quite battle tested but definitely needs a bit of cleanup as the bits
under src/ are deprecated in favor of the ones under c_api/. There is also a ppx to automatically
convert ocaml records to/from arrow. Some examples using this can be seen in the tests
directory.





If there is some interest, I can certainly push up on cleaning this and make an actual opam package.















Compiler engineer for OCaml and WebAssembly, Germany





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/compiler-engineer-for-ocaml-and-webassembly-germany/8053/1








Gerd Stolpmann announced





We are developing a compiler for a no-code platform that translates our DSL to bytecode and/or
WebAssembly. The language is largely of functional type but is also able to manage state with a
spreadsheet model, allowing reactive programming without having to resort to libraries. The language is
statically typed using a Hindley-Milner type checker. The compiler is primarily written in OCaml. Other
languages of our platform are Go, C, Elm, and Javascript.





We are looking for a compiler engineer with skills in code generation for WebAssembly:




    

  • Translation of an intermediate representation to WebAssembly
    • 

  • Writing runtimes and SDKs targeting WebAssembly
    • 

  • Code optimization
    • 





See the full ad here: https://www.mixtional.de/recruiting/2021-01/index.html















v3.0.0 release of reparse, reparse-lwt, reparse-lwt-unix





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-v3-0-0-release-of-reparse-reparse-lwt-reparse-lwt-unix/8058/1








Bikal Lem announced





I am happy to announce v3.0.0 of reparse - an OCaml library for constructing various types of parsers
in OCaml.





The release follows a complete overhaul of the internal working of the library to achieve the following
goals:




    

  1. Allow construction of efficient, zero-copy parsers. See String parser for example. The library provides a Make functor parametrised over a Promise and a Input type allowing you control over both parser memory allocation and copying.
    2. 


  2. Support usage of async libraries - lwt and async. Following the first point the library can now be used together with lwt and/or async. A lwt parse - for example - can now be used seamlessly with your other lwt code. The integration is seamless.
    3. 


  3. Provide Make_buffered functor to produce parsers where the input type natively doesn't allow random read, for example sockets, lwt streams and channels. There is now two new supporting packages reparse-lwt which provides parsing from char Lwt_stream.t input type and reparse-lwt-unix which provides parsing from Lwt_unix.file_descr and ~Lwt_unix.input_channel' respectively.
    4. 


  4. Provide Make_unbuffered functor to produce parsers where the input type natively supports random read, for example strings, bigstrings, bytes.
    5. 


  5. Introduce function unsafe_any_char to allow efficient (zero-copy?) parsing.
    6. 


  6. Prune dependencies by removing base.
    7. 





P.S. The documentation is bit behind in this release so please bear with me while work through the
issues in the coming days.





Reparse repo















Progress 0.2.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-progress-0-2-0/8063/1








Craig Ferguson announced





I'm pleased to announce the 0.2.0 release of Progress, now
available via Opam.







727d878b6d17f3c48e6946f4df424bcc59938da3.png







Progress is an OCaml library for defining and using progress bars. It has the following features:




    

  • allows user-defined progress bar layouts;
    • 

  • supports rendering multiple progress bars simultaneously;
    • 

  • dynamically responds to changes in terminal size;
    • 

  • supports interleaving logging with progress bar rendering.
    • 





This second release contains a much-improved DSL for specifying progress bars, alongside improvements
and extensions  to the rendering logic. The bars in the screenshot above are defined as follows:






let bar ~color ~total =
  let open Progress.Line in
  list
    [ spinner ~color:(Progress.Color.ansi ~green) ()
    ; brackets (elapsed ())
    ; bar ~color total
    ; bytes
    ; parens (const "eta: " ++ eta total)
    ]







It also comes with more complete
documentation and many more
examples, including:




    

  • 
a Cargo-like progress bar w/ logging of intermediate results:

    



    

    4b148999f7b6029ac0155b049b6a7cf1fa8b40f1_2_1380x500.png

    

    • 


  • 
a Yarn-like stack of spinners:

    



    

    67ccf011a403a4c082829f69d5a609b4c0c23f6e.png

    

    • 


  • 
a showcase of various progress bar styles:

    



    

    d4df4a2df07fd161982243251fbee56d52a4afbf_2_1034x538.png

    

    • 






The changelog is here and
the API  documentation is here. The
library is not yet feature-complete, but should still be reasonably useful :-) Happy hacking!















http-multipart-formdata v2.0.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-http-multipart-formdata-v2-0-0/8064/1








Bikal Lem announced





I am pleased to announce v2.0.0 release of http-multpart-formdata. This release departs from previous
in-memory representation of http multipart forms to a streaming, memory efficient representation. The
new streaming mechanism should help when processing larg file uploads in your OCaml web applications.




    

  1. httpaf sample web app
    2. 

  2. http-multipart-formdata repo
    3. 















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 06 Jul 2021 14:33:43 +0200
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 29 to July
06, 2021.

Table of Contents
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=80

LibreRef - LablGtk-based Digital Reference Tool Application
u2f - universal second factor
Reproducible OPAM packages / MirageOS
Dune 2.9.0
Hardcaml MIPS CPU Learning Project and Blog
dune-release 1.5.0
anders 0.7.1
Old CWN


LibreRef - LablGtk-based Digital Reference Tool Application
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  Archive:
  


Kiran Gopinathan announced
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=E2=94=80

  I'm not sure if this is that close to the typical uses of OCaml, but
  posting this here just in case anyone was interested in another
  end-user facing application using LablGtk.

  

        LibreRef is a free as in freedom digital referencing tool
        for artists.

  It's written in OCaml using LablGtk and Cairo to implement the GUI.

  You can find the source code at: [gitlab] ([github mirror])

  A picture is worth a thousand words, so before I continue, here are a
  few examples of it in action:

  

  

  Overall, getting LablGtk to work was fairly straightforward, although
  the documentation was a bit lacking (although the same might be said
  of Gtk itself).

  I was able to piece together the correct uses of most of the API calls
  by relying on either the examples from the repository or by
  translating snippets of code from online back into LablGtk.

  As for deploying it as an application, I found the AppImage &
  LinuxDeploy toolchain to work well with the resulting binary
  (admittedly I've only tested it with two devices so far), and it meant
  that I could publish the program without having to ask people to setup
  the full OCaml & Opam toolchain, which would probably be a large ask.

  As for the implementation, I think it was fairly elegant (if I say so
  myself :slight_smile:), although I may have gone overboard with
  functors (see this higher-order functor in the GUI interface:
  )
  and some aspects of the separation of concerns weren't so well
  established.


[gitlab] 

[github mirror] 


u2f - universal second factor
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  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
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  it is our pleasure to announce the just released opam package u2f,
  which is a server side implementation of the FIDO standard for
  two-factor authentication using a special device (yubikey etc.). The
  device does challenge-response authentication with the server using
  public key cryptography.

  The implementation is stateless and does not use a specific IO
  library, but only achieves the logic for constructing a registration
  request, verifying a response thereof, and authorization requests with
  responses thereof. Please have a look at
   if you're interested. It is licensed
  under the permissive 2-clause BSD license.

  We use this library in an example server (in the `bin' directory) that
  uses dream. The live server is online at 
  =E2=80=93 please let us know if you run into any trouble, or open an issu=
e on
  the GitHub repository.

  One question though: we're unable to generate the documentation from
  the mli =E2=80=93 already asked on discord with no result. Anyone with a
  better understanding of odoc etc. can take a look why `dune build
  @doc' outputs a nearly empty file? Thanks a lot :)

  The development was sponsored by skolem.tech.


Reproducible OPAM packages / MirageOS
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  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  we are pleased to announce reproducible binary images for MirageOS
  unikernels (see the blog post at
  ). The binaries are located at
   (all components are open source and linked
  from the page).

  Additionally, the required tools to achieve reproducible builds are
  released as binary packages for various operating systems as well on
  the same site. They are used by the infrastructure to run daily builds
  (always with the HEAD of opam-repository to not loose any updates /
  new releases). The custom overlay
   is used that adds some
  development packages.

  Happy to hear your thoughts and feedback here. (Earlier post
  )

  This work was funded by the [NGI Pointer] project "Funding The Next
  Generation Ecosystem of Internet Architects".


[NGI Pointer] 


Dune 2.9.0
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  Archive: 


Emilio Jes=C3=BAs Gallego Arias announced
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear all, on behalf of the Dune team I'm pleased to announce the
  release of Dune 2.9.0. This is the last release on the Dune 2.x series
  and could be considered a maintenance release as it mostly consists on
  bug fixes and miscellaneous tweaks and features for sites,
  instrumentation, and mdx support.

  Please find the full list of changes below:
  =E2=80=A2 Add `(enabled_if ...)' to `(mdx ...)'
    (, @emillon)

  =E2=80=A2 Add support for instrumentation dependencies
    (, fixes
    , @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Add the possibility to use `locks' with the cram tests stanza
    (, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow to set up merlin in a variant of the default context
    (, @TheLortex, @voodoos)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `(package ...)' to `(mdx ...)'
    (, fixes
    , @emillon)

  =E2=80=A2 Handle renaming of `coq.kernel' library to `coq-core.kernel' in=
 Coq
    8.14 (, @proux01)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix generation of merlin configuration when using `(include_sub=
dirs
    unqualified)' on Windows (,
    @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix bug for the install of Coq native files when using
    `(include_subdirs qualified)'
    (, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow users to specify install target directories for `doc' and
    `etc' sections. We add new options `--docdir' and `--etcdir' to both
    Dune's configure and `dune install'
    command. (, fixes
    , @ejgallego, thanks to
    @JasonGross for reporting this issue)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix issue where Dune would ignore `(env ... (coq (flags ...)))'
    declarations appearing in `dune' files
    (, fixes
    , @ejgallego @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Disable some warnings on Coq 8.14 and `(lang coq (>=3D 0.3))' d=
ue to
    the rework of the Coq "native" compilation system
    (, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix a bug where instrumentation flags would be added even if the
    instrumentatation was disabled (@nojb,
    )

  =E2=80=A2 Fix : option `-p' ta=
kes
    now precedence on environement variable `DUNE_PROFILE'
    (,
    , @bobot, reported by
    @dra27 )

  =E2=80=A2 Fix installation with opam of package with dune sites. The
    `.install' file is now produced by a local `dune install' during the
    build phase (,
    , @bobot, reported by
    @kit-ty-kate )

  =E2=80=A2 Fix multiple issues in the sites feature
    (,
     @bobot, reported by
    @Lelio-Brun , by @Kakadu
    , by @toots
    )


Hardcaml MIPS CPU Learning Project and Blog
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  Archive:
  


"Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov announced
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Tl;dr: I=E2=80=99m [writing a blog] about making a MIPS CPU in Hardcaml.

  Hi! My name is Sasha, and I=E2=80=99m a student at Penn State majoring in=
 CS
  and Math. Last semester, I took a computer engineering class where we
  built a pipelined MIPS CPU in Verilog as a semester-long project. I
  enjoyed the class, but a lot of frustration came from Verilog itself.

  A few months ago, I came across the [Signals and Threads Programmable
  Hardware episode]. I really liked the idea of [Hardcaml]: a library to
  write and test hardware designs in OCaml. Representing circuits as
  functions felt like a good abstraction, and I=E2=80=99ve been wanting to =
learn
  OCaml for a while.

  So this summer, a friend and I are rewriting the Verilog MIPS CPU we
  made last semester into Hardcaml.  We=E2=80=99re still working on the pro=
ject,
  but have made some good progress and wanted to share it in case anyone
  finds it interesting / useful. If anyone wants to take a look, it=E2=80=
=99s
  [up on GitHub].

  We=E2=80=99ve written some blog posts about our project:

  1. [Some more background on what we=E2=80=99re doing and why]
  2. [An ELI5 overview of how hardware, and pipelined CPUs in
     particular, work]
  3. [Another high-level overview of Verilog, hardware design, FPGAs,
     and why I think OCaml might be a great fit for hardware design]
  4. [How to set up a Hardcaml project, including testing and Verilog
     generation]
  5. [How to split Hardcaml circuits into multiple modules]

  There=E2=80=99s also a few more that we=E2=80=99ve written code for, but =
are still
  drafting blog posts about:

  =E2=80=A2 How to work with memory in Hardcaml
  =E2=80=A2 How to design stateful, sequential circuits in Hardcaml
  =E2=80=A2 A safer design pattern for Hardcaml circuits

  I=E2=80=99m new to both OCaml and blogging, and this has definitely been =
a fun
  experience so far! Would love to hear any feedback / comments.


[writing a blog] 

[Signals and Threads Programmable Hardware episode]


[Hardcaml] 

[up on GitHub] 

[Some more background on what we=E2=80=99re doing and why]


[An ELI5 overview of how hardware, and pipelined CPUs in particular,
work]


[Another high-level overview of Verilog, hardware design, FPGAs, and why
I think OCaml might be a great fit for hardware design]


[How to set up a Hardcaml project, including testing and Verilog
generation]


[How to split Hardcaml circuits into multiple modules]



dune-release 1.5.0
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  Archive: 


Nathan Rebours announced
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  On behalf of the dune-release team I'm pleased to announce that we're
  releasing dune-release.1.5.0.

  It has been quite a while since the last release so there are numerous
  changes and improvements in this one, along with a lot of bug fixes.

  The two main new features in 1.5.0 are:
  =E2=80=A2 A draft release mode that creates a draft Github release and a =
draft
    PR to opam-repository. It comes with an `undraft' command that will
    undraft both and update the opam file's `url.src' field
    accordingly. We believe this feature will prove helpful to
    maintainers of tools such as `dune' which releases are often watched
    by distribution maintainers. Draft releases allow you to wait until
    you have opam-repository's CI approval to actually create a GH
    release that will notify anyone watching the repository. This
    feature is still a bit experimental, we have ideas on how to improve
    it but we wanted to get a first version out to collect feedback on
    how it is used and what you folks expect from it.
  =E2=80=A2 A `check' command that you can run ahead of a release to know if
    dune-release has all the information it needs in the repository,
    along with running the lint, build and test checks it normally runs
    after building the tarball. We're aware that it can be frustrating
    to see dune-release fail right in the middle of the release
    process. We're trying to improve this situation and this is a first
    step in that direction.

  You can see the full changelog [here]

  You'll note we also deprecated a few features such as delegates (as we
  announced in [this post]), opam 1.x and the `--user' option and
  corresponding config file field.  This release is likely to be the
  last 1.x release of `dune-release' except for important bug fixes as
  we'll start working on 2.0 soon.

  Our main goals for 2.0 are to make the experience for github users as
  seemless as possible. We want the tool to do the right thing for those
  users without them having to configure anything. Delegates got in the
  way there and that's why we're removing them.  We do care about our
  non github users and we've worked on making it as configurable as
  possible so that you can integrate it in your release workflow. The
  situation should already have improved quite a bit with this release
  as we fixed several bugs for non github hosted repositories. We want
  to make sure that these users will be happy with dune-release 2.0 as
  well.  Hopefully in the future dune-release will support other release
  workflows such as handling gitlab hosted repositories but we want to
  make sure our main user base is happy with the tool before adding
  this.

  We'll communicate a bit more on our plans for 2.0 in the next few
  months. Our hope is that it will hit opam before the end of this year.

  We hope that you'll like this new version and wish you all successful
  and happy releases!


[here] 

[this post]



anders 0.7.1
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  Archive: 


Namdak Tonpa announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The HTS language proposed by Voevodsky exposes two different presheaf
  models of type theory: the inner one is homotopy type system presheaf
  that models HoTT and the outer one is traditional Martin-L=C3=B6f type
  system presheaf that models set theory with UIP. The motivation behind
  this doubling is to have an ability to express semisemplicial
  types. Theoretical work on merging meta-theoretical and homotopical
  languages was continued in [2LTT] [Anenkov, Capriotti, Kraus,
  Sattler].

  While we are on our road to HTS with Lean-like tactic language,
  currently we are at the stage of regular cubical (HoTT) type checker
  with CHM-style primitives, or more general CCHM type checker. You may
  try it at Github: [groupoid/anders].

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install anders
  =E2=94=82 $ anders
  =E2=94=82 Anders theorem prover [PTS][MLTT][CCHM-4][HTS].
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82    invoke =3D anders | anders list
  =E2=94=82      list =3D [] | command list
  =E2=94=82   command =3D check filename     | lex filename
  =E2=94=82           | parse filename     | help
  =E2=94=82           | cubicaltt filename | girard
  =E2=94=82           | trace
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Anders is idiomatic and educational. We carefully draw the favourite
  Lean-compatible syntax to fit 130 LOC in Menhir, the MLTT core (based
  on Mini-TT) is 500 LOC and pretypes presheaf is another 500 LOC.


[2LTT] 

[groupoid/anders] 


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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 29 to July 06, 2=
021.









LibreRef - LablGtk-based Digital Reference Tool Application




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
libreref-lablgtk-based-digital-reference-tool-application/8077/1








Kiran Gopinathan announced





I'm not sure if this is that close to the typical uses of OCaml, but postin=
g this here just in case
anyone was interested in another end-user facing application using LablGtk.







3D"b=









LibreRef is a free as in freedom digital referencing tool for artists.







It's written in OCaml using LablGtk and Cairo to implement the GUI.





You can find the source code at: gitlab (=
github
mirror)





A picture is worth a thousand words, so before I continue, here are a few e=
xamples of it in action:







3D"126997c61b83=









3D"49b11ef943e4=







Overall, getting LablGtk to work was fairly straightforward, although the d=
ocumentation was a bit
lacking (although the same might be said of Gtk itself).





I was able to piece together the correct uses of most of the API calls by r=
elying on either the
examples from the repository or by translating snippets of code from online=
 back into LablGtk.





As for deploying it as an application, I found the AppImage & LinuxDepl=
oy toolchain to work well with
the resulting binary (admittedly I've only tested it with two devices so fa=
r), and it meant that I
could publish the program without having to ask people to setup the full OC=
aml & Opam toolchain, which
would probably be a large ask.





As for the implementation, I think it was fairly elegant (if I say so mysel=
f :slight_smile:), although
I may have gone overboard with functors (see this higher-order functor in t=
he GUI interface:
https://gitlab.com/gopiandcode/libre-ref/-/blob/master/gui.mli#L175) and some aspects of the separation
of concerns weren't so well established.















u2f - universal second factor





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-u2f-universal-second-factor/80=
78/1








Hannes Mehnert announced





it is our pleasure to announce the just released opam package u2f, which is=
 a server side
implementation of the FIDO standard for two-factor authentication using a s=
pecial device (yubikey
etc.). The device does challenge-response authentication with the server us=
ing public key cryptography.





The implementation is stateless and does not use a specific IO library, but=
 only achieves the logic for
constructing a registration request, verifying a response thereof, and auth=
orization requests with
responses thereof. Please have a look at https://github.com/roburio/u2f if you're interested. It is
licensed under the permissive 2-clause BSD license.





We use this library in an example server (in the bin directory=
) that uses dream. The live server is
online at https://u2f-demo.robur.co=
op – please let us know if you run into any trouble, or open an
issue on the GitHub repository.





One question though: we're unable to generate the documentation from the ml=
i – already asked on
discord with no result. Anyone with a better understanding of odoc etc. can=
 take a look why dune build @doc outputs a nearly empty file? =
Thanks a lot :)





The development was sponsored by skolem.tech.















Reproducible OPAM packages / MirageOS





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/reproducible-opam-packages-mir=
ageos/8079/1








Hannes Mehnert announced





we are pleased to announce reproducible binary images for MirageOS unikerne=
ls (see the blog post at
https://hannes.robur.coo=
p/Posts/Deploy). The binaries are located at https://builds.robur.coop (all
components are open source and linked from the page).





Additionally, the required tools to achieve reproducible builds are release=
d as binary packages for
various operating systems as well on the same site. They are used by the in=
frastructure to run daily
builds (always with the HEAD of opam-repository to not loose any updates / =
new releases). The custom
overlay https://git.r=
obur.io/robur/unikernel-repo is used that adds some development package=
s.





Happy to hear your thoughts and feedback here. (Earlier post
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/reproducible-builds-with-oca=
ml-opam-and-mirageos/4877)





This work was funded by the NGI Pointer<=
/a> project "Funding The Next Generation
Ecosystem of Internet Architects".















Dune 2.9.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-2-9-0/8087/1








Emilio Jes=C3=BAs Gallego Arias announced





Dear all, on behalf of the Dune team I'm pleased to announce the release of=
 Dune 2.9.0. This is the
last release on the Dune 2.x series and could be considered a maintenance r=
elease as it mostly consists
on bug fixes and miscellaneous tweaks and features for sites,
instrumentation, and mdx support.





Please find the full list of changes below:
















Hardcaml MIPS CPU Learning Project and Blog





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/hardcaml-mips-cpu-lear=
ning-project-and-blog/8088/1








"Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov announced





Tl;dr: I=E2=80=99m writing a blog about making a MIPS CPU in Hardcaml.





Hi! My name is Sasha, and I=E2=80=99m a student at Penn State majoring in C=
S and Math. Last semester, I took a
computer engineering class where we built a pipelined MIPS CPU in Verilog a=
s a semester-long project. I
enjoyed the class, but a lot of frustration came from Verilog itself.





A few months ago, I came across the Signals and Threads Programmable Hardware
episode. I really liked the idea of
Hardcaml: a library =
to write and test hardware designs in
OCaml. Representing circuits as functions felt like a good abstraction, and=
 I=E2=80=99ve been wanting to learn
OCaml for a while.





So this summer, a friend and I are rewriting the Verilog MIPS CPU we made l=
ast semester into Hardcaml.
We=E2=80=99re still working on the project, but have made some good progres=
s and wanted to share it in case
anyone finds it interesting / useful. If anyone wants to take a look, it=E2=
=80=99s up on
GitHub.





We=E2=80=99ve written some blog posts about our project:




    

  1. Some more background on what we=E2=80=99re doing and why
    2. 

  2. An ELI5 overview of how hardware, and pipelined CPUs in parti=
cular, work
    3. 

  3. Another high-level overview of Verilog, hardware design, FPGAs, and wh=
y I think OCaml might be a great fit for hardware design
    4. 

  4. How to set up a Hardcaml project, including testing a=
nd Verilog generation
    5. 

  5. How to split Hardcaml circuits into multiple modules
    6. 





There=E2=80=99s also a few more that we=E2=80=99ve written code for, but ar=
e still drafting blog posts about:




    

  • How to work with memory in Hardcaml
    • 

  • How to design stateful, sequential circuits in Hardcaml
    • 

  • A safer design pattern for Hardcaml circuits
    • 





I=E2=80=99m new to both OCaml and blogging, and this has definitely been a =
fun experience so far! Would love to hear any feedback / comments.















dune-release 1.5.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-release-1-5-0/8095/1








Nathan Rebours announced





On behalf of the dune-release team I'm pleased to announce that we're relea=
sing dune-release.1.5.0.





It has been quite a while since the last release so there are numerous chan=
ges and improvements in this
one, along with a lot of bug fixes.





The two main new features in 1.5.0 are:



    

  • A draft release mode that creates a draft Github release and a draft PR=
 to opam-repository. It comes with an undraft command that wil=
l undraft both and update the opam file's url.src field accord=
ingly. We believe this feature will prove helpful to maintainers of tools s=
uch as dune which releases are often watched by distribution m=
aintainers. Draft releases allow you to wait until you have opam-repository=
's CI approval to actually create a GH release that will notify anyone watc=
hing the repository. This feature is still a bit experimental, we have idea=
s on how to improve it but we wanted to get a first version out to collect =
feedback on how it is used and what you folks expect from it.
    • 

  • A check command that you can run ahead of a release to kno=
w if dune-release has all the information it needs in the repository, along=
 with running the lint, build and test checks it normally runs after buildi=
ng the tarball. We're aware that it can be frustrating to see dune-release =
fail right in the middle of the release process. We're trying to improve th=
is situation and this is a first step in that direction.
    • 





You can see the full changelog here





You'll note we also deprecated a few features such as delegates (as we anno=
unced in this
post), opam 1.x and the --user
option and corresponding config file field.
This release is likely to be the last 1.x release of dune-release except for important bug fixes as
we'll start working on 2.0 soon.





Our main goals for 2.0 are to make the experience for github users as seeml=
ess as possible. We want the
tool to do the right thing for those users without them having to configure=
 anything. Delegates got in
the way there and that's why we're removing them.
We do care about our non github users and we've worked on making it as conf=
igurable as possible so that
you can integrate it in your release workflow. The situation should already=
 have improved quite a bit
with this release as we fixed several bugs for non github hosted repositori=
es. We want to make sure
that these users will be happy with dune-release 2.0 as well.
Hopefully in the future dune-release will support other release workflows s=
uch as handling gitlab
hosted repositories but we want to make sure our main user base is happy wi=
th the tool before adding
this.





We'll communicate a bit more on our plans for 2.0 in the next few months. O=
ur hope is that it will hit
opam before the end of this year.





We hope that you'll like this new version and wish you all successful and h=
appy releases!















anders 0.7.1





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-anders-0-7-1/8098/1








Namdak Tonpa announced





The HTS language proposed by Voevodsky exposes two different presheaf model=
s of type theory: the inner
one is homotopy type system presheaf that models HoTT and the outer one is =
traditional Martin-L=C3=B6f type
system presheaf that models set theory with UIP. The motivation behind this=
 doubling is to have an
ability to express semisemplicial types. Theoretical work on merging meta-t=
heoretical and homotopical
languages was continued in 2LTT [Anenkov, Capriotti, Kraus,
Sattler].





While we are on our road to HTS with Lean-like tactic language, currently w=
e are at the stage of
regular cubical (HoTT) type checker with CHM-style primitives, or more gene=
ral CCHM type checker. You
may try it at Github: groupo=
id/anders.




$ opam install anders
$ anders
Anders theorem prover [PTS][MLTT][CCHM-4][HTS].

   invoke =3D anders | anders list
     list =3D [] | command list
  command =3D check filename     | lex filename
          | parse filename     | help
          | cubicaltt filename | girard
          | trace





Anders is idiomatic and educational. We carefully draw the favourite Lean-c=
ompatible syntax to fit 130
LOC in Menhir, the MLTT core (based on Mini-TT) is 500 LOC and pretypes pre=
sheaf is another 500 LOC.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 20 Jul 2021 14:58:28 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 13 to 20, 2021.









Writing a REST API with Dream





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/writing-a-rest-api-with-dream/8150/1=









Joe Thomas announced





I've written a short blog post about the positive experience I had
using Dream to build a REST API. The accompanying source code is available =
here:





https://github.com/jsthomas=
/sensors





I'm interested in adding more examples and tutorials to the OCaml ecosystem=
 and would be happy to get your feedback
on this writeup (here or via email/github).















OTOML 0.9.0 =E2=80=94 a compliant and flexible TOML parsing, m=
anipulation, and pretty-printing library





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-otoml-0-9-0-a-compliant-and-flexible-toml-=
parsing-manipulation-and-pretty-printing-library/8152/1








Daniil Baturin announced





I don't really like to base a release announcement on bashing another proje=
ct, but this whole project is motivated by
my dissatisfaction with T=
o.ml=E2=80=94the only TOML library for OCaml, so here we
go. OTOML is a TOML library that you (hopefully) can use without writing lo=
ng rants afterwards. ;)





In short:




    

  • TOML 1.0-compliant (To.ml is =
not).
    • 

  • Good error reporting.
    • 

  • Makes it easy to look up nested values.
    • 

  • Bignum and calendar libraries are pluggable via functors.
    • 

  • Flexible pretty-printer with indentation.
    • 





OPAM: https://opam.ocaml=
.org/packages/otoml/
GitHub: https://github.com/d=
mbaturin/otoml





Now let's get to details.





TOML is supposed to be human-friendly so that people can use it as a config=
uration file format. For that, both
developer and end-user experience must be great. To.ml provides neither. I'=
ve been using To.ml in my projects for a
long time, and








Standard compliance





TOML is neither minimal nor obvious really, it's much larger than the commo=
nly used subset and the spec is not
consistent and not easy to read, but To.ml fails at rather well-known thing=
s, like dotted keys, arrays of tables and
heterogeneous arrays.





OTOML passes all tests in the test suite, except the tests related to
bignum support. Those tests fail because the default implementation maps in=
tegers and floats to the native 31/63-bit
OCaml types. More on that later.










Error reporting





Let's look at error reporting. To.ml's response to any parse error is a gen=
eric error with just line and column
numbers.






utop # Toml.Pa=
rser.from_string "foo =3D [" =
;;
- : Toml.Parser.result =3D
`Error
  ("Error in <string> at line 1 at co=
lumn 7 (position 7)",
   {Toml.Parser.source =3D "<string>"; line =3D 1; column =3D 7; p=
osition =3D 7})







Menhir offers excellent tools for error reporting, so I took time to make d=
escriptive messages for many error
conditions (there are generic "syntax erro=
r" messages still, but that's better than nothing at all).






utop # Otoml.P=
arser.from_string_result "foo =3D ["=
 ;;
- : (Otoml.t, string) result =3D
Error
 "Syntax error on line 1, character 8: Malf=
ormed array (missing closing square bracket?)\n"

utop # Otoml.Parser.from_string_resu=
lt "foo =3D {bar " ;;
- : (Otoml.t, string) result =3D
Error
 "Syntax error on line 1, character 12: Key=
 is followed by end of file or a malformed TOML construct.\n"












Looking up nested values





Nested sections are common in configs and should be easy to work with. This=
 is how you do it in OTOML:






utop # let t =3D Otoml.Parser.from_string "[this.is.a.deeply.nested.table]
answer=3D42";;
val t : Otoml.t =3D
  Otoml.TomlTable
   [("this",
     Otoml.TomlTable...

utop # Otoml.find t Otoml.get_integer ["=
this"; "is"; "a"; "deeply"=
; "nested"; "table"; "answer"] ;;
- : int =3D 42







For comparison, this is how it was done in To.ml:






utop # let toml_data =3D=
 Toml.Parser.(from_string "
[this.is.a.deeply.nested.table]
answer=3D42" |> unsafe);;
val toml_data : Typ=
es.table =3D <abstr>

utop # Toml.Lenses.(get toml_data (
  key "this" |-- table
  |-- key "is" |-- table
  |-- key "a" |-- table
  |-- key "deeply" |-- table
  |-- key "nested" |-- table
  |-- key "table" |-- table
  |-- key "answer"|-- int ));;
- : int option =3D Some 42












Extra dependencies





The TOML spec includes first-class RFC3339 dates, for better or worse. The =
irony is that most uses of TOML (and,
indeed, most configuration files in the world) don't need that, so it's arg=
uably a feature bloat=E2=80=94but if we set out to
support TOML as it's defined, that question is academic.





The practical implication is that if the standard library of a language doe=
sn't include a datetime type, a TOML
library has to decide how to represent those values. To.ml makes ISO8601 a =
hard dependency, so if you don't use
dates, you end up with a useless dependency. And if you prefer another libr=
ary (or need functionality no present in
ISO8601), you end up with two libraries: one you chose to use, and one more=
 forced on you.





Same goes for the arbitrary precision arithmetic. Most configs won't need i=
t, but the standard demands it, so
something needs to be done.





Luckily, in the OCaml land we have functors, so it's easy to make all these=
 dependencies pluggable. So I made it a
functor that takes three modules.






module Make (I : TomlIntege=
r) (F : TomlFloat) (D : TomlDateTomlImplementation with type toml_integer =3D I.=
t and type toml_float =3D F.t and type=
 toml_date =3D D.t







This is how to use Zarith for big integers and keep the rest unchanged:






(* No signature ascription:
   `module BigInteger : Otoml.Base.TomlInte=
ger` would make the type t abstract,
   which is inconvenient.
 *)<=
/span>
module BigInteger =3D struct
  type t =3D Z.t
  let of_string =3D Z=
.of_string
  let to_string =3D Z=
.to_string
  let of_boolean b =3D if b then Z.one else Z.zero
  let to_boolean n =3D (n <> Z.zero)
end

module MyToml =3D Oto=
ml.Base.Make (BigInteger) (Otoml.Base.OCamlFloat) (Otoml.Base.StringDate)












Printing





To.ml's printer can print TOML at you, that's for certain. No indentation, =
nothing to help you navigate nested
values.






utop # let toml_data =3D=
 Toml.Parser.(from_string "[foo.bar]\nbaz=3Dfalse\n [foo.quux]\n xyzzy =3D [1,2=
]" |> unsafe) |>
Toml.Printer.string_of_table |> print_endline;;
[foo.bar]
baz =3D false
[foo.quux]
xyzzy =3D [1, 2]







We can do better:






utop # let t =3D Otoml.Parser.from_string "[foo.bar]\nbaz=3Dfalse\n [foo.quux]\n xyzzy =3D [1,2]" |>
Otoml.Printer.to_channel ~indent_width:4 ~collapse_tables:false stdou=
t;;

[foo]

[foo.bar]
    baz =3D false

[foo.quux]
    xyzzy =3D [1, 2]
val t : unit =3D ()

utop # let t =3D Otom=
l.Parser.from_string "[foo.bar]\nbaz=
=3Dfalse\n [foo.quux]\n xyzzy =3D [1,2]" |>
Otoml.Printer.to_channel ~indent_width:4 ~collapse_tables:false ~indent_subtables:true stdout;;

[foo]

    [foo.bar]
        baz =3D false

    [foo.quux]
        xyzzy =3D [1, 2]
val t : unit =3D ()












Maintenance practices





Last but not least, good maintenance practices are also important, not just=
 good code. To.ml is at 7.0.0 now. It has
a CH=
ANGES.md file, but I'm still to see the maintainers
document what the breaking change is, who's affected, and what they should =
do to make their code compatible.





For example, in 6.0.0 the breaking change was a rename from TomlLense=
s to Toml.Lenses. In an earlier release, I
remember the opposite rename. Given the standard compatibility problems goi=
ng unfixed for years, that's like
rearranging furniture when the roof is leaking.





I promise not to do that.










Conclusion





I hope this library will help make TOML a viable configuration file format =
for OCaml programs.





It's just the first version of course, so there's still room for improvemen=
t. For example, the lexer is especially
ugly: due to TOML being highly context-sensitive, it involves massive amoun=
ts of lexer hacks for context tracking.
Maybe ocamllex is a wrong tool for the job abd it should be replaced with s=
omething else (since I'm using Menhir's
incremental API anyway, it's not tied to any lexer API).





The printer is also less tested than the parser, so there may be unhandled =
edge cases. It also has some cosmetic
issues like newlines between parent and child tables.





Any feedback and patches are welcome!

















soupault: a static website generator based on HTML rewriting




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-soupault-a-static-website-generator-based-on-html-rewriting/4126/15








Daniil Baturin announced





soupault 3.0.=
0 is now available.





It now uses the new OTOM=
L library for loading the configs, which has some
positive side effects, e.g. keys in the output of soupault --show-eff=
ective-config (that shows your config plus
default values you didn't set explicitly) now come in the same order as in =
your config file.





It also provides TOML and YAML parsing functions to Lua plugins and has col=
ored log headers (can be disabled with
NO_COLOR environment variables).















OCaml 4.13.0, second alpha release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-13-0-second-alpha-releas=
e/8164/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.13.0 is approaching. We have released a second alpha=
 version to help fellow hackers join us
early in our bug hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the i=
nstallation instructions). You can see the
progress on this front at https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/issues/18791 .





Beyond the usual bug fixes (see the full list below), this second alpha int=
egrates a new feature for native code:
poll points. Those poll points currently fixes some issues with signals in =
non-allocating loops
in native code. More importantly, they are prerequisite for the multicore r=
untime.





Another change is the removal of the removal of interbranch propagation of =
type information.
The feature, already postponed from 4.12, has been removed to focus for now=
 on better error
message in the -principal mode.





If you find any bugs, please report them here:





https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues





The first beta release may follow soon since the opam ecosystem is in quite=
 good shape;
and we are on track for a full release in September.





Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.








Installation instructions





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands





opam update
opam switch create 4.13.0~alpha2 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-reposi=
tory.git







If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:






opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.13.0~a=
lpha2+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






where <option_list> is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-* packa=
ges. For instance, for a flambda and
no-flat-float-array switch:





opam switch create 4.13.0~alpha2+flambda+nffa
--packages=3Docaml-variants.4.13.0~alpha2+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocam=
l-option-no-flat-float-array
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+=
https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git






All available options can be listed with "opam search ocaml-option".





If you want to test this version, it is advised to install the alpha opam r=
epository





https://gi=
thub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository





with





opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-ka=
te/opam-alpha-repository.git






This alpha repository contains various fixes in the process of being upstre=
amed.





The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:












Changes since the first alpha release








New feature




    

  • 10039: Safe=
points
Add poll points to native generated code. These are effectively
zero-sized allocations and fix some signal and remembered set
issues. Also multicore prerequisite.
(Sadiq Jaffer, Stephen Dolan, Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy,
Anmol Sahoo, Mark Shinwell, review by Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy,
and Mark Shinwell)
    • 










New bug fixes




    

  • 10449: Fix =
major GC work accounting (the GC was running too fast). (Damien Doligez, re=
port by Stephen Dolan, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r and Sadiq Jaff=
er)
    • 


  • 10454: Chec=
k row_more in nondep_type_rec.
(Leo White, review by Thomas Refis)
    • 


  • 10468: Corr=
ectly pretty print local type substitution, e.g. type t :=3D …, with=
 -dsource (Matt Else, review by Florian Angeletti)
    • 


  • 10461, 10498: caml_s=
end* helper functions take derived pointers as arguments.  Those mus=
t be declared with type Addr instead of Val. Moreover, poll point insertion=
 must be disabled for caml_send*, otherwise the derived pointe=
r is live across a poll point. (Vincent Laviron and Xavier Leroy, review by=
 Xavier Leroy and Sadiq Jaffer)
    • 


  • 10478: Fix =
segfault under Windows due to a mistaken initialization of thread ID when a=
 thread starts. (David Allsopp, Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, review by Xavi=
er Leroy)
    • 


  • 9525, 10402: ocamldoc only =
create paragraphq at the toplevel of documentation comments (Florian Angele=
tti, report by Hendrik Tews, review by Gabriel Scherer)
    • 


  • 10206: Spli=
t labels and polymorphic variants tutorials
Splits the labels and polymorphic variants tutorial into two. Moves the GAD=
Ts
tutorial from the Language Extensions chapter to the tutorials.
(John Whitington, review by Florian Angeletti and Xavier Leroy)
    • 










Removed feature




    

  • [ breaking change ] 9811: remove propagation from previous branches Type informa=
tion inferred from previous branches was propagated in non-principal mode. =
Revert this for better compatibility with -principal mode. For the time bei=
ng, infringing code should result in a principality warning. (Jacques Garri=
gue, review by Thomas Refis and Gabriel Scherer)
    • 





The up-to-date list of changes for OCaml 4.13 is available at https://github.com/ocaml/oc=
aml/blob/4.13/Changes .



















OCamlFormat 0.19.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-0-19-0/8167/1








Guillaume Petiot announced





We are happy to announce the release of OCamlFormat 0.19.0.





OCamlformat is an auto-formatter for OCaml code, writing the parse tree and=
 comments in a consistent style, so that
you do not have to worry about formatting it by hand, and to speed up code =
review by focusing on the important parts.





OCamlFormat is beta software. We expect the program to change considerably =
before we reach version 1.0.0. In
particular, upgrading the `ocamlformat` package will cause your program to =
get reformatted. Sometimes it is
relatively pain-free, but sometimes it will make a diff in almost every fil=
e. We are working towards having a tool
that pleases most usecases in the OCaml community, please bear with us!





To make sure your project uses the last version of ocamlformat, please set




version=3D0.19.0





in your .ocamlformat file.





Main changes in ocamlformat.0.19.0 are:



    

  • OCaml 4.13 features are supported
    • 

  • ppxlib dependency has been dropped
    • 

  • A new line-endings=3D{lf,crlf} option has been added for w=
indows compatibility
    • 





Here is the full list of changes.





We encourage you to try ocamlformat, that can be installed from opam direct=
ly ( opam install ocamlformat ), but
please remember that it is still beta software. We have a FAQ for new users
 that should help you decide if ocamlformat is the right
choice for you.











Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r then added







A new line-endings=3D{lf,crlf} option has been added for windo=
ws compatibility







Just to expand a bit on this feature: previously, ocamlformat =
would use the system EOL convention (ie LF on
Unix-like OSs and CRLF on Windows). This meant that if you applied oc=
amlformat on systems with different EOL
conventions, you would get a diff on every line on every file purely due to=
 the changed newlines. Furthermore, this
meant ocamlformat was hard to use if your project used LF on W=
indows (a common usage).





With the new option, ocamlformat enforces a given EOL conventi=
on. The system EOL convention is no longer used for
any purpose and the EOL convention used is the one specified in ocaml=
format's config (LF by default).















OCaml Caf=C3=A9: Wed, Aug 4 @ 7pm (U.S. Central)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-cafe-wed-aug-4-7pm-u-s-=
central/8169/1








Michael Bacarella announced





Please join us at the next OCaml Cafe, a friendly, low stakes opportunity t=
o ask questions about the OCaml language
and ecosystem, work through programming problems that you=E2=80=99re stuck =
on, and get feedback on your code. Especially
geared toward new and intermediate users, experienced OCaml developers will=
 be available to answer your questions.
Bring your code and we=E2=80=99ll be happy to review it, assist with debugg=
ing, and provide recommendations for improvement.





This month, OCaml Caf=C3=A9 will consist of two parts. First, Rudi Grinberg=
 of OCaml Labs will
present an informal introduction to Dune, the OCaml build system. Learn about Dune from one
the people developing it. Following Rudi=E2=80=99s presentation, we will op=
en the discussion to all things OCaml-related.





Full Zoom meeting details here.
















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 27 Jul 2021 10:54:41 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 20 to 27,
2021.

Table of Contents
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=80

pyre-ast: full-fidelity Python parser in OCaml
OCaml+Opam Images for Docker for Windows
Borns a stream talking about OCaml/Reason & ReScript language
An Update on the State of the PPX Ecosystem and `ppxlib''s Transition
How to send email from Dream
Old CWN


pyre-ast: full-fidelity Python parser in OCaml
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  Archive:
  


Jia Chen announced
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  I am happy to announce the initial opam release of [`pyre-ast'], a
  Python parsing library.

  The library features its full-fidelity to the official Python
  spec. Apart from a few technical edge cases, as long as a given file
  can be parsed/rejected by the CPython interpreter, `pyre-ast' will be
  able to parse/reject it as well. Furthermore, abstract syntax trees
  obtained from `pyre-ast' is guaranteed to 100% match the results
  obtained by Python's own `ast.parse' API, down to every AST node and
  every line/column number.

  Another notable feature of this library is that it represents the
  Python syntax using the *tagless-final style*. This style typically
  offers more flexibility and extensibility for the downstream consumers
  of the syntax, and allow them to build up their analysis without
  explicitly constructing a syntax tree. That said, for developers who
  are less familiar with the tagless-final approach, we also offer
  alternative interfaces that operates on traditional syntax tree
  represented as algebraic data types.

  Documentation of the library can be found [here].

  The reason why we can can claim full-conformance with CPython is
  really simple: the library is, under the hood, merely an OCaml wrapper
  around the parsing logic in CPython source code.  The project was
  initially motivated to replace the custom `menhir'-based parser
  currently used in the Pyre type checker (hence the name), but I
  figured that it would be useful to release this as a standalone `opam'
  package to the community so other static Python analyzers or other
  DSLs with Python-based syntax can leverage it as well.

  The library has yet to be put into production for Pyre (I'm working on
  it though) so please do expect bugs/jankiness at times. Feedback and
  bug reports are very welcomed.

  Happy parsing!


[`pyre-ast'] 

[here] 


OCaml+Opam Images for Docker for Windows
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  Archive:
  


Antonin D=C3=A9cimo announced
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  I'm glad to announce the availability of OCaml and opam [native
  Windows Container][windows-containers] images for Docker for
  Windows. This is the result of my hard work at Tarides, with precious
  help from @dra27, @talex5, @avsm, and the rest of the team.

  They can be found under the [ocaml/opam][hub] repository in the Docker
  Hub. Try them with [Docker for Windows][docker-for-windows]! Be sure
  to [switch Docker to Native Windows Containers][enable-native].

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 docker run -it ocaml/opam:windows-mingw
  =E2=94=82 docker run -it ocaml/opam:windows-msvc
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We provide images for the mingw-w64 (from OCaml 4.02 to 4.12) and the
  MSVC (from OCaml 4.06 to 4.12) ports. They are based on each release
  of Windows 10 amd64 currently supported by [Microsoft on the Docker
  Hub][mcr]. The images use opam 2.0, and we plan to update to opam 2.1
  when it's released. The images also ship a [Cygwin][cygwin]
  installation, [Git for Windows][git-for-windows], and the [winget
  package manager][winget].

  We use @fdopen's [OCaml for Windows][ocaml-for-windows] distribution
  and opam-repository fork. As it is getting deprecated at the end of
  August 2021, we'll transition to opam 2.1 and the standard
  opam-repository when that happens.

  In order to get the correct environment for any `RUN' command
  involving OCaml or opam, prefix the command with

  =E2=80=A2 `ocaml-env exec --64 --' if based on mingw-w64; or
  =E2=80=A2 `ocaml-env exec --64 --ms=3Dvs2019 --' if based on MSVC.

  The images are built at , using an
  [OCurrent][ocurrent] pipeline that [builds Docker
  images][docker-base-images]. You can rebuild them yourself using the
  [OCluster][ocluster] set of tools that I have ported to Windows.

  We provide a comprehensive set of tags (replace _port_ with either
  _mingw_ or _msvc_):
  =E2=80=A2 `windows-port': the latest version of OCaml for each Windows
    version;
  =E2=80=A2 `windows-port-winver': the latest version of OCaml for Windows =
10
    _winver_;
  =E2=80=A2 `windows-port-ocaml-mlver': OCaml version _mlver_ for each Wind=
ows
    version;
  =E2=80=A2 `windows-port-winver-ocaml-mlver': OCaml version _mlver_ for Wi=
ndow
    10 _winver_.

  When the Windows version is not specified in the tag, the image is a
  multiarch image that will work on every supported version of Windows
  10. Docker automatically selects the appropriate one based on the host
  version.

  We will be using these images in the upcoming `ocaml-ci' and
  `opam-repo-ci' for Windows.

  Further work on these include the transition to opam 2.1, and we'll
  provide the Cygwin port of OCaml when it's fixed upstream and
  available in the Cygwin package repository.

  Happy hacking!


Borns a stream talking about OCaml/Reason & ReScript language
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  Archive:
  


David Sancho announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm very excited to announce starting a new show in Twitch to bring
  OCaml, Reason and ReScript community best brains to casually
  talk. It's called emelleTV

  It's made by [@fakenickels] and myself [@davesnx], and we will try to
  do our best!

  Our first guest is [@___zth___]

  

  We go live on [http://twitch.tv/emelletv] next Wednesday.  Subscribe
  to not miss it!

  Thanks for reading, hope to see you there!


[@fakenickels] 

[@davesnx] 

[@___zth___] 

[http://twitch.tv/emelletv] 


An Update on the State of the PPX Ecosystem and `ppxlib''s Transition
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  Archive:
  


Sonja Heinze announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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  I hope you're all having a nice summer (or a nice whichever season
  you're in, of course)!  We've set up a new [wiki page on the ppxlib
  repository] containing a status overview of the current `ppxlib'
  transition, which aims at keeping the PPX ecosystem always
  up-to-date. We'll keep that wiki page up-to-date, as well.

  @jeremiedimino and @NathanReb have already explained our three-part
  plan for this transition in different posts here on discuss. Nothing
  has changed in that plan, but it has been a while since we [last
  posted about the overall transition] and even longer since we [last
  posted about the `Astlib' transition in detail]. So if you want, you
  can refresh your memory about that transition and get updated about
  its current state (in more detail than the new wiki page) by reading
  this post.


[wiki page on the ppxlib repository]


[last posted about the overall transition]


[last posted about the `Astlib' transition in detail]


Which Issues `ppxlib' was Facing
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  With `ocaml-migrate-parsetree' (`OMP'), the PPX ecosystem became
  cross-compiler-compatible.  With `ppxlib', the latest compiler
  features were supported more easily and broadly within the PPX
  ecosystem, while `ppxlib' also brought along other improvements such
  as the one in performance and the clear composition semantics when
  using several PPXs. With that, both `OMP' and `ppxlib' have taken away
  several maintenance burdens from the PPX maintainers and have created
  a more homogeneous and up-to-date PPX ecosystem. However, we were
  facing the following issues:
  1. To keep the PPX ecosystem cross-compiler compatible
     1. `ppxlib' was handling parts of the unstable `compiler-libs' API
        to abstracting them away;
     2. the `OMP~/~ppxlib' maintainers needed to keep the AST migration
        information up-to-date by coordination with the compiler devs.
  2. To guarantee new feature support, `ppxlib' needed to bump the
     `ppxlib' AST to the newest version.
  3. Bumping the AST implies a breaking change. That was an issue for a
     homogeneous and up-to-date PPX ecosystem.
  4. Not all PPXs migrated from `OMP' to `ppxlib'. That was also an
     issue for a homogeneous and up-to-date PPX ecosystem.

  Some time ago, there was the very ambitious plan of tackling Issues 1,
  2, and 3 all at once by writing a stable AST abstraction and
  upstreaming it to the compiler. That plan has been put on ice for
  now. Instead we're currently on track with a more down-to-earth plan,
  outlined below.


Tackling the Issues in Three Parts
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

  The plan we're currently following contains three simultaneous
  parts. It approaches three of the four issues I've pointed out
  above. However, it leaves the need to bump the AST (Issue 2)
  untouched.


Part One: `Astlib' as an Interface between `ppxlib' and the Compiler
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84

  The first part works towards continuous cross-compiler compatibility
  (Issue 1 above) while making the situation of still having PPXs based
  on `OMP' (Issue 4 above) even more of a problem. It consists of
  implementing an interface module called `Astlib' between `ppxlib' and
  the compiler, then upstreaming it to the compiler. As long as `Astlib'
  is stable and up-to-date, the rest of `ppxlib' won't be affected by
  any compiler changes=E2=80=94neither by new AST versions nor by compiler
  library changes.

  The first step of this part of the plan was moving the `OMP' driver
  and other `OMP' features from `OMP' to `ppxlib'. That was done in
  August 2020, and it introduced `OMP2'. Since the PPX driver has to be
  unique, this was the start of having the PPX ecosystem split into the
  two incompatible worlds of `OMP1' PPXs on one hand and `ppxlib' PPXs
  on the other hand.

  By now, we have written [`Astlib' as an internal `ppxlib' library] and
  have reduced `ppxlib''s compiler library usage as much as possible to
  keep `Astlib' minimal. As you can see, it contains a minimal compiler
  library sub-API in addition to the former `OMP' modules of our
  supported ASTs and the migration information between them. We will
  upstream `Astlib' to the compiler asking for it to be kept stable and
  up-to-date, while also keeping our local copy for old compiler
  support.


[`Astlib' as an internal `ppxlib' library]



Part Two: Sending Patch PRs when Bumping the AST
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  So, thanks to Part One of the plan, `ppxlib' will always be compatible
  with the development compiler _OCaml trunk_ and the newest compiler
  version. However, to also support the newest compiler features, we
  need to bump the internal `ppxlib' AST to the newest version. That
  modifies some of the AST nodes and so it breaks any PPX that rewrites
  one of those nodes (Issue 3 above). Usually just a handful of PPXs are
  affected, but we still want them to be up-to-date.

  Our current plan doesn't provide a solution for that problem, but it
  does make handling the problem more efficient and, once again, it
  takes away the burden from the PPX maintainers.  Since the AST bump to
  `4.10', whenever we bump the AST, we send patch PRs to the PPXs we
  break. Not much has changed since February, when @NathanReb last
  [explained our workflow of sending patch PRs] in detail.  To some it
  up: we create a workspace with all `ppxlib' reverse dependencies on
  opam fulfilling a certain standard, which we call the
  _ppx-universe_. We then fix the PPXs that break all at once and open
  the PRs.

  Lately, the _ppx-universe_ has also proven very useful to make
  well-founded decisions regarding our API by having an easy look at our
  reverse dependencies. You can find a [_ppx-universe_ snapshot],
  currently from March, on our repo.

  In our experience, once the _ppx-universe_ is created and "builds up
  to the expected breakages," writing a couple of patches takes very
  little time, so we plan to make the tooling that creates and interacts
  with the workspace more sophisticated.


[explained our workflow of sending patch PRs]


[_ppx-universe_ snapshot] 


Part Three: Porting PPXs to Put an End to the "Split-World Situation"
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  As explained above, Part One split the PPXs into the two incompatible
  worlds of `OMP1' PPXs on one hand and `ppxlib' PPXs on the other
  hand. That made the fact that some PPXs were still based on `OMP'
  (Issue 4 above) even more of a problem. For some PPX maintainers, the
  reason to avoid porting their PPXs to `ppxlib' was that `ppxlib'
  depended on `base' and `stdio', so we decided to tackle this situation
  by three means:

  =E2=80=A2 Dropping the `base' and the `stdio' dependencies, which was don=
e in
    August last year. Now, all dependencies are the very basic `ocaml',
    `dune', `ocaml-compiler-libs', `stdlib-shims', `sexplib0' and
    `ppx_derivers'.
  =E2=80=A2 Porting and reviewing some of the most important PPXs ourselves=
. So
    far we've ported `js_of_ocaml', `bisect_ppx', and `tyxml' with the
    help of the respective maintainers, and we've also reviewed several
    ports.
  =E2=80=A2 Spreading the word about the need to port PPXs and asking for h=
elp.

  About a year ago, we made a non-exhaustive [list of PPXs that needed
  to be ported].  Since then, this community has proven to be awesome
  and there has been an amazing porting effort by a lot of people. So by
  now, all packages on that list have been ported with the exception of
  one(*). So hopefully the "split world" situation can soon be
  considered past.  :tada:

  By the way, thanks to all involved in porting PPXs to `ppxlib'! It has
  been a great joint effort so far. :heart: And if anyone still has or
  comes across a project somewhere that needs porting and wants to port
  it, that's awesome!

  You can find the full list of opam packages that are still stuck in
  the `OMP1' world by [filtering for them in opam's health check
  pipeline].  However, notice that that's a generated list, so it also
  contains libraries that intrinsically form part of the `OMP1'
  ecosystem (such as `ppx_tools_versioned'), PPXs that have already been
  ported but haven't relesed their port on opam yet (such as
  `graphql_ppx'), deprecated PPXs that aren't marked as deprecated yet
  (such as `mirage-dns'), and several PPXs that only transitively depend
  on `OMP1'.

  (*) `ppx_import' has a PR for a port to `ppxlib', but it's not quite
  ready to be merged just yet.


[list of PPXs that needed to be ported]


[filtering for them in opam's health check pipeline]



How to send email from Dream
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Joe Thomas announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99ve written a short [blog post ] about what I learned building s=
imple
  email features for a web server written in the Dream framework. The
  accompanying source code is available here:

  

  I=E2=80=99m interested in adding more examples and tutorials to the OCaml
  ecosystem and would be happy to get your feedback, positive or
  negative, on this write-up (here or via email/github/discord).


[blog post ] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 20 to 27, 2021.









pyre-ast: full-fidelity Python parser in OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-pyre-ast-ful=
l-fidelity-python-parser-in-ocaml/8177/1








Jia Chen announced





I am happy to announce the initial opam release of
pyre-ast=
, a Python parsing library.





The library features its full-fidelity to the official Python spec. Apart f=
rom a few
technical edge cases, as long as a given file can be parsed/rejected by the=
 CPython
interpreter, pyre-ast will be able to parse/reject it as well.=
 Furthermore, abstract syntax
trees obtained from pyre-ast is guaranteed to 100% match the r=
esults obtained by Python's
own ast.parse API, down to every AST node and every line/colum=
n number.





Another notable feature of this library is that it represents the Python sy=
ntax using the
tagless-final style. This style typically offers more flexibility an=
d extensibility for the
downstream consumers of the syntax, and allow them to build up their analys=
is without
explicitly constructing a syntax tree. That said, for developers who are le=
ss familiar with
the tagless-final approach, we also offer alternative interfaces that opera=
tes on traditional
syntax tree represented as algebraic data types.





Documentation of the library can be found
here.





The reason why we can can claim full-conformance with CPython is really sim=
ple: the library
is, under the hood, merely an OCaml wrapper around the parsing logic in CPy=
thon source code.
The project was initially motivated to replace the custom menhir-based parser currently
used in the Pyre type checker (hence the name), but I figured that it would=
 be useful to
release this as a standalone opam package to the community so =
other static Python analyzers
or other DSLs with Python-based syntax can leverage it as well.





The library has yet to be put into production for Pyre (I'm working on it t=
hough) so please
do expect bugs/jankiness at times. Feedback and bug reports are very welcom=
ed.





Happy parsing!















OCaml+Opam Images for Docker for Windows





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-opam-images=
-for-docker-for-windows/8179/1








Antonin D=C3=A9cimo announced





I'm glad to announce the availability of OCaml and opam [native Windows
Container][windows-containers] images for Docker for Windows. This is the r=
esult of my hard
work at Tarides, with precious help from @dra27, @talex5, @avsm, and the re=
st of the team.





They can be found under the [ocaml/opam][hub] repository in the Docker Hub.=
 Try them with
[Docker for Windows][docker-for-windows]! Be sure to [switch Docker to Nati=
ve Windows
Containers][enable-native].






docker run -it ocaml/opam:windows-mingw
docker run -it ocaml/opam:windows-msvc







We provide images for the mingw-w64 (from OCaml 4.02 to 4.12) and the MSVC =
(from OCaml 4.06
to 4.12) ports. They are based on each release of Windows 10 amd64 currentl=
y supported by
[Microsoft on the Docker Hub][mcr]. The images use opam 2.0, and we plan to=
 update to opam
2.1 when it's released. The images also ship a [Cygwin][cygwin] installatio=
n, [Git for
Windows][git-for-windows], and the [winget package manager][winget].





We use @fdopen's [OCaml for Windows][ocaml-for-windows] distribution and op=
am-repository
fork. As it is getting deprecated at the end of August 2021, we'll transiti=
on to opam 2.1 and
the standard opam-repository when that happens.





In order to get the correct environment for any RUN command in=
volving OCaml or opam, prefix
the command with




    

  • ocaml-env exec --64 -- if based on mingw-w64; or
    • 

  • ocaml-env exec --64 --ms=3Dvs2019 -- if based on MSVC.
    • 





The images are built at https=
://base-images.ocamllabs.io/, using an [OCurrent][ocurrent]
pipeline that [builds Docker images][docker-base-images]. You can rebuild t=
hem yourself using
the [OCluster][ocluster] set of tools that I have ported to Windows.





We provide a comprehensive set of tags (replace p=
ort with either mingw or msvc):



    

  • windows-port: the latest version of OCaml for each Windows=
 version;
    • 

  • windows-port-winver: the latest version of OCaml for Windo=
ws 10 winver;
    • 

  • windows-port-ocaml-mlver: OCaml version mlver for each Windows version;
    • 

  • windows-port-winver-ocaml-mlver: OCaml version mlver for Window 10 winver<=
/span>.
    • 





When the Windows version is not specified in the tag, the image is a multia=
rch image that
will work on every supported version of Windows 10. Docker automatically se=
lects the
appropriate one based on the host version.





We will be using these images in the upcoming ocaml-ci and opam-repo-ci for Windows.





Further work on these include the transition to opam 2.1, and we'll provide=
 the Cygwin port
of OCaml when it's fixed upstream and available in the Cygwin package repos=
itory.





Happy hacking!















Borns a stream talking about OCaml/Reason & ReScript langu=
age





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an=
n-borns-a-stream-talking-about-ocaml-reason-rescript-language/8185/1








David Sancho announced





I'm very excited to announce starting a new show in Twitch to bring OCaml, =
Reason and
ReScript community best brains to casually talk. It's called emelleTV





It's made by @fakenickels a=
nd myself
@davesnx, and we will try to do=
 our best!





Our first guest is @___zth___







3D=







We go live on http://twitch.tv/emelle=
tv next Wednesday.
Subscribe to not miss it!





Thanks for reading, hope to see you there!















An Update on the State of the PPX Ecosystem and ppxlib's Transition





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/an-update-on-the-state-of-the-ppx-ecosystem-and-ppxlib-s-transition/8200/=
1








Sonja Heinze announced





I hope you're all having a nice summer (or a nice whichever season you're i=
n, of course)!
We've set up a new wiki page on the ppxlib
repository
containing a status overview of the current ppxlib transition,=
 which aims at keeping the
PPX ecosystem always up-to-date. We'll keep that wiki page up-to-date, as w=
ell.





@jeremiedimino and @NathanReb have already explained our three-part plan fo=
r this transition
in different posts here on discuss. Nothing has changed in that plan, but i=
t has been a while
since we last posted about the overall
transition and
even longer since we last posted about the Astlib transition in
detail. So if you want, you
can refresh your memory about that transition and get updated about its cur=
rent state (in
more detail than the new wiki page) by reading this post.








Which Issues ppxlib was Facing





With ocaml-migrate-parsetree (OMP), the PPX ecosy=
stem became cross-compiler-compatible.
With ppxlib, the latest compiler features were supported more =
easily and broadly within the
PPX ecosystem, while ppxlib also brought along other improveme=
nts such as the one in
performance and the clear composition semantics when using several PPXs. Wi=
th that, both
OMP and ppxlib have taken away several maintenanc=
e burdens from the PPX maintainers and
have created a more homogeneous and up-to-date PPX ecosystem. However, we w=
ere facing the
following issues:



    

  1. To keep the PPX ecosystem cross-compiler compatible

      

    1. ppxlib was handling parts of the unstable compiler-l=
ibs API to abstracting them away;
      2. 

    2. the OMP~/~ppxlib maintainers needed to keep the AST migrat=
ion information up-to-date by coordination with the compiler devs.
      3. 

    2. 

  2. To guarantee new feature support, ppxlib needed to bump th=
e ppxlib AST to the newest version.
    3. 

  3. Bumping the AST implies a breaking change. That was an issue for a homo=
geneous and up-to-date PPX ecosystem.
    4. 

  4. Not all PPXs migrated from OMP to ppxlib. Tha=
t was also an issue for a homogeneous and up-to-date PPX ecosystem.
    5. 





Some time ago, there was the very ambitious plan of tackling Issues 1, 2, a=
nd 3 all at once
by writing a stable AST abstraction and upstreaming it to the compiler. Tha=
t plan has been
put on ice for now. Instead we're currently on track with a more down-to-ea=
rth plan, outlined
below.










Tackling the Issues in Three Parts





The plan we're currently following contains three simultaneous parts. It ap=
proaches three of
the four issues I've pointed out above. However, it leaves the need to bump=
 the AST (Issue 2)
untouched.








Part One: Astlib as an Interface between=
 ppxlib and the Compiler





The first part works towards continuous cross-compiler compatibility (Issue=
 1 above) while
making the situation of still having PPXs based on OMP (Issue =
4 above) even more of a
problem. It consists of implementing an interface module called Astli=
b between ppxlib and
the compiler, then upstreaming it to the compiler. As long as Astlib<=
/code> is stable and
up-to-date, the rest of ppxlib won't be affected by any compil=
er changes=E2=80=94neither by new AST
versions nor by compiler library changes.





The first step of this part of the plan was moving the OMP dri=
ver and other OMP features
from OMP to ppxlib. That was done in August 2020,=
 and it introduced OMP2. Since the PPX
driver has to be unique, this was the start of having the PPX ecosystem spl=
it into the two
incompatible worlds of OMP1 PPXs on one hand and ppxlib<=
/code> PPXs on the other hand.





By now, we have written Astlib as an internal ppxlib
library and have reduced ppxlib's
compiler library usage as much as possible to keep Astlib mini=
mal. As you can see, it
contains a minimal compiler library sub-API in addition to the former OMP modules of our
supported ASTs and the migration information between them. We will upstream=
 Astlib to the
compiler asking for it to be kept stable and up-to-date, while also keeping=
 our local copy
for old compiler support.










Part Two: Sending Patch PRs when Bumping the AST





So, thanks to Part One of the plan, ppxlib will always be comp=
atible with the development
compiler OCaml trunk and the newest compil=
er version. However, to also support the newest
compiler features, we need to bump the internal ppxlib AST to =
the newest version. That
modifies some of the AST nodes and so it breaks any PPX that rewrites one o=
f those nodes
(Issue 3 above). Usually just a handful of PPXs are affected, but we still =
want them to be
up-to-date.





Our current plan doesn't provide a solution for that problem, but it does m=
ake handling the
problem more efficient and, once again, it takes away the burden from the P=
PX maintainers.
Since the AST bump to 4.10, whenever we bump the AST, we send =
patch PRs to the PPXs we
break. Not much has changed since February, when @NathanReb last =
ppx-universe. We then fix the PPXs that
break all at once and open the PRs.





Lately, the ppx-universe has also proven v=
ery useful to make well-founded decisions
regarding our API by having an easy look at our reverse dependencies. You c=
an find a
ppx-universe snapshot, currently from March,
on our repo.





In our experience, once the ppx-universe i=
s created and "builds up to the expected
breakages," writing a couple of patches takes very little time, so we plan =
to make the
tooling that creates and interacts with the workspace more sophisticated.










Part Three: Porting PPXs to Put an End to the "Split-=
World Situation"





As explained above, Part One split the PPXs into the two incompatible world=
s of OMP1 PPXs
on one hand and ppxlib PPXs on the other hand. That made the f=
act that some PPXs were still
based on OMP (Issue 4 above) even more of a problem. For some =
PPX maintainers, the reason
to avoid porting their PPXs to ppxlib was that ppxlib depended on base and stdio, so
we decided to tackle this situation by three means:




    

  • Dropping the base and the stdio dependencies,=
 which was done in August last year. Now, all dependencies are the very bas=
ic ocaml, dune, ocaml-compiler-libs,=
 stdlib-shims, sexplib0 and ppx_derivers.
    • 

  • Porting and reviewing some of the most important PPXs ourselves. So far=
 we've ported js_of_ocaml, bisect_ppx, and =
tyxml with the help of the respective maintainers, and we've also re=
viewed several ports.
    • 

  • Spreading the word about the need to port PPXs and asking for help.
    • 





About a year ago, we made a non-exhaustive list of PPXs =
that needed to be
ported.
Since then, this community has proven to be awesome and there has been an a=
mazing porting
effort by a lot of people. So by now, all packages on that list have been p=
orted with the
exception of one(*). So hopefully the "split world" situation can soon be c=
onsidered past.
:tada:





By the way, thanks to all involved in porting PPXs to ppxlib! =
It has been a great joint
effort so far. :heart: And if anyone still has or comes across a project so=
mewhere that needs
porting and wants to port it, that's awesome!





You can find the full list of opam packages that are still stuck in the OMP1 world by
filtering for them in opam's health check
pipeline.
However, notice that that's a generated list, so it also contains libraries=
 that
intrinsically form part of the OMP1 ecosystem (such as p=
px_tools_versioned), PPXs that
have already been ported but haven't relesed their port on opam yet (such a=
s graphql_ppx),
deprecated PPXs that aren't marked as deprecated yet (such as mirage-=
dns), and several PPXs
that only transitively depend on OMP1.





(*) ppx_import has a PR for a port to ppxlib, but=
 it's not quite ready to be merged just
yet.



















How to send email from Dream





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/how-to-send-email-from-dream/8201/1








Joe Thomas announced





I=E2=80=99ve written a short blog post  about what I
learned building simple email features for a web server written in the Drea=
m framework. The
accompanying source code is available here:





https://github.=
com/jsthomas/dream-email-example





I=E2=80=99m interested in adding more examples and tutorials to the OCaml e=
cosystem and would be
happy to get your feedback, positive or negative, on this write-up (here or=
 via
email/github/discord).















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 10 Aug 2021 18:47:33 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 03 to 10, 2021.









Lwt 5.4.2





Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-5-4-2/8248/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





We are glad to announce the release of version 5.4.2 of Lwt: a bugfix-only =
release.





https://githu=
b.com/ocsigen/lwt/releases/tag/5.4.2





You can update to this version in opam :




opam update
opam upgrade lwt





Thanks to the contributors for finding and fixing the bugs, leading to this=
 release. Check
out the release notes (link above) for a full list.















OCaml Workshop 2021: Call for Volunteers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-workshop-2021-call-f=
or-volunteers/8253/1








Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour announced





The OCaml Workshop will be held virtually, just like last year. We are look=
ing for volunteers
to fill the role of session host.








Session Hosts





On August 27, the session hosts will assist session chairs in streaming the=
 pre-recorded
videos as well as helping and moderating the Q&A sessions. They will al=
so be responsible for
security and be ready to react to potential threats and wrongdoers.





This year there will be only one broadcast for each session, but the worksh=
op day will be
quite long. There will be six sessions, lasting one hour and a half, as wel=
l as a one hour
keynote.








Duties




    

  • Moderating the text chats
    • 

  • Controlling microphones in the video-conferencing
    • 

  • Watching for the time
    • 

  • Performing sound checks
    • 

  • Welcoming and otherwise guiding participants
    • 



















opam 2.1.0!





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-1-0/8255/1








R. Boujbel announced





We are happy to announce two opam releases: the freshly new
2.1.0 &=
; the LTS support
2.0.9.








What's new in opam 2.1.0?




    

  • Integration of system dependencies (formerly the `opam-depext` plugin),=
 increasing their reliability as it integrates the solving step
    • 

  • Creation of lock files for reproducible installations (formerly the `op=
am-lock` plugin)
    • 

  • Switch invariants, replacing the "base packag=
es" in opam 2.0 and allowing for easier compiler upgrades
    • 

  • Improved options configuration (see the new `option` and expanded `var`=
 sub-commands)
    • 

  • CLI versioning, allowing cleaner deprecations for opam now and also imp=
rovements to semantics in future without breaking backwards-compatibility

  • opam root readability by newer and older versions, even if the format c=
hanged
    • 

  • Performance improvements to opam-update, conflict messages, and many ot=
her areas
    • 





You'll find these features presentation in the blog
post ; and for a full complete you can take a look
pre-releases changelogs<=
/a>.










What's in 2.0.9





This 2.0.9 version contains back-ported fixes, you can find more informatio=
n in this blog
post, especially for fish users & sandbox updates.





Tremendous thanks to all involved people, all those who've tested, re-te=
sted, tested again, given feedback, commented on issues, tested, tested, te=
sted again…!





The opam team =F0=9F=90=AA

















containers 3.5





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-containers-3-5/8257/1








Simon Cruanes announced





I'm glad to announce that version 3.5 of
containers has j=
ust been released. There's a
bugfix for bitvectors, and a tasteful assortment of new functions (see chan=
gelog). I want to
thank all the contributors, among whom first time contributor @favonia.





The release and changelog can be found
he=
re















Short contract job for OCaml/C++ programmer





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/short-contract-job-for-o=
caml-c-programmer/8260/1








Ashish Agarwal announced





We have a small project (possibly only days of work) for an experienced OCa=
ml and C++
programmer. If you are available for a short engagement as a contractor, pl=
ease DM me. Thank
you.















http-multipart-formdata v3.0.1 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-http-multipart-for=
mdata-v3-0-1-released/8261/1








Bikal Lem announced





I am pleased to announce v3.0.1 of http-multipart-formdata. Th=
is release follows a major
overhaul of the parser as well as the design of the library. Here is the su=
mmary of changes:




    

  1. Flatten module Part_header to part_header
    2. 

  2. Implement reader/pull based parser to retrieve multipart parts, i.e. im=
plement a streaming design. This is very useful if the HTTP fi=
le upload is large.
    3. 

  3. Implement push-based incremental input model, i.e. the library is now a=
 non-blocking multipart parser
    4. 

  4. Remove dependency on IO based libs such as lwt, async sinc=
e it is no longer needed due to point 3 above.
    5. 





Github repo: http-multipart-formdata





API doc : API
manual















wtr (Well Typed Router) v2.0.0 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-wtr-well-typed-route=
r-v2-0-0-released/8262/1








Bikal Lem announced





I am pleased to announce v2.0.0 release of wtr (Well Typed Router). wtr is a trie-based
router for OCaml HTTP web applications.





v2.0.0 release adds support for specifying and matching HTTP methods in a r=
outer. So now we
can do the following;





Wtr.(
    create
      [ {%wtr| get,post,head,delete =
 ; /home/about/  |} about_page
      ; {%wtr| head                 =
 ; /home/:int/   |} prod_page
      ]






Note: we can specify single or multiple HTTP methods supported by a route.





The release also features a pretty-printer - Wtr.pp - for a Wtr.t type. This has proven
to be very useful when diagnosing/understanding routing issues. Sample outp=
ut below,



POST
  /home
    /about
      /
    /:float
      /
HEAD
  /home
    /about
      /
    /:int
      /





The manual has also been improved in this release.

















New playlist just dropped





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-playlist-just-dropped/8272/1








Rahul announced





Haven't watched them all yet, but these look like they'd be a great resourc=
e for anyone
wanting to learn OCaml:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DMUcka_SvhLw&=
amp;list=3DPLre5AT9JnKShBOPeuiD9b-I4XROIJhkIU















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 10 to 17, 2021.









http-multipart-formdata v3.0.1 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-http-multipart-for=
mdata-v3-0-1-released/8261/2








Continuing the thread from last week, Hannes Mehnert =
asked





Thanks for your work on that. I'm curious about the different "multipart" l=
ibraries now
available for OCaml – anyone has a brief comparison of them?







Are there functional differences? Correctness? Performance? Or just a matte=
r of style and
co-development?











Bikal Lem replied





One obvious difference among the three is http-multipart-formdata doesn't depend on any
IO/Promise libraries, such as lwt or async. so you may find it easier to in=
tegrate in your
project.





mulitpart-form-data exposes a callback based streaming api, wh=
ereas http-multipart-formdata
exposes a non-callback, non-blocking based API streaming api.





The API surface of http-multipart-formdata is kept as low as p=
ossible, primarily 3 API
calls - boundary, reader and read call.





The dependency list of http-multipart-formdata is the thinnest=
. This may or may not be an
issue depending on your aesthetics. However, relatively/comparatively the l=
ess your
dependencies, the easier it is to integrate the lib with other OCaml libs a=
nd environments
such as various OSes.











Bikal Lem added





I should also add http-multipart-formdata has been implemented=
 with zero-copy streaming and
minimal allocation in mind.















Call for participation: ML Family Workshop 2021





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-08/msg00005.html=









Jonathan Protzenko announced





We are happy to announce that the ML Family Workshop is back for its
2021 edition, which we will be held online on Thursday August 26th, in
conjunction with ICFP 2021. We invite you to subscribe to, and attend
the workshop, in addition to the main ICFP conference.





We are thrilled to announce that Don Syme will give this year's keynote:
"Narratives and Lessons from The Early History of F#". Please join us!





The program features 14 exciting submissions, including 4 short talks.
The workshop will be held online in the 6pm-3am time band (Seoul Time).
Talks will be pre-recorded and uploaded online for those who cannot attend.










Program committee




    

  • Danel Ahman (University of Ljubljana)
    • 

  • Robert Atkey (University of Strathclyde)
    • 

  • Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour (Tarides)
    • 

  • Ezgi =C3=87i=C3=A7ek (Facebook London)
    • 

  • Youyou Cong (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
    • 

  • Richard A. Eisenberg (Tweag I/O)
    • 

  • Martin Elsman (University of Copenhagen, Denmark)
    • 

  • Ohad Kammar (University of Edinburgh)
    • 

  • Naoki Kobayashi (University of Tokyo, Japan)
    • 

  • Beno=C3=AEt Montagu (Inria)
    • 

  • Jonathan Protzenko (Microsoft Research) (Chair)
    • 

  • Kristina Sojakova (INRIA Paris)
    • 

  • Don Syme (Microsoft)
    • 

  • Mat=C3=ADas Toro (University of Chile)
    • 

  • Katsuhiro Ueno (Tohoku University)
    • 

















Coq-of-ocaml to translate OCaml to Coq





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/coq-of-ocaml-to-translate-o=
caml-to-coq/8288/1








Guillaume Claret announced





I am pleased to present the coq-of-ocaml project,
to translate a subset of OCaml to the Coq=
 proof assistant. The aim
is to do formal verification on OCaml programs. The idea is to generate a C=
oq translation as
close as possible to the original code in terms of intent but using the Coq=
 syntax. As a
short example, if we take the following OCaml code and run coq-of-oca=
ml:





type 'a tree =3D
| Leaf of 'a
| Node of 'a tree * 'a tree

let rec sum tree =3D
  match tree with
  | Leaf =
n -> n
  | Node =
(tree1, tree2) -> sum tree1 + sum tree2






we get the following Coq file:





Require Import CoqOfOCaml.CoqOfOCaml.
Require Import CoqOfOCaml.Settings.

Inductive tree (a : Set) : Set :=3D
| Leaf : a -> tree a
| Node : tree a -> tree a -> tree a.

Arguments Leaf {_}.
Arguments Node {_}.

Fixpoint sum (tree : tree int) : int :=3D
  match tree with
  | Leaf n =3D> n
  | Node tree1 tree2 =3D> Z.add (sum tree1) (sum tree2)
  end.







We support the following OCaml features:



    

  • the core of OCaml (functions, let bindings, pattern-matching,…)<=
/li>

  • type definitions (records, inductive types, synonyms, mutual types)
    • 

  • monadic programs
    • 

  • modules as namespaces
    • 

  • modules as polymorphic records (signatures, functors, first-class modul=
es)
    • 

  • multiple-file projects (thanks to Merlin)
    • 

  • both .ml and .mli files
    • 

  • existential types (we use impredicative sets option in Coq)
    • 





We also have some support for the GADTs, the polymorphic variants, and the =
extensible types.
We are in particular working on having an axiom-free translation of the GAD=
Ts to Coq. We do
not support:



    

  • side-effects outside of a monad (references, exceptions, …);
    • 

  • object-oriented programming;
    • 

  • various combinations of OCaml features for which coq-of-ocaml should generate a warning.
    • 





Our main example and use case is the
coq-tezos-of=
-ocaml project. This
contains a translation of most of the economic
protocol of the
Tezos blockchain (around 30.000 lines of=
 OCaml translated to 40.000
lines of Coq). For example, we verify the comparison functions defined in
src/proto_alpha/lib_protocol/script_compara=
ble.ml
with
src/Proto_alpha/Proofs/Script_comparable.v.





We are looking for the application to other projects too.





We think the best way to use coq-of-ocaml is to continue devel=
oping in OCaml and run
coq-of-ocaml to keep a synchronized translation in Coq. Having=
 a working Coq translation
(as compiling in Coq) forces us to avoid some OCaml constructs. We believe =
these constructs
would probably be hard to verify anyway. Then, on the Coq side, we can veri=
fy some important
or easy to catch properties. If there is a regression in the OCaml code, re=
-running
coq-of-ocaml should make the proofs break.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 24 Aug 2021 15:44:25 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 17 to 24,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

routes v1.0.0 released
Feather 0.3.0
Release of GopCaml-mode (0.0.3) and GopCaml-mode-Merlin (0.0.4) - Wizardry =
release
Share my experience about running OCaml on WebAssembly
Old CWN


routes v1.0.0 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anurag Soni announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'd like to announce release of version 1.0.0 of [routes]. The PR to
  opam repository has been merged, and the new release should be
  available via opam once the package cache refreshes.

  *Routes* provides a DSL for bi-directional URI dispatch. It allows
  writing route definitions that can be used for both matching, and
  printing URI paths.

  Changes since the last opam release:

  =E2=80=A2 Support for merging two routers by adding a union operation ([#=
115],
    [@Chattered])
  =E2=80=A2 Support for wildcard parameters ([#118], [#129], [@Lupus]) ->
    Compile time checks ensure that wildcard parameters can only be
    defined at the end of a route
  =E2=80=A2 Support `map' operation for path parameter definitions, and sup=
port
    defining path prefixes that can be pre-prended to other routes
    ([#121], [@Chattered])
  =E2=80=A2 Addition of a `ksprintf' style function for routes. ([#123],
    [@Chattered])

  Examples of how to use the library are available in the [tests] and in
  a [small demo]

  Documentation can be found [here]

  *Edit*

  1.0.0 is available via opam now -
  


[routes] 

[#115] 

[@Chattered] 

[#118] 

[#129] 

[@Lupus] 

[#121] 

[#123] 

[tests]


[small demo]


[here] 


Feather 0.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Charles announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I'm happy to announce Feather 0.3.0! Feather is a minimal library for
  bash-like scripting and process execution.  ([github/tutorial],
  [documentation]) This release adds two major features:


[github/tutorial] 

[documentation]


1. A new interface for collecting the exit status, stdout, and stderr of a =
Feather command.
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  For example, you can easily print a process's stderr if it exits
  non-zero:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Feather;;
  =E2=94=82 let stderr, status =3D
  =E2=94=82   process "ls" [ "/tmp/does-not-exist" ] |> collect stderr_and_=
status
  =E2=94=82 in
  =E2=94=82 if status <> 0 then failwith ("ls failed with stderr:\n" ^ stde=
rr)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where the types are

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val process : string -> string list -> cmd
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 type 'a what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82 val stderr_and_status : (string * int) what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val collect :
  =E2=94=82   ?cwd:string ->
  =E2=94=82   ?env:(string * string) ->
  =E2=94=82   'a what_to_collect ->
  =E2=94=82   cmd ->
  =E2=94=82   'a
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  as you can imagine, we expose several of these
  `what_to_collect''s. Here's the full set:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val stdout : string what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82 val stderr : string what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82 val status : int what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val stdout_and_stderr : (string * string) what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82 val stdout_and_status : (string * int) what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82 val stderr_and_status : (string * int) what_to_collect
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 type everything =3D { stdout : string; stderr : string; status =
: int }
  =E2=94=82 val everything : everything what_to_collect
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  We considered different design approaches here. I think what we landed
  on keeps the call site readable and the types of the interface simple.

  It should be noted: the simplest way to run a command without
  collecting anything is to use [Feather.run].


[Feather.run]



2. The ability to wait on background processes and collect their output.
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Starting with Feather 0.1.0, you were able to start processes in the
  background, but the only way to wait for them to complete was to use
  Feather's [async wrapper].  For those wanting an async-less,
  direct-style interface, we now expose new methods to do this properly:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type 'a background_process
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val run_in_background :
  =E2=94=82   ?=E2=81=A0cwd:string ->
  =E2=94=82   ?=E2=81=A0env:(string * string) Base.list ->
  =E2=94=82   cmd ->
  =E2=94=82   unit background_process
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val collect_in_background :
  =E2=94=82   ?cwd:string ->
  =E2=94=82   ?env:(string * string) list ->
  =E2=94=82   'a what_to_collect ->
  =E2=94=82   cmd ->
  =E2=94=82   'a background_process
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val wait : 'a background_process -> 'a
  =E2=94=82 val wait_all : unit -> unit
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where an example use might be

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let server_process =3D
  =E2=94=82    process "my-server.exe" [] |> collect_in_background stdout_a=
nd_status
  =E2=94=82 in
  =E2=94=82 ... do other things ...
  =E2=94=82 match Feather.wait server_process with
  =E2=94=82 | (stdout, 0) -> ...
  =E2=94=82 | (_, 1) -> ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks again to @Firobe and @tmarti2 for their contributions to this
  release! I think we've made a lot of progress here and I'm excited to
  see where things go :slight_smile:


[async wrapper]



Release of GopCaml-mode (0.0.3) and GopCaml-mode-Merlin (0.0.4) - Wizardry =
release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kiran Gopinathan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the latest version of *GopCaml-mode* (0.0.3),
  and the new release of *GopCaml-mode-Merlin* (0.0.4).

  GopCaml-mode-Merlin is a brand *new!* variant of GopCaml-mode that
  uses the Merlin parser rather than the OCaml compiler-libs one, and
  thus has some level of robustness to invalid syntax:

  

  If that's piqued your interest, I'd recommend checking out the release
  posts for the previous versions for more details on what GopCaml can
  do, and how to get it: [0.0.2 release], [0.0.1 release]

  The Merlin parser seems to assign text-regions for syntactic
  constructs slightly more liberally than the standard OCaml parser, so
  the overlays can feel a bit weird if you're used to the normal GopCaml
  overlays, but the benefit is that all your favorite structural
  movement/transformation operations work even when you're dealing with
  ill-formed programs, allowing for a more fluid editing experience:

  


[0.0.2 release]


[0.0.1 release]


Detailed Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 *new!* [for GopCaml-mode-Merlin] *Robustness to ill-formated sy=
ntax*
    =E2=80=A2 Vendored a copy of Merlin to reuse its parser and thereby gain
      it's robustness to invalid syntax.
  =E2=80=A2 *new!* *Added support for customisable verbosity*
    =E2=80=A2 Customise the Emacs variable `gopcaml-messaging-level` to cha=
nge
      the level of messages that are output by GopCaml. Set it to
      `'none` to disable messages entirely.
  =E2=80=A2 *new!* *Fixed bug when starting zipper mode at the start of a f=
ile.*
    =E2=80=A2 Zipper mode selects the immediately prior byte position to av=
oid
      inconsistencies when the cursor is just on the edge of an
      expression, but when the cursor is at position 1, this causes an
      error as 0 is not a valid point.
  =E2=80=A2 *new!* *Special casing of shebangs*
    =E2=80=A2 Added support for handling shebangs at the start of a buffer.
    =E2=80=A2 Implemented as part of a larger library for preprocessing
      buffertext before running the parser on it - could be extended to
      support additional preprocessing in the future.
    =E2=80=A2 Another possible direction for extension is to use an Emacs
      callback to modify the text, although this may not be ideal, as
      the parsing has to be as fast as possible.


Get Gopcaml-mode
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Its as easy as 1, 2, 3!

  1. Install from opam (either `gopcaml-mode` xor
     `gopcaml-mode-merlin`):

     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 opam install gopcaml-mode
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     or
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 opam install gopcaml-mode-merlin
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  2. Compile your emacs with support for dynamic modules
  3. Load gopcaml-mode in your init.el:
     =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
     =E2=94=82 (let ((opam-share (ignore-errors (car (process-lines "opam" =
"var" "share")))))
     =E2=94=82     (when (and opam-share (file-directory-p opam-share))
     =E2=94=82       ;; Register Gopcaml mode
     =E2=94=82       (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "emacs/site-=
lisp" opam-share))
     =E2=94=82 	(autoload 'gopcaml-mode "gopcaml-mode" nil t nil)
     =E2=94=82 	(autoload 'tuareg-mode "tuareg" nil t nil)
     =E2=94=82 	(autoload 'merlin-mode "merlin" "Merlin mode" t)
     =E2=94=82       ;; Automatically start it in OCaml buffers
     =E2=94=82       (setq auto-mode-alist
     =E2=94=82       (append '(("\\.ml[ily]?$" . gopcaml-mode)
     =E2=94=82 	  ("\\.topml$" . gopcaml-mode))
     =E2=94=82 	auto-mode-alist))
     =E2=94=82       ))
     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  See the [release post ] for version 0.0.1 for detailed instructions on
  how you can install it.


[release post ]



Contribute
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Github: [GitHub - Gopiandcode/gopcaml-mode: [MIRROR] Ultimate O=
caml
    Editing Mode]
  =E2=80=A2 Gitlab: [Kiran Gopinathan / gopcaml-mode =C2=B7 GitLab ]


[GitHub - Gopiandcode/gopcaml-mode: [MIRROR] Ultimate Ocaml Editing
Mode] 

[Kiran Gopinathan / gopcaml-mode =C2=B7 GitLab ]



Share my experience about running OCaml on WebAssembly
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Vincent Chan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In the last two weeks, I was working on migrating OCaml to
  WebAssembly. I wrote an article to share my experience.

  [Run OCaml in the browser by WebAssembly | by Vincent Chan | Aug, 2021
  | Medium]


[Run OCaml in the browser by WebAssembly | by Vincent Chan | Aug, 2021 |
Medium]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 17 to 24, 2021.









routes v1.0.0 released





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-routes-v1-0-0-released/8319/1








Anurag Soni announced





I'd like to announce release of version 1.0.0 of routes. The PR to opam
repository has been merged, and the new release should be available via opa=
m once the package cache refreshes.





Routes provides a DSL for bi-directional URI dispatch. It allows wri=
ting route definitions that can be used for
both matching, and printing URI paths.





Changes since the last opam release:




    

  • Support for merging two routers by adding a union operation (#115, @Chattered)
    • 

  • Support for wildcard parameters (#118, #129, @Lupus) -&g=
t; Compile time checks ensure that wildcard parameters can only be defined =
at the end of a route
    • 

  • Support map operation for path parameter definitions, and =
support defining path prefixes that can be pre-prended to other routes (#121, @Chattered)
    • 

  • Addition of a ksprintf style function for routes. (#123, @Chattered)
    • 





Examples of how to use the library are available in the
tests and
in a small
demo





Documentation can be found here





Edit





1.0.0 is available via opam  now - http://opam.ocaml.org/packages/routes/routes.1.0.0/=
















Feather 0.3.0





Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-feather-0-3-0/8322/1








Charles announced





I'm happy to announce Feather 0.3.0! Feather is a minimal library for bash-=
like scripting and process execution.
(github/tutorial,
d=
ocumentation) This release adds two major features:








1. A new interface for collecting the exit status, st=
dout, and stderr of a Feather command.





For example, you can easily print a process's stderr if it exits non-zero:






open Feather;;
let stderr, status<=
/span> =3D
  process "ls" [ "/tmp/does-not-exist" ] |> collect stderr_and_status
in
if status <> 0 then failwith ("ls failed with stderr:\n" ^ stderr)






where the types are






val process : string -&g=
t; string list -> cmd

type 'a what_to_collect
val stderr_and_status : (string * int) what_to_coll=
ect

val collect :
  ?cwd:string ->
  ?env:(string * string) ->
  'a what_to_collect ->
  cmd ->
  'a







as you can imagine, we expose several of these what_to_collect=
's. Here's the full set:






val stdout : string what=
_to_collect
val stderr : string what_to_collect
val status : int what_to_collect

val stdout_and_stderr : (string * string) what_to_c=
ollect
val stdout_and_status : (string * int) what_to_coll=
ect
val stderr_and_status : (string * int) what_to_coll=
ect

type everything =3D { stdout : string; stderr : stri=
ng; status : int }
val everything : everything what_to_collect






We considered different design approaches here. I think what we landed on k=
eeps the call site readable and the types
of the interface simple.





It should be noted: the simplest way to run a command without collecting an=
ything is to use
Feather.run.










2. The ability to wait on background processes and co=
llect their output.





Starting with Feather 0.1.0, you were able to start processes in the backgr=
ound, but the only way to wait for them to
complete was to use Feather's async
wrapper.  For those wanting an
async-less, direct-style interface, we now expose new methods to do this pr=
operly:






type 'a background_process

val run_in_background :
  ?⁠cwd:string ->
  ?⁠env:(string * string) Base.list ->
  cmd ->
  unit background_process

val collect_in_background :
  ?cwd:string ->
  ?env:(string * string) list ->
  'a what_to_collect ->
  cmd ->
  'a background_process

val wait : 'a background_process -> 'a
val wait_all : unit -> unit






where an example use might be






let server_process =3D
   process "my-server.exe" [] |> collect_in_background stdout_and_status
in
... do other things ...
match with
| (stdout, 0) -> ...
| (_, 1) -> ...







Thanks again to @Firobe and @tmarti2 for their contributions to this releas=
e! I think we've made a lot of progress
here and I'm excited to see where things go :slight_smile:

















Release of GopCaml-mode (0.0.3) and GopCaml-mode-Merlin (0.0.4=
) - Wizardry release





Archive: https://discu=
ss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-gopcaml-mode-0-0-3-and-gopcaml-mode-merlin-0-=
0-4-wizardry-release/8333/1








Kiran Gopinathan announced





I'm pleased to announce the latest version of GopCaml-mode (0.0.3), =
and the new release of
GopCaml-mode-Merlin (0.0.4).





GopCaml-mode-Merlin is a brand new! variant of GopCaml-mode that use=
s the Merlin parser rather than the OCaml
compiler-libs one, and thus has some level of robustness to invalid syntax:







3D"a09586b9db3b=







If that's piqued your interest, I'd recommend checking out the release post=
s for the previous versions for more
details on what GopCaml can do, and how to get it: 0.0.2
release, 0.0.1
release





The Merlin parser seems to assign text-regions for syntactic constructs sli=
ghtly more liberally than the standard
OCaml parser, so the overlays can feel a bit weird if you're used to the no=
rmal GopCaml overlays, but the benefit is
that all your favorite structural movement/transformation operations work e=
ven when you're dealing with ill-formed
programs, allowing for a more fluid editing experience:







3D"9f2976b47018=










Detailed Changelog




    

  • new! [for GopCaml-mode-Merlin] Robustness to ill-formated syn=
tax

      

    • Vendored a copy of Merlin to reuse its parser and thereby gain it's rob=
ustness to invalid syntax.
      • 

    • 

  • new! Added support for customisable verbosity

      

    • Customise the Emacs variable `gopcaml-messaging-level` to change the le=
vel of messages that are output by GopCaml. Set it to `'none` to disable me=
ssages entirely.
      • 

    • 

  • new! Fixed bug when starting zipper mode at the start of a fi=
le.

      

    • Zipper mode selects the immediately prior byte position to avoid incons=
istencies when the cursor is just on the edge of an expression, but when th=
e cursor is at position 1, this causes an error as 0 is not a valid point.<=
/li>

    • 

  • new! Special casing of shebangs

      

    • Added support for handling shebangs at the start of a buffer.
      • 

    • Implemented as part of a larger library for preprocessing buffertext be=
fore running the parser on it - could be extended to support additional pre=
processing in the future.
      • 

    • Another possible direction for extension is to use an Emacs callback to=
 modify the text, although this may not be ideal, as the parsing has to be =
as fast as possible.
      • 

    • 










Get Gopcaml-mode





Its as easy as 1, 2, 3!




    

  1. 
Install from opam (either `gopcaml-mode` xor `gopcaml-mode-merlin`):

    


    opam install gopcaml-mode

    

    
or

    

    opam install gopcaml-mode-merlin

    2. 


  2. Compile your emacs with support for dynamic modules
    3. 

  3. 
Load gopcaml-mode in your init.el:

    

    

    (let ((opam-share (ignore-errors (car =
(process-lines "opam" "var" "share")))))
    (when (and opam-share (file-directory-p opam-share))
      ;; Register Gopcaml mode
      (add-to-list 'load-path (expand-file-name "emacs/site-lisp" opam-share))
        (autoload 'gopcaml-mode "gopcaml-mo=
de" nil t nil)
        (autoload 'tuareg-mode "tuareg" nil t nil)
        (autoload 'merlin-mode "merlin" "Merlin mode" t)
      ;; Automatically start it in OCaml buffers
      (setq auto-mode-alist
      (append '(("\\.ml[ily]?$" . go=
pcaml-mode)
          ("\\.topml$" . gopcaml-mod=
e))
        auto-mode-alist))
      ))

    

    4. 





See the release post  for
version 0.0.1 for detailed instructions on how you can install it.



















Share my experience about running OCaml on WebAssembly





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/share-my-ex=
perience-about-running-ocaml-on-webassembly/8343/1








Vincent Chan announced





In the last two weeks, I was working on migrating OCaml to WebAssembly. I w=
rote an article to share my experience.





Run OCaml in the browser by WebAssembly | by Vincent Chan | =
Aug, 2021 |
Medium















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 07 Sep 2021 15:23:55 +0200
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 31 to Septembe=
r 07, 2021.









Just reinvented OOP





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/just-reinvented-oop/8399/1








Yawar Amin said






let ( .![] ) obj f =3D f obj

type person =3D { id : int; name : string }

let id { id;=
 _ } =3D id

let bob =3D { id =3D 1; name =3D "Bob" }
let next_id =3D bob.![id].![succ]







=3D=3D> 2











Kiran Gopinathan replied





Haha, what a coincidence, just did the same very recently while translating=
 a rust library to
OCaml:
https://github.com/Gopiandcode/ego/bl=
ob/5daf312f8a444f9abcde5996c671b9282727a972/lib/generic.ml#L211





let eclasses =3D eg.@[eclasses] in
let cost_map =3D Id=
.Map.create 10 in=

let node_total_cost node =3D
  let has_cost id =3D Id.Map.mem cost_map (eg.@[find] id) in
  if List.for_all has_cost (L.chi=
ldren node)
  then let cost_f id =3D fst @@ Id.Map.find cos=
t_map (eg.@[find] id) in Some (E.cost cost_f
node)
  else None in
  (* ... *)






with .@[] defined as:





let (.@[]) self fn =3D fn self=
 [@@inline always]







for bonus(?) points, you can name the first parameter self:





let add_enode self (node: Id.t L.shape) =3D
  let node =3D self.@=
[canonicalise] node in
  (* ... *)






I don't normally write code like this in OCaml, but in this case, it made p=
orting from rust
easier, because the code mostly looked the same.











hyphenrf also replied





You can use the multiple-indexing syntax to implement slicing (well, techni=
cally subs) sugar:





let (.:[;..]) s =3D function
  | [|start; finish|] -> String.s=
ub s start (finish - start)
  | _ -> raise (Invalid_argument "sli=
ce takes exactly two indexes")





# "hello world".:[1;5];;
- : string =3D "ello"




The new indexing syntax is quite versatile :>











Kiran Gopinathan added





Oh wow, this is perfect! brb, off to reimplement the python slicing semanti=
cs in OCaml:





let (.@[;..]) ls =3D functio=
n[@warning "-8"]
  | [| start; -1 |] ->
    List.to_iter ls
    |> Iter.zip_i
    |> Iter.drop_while (Pair.f=
st_map ((>) start))
    |> Iter.map snd
  | [| start; finish |] ->
    List.to_iter ls
    |> Iter.zip_i
    |> Iter.drop_while (Pair.f=
st_map ((>) start))
    |> Iter.take_while (Pair.f=
st_map ((>) finish))
    |> Iter.map snd
  | [| start; finish; step |] ->
    List.to_iter ls
    |> Iter.zip_i
    |> Iter.drop_while (Pair.f=
st_map ((>) start))
    |> Iter.take_while (Pair.f=
st_map ((>) finish))
    |> Iter.filter (Pair.fst_m=
ap (fun ind -> (ind - start) mod step =3D 0))
    |> Iter.map snd

















v3.OCaml.org: A roadmap for OCaml's online presence





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/v3-ocaml-org-a-=
roadmap-for-ocamls-online-presence/8368/19








Continuing this thread, Anil Madhavapeddy replied to =
many comments





Many thanks for all the constructive comments and suggestions so far, and a=
lso for those who
have gotten in touch to contribute. Please do keep them coming (either on t=
his thread or on
the various issue trackers that @jonludlam and @patricoferris have pointed =
to).  I'll answer
some earlier questions here:







Having said that, the colors on the packages landing page 
feel very aggressive to me. Might be my setup here, but I would like to hav=
e a slightly less
harsh contrast.





Also, there is a bit of an overlap in content with https://ocamlverse.github.io/
 for some things (eg best practices, community) but the (to
me) most valuable feature is missing: The ecosystems overview, where I can =
find packages
sorted thematically. Could such a section also have a place in the packages=
 subpage
somewhere?
Alternatively, maybe opam can allow to =E2=80=9Ctag=E2=80=9D packages in th=
e future so one could see all
packages for graphics, databases etc.







The styling of the /packages sub-URL does indeed differ from the main desig=
n, but this is
simply due to a temporary technical detail. The majority of the site uses R=
eact/NextJS to
generate the frontend, and this uses the now-trendy medium-contrast colours=
 and also features
like fast-page-switching that NextJS offers.  However, the documentation po=
rtion generated
around 2.7 million individual pages when run across the full opam repositor=
y, and so we
restored to dynamic generation of the content for that. What's going to hap=
pen next is a
rationalisation of the code across the ReScript and OCaml frontends so that=
 there will be no
observable difference in the colour schemes across the full site.





Regarding creating a categorised list of recommendations, that is absolutel=
y in scope for the
v3 iteration of the site. However, this metadata should ideally live in the=
 opam-repository
(for example, using tags as you suggest, which opam already su=
pports). If anyone would like
to have a go at this, I'd encourage PRs to the opam-repository to add the r=
elevant tag
metadata for a codex. Meanwhile, @lambda_foo @tmattio and @patricoferris ar=
e working on the
core OCaml Platform workflow information for the guides section of the webs=
ite which will
cover opam, merlin, lsp-server, dune and so on.







Do we have access to all of the previous years=E2=80=99 workshops to add to=
 watch.ocaml.org?
I can see pieces of 2015, 2017, 2020 and this year. @avsm





Is it possible to add the ML Workshop as well?







Absolutely. The watch.ocaml.org has held up nicely after the OCaml Workshop=
, so I think it's
in good shape to populate with more videos. This needs a volunteer to help =
us upload the past
nine years of videos=
 from YouTube to
watch.ocaml.org. If anyone wants to have a go, please message me and I'll c=
reate you an
account.







It=E2=80=99s a bit unclear what you meant in this paragraph. Does that mean=
 that you plan to kill the
ocaml planet ? I would find it a little bit sad.





One of the reason why you may feel it doesn=E2=80=99t work well may be that=
 it has been constantly
broken in the current version of the site=E2=80=A6







I'm not sure why you think the current ocaml.org new feed has been broken &=
#x2013; it's been
working fairly reliably for the past decade. The only real problem came up =
a few times when a
feed's domain expired and got taken over by domain squatters, at which poin=
t we got spam into
the main page of ocaml.org.





What I meant with that part of the announcement is that the syndication fee=
d should not be
mistaken with original news on the website. Right now it's difficult to dis=
tinguish official
announcements (such as compiler or opam releases) as they are a little scat=
tered (e.g. on
opam.ocaml.org). The plan is to combine the
platform-blog with t=
he new website directly. I've
also been considering just having a special tag on this forum so that nice =
announcement posts
could also be syndicated to the website easily (for example, @gasche's comp=
iler newsletters).





My general desire is to grow the planet fe=
ed and syndication system, but to clearly
demarcate them as not being published by ocaml.org and to manage them via m=
ore modern
decentralised techniques that feature spam, moderation and archival. PeerTu=
be is a good
example of this for videos that is working well, and I'd welcome suggestion=
s for Atom/RSS
(there must be something in this space, ideally ActivityPub-based).





Depending on how the experiments go, it's very likely that we'll have a Mat=
rix homeserver for
ocaml.org where CI bots can report status information (see this prototype
PR) for ocaml-ci that will also apply to
opam-repository. The goal here is to for ocaml.org to publish its data usin=
g an open
protocol, which can then be syndicated into whatever technologies are in vo=
gue (e.g. Discord,
Slack, Teams, …).





So if you spot some decentralised syndication system that you think might b=
e interesting for
OCaml, please do let me know.  Even better, if you'd like to develop one to=
 tailor it to our
needs, let me know even sooner ;-)















Become an Outreachy Mentor: support the growth and diversity o=
f the OCaml community





Archive: https://dis=
cuss.ocaml.org/t/become-an-outreachy-mentor-support-the-growth-and-diversit=
y-of-the-ocaml-community/8213/3








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





There's been a very disappointing response to this call for mentors to incr=
ease the diversity
of our community. Precisely noone has been in touch for the winter c=
all, leaving the burden
of mentorship on the same people that did all the work this summer.





Before making new calls for programs like
GSoC,
let's get Outreachy onto more sustainable ground please. We are purely limi=
ted by mentorship
time at present. This can be as simple as organising new first issues for p=
rojects in the
ecosystem, and all the way to pair programming with a mentee. You can chose=
 how to be
involved.















Generating static and portable executables with OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/generating-s=
tatic-and-portable-executables-with-ocaml/8405/1








OCamlPro announced





It has been a few times now that we have been tasked to generate portable b=
inaries for
different projects. Over time, we have gathered quite some know-how and, se=
eing the question
frequently arise in the community, we decided to share this experience.





You can find the article written by Louis Gesbert on the OCamlPro
blog








Distributing OCaml software on opam is great (if I dare say so myself), but=
 sometimes you
need to provide your tools to an audience outside of the OCaml community, o=
r just without
recompilations or in a simpler way.





However, just distributing the locally generated binaries requires that the=
 users have all
the required shared libraries installed, and a compatible libc. It's not so=
mething you can
assume in general, and even if you don't need any C shared library or are c=
onfident enough
it will be installed everywhere, the libc issue will arise for anyone using=
 a distribution
based on a different kind, or a little older than the one you used to build.





There is no built-in support for generating static executables in the OCaml=
 compiler, and
it may seem a bit tricky, but it's not in fact too complex to do by hand, s=
omething you may
be ready to do for a release that will be published. So here are a few tric=
ks, recipes and
advice that should enable you to generate truly portable executables with n=
o external
dependency whatsoever. Both Linux and macOS will be treated, but the exampl=
es will be based
on Linux unless otherwise specified.







Don't hesitate to share your thoughts with us, have a good reading!















OCaml quant-developer at Bloomberg. London or New York





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-quant-=
developer-at-bloomberg-london-or-new-york/8409/1








Philip Craig announced





Extend a financial contracts DSL that is implemented in OCaml.





It's London or New York based. It's not a remote position.





Please see details and/or apply at (https://careers.bloomberg.com/job/detail/93825)















HTTP client library





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-http-client-library/8428/1








Hannes Mehnert announced





we just released to the opam-repository the
http-lwt-clien=
t package, which consists of
both a library doing HTTP requests and a binary (hurl) that do=
es HTTP requests.





The code is based on HT=
TP/AF and
H2, and uses
tls for HTTPS connecti=
ons. Both HTTP/1(.1) and HTTP/2
protocols are supported. The motivation behind this package is to have a ht=
tp client that has
a reasonably small dependency cone, is purely implemented in OCaml, and use=
s the asynchronous
task library lwt.





This package uses hap=
py-eyeballs to connect to a
remote host via IPv4 and IPv6, as proposed by IETF RFC
8305: on any computer with either IPv4 or IPv6
connectivity, a remote IPv6 or IPv4 server will be connected. Preference is=
 given to IPv6.





If a https url is provided, the server certificate is verified using the
ca-certs package.





If you experience any issues or have further needs for this package, please=
 report an issue
on the GitHub issue tracker.





The installation is just an opam install http-lwt-client away =
:)























Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 21 Sep 2021 11:09:48 +0200
Message-ID: <87tuieuwf7.fsf@m4x.org>
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 14 to 21, 2=
021.









opam-grep: search through the sources of all the packages in o=
pam-repository





Archive: https://discus=
s.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-grep-search-through-the-sources-of-all-the-packages-=
in-opam-repository/8434/3








Kate announced





I've just released opam-grep.0.2.0 with quite a bit of change compared to t=
he previous version. Here is the
highlight:



    

  • Complete rewrite from shell script to OCaml, making it more portable

  • Use the faster ripgrep and ugrep over g=
rep when available (suggestion by @Engil)
    • 

  • Use the progress library to show progress instead of a non=
-portable/DIY spinner
    • 





See the changelog for the full list of relevant
changes.





Big thanks to @CraigFe for the progress library (such a tre=
at!) and to @dbuenzli for bos and cmdliner in
particular, making it easy to do such rewrite :relaxed:















Hardcaml MIPS CPU Learning Project and Blog





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/hardcaml-mips-cpu-lea=
rning-project-and-blog/8088/10








Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov announced





Hi everyone! We are excited to announce that we have completed this project=
 and blog. Progress has been slow these
past few months due to work, internships, and college, but we=E2=80=99ve no=
w released v1.0.0 on
GitHub. We also published posts on:







Finally, we published a conclusion blog post, which
wraps up some strengths/weaknesses of Hardcaml, as well as some takeaways o=
n OCaml and blogging more generally.





Thank you to @andyman and @fyquah95 for building Hardcaml, and for helping =
us out on GitHub issues! We really
appreciate your time and suggestions.





Overall, we=E2=80=99ve come to the conclusion that Hardcaml is a much bette=
r tool for hardware design than Verilog. This has
been a great experience, and we walk away with a better understanding of ha=
rdware, functional programming, and
technical writing.















Puzzling through some GADT errors





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/puzzling-through-some-gadt-error=
s/8478/8








Deep in this thread, gasche said





Not exactly what you are asking for, but @Octachron wrote an excellent chapter on
GADTs in the OCaml manual, which could be recommended to people
starting GADT programming. It explains why recursive functions on GADT need=
 "explicit polymorphic annotations" in
less "implementation driven" terms.





(The chapter also demonstrates the new naming scheme for existential type v=
ariables introduced by GADT constructors,
which can help a lot working through type errors, but are still a bit heavy=
 and deserve a gentle introduction.)











octachron then added





I have only written the nomenclature part and a bit of the explanation for =
recursive functions in this chapter,
@garrigue is the author of most of this chapter.















Parany for multicore OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/parany-for-multicore-ocaml/8495/1








UnixJunkie announced





There is now an implementation using multicore-OCaml in the 'domains' branc=
h.





https://githu=
b.com/UnixJunkie/parany/tree/domains





People are very welcome to give it a try and share the speedup they observe,
especially compared to fork-based parallelism.





Thanks to @nilsbecker for having motivated me.











UnixJunkie later added





If you don't use the domains branch, then parany is using fork-based parall=
elism.
If you want to use the domains branch, you need to install multicore-ocaml =
first:



opam switch create 4.12.0+domains
eval `opam config env`















OCaml 4.13.0, second release candidate





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-13-0-second-release-=
candidate/8496/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.13.0 is expected for next week.





Since we had a native code generation bug fix and two minor configuration t=
weaks
since the first release candidate, we are publishing a second release candi=
date.
If you find any bugs, please report them here:





https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues





Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.








Installation instructions





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands



opam update
opam switch create 4.13.0~rc2 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://g=
ithub.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git




If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:




opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.13.0~r=
c2+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git





where <option_list> is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-* packa=
ges. For instance, for a flambda and
no-flat-float-array switch:



opam switch create 4.13.0~rc2+flambda+nffa
--packages=3Docaml-variants.4.13.0~rc2+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocaml-o=
ption-no-flat-float-array
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git




All available options can be listed with "opam search ocaml-option".





The source code for the release candidate is also available at these addres=
ses:












Changes since the first release candidate




    

  • #10626, #10628: Wrong relo=
ading of the x86-64 instruction for integer multiplication by a constant, c=
ausing the assembler to reject the ocamlopt-generated code. (Xavier Leroy, =
report by Dave Aitken, review by Vincent Laviron)
    • 


  • #10176, #10632(new in rc2)=
: By default, call the assembler through the C compiler driver (S=C3=A9bast=
ien Hinderer, review by Gabriel Scherer, David Allsopp and Xavier Leroy)


  • #10451, #10635(new in rc2)=
: Replace the use of iconv with a C utility to convert $(LIBDIR) to a C str=
ing constant on Windows when building the runtime. Hardens the generation o=
f the constant on Unix for paths with backslashes, double-quotes and newlin=
es. (David Allsopp, review by Florian Angeletti and S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer=
)
    • 

















Unicode 14.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-unicode=
-14-0-0-update-for-uucd-uucp-uunf-and-uuseg/8497/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





Unicode 14.0.0 was released on the 14th of september.





It adds 838 new characters to the standard including, for our friends from =
Central Asia, support for Old Uyghur.
For information about all the other additions, see the announ=
cement page.





Accordingly the libraries mentioned at the end of this message had to be up=
dated, consult the individual release
notes for details. Both Uucd and Uucp are incompatible releases sinces new =
script and block enumerants had to be
added.





Best,





Daniel





P.S. Though I'm not very fond of the concept, I recently enabled sponsors o=
n my github account as an experiment. So
I'd like to thanks my git=
hub sponsors, @davesnx became the first one monday.




















Become an Outreachy Mentor: support the growth and diversity o=
f the OCaml community





Archive: https://dis=
cuss.ocaml.org/t/become-an-outreachy-mentor-support-the-growth-and-diversit=
y-of-the-ocaml-community/8213/8








Sonja Heinze announced





Hey all, I've just submitted an Outreachy project for the winter round. The=
 project is to write the basic
ppx_deriving plugins in ppxlib; that is, the ones that don't already have a=
 version based on ppxlib. I think both,
having them available to use, and having their code available as simple exa=
mples of how to use Ppxlib.Deriving would
be very nice! And improving ppxlib's documentation and finding simple issue=
s on already existing PPXs to prepare for
Outreachy, will be beneficial as well.





Of course, it's not clear if someone with the right interest comes along fo=
r this project, but if we don't find an
intern for it this round, I can just re-submit the same project next round.











Sonja Heinze





Btw, the deadline to submit projects was extended and is now Sept 23rd. So =
the timeline in our post above is slightly
outdated.















The OCaml 4.13 preview for Merlin is now available





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-the-oca=
ml-4-13-preview-for-merlin-is-now-available/8436/6








Continuing this thread, Kate announced





The OCaml 4.13 preview for ocaml-lsp-server is now available as well.





To install it along with the OCaml 4.13 rc, please refer to the first post.





If you encounter any problems while using ocaml-lsp-server, please feel fre=
e to report it directly in
https://github.com/=
ocaml/ocaml-lsp/pull/506















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 21 to 28, 2=
021.









Brr 0.0.2, a toolkit for programming browsers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-brr-0-0-2-a-t=
oolkit-for-programming-browsers/8521/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





It's my pleasure to announce the release 0.0.2 of Brr, a toolkit for
programming browsers in OCaml with the js_of_ocaml compiler.





Once it has made it to the repo, install with opam install brr=
 and consult the API doc=
s and
manuals (or via odig doc brr).





This release fixes binding bugs, adds a few new bindings and tweaks some ex=
isting signatures. Thanks to all of those
who provided bug reports, suggestions and code.





The release notes have all the
details.















Become an Outreachy Mentor: support the growth and diversity o=
f the OCaml community





Archive: https://di=
scuss.ocaml.org/t/become-an-outreachy-mentor-support-the-growth-and-diversi=
ty-of-the-ocaml-community/8213/13








Thibaut Mattio announced





I've submitted two projects for the winter session:




    

  • Integrate a package health check in ocaml.org
    • 





To essentially integrate a version of check.ocamllabs.io that can be used b=
y opam-repository maintainers and opam
users into the next version of ocaml.org (=
https://v3.ocaml.org).




    

  • Support .eml files in OCaml's VSCode extension
    • 





To add support for Dream's .eml files syntax in
the extension, and eventually have error reporting for these files from OCa=
ml LSP Server.





I'm more than interested in having co-mentors for these two projects, so if=
 you wanted to mentor Outreachy interns
but didn't have any project ideas, don't hesitate to reach out :slight_smil=
e:





Another way to help that does not involve mentoring is to find good first i=
ssues that will help onboard and select
candidates for the projects. Any help on this effort to identify, create an=
d document good first issues for the
different projects is more than welcome!















OCaml 4.13.0 (and 4.12.1)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-13-0-and-4-12-1/8529/1








octachron announced





The OCaml team ha the pleasure of celebrating the 175th anniversary of the =
discovery of Neptune
by announcing the joint releases of OCaml version 4.13.0 and 4.12.1 .





Some of the highlights in the 4.13.0 release are:




    

  • Safe points: a multicore prerequisite that ensures that ocamlopt-genera=
ted code can always be interrupted.
    • 

  • The best-fit GC allocation policy is now the default policy (and many o=
ther GC improvements).
    • 

  • Named existential type variables in pattern matching: Showable (t=
ype a) (x, show : a * (a -> string)).
    • 


  • Improved error messages for functor application and functor types.
    • 

  • Let-punning for monadic let: let* x =3D x in can be shorte=
ned to let* x in.
    • 

  • Module type substitutions: SIG with module type T =3D F(X).S.
    • 


  • Many other quality of life improvements
    • 

  • Many bug fixes
    • 





The 4.12.1 release is a collection of safe bug fixes, cherry-picked from th=
e 4.13.0 development
cycle. If you were using OCaml 4.12.0 and cannot yet upgrade to 4.13.0, thi=
s release is for you.





The full list of changes can be found in the changelogs below. (Editor n=
ote: as it=E2=80=99s quite long, it is not included here. Please follow=
 the link to the original article to read it.)





Those releases are available as OPAM switches, and as a source download her=
e:







and there:






















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 19 Oct 2021 10:23:09 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 12 to 19, 202=
1.









Verification for Dummies: SMT and Induction





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/verification-for-dummie=
s-smt-and-induction/8631/1








OCamlPro announced





We are pleased to share with you Verification for Dummies:=
 SMT and
Induction, a complete and detailed
series of blogposts written by Adrien Champion about Induction as a formal =
verification technique.





The subject is treated with many concrete and executable examples. All exam=
ples can be (and should be) launched
locally by readers thanks to small and easy to find tools. Modification and=
 experimentation are strongly encouraged!





Take a look at all the notions covered:




    

  • introduction to formal logics and formal frameworks;
    • 

  • SMT-solving: modern, low-level verification building blocks;
    • 

  • declarative transition systems;
    • 

  • transition system unrolling;
    • 

  • BMC and induction proofs over transition systems;
    • 

  • candidate strengthening.
    • 





We hope you enjoy reading and we look forward to your feedback!















OCaml Caf=C3=A9: Wed, Oct 13 @ 1pm (U.S. Central)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-cafe-wed-oct-13-1pm-u=
-s-central/8610/14








Claude Jager-Rubinson announced





The video of @dra27's talk on OPAM is now available: https://youtu.be/RHSdlH4el0g. Thanks so much for the=
 great talk,
David!  And thanks to everybody who attended!  (The video starts a couple o=
f minutes into the talk because yours
truly forgot to start recording.  D'oh!)





We already have some ideas for the next meeting but if there's a topic that=
 you'd like to hear about or are
interested on presenting on, please message me.















Windows-friendly OCaml 4.12 distribution 2nd preview release (=
0.2.0)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/ann-windows-friendly-ocaml-4-12-distribution-2nd-preview-release-0-2-0=
/8488/3








jbeckford announced





0.2.5 is available. This release brings significant user friendly improveme=
nts.





There is a new binary called with-dkml.exe. Just plop wi=
th-dkml in front of a Windows command that requires
access to Unix scripts (ie. with-dkml opam install) and it sho=
uld just work.





There is now a section called Beyond Basics in the Diskuv OCaml user
documentation that walks through:



    

  • the first and second tutorials of Getting Started - Learn OCaml
    • 

  • the bare Opam essentials you need as a beginner (how to find and select=
 an Opam switch, and how to find and install packages using with-dkml=
 opam install), all without leaving the Command Prompt
    • 

  • installing Visual Studio Code with the OCaml plugin
    • 





Huge thanks to @Butanium who lent me much of his time to validate usability=
 from the perspective of a newcomer. More
feedback is always welcome.





Links:






PS. You won't need with-dkml most of the time. The Beyond Basi=
cs documentation shows how to run Dune and the OCaml
native compiler directly from the Visual Studio Command Prompt.















Release of ocaml-sf/learn-ocaml:0.13.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-ocaml-sf=
-learn-ocaml-0-13-0/8577/6








Erik Martin-Dorel announced





Just FYI, a bugfix release learn-ocaml 0.13.1 has just been ta=
gged and:

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 02 Nov 2021 09:50:21 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 26 to
November 02, 2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Lists.ocaml.org: service temporarily sunsetted
Talk at Func Prog Sweden
First OPAM releases of Scad_ml and [@@deriving scad]
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Lists.ocaml.org: service temporarily sunsetted
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  Archive:
  


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *This note does not concern the main OCaml email list, which continues
  to be available through *

  The lists.ocaml.org e-mail service has been going through a rough time
  in the past few years, with vast swathes of spam regularly hitting our
  ingress email server and require manual unblocking every time.  It was
  set up [back in 2012] as an augmentation of the main OCaml mailing
  list and really helped with some big projects in the early days (the
  design of and migration to ppx from camlp4, for example).  However, in
  the intervening years e-mail has reduced in importance as a primary
  community communication mechanism (as evidenced, for example, in this
  forum).

  With the latest spam surge, I've moved the service into read-only mode
  with all the mailboxes and archives still available on the website,
  but with mail delivery and list creation/admin disabled. All existing
  links should continue to work to historical links online without
  change.  The only mailing list on there that was still active to my
  knowledge is the opam-commits cron list, which will be replaced by an
  ocurrent-based deployer for that website shortly.

  I hope to bring e-mail back to ocaml.org sometime in 2022, as it's an
  important communications medium that is highly accessible. One
  challenge is spam, and another is the inflexibility of GNU Mailman and
  its upgrade mechanism (essentially a manual process from 2 to
  3). Therefore, if there is anyone in the community interested in
  building a simple e-mail list manager in OCaml, that would be of
  interest :slight_smile:


[back in 2012]



Talk at Func Prog Sweden
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Leonardo Laguna Ruiz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here's a link for the talk I gave at the Func Prog Sweden meetup. In
  that talk I show the process we follow some years ago in order to move
  all our code base to OCaml and why it was an excellent decision.

  

  [Wolfram System Modeler] is a simulation environment that can be used
  to model multi-domain systems. For example systems composed of
  electrical, thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, etc, components.

  One of the main parts of System Modeler is the model compiler (Kernel)
  which takes models written in the Modelica language and compiles them
  into efficient simulation executables. This compiler was ported to
  OCaml by using custom tool that performed the code to code translation
  of our old code base.

  Slides
  


[Wolfram System Modeler] 


First OPAM releases of Scad_ml and [@@deriving scad]
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


geoffder announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  I'd like to announce the first release onto opam of [Scad_ml] and
  [ppx_deriving_scad]. The former being a DSL front-end to the
  [OpenSCAD] solid modelling language, and the latter providing
  transformation function generation for custom types (a pattern that I
  have found useful during my time using `Scad_ml'.

  When I decided I wanted to pick up OpenScad, I was pleasantly
  surprised to discover that the `Scad_ml' library already existed on
  GitHub, credits to . Over time I
  filled out the rest of the OpenSCAD language coverage, as well as some
  additional helpful math, and reorganized things to try and keep it
  from getting too messy as more and more was tacked on. Finally, after
  some help in the ocaml discord (from NULL and octachron), we also now
  can track whether shapes are 2D or 3D with minimal changes to the user
  interface, preventing misapplications of operations that would
  otherwise only appear in the OpenSCAD console.

  The `[@@deriving scad]' ppx is my solution to make a habit I developed
  to get around the otherwise fully declarative nature of working in
  OpenSCAD more ergonomic. Shapes in OpenSCAD cannot be queried in any
  way, so upon creation, the locations of it's vertices or it's origin
  are not available. Of course, since you created it, you know exactly
  it's dimensions, and where you have moved it, but what if you want to
  use the location of one of it's vertices, wherever that ends up after
  a series of transformations? What I did for some time before learning
  how to write a ppx, was put the coordinates I cared about into a
  record with the shape, and mapped over the type (by hand (and regex))
  with the relevant functions (typically transform and rotate). Turns
  out writing a ppx with `Ppxlib' and `metaquot' isn't so bad, and I
  really wish I did it sooner!

  Anyway, to the few of you out there that might use OpenSCAD, I hope
  that these tools might come in handy!


[Scad_ml] 

[ppx_deriving_scad] 

[OpenSCAD] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [Hiring a Developer Educator]
  =E2=80=A2 [Verification for Dummies: SMT and Induction]
  =E2=80=A2 [SCoP Passed Phase 1 of the DAPSI Initiative!]


[OCaml Planet] 

[Hiring a Developer Educator]


[Verification for Dummies: SMT and Induction]


[SCoP Passed Phase 1 of the DAPSI Initiative!]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Disposition: inline








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 26 to November 02, 2021.









Lists.ocaml.org: service temporarily sunsetted





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/lists-ocaml-org-service-temporarily-sunsetted/8692/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





This note does not concern the main OCaml email list, which continues to be available through
https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/





The lists.ocaml.org e-mail service has been going through a rough time in the past few years, with vast swathes of
spam regularly hitting our ingress email server and require manual unblocking every time.  It was set up back in
2012 as an augmentation of the main OCaml mailing
list and really helped with some big projects in the early days (the design of and migration to ppx from camlp4, for
example).  However, in the intervening years e-mail has reduced in importance as a primary community communication
mechanism (as evidenced, for example, in this forum).





With the latest spam surge, I've moved the service into read-only mode with all the mailboxes and archives still
available on the website, but with mail delivery and list creation/admin disabled. All existing links should continue
to work to historical links online without change.  The only mailing list on there that was still active to my
knowledge is the opam-commits cron list, which will be replaced by an ocurrent-based deployer for that website
shortly.





I hope to bring e-mail back to ocaml.org sometime in 2022, as it's an important communications medium that is highly
accessible. One challenge is spam, and another is the inflexibility of GNU Mailman and its upgrade mechanism
(essentially a manual process from 2 to 3). Therefore, if there is anyone in the community interested in building a
simple e-mail list manager in OCaml, that would be of interest :slight_smile:















Talk at Func Prog Sweden





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/talk-at-func-prog-sweden/8703/1








Leonardo Laguna Ruiz announced





Here's a link for the talk I gave at the Func Prog Sweden meetup. In that talk I show the process we follow some years ago in order to move all our code base to OCaml and why it was an excellent decision.





https://youtu.be/FGXiAARXE2M





Wolfram System Modeler is a simulation environment that can be used to model multi-domain systems. For example systems composed of electrical, thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, etc, components.





One of the main parts of System Modeler is the model compiler (Kernel) which takes models written in the Modelica language and compiles them into efficient simulation executables. This compiler was ported to OCaml by using custom tool that performed the code to code translation of our old code base.





Slides https://a2076202-c90b-450e-901b-cb56c346913c.usrfiles.com/ugd/a20762_adfa899586c7413a8c17f7b708dbc177.pdf















First OPAM releases of Scad_ml and [@@deriving scad]





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-opam-releases-of-scad-ml-and-deriving-scad/8718/1








geoffder announced





I'd like to announce the first release onto opam of Scad_ml and
ppx_deriving_scad. The former being a DSL front-end to the
OpenSCAD solid modelling language, and the latter providing transformation function
generation for custom types (a pattern that I have found useful during my time using Scad_ml.





When I decided I wanted to pick up OpenScad, I was pleasantly surprised to discover that the Scad_ml library
already existed on GitHub, credits to https://github.com/namachan10777. Over time I filled out the rest of the
OpenSCAD language coverage, as well as some additional helpful math, and reorganized things to try and keep it from
getting too messy as more and more was tacked on. Finally, after some help in the ocaml discord (from NULL and
octachron), we also now can track whether shapes are 2D or 3D with minimal changes to the user interface, preventing
misapplications of operations that would otherwise only appear in the OpenSCAD console.





The [@@deriving scad] ppx is my solution to make a habit I developed to get around the otherwise fully declarative
nature of working in OpenSCAD more ergonomic. Shapes in OpenSCAD cannot be queried in any way, so upon creation, the
locations of it's vertices or it's origin are not available. Of course, since you created it, you know exactly it's
dimensions, and where you have moved it, but what if you want to use the location of one of it's vertices, wherever
that ends up after a series of transformations? What I did for some time before learning how to write a ppx, was put
the coordinates I cared about into a record with the shape, and mapped over the type (by hand (and regex)) with the
relevant functions (typically transform and rotate). Turns out writing a ppx with Ppxlib and metaquot isn't so
bad, and I really wish I did it sooner!





Anyway, to the few of you out there that might use OpenSCAD, I hope that these tools might come in handy!















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 09 Nov 2021 11:08:24 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 02 to 09, 20=
21.









OTOML 0.9.0 =E2=80=94 a compliant and flexible TOML parsing, m=
anipulation, and pretty-printing library





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-otoml-0-9-0-a-compliant-and-flexible-toml-=
parsing-manipulation-and-pretty-printing-library/8152/9








Daniil Baturin announced





OTOML 0.9.2 is now available from the OPAM repository.








Breaking changes





It makes a breaking change to the get_array accessor: it now h=
as type Otoml.get_array now has type ?strict:bool
-> (t -> 'a) -> t -> 'a list , that is, it requires an a=
ccessor function that will be applied to every item of the
array.





For example, you can use Otoml.find t (Otoml.get_array Otoml.get_stri=
ng) ["foo"] to retrieve an array of strings
from a TOML document's key foo .





The motivation for the change is that it allows retrieving arrays of unwrap=
ped OCaml values in one step. The old
behaviour can still be emulated using an identify function for the accessor=
, for example the built-in
Otoml.get_value : 'a -> 'a .










New features





New Otoml.path_exists t ["some"; "table"; "key"] allows checki=
ng if a key path exists in a TOML document.





Otoml.Printer.to_string/to_channel functions now provide ~force_table_array option. When set to true, it forces
every array that contains nothing but tables to be rendered using the [[...]]~ table array syntax.










Bug fixes





Unicode escape sequences are now printed correctly.





If a table has subtables and non-table items, the non-table items are forci=
bly moved before the first subtable for
printing. This way the output parses correctly, otherwise the non-table ite=
ms would be mistakenly treated as subtable
members. This way hand-constructed TOML tables are always formatted correct=
ly even if the user inserts non-table
items after a subtable.










Testing





I added a minimal test suite for the read-write interface. If anyone wants =
to contribute to it, that will be much
appreciated. Ideally, all lookup functions and all accessors/constructors s=
hould be tested to work as expected.





Both parser and formatter are now tested with the
github.com/BurntSushi/t=
oml-test and are fully compliant (one formatter
test is skipped because the test itself is malformed).










Future plan





My idea was to call it 1.0.0 when it passes both parsing and formatter test=
s. That goal is reached now, but I'd like
to see if anyone has any more ideas for the API that cannot be implemented =
without breaking changes. If not, I'll
call it 1.0.0 in the next release.

















Build System Engineer at Jane Street





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-build-system-engineer=
-at-jane-street/8737/1








Andrey Mokhov announced





Jane Street is looking for new build system engineers! I've worked in this =
team for two years and I love the job.
Here is why:




    

  • You frequently change focus from low-level work, like debugging a weird=
 file-system issue, to high-level work, like designing a cloud build cache.=

    • 


  • Your colleagues are amazing. If you're like me, you'll feel like an imp=
oster in most conversations but it's OK since everyone is kind and helpful,=
 so you'll learn something new every day.
    • 


  • Most of your work is open-source and benefits the wider OCaml community=
.
    • 





For balance, let me also say a few words about challenges.




    

  • Build systems accumulate years of knowledge of many people on how to ge=
t things done. When this knowledge goes out of date, you are often the only=
 person to fix it. For this reason, build systems work can be daunting.
    • 


  • It's far from our core business, so you don't get to work on any of our=
 cool trading systems. Your role is to empower others.
    • 


  • Our team is small, so we may have to turn down some good candidates. Ho=
wever, please don't get discouraged by this! If in doubt, send me a message=
 and we'll chat.
    • 


  • There is no remote work for now.
    • 





To apply, follow this link and mention the build
systems role in your application.





Our plans for 2022 include: implementing cloud builds in Dune, better integ=
ration with other tools like IDEs and the
OCaml compiler, and making Dune even faster than it is today. To learn more=
 about our work, listen to this
podcast.





And feel free to message me or @jeremiedimino if you have any questions!















Real-world use example of ts2ocaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/real-world-use-example-of-ts2oc=
aml/8745/1








Sora Morimoto announced





Some OCaml/JavaScript enthusiasts may know that we spent almost two years w=
orking on a tool automatically generating
OCaml bindings from TypeScript's type definition files. To prepare for its =
release, we just published a repository to
show an example use of it.







3D"=







https://github.com/=
ocsigen/ts2ocaml-example





This example generates and actually uses a binding to a small JavaScript li=
brary called
pretty-bytes, =
and it doesn't only generate the binding, but also
converts JSDoc comments to odoc ones.





We believe we can release ts2ocaml as early as this month, please look forw=
ard to the new announcement!















First release of ts2ocaml - generates OCaml bindi=
ngs from .d.ts files!





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/ann-first-release-of-ts2ocaml-generates-ocaml-bindings-from-d-ts-files=
/8772/1








Cannorin announced





We're pleased to announce that ts2ocaml is now public!





https://github.com/ocsigen/=
ts2ocaml





This is a tool which parses TypeScript definition files (.d.ts=
) of a JS package and then generates an OCaml binding
for the package.





ts2ocaml currently supports js_of_ocaml as a target via LexiFi/gen_js_api,
and ReScript is also going to be supported too!





You can install ts2ocaml from NPM: npm install -g @ocsigen/ts2ocaml.
Please take a look at the documentation on our GitHub repository before usi=
ng it.





Also, we appreciate any feedback or bug reports, especially since this is t=
he first release of ts2ocaml!





This tool is heavily inspired by ts2fable, which generates Fable (F# AltJS)=
 bindings from .d.ts files. This tool is
also written in Fable. Thank you very much for the great language and an aw=
esome ecosystem, Fable team!















OUPS meetups are back!





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetups-are-back/8776/1








zapashcanon announced





We (@Vertmo, @lsylvestre, Colin Gonz=C3=A1lez and myself) are happy to anno=
unce that the OUPS (O=
Caml Users in PariS)
meetups are back.





If you're not familiar with OUPS, the idea is to have people using OCaml (d=
evelopers, applications' users,
researchers, …) to meet in Paris where a talk is given, followed by =
some discussions while eating pizza and
drinking beer.





We're planning to have the first meetup happening this year in December.





Thus we're looking for speakers willing to give a talk for the first meetup=
s or the following ones.





The talks usually happen at IRILL's =
offices, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005
Paris. We'll prefer talks in french and with someone able to
be physically present, but we're open about english and remote talks.





If you want to give a talk in December or in the future, you can let us kno=
w here or on
zulip where we plan to have our main discussions.  We also have a group on
Framagit where we'll store some stuff. If you don't like Zulip, I'm als=
o on IRC (#oups in
libera.chat) and matrix but not everyone is.





The four of us are doing a PhD in the following places: ENS (Parkas
team), Universit=C3=A9 de Paris (Irif) +
Nomadic Labs, Universit=C3=A9 Paris-Saclay
(LMF) + OCamlPro, Sorbo=
nne
Universit=C3=A9 (APR team -
LIP6) ; so we have a good coverage of the OCaml users in Paris
but we don't know everyone. Even if you don't want to give a talk, if you k=
now someone that may be interested, please
talk to him about OUPS ! :)





Also, if there's a subject you'd like to hear about at OUPS, you can tell u=
s and we'll try to find a speaker to give
a talk about it.





We'll come back to you very quickly about the December meetup.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2021 09:41:02 +0100
Message-ID: <875yssze5d.fsf@m4x.org>
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 09 to 16, 2021.









Early preview of the Algorithmic with OCaml Book





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/early-preview-of-the-algorithmic-with-ocaml-book/8785/1








Damien Guichard announced





Please report bugs, bad English & nonsenses.
But do not report omissions (it is work-in-progress plus it's not an ocaml bible).





https://www.cjoint.com/c/KKjulI1Dx03





Why the book is not bottom up, instead some concepts are used without explained ?




    

  • Because some notions (what is the unit type ? what is a queue ?) are considered easy-enough to go without saying.
    • 





What will be in the missing chapter 6 ?




    

  • Type polymorphism, universal quantification, Stdlib.compare, weak polymorphism, constrained polymorphism, phantom types, type variance.
    • 





What will be in the chapters 12 and more ?



    

  • High performance lexing
    • 

  • Recursive-descent parsing
    • 

  • The art of searching
    • 

  • Detailed construction of the ERic 0.3 application
    • 





Will the source files go to a repository ?




    

  • No. The source files are already included in the zip archive.
    • 















pyml_bindgen: a CLI app to generate Python bindings directly from OCaml value specifications





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-pyml-bindgen-a-cli-app-to-generate-python-bindings-directly-from-ocaml-value-specifications/8786/1








Ryan Moore announced





I wanted to announce the first release of pyml_bindgen, a CLI
app for generating Python bindings using pyml directly from OCaml value
specifications.





Manually writing bindings to Python libraries can get tedious pretty quickly.  pyml_bindgen aims to help you avoid
a lot of the repetitive work when binding Python libraries by letting you focus on the OCaml side of things and
(mostly) not worrying about the implementation of the pyml bindings.








Quick start





First, install pyml_bindgen.  It is available on Opam.




$ opam install pyml_bindgen





Say you have a Python class you want to bind and use in OCaml.  (Filename: adder.py)






class Adder:
    @staticmethod
    def add(x, y):
        return x + y







To do so, you write OCaml value specifications for the class and methods you want to bind.  (Filename:
val_specs.txt)






val add : x:int -> y:int -> unit -> int







Then, you run pyml_bindgen.




$ pyml_bindgen val_specs.txt adder Adder --caml-module Adder > lib.ml





Now you can use your generated functions in your OCaml code.  (Filename: run.ml)






open Lib

let () = Py.initialize ()

let result = Adder.add ~x:1 ~y:2 ()

let () = assert (result = 3)







Finally, set up a dune file and run it.




(executable
 (name run)
 (libraries pyml))




$ dune exec ./run.exe










Documentation





For more information on installing and using pyml_bindgen, check out the
docs.  There you will find lots of tips and examples to help you
get started!

















ocaml-wayland (pure OCaml wayland protocol library)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-wayland-pure-ocaml-wayland-protocol-library/7616/2








Thomas Leonard announced





ocaml-wayland has been very stable over the last few months and so I've now released version 1.0. The main changes are improved error handling and
diagnostics.





I've been using this to write an Xwayland adaptor, which acts as an X11 window manager to Xwayland, converting
between the two protocols. This allows running X11 apps in VMs and having them appear alongside other application
windows on the host. It can also be used to fix other problems, such as support for HiDPI screens and Sway's buggy
clipboard support:





https://roscidus.com/blog/blog/2021/10/30/xwayland/















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta6





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta6/8795/1








Sora Morimoto announced








Changed




    

  • Unlock opam 2.1 on the Ubuntu and macOS runners.
    • 





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta6

















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta7





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta7/8796/1








Sora Morimoto announced








Fixed




    

  • Return an empty array to avoid depext failure when depext flags are not passed.
    • 





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta7

















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta8





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta8/8821/1








Sora Morimoto announced








Changed




    

  • Use 2.1 mode instead of 2.0 mode on the Ubuntu and macOS runners.
    • 





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta8

















phylogenetics, a library for molecular evolution





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-phylogenetics-a-library-for-molecular-evolution/8812/1








Philippe announced





I'm happy to announce the availability on opam of phylogenetics, a
bioinformatics library dedicated to molecular evolution and
phylogeny. It provides a few algorithms and data structures that can be useful to study how biological sequences like
proteins or genes have evolved, or to simulate datasets under various evolutionary models.





Comments/questions welcomed on the repo's issue tracker!















release of svmwrap: a wrapper around libsvm-tools





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-svmwrap-a-wrapper-around-libsvm-tools/8818/1








UnixJunkie announced





I am pleased to announce the availability in opam of the svmwrap package.
A wrapper around libsvm's svm-train and svm-predict executables.
Currently, only regression modeling is supported, using the linear, RBF, sigmoid or polynomial kernel.





https://github.com/UnixJunkie/svmwrap





The quite scary usage looks like this:



usage: svmwrap
  -i <filename>: training set or DB to screen
  --feats <int>: number of features
  [-o <filename>]: predictions output file
  [-np <int>]: ncores
  [--kernel <string>] choose kernel type {Lin|RBF|Sig|Pol}
  [-c <float>]: fix C
  [-e <float>]: epsilon in the loss function of epsilon-SVR;
  (0 <= epsilon <= max_i(|y_i|))
  [-g <float>]: fix gamma (for RBF and Sig kernels)
  [-r <float>]: fix r for the Sig kernel
  [--iwn]: turn ON instance-wise-normalization
  [--scale]: turn ON [0:1] scaling (NOT PRODUCTION READY)
  [--no-plot]: no gnuplot
  [{-n|--NxCV} <int>]: folds of cross validation
  [-q]: quiet
  [-v|--verbose]: equivalent to not specifying -q
  [--seed <int>]: fix random seed
  [-p <float>]: training set portion (in [0.0:1.0])
  [--pairs]: read from .AP files (atom pairs; will offset feat. indexes by 1)
  [--train <train.liblin>]: training set (overrides -p)
  [--valid <valid.liblin>]: validation set (overrides -p)
  [--test <test.liblin>]: test set (overrides -p)
  [{-l|--load} <filename>]: prod. mode; use trained models
  [{-s|--save} <filename>]: train. mode; save trained models
  [-f]: force overwriting existing model file
  [--scan-c]: scan for best C
  [--scan-e <int>]: epsilon scan #steps for SVR
  [--scan-g]: scan for best gamma
  [--regr]: regression (SVR); also, implied by -e and --scan-e
  [--e-range <float>:<int>:<float>]: specific range for e
  (semantic=start:nsteps:stop)
  [--c-range <float,float,...>] explicit scan range for C
  (example='0.01,0.02,0.03')
  [--g-range <float,float,...>] explicit range for gamma
  (example='0.01,0.02,0.03')
  [--r-range <float,float,...>] explicit range for r
  (example='0.01,0.02,0.03')





For people who know my linwrap opam package (a wrapper around liblinear tools), this is quite similar.
https://github.com/UnixJunkie/linwrap















GeoPub - A XMPP web client





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-geopub-a-xmpp-web-client/8819/1








pukkamustard announced





I'd like to announce an initial, proof-of-concept release of GeoPub - an XMPP web client. Unlike many XMPP clients
the focus is not on instant messaging but on creating, displaying and managing things such as events, maps,
information on local organizations and other local knowledge (see the openEngiadina
project for the context).





This initial release is not really anything useful but a proof-of-concept how such an application can be developed
using XMPP and OCaml. There are many rough edges and broken hacks that need fixing. I'd be very grateful for your
feedback, thoughts and ideas.





The source code of the app is on codeberg and a pre-built hosted version
is available here.





The application consists of some parts and ideas that I'd like to illustrate separately:








ocaml-xmpp





ocaml-xmpp is a XMPP client library for OCaml (documentation
available online.








Reactive





ocaml-xmpp is reactive in the sense that the XMPP connection is abstracted as a React event of Stanzas (small pieces
of information that flow over XMPP):






val stanzas : t -> Stanza.t React.event







This React event can be filtered for messages in a specific conversation, for example.










Transports





XMPP works with different transport mechanisms and ocaml-xmpp supports this. Currently ocaml-xmpp can be used from
Unix with a TCP/SSL connection to a XMPP server and from web browsers with a WebSocket connection. This is
implemented by abstracting the XMPP transport:






module type TRANSPORT = sig
  (** {2 Connection} *)

  type options
  (** Additional options that may be passed to the transport *)

  type t
  (** Type of an instantiated connection to an XMPP server *)

  val connect : host:string -> options -> t Lwt.t

  val close : t -> unit Lwt.t

  val closed : t -> unit Lwt.t

  (** {2 XML Stream} *)

  type stream

  val open_stream : t -> to':string -> stream Lwt.t

  val stream_id : stream -> string Lwt.t

  val send_xml : stream -> Xmlc.t -> unit Lwt.t

  val signals : stream -> Xmlc.signal Lwt_stream.t

  val stop_stream : stream -> unit Lwt.t
end







A transport establishes the underlying connection to a server and can create XML streams (in XMPP a connection is by
multiple XML streams sequentially). For technical reasons XML parsing is also handled by the transport and a stream
of XML signals (element start, data, element end) is returned. This is due to the fact that XML parsing in XMPP needs
to be done slightly differently when using TCP (a single XML document over the entire stream) or WebSockets (every
WebSocket frame is a parse-able XML document).





The Unix/TCP/SSL transport uses Markup.ml and whereas the WebSocket transport uses Xmlm (and Brrr).










Parser combinators for XML





For parsing streams of XML signals to OCaml types ocaml-xmpp contains a parser combinator helper library:
Xmlc. This allows parser for XML such as this:






<bind xmlns='urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-bind'><jid>w4iu4ckn3kjbqvcd@demo.openengiadina.net/z8Pkzfa8</jid></bind>







to be parses like this:






Xmlc.Parser.(
  element (Ns.bind "bind") (fun _ ->
    element (Ns.bind "jid") (fun _ ->
      text >>| String.concat "" >>= fun jid_s ->
      match Jid.of_string jid_s with
      | Some jid -> return jid
      | None -> fail_with "invalid JID")))












XMPP extensions





Inspiration for the scope of the core library is taken from the Strophe XMPP libraries -
everything that does not have directly to do with XMPP transport, authentication or stream management is kept outside
of the core library.





There are already some "extension" libraries outside of the core for useful XMPP features (e.g. Roster
management,
PubSub and
pinging).





One thing that I do want to add to the core library is stream management according to
XEP-0198. I expect this addition to change the core library API - the
API is not stable yet!





Much inspiration was taken from Jackline - an OCaml XMPP client - and in
particular this post on Jackline. Many thanks to @hannes.












reactor





GeoPub uses Brr. I had some trouble figuring out a suitable "architecture" for managing complex logic and ended up
hacking an Elm inspired helper library:
reactor.mli. State updates for
the entire application are then handled in a single update
function.





I'm not yet very happy with this machinery and I'm pretty sure I'm using react in wrong and dangerous ways. I'd be
very grateful for ideas on how to improve this. THis might be related to this discussion:
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/structuring-frp-specifically-note-applications/8645/17.





The reason for using React over Note is because ocaml-xmpp uses a lot of Lwt and Lwt_react provides nice bindings
for working with both. I guess something similar could be created for Note (e.g. Lwt_note) and I'm open to using
Note (also in ocaml-xmpp).










Leaflet





GeoPub displays a map using the Leaflet.js JavaScript library. GeoPub contains OCaml
bindings to Leaflet using Brr:
leaflet.mli. Writing this was
very straightforward and pleasant (I like Brr!).





One issue I have is that the Leaflet map needs to be manipulated very imperatively, whereas the rest of the
application is much more functional. This causes some mismatches. I guess one needs to find a way of hiding the
impressiveness of Leaflet (e.g. like react-leaflet).










Guix for build and development environments





I use Guix for providing a build and development environment. With guix installed one can
run guix shell in the GeoPub repository to get a reproducible build environment. All dependencies are fetched and
made available by Guix in this environment (e.g. ocaml-xmpp or the OCaml compiler).





I will publish ocaml-xmpp on OPAM once the API is more stable and an initial release can be made.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 30 Nov 2021 11:51:47 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 23 to 30, 20=
21.









opam 2.1.1, opam 2.0.10, and opam-depext 1.2





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-1-1-opam-2-0=
-10-opam-depext-1-2/8872/1








R. Boujbel announced





We are pleased to announce several minor releases: opam 2.0.10,
opam 2.1.1=
, and opam-depext
1.2.





The opam releases consist of backported fixes, while opam-depext has been adapted to be compatible with opam 2.1,
to allow for workflows which need to maintain compatibility with opam 2.0. =
With opam 2.1.1, if you export
OPAMCLI=3D2.0 into your environment then workflows expecting o=
pam 2.0 should now behave even more equivalently.





You'll find more information in the blog post .















OTOML 0.9.0 =E2=80=94 a compliant and flexible TOML parsing, m=
anipulation, and pretty-printing library





Archive: 

Daniil Baturin announced





A new 0.9.3 relase is available. Still not 1.0.0 just in case. The change I=
'm most glad I managed to make is that the
lexer is now re-entrant and doesn't use any mutable state. Where can I appl=
y for the "Designed for multicore OCaml"
certification sticker? ;)








Breaking change in the functor interface





I found an oversight that took a breaking change to fix. It didn't break an=
y package that was already in the OPAM
repository, so I'm glad I noticed it before it caused anyone trouble.





My idea to make the functor take separate integer and float modules turned =
out to be misguided: it wouldn't compose
with Otoml.get_float ~strict:false and similar functions that =
apply type conversions.





Logically, Otoml.get_float ~strict:false (Otoml.integer 5) sho=
uld produce Otoml.TomlFloat 5.0. However, it means
that get_float needs to know how to convert integers to float.=
 If integer and float types are in separate modules,
that isn't possible.





So I combined both integers and floats in a single TomlNumber.=
 That way people who want to bring their own bignum
libraries will have to write more code, but numbers will behave as they are=
 expected to in a dynamically typed
format.






module BigNumber =3D struct
  type int =3D Z.t
  type float =3D Deci=
mal.t

  let int_of_string =3D Z.of_string
  let int_to_string =3D Z.to_string
  let int_of_boolean =
b =3D if b then Z.one else Z.<=
/span>zero
  let int_to_boolean =
n =3D (n <> Z.zero)

  (* Can't just reuse Decimal.to/of_string because their optional arguments
     would cause a signature mismatch. *)
  let float_of_string s =3D Decimal.of_string s

  (* Decimal.to_string uses "NaN" spelling
     while TOML requires all special float =
values to be lowercase. *)
  let float_to_string x =3D Decimal.to_string x |> =
String.lowercase_ascii
  let float_of_boolean if b then Decimal.=
one else Decimal.zero
  let float_to_boolean Decimal.z=
ero)

  let float_of_int =3D let int_of_float =3D end

module Otoml =3D Otom=
l.Base.Make (BigNumber) (Otoml.Base.StringDate)







The next release will likely be 1.0.0 for real.

















New release of Fix





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-fix/8895/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





I am pleased to announce a new release of Fix, with several new modules
contribued by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour (thanks!).





In short, Fix is a toolkit that helps perform memoization and fixed point
computations (including data flow analyses). More generally, it offers a
number of basic algorithmic building blocks that can be useful in many
circumstances.




opam update
opam install fix.20211125





Documentation can be found here:







Enjoy,





Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier 

francois.pottier@inria.fr 

http://cambium.inria.fr/~fpo=
ttier/








2021/11/25




    

  • The new module CompactQueue offers a minimalist mutable FI=
FO queue. It is
comparable with OCaml's Queue module. In comparison with Queue, it uses
a more compact internal representation: elements are stored contiguously in
a circular array. This has a positive impact on performance: both time and
memory consumption are reduced. This data structure is optimized for maximum
throughput. (Contributed by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour, reviewed by Fran=C3=A7=
ois Pottier.)
    • 


  • The new functor DataFlow.ForCustomMaps offers a forward da=
ta flow analysis
that is tuned for greater performance. (Contributed by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric B=
our,
reviewed by Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier.)
    • 


  • The new module Indexing offers a safe API for manipulating=
 indices into
fixed-size arrays. This API involves some dynamic checks as well as static
type checks, thereby (hopefully) greatly reducing the risk of confusion in
code that uses many arrays and many indices into these arrays. (Contributed
by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour, reviewed by Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier.)
    • 


  • In DataFlow, allow the function foreach_root
(which is part of the signature DATA_FLOW_GRAPH)
to call contribute x _ several times at a single root x<=
/code>.
    • 

















New release of Menhir (20211125)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-menhir-20211=
125/8896/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





I am pleased to announce a new release of Menhir, with an exciting
contribution by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour: a groundbreaking performance impro=
vement in
menhir --list-errors. This is made possible by an entirely new=
 reachability
algorithm, which has been designed and implemented by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric, a=
nd which is
described in our paper "Faster Reachability Analysis for LR(1) Parsers". Th=
is
is the link to the paper:





http://cambium.inria.fr/~fpottier/publis/bour-pottier-reachability.=
pdf





To install the new release, just type




opam update
opam install menhir.20211125





Enjoy!





Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier 

Francois.Pottier@inria.fr 

http://cambium.inria.fr/~fpo=
ttier/




    

  • The command menhir --list-errors has been sped up by a fac=
tor of up
to x100, and requires up to x1000 less memory, thanks to a new LR(1)
reachability algorithm, which has been designed and implemented by
Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour.
    • 


  • Better document the restricted way in which the error toke=
n must be
used when using --strategy simplified. Menhir now checks that =
this
token is used only at the end of a production, and warns if this is
not the case. (Better yet, our suggestion is to not use the error
token at all!)
    • 


  • The $syntaxerror keyword is now forbidden when using
--strategy simplified. This keyword will be entirely removed
in the next release. Incidentally, we have just found out that
it behaves differently under the code back-end and under the
table back-end.
    • 


  • Disable OCaml warning 39 (unused rec flag) in the OCaml code produced
by Menhir's code back-end. This does not affect the table back-end.
(Reported by Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=A9neau.)
    • 


  • Fix a bug in --random-* which could cause Menhir to diverg=
e if the
grammar uses the error token.
    • 


  • Warn if a terminal symbol is named Error. This creates a n=
ame clash
in the public interface of the generated parser.
    • 


  • Menhir now requires OCaml 4.03.0 (instead of 4.02.3)
and Dune 2.8.0 (instead of 2.0.0).
    • 















Lwt 5.5.0, Lwt_domain 0.1.0, Lwt_react.1.1.5





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-5-5-0-lwt-d=
omain-0-1-0-lwt-react-1-1-5/8897/1








Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





It is my pleasure to announce the release of Lwt version 5.5.0, Lwt_domain =
version 0.1.0, Lwt_react version 1.1.5,
Lwt_ppx version 2.0.3 and Lwt_ppx_let version 5.5.0.





https://githu=
b.com/ocsigen/lwt/releases/tag/5.5.0





All those packages can be installed via opam as usual.








:rotating_light:  Deprecation





One notable change is the deprecation of Lwt_main.yield and Lwt_unix.yield. It is recommended to use Lwt.pause
instead.










:rocket:  Lwt_domain: an interface to multicore paral=
lelism





Another notable change is the addition of the Lwt_domain package. This pack=
age includes a single module Lwt_domain
with functions to execute some computations in parallel, using the features=
 of Multicore OCaml. The package requires
an OCaml compiler with domains support to install.





Code for this package is the work of @sudha with reviews and packaging from=
 Lwt contributors.










Other changes





The full list of changes is available in the CHANGES file.

















OCaml's CI is gradually moving to GitHub Actions





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamls-ci-=
is-gradually-moving-to-github-actions/8902/1








Sora Morimoto announced





The OCaml team started switching to GitHub Actions last year for some of th=
e official OCaml repositories. Also, we
have released some CI related stuff, such as setup-ocaml, to the community.=
 Some OCaml hackers also know that CI in
the OCaml community is gradually switching to GitHub Actions nowadays.





However, what gradually became a problem when we started switching was that=
 the number of concurrent jobs that could
run in a free account on GitHub was not enough for our activeness.





One of the major pain points for compiler contributors is that the wait tim=
e for CI to complete, which is unrelated
to the actual build, is too long. However, this has been a pain point in al=
l services, even before GitHub Actions.





The GitHub team did their best to help us make it better. As a result, they=
 offered to upgrade the OCaml
organization's plan to the team plan for free, which means that we can now =
benefit from a range of features,
including access to 3x more concurrent runners than before.







We would like to thank GitHub for supporting our team and Ahmed Bilal, who =
supported this effort.















How to combine 3 monads: Async/Lwt, Error and State?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/how-to-combine-3=
-monads-async-lwt-error-and-state/8906/9








Deep in this thread, Ivan Gotovchits said





The monads library provides the transformers for some well-known monads. Al=
l these monads have a more or less
standard implementation, offering the same performance as any other monadic=
 library can offer. Like there is no
better way of implementing the state monad other than a function. We have e=
xperimented a lot with different
performance optimizations, such as boxing and unboxing it and inlining vari=
ous operators, and keep experimenting to
get the maximum from the current compiler. In BAP, we heavily use the monad=
s library, first of all for our k=
nowledge
representation and reasoning engine, which is the foundation for all BA=
P analyses. We also use it for emulating
binary programs.  The rich interface is here to make our life easier an=
d more comfortable when we use monads. It
definitely comes for free=C2=B9 as the number of functions doesn't affect t=
he performance of the underlying
monad.





But… there is always a but :) Stacking monads using a transformer do=
es have a price. Even with the flambda
compiler. The latter is doing an excellent job of unstacking them and elimi=
nating the overhead of having a chain of
monads. But our latest experiments show that a custom-made monad (still wit=
h the monads library) performs better
under either branch of the compiler. We have rewritten our main monads that we=
re relying on transformers and got
from 20% to 50% performance improvement. But that is not to say that the mo=
nads library itself is slow or that we're
not using it, it is to say that there are other options to transformers tha=
t might work in some cases.  See the
linked PR if you want to learn the trick.





=C2=B9=E2=81=BE Provided that we ignore the size of the executable, e.g., l=
inking the core_kernel library results in a
quite large binary, which may increase the startup time. Insignificantly, b=
ut in some use cases, it might be a
significant factor.











Ivan Gotovchits then said





As it was already suggested, you can use monad transformers, to compose several monads=
 into a single monad. As a
show-case, we will use the monads library (discla=
imer, I am an author of this library), which you can install
with




opam install monads





It offers most of the well-known monads in a form of a monad transformer, w=
hich in terms of OCaml, is a functor that
takes a monad and returns a new monad that enriches it with some new behavi=
or. For example, to make a
non-deterministic error monad, we can do Monad.List.Make(Monad.Result=
.Error) and get a monadic structure (i.e., a
module that implements the Monad.S interfac=
e) that is both a list monad and an error monad.  The small caveat is
that the operations of the wrapped monad,  the error monad in our case, are=
 not available directly, so we have to
lift them, e.g.,





let fail p =3D lift @@ Monad.Result.Error.fail p






So that in the end, the full implementation of the transformed monad still =
requires some boilerplate code,






module ListE =3D struct
  type 'a t =3D 'a list Monad.Result.Error.t
  include Monad.List.Make(Monad.Result.Error)
  let fail p =
=3D lift@@Monad.Result.Error.fail p
  (* and so on for each operation that is specific to the wrapped monad =
*)
end







Now, let's try wrapping the Lwt monad into the state. We don't want to add =
the Error monad because Lwt is already the
error monad and adding an extra layer of errors monad is not what we want. =
First of all, we need to adapt the Lwt
monad to the Monad.S interface, e.g.,





module LwtM =3D struct
  type 'a t =3D 'a Lw=
t.t
  include Monad.Make(struct
      type 'a t =3D 'a let return =3D =
Lwt.return
      let bind =3D Lw=
t.bind
      let map x ~f =3D Lwt.map f x
      let map =3D `Custom map
    end)
end







If we want to keep the state type monomorphic, then we will need a module f=
or it. Suppose your state is represented
as,





module State =3D struct
  type t =3D string M=
ap.M(String=
).t
end







Now, we can use it to build our State(Lwt) Russian doll,





module IO =3D struct
  include Monad.State.T1(State)(LwtM)
  include Monad.State.Make(State)(LwtM)

  (* let's lift [read] as an example *)<=
/span>
  let read fd =
buf =
ofs len =3D
    lift (Lwt_unix.read fd buf ofs l=
en)
end







The Monad.State.T1 functor is used to create the types for the=
 generated monad. You can write them manually, of
course, like as we did in the List(Error) example, but the type generating =
modules are here for the
convenience=C2=B9





Now, let's get back to the problem of the lifting. It looks tedious to impo=
ssible to lift every operation from Lwt.
Commonly, we try to put the smaller monad inside, to minimize the work, but=
 it doesn't work with Lwt as the latter is
not a transformer. So what is the solution? For me, the solution is to not =
lift the operations at all, but instead,
define your IO abstraction and hide that it is using Lwt underneath the hoo=
d. This will make the code that uses this
new abstraction more generic and less error-prone so that it can focus on t=
he business logic and the implementation
details could be hidden inside the monad implementation. This is what the m=
onads are for, anyway.





=C2=B9=E2=81=BE We omit the types from the output of the Make =
functor since for a long time OCaml didn't allow the
repetition of types in a structure so having the types in it will prevent u=
s from composing various flavors of monads
using include. It is also a long-time convention widely used i=
n many OCaml libraries, including Core and Async. A
convention that we probably don't need anymore.















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 14 Dec 2021 12:02:26 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 07 to 14,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

kqueue-ml 0.2.0 and poll 0.1.0
SWIPl-OCaml v0.5 - Never write your own unification algorithms again!
opam 2.1.2
Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta10
A hassle-free setup to release binaries for different platforms: the opam r=
elease process experiment
Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta11
What's the best way to save an huge amount of data in a file
p5scm 0.1.0
nanoid 1.0.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


kqueue-ml 0.2.0 and poll 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anurag Soni announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'd like to announce new releases for [kqueue-ml] (version 0.2.0) and
  an initial release of [poll] (version 0.1.0).

  *Kqueue-ml*: Thin bindings to the kqueue event notification
   system. Changes since the last release:

  =E2=80=A2 Remove dependency on ctypes
  =E2=80=A2 Limit support to 64 bit systems
  =E2=80=A2 Adds constant values to be used as filter flags in the public A=
PI

  Installation: [opam install kqueue]

  Caveat: This is again mostly tested on macOS, but I plan to work on
  testing and fixing bugs for getting the library to work well on the
  various BSD systems, so please open issues if you use it on a BSD
  system and notice problems (Thanks!).

  *Poll*: Portable OCaml interface to macOS/Linux/Windows native IO
   event notification mechanisms

  Installation: [opam install poll]

  This is the first release of poll, which builds on top of `kqueue-ml'
  and adds bindings to the system IO event notifications on linux and
  windows to provide a portable polling interface. It uses kqueue on
  macOS, epoll on linux, and uses [wepoll] on windows so it can leverage
  IOCP on windows instead of select. All io events will be level
  triggered, i.e. there will be a notification as long as the file
  descriptor being watched is ready to read/write.

  If you experience any problems, please open an issue on the Github
  Issue tracker :slightly_smiling_face:


[kqueue-ml] 

[poll] 

[opam install kqueue] 

[opam install poll] 

[wepoll] 


SWIPl-OCaml v0.5 - Never write your own unification algorithms again!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kiran Gopinathan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hey all! I am just posting to announce a new package I've been working
  on: OCaml bindings to SWI-Prolog (ver 8.5 or higher)!

  

  It's currently in the process of being submitted to OPAM, but it's my
  first time writing a package with bindings to C (using ctypes), so
  some further changes might be needed? maybe?, but you can find the
  source code repository here: [repo]/[github mirror].

  As a sneak peek of what the API looks like, here's a hello world:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* initialise SWIProlog *)
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D Swipl.initialise ()
  =E2=94=82 (* setup the prolog database with some facts *)
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D Swipl.load_source "hello :- writeln('hello world')."
  =E2=94=82 (* construct a Swipl term in OCaml *)
  =E2=94=82 let hello =3D Swipl.Syntax.(!"hello")
  =E2=94=82 (* send the term to the Prolog engine *)
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D Swipl.with_ctx @@ fun ctx -> Swipl.call ctx hello
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've taken care to provide some detailed documentation + quick start
  guide using odoc (see
  ) - the
  quick start guide shows a step by step walkthrough on using the
  library to write a type inference algorithm for lambda calculus using
  OCaml+Prolog (no need to write your own UF).

  Anyway, hope this might be useful for others - I have spent way too
  long racking my brains on writing dumb custom unification algorithms,
  but now, no more!


[repo] 

[github mirror] 


Kiran Gopinathan later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here's another example that might be interesting for those who have
  experience with SWI-Prolog.

  You can even get native interaction with CHR:
   is a very
  elegant framework which comes bundled with SWI Prolog that allows
  users to write complex domain specific constraint solving engines in a
  concise declaritive way.

  Here's a CHR system that models the interaction between `salt' and
  `water' (basic I know, but look up CHR to see some more powerful
  examples):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D Swipl.load_source "
  =E2=94=82 :- use_module(library(chr)).
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 :- chr_constraint salt/0, water/0, salt_water/0.
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 salt, water <=3D> salt_water.
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 reducesTo_(Goal, C) :-
  =E2=94=82 	call(Goal),
  =E2=94=82 	call(user:'$enumerate_constraints'(C)).
  =E2=94=82 reducesTo(Goal, Constraints) :-
  =E2=94=82 	findall(Constraint, reducesTo_(Goal, Constraint), Constraints).
  =E2=94=82 "
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Which we can then embed into OCaml using the following code:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let solve_constraints ls =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* Create a new term variable context *)
  =E2=94=82   Swipl.with_ctx (fun ctx ->
  =E2=94=82     (* create a term for the result *)
  =E2=94=82     let result =3D Swipl.fresh ctx in
  =E2=94=82     (* encode the constraint store *)
  =E2=94=82     let goal =3D encode ls in
  =E2=94=82     (* send the query to the Prolog engine *)
  =E2=94=82     Swipl.call ctx (reducesTo goal result);
  =E2=94=82     (* extract the result *)
  =E2=94=82     decode ctx result
  =E2=94=82   )
  =E2=94=82 (* val solve_constraints: t list -> t list *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  (Again, some steps have been omitted for brevity, and you should check
  out the quick start guide for a step by step walkthrough).


opam 2.1.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are pleased to announce the minor release of [opam 2.1.2].

  This opam release consists of [backported] fixes, including:

  =E2=80=A2 Fallback on `dnf' if `yum' does not exist on RHEL-based systems
    ([#4825])

  =E2=80=A2 Use `--no-depexts' in CLI 2.0 mode. This further improves the u=
se of
    opam 2.1 as a drop-in replacement for opam 2.0 in CI, for example
    with setup-ocaml in GitHub Actions. ([#4908])

  To upgrade simply run:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocam=
l/opam/master/shell/install.sh) --version 2.1.2"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[opam 2.1.2] 

[backported] 

[#4825] 

[#4908] 


Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta10
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Added
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Added "extends" experimentally.


Changed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Remove some hacks as `--no-depexts' is now used in CLI 2.0 mode=
 from
    opam 2.1.2.

  


A hassle-free setup to release binaries for different platforms: the opam r=
elease process experiment
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On top of the [opam 2.1.2 announcement], I=E2=80=99d like share an experi=
ment
  with the opam release script used for this release.

  As you might know, for each releases of opam we provide pre-compiled
  binaries for ease of use.  We=E2=80=99ve had a release script which up to=
 this
  point required a specific setup to get it running correctly. For
  instance we had to setup a local OpenBSD machine (possibliy
  virtualised), a macOS/x86_64 machine and a macOS/arm64. This setup is
  rather tedious to reproduce.

  To improve this situation I=E2=80=99ve experimented over the past week wi=
th
  [QEMU] and [Rosetta 2] to make it a "one click script":

  

  This change makes so that the script now only requires a
  macOS/arm64. From there you can:
  =E2=80=A2 compile locally for macOS/arm64 binaries
  =E2=80=A2 compile locally for macOS/x86_64 binaries (using Rosetta 2)
  =E2=80=A2 compile for BSDs (using QEMU)
  =E2=80=A2 compile for Linux (using Docker)

  With this, the [binaries] for this release have been compiled with
  this more reproducible setup, and now include FreeBSD/x86_64 binaries
  as well :sparkles:

  If someone wants to have a similar setup to distribute binaries here
  is the git repository (using Git LFS to store the large files). Feel
  free to use and experiment with it:

  

  For now it only has OpenBSD/x86_64 and FreeBSD/x86_64 images but it
  could theoretically have more. Although I=E2=80=99m not accepting PRs for=
 now
  (for obvious security reasons), I=E2=80=99m open to suggestions to add mo=
re
  platforms. See the [README] for high level details about the setup.


[opam 2.1.2 announcement]


[QEMU] 

[Rosetta 2] 

[binaries] 

[README]



Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta11
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Fixed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Add support for more styles for the ocamlformat configuration in
    lint-fmt action.

  


What's the best way to save an huge amount of data in a file
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  What a coincidence, I wrote an [Avro library] very recently. The paint
  is still fresh. However, it might be worth giving it a try as it's
  exactly the targeted use case: many rows of relatively simple data,
  encoded as binary; it also supports gzip compression (per "block" of N
  many rows, with N configurable). And there's no need to worry about
  endianess.

  It typically uses code generation from a schema (a json file).

  There's libraries for Avro in java (with all the Spark ecosystem) and
  also python (see "fastavro").


[Avro library] 


p5scm 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jason Nielsen announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99ve released [p5scm] which is now up on `opam'.  It is a scheme-=
like
  implementation on top of `camlp5''s [pa_schemer.ml] extension.  I know
  that `camlp5' isn't the cool kid on the block these days but it is a
  powerful tool and pretty cool in my estimation ;-).


[p5scm] 

[pa_schemer.ml]



nanoid 1.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


mefyl announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the release of [nanoid 1.0.0]. NanoID are
  [popular unique ids] amongst the javascript ecosystem. This library
  brings an equivalent native implementation and a virtual library to
  transparently branch between the native implementation and the
  original javascript one. The intent is to enable pieces of code
  generating such ids to be moved transparently between frontend and
  backend of a web stack.

  This is an humble first contribution to gain some experience and will
  hopefully be followed by more of our internal developments.


[nanoid 1.0.0] 

[popular unique ids] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocamlcore planet blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [OCaml Planet].

  =E2=80=A2 [Monorobot: a Slack bot for monorepos]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.1.2 release]


[OCaml Planet] 

[Monorobot: a Slack bot for monorepos]


[opam 2.1.2 release] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 07 to 14, 20=
21.









kqueue-ml 0.2.0 and poll 0.1.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-kqueue-ml-0-2-0-and-poll-0-=
1-0/8958/1








Anurag Soni announced





I'd like to announce new releases for kqueue-ml (version 0.2.0) and an
initial release of poll =
(version 0.1.0).





Kqueue-ml: Thin bindings to the kqueue event notification system. Ch=
anges since the last release:




    

  • Remove dependency on ctypes
    • 

  • Limit support to 64 bit systems
    • 

  • Adds constant values to be used as filter flags in the public API
    • 





Installation: opam inst=
all kqueue





Caveat: This is again mostly tested on macOS, but I plan to work on testing=
 and fixing bugs for getting the library
to work well on the various BSD systems, so please open issues if you use i=
t on a BSD system and notice problems
(Thanks!).





Poll: Portable OCaml interface to macOS/Linux/Windows native IO even=
t notification mechanisms





Installation: =
opam install poll





This is the first release of poll, which builds on top of kqueue-ml and adds bindings to the system IO event
notifications on linux and windows to provide a portable polling interface.=
 It uses kqueue on macOS, epoll on linux,
and uses wepoll on w=
indows so it can leverage IOCP on windows instead of
select. All io events will be level triggered, i.e. there will be a notific=
ation as long as the file descriptor being
watched is ready to read/write.





If you experience any problems, please open an issue on the Github Issue tr=
acker :slightly_smiling_face:















SWIPl-OCaml v0.5 - Never write your own unification algorithms=
 again!





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/ann-swipl-ocaml-v0-5-never-write-your-own-unification-algorithms-again=
/8968/1








Kiran Gopinathan announced





Hey all! I am just posting to announce a new package I've been working on: =
OCaml bindings to SWI-Prolog (ver 8.5 or
higher)!







3D"b5a466fc6bc9=







It's currently in the process of being submitted to OPAM, but it's my first=
 time writing a package with bindings to C
(using ctypes), so some further changes might be needed? maybe?, but you ca=
n find the source code repository here:
repo/github mirror.





As a sneak peek of what the API looks like, here's a hello world:





(* initialise SWIProlog *)
let () =3D Swipl.initialise ()
(* s=
etup the prolog database with some facts *)
let () =3D Swipl.load_source "hello :- writeln('hello world')."
(* c=
onstruct a Swipl term in OCaml *)
let hello =3D Swipl=
.Syntax.(!"hello")
(* s=
end the term to the Prolog engine *)=

let () =3D Swipl.with_ctx @@ fun ctx -> Swipl.call ctx hello







I've taken care to provide some detailed documentation + quick start guide =
using odoc (see
http=
s://gopiandcode.github.io/SWIPL-OCaml/swipl/index.html) - the quick sta=
rt guide shows a step by step walkthrough
on using the library to write a type inference algorithm for lambda calculu=
s using OCaml+Prolog (no need to write
your own UF).





Anyway, hope this might be useful for others - I have spent way too long ra=
cking my brains on writing dumb custom
unification algorithms, but now, no more!











Kiran Gopinathan later added





Here's another example that might be interesting for those who have experie=
nce with SWI-Prolog.





You can even get native interaction with CHR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constr=
aint_Handling_Rules is a very
elegant framework which comes bundled with SWI Prolog that allows users to =
write complex domain specific constraint
solving engines in a concise declaritive way.





Here's a CHR system that models the interaction between salt a=
nd water (basic I know, but look up CHR to see some
more powerful examples):





let () =3D Swipl.load_so=
urce "
:- use_module(library(chr)).

:- chr_constraint salt/0, water/0, salt_wat=
er/0.

salt, water <=3D> salt_water.

reducesTo_(Goal, C) :-
        call(Goal),
        call(user:'$enumerate_constraints'(=
C)).
reducesTo(Goal, Constraints) :-
        findall(Constraint, reducesTo_(Goal=
, Constraint), Constraints).
"







Which we can then embed into OCaml using the following code:





let solve_constraints ls =3D
  (* Create a new term variable context =
*)
  Swipl.with_ctx (fun ctx ->
    (* create a term for the result *)
    let result =3D Sw=
ipl.fresh ctx in<=
/span>
    (* encode the constraint store *)
    let goal =3D encode ls in
    (* send the query to the Prolog engine *)
    Swipl.call ctx (reducesTo goal r=
esult);
    (* extract the result *)
    decode ctx result
  )
(* v=
al solve_constraints: t list -> t list *)






(Again, some steps have been omitted for brevity, and you should check out =
the quick start guide for a step by step
walkthrough).















opam 2.1.2





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-1-2/8973/1








Kate announced





We are pleased to announce the minor release of opam 2.1.2.





This opam release consists of backported fixes, including:







To upgrade simply run:





bash -c "sh &l=
t;(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/ins=
tall.sh) --version 2.1.2"

















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta10





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta10/8974/1=









Sora Morimoto announced








Added




    

  • Added "extends" experimentally.
    • 










Changed




    

  • Remove some hacks as --no-depexts is now used in CLI 2.0 m=
ode from opam 2.1.2.
    • 





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta10

















A hassle-free setup to release binaries for different platform=
s: the opam release process experiment





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-hassle-free-setup-to-release-binaries-f=
or-different-platforms-the-opam-release-process-experiment/8975/1








Kate announced





On top of the o=
pam 2.1.2 announcement, I=E2=80=99d like share an
experiment with the opam release script used for this release.





As you might know, for each releases of opam we provide pre-compiled binari=
es for ease of use.
We=E2=80=99ve had a release script which up to this point required a specif=
ic setup to get it running correctly. For instance
we had to setup a local OpenBSD machine (possibliy virtualised), a macOS/x8=
6_64 machine and a macOS/arm64. This setup
is rather tedious to reproduce.





To improve this situation I=E2=80=99ve experimented over the past week with=
 QEMU and
Rose=
tta 2 to make it a "one click script":





https://github.com/ocam=
l/opam/pull/4947





This change makes so that the script now only requires a macOS/arm64. From =
there you can:



    

  • compile locally for macOS/arm64 binaries
    • 

  • compile locally for macOS/x86_64 binaries (using Rosetta 2)
    • 

  • compile for BSDs (using QEMU)
    • 

  • compile for Linux (using Docker)
    • 





With this, the binaries for this release have been compiled with
this more reproducible setup, and now include FreeBSD/x86_64 binaries as we=
ll :sparkles:





If someone wants to have a similar setup to distribute binaries here is the=
 git repository (using Git LFS to store
the large files). Feel free to use and experiment with it:





https://gitlab.=
com/kit-ty-kate/qemu-base-images





For now it only has OpenBSD/x86_64 and FreeBSD/x86_64 images but it could t=
heoretically have more. Although I=E2=80=99m not
accepting PRs for now (for obvious security reasons), I=E2=80=99m open to s=
uggestions to add more platforms. See the
README for high level details about the
setup.















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta11





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta11/9002/1=









Sora Morimoto announced








Fixed




    

  • Add support for more styles for the ocamlformat configuration in lint-f=
mt action.
    • 





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta11

















What's the best way to save an huge amount of data in a file




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/whats-=
the-best-way-to-save-an-huge-amount-of-data-in-a-file/9003/5








Deep in this thread, Simon Cruanes announced





What a coincidence, I wrote an
Avro library very rece=
ntly. The
paint is still fresh. However, it might be worth giving it a try as it's
exactly the targeted use case: many rows of relatively simple data,
encoded as binary; it also supports gzip compression (per "block" of N
many rows, with N configurable). And there's no need to worry about
endianess.





It typically uses code generation from a schema (a json file).





There's libraries for Avro in java (with all the Spark ecosystem) and
also python (see "fastavro").















p5scm 0.1.0





Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-p5scm-0-1-0/9014/1








Jason Nielsen announced





I=E2=80=99ve released p5scm =
which is now up on opam.  It is a scheme-like implementation
on top of camlp5's pa_schemer.ml extension.  I
know that camlp5 isn't the cool kid on the block these days bu=
t it is a powerful tool and pretty cool in my
estimation ;-).















nanoid 1.0.0





Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-nanoid-1-0-0/9017/1








mefyl announced





I'm pleased to announce the release of nanoid 1.0.0. NanoID are
popular unique ids amongst the=
 javascript ecosystem. This library brings an
equivalent native implementation and a virtual library to transparently bra=
nch between the native implementation and
the original javascript one. The intent is to enable pieces of code generat=
ing such ids to be moved transparently
between frontend and backend of a web stack.





This is an humble first contribution to gain some experience and will hopef=
ully be followed by more of our internal
developments.















Other OCaml News








From the ocamlcore planet blog





Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at OCaml Planet.

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 21 Dec 2021 10:11:54 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 14 to 21,
2021.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Are you teaching using the Learn-OCaml platform?
A SOCKS implementation for OCaml
Old CWN


Are you teaching using the Learn-OCaml platform?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Erik Martin-Dorel announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The OCaml Software Foundation is developing the teaching platform
  Learn-OCaml that provides auto-graded exercises for OCaml, and was
  initially authored by OCamlPro for the OCaml MOOC:
  

  The platform is free software and easy to deploy; this is great, but
  as a result we keep learning of users/deployments that we had no idea
  of. We would be interested in having a better view of our
  user-base. If you use Learn-OCaml as a teacher, could you answer this
  email (To: e.mdorel@gmail.com) and let us know?

  Ideally we would like to know:

  =E2=80=A2 Where are you using Learn-OCaml?  =E2=86=92 in which university=
 (in a
    specific course?), or in which company, online community or =E2=80=A6 ?
  =E2=80=A2 How many students/learners use your deployment in a year?

  Also FYI:

  =E2=80=A2 For an example of Learn-OCaml instance, see
    
  =E2=80=A2 Last October we had a 0.13.0 release, full of new features:
    
  =E2=80=A2 For any question related to Learn-OCaml, feel free to create a
    discussion topic on  , category
    Community, tag /learn-ocaml/.
  =E2=80=A2 And if need be, opening an issue in
     if of course warmly
    welcome as well.


A SOCKS implementation for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Renato Alencar announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have been working on a SOCKS implementation for OCaml and specially
  for MirageOS. It's not really complete or stable yet (not even
  published), it only has a couple of proof of concepts on the examples
  directory and it doesn't integrate with the well known libraries of
  the ecosystem.

  I would like to ask for feedback, and some thoughts about how could we
  have that in Conduit and Cohttp for example, so It'd be just plugged
  in into those libraries without having to directly depending on it. I
  plan to implement that for those libraries and have it submitted
  upstream, but not without some clear thoughts about how to make a
  clear interface for that.

  Besides being sloppy, I have a few issues described on GitHub, and it
  should be addressed on the next few days. Anyone is welcome to discuss
  those issues as some of them are still foggy for me, and having some
  other views on that would be great.

  


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 14 to 21, 20=
21.









Are you teaching using the Learn-OCaml platform?





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-12/msg00007.html=









Erik Martin-Dorel announced





The OCaml Software Foundation is developing the teaching platform
Learn-OCaml that provides auto-graded exercises for OCaml, and was
initially authored by OCamlPro for the OCaml MOOC:
https://ocaml-sf.org/learn-oc=
aml/





The platform is free software and easy to deploy; this is great, but as a
result we keep learning of users/deployments that we had no idea of. We
would be interested in having a better view of our user-base. If you use
Learn-OCaml as a teacher, could you answer this email (To:
e.mdorel@gmail.com) and let us know?





Ideally we would like to know:




    

  • Where are you using Learn-OCaml?
=E2=86=92 in which university (in a specific course?), or in which company,=
 online community or =E2=80=A6 ?
    • 

  • How many students/learners use your deployment in a year?
    • 





Also FYI:

















A SOCKS implementation for OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-socks-implementation-for-ocaml/=
9041/1








Renato Alencar announced





I have been working on a SOCKS implementation for OCaml and specially for M=
irageOS. It's not
really complete or stable yet (not even published), it only has a couple of=
 proof of concepts
on the examples directory and it doesn't integrate with the well known libr=
aries of the
ecosystem.





I would like to ask for feedback, and some thoughts about how could we have=
 that in Conduit
and Cohttp for example, so It'd be just plugged in into those libraries wit=
hout having to
directly depending on it. I plan to implement that for those libraries and =
have it submitted
upstream, but not without some clear thoughts about how to make a clear int=
erface for that.





Besides being sloppy, I have a few issues described on GitHub, and it shoul=
d be addressed on
the next few days. Anyone is welcome to discuss those issues as some of the=
m are still foggy
for me, and having some other views on that would be great.





https://git=
hub.com/renatoalencar/ocaml-socks-client















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 28 Dec 2021 09:59:58 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 21 to 28, 20=
21.





Happy Winter Solstice!









New release of Feat





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2021-12/msg00010.html=









Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





I am happy to announce a new release of Feat, a library that offers support
for counting, enumerating, and sampling objects of a certain kind, such as
(say) the inhabitants of an algebraic data type.





This new release integrates a contribution by Jonah Beckford. The library is
now split in three packages: feat-core is parameterized over an
implementation of big integers; feat instantiates feat-c=
ore with big
integers provided by zarith; feat-num instantiate=
s it with big integers
provided by num.






opam update
opam install feat
# or=
: opam install feat-num







More details can be found here:





https://gitlab.inria.fr/=
fpottier/feat/















Debugger support for OCaml





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/debugger-support-for-ocaml/9057/1








Christian Lindig asked





What is the current state of debugger support for OCaml? I am aware of ocam=
ldebug but every time I'm trying to use it
I feel thrown back to 2000 where it essentially existed in the same form (a=
nd still has no command line editing built
in). Despite the powerful concept of time traveling, it does not seem very =
useful today. For example, it can't be
attached to a running program and it does not work with native code. What i=
s the state of GDB support? What debugger
would one use on macOS?











linoscope replied





Have you taken a look at ocamlearlybird (github,
announcement)? I have never used it myself, but
based on the demo it seems pretty=
 nice.











Sid Kshatriya also replied





I agree that debugging in OCaml seems to be stuck in time.





This is extremely unfortunate because it is able to do time traveling (as y=
ou mention) which is something that many
other languages still cannot boast.




    

  • ocamldebug does not work properly when there is more than =
1 OS thread
    • 

  • As types are erased during compile time in OCaml, it can be difficult t=
o debug polymorphic functions. Rust and C/C++ monomorphise all code so ther=
e is never any confusion about the type of anything in the debugger. Golang=
 and Java have type information available during runtime so again, debuggin=
g is easy. In this respect OCaml is similar to Haskell while using the byte=
-code debugger.
    • 

  • The future of ocamldebug is unknown on multicore
    • 





As far as GDB support is concerned, there was a project to improve GDB supp=
ort (so you could print out variables like
in ocamldebug IIUC) but it never got merged into trunk.





However, if you are interested in low level debugging in gdb, here is a
recent
answer related to this.





My guess is that ocamldebug will continue to work for the sing=
le domain, single thread case in OCaml 5.00 but
ocamldebug is currently broken in multicore there (AFAIK).















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 28, 2021 to =
January 04, 2022.









A hack for toplevel breakpoints using effect handlers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-hack-for-t=
oplevel-breakpoints-using-effect-handlers/9065/1








wiktor announced





I started playing with effect handlers and wondered if they could be used t=
o implement toplevel breakpoints. It's a
big hack and probably unsound at the moment, but it works and here's an exa=
mple interaction:






let arr =3D
  let fact n =
=3D
    let arr =3D Array=
.make (n+1) 1 in<=
/span>
    let rec loop i =3D
      if i <=3D n then begin
        Break.break ["i", i; "arr", arr];
        arr.(i) <- arr.(i-1) * i;
        loop (i+1)
      end
    in
    (loop 1; arr)
  in
    fact 5;;
# (* We hit a breakpoint and obtain the continuation k *)
  k ();;
- : bool =3D true
# (* the bools are leaking from the execute_phrase function
   * inside the toplevel *)
  k ();;
- : bool =3D true
# i;;
- : int =3D 3
# arr;;
- : int array =3D [|1; 1; 2; 1; 1; 1|]
# (* let's disturb the computation of factorials *)
  arr.(i-1) <- 42;;
- : unit =3D ()
# k ();;
- : bool =3D true
# (* btw: here the user is like a scheduler for yield-based async *)
  k ();;
- : bool =3D true
# k ();;
val arr : int array =3D [|1; 1; 42; 126; 504; 2520|]
- : bool =3D true







Currently I don't try to clean up bindings or values, which is a source of =
unsoundness. After the last k () we got
two results: First the computation of let arr ... finished, an=
d then the computation of k () finished. But k is
a part of the execution of let arr ..., so these two execution=
s "intersect" without one being contained in the
other. This makes the question of what should the current variable bindings=
 be complicated. Setting the bindings at
end of execution is futile, when a continuation may in such a way leak bind=
ings from breakpoint time.





Possibly a stack discipline for the execution of phrases is required to mak=
e the environments behave properly: at the
end of executing a phrase we cancel (with another effect, maybe) other exec=
utions which "depend" on the current
execution (evaluate the k obtained from a breakpoint in the cu=
rrent execution). This should eliminate these
"intersections" and we could throw out the bindings added by the cancelled =
executions.





I haven't tried anything with polymorphism yet, but type variables should p=
robably be changed into abstract types
inside the binders.





Here's the code:
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml/compa=
re/multicore-pr...wiktorkuchta:toplevel-break











wiktor later said





Well, this might have been unnecessary, as most of it can be done properly =
in userspace (with more syntactic
overhead).






open EffectHandlers
open Deep

type ('a, 'b) res =3D
  | Bp of 'a * ((unit, ('a, 'b) res) continua=
tion)
  | Fin <=
span style=3D"color: #a020f0;">of 'b

module type P1 =3D sig  val i : int  val arr : int array end
type payload =3D P1 of=
 (module P1)
type _ eff +=3D Break : payload -> unit eff

let arr () =3D
  let fact n =
=3D
    let arr =3D Array=
.make (n+1) 1 in<=
/span>
    let rec loop i =3D
      if i <=3D n then begin
        perform (Break (P=
1 (module =
struct let i =3D i =
let arr =3D arr end)));
        arr.(i) <- arr.(i-1) * i;
        loop (i+1)
      end
    in
    (loop 1; arr)
  in
    fact 5;;

let with_break th =3D
  try_with (fun () -> Fin (th ())) ()
  { effc =3D fun (type a) (e : a eff<=
/span>) ->
      match e with
      | Break p -> Som=
e (fun (k : (a,_) continuation) -> Bp (p, k))
      | _ -> =
None }

let cont =3D functi=
on
  | Bp (_=
, k) -> continue k ()
  | Fin _=
 -> failwith "computation finished, cannot continue"

let get =3D functio=
n
  | Bp (r=
, _) -> r
  | Fin _=
 -> failwith "computation finished, no breakpoint payload"

let get1 r =
=3D match get r with P1 m -> m








# let r =3D with_break a=
rr;;
val r : (payload, int array) res =3D Bp (P1 <module>, <abstr>)
# open (val get1 r);;
val i : int =3D 1
val arr : int array =3D [|1; 1; 1; 1; 1; 1|]







The main pain point is having to define the payload types. In basic cases t=
he payload type could be just a simple
polymorphic variant. It would be nice if it could be completely inferred, b=
ut it's unlikely as `Break` has to have a
statically known argument.





With a bit of help from tooling (ppxes for code generation and shorthands i=
n the toplevel), this could be better than
printf debugging.











Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni then said





This is an interesting experiment.



    

  • This reminds me of the idea of high-level stack inspection for debuggin=
g and security (articulated for instance in Clements' PhD thesis Portable and high-level access to the stack with Continuati=
on Marks; here's another more recent paper from the Racket people that might=
 be relevant). One can ask whether a PPX can provide high-level stack inspe=
ction or if one needs support from the compiler for that. It's nice to expe=
riment.
    • 

  • A few years ago someone asked whether there could be a use to untyped a=
lgebraic effects in OCaml (in the sense that they do not appear in the effe=
ct annotation in function types). I proposed debugging as an example. Someo=
ne suggested that it is not too hard to adapt the interface types of all fu=
nctions in the call chain to add the appropriate effect annotation (and rem=
ove it afterwards), but I was not convinced.
    • 















Multi-shot continuations gone forever?





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multi-shot-continuations-gon=
e-forever/9072/1








cyberpink asked





What happens with multi-shot continuations now that Obj.clone_continuation =
was removed?
(ht=
tps://github.com/ocaml-multicore/ocaml-multicore/pull/651)





Anything that requires a "fork" operation, like say, a probabilistic progra=
mming EDSL, needs this. None of the old
examples I've looked at like Delimcc on top of
effects have been updated to use a new
method, and I haven't been able to find any hints of one.





Are multi-shot continuations just not possible now? Are there plans to add =
something equivalent back in later?











Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r replied





Yes, multi-shot continuations are gone and is unlikely that they will find =
their way back any time soon. One (good)
reason is explained in h=
ttps://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3434314 :







3D"8d26520ef0f7=







and







3D"b28fa14f9673=













Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni then said





I think the question still stands. You cut the sentence =E2=80=9C_Extending=
 our system with multi-shot continuations is
future work (=C2=A78)_=E2=80=9D. Also the paper is about a particular model=
 based on separation logic rather than OCaml itself
(for instance the authors also mention that their continuations are affine =
instead of linear unlike in OCaml
multicore).





Nevertheless, the multicore designers were aware that duplicating continuat=
ions makes it complicated to reason about
resources. The topic of mixing continuations and linearity has been better =
studied from the angle of algebraic models
of computation and proof theory. Essentially, with an effect system you cou=
ld ensure that certain kinds of effects do
not happen in the delimited part of the program (including allocating a res=
ource), which controls copiability of the
stack from the point of view of reasoning about the program. This is inspir=
ed by some logics that mix classical and
intuitionistic or linear logic. From this angle the ability to copy a conti=
nuation would be restricted to a sub-part
of the language which is pure to some degree. This should also be a suitabl=
e starting point if one wanted to develop
a program logic to formalise the reasoning about such programs.





However according to #651 there were more technical
reasons to drop clone_continuation, such as breaking compiler =
optimizations. I am curious as well to know whether
there are plans to reintroduce clone_continuation at some poin=
t, but obviously this would require some effort.











KC Sivaramakrishnan said





@nojb and @gadmm have already answered why we've dropped support for =
clone_continuation now. We will need to track
the copiability of the continuation in the continuation type and compiler o=
ptimisations also need to be made aware of
the possibility of copying. Given the pervasive nature of its effects, ther=
e are no immediate plans to bring the
feature back. We will have to come back to this after we have typed effects.







Anything that requires a =E2=80=9Cfork=E2=80=9D operation, like say, a prob=
abilistic programming EDSL







One can get pretty far with PPL with just one-shot continuations. My studen=
t and I did some experiments building a
DSL for a PPL to learn about the space: https://github.com/Arnhav-Datar/EffPPL. Having spoken t=
o PPL experts there
are indeed some usecases where multi-shot continuations are useful, but fro=
m what I understand, the one-shotness
isn't a blocker for PPL.





I would be interested in collecting usecases where multi-shot continuations=
 are absolutely necessary.











gasche then said





Interesting!





My (probably naive) mental model of HANSEI-style libraries, using multishot=
 continuations, is that they are
extensions/generalization of a non-probabilistic "logic/non-deterministic m=
onad" that searches for the set of
solutions to a problem. Multishot continuations are naturally used in non-d=
eterministic computations at backtracking
points, to explore different search directions and collect the result. It i=
s possible to avoid multishot
continuations by replaying the whole search from the start each time (refer=
ence: Capturing the future by =
replaying
the past), but this involves duplicated computations so it is less effi=
cient
(reference: Asymptotic speedup=
 with first-class control).





Can you give some intuition of how other approaches to probalistic inferenc=
e work, that do not require multishot
continuations? Are they also duplicating computations, or are they using a =
magic trick to avoid this issue with a
different inference algorithm?





I tried to find an answer to this question by reading the internship
report, but I couldn't locate an answer. (The
report mentions HANSEI in the related work, but it does not discuss this qu=
estion.) The report explains that the
inference algorithm, called HMC (Hamiltonian Monte Carlo), uses automatic d=
ifferenciation; so it uses a sort of
symbolic manipulation / analysis of the probabilistic program to sample. Bu=
t does this avoid repeated computations?
It may be the case instead that the differential is as large or larger than=
 the program itself, and that the search
algorithm using this differential in effect perform a program-sized computa=
tion at each search step, duplicating
computations.











Sadiq said





Not a PPL but I've been hacking on a little effects-based model checker for=
 concurrent data structures that
implements dynamic partial order reduction (https://github.com/sadiqj/dscheck/ - a WIP!). Multi-sho=
t continuations
would have been very useful.





I ended up implementing something that involves maintaining a schedule and =
repeatedly replaying the computation. It
looks very similar to what Cap=
turing the future.. proposes.















New release of Menhir (20211230)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-menhir-20211=
230/9077/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





Dear OCaml & Menhir users,





I am pleased to announce a new release of Menhir, with a major improvement.





The code back-end has been rewritten from the ground up by =C3=89mile Troti=
gnon
and by myself, and now produces efficient and well-typed OCaml code. The
infamous Obj.magic is not used any more.





Furthermore, the new code back-end produces code that is more aggressively
optimized, leading to a significant reduction in memory allocation and a
typical performance improvement of up to 20% compared to the previous code
back-end.






opam update
opam install menhir.20211230







Happy well-typed parsing in 2022!








2021/12/30




    

  • 
The code back-end has been rewritten from the ground up by =C3=89mile Troti=
gnon
and Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier, and now produces efficient and well-typed=
 OCaml
code. The infamous Obj.magic is not used any more.

    


    
The table back-end and the Coq back-end are unaffected by this change.

    


    
The main side effects of this change are as follows:

    


      

    • The code back-end now needs type information. This means that 
      
either Menhir's type inference mechanism must be enabled
	 (the easiest way of enabling it is to use Menhir via dune
	  and to check that the dune-project file says
	  (using menhir 2.0) or later) 
      
or the type of every nonterminal symbol must be
     explicitly given via a %type declaration.
      • 


    • The code back-end no longer allows the type of any symbol to be an
open polymorphic variant type, such as [> `A ]. As a workar=
ound,
we suggest using a closed polymorphic variant instead.
      • 


    • 
The code back-end now adheres to the simplified error-handling strat=
egy,
as opposed to the legacy strategy.

      


      
For grammars that do not use the error token, this make=
s no difference.

      


      
For grammars that use the error token in the limited way permi=
tted by
the simplified strategy, this makes no difference either. The simplified
strategy makes the following requirement: the error token shou=
ld always
appear at the end of a production, whose semantic action should abort the
parser by raising an exception.

      


      
Grammars that make more complex use of the error token, and th=
erefore
need the legacy strategy, cannot be compiled by the new code b=
ack-end.
As a workaround, it is possible to switch to the table back-end (using
--table --strategy legacy) or to the ancient code back-end (us=
ing
--code-ancient). In the long run, we recommend abandoning t=
he use of
the error token. Support for the error token =
may be removed
entirely at some point in the future.

      • 

    


    
The original code back-end, which has been around since the early days of
Menhir (2005), temporarily remains available (using --code-ancient). It
will be removed at some point in the future.

    


    
The new code back-end offers several levels of optimization, which remain
undocumented and are subject to change in the future. At present, the main
levels are roughly as follows:

    


      

    • -O 0 --represent-everything uses a uniform representation =
of the stack
and produces straightforward code.
      • 

    • -O 0 uses a non-uniform representation of the stack; some =
stack cells
have fewer fields; some stack cells disappear altogether.
      • 

    • -O 1 reduces memory traffic by moving PUSH op=
erations so that they
meet POP operations and cancel out.
      • 

    • -O 2 optimizes the reduction of unit productions (that is,=
 productions
whose right-hand side has length 1) by performing a limited amount of
code specialization.
      • 

    


    
The default level of optimization is the maximum level, -O 2.

    • 


  • The new command line switch --exn-carries-state causes the=
 exception
Error to carry an integer parameter: exception Error of =
int. When the
parser detects a syntax error, the number of the current state is reported
in this way. This allows the caller to select a suitable syntax error
message, along the lines described in
Sect=
ion 11
of the manual. This command line switch is currently supported by the code
back-end only.
    • 


  • The $syntaxerror keyword is no longer supported.
    • 


  • Document the trick of wrapping module aliases in open struct ... =
end,
like this: %{ open struct module alias M =3D MyLongModuleName end %}<=
/code>.
This allows you to use the short name M in your grammar, but f=
orces
OCaml to infer types that refer to the long name MyLongModuleName.
(Suggested by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour.)
    • 

















Improved documentation for Fix





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-improved-documentation-for-=
fix/9079/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





My last contribution for 2021 is an improved documentation for Fix, a libra=
ry that helps with various algorithmic
constructions that involve memoization, recursion, and numbering.





The documentation can be viewed online.





It can also be viewed locally (on your own machine) as follows:






opam update
opam install fix.20211231
opam install odig
odig odoc                 # this may take some time
odig doc fix              # this opens the doc in your browser







Happy fix'in' in 2022!















pp-binary-ints 0.1.1





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-pp-binary-ints-0-1-1/9080/1








Ifaz Kabir announced





Tired of printing octals and hexadecimals and then mentally converting them=
 to bits. Ever wanted to just see the bits
in an int? Now you can!





Just run opam install pp-binary-ints and off you go:





# Pp_binary_in=
ts.Int.to_string 0b10101001;;
- : string =3D "10101001"







You can find the documentation for the project and more examples of how to =
use it
here.





The library is very customizable.




    

  • You can choose to print with 0b prefixes and _ separators.
    • 

  • You can choose to print zeros just like the non-zeros, with prefixes an=
d separators.
    • 

  • If you use zero padding, you can control how many leading zeros show up=
 with the ~min_width argument.
    • 

  • It correctly handles the edge cases when adding _ separato=
rs: you won=E2=80=99t get leading underscores.
    • 

  • It includes pretty printers that work with Format and Fmt , not just to_string functions.
    • 

  • Supports int, int32, int64, and =
nativeint.
    • 

  • Don't like the default prefixes and suffixes? Customize the prefixes an=
d suffixes with the provided functor.
    • 















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 09:20:43 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 04 to 11, 202=
2.









New release of PPrint (20220103)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-pprint-20220=
103/9097/1








Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced





I am pleased to announce a new release of PPrint, the pretty-printing libra=
ry, with i=
mproved
documentation.





The documentation can also be viewed offline:




opam update
opam install pprint.20220103
opam install odig
odig odoc                 # this may take some time
odig doc pprint           # this opens the doc in your browser





Happy pretty-printing!















Bogue, the OCaml GUI





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bogue-the-ocaml-gui/9099/1








sanette announced





I'm happy to announce a brand new version of Bogue, a GUI (Graphical User
Interface) library entirely written in ocaml, using SDL2 for h=
ardware accelerated graphics.





The doc can be found here, it will be enriched over time.





Install with opam install bogue





In addition to the library, this installs an executable boguex=
 to showcase about 50 useful constructions, see
boguex -h for the list.





Some screenshots of a demo compiled with the latest version:







3D"619a6b3c5d7a=









3D"3e5e04d1db00=







Note that many widgets are not shown in this demo: tables, menus, drop-down=
 select lists, knob buttons,… I will add
more images to the doc when I have some time!















Cohttp 5.0.0 and 2.5.6





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cohttp-5-0-0-and-2-5-6/9109/1








Marcello Seri announced





We are glad to announce the release of version
5.0.0 and
2.5.6 of cohttp and its dependent packages.





The latter is a bug fix release that in particular backports the compatibil=
ity with the upcoming release 0.15 of core
and async.





The first introduces the breaking changes announced in the previous
release. I append the changelog below, which explains
in details the changes and emphasizes the breaking changes:








Cohttp.Header: new implementation (lyrm #747)




    

  • New implementation of Header modules using an associative list instead =
of a map, with one major semantic change (function get, see be=
low), and some new functions (clean_dup, get_multi_conca=
t)
    • 

  • More Alcotest tests as well as fuzzing tests for this particular module=
.
    • 








Purpose





The new header implementation uses an associative list instead of a map to =
represent headers and is focused on predictability and intuitivity: except =
for some specific and documented functions, the headers are always kept in =
transmission order, which makes debugging easier and is also important for =
RFC7230=C2=A7=
3.2.2 that states that multiple values of a header must be kept in orde=
r.





Also, to get an intuitive function behaviour, no extra work to enforce RFCs=
 is done by the basic functions. For example, RFC7230=C2=A73.2.2 requires t=
hat a sender does not send multiple values for a non list-value header. Thi=
s particular rule could require the Header.add function to rem=
ove previous values of non-list-value headers, which means some changes of =
the headers would be out of control of the user. With the current implement=
ation, an user has to actively call dedicated functions to enforce such RFC=
s (here Header.clean_dup).










Semantic changes





Two functions have a semantic change : get and update.








get





  get was previously doing more than just returns the value as=
sociated to a key; it was also checking if the
searched header could have multiple values: if not, the last value associat=
ed to the header was returned; otherwise,
all the associated values were concatenated and returned. This semantics do=
es not match the global idea behind the
new header implementation, and would also be very inefficient.




    

  • The new get function only returns the last value associate=
d to the searched header.
    • 

  • get_multi_concat function has been added to get a result s=
imilar to the previous get function.
    • 










update





update is a pretty new function (#703) and changes are minor a=
nd related to get semantic changes.




    

  • update h k f is now modifying only the last occurrences of=
 the header k instead of all its occurrences.
    • 

  • a new function update_all function has been added and work=
 on all the occurrences of the updated header.
    • 












New functions :




    

  • clean_dup  enables the user to clean headers that follows =
the RFC7230=
=C2=A73.2.2 (no duplicate, except set-cookie)
    • 

  • get_multi_concat has been added to get a result similar to=
 the previous get function.
    • 












Cohttp.Header: performance improvement (mseri, anurag=
soni #778)





  Breaking the headers are no-longer lowercased when parsed, the hea=
ders key comparison is case insensitive
instead.










cohttp-lwt-unix: Adopt ocaml-conduit 5.0.0 (smorimoto=
 #787)





Breaking Conduit_lwt_unix.connect's ctx pa=
ram type chaged from ctx to  ctx Lazy.t










other changes




    

  • cohttp-mirage: fix deprecated fmt usage (tmcgilchrist #783)
    • 

  • lwt_jsoo: Use logs for the warnings and document it (mseri #776)
    • 

  • lwt: Use logs to warn users about leaked bodies and document it (mseri =
#771)
    • 

  • lwt, lwt_unix: Improve use of logs and the documentation, fix bug in th=
e Debug.enable_debug function (mseri #772)
    • 

  • lwt_jsoo: Fix exception on connection errors in chrome (mefyl #761)
    • 

  • lwt_jsoo: Fix Lwt.wakeup_exn Invalid_arg exce=
ption when a js
stack overflow happens in the XHR completion handler (mefyl #762).
    • 

  • lwt_jsoo: Add test suite (mefyl #764).
    • 





We wish to thank to all the users and the contributors for their help leadi=
ng to this release.

















Multicore OCaml: December 2021 and the Big PR





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-decem=
ber-2021-and-the-big-pr/9115/1








Anil Madhavapeddy announced





Welcome to the December 2021 Multicore OCaml monthly report!
The previous up=
dates along with this update have been compiled by
myself, @ctk21, @kayceesrk and @shakthimaan.





Well, it's finally here! @kayceesrk opened the Multicore OCaml PR#10831
to the main OCaml development repository that represents the "minimum viabl=
e" implementation of multicore OCaml that
we decided on in Novemb=
er's core team review.
The branch pushes the limits of GitHub's rendering capability, with around =
4000 commits.





Once the PR was opened just before Christmas, the remaining effort has been=
 for a number of developers to pore over
the diff and =
look for any unexpected changes that crept in during
multicore development. A large number of code changes, improvements and fix=
es have been merged into the
ocaml-multicore trees since the PR was opened to facilitate this upstreamin=
g process. We're expecting to have the PR
merged during January, and then will continue onto the "post-MVP" tasks des=
cribed last month, but working directly
from ocaml/ocaml from now on.  We therefore remain on track to release OCam=
l 5.00 in 2022.





In the multicore ecosystem, progress also continued:



    

  • Eio continues to improve as the recommended effects-based =
direct-style IO library to use with Multicore OCaml.
    • 

  • A newer domainslib.0.4.0 has been released that includes b=
ug fixes and API changes.
    • 

  • The continuous benchmarking pipeline with further integration enhanceme=
nts between Sandmark and current-bench is making progress.
    • 





We would like to acknowledge the following external contributors as well::




    

  • Danny Willems (@dannywillems) for an OCaml implementation of the Pippen=
ger benchmark and reporting an undefined behaviour.
    • 

  • Matt Pallissard (@mattpallissard) reported an installation issue with <=
code>Eio with vendored uring.
    • 

  • Edwin Torok (@edwintorok) for contributing a PR to domainslib to allow use of a per-channel key.
    • 





As always, the Multicore OCaml updates are listed first, which contain the =
upstream efforts, improvements, fixes,
test suite, and documentation changes. This is followed by the ecosystem up=
dates to Eio, Tezos, and Domainslib.
The Sandmark, sandmark-nightly and current-bench tasks are finally listed f=
or your reference.





editor=E2=80=99s note: please follow the archive link above for the full=
 changelog.











St=C3=A9phane Lavergne asked and Robin Bj=C3=B6rklin =
replied







To clarify for relative newbies like myself: this would be a new way to do =
concurrent I/O, like Async and Lwt, but
unlike those, it wouldn't require the use of a promise monad? In other word=
s, does this mean that we'll have the
choice between Async, Lwt and Eio in the near future for our concurrent I/O=
 needs?







That's correct as far as I can tell. This presentation provides an introduc=
tion to the current state of eio:
https://watch.ocaml.org/videos/watch/74ece0a8-380f-4e2a-bef5-c6b=
b9092be89















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta12





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta12/9123/1=









Sora Morimoto announced








Fixed




    

  • Fallback to the version in which the assets exist if no assets exist in=
 the latest opam release.
    • 

  • Instruct Cygwin setup to use "sys" symlinks during setup (partial worka=
round for bug with native symlinks in Cygwin setup - some depexts may still=
 be affected)
    • 





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta12

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 25 Jan 2022 13:44:52 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 18 to 25,
2022.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

wu-manber-fuzzy-search 0.1.0 (new library)
findlib-1.9.2
Signals and Threads on Memory Management
OCaml 4.14.0, first alpha release
A brief survey for Learn-OCaml Community
Blog post: Js_of_ocaml, a bundle size study
Interesting OCaml Articles
Old CWN


wu-manber-fuzzy-search 0.1.0 (new library)
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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=90

  Archive:
  


Ifaz Kabir announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to introduce wu-manber-fuzzy-seach, my library for doing
  fuzzy searches using the Wu and Manber fuzzy search algorithm.

  The novel part of this library particularly, when compared to
  `agrep/ocamlagrep', is that I additionally provide a right-leaning
  variant of the algorithm. The variant reports better matches and error
  counts when looking at the first match. Here's an example of the
  differences.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # open Wu_Manber;;
  =E2=94=82 # StringSearch.(search ~k:2 ~pattern:"brown" ~text:"quick brown=
 fox" |> report);;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "Pattern matched with 2 errors at character 9 of=
 text"
  =E2=94=82 # StringSearch.(search_right_leaning ~k:2 ~pattern:"brown" ~tex=
t:"quick brown fox" |> report);;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "Pattern matched with 0 errors at character 11 o=
f text"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's a pure OCaml implementation, using `Optint.Int63.t' as
  bit-vectors. I don't current support all the extensions that
  `agrep/ocamlagrep' supports, and will definitely not match the
  performance: OCaml+C vs pure OCaml.

  The documentation for the library can be found [here].

  It's not on `opam' yet, but there is a [PR].

  Expect more bitvector, Levenshtein distance, and fuzzy search
  shenanigans in the near future!


[here] 

[PR] 


findlib-1.9.2
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  findlib-1.9.2 is out. The only change is a fix for a build problem
  regarding the OCaml-5 trunk.

  For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

  

  An updated OPAM package will follow soon.


Signals and Threads on Memory Management
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I just had an excellent time listening to the last Signals and Threads
  podcast episode on [Memory Management], with Stephen Dolan (@stedolan)
  as the guest and Yaron Minsky (@Yaron_Minsky) as the host discussing:
  =E2=80=A2 memory management in programming languages in general
  =E2=80=A2 memory management in OCaml
  =E2=80=A2 ongoing research by Stephen and Leo White (@lpw25) on
    memory-management and data-representation features for OCaml
    (unboxed types, local values on the stack).

  The link  contains
  both the audio and a full text transcript.

  I would warmly recommend giving it a try if you are interested in
  programming language implementation. There is new stuff to learn for
  everyone, and I also liked the presentation of the parts I was already
  familiar with.


[Memory Management] 


Yaron Minsky replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks for the nice words. Interviewing Dolan was fun and I learned a
  lot.

  Local types are still very new: we're hoping to start rolling it out
  in a limited way internally in the next few weeks, and I expect we'll
  learn a lot from that. We plan on discussing it more publicly as well,
  but that's a bit farther out. In the meantime, the source is all
  available [on Github] if anyone wants to poke around.

  The approach to stack allocation is different and simpler than the one
  in Rust, as Dolan explained in the episode.  Instead of having
  implicit, polymorphic lifetime variables, function arguments can be
  marked as local, which prevents the function in question from stashing
  a reference to those types. This avoids the need to deal with
  higher-rank polymorphism, which Rust's lifetime approach requires, and
  as a result makes inference work nicely.

  Another neat trick is that you can create functions that can allocate
  on the parent stack frame (by dint of not having their own stack
  frame). This lets you build smart constructors for stack-allocated
  values.

  Local types are apparently an example of modal types, though I don't
  really know enough type theory to have a deep sense of what that
  means. But it's a powerful thing, and local types appear to be useful
  for more than just stack allocation, as we're just starting to
  discover.


[on Github] 


Yaron Minsky then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  And, I suppose as I should always mention: we're looking for people to
  come and work with Dolan and Leo and the rest of the team on this kind
  of stuff.

  More here:

  


OCaml 4.14.0, first alpha release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The set of new features for the future version 4.14.0 of OCaml has
  been (finally) stabilized, three months after the release of OCaml
  4.13.1. I am thus happy to announce the first alpha release for OCaml
  4.14.0 .

  This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our
  bug hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the
  installation instructions). You can see the progress on this front at
   .

  If you find any bugs, please report them here:

  

  Most major OCaml developer tools are already supported with this alpha
  (from odoc to merlin), thus I expect us to switch to beta releases in
  the beginning of February. The full release is expected to happen in
  late February.

  This early release will give us time to focus on the release of OCaml
  5.0.

  If you are interested by the list of new features and the ongoing list
  of bug fixes, the updated change log for OCaml 4.14.0 is available at:

  

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.


Installation instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.14.0~alpha1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=
=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  With opam 2.1, the previous command line can be simplified to
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.14.0~alpha1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.=
14.0~alpha1+options,
  =E2=94=82 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/oc=
aml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or with opam 2.1:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.4.14.0~alpha1+o=
ptions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `' is a comma separated list of ocaml-option-*
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.14.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.4.=
14.0~alpha1+options ocaml-option-flambda
  =E2=94=82 ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.

  If you want to test this version, it is advised to install the alpha
  opam repository

  

  with
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-rep=
ository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  This alpha repository contains various fixes in the process of being
  upstreamed.

  The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


A brief survey for Learn-OCaml Community
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Erik Martin-Dorel announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [This post is just a follow-up of an earlier message on [caml-list],
  intended to reach more learn-ocaml instructors, so you can ignore this
  one if you already replied!]

  The OCaml Software Foundation is developing the teaching platform
  Learn-OCaml that provides auto-graded exercises for OCaml, and was
  initially authored by OCamlPro for the OCaml MOOC:
  .

  The platform is free software and easy to deploy; this is great, but
  as a result we keep learning of users/deployments that we had no idea
  of. We would be interested in having a better view of our user-base.

  If you use Learn-OCaml as a teacher, could you fill *[this Evento
  survey]* to let us know?  (the survey will be closed on 2022-02-07)

  =E2=86=92 It contains these questions:
  =E2=80=A2 Where are you using Learn-OCaml? (in which university (a specif=
ic
    course?), which company, online community or=E2=80=A6?)
  =E2=80=A2 Would you like to see your university/company added in
    [github.com/ocaml-sf/learn-ocaml-places]?
  =E2=80=A2 How many students/learners use your deployment in a year?

  And just to recall, a few links:

  =E2=80=A2 For an example of Learn-OCaml instance, see
    
  =E2=80=A2 Last October we had a 0.13.0 release with several new features:
    
  =E2=80=A2 For any question related to Learn-OCaml, feel free to create a
    discussion topic on , category
    *`Community'*, tag *`learn-ocaml'* (/similarly to this discussion
    topic!/ :slight_smile:)
  =E2=80=A2 And if need be, opening an issue in
     if of course warmly
    welcome as well.


[caml-list]


[this Evento survey]


[github.com/ocaml-sf/learn-ocaml-places]



Blog post: Js_of_ocaml, a bundle size study
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi all, I hope your Monday is going great. :slight_smile:

  I wanted to analyze bundle size performance in Js_of_ocaml, so I
  rewrote an existing ReScript web app to compare both outputs.

  Here is the blog post with all the data, conclusions, and takeaways:

  

  It has been a very interesting experiment, that helped me learn more
  about Js_of_ocaml and the way it generates JavaScript code, and also
  improve some small things along the way in the libraries I was using
  for the project.

  The conclusions, while maybe already known by others, are also quite
  exciting to me, as the experiment confirms my suspicion that
  Js_of_ocaml bundle size scales just fine as applications get more
  complex, so it is suitable for a quite significant number of real
  world scenarios.

  I hope you find it interesting and exciting as well. Please share any
  feedback you might have! Or any questions if anything is unclear.


Interesting OCaml Articles
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yotam Barnoy said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 18 to 25, 202=
2.









wu-manber-fuzzy-search 0.1.0 (new library)





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-wu-manber-fuzzy-s=
earch-0-1-0-new-library/9173/1








Ifaz Kabir announced





I'm happy to introduce wu-manber-fuzzy-seach, my library for doing fuzzy se=
arches using the Wu and Manber fuzzy
search algorithm.





The novel part of this library particularly, when compared to agrep/o=
camlagrep, is that I additionally provide a
right-leaning variant of the algorithm. The variant reports better matches =
and error counts when looking at the first
match. Here's an example of the differences.






# open Wu_Manber;;
# StringSearch.(search ~k:2 ~pattern:"brown" ~text:"quick brown fox" |> report);;
- : string =3D "Pattern matched with 2 erro=
rs at character 9 of text"
# StringSearch.(search_right_leaning=
 ~k:2 "brown" ~text:"quick b=
rown fox" |> report);;
- : string =3D "Pattern matched with 0 erro=
rs at character 11 of text"







It's a pure OCaml implementation, using Optint.Int63.t as bit-=
vectors. I don't current support all the extensions
that agrep/ocamlagrep supports, and will definitely not match =
the performance: OCaml+C vs pure OCaml.





The documentation for the library can be found here.





It's not on opam yet, but there is a PR.





Expect more bitvector, Levenshtein distance, and fuzzy search shenanigans i=
n the near future!















findlib-1.9.2





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-01/msg00040.html=









Gerd Stolpmann announced





findlib-1.9.2 is out. The only change is a fix for a build problem
regarding the OCaml-5 trunk.





For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:





http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html





An updated OPAM package will follow soon.















Signals and Threads on Memory Management





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/signals-and-threads-on-me=
mory-management/9190/1








gasche said





I just had an excellent time listening to the last Signals and Threads podc=
ast episode on Memory
Management, with Stephen Dolan (@stedolan) as the guest and Yaron
Minsky (@Yaron_Minsky) as the host discussing:



    

  • memory management in programming languages in general
    • 

  • memory management in OCaml
    • 

  • ongoing research by Stephen and Leo White (@lpw25) on memory-management=
 and data-representation features for OCaml (unboxed types, local values on=
 the stack).
    • 





The link https=
://signalsandthreads.com/memory-management/ contains both the audio and=
 a full text transcript.





I would warmly recommend giving it a try if you are interested in programmi=
ng language implementation. There is new
stuff to learn for everyone, and I also liked the presentation of the parts=
 I was already familiar with.











Yaron Minsky replied





Thanks for the nice words. Interviewing Dolan was fun and I learned a lot.





Local types are still very new: we're hoping to start rolling it out in a l=
imited way internally in the next few
weeks, and I expect we'll learn a lot from that. We plan on discussing it m=
ore publicly as well, but that's a bit
farther out. In the meantime, the source is all available on Github if
anyone wants to poke around.





The approach to stack allocation is different and simpler than the one in R=
ust, as Dolan explained in the episode.
Instead of having implicit, polymorphic lifetime variables, function argume=
nts can be marked as local, which prevents
the function in question from stashing a reference to those types. This avo=
ids the need to deal with higher-rank
polymorphism, which Rust's lifetime approach requires, and as a result make=
s inference work nicely.





Another neat trick is that you can create functions that can allocate on th=
e parent stack frame (by dint of not
having their own stack frame). This lets you build smart constructors for s=
tack-allocated values.





Local types are apparently an example of modal types, though I don't really=
 know enough type theory to have a deep
sense of what that means. But it's a powerful thing, and local types appear=
 to be useful for more than just stack
allocation, as we're just starting to discover.











Yaron Minsky then added





And, I suppose as I should always mention: we're looking for people to come=
 and work with Dolan and Leo and the rest
of the team on this kind of stuff.





More here:





https://blog.j=
anestreet.com/applied-PL-research/















OCaml 4.14.0, first alpha release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-14-0-first-alpha-release/=
9191/1








octachron announced





The set of new features for the future version 4.14.0 of OCaml has been (fi=
nally) stabilized, three months after the
release of OCaml 4.13.1. I am thus happy to announce the first alpha releas=
e for OCaml 4.14.0 .





This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our bug =
hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see
below for the installation instructions). You can see the progress on this =
front at
https://g=
ithub.com/ocaml/opam-repository/issues/20501 .





If you find any bugs, please report them here:





https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues





Most major OCaml developer tools are already supported with this alpha (fro=
m odoc to merlin), thus I expect us to
switch to beta releases in the beginning of February. The full release is e=
xpected to happen in late February.





This early release will give us time to focus on the release of OCaml 5.0.





If you are interested by the list of new features and the ongoing list of b=
ug fixes, the updated change log for OCaml
4.14.0 is available at:





https://github=
.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/4.14/Changes





Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.








Installation instructions





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands



opam update
opam switch create 4.14.0~alpha1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https:=
//github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git




With opam 2.1, the previous command line can be simplified to



opam update
opam switch create 4.14.0~alpha1




If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:



opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.14.0~a=
lpha1+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git




or with opam 2.1:



opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.4.14.0~alpha1+options=
 <option_list>





where <option_list> is a comma separated list of ocaml-o=
ption-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and
no-flat-float-array switch:



opam switch create 4.14.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.4.14.0~alpha1+=
options ocaml-option-flambda
ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array




All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.





If you want to test this version, it is advised to install the alpha opam r=
epository





https://gi=
thub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository





with



opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository.git




This alpha repository contains various fixes in the process of being upstre=
amed.





The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:



















A brief survey for Learn-OCaml Community





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-brief-survey-for-learn-=
ocaml-community/9193/1








Erik Martin-Dorel announced





[This post is just a follow-up of an earlier message on
caml-list, intended to reach more learn-ocaml
instructors, so you can ignore this one if you already replied!]





The OCaml Software Foundation is developing the teaching platform Learn-OCa=
ml that provides auto-graded exercises for
OCaml, and was initially authored by OCamlPro for the OCaml MOOC: https://ocaml-sf.org/learn-ocaml.





The platform is free software and easy to deploy; this is great, but as a r=
esult we keep learning of
users/deployments that we had no idea of. We would be interested in having =
a better view of our user-base.





If you use Learn-OCaml as a teacher, could you fill this Evento
survey to let us know?
(the survey will be closed on 2022-02-07)





=E2=86=92 It contains these questions:



    

  • Where are you using Learn-OCaml? (in which university (a specific cours=
e?), which company, online community or=E2=80=A6?)
    • 

  • Would you like to see your university/company added in github.com/ocaml-sf/learn=
-ocaml-places?
    • 

  • How many students/learners use your deployment in a year?
    • 





And just to recall, a few links:

















Blog post: Js_of_ocaml, a bundle size study





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-post-js-of-ocaml-a-=
bundle-size-study/9211/1








Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced





Hi all, I hope your Monday is going great. :slight_smile:





I wanted to analyze bundle size performance in Js_of_ocaml, so I rewrote an=
 existing ReScript web app to compare both
outputs.





Here is the blog post with all the data, conclusions, and takeaways:





h=
ttps://www.javierchavarri.com/js_of_ocaml-bundle-size-study/





It has been a very interesting experiment, that helped me learn more about =
Js_of_ocaml and the way it generates
JavaScript code, and also improve some small things along the way in the li=
braries I was using for the project.





The conclusions, while maybe already known by others, are also quite exciti=
ng to me, as the experiment confirms my
suspicion that Js_of_ocaml bundle size scales just fine as applications get=
 more complex, so it is suitable for a
quite significant number of real world scenarios.





I hope you find it interesting and exciting as well. Please share any feedb=
ack you might have! Or any questions if
anything is unclear.




















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 01 Feb 2022 14:00:57 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 25 to
February 01, 2022.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

ppx_seq v0.1.1
OCaml Labs Joins Tarides
For Diversity and the OCaml Community: Get Involved in Outreachy Summer 2022
Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta13
First release of scfg
Brr 0.0.3, a toolkit for programming browsers
(anonymous?) polymorphic records
2 postdoc positions on Runtime Verification at CEA LIST, Universit=C3=A9 Pa=
ris-Saclay, France
Old CWN


ppx_seq v0.1.1
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


hyphenrf announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Hello everyone, my first contribution to opam-repository has just been
  merged and is waiting to hit the caches of [opam.ocaml.org].

  [ppx_seq] is a cute un-intrusive literal syntax for `Seq'. The
  rewriter is simple and has very small surface area: just `[%seq x; y;
  z; ...]' and `[%seq.empty]'.  It tries to be maximally compatible with
  all OCaml releases from 4.07 (when `Seq' was introduced) to 4.14 and
  beyond

  The reason I created this rewriter is to make it an easier choice to
  reach first for `Seq' as a general data structure (instead of
  e.g. list). That wasn't quite attractive before because of how minimal
  the `Seq' module was, it was mostly used as an intermediate step
  between two types of collections, but now with 4.14 about to be
  released, `Seq' is becoming a first-class data structure with a very
  versatile API.

  I hope my little rewriter helps make it even more attractive to
  use. Check it out and maybe leave me some feedback.  Thanks <3


[opam.ocaml.org] 

[ppx_seq] 


OCaml Labs Joins Tarides
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Thomas Gazagnaire announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Gemma Gordon (@gemmag) and I are delighted to announce that OCaml
  Labs, a spinout from the University of Cambridge, is joining
  Tarides. After successfully collaborating on many OCaml projects over
  the last four years, this alliance will formally combine the expertise
  of both groups. Joining forces will accelerate OCaml development and
  its broader adoption, and enable us to continue with our shared goal
  of bringing OCaml into mainstream use. Furthermore, it will bring the
  security, portability and performance of OCaml to a large spectrum of
  use-cases: from academic endeavours such as formal methods and
  existing threats within cyber security, to real-world applications for
  climate change, sustainable agriculture, and even space exploration!

  All of OCaml Labs=E2=80=99 existing responsibilities and open source
  commitments will migrate over to Tarides, and thanks to how closely
  the teams already work, business will continue without interruption to
  continuity or delivery. Gemma Gordon will step up as CEO of Tarides,
  and I will lead the technological vision and strategy as CTO.

  The OCaml 5.0 release will support multicore and effects handlers,
  influencing every aspect of the language and its ecosystem. The update
  will significantly improve both performance and user experience,
  whilst maintaining existing features that the community loves. Using
  the teams=E2=80=99 combined experience and zest for innovation, Tarides is
  looking to the future of the OCaml language and community with
  excitement. Since Tarides=E2=80=99 inception we have envisioned a future =
where
  all OCaml applications are easily deployable as specialised, secure
  and energy-efficient MirageOS unikernels. We believe that this
  alliance is a step further in that direction.

  _This alliance will complement the commercial offerings of Tarides and
  contribute to Tarides' mission: empowering developers, communities and
  organisations to adopt OCaml as their primary programming experience
  by providing training, expertise and development services around the
  OCaml language._

  Read the full announcement [here], including details of our goals and
  the focus for 2022.  This alliance brings the headcount of Tarides up
  to 60+ people, all working towards making OCaml the best language for
  any, and every project. Join our team and reach out for commercial
  services at: [https://tarides.com/]


[here] 

[https://tarides.com/] 


For Diversity and the OCaml Community: Get Involved in Outreachy Summer 2022
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sonja Heinze announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  As @patricoferris [has mentioned] previously, the Outreachy call for
  open-source communities and project submissions has started. As a
  reminder, [Outreachy] is an initiative that provides a framework
  through which open-source communities can offer three month
  internships directed at people from any kind of under-represented
  background in open source. With that, Outreachy helps open-source
  communities grow on several levels: diversity, experience, size, and
  popularity.

  The OCaml community participated in Outreachy in summer 2019, summer
  2020, [summer 2021], and currently in [winter 2021/22]. All our
  interns have done and are doing really amazing jobs, and summer 2022
  is just around the corner! The following timeline illustrates the
  process:

  

  So let's start getting involved!


[has mentioned]


[Outreachy] 

[summer 2021] 

[winter 2021/22]


Ways to Get Involved
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Community members can take on different roles in the Outreachy effort,
  and all of them are very important! Maybe the most important (and most
  involved) role is being a mentor.


Mentoring
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84

  Mentors have two responsibilities: leading the project and guiding the
  interns/applicants.


Leading the Project
=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=
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=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88

  One responsability is leading the project. Concretely, that means
  outlining an internship project, submitting a project description to
  Outreachy, making sure that the context repo for that project gets
  ready for the application/"contribution" phase, and guiding the
  project throughout the internship, including reacting to changes.  All
  of that must match the Outreachy framework, which we [explained in
  detail] last round, based on the timeline structure shown above.


[explained in detail]



Guiding the Intern and the Applicants
=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=
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=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=
=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=
=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88=E2=94=88

  Their other responsibility is personal guidance. During the
  application/"contribution" period, mentors answer questions and review
  code for multiple applicants. During the internship, they also offer
  pair-programming sessions and facilitate more specific guidance, and
  general support for their interns.

  All of that is usually quite time-intensive, so it's important to have
  some support from other community members and strong support from a
  concrete co-mentor.


Co-mentoring
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  A co-mentor does the same job as described in the "Guiding the Intern
  and the Applicants" tasks above, so having a co-mentor is very
  important! Of course, if a co-mentor also wants to take part in the
  project's direction, that's great as well! This means that the line
  between co-mentoring and mentoring isn't always clear.


Volunteering (aka "Acting as a Joker :bat:")
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=
=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  Mentors and co-mentors receive a lot of general questions related to
  OCaml and programming in addition to specific questions about the
  project. That's where Outreachy volunteers can be very helpful! They
  help all applicants and interns across projects with (usually)
  project-unspecific questions and give a very important technical base
  support.


Point Out Potential Project Ideas
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
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=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  Apart from not having enough time, the main reason that stops folks
  from becoming a mentor is the lack of project ideas. So if you have
  potential project ideas, please point them out, even if you don't have
  time to mentor!  Generally, a self-contained, uncontroversial, and
  incremental project makes the most suitable project for Outreachy.
  It's also important for a project to be associated with a repo that
  can serve as a basis for easy contributions during the application
  phase. When in doubt, don't keep your ideas to yourself. Any idea can
  be helpful!


Prepare Your Repos
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
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=84=E2=94=84

  In general, if you maintain a repo, it's really nice to be welcoming
  to new contributors. Concretely, that means having clear contributing
  guidelines, good newcomer issues, and well-labeled issues. As a nice
  side-effect, this also makes your project a better target for future
  Outreachy projects.


Ready to Get Involved?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you've gotten interested in any of those roles or have any other
  comments, please just answer here in the thread.  It would be super
  nice to get a discussion going and start our Outreachy efforts early!


Sudha Parimala then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I along with @shakthimaan @gs0510 are submitting a project:

  =E2=80=A2 Extend OCaml 5's parallel benchmark suite.

  The idea is to gather parallel benchmarks available elsewhere and make
  them available in our benchmark suite, to aid the development of the
  OCaml compiler and parallel programming libraries. Relevant repos:
  [sandmark] and [current-bench].


[sandmark] 

[current-bench] 


Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta13
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sora Morimoto announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Changed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Do not install opam-depext if it's not enabled.


Fixed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Print a proper error if the version not found in the `.ocamlfor=
mat'
    file.

  


First release of scfg
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


zapashcanon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the first release of [scfg] on opam.

  It provides a library and an executable to work with the [scfg
  configuration file format]. (disclaimer: scfg has been created by my
  good friend @emersion)

  Here's an example of an scfg file taken from the specification:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 train "Shinkansen" {
  =E2=94=82 	model "E5" {
  =E2=94=82 		max-speed 320km/h
  =E2=94=82 		weight 453.5t
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 		lines-served "T=C5=8Dhoku" "Hokkaido"
  =E2=94=82 	}
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 	model "E7" {
  =E2=94=82 		max-speed 275km/h
  =E2=94=82 		weight 540t
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 		lines-served "Hokuriku" "J=C5=8Detsu"
  =E2=94=82 	}
  =E2=94=82 }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Scfg is a file format designed to be simple and indeed the
  implementation was really straightforward. I'm planning to use it in
  small tools I wrote (mostly [sway] tools written in OCaml) but never
  released because I couldn't stand having to use TOML, YAML or JSON for
  them=E2=80=A6

  The library provides an executable to validate and pretty-print an
  scfg file. It'll indent it properly, remove useless quoting and
  whitespaces:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ scfg spec.scfg
  =E2=94=82 train Shinkansen {
  =E2=94=82   model E5 {
  =E2=94=82     max-speed 320km/h
  =E2=94=82     weight 453.5t
  =E2=94=82     lines-served T=C5=8Dhoku Hokkaido
  =E2=94=82   }
  =E2=94=82   model E7 {
  =E2=94=82     max-speed 275km/h
  =E2=94=82     weight 540t
  =E2=94=82     lines-served Hokuriku J=C5=8Detsu
  =E2=94=82   }
  =E2=94=82 }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The library is made of four modules : `Types', `Parse', `Pp' and
  `Query'.

  The `Types' module simply defines the following types, which are all
  you need to deal with scfg:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (** A directive has a name, a list of parameters and children (=
a list of directive). *)
  =E2=94=82 type directive =3D
  =E2=94=82   { name : string
  =E2=94=82   ; params : string list
  =E2=94=82   ; children : directive list
  =E2=94=82   }
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (** A config is a list of directives. *)
  =E2=94=82 type config =3D directive list
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The others modules can be used as follow:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let file =3D {|
  =E2=94=82   train A-Train {
  =E2=94=82     bla bla bla
  =E2=94=82   }
  =E2=94=82   train "John Col Train" {
  =E2=94=82     tut tut tut
  =E2=94=82   }
  =E2=94=82 |}
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (* parsing the file *)
  =E2=94=82 let config =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* there's also a `Parse.from_file` function that should be m=
ore useful *)
  =E2=94=82   match Scfg.Parse.from_string file with
  =E2=94=82   | Error e ->
  =E2=94=82     Format.eprintf "error: %s@." e;
  =E2=94=82     exit 1
  =E2=94=82   | Ok config -> config
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (* printing the file *)
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   Format.printf "```scfg@.%a@.```@." Scfg.Pp.config config
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (* querying the file *)
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* gets the first directive with the name `train` *)
  =E2=94=82   match Scfg.Query.get_dir "train" config with
  =E2=94=82   | None -> Format.printf "No train found.@."
  =E2=94=82   | Some train -> (
  =E2=94=82     (* get the parameter at index 0 in the `train` directive *)
  =E2=94=82     match Scfg.Query.get_param 0 train with
  =E2=94=82     | Error _e -> Format.printf "Train has no name.@."
  =E2=94=82     | Ok name -> Format.printf "The first train is `%s`.@." nam=
e )
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For more have a look at the [project's README], the [documentation] or
  feel free to ask here ! :partying_face:


[scfg] 

[scfg configuration file format] 

[sway] 

[project's README]


[documentation] 


Brr 0.0.3, a toolkit for programming browsers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's my pleasure to announce the release `0.0.3' of [`Brr'], a toolkit
  for programming browsers in OCaml with the [`js_of_ocaml'] compiler.

  Once it has made it to the repo, install with `opam install brr' and
  consult the [API docs and manuals] (or via `odig doc brr').

  Among small additions and fixes, this release brings support for
  `js_of_ocaml' 4.0.0. Thanks to Hugo Heuzard (@hhugo) who has made the
  ground work in `js_of_ocaml' this means that:

  1. `Brr', `js_of_ocaml' and ([soon]) `gen_js_api' JavaScript bindings
     can now all be used in the same program without problems (issue
     [#2]).
  2. You no longer need to specify the `-no-check-prim' flag at
     bytecode link time. Linking against the `brr' library is
     sufficient, see the [build instructions].

  The [release notes] have all the details.


[`Brr'] 

[`js_of_ocaml'] 

[API docs and manuals] 

[soon] 

[#2] 

[build instructions]


[release notes]



(anonymous?) polymorphic records
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


nrolland asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Is there a way to avoid to create records only to preserve
  polymorphism ?

  Say, for this, in haskell style
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 h :: (forall r. (r -> a) -> (f r -> f b)) -> f a -> f b
  =E2=94=82 h malg =3D malg id
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


octachron replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  You can use objects, they can have polymorphic methods:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let f (id: 'a>) =3D id#f 0, id#f "zero"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Ma=C3=ABlan also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The following doesn=E2=80=99t help reducing the syntactic noise, but note=
 that
  when using a record for non-prenex polymorphism like this, your record
  has only one field and is immutable, so (with a recent enough OCaml)
  you can unbox it and get rid of the runtime overhead:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type ('a, 'b) fwrap =3D { f : 'r. ('r -> 'a) -> 'r list -> 'b l=
ist } [@@unboxed]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let apply_id : type a b. (a, b) fwrap -> a list -> b list =3D
  =E2=94=82   fun w xs -> w.f Fun.id xs
  =E2=94=82 (* is compiled the same as just: *)
  =E2=94=82 let apply_id_magic : type a b. (a, b) fwrap -> a list -> b list=
 =3D
  =E2=94=82   fun w xs -> (Obj.magic w) Fun.id xs
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let mwrap : type a. (a, a) fwrap =3D { f =3D List.map }
  =E2=94=82 (* is compiled to nothing at all (alias of List.map). *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


2 postdoc positions on Runtime Verification at CEA LIST, Universit=C3=A9 Pa=
ris-Saclay, France
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Julien Signoles announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Software Safety and Security Lab at CEA LIST, Universit=C3=A9
  Paris-Saclay, France has 2 open postdoc positions in the area of
  runtime verification for code safety and security:

  =E2=80=A2 Designing Compilation Techniques for Improving Efficiency of E-=
ACSL,
    a Runtime Assertion Checker for C Programs

    

  =E2=80=A2 Control Flow Integrity for Remote Attestation

    

  The candidates will:
  =E2=80=A2 solve challenging research problems;
  =E2=80=A2 implement their results in Frama-C, an industrial-strength
    open-source framework for analyses of C code;
  =E2=80=A2 evaluate their solutions on concrete benchmarks or/and use case=
s;
  =E2=80=A2 publish their results in international conferences and journals.

  Strong knowledge in at least one of the following areas is welcome:
  =E2=80=A2 programming
    =E2=80=A2 OCaml and C
    =E2=80=A2 formal semantics
  =E2=80=A2 formal verification
    =E2=80=A2 runtime verification, static analysis, formal specification
      languages, =E2=80=A6
  =E2=80=A2 compilation
    =E2=80=A2 code generation, program transformation, type system, =E2=80=
=A6

  Interested applicants should send a CV and a motivation letter to
  Julien Signoles (julien dot signoles at cea dot fr).


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 25 to Februar=
y 01, 2022.









ppx_seq v0.1.1





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-seq-v0-1-1/9227/1








hyphenrf announced





Hello everyone, my first contribution to opam-repository has just been merg=
ed and is waiting to hit the caches of
opam.ocaml.org.





ppx_seq is a cute un-in=
trusive literal syntax for Seq. The rewriter is
simple and has very small surface area: just [%seq x; y; z; ...] and [%seq.empty].
It tries to be maximally compatible with all OCaml releases from 4.07 (when=
 Seq was introduced) to 4.14 and beyond





The reason I created this rewriter is to make it an easier choice to reach =
first for Seq as a general data
structure (instead of e.g. list). That wasn't quite attractive before becau=
se of how minimal the Seq module was, it
was mostly used as an intermediate step between two types of collections, b=
ut now with 4.14 about to be released,
Seq is becoming a first-class data structure with a very versa=
tile API.





I hope my little rewriter helps make it even more attractive to use. Check =
it out and maybe leave me some feedback.
Thanks <3















OCaml Labs Joins Tarides





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-labs-joins-tarides/9229/1








Thomas Gazagnaire announced





Gemma Gordon (@gemmag) and I are delighted to announce that OCaml Labs, a s=
pinout from the University of Cambridge,
is joining Tarides. After successfully collaborating on many OCaml projects=
 over the last four years, this alliance
will formally combine the expertise of both groups. Joining forces will acc=
elerate OCaml development and its broader
adoption, and enable us to continue with our shared goal of bringing OCaml =
into mainstream use. Furthermore, it will
bring the security, portability and performance of OCaml to a large spectru=
m of use-cases: from academic endeavours
such as formal methods and existing threats within cyber security, to real-=
world applications for climate change,
sustainable agriculture, and even space exploration!





All of OCaml Labs=E2=80=99 existing responsibilities and open source commit=
ments will migrate over to Tarides, and thanks to
how closely the teams already work, business will continue without interrup=
tion to continuity or delivery. Gemma
Gordon will step up as CEO of Tarides, and I will lead the technological vi=
sion and strategy as CTO.





The OCaml 5.0 release will support multicore and effects handlers, influenc=
ing every aspect of the language and its
ecosystem. The update will significantly improve both performance and user =
experience, whilst maintaining existing
features that the community loves. Using the teams=E2=80=99 combined experi=
ence and zest for innovation, Tarides is looking
to the future of the OCaml language and community with excitement. Since Ta=
rides=E2=80=99 inception we have envisioned a
future where all OCaml applications are easily deployable as specialised, s=
ecure and energy-efficient MirageOS
unikernels. We believe that this alliance is a step further in that directi=
on.





_This alliance will complement the commercial offerings of Tarides and cont=
ribute to Tarides' mission: empowering
developers, communities and organisations to adopt OCaml as their primary p=
rogramming experience by providing
training, expertise and development services around the OCaml language._





Read the full announcement here, i=
ncluding details of our goals and the focus for 2022.
This alliance brings the headcount of Tarides up to 60+ people, all working=
 towards making OCaml the best language
for any, and every project. Join our team and reach out for commercial serv=
ices at:
https://tarides.com/















For Diversity and the OCaml Community: Get Involved in Outreac=
hy Summer 2022





Archive: https://discuss.oc=
aml.org/t/for-diversity-and-the-ocaml-community-get-involved-in-outreachy-s=
ummer-2022/9234/1








Sonja Heinze announced





As @patricoferris has
mentioned
previously, the Outreachy call for open-source communities and project subm=
issions has started. As a reminder,
Outreachy is an initiative that p=
rovides a framework through which open-source
communities can offer three month internships directed at people from any k=
ind of under-represented background in
open source. With that, Outreachy helps open-source communities grow on sev=
eral levels: diversity, experience, size,
and popularity.





The OCaml community participated in Outreachy in summer 2019, summer 2020, =
summer
2021, and currently in winter
2021/22. All our interns have done and are
doing really amazing jobs, and summer 2022 is just around the corner! The f=
ollowing timeline illustrates the process:







3D"DbzeiMO.png"







So let's start getting involved!








Ways to Get Involved





Community members can take on different roles in the Outreachy effort, and =
all of them are very important! Maybe the
most important (and most involved) role is being a mentor.








Mentoring





Mentors have two responsibilities: leading the project and guiding the inte=
rns/applicants.








Leading the Project





One responsability is leading the project. Concretely, that means outlining=
 an internship project, submitting a
project description to Outreachy, making sure that the context repo for tha=
t project gets ready for the
application/"contribution" phase, and guiding the project throughout the in=
ternship, including reacting to changes.
All of that must match the Outreachy framework, which we explained in
detail
last round, based on the timeline structure shown above.










Guiding the Intern and the Applicants





Their other responsibility is personal guidance. During the application/"co=
ntribution" period, mentors answer
questions and review code for multiple applicants. During the internship, t=
hey also offer pair-programming sessions
and facilitate more specific guidance, and general support for their intern=
s.





All of that is usually quite time-intensive, so it's important to have some=
 support from other community members and
strong support from a concrete co-mentor.












Co-mentoring





A co-mentor does the same job as described in the "Guiding the Intern and t=
he Applicants" tasks above, so having a
co-mentor is very important! Of course, if a co-mentor also wants to take p=
art in the project's direction, that's
great as well! This means that the line between co-mentoring and mentoring =
isn't always clear.










Volunteering (aka "Acting as a Joker :bat:")





Mentors and co-mentors receive a lot of general questions related to OCaml =
and programming in addition to specific
questions about the project. That's where Outreachy volunteers can be very =
helpful! They help all applicants and
interns across projects with (usually) project-unspecific questions and giv=
e a very important technical base support.










Point Out Potential Project Ideas





Apart from not having enough time, the main reason that stops folks from be=
coming a mentor is the lack of project
ideas. So if you have potential project ideas, please point them out, even =
if you don't have time to mentor!
Generally, a self-contained, uncontroversial, and incremental project makes=
 the most suitable project for Outreachy.
It's also important for a project to be associated with a repo that can ser=
ve as a basis for easy contributions
during the application phase. When in doubt, don't keep your ideas to yours=
elf. Any idea can be helpful!










Prepare Your Repos





In general, if you maintain a repo, it's really nice to be welcoming to new=
 contributors. Concretely, that means
having clear contributing guidelines, good newcomer issues, and well-labele=
d issues. As a nice side-effect, this also
makes your project a better target for future Outreachy projects.












Ready to Get Involved?





If you've gotten interested in any of those roles or have any other comment=
s, please just answer here in the thread.
It would be super nice to get a discussion going and start our Outreachy ef=
forts early!













Sudha Parimala then said





I along with @shakthimaan @gs0510 are submitting a project:




    

  • Extend OCaml 5's parallel benchmark suite.
    • 





The idea is to gather parallel benchmarks available elsewhere and make them=
 available in our benchmark suite, to aid
the development of the OCaml compiler and parallel programming libraries. R=
elevant repos:
sandmark and current-bench.















Set up OCaml 2.0.0-beta13





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set-up-ocaml-2-0-0-beta13/9248/1=









Sora Morimoto announced








Changed




    

  • Do not install opam-depext if it's not enabled.
    • 










Fixed




    

  • Print a proper error if the version not found in the .ocamlformat=
 file.
    • 





https://github.com/ocaml/setup-ocaml/releases/tag/v2.0.0-beta13

















First release of scfg





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-scfg/9249/1








zapashcanon announced





I'm pleased to announce the first release of scfg on opam.





It provides a library and an executable to work with the scfg configuration file
format. (disclaimer: scfg has been created by my good friend @emersion)





Here's an example of an scfg file taken from the specification:




train "Shinkansen" {
	model "E5" {
		max-speed 320km/h
		weight 453.5t

		lines-served "T=C5=8Dhoku" "Hokkaido"
	}

	model "E7" {
		max-speed 275km/h
		weight 540t

		lines-served "Hokuriku" "J=C5=8Detsu"
	}
}





Scfg is a file format designed to be simple and indeed the implementation w=
as really straightforward. I'm planning to
use it in small tools I wrote (mostly sway<=
/a> tools written in OCaml) but never released because
I couldn't stand having to use TOML, YAML or JSON for them…





The library provides an executable to validate and pretty-print an scfg fil=
e. It'll indent it properly, remove
useless quoting and whitespaces:




$ scfg spec.scfg
train Shinkansen {
  model E5 {
    max-speed 320km/h
    weight 453.5t
    lines-served T=C5=8Dhoku Hokkaido
  }
  model E7 {
    max-speed 275km/h
    weight 540t
    lines-served Hokuriku J=C5=8Detsu
  }
}





The library is made of four modules : Types, Parse, Pp and Query.





The Types module simply defines the following types, which are=
 all you need to deal with scfg:






(** A directiv=
e has a name, a list of parameters and children (a list of directive). *)
type directive =3D
  { name : string
  ; params : string list
  ; children : directive list
  }

(** A config is a list of directives. *)
type config =3D directive list







The others modules can be used as follow:






let file =3D {|
  train A-Train {
    bla bla bla
  }
  train "John Col Train" {
    tut tut tut
  }
|}

(* p=
arsing the file *)
let config =3D
  (* there's also a `Parse.from_file` function that should be more useful *)
  match Scfg.Parse.from_string file with=

  | Error=
 e ->
    Format.eprintf "error: %s@." e;
    exit 1
  | Ok co=
nfig -> config

(* p=
rinting the file *)
let () =3D
  Format.printf "```scfg@.%a@.```@." Scf=
g.Pp.config config

(* q=
uerying the file *)
let () =3D
  (* gets the first directive with the name `train` *)
  match Scfg.Query.get_dir "train" config with
  | None =
-> Format.printf "No train found.@."
  | Some =
train -> (
    (* get the parameter at index 0 in the `train` directive *)
    match Scfg.Query.get_param 0 train w=
ith
    | Error _e -> Format.printf "Train has no name.@."
    | Ok =
name -> Format.printf "The first train is `%s`.@." name )







For more have a look at the project's README,
the documentation or feel =
free to ask here ! :partying_face:















Brr 0.0.3, a toolkit for programming browsers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-brr-0-0-3-a-t=
oolkit-for-programming-browsers/9252/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





It's my pleasure to announce the release 0.0.3 of Brr, a toolkit for
programming browsers in OCaml with the js_of_ocaml compiler.





Once it has made it to the repo, install with opam install brr=
 and consult the API doc=
s and
manuals (or via odig doc brr).





Among small additions and fixes, this release brings support for js_o=
f_ocaml 4.0.0. Thanks to Hugo Heuzard (@hhugo)
who has made the ground work in js_of_ocaml this means that:




    

  1. Brr, js_of_ocaml and (soon) gen_js_api JavaSc=
ript bindings can now all be used in the same program without problems (iss=
ue #2).
    2. 

  2. You no longer need to specify the -no-check-prim flag at b=
ytecode link time. Linking against the brr library is sufficie=
nt, see the build instructions.
    3. 





The release notes have all
the details.















(anonymous?) polymorphic records





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/anonymous-polymorphic-records/9256/1=









nrolland asked





Is there a way to avoid to create records only to preserve polymorphism ?





Say, for this, in haskell style





h :: (forall r. (r -> a) -> (f r ->=
 f b)) -> f a -> f b
h malg =3D malg id













octachron replied





You can use objects, they can have polymorphic methods:






let f (id:<f:'a. 'a ->=
 'a>) =3D id#f 0, id#f "zero"













Ma=C3=ABlan also replied





The following doesn=E2=80=99t help reducing the syntactic noise, but note t=
hat when using a record for non-prenex
polymorphism like this, your record has only one field and is immutable, so=
 (with a recent enough OCaml) you can
unbox it and get rid of the runtime overhead:






type ('a, 'b) fwrap =3D =
{ f : 'r. ('r -> 'a) -> 'r list -> 'b list } [@@unboxed]

let apply_id : type a b. (a, b) fwrap -> a list -> b list =3D
  fun xs -> w.f Fun.id xs
(* i=
s compiled the same as just: *)
let apply_id_magic : type a b. (a, b) fwrap -> a list -> b list =3D
  fun xs -> (Obj.magic w) Fun.id xs

let mwrap : =
type=
 a. (a, a) fwrap =3D { f =3D List.map }
(* i=
s compiled to nothing at all (alias of List.map). *)

















2 postdoc positions on Runtime Verification at CEA LIST, Unive=
rsit=C3=A9 Paris-Saclay, France





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-02/msg00001.html=









Julien Signoles announced





The Software Safety and Security Lab at CEA LIST, Universit=C3=A9 Paris-Sac=
lay,
France has 2 open postdoc positions in the area of runtime verification for
code safety and security:







The candidates will:



    

  • solve challenging research problems;
    • 

  • implement their results in Frama-C, an industrial-strength open-source =
framework for analyses of C code;
    • 

  • evaluate their solutions on concrete benchmarks or/and use cases;
    • 

  • publish their results in international conferences and journals.
    • 





Strong knowledge in at least one of the following areas is welcome:



    

  • programming

      

    • OCaml and C
      • 

    • formal semantics
      • 

    • 

  • formal verification

      

    • runtime verification, static analysis, formal specification languages, =
…
      • 

    • 

  • compilation

      

    • code generation, program transformation, type system, …
      • 

    • 





Interested applicants should send a CV and a motivation letter to Julien
Signoles (julien dot signoles at cea dot fr).















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 08 Feb 2022 14:16:25 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 01 to 08, 2022.









Functori is hiring full-time engineers and Interns





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/functori-is-hiring-full-time-engineers-interns/9266/1








Mohamed Iguernlala announced





Functori, a young and dynamic company based in Paris, is hiring talented engineers/PhDs to expand its team. Please
find more details in the announcement (in French): https://functori.com/annonce-recrutement.pdf





We are also looking for interns in the fields of programming languages, formal methods, and blockchains (details
available on request).





Feel free to share with anyone who may be interested.















Permanent position for Computer Scientist in cybersecurity verification at CEA List, France





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-02/msg00004.html








ANTIGNAC Thibaud announced





We would like to share with you an exciting opportunity to join the Frama-C team at CEA List (a French public
research institute). We are opening a permanent computer scientist position to work on formal verification of
cybersecurity properties. More details about the position and the qualifications expected are available here:
https://frama-c.com/jobs/2022-02-01-permanent-computer-scientist-cyber-security-verification.html





Please do not hesitate to reach out or to share with potentially interested people!















pyml_bindgen: a CLI app to generate Python bindings directly from OCaml value specifications





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-pyml-bindgen-a-cli-app-to-generate-python-bindings-directly-from-ocaml-value-specifications/8786/5








Ryan Moore announced








New version





I wanted to announce a new version of pyml_bindgen has been merged into the opam repository, version 0.2.0.
Whenever it hits, feel free to try it out!





The main addition is now you can embed Python files directly into the generated OCaml module and it will be evaluated
at run time.  In this way, you don't need your users to mess with the PYTHONPATH environment variable or need them
to install a particular Python module when using the generated OCaml code. (Another thanks to UnixJunkie and Thierry
Martinez for their help with this!)





There were also a few bugfixes and some nice new
examples added to the GitHub repository.  One
cool thing about the examples is that they show you how to set up your project to use Dune rules to automatically
generate Python bindings whenever the value specification files change!

















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 15 to 22, 20=
22.









OCAML goes Quantum computing





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-goes-quantum-computing/9333/1











Anton Kochkov then added





Haskell has a nice package for quantum computing - Quipper. I recommend to =
take a look to it for inspiration as well:
















Layout Parsing and Nicely Formatted Error Messages





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-layout-=
parsing-and-nicely-formatted-error-messages/9343/1








Hbr announced





In a previous post I have
described my way from LALR parsing to combinator
parsing. Now I am more and more convinced that combinator parsing is really=
 a
good and flexible way to write parsers. The new release 0.5.0 of `Fmlib` fo=
cuses
on layout parsing and nicely formatted error messages by using combinator
parsing.





The library can be installed via opam by opam install fmlib. T=
here is a github
repository hosting the source code. The
API can be foun=
d online. See also
a tutor=
ial on combinator parsing.








Layout Parsing





Most programming languages express hierarchical structures by some kind of
parentheses. Algol like languages use begin end, =
C like languages use curly
braces {, } to enclose blocks of code. Since bloc=
ks can be nested inside
blocks, the hierarchical or tree structure is well expressed by the syntax.





For the human reader blocks are usually indented to make the hierarchical
structure graphically visible. Programming languages like Haskell and
Python ommit the parentheses and express the hierarchical structure =
by
indentation. I.e. the indentation is part of the grammar. This is pleasing =
to
the eye, because many parentheses can be ommitted.





The hierarchical structure in the following schematical source file is
immediately visible without the need of parentheses.




xxxxxxxxxxx
    xxx
    xxx
        xxxxxxx
xxxxxxxx
    xxx





Lower level blocks are indented with respect to their parent block and sibl=
ings
at the same level are vertically aligned.





Because of this good readability configuration languages like yaml have
become very popular.





Unfortunately there are not many parsers available which support indentation
sensitivity. The library Fmlib has support to
parse languages whose grammar uses indentation to structure blocks hierarch=
ically.





There are only 3 combinators needed to introduce layout parsing in combinat=
or
parsing. Suppose that p is a combinator parsing a certain cont=
ruct. Then we
have




    

  • indent 4 p: Parse the construct described by p indented at least 4
columns relative to its environment
    • 


  • align p: Parse the construct desribed by p al=
igned vertically with its
siblings
    • 


  • detach p: Parse the construct described by p =
without any indentation or
alignment restrictions
    • 





In order to parse a list of ~p~s vertically aligned and indented relative t=
o its
environment by at least one column we just write






one_or_more (align p) |> indent 1







and parse a structure with the schematic layout




xxxxxxxx

    pppppppp

    pppppp

    pppp

xxxxx










User Frienly Error Messages





It is important to for a parser writer to make syntax error messages user
friendly. Fmlib has some support to write
friendly error messages. There is the operator <?> copie=
d from the Haskell library parsec which helps to equip
combinators with descriptive error message in case they fail to parse the c=
onstruct successfully.





At the end of a failed parsing, the syntax (or semantic) errors have to be
presented to the user. Suppose there is a combinator parser for a yaml like
structure. The library writes by default for you error messages in the form




1 |
2 | names:
3 |      - Alice
3 |      - Bob
4 |
5 |   category: encryption
      ^

I have encountered something unexpected. I was
expecting one of

    - at 3 columns after

        - sequence element: "- <yaml value>"

    - at 2 columns before

        - key value pair: "<key>: <yaml value>"

    - end of input





The raw information (line and column numbers, individual expectations, fail=
ed
indentation or alignment expectation) is available as well so that you can
present the error messages to the user in any different form.





There is also a component Fmlib_pretty in
the library for pretty printing any ascii text.

















ptime 1.0.0 and mtime 1.4.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ptime-1-0-0-and-mtime-1-4-0/93=
44/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





It's my pleasure to announce new releases of ptime and mtime. Ptime and mti=
me provide types and clocks for POSIX and
monotonic time.





These releases change the JavaScript support strategy for clocks by impleme=
nting the primitives in pure JavaScript
and linking them via js_of_ocaml.





This means that both the ptime.clock.jsoo and mtime.cloc=
k.jsoo libraries no longer exist[^1]. Instead simply use
the ptime.clock.os or mtime.clock.os libraries li=
ke you would do for your regular programs.





By side effect, the packages also no longer depend on any of  js_of_o=
caml's packages.





Thanks to Hugo Heuzard (@hhugo) for suggesting and implementing these chang=
es. Thanks also to Jonah Beckford for his
Windows build patches.





Other changes are described in the release notes for <=
code>ptime and mtime.





Home pages:  ptime, mtime





Docs & manuals: pti=
me, mtime or
odig doc ptime mtime





Install: opam install ptime mtime





[^1]: I had intended to only deprecate these libraries by warning in the META files and requiring the replacement library bu=
t it seems the warning won't show up in many contexts including dune<=
/code> builds. So a breaking change it is.















Timedesc 0.6.0





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-timedesc-0-6-0/9349/1








Darren announced





I am pleased to announce the release of Timedesc 0.6.0.





Timedesc is a very comprehensive date time handling library with good suppo=
rt of time zone.








Features:




    

  • Timestamp and date time handling with platform independent time zone su=
pport

      

    • Subset of the IANA time zone database is built into this library
      • 

    • 

  • Supports Gregorian calendar date, ISO week date, and ISO ordinal date

  • Supports nanosecond precision
    • 

  • ISO8601 parsing and RFC3339 printing
    • 










Changes





This release adds a fair number of quality of life improvements and additio=
nal features. Many thanks to @glennsl for
the suggestions and feedback!





The most important sections of the changelog are as follows:




    

  • Main breaking changes:

      

    • Changes in ISO week date functions (shorting label for arguments, quali=
ty of life changes)
      • 

    • Removed _date suffix in names of Date.Ymd_date and Date.ISO_ord_date
      • 

    • 

  • Added "partial date" modules with ISO8601 parsing and printing faciliti=
es

      

    • ISO_week
      • 

    • Ym
      • 

    • 

  • Added additional ISO8601 printing facilities for all three calendar sys=
tems

      

    • Date.Ymd.pp/to_iso8601 (these are just aliases to the RFC3=
339 printers)
      • 

    • Date.ISO_week_date.pp/to_iso8601
      • 

    • Date.ISO_ord.pp/to_iso8601
      • 

    • 

  • Added additional ISO8601 parsing facilities for all three calendar syst=
ems

      

    • Date.Ymd.of_iso8601[_exn]
      • 

    • Date.ISO_week_date.of_iso8601[_exn]
      • 

    • Date.ISO_ord.of_iso8601[_exn]
      • 

    • 

  • Added additional comparison functions to Date

      

    • lt, le, gt, ge, compare
      • 

    • 

  • Added arithemtic functions to Date
    • 

  • Added pp/to_iso8601 functions as aliases to the rfc3339 fu=
nctions to Timedesc
    • 

  • Patched ISO8601 parsers and RFC3339/ISO8601 printers to handle second l=
evel time zone offset

      

    • Rare occurrence in tzdb but picked up by some new tests
      • 

    • 

















OCaml from the Very Beginning now free in PDF and HTML formats=






Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oca=
ml-from-the-very-beginning-now-free-in-pdf-and-html-formats/9361/1








John Whitington announced





Thanks to a grant from the OCaml Software=
 Foundation, I am able to release my book OCaml
from the Very Beginning at no cost in its existing PDF format, and in a=
 new HTML format too.





You can find it here:
https://j=
ohnwhitington.net/ocamlfromtheverybeginning/.





The paperback and Kindle versions continue to be available from Amazon as b=
efore.





The book has recently been updated to make it ready for OCaml 4.14 which in=
volved only minor changes to error
handling and warnings. I have also opened the source.















Dune 3.0.0





Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-0-0/9374/1








Rudi Grinberg announced





On behalf of the dune team, I=E2=80=99m delighted to announce the availabil=
ity of dune 3.0.





The team has been working on this release for over 6 months, and there=E2=
=80=99s a bunch of new work to report. I=E2=80=99ll only
highlight the some of the interesting new developments:




    

  • The watch mode has been rewritten from scratch to be faster and more sc=
alable. We also no longer rely on any 3rd party tools such as fswatch. If a=
ny of you still have a dune workspace dune is still struggling with, we can=
not wait to hear from you.
    • 


  • The watch mode now also starts an RPC server in the background. This RP=
C protocol is going to be the basis for other tools to interact with dune. =
Watch out for announcement on the LSP side to see how we=E2=80=99ll be maki=
ng use of it to improve the editing experience.
    • 


  • The dune cache has been rewritten as well. It is now simpler and more r=
eliable. There are still some components missing, such as distribution of t=
he artifacts on the network. Nevertheless, we welcome you all to experiment=
 with this feature and give us feedback.
    • 


  • We=E2=80=99ve addressed one of our oldest feature requests: high level =
rules for ctypes projects. This feature is still experimental, so we need f=
eedback from real world projects before declaring it as mature.
    • 





Of course, there are many other fixes, enhancements, and only a few breakin=
g changes in this release. We hope you
have an easy time upgrading.





Happy Hacking.





Editor=E2=80=99s note: for the full changelog, please follow the archive=
 link above.















Blog Post "2021 at OCamlPro"





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-post-2021-at-ocamlpro/9390/1








Fabrice Le Fessant announced





We just published a review of what OCamlPro did in 2021:





https=
://www.ocamlpro.com/blog/2022_01_31_2021_at_ocamlpro





A lot of OCaml, but also some Rust, Cobol, Solidity, and a lot of Formal Ve=
rification! OCamlPro is always looking for
skilled OCaml developers to hire, so if you are interested, contact us at c=
ontact@ocamlpro.com















Packstream 0.1





Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-packstream-0-1/9392/1








Tomasz Bara=C5=84ski announced





I have a pleasure to announce the release of Packstream 0.1.





Packstream is a library to parse/serialize Packstream binary
format.





This is the initial release. It is functional but very very limited in scop=
e. It allows parsing a binary stream into
a Packstream datatype and serializing the datatype into a binary stream.















OCaml 4.14.0, first beta release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-14-0-first-beta-release/93=
96/1








octachron announced





The release of OCaml 4.14.0 is close.





The set of new features has been stabilized, and most opam packages already
work with this release. After two alpha releases, we have created a first
beta version to help you update your softwares and libraries ahead of the
release.





If you find any bugs, please report them at:





https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues





The full release of OCaml 4.14.0 is currently expected for the middle of Ma=
rch.





Compared to the last alpha, we have  a last minute correction for one of th=
e new
function in the Seq module, some documentation improvements, few configurat=
ion
and internal tweaks.








Installation instructions





The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands




opam update
opam switch create 4.14.0~beta1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https:/=
/github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git




With opam 2.1, the previous command line can be simplified to



opam update
opam switch create 4.14.0~beta1




If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:




opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.14.0~b=
eta1+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git




or with opam 2.1:



opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.4.14.0~beta1+options =
<option_list>





where <option_list> is a comma separated list of o=
caml-option-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and
no-flat-float-array switch:



opam switch create 4.14.0~beta1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.4.14.0~beta1+op=
tions ocaml-option-flambda
ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array




All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.





The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:












Changes compared to the last alpha





The full list of changes for OCaml 4.14 is available at https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/bl=
ob/4.14/Changes








Standard library




    

  • additional fixes 10583, +10998: Add over 40 new functions in Seq. (Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier and S=
imon Cruanes, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Daniel B=C3=BCnzli, Na=
=C3=ABla Courant, Craig Ferguson, Wiktor Kuchta, Xavier Leroy, Guillaume Mu=
nch-Maccagnoni, Rapha=C3=ABl Proust, Gabriel Scherer and Thierry Martinez)<=
/li>










Documentation




    

  • 10397: Docu=
ment exceptions raised by Unix module functions on Windows (Martin Jambon, =
review by Daniel B=C3=BCnzli, David Alsopp, Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy, a=
nd Florian Angeletti)
    • 


  • 10794: Clar=
ify warning 57 (Ambiguous or-pattern variables under guard) (Wiktor Kuchta,=
 review by Gabriel Scherer)
    • 










Build system




    

  • 10828 Build=
 native-code compilers on OpenBSD/aarch64
(Christopher Zimmermann)
    • 


  • 10835 Disab=
le DT_TEXTREL warnings on x86 32 bit architecture by passing -Wl,-z,notext =
in mksharedlib and mkmaindll. Fixes relocation issues, reported in 9800, making local patc=
hes in Debian, Alpine, and FreeBSD superfluous. (Hannes Mehnert with Kate D=
eplaix and St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Xavier Leroy)
    • 










Code generation




    

  • 10719: Ensu=
re that build_apply respects Lambda.max_arity
(Stephen Dolan, review by Xavier Leroy)
    • 










Internal/compiler-libs




    

  • additional fixes 10718, +11012: Add "Shape" information to the cmt files. Shapes are an abstra=
ction of modules that can be used by external tooling to perform definition=
-aware operations. (Ulysse G=C3=A9rard, Thomas Refis and Leo White, review =
by Florian Angeletti)
    • 



















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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	by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id B7ED6E037F
	for ; Tue,  1 Mar 2022 14:54:15 +0100 (CET)
Authentication-Results: mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr; spf=Pass smtp.pra=alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org; spf=Pass smtp.mailfrom=SRS0=NG7r=TM=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org; spf=Pass smtp.helo=postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=pra; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=NG7r=TM=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  SRS0=NG7r=TM=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=NG7r=TM=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=NG7r=TM=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=helo; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=NG7r=TM=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1";
  x-record-text="v=spf1 a -all"
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 01 Mar 2022 14:54:12 +0100
Message-ID: <87y21tg4mz.fsf@m4x.org>
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 22 to March =
01, 2022.









data-encoding.0.5 release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-data-encoding-0-5-release/9420/1=









Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced





On behalf of Nomadic Labs, I'=
m happy to announce the release of data-encoding
version 0.5.





This new version brings several bug fixes, some increased test coverage, mi=
nor improvements in the API, and a major
new feature:








Compact encodings: sub-byte tag sizes





This new version provides a new set of combinators for compact encodings. These compact encodings will handle all
the verbose and error-prone bit-twidling process needed to combine multiple=
 sub-byte discriminators into a single
byte-size one.





E.g., the encoding let e1 =3D either (either bool unit) (option bool)=
 uses three bits in the shared tag and zero
bytes after that;
the encoding let e2 =3D either int32 int64 uses one bit in the=
 shared tag and either 4 or 8 bytes to represent the
integer;
the product encoding let ee =3D tup2 e1 e2 uses four (3 + 1) b=
its in the shared tag and either 4 or 8 bytes to
represent the integer of e2.










How to get





The code is available under MIT license on https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/data-encoding.





It can be installed via opam.













Dario Teixeira asked and Rapha=C3=ABl Proust replied<=
/h3>






Hi @raphael-proust! I have a question regarding the connection between data-encoding and json-data-encoding, also
developed at Nomadic Labs. The latter seems tied to JSON, whereas the forme=
r is more flexible, supporting also binary
encodings. However, since data-encoding also supports JSON, do=
esn't it subsume json-data-encoding completely?







The data-encoding library uses json-data-encoding=
 for its JSON backend. It delegates conversion from OCaml values
into and from JSON to the primitives provided in the interface of jso=
n-data-encoding.





In a way, yes, as an end-user you don't need to use json-data-encodin=
g directly because you can use the Json
module of data-encoding instead. There are three possible reas=
ons why you might add json-data-encoding as a
(non-transitive) dependency to your project and use it directly in your cod=
e:




    

  • You want to keep the dependency set and the number of abstraction layer=
s as small as possible. E.g., in order to reduce binary size.
    • 

  • You want some static guarantees that some encodings are only every used=
 for JSON. E.g., in your logging system.
    • 

  • You need to define a JSON encoding which is rejected by data-enco=
ding on grounds that it is invalid in binary. Note that

      

    • This is very specific to some combinators but basically some combinator=
s will reject their inputs (raise Invalid_argument) because us=
ing the serialiser would lead to undecodable data. Most typically, this hap=
pens if you try to concatenate two fields of unknown length. Decoding the r=
esult becomes a guessing game as to were one field stops and where the next=
 begins. These could easily be represented as an array in JSON which includ=
es all the delimiters you need to decode it.
      • 

    • There are other workarounds (e.g., prefixing the fields with a length f=
ield), but going for the JSON encoding directly is a valid approach if you =
only need JSON.
      • 

    • 











Rapha=C3=ABl Proust later announced





Version 0.5.1 of the data-encoding has just been released.





This is a bugfix release making one of the library's internal checks more p=
ermissive. Without this fix (i.e., using
version 0.5), some valid encodings are rejected (raising Invalid_argu=
ment) by the library.





You can update via opam: opam install data-encoding.0.5.1















Tutorial: Roguelike with effect handlers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tutorial-roguelike-with-ef=
fect-handlers/9422/1








art-w announced





The recent conversations about eio
0.1 and agnostic
blocking have made me very curious about effect
handlers. The multicore team has done an awesome job with
their tutor=
ials,
examples and
talks, but the laymen have been too
quiet for such an exciting feature! Where are all the blog posts about how =
"you could have invented algebraic
effects" and "one-shot continuations are like spaghetti"?





In any case, I'm hoping to tease some of you into trying them out with a simple tutori=
al about programming a
roguelike with effect handlers :)





There's nothing new here besides the fun use-case! So if you already have a=
n intuitive understanding of the syntax
and motivations, you may be more interested by a deeper look at the scope of effect
handlers – and a soft introduction to some less common
features of the type system. (this link was previously posted deep into =
the eio thread)





I would be grateful if you spot any mistake! I'm also curious of other fun =
applications for effect handlers… and if
you feel like sharing your own surprises and discoveries, I believe it coul=
d really help others learn faster :)











Kiran Gopinathan then said





Great blog post! That seems like a very elegant implementation!





Funny you should make a rougelike :smiley: , I guess effect handlers + game=
s might be popular for games, because I
also had a blog post about effect handlers and their applications, in parti=
cular for games, although in my case it
was for animations:





https://gopiandcode.uk/logs/log-bye-bye-monads-algebraic-effects.htm=
l











gasche also replied





Note: the "upstream" status of effect handlers is a little uncertain/confus=
ing right now. Your blog post (I didn't
get a chance to read it yet, but it sounds very nice!) uses the experimenta=
l syntax of multicore-4.12+effects, but
that syntax was intentionally not upstreamed, and it will not=
 be part of OCaml 5.0.





I think there is a risk of confusion because the community is aware that Mu=
lticore OCaml has effect handlers, and
also that Multicore OCaml has been merged upstream. So it can be tempting t=
o believe that the upcoming OCaml release
(or maybe one or two releases after that, we said the first Multicore relea=
se would be more like a preview) will
support effect handlers as a language feature. It will not! Effects as a la=
nguage feature were removed from Multicore
OCaml before the upstream merge. And no one knows if/when they will =
be supported upstream.





So: I think that your blog posts on using effect handlers could have somewh=
ere a short mention that the code is using
an experimental extension of OCaml that is not supported by the upstream im=
plementation.






The reasoning for this choice is that we want to give a chance to a type sy=
stem for effect handlers, but that still
need quite a bit more time than the Multicore runtime itself. We don't want=
 to encourage the ecosystem to rely on
untyped effects, if it means a lot of pain upgrading to typed effects later=
 (or risk having to support both).





5.0 only contains basic support for effect handlers as a runtime primiti=
ve, but dos not support handlers as a
language feature. I think they should be considered experimental: yo=
u can rely on them for their intended purpose
of exposing a flexible interface for concurrent fibers, but uses beyond tha=
t may break in the future.





So, in a sense, we don't want people to use them. It's of course fine to us=
e experimental features from experimental
forks of the OCaml compiler (effect handlers, modular implicits or explicit=
s, runtime type representations and what
not), and the people working on these experimental features do benefit from=
 other people trying them and giving them
feedback. But we don't want people to depend on it in production, wh=
atever that means. (For example, code using it
is likely to get stuck on 4.12 forever and never see an upgrade to upcoming=
 OCaml versions, although of course people
could choose to port the experimental branch forward.)















For Diversity and the OCaml Community: Outreachy Summer 2022




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/for-di=
versity-and-the-ocaml-community-outreachy-summer-2022/9234/4








Sonja Heinze announced





Just in case anyone is actually interested in this: the project submission =
deadline has been extended from March 4th
to March 23rd. So the updated timeline now looks as follows:







3D"534ca9a08bce=







where 2. and 3. probably need to be done a bit in parallel.















Bogue, the OCaml GUI





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bogue-the-ocaml-gui/9099/23








sanette announced





Hi, some new developments. I have implemented a new Sdl_area w=
idget where one can conveniently issue any SDL
function (from the SDL Renderer API).





Here is (below) the new 'labelled graph' example. In this example I am usin=
g regular "label" widgets for creating the
nodes, and I am using an Sdl_area for drawing the lines.





The nice things for labels to be regular widgets is that one can click on t=
hem. To demonstrate this, in this example
they react to a click by jumping to another random location (with animation=
).







3D=









3D"d6958e266f27=








open Bogue
module W =3D Widget
module L =3D Layout

let n =3D 15 (* number of discs *)
let radius =3D 20
let width =3D 800
let height =3D 600

let c =3D Draw.find_color "#e5b92c"
let cb =3D Draw.find_color "#7b6b35"
let disc_style =3D =
Style.(
    create ~border:(
      mk_border ~radius (mk_line ~color:Draw.(opaque c) ~width:1 ~style:Solid =
()))
      ~background:(color_bg Draw.(opaque cb)) ())

let background =3D =
L.style_bg Style.(
    of_bg (gradient ~angle:45. Draw.[opaque grey; opaque black]))

let fg =3D Draw.(opaque white)

let create_disc i (x,y) =3D
  let w =3D 2*radius + 1 in
  let bg =3D Box.create ~style:disc_style ~width:w ~he=
ight:w () in
  W.label ~fg (string_of_int i)
  |> L.resident ~background:(<=
span style=3D"color: #228b22;">L.box_bg bg) ~x:(x-radius) ~y:(y-r=
adius) ~w ~h:w

let move_disc (x,y) d =3D
  let (x0, y0)=
 =3D L.xpos d, L.ypos d in
  L.animate_x d (Avar.fromto x0 x);
  L.animate_y d (Avar.fromto y0 y)

let random_center _=
 =3D
  radius + Random.int (width - 2*rad=
ius),
  radius + Random.int (height - 2*ra=
dius)

let area =3D
  let sdlw =3D W.sdl_area ~w:width ~h:height () in
  let sdla =3D W.get_sdl_area sdlw in<=
/span>
  let centers =3D Arr=
ay.init n random_center in
  let color =3D Draw.=
(opaque grey) in<=
/span>
  let draw_lines rend=
erer =3D let open Draw in
    for i =3D 0 to n - 2 do
      let x0, y0 =3D to_pixels centers.(i) in
      let x1, y1 =3D to_pixels centers.(i+1) in
      line renderer ~color ~thick:6 =
~x0 ~y0 ~x1 ~y1
    done in
  Sdl_area.add sdla draw_lines;
  let discs =3D Array=
.mapi create_disc centers |> Array.to_list in
  (* move the disc when click on it *)
  List.iteri (fun i d ->
      W.on_click ~click:(fun _ ->
          centers.(i) <- random_center 0;
          Sdl_area.update sdla;
          let x,y =3D centers.(i) in
          move_disc (x - radius, y - radius) d) (L.widget d))
    discs;
  L.superpose ~w:width ~h:height =
~background (L.resident sdlw :: discs)

let board =3D Bogue=
.make []<=
/span> [area]

let () =3D Bogue.run board

















Friday 03/04 Intern presentations – open attendance!




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/friday-03-04-int=
ern-presentations-open-attendance/9429/1








Aya announced





This is Aya, one of the three Outreachy<=
/a> interns working on OCaml this winter :camel: After
3 very fast months, our internships are already coming to a close. We have =
had such a great time working on our
projects and learning OCaml that we want to hold an event to mark the end o=
f the internships, and we decided to open
it up to the community :tada:





As you might have seen in the initial
announcement, @pitag @shonfeder @gs0510
@tmattio and @pkel all volunteered to mentor us from December 2021 to now. =
Thank you all so so much for mentoring us
and introducing us to OCaml :heart: :fire: It's been such an enjoyable expe=
rience!





We are inviting anyone who is interested to attend a virtual session of 3 s=
hort presentations on Friday, March 4th,
4-5pm CET (we will post the link to join on Thursday). There will be ti=
me for Q&A after each presentation, and the
whole session will be recorded and posted online shortly after as well.




    

  • @ayc9 will present on updating a standard PPX deriver (mentors: @pitag =
@shonfeder)
    • 

  • @SaySayo will present on syntax highlighting and other updates to the v=
scode extension (mentors: @tmattio @gs0510)
    • 

  • @JiaeK will present on building a basic monitoring dashboard for ocaml.org (mentors: @tmattio)
    • 





We hope you can make it!





-@ayc9 @SaySayo @JiaeK















Affect: Composable concurrency primitives for OCaml 5.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/affect-comp=
osable-concurrency-primitives-for-ocaml-5-0/9430/1








Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced





I looked a bit into the kind of fiber abstraction and concurrency structure=
 I would like to use with the new tools
OCaml 5.0 is going to offer.  You can find some results in affect's
Fiber module.





This fiber abstraction supports terminating by returning values or abnormal=
ly (by aborting or via a spurious
exception). Termination of a fiber is aligned on function scopes: all the f=
ibers spawn by a fiber function have to
terminate in order for it to terminate.





This means that if your fiber returns a value it waits for its spawns to te=
rminate (in any way) before returning the
value. And if your fiber returns abnormally (uncaught eception or explicit =
abort) it first aborts all its
non-terminated spawns before returning abnormally =E2=80=93 this provides a=
ffect's notion of cancellation.





Explicit fiber aborts raise the Abort exception in fibers. Com=
bined with a disciplined use of Fun.protect and an
optional finally handler specified at fiber spawn, this lets t=
hem release the ressources they may hold when it's
time to say goodbye.





The module also provides a generic way of blocking and unblocking fibers th=
at you can use to interface with your
favourite event loop. It does so without requiring to fiddle with effects, =
you just need to make judicious use of
Fiber.block and provide a suitable function
to Fiber.run's built-in scheduler to let it know about fibers =
that can be unblocked.





A grab bag of comments:




    

  1. The first goal of affect is to seek a concurrency and abort structure t=
hat are easy to understand, use and compose with event loops. Right now som=
e efficiency and implementation aspects need to be improved. This will like=
ly change the exposed set of primitive effects which doesn't feel exactly r=
ight yet (if you want to build your own scheduler).
    2. 


  2. I use abort rather than cancel terminology. From my non-native english =
speaker perspective, cancelling is more about not doing something that was =
planned but didn't happen yet. Aborting is more about stopping something th=
at is going on. It also melds better with the uncaught exception case.
    3. 


  3. Say no to unit soups! Let fibers return values.
    4. 


  4. At that point I don't feel the need to add a promise/future abstraction=
 to the toolbox. The whole point of direct style is to get rid of this asyn=
c madness.
    5. 


  5. There's no synchronisation structure yet. Semaphores are always useful =
for throttling so I'll certainly add that at some point or a more fundament=
al primitive like an mvar.
    6. 


  6. The Funix module has a few fiber friendly Unix=
 module functions for playing with timers and the network, see ping.ml for an example of use. In practice you want to be able to use som=
ething else than select(2) though. There are various ways one =
could go about this, see for example point 6. in these design notes.
    7. 


  7. The mouse.ml has a basic example on how to interface wit=
h the SDL event loop which provides another example on how one goes to inte=
rface Fiber with event loops.
    8. 





I'm not fully convinced by everything yet. It will certainly need one or tw=
o more design rounds. If you try it, feel free to comment or make suggestio=
ns on the issue tracker.





Home page: https://erratiq=
ue.ch/software/affect





API docs: https://err=
atique.ch/software/affect/doc/ (or odig doc affect)





Install:



opam switch create 5.0.0+trunk
opam pin add https://erratique.ch/repos/affect.git















Segfault Systems Joins Tarides





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/segfault-systems-joins-tarides/9431=
/1








Thomas Gazagnaire announced





@kayceesrk and I are delighted to announce that Segfault Systems, a spinout=
 from IIT-Madras, is joining Tarides.
Tarides has worked closely with Segfault Systems over the last couple of ye=
ars, most notably on the award-winning
Multicore OCaml project and the upstreaming plans for OCaml 5.0. This allia=
nce furthers the goals of Tarides,
bringing the compiler and benchmarking expertise of the Segfault team direc=
tly into the Tarides organisation, where
it can be commercially funded and supported.





All of Segfault Systems=E2=80=99 existing responsibilities and open-source =
commitments will migrate over to Tarides, where
work will continue towards the three main objectives in 2022:




    

  • Releasing OCaml 5.0 with support for domains and effect handlers
    • 

  • Supporting the ecosystem to migrate the OCaml community over to OCaml 5=
.0
    • 

  • Improving developer productivity for OCaml 5.0 by releasing the best pl=
atform tools
    • 





This alliance will complement the commercial offerings of Tarides – =
already strengthened by the integration of
OCaml=
 Labs – and contribute to Tarides=E2=80=99 mission:
empowering developers, communities, and organisations to adopt OCaml as the=
ir primary programming experience by
providing training, expertise, and development services around the OCaml la=
nguage.





Read the full announcement here, including
details of our goals and the focus for 2022. This alliance brings the headc=
ount of Tarides up to 60+ people, all
working towards making OCaml the best language for any and every project. J=
oin our team and reach out for commercial
services at https://tarides.com/.















OCaml User Survey 2022





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-user-survey-2022/9433/1








Kim Nguy=E1=BB=85n announced





we are delighted to announce the OCaml User Survey 2022. With this survey, the
OCSF is trying to get a better picture of the OCaml community and its needs=
. It would be very helpful if you could
take a few minutes (10 to 15) to fill the survey and share it with other OC=
aml programmers.





https://forms.gle/oKy2Joz1c=
ZhCPNtf6





The survey is run by the OCaml Software F=
oundation. It builds on the previous
iteration issued in 2020. The results will be published
here on discuss and on the  website of th=
e OCSF. We would like to particularly thank @cjr
for his help as well as everyone who commented on the previous survey. We t=
ried our best to take all remarks into
account but surely missed something. Don't hesitate to give us your feedbac=
k (you can post here or send me a
message/email).





The survey will remain opened until March 11th 2022 (AOE).















Old CWN





If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.





If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.














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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 08 to 15, 2022.









Robur Reproducible Builds





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-robur-reproducible-builds/8827/6








Continuing this thread, Hannes Mehnert announced





The background article by @rand is now online
https://r7p5.earth/blog/2022-3-7/Builder-web%20visualizations%20at%20Robur















OCaml TeXmacs plugin





Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-03/msg00009.html








Nicolas Ratier announced





I made a basic OCaml plugin for TeXmacs (http://www.texmacs.org)
I would like to keep it simple, but comments and improvements are welcome.
http://forum.texmacs.cn/t/ocaml-a-basic-ocaml-plugin-for-texmacs/813















Release of ocaml-sf/learn-ocaml:0.14.0





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-ocaml-sf-learn-ocaml-0-14-0/9491/1








Yurug announced





We are very pleased to announce the latest stable release of Learn-OCaml, version 0.14.0.





Many thanks to all users and developers who reported bugs, contributed features, or patches! Special thanks to
@erikmd who made many of the changes included in this release.





A (mostly) comprehensive list of the features, fixes, and enhancements offered by this release is available in the Release Notes .





A brief and incomplete summary of the changes:




    

  • A long-standing bug has been fixed. This bug was triggered when the user opened several sessions: the auto-sync mechanism could lead to overwriting the student's code with an older version.
    • 


  • The release assets now include a zip file containing the contents of the `www` directory. This eases the usage of the distributed binaries.
    • 





If need be, feel free to open issues in the Learn-OCaml bug tracker or the learn-ocaml.el bug tracker, or post in this thread to share thoughts or
experience-feedback.





Happy OCaml learning and teaching!















Tutorial: Roguelike with effect handlers





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tutorial-roguelike-with-effect-handlers/9422/18








Continuing this thread, stw said





Sorry about the late reply, I was busy actually verifying that my concept works out. Thankfully it does :smile:





The UI framework is inspired by
Concur which means that every
widget listens for some set of events and suspends computation until one of these events occurs. Once it does, it
continues execution until it encounter the next await at which point it will suspend once more. Once a widget has
fulfilled its purpose it terminates with some return value (e.g. text input is confirmed with enter -> return with a
string).
Complex UIs are then built by composing simpler widgets. A more detailed explanation can be found in the link above.





I've implemented this concept using an await function that takes a list of triggers and a handler for each possible
event:





effect Await : Event.t list -> Event.t
let rec await triggers handler =
  handler (EffectHandlers.perform (Await triggers))

let rec check_box checked  =
  (* display check box *)
  ...;
  await [Mouse_press; Key_press] (function
  | Mouse_press ->
    print_endline "I've been (un-)checked!";
    check_box (not checked)
  | Key_press -> (* Terminate if any key is pressed *) checked)







Every widget can then be implemented as a function which displays the widget and performs an Await triggers which
is resumed by passing an event from triggers, for example the check box above.





The most complex widget I've implemented so far is a single line text input. It can be clicked or selected with tab.
Moving the mouse while holding the button down changes the selection. As an automaton:







574e164b6189608283de32d9f375534ca80caffa.png







Obviously, this is not a directed acyclic graph and therefore not a perfect fit for the implicit state stored in the
continuation. Specifically, Pressed has an edge to one of its multiple parents. We can extract the Pressed state
into its own function and therefore avoid this issue by 'duplicating' this state. Now Pressed no longer has
multiple parents:







70a34d2f4bb81800a5e3b12b8e49147a0d80ece4.png







Some cycles remain and we can't remove them because they are essential to the functionality. Instead we throw an
exception Repeat that returns us to a parent node (explicitly shown for Focused -> Pressed -> Released -> Focused).
To do that we modify await:





let rec await triggers handler =
  try handler (EffectHandlers.perform (Await triggers)) with
  | Repeat -> await triggers handler






In the end this results in this main method for the text input, with only minor simplifications:





method execute =
  (* Represent the Pressed state.
     We await the Mouse_release and handle Mouse_motion while we wait. *)
  let pressed (x,_) =
    selection <- Point x;
    await [`Mouse_release; `Mouse_motion] @@ function
    | `Mouse_release (_, LMB) ->
      ()
    | `Mouse_motion (x,_) ->
      self#select x;
      raise Repeat (* This restarts the await function *)
    | _ ->
      raise Repeat
  in

  (* We start in the Unfocused state *)
  begin
    await [`Mouse_press; `Key_press] @@ function
    | `Mouse_press (pos, LMB) ->
       (* We have registered the press, but only when it is released
          will we be focused. *)
       pressed pos
    | `Key_press Tab ->
      selection <- Area (0, List.length keys)
    | _ -> raise Repeat
  end;

  (* We move into the Focused state *)
  begin
    await [`Codepoint; `Key_press; `Mouse_press] @@ function
    | `Key_press Tab | `Key_press Return ->
      () (* The only path without raising Repeat.
            Therefore we only leave this await when a tab or return occurs *)
    | `Mouse_press (pos, LMB) ->
      pressed pos;
      raise Repeat
    | `Key_press c ->
      self#insert c;
      raise Repeat
    | _ -> raise Repeat
  end;
  (* We have reached the finished state. We can now return the entered text. *)
  self#text






I think that this method captures the automaton above quite nicely and can be relatively easily understood (hopefully
even when one is unfamiliar with the framework and accepts that some magic is happening in the background (: ).
Implementing automatons in terms of effect handlers seems to work quite well, at least for games and UIs. What these
automatons have in common is that they can be thought of as flows, starting at some state and ending at one of
multiple final states and only have few edges that don't fit this scheme, turning them into 'directed almost acyclic
graphs'.





There is obviously a lot more necessary for a UI framework (e.g. resizing the window/widgets, delegating the events
to the correct widget, composing widgets, drawing on the screen etc.) and I plan to write about it at some point in
the future. But for that I will first need to actually solve these problems as right now their implementation is
quite barebones. The code can be found here for those interested (still very early in development!):
https://github.com/Willenbrink/bogue/















Awesome Multicore OCaml and Multicore Monorepo





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/awesome-multicore-ocaml-and-multicore-monorepo/9515/1








Patrick Ferris announced





A short announcement of two repositories which some people may or may not have seen. Firstly, Awesome Multicore
OCaml, a place for gathering all of the rapidly changing
experiments, ideas, libraries and resources for Multicore OCaml (including some of the discuss threads). If you are
working on something or feel anything is missing please open a PR!





Secondly, a Multicore Monorepo which aims to provide a
very quick and easy way to try out effects and parallelism with quite a few libraries (such as Eio, Dream etc.). The
breaking changes introduced by OCaml 5 can make it frustrating to get such a setup in place, although this is less
and less true thanks to the alpha repository. The idea is
that you should just be able to clone this repository, create a new 5.0.0+trunk switch, install dune and start
hacking. If that's not the case please do open an issue.















ppx_viewpattern initial release





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-viewpattern-initial-release/9516/1








Simmo Saan announced





I'm glad to announce the initial release of ppx_viewpattern –
transformation for view patterns in OCaml.





It attempts to imitate Haskell view
patterns. I wrote this ppx rewriter
mostly out of curiosity, rather than need, but it turned out neat enough that others might find it interesting or
even useful.








Syntax





Use [%view? pat when exp] as a pattern to apply exp to whatever the pattern is matching and match the result of
the exp application against pat.
This is analogous to the Haskell view pattern exp -> pat.





The above extension node payload syntax is the best I could come up with to combine an expression and a pattern.
Honestly, I was even surprised that when exp is attached to a pattern in the AST (not a case), because normally it
isn't part of the pattern itself.










Example





This allows one to write





(* These cases are exactly like reduction rules! *)
let rec reduce = function
  | Add (Int n1, Int n2) -> Some (Int (n1 + n2))
  | Add ([%view? Some p1' when reduce], p2) -> Some (Add (p1', p2))
  | Add (p1, [%view? Some p2' when reduce]) -> Some (Add (p1, p2'))
  (* ... *)
  | _ -> None






instead of





(* These nested cases are so annoying! *)
let rec reduce = function
  | Add (Int n1, Int n2) -> Some (Int (n1 + n2))
  | Add (p1, p2) ->
    begin match reduce p1 with
      | Some p1' -> Some (Add (p1', p2))
      | None ->
        begin match reduce p2 with
          | Some p2' -> Some (Add (p1, p2'))
          | None -> None
        end
    end
  (* ... *)
  | _ -> None







See examples/ on GitHub for more.

















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If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.





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OCaml Weekly News










OCaml Weekly News



Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week





Hello





Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 15 to 22, 2022.









Friday 03/04 Intern presentations – open attendance!




Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/friday-03-04-int=
ern-presentations-open-attendance/9429/8








Continuing this thread, Aya announced





Here is the link to the video recording
of the presentations! Thanks again to everyone who attended :pray: :tada:















Multicore OCaml: February 2022





Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-february-2022/9522/1=









Anil Madhavapeddy announced





Welcome to the February 2022 Multicore OCaml monthly report! As
with previous u=
pdates, these have been compiled by me, @ctk21,
@kayceesrk and @shakthimaan.





Progress towards a stable OCaml 5.0.0 release have been moving forward at f=
ull steam, with most of the multicore
OCaml work now happening directly within the main ocaml/ocaml repository. A=
s a number of
deprecations<=
/a> have happened in OCaml 5.0+trunk, it can be a
little tricky in the immediate term to get a working development environmen=
t.  You may find these resources helpful:



    

  • There is a multicore monorepo which is a 'fast clo=
ne and dune build' with a number of ecosystem libraries. (thanks @patricofe=
rris)
    • 

  • There is an alpha-opam-repository which contains work-in=
-progress packages.  If a package you maintain is in there, now would be a =
good time to start releasing it to the mainline opam-repository.  Remember =
that while we can propose changes, only the community maintainers of the re=
levant projects can do the actual release, so your help with making OCam=
l 5.0-compatible releases of your projects would be very much appreciated. (thanks @kit-ty-kate)
    • 





For mainline development, the 

  • the ARM64 PR=
 has been merged, so your shiny Mac M1s will now work
    • 

  • we continue to work on the post-Multicore merge tasks for an upcoming 5=
.0.0+trunk release. The documentation efforts on the OCaml memory model, ru=
ntime system, and STW synchronization have also started.
    • 

  • The eio project =
is actively being developed which now includes UDP support with Eio's netwo=
rking interface.  There has been robust discussion on several aspects of eio which is all influe=
ncing the next iteration of its design (thank you to everyone!). For those =
of you who do not wish to participate in public discussion, feel free to ge=
t in touch with me or @kayceesrk for a private discussion, particularly if =
you have a large OCaml codebase and opinions on concurrency. We'll summaris=
e all these discussions as best we can over the coming months.
    • 

  • Sandmark-nightly and Sandmark have a custom v=
ariant support feature to build trunk, developer branches, or a specific co=
mmit to assess any performance regressions. The backend tooling with UI enh=
ancements continue to drive the current-bench project forward.=

    • 



    
As always, the Multicore OCaml updates are listed first, which are then fol=
lowed by the ecosystem tooling updates.
Finally, the sandmark, sandmark-nightly and current-bench project tasks are=
 mentioned for your reference.

    


    
Editor=E2=80=99s note: please find the full update at the archive link a=
bove.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml 4.14.0, second release candidate
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-14-0-second-release-=
candidate/9528/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The release of OCaml 4.14.0 is imminent.
As a last test that everything is in order, we are publishing a second rele=
ase
candidate for OCaml 4.14.0.

    


    
We are directly jumping to the second release candidate due to a
type system regression discovered during the release process of the first
release candidate.

    


    
Compared to the last beta, this release candidate includes a regression fix=
 when
typing recursive constraints, two backend fixes (one for the frame-pointer =
mode
and the other one for the RISC-V architecture), one configuration fix
for musl/arm64, and the manual chapter for the TMC transformation.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them here:

    


    
https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues

    


    
The full release of OCaml 4.14.0 is currently planned for next week.

    

    


    

    Installation instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands

    

    opam update
opam switch create 4.14.0~rc2 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://g=
ithub.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.4.14.0~r=
c2+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git

    

    
where <option_list> is a comma separated list of o=
caml-option-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and
no-flat-float-array switch:

    

    opam switch create 4.14.0~rc2+flambda+nffa
--packages=3Docaml-variants.4.14.0~rc2+options,ocaml-option-flambda,ocaml-o=
ption-no-flat-float-array
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git

    

    
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

    


    
The source code for the release candidate is also available at these addres=
ses:

    



    

    


    

    Changes since the last beta
    

    

    

    

    Type system regression fix
    

    

      

    • #11101, #11109: A recursiv=
e type constraint fails on 4.14 (Jacques Garrigue, report and review by Flo=
rian Angeletti)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Backend fixes
    

    

      

    • #10688: Mov=
e frame descriptor table from `rodata` to `data` section on RISC-V.  Improv=
es support for building DLLs and PIEs. In particular, this applies to all b=
inaries in distributions that build PIEs by default (eg Gentoo and Alpine).=
 (Alex Fan, review by Gabriel Scherer)
      • 


    • #11031: Exc=
eption handlers restore the rbp register when using frame-pointers on amd64=
. (Fabrice Buoro, with help from Stephen Dolan, Tom Kelly and Mark Shinwell=
, review by Xavier Leroy)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Configuration fix
    

    

      

    • #11025, #11036: Do not pas=
s -no-pie to the C compiler on musl/arm64 (omni, Kate Deplaix and Antonio N=
uno Monteiro, review by Xavier Leroy)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Documentation
    

    

      

    • 
updated entry =
#181, #9760,=
 +#10740: opt-i=
n tail-modulo-cons (TMC) transformation

      

      

      let[@tail_mod_cons] rec map f li =3D ...

      

      

      
(Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour, Gabriel Scherer, Basile Cl=C3=A9ment, review by B=
asile Cl=C3=A9ment and Pierre Chambart, tested by Konstantin Romanov)

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

    For Diversity and the OCaml Community: Outreachy Summer 2022

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/for-di=
versity-and-the-ocaml-community-outreachy-summer-2022/9234/5

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris said
    

    

    
Thanks for the updates @pitag! For this summer's round I'll be mentoring a =
project to Extend ocaml-geojson to
support TopoJSON which will likely be a separate package.
This is part of a larger effort I'm embarking on to provide better geospatial libraries and tools in
OCaml!

    


    
I'd be very happy to have a co-mentor if the project (or just the idea of O=
utreachy) interests anyone. Don't hesitate
to reach out to me on discuss publicly or privately if you are interested o=
r have more questions :camel:

    

    

    

    





    

    Understanding cancellation (in eio)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/understanding-cancellation-in-e=
io/9369/45

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
I still have reservations about the capabilities aspect of Eio, but the str=
uctured concurrency part looks very nice.
Just a few notes, for future reference to readers of this thread (if I have=
n't missed them being posted above
already):

    


    
Another interesting post about structured concurrency and cancellation: https://250bpm.com/blog:71/

    


    
A structured concurrency library in python: trio, which might be
relatively similar to Eio's switches in concept (esp since @talex linked
this)?

    


    
Companion post to the trio blogpost: https://vorpus.org/blog/timeouts-and-ca=
ncellation-for-humans/ which is directly
relevant to the current topic.

    

    

    

    





    

    Atdpy: derive safe JSON interfaces for Python
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/atdpy-derive-safe-jso=
n-interfaces-for-python/9544/1

    

    


    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the ATD team, I'd like to announce atdpy, which is part of the=
 release 2.3.x of the ATD tools. For now,
the best installation method with via opam:

    


    $ opam install atdpy

    


    
Atdpy is a new backend for ATD. It takes a collection of type definitions and
derives Python classes with mypy type annotations that validate the JSON da=
ta.

    


    
A short introdu=
ction is included in the documentation.

    


    
Use cases:

    

      

    • Safe communication with another program that also uses an ATD interface=
. Other supported languages are OCaml (including Bucklescript), Java, and S=
cala.
      • 

    • Need for [mostly] type-safe Python methods via mypy.
      • 

    • Need for a good Python API to communicate with an OCaml executable or s=
ervice.
      • 

    • Need for sum types (variants, algebraic data types, tagged unions). ATD=
 sum types are ordinary types that include pure enums.
      • 

    


    
Atdpy was developed as part of our work on Semgrep at r2c. Many thanks to
@mseri for his massive help during the opam release of the 7 ATD packages, =
and to the Ahrefs folks and @Khady in
particular for supporting the project.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


From mboxrd@z Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970
Return-Path: 
Received: from mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr (mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr [192.134.164.83])
	by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 6E700E436E
	for ; Tue, 29 Mar 2022 09:43:01 +0200 (CEST)
Authentication-Results: mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr; spf=Pass smtp.pra=alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org; spf=Pass smtp.mailfrom=SRS0=I+4H=UI=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org; spf=Pass smtp.helo=postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
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  permitted sender) identity=pra; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=I+4H=UI=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  SRS0=I+4H=UI=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=I+4H=UI=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=I+4H=UI=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
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  envelope-from="SRS0=I+4H=UI=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1";
  x-record-text="v=spf1 a -all"
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OCaml Weekly News








    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 22 to 29, 2022.

    





    

    pyml_bindgen: a CLI app to generate Python bindings directly f=
rom OCaml value specifications
    

    

    
Archive: 

    Ryan Moore announced
    

    

    

    

    New releases
    

    

    
Version 0.3.0 and 0.3.1 are now available on GitHub.  0.3.0
has been merged into opam, and a PR for 0.3.1 has been opened.  The change
log has more details about the changes.

    

    

    


    

    Binding tuples
    

    

    
You can now bind tuples directly.  Here's a Python function that takes two =
lists of points (where each "point" is a
tuple like (x, y)) and adds them together

    


    

    def add(points1, points2):
    return [(x1 + y1, x2 + y2) for (x1, x2), (y1, y2) in zip(points1,=
 points2)]

    

    


    
And you could bind it using tuples from the OCaml side as well.

    


    

    val add : points1:(int * int) list -> points2:(int * int) list -> unit -> (int * int) l=
ist

    

    


    
Note there are some restrictions regarding tuples, which you can read about
here,
here, or
here.

    

    

    


    

    Attributes
    

    

    
You can use attributes on value specifications.  Currently the only one sup=
ported is py_fun_name, which allows you
to decouple the Python method name and the generated OCaml function name.

    


    
As an example, take the following Python function, which adds to "things".

    


    

    def add(x, y):
    return x + y

    

    


    
You could bind multiple OCaml functions to this single function now.

    


    

    val add_int : x:int -> y<=
/span>:int -> unit -> int
[@@py_fun_name add]

val add_float : x:float -> y:float -> unit=
 -> float
[@@py_fun_name add]

val add_string : x<=
/span>:string -> y:string -> u=
nit -> string
[@@py_fun_name add]

    

    

    


    

    Python magic methods
    

    

    
This is also nice for binding Python magic
methods. For example, you don't have to use
__init__ as the name of the OCaml function you use to make ins=
tances of a Python class.  You can bind it to a more
natural name like create or make.

    


    

    val create : name:string -> age:int -> unit -> t
[@@py_fun_name __init__]

    

    

    

    

    


    

    Using Pytypes.pyobject directly
    

    

    
Sometimes you may not want to bother converting Python types to normal OCam=
l types at all.  You can do that now in
value specifications by using the Pytypes.pyobject and P=
y.Object.t types directly.

    

    

    


    

    Fewer dependencies
    

    

    
re is now used instead of re2, which drops the nu=
mber of dependencies that need to be installed by about half.
Additionally, core, core_bench, and bisect_=
ppx don't need to be installed if you want to install pyml_bin=
dgen
directly from the git repository, which greatly cuts the required dependenc=
ies in this case.

    


    
Thanks again to UnixJunkie for spurring many of these updates!

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Tarides is hiring!
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tarides-is-hiring/9553/1

    

    


    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
Following the recent announcement about Tarides (joining forces with OCaml
Labs and Segfault
System), we are now looking to expand our team
with experienced software engineers, compassionate team leads and experts i=
n software consulting services. Our
ambition is to bring OCaml to a vast set of new developers and industries. =
We want to make developers more productive
by spending less time on fixing bugs and more on writing new features. And =
we want the software industry to build
more robust and performant systems that can last for decades.

    


    
We are looking for:

    


      

    • Experienced Software Engineer(s) to take part in the development of Irmin. You w=
ill be part of the team that designs, builds and ships Irmin libraries and =
applications to our community and customers.
      • 

    • Team Lead(s)=
 who cares about motivating their team members, supporting their growth=
 and development and successfully delivering the team's objectives on time.=

      • 

    • A Head=
 of Consulting Services to diversify our technical teams and commercial=
 services portfolio. You'll be the first hire for this brand new department=
 and will have the opportunity to help us build our services structure from=
 scratch, including our strategy, processes, tools, and team.
      • 

    


    
We are always looking for great OCaml enthusiasts to join our team, so even=
 if these job descriptions do not fit your
profile precisely, you are welcome to send us a spontaneous
application!

    

    

    

    





    

    For Diversity and the OCaml Community: Outreachy Summer 2022

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/for-di=
versity-and-the-ocaml-community-outreachy-summer-2022/9234/6

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Aya announced
    

    

    
@pitag and I have resubmitted the PPX derivers project for this Summer 2022=
 round: Expand OCaml's library of
standard derivers! This is the same project I was the intern for this p=
ast Winter 2022 round, where the goal is to
build up a stand=
ard derivers library, like ppx_deriving, using
the updated ppxlib API.

    


    
I'm excited to be supporting @pitag with mentoring, and for the opportunity=
 to stay involved now that my internship
has ended :smiley:

    

    

    

    





    

    Caqti 1.8.0 and related news
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caqti-1-8-0-and-related-news/=
9561/1

    

    


    

    "Petter A. Urkedal announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce the second release of Caqti this year. The reason
for the quick succession is partly an adjustment to the new A=
PI for request
construction and partly that
matchable er=
ror conditions did not make it into the previous
release.  You can see the full release notes below.

    


    
I would also like to thank OCaml Software =
Foundation for sponsoring my efforts on the Caqti
project this year, also including most of the work that went into the previ=
ous release.

    


    
One feature =
in progress is a new driver based on the pure-OCaml
pgx which should make it =
possible, with some additional changes to the way
drivers are loaded, to target MirageOS. I am note sure if this can be done =
in a minor release or will require a Caqti
2 branch.

    

    


    

    Release Notes
    

    

    
New features:

    


      

    • A matchable representation of common causes of errors on the database
side is now available, with limitations.  It focuses on conditions which
seem most likely useful to handle.  At the moment we lack extended error
codes from SQLite3 needed to make the cause fully precise.
      • 


    • Expose the underlying error details from database client libraries.
This is meant to be use as a last resort, and requires directly linking
with the relevant drivers.
      • 


    • A second set of request construction operators ->., ->?, ->!, and
->* were introduced after experience with converting existi=
ng code.
Given the parameter and result type they return a function which
constructs a request directly from a query string.  Avoiding the need to
compose with @:- simplifies local opens and usage with L=
ist.map etc.
      • 


    • Environment variables are now expanded in the debug log when using the
new request constructors introduced in 1.7.0.
      • 


    • A new ?tweaks_version connection parameter has been added =
to control
when the client is ready to adapt to changes in database session
parameters or other adjustments of the interaction with specific
database systems. [More details available in the documentation.]
      • 


    • Enable foreign key constraint checks for SQLite3 starting at tweaks
version 1.7.
      • 

    


    
Fixes:

    


      

    • Fixed debug logging to pass the correct driver info to the query
callback instead of a dummy driver info which would cause a failure if
unsupported.
      • 

    


    
Deprecations:

    


      

    • The --> operator was renamed to -->!, w=
ith a deprecated alias, for
consistency with the new ->! operator.
      • 


    • The old convenience interface for creating requests has been deprecated
in favour of the new infix operators and the new query template parser.
      • 


    • Documented-only deprecations of Caqti_sql_io, Caqti_=
lwt_sql_io, and
Caqti_async_sql_io have been annotated.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    First release of prbnmcn-dagger
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-prbnmcn-d=
agger/9311/2

    

    


    

    Igarnier announced
    

    

    
I'm proud to announce the release of version 0.0.2 of prbnmcn-dagger.

    


    
This version adds Sequential Monte-Carlo, a.k.a. particle
filters-based inference to the library.

    


    
Here's the full changelog:

    

      

    • Dependency: prbnmcn-stats.0.0.3 -> prbnmcn-stats.=
0.0.4
      • 

    • Add beta distribution to Gsl samplers
      • 

    • Refactor Cps monad
      • 

    • Add SMC inference
      • 

    • Simplify handler type, modularize effect definitions away from Cps_mona=
d
      • 

    • Fix typo: bernouilli -> bernoulli (report by @nilsbecker)
      • 

    


    
I also wrote the following article: Applying Sequential Monte-Carlo to time series
forecasting
It contains some use cases for the library, I hope some find it fun :)

    


    
To conclude this post, and as a partial answer to @gasche 's
question in an older thread, I believe
that unlike some other inference techniques, single-shot continuations are =
enough to implement SMC. Without getting
into the details, the implementation is very reminiscent of that of lightwe=
ight threading libraries. I look forward
to experiment with a fibre-based implementation!

    

    

    

    





    

    MirageOS 4.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mirageos-4-0/9598/1

    

    


    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the MirageOS team, I am delighted to announce the release o=
f MirageOS 4.0.0! I'd like to send
special thanks to @dinosaure and @Lortex who drove that release forward for=
 multiple years.

    


    
Since the first release of 2013, MirageOS has made steady progress toward d=
eploying a self-managed internet
infrastructure. The project=E2=80=99s initial aim was to self-host as many =
services as possible
aimed at empowering internet users to securely deploy infrastructure to own=
 their data and take back control of their
privacy. MirageOS can securely deploy static website hosting with =E2=80=9CLet=E2=80=99s Encrypt=E2=
=80=9D
certificate provisioning and a se=
cure SMTPstack with security extensions. MirageOS
can also deploy decentralised communication infrastructure like Matrix,
OpenVPN servers, and TLS tunnels to
ensure data privacy or DNS(=
SEC) servers for better authentication.

    


    
The protocol ecosystem now contains =
hundreds of libraries and services
millions of daily users. Over these years, major commercial users have join=
ed the projects. They rely on MirageOS
libraries to keep their products secure. For instance, the MirageOS network=
ing code powers
Docker Desktop=E2=80=99s VPNKit, which
serves the traffic of millions of containers daily. Citrix
Hypervisor uses MirageOS to interact with Xen, the
hypervisor that powers most of today=E2=80=99s public cloud. Nitrokey is
developing a new hardware security module based on MirageOS. Robur develops a unikernel
orchestration system for fleets of MirageOS unikernels. Tarides uses MirageOS to improve the
Tezos blockchain, and Hyper uses MirageOS to build sensor analytics and an
automation platform for sustainable agriculture.

    


    
In the coming weeks, our blog will feature in-depth technical content for t=
he new features that MirageOS brings, as
well as a tour of the existing community and commercial users of MirageOS. =
Please reach out if you=E2=80=99d like to tell us
about your story.

    

    


    

    Install MirageOS 4
    

    

    
The easiest way to install MirageOS 4 is by using the opam version 2.1 and =
`ocaml>=3D4.12.1`. Follow the installation
guide for more details.

    


    $ opam update
$ opam install 'mirage>4'

    


    
Note: if you upgrade from MirageOS 3 you will need to manually clean=
 the previous generated files (or call mirage
clean before upgrading). You would also want to read the full list of API
changes.  You can see unikernel examples in
mirage/mirage-skeleto=
n,
roburio/unikernels or
tarides/unikernels.

    

    

    


    

    About MirageOS
    

    

    
MirageOS is a library operating system that constructs unikernels for secur=
e, high-performance, low-energy footprint
applications across various hypervisor and embedded platforms. It is availa=
ble as an
open-source project created and maintained by the MirageOS Core
Team. A unikernel can be customised based on the target
architecture by picking the relevant MirageOS libraries and compiling them =
into a standalone operating system, which
contains strictly the functionality necessary for the target. This minimise=
s the unikernel=E2=80=99s footprint, increasing
the security of the deployed operating system.

    


    
The MirageOS architecture can be divided into operating system libraries, t=
yped signatures, and a metaprogramming
compiler. The operating system libraries implement various functionalities,=
 ranging
from low-level network card drivers, to full reimplementations of the TLS p=
rotocol, as well as the Git protocol to
store versioned data. A set of typed signatures ensures that the OS librari=
es are consistent
and work well in conjunction with each other. Most importantly, MirageOS is=
 also a metaprogramming compiler that can
input OCaml source code along with its dependencies, and a deployment target
description in order to generate an executable unikernel, i.e., a specialis=
ed binary artefact containing only the
code needed to run on the target platform. Overall, MirageOS focuses on pro=
viding a small, well-defined, typed
interface with the system components of the target architecture.

    


    
Read the full announcement on mirage.io's blog.

    

    

    

    



    

    Anil Madhavapeddy then added
    

    

    
For those curious about what some of the MirageOS libraries are, there is a raw Yaml list over at
mirage/mirage-repositories listing most of them.
Conversion of this Yaml to HTML for the main mirage.io website would be a w=
elcome contribution! :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml 4.14.0 is released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-14-0-is-released/9600/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The OCaml team has the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Alexander Gr=
othendieck by
announcing the release of OCaml version 4.14.0.

    


    
Some of the highlights in the 4.14.0 release are:

    


      

    • Integrated support for "go to definitions" in Merlin.
      • 

    • Standard library: new modules In_channel and Out_cha=
nnel,
many new functions in Seq module, UTF decoding and validation support
for strings and bytes.
      • 

    • Runtime optimisation: GC prefetching. Benchmarks show a speedup of arou=
nd 20%
in GC-heavy programs.
      • 

    • Improved error messages in particular for module-level error.
      • 

    • Deprecated functions and modules in preparation for OCaml 5.
In particular, the Stream and Genlex modules are now deprecated.
      • 

    • 
Type variables can be explicitly introduced in value and variant constructor
declarations. For instance,

      

      

      val fold: ('acc -> 'e=
lt -> 'acc) -> 'acc -> 'elt list -> 'acc
type showable =3D Show: 'a * ('a -> string) -> showable

      

      

      
can now be written as

      

      

      val fold: 'acc 'elt. ('a=
cc -> 'elt -> 'acc) -> 'acc -> 'elt list -> 'acc
type showable =3D Show: 'a. 'a * ('a -> string) -> show=
able

      

      • 

    • Tail-call with up to 64 arguments are now guaranteed to be optimized
for all architectures.
      • 

    • Experimental tail modulo cons (TMC) transformation
      • 

    


    
The full list of changes can be found in the changelog below. (editor=E2=
=80=99s note: please follow the archive link for the full changelog)

    


    
Those releases are available as OPAM switches, and as a source download her=
e:

    



    

    

    





    

    ocaml-in-python.0.1.0: Effortless Python bindings for OCaml mo=
dules
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/ann-ocaml-in-python-0-1-0-effortless-python-bindings-for-ocaml-modules=
/9603/1

    

    


    

    Thierry Martinez announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce the first release of ocaml-in-python: t=
his is a Python package that exposes all OCaml
modules as Python libraries, generating bindings on the fly. This can be se=
en as a dual of
pym=
l_bindgen:
pyml_bindgen binds Python libraries in OCaml, while ocam=
l-in-python binds OCaml modules in Python.

    


    
It is available from GitHub or via opam: opam install
ocaml-in-python

    


    
Requirements: OCaml >=3D 4.13, Python >=3D =
3.7.

    


    
Once installed via opam, the package should be register=
ed in the Python environment:

    


      

    • 
either by registering the package with pip using the following=
 command (requires Python >=3D3.8):

      

      

      pip install --editable "`opam var ocaml-in-python:lib`"

      

      • 

    • 
or by adding the following definition to the environment:

      

      

      export =
PYTHONPATH=3D"`opam var share`/python/:$PYTHONPATH"

      

      • 

    


    
Then, we can import ocaml in Python and use OCaml modules:

    

    

    Python 3.10.0 (default, Nov 10 2021, 19:16:14=
) [GCC 7.5.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or  for more informat=
ion.
>>> import ocaml
>>> print(ocaml.List.map((lambd=
a x : x + 1), [1, 2, 3]))
[2;3;4]

    

    


    
We can for instance compile an OCaml module on the fly from Python.

    

    

    >>> =
m =3D ocaml.compile('let hello x =3D Printf.printf "Hello, %s!\n%!" x')
>>> m.hello('world')
Hello, world!

    

    


    
And we can require and use packages via findlib.

    

    

    >>> ocaml.require("parmap")
>>> from ocaml import Parmap
>>> print(Parmap.parmap(
...   (lambda x : x + 1), Parmap.A([=
1, 2, 3]), ncores=3D2))
[2;3;4]

    

    


    
Details about the conversions are given in
README.md.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 05 Apr 2022 13:50:01 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News








    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 29 to April 05, 2022.

    





    

    v0.15 release of Jane Street packages
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-v0-15-release-of-jane-street-packages/9612/1

    

    


    

    Arseniy Alekseyev announced
    

    

    
We are pleased to announce the v0.15 release of Jane Street packages!

    


    
This release comes with 41 new packages, and a large number of fixes and
enhancements. The documentation for the individual packages will soon be available on
v3.ocaml.org/packages, after some technical issues are fixed.

    


    
The remainder of this e-mail highlights the main changes since the v0.14
release.

    

    


    

    Notable changes
    

    

    

    

    Re-structuring of Core.
    

    

    
The most noticeable breaking change is the re-structuring of Core.

    


    
In 0.14, Core is somewhat bloated and includes many modules that are barely ever used,
many of which are Unix-specific. In 0.15, many of those modules moved to separate libraries,
most of them to package~core_unix~, and core is now much smaller and no longer
contains unix-specific code.

    


    
The mapping between the new libraries and the old modules can be summarized by the contents of Core_compat library
v0.14:

    


    

    module Command_unix = Core.Command
module Date_unix = Core.Date
module Filename_unix = Core.Filename
module Signal_unix = Core.Signal
module Sys_unix = Core.Sys
module Core_thread = Core.Thread
module Time_unix = Core.Time
module Time_ns_unix = Core.Time_ns
module Core_unix = Core.Unix
module Version_util = Core.Version_util

module Interval_lib = struct
  module Interval = Core.Interval
  module Interval_intf = Core.Interval_intf
end

module Time_interface = Core.Time_common

    

    

    

    


    

    Async: Monitor.try_with
    

    

    
Monitor.try_with and related functions changed the defaults for their run and rest parameters.
They used to default to ~~run:~Schedule ~rest:~Log~, but now they default to ~~run:~Now ~rest:~Raise~.

    

    

    

    


    

    Many other changes
    

    

    
There are many changes and additions across 130+ existing packages, and
unfortunately we don't maintain a changelog to list them all.
The code for all of our packages is on our github,
and if you're interested in the details of what changed in a particular package,
you can inspect the diff between branches v0.14 and v0.15.

    

    

    


    

    New packages
    

    

    
abstract_algebra: A small library describing abstract algebra
concepts

    


    
A library describing abstract algebra concepts. Currently, it includes
Commutative_group and Vector_space.

    


    
async_rpc_websocket: Library to serve and dispatch Async RPCs
over websockets

    


    
Library to serve and dispatch Async RPCs over websockets.

    


    
Rpc_websocket makes it easy to serve and send Async RPCs with
HTTP+Websocket underlying the transport. It also provides a mechanism to share the
RPC implementations between a vanilla TCP server and a HTTP server.

    


    
On the server side, the library detects when a websocket connection
is established, and routes to an optionally provided vanilla HTTP handler
when non-websocket traffic occurs.

    


    
bigdecimal: Arbitrary-precision decimal based on Zarith

    


    
A high-precision representation of decimal numbers as [mantissa * 10^exponent], where
the mantissa is internally a [Bigint.t] and the exponent is an [int].

    


    
cohttp_async_websocket: Websocket library for use with
cohttp and async

    


    
Websocket library for use with cohttp and async.

    


    
Cohttp_async_websocket is a full-featured server-side
websocket implementation, using Async as the concurrency library,
and Cohttp for HTTP negotiation.

    


    
It implements a large portion of RFC6445. The library has been
hardened with many applications using it for several year, in
conjunction with async-js and google-chrome.

    


    
cohttp_static_handler: A library for easily creating a
cohttp handler for static files

    


    
Single page handlers are handlers that serve user specified JavaScript and css
   files along with a generated index page that loads those files.

    


    
core_compat: Compatibility for core 0.14

    


    
Compatibility wrapper to make it possible to have code compatible with both Core 0.14 and 0.15.

    


    
env_config: Helper library for retrieving configuration from an
environment variable

    


    
The Env_config library is a helper for retrieving library and program
configuration from an environment variable. Its goal is to make it easy
to override a configuration that is loaded from disk, computed, or embedded
in a library.

    


    
file_path: A library for typed manipulation of UNIX-style file paths

    


    
A library for typed manipulation of UNIX-style file paths.

    


    
fuzzy_match: A library for fuzzy string matching

    


    
A library for fuzzy string matching

    


    
fzf: A library for running the fzf command line tool

    


    
A library for running the fzf command line fuzzy matcher

    


    
hardcaml_c: Hardcaml C Simulation Backend

    


    
A fast C-based simulation backend for Hardcaml circuits.

    


    
The library transparently compiles a Hardcaml Circuit to C code, which is in turn compiled
and linked into the running executable. The generated simulation object can be used like
any other cyclesim simulation.

    


    
hardcaml_circuits: Hardcaml Circuits

    


    
A small library of useful/interesting Hardcaml circuits.

    


    
hardcaml_fixed_point: Hardcaml fixed point arithmetic

    


    
Signed and Unsigned fixed point operations, with a full complement of rounding and
overflow functionality.

    


    
hardcaml_of_verilog: Convert Verilog to a Hardcaml design

    


    
The opensource synthesis tool yosys is used to convert a verilog design to a JSON based
netlist representation. This library can load the JSON netlist and build a hardcaml
circuit.

    


    
Code can also be generated to wrap the conversion process using Hardcaml interfaces.

    


    
hardcaml_step_testbench: Hardcaml Testbench Monad

    


    
A monad for interacting with Hardcaml.Cyclesim based simulations.

    


    
Allows multiple control threads to interact with a simulation module, all of which are
synchronised to the system clock.

    


    
hardcaml_verify: Hardcaml Verification Tools

    


    
Tools for verifying properties of Hardcaml circuits.

    


    
Combinational circuits can be converted to 'conjunctive normal form' for input into SAT
solvers via DIMAC files. Support for a few opensource solvers is integrated - minisat,
picosat, Z3 - just ensure they are in your PATH.

    


    
Circuits can also be converted to NuSMV format for advanced bounded and unbounded model
checking tasks.

    


    
hardcaml_verilator: Hardcaml Verilator Simulation Backend

    


    
Very fast verilator-based simulations of Hardcaml circuits.

    


    
This library transparently compiles a verilator-based shared library, and links it back
to the running executable to be used as a Cyclesim simulation.

    


    
hardcaml_xilinx: Hardcaml wrappers for Xilinx memory primitives

    


    
The Hardcaml_xilinx library provides wrappers for Xilinx specific RAM and FIFO primitive
blocks. In many cases a simulation model is provided.

    


    
The Synthesis module implements various arithmetic and logical RTL components with
Xilinx LUT primitives.

    


    
hardcaml_xilinx_components: Hardcaml Xilinx component
definitions

    


    
A tool for reading Xilinx VHDL Unisim and XPM component definitions from a Vivado
installation and generating Hardcaml interfaces automatically.

    


    
hex_encode: Hexadecimal encoding library

    


    
This library implements hexadecimal encoding and decoding

    


    
hg_lib: A library that wraps the Mercurial command line interface

    


    
A library that wraps the Mercurial command line interface.

    


    
int_repr: Integers of various widths

    


    
Integers of various widths.

    


    
jsonaf: A library for parsing, manipulating, and serializing data
structured as JSON

    


    
A library for parsing, manipulating, and serializing data structured as JSON.

    


    
krb: A library for using Kerberos for both Rpc and Tcp communication

    


    
Jane Street's library for Kerberizing RPC connections so that

    

      

    • the server gets an authenticated principal (i.e. username) with
every incoming connection, and
      • 

    • RPC communication may be encrypted, if necessary.
      • 

    


    
magic-trace: Easy Intel Processor Trace Visualizer

    


    
Magic-trace makes it easy to record and visualize Intel Processor Trace data for
    debugging tricky performance issues.

    


    
ocaml-embed-file: Files contents as module constants

    


    
Embed-file takes some files and generates code for an OCaml module
defining string constants containing the contents of those files.

    


    
ocaml_intrinsics: Intrinsics

    


    
Provides functions to invoke amd64 instructions (such as clz,popcnt,rdtsc,rdpmc)
     when available, or compatible software implementation on other targets.

    


    
ocaml-probes: USDT probes for OCaml: command line tool

    


    
A tool for controlling user-space statically-defined tracing probes for OCaml.
Experimental.

    


    
ppx_css: A ppx that takes in css strings and produces a module for
accessing the unique names defined within

    


    
A ppx that takes in css strings and produces a module for accessing the unique names defined within.

    


    
ppx_disable_unused_warnings: Expands
[@disable_unused_warnings] into [@warning \"-20-26-32-33-34-35-36-37-38-39-60-66-67\"]

    


    
Part of the Jane Street's PPX rewriters collection.

    


    
ppx_ignore_instrumentation: Ignore Jane Street specific
instrumentation extensions

    


    
Ignore Jane Street specific instrumentation extensions from internal PPXs or compiler
   features not yet upstreamed.

    


    
ppx_jsonaf_conv: [@@deriving] plugin to generate Jsonaf conversion
functions

    


    
Part of the Jane Street's PPX rewriters collection.

    


    
ppx_typed_fields: GADT-based field accessors and utilities

    


    
Part of the Jane Street's PPX rewriters collection.

    


    
ppx_type_directed_value: Get [@@deriving]-style generation
of type-directed values without writing a ppx

    


    
Ppx_type_directed_value is a ppx that does [@@deriving]-style
generation of type-directed values based on user-provided modules. The
user-provided modules tell ppx_type_directed_value how to compose
type-directed values (for example, combine type-directed values of the
fields of a record to form a type-directed value for the record
itself).

    


    
This allows a wide variety of PPXs such as ppx_sexp_conv,
ppx_compare, ppx_enumerate, etc. to be implemented with
ppx_type_directed_value, but with some runtime cost.

    


    
This PPX currently supports deriving type-directed values for records, ordinary
& polymorphic variants and tuples. It also supports custom user-defined attributes
on record and variant fields.

    


    
profunctor: A library providing a signature for simple profunctors and
traversal of a record

    


    
This is a very small library which provides a signature for profunctor types
and operations which can be used to traverse a record with them based on
record_builder and the ppx_fields syntax extension.

    


    
redis-async: Redis client for Async applications

    


    
A client library for Redis versions 6 and higher.

    


    
Provides a strongly-typed API with transparent (de)serialization for application-defined
types.

    


    
Supports client tracking and internally uses the RESP3 protocol.

    


    
sexp_diff: Code for computing the diff of two sexps

    


    
The code behind the [diff] subcommand of the Jane Street's [sexp]
command line tool.

    


    
sexp_grammar: Sexp grammar helpers

    


    
Helpers for manipulating [Sexplib.Sexp_grammar] values.

    


    
sexp_string_quickcheck: Quickcheck helpers for strings
parsing to sexps

    


    
This library provides quickcheck generators, helpers, and shrinkers for
quickcheck-based tests that wish to exercise the concrete syntax of sexps,
including escape sequences and comments.

    


    
tracing: Tracing library

    


    
Utilities for creating and parsing traces in Fuchsia Trace Format.

    


    
username_kernel: An identifier for a user

    


    
A string representation for a user, typically a UNIX username

    

    

    

    

    





    

    EmelleTV Show - 2022
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/emelletv-show-2022/9613/1

    

    


    

    David Sancho announced
    

    

    
I'm creating a post as a header from this season of EmelleTV in 2020. Will use this post to share announcements,
new shows, gather feedback and invite you to watch and follow
https://www.twitch.tv/emelletv!

    


    
For the ones who doesn't know us, It's a streaming show that will happen once per month and will try to interview and
talk casually about OCaml, Reason, ReScript and their communities. Inviting interesting engineers and ask silly
questions about literally anything.

    


    
If can't attend live, we publish the VOD in youtube under
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCvVVfCa7-nzSuCdMKXnNJNQ.
You can re-watch some of the 2021 interviews, they were a ton of fun for me.

    


    
It's made by myself and @fakenickels.

    


    
Feel free to share any feedback, propose any guest or make fun of us ^^

    

    

    

    





    

    Open source editor for iOS, iPadOS and macOS
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/open-source-editor-for-ios-ipados-and-macos/7624/21

    

    


    

    Nathan Fallet announced
    

    

    
Just released the app on the Play Store for Android: Play
Store

    


    
Feel free to give your feedback as well. I tried to make it like the iOS/macOS version. For now, the only missing
feature is syntax highlighting, but I'm working on it (I still have a few bugs with it)

    

    

    

    





    

    The mysterious pointer in the runtime closure representation
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/the-mysterious-pointer-in-the-runtime-closure-representation/9560/7

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Yue Li Picasso announced
    

    

    
Thanks for your replies @silene @zozozo !  Due to project interest I need to understand the runtime value
representation. Now I released a little library for displaying runtime values in textual form:
OInspect.

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 12 Apr 2022 10:10:47 +0200
Message-ID: <87lewayb5k.fsf@m4x.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Pour une =C3=A9valuation ind=C3=A9pendante, transparente et rigoureuse !
Je soutiens la Commission d'=C3=89valuation de l'INRIA.

--=-=-=--

From mboxrd@z Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 12 to 19, 2022.

    





    

    Lwt informal user survey
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/lwt-informal-user-survey/9666/1

    

    


    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
In order to make some decisions relating to the maintenance of Lwt, I'd lik=
e to know a little bit more about how the
library is used in the wild. Do not hesitate to respond to the poll and/or =
as a message in this thread, or even to
contact me via other means in case discuss is not your jam.

    


    
Editor=E2=80=99s note: please follow the link above to reply to the surv=
ey.

    

    

    

    





    

    pyml_bindgen: a CLI app to generate Python bindings directly f=
rom OCaml value specifications
    

    

    
Archive: 

    Continuing this thread, Ryan Moore announced
    

    

    
I wrote a blog post providing an
introduction to pyml_bindgen.  It gives an intro in a slightly=
 different style as compared to the
docs and =
the
examples, and includes some of the latest
features I've been working on.

    

    

    

    





    

    Creating a library for use from JS with js_of_ocaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/creating-a-lib=
rary-for-use-from-js-with-js-of-ocaml/9523/5

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, threepwood said
    

    

    
Cautionary note for anyone reading this in the future: dynamic imports are =
asynchronous, and initializing the jsoo
runtime takes some milliseconds, so that if you just do:

    

    

    import("ocaml/export.bc.js");
var =
x =3D mylib.myfunction();

    

    

    
the second line will fail as mylib is not defined yet (at leas=
t this is what I think is happening). You need to
guarantee the module is done initializing in some way or other.

    

    

    



    

    Kim Nguy=E1=BB=85n then said
    

    

    
import should return a promise of the loaded module. So you ca=
n just await for it (if your current context allows
you to write await) or just :

    

    

     import("ocaml/export.bc.js").then ((_) =3D>=
; {

 mylib.myfunction();

});

    

    

    

    

    





    

    ocaml-lsp-server 1.11.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-server-1-11-0/9677/1

    

    


    

    Rudi Grinberg announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the ocamllsp team, I'm excited to announce the availability of=
 version 1.11.0. This release is an
important milestone for the project because it introduces integration with =
our favorite build system. When you run
dune in watch mode, you will now be able to see build errors in the diagnos=
tics panel of your editor. It's all rather
experimental for now, so your feedback and bug reports are appreciated.

    


    
As usual, the full change log is below.

    


    
Happy hacking.

    


    
1.11.0

    

    


    

    Features
    

    

      

    • Add support for dune in watch mode. The lsp server will now display bui=
ld
errors in the diagnostics and offer promotion code actions.
      • 


    • Re-introduce ocamlformat-rpc (#599, fixes #495)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Fixes
    

    

      

    • Fix workspace symbols that could have a wrong path in some cases
(#675)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml summer school in Spain, call for industry speakers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-summ=
er-school-in-spain-call-for-industry-speakers/9685/1

    

    


    

    Roberto Blanco announced
    

    

    
Dear all, Ricardo Rodr=C3=ADguez and I are organizing an introductory OCaml=
 course as part of the annual summer school of
the University of Zaragoza in Spain. (This is the oldest summer university =
in the country, nearing its centennial
anniversary!). The country's computing programs are quite excellent, althou=
gh we have found them to generally not pay
serious attention to modern functional programming. Our goal is to use OCam=
l to begin to address this dearth.

    


    
In addition to the regular academic program we are planning a satellite eve=
nt open to the general public. This is
meant to introduce the OCaml ecosystem to a wider audience of students and =
academics, as well as professionals. As
part of this, we would like to hold a round table discussion of industrial =
OCaml users to demonstrate the width and
depth of practical uses of the language. There will be time for participant=
s to present their work in more detail, if
they wish to do so.

    


    
If you may be interested in participating or have any questions, feel free =
to write to me here or send email to
either of us. The course is currently in its planning stages; it is schedul=
ed to take place in early to mid July, in
all likelihood in the city of Zaragoza and in hybrid format. The OCaml Soft=
ware Foundation is backing the initiative
and we thank them for their generous support.

    


    
Updated information about the course will be available on its website:
https://webdiis.unizar.es/evpf/=


    

    

    

    





    

    Dune 3.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-1-0/9690/1

    

    


    

    Rudi Grinberg announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the dune team, I'm pleased to announce version 3.1.0. This rel=
ease contains some small, but interesting
features, and some important quality of life bug fixes. I encourage everyon=
e to upgrade as soon as possible.

    


    
Happy Hacking.

    


    
3.1.0 (15/04/2022)

    


      

    • Add sourcehut as an option for defining project sources in=
 dune-project
files. For example, (source (sourcehut user/repo)). (#5564, @r=
grinberg)
      • 


    • Add dune coq top command for running a Coq toplevel (#5457=
, @rlepigre)
      • 


    • Fix dune exec dumping database in wrong directory (#5544, @bobot)
      • 


    • Always output absolute paths for locations in RPC reported diagnostics
(#5539, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Add (deps <deps>) in ctype field (#5346, @bobot)
      • 


    • Add (include <file>) constructor to dependency speci=
fications. This can be
used to introduce dynamic dependencies (#5442, @anmonteiro)
      • 


    • Ensure that dune describe computes a transitively closed s=
et of
libraries (#5395, @esope)
      • 


    • Add direct dependencies to $ dune describe output (#5412, @esope)
      • 


    • Show auto-detected concurrency on Windows too (#5502, @MisterDA)
      • 


    • Fix operations that remove folders with absolute path. This happens when
using esy (#5507, @EduardoRFS)
      • 


    • Dune will not fail if some directories are non-empty when uninstalling.
(#5543, fixes #5542, @nojb)
      • 


    • coqdep now depends only on the filesystem layout of the .v=
 files,
and not on their contents (#5547, helps with #5100, @ejgallego)
      • 


    • The mdx stanza 0.2 can now be used with (implicit_transitive_deps=
 false)
(#5558, fixes #5499, @emillon)
      • 


    • Fix missing parenthesis in printing of corresponding terminal command f=
or
(with-outputs-to ) (#5551, fixes #5546, @Alizter)
      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




--==-=-=--

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Pour une =C3=A9valuation ind=C3=A9pendante, transparente et rigoureuse !
Je soutiens la Commission d'=C3=89valuation de l'INRIA.

--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 26 Apr 2022 08:44:33 +0200
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 19 to 26,
2022.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Multicore OCaml: March 2022
OUPS meetup may 2022 (french only)
JFLA 2022: Call for Participation (in French)
Old CWN


Multicore OCaml: March 2022
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the March 2022 [Multicore OCaml] monthly report! This
  update along with the [previous updates] have been compiled by me,
  @ctk21, @kayceesrk and @shakthimaan.

  We have continued steadily towards making a stable OCaml 5.0 release,
  as you can see from the long list of fixes later =E2=80=93 thank you for =
all
  your contributions! Platform configurations that were formerly
  supported in the 4.x branches for OpenBSD, FreeBSD, and NetBSD have
  now been re-enabled. ARM64 support (for macOS, Linux and the BSDs) is
  stable in trunk, and ARM CFI integration has been merged as a
  follow-up to facilitate debugging and profiling.  Notably, this also
  includes [memory model tests for ARMv8 and Power ports]. The Windows
  mingw64 port is also working again in trunk.

  An [effects tutorial] has also been contributed to the OCaml manual;
  feedback continues to be welcome even after it's merged in.  As you
  experiment with effects, please do continue to post to this forum with
  questions or comments about your learnings.

  The Sandmark benchmark project has added bytecode analysis to address
  any performance regressions. We have also been working on obtaining
  measurements for the compilation data points. The current-bench
  pipeline production deployments has significant UI changes, and now
  has alert notifications for the benchmark runs.

  As always, the Multicore OCaml open and completed tasks are listed
  first, which are then followed by the ecosystem tooling projects. The
  Sandmark, sandmark-nightly, and current-bench project updates are
  finally presented for your reference.

  /Editor=E2=80=99s note: please find the full changelog following the arch=
ive
  link above./


[Multicore OCaml] 

[previous updates] 

[memory model tests for ARMv8 and Power ports]


[effects tutorial] 


OUPS meetup may 2022 (french only)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


zapashcanon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Le prochain OUPS aura lieu le *jeudi 12 mai* 2022. Le rendez-vous est
  fix=C3=A9 =C3=A0 *19h* en *salle 15-16 101* , *4 place Jussieu* , 75005 P=
aris.

  *L'inscription est obligatoire* pour pouvoir acc=C3=A9der au meetup ! Vot=
re
  nom complet doit =C3=AAtre disponible.  L'inscription s'effectue sur
  [meetup].

  Toutes les informations sont disponibles sur [le site du oups].

  J'aimerais aussi signaler que les slides et vid=C3=A9os des expos=C3=A9s =
pass=C3=A9s
  [sont maintenant disponibles] ! :partying_face:

  *Programme*


[meetup] 

[le site du oups] 

[sont maintenant disponibles] 

Gospel & Ortac - Cl=C3=A9ment Pascutto
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Gospel is a behavioural specification language for OCaml program. It
  provides developers with a non-invasive and easy-to-use syntax to
  annotate their module interfaces with formal contracts that describe
  type invariants, mutability, function pre-conditions and
  post-conditions, effects, exceptions, and [much more]!

  ortac: OCaml Runtime Assertion Checking.


[much more] 


MirageOS 4 - Romain Calascibetta
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  MirageOS 4 vient de sortir r=C3=A9cemment et c'est l'occasion de
  (re)pr=C3=A9senter ce projet permettant de construire des unikernels. Nous
  y pr=C3=A9senterons les nouvelles features et possibilit=C3=A9s et nous f=
erons
  une introspection de 3 ans de travail de l'=C3=A9quipe core.


Tezt: OCaml Tezos Test Framework - Romain Bardou
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Tezt is a test framework for OCaml. It is well suited for unit and
  regression tests and particularly shines for integration tests,
  i.e. tests that launch external processes. It was made with a focus on
  user experience. It allows you to easily select tests from the
  command-line and provides pretty logs. It also can run tests in
  parallel, automatically split the set of tests into several
  well-balanced batches to be run in parellel CI jobs, produce JUnit
  outputs, and more. It has been in use at Nomadic for the last 2 years
  and is thus quite battle-tested.


JFLA 2022: Call for Participation (in French)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Timothy Bourke announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [ This message is intentionally written in French. It is a call for
  participation for the "Francophone Days on Functional Languages" to be
  held, finally and fingers crossed, at the end of June. Some of the
  articles are written in English. They are available online:
   ]

  *Merci de faire circuler : premier appel =C3=A0 participation*

  JFLA'2022 ()

  Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs

  Saint-M=C3=A9dard-d'Excideuil - du 28 juin au 1er juillet 2022

  Les inscriptions aux JFLA 2022 - en pr=C3=A9sence ! - sont d=C3=A9sormais
  ouvertes :

  

  Ces journ=C3=A9es r=C3=A9unissent concepteurs, utilisateurs et th=C3=A9or=
iciens ;
  elles ont pour ambition de couvrir les domaines des langages
  applicatifs, de la preuve formelle, de la v=C3=A9rification de programmes,
  et des objets math=C3=A9matiques qui sous-tendent ces outils. Ces domaines
  doivent =C3=AAtre pris au sens large : nous souhaitons promouvoir les pon=
ts
  entre les diff=C3=A9rentes th=C3=A9matiques.

  L'inscription est un forfait qui comprend notamment l'h=C3=A9bergement en
  pension compl=C3=A8te sur le site des journ=C3=A9es :
  =E2=80=A2 participant=C2=B7e plein tarif, chambre simple : 660 euros
  =E2=80=A2 =C3=A9tudiant=C2=B7e orateur=C2=B7ice, en chambre double : 0 eu=
ro

  Nous esp=C3=A9rons que vous serez nombreux =C3=A0 participer =C3=A0 ces j=
ourn=C3=A9es.
  Inscrivez-vous d=C3=A8s que possible ! En particulier, les =C3=A9tudiant=
=C2=B7es
  orateur=C2=B7ices sont invit=C3=A9=C2=B7es =C3=A0 s'inscrire, m=C3=AAme s=
'ils ne paient pas
  gr=C3=A2ce =C3=A0 nos sponsors.

  Vous pouvez d'ores et d=C3=A9j=C3=A0 vous inscrire au salon de discussion
  framateam afin d'=C3=A9changer ensemble :
  

  Tout le programme est =C3=A0 retrouver ici :
  


Dates importantes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  =E2=80=A2 17 juin 2022 : date limite d'inscription aux journ=C3=A9es
  =E2=80=A2 28 juin au 1er juillet 2022 : journ=C3=A9es


Cours invit=C3=A9s
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Delphine Demange (IRISA, Universit=C3=A9 de Rennes 1) "Si2-FIP:
    Programmation Fonctionnelle en Licence 1 avec Scala"

  =E2=80=A2 Denis M=C3=A9rigoux (Inria) "Rust pour le formaliste impatient"


Expos=C3=A9 invit=C3=A9
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Matthias Puech (INA GRM) Titre =C3=A0 venir - avec une surprise=
 !


Articles accept=C3=A9s
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  L'ensemble des articles accept=C3=A9s est disponible sous forme d'une
  collection HAL : 


Comit=C3=A9 de programme
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Chantal Keller LMF, Universit=C3=A9 Paris-Saclay (Pr=C3=A9siden=
te)
  =E2=80=A2 Timothy Bourke Inria, =C3=89NS de Paris (Vice-pr=C3=A9sident)

  =E2=80=A2 Sandrine Blazy Irisa, Universit=C3=A9 Rennes 1
  =E2=80=A2 Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour Tarides - Inria
  =E2=80=A2 Guillaume Bury OcamlPro
  =E2=80=A2 Stefania Dumbrava Samovar, ENSIIE, T=C3=A9l=C3=A9com Sud Paris
  =E2=80=A2 Diane Gallois-Wong Nomadic Labs
  =E2=80=A2 Adrien Guatto IRIF, Universit=C3=A9 de Paris
  =E2=80=A2 David Janin LaBRI, Universit=C3=A9 de Bordeaux
  =E2=80=A2 Marie Kerjean LIPN, Universit=C3=A9 Paris 13
  =E2=80=A2 Luc Pellissier LACL, Universit=C3=A9 Paris-Est Cr=C3=A9teil
  =E2=80=A2 M=C3=A1rio Pereira NOVA-LINCS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
  =E2=80=A2 Alix Trieu Aarhus University
  =E2=80=A2 Yannick Zakowski LIP, Inria, =C3=89NS de Lyon


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--==-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 19 to 26, 2022.

    





    

    Multicore OCaml: March 2022
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-march-2022/9692/1

    

    


    

    Anil Madhavapeddy announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the March 2022 Multicore OCaml monthly report! This
update along with the previous updates have been compiled by me,
@ctk21, @kayceesrk and @shakthimaan.

    


    
We have continued steadily towards making a stable OCaml 5.0 release, as yo=
u can see from the long list of fixes
later – thank you for all your contributions! Platform configuration=
s that were formerly supported in the 4.x
branches for OpenBSD, FreeBSD, and NetBSD have now been re-enabled. ARM64 s=
upport (for macOS, Linux and the BSDs) is
stable in trunk, and ARM CFI integration has been merged as a follow-up to =
facilitate debugging and profiling.
Notably, this also includes memory model tests for ARMv8 and Power
ports. The Windows mingw64 port is also working again in trunk.

    


    
An effects tutorial has also been contributed to the OCaml manual;
feedback continues to be welcome even after it's merged in.  As you experim=
ent with effects, please do continue to
post to this forum with questions or comments about your learnings.

    


    
The Sandmark benchmark project has added bytecode analysis to address any p=
erformance regressions. We have also been
working on obtaining measurements for the compilation data points. The curr=
ent-bench pipeline production deployments
has significant UI changes, and now has alert notifications for the benchma=
rk runs.

    


    
As always, the Multicore OCaml open and completed tasks are listed first, w=
hich are then followed by the ecosystem
tooling projects. The Sandmark, sandmark-nightly, and current-bench project=
 updates are finally presented for your
reference.

    


    
Editor=E2=80=99s note: please find the full changelog following the arch=
ive link above.

    

    

    

    





    

    OUPS meetup may 2022 (french only)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetup-may-2022-french-only/=
9715/1

    

    


    

    zapashcanon announced
    

    

    
Le prochain OUPS aura lieu le jeudi 12 mai 2022. Le rendez-vous est =
fix=C3=A9 =C3=A0 19h en salle 15-16 101 , 4
place Jussieu , 75005 Paris.

    


    
L'inscription est obligatoire pour pouvoir acc=C3=A9der au meetup ! =
Votre nom complet doit =C3=AAtre disponible.
L'inscription s'effectue sur meetup.

    


    
Toutes les informations sont disponibles sur le site du oups.

    


    
J'aimerais aussi signaler que les slides et vid=C3=A9os des expos=C3=A9s pa=
ss=C3=A9s sont maintenant
disponibles ! :partying_face:

    


    
Programme

    

    


    

    Gospel & Ortac - Cl=C3=A9ment Pascutto
    

    

    
Gospel is a behavioural specification language for OCaml program. It provid=
es developers with a non-invasive and
easy-to-use syntax to annotate their module interfaces with formal contract=
s that describe type invariants,
mutability, function pre-conditions and post-conditions, effects, exception=
s, and much
more!

    


    
ortac: OCaml Runtime Assertion Checking.

    

    

    


    

    MirageOS 4 - Romain Calascibetta
    

    

    
MirageOS 4 vient de sortir r=C3=A9cemment et c'est l'occasion de (re)pr=C3=
=A9senter ce projet permettant de construire des
unikernels. Nous y pr=C3=A9senterons les nouvelles features et possibilit=
=C3=A9s et nous ferons une introspection de 3 ans de
travail de l'=C3=A9quipe core.

    

    

    


    

    Tezt: OCaml Tezos Test Framework - Romain Bardou
    

    

    
Tezt is a test framework for OCaml. It is well suited for unit and regressi=
on tests and particularly shines for
integration tests, i.e. tests that launch external processes. It was made w=
ith a focus on user experience. It allows
you to easily select tests from the command-line and provides pretty logs. =
It also can run tests in parallel,
automatically split the set of tests into several well-balanced batches to =
be run in parellel CI jobs, produce JUnit
outputs, and more. It has been in use at Nomadic for the last 2 years and i=
s thus quite battle-tested.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    JFLA 2022: Call for Participation (in French)
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-04/msg00008.html=


    

    


    

    Timothy Bourke announced
    

    

    
[ This message is intentionally written in French. It is a call for
participation for the "Francophone Days on Functional Languages" to be
held, finally and fingers crossed, at the end of June. Some of the
articles are written in English. They are available online:
https://hal.inria.fr/JFLA2022/ ]

    


    
Merci de faire circuler : premier appel =C3=A0 participation

    


    
JFLA'2022 (http://jfla.inria=
.fr/jfla2022.html)

    


    
Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs

    


    
Saint-M=C3=A9dard-d'Excideuil - du 28 juin au 1er juillet 2022

    


    
Les inscriptions aux JFLA 2022 - en pr=C3=A9sence ! - sont d=C3=A9sormais o=
uvertes :

    


    
https://www.azur-colloque.fr/DR04/inscription/preinscription/203/fr

    


    
Ces journ=C3=A9es r=C3=A9unissent concepteurs, utilisateurs et th=C3=A9oric=
iens ;
elles ont pour ambition de couvrir les domaines des langages
applicatifs, de la preuve formelle, de la v=C3=A9rification de programmes,
et des objets math=C3=A9matiques qui sous-tendent ces outils. Ces domaines
doivent =C3=AAtre pris au sens large : nous souhaitons promouvoir les ponts
entre les diff=C3=A9rentes th=C3=A9matiques.

    


    
L'inscription est un forfait qui comprend notamment l'h=C3=A9bergement en
pension compl=C3=A8te sur le site des journ=C3=A9es :

    

      

    • participant=C2=B7e plein tarif, chambre simple : 660 euros
      • 

    • =C3=A9tudiant=C2=B7e orateur=C2=B7ice, en chambre double : 0 euro
      • 

    


    
Nous esp=C3=A9rons que vous serez nombreux =C3=A0 participer =C3=A0 ces jou=
rn=C3=A9es.
Inscrivez-vous d=C3=A8s que possible ! En particulier, les =C3=A9tudiant=C2=
=B7es
orateur=C2=B7ices sont invit=C3=A9=C2=B7es =C3=A0 s'inscrire, m=C3=AAme s'i=
ls ne paient pas
gr=C3=A2ce =C3=A0 nos sponsors.

    


    
Vous pouvez d'ores et d=C3=A9j=C3=A0 vous inscrire au salon de discussion f=
ramateam afin
d'=C3=A9changer ensemble :
https://framateam.org/signup_user_complete/?id=3Dgnbebtncubnbp=
e96ok9kam8t9y

    


    
Tout le programme est =C3=A0 retrouver ici : http://jfla.inria.fr/jfla2022.html

    

    


    

    Dates importantes
    

    

      

    • 17 juin 2022 : date limite d'inscription aux journ=C3=A9es
      • 

    • 28 juin au 1er juillet 2022 : journ=C3=A9es
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Cours invit=C3=A9s
    

    

      

    • Delphine Demange (IRISA, Universit=C3=A9 de Rennes 1)
"Si2-FIP: Programmation Fonctionnelle en Licence 1 avec Scala"
      • 


    • Denis M=C3=A9rigoux (Inria)
"Rust pour le formaliste impatient"
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Expos=C3=A9 invit=C3=A9
    

    

      

    • Matthias Puech (INA GRM)
Titre =C3=A0 venir - avec une surprise !
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Articles accept=C3=A9s
    

    

    
L'ensemble des articles accept=C3=A9s est disponible sous forme d'une
collection HAL :
     https://hal.inria.fr/JFLA202=
2

    

    

    


    

    Comit=C3=A9 de programme
    

    

      

    • Chantal Keller  LMF, Universit=C3=A9 Paris-Saclay    (Pr=C3=A9sidente)<=
/li>

    • Timothy Bourke  Inria, =C3=89NS de Paris         (Vice-pr=C3=A9sident)<=
/li>


    • Sandrine Blazy          Irisa, Universit=C3=A9 Rennes 1
      • 

    • Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour           Tarides - Inria
      • 

    • Guillaume Bury          OcamlPro
      • 

    • Stefania Dumbrava       Samovar, ENSIIE, T=C3=A9l=C3=A9com Sud Paris

    • Diane Gallois-Wong      Nomadic Labs
      • 

    • Adrien Guatto           IRIF, Universit=C3=A9 de Paris
      • 

    • David Janin             LaBRI, Universit=C3=A9 de Bordeaux
      • 

    • Marie Kerjean           LIPN, Universit=C3=A9 Paris 13
      • 

    • Luc Pellissier          LACL, Universit=C3=A9 Paris-Est Cr=C3=A9teil

    • M=C3=A1rio Pereira           NOVA-LINCS, Universidade Nova de Lisboa

    • Alix Trieu              Aarhus University
      • 

    • Yannick Zakowski        LIP, Inria, =C3=89NS de Lyon
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




--==-=-=--

--=-=-=
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Pour une =C3=A9valuation ind=C3=A9pendante, transparente et rigoureuse !
Je soutiens la Commission d'=C3=89valuation de l'INRIA.

--=-=-=--


From mboxrd@z Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 26 to May
03, 2022.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

ATD now supports TypeScript
pp_loc 2.0
Windows-friendly OCaml 4.12 distribution - Diskuv OCaml 0.1.0
V3.ocaml.org: we are live!
Remaking an Old Game in OCaml
Old CWN


ATD now supports TypeScript
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Martin Jambon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [ATD] is a language for specifying typed interfaces for communicating
  across programming languages. It turns concrete type definitions
  ("schema") into code for each language. This code can read and write
  JSON safely, relieving the user of worrying about the structure of the
  JSON data.

  Starting from version 2.5.0, ATD provides `atdts', a single executable
  that turns a file `foo.atd' into `foo.ts'. See the [tutorial] for an
  introduction. The programming languages targeted by ATD are now:

  =E2=80=A2 Java
  =E2=80=A2 OCaml
  =E2=80=A2 Python + mypy
  =E2=80=A2 ReScript (BuckleScript)
  =E2=80=A2 Scala
  =E2=80=A2 TypeScript

  For an expert overview of the features that are currently supported,
  check out the test data:
  =E2=80=A2 [ATD input]
  =E2=80=A2 [TypeScript output]

  See also the [announcement for atdpy] that we made a month ago.


[ATD] 

[tutorial] 

[ATD input]


[TypeScript output]


[announcement for atdpy]



pp_loc 2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Armael announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Do you know how OCaml now displays errors by quoting back part of the
  source, highlighting the faulty part? For instance, with a single-line
  error location:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 File "foo.ml", line 1, characters 12-14:
  =E2=94=82 1 | let foo x =3D yy + 1;;
  =E2=94=82                 ^^
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or a multi-line location:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 File "bar.ml", lines 3-5, characters 10-10:
  =E2=94=82 3 | ..........function
  =E2=94=82 4 |   | A -> 0
  =E2=94=82 5 |   | B -> 1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Do you have your own language/configuration file/=E2=80=A6 parser or
  typechecker, that could benefit from nice, user-friendly error
  messages?

  The [pp_loc] library provides an easy-to-use implementation of the
  same source-quoting mechanism that is used in the OCaml compiler. It
  provides a single function `pp' which will display the relevant part
  of the input given the location(s) of the error.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val pp :
  =E2=94=82   ?max_lines:int ->
  =E2=94=82   input:Input.t ->
  =E2=94=82   Format.formatter ->
  =E2=94=82   loc list ->
  =E2=94=82   unit
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  (As one can see from the signature, `pp' also supports displaying
  several locations at once on the same source snippet, for
  multi-location errors.)

  The full [documentation is available online], and the library is
  available on opam (`opam install pp_loc').

  This new version, thanks to the contribution of @c-cube, makes the
  `loc' type more flexible. It should now be easy to create source
  locations that can be passed to `pp', however you represent them in
  your parser (be it as (line,column) pairs, offsets, or any combination
  of those=E2=80=A6). For more details, see the [Pp_loc.Position] module.

  I am completely open to more PRs or ideas for improving the library
  further, and displaying source locations in even nicer ways!

  Happy error-message printing!


[pp_loc] 

[documentation is available online]


[Pp_loc.Position]



Windows-friendly OCaml 4.12 distribution - Diskuv OCaml 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A single `setup-*.exe' executable is now all that is necessary to
  install the Diskuv OCaml distribution on 64-bit Windows!

  Today you can use a prerelease of v0.4.0 which is available at
  

  The prerelease:
  =E2=80=A2 is for *experienced Windows users only* because the prerelease =
is
    not signed! You will have to fight with your browser, operating
    system and anti-virus software to run the setup executable
  =E2=80=A2 is *not reproducible*. Because many Diskuv packages have not yet
    made it into Opam, the builds need several `opam pin' of unstable
    branches.
  =E2=80=A2 has not been incorporated into the
     documentation site. But the
    [Beyond Basics] documentation should still be accurate.

  Once those items above are addressed, a real (non-prerelease) 0.4.0
  will be announced.

        Existing Diskuv OCaml users: Your existing Opam switches
        should be unaffected by the upgrade. But please make sure
        you can recreate your Opam switches (ie. use a `.opam'
        file) if something goes wrong.

  Release notes, including details of the migration to the Apache 2.0
  license, are at available at
  [https://github.com/diskuv/dkml-installer-ocaml/releases/tag/v0.4.0-prere=
l11]


[Beyond Basics]


[https://github.com/diskuv/dkml-installer-ocaml/releases/tag/v0.4.0-prerel1=
1]



V3.ocaml.org: we are live!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am thrilled to announce that  now serves version
  3 of the site! Here's an overview of the major features in this new
  version:

  =E2=80=A2 [Central OCaml package documentation], which contains the
    documentation of every version of every OCaml packages.
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml job board], which lists job opportunities from the commu=
nity.
  =E2=80=A2 [A syndicated blog], which links to blog articles from the comm=
unity
    and offers original blog posts.
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml success stories] which explore how major OCaml industrial
    users solved real-world challenges using OCaml.
  =E2=80=A2 [Resources for learning OCaml], which aggregates resources and
    tutorials to learn OCaml.
  =E2=80=A2 [An interactive OCaml playground] to try OCaml code directly in=
 the
    browser.

  Version 2 remains accessible at , and older
  URLs to ocaml.org will be redirected to the v2 URL from now
  on. Similarly, v3.ocaml.org URLs will continue to work.

  Community feedback was instrumental and has been driving the direction
  of the project since day one. For instance, having a centralized
  package documentation site; or facilitating the hiring of OCaml
  developers and finding OCaml jobs were major concerns that were
  highlighted in the last [OCaml Survey]. They were what prompted us to
  work on the documentation site and the job board respectively.

  We've also listened to the community feedback we received along the
  way, and in particular, here's an overview of everything we've been
  doing to address the feedback we received after our last Discuss post:
  .

  Given how critical your input is to drive the project, I am deeply
  grateful to every one who took the time to share insights, suggestions
  and bug reports. Some of the suggestions will need more work and
  couldn't happen before launch, but we've listened to every one and
  will keep working on improving OCaml.org to address pain points of the
  community.  Thank you, and keep the feedback coming!

  We're also starting to see a lot of contributions from external
  contributors. OCaml.org is open source, and contributions from anyone
  are extremely welcome! Never hesitate to open a PR if you see
  something you'd like to improve! You can read our [Contributing Guide]
  to learn how to contribute.


[Central OCaml package documentation] 

[OCaml job board] 

[A syndicated blog] 

[OCaml success stories] 

[Resources for learning OCaml] 

[An interactive OCaml playground] 

[OCaml Survey]


[Contributing Guide]


Ecosystem Contributions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As the storefront of the OCaml ecosystem, we couldn't develop the next
  version of OCaml.org without contributing back! As a result, we've
  published several packages on opam that we're using for OCaml.org:

  =E2=80=A2 [dream-accept]: Accept headers parsing for Dream
  =E2=80=A2 [dream-encoding]: Encoding primitives for Dream.
  =E2=80=A2 [hilite]: Generate HTML ready for syntax-highlighting with CSS =
by
    parsing markdown documents.

  Other packages that are yet to be released are:

  =E2=80=A2 [code-mirror]: The code-mirror bindings
  =E2=80=A2 [js_top_worker]: An OCaml toplevel designed to run in a web wor=
ker

  We've also made contributions downstream:

  =E2=80=A2 odoc: [Support for HTML fragments in odoc]
  =E2=80=A2 river: [API changes and capability to fetch metadata from RSS p=
ost
    links]

  A huge thank you to the community for your constant effort in making
  OCaml such a great language to work with! In particular, here are some
  amazing community projects we are building upon: [Dream], [Brr] and
  [Omd] and [many more]


[dream-accept] 

[dream-encoding] 

[hilite] 

[code-mirror]


[js_top_worker] 

[Support for HTML fragments in odoc]


[API changes and capability to fetch metadata from RSS post links]


[Dream] 

[Brr] 

[Omd] 

[many more] 


What's next?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Launching the website is the first step on our roadmap to improve
  OCaml=E2=80=99s online presence.

  As mentioned above, the immediate goal is to be ready for this OCaml
  5.00.0 release. With this in mind, we want to focus on improving the
  documentation and ensuring it includes good user pathways to learn
  about Domains, Effects, and generally how to write concurrent programs
  in OCaml.

  In addition to the documentation, some of the other projects on our
  roadmap are:

  =E2=80=A2 Toplevels for all the packages that compile to JavaScript.
  =E2=80=A2 Including OCaml Weekly News in the OCaml blog.
  =E2=80=A2 A better search through packages, documentation, and packages'
    documentation.

  This is an exciting time! Stay tuned!


Call for maintainers
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  There's a lot of ways to contribute if you'd like to help. Our
  [contributing guide] should be a good entry point to learn what you
  can do as a community contributor.

  We're also looking for maintainers. As we're completing the first
  milestone with the launch and will start working on new projects, now
  is a great time to get involved!

  If you'd like to help on the initiatives on our roadmap above (or
  others!), feel free to reach out to me by email at
  thibaut@tarides.com, or by replying to this post.


[contributing guide]



Acknowledgements
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This project was a huge effort that started over a year ago, and the
  result of dozens of [contributors]. We want to thank every one who
  contributed to the site.

  In particular, for the groundwork on rethinking the sitemap, user
  flows, new content, design, and frontend and package docs, we thank
  Ashish Agarwal, Kanishka Azimi, Richard Davison, Patrick Ferris, Gemma
  Gordon, Isabella Leandersson, Thibaut Mattio and Anil Madhavapeddy.

  For the work on the package site infrastructure and UI, we thank Jon
  Ludlam, Jules Aguillon and Lucas Pluvinage. And for the work on the
  designs and bringing them to life on the frontend, we thank Isabella
  Leandersson and Asaad Mahmood.

  For the work on the new content and reviewing the existing one, we
  thank Christine Rose and Isabella Leandersson.

  For the contributions on the content for Ahrefs, Jane Street and
  LexiFi respectively, we thank Louis Roch=C3=A9, James Somers, Nicol=C3=A1=
s Ojeda
  B=C3=A4r.

  We=E2=80=99d also like to thank the major funders who supported the work =
on
  revamping the website: grants from the Tezos Foundation, Jane Street
  and Tarides facilitated the bulk of the work. Thank you, and if anyone
  else wishes to help support it on an ongoing basis then donations to
  the OCaml Software Foundation and grants to the maintenance teams
  mentioned above are always welcomed.


[contributors] 


Remaking an Old Game in OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yotam Barnoy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've starting blogging about a [side-project of mine]. Hopefully I'll
  find the time to write some further entries in the series, including
  about reverse engineering a binary with IDA.


[side-project of mine]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 26 to May 03, 2=
022.

    





    

    ATD now supports TypeScript
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/atd-now-supports-typescript/9735/1

    

    


    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
ATD is a language for specify=
ing typed interfaces for communicating across
programming languages. It turns concrete type definitions ("schema") into c=
ode for each language. This code can read
and write JSON safely, relieving the user of worrying about the structure o=
f the JSON data.

    


    
Starting from version 2.5.0, ATD provides atdts, a single exec=
utable that turns a file foo.atd into foo.ts. See
the t=
utorial for an introduction. The programming
languages targeted by ATD are now:

    


      

    • Java
      • 

    • OCaml
      • 

    • Python + mypy
      • 

    • ReScript (BuckleScript)
      • 

    • Scala
      • 

    • TypeScript
      • 

    


    
For an expert overview of the features that are currently supported, check =
out the test data:

    



    
See also the announcement for atdpy
that we made a month ago.

    

    

    

    





    

    pp_loc 2.0
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-pp-loc-2-0/9741/1

    

    


    

    Armael announced
    

    

    
Do you know how OCaml now displays errors by quoting back part of the sourc=
e, highlighting the faulty part? For
instance, with a single-line error location:

    

    File "foo.ml", line 1, characters 12-14:
1 | let foo x =3D yy + 1;;
                ^^

    

    
or a multi-line location:

    

    File "bar.ml", lines 3-5, characters 10-10:
3 | ..........function
4 |   | A -> 0
5 |   | B -> 1

    


    
Do you have your own language/configuration file/… parser or typeche=
cker, that could benefit from nice,
user-friendly error messages?

    


    
The pp_loc library provide=
s an easy-to-use implementation of the same
source-quoting mechanism that is used in the OCaml compiler. It provides a =
single function pp which will display
the relevant part of the input given the location(s) of the error.

    


    

    val pp :
  ?max_lines:int ->
  input:Input.t ->
  Format.formatter ->
  loc list ->
  unit

    

    

    
(As one can see from the signature, pp also supports displayin=
g several locations at once on the same source
snippet, for multi-location errors.)

    


    
The full documentation is available online, and the
library is available on opam (opam install pp_loc).

    


    
This new version, thanks to the contribution of @c-cube, makes the lo=
c type more flexible. It should now be easy to
create source locations that can be passed to pp, however you =
represent them in your parser (be it as (line,column)
pairs, offsets, or any combination of those…). For more details, see=
 the
Pp_loc.Position module.

    


    
I am completely open to more PRs or ideas for improving the library further=
, and displaying source locations in even
nicer ways!

    


    
Happy error-message printing!

    

    

    

    





    

    Windows-friendly OCaml 4.12 distribution - Diskuv OCaml 0.1.0<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-windows-friendly-ocaml-4-12-distribution-diskuv-ocaml-0-1-0/8358/18

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
A single setup-*.exe executable is now all that is necessary t=
o install the Diskuv OCaml distribution on 64-bit
Windows!

    


    
Today you can use a prerelease of v0.4.0 which is available at
https://githu=
b.com/diskuv/dkml-installer-ocaml/releases/download/v0.4.0-prerel11/setup-d=
iskuv-ocaml-windows_x86_64-0.4.0.exe

    


    
The prerelease:

    

      

    • is for experienced Windows users only because the prerelease is =
not signed! You will have to fight with your browser, operating system and =
anti-virus software to run the setup executable
      • 

    • is not reproducible. Because many Diskuv packages have not yet m=
ade it into Opam, the builds need several opam pin of unstable=
 branches.
      • 

    • has not been incorporated into the https://diskuv.gitlab.io/diskuv-ocaml documentation site.=
 But the Beyond Basics documentation should still be accurate=
.
      • 

    


    
Once those items above are addressed, a real (non-prerelease) 0.4.0 will be=
 announced.

    


    

    
Existing Diskuv OCaml users: Your existing Opam switches should be unaffect=
ed by the upgrade. But please make sure
you can recreate your Opam switches (ie. use a .opam file) if =
something goes wrong.

    

    


    
Release notes, including details of the migration to the Apache 2.0 license=
, are at available at
https://github.com/diskuv/dkml-installer-ocaml/releases/tag/v0=
.4.0-prerel11

    

    

    

    





    

    V3.ocaml.org: we are live!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/v3-ocaml-org-we-are-live/9747/1

    

    


    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
I am thrilled to announce that https://ocaml=
.org/ now serves version 3 of the site! Here's an overview of the major
features in this new version:

    




    
Version 2 remains accessible at https://v=
2.ocaml.org/, and older URLs to ocaml.org will be redirected to the v2 =
URL
from now on. Similarly, v3.ocaml.org URLs will continue to work.

    


    
Community feedback was instrumental and has been driving the direction of t=
he project since day one. For instance,
having a centralized package documentation site; or facilitating the hiring=
 of OCaml developers and finding OCaml
jobs were major concerns that were highlighted in the last OCaml
Survey. They were what prompted us to work on the
documentation site and the job board respectively.

    


    
We've also listened to the community feedback we received along the way, an=
d in particular, here's an overview of
everything we've been doing to address the feedback we received after our l=
ast Discuss post:
https://hackmd.io/IniI=
M_p3Qs2UB74cuKK7UQ.

    


    
Given how critical your input is to drive the project, I am deeply grateful=
 to every one who took the time to share
insights, suggestions and bug reports. Some of the suggestions will need mo=
re work and couldn't happen before launch,
but we've listened to every one and will keep working on improving OCaml.or=
g to address pain points of the community.
Thank you, and keep the feedback coming!

    


    
We're also starting to see a lot of contributions from external contributor=
s. OCaml.org is open source, and
contributions from anyone are extremely welcome! Never hesitate to open a P=
R if you see something you'd like to
improve! You can read our Contributing Guide to learn
how to contribute.

    

    


    

    Ecosystem Contributions
    

    

    
As the storefront of the OCaml ecosystem, we couldn't develop the next vers=
ion of OCaml.org without contributing
back! As a result, we've published several packages on opam that we're usin=
g for OCaml.org:

    




    
Other packages that are yet to be released are:

    




    
We've also made contributions downstream:

    

    


    
A huge thank you to the community for your constant effort in making OCaml =
such a great language to work with! In
particular, here are some amazing community projects we are building upon: =
Dream,
Brr and Omd and many
more

    

    

    


    

    What's next?
    

    

    
Launching the website is the first step on our roadmap to improve OCaml=E2=
=80=99s online presence.

    


    
As mentioned above, the immediate goal is to be ready for this OCaml 5.00.0=
 release. With this in mind, we want to
focus on improving the documentation and ensuring it includes good user pat=
hways to learn about Domains, Effects, and
generally how to write concurrent programs in OCaml.

    


    
In addition to the documentation, some of the other projects on our roadmap=
 are:

    


      

    • Toplevels for all the packages that compile to JavaScript.
      • 

    • Including OCaml Weekly News in the OCaml blog.
      • 

    • A better search through packages, documentation, and packages' document=
ation.
      • 

    


    
This is an exciting time! Stay tuned!

    

    

    


    

    Call for maintainers
    

    

    
There's a lot of ways to contribute if you'd like to help. Our contributing
guide should be a good entry point to learn what you
can do as a community contributor.

    


    
We're also looking for maintainers. As we're completing the first milestone=
 with the launch and will start working on
new projects, now is a great time to get involved!

    


    
If you'd like to help on the initiatives on our roadmap above (or others!),=
 feel free to reach out to me by email at
thibaut@tarides.com, or by replying to this post.

    

    

    


    

    Acknowledgements
    

    

    
This project was a huge effort that started over a year ago, and the result=
 of dozens of
contribu=
tors. We want to thank every one who contributed to
the site.

    


    
In particular, for the groundwork on rethinking the sitemap, user flows, ne=
w content, design, and frontend and
package docs, we thank Ashish Agarwal, Kanishka Azimi, Richard Davison, Pat=
rick Ferris, Gemma Gordon, Isabella
Leandersson, Thibaut Mattio and Anil Madhavapeddy.

    


    
For the work on the package site infrastructure and UI, we thank Jon Ludlam=
, Jules Aguillon and Lucas Pluvinage. And
for the work on the designs and bringing them to life on the frontend, we t=
hank Isabella Leandersson and Asaad
Mahmood.

    


    
For the work on the new content and reviewing the existing one, we thank Ch=
ristine Rose and Isabella Leandersson.

    


    
For the contributions on the content for Ahrefs, Jane Street and LexiFi res=
pectively, we thank Louis Roch=C3=A9, James
Somers, Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r.

    


    
We=E2=80=99d also like to thank the major funders who supported the work on=
 revamping the website: grants from the Tezos
Foundation, Jane Street and Tarides facilitated the bulk of the work. Thank=
 you, and if anyone else wishes to help
support it on an ongoing basis then donations to the OCaml Software Foundat=
ion and grants to the maintenance teams
mentioned above are always welcomed.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Remaking an Old Game in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/remaking-an-old-game-in-ocaml/9760/1=


    

    


    

    Yotam Barnoy announced
    

    

    
I've starting blogging about a side-project of
mine. Hopefully I'll find the time
to write some further entries in the series, including about reverse engine=
ering a binary with IDA.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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Pour une =C3=A9valuation ind=C3=A9pendante, transparente et rigoureuse !
Je soutiens la Commission d'=C3=89valuation de l'INRIA.

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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 03 to 10, 2022.

    





    

    Multicore OCaml: March 2022
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multicore-ocaml-march-2022/9692/3

    

    


    

    Deep in this threal, KC Sivaramakrishnan announced
    

    

    
The benchmarks from the "Retrofitting Effect handlers to OCaml" PLDI 2022 paper (https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.00250) is
available here: https://github.com/prismlab/retro-concurrency/tree/master/bench. See sections 6.2 and 6.3 in the
paper.

    

    

    



    

    He later added
    

    

    
I've moved the microbenchmarks alone to a separate repo: https://github.com/prismlab/retro-concurrency-bench. This
repo also contains instructions to run the docker container that runs the benchmarks from the paper with the custom
compiler variants.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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Pour une =C3=A9valuation ind=C3=A9pendante, transparente et rigoureuse !
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--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 10 to 17, 2022.

    





    

    Browsing OCaml source tree with VSCode/merlin?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/browsing-ocaml-sourc=
e-tree-with-vscode-merlin/9819/2

    

    


    

    Keigo Imai explained
    

    

    
I managed to browse the OCaml source tree with VSCode with the following st=
eps:

    


      

    1. Prepare .merlin file (attached below) referring to the all=
 source directories in the tree
      2. 

    2. Pin your ocaml-lsp-server at 1.8.3 by opam pin ocaml-lsp-server 1=
.8.3 (as it is the last version that support .merlin)

    3. Clone OCaml repository and check out the same OCaml version as yours (e=
.g. opam switch create 4.12.1; git checkout 4.12.1)
      4. 

    4. Build OCaml (./configure && make world)
      5. 

    5. Open the top folder of the source tree using VSCode (or restart the lan=
guage server)
      6. 

    6. Browse the code
      7. 

    


    
Cheers!

    


    
content of .merlin:

    

    S ./asmcomp/
S ./boot/menhir/
S ./bytecomp/
S ./debugger/
S ./driver/
S ./file_formats/
S ./lambda/
S ./lex/
S ./middle_end/
S ./middle_end/closure/
S ./middle_end/flambda/
S ./middle_end/flambda/base_types/
S ./ocamldoc/
S ./ocamltest/
S ./otherlibs/dynlink/
S ./otherlibs/dynlink/byte/
S ./otherlibs/dynlink/dynlink_compilerlibs/
S ./otherlibs/dynlink/native/
S ./otherlibs/str/
S ./otherlibs/systhreads/
S ./otherlibs/unix/
S ./parsing/
S ./stdlib/
S ./tools/
S ./tools/unlabel-patches/
S ./toplevel/
S ./toplevel/byte/
S ./toplevel/native/
S ./typing/
S ./utils/
B ./asmcomp/
B ./asmcomp/debug/
B ./boot/
B ./bytecomp/
B ./debugger/
B ./driver/
B ./file_formats/
B ./lambda/
B ./lex/
B ./middle_end/
B ./middle_end/closure/
B ./middle_end/flambda/
B ./middle_end/flambda/base_types/
B ./ocamldoc/
B ./ocamldoc/generators/
B ./ocamltest/
B ./otherlibs/bigarray/
B ./otherlibs/dynlink/
B ./otherlibs/dynlink/byte/
B ./otherlibs/dynlink/dynlink_compilerlibs/
B ./otherlibs/dynlink/native/
B ./otherlibs/str/
B ./otherlibs/systhreads/
B ./otherlibs/unix/
B ./parsing/
B ./stdlib/
B ./testsuite/tests/no-alias-deps/
B ./tools/
B ./toplevel/
B ./toplevel/byte/
B ./toplevel/native/
B ./typing/
B ./utils/

    

    

    

    





    

    release of prbnmcn-gnuplot 0.0.3
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-prbnmcn-gnuplo=
t-0-0-3/9840/1

    

    


    

    Igarnier announced
    

    

    
prbnmcn-gnuplot=
 is a declarative wrapper on top of
gnuplot. Version 0.0.3 was just re=
leased.

    


    
The API is not entirely set in stone but it's reasonably usable, at least f=
or up to moderately sized plots. It
proceeds by constructing self-contained gnuplot scripts from declarative sp=
ecifications and deferring to gnuplot for
execution.

    


    
Here's the document=
ation.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    





    

    Call for Presentations for "Teaching Functional Programming in=
 OCaml" as part of the OCaml Workshop 2022
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-presentations-for-teaching-fu=
nctional-programming-in-ocaml-as-part-of-the-ocaml-workshop-2022/9847/1

    

    


    

    Yurug announced
    

    

    

    

    Special Session / Call for Presentations for "Teachin=
g Functional Programming in OCaml" as part of the OCaml
    

    

    
Workshop 2022

    


      

    • Abstract Submission: 6 June 2022
      • 

    • Author Notification: 7 July 2022
      • 

    • OCaml Workshop: 9 Sept 2022
      • 

    


    
The OCaml Workshop 2022, co-located with ICFP 2022, will take place the 202=
2-09-16 and will be held at Ljubljana,
Slovenia. This year, we would like to organize a special session on "Teachi=
ng Functional Programming in OCaml".

    


    
Hence, we would like to encourage and invite submissions for presentations =
that highlight teaching practices and
innovation that highlight how OCaml is taught around the globe and the wide=
 range of tools and strategies that have
been developed to teach effectively functional programming using OCaml. In =
particular, we are interested in automated
program evaluation / grading tools / error analysis (both type and syntax e=
rrors) for OCaml programs, tools that
provide assistance in practical lessons (such as pair programming for examp=
le), Jupiter notebooks like solutions to
interactively introduce programming concepts, or full-featured web platform=
s. We are particularly seeking
contributions and experience reports of the Learn-OCaml online programming =
environment which has been used by the
OCaml teaching community for online but also for regular in-person classes.=
 The goal is to share experiences,
exchange ideas and tools, and promote best practices.

    


    
Interested researchers are invited to submit and register a description of =
the talk (about 2 pages long) at
https://ocaml2022.hotcrp=
.com/providing a clear statement of what will be provided by the presen=
tation: the problems
that are addressed, the solutions or methods that are proposed.

    


    
LaTeX-produced PDFs are a common and welcome submission format. For accessi=
bility purposes, we ask PDF submitters to
also provide the sources of their submission in a textual format, such as .=
.tex sources. Reviewers may read either
the submitted PDF or the text version.

    


    
The OCaml workshop and this special session are informal meetings with no f=
ormal proceedings. The presentation
material will be available online from the workshop homepage. The presentat=
ions may be recorded and made available at
a later date.

    


    
The main presentation format is a workshop talk, traditionally around 20 mi=
nutes in length, plus question time, but
we also have a poster session during the workshop - this allows us to prese=
nt more diverse work and gives time for
discussion. The program committee for the OCaml Workshop will decide which =
presentations should be delivered as
posters or talks.

    


      

    • Sim=C3=A3o Melo de Sousa (University of Beira Interior)
      • 

    • Brigitte Pientka (McGill University)
      • 

    • Yann Regis-Gianas (Nomadic Labs)
      • 

    • Xujie Si (McGill University)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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Authentication-Results: mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr; spf=Pass smtp.pra=alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org; spf=Pass smtp.mailfrom=SRS0=zy//=WA=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org; spf=Pass smtp.helo=postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=pra; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=zy//=WA=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  SRS0=zy//=WA=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=zy//=WA=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=zy//=WA=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=helo; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=zy//=WA=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1";
  x-record-text="v=spf1 a -all"
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 24 May 2022 10:04:03 +0200
Message-ID: <87pmk3l5l8.fsf@m4x.org>
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 17 to 24,
2022.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

ML Family Workshop 2022: Final Call for Presentations
Dune 3.2.0
Hardcaml MIPS CPU Learning Project and Blog
A tutorial on parallel programming in OCaml 5
Old CWN


ML Family Workshop 2022: Final Call for Presentations
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Benoit Montagu announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are happy to invite submissions to the *ML Family Workshop 2022*,
  to be held during the ICFP conference week on Thursday, September
  15th.

  The ML family workshop warmly welcomes submission touching on the
  programming languages traditionally seen as part of the =E2=80=9CML famil=
y=E2=80=9D
  (Standard ML, OCaml, F#, CakeML, SML#, Manticore, MetaOCaml, etc.).
  The scope of the workshop includes all aspects of the design,
  semantics, theory, application, implementation, and teaching of the
  members of the ML family. We also encourage presentations from related
  languages (such as Haskell, Scala, Rust, Nemerle, Links, Koka, F*,
  Eff, ATS, etc), to exchange experience of further developing ML ideas.

  The workshop does not have proceedings, making it the perfect venue to
  run some ideas with the community or present some work in progress
  within a friendly environment. The PC has a broad expertise and
  submissions are 3 pages long: when in doubt, just submit!

  Currently, the workshop is scheduled to be an in-person event. We will
  give to the authors of accepted abstracts the opportunity to give
  their talks remotely if necessary, in case they could not travel.

  See the detailed CFP online on the ICFP website:
  


Important dates
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Friday 3th June (any time zone): Abstract submission deadline
  =E2=80=A2 Tuesday 28th June: Author notification
  =E2=80=A2 Thursday 15th August: ML Family Workshop


Program committee
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Kenichi Asai (Ochanomizu University)
  =E2=80=A2 Arthur Azevedo de Amorim (Boston University)
  =E2=80=A2 Dariusz Biernacki (University of Wroc=C5=82aw)
  =E2=80=A2 Stephen Dolan (Jane Street)
  =E2=80=A2 Kavon Farvardin (Apple)
  =E2=80=A2 Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=A9neau (Inria)
  =E2=80=A2 Sam Lindley (University of Edinburgh)
  =E2=80=A2 Guido Mart=C3=ADnez (CIFASIS-CONICET)
  =E2=80=A2 Keiko Nakata (SAP Innovation Center Potsdam)
  =E2=80=A2 Lionel Parreaux (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)
  =E2=80=A2 Matija Pretnar (University of Ljubljana)
  =E2=80=A2 Mike Rainey (Carnegie Mellon University)
  =E2=80=A2 Yann R=C3=A9gis-Gianas (Nomadic Labs)
  =E2=80=A2 KC Sivaramakrishnan (IIT Madras and Tarides)
  =E2=80=A2 Ningning Xie (University of Cambridge)

  Chair: Beno=C3=AEt Montagu (Inria)


Submission details
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  See the online CFP for the details on the expected submission format.

  Submissions must be uploaded to the workshop submission website
   before the submission deadline.


Dune 3.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Rudi Grinberg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the dune team, I'm pleased to announce the availability
  of version 3.2.0. This release contains few new features, but is
  packed with bug fixes and usability improvements. In particular, I'd
  like to point out that we've continued to improve the user experience
  with the watch mode. I encourage you all to try it out if you haven't
  already.

  Happy Hacking.


3.2.0 (17-05-2022)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed `dune describe workspace --with-deps' so that it correctly
    handles Reason files, as well as files any other dialect. (#5701,
    @esope)

  =E2=80=A2 Disable alerts when compiling code in vendored directories (#56=
83,
    @NathanReb)

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed `dune describe --with-deps', that crashed when some
    preprocessing was required in a dune file using `per_module'.
    (#5682, fixes #5680, @esope)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `$ dune describe pp' to print the preprocssed ast of
    sources. (#5615, fixes #4470, @cannorin)

  =E2=80=A2 Report dune file evaluation errors concurrently. In the same wa=
y we
    report build errors. (#5655, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Watch mode now default to clearing the terminal on rebuild (#56=
36,
    fixes, #5216, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 The output of jobs that finished but were cancelled is now
    omitted. (#5631, fixes #5482, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Allows to configure all the default destination directories with
    `./configure' (adds `bin', `sbin', `data', `libexec'). Use
    `OPAM_SWITCH_PREFIX' instead of calling the `opam' binaries in `dune
    install'. Fix handling of multiple `libdir' in `./configure' for
    handling `/usr/lib/ocaml/' and `/usr/local/lib/ocaml'. In `dune
    install' forbid relative directories in `libdir', `docdir' and
    others specific directory setting because their handling was
    inconsistent (#5516, fixes #3978 and #5455, @bobot)

  =E2=80=A2 `--terminal-persistence=3Dclear-on-rebuild' will no longer dest=
roy
    scrollback on some terminals (#5646, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Add a fmt command as a shortcut of `dune build @fmt --auto-prom=
ote'
    (#5574, @tmattio)

  =E2=80=A2 Watch mode now tracks copied external files, external directori=
es
    for dependencies, dune files in OCaml syntax, files used by
    `include' stanzas, dune-project, opam files, libraries builtin with
    compiler, and foreign sources (#5627, #5645, #5652, #5656, #5672,
    #5691, #5722, fixes #5331, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Improve metrics for cram tests. Include test names in the event=
 and
    add a category for cram tests (#5626, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow specifying multiple licenses in project file (#5579, fixes
    #5574, @liyishuai)

  =E2=80=A2 Match `glob_files' only against files in external directories
    (#5614, fixes #5540, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Add pid's to chrome trace output (#5617, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix race when creating local cache directory (#5613, fixes #546=
1,
    @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Add `not' to boolean expressions (#5610, fix #5503, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix relative dependencies outside the workspace (#4035, fixes #=
5572,
    @bobot)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow to specify `--prefix' via the environment variable
    `DUNE_INSTALL_PREFIX' (#5589, @vapourismo)

  =E2=80=A2 Dune-site.plugin: add support for `archive(native|byte, plugin)'
    used in the wild before findlib documented `plugin(native|byte)' in
    2015 (#5518, @bobot)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix a bug where Dune would not correctly interpret `META' files=
 in
    alternative layout (ie when the META file is named `META.$pkg'). The
    `Llvm' bindings were affected by this issue. (#5619, fixes #5616,
    @nojb)

  =E2=80=A2 Support `(binaries)' in `(env)' in dune-workspace files (#5560,=
 fix
    #5555, @emillon)

  =E2=80=A2 (mdx) stanza: add support for (locks). (#5628, fixes #5489,
    @emillon)

  =E2=80=A2 (mdx) stanza: support including files in different directories =
using
    relative paths, and provide better error messages when paths are
    invalid (#5703, #5704, fixes #5596, @emillon)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix ctypes rules for external lib names which aren't valid ocaml
    names (#5667, fixes #5511, @Khady)


Hardcaml MIPS CPU Learning Project and Blog
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone! Last fall, we completed our original plan for this
  project, rewriting the verilog MIPS CPU we had designed for a class
  into Hardcaml. A few weeks later, we got an invite to video-meet with
  the Hardcaml team to talk about our experience. They even sent us
  actual Arty A-7 FPGAs so we could test out our simulation on real
  hardware!

  Junior year ended up much busier than expected, and although we had
  gotten our code onto the FPGAs by January, we=E2=80=99ve only just now fu=
lly
  finished our project. Our blog now has 2 bonus installments:

  1. [Running Hardcaml on an actual FPGA]. Here, we lit up LEDs to
     display the output of a hardcoded program.
  2. [Hardcaml MIPS and I/O]. Here, we restructured our CPU so that
     programs can communicate with an external device using UART.

  With these changes, our full design is now a simplified but realistic
  processor that can run meaningful programs.

  Thank you very much to @andyman, @fyquah95, Ben Devlin, and the rest
  of the Jane Street FPGA team for creating Hardcaml, meeting with us,
  and answering our numerous questions throughout this process. Thank
  you also to @yaron_minsky and Jane Street for sending us the FPGAs to
  try out our code.

  This has been an incredibly interesting, challenging, and rewarding
  journey. We hope that our blog posts and sample project are useful for
  learning Hardcaml in the future, and welcome any questions or
  comments.


[Running Hardcaml on an actual FPGA]


[Hardcaml MIPS and I/O]



A tutorial on parallel programming in OCaml 5
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


KC Sivaramakrishnan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I ran a hands-on tutorial on the new parallel programming primitives
  in the upcoming OCaml 5 at the Tarides off-site last week. It covers
  the low-level parallelism primitives exposed by the OCaml 5 compiler
  as well as high-level parallel programming using `domainslib'. I hope
  you like it and find it useful. Please feel free to open issues if you
  find anything amiss.

  


Alain De Vos asked and Olivier Nicole replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        As it is not immediately clear for me, does it uses
        threads , green threads, processes , fibers ? And who is
        responsible for the scheduling ,the Ocaml application or
        the underlying operating system ?

  Each domain corresponds to one system thread. The scheduling between
  them is therefore performed by the operating system.

  The tutorial only covers domains, which are the way to perform
  /parallelism/ in OCaml 5. To use /concurrency/ (e.g.  having several
  IO-depending operations that run concurrently on the same core), the
  main mechanism is effects (which at the level of the runtime system,
  are implemented using small stack segments called fibers), as in the
  [eio library]. Effects allow such libraries to provide a form a
  lightweight threads (aka green threads) whose scheduling is
  implemented in the OCaml application using effect mechanisms.


[eio library]



UnixJunkie then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here is a very simple tutorial on parallel programming in OCaml: use
  parany !   For OCaml 5, use the
  right branch of parany:
  

  Happy hacking!


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 17 to 24, 2022.

    





    

    ML Family Workshop 2022: Final Call for Presentations
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ml-family-wor=
kshop-2022-final-call-for-presentations/9877/1

    

    


    

    Benoit Montagu announced
    

    

    
We are happy to invite submissions to the ML Family Workshop 2022, to
be held during the ICFP conference week on Thursday, September 15th.

    


    
The ML family workshop warmly welcomes submission touching on the
programming languages traditionally seen as part of the =E2=80=9CML family=
=E2=80=9D
(Standard ML, OCaml, F#, CakeML, SML#, Manticore, MetaOCaml, etc.).
The scope of the workshop includes all aspects of the design,
semantics, theory, application, implementation, and teaching of the
members of the ML family. We also encourage presentations from related
languages (such as Haskell, Scala, Rust, Nemerle, Links, Koka, F*,
Eff, ATS, etc), to exchange experience of further developing ML ideas.

    


    
The workshop does not have proceedings, making it the perfect venue to
run some ideas with the community or present some work in progress
within a friendly environment. The PC has a broad expertise and
submissions are 3 pages long: when in doubt, just submit!

    


    
Currently, the workshop is scheduled to be an in-person event. We will
give to the authors of accepted abstracts the opportunity to give
their talks remotely if necessary, in case they could not travel.

    


    
See the detailed CFP online on the ICFP website:
https://icfp22.sigplan.org/home/mlfamilyworkshop-2022#Call-fo=
r-Presentations

    

    


    

    Important dates
    

    

      

    • Friday 3th June (any time zone): Abstract submission deadline
      • 

    • Tuesday 28th June: Author notification
      • 

    • Thursday 15th August: ML Family Workshop
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Program committee
    

    

      

    • Kenichi Asai (Ochanomizu University)
      • 

    • Arthur Azevedo de Amorim (Boston University)
      • 

    • Dariusz Biernacki (University of Wroc=C5=82aw)
      • 

    • Stephen Dolan (Jane Street)
      • 

    • Kavon Farvardin (Apple)
      • 

    • Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=A9neau (Inria)
      • 

    • Sam Lindley (University of Edinburgh)
      • 

    • Guido Mart=C3=ADnez (CIFASIS-CONICET)
      • 

    • Keiko Nakata (SAP Innovation Center Potsdam)
      • 

    • Lionel Parreaux (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)
      • 

    • Matija Pretnar (University of Ljubljana)
      • 

    • Mike Rainey (Carnegie Mellon University)
      • 

    • Yann R=C3=A9gis-Gianas (Nomadic Labs)
      • 

    • KC Sivaramakrishnan (IIT Madras and Tarides)
      • 

    • Ningning Xie (University of Cambridge)
      • 

    


    
Chair: Beno=C3=AEt Montagu (Inria)

    

    

    


    

    Submission details
    

    

    
See the online CFP for the details on the expected submission format.

    


    
Submissions must be uploaded to the workshop submission website
https://ml2022.hotcrp.com/ befor=
e the submission deadline.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune 3.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-2-0/9892/1

    

    


    

    Rudi Grinberg announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the dune team, I'm pleased to announce the availability of ver=
sion 3.2.0. This release contains few new
features, but is packed with bug fixes and usability improvements. In parti=
cular, I'd like to point out that we've
continued to improve the user experience with the watch mode. I encourage y=
ou all to try it out if you haven't
already.

    


    
Happy Hacking.

    

    


    

    3.2.0 (17-05-2022)
    

    

      

    • Fixed dune describe workspace --with-deps so that it corre=
ctly
handles Reason files, as well as files any other dialect. (#5701, @esope)


    • Disable alerts when compiling code in vendored directories (#5683,
@NathanReb)
      • 


    • Fixed dune describe --with-deps, that crashed when some
preprocessing was required in a dune file using per_module.
(#5682, fixes #5680, @esope)
      • 


    • Add $ dune describe pp to print the preprocssed ast of sou=
rces. (#5615,
fixes #4470, @cannorin)
      • 


    • Report dune file evaluation errors concurrently. In the same way we rep=
ort
build errors. (#5655, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Watch mode now default to clearing the terminal on rebuild (#5636, fixe=
s,
#5216, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • The output of jobs that finished but were cancelled is now omitted. (#5=
631,
fixes #5482, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Allows to configure all the default destination directories with =
./configure
(adds bin, sbin, data, libexec=
). Use OPAM_SWITCH_PREFIX instead of
calling the opam binaries in dune install. Fix ha=
ndling of multiple
libdir in ./configure for handling /usr/lib=
/ocaml/ and
/usr/local/lib/ocaml. In dune install forbid rela=
tive directories in
libdir, docdir and others specific directory sett=
ing because their handling
was inconsistent (#5516, fixes #3978 and #5455, @bobot)
      • 


    • --terminal-persistence=3Dclear-on-rebuild will no longer d=
estroy scrollback
on some terminals (#5646, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Add a fmt command as a shortcut of dune build @fmt --auto-promote=
 (#5574,
@tmattio)
      • 


    • Watch mode now tracks copied external files, external directories for
dependencies, dune files in OCaml syntax, files used by include stanzas,
dune-project, opam files, libraries builtin with compiler, and foreign
sources (#5627, #5645, #5652, #5656, #5672, #5691, #5722, fixes #5331,
@rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Improve metrics for cram tests. Include test names in the event and add=
 a
category for cram tests (#5626, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Allow specifying multiple licenses in project file (#5579, fixes #5574,
@liyishuai)
      • 


    • Match glob_files only against files in external directorie=
s (#5614, fixes
#5540, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Add pid's to chrome trace output (#5617, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Fix race when creating local cache directory (#5613, fixes #5461, @rgri=
nberg)
      • 


    • Add not to boolean expressions (#5610, fix #5503, @rgrinbe=
rg)
      • 


    • Fix relative dependencies outside the workspace (#4035, fixes #5572, @b=
obot)
      • 


    • Allow to specify --prefix via the environment variable
DUNE_INSTALL_PREFIX (#5589, @vapourismo)
      • 


    • Dune-site.plugin: add support for archive(native|byte, plugin) used in the
wild before findlib documented plugin(native|byte) in 2015 (#5=
518, @bobot)
      • 


    • Fix a bug where Dune would not correctly interpret META fi=
les in alternative
layout (ie when the META file is named META.$pkg). The L=
lvm bindings were
affected by this issue. (#5619, fixes #5616, @nojb)
      • 


    • Support (binaries) in (env) in dune-workspace=
 files (#5560, fix #5555,
@emillon)
      • 


    • (mdx) stanza: add support for (locks). (#5628, fixes #5489, @emillon)


    • (mdx) stanza: support including files in different directories using re=
lative
paths, and provide better error messages when paths are invalid (#5703, #57=
04,
fixes #5596, @emillon)
      • 


    • Fix ctypes rules for external lib names which aren't valid ocaml names
(#5667, fixes #5511, @Khady)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Hardcaml MIPS CPU Learning Project and Blog
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/hardcaml-mips-cpu-lea=
rning-project-and-blog/8088/12

    

    


    

    Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! Last fall, we completed our original plan for this project, re=
writing the verilog MIPS CPU we had
designed for a class into Hardcaml. A few weeks later, we got an invite to =
video-meet with the Hardcaml team to talk
about our experience. They even sent us actual Arty A-7 FPGAs so we could t=
est out our simulation on real hardware!

    


    
Junior year ended up much busier than expected, and although we had gotten =
our code onto the FPGAs by January, we=E2=80=99ve
only just now fully finished our project. Our blog now has 2 bonus installm=
ents:

    


      

    1. Running Hardcaml on an actual FPGA. Here, we lit up LEDs=
 to display the output of a hardcoded program.
      2. 

    2. Hardcaml MIPS and I/O. Here, we restructured our CPU so that programs =
can communicate with an external device using UART.
      3. 

    


    
With these changes, our full design is now a simplified but realistic proce=
ssor that can run meaningful programs.

    


    
Thank you very much to @andyman, @fyquah95, Ben Devlin, and the rest of the=
 Jane Street FPGA team for creating
Hardcaml, meeting with us, and answering our numerous questions throughout =
this process. Thank you also to
@yaron_minsky and Jane Street for sending us the FPGAs to try out our code.

    


    
This has been an incredibly interesting, challenging, and rewarding journey=
. We hope that our blog posts and sample
project are useful for learning Hardcaml in the future, and welcome any que=
stions or comments.

    

    

    

    





    

    A tutorial on parallel programming in OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-tutorial-on-parall=
el-programming-in-ocaml-5/9896/1

    

    


    

    KC Sivaramakrishnan announced
    

    

    
I ran a hands-on tutorial on the new parallel programming primitives in the=
 upcoming OCaml 5 at the Tarides off-site
last week. It covers the low-level parallelism primitives exposed by the OC=
aml 5 compiler as well as high-level
parallel programming using domainslib. I hope you like it and =
find it useful. Please feel free to open issues if
you find anything amiss.

    


    
https://github.com=
/kayceesrk/ocaml5-tutorial

    

    

    



    

    Alain De Vos asked and Olivier Nicole replied
    

    

    

    
As it is not immediately clear for me, does it uses threads , green threads=
, processes , fibers ? And who is
responsible for the scheduling ,the Ocaml application or the underlying ope=
rating system ?

    

    


    
Each domain corresponds to one system thread. The scheduling between them i=
s therefore performed by the operating
system.

    


    
The tutorial only covers domains, which are the way to perform paralleli=
sm in OCaml 5. To use concurrency (e.g.
having several IO-depending operations that run concurrently on the same co=
re), the main mechanism is effects (which
at the level of the runtime system, are implemented using small stack segme=
nts called fibers), as in the eio
library. Effects allow such libraries to provide a
form a lightweight threads (aka green threads) whose scheduling is implemen=
ted in the OCaml application using effect
mechanisms.

    

    

    



    

    UnixJunkie then said
    

    

    
Here is a very simple tutorial on parallel programming in OCaml: use parany=
 !
https://github.com/UnixJun=
kie/parany
For OCaml 5, use the right branch of parany:
https://githu=
b.com/UnixJunkie/parany/tree/domains

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 24 to 31,
2022.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

carray.0.0.1
OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2022
Old CWN


carray.0.0.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Danny Willems announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm glad to announce the first (experimental) release of ocaml-carray,
  a library mocking the Array interface to work with contiguous C array.
  *Disclaimer*: this first version is experimental and must be used with
  caution. A restricted set of values are supported at the moment
  (custom block with no out-of-heap values). Depending on the demand,
  more values might be supported.  Feel free to use this thread to
  suggest ideas, make opinions, etc.

  Repository
        
  License
        [MIT]
  Release
        [0.0.1]
  Documentation
        
  Nomadic Labs website
        
  Tezos ZK-rollups repository
        


[MIT]


[0.0.1] 

Motivation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  OCaml arrays are not always contiguous piece of memory, requiring
  accessing different chunks of memory when accessing individual
  elements. When requiring a value in memory, the CPU will fetch the RAM
  and load not only the particular value but a memory page (a contiguous
  piece of memory) and add it to its cache. The CPU will use its cache
  to load the values in its registers. It is not efficient with large
  OCaml arrays as the CPU will constantly fetch the RAM to load
  different memory pages in its cache.  Also, when using the C FFI, the
  user must know the memory representation of an array and use the non
  user-friendly low-level interface macro `Field'.


This work
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

  This library provides a polymorphic interface mocking a subset of the
  `Array' interface to work with contiguous piece of memory. Using the
  library should be as easy as adding `module Array =3D Carray'.  A C
  macro `Carray_val' is also provided for developers writing bindings
  and requires to simply cast in the underlying C type.  It has also
  been observed sub arrays are sometimes used for read-only
  operations. However, `Array.sub' allocates a fresh copy of the
  requested sub part. `Carray' leverages this memory cost by providing
  noalloc variants, like `sub_noalloc'.


Performances
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The concept has been tested and used in real world applications like
  the polynomial library used by Nomadic Labs to implement zk-rollups. A
  speed up of around 50% has been observed when using contiguous arrays
  compared to OCaml arrays to compute NTT/FFT.


Usage
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This library is *experimental*. Use this library with caution. The
  interface might change in the future.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam install carray.0.0.1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2022
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Matija Pretnar announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is a reminder for anyone interested in contributing to OCaml
  Workshop 2022. The deadline has been slightly extended to Friday, June
  3 (anywhere on Earth), which means you have roughly *four days left*
  to prepare your submissions.


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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Content-Disposition: inline








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 24 to 31, 2022.

    





    

    carray.0.0.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-carray-0-0-1/9938/1

    

    


    

    Danny Willems announced
    

    

    
I'm glad to announce the first (experimental) release of ocaml-carray, a library mocking the Array interface to work
with contiguous C array.
Disclaimer: this first version is experimental and must be used with caution. A restricted set of values are
supported at the moment (custom block with no out-of-heap values). Depending on the demand, more values might be
supported.
Feel free to use this thread to suggest ideas, make opinions, etc.

    


    

    Repository
    https://gitlab.com/dannywillems/ocaml-carray
    

    License
    MIT
    

    Release
    0.0.1
    

    Documentation
    https://dannywillems.gitlab.io/ocaml-carray/carray/index.html
    

    Nomadic Labs website
    https://nomadic-labs.com
    

    Tezos ZK-rollups repository
    https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/privacy-team
    

    

    


    

    Motivation
    

    

    
OCaml arrays are not always contiguous piece of memory, requiring accessing different chunks of memory when accessing
individual elements. When requiring a value in memory, the CPU will fetch the RAM and load not only the particular
value but a memory page (a contiguous piece of memory) and add it to its cache. The CPU will use its cache to load
the values in its registers. It is not efficient with large OCaml arrays as the CPU will constantly fetch the RAM to
load different memory pages in its cache.
Also, when using the C FFI, the user must know the memory representation of an array and use the non user-friendly
low-level interface macro Field.

    

    

    


    

    This work
    

    

    
This library provides a polymorphic interface mocking a subset of the Array interface to work with contiguous piece
of memory. Using the library should be as easy as adding module Array = Carray.
A C macro Carray_val is also provided for developers writing bindings and requires to simply cast in the underlying
C type.
It has also been observed sub arrays are sometimes used for read-only operations. However, Array.sub allocates a
fresh copy of the requested sub part. Carray leverages this memory cost by providing noalloc variants, like
sub_noalloc.

    

    

    


    

    Performances
    

    

    
The concept has been tested and used in real world applications like the polynomial library used by Nomadic Labs to
implement zk-rollups. A speed up of around 50% has been observed when using contiguous arrays compared to OCaml
arrays to compute NTT/FFT.

    

    

    


    

    Usage
    

    

    
This library is experimental. Use this library with caution. The interface might change in the future.

    


    opam install carray.0.0.1

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2022
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-users-and-developers-workshop-2022/9726/2

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Matija Pretnar announced
    

    

    
This is a reminder for anyone interested in contributing to OCaml Workshop 2022. The deadline has been slightly
extended to Friday, June 3 (anywhere on Earth), which means you have roughly four days left to prepare your
submissions.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 07 Jun 2022 12:15:24 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 31 to June 07,
2022.

Table of Contents
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=80

carray.0.0.1
ML Family Workshop 2022: Final Call for Presentations
OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2022
dkml-c-probe.2.0.0: Cross-compiler friendly definitions for C compiling
Full-Stack Web Dev in OCaml Tutorial w/ Dream, Bonsai, and GraphQL
Sketch.sh now supports multiple compiler versions, starting with 4.13.1
Explicit type binding and mutual recursion
findlib-1.9.4
omake-0.10.4
Old CWN


carray.0.0.1
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  Archive: 


Deep in this threas, Fabian said
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Note that you can, to a certain degree, build your own flat structures
  with the `Bytes' module. Compared to bigarrays, `Bytes.t' has less
  indirection, a lower constant memory overhead and can be allocated on
  the minor heap. The contents of `Bytes.t' are not scanned by the GC,
  just like bigarrays.

  For example, a more efficient `int32 Array.t':

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module Int32_array : sig
  =E2=94=82   type t
  =E2=94=82   val equal : t -> t -> bool
  =E2=94=82   val create : int -> t
  =E2=94=82   val length : t -> int
  =E2=94=82   val get : t -> int -> int32
  =E2=94=82   val set : t -> int -> int32 -> unit
  =E2=94=82   val sub : t -> int -> int -> t
  =E2=94=82   val to_list : bytes -> int32 list
  =E2=94=82 end =3D struct
  =E2=94=82   type t =3D Bytes.t
  =E2=94=82   let equal =3D Bytes.equal
  =E2=94=82   let create len =3D Bytes.create (4 * len)
  =E2=94=82   let length t =3D Bytes.length t / 4
  =E2=94=82   let get t i =3D Bytes.get_int32_le t (4 * i)
  =E2=94=82   let set t i x =3D Bytes.set_int32_le t (4 * i) x
  =E2=94=82   let sub t pos len =3D Bytes.sub t (4 * pos) (4 * len)
  =E2=94=82   let to_list t =3D List.init (length t) (get t)
  =E2=94=82 end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A more efficient `(int * int)':

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module Point : sig
  =E2=94=82   type t
  =E2=94=82   val create : int -> int -> t
  =E2=94=82   val x : t -> int
  =E2=94=82   val y : t -> int
  =E2=94=82 end =3D struct
  =E2=94=82   external get_int64_unsafe : bytes -> int -> int64 =3D "%caml_=
bytes_get64u"
  =E2=94=82   external set_int64_unsafe : bytes -> int -> int64 -> unit =3D=
 "%caml_bytes_set64u"
  =E2=94=82   type t =3D Bytes.t
  =E2=94=82   let create x y =3D
  =E2=94=82     let p =3D Bytes.create 16 in
  =E2=94=82     set_int64_unsafe p 0 (Int64.of_int x);
  =E2=94=82     set_int64_unsafe p 8 (Int64.of_int y);
  =E2=94=82     p
  =E2=94=82   let x t =3D Int64.to_int (get_int64_unsafe t 0)
  =E2=94=82   let y t =3D Int64.to_int (get_int64_unsafe t 8)
  =E2=94=82 end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  (making a more efficient `(int * int) Array.t' is left as an exercise
  to the reader)

  The downside compared to bigarrays is that it doesn't support `sub'
  without copying. Also, bytes can be moved by the GC (during minor GCs
  or compaction), and therefore you cannot release the runtime lock when
  passing them to C. The latter point is less relevant with the
  multicore extensions, especially since there is no compactor
  yet. There is some related discussion on the eio repository:
  


ML Family Workshop 2022: Final Call for Presentations
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  Archive:
  


Benoit Montagu announced
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ML Family Workshop 2022: DEADLINE EXTENSION
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=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C

  To increase your chances of submitting your work to the ML workshop,
  *the submission deadline is extended by a week*.  The new deadline is
  Friday 10th June (AoE).

  A quick reminder:
  =E2=80=A2 The workshop does not have proceedings, making it the perfect v=
enue
    to run some ideas with the community or present some work in
    progress within a friendly environment.
  =E2=80=A2 The work load as an author is low: submissions are only 3 pages=
 long
    (excluding references)
  =E2=80=A2 YOU have the power to make the ML workshop a success!
  =E2=80=A2 You have one more full week to submit to
     (please register your submission
    early!)
  =E2=80=A2 All the details are here:
    
  =E2=80=A2 The ML workshop is colocated with ICFP 2022
    


OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2022
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  Archive:
  


Matija Pretnar announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  To offer additional opportunities to contribute to the OCaml workshop,
  and to align with the [ML family workshop], to which you are also
  cordially invited, the submission deadline has been extended by a week
  to *Friday, June 10* (anywhere on Earth).


[ML family workshop]



dkml-c-probe.2.0.0: Cross-compiler friendly definitions for C compiling
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Summary: dkml-c-probe is a new package for maintainers who compile or
  link C code. Install it with `opam install dkml-c-probe'. Full docs
  are at [https://github.com/diskuv/dkml-c-probe#readme]


[https://github.com/diskuv/dkml-c-probe#readme]


Problem
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  You are creating an OCaml package that has foreign C code. Perhaps you
  need special C headers or libraries when you are targeting Apple
  users, or perhaps you need to execute custom OCaml code for Android
  users. More generally you need a way to determine whether your OCaml
  or C code is compiling for a Linux AMD/Intel 64-bit, Android ARM
  32-bit, or any other ABI target.


Solution
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A user of your OCaml package may, for example, be on a 64-bit
  AMD/Intel Linux machine using a 32-bit OCaml system compiled with `gcc
  -m32'; additionally they have a 32-bit Android ARM cross-compiler
  toolchain. `dkml-c-probe' will tell you the target operating system is
  `Linux' and the target ABI is `Linux_x86' except when the
  cross-compiler toolchain is invoked. With the cross-compiler toolchain
  `dkml-c-probe' will tell you the target operating system is `Android'
  and the target ABI is `Android_arm32v7a'.


How it works
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `dkml-c-probe' uses C preprocessor definitions (ex. `#if
  TARGET_CPU_X86_64', `#if __ANDROID__', etc.) to determine which ABI
  the C compiler (ex. `ocamlopt -config | grep native_c_compiler') is
  targeting.

  This isn't a new idea. The pattern is used in Esy and Mirage code as
  well. `dkml-c-probe' just codifies the pattern for use in your own
  code.


Usage
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In OCaml code you can use the /versioned/ module:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module V2 :
  =E2=94=82   sig
  =E2=94=82     type t_os =3D Android | IOS | Linux | OSX | Windows
  =E2=94=82     type t_abi =3D
  =E2=94=82 	Android_arm64v8a
  =E2=94=82       | Android_arm32v7a
  =E2=94=82       | Android_x86
  =E2=94=82       | Android_x86_64
  =E2=94=82       | Darwin_arm64
  =E2=94=82       | Darwin_x86_64
  =E2=94=82       | Linux_arm64
  =E2=94=82       | Linux_arm32v6
  =E2=94=82       | Linux_arm32v7
  =E2=94=82       | Linux_x86_64
  =E2=94=82       | Linux_x86
  =E2=94=82       | Windows_x86_64
  =E2=94=82       | Windows_x86
  =E2=94=82       | Windows_arm64
  =E2=94=82       | Windows_arm32
  =E2=94=82     val get_os : (t_os, Rresult.R.msg) result Lazy.t
  =E2=94=82     val get_abi : (t_abi, Rresult.R.msg) result Lazy.t
  =E2=94=82     val get_abi_name : (string, Rresult.R.msg) result Lazy.t
  =E2=94=82   end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In C code you can use the [provided `dkml_compiler_probe.h' header]
  from within Dune or Opam. Here is a snippet that handles part of the
  Linux introspection:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 #elif __linux__
  =E2=94=82 #   if __ANDROID__
  =E2=94=82 #       ...
  =E2=94=82 #   else
  =E2=94=82 #       define DKML_OS_NAME "Linux"
  =E2=94=82 #       define DKML_OS_Linux
  =E2=94=82 #       if __aarch64__
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI "linux_arm64"
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI_linux_arm64
  =E2=94=82 #       elif __arm__
  =E2=94=82 #           if defined(__ARM_ARCH_6__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6J=
__) ||
  =E2=94=82 defined(__ARM_ARCH_6K__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6Z__) || defined=
(__ARM_ARCH_6ZK__) ||
  =E2=94=82 defined(__ARM_ARCH_6T2__)
  =E2=94=82 #               define DKML_ABI "linux_arm32v6"
  =E2=94=82 #               define DKML_ABI_linux_arm32v6
  =E2=94=82 #           elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_=
7A__) ||
  =E2=94=82 defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined=
(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
  =E2=94=82 #               define DKML_ABI "linux_arm32v7"
  =E2=94=82 #               define DKML_ABI_linux_arm32v7
  =E2=94=82 #           endif /* __ARM_ARCH_6__ || ...,  __ARM_ARCH_7__ || =
... */
  =E2=94=82 #       elif __x86_64__
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI "linux_x86_64"
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI_linux_x86_64
  =E2=94=82 #       elif __i386__
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI "linux_x86"
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI_linux_x86
  =E2=94=82 #       elif defined(__ppc64__) || defined(__PPC64__)
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI "linux_ppc64"
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI_linux_ppc64
  =E2=94=82 #       elif __s390x__
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI "linux_s390x"
  =E2=94=82 #           define DKML_ABI_linux_s390x
  =E2=94=82 #       endif /* __aarch64__, __arm__, __x86_64__, __i386__, __=
ppc64__ || __PPC64__,
  =E2=94=82 __s390x__ */
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[provided `dkml_compiler_probe.h' header]



Versioning and Contributing
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Whenever a new ABI is added, it goes into a new version (ex. `module
  V3'). Your existing code that uses `module V2' will be unaffected.

  But each new ABI needs to have its own maintainer because I don't have
  access to every hardware platform on the planet!

  For example, PowerPC (`ppc64') and Linux on IBM Z (`s390x') are
  supported in the C Header but not the OCaml module because there are
  no PowerPC and S390x maintainers.

  Please consider contributing, especially if you want others to have an
  easier compilation story for your favorite hardware platform.


Full-Stack Web Dev in OCaml Tutorial w/ Dream, Bonsai, and GraphQL
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone! I=E2=80=99ve written a tutorial blog series about full-stack=
 web
  development in OCaml, and wanted to share it here.

  Last semester, I took Penn State's [CMPSC 431W], where our final
  project was to build a database-driven web application. Since I'm
  fairly familiar with web programming through my work on [Flarum] and
  past internships/side projects, I decided to use this opportunity to
  explore the OCaml web development ecosystem. I used [Dream] for the
  backend, and [Bonsai] for the frontend.

  While working on this project, I realized two things:

  =E2=80=A2 OCaml is very underrated for web development. In addition to al=
l the
    language=E2=80=99s great features and safety guarantees, the ecosystem =
is
    pretty good! Dream near-perfectly coincides with my vision of
    backend webdev, and Bonsai has a great balance of
    flexibility/elegance and safety.
  =E2=80=A2 I couldn=E2=80=99t find realistic but accessible full-stack web=
 projects in
    OCaml available for reference. I found [tutorials] for [bits] and
    [pieces], but nothing that connected all the dots.

  I really enjoyed writing an article series on [hardware design with
  OCaml], so I decided to do so for web development as well. In total, I
  wrote 7 articles that walk through my project=E2=80=99s:

  1. [Full-Stack WebDev in OCaml Intro]. This includes some background
     on the project, and instructions for accessing the [live demo].
  2. [Backend WebDev w/ Dream and Caqti].
  3. [Building GraphQL APIs with Dream]
  4. [Setting up Bonsai].
  5. [Understanding Bonsai]. I actually wrote the first draft of this
     before I decided to do a blog, while trying to, well, understand
     Bonsai. It goes over some underlying concepts (SPAs, Frontend State
     Management, Algebraic Effects, Monads), as well as Bonsai=E2=80=99s co=
re
     design.
  6. [Using GraphQL in Bonsai].
  7. [Routing in Bonsai and Project Conclusion].

  Additionally, the [project=E2=80=99s README] has a comprehensive overview=
 of
  the tech stack, folder structure, and usage instructions. It also
  includes some reflections on design decisions and my experience
  working with these libraries.

  I had a lot of fun writing these, and I hope they=E2=80=99re useful to an=
yone
  considering OCaml for web development. Would be happy to answer any
  questions or comments.


[CMPSC 431W]


[Flarum] 

[Dream] 

[Bonsai] 

[tutorials] 

[bits] 

[pieces]


[hardware design with OCaml]


[Full-Stack WebDev in OCaml Intro]


[live demo] 

[Backend WebDev w/ Dream and Caqti]


[Building GraphQL APIs with Dream]


[Setting up Bonsai]


[Understanding Bonsai]


[Using GraphQL in Bonsai]


[Routing in Bonsai and Project Conclusion]


[project=E2=80=99s README] 


Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Also, forgot to mention this originally, but I recommend accessing the
  demo with one of the emails from [this file] or [this file] (all
  passwords are still [here]), as those users can also demo
  create/update functionalities.


[this file]


[this file]


[here]



Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  People who are looking for more lightweight alternatives =E2=80=93 and wa=
nt to
  do web programming without bothering too much about front end insanity
  can have a look at [hc] (yes indeed: sending HTML over `fetch', web
  programming excels at running in circles).

  The front JavaScript for that [CRUD webapp] comes out at 132Ko
  uncompressed without even trying to tweak anything.


[hc] 

[CRUD webapp] 


Sketch.sh now supports multiple compiler versions, starting with 4.13.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The interactive OCaml sketchbook [sketch.sh] has now support to store,
  edit and run sketches in different versions of the OCaml compiler.


[sketch.sh] 

Support for 4.13
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Storing and running sketches using the compiler version 4.13.1 is now
  possible, this functionality has been added to the already existing
  support for version 4.06.1. The Reason parser and formatting tool
  refmt were also updated to a more recent version that supports 4.13.1.

  Here you can see a sketch showcasing the monadic let syntax, using the
  example from the official OCaml docs: [ZipSeq - Sketch.sh].


[ZipSeq - Sketch.sh] 


Existing sketches and forks
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Previously existing sketches remain in 4.06.1, while newly created
  sketches will be on 4.13.1. For now, the only way to "migrate" a
  sketch to the newer version of the compiler is by copying its content
  and pasting it in a new sketch.

  Forked sketches inherit the compiler version of the forked sketch.


Future plans
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In the future, there are plans to support version 4.14.0 of the
  compiler, and we are considering adding a way so that the version of
  the compiler can be chosen for a given sketch. We are also working on
  migrating the editor UI codebase to a more recent version of
  ReasonReact, and use JSX3 instead of JSX2.


Feature requests and bugs
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Please [let us know] in case you have a feature request, or if you
  encounter any issues or bugs. Also, don't hesitate to reach out via DM
  or any other means if you would like to contribute or participate in
  the project in some way.

  Thanks to [Ahrefs] for supporting an Open Source Day initiative, which
  allowed to allocate time to work on this improvement for sketch.sh,
  and for providing the infrastructure to run the sketch.sh service for
  the community. Thanks as well to the authors and maintainers of the
  OCaml compiler, js_of_ocaml, and ReScript, that sketch.sh relies upon.


[let us know] 

[Ahrefs] 


Explicit type binding and mutual recursion
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, octachron explained
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For most use cases, if you want an explicit annotation for recursive
  function, it will be much simpler to use the `type a. ...' form:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let rec foo: type a. a -> a =3D fun x -> x
  =E2=94=82 and bar: type a. a -> a =3D fun x -> foo x
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  This form is a shortcut for both adding an explicit universal
  quantified and and a corresponding locally abstract type (in other
  words ~let f : 'a . =E2=80=A6. =3D fun (type a) -> =E2=80=A6 ~).

  The root issue with

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let rec f (type a) (x:a) =3D f x
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  is that the locally abstract type `a' is introduced after
  `f'. Moreover, without an explicit type annotation, a recursive
  function like `f' is monomorphic in its body and a monorphic function
  cannot be called on a type that was defined after the function.

  In other words, the issue is that in term of type scopes, the function
  `f' is equivalent to
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let f =3D ref Fun.id
  =E2=94=82 type t =3D A
  =E2=94=82 let x =3D !f A
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  which also fails with
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Error: This expression has type t but an expression was expecte=
d of type 'a
  =E2=94=82        The type constructor t would escape its scope
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  This is why the second solution proposed by @Gopiandcode
  works. Indeed, in

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let foo, bar =3D fun (type a) ->
  =E2=94=82   let rec foo (x: a) : a =3D x
  =E2=94=82   and bar (x: a) : a =3D foo x in
  =E2=94=82   foo, bar
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  the type `a' is defined before the recursive functions `foo' and
  `bar', thus `foo a' does not break any scope constraint.


findlib-1.9.4
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  findlib-1.9.4 is out. It mainly includes a change in the configuration
  script needed for OCaml-4-14.

  For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

  

  An updated OPAM package will follow soon.


omake-0.10.4
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I just released omake-0.10.4, the build utility. This finally includes
  the fix for Apple Silicon, but also a couple of small changes (roughly
  everything since PR#100 to PR#146 on GitHub).

  For docs and the download link see
  . opam is underway.


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 31 to June 07, 20=
22.

    





    

    carray.0.0.1
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-carray-0-0-1/9938/6

    

    


    

    Deep in this threas, Fabian said
    

    

    
Note that you can, to a certain degree, build your own flat structures with=
 the Bytes
module. Compared to bigarrays, Bytes.t has less indirection, a=
 lower constant memory
overhead and can be allocated on the minor heap. The contents of Byte=
s.t are not scanned by
the GC, just like bigarrays.

    


    
For example, a more efficient int32 Array.t:

    


    

    module Int32_array : sig
  type t
  val equal : t -> t -> bool
  val create : int -> t
  val length : t -> int
  val get : t -> int -> int32
  val set : t -> int -> int32 -> unit
  val sub : t -> int -> int -> t
  val to_list : bytes -> int32 list
end =3D struct
  type t =3D Bytes.t
  let equal =3D Bytes=
.equal
  let create len =3D Bytes.create (4 * len)
  let length t=
 =3D Bytes.length t / 4
  let get t i =3D =
Bytes.get_int32_le t (4 * i)
  let set t i x =3D Bytes.set_int32_le t (4 * i=
) x
  let sub t pos le=
n =3D Bytes.sub t (4 * pos) (=
4 * len)
  let to_list t =3D List.init (length t) (get t)
end

    

    


    
A more efficient (int * int):

    


    

    module Point : sig
  type t
  val create : int -> int -> t
  val x : t -> int
  val y : t -> int
end =3D struct
  external get_int64_unsafe : bytes -> int -> i=
nt64 =3D "%caml_bytes_get64u"
  external set_int64_unsafe : bytes -> int -> i=
nt64 -> unit =3D "%caml_bytes_set64u"
  type t =3D Bytes.t
  let create x=
 y =3D
    let p =3D Bytes.<=
/span>create 16 in
    set_int64_unsafe p 0 (Int64.of_i=
nt x);
    set_int64_unsafe p 8 (Int64.of_i=
nt y);
    p
  let x t =3D =
Int64.to_int (get_int64_unsafe t 0)
  let y t =3D =
Int64.to_int (get_int64_unsafe t 8)
end

    

    


    
(making a more efficient (int * int) Array.t is left as an exe=
rcise to the reader)

    


    
The downside compared to bigarrays is that it doesn't support sub without copying. Also,
bytes can be moved by the GC (during minor GCs or compaction), and therefor=
e you cannot
release the runtime lock when passing them to C. The latter point is less r=
elevant with the
multicore extensions, especially since there is no compactor yet. There is =
some related
discussion on the eio repository: https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/eio/issues/140

    

    

    

    





    

    ML Family Workshop 2022: Final Call for Presentations
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ml-family-wor=
kshop-2022-final-call-for-presentations/9877/2

    

    


    

    Benoit Montagu announced
    

    

    

    

    ML Family Workshop 2022: DEADLINE EXTENSION
    

    

    
To increase your chances of submitting your work to the ML workshop,
the submission deadline is extended by a week.
The new deadline is Friday 10th June (AoE).

    


    
A quick reminder:

    


    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Users and Developers Workshop 2022
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-users-and-developer=
s-workshop-2022/9726/4

    

    


    

    Matija Pretnar announced
    

    

    
To offer additional opportunities to contribute to the OCaml workshop, and =
to align with the
ML family
workshop, to
which you are also cordially invited, the submission deadline has been exte=
nded by a week to
Friday, June 10 (anywhere on Earth).

    

    

    

    





    

    dkml-c-probe.2.0.0: Cross-compiler friendly definitions for C =
compiling
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/ann-dkml-c-probe-2-0-0-cross-compiler-friendly-definitions-for-c-c=
ompiling/9950/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
Summary: dkml-c-probe is a new package for maintainers who compile or link =
C code. Install it
with opam install dkml-c-probe. Full docs are at
https://github.co=
m/diskuv/dkml-c-probe#readme

    

    


    

    Problem
    

    

    
You are creating an OCaml package that has foreign C code. Perhaps you need=
 special C headers
or libraries when you are targeting Apple users, or perhaps you need to exe=
cute custom OCaml
code for Android users. More generally you need a way to determine whether =
your OCaml or C
code is compiling for a Linux AMD/Intel 64-bit, Android ARM 32-bit, or any =
other ABI target.

    

    

    


    

    Solution
    

    

    
A user of your OCaml package may, for example, be on a 64-bit AMD/Intel Lin=
ux machine using a
32-bit OCaml system compiled with gcc -m32; additionally they =
have a 32-bit Android ARM
cross-compiler toolchain. dkml-c-probe will tell you the targe=
t operating system is Linux
and the target ABI is Linux_x86 except when the cross-compiler=
 toolchain is invoked. With
the cross-compiler toolchain dkml-c-probe will tell you the ta=
rget operating system is
Android and the target ABI is Android_arm32v7a.

    

    

    


    

    How it works
    

    

    
dkml-c-probe uses C preprocessor definitions (ex. #if TA=
RGET_CPU_X86_64, #if
__ANDROID__, etc.) to determine which ABI the C compiler (ex. =
ocamlopt -config | grep
native_c_compiler) is targeting.

    


    
This isn't a new idea. The pattern is used in Esy and Mirage code as well. =
dkml-c-probe
just codifies the pattern for use in your own code.

    

    

    


    

    Usage
    

    

    
In OCaml code you can use the versioned module:

    


    

    module V2 :
  sig
    type t_os =3D Android | IOS | Linux | OSX | Windows
    type t_abi =3D
        Android_=
arm64v8a
      | Android_=
arm32v7a
      | Android_=
x86
      | Android_=
x86_64
      | Darwin_a=
rm64
      | Darwin_x=
86_64
      | Linux_ar=
m64
      | Linux_ar=
m32v6
      | Linux_ar=
m32v7
      | Linux_x8=
6_64
      | Linux_x8=
6
      | Windows_=
x86_64
      | Windows_=
x86
      | Windows_=
arm64
      | Windows_=
arm32
    val get_os : (t_os, Rresult.R.msg) result Lazy.t
    val get_abi : (t_abi, Rresult.R.msg) result Lazy.t
    val get_abi_name : (string, Rresult.R.msg) result Laz=
y.t
  end

    

    


    
In C code you can use the provided dkml_compiler_probe.h
header from within Dune or Opam. Here is a
snippet that handles part of the Linux introspection:

    


    

    #elif __lin=
ux__
#   if __ANDROID__
#       ...
#   else
#       define DKML_OS_NAME "Linux"
#       define DKML_OS_Linux
#       if __aarch64__
#           define DKML_ABI "linux_arm64=
"
#           define DKML_ABI_linux_arm64
#       elif __arm__
#           if defined(__ARM_ARCH_6__) || #               define DKML_ABI "linux=
_arm32v6"
#               define DKML_ABI_linux_arm32v6
#           elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_7__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7A__) ||
defined(__ARM_ARCH_7R__) || defined(=
__ARM_ARCH_7M__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_7S__)
#               define DKML_ABI "linux=
_arm32v7"
#               define DKML_ABI_linux_arm32v7
#           endif /* __ARM_ARCH_6__ || .=
..,  __ARM_ARCH_7__ || ... */
#       elif __x86_64__
#           define DKML_ABI "linux_x86_6=
4"
#           define DKML_ABI_linux_x86_64
#       elif __i386__
#           define DKML_ABI "linux_x86"<=
/span>
#           define DKML_ABI_linux_x86
#       elif defined(__ppc64__) || defin=
ed(__PPC64__)
#           define DKML_ABI "linux_ppc64=
"
#           define DKML_ABI_linux_ppc64
#       elif __s390x__
#           define DKML_ABI "linux_s390x=
"
#           define DKML_ABI_linux_s390x
#       endif /* __aarch64__, __arm__, _=
_x86_64__, __i386__, __ppc64__ || __PPC64__,
__s390x__ */

    

    

    

    


    

    Versioning and Contributing
    

    

    
Whenever a new ABI is added, it goes into a new version (ex. module V=
3). Your existing code
that uses module V2 will be unaffected.

    


    
But each new ABI needs to have its own maintainer because I don't have acce=
ss to every
hardware platform on the planet!

    


    
For example, PowerPC (ppc64) and Linux on IBM Z (s390x) are supported in the C Header but
not the OCaml module because there are no PowerPC and S390x maintainers.

    


    
Please consider contributing, especially if you want others to have an easi=
er compilation
story for your favorite hardware platform.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Full-Stack Web Dev in OCaml Tutorial w/ Dream, Bonsai, and Gra=
phQL
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/fu=
ll-stack-web-dev-in-ocaml-tutorial-w-dream-bonsai-and-graphql/9963/1

    

    


    

    Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! I=E2=80=99ve written a tutorial blog series about full-stack w=
eb development in OCaml,
and wanted to share it here.

    


    
Last semester, I took Penn State's CMPSC
431W,
where our final project was to build a database-driven web application. Sin=
ce I'm fairly
familiar with web programming through my work on Flarum and past
internships/side projects, I decided to use this opportunity to explore the=
 OCaml web
development ecosystem. I used =
Dream for the backend, and
Bonsai for the fronten=
d.

    


    
While working on this project, I realized two things:

    


      

    • OCaml is very underrated for web development. In addition to all the la=
nguage=E2=80=99s great features and safety guarantees, the ecosystem is pre=
tty good! Dream near-perfectly coincides with my vision of backend webdev, =
and Bonsai has a great balance of flexibility/elegance and safety.
      • 

    • I couldn=E2=80=99t find realistic but accessible full-stack web project=
s in OCaml available for reference. I found tutorials for bits and pieces, but n=
othing that connected all the dots.
      • 

    


    
I really enjoyed writing an article series on hardware design=
 with
OCaml, so I
decided to do so for web development as well. In total, I wrote 7 articles =
that walk through
my project=E2=80=99s:

    


      

    1. Full-Stack WebDev in OCaml Intro. This includes some backgro=
und on the project, and instructions for accessing the live demo.
      2. 

    2. Backend WebDev w/ Dream and Caqti.
      3. 

    3. Building GraphQL APIs with Dream
      4. 

    4. Sett=
ing up Bonsai.
      5. 

    5. U=
nderstanding Bonsai. I actually wrote the first draft of this before I =
decided to do a blog, while trying to, well, understand Bonsai. It goes ove=
r some underlying concepts (SPAs, Frontend State Management, Algebraic Effe=
cts, Monads), as well as Bonsai=E2=80=99s core design.
      6. 

    6. Using GraphQL in Bonsai.
      7. 

    7. Routing in Bonsai and Project Conclusion.
      8. 

    


    
Additionally, the project=E2=80=99s README has a
comprehensive overview of the tech stack, folder structure, and usage instr=
uctions. It also
includes some reflections on design decisions and my experience working wit=
h these libraries.

    


    
I had a lot of fun writing these, and I hope they=E2=80=99re useful to anyo=
ne considering OCaml for
web development. Would be happy to answer any questions or comments.

    

    

    



    

    Alexander (Sasha) Skvortsov later added
    

    

    
Also, forgot to mention this
originally, but I recommend accessing the demo with one of the emails from =
this
file or
this file (all
passwords are still
here), as those
users can also demo create/update functionalities.

    

    

    



    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied
    

    

    
People who are looking for more lightweight alternatives =E2=80=93 and want=
 to do web programming without bothering too much about front end insanity =
can have a look at
hc (yes indeed: sending HT=
ML over fetch, web programming excels at running in circles).

    


    
The front JavaScript for that CRUD webapp comes out at 132Ko uncompressed without even trying to =
tweak anything.

    

    

    

    





    

    Sketch.sh now supports multiple compiler versions, starting wi=
th 4.13.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/ann-sketch-sh-now-supports-multiple-compiler-versions-starting-wit=
h-4-13-1/9971/1

    

    


    

    Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced
    

    

    
The interactive OCaml sketchbook sketch.sh has now support to store,
edit and run sketches in different versions of the OCaml compiler.

    

    




    

    Existing sketches and forks
    

    

    
Previously existing sketches remain in 4.06.1, while newly created sketches=
 will be on
4.13.1. For now, the only way to "migrate" a sketch to the newer version of=
 the compiler is
by copying its content and pasting it in a new sketch.

    


    
Forked sketches inherit the compiler version of the forked sketch.

    

    

    


    

    Future plans
    

    

    
In the future, there are plans to support version 4.14.0 of the compiler, a=
nd we are
considering adding a way so that the version of the compiler can be chosen =
for a given
sketch. We are also working on migrating the editor UI codebase to a more r=
ecent version of
ReasonReact, and use JSX3 instead of JSX2.

    

    

    


    

    Feature requests and bugs
    

    

    
Please let us=
 know in case you have a
feature request, or if you encounter any issues or bugs. Also, don't hesita=
te to reach out
via DM or any other means if you would like to contribute or participate in=
 the project in
some way.

    


    
Thanks to Ahrefs for supporting an Open=
 Source Day initiative, which
allowed to allocate time to work on this improvement for sketch.sh, and for=
 providing the
infrastructure to run the sketch.sh service for the community. Thanks as we=
ll to the authors
and maintainers of the OCaml compiler, js_of_ocaml, and ReScript, that sket=
ch.sh relies upon.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Explicit type binding and mutual recursion
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/explicit-type-binding-a=
nd-mutual-recursion/9973/3

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, octachron explained
    

    

    
For most use cases, if you want an explicit annotation for recursive functi=
on, it will be
much simpler to use the type a. ... form:

    

    

    let rec foo: type a. a -> a =3D fun x -> x
and bar: type a.=
 a -> a =3D fun x -> foo x

    

    

    
This form is a shortcut for both adding an explicit universal quantified an=
d and a
corresponding locally abstract type (in other words ~let f :  'a . …=
. =3D fun (type a) -> … ~).

    


    
The root issue with

    


    

    let rec f (a) (x:a) =3D f x

    

    

    
is that the locally abstract type a is introduced after =
f. Moreover, without an explicit
type annotation, a recursive function like f is monomorphic in=
 its body and a monorphic
function cannot be called on a type that was defined after the function.

    


    
In other words, the issue is that in term of type scopes, the function f is equivalent to

    

    

    let f =3D ref Fun.id
type t =3D A
let x =3D !f=
 A

    

    

    
which also fails with

    

    Error: This expression has type t but an expression was expected of type 'a
       The type constructor t would escape its scope

    

    
This is why the second solution proposed by @Gopiandcode  works. Indeed, in

    


    

    let foo, bar =3D fun =
(type let rec foo (x: a) : a =3D=
 x
  and bar (x:<=
span style=3D"color: #228b22;"> a) :=
 a =3D foo x in
  foo, bar

    

    

    
the type a is defined before the recursive functions foo=
 and bar, thus foo a does not
break any scope constraint.

    

    

    

    





    

    findlib-1.9.4
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-06/msg00004.html=


    

    


    

    Gerd Stolpmann announced
    

    

    
findlib-1.9.4 is out. It mainly includes a change in the configuration
script needed for OCaml-4-14.

    


    
For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

    


    
http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html

    


    
An updated OPAM package will follow soon.

    

    

    

    





    

    omake-0.10.4
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-06/msg00005.html=


    

    


    

    Gerd Stolpmann announced
    

    

    
I just released omake-0.10.4, the build utility. This finally includes
the fix for Apple Silicon, but also
a couple of small changes (roughly everything since PR#100 to PR#146 on
GitHub).

    


    
For docs and the download link see
http://project=
s.camlcity.org/projects/omake.html. opam is underway.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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	by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id DB736E0038
	for ; Tue, 14 Jun 2022 11:29:58 +0200 (CEST)
Authentication-Results: mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr; spf=Pass smtp.pra=alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org; spf=Pass smtp.mailfrom=SRS0=deZQ=WV=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org; spf=Pass smtp.helo=postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=pra; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=deZQ=WV=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  SRS0=deZQ=WV=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=deZQ=WV=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=deZQ=WV=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=helo; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=deZQ=WV=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1";
  x-record-text="v=spf1 a -all"
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2022 11:29:56 +0200
Message-ID: <87r13rh9t7.fsf@m4x.org>
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 07 to 14, 2022.

    





    

    Lwt informal user survey
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/lwt-informal-user-survey/9666/3

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Rapha=C3=ABl Proust said
    

    

    
Thanks to everyone who took the time to answer the polls above. I've now cl=
osed them.

    


    
The first pull-request to come out of this poll is [https://github.com/ocsigen/lwt/pull/947](r=
emoving support for
OCaml<=3D4.07). This was the cutoff in the poll. It removes a lot of #if preprocessing statements and a few
workarounds to stay compatible with old Stdlib interfaces. Thanks to @hanne=
s for contributing most of the commits on
this pull-request.
If support for OCaml<=3D4.07 is important to you, please participate in =
the pull-request's discussion or on this
thread.

    


    
Stay tuned for more. (But also be patient.)

    

    

    

    





    

    Tutorial: Full-Stack Web Dev in OCaml w/ Dream, Bonsai, and Gr=
aphQL
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/t=
utorial-full-stack-web-dev-in-ocaml-w-dream-bonsai-and-graphql/9963/20

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, jerben asked and Daniel B=C3=
=BCnzli replied
    

    

    

    
Very interesting, did you write somewhere about how it compares to htmx?

    

    


    
Not really.

    


    
As far as I can remember I liked the ideas but found their execution to be =
a bit lacking, sometimes ad-hoc in their
attribute DSL, focusing more on the show off to convince single page applic=
ation proponents of the approach than on a
clear conceptual model (which hc tries to detail in the manual
here).

    


    
Two other things that come to mind are:

    


      

    1. AFAIR their examples relied a lot on unique id attributes =
for targeting request results. Unless you find a principled and automated w=
ay to generate these that's not compositional and brittle. In hc I =
extended the CSS selector syntax to allow to address your ancestors (pe=
ace be upon them). That's more compositional but now you become sensitive t=
o structural changes in your markup =E2=80=93 pick your poison[^1].
      2. 

    2. I'm no longer sure about that, i.e. don't take my word for it, but I th=
ink their DSL allowed to spread the definition of an interaction among many=
 elements which made it more difficult to understand what is happening. In =
hc all attributes defining the effects of an interaction are a=
lways located on a single element, the element that performs the request.

    


    
Finally when things go wrong I prefer to have to understand 700 lines of
ml rather than 2800 lines of
JavaScript (note that they likely have better legacy
browser support and more functionality).

    


    
In any case there's a long list of todos in hc and it likely n=
eeds one or two more design rounds before getting to
something decent =E2=80=93 if that's even remotely possible on the web.

    


    

    
Dang it @dbuenzli one day you=E2=80=99ll run out of letters and need to com=
e up with an actual name for your libraries.

    

    


    
Mind you I tried to use three letters once, but the whole experience turned=
 out to be extremely
unpleasant :=E2=80=93)

    


    
[^1]: Using unique ids reifed in an OCaml EDSL could be a better idea.

    

    

    

    





    

    dkml-c-probe: Cross-compiler friendly definitions for C compil=
ing
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/ann-dkml-c-probe-cross-compiler-friendly-definitions-for-c-compiling/995=
0/8

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
V3 is available. Its C_abi module has some big enhancements:

    

      

    • cleaner API (thanks @mseri!)
      • 

    • recognizes the BSD family: OpenBSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD and DragonFly on x8=
6_64 hardware
      • 

    • integration testing now includes OpenBSD, FreeBSD and one cross-compili=
ng toolchain (macOS x86_64 host that targets arm64)
      • 

    


    
V3 also has a new module C_conf which occupies the same proble=
m space as findlib / ocamlfind and pkg-config:

    

      

    • Unlike findlib which is a specification+tool for 3rd party=
 OCaml libraries, C_conf is a specification+tool for foreign C=
 libraries
      • 

    • Unlike pkg-config which is a specification+tool for system=
 (host ABI) C libraries, C_conf is a specification+tool for th=
e multiple ABIs that are present when you cross-compile OCaml or C code
      • 

    • Unlike pkg-config which is designed for Unix, C_conf=
 is designed for Windows and Unix where paths may have spaces, backs=
lashes and colons
      • 

    • For now the specification is based on environment variables. If it prov=
es useful the specification can be extended.
      • 

    


    
Examples and doc links for V3 are available at
https://git=
hub.com/diskuv/dkml-c-probe#dkml-c-probe

    

    

    



    

    Marcello Seri asked and jbeckford replied
    

    

    

    
Thanks a lot for the update! Can you say a bit more about how C_conf<=
/code> works?

    

    


    
C_conf has a detailed problem statement and spec at
https://diskuv.github.io/dkml-c-probe/dkml-c-probe/Dkml_=
c_probe/C_conf/index.html (which is linked to on the
dkml-c-probe README).

    


    
I probably shouldn't regurgitate the doc here, so I'll take a few key piece=
s from the doc and then post some things
here that I didn't put on that doc page …

    


      

    1. 
Here is my configuration for locating the "gmp" library on my Apple Silicon=
 host machine that cross-compiles to x86_64:

      


      CP_GMP_CC_DEFAULT                 =3D -IZ:/build/darwin_arm64/vcpkg_install=
ed/arm64-osx/include
CP_GMP_CC_DEFAULT_DARWIN_X86_64   =3D -IZ:/build/darwin_x86_64/vcpkg_instal=
led/x64-osx/include
CP_GMP_LINK_DEFAULT               =3D -LZ:/build/darwin_arm64/vcpkg_install=
ed/arm64-osx/lib;-lgmp
CP_GMP_LINK_DEFAULT_DARWIN_X86_64 =3D -LZ:/build/darwin_x86_64/vcpkg_instal=
led/x64-osx/lib;-lgmp

      


        

      • The other direction may be more interesting, since the free GitHub Acti=
ons only supports x86_64. The scenario of taking a macOS x86_64 GitHub host=
 and cross-compiling to Apple Silicon is implemented and partially tested.
        • 

      2. 

    2. 
I am using a C package manager (vcpkg) to give me cross-compiled libraries =
and the flags for the target ABI (in this case darwin_x86_64 is the target =
ABI). In general it doesn't matter where you get your target ABI compatible=
 libraries from. Example: When I'm cross-compiling to Android on a Windows =
x86_64 host, the Android Studio environment gives me some libraries for an =
Android Emulator (host ABI) and also prebuilt libraries for 4 Android devic=
e ABIs:

      


      Directory: C:\Users\xxx\AppData\Local\Android\Sdk\ndk\23.1.7779620\prebuilt

Mode                 LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                 -------------         ------ ----
d-----        10/20/2021   8:27 PM                android-arm
d-----        10/20/2021   8:27 PM                android-arm64
d-----        10/20/2021   8:27 PM                android-x86
d-----        10/20/2021   8:26 PM                android-x86_64
d-----        10/20/2021   8:27 PM                windows-x86_64

      3. 

    3. The CP_clibrary_CC_DEFAULT_abi configuration relies on abi (the ocamlfind toolchain name) being standardized. The =
gmp library, for example, is used by many OCaml packages; I wanted o=
ne configuration for gmp, not one configuration for each (gmp, OCaml package) combination. In fact, getting a consistent abi naming was one of my motivations for releasing dkml-c-p=
robe. I don't think the prior art got this right … the very s=
tale opam-cro=
ss-android project uses abi =3D "android" which is=
 insufficient to differentiate the 5+ sets of libraries available in Androi=
d Studio.
      4. 

    4. 
The "gmp" (etc.) configuration is done once in a familiar syntax (-L,=
 -I, -l). However the C_conf library will parse and pri=
nt the configuration in the appropriate C compiler syntax. When the MSVC co=
mpiler is used you get MSVC style linking:

      

      

      [
  "-LIBPATH:Z:/build/darwin_x86_64/vcpkg_in=
stalled/x64-osx/lib";
  "gmp.lib"
]

      

      

      
MSVC and GCC conventions are supported today in C_conf.

      5. 

    5. A real example of using C_conf is in my customization of <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/jonahbeckford/Zarith/blob/a1bf6d55cd3c4b91dee0=
afb2309ef11271e9729b/discover.ml">zarith library. It checks C_con=
f first to see whether the user has the host/target ABI configuratio=
n; if it doesn't it falls back to pkg-config.
      6. 

    


    
The trend of using pkg-config in OCaml packages makes both nat=
ive Windows and cross-compilation difficult. At the moment we unintentio=
nally shoot ourselves in the foot because Dune documentation encou=
rages pkg-config for understandable reasons. I hope =
dkml-c-probe can break that trend.

    

    

    

    





    

    Htmx/hc web development approach
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/htmx-hc-web-development-approach=
/9993/11

    

    


    

    Vladimir Keleshev announced asked
    

    

    
@cemerick, @yawaramin, @dbuenzli, and others who've used htmx/hc with OCaml=
 back-end: what is your experience with
templating? It seems that htmx/hc puts high requirements on a flexible HTML=
 templating/DSL. What did you choose and
is it working out for you?

    

    

    



    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied
    

    

    
I'm using OCaml and an absolutely trivial HTML generation
library. If you want to see a real world example head
to the *_html.{ml,mli} files in this directory
(more on the structure found there
here)

    


    
Works quite well for me but I'd say the problem is not really templating it=
's rather non-brittle URL management. For
that I use this module which while I'm not
entirely convinced by it yet, allows me to type them and avoid the stringly=
 unchecked  dependendencies so
characteristic of the web development world.

    

    

    



    

    Chas Emerick also replied
    

    

    
Yeah, you're right on that point.

    


    
I'm using tyxml for 99% of my HTML generation, specifically its jsx ppx. I =
am judicious about keeping the main logics
of the project in OCaml proper; .re files exist exclusively to=
 hold markup. The end result is a very ple=
asant
environment IMO. In the end, I dearly wish there was a way to get actual HT=
ML syntax into .ml files (I am no fan of
reason syntax outside of jsx, and I suspect the sorta-legacy jsx toolchain =
leftover from reasonml will end up being a
tech risk over time), but as things stand, it's the best option I've found.

    

    

    



    

    Yawar Amin also replied
    

    

    
I'm just using Dream's 'built-in' templating, 'Embedded ML (.eml)', it work=
s reasonably well–each template or
partial is just a function that you define to take some arguments and retur=
n some markup. It even auto-escapes to
prevent injection attacks. E.g.,

    


    let card name =3D
  <div class=3D"card"><%s name %></div>

    


    
There are a couple of tricks to be aware of with the EML syntax but in gene=
ral it works well.

    

    

    



    

    Simon Cruanes also replied
    

    

    
For the little webdev I do (internal tools mostly for myself), I've also be=
en using server side html generation, with
my own wheels tools and a bit of htmx.

    


    
Here's an excerpt from a personal project, with my own httpd and html combi=
nators; it adds a root to handle
/thy/<some string>:

    


    

    let h_thy (self:state) : unit =3D
  H.add_route_handler self.server
    H.Route.(exact "thy" @/ strin=
g_urlencoded @/ return) @@ fun <=
span style=3D"color: #a0522d;">thy_name req ->
  let@ () =3D top=
_wrap_ req in
  let thy =3D Idx.find_thy self.st.idx thy_name in
  let res =3D
    let open Html i=
n
    [
      div[cls "container"][
        h3[][txtf "Theory %s" thy_name];
        Thy_file.to_html thy;
        div [
          "hx-trigger", "load";
          "hx-get", (spf "/eval/%s" @@ H.Util.percent_encode thy_name=
);
          "hx-swap", "innerHtml"] [
          span[cls "htmx-indicator";=
 A.id ][
            txt "[evaluating…]";
          ]
        ];
      ]
    ]
  in
  reply_page ~title:(spf "theory %s" thy_name) req res

    

    

    

    

    










    

    Yojson 2.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-yojson-2-0-0/10003/1

    

    


    

    Marek Kubica announced
    

    

    
This Friday, it is my pleasure to announce the release of Yojson 2.0.0. You=
 can get it in your loc=
al OPAM
repository.

    


    
Key highlights include:

    


      

    • Fewer dependencies: Given Yojson is a common dependency we cut down on =
its dependencies so you have to install less and have less transitive depen=
dencies
      • 

    • Seq interface: Since OCaml 4.14 deprecates Stream and 5.0 removes it, this was a good time to change to this interface

    • Buffer interface: coming along with #1, we changed Yojson =
to use Buffer wherever it was using Biniou types =
before
      • 

    


    
Thanks to everybody involved in this release!

    


    
If Yojson sounds like an interesting project for you to contribute, join
us.

    


    
Full changelog follows:

    

    


    

    2.0.0
    

    

    
2022-06-02

    

    


    

    Removed
    

    

      

    • Removed dependency on easy-format and removed pretty_format from
Yojson, Yojson.Basic, Yojson.Safe an=
d Yojson.Raw. (@c-cube, #90)
      • 

    • 
Removed dependency on biniou, simplifying the chain of depende=
ncies. This
changes some APIs:

      

        

      • Bi_outbuf.t in signatures is replaced with Buffer.t<=
/code>
        • 

      • to_outbuf becomes to_buffer and stream_=
to_outbuf becomes
stream_to_buffer
        • 

      

      
(@Leonidas, #74, and @gasche, #132)

      • 

    • Removed yojson-biniou library
      • 

    • Removed deprecated json type aliasing type t =
which has been available
since 1.6.0 (@Leonidas, #100).
      • 

    • Removed json_max type (@Leonidas, #103)
      • 

    • Removed constraint that the "root" value being rendered (via either
pretty_print or to_string) must be an object or a=
rray. (@cemerick, #121)
      • 

    • Removed validate_json as it only made sense if the type wa=
s called json.
(@Leonidas, #137)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Add
    

    

      

    • Add an opam package yojson-bench to deal with benchmarks d=
ependency
(@tmcgilchrist, #117)
      • 

    • Add a benchmark to judge the respective performance of providing a buff=
er vs
letting Yojson create an internal (#134, @Leonidas)
      • 

    • Add an optional suf keyword argument was added to function=
s that write
serialized JSON, thus allowing NDJSON output. Most functions default to not
adding any suffix except for to_file (#124, @panglesd) and fun=
ctions
writing sequences of values where the default is \n (#135,
@Leonidas)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Change
    

    

      

    • The stream_from_* and stream_to_* functions n=
ow use a Seq.t instead of a
Stream.t, and they are renamed into seq_from_* an=
d seq_to_* (@gasche, #131).
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Fix
    

    

      

    • Avoid copying unnecessarily large amounts of strings when parsing (#85,=
 #108,
@Leonidas)
      • 

    • Fix stream_to_file (#133, @tcoopman and @gasche)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

    opentelemetry 0.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opentelemetry-0-2/10005/1

    

    


    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the release of ocaml-opentelemetry
0.2. This library provides a core instrumentation library, as well as expor=
ters, for the
opentelemetry standard for observ=
ability; it encompasses distributed tracing, metrics,
and (more recently) log export. A lot of tools are compatible with opentele=
metry these days, including Grafana,
DataDog, jaeger, etc.

    


    
This is still very early days for ocaml-opentelemetry, feedback and contrib=
utions are welcome.

    

    

    

    





    

    omake-0.10.5
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-06/msg00012.html=


    

    


    

    Gerd Stolpmann announced
    

    

    
I just released omake-0.10.5, the build utility, which fixes the broken
installation of version 0.10.4 from last week.

    


    
For docs and the download link see
http://project=
s.camlcity.org/projects/omake.html. opam is underway.

    

    

    

    





    

    findlib-1.9.5
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-06/msg00012.html=


    

    


    

    Gerd Stolpmann announced
    

    

    
findlib-1.9.5 is out, fixing some scripting errors in the version 1.9.4
from last week.

    


    
For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

    


    
http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html

    


    
An updated OPAM package will follow soon.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2022 10:06:34 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 14 to 21,
2022.

Table of Contents
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=80

OBazl Toolsuite - tools for building OCaml with Bazel
Job offer: 3 years compiler engineer at the French tax authority
OCaml 5.0, zeroth alpha release
Tezt, a framework for all your tests
OCaml Stdlib, Containers, Batteries, Base and F# core functions comparisons
Dune 3.3.0
Old CWN


OBazl Toolsuite - tools for building OCaml with Bazel
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  Archive:
  


Gregg Reynolds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Version 2 of OBazl, a Bazel ruleset for building OCaml code, will soon
  be available.  I'm letting you know early because I'll be giving a
  presentation about the OBazl Toolsuite for the [Bazel Exchange]
  conference next Wed, 22 June, at 3:00 pm UDT (10:00 am CDT). It's a
  virtual conference so you can tune in from anywhere.  The talk will
  focus on some of the quirks of the OCaml build discipline and how I
  addressed them for the OBazl ruleset.

  The tools are usable now, they're just not yet properly documented and
  packaged, and in a few places there's a little more work to be done on
  the code. Nonetheless there is quite a bit of documentation (CAVEAT:
  some of it is outdated), with more on the way soon, and there are lots
  of demos available.  So if you're interested in using Bazel to build
  your OCaml code I welcome you to take a look:

  [The OBazl Book]

  Twitter handle is @obazldev Discord: [https://discord.gg/PHSAW5DUva]


[Bazel Exchange]


[The OBazl Book] 

[https://discord.gg/PHSAW5DUva] 


Gregg Reynolds lated added
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=E2=94=80

  PS.  The conference organizers have provided this discount token:
  BAZEL-GR-20

  It should be good for 20% off, registration is at
  [https://events.skillsmatter.com/bazelx2022]


[https://events.skillsmatter.com/bazelx2022]



Job offer: 3 years compiler engineer at the French tax authority
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Denis Merigoux announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [En fran=C3=A7ais parce que c'est une offre d'emploi dans l'administratio=
n]

  Bonjour =C3=A0 toutes et =C3=A0 tous,

  Vous aimez la programmation fonctionnelle et les compilateurs ? Vous
  en avez marre des offres d'emploi dans la blockchain ? =C3=87a tombe bien,
  j'ai ce qu'il vous faut !

  Il y a deux ans, j'ai lanc=C3=A9 un grand projet de modernisation du calc=
ul
  informatique de calcul de l'imp=C3=B4t sur le revenu =C3=A0 la Direction
  G=C3=A9n=C3=A9rale des Finances Publiques (DGFiP), en partenariat avec In=
ria:
  .

  Le logiciel au c=C5=93ur de ce projet de modernisation est Mlang, un
  compilateur =C3=A9crit en OCaml pour un couple de langages d=C3=A9di=C3=
=A9s utilis=C3=A9s
  par la DGFiP pour encoder le calcul de l'imp=C3=B4t sur le revenu. Depuis
  deux ans, la DGFiP travaille =C3=A0 int=C3=A9grer Mlang =C3=A0 l'infrastr=
ucture
  officielle de calcul de l'imp=C3=B4t sur le revenu pour remplacer des
  syst=C3=A8mes vieillissants. C'est donc un projet =C3=A0 tr=C3=A8s fort i=
mpact (80M=E2=82=AC
  par d'imp=C3=B4ts par an), et proche de la R&D (OCaml, libre, innovation)=
 !
  Depuis un an, la DGFiP emploie la soci=C3=A9t=C3=A9 OCamlPro sur le proje=
t mais
  souhaite maintenant r=C3=A9-internaliser ses comp=C3=A9tences pour garder=
 la
  souverainet=C3=A9 num=C3=A9rique sur son infrastructure de calcul.

  C'est l=C3=A0 que cette offre d'emploi entre en jeu ! En effet la DGFiP
  vient d'ouvrir un poste en CDD de 3 ans pour un.e expert.e en
  compilation ! Les d=C3=A9tails :

  =E2=80=A2 Bureaux =C3=A0 Noisy-le-Grand (+ jusqu'=C3=A0 3 jours t=C3=A9l=
=C3=A9travail/semaine)
  =E2=80=A2 Salaire: =C3=80 n=C3=A9gocier selon exp=C3=A9rience mais simila=
ire =C3=A0 "Inspecteur
    des finances publiques". Selon le site du minist=C3=A8re de l'=C3=A9con=
omie =C3=A7a
    d=C3=A9buterait =C3=A0 3k=E2=82=AC net/mois.
  =E2=80=A2 T=C3=A2ches: Maintenance, =C3=A9volution de Mlang et travaux an=
nexes

  Et pour l'heureux.se recrut=C3=A9.e, la cerise sur le g=C3=A2teau sera de
  pouvoir collaborer avec moi et l'=C3=A9quipe Prosecco d'Inria (ainsi que
  Rapha=C3=ABl Monat, ) :) Attention cependant : il faudra s'attendre =C3=A0
  devoir =C3=A9galement aider l'=C3=A9quipe de la DGFiP sur d'autres chanti=
ers en
  fonction des priorit=C3=A9s. De m=C3=AAme, l'objectif est de partager la
  comp=C3=A9tence en compilation au sein de la DGFiP, donc les profils
  =C3=A9vang=C3=A9lisateurs de la programmation fonctionnelle sont les bien=
venus !

  Pour r=C3=A9f=C3=A9rence, voici l'offre officielle compl=C3=A8te:
  . S'il vous pla=C3=AEt, pas
  d'autocensure =C3=A0 cause de ce qui est marqu=C3=A9 dans ce PDF! Si vous=
 avez
  un doute contactez-moi par retour de mail.

  Deadline pour les candidatures: 9 juillet. Prise de poste inconnue,
  s=C3=BBrement aux alentours du 1er septembre mais j'imagine que c'est
  n=C3=A9gociable.


Denis Merigoux later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Si vous =C3=AAtes int=C3=A9ress=C3=A9.e, envoyez votre CV et lettre de mo=
tivation =C3=A0
  bureau.si-part-rh@dgfip.finances.gouv.fr et
  bureau.rh-mobilite-carriere-a-recrutementchoix@dgfip.finances.gouv.fr.


OCaml 5.0, zeroth alpha release
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Five months after the initial merge of the multicore branch into the
  mainline OCaml and three months after the release of OCaml 4.14.0,
  OCaml 5.0.0 is starting to take shape.

  I am thus happy to announce an exceptional zeroth alpha release of
  OCaml 5.0.0 (see below for the installation instructions).

  This alpha release is expected to be rougher than an usual alpha
  release, due to the full rewrite of the OCaml runtime. In particular,
  the bytecode debugger will only be available in the next alpha
  release. Similarly, there will be some changes to the internal C
  runtime API and to the files installed by the compiler package in the
  next alpha release.

  Moreover, this zeroth alpha release is the occasion to remind everyone
  that OCaml 5.0 itself is expected to be a more experimental release
  than usual. Notably, the native compiler will only be available on the
  ARM64 and x86-64 architectures in this 5.0 release.

  Nevertheless, this zeroth alpha version is already stable enough for
  fellow hackers eager to join us in our early bug hunting and opam
  ecosystem fixing fun, or to venture in the new era of parallelism and
  (experimental) effects.

  You can follow the progresses in stabilising the opam ecosystem on

  

  A brief summary is that at least dune, merlin, ppxlib, utop,
  ocamlfind, and ocamlbuild work (potentially by using patches from the
  alpha opam repository).

  If you find any bugs, please report them here:

  

  In particular, any sequential OCaml 4 library or program should be
  valid in OCaml 5 (except for deprecated modules and functions). Please
  don't hesitate to report any compatibility bugs!

  If you are interested by the ongoing list of bug fixes, the updated
  change log for OCaml 5.0.0 is available at:

  


Installation instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=
=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=
=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=
=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=
=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=
=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=
=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=
=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=
=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95=E2=80=95
  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha0
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  For previous version of opam, the switch creation command line is
  slightly more verbose:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha0 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=
=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.0.0~alpha0+op=
tions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where `' is a comma separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha0+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.0=
.0~alpha0+options ocaml-option-flambda
  =E2=94=82 ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  The command line above is slightly more complicated for an opam
  version anterior to opam 2.1:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  --packages=3Docaml-variants.5.=
0.0~alpha0+options,
  =E2=94=82 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/oc=
aml-beta-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  In both cases, all available options can be listed with `opam search
  ocaml-option'.

  If you want to test this version, it is strongly advised to install
  the alpha opam repository

  

  with
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-rep=
ository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  This alpha repository contains various fixes in the process of being
  upstreamed.

  The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli asked and octachron replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Does this mean we get [global warming] again ?

  Indeed! I should have mentioned that point! The normal development
  process can restart on the compiler development branch.

  I will also try to slowly go through the backlog of frozen PRs once
  the alpha releases settle down.


[global warming]



Tezt, a framework for all your tests
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


rbardou announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Tezt (pronounced [/t=C9=9Bzti/]) is a test framework for OCaml that has
  been developed and used at Nomadic Labs to test [Octez], an OCaml
  implementation of the Tezos blockchain. It has become quite mature and
  we feel it would benefit the OCaml community at large, so we are
  releasing it publicly as a standalone product.

  Tezt is well-suited for unit tests, integration tests, and regression
  tests in particular. It was designed with a focus on user experience,
  with colourful logs, various ways to select the tests to run from the
  command-line, and more. It integrates well into CI pipelines. And it
  cleans up after itself, deleting temporary files and killing external
  processes. Unless you tell it not to, of course.

  For a more in-depth tour of Tezt, see [our latest blog post entry].

  Tezt is available on opam:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam install tezt
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Have a look at the [API documentation] and the [source code].


[/t=C9=9Bzti/] 

[Octez]


[our latest blog post entry]


[API documentation]


[source code] 


OCaml Stdlib, Containers, Batteries, Base and F# core functions comparisons
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jp R announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  

  Comparisons (names/signatures) of the core functions used in:

  =E2=80=A2 OCaml Stdlib (v4.41.0)
  =E2=80=A2 Containers (v3.8)
  =E2=80=A2 Batteries (v3.5.1)
  =E2=80=A2 Base (v0.15.0)
  =E2=80=A2 F# (v6.0) as a bonus

  Note: F# provides an Array.Parallel module with some functions
   (choose, collect, init, iter, iteri, map, mapi, partition) which
   could be good candidates for OCaml 5.0.0=E2=80=A6


Dune 3.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Millon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the dune team, I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the release of
  version 3.3.0. This is the first version that supports the upcoming
  OCaml 5.0. It also improves safety by sandboxing more rules and
  enabling more warnings, and there's a bunch of new features on the coq
  side too. Full changelog follows.

  Note that as usual, dune works hard not to break existing packages. So
  even if it mentions that rules require precise dependencies, for
  example, this new safety net is only enabled for project that use
  `(lang dune 3.3)'.

  Happy hacking.


3.3.0 (17-06-2022)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Sandbox preprocessing, lint, and dialect rules by default. All =
these
    rules now require precise dependency specifications (#5807,
    @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow list expansion in the `pps' specification for preprocessi=
ng
    (#5820, @Firobe)

  =E2=80=A2 Add warnings 67-69 to dune's default set of warnings. These are
    warnings of the form "unused X.." (#5844, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Introduce project "composition" for coq theories. Coq theories =
in
    separate projects can now refer to each other when in the same
    workspace (#5784, @Alizter, @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix hint message for `data_only_dirs' that wrongly mentions the
    unknown constructor `data_only' (#5803, @lambdaxdotx)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix creating sandbox directory trees by getting rid of buggy
    memoization (#5794, @rgrinberg, @snowleopard)

  =E2=80=A2 Handle directory dependencies in sandboxed rules. Previously, t=
he
    parents of these directory dependencies weren't created. (#5754,
    @rgrinberg)

  =E2=80=A2 Set the exit code to 130 when dune is terminated with a signal
    (#5769, fixes #5757)

  =E2=80=A2 Support new locations of unix, str, dynlink in OCaml >=3D 5.0 (=
#5582,
    @dra27)

  =E2=80=A2 The `coq.theory' stanza now produces rules for running
    `coqdoc'. Given a theory named `mytheory', the directory targets
    `mytheory.html/' and `mytheory.tex/' or additionally the aliases
    `@doc' and `@doc-latex' will build the HTML and LaTeX documentation
    repsectively. (#5695, fixes #3760, @Alizter)

  =E2=80=A2 Coq theories marked as `(boot)' cannot depend on other theories
    (#5867, @ejgallego)

  =E2=80=A2 Ignore `bigarray' in `(libraries)' with OCaml >=3D 5.0. (#5526,=
 fixes
    #5494, @moyodiallo)

  =E2=80=A2 Start with :standard when building the ctypes generated foreign
    stubs so that we include important compiler flags, such as -fPIC
    (#5816, fixes #5809).


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 14 to 21, 2022.

    





    

    OBazl Toolsuite - tools for building OCaml with Bazel
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/obazl-toolsui=
te-tools-for-building-ocaml-with-bazel/10021/1

    

    


    

    Gregg Reynolds announced
    

    

    
Version 2 of OBazl, a Bazel ruleset for building OCaml code, will soon be a=
vailable.  I'm letting you know early
because I'll be giving a presentation about the OBazl Toolsuite for the Bazel
Exchange conference next Wed, 22 June, at 3:00 pm UDT
(10:00 am CDT). It's a virtual conference so you can tune in from anywhere.=
  The talk will focus on some of the
quirks of the OCaml build discipline and how I addressed them for the OBazl=
 ruleset.

    


    
The tools are usable now, they're just not yet properly documented and pack=
aged, and in a few places there's a little
more work to be done on the code. Nonetheless there is quite a bit of docum=
entation (CAVEAT: some of it is outdated),
with more on the way soon, and there are lots of demos available.  So if yo=
u're interested in using Bazel to build
your OCaml code I welcome you to take a look:

    


    
The OBazl Book

    


    
Twitter handle is @obazldev
Discord:  https://discord.gg/PHSA=
W5DUva

    

    

    



    

    Gregg Reynolds lated added
    

    

    
PS.  The conference organizers have provided this discount token:  BAZEL-GR=
-20

    


    
It should be good for 20% off, registration is at
https://events.skill=
smatter.com/bazelx2022

    

    

    

    





    

    Job offer: 3 years compiler engineer at the French tax authori=
ty
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/j=
ob-offer-3-years-compiler-engineer-at-the-french-tax-authority/10023/1

    

    


    

    Denis Merigoux announced
    

    

    
[En fran=C3=A7ais parce que c'est une offre d'emploi dans l'administration]

    


    
Bonjour =C3=A0 toutes et =C3=A0 tous,

    


    
Vous aimez la programmation fonctionnelle et les compilateurs ? Vous en ave=
z marre des offres d'emploi dans la
blockchain ? =C3=87a tombe bien, j'ai ce qu'il vous faut !

    


    
Il y a deux ans, j'ai lanc=C3=A9 un grand projet de modernisation du calcul=
 informatique de calcul de l'imp=C3=B4t sur le
revenu =C3=A0 la Direction G=C3=A9n=C3=A9rale des Finances Publiques (DGFiP=
), en partenariat avec Inria:
https://www.inria.fr/fr/mlang-modernisation-calcul-impot-revenu.

    


    
Le logiciel au c=C5=93ur de ce projet de modernisation est Mlang, un compil=
ateur =C3=A9crit en OCaml pour un couple de langages
d=C3=A9di=C3=A9s utilis=C3=A9s par la DGFiP pour encoder le calcul de l'imp=
=C3=B4t sur le revenu. Depuis deux ans, la DGFiP travaille =C3=A0
int=C3=A9grer Mlang =C3=A0 l'infrastructure officielle de calcul de l'imp=
=C3=B4t sur le revenu pour remplacer des syst=C3=A8mes
vieillissants. C'est donc un projet =C3=A0 tr=C3=A8s fort impact (80M=E2=82=
=AC par d'imp=C3=B4ts par an), et proche de la R&D (OCaml, libre,
innovation) ! Depuis un an, la DGFiP emploie la soci=C3=A9t=C3=A9 OCamlPro =
sur le projet mais souhaite maintenant
r=C3=A9-internaliser ses comp=C3=A9tences pour garder la souverainet=C3=A9 =
num=C3=A9rique sur son infrastructure de calcul.

    


    
C'est l=C3=A0 que cette offre d'emploi entre en jeu ! En effet la DGFiP vie=
nt d'ouvrir un poste en CDD de 3 ans pour un.e
expert.e en compilation ! Les d=C3=A9tails :

    


      

    • Bureaux =C3=A0 Noisy-le-Grand (+ jusqu'=C3=A0 3 jours t=C3=A9l=C3=A9tra=
vail/semaine)
      • 

    • Salaire: =C3=80 n=C3=A9gocier selon exp=C3=A9rience mais similaire =C3=
=A0 "Inspecteur des finances publiques". Selon le site du minist=C3=A8re de=
 l'=C3=A9conomie =C3=A7a d=C3=A9buterait =C3=A0 3k=E2=82=AC net/mois.
      • 

    • T=C3=A2ches: Maintenance, =C3=A9volution de Mlang et travaux annexes

    


    
Et pour l'heureux.se recrut=C3=A9.e, la cerise sur le g=C3=A2teau sera de p=
ouvoir collaborer avec moi et l'=C3=A9quipe Prosecco
d'Inria (ainsi que Rapha=C3=ABl Monat, ) :) Attention cependant : il faudra=
 s'attendre =C3=A0 devoir =C3=A9galement aider l'=C3=A9quipe
de la DGFiP sur d'autres chantiers en fonction des priorit=C3=A9s. De m=C3=
=AAme, l'objectif est de partager la comp=C3=A9tence en
compilation au sein de la DGFiP, donc les profils =C3=A9vang=C3=A9lisateurs=
 de la programmation fonctionnelle sont les
bienvenus !

    


    
Pour r=C3=A9f=C3=A9rence, voici l'offre officielle compl=C3=A8te: https://merigoux.ovh/assets=
/OffreDGFiP.pdf. S'il vous pla=C3=AEt, pas
d'autocensure =C3=A0 cause de ce qui est marqu=C3=A9 dans ce PDF! Si vous a=
vez un doute contactez-moi par retour de mail.

    


    
Deadline pour les candidatures: 9 juillet. Prise de poste inconnue, s=C3=BB=
rement aux alentours du 1er septembre mais
j'imagine que c'est n=C3=A9gociable.

    

    

    



    

    Denis Merigoux later added
    

    

    
Si vous =C3=AAtes int=C3=A9ress=C3=A9.e, envoyez votre CV et lettre de moti=
vation =C3=A0 bureau.si-part-rh@dgfip.finances.gouv.fr et
bureau.rh-mobilite-carriere-a-recrutementchoix@dgfip.finances.gouv.fr.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml 5.0, zeroth alpha release
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-0-zeroth-alpha-release/100=
26/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Five months after the initial merge of the multicore branch into the mainli=
ne OCaml and three months after the
release of OCaml 4.14.0, OCaml 5.0.0 is starting to take shape.

    


    
I am thus happy to announce an exceptional zeroth alpha release of OCaml 5.=
0.0 (see below for the installation
instructions).

    


    
This alpha release is expected to be rougher than an usual alpha release, d=
ue to the full rewrite of the OCaml
runtime. In particular, the bytecode debugger will only be available in the=
 next alpha release. Similarly, there will
be some changes to the internal C runtime API and to the files installed by=
 the compiler package in the next alpha
release.

    


    
Moreover, this zeroth alpha release is the occasion to remind everyone that=
 OCaml 5.0 itself is expected to be a more
experimental release than usual. Notably, the native compiler will only be =
available on the ARM64 and x86-64
architectures in this 5.0 release.

    


    
Nevertheless, this zeroth alpha version is already stable enough for fellow=
 hackers eager to join us in our early bug
hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun, or to venture in the new era of para=
llelism and (experimental) effects.

    


    
You can follow the progresses in stabilising the opam ecosystem on

    


    
https://g=
ithub.com/ocaml/opam-repository/issues/21526

    


    
A brief summary is that at least dune, merlin, ppxlib, utop, ocamlfind, and=
 ocamlbuild work (potentially by using
patches from the alpha opam repository).

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them here:

    


    
https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues

    


    
In particular, any sequential OCaml 4 library or program should be valid in=
 OCaml 5 (except for deprecated modules
and functions). Please don't hesitate to report any compatibility bugs!

    


    
If you are interested by the ongoing list of bug fixes, the updated change =
log for OCaml 5.0.0 is available at:

    


    
https://github.=
com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/5.0/Changes

    

    


    

    Installation instructions
    

    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1:

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha0

    

    
For previous version of opam, the switch creation command line is slightly =
more verbose:

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha0 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https:/=
/github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.0.0~alpha0+options =
<option_list>

    

    
where <option_list> is a comma separated list of o=
caml-option-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and
no-flat-float-array switch:

    

    opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha0+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.0.0~alpha0+op=
tions ocaml-option-flambda
ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    

    
The command line above is slightly more complicated for an opam version ant=
erior to opam 2.1:

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.5.0.0~al=
pha0+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git

    

    
In both cases, all available options can be listed with opam search o=
caml-option.

    


    
If you want to test this version, it is strongly advised to install the alp=
ha opam repository

    


    
https://gi=
thub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository

    


    
with

    

    opam repo add alpha git://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository.git

    

    
This alpha repository contains various fixes in the process of being upstre=
amed.

    


    
The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

    



    

    

    



    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli asked and octachron replied
    

    

    

    
Does this mean we get global
warming again ?

    

    


    
Indeed! I should have mentioned that point! The normal development process =
can restart on the compiler development
branch.

    


    
I will also try to slowly go through the backlog of frozen PRs once the alp=
ha releases settle down.

    

    

    

    





    

    Tezt, a framework for all your tests
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tezt-a-framework-for-=
all-your-tests/10038/1

    

    


    

    rbardou announced
    

    

    
Tezt (pronounced t=
=C9=9Bzti) is a test framework for OCaml that has been
developed and used at Nomadic Labs to test
Octez, an OCaml implementation of the Tezos
blockchain. It has become quite mature and we feel it would benefit the OCa=
ml community at large, so we are releasing
it publicly as a standalone product.

    


    
Tezt is well-suited for unit tests, integration tests, and regression tests=
 in particular. It was designed with a
focus on user experience, with colourful logs, various ways to select the t=
ests to run from the command-line, and
more. It integrates well into CI pipelines. And it cleans up after itself, =
deleting temporary files and killing
external processes. Unless you tell it not to, of course.

    


    
For a more in-depth tour of Tezt, see our latest blog post
entry.

    


    
Tezt is available on opam:

    

    opam install tezt

    

    
Have a look at the API documentation and the source
code.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Stdlib, Containers, Batteries, Base and F# core function=
s comparisons
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/ocaml-stdlib-containers-batteries-base-and-f-core-functions-comparis=
ons/10041/1

    

    


    

    Jp R announced
    

    

    
https://github.com/Fourchaux/OC=
aml-Stdlib_Containers_Batteries_Base-and-FSharp--core-functions-comparisons=


    


    
Comparisons (names/signatures) of the core functions used in:

    


      

    • OCaml Stdlib (v4.41.0)
      • 

    • Containers (v3.8)
      • 

    • Batteries (v3.5.1)
      • 

    • Base (v0.15.0)
      • 

    • F# (v6.0) as a bonus
      • 

    


    
Note:
 F# provides an Array.Parallel module with some functions
 (choose, collect, init, iter, iteri, map, mapi, partition)
 which could be good candidates for OCaml 5.0.0…

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune 3.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-3-0/10048/1

    

    


    

    Etienne Millon announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the dune team, I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the release of =
version 3.3.0. This is the first version that
supports the upcoming OCaml 5.0. It also improves safety by sandboxing more=
 rules and enabling more warnings, and
there's a bunch of new features on the coq side too. Full changelog follows.

    


    
Note that as usual, dune works hard not to break existing packages. So even=
 if it mentions that rules require precise
dependencies, for example, this new safety net is only enabled for project =
that use (lang dune 3.3).

    


    
Happy hacking.

    

    


    

    3.3.0 (17-06-2022)
    

    

      

    • Sandbox preprocessing, lint, and dialect rules by default. All these ru=
les
now require precise dependency specifications (#5807, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Allow list expansion in the pps specification for preproce=
ssing (#5820,
@Firobe)
      • 


    • Add warnings 67-69 to dune's default set of warnings. These are warning=
s of
the form "unused X.." (#5844, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Introduce project "composition" for coq theories. Coq theories in separ=
ate
projects can now refer to each other when in the same workspace (#5784,
@Alizter, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Fix hint message for data_only_dirs that wrongly mentions =
the unknown
constructor data_only (#5803, @lambdaxdotx)
      • 


    • Fix creating sandbox directory trees by getting rid of buggy memoization
(#5794, @rgrinberg, @snowleopard)
      • 


    • Handle directory dependencies in sandboxed rules. Previously, the paren=
ts of
these directory dependencies weren't created. (#5754, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Set the exit code to 130 when dune is terminated with a signal (#5769, =
fixes
#5757)
      • 


    • Support new locations of unix, str, dynlink in OCaml >=3D 5.0 (#5582=
, @dra27)
      • 


    • The coq.theory stanza now produces rules for running coqdoc. Given a
theory named mytheory, the directory targets mytheory.ht=
ml/ and
mytheory.tex/ or additionally the aliases @doc an=
d @doc-latex will
build the HTML and LaTeX documentation repsectively. (#5695, fixes #3760,
@Alizter)
      • 


    • Coq theories marked as (boot) cannot depend on other theor=
ies
(#5867, @ejgallego)
      • 


    • Ignore bigarray in (libraries) with OCaml >=
;=3D 5.0. (#5526, fixes #5494,
@moyodiallo)
      • 


    • Start with :standard when building the ctypes generated foreign stubs s=
o that
we include important compiler flags, such as -fPIC (#5816, fixes #5809).

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 28 Jun 2022 09:37:16 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 21 to 28, 2022.

    


    
The mailing list mode of discuss.ocaml.org seems to have been down for a fe=
w days, so I had to manually scrape the messages. My apologies if I missed =
any.

    





    

    An amusing use of first-class modules: reading from plaintext =
and compressed files
    

    

    
Archive: https://discu=
ss.ocaml.org/t/an-amusing-use-of-first-class-modules-reading-from-plaintext=
-and-compressed-files/10073

    

    


    

    Chet_Murthy explained
    

    

    
I was recently trying to write a thing in Rust, and having problems, so I w=
rote the same thing in OCaml, just to make sure that it was doable. I thoug=
ht I=E2=80=99d post about it, b/c maybe it=E2=80=99s an example of what we=
=E2=80=99ll find more tractable, once we have modular implicits.

    


    
The problem: I have both compressed and plaintext files, and I want to run =
a function over the uncompressed contents. I=E2=80=99d like a combinator th=
at I can apply to the filename and the function, that will do the work of o=
pening the file, calling the function, closing the file, etc.

    


    
This isn=E2=80=99t so hard.

    


      

    1. 
define a type of READER (and two instances for plaintext and gzipped). This=
 is the equivalent of Rust=E2=80=99s =E2=80=9Cio::BufRead=E2=80=9D.

      


      

      module type READER =3D
  sig
    type in_channel
    val open_in : string -> in_channel
    val input_char : in_channel -> char
    val close_in : in_channel -> unit
  end
let stdreader =3D (=
module Stdlib : READER) ;;
let gzreader =3D (m=
odule Gzip : READER) ;;

      

      2. 


    2. 
then define a type of =E2=80=9Cin channel user=E2=80=9D (=E2=80=9CICUSER=E2=
=80=9D) and the generic version of it

      


      

      module type ICUSER =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #000000; font-weight: bold;">sig
  type in_channel
  val use_ic : in_channel -> unit
end
module type GENERIC_ICUSER =3D functor (READER) -> (ICUSER with type in_channel =3D R.in_channel)

      

      3. 


    3. 
then define our function that takes a generic in_channel, and uses it =E2=
=80=93 =E2=80=9CCat=E2=80=9D

      


      

      module Cat(R : READER=
) : =
ICUSER with type<=
/span> in_channel =3D R.in_channel =3D struct
  type in_channel =3D R.in_channel
  let use_ic ic =3D
  let rec rerec () =3D
    match R.input_char ic with
      c -> print_char c ; rerec ()
    | exception End_of_file -> ()
  in rerec ()
end

      

      4. 


    4. 
And then write our =E2=80=9Cwith_input_file=E2=80=9D function, that takes a=
 filename, the function from #3, and applies it to either a normal in_chann=
el, or one produced from a gzip-reader.

      


      

      let with_input_file fname (m=
odule R : GENERIC_ICUSER) =3D
  let (module M : =
READER) =3D
    if Fpath.(fname |> v |> has_ext "gz") then
      gzreader
    else stdreader in
  let open M in
  let ic =3D M.open_in fname in
  let module C =3D R(M) in
  try let rv =
=3D C.use_ic ic in close_in ic ; rv
  with e -> close_in ic ; raise e

      

      5. 

    


    
And now we can use it:

    


    

    with_input_file  (module Cat) ;;
with_input_file "foo.gz" (module Cat) ;;

    

    


    
Easy-peasy. I don=E2=80=99t remember enough about the modular implicits pro=
posal to remember if this can be cast in the supported language there, so I=
 suppose I should get some version of that code (or the newer versions from=
 others) up-and-running, and see if this can be made to work.

    

    

    



    

    hyphenrf asked and Chet_Murthy replied
    

    

    

    
can=E2=80=99t we get rid of the GENERIC_ICUSER requirement and=
 just ask for functions that take a packed module of type READER

    


    
by that I mean the signature of with_input_file becomes =
string -> ((module READER) -> 'a) -> 'a

    

    


    
It=E2=80=99s a good question, and as a newbie user of first-class modules, =
I don=E2=80=99t know the typing rules well enough to answer. But I did try:

    


    

    let with_input_file' fname f=
 =3D
  let (module M : =
READER) =3D
    if Fpath.(fname |> v |> has_ext "gz") then
      gzreader
    else stdreader in
  let open M in
  let ic =3D M.open_in fname in
  f (module M : READER) ic

    

    


    
and got

    


    

    File "ioabs.ml",=
 line 96, characters 24-26:
96 |   f (module M : READER) ic
                             ^^
Error: This expres=
sion has type M.in_channel
       but an expression was expected of type 'a
       The type constructor M.=
in_channel would escape its scope

    

    


    
ETA: I remember in the modular implicits paper, that there was a lot of wra=
ppering code in structs (that didn=E2=80=99t start off in structs). I wonde=
r if that=E2=80=99s evidence that you really do have to =E2=80=9Cpush up=E2=
=80=9D code to the module level in order to make it work.

    

    

    



    

    octachron then said
    

    

    
You don=E2=80=99t need modular implicits to simplify your code. Your packed=
 module type is equivalent to:

    


    

    type channel =3D { input=
_char: unit -> char; close_in: unit -> unit }
type channel_generator =3D string ->  channel

    

    


    
We could go fancy and manifest the type with an existential

    


    

    type 'a channel =3D
  { open_fn: string -> 'a; input_char: 'a -> char; close_in: 'a ->=
 unit }
type chan =3D Any: 'a channel -> chan

    

    


    
but this has mainly the advantage to illustrate the fact that you are never=
 using the non-existentially qualified 'a channel which means =
that in the current version of your code, modular (explicits or) implicits =
is not a good fit: we are not selecting a module to provide functions for a=
 type, we have an object (aka an existentially qualified record) with some =
hidden inner type that we never need to know.

    

    

    



    

    c-cube later said
    

    

    
I think it=E2=80=99s kind of counter-productive to want a in_channel<=
/code> type at all. This is what I=E2=80=99ve been doing, more and more:

    


    

    module type INPUT =3D sig
  val read_char : unit -> char
  val read : bytes -> int -> int -> int
  val close : unit -> unit
end

type input =3D (modu=
le INPUT)

let open_file (file=
name:string) : input =3D
  let ic =3D open_in filename in
  (module struct
    let read_char() =3D input_char ic
    let read =3D input ic
    let close() =3D close_in ic
 end)


let do_sth (module<=
/span> IN:INPUT) =3D
  IC.read_char ();
  IC.read …

    

    


    
This behaves like classic objects in other languages and there=E2=80=99s no=
 complicated typing going on (what with each implementation having its own =
channel type).

    

    

    

    





    

    Lwt.5.6.0 (and other Lwt packages)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-5-6-0-and-other-lwt-pa=
ckages/10077

    

    


    

    raphael-proust announced
    

    

    
It is a real pleasure to announce the release of Lwt version 5.6.0 as well =
as Lwt-domain.0.2.0, Lwt-ppx.2.1.0 and Lwt-react.1.2.0. With this release L=
wt is now compatible with OCaml version 5.

    


    
https://githu=
b.com/ocsigen/lwt/releases/tag/5.6.0

    


    
Thank you to the many contributors for the fixes, the improvements, and the=
 OCaml5 compatibility! Check out the changelog for full details on each con=
tribution.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 05 Jul 2022 09:42:40 +0200
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and compressed files
    

    

    
Archive: https://dis=
cuss.ocaml.org/t/an-amusing-use-of-first-class-modules-reading-from-plainte=
xt-and-compressed-files/10073/9

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Ma=C3=ABlan asked and Simon C=
ruanes replied
    

    

    

    
You got me curious: what=E2=80=99s the reason for using a first-class modul=
e here instead of a record or an object?

    

    


    
Of course!

    


      

    • compared to records, I find first-class modules to be a lot more conven=
ient for this use case. I still use records for d=
ata, but a record-of-function is often less convenient. For example,=
 modules allow you to use include, they directly handle down-c=
asting as a way to hide internal state (whereas for modules you need to clo=
se over values created before the record); module types are structural, so =
I don't need to worry about disambiguation, whereas records need more care =
there. In terms of performance both seem exactly the same, from my toy benc=
hmarks.
      • 

    • compared to objects, first-class modules are a bit less convenient (no =
runtime-free cast, no true inheritance/mixin), but LSP and other tools are =
fragile. In addition, invoking an object method seems to be roughly twice a=
s slow as a record/module field access =E2=80=94 I suppose it's because the=
 latter is just an access via offset. That's on a micro benchmark so in rea=
lity it might be worse.
      • 

    

    

    

    










    

    Open Source tooling engineer at Jane Street
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-open-source-t=
ooling-engineer-at-jane-street/10083/1

    

    


    

    Yaron Minsky announced
    

    

    
We're looking to hire someone to join our build-systems team with a focus o=
n open-source tooling. We currently
release almost a million lines of code of our internal libraries and tools,=
 including things like Sexplib, Base,
Core, Async, Incremental, Bonsai, Hardcaml, memtrace-viewer, and patdiff.

    


    
We have internal tooling for moving code from our internal repositories to =
Github and for publishing to opam, and for
ferrying information back from Github to our internal tools, so that develo=
pers can more easily and promptly respond
to PRs and issues coming from the outside.

    


    
We want to make open-sourcing our code better and faster, so it's easier fo=
r us to work with outside contributors,
and improvements can get out to the community more quickly. Your work would=
 be to make our releases delightfully easy
and reliable!

    


    
I wrote a bit more about it here:

    


    
https://twitter.com/yminsky/status/1536766031=
313739776?s=3D20&t=3DsCyUlHGHO1y3znBh4pl0Xw

    


    
If you're interested, go ahead and make an ordinary application
to our software engineering role, and mention that you're interested in "op=
en-source tooling". We're happy to hire
for this role in both London and New York.

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune how to define custom build task
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-how-to-define-custom-bu=
ild-task/10092/1

    

    


    

    cnmade explained
    

    

    
dune has very powerful extensions, but the documentation doesn't tell you d=
irectly. Today I'll share a specific
example of how we can make dune do many things with a dune configuration.

    


    
For example

    


      

    • Publish compiled documents to our documentation server
      • 

    • Sending email notifications to email groups
      • 

    • Sending SMS notifications to administrators
      • 

    • Build a document and open a browser to preview the document page
      • 

    


    
Let's start with an example, we create a dune file in the root directory of=
 our project, which you may not have
originally, you have to create a new one, we enter the following

    


    ; now we tell you how to define a custom rule
; rule start with (rule )
(rule
; (alias is point  the command name , so you can run this rule by call  dun=
e build @docopen
 (alias docopen)
 ; following line is very important, it tell dune do not cache this build c=
ommand, so it will running every call
without any cache
 (deps (universe))
 ; action  (system  to told system run command by `sh` in your Linux/MacOS,=
 windows user may running cmd.exe
 ; cd ../.. is change the base directory of the running command ,or the def=
ault directory will be _build/default
 (action (system "cd ../.. && pwd &&  dune build @doc &=
& open _build/default/_doc/_html/index.html" ))
)
; end of one piece of rule

; and we define more and more rule as we want
(rule
  (alias whoami)
  (deps (universe))
  (action (system "uname -a;whoami"))
)

    


    
In this example, we define two rules, the rules are the tasks that dune can=
 recognize, in dune, it is called rules

    


    
Because it is a custom build command, we use alias to take a unique and non=
-repeating alias.

    


    
The first build command is to build the document and open the browser previ=
ew.

    


    
Our alias is docopen

    


    
Then deps we add universe to tell dune that you don't want to cache and giv=
e me a new build every time. If you don't
add this line, dune will only give you one build, and then because of the c=
ache, you won't be able to execute it
later.

    


    
action  following by  system here, action is the command to start, system m=
eans to use the system shell (windows is
cmd, linux macos is sh) to give you the execution of the code you specify.

    


    
You can see the first we are first change the directory to the project root=
 directory [because the default directory
is _build/default], and then we perform the build document generation, and =
then open open the generated html page.

    


    
The first build command is this, if you want to perform the first build tas=
k, you can type

    


    
dune build @docopen

    


    
Then our second build command, relatively simple, with reference to the fir=
st, we can add a lot of build commands we
want to add inside this dune configuration file.

    


    
We just need to specify different alias aliases for them, no duplication.

    


    
The official documentation also specifies some other available commands,   =
I won't go into them one by one. Since I
prefer to use shell scripts, I really only need the system to execute my sh=
ell scripts for me.

    

    

    

    





    

    Lwt.5.6.0 (and other Lwt packages)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-5-6-0-and-other-lwt-=
packages/10077/2

    

    


    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    

    

    Lwt 5.6.1
    

    

    
Version 5.6.1 of the Lwt package has been released. This version contains a=
 fix for a bug introduced in 5.6.0 whereby
devnull file descriptor would be closed during some uses of Lwt_proce=
ss.

    


    
https://githu=
b.com/ocsigen/lwt/releases/tag/5.6.1

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Windows-friendly OCaml 4.12 distribution - Diskuv OCaml 0.1.0<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-windows-friendly-ocaml-4-12-distribution-diskuv-ocaml-0-1-0/8358/21

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
The 0.4.0 release of Diskuv OCaml for Windows users is available! It is usa=
ble enough that I've let my school-age
kids (elementary through high school) install it and go through some tutori=
als.

    


    
https://g=
ithub.com/diskuv/dkml-installer-ocaml#readme

    


    
The links to the documentation are available from the above link as well.

    


    
Here are the one-time inconveniences if you install this release:

    

      

    1. The built-in antivirus Windows Defender treats newly signed binaries li=
ke spam. There needs to be enough people who "Report this file as safe" bef=
ore the binaries are trusted. If you do nothing but mark it safe or inst=
all it on Windows, you are helping others!
      2. 

    2. The installer will automatically install the Visual Studio compiler if =
needed. But Visual Studio sometimes requires a reboot. The instructions wil=
l tell you if you need the reboot.
      3. 

    3. The Visual Studio Code OCaml plugin defaults to expecting a legacy ocamlenv program on Windows. You have to search for ocamlenv=
 in Visual Studio Code Settings and disable it. This should have a f=
ix, but not in time for this release.
      4. 

    

    


    

    Windows parity with Unix
    

    

      

    1. opam commands like opam install should work w=
ithout any wrappers. But
you should create new switches with opam dkml init (see =
--help for options).
      2. 

    2. 
dune commands like dune build should work without=
 any wrappers. The only
hiccup is that aliases like dune build @runtest need to be esc=
aped in
PowerShell like:

      

      dune build `@runtest

      3. 

    3. You have partial support if your home directory has spaces, since it is=
 very common on Windows to have your username be FirstName LastName. So far I've configured/patched most things to work with spaces, but =
there could be common packages that were missed, and only NTFS drives work.=

      4. 

    4. OCaml 4.12.1. I'd like to upgrade to 4.13 or 4.14, but having support f=
or Visual Studio Code debugging with 4.12-only ocamlearlybird is more important, =
especially for traditional Windows users.
      5. 

    5. Dune 2.9.3. I've bundled in support in 2.9.3 for fswatch/inotify so tha=
t dune build --watch works on Windows. Nothing is blocking an =
upgrade to 3.x except time (ie. not now) and a reason.
      6. 

    6. Opam 2.1.2 plus some PRs that are pending the not-yet-released version =
2.2.
      7. 

    7. Git performance on Windows just sucks. It is like someone designed it f=
or a Linux kernel =F0=9F=A4=A8. Apparently Git=
 FSMonitor in 2.37.0 can be enabled to speed things up, but I don't hav=
e real-world experience with it because it was just released yesterday.
      8. 

    8. MSYS2, which can be accessed with with-dkml bash, now uses=
 the CLANG64 variant. There are thousands of up-to-date third-party librari=
es available and, unlike MinGW, they are ABI compatible with the dominant W=
indows compiler (MSVC). And if you are interested there is an ocamlverse Help Wanted=
 to add the CLANG64 compiler as an alternative to the Administrator-req=
uiring, reboot-needing MSVC compiler.
      9. 

    


    
Thanks to OCaml Software Foundation for sponsoring this!

    


    
0.4.x will be the last minor versions of the "preview". I'll be shifting to=
 closing out any show-stopping bugs, and
updating the various Windows onboarding guides for OCaml to officially incl=
ude Diskuv OCaml.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCamlFormat Web Configurator
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-web-configurator=
/10103/1

    

    


    

    Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to share with you the ocamlformat configurator as a web
page.

    


    
Ocamlformat is a great tool that really makes editing code a more pleasant =
experience. It has a bunch of different
built in profiles and many additional options to fine tune how the code sho=
uld look like. While I would encourage
most people and new projects to use one of the default profiles, the many o=
ptions are helpful when transitioning an
existing codebase. Unfortunately it is not super easy to figure out which o=
ptions to use and how to combine them.
There are 58 parameters! I've
spent a long time trying different combinations by changing an option in my=
 .ocamlformat, running `dune build @fmt`,
checking the code, going back to the first step… It is a tedious wor=
k. So I decided to make a simple web interface
with all of the options available and a faster feedback loop.

    



    

    =3D"24e891e9e1400d4a47debf9e34b3ea414bebf418_2_1380x826.jpeg"

    

    


    
Thanks to js_of_ocaml the task was not too complicated. Ocamlformat can be =
compiled to javascript, there is nothing
special to do. Which means everything can be done in the browser, the code =
won't leak to anyone, there is no need to
maintain a server, and the result will be guaranteed to be identical as a f=
ormatting with the cli tool.

    


    
The configuration can be set through text (just put the content of your `.o=
camlformat` in the text box) and through a
bunch of dropdown. They will be combined together. The dropdown takes prece=
dence over the textual configuration if an
option is set in both.

    


    
The project has been started as part of the "open source day" at Ahrefs (we=
 try to dedicate some time to open source
projects that we use internally). It is still in its infancy. Please pardon=
 the terrible style, I am not a web
developer and didn't have time to make it look nicer yet. There are some an=
noying things to fix (no feedback when the
code is invalid and can't be formatted), and many improvements to come (a w=
ay to download the configuration for
example). But I think that it is already working well enough to be used by =
others.

    


    
You can find the configurator at https://ahrefs.github.io/ocamlformat/ 
    
The source code is on github at https://github.com/ahrefs/ocamlformat/=
tree/ahrefs/web-ui/bin/web-ui

    


    
If you like ocaml and want to look for a job, we have some positions available

    

    

    

    





    

    Release of optiml-transport
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-optiml-transport/1=
0128/1

    

    


    

    Igarnier announced
    

    

    
Hi! optiml-transpo=
rt was just released on opam. This library binds
C++ primitives to solve the
[optimal transportation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_th=
eory_(mathematics)) problem between finite
weighted point clouds (i.e. finite measures). Concretely, this allows to li=
ft any
metric on a base=
 space to a metric on finitely supported probability
measures over that base space. (In fact, the library works with cost functi=
ons more general than that satisfying the
metric axioms.) The library also outputs an optimal coupling between any tw=
o such measures. Optimal transportation
has many applications in statistics, graphics, optimization, etc.

    


    
The library consists in bindings to https://github.com/nbonneel/network_simplex

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 12 Jul 2022 09:59:28 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 05 to 12,
2022.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Dune how to define custom build task
Timedesc 0.8.0 - modern date time handling
containers 3.9
OBazl 2.0.0-alpha-1 (Building OCaml SW with Bazel)
QCheck 0.19
Opam-cross-windows now supports OCaml 4.14.0!
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Dune how to define custom build task
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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  Archive:
  


cnmade explained
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  dune has very powerful extensions, but the documentation doesn't tell
  you directly. Today I'll share a specific example of how we can make
  dune do many things with a dune configuration.

  For example

  =E2=80=A2 Publish compiled documents to our documentation server
  =E2=80=A2 Sending email notifications to email groups
  =E2=80=A2 Sending SMS notifications to administrators
  =E2=80=A2 Build a document and open a browser to preview the document page

  Let's start with an example, we create a dune file in the root
  directory of our project, which you may not have originally, you have
  to create a new one, we enter the following

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ; now we tell you how to define a custom rule
  =E2=94=82 ; rule start with (rule )
  =E2=94=82 (rule
  =E2=94=82 ; (alias is point  the command name , so you can run this rule =
by call  dune build @docopen
  =E2=94=82  (alias docopen)
  =E2=94=82  ; following line is very important, it tell dune do not cache =
this build command, so it will running every call
  =E2=94=82 without any cache
  =E2=94=82  (deps (universe))
  =E2=94=82  ; action  (system  to told system run command by `sh` in your =
Linux/MacOS, windows user may running cmd.exe
  =E2=94=82  ; cd ../.. is change the base directory of the running command=
 ,or the default directory will be _build/default
  =E2=94=82  (action (system "cd ../.. && pwd &&  dune build @doc && open _=
build/default/_doc/_html/index.html" ))
  =E2=94=82 )
  =E2=94=82 ; end of one piece of rule
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ; and we define more and more rule as we want
  =E2=94=82 (rule
  =E2=94=82   (alias whoami)
  =E2=94=82   (deps (universe))
  =E2=94=82   (action (system "uname -a;whoami"))
  =E2=94=82 )
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In this example, we define two rules, the rules are the tasks that
  dune can recognize, in dune, it is called rules

  Because it is a custom build command, we use alias to take a unique
  and non-repeating alias.

  The first build command is to build the document and open the browser
  preview.

  Our alias is docopen

  Then deps we add universe to tell dune that you don't want to cache
  and give me a new build every time. If you don't add this line, dune
  will only give you one build, and then because of the cache, you won't
  be able to execute it later.

  action following by system here, action is the command to start,
  system means to use the system shell (windows is cmd, linux macos is
  sh) to give you the execution of the code you specify.

  You can see the first we are first change the directory to the project
  root directory [because the default directory is _build/default], and
  then we perform the build document generation, and then open open the
  generated html page.

  The first build command is this, if you want to perform the first
  build task, you can type

  `dune build @docopen'

  Then our second build command, relatively simple, with reference to
  the first, we can add a lot of build commands we want to add inside
  this dune configuration file.

  We just need to specify different alias aliases for them, no
  duplication.

  The official documentation also specifies some other available
  commands, I won't go into them one by one. Since I prefer to use shell
  scripts, I really only need the system to execute my shell scripts for
  me.


Timedesc 0.8.0 - modern date time handling
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90

  Archive:
  


Darren announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the release of Timedesc 0.8.0.

  Timedesc is a very comprehensive date time handling library with good
  support of time zone.

  [Homepage]


[Homepage] 

Features
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Timestamp and date time handling with platform independent time=
 zone
    support
    =E2=80=A2 Subset of the IANA time zone database is built into this libr=
ary
  =E2=80=A2 Supports Gregorian calendar date, ISO week date, and ISO ordinal
    date
  =E2=80=A2 Supports nanosecond precision
  =E2=80=A2 ISO8601 parsing and RFC3339 printing


Main changes since 0.6.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Significantly reduced size of time zone database by using a cus=
tom
    compression scheme
    =E2=80=A2 Many thanks to @glennsl for the proposed scheme at issue [#46]
    =E2=80=A2 This yields reduction of roughly 82% for same date period. The
      exact range of years included has been tuned slightly as well and
      I've lost track of the exact size after compilation.
  =E2=80=A2 Significantly reduced the number of dependencies, and moved JS,=
 JSON
    code into separate packages
    =E2=80=A2 Removed dependencies: `fmt', `containers', `oseq'
      =E2=80=A2 Introduced `sexplib' dependency for sexp handling consequen=
tly
        as previously containers `CCSexp' was used
    =E2=80=A2 Moved JSON code into `timedesc-json' package along with Yojson
      dependency
    =E2=80=A2 Moved `tzlocal' and `tzdb' stuff into their own separate pack=
ages
      (`timedesc-tzlocal' and `timedesc-tzdb' respectively)
    =E2=80=A2 Moved JS tzlocal backend into `timedesc-tzlocal-js' (along wi=
th JS
      specific dependencies)


[#46] 


Quality of life changes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Updated string conversion functions based on pretty printers wh=
ich
    raise `Date_time_cannot_deduce_offset_from_utc' to raise the
    exception instead of returning `None'
    =E2=80=A2 This simplifies the handling as return type is now simply just
      `string'
    =E2=80=A2 And for serious stuff users are expected to use only unambigu=
ous
      date times anyway, which would not trigger this exception
  =E2=80=A2 Added ISO8601 printing facilities to `Timestamp' module for
    consistency
    =E2=80=A2 They are just aliases to the RFC3339 printers


containers 3.9
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce that containers 3.9 has just been
  released. Containers is a lightweight, modular extension of the stdlib
  that tries to remains compatible with it.

  Containers is starting to sprout some serialization primitives: it now
  has codecs for Bencode and CBOR. This release also contains a revamp
  of the testlib system (bye qtest) and the use of ocamlformat, for
  potential contributors who enjoy that. Containers should also be
  compatible with OCaml 5.0.


OBazl 2.0.0-alpha-1 (Building OCaml SW with Bazel)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gregg Reynolds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've tagged alpha versions of OBazl [rules_ocaml] and [tools_opam].
  The best way to start exploring is via [demos_obazl], which contains
  over 100 mostly simple demo/test programs, many of which are
  commented.  Three simple commands get you configured and then `bazel
  test test' runs all the tests.

  Tested on MacOS 12.4 and Ubuntu 20.

  Documentation is still in progress but there is useful info at [The
  OBazl Book].

  Lot's of things to say about this version but I'll stick to one point
  of interest.  The four basic OCaml compilers are modeled by Bazel's
  platforms and toolchains mechanisms.  Two of the compilers are
  actually cross-compilers (e.g.  `ocamlc.opt' runs on the system arch
  but targets the OCaml vm), so to pick a compiler you tell OBazl which
  buildhost and targethost platforms you want.  I've predefined
  configurations in [.bazelrc]; for example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 build:bcnc --host_platform=3D@opam//tc/host/build:bc
  =E2=94=82 build:bcnc --platforms=3D@opam//tc/host/target:nc
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  which means to select the `ocamlopt.byte' (cross-)compiler, pass
  `--config=3Dbcnc'.

  Kinda cool IMHO. Maybe overkill for the basic compilers, but the
  mechanism is essential to support remote builds, custom compiler
  implementations and genuine cross-compilers.

  Feedback welcome.


[rules_ocaml] 

[tools_opam] 

[demos_obazl]


[The OBazl Book] 

[.bazelrc]



QCheck 0.19
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jan Midtgaard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to share the release of QCheck 0.19 - a library for
  property-based testing in OCaml in the style of Haskell's QuickCheck.

  =E2=80=A2 GitHub repo: 
  =E2=80=A2 Documentation: 

  The 0.19 release brings a range of new features and improvements
  detailed below and combines the effort of several individual
  contributors.

  It is now available on opam.

  Release notes:

  =E2=80=A2 new features and feature extensions
    =E2=80=A2 add optional `debug_shrink' parameters in alcotest interface =
and
      expose default `debug_shrinking_choices' in test runners
    =E2=80=A2 add missing `?handler' parameter to `Test.check_cell_exn'
    =E2=80=A2 add an option `retries' parameter to `Test.make' et al. for
      checking a property repeatedly while shrinking.  This can be
      useful when testing non-deterministic code.
    =E2=80=A2 add `tup2' to `tup9' for generators
    =E2=80=A2 add `Test.make_neg' for negative property-based tests, that a=
re
      expected not to satisfy the tested property.
    =E2=80=A2 add environment variable `QCHECK_LONG_FACTOR' similar to
      `QCHECK_COUNT'
    =E2=80=A2 rename `Gen.opt' to `Gen.option' but keep the old binding for
      compatibility.
    =E2=80=A2 shrinker changes
      =E2=80=A2 recursive `list' shrinker with better complexity
      =E2=80=A2 `string' shrinker reuses improved `list' shrinker and adds
        `char' shrinking
      =E2=80=A2 function shrinker now shrinks default entry first and benef=
its
        from `list' shrinker improvements
      =E2=80=A2 replacing the linear-time `char' shrinker with a faster one
        reusing the bisecting `int' shrinker algorithm
      =E2=80=A2 add `Shrink.char_numeral' and `Shrink.char_printable'
      =E2=80=A2 add shrinking for `char arbitrary~s ~char', `printable_char=
',
        and `numeral_char'

  =E2=80=A2 bug fixes
    =E2=80=A2 fix function generation affecting reproducability
    =E2=80=A2 fix distribution of `QCheck2.printable' which would omit cert=
ain
      characters
    =E2=80=A2 use `Float.equal' for comparing `float~s in the ~Observable'
      module underlying function generators.

  =E2=80=A2 documentation updates:
    =E2=80=A2 clarify upper bound inclusion in `Gen.int_bound' and
      `Gen.int_range'
    =E2=80=A2 clarify `printable_char' and `Gen.printable' distributions
    =E2=80=A2 add missing `string_gen_of_size' and `small_printable_string'
      documentation
    =E2=80=A2 document `QCheck_alcotest.to_alcotest'
    =E2=80=A2 fix documented size distribution for `arbitrary' generators
      `string_gen', `string', `printable_string', `numeral_string',
      `list', and `array'
    =E2=80=A2 fix exception documentation for `check_result', `check_cell_e=
xn',
      and `check_exn'
    =E2=80=A2 fix documentation for the distribution of `Gen.printable' and
      `printable_char'
    =E2=80=A2 fix documentation for the shrinking behaviour of
      `QCheck2.printable'

  =E2=80=A2 internal and test suite changes
    =E2=80=A2 add additional expect and unit tests and refactor expect test
      suite
    =E2=80=A2 add a shrinker performance benchmark
    =E2=80=A2 remove `--no-buffer' option on `dune runtest' to avoid garbli=
ng
      the test output
    =E2=80=A2 make test suite run on 32-bit architectures


Opam-cross-windows now supports OCaml 4.14.0!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Romain Beauxis announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Bit of a late announcement but the `opam-cross-windows' project now
  supports the OCaml compiler version `4.14.0':
  

  The `opam-cross-windows' project is part of an initiative started by
  @whitequark to provide cross-compilation support to existing `opam'
  packages. This allows users to compile binaries for windows but also
  android and ios on a linux or macos host.

  Support for packages is a on best-effort basis and is always looking
  for more contributors. Adding a package can be a little tricky at
  times but, if your package uses `dune', the cross-compilation support
  there is pretty wonderful and makes it pretty easy to add
  cross-compiled packages.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [The Magic of Merlin]
  =E2=80=A2 [Thales Cyber@Station F Selection]
  =E2=80=A2 [Team Tarides Visits a 17th Century Chateau]
  =E2=80=A2 [Functional Conf 2022]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5 Alpha Release]
  =E2=80=A2 [Adding Merkle Proofs to Tezos]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Matrix: A Virtual World]
  =E2=80=A2 [Tarides Sponsors 12th Annual Journ=C3=A9es Franciliennes]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml.org Reboot: User-Centric Design & Content]
  =E2=80=A2 [Lightning Fast with Irmin: Tezos Storage is 6x faster with 100=
0 TPS
    surpassed]
  =E2=80=A2 [Tarides Partners with 50inTech!]
  =E2=80=A2 [What's New in MirageOS 4!]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[The Magic of Merlin]


[Thales Cyber@Station F Selection]


[Team Tarides Visits a 17th Century Chateau]


[Functional Conf 2022]


[OCaml 5 Alpha Release]


[Adding Merkle Proofs to Tezos]


[OCaml Matrix: A Virtual World]


[Tarides Sponsors 12th Annual Journ=C3=A9es Franciliennes]


[OCaml.org Reboot: User-Centric Design & Content]


[Lightning Fast with Irmin: Tezos Storage is 6x faster with 1000 TPS
surpassed]


[Tarides Partners with 50inTech!]


[What's New in MirageOS 4!]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 05 to 12, 2022.

    





    

    Dune how to define custom build task
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-how-to-define-custom-bu=
ild-task/10092/1

    

    


    

    cnmade explained
    

    

    
dune has very powerful extensions, but the documentation doesn't tell you d=
irectly. Today I'll share a specific
example of how we can make dune do many things with a dune configuration.

    


    
For example

    


      

    • Publish compiled documents to our documentation server
      • 

    • Sending email notifications to email groups
      • 

    • Sending SMS notifications to administrators
      • 

    • Build a document and open a browser to preview the document page
      • 

    


    
Let's start with an example, we create a dune file in the root directory of=
 our project, which you may not have
originally, you have to create a new one, we enter the following

    


    ; now we tell you how to define a custom rule
; rule start with (rule )
(rule
; (alias is point  the command name , so you can run this rule by call  dun=
e build @docopen
 (alias docopen)
 ; following line is very important, it tell dune do not cache this build c=
ommand, so it will running every call
without any cache
 (deps (universe))
 ; action  (system  to told system run command by `sh` in your Linux/MacOS,=
 windows user may running cmd.exe
 ; cd ../.. is change the base directory of the running command ,or the def=
ault directory will be _build/default
 (action (system "cd ../.. && pwd &&  dune build @doc &=
& open _build/default/_doc/_html/index.html" ))
)
; end of one piece of rule

; and we define more and more rule as we want
(rule
  (alias whoami)
  (deps (universe))
  (action (system "uname -a;whoami"))
)

    


    
In this example, we define two rules, the rules are the tasks that dune can=
 recognize, in dune, it is called rules

    


    
Because it is a custom build command, we use alias to take a unique and non=
-repeating alias.

    


    
The first build command is to build the document and open the browser previ=
ew.

    


    
Our alias is docopen

    


    
Then deps we add universe to tell dune that you don't want to cache and giv=
e me a new build every time. If you don't
add this line, dune will only give you one build, and then because of the c=
ache, you won't be able to execute it
later.

    


    
action  following by  system here, action is the command to start, system m=
eans to use the system shell (windows is
cmd, linux macos is sh) to give you the execution of the code you specify.

    


    
You can see the first we are first change the directory to the project root=
 directory [because the default directory
is _build/default], and then we perform the build document generation, and =
then open open the generated html page.

    


    
The first build command is this, if you want to perform the first build tas=
k, you can type

    


    
dune build @docopen

    


    
Then our second build command, relatively simple, with reference to the fir=
st, we can add a lot of build commands we
want to add inside this dune configuration file.

    


    
We just need to specify different alias aliases for them, no duplication.

    


    
The official documentation also specifies some other available commands,   =
I won't go into them one by one. Since I
prefer to use shell scripts, I really only need the system to execute my sh=
ell scripts for me.

    

    

    

    





    

    Timedesc 0.8.0 - modern date time handling
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-timedesc-0-8-0-m=
odern-date-time-handling/10138/1

    

    


    

    Darren announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the release of Timedesc 0.8.0.

    


    
Timedesc is a very comprehensive date time handling library with good suppo=
rt of time zone.

    


    
Homepage

    

    


    

    Features
    

    

      

    • Timestamp and date time handling with platform independent time zone su=
pport

        

      • Subset of the IANA time zone database is built into this library
        • 

      • 

    • Supports Gregorian calendar date, ISO week date, and ISO ordinal date

    • Supports nanosecond precision
      • 

    • ISO8601 parsing and RFC3339 printing
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Main changes since 0.6.0
    

    

      

    • Significantly reduced size of time zone database by using a custom comp=
ression scheme

        

      • Many thanks to @glennsl for the proposed scheme at issue #46
        • 

      • This yields reduction of roughly 82% for same date period. The exact ra=
nge of years included has been tuned slightly as well and I've lost track o=
f the exact size after compilation.
        • 

      • 

    • Significantly reduced the number of dependencies, and moved JS, JSON co=
de into separate packages

        

      • Removed dependencies: fmt, containers, =
oseq

          

        • Introduced sexplib dependency for sexp handling consequent=
ly as previously containers CCSexp was used
          • 

        • 

      • Moved JSON code into timedesc-json package along with Yojs=
on dependency
        • 

      • Moved tzlocal and tzdb stuff into their own s=
eparate packages (timedesc-tzlocal and timedesc-tzdb respectively)
        • 

      • Moved JS tzlocal backend into timedesc-tzlocal-js (along w=
ith JS specific dependencies)
        • 

      • 

    

    

    


    

    Quality of life changes
    

    

      

    • Updated string conversion functions based on pretty printers which rais=
e Date_time_cannot_deduce_offset_from_utc to raise the excepti=
on instead of returning None

        

      • This simplifies the handling as return type is now simply just st=
ring
        • 

      • And for serious stuff users are expected to use only unambiguous date t=
imes anyway, which would not trigger this exception
        • 

      • 

    • Added ISO8601 printing facilities to Timestamp module for =
consistency

        

      • They are just aliases to the RFC3339 printers
        • 

      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    containers 3.9
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-containers-3-9/10140/1

    

    


    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce that containers 3.9 has just been released. Container=
s is a lightweight, modular extension of
the stdlib that tries to remains compatible with it.

    


    
Containers is starting to sprout some serialization primitives: it now has =
codecs for Bencode and CBOR. This release
also contains a revamp of the testlib system (bye qtest) and the use of oca=
mlformat, for potential contributors who
enjoy that. Containers should also be compatible with OCaml 5.0.

    

    

    

    





    

    OBazl 2.0.0-alpha-1 (Building OCaml SW with Bazel)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/obazl-2-0-0-alph=
a-1-building-ocaml-sw-with-bazel/10142/1

    

    


    

    Gregg Reynolds announced
    

    

    
I've tagged alpha versions of OBazl rules_ocaml and
tools_opam.  The best w=
ay to start exploring is via
demos_obazl, which contains over 100 mostly
simple demo/test programs, many of which are commented.  Three simple comma=
nds get you configured and then bazel
test test runs all the tests.

    


    
Tested on MacOS 12.4 and Ubuntu 20.

    


    
Documentation is still in progress but there is useful info at The OBazl Book.

    


    
Lot's of things to say about this version but I'll stick to one point of in=
terest.  The four basic OCaml compilers
are modeled by Bazel's platforms and toolchains mechanisms.  Two of the com=
pilers are actually cross-compilers (e.g.
ocamlc.opt runs on the system arch but targets the OCaml vm), =
so to pick a compiler you tell OBazl which buildhost
and targethost platforms you want.  I've predefined configurations in
.bazelrc; for example:

    


    build:bcnc --host_platform=3D@opam//tc/host/build:bc
build:bcnc --platforms=3D@opam//tc/host/target:nc

    

    
which means to select the ocamlopt.byte (cross-)compiler, pass=
 --config=3Dbcnc.

    


    
Kinda cool IMHO. Maybe overkill for the basic compilers, but the mechanism =
is essential to support remote builds,
custom compiler implementations and genuine cross-compilers.

    


    
Feedback welcome.

    

    

    

    





    

    QCheck 0.19
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-19/10149/1

    

    


    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to share the release of QCheck 0.19 - a library for property-base=
d testing in OCaml in the style of
Haskell's QuickCheck.

    




    
The 0.19 release brings a range of new features and improvements detailed b=
elow and combines the effort of several
individual contributors.

    


    
It is now available on opam.

    


    
Release notes:

    


      

    • new features and feature extensions

        

      • add optional debug_shrink parameters in alcotest interface=
 and expose default debug_shrinking_choices in test runners

      • add missing ?handler parameter to Test.check_cell_ex=
n
        • 

      • add an option retries parameter to Test.make =
et al. for checking a property repeatedly while shrinking.
This can be useful when testing non-deterministic code.
        • 

      • add tup2 to tup9 for generators
        • 

      • add Test.make_neg for negative property-based tests, that =
are expected not to satisfy the tested property.
        • 

      • add environment variable QCHECK_LONG_FACTOR similar to QCHECK_COUNT
        • 

      • rename Gen.opt to Gen.option but keep the old=
 binding for compatibility.
        • 

      • shrinker changes

          

        • recursive list shrinker with better complexity
          • 

        • string shrinker reuses improved list shrinker=
 and adds char shrinking
          • 

        • function shrinker now shrinks default entry first and benefits from list shrinker improvements
          • 

        • replacing the linear-time char shrinker with a faster one =
reusing the bisecting int shrinker algorithm
          • 

        • add Shrink.char_numeral and Shrink.char_printable
          • 

        • add shrinking for char arbitrary~s ~char, printable_=
char, and numeral_char
          • 

        • 

      • 


    • bug fixes

        

      • fix function generation affecting reproducability
        • 

      • fix distribution of QCheck2.printable which would omit cer=
tain characters
        • 

      • use Float.equal for comparing float~s in the ~Observ=
able module underlying function generators.
        • 

      • 


    • documentation updates:

        

      • clarify upper bound inclusion in Gen.int_bound and G=
en.int_range
        • 

      • clarify printable_char and Gen.printable dist=
ributions
        • 

      • add missing string_gen_of_size and small_printable_s=
tring documentation
        • 

      • document QCheck_alcotest.to_alcotest
        • 

      • fix documented size distribution for arbitrary generators =
string_gen, string, printable_string=
, numeral_string, list, and array

      • fix exception documentation for check_result, check_=
cell_exn, and check_exn
        • 

      • fix documentation for the distribution of Gen.printable an=
d printable_char
        • 

      • fix documentation for the shrinking behaviour of QCheck2.printabl=
e
        • 

      • 


    • internal and test suite changes

        

      • add additional expect and unit tests and refactor expect test suite
        • 

      • add a shrinker performance benchmark
        • 

      • remove --no-buffer option on dune runtest to =
avoid garbling the test output
        • 

      • make test suite run on 32-bit architectures
        • 

      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    Opam-cross-windows now supports OCaml 4.14.0!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-cross-windows-n=
ow-supports-ocaml-4-14-0/10159/1

    

    


    

    Romain Beauxis announced
    

    

    
Bit of a late announcement but the opam-cross-windows project =
now supports the OCaml compiler version 4.14.0:
https://githu=
b.com/ocaml-cross/opam-cross-windows

    


    
The opam-cross-windows project is part of an initiative starte=
d by @whitequark to provide cross-compilation support
to existing opam packages. This allows users to compile binari=
es for windows but also android and ios on a linux or
macos host.

    


    
Support for packages is a on best-effort basis and is always looking for mo=
re contributors. Adding a package can be a
little tricky at times but, if your package uses dune, the cro=
ss-compilation support there is pretty wonderful and
makes it pretty easy to add cross-compiled packages.

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 10:58:59 +0200
Message-ID: <87tu7djx64.fsf@m4x.org>
MIME-Version: 1.0
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X-Org-Mail: alan.schmitt.1995@polytechnique.org
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 12 to 19, 2022.

    





    

    Gopcaml-mode and Gopcaml-mode merlin (0.0.6) - Phoenix release=
 (Support for OCaml 4.14.0!)
    

    

    
Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-gopcaml-mode-and-gopcaml-mode-merlin-0-0-6-phoen=
ix-release-support-for-ocaml-4-14-0/10164/1

    

    


    

    Kiran Gopinathan announced
    

    

    
Like the phoenix, Gopcaml-mode rises again from the as=
hes!…

    


    
…this time with support for OCaml 4.14.0 and OCaml 4.13.0 (by popula=
r demand)

    


    
See the original release post 
for detailed instructions on how you can install it.

    

    


    

    Screenshots (if you haven't seen them before)
    

    


    

    3D"abc1ff0b5d=

    

    



    

    3D"1d43e0f42c=

    

    

    

    




    

    What's next?
    

    

      

    • Support for OCaml 5.0
      • 

    • Better ergonomics for piping (i.e _ |> _)
      • 

    • … you decide! (feature requests/pull requests welcome!)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Sandmark Nightly - Benchmarking as a Service
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-sandmark-night=
ly-benchmarking-as-a-service/10174/1

    

    


    

    Shakthi Kannan announced
    

    

    
Tarides is happy to announce Sandmark Nightly benchmarking as a service. tl=
;dr OCaml compiler developers can now
point development branches at the service and get sequential and parallel b=
enchmark results at
https://sandmark.tarides.com.

    


    
Sandmark is a colle=
ction of sequential and parallel OCaml benchmarks, its
dependencies, and the scripts to run the benchmarks and collect the results=
. Sandmark was developed for the Multicore
OCaml project in order to (a) ensure that OCaml 5 (with multicore support) =
does not introduce regressions for
sequential programs compared to sequential OCaml 4 and (b) OCaml 5 programs=
 scale well with multiple cores. In order
to reduce the noise and get actionable results, Sandmark is typically run o=
n tuned
machines.
This makes it harder for OCaml developers to use Sandmark for development w=
ho may not have tuned machines with a
large number of cores.

    


    
To address this, we introduce Sandmark Nightly service which runs the seque=
ntial and parallel benchmarks for a set of
compiler variants (branch/commit/PR + compiler & runtime options=
) on two tuned machines:

    


      

    • Turing (28 cores, Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5120 CPU @ 2.20GHz, 64 GB RAM)<=
/li>

    • Navajo (128 cores, AMD EPYC 7551 32-Core Processor, 504 GB RAM)
      • 

    


    
OCaml developers can request their development branches to be added to the =
nightly runs by adding it to
sandmark=
-nightly-config. The results will appear the
following day at https://sandmark.=
tarides.com.

    


    
Here is an illustration of sequential benchmark results from the service:

    



    

    3D"Mn7VZky.png"

    

    


    
You should first specify the number of variants that you want =
for comparison, and then select either the navajo
or turing hostnames. The dates for which benchmark results are=
 available are then listed in the date column. If
there are more than one result on a given day, then the specific variant na=
me, SHA1 commit and date are displayed
together for selection. You need to choose one of the variants as a baselin=
e for comparison. In the following graph,
the 5.1.0+trunk+sequential_20220712_920fb8e build on the navajo server has been chosen as the baseline, and you
can see the normalized time (seconds) comparison for the various Sandmark b=
enchmarks for both
5.1.0+trunk+sequential_20220713_c759890 and 5.1.0+trunk+=
sequential_20220714_606abe8 variants. We observe that the
matrix_multiplication and soli benchmark have bec=
ome 5% slower as compared to the July 12, 2022 nightly run.

    



    

    3D"7b0yS0h.png"

    

    


    
Similarly, the normalized MaxRSS (KB) graph for the same baseline and varia=
nts chosen for comparison is illustrated
below:

    



    

    3D"SfMbEiu.png"

    

    


    
The mandelbrot6 and fannkuchredux benchmarks have=
 increased the MaxRSS (KB) by 3% as compared to the baseline
variant, whereas, the metric has significantly improved for the lexif=
i-g2pp and sequence_cps benchmarks.

    


    
The parallel benchmark speedup results are also available from the Sandmark=
 nightly runs.

    



    

    3D"uKFDXCv.png"

    

    



    

    3D"24BGXVZ.png"

    

    


    
We observe from the speedup graph that there is not much difference between=
 5.1.0+trunk+parallel_20220714_606abe8
and the 5.1.0+trunk+decouple_20220706_eb7a38d developer branch=
 results. The x-axis in the graph represents the
number of domains, while the y-axis corresponds to the speedup. The number =
in the parenthesis against each benchmark
refers to the corresponding running time of the sequential benchmark. These=
 comparison results are useful to observe
any performance regressions over time. It is recommended to use the t=
uring machine results for the parallel
benchmarks as it is tuned.

    


    
If you would like to use Sandmark nightly for OCaml compiler development, p=
lease do ping us for access to the
sandmark=
-nightly-config repository so that you may add your
own compiler variants.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCamlFormat Web Configurator
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocamlformat-web-configurator=
/10103/6

    

    


    

    Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
Thanks to Pomba Magar we now have a=
 code editor with highlighting. It hopefully should
also solve the lack of monospace font on safari.

    



    

    =3D"96fb3536409c5553926228f097812d5b63bd6db8_2_1380x798.jpeg"

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Jane Street is Hiring Front End Engineers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/jane-street-is-hiring-f=
ront-end-engineers/10183/1

    

    


    

    Matt Russell announced
    

    

    
Jane Street is looking to hire Front End Engineers that want to design and =
build our next-generation of browser-based
tools for operating our trading infrastructure (in OCaml).  We=E2=80=99re b=
uilding tools for expert users, and want to
maintain a high UX bar while building tools that are powerful and flexible,=
 so it=E2=80=99s a challenging domain.

    


    
Ron Minsky wrote a bit more about the role here:
https://twitter.com/yminsky/status/1541605410=
691596289?s=3D20&t=3DyyrhGx7TnNwPIwdZoArpGw

    


    
And you can find a link to the job descriptions and the application page he=
re:

    



    

    

    





    

    BAP 2.5.0 Release
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bap-2-5-0-release/10185/1

    

    


    

    Ivan Gotovchits announced
    

    

    
We are proud to announce the 2.5.0 release of the Carnegie Mellon Universit=
y Binary Analysis Platform (CMU BAP). This
is one of the biggest releases of BAP with lots of new features and bug =
fixes. In this release, we significantly
improved BAP performance (in some use cases by a factor of three) and reduc=
ed memory consumption (up to a factor of
two). In addition, we devised a new method for representing floating-point =
operations that is scalable and efficient
and now we enable floating-point lifters for all x86 binaries with little t=
o no extra overhead. The floating-point
support for other targets is coming! We also rewrote the ABI specifications=
 and now support dozens of different ABI.
The new ABIs support calling conventions for structures and floating-point =
values and the `bap-c` library was
significantly expanded with lots of new functions and types to describe C t=
ypes and C object layouts.

    


    
You can install bap with

    


    opam install bap.2.5.0

    


    
Do not forget to  opam update before that.

    

    

    

    





    

    Why I used OCaml to developed a utility to download Jira items=

    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/wh=
y-i-used-ocaml-to-developed-a-utility-to-download-jira-items/10186/1

    

    


    

    Willem Hoek announced
    

    

    
Not a technical post – but my notes on why I decided to used OCaml t=
o develop a small utility that download Jira
items to SQLite
https://whoek.=
com/b/jira-to-sqlite-with-scrumdog

    


    
The Hacker News comments here
https://news.yc=
ombinator.com/item?id=3D32109461

    

    

    

    





    

    Liquidsoap 2.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-liquidsoap-2-1-0/10192/1

    

    


    

    Romain Beauxis announced
    

    

    
Liquidsoap 2.1.0 was just released, some 10 months after=
 the initial release of the ~2.0.x release cycle!

    


    
The release is available here: https://github.com/savonet/liquidsoap/releases/ta=
g/v2.1.0 and should be coming through
opam pretty soon.

    

    


    

    =F0=9F=A4=94  What is liquidsoap?
    

    

    
Liquidsoap is a statically-typed, type-inferred, functional scripting langu=
age equipped with specialized operators to
build audio and video stream automation.

    


    
The liquidsoap language offers all the flexibility and expressivity of a fu=
lly featured programming language to help
build your media streams.

    


    
Using liquidsoap, one can very quickly stand up a media streaming platform =
that can rotate files from playlists,
accept live DJ input, mux audio and video, encode (or not!) and send the re=
sulting data to youtube, icecast, HLS and
more..

    

    

    


    

    :white_check_mark: Why liquidsoap?
    

    

    
While there are many tools that offer competing features, the real differen=
ce with liquidsoap is its scripting
language.

    


    
Setting up tools using configuration files is often easier and more straigh=
t forward, however, when it comes to the
finer details, such as inserting jingles between shows, defining crossfades=
 between tracks and more, potentially,
each project has its own set of expectations, and this is where liquidsoap =
becomes really useful!

    

    

    


    

    :zap:=EF=B8=8F What's new in Liquidsoap 2.1.0? &=
#xa0; zap
    

    

    
Lots of things have been brewing since the 2.0.0 release. This=
 new release branch is intended to bring up some of
the breaking changes that were introduced while we keep working on more exc=
iting future changes that we have on our
road=
map

    


    
Some noticeable changes include:

    

    


    

    Improved JSON parsing
    

    

    
You should now be able to do:

    

    

    let json.parse ({
  foo,
  bla,
  gni
} : {
  foo: string,
  bla: float,
  gni: bool
}) =3D '{ "foo": "aabbcc", "bla": 3.14, "gn=
i": true }'

    

    

    
For any one who has ever tried to parse json in their liquidsoap scripts, t=
his is gonna be a game changer. We have a
detailed article =
here

    

    

    


    

    Regular expressions are now first-class entities.
    

    

    
This should be familiar to anyone used to working with Javascript's regular=
 expression. So, now, instead of doing:

    


    

    string.match(pattern=3D"\\d+", s)

    

    


    
You will now do:

    


    

    r/\d+/.test(s)

    

    


    
There's a detailed description of this new feature
here.

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Vim now highlights types, feedback welcome
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/vim-now-highlights-type=
s-feedback-welcome/10198/1

    

    


    

    Ma=C3=ABlan announced
    

    

    
A patch just mad=
e its way to the community-m=
aintained Vim files for OCaml (not propagated to the
official Vim dis=
tribution, yet), that tries to highlight types. IMHO the patch is large=
 and hacky so you may
want to try it cautiously, and feedback would be appreciated. :-)

    


    
The former behavior was to highlight identifiers that happened to be the na=
me of a builtin type (such as int or
list), regardless of where they appeared. Now, in principle, a=
ll type expressions can be highlighted, and be so
only when in a type context. By default, only builtin types are highlighted=
, but you can unleash the full power of
the new linter:

    


    

    " put this in ~/.vim/after/syntax/ocaml.vim for =
instance:
hi link ocamlTypeConstr   Type
hi link ocamlTypeBuiltin  Type
hi link ocamlTypeVar      Type
hi link ocamlTypeAnyVar   Type

    

    


    
or fancier (if you like excess :rainbow:):

    


    

    " 112 =3D light green (the color of the =E2=80=
=9CType=E2=80=9C hl group with my theme)
hi ocamlTypeConstr       ctermfg=3D112
hi ocamlTypeBuiltin      ctermfg=3D112 cterm=3Dbold
hi ocamlTypeVar          ctermfg=3D112 cterm=3Ditalic
hi ocamlTypeAnyVar       ctermfg=3D112 cterm=3Dbold

    

    


    
Even if you don=E2=80=99t care about highlighting types, allowing the linte=
r to discriminate between types and exceptions has
some tangential benefits.

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 26 Jul 2022 19:54:27 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 19 to 26, 2022.

    





    

    Help w. my first GADT : unwrapping Sqlite3.Data.t
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/help-w-my-first-ga=
dt-unwrapping-sqlite3-data-t/10202/1

    

    


    

    Philippe Strauss asked
    

    

    
I would like to convert sqlite3-ocaml returns from Sqlite3.Data.t array to =
plain ocaml types in a tuple. I guess
unwrapping the Data.t can be done using a GADT, here's my very very first a=
ttempt:

    


    

    (* simulate Sqlite3.Data.t *)

type t =3D
| NONE
| NULL
| INT of int64
| FLOAT <=
span style=3D"color: #a020f0;">of float
| TEXT of string
| BLOB of string ;;

(* a=
 simple GADT to unwrap Sqlite3.Data.t *)

type _ dbval =3D
    | INT=
 : int64 -> int64 dbval
    | FLOAT : float -> float dbval
    | TEXT : string -> string dbval
    | BLOB : string -> string dbval
    | NONE | NULL =
;;

let unwrap_data : <=
/span>type a. a dbval -> a =3D fun dbval ->
    match dbval with
    | INT=
 x -> x
    | FLOAT x -> x
    | TEXT str -> str
    | BLOB str -> str ;;

let tuple_of_array4 ( t array) =3D
    assert (Array.length arr =3D 4) ;
    (unwrap_data arr.(0), unwrap_data arr.(1), unwrap_data arr.(2), unwrap_=
data arr.(3)) ;;

    

    


    
Compilation fails with this typing error:

    


    

    File "database.ml", line 233, characters 17-24:
233 |     (unwrap_data arr.(0), unwrap_data arr.(1), unwrap_data arr.(2), u=
nwrap_data arr.(3)) ;;
                       ^^^^^^^
Error: This expres=
sion has type t but an expression was expected of type
         'a dbval

    

    


    
What am I doing wrong? I need to make type t compatible with type 'a dbval.
Thanks in advance.

    

    

    



    

    octachron replied
    

    

    
You cannot make the type t and 'a dbval compatibl=
e, there are different types.

    


    
A very important point to keep in mind with GADTs is that one cannot create=
 type-level information from dynamical
values. In other words, there are no functions of type ~ x : t ->  f(x) =
dbval~that will infer the type of its return
from the value of its argument in OCaml.

    


    
Thus the type of the final result must come from your code source rather th=
an from the dynamical data.
For instance, you can define constructor from the type t to th=
e right dbval type:

    

    

    exception Type_error

let int: t -> _ =
dbval =3D function
| INT x -=
> INT x
| _ -> raise Type_error

let float: t -> =
_ dbval =3D function
| FLOAT x=
 -> FLOAT x
| _ -> raise Type_error

    

    

    
Then if you know the type of the tuple, you can write it as:

    

    

    let tuple_of_array4 (arr: t =
array) =3D
    assert (Array.length arr =3D 4) ;
    int arr.(0), int arr.(1), int arr.(2), int arr.(3)

    

    

    
or possibly as

    

    

    let int4 =3D int, int, i=
nt, int
let tuple (a=
,b,c=
,d) arr =3D
  assert (Array.length arr =3D 4) ;
  a arr.(0), b arr.(1), c arr.(2), d arr.(3)

    

    

    
There are more complex alternatives based on type witness, that allow to im=
plement a form of static matching over the
dynamical type of data, but the core idea that the types are always present=
 in the source code in some way is the
same.

    

    

    



    

    Philippe Strauss then said
    

    

    
Oh I didn't noticed it would be dynamical typing! I'm too used to ppx (and =
previously camlp4) written db abstraction
layer!

    


    
I'm simply replacing sqlexpr by plain sqlite3-ocaml in some existing code o=
f mine. sqlexpr quick doco:

    


    
https://github.com/mfp/oca=
ml-sqlexpr

    


    
But I can live with a Data.t array!

    

    

    



    

    Yawar Amin then added
    

    

    
Everybody has their favourite way of wrapping SQLite. Here's mine (no PPX):
https://github.com=
/yawaramin/ocaml_sql_query

    


    
It has a little data translation layer to convert from Data.t =
array to the desired return type.

    

    

    

    





    

    DocuLib 3.1.2 and MetaDB 1.0.2 now on OPAM
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/doculib-3-1-2-and-meta=
db-1-0-2-now-on-opam/10204/1

    

    


    

    nguermond announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the release of doculib and metad=
b, now available on OPAM.

    


    
DocuLib is a GUI for document management, particularly for all the t=
extbooks and articles you've accumulated but
know you'll never read :thinking:. The idea of DocuLib is to keep track of =
metadata of files stored across multiple
libraries on your file system in such a way that you can move, reorganize, =
or rename a file without losing your
metadata. You can additionally lookup metadata on openlibrary.org or semanticscholar.org. DocuLib will also warn
about missing and duplicate files. Stored metadata presently includes autho=
r, title, year, tags, and DOI/ISBN.

    



    

    3D"fa064cd32b=

    

    


    
For more screenshots and details: https://github.com/nguermond/doculib

    


    
Metadb is the JSON database for manipulating file metadata underlyin=
g DocuLib, in hopes that it may be useful
somewhere else. Data is stored in the following way:

    

    path/to/library
|- .metadata
   |- ./foo.txt.json
   |- ./blah/bar.pdf.json
   |- ./foobar.pdf.json
|- ./foo.txt
|- ./blah/bar.pdf
|- ./foobar.pdf

    

    
For documentation: https://=
github.com/nguermond/metadb

    

    

    

    





    

    dune 3.4.0
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-4-0/10211/1

    

    


    

    Etienne Millon announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the dune team, I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the release of =
version 3.4.0.

    


    
Bug fixes, a couple new features, better hints and error messages - I won't=
 restate what's in the changelog below.
Thanks to everyone involved in this release!

    


      

    • Make dune describe correctly handle overlapping implementa=
tions
for virtual libraries (#5971, fixes #5747, @esope)
      • 


    • Building the @check alias should make sure the libraries a=
nd executables
don't have dependency cycles (#5892, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • [ctypes] Add support for the errno parameter using the errno_policy field
in the ctypes settings. (#5827, @droyo)
      • 


    • Fix dune coq top when it is invoked on files from a subdir=
ectory of the
directory containing the associated stanza (#5784, fixes #5552, @ejgallego,
@rlepigre, @Alizter)
      • 


    • Fix hint when an invalid module name is found. (#5922, fixes #5273, @em=
illon)
      • 


    • The (cat) action now supports several files. (#5928, fixes=
 #5795, @emillon)
      • 


    • Dune no longer uses shimmed META files for OCaml 5.x, sole=
ly using the ones
installed by the compiler. (#5916, @dra27)
      • 


    • Fix handling of the (deps) field in (test) st=
anzas when there is an
.expected file. (#5952, #5951, fixes #5950, @emillon)
      • 


    • Ignore insignificant filesystem events. This stops RPC in watch mode fr=
om
flashing errors on insignificant file system events such as changes in the
.git/ directory. (#5953, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Fix parsing more error messages emitted by the OCaml compiler. In
particular, messages where the excerpt line number started with a blank
character were skipped. (#5981, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • env stanza: warn if some rules are ignored because they appear after a
wildcard rule. (#5898, fixes #5886, @emillon)
      • 


    • On Windows, XDG_CACHE_HOME is taken to be the FOLDERID_InternetCa=
che if
unset, and XDG_CONFIG_HOME and XDG_DATA_HOME are both taken to be
FOLDERID_LocalAppData if unset.  (#5943, fixes #5808, @nojb)

    

    

    



    

    Etienne Millon then added
    

    

    
This broke 32-bit cygwin installations, so 3.4.1 was released with a fix.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml 5.0, first normal alpha release
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-0-first-normal-alpha=
-release/10216/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The stabilisation of OCaml 5.0 has been progressing well during the last mo=
nth.
We have thus released a first normal alpha release of OCaml 5.0.0 to help
fellow hackers join us early in our bug hunting and opam ecosystem fixing f=
un
(see below for the installation instructions).

    


    
You can follow the progress in stabilising the opam ecosystem on

    


    
https://g=
ithub.com/ocaml/opam-repository/issues/21526

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them here:

    


    
https://github.com/ocaml/=
ocaml/issues

    


    
Compared to the zeroth alpha release, this alpha release restores the suppo=
rt
for the bytecode debugger, and integrates a change of type in the FFI API t=
hat
might trigger some warnings in FFI code.

    


    
We also have a change in the installed files: the compiler distributes now =
its
own META files rather than relying on either findlib or dune to provide tho=
se
files. This should simplify the tasks of both tools in future version.

    


    
Note there are still some changes expected in the Effect module before the =
next
candidate release. Generally, both the Effect and Domain modules are still
experimental and might change API even during the beta releases.

    


    
If you are interested by the ongoing list of bug fixes, the
updated change log for OCaml 5.0.0 is available at:

    


    
https://github.=
com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/5.0/Changes

    


    
A short summary of the changes since the zeroth alpha release is also avail=
able
below.

    

    


    

    Installation instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1:

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha1

    

    
For previous version of opam, the switch creation command line is slightly =
more verbose:

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha1 --repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https:/=
/github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git

    

    
If you want to test this version, it is strongly advised to install the alp=
ha
opam repository

    


    
https://gi=
thub.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository

    


    
with

    

    opam repo add alpha git+https://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repositor=
y.git

    

    
You can check that the alpha repository has been correctly installed with

    


    $ opam repo

<><> Repository configuration for switch 5.0.0~alpha1 <>&=
lt;><><><><><><><><><=
><><>
 1 alpha   git+https://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-repository.git
 2 default https://opam.ocaml.org

    


    
This alpha repository contains various fixes in the process of being upstre=
amed which
vastly increases the number of opam packages currently compatible with OCam=
l 5.0.0 .

    


    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.0.0~alpha1+options =
<option_list>

    


    
where option_list is a comma separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and
no-flat-float-array switch:

    

    opam switch create 5.0.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.0.0~alpha1+op=
tions ocaml-option-flambda
ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    

    
The command line above is slightly more complicated for opam version anteri=
or to 2.1:

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> --packages=3Docaml-variants.5.0.0~al=
pha1+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit+https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-rep=
ository.git

    


    
In both cases, all available options can be listed with opam search o=
caml-option.

    


    
The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

    



    

    


    

    Changes since the zeroth alpha release:
    

    

    

    

    Runtime system:
    

    

      

    • #11400: Run=
time events counters fixes
Fixes mismatch between OCaml and C APIs, removes events from 4.x that
are not present in the 5.0 GC and adds some missing probes.
(Sadiq Jaffer, review by Gabriel Scherer, Florian Angeletti)
      • 


    • #11368: Run=
time events buffer size OCAMLRUNPARAMS fix
The runtime events buffer size can now be set via the 'e' OCAMLRUNPARAM.
This is previously mistakenly enabled/disabled tracing instead.
(Sadiq Jaffer, review by KC Sivaramakrishnan, David Allsopp, Damien Doligez=
)
      • 


    • #11304: Fix=
 data race on Windows file descriptors
(Olivier Nicole and Xavier Leroy, review by Xavier Leroy, David Allsopp,
 and Sadiq Jaffer)
      • 


    • breaking change #11337: pass 'flags' metadata to root scanners, to optimize sta=
ck scanning in the bytecode interpreter. Changes the interface of user-prov=
ided root-scanning hooks. (Gabriel Scherer, review by Xavier Leroy, Guillau=
me Munch-Maccagnoni, Sadiq Jaffer and Tom Kelly)
      • 


    • #11144: Res=
tore frame-pointers support for amd64
(Fabrice Buoro, review by Frederic Bour and KC Sivaramakrishnan)
      • 


    • breaking change #11255: in the C interface, &Field(v, i) now h=
as type volatile value * instead of value * in OC=
aml 4.  This makes the memory model for mixed OCaml/C code better defined, =
but can cause warnings or type errors in user C code. (KC Sivaramakrishnan,=
 review by Xavier Leroy, Gabriel Scherer and Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni, ad=
ditional discussions with Stephen Dolan and Luc Maranget)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Standard library:
    

    

      

    • #10867, +#11345: Remove de=
precated values: =E2=80=A6, the infix operator (.[  ]<-). (Nicol=C3=A1s =
Ojeda B=C3=A4r, review by Damien Doligez)
      • 


    • #11309, #11424, #11427: Add Domain.recomm=
ended_domain_count. (Christiano Haesbaert, Konstantin Belousov, review by D=
avid Allsopp, KC Sivaramakrishnan, Gabriel Scherer, Nicolas Ojeda Bar)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Tools:
    

    

      

    • #11065: Por=
t the bytecode debugger to 5.0, adding support for effect handlers. (Damien=
 Doligez and fabbing, review by fabbing and Xavier Leroy)
      • 


    • #11382: OCa=
mlmktop use a new initialization module "OCamlmktop_init" to
preserve backward-compatibility with user-module provided modules that inst=
all
toplevel printers.
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer and David Allsopp)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Installation:
    

    

      

    • #11007, #11399: META files=
 for the stdlib, compiler-libs and other libraries (unix, dynlink, str, run=
time_events, threads, ocamldoc) are now installed along with the compiler. =
(David Allsopp, Florian Angeletti, Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r and S=C3=A9b=
astien Hinderer, review by Daniel B=C3=BCnzli, Kate Deplaix, Anil Madhavape=
ddy and Gabriel Scherer)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Bug fixes:
    

    

      

    • #10768, #11340: Fix typech=
ecking regression when combining first class modules and GADTs. (Jacques Ga=
rrigue, report by Fran=C3=A7ois Thir=C3=A9, review by Matthew Ryan)
      • 


    • #10790: don=
't drop variance and injectivity annotations when pretty printing wit=
h constraints (for example, with type +!'a t =3D ...). =
(Florian Angeletti, report by Luke Maurer, review by Matthew Ryan and Gabri=
el Scherer)
      • 


    • #11289, #11405: fix some l=
eaks on systhread termination (Fabrice Buoro, Enguerrand Decorne, Gabriel S=
cherer, review by Xavier Leroy and Florian Angeletti, report by Romain Beau=
xis)
      • 


    • #11314, #11416: fix non-in=
formative error message for module inclusion (Florian Angeletti, report by =
Thierry Martinez, review by Gabriel Scherer)
      • 


    • #11358, #11379: Refactor t=
he initialization of bytecode threading, This avoids a "dangling pointer" w=
arning of GCC 12.1. (Xavier Leroy, report by Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=A9neau, revi=
ew by Gabriel Scherer)
      • 


    • #11387, mod=
ule type with constraints no longer crash the compiler in presence of both =
shadowing warnings and the -bin-annot compiler flag. (Florian =
Angeletti, report by Christophe Raffalli, review by Gabriel Scherer)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 02 Aug 2022 11:51:43 +0200
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 26 to August
02, 2022.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml Software Foundation: summer 2022 update
Old CWN


OCaml Software Foundation: summer 2022 update
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A quick update on recent works of the [OCaml Software Foundation]. It
  is a non-profit foundation ([earlier thread]) that receives funding
  from [our industrial sponsors] each year, and tries its best to spend
  it to support and strengthen the OCaml ecosystem and community.

  The funding volume we receive each year is around 200K=E2=82=AC. (For
  comparison: this is the yearly cost of one experienced full-time
  software engineer in many parts of the world.) We do not fund people
  full-time for long periods. Most actions receive from 3K=E2=82=AC to 20K=
=E2=82=AC.
  The work to prepare and execute actions is mostly done by the (unpaid)
  [Executivee Committee]. It is currently formed by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=
=A4r
  ('nojb'), Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy, Kim Nguy=E1=BB=85n and myself, wi=
th
  administrative personel provided by [INRIA].

  Our current sponsors (thanks!) are [ahrefs], [Jane Street], [Tezos],
  [Bloomberg], [Lexifi], [SimCorp], [MERCE] and [Tarides].  (If your
  company would like to join as a sponsor, please [get in touch].
  Unfortunately, we still cannot efficiently process small donations, so
  we are not calling for individual donations.)

  Feel free to use this thread for discussions, questions, suggestions
  and criticism, or to send a message/email for feedback.


[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[earlier thread]


[our industrial sponsors] 

[Executivee Committee] 

[INRIA]


[ahrefs] 

[Jane Street] 

[Tezos] 

[Bloomberg] 

[Lexifi] 

[SimCorp] 

[MERCE] 

[Tarides] 

[get in touch] 

Recent actions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Below are some of the actions that we funded in the last year or so,
  and which have been actively worked on already by the people receiving
  the funding.


Tooling
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  We worked on improving the debugging experience for OCaml by funding
  Fabian ('copy') to work on OCaml symbol demangling in Linux `perf'
  ([thread]), and supporting Yuxiang Wen ('hackwaly')'s work on
  [ocamlearlybird] ([thread]), an OCaml bytecode debugger for vscode.

  We also funded the early development work of [mutaml], a
  mutation-testing prototype by Jan Midtgaard.


[thread]


[ocamlearlybird] 

[thread]


[mutaml] 


Communication
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  We decided to fund the time that Alan Schmitt ('brab') spends on the
  [Caml Weekly News] =E2=80=93 Alan also started cross-posting them on [red=
dit]
  on this occasion.

  We funded John Whitington to work on OCaml documentation, on the core
  manual (see in particular [this PR]) or newcomer-oriented content on
  ocaml.org ([Get Up and Running with OCaml] and [A First Hour With
  OCaml]). We also purchased rights to John Whitington's book [OCaml
  from the Very Beginning] to put it [online] ([thread]). This is a good
  introduction to OCaml for people with little to no programming
  experience, and we hope that it will be easier to onboard people if
  they can get a free version online =E2=80=93 of course they are encourage=
d to
  buy a paper copy if they like it and can afford it.

  We supported editing work for an upcoming book from the [Owl] team,
  "Architecture of Numerical Systems", with the requirement that the
  book be Open Access. (The idea followed our attempt to fund a hacking
  retreat for the Owl project in 2019, that was cancelled due to COVID.)

  We are also funding some work to refresh an older book about Caml in
  French, [Le Langage Caml], also available online, which several people
  in the community cite as their favorite OCaml book. Currently we are
  funding Arma=C3=ABl Gu=C3=A9neau to refresh the book's (crufty build syst=
em and)
  content to work with current OCaml versions =E2=80=93 the book was writte=
n in
  1993 for Caml Light =E2=80=93 and we are considering funding an English
  translation.


[Caml Weekly News] 

[reddit] 

[this PR] 

[Get Up and Running with OCaml] 

[A First Hour With OCaml] 

[OCaml from the Very Beginning] 

[online]


[thread]


[Owl] 

[Le Langage Caml] 


Teaching
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84

  We funded Louis Gesbert ('AltGr') to do some technical development
  work on the LearnOCaml codebase. LearnOCaml is a technical platform to
  deploy automatically-graded OCaml exercices, used in various
  universities with probably around a few thousands students each year.

  We are also funding a Summer School about OCaml at the university of
  Zaragoza in Spain in early September 2022 ([thread], [website]).

  Note: if you are organizing an OCaml event (workshop, meetup, etc.),
  please get in touch to see whether/how we could support you.


[thread]


[website] 


Ecosystem
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84

  We are funding part of the time Kate ('kit-ty-kate') spends on
  release-readiness for the OCaml compiler distribution =E2=80=93 monitoring
  build results for the whole OPAM repository and working with compiler
  maintainers and downstream package authors to solve compatibility
  issues before the release. This is great work which we think had a
  strong impact. There is now a larger concerted effort (not funded by
  us) to coordinate core tools around compiler releases =E2=80=93 see [this
  opam-repository PR] for example, which puts the ecosystem in a fairly
  good place compared to how new compiler versions felt a few years ago.

  We are also supporting Marcello Seri ('mseri') for his contributions
  to opam-repository maintenance.

  We are supporting Jonah Beckford ('jbeckford')'s work on his [Diskuv
  OCaml] distribution for Windows.


[this opam-repository PR]


[Diskuv OCaml] 


Libraries
=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=94=84=E2=
=94=84

  We are funding Petter Urkedal ('paurkedal') to work on [Caqti], an
  OCaml library to work with SQL databases.

  We are supporting Zach Shipko's maintenance work on the [ocaml-rs]
  library, a library to write bindings / FFI code between OCaml and
  Rust.

  Finally, we supported some development work by Anton Bachin and Andrey
  Popp around the Dream web framework. They concentrated their efforts
  on [hyper] and [dream-social-login].


[Caqti] 

[ocaml-rs] 

[hyper] 

[dream-social-login] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 26 to August 02,=
 2022.

    





    

    OCaml Software Foundation: summer 2022 update
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-software-found=
ation-summer-2022-update/10234/1

    

    


    

    gasche announced
    

    

    
A quick update on recent works of the OCam=
l Software Foundation. It is a non-profit
foundation (earlier thread) that receives
funding from our industrial spons=
ors each year, and tries its best to spend it to
support and strengthen the OCaml ecosystem and community.

    


    
The funding volume we receive each year is around 200K=E2=82=AC. (For compa=
rison: this is the yearly cost of one experienced
full-time software engineer in many parts of the world.) We do not fund peo=
ple full-time for long periods. Most
actions receive from 3K=E2=82=AC to 20K=E2=82=AC.
The work to prepare and execute actions is mostly done by the (unpaid) Executivee
Committee. It is currently formed by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r ('nojb=
'), Damien Doligez,
Xavier Leroy, Kim Nguy=E1=BB=85n and myself, with administrative personel p=
rovided by
INRIA.

    


    
Our current sponsors (thanks!) are ahrefs, Jane Street,
Tezos, Bloomberg, Lexifi,
SimCorp, MERCE and Taride=
s.
(If your company would like to join as a sponsor, please get in touch.
Unfortunately, we still cannot efficiently process small donations, so we a=
re not calling for individual donations.)

    


    
Feel free to use this thread for discussions, questions, suggestions and cr=
iticism, or to send a message/email for
feedback.

    

    


    

    Recent actions
    

    

    
Below are some of the actions that we funded in the last year or so, and wh=
ich have been actively worked on already
by the people receiving the funding.

    

    


    

    Tooling
    

    

    
We worked on improving the debugging experience for OCaml by funding Fabian=
 ('copy') to work on OCaml symbol
demangling in Linux perf
(thread), and
supporting Yuxiang Wen ('hackwaly')'s work on ocamlearlybird
(thread), an OCaml bytecode debugger for vscode.

    


    
We also funded the early development work of mutaml, a mutation-testing prototype
by Jan Midtgaard.

    

    

    


    

    Communication
    

    

    
We decided to fund the time that Alan Schmitt ('brab') spends on the Caml Weekly
News – Alan also started cross-posting them on
reddit on this occasion.

    


    
We funded John Whitington to work on OCaml documentation, on the core manua=
l (see in particular =
this
PR) or newcomer-oriented content on ocaml.org (Get Up and Running with
OCaml and A First Hour Wi=
th OCaml). We
also purchased rights to John Whitington's book OCaml from the Very Beginning to put it
online
(thread). This is
a good introduction to OCaml for people with little to no programming exper=
ience, and we hope that it will be easier
to onboard people if they can get a free version online – of course =
they are encouraged to buy a paper copy if they
like it and can afford it.

    


    
We supported editing work for an upcoming book from the Owl team, "Architecture of Numerical
Systems", with the requirement that the book be Open Access. (The idea foll=
owed our attempt to fund a hacking retreat
for the Owl project in 2019, that was cancelled due to COVID.)

    


    
We are also funding some work to refresh an older book about Caml in French=
, Le Langage
Caml, also available online, which several people in the community
cite as their favorite OCaml book. Currently we are funding Arma=C3=ABl Gu=
=C3=A9neau to refresh the book's (crufty build system
and) content to work with current OCaml versions – the book was writ=
ten in 1993 for Caml Light – and we are
considering funding an English translation.

    

    

    


    

    Teaching
    

    

    
We funded Louis Gesbert ('AltGr') to do some technical development work on =
the LearnOCaml codebase. LearnOCaml is a
technical platform to deploy automatically-graded OCaml exercices, used in =
various universities with probably around
a few thousands students each year.

    


    
We are also funding a Summer School about OCaml at the university of Zarago=
za in Spain in early September 2022
(thread,
website).

    


    
Note: if you are organizing an OCaml event (workshop, meetup, etc.), please=
 get in touch to see whether/how we could
support you.

    

    

    


    

    Ecosystem
    

    

    
We are funding part of the time Kate ('kit-ty-kate') spends on release-read=
iness for the OCaml compiler distribution
– monitoring build results for the whole OPAM repository and working=
 with compiler maintainers and downstream
package authors to solve compatibility issues before the release. This is g=
reat work which we think had a strong
impact. There is now a larger concerted effort (not funded by us) to coordi=
nate core tools around compiler releases
– see this opam-repository PR for example, which puts the
ecosystem in a fairly good place compared to how new compiler versions felt=
 a few years ago.

    


    
We are also supporting Marcello Seri ('mseri') for his contributions to opa=
m-repository maintenance.

    


    
We are supporting Jonah Beckford ('jbeckford')'s work on his Diskuv OCaml
distribution for Windows.

    

    

    


    

    Libraries
    

    

    
We are funding Petter Urkedal ('paurkedal') to work on Caqti, an OCaml
library to work with SQL databases.

    


    
We are supporting Zach Shipko's maintenance work on the ocaml-rs library, a
library to write bindings / FFI code between OCaml and Rust.

    


    
Finally, we supported some development work by Anton Bachin and Andrey Popp=
 around the Dream web framework. They
concentrated their efforts on =
hyper and
dream-social-lo=
gin.

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 09 Aug 2022 10:02:39 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 02 to 09, 2022.

    





    

    pyml_bindgen: a CLI app to generate Python bindings directly f=
rom OCaml value specifications
    

    

    
Archive: 

    Ryan Moore announced
    

    

    
    


    

    New stuff
    

    

    

    

    New attributes
    

    

    
There is a new attribute you can use: py_arg_name. It allows y=
ou to use different argument names on the OCaml side
from those that are used on the Python side.

    


    
One use case is for Python functions that have an argument name that is the=
 same as some reserved OCaml keyword. In
this case, you can use py_arg_name to map it to something else=
 on the OCaml side.

    


    

    val f : t -> method_:string -> unit -> string
[@@py_arg_name method_ method]

    

    


    
The attribute is followed by two items, the first is the argument name on t=
he OCaml side, and the second is the
argument name on the Python side.

    


    
See the attributes example on
GitHub for more info.

    

    

    


    

    Helper scripts
    

    

    
I added a couple of scripts to help in cases where you need to run py=
ml_bindgen on a lot of different input files
in one go.  I have been using them when writing bindings for bigger Python =
libraries, and in cases where there are a
lot of cyclic python classes to bind.

    


    
This example has more info
about using the helper scripts.

    

    

    


    

    Other stuff
    

    

      

    • Added an option to split generated modules into ml and mli files.
      • 

    • Added a dev package for (hopefully) easier installation of development =
dependencies.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Interesting OCaml Articles
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interesting-ocaml-articles/1867/99

    

    


    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
Hi, I would like to share my recent article about GADTs and state machines:=
 GADT=
s and state machine

    


    
It's another introduction about GADTs and it explains a bit what I did for =
robur.io. Eenjoy it
and happy hacking!

    

    

    

    





    

    Logs to a file (a primitive way)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/logs-to-a-file-a-primitive-way/102=
62/1

    

    


    

    =F0=9F=8C=8D Marcus Rohrmoser asked
    

    

    
I found https://github.com/oxidiz=
ing/sihl/blob/c6786f25424c1b9f40ce656e908bd31515f1cd09/sihl/src/core_log.ml=
#L18 and
wonder what a primitive way to log to a file would be.

    


    
I need to keep stdout clean and not show any log message under=
 all circumstances.

    

    

    



    

    =F0=9F=8C=8D Marcus Rohrmoser later added
    

    

    
I do a cgi and stdout is the response =E2=80=93 logging has to=
 go to a separate file. Not even stderr as I want debug
logs not to taint the webserver error log in case. And I would like to funn=
el logging through Logs.

    

    

    



    

    Yawar Amin suggested and =F0=9F=8C=8D Marcus Rohrmose=
r replied
    

    

    

    
I don't know about logs but it should be relatively easy to ke=
ep an open file handle and print log messages there.

    

    


    
https://opam.ocaml.org/pa=
ckages/logs/ - I like the loglevel approach. But maybe I will do withou=
t and pass around the
channel, yes.

    

    

    



    

    Jean Michel suggested
    

    

    
I believe logs support logging to a file via Format. See
https://erratique.ch/software/logs/doc/Logs/index.html#val-form=
at_reporter

    

    

    



    

    Shon also suggested
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99ve found logs very ergonomic and easy to work with. I tend to pul=
l it in via
Bos, which has a very nic=
e interface to OS interactions. Opening the Bos_setup
module also does default logs configuration, and I find all quite painless =
and pleasant.

    

    

    



    

    =F0=9F=8C=8D Marcus Rohrmoser said
    

    

    
thanks @yawaramin @beajeanm @shonfeder, I took a middle
ground and went along the lines of
https://opam.ocaml.org/pa=
ckages/logs/ (using the loglevels and logging call style) but base writ=
ing almost directly
on out_channe=
l. (I need a log rotation on top)

    


    
I was struggling with lost messages however =E2=80=93 the logfile remained =
empty until I flushed after each log message.

    


    
Is that known behaviour that writing to a channel (with Printf.fprintf) doesn't
necessarily end up in the file? Even when closed quickly.

    

    

    



    

    UnixJunkie replied
    

    

    
You must Printf.printf with "%!" at the end of your format string,
 to be sure that the log is flushed to file.

    


    
That's what I do in dolog:
https://github.com/UnixJunk=
ie/dolog

    

    

    

    





    

    Timedesc 0.8.0 - modern date time handling
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-timedesc-0-8-0-m=
odern-date-time-handling/10138/2

    

    


    

    Darren announced
    

    

    
Tiny update: Timedesc 0.9.0 has been released, moving sexplib =
dependency into timedesc-sexp and moved from
mparser to angstrom for some date time text parse=
rs since angstrom is a strict necessity for some binary
(de)serialization already.

    


    
This overall means Timedesc is about as slim as it can get as a date time h=
andling lib, depending only on: seq,
angstrom, result, and ptime (p=
time is not a strict dependency, but it's nice to have timedesc <=
-> ptime
convertors).

    

    

    



    

    Florent Monnier asked
    

    

    
Is this a lib that targets to process dates and time in a programmatically =
way?
(this is what the provided example make me think)
Or is it also supposed to be used to print something readable for a user el=
se than a programmer?

    


    
If there is no end-user goal in this lib, please just ignore my message, an=
d sorry to make you lose some time.

    


    
In the other case if you consider printing for end users, it's maybe worth =
to mention that there is the
DateLocale-ocaml m=
odule that is available and which provides the name for
the months, and days for more than 200 languages. It also provides abbrevia=
ted versions for both months and days,
which are often used.

    


    
The ocaml-community=
/calendar was not designed with localisation in
mind, it just does String.sub d 0 3 to provide short names, wh=
ich will not work with languages that need UTF8.

    


    
There is this PR that is still waiting for some review since 2 years to mak=
e it compatible with localisation:
ocaml-community/calendar/pull/33.

    


    
(At least the patch is available there for someone who could be interested.)

    


    
I don't know if it could interest some one but I see that the example outpu=
ts a list of dates, that look like some
kind of logs. In case some one would like to visualise it in a way similar =
than the unix command cal you can just
create empty files where the file name follows the pattern YYYY-MM-DD like =
for example  "dir/2022-08-06.txt", you
will then be able to visualise it in the console with detri.

    

    

    



    

    Darren replied
    

    

    

    
Is this a lib that targets to process dates and time in a programmatically =
way?
(this is what the provided example make me think)
Or is it also supposed to be used to print something readable for a user el=
se than a programmer?

    

    

    
Development has been primarily focused on former, mostly because solving it=
 properly was already (very) involved.

    


    
Now that Timedesc has stabilised, the latter reads like a very nice next TO=
DO to match feature parity of other date
time libs.

    


    

    
In the other case if you consider printing for end users, it=E2=80=99s mayb=
e worth to mention that there is the
DateLocale-ocaml m=
odule that is available and which provides the name for
the months, and days for more than 200 languages. It also provides abbrevia=
ted versions for both months and days,
which are often used.

    

    


    
Looks neat! I believe there have been requests of locale sensitive pretty p=
rinting/conversion functions, so I
definitely would be interested in incorporating your work (if that was the =
intention).

    


    

    
I don=E2=80=99t know if it could interest some one but I see that the examp=
le outputs a list of dates, that look like some
kind of logs. In case some one would like to visualise it in a way similar =
than the unix command `cal` you can just
create empty files where the file name follows the pattern YYYY-MM-DD like =
for example =E2=80=9Cdir/2022-08-06.txt=E2=80=9D, you will
then be able to visualise it in the console with detri.

    

    


    
I was interested in something like this for another small utility cmd I've =
written, neat!

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml website: Owl book not listed
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-website-owl-book-not-list=
ed/10274/1

    

    


    

    Andreas Poisel said
    

    

    
It would be nice to add OCaml Scientific Computing to the
list on https://ocaml.org/books.

    


    
This is a great book and it would be a shame not to promote it.
Maybe anyone responsible for the website reads this or can point me in the =
right direction.

    


    
I'm not in any way affiliated with the authors of this book.

    

    

    

    





    

    Application-specific Improvements to the Ecosystem
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/application-s=
pecific-improvements-to-the-ecosystem/10223/49

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Kay-Uwe Kirstein said
    

    

    
Personally, I often use the monadic Result type together with a polymorphic=
 variant for the actual errors. This makes
dealing with errors from different "levels" of my software (library, comman=
d-line tool, and GUI) quite comfortable
(and type-safe!).
@keleshev has written a nice blog post on this: https://keleshev.com/composable-er=
ror-handling-in-ocaml with a recent
follow up: https://keleshev.com/advanced-error-handling-in-ocaml

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
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From mboxrd@z Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970
Return-Path: 
Received: from mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr (mail3-relais-sop.national.inria.fr [192.134.164.104])
	by sympa.inria.fr (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 8322CE0382
	for ; Tue, 16 Aug 2022 10:51:34 +0200 (CEST)
Authentication-Results: mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr; spf=Pass smtp.pra=alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org; spf=Pass smtp.mailfrom=SRS0=sXz0=YU=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org; spf=Pass smtp.helo=postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org
Received-SPF: Pass (mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr: domain of
  alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=pra; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=sXz0=YU=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr: domain of
  SRS0=sXz0=YU=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=sXz0=YU=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=sXz0=YU=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr: domain of
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  receiver=mail3-smtp-sop.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=sXz0=YU=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1";
  x-record-text="v=spf1 a -all"
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 16 Aug 2022 10:51:20 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 09 to 16, 2022.

    





    

    Emacs on windows, merlin mode, merlin server remote on linux, =
tramp, ssh
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/emacs-on-windows-merlin-mode-merlin-server-remote-on-linux-tramp-ssh/10=
243/3

    

    


    

    Artem Pianykh said
    

    

    
I managed to set up Emacs + TRAMP + LSP to do remote development (not on th=
e first attempt though, as these things
were quite fiddly to set up).

    


    
Here's what I got:

    

      

    1. You need opam install ocaml-lsp-server on the remote machi=
ne.
      2. 

    2. Tell TRAMP to use path from the remote shell: (add-to-list 'tramp=
-remote-path 'tramp-own-remote-path)
      3. 

    3. Use Eglot as an LSP=
 client. Although, lsp-mode claims that they support remote se=
rvers, I couldn't quite make it work with lsp-mode. This is wh=
at I have in my init.el:
      4. 

    

    (require 'eglot)
(add-hook 'tuareg-mode-hook #'eglot-ensure)

    

    

    

    





    

    clangml 4.2.0: OCaml bindings for Clang API (for C and C++ par=
sing)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/ann-clangml-4-2-0-ocaml-bindings-for-clang-api-for-c-and-c-parsing/6123/2=
7

    

    


    

    Thierry Martinez announced
    

    

    
clangml.4.7.0 is now in opam, with the bug fixes/features requ=
ested by @n47 and some others. All LLVM/Clang
versions up to 14.0.x are supported, as well as OCaml 5.0. The official rep=
o is now on github:
https://github.com/=
thierry-martinez/clangml which should ease posting issues and pull requ=
ests (and should be more
convenient than discussions on this thread!).

    


    
Support for the upcoming Clang 15 is planned for the next release that shou=
ld happen soon (the development version
already supports Clang 15).

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.1.3
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-1-3/10299/1

    

    


    

    R. Boujbel announced
    

    

    
We are pleased to announce minor release of opam 2.1.3.

    


    
This opam release consists of backported fixes. You=E2=80=99ll find more
information in the blog =
post.

    


    
To upgrade simply run:

    


    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.1.3"

    

    

    

    





    

    Application-specific Improvements to the Ecosystem
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/application-s=
pecific-improvements-to-the-ecosystem/10223/54

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Jp R said
    

    

    
Regarding Perl vs OCaml:
An (impressive) implementation of all the solutions of the Perl Cookbook
in the Objective CAML language (used at the time) is available here:
 http://ple=
ac.sourceforge.net/pleac_ocaml/index.html

    


    
Re-writing these examples with "modern" code/libraries could be very intere=
sting.

    

    

    

    





    

    Use GitHub CI to build simple binary distribution?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/use-github-ci-t=
o-build-simple-binary-distribution/10303/1

    

    


    

    Christian Lindig asked
    

    

    
Is there a recommended way (or example) to build a simple binary distributi=
on of an OCaml project using the GitHub
CI? I am mostly interested in building the executables and packaging them i=
n some archive format and make that
available for download for different architectures.

    

    

    



    

    Guillaume Bury replied
    

    

    
I have such a workflow for one of my project, see this workflow
file. It automatically triggers on new
releases, builds the project with the appropriate compiler (e.g. flam=
bda), and uploads the built artefact to the
release page where it can be downloaded. It currently works for both linux =
and mac (last time I tried it with windows
I got some errors and I haven't yet had the time to look into that, so i do=
n't know if the errors were caused by the
workflow, or my project).

    

    

    



    

    jbeckford also replied
    

    

    
That was a weird coincidence that I released a GitHub workflow
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-set=
up-dkml-yml-github-actions-workflow-for-distributing-binaries/10308 for=
 this
today. @zozozo's solution is simpler if it works for your intended target a=
udience.

    

    

    



    

    Calascibetta Romain replied
    

    

    
I did the same for my little project bob but it provides a
Cosmopolitan binary wh=
ich should run anywhere, see the
workflow and the last uploaded
artifact :slight_smile:.

    

    

    

    





    

    setup-dkml.yml GitHub Actions workflow for distributing binari=
es
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/ann-setup-dkml-yml-github-actions-workflow-for-distributing-binaries/10=
308/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the `v0` release of `setup-dkml.yml`, a GitHub Act=
ions workflow for distributing executables
or libraries to the public:

    



    
It is similar to the GitHub Action setup-ocaml but has several
advantages when you are releasing a finished product to the public:

    

      

    • On Linux it uses an ancient GLIBC (C library) so your binaries run on m=
ost Linux distributions without static linking. Statically linked binaries =
are simple to distribute, but can be problematic for some copy-left license=
s, and makes it difficult for your end-users to do security patching of the=
 libraries you linked with.
      • 

    • On Windows it uses the Visual Studio compiler rather than the non-stand=
ard (for Windows) GCC compiler. This is a necessity when distributing Windo=
ws libraries, and reduces runtime bugs when linking native Windows librarie=
s into your OCaml-built Windows executables. In addition you can generate W=
indows 32-bit binaries.
      • 

    • On macOS it can build both ARM64 and x86_64 binaries if you use opam-monorepo to=
 build your project. Alpha-release caution: This works today but only if=
 you hand-edit the .locked file. So only advanced users today!
      • 

    


    
Even if you are not releasing to the public, if you are a package maintaine=
r you may want to use both setup-ocaml
and setup-dkml so that you get additional coverage for Visual =
Studio and MSYS2 on
Windows, and coverage for an older GLIBC on Linux.

    


    
The full comparison matrix available at
https://github.=
com/diskuv/dkml-workflows#readme is:

    


    











    
setup-dkml
setup-ocaml
Consequence

    
    


    
dkml-base-compiler
ocaml-base-compiler
setup-dkml only supports 4.12.1 toda=
y. setup-ocaml supports all versions and variants of OCaml=


    


    
GitHub child workflow
GitHub Action
setup-dkml is more complex to configure=
, and takes longer to run

    


    
MSVC + MSYS2
GCC + Cygwin
On Windows setup-dkml can let your nati=
ve code use ordinary Windows libraries without ABI conflicts. You can also =
distribute your executables without the license headache of redistributing =
or statically linking libgcc_s_seh and libstdc++<=
/td>

    


    
dkml-base-compiler
ocaml-base-compiler
On macOS, setup-dkml cross-compiles to =
ARM64 with dune -x darwin_arm64

    


    
CentOS 7 and Linux distros from 2014
Latest Ubuntu
On Linux, setup-dkml builds with an old=
 GLIBC. setup-dkml dynamically linked Linux executables will b=
e highly portable as GLIBC compatibility issues should be rare, and compati=
ble with the unmodified LGPL license used by common OCaml dependencies like=
 GNU MP

    


    
0 yrs
4 yrs
setup-ocaml is officially supported and=
 well-tested.

    


    
Some pinned packages
No packages pinned
setup-dkml, for some packages, must pin=
 the version so that cross-platform patches (especially for Windows) are av=
ailable. With setup-ocaml you are free to use any version of a=
ny package

    


    
diskuv/diskuv-opam-repository
fdopen/opam-repository
Custom patches for Windows are sometimes needed. setup-dkml uses a much smaller set of patches. setup-ocaml<=
/code> uses a large but deprecated set of patches.

    
    

    


    

    
Put simply, use setup-dkml when you are distributing executabl=
es or libraries to the public. Use setup-ocaml
for all other needs.

    

    


    
setup-dkml will setup the following OCaml build environments f=
or you:

    


    









    
ABIs
Native ocamlopt compiler =
supports building executables for the following operating systems:

    
    


    
win32-windows_x86
32-bit Windows [1] for Intel/AMD CPUs

    


    
win32-windows_x86_64
64-bit Windows [1] for Intel/AMD CPUs

    


    
macos-darwin_all
64-bit macOS for Intel and Apple Silicon CPUs. Using=
 dune -x darwin_arm64 will cross-compile to both; otherwise de=
faults to Intel.

    


    
manylinux2014-linux_x86
32-bit Linux: CentOS 7, CentOS 8, Fedora 32+, Mageia=
 8+, openSUSE 15.3+, Photon OS 4.0+ (3.0+ with updates), Ubuntu 20.04+

    


    
manylinux2014-linux_x86_64
64-bit Linux: CentOS 7, CentOS 8, Fedora 32+, Mageia=
 8+, openSUSE 15.3+, Photon OS 4.0+ (3.0+ with updates), Ubuntu 20.04+

    
    

    


    
Thanks to the OCaml Software Foundation (=
OCSF) for their support of DKML. Enjoy!

    

    

    

    





    

    Diskuv OCaml 1.x.x; Windows OCaml installer no longer in previ=
ew
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/ann-diskuv-ocaml-1-x-x-windows-ocaml-installer-no-longer-in-preview/1030=
9/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
Diskuv OCaml (DKML) has graduated to version 1.0.0. That means you'll see D=
KML listed as a Windows option for OCaml
on the various OCaml websites soon.

    


    
To recap … by following the simple download and install instructions for =
Windows you will get:

    



    
Changes since 0.4.0:

    
    


    
Full documentation is at
https://dis=
kuv.gitlab.io/diskuv-ocaml/#introduction.

    


    
Package maintainers: Have a look at the just announced setup-dkml to test your own Git=
Hub packages using most of the Windows functionality listed above.

    


    
Thanks (again!) to the OCaml Software Fou=
ndation (OCSF) for their support of DKML. Please
consider becoming a contributor to DKML to improve the Windows ecosystem. E=
njoy!

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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	for ; Tue, 23 Aug 2022 10:06:48 +0200 (CEST)
Authentication-Results: mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr; spf=Pass smtp.pra=alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org; spf=Pass smtp.mailfrom=SRS0=NDRh=Y3=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org; spf=Pass smtp.helo=postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=pra; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=NDRh=Y3=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="alan.schmitt@polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  SRS0=NDRh=Y3=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org
  designates 129.104.30.34 as permitted sender)
  identity=mailfrom; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=NDRh=Y3=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="SRS0=NDRh=Y3=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="spf2.0";
  x-record-text="spf2.0/pra,mfrom +a:mx1.polytechnique.org
  +a:mx2.polytechnique.org +a:mx3.polytechnique.org
  +ip6:2001:41d0:1:94de::736d:7470 -all"
Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
  postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org designates 129.104.30.34 as
  permitted sender) identity=helo; client-ip=129.104.30.34;
  receiver=mail2-smtp-roc.national.inria.fr;
  envelope-from="SRS0=NDRh=Y3=polytechnique.org=alan.schmitt@bounces.m4x.org";
  x-sender="postmaster@mx1.polytechnique.org";
  x-conformance=sidf_compatible; x-record-type="v=spf1";
  x-record-text="v=spf1 a -all"
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 23 Aug 2022 10:06:46 +0200
Message-ID: <878rnf4c4p.fsf@m4x.org>
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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--=-=-=
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 16 to 23, 2022.

    





    

    Writing a transpiler from PHP to polyglot PHP+C code
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/d=
iscussion-writing-a-transpiler-from-php-to-polyglot-php-c-code/10301/4

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Olle H=C3=A4rstedt announced
    

    

    
Made a small prototype here, very standard thing: https://github.com/olleharstedt/=
pholyglot/tree/main/src

    


    
Parser and lexer in Menhir, AST that represents the subset PHP lang, then I=
'd have to iterate over it to infer some
types, transform to polyglot AST and from there to string.

    


    
The one thing to make it more professional would be proper error messages f=
or the end user… But you have to carry
file and line in the AST, right? Maybe I can google around. :thinking:

    

    

    

    





    

    How to speed up this function?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/how-to-speed-up-this-function/1028=
6/29

    

    


    

    Deep in a huge discussion, Yaron Minsky said
    

    

    
>>From our perspective at Jane Street, unboxed types is a very high pr=
iority. A large slice of the team is thinking
about it, and Chris Casinghino and Richard Eisenberg have joined recently a=
nd have it as their primary focus, along
with Antal.

    


    
In terms of when it makes it upstream, that's less clear. We're working har=
d on getting out some initial versions
done, and we plan on iterating internally, where it's easier for us to try =
things out and then change them as we go.
Once we have a design that we really believe in, we intend to propose it up=
stream, but how quickly that goes (and
whether it's successful at all!) depends on whether upstream maintainers an=
d the larger community find the
improvements compelling.

    


    
In any case, I find this conversation encouraging, since it suggests there'=
s some real hunger for improvements in
this space.

    


    
I expect ICFP in particular to be a good opportunity for people to learn mo=
re about the work we're doing both here,
and also on type-safe stack allocation. (For what it's worth, the latter is=
 already in production internally and
looks very promising.)

    


    
If you'll be at ICFP:

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2022 10:40:41 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 06 to
13, 2022.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Caqti 1.9.0 and Plans for 2.0.0
Outreachy summer =E2=80=9922 closing commemoration session on 23rd Sept
MirageOS for B2B SaaS
Tuareg and Caml modes for Emacs: what are the differences?
Engineer position at Imandra (Austin TX/UK)
Acme plumbing rules for OCaml
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Caqti 1.9.0 and Plans for 2.0.0
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Petter A. Urkedal announced
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  First I would like to announce the 1.9.0 minor release, see the
  release notes below for details.

  There is also ongoing work in the [caqti2 branch] targeted for the
  next major release. If someone have an opinion on directions, we can
  discuss it here, or in the issue tracker ([meta-issue]), see my brief
  notes below.

  I will attend parts of the ICFP 2022 virtually next week so there may
  be time to discuss over audio.


[caqti2 branch] 

[meta-issue] 

Release Notes for 1.9.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  New features:

  =E2=80=A2 Allow unquoted semicolons in query strings in the new API. Ther=
e are
    corner cases where it is needed, as reported in issue #87, and a
    parser which rejects semicolons are still available for loading
    schema files statement by statement.

  =E2=80=A2 Add support for MySQL and MariaDB configuration files, as a sol=
ution
    to issue #86.

  =E2=80=A2 Add a limit to the number of times a database connection is reu=
sed
    when pooling connections (#94). Thanks to Peter Mondlock for
    investigating resource usage server side motivating this addition.

  =E2=80=A2 Provide access to the raw SQLite3 connection handle for the pur=
pose
    of defining custom functions (#56).

  Fixes:

  =E2=80=A2 Add missing dune dependency on unix (GPR#85 by David Allsopp).

  =E2=80=A2 Documentation fixes (GPR#82, GPR#83, GPR#84 by Reynir Bj=C3=B6r=
nsson,
    GPR#88 by Jonathan Duarte, and GPR#92 by Jim Tittsler).

  Deprecations:

  =E2=80=A2 `Caqti_type.field' was deprecated in favour of `Caqti_type.Fiel=
d.t'.

  Other:

  =E2=80=A2 Replace deprecated core_kernel dependency with core.


Notes on 2.0.0 Development
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
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=E2=95=8C

  The main addition is pgx and mirage support. It is already functional,
  but not very useful for production, since it lacks TLS. The trick here
  is that PostgreSQL uses STARTTLS, so we can=E2=80=99t use conduit-lwt as-=
is.

  Another thing in progress, but unpublished, is [per-connection
  configuration]. Up till now, configuration has only been possible
  through the connection URL or behind-the-scene via C libraries (now
  also for MariaDB). However, this will no longer be practical for
  delivering CA certificates to pgx. Two design issues which you may
  have an opinion about:

  =E2=80=A2 Driver specific options can be defined in the `caqti' package o=
r in
    `caqti-driver-*' packages. In the former case, the configuration can
    be manipulated without depending on specific drivers, but the
    downside is that we will pull in dependencies on `x509',
    `domain-name', `ipaddr' and possibly `tls' and `sexplib0'.
  =E2=80=A2 My current sketch provides sexp-serialisation, a choice mainly
    motivated by the availability of such serialization for client
    configuration of `tls', but I hope to find a more generic solution
    which allows easy embedding of Caqti configuration in application
    configuration independent of which format is used.

  An example of how an sexp-formatted configuration might look like:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (connection
  =E2=94=82  (pool
  =E2=94=82   (max-use-count 20)
  =E2=94=82   (max-idle-size 10))
  =E2=94=82  (driver postgresql)
  =E2=94=82  (endpoints
  =E2=94=82   (inet pg1.example.org)
  =E2=94=82   (inet pg2.example.org))
  =E2=94=82  (target-session-attrs read-write))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where the `(pool ...)' clause is driver-indepnedent and the `(driver
  ...)' clause determines which DB-specific options are valid. In the
  current draft, order does not matter despite this dependency.

  (I could also mention plans of wrapping modules, but this will be done
  first as a forward-compatible module in parallel to the current
  modules preferably at the beginning of a major release cycle. The
  reason I haven=E2=80=99t written that main `Caqti' module yet, is that I =
would
  like to take the opportunity to tidy up the namespace to make it
  easier for newcomers to discover the main entry points.)


[per-connection configuration]



Outreachy summer =E2=80=9922 closing commemoration session on 23rd Sept
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Moazzam Moriani announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I, along with Jay, were the two [Outreachy] interns working with the
  OCaml :camel: community this summer. I worked on [Multicore
  Applications] and Jay on [TopoJSON]. Our internship, of course, was
  only made possible because @sudha and @patricoferris generously chose
  to volunteer to mentor us=E2=80=93as our respective mentors=E2=80=93throu=
ghout the
  summer. We are grateful to the both of them :heart:.

  Our three-month long Outreachy internship just ended relatively
  recently and, personally, I have really enjoyed working on my project
  and learning OCaml. So much so that Jay and I would like to share our
  experiences with the rest of the community. :sparkles:

  To carry forward a tradition established by the [previous Outreachy
  cohort], we will host a virtual session that will consist of two short
  presentations from the both of us followed by a Q&A. The session will
  be on Friday 23rd September 2-3pm CET.

  It is open to whoever wishes to join. A recording will be shared later
  online as well.

  We hope you will join us! :raised_hands:


[Outreachy] 

[Multicore Applications] 

[TopoJSON] 

[previous Outreachy cohort]



Marcus Rohrmoser asked and Moazzam Moriani replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        I suppose you mean CEST i.e.
        2022-09-23T14:00:00+02:00/PT1H

  Yes I do. Thank you for pointing it out.


MirageOS for B2B SaaS
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Volodymyr Melnyk asked
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have an idea to build a SaaS for corporate blogging (like Medium,
  but for companies) and I want to try MirageOS as a total platform for
  services. I have no production experience with OCaml (only Golang, JS,
  Ruby) and have no experience with MirageOS and unikernels (only
  Docker, Linux, and a little bit k8s), but I=E2=80=99m very interested in =
both.
  Could you please help me to clarify possible issues with such an
  approach?

  Also I=E2=80=99m interested about a hosting for MirageOS services. I don=
=E2=80=99t
  like containers and k8s stuff and I prefer dedicated and virtual
  servers instead of cloud stuff because I have no resources to pay up
  to 5x more for hosting.

  Thank you for your help!


Calascibetta Romain replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thank you for your interest in MirageOS. MirageOS is first and
  foremost a framework for creating an application (such as a blog) for
  several targets. One of these targets is [Solo5] which allows to
  create an entire system which includes everything necessary for OCaml
  (its runtime). Thus, one can deploy a MirageOS application on:
  =E2=80=A2 KVM (with the target `hvt')
  =E2=80=A2 [Xen]
  =E2=80=A2 or produce a simple executable taking advantage of [seccomp] (a=
nd
    thus finely controlling access to the executable).
  =E2=80=A2 we can also mention the experimental target for [Raspberry Pi 4]

  The objective of MirageOS is to make the choice of targets transparent
  to the application. This means that for a given application, deploying
  for KVM or Xen should not be an upstream choice (which would govern
  the development of the application) but the last of the choices which
  can, of course, be left to third party users.

  This reverses the development logic of an application thanks to
  abstraction mechanisms (specific to OCaml) (the [functors]) that allow
  to get rid of any specialisation to a given system (Solo5, Unix,
  Raspberry Pi, etc.).

  This is of course the theory and in practice, it works quite well :) .

  To take the example of the blog, you can see [Hannes=E2=80=99 blog] or [m=
ine]
  which runs on MirageOS (KVM). The latter have a similar architecture:
  a unikernel managing TLS certificates and redirecting HTTP connections
  to unikernels on a local network ([tlstunnel] or [contruno]) and a
  unikernel ([unipi]) that only transmits what appears in a Git
  repository via the HTTP protocol (http/1.1 and h2).

  Deployment depends of course on what you have. Regarding KVM, you can
  follow the tutorials [here] (quite general) and [there]. You can
  deploy your unikernels on Google Cloud with this (probably a bit old)
  [tutorial]. Finally, a deployment with seccomp is possible, it is a
  simple executable.

  Of course, most of these unikernels are already available for download
  [here] thanks to the excellent work of [robur.io]. It is ensured that
  the generated image is reproducible regardless of the context.

  There is of course a whole series of unikernels made by the community
  that you can mainly find on GitHub. We can talk about several services
  like [DNS] or [emails].

  I would like to specify that all this is still experimental. We are
  gradually reaching the stage where our unikernels are used in
  production domains, but it still requires a lot of work and a lot of
  skills for such a small team :) . Of course, we are open to everyone=E2=
=80=99s
  participation and we are especially here to help newcomers.


[Solo5] 

[Xen] 

[seccomp]


[Raspberry Pi 4] 

[functors] 

[Hannes=E2=80=99 blog] 

[mine] 

[tlstunnel] 

[contruno] 

[unipi] 

[here] 

[there] 

[tutorial]


[here] 

[robur.io] 

[DNS] 

[emails] 


Tuareg and Caml modes for Emacs: what are the differences?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, Tim McGilchrist announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I wrote up a longer form version of my setup at
  
  There are still some bits I am not happy with but I have been using it
  daily. Also @bbatsov wrote his version at
  


Engineer position at Imandra (Austin TX/UK)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [Imandra] is looking for a full time engineer in the UK or in Austin,
  Texas.

  The job offers can be found [here].Imandra is an AI startup developing
  a cloud-native automated reasoning engine for analysis of algorithms
  and data. Whether you=E2=80=99re writing mission-critical code or need to
  understand the countless complex decisions that a system may make, use
  Imandra to ensure the algorithms you create are safe, explainable and
  fair. OCaml is the main language used at Imandra.


[Imandra] 

[here] 


Acme plumbing rules for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


David A. Arroyo announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am sure that the intersection of OCaml users and [Acme] users is
  small, but I have reason to believe it is a non-zero set :) . For
  those of you using this spartan editor, here are some plumbing rules
  that I use that allow me to right-click on error messages returned by
  the OCaml compilers, and jump to the referenced location in acme:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # example: in file "foo/bar.ml", line 155, characters 30-62
  =E2=94=82 type	is	text
  =E2=94=82 data	matches	'.*[Ff]ile "([^"]+)", line ([0-9]+), characters ([=
0-9]+)-([0-9]+).*'$nl'?'
  =E2=94=82 arg	isfile	$1
  =E2=94=82 data	set	$file
  =E2=94=82 attr	add	addr=3D$2-#0+#$3,$2-#0+#$4
  =E2=94=82 plumb	to	edit
  =E2=94=82 plumb	client	$editor
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # example: File "tests/dune", line 2, characters 7-22:
  =E2=94=82 type	is	text
  =E2=94=82 data	matches	'.*[Ff]ile "([^"]+)", lines ([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).*'$n=
l'?'
  =E2=94=82 arg	isfile	$1
  =E2=94=82 data	set	$file
  =E2=94=82 attr	add	addr=3D$2,$3
  =E2=94=82 plumb	to	edit
  =E2=94=82 plumb	client	$editor
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It could probably be extended to search `~/.opam' so you could plumb
  errors in files outside of your project, but I do not use opam, so I
  haven=E2=80=99t needed to do it.

  Here is a short demo of its use: 

  It=E2=80=99s not in OCaml, but I also wrote
   and put an `OcamlFmt'
  script in acme=E2=80=99s $PATH like so:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 #!/bin/sh
  =E2=94=82 exec /usr/local/bin/acme-autoformat -r '\.mli?$' \
  =E2=94=82 	-- ocamlformat --name=3D'{{.Basename}}' --enable-outside-detec=
ted-project -
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This calls `ocamlformat' whenever I Put an .ml[i] file. This is
  probably obviated by combining acme-lsp and ocaml-lsp, but these two
  bits work well enough that I haven=E2=80=99t felt a need to pursue it.


[Acme] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Tarides Sponsors Girls Can Code]
  =E2=80=A2 [Introducing the Jane Street Graduate Research Fellowship]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Tarides Sponsors Girls Can Code]


[Introducing the Jane Street Graduate Research Fellowship]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I=E2=80=99ll=
 mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 06 to 13, 2=
022.

    





    

    Caqti 1.9.0 and Plans for 2.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caqti-1-9-0-and-plans-for=
-2-0-0/10448/1

    

    


    

    Petter A. Urkedal announced
    

    

    
First I would like to announce the 1.9.0 minor release, see the release not=
es below for details.

    


    
There is also ongoing work in the caqti2 branch targeted for
the next major release.  If someone have an opinion on directions, we can d=
iscuss it here, or in the issue tracker
(meta-issue<=
/a>), see my brief notes below.

    


    
I will attend parts of the ICFP 2022 virtually next week so there may be ti=
me to discuss over audio.

    

    


    

    Release Notes for 1.9.0
    

    

    
New features:

    


      

    • Allow unquoted semicolons in query strings in the new API.  There are
corner cases where it is needed, as reported in issue #87, and a parser
which rejects semicolons are still available for loading schema files
statement by statement.
      • 


    • Add support for MySQL and MariaDB configuration files, as a solution to
issue #86.
      • 


    • Add a limit to the number of times a database connection is reused when
pooling connections (#94).  Thanks to Peter Mondlock for investigating
resource usage server side motivating this addition.
      • 


    • Provide access to the raw SQLite3 connection handle for the purpose of
defining custom functions (#56).
      • 

    


    
Fixes:

    


      

    • Add missing dune dependency on unix (GPR#85 by David Allsopp).
      • 


    • Documentation fixes (GPR#82, GPR#83, GPR#84 by Reynir Bj=C3=B6rnsson,
GPR#88 by Jonathan Duarte, and GPR#92 by Jim Tittsler).
      • 

    


    
Deprecations:

    


      

    • Caqti_type.field was deprecated in favour of Caqti_t=
ype.Field.t.
      • 

    


    
Other:

    


      

    • Replace deprecated core_kernel dependency with core.
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Notes on 2.0.0 Development
    

    

    
The main addition is pgx and mirage support.  It is already functional, but=
 not very useful for production, since it
lacks TLS.  The trick here is that PostgreSQL uses STARTTLS, so we can&rsqu=
o;t use conduit-lwt as-is.

    


    
Another thing in progress, but unpublished, is per-connection configuration.  Up ti=
ll now, configuration has only been
possible through the connection URL or behind-the-scene via C libraries (no=
w also for MariaDB).  However, this will
no longer be practical for delivering CA certificates to pgx.  Two design i=
ssues which you may have an opinion
about:

    


      

    • Driver specific options can be defined in the caqti packag=
e or in caqti-driver-* packages. In the former case, the confi=
guration can be manipulated without depending on specific drivers, but the =
downside is that we will pull in dependencies on x509, d=
omain-name, ipaddr and possibly tls and sexplib0.
      • 

    • My current sketch provides sexp-serialisation, a choice mainly motivate=
d by the availability of such serialization for client configuration of tls, but I hope to find a more generic solution which allows easy=
 embedding of Caqti configuration in application configuration independent =
of which format is used.
      • 

    


    
An example of how an sexp-formatted configuration might look like:

    

    (connection
 (pool
  (max-use-count 20)
  (max-idle-size 10))
 (driver postgresql)
 (endpoints
  (inet pg1.example.org)
  (inet pg2.example.org))
 (target-session-attrs read-write))

    

    
where the (pool ...) clause is driver-indepnedent and the (driver ...) clause determines which DB-specific
options are valid. In the current draft, order does not matter despite this=
 dependency.

    


    
(I could also mention plans of wrapping modules, but this will be done firs=
t as a forward-compatible module in
parallel to the current modules preferably at the beginning of a major rele=
ase cycle.  The reason I haven’t written
that main Caqti module yet, is that I would like to take the o=
pportunity to tidy up the namespace to make it
easier for newcomers to discover the main entry points.)

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Outreachy summer ’22 closing commemoration session on 23=
rd Sept
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ou=
treachy-summer-22-closing-commemoration-session-on-23rd-sept/10450/1

    

    


    

    Moazzam Moriani announced
    

    

    
I, along with Jay, were the two Outr=
eachy interns working with the OCaml :camel:
community  this summer. I worked on Multicore Applications and Jay on
TopoJSON. Our int=
ernship, of course, was only made possible because
@sudha and @patricoferris generously chose to volunteer to mentor us–=
;as our respective mentors–throughout the
summer. We are grateful to the both of them :heart:.

    


    
Our three-month long Outreachy internship just ended relatively recently an=
d, personally, I have really enjoyed
working on my project and learning OCaml. So much so that Jay and I would l=
ike to share our experiences with the
rest of the community. :sparkles:

    


    
To carry forward a tradition established by the previou=
s Outreachy
cohort, we will host a virtual
session that will consist of two short presentations from the both of us fo=
llowed by a Q&A. The session will be on
Friday 23rd September 2-3pm CET.

    


    
It is open to whoever wishes to join. A recording will be shared later onli=
ne as well.

    


    
We hope you will join us! :raised_hands:

    

    

    



    

    Marcus Rohrmoser asked and Moazzam Moriani replied

    

    

    
I suppose you mean CEST i.e. 2022-09-23T14:00:00+02:00/PT1H

    

    


    
Yes I do. Thank you for pointing it out.

    

    

    

    





    

    MirageOS for B2B SaaS
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mirageos-for-b2b-saas/10454/1

    

    


    

    Volodymyr Melnyk asked
    

    

    
I have an idea to build a SaaS for corporate blogging (like Medium, but for=
 companies) and I want to try MirageOS as
a total platform for services. I have no production experience with OCaml (=
only Golang, JS, Ruby) and have no
experience with MirageOS and unikernels (only Docker, Linux, and a little b=
it k8s), but I’m very interested in both.
Could you please help me to clarify possible issues with such an approach?

    


    
Also I’m interested about a hosting for MirageOS services. I don&rsqu=
o;t like containers and k8s stuff and I prefer
dedicated and virtual servers instead of cloud stuff because I have no reso=
urces to pay up to 5x more for hosting.

    


    
Thank you for your help!

    

    

    



    

    Calascibetta Romain replied
    

    

    
Thank you for your interest in MirageOS. MirageOS is first and foremost a f=
ramework for creating an application
(such as a blog) for several targets. One of these targets is Solo5 which allows
to create an entire system which includes everything necessary for OCaml (i=
ts runtime). Thus, one can deploy a
MirageOS application on:

    

      

    • KVM (with the target hvt)
      • 

    • Xen
      • 

    • or produce a simple executable taking advantage of seccomp (a=
nd thus finely controlling access to the executable).
      • 

    • we can also mention the experimental target for Raspberry Pi 4
      • 

    


    
The objective of MirageOS is to make the choice of targets transparent to t=
he application. This means that for a
given application, deploying for KVM or Xen should not be an upstream choic=
e (which would govern the development of
the application) but the last of the choices which can, of course, be left =
to third party users.

    


    
This reverses the development logic of an application thanks to abstraction=
 mechanisms (specific to OCaml) (the
functors) that allow to get=
 rid of any specialisation to a given system (Solo5,
Unix, Raspberry Pi, etc.).

    


    
This is of course the theory and in practice, it works quite well :) .

    


    
To take the example of the blog, you can see Hannes’ blog or mine
which runs on MirageOS (KVM). The latter have a similar architecture: a uni=
kernel managing TLS certificates and
redirecting HTTP connections to unikernels on a local network (tlstunnel or
contruno) and a unike=
rnel (unipi) that
only transmits what appears in a Git repository via the HTTP protocol (http=
/1.1 and h2).

    


    
Deployment depends of course on what you have. Regarding KVM, you can follo=
w the tutorials
here (quite=
 general) and
there. You =
can deploy your unikernels on Google Cloud with this
(probably a bit old) tutorial. Finally, a
deployment with seccomp is possible, it is a simple executable.

    


    
Of course, most of these unikernels are already available for download here thanks to
the excellent work of robur.io. It is ens=
ured that the generated image is reproducible
regardless of the context.

    


    
There is of course a whole series of unikernels made by the community that =
you can mainly find on GitHub. We can
talk about several services like DNS or
emails.

    


    
I would like to specify that all this is still experimental. We are gradual=
ly reaching the stage where our
unikernels are used in production domains, but it still requires a lot of w=
ork and a lot of skills for such a small
team :) . Of course, we are open to everyone’s participation and we a=
re especially here to help newcomers.

    

    

    

    





    

    Tuareg and Caml modes for Emacs: what are the differences?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tuareg-=
and-caml-modes-for-emacs-what-are-the-differences/10285/12

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Tim McGilchrist announced
    

    

    
I wrote up a longer form version of my setup at https://lambdafoo.com/po=
sts/2022-09-07-ocaml-with-emacs-2022.html
There are still some bits I am not happy with but I have been using it dail=
y.
Also @bbatsov wrote his version at https://batsov.com/artic=
les/2022/08/23/setting-up-emacs-for-ocaml-development/

    

    

    

    





    

    Engineer position at Imandra (Austin TX/UK)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/engineer-position-at-im=
andra-austin-tx-uk/10465/1

    

    


    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Imandra is looking for a full time engi=
neer in the UK or in Austin, Texas.

    


    
The job offers can be found here.Imandra is an AI startup developing a
cloud-native automated reasoning engine for analysis of algorithms and data=
. Whether you’re writing mission-critical
code or need to understand the countless complex decisions that a system ma=
y make, use Imandra to ensure the
algorithms you create are safe, explainable and fair. OCaml is the main lan=
guage used at Imandra.

    

    

    

    





    

    Acme plumbing rules for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/acme-plumbing-rules-for-ocaml/10467=
/1

    

    


    

    David A. Arroyo announced
    

    

    
I am sure that the intersection of OCaml users and Acme users is small, but I have reason
to believe it is a non-zero set :) . For those of you using this spartan ed=
itor, here are some plumbing rules that I
use that allow me to right-click on error messages returned by the OCaml co=
mpilers, and jump to the referenced
location in acme:

    


    # example: in file "foo/bar.ml", line 155, characters 30-62
type	is	text
data	matches	'.*[Ff]ile "([^"]+)", line ([0-9]+), characters ([0-9]+)-([0-9=
]+).*'$nl'?'
arg	isfile	$1
data	set	$file
attr	add	addr=3D$2-#0+#$3,$2-#0+#$4
plumb	to	edit
plumb	client	$editor

# example: File "tests/dune", line 2, characters 7-22:
type	is	text
data	matches	'.*[Ff]ile "([^"]+)", lines ([0-9]+)-([0-9]+).*'$nl'?'
arg	isfile	$1
data	set	$file
attr	add	addr=3D$2,$3
plumb	to	edit
plumb	client	$editor

    


    
It could probably be extended to search ~/.opam so you could p=
lumb errors in files outside of your project, but I
do not use opam, so I haven’t needed to do it.

    


    
Here is a short demo of its use: h=
ttps://youtu.be/Evl-N0oNNd0

    


    
It’s not in OCaml, but I also wrote https://github.com/droyo/acme-autoformat and put an=
 OcamlFmt script in
acme’s $PATH like so:

    


    #!/bin/sh
exec /usr/local/bin/acme-autoformat -r '\.mli?$' \
	-- ocamlformat --name=3D'{{.Basename}}' --enable-outside-detected-project -

    


    
This calls ocamlformat whenever I Put an .ml[i] file. This is =
probably obviated by combining acme-lsp and
ocaml-lsp, but these two bits work well enough that I haven’t felt a =
need to pursue it.

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I’ll mail it to you, or go take=
 a look at the archive or=
 the RSS feed of the a=
rchives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 2022 16:01:25 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 13 to 20, 2=
022.

    





    

    Sandmark Nightly Service now reports Instructions Retired alon=
g with Time
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/sandmark-nightly-service-now-reports-instructions-retired-along-wi=
th-time/10475/1

    

    


    

    Shakthi Kannan announced
    

    

    
Sandmark Nightly is a service for the OCaml compiler developers that helps =
benchmark the development branches of the
compiler on the large set of Sandmark benchmarks on tuned machines and repo=
rts the results in an interactive UI.
Currently, Sandmark nightly reported many metrics including running time. B=
ut running time is a notoriously noisy
metric on modern architectures due to the effects of modern OS, arch and mi=
cro-arch optimisations. There could be
swings of 50% in either directions when the directory in which the program =
is run changes.

    


    
While we run Sandmark benchmarks on tuned machines, we still see impact of =
noise on the real time measurements. To
this end, we introduce a new metric into Sandmark nightly that in addition =
to real time, would help interpret the
results accounting for the noise. We now report =E2=80=9Cinstructions retir=
ed=E2=80=9D for Sandmark runs. Instructions retired
report the number of instructions executed by the program during its run an=
d hence is shielded from the noise that
affects real time measurements. Of course, the same number of instructions =
may be discharged at different rates by
the processor due to instruction-level parallelism and hence, the instructi=
ons discharged metric should be used in
conjunction with real time measurements. For example, if a new compiler fea=
ture adds 2 instructions to the prolog of
the function, then the instructions retired metric should inform you how ma=
ny new instructions are actually executed
on top of the baseline.

    


    
The instructions retired metric is collected from perf command=
. We also have other useful metrics from perf such
as page faults, branches, branch misses, cache misses at various levels of =
the hierarchy, etc. We will add graphs to
report these going forward. Enjoy the new feature, and as ever, report issu=
es and bugs to S=
andmark
Issues.

    


    
The web service is available at ht=
tps://sandmark.tarides.com and you can select the Perfstat Output=
 radio button
on the left panel as shown below.

    



    

    3D"5f9d3d8d87=

    

    


    
After selecting the variants and a baseline for comparison, you can view th=
e normalised instructions per cycle
change as illustrated below:

    



    

    3D"1baf673b12=

    

    


    
You can also request for your development branches to be added to the Sandm=
ark Nightly Service at the
sandmark=
-nightly-config repository for the nightly runs.

    

    


    

    References
    

    

      

    1. Run perfstat with Sandmark nightly service. Sandmark PR #394
      2. 

    2. Add webpage with perfstat output from Sandmark. Sandmark-nightly PR #81

    3. perfstat.ipynb. Sandmark perfstat Jupyter notebook=

      4. 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Outreachy December 2022
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-december-2022/10336/18

    

    


    

    Patrick Ferris said
    

    

    
Just a reminder the deadline for mentor signup is in 9 days, the same day as
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-sum=
mer-22-closing-commemoration-session-on-23rd-sept/10450 :camel:

    

    

    

    





    

    Unicode 15.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-unicod=
e-15-0-0-update-for-uucd-uucp-uunf-and-uuseg/10485/1

    

    


    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
Unicode 15.0.0 was released on the 13th of september. It adds 4489 new char=
acters to the standard.

    


    
Given the increasing contributions from the South Asian subcontinent to OCa=
ml we are glad this includes support for
the 42 (sic) characters of the Nag Mundari script. For information about th=
e other additions, see the
announcement page.

    


    
Accordingly the libraries mentioned at the end of this message had to be up=
dated. Consult the individual release
notes for details. Both Uucd and Uucp are incompatible releases sinces new =
script and block enumerants had to be
added.

    


    
Note that starting from Unicode 16.0.0 =E2=80=93 that is in a year =E2=80=
=93 these libraries will be changed to use the UTF decoders
of the standard library rather than rely on Uutf. They will thus only be av=
ailable for OCaml >=3D 4.14.

    


    
The OCaml tips of the minimal Unicode introduction, which you should read if Unico=
de still puzzles you, have been
updated to mention the new standard library UTF decoders.

    


    
Also, the ucharinfo tool distributed with uucp[^1=
] can now also lookup characters by matching substrings in
their Unicode name or name aliases.

    


    
Best,

    


    
Daniel

    


    
A big thanks for funding from the OCaml So=
ftware Foundation and from my faithful donators.

    





    
[^1]: It’s a depopt you’ll need opam install cmdliner uut=
f uunf uucp to install it.

    

    

    

    





    

    OUPS meetup september 2022 (french only)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetup-september-2022=
-french-only/10492/1

    

    


    

    zapashcanon announced
    

    

    
(this is in french only as the talks will be in french it=E2=80=99s probabl=
y not relevant for english speakers)

    


    
Le prochain OUPS aura lieu le jeudi 29 septembre 2022. Le rendez-vou=
s est fix=C3=A9 =C3=A0 19h au 4 place Jussieu
(salle =C3=A0 pr=C3=A9ciser), 75005 Paris.

    


    
L=
’inscription est obligatoire pour pouvoir acc=C3=A9der
au meetup !

    


    
Les expos=C3=A9s seront =C3=A9galement retransmis en ligne sur le gal=C3=A8ne du OUPS.

    


    
Toutes les informations sont disponibles sur le site du OUPS.

    


    
Programme :

    


    
COBOL 101 – =C3=89milien Lemaire

    


    
COBOL est un langage tr=C3=A8s ancien et est assez =C3=A9loign=C3=A9 de ceu=
x que nous manipulons tous les jours. Malgr=C3=A9 cela il
reste l’un des plus utilis=C3=A9s dans le monde.

    


    
Durant cette pr=C3=A9sentation je vais donc vous introduire au langage, voi=
r comment sont =C3=A9crit les programmes, comment
les variables sont-elles d=C3=A9clar=C3=A9es et comment les manipuler. Je v=
ais aussi vous pr=C3=A9senter quelques features
“int=C3=A9ressantes” du langage, dont certaines sont inattendue=
s.

    


    
OCaml Multicore – Florian Angeletti

    


    
Opam-bin: Opam et paquets binaires – Fabrice Le Fessant

    


    
L’utilisation d’un gestionnaire de paquets sources comme Opam n=
’est pas toujours optimale en temps, car l’outil
passe beaucoup de temps =C3=A0 recompiler des paquets, d=C3=A8j=C3=A0 compi=
l=C3=A9s dans le pass=C3=A9 ou par d’autres utilisateurs. Le
plugin Opam-bin r=C3=A9pond =C3=A0 ce probl=C3=A8me en permettant de cr=C3=
=A9er =C3=A0 la vol=C3=A9e des paquets binaires, qui seront r=C3=A9utilis=
=C3=A9s =C3=A0
l’avenir et peuvent =C3=AAtre partag=C3=A9s avec d’autres utili=
sateurs. L’expos=C3=A9 montre son utilisation et comment il
fonctionne.

    


    
Les pr=C3=A9sentations seront suivies par des discussions libres. Les pizza=
s seront offertes par la fondation OCaml !
:pizza:

    

    

    

    





    

    strymonas v2: library for highest-performance stream processin=
g
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-09/msg00004.html=


    

    


    

    Oleg announced
    

    

    
As has just been announced at the OCAML 2022 workshop, the new,
re-written version of strymonas library is now available at

    


    
https://strymonas.github.io

    


    
Strymonas is the stream processing library that achieves the highest
performance of existing OCaml streaming libraries, attaining the speed
and memory efficiency of hand-written state machines.  It supports
finite and infinite streams with the familiar declarative interface,
of any combination of map, filter, take(while), drop(while), zip,
flatmap combinators and tupling. Experienced users may use the
lower-level interface of stateful streams and implement accumulating
maps, compression and windowing.  The library is based on assured code
generation (at present, of OCaml and C) and guarantees in all cases
complete fusion.

    


    
Compared with the original strymonas (POPL 2017), the new version is
completely re-written and:

    

      

    • Generates not only OCaml but also C (which needs no OCaml
run-time and vectorizable)
      • 

    • Has Core + code-generation Backends architecture:
MetaOCaml is needed only for the OCaml backend and benchmarks;
the Core and the C generation backend are pure OCaml.
More backends can be easily added.
      • 

    • The complete fusion is now achieved in all cases
      • 

    • Supports both user-friendly and familiar declarative combinators,
and low-level core of stafeful streams (which can be used together)
      • 

    • Core streams support streams over tuples, records and even
abstract data types
      • 

    • Fusion is now performed as normalization-by-evaluation
      • 

    


    
The paper
        https://s=
trymonas.github.io/docs/ocaml-22.pdf
and the OCAML 2022 talk (soon to be available on YouTube’s SIGPLAN ch=
annel,
among all other talks of the ICFP 2022 event) give more details. The
github repo contains the complete code of the library, examples and
all benchmarks.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Community Code of Conduct
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-community-code-of-conduct/1=
0494/1

    

    


    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
Hello all! On behalf of the OCaml CoC committee, I’d like to present =
the proposed Code of Conduct for the OCaml
community. We hope this is a step towards ensuring a friendly and inclusive=
 community for everyone.

    


    
The CoC text, based on Contributor Covenant can be found
here.

    

    


    

    The committee
    

    

    
The current committee consists of the following people:

    


      

    • Louis Roch=C3=A9 ( @Khady, Ahrefs)
      • 

    • Marcello Seri ( @mseri, University of Groningen)
      • 

    • Raja Boujbel ( @rjbou, OCamlPro)
      • 

    • Simon Cruanes ( @c-cube, Imandara Software)
      • 

    • Sonja Heinze (@pitag, Tarides)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Scope
    

    

    
The spaces within the scope of the committee at the moment are:

    


      

    • discuss.ocaml.org
      • 

    • OCaml mailing list
      • 

    • OCaml IRC
      • 

    • OCaml GitHub organisation
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Timeline
    

    

    
The committee has discussed on the CoC text. We’d be happy to hear an=
y feedback from the community. If all goes
well, the CoC will be enforced roughly a month from now. We’ll keep t=
his thread updated with any developments.

    

    

    


    

    Role of OCaml Software foundation
    

    

    
While this effort is endorsed by the OCaml Software Foundation, they’=
re not directly involved with the committee’s
operation or decisions by the committee on the enforcement, and this would =
remain the same in future.

    

    

    


    

    Onboarding more projects
    

    

    
The committee is open to onboarding more projects under the umbrella of thi=
s CoC.

    


    
We see two ways to go forward:

    


    
(1) Projects adopt the CoC text and the project maintainers do the moderati=
on work themselves.

    


    
(2) Projects adopt the CoC text and the committee would also act as arbitre=
rs for violation reports submitted to
them.

    


    
Ideally we could do a combination of both. Smaller projects could possibly =
adopt the latter and take help from the
committee for enforcement, while bigger projects with capacity to do the mo=
deration themselves can adopt the CoC
text. The decision to accept projects into the umbrella lies with the commi=
ttee.

    


    
We’re keen to hear any thoughts or suggestions for improvement. If yo=
u’re interested to adopt this CoC for your
OCaml project, please don’t hesitate to post here or contact me (writ=
e to me at sudharg247 [at] gmail [dot] com or
DM here) or any of the committee members (DM here).

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Use OCaml to interact with Neovim
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/what-will-be-req=
uired-to-transpile-ocaml-to-lua/10493/10

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Dani Dickstein said
    

    

    
For the Neovim-specific use case, you may want to take a look at vcaml,
which lets you write OCaml programs that interact with Neovim over msgpack =
RPC. Do note though that while the
library as-is should provide you with the functionality you need, it is und=
er active development so the API may
change (improve) in significant ways between releases.

    

    

    

    





    

    What will be required to transpile OCaml to Lua?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/what-will-be-req=
uired-to-transpile-ocaml-to-lua/10493/14

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, David Jeffrey said
    

    

    
Doesn’t necessarily help much, but a while ago I wrote a proof-of-con=
cept ML-style language (using OCaml, of course)
that transpiled to Lua - htt=
ps://github.com/merle-lang/luml (I was mostly thinking about targeting =
game engines… I
did enough to implement Tetris and then gave up on it).

    


    
The module that emits Lua source code was pretty simple:
h=
ttps://github.com/merle-lang/luml/blob/master/lib/compile.ml - I did th=
inking about trying to target byte code but
it seemed tricky due to different Lua versions, I think.

    

    

    

    





    

    OBazl Toolsuite - tools for building OCaml with Bazel
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/obazl-toolsu=
ite-tools-for-building-ocaml-with-bazel/10021/10

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, james woodyatt asked and Greg=
g Reynolds replied
    

    

    

    
Any chance we might see a conf-bazel package added to OPAM so =
a package can depend on a compatible version of
Bazel being installed on the host?

    

    


    
I’ve put a lot of work into seamless OPAM integration, but only in on=
e direction: make it easy to use OPAM resources
in a Bazel build program. I have not put much thought into integrating Baze=
l itself into the OPAM ecosystem. For
example publishing a Bazel-enabled package to OPAM.  It looks like writing =
such a conf-bazel package would be pretty
easy, but I’m not sure it would do us much good at the moment.  What =
specific use cases do you have in mind?

    


    
There are two ways to integrate Bazel and OPAM.  One is to automatically ge=
nerate BUILD.bazel files for OPAM
packages. Then Bazel would build everything, eliminating the need for the O=
PAM engine.  This is the strategy
followed by rust (tool: cargo_raze, evidently now supplanted by crate_unive=
rse) and go (tool: gazelle).
Unfortunately a complete solution along these lines is not feasible for OCa=
ml, since source files do not carry
enough information to support inference to a build program, and OPAM packag=
es may use a variety of build languages
(Dune, Makefiles, OMake, etc.).  On the other hand, Dune seems to be the mo=
st widely used build engine by a
considerable margin, and the Dune language is easy to parse (if not so easy=
 to interpret), so I’m working on a
conversion tool that automatically converts Dune files to BUILD.bazel files.

    


    
The other strategy is to rely on OPAM to build dependencies and then &ldquo=
;import” the built artifacts into Bazel.  OBazl
defines an opam_import rule for this purpose, and a tool that =
bazelizes OPAM switches, generating an OBazl
’coswitch’.  The mapping from OPAM package name to Bazel label =
is straightforward:  ’yojson’ to
@yojson//lib/yojson, ’lwt.unix’ to @lwt//lib=
/unix, etc.

    


    
So in practice OBazl supports a hybrid approach. Use Bazel to build your co=
de, but import pre-built OPAM
dependencies. To do that you run the opam conversion tool to generate a &rs=
quo;coswitch’ which defines a local Bazel repo
for each OPAM package, and configure your WORKSPACE.bazel to import those r=
epos. Write your BUILD.bazel files using
opam labels as above.  If your project already uses dune, you can run the d=
une conversion tool to generate your
BUILD.bazel files, which in some cases will need some tweaking, since some =
Dune stanzas lack sufficient information
for conversion, and in others the conversion code needs complicated logic t=
hat I haven’t gotten around to writing,
or that does not seem worth the bother.

    


    
The OPAM “import” conversion tool is fairly stable. It converts=
 the META files in OPAM into BUILD.bazel files, which
include dependency information. So when you depend on an opam_import<=
/code> target you get its entire dependency graph.

    


    
The Dune migration tool is another matter.  Reverse-engineering the Dune la=
nguage is a non-trivial task, lemme tell
ya.  The good news is that after what seems like eons of work the end is in=
 sight. I’ve been running it against a
semi-random set of projects (js_of_ocaml, ocaml-protoc, some ppx libs, etc.=
) and working through the quirks
inch-by-inch.  Rule stanzas are a real PITA, can I just say that?  In any c=
ase, it looks like I should have an alpha
release with documentation and some case studies within a week or so.  I ho=
pe. At the very least I’ll convert my dev
configuration into something usable by others so you can follow along if yo=
u want.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I’ll mail it to you, or go take=
 a look at the archive or=
 the RSS feed of the a=
rchives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , "cwn"  , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 27 Sep 2022 09:17:14 +0200
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News

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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 20 to
27, 2022.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Esperanto, when OCaml meets Cosmopolitan
OBazl Toolsuite - tools for building OCaml with Bazel
Orsetto: structured data interchange languages (release 1.1.2)
Interest in a Http_sig library?
Outreachy summer =E2=80=9922 closing commemoration session on 23rd Sept
findlib-1.9.6
Interesting OCaml Articles
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Esperanto, when OCaml meets Cosmopolitan
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  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am delighted to present the first *experimental* release of
  Esperanto. This project is a new OCaml _toolchain_ that creates
  binaries compiled with the [Cosmopolitan C library] and linked with
  the [=CE=B1c=CF=84=C2=B5=CE=B1lly p=CE=B4r=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5 =CE=B5x=CE=
=B5c=C2=B5=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5] link script. The binary produced is
  then portable to different platforms:

  
  
  
  
  
  
  

  The main objective of Esperanto is to provide a toolchain capable of
  producing a portable binary from an existing project. This would allow
  to finally be able to distribute software for all these platforms
  without having to:
  1) manage multiple platforms orthogonally, the Cosmopolitan C library
     offers you the POSIX API for all platforms (including Windows)
  2) Produce several versions of the same software for each platform.
     Only the binary is needed to run on all platforms

  Cosmopolitan *does not* however produce a binary with a multi-platform
  assembler. At this stage, our distribution only supports the `x86_64'
  assembler (the most common one) but we are working on the possibility
  to produce a binary with different assemblers.

  I would like to give special thanks to Justine, the author of the
  Cosmopolitan project (to develop [redbean], a small portable HTTP
  server) for her excellent work.


[Cosmopolitan C library] 

[=CE=B1c=CF=84=C2=B5=CE=B1lly p=CE=B4r=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5 =CE=B5x=CE=B5c=
=C2=B5=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5] 

[redbean] 

A _toolchain_
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In OCaml, the =E2=80=9Ctoolchain=E2=80=9D principle allows the existence =
of several
  compilers within an OPAM switch and to choose one of them when it
  comes to cross-compiling a project. This principle, even though it is
  not clearly defined and even though its use remains very limited,
  exists through the `ocamlfind` tool.

  You can find these toolchains in your switch:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ ls $(opam var lib)/findlib.conf.d/
  =E2=94=82 esperanto.conf solo5.conf
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  From our experience with Mirage as well as the work done in `dune'
  regarding cross-compilation, the choice to propose a new _toolchain_
  in order to allow cross-compilation of projects with OPAM is both a
  historical choice but also the most relevant one in our opinion [1].


=E2=97=8A Why we need to cross-compile?

  The term cross-compilation can be misunderstood if we only consider
  the question of the assembler issued by the compiler (does it match
  the host assembler or not). In our case, cross-compilation is a
  broader term that implies the use of external artefacts to the
  compiler that are different from the default and the use of compiler
  options that must be used throughout the production of the final
  binary.

  In other words, even though we are emitting the same assembler, we are
  doing so in a different =E2=80=9Ccontext=E2=80=9D which requires the defi=
nition of a
  new _toolchain_ which includes our artefacts and compiler options.

  One of these artefacts is of course the C library used by the compiler
  which will then be systematically used by the _runtime caml_, the well
  named `libasmrun.a'. This is why, for example, there is a version of
  OCaml with [musl]. So there must be a version of OCaml with
  Cosmopolitan.

  This new _toolchain_ also allows you to include the necessary options
  for compiling C files because, yes, you can compile a C file with
  `ocamlopt'.

  In order to provide a coherent _workflow_ for a project, we need to
  provide not only a `libasmrun.a' compiled with our Cosmopolitan C
  library but also an OCaml compiler capable of invoking the C compiler
  with the right options required by Cosmopolitan.

  Finally, we also need to describe in this _toolchain_ how to link the
  object files together to actually produce a portable binary using the
  APE script.


  [musl] 


=E2=97=8A A simple example with this new _toolchain_

  Installing Esperanto is very easy with OPAM. It will install the
  cross-compiler and the necessary files so that `ocamlfind~/~dune' can
  recognise this new _toolchain_:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install esperanto
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Finally, let=E2=80=99s try to produce a simple binary that displays =E2=
=80=9CHello
  World!=E2=80=9D:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ cat >main.ml <

  =E2=97=8A Execution & Assimilation

    If you are not concerned by the above problems, you can simply run
    the program:
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 $ ./a.out
    =E2=94=82 Hello World!
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

    There is a final solution that requires a little explanation of what
    =CE=B1c=CF=84=C2=B5=CE=B1lly p=CE=B4r=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5 =CE=B5x=CE=B5=
c=C2=B5=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5 is. Indeed, the latter makes it
    possible to create a polyglot binary whose first point of entry is
    not your program but a small program which tries to recognize on
    which platform the binary tries to run.

    After this recognition, this little program will =E2=80=9Cinject=E2=80=
=9D values
    corresponding to the platform in which you try to run your program
    in order to finally let Cosmopolitan manage the translation between
    its interface and the real POSIX interface that your system offers.

    Of course, this step has a cost as it adds an indirection between
    what your program wants to do and what is available on the system
    running your program. However, APE offers a very special option that
    allows the program to be assimilated to the platform in which it
    wants to run.
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 $ file a.out
    =E2=94=82 a.out: DOS/MBR boot sector
    =E2=94=82 $ sh -c "./a.out --assimilate"
    =E2=94=82 $ file a.out
    =E2=94=82 a.out: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64
    =E2=94=82 $ ./a.out
    =E2=94=82 Hello World!
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

    This option makes your application truly native to the platform in
    which you run it. This means above all that the program is *no
    longer* portable.


  =E2=97=8A Esperanto, `dune' & `opam monorepo'

    The `dune' software also incorporates this toolchain idea using the
    `-x' option. More pragmatically, it is possible to define a new dune
    context to use Esperanto as a compilation toolchain.

    However, the original aim of Esperanto is to produce a portable
    binary. This implies, among other things, that it should not depend
    on remaining artefacts in order to run and, in this sense, the
    compilation of your project should be a static compilation. This
    means that all dependencies of your project must be available to
    compile in the same context as your project.

    Again, this is particularly necessary if any of your dependencies
    include C files, so they need to be compiled in some way.

    This is where `opam monorepo' comes in, it will simply =E2=80=9Cvendor=
=E2=80=9D your
    dependencies into a =E2=80=9Cduniverse=E2=80=9D folder. Here are the st=
eps needed to
    compile a project with Esperanto. We=E2=80=99ll take [`decompress'] as =
an
    example which produces a binary that can compress/decompress
    documents:
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 $ git clone https://github.com/mirage/decompress
    =E2=94=82 $ cd decompress
    =E2=94=82 $ cat >>bin/dune <dune-workspace <


Issues
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Apart from the outcomes described above, however, the Esperanto
  toolchain is not complete. Indeed, the OCaml distribution gives
  several libraries such as `unix.cmxa' and `threads.cmxa'. A little
  work has been done to make the former available. The second one is
  however unavailable for the moment since Cosmopolitan only partially
  implements `pthread'.

  However, it seems that the author of Cosmopolotian wants to implement
  the rest of the `pthread' API which will then allow us to provide
  support for `threads.cmxa' and OCaml 5.

  This of course makes support for the projects more limited than we
  imagined (and that=E2=80=99s why this release is experimental) however, an
  effort has already been made to lwt into Cosmopolitan=E2=80=99s hypotheti=
cal
  future support for `pthread'.


Future
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As explained above, support for `threads.cmxa' and OCaml 5 remains the
  priority. however, an effort has already been made to support [Lwt]
  via Cosmopolitan=E2=80=99s hypothetical future support for `pthread'.

  However, it is possible that Cosmopolitan could become a target for
  the MirageOS project in the same way as Solo5 (or our recent
  experiment on Raspberry Pi 4).

  In this sense, we will surely propose an integration in MirageOS so
  that projects can both produce unikernels with Solo5 or portable
  binaries with Cosmopolitan.

  [1] However, the question remains open at several levels, that of the
  compiler, that of OPAM and of course that of `dune'. It is clear that
  the current situation is not the best in terms of what we need to do
  to produce such a cross-compiler. Only the feedback from Solo5 (which
  requires cross-compilation) allows us to say that it is surely the
  right choice for what we want to offer.


[Lwt] 


Conclusion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We hope that this project will facilitate the distribution of
  software. You can read a more technical article about our work [here].
  Finally, I would like to thank [robur.io] (an association you [can
  help]) for allowing me to do this project.

  *EDIT*: The author of Cosmopolitan just released Cosmopolitan with
  `pthread' support. So we will definitely try to improve our
  distribution to include OCaml with `threads.cmxa' support and move
  forward with OCaml 5!


[here] 

[robur.io] 

[can help] 


OBazl Toolsuite - tools for building OCaml with Bazel
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep into this thread, Yawar Amin asked and Gregg Reynolds replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Doesn=E2=80=99t dune get advertised as being able to handle
        multiple programming languages, including C/C++?

  There=E2=80=99s really no comparison. Dune evidently can use the (C ABI)
  outputs of a =E2=80=9Cforeign=E2=80=9D build (if you write the glue code =
needed to
  make this work) but there=E2=80=99s no real /build/ integration, and no
  hermeticity guarantees. Under Bazel different languages use different
  rulesets but they=E2=80=99re all Bazel rulesets, so you get one dependency
  graph across all languages, and if the rulesets are hermetic you get a
  hermetic build. Without ABI restrictions. For example if your build
  needs to run a Python (or Javascript, Ruby, whatever) tool, Bazel will
  build the tool and run it for you.

  Even for C I think Bazel has much better integration. The rules in
  rules_cc (e.g. cc_library producing a .a file) deliver a CcInfo
  provider (a provider is a kind of struct whose fields contain the
  artifacts delivered by a build action). The rules in rules_ocaml (e.g.
  ocaml_module) understand CcInfo dependencies and pass them around
  using OcamlProvider (a provider specific to the ocaml rules). Bazel
  supports a merge operation for CcInfo, and the ocaml rules always
  merge their CcInfo deps and pass them on. So every build target
  delivers the merge of all its CcInfo deps. The ocaml_binary rule that
  links its dependencies into an executable merges its CcInfo deps
  (which include merged CcInfo from their deps, recursively) and ends up
  with a single CcInfo containing every cc dependency in the dep graph,
  in the right order, with no duplicates. Then its simply a matter of
  constructing the link command with the appropriate =E2=80=93ccopt options.
  More succinctly: you can add a C dep directly to the module that needs
  it, and Bazel it pass it up the dependency chain, ensuring that it
  ends up on the command line when needed - building archives or
  executables. You don=E2=80=99t need to add a C dep to an archive target w=
hen
  only one of n modules in the archive actually depends on it.

  I=E2=80=99ve just started working on rules_jsoo, which I think will nicely
  demonstrate the virtues of Bazel integration. The Bazel ecosystem
  includes a bunch of tools for working with Javascript; for example
  rules_js and rules_nodejs make it easy to control which node toolchain
  version to use, integrate npm stuff, etc. Wouldn=E2=80=99t it be nice to =
be
  able to use such tools directly, without writing a bunch of glue code?
  Now a key element of Bazel integration is the use of providers. Rules
  deliver providers, and since providers act as a kind of rudimentary
  type system, I can use the JsInfo provider (defined by rules_js) to
  integrate rules_jsoo with the larger Bazel js ecoystem. For example,
  the jsoo_library rule takes the OcamlProvider provider delivered by
  ocaml_module rules, which contains the .cmo file. So jsoo_library runs
  those .cmo files through the jsoo compiler and delivers the resulting
  js files in a JsInfo provider. That provider is suitable as input to
  the rules in rules_js, which gives us seamless integration. So we can
  use the js_binary rule of rules_js to run code produced by
  jsoo_library under node. All that=E2=80=99s needed is to list the latter =
as a
  dependency of the former. That=E2=80=99s the plan, anyway. Isn=E2=80=99t =
that nice?


Gregg Reynolds said and Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Ideally somebody learning a new language should not need
        to spend any time (at first) dealing with a build language
        too.

  This doesn=E2=80=99t only apply to learning. It also applies to prototypi=
ng,
  hypothesis generation and testing.

  That=E2=80=99s the reason why I built [`brzo'] which I hope I=E2=80=99ll =
be able to
  release at some point (still needs a good design review and changes to
  the OCaml strategy since it assumed we were moving towards a model
  that didn=E2=80=99t happen in the end =E2=80=93 namely the [library linki=
ng proposal],
  I=E2=80=99d also like to add more languages to the mix but that could wai=
t).

  None of my projects do not start with ~brzo~ing these days and the
  hassle free build experience is exhilarating.

        Build systems often are =E2=80=9Ccomplex and confusing=E2=80=9D, but
        that=E2=80=99s largely because the problem space itself is complex
        and confusing. There=E2=80=99s no getting around that.

  Note however that this is largely /accidental/ complexity due to the
  fact that compilers work in idiosyncratic ways for what build systems
  need in order to do their incremental and parallelization business.

  They are still stuck in a world where people would invoke their
  compiler manually at the cli level or specify the invocations
  themselves in a `Makefile'.

  In fact if it were not for the actual tools and the (lack) of
  information they give us, build is in fact an excessively simple
  problem.

  More specific to OCaml, the compiler clis have an insane amount of
  quirks and the whole system greatly suffers from an underspecified
  linking model. Basically it was not a good idea to let that be defined
  by a third party tool, if only so that you can actually talk about
  libraries in error messages from the compiler.


[`brzo'] 

[library linking proposal] 


Orsetto: structured data interchange languages (release 1.1.2)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


james woodyatt announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Announcing the release to OPAM of [Orsetto 1.1.2], an update to a
  personal project of mine not sponsored by my employer. Licensed with
  BSD 2-Clause.

  *Q. What is Orsetto?*

  Aspires to do eventually for OCaml more or less what [Serde] has done
  for Rust, i.e. to be a curated and self-contained collection of
  structured data interchange languages with a cohesive and unified
  model of serialization and deserialization.

  Two interchange languages are currently supported: [JSON ] and [CBOR
  ].

  *Q. What is new in this release?*

  Mostly error corrections, particularly in the CBOR library, produced
  by improving test coverage.

  The change log for the release is here: [CHANGES.md ]

  Highlights:

  =E2=80=A2 Major improvements in test coverage.
  =E2=80=A2 Many corrections for logic errors.
  =E2=80=A2 A few minor usability improvements.

  Some things have not changed:

  =E2=80=A2 Still has no Programmer Guide or Tutorial, or really any
    introduction at all.
  =E2=80=A2 Still requires *ocamlfind* and builds with *omake*, which is
    currently not compatible with OCaml 5.0.
  =E2=80=A2 Still only supports JSON and CBOR.

  *Q. It looks incomplete. What are your plans for future development?*

  Yes, it=E2=80=99s a personal project, and yes, I=E2=80=99m aware there ar=
e no reverse
  dependencies on it currently in the public OPAM repository. Still, I=E2=
=80=99d
  welcome opportunities to collaborate with others who share my vision
  for the project. As long as it=E2=80=99s just me working on this, develop=
ment
  will continue to be somewhat slow, as I=E2=80=99m prone to over-engineer
  things I care about. I have a lot of projects, and this is the only
  open source one.

  =E2=80=A2 *Orsetto 1.0.3* is the previous release. It offered parsers and
     emitter combinators for JSON and CBOR for OCaml >=3D 4.06.1
     (including 4.13~alpha1). The quality of its JSON support is
     adequate, and it scores well on the >[nst/JSONTestSuite] tests. The
     quality of its CBOR support is provisional, >and not recommended.
  =E2=80=A2 *Orsetto 1.1.2* is the current release. It adds generalized and
     extensible structured data interchange models with specializations
     for producing emitters and parsers for JSON and CBOR. The quality
     of the CBOR support is much improved, and I=E2=80=99m using it with go=
od
     results in other projects. Supported on OCaml >=3D 4.08.
  =E2=80=A2 *Orsetto 1.2* is the next planned release. It will drop interfa=
ces
     marked `@caml.deprecated` in the 1.1 release. It will also drop
     support for OCaml < 4.10, and it will stop depending on
     **ocamlfind**. I hope to add a PPX for deriving parsers and
     emitters from OCaml data type definitions. I might also consider
     one or more new interchange languages=E2=80=94 suggestions are heartily
     encouraged.


[Orsetto 1.1.2] 

[Serde] 

[JSON ] 

[CBOR ] 

[CHANGES.md ] 

[nst/JSONTestSuite] 


Interest in a Http_sig library?
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kiran Gopinathan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Heyo all! I=E2=80=99ve been working on an activitypub server for a while =
now,
  and while it=E2=80=99s still not yet complete, recently I=E2=80=99ve reac=
hed a point
  where I realised that I=E2=80=99ve actually been sitting on some libraries
  that the community might benefit from, as the current ecosystem
  doesn=E2=80=99t seem to handle these things.

  One such component that seemed to be in a state that was suitable to
  split off from was a small helper module to implement a particular
  http signature scheme that seems to be rather common in the
  activitypub scene.

  In particular, the scheme I=E2=80=99m referring to is defined here:
  

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82                          Signing HTTP Messages
  =E2=94=82                     draft-cavage-http-signatures-12
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Abstract
  =E2=94=82    When communicating over the Internet using the HTTP protocol=
, it can
  =E2=94=82    be desirable for a server or client to authenticate the send=
er of a
  =E2=94=82    particular message.  It can also be desirable to ensure that=
 the
  =E2=94=82    message was not tampered with during transit.  This document
  =E2=94=82    describes a way for servers and clients to simultaneously add
  =E2=94=82    authentication and message integrity to HTTP messages by usi=
ng a
  =E2=94=82    digital signature.
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99ve written a small library that glues together some components =
in
  the OCaml ecosystem to somewhat handle the signing (I have been mainly
  working off an =E2=80=9Cimplement-enough-to-make-the-system-work=E2=80=9D=
 process
  rather than directly transcribing the specification above):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (** [verify ~signed_string ~signature key] returns true iff
  =E2=94=82    [signature] over [signed_string] is valid according to [key]=
. *)
  =E2=94=82 val verify: signed_string:string -> signature:string -> X509.Pu=
blic_key.t -> bool
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (** [verify_request ~resolve_public_key req] verifies that a dr=
eam
  =E2=94=82    request has been signed according to the HTTP signature sche=
me *)
  =E2=94=82 val verify_request:
  =E2=94=82   resolve_public_key:(string -> (X509.Public_key.t, 'a) Lwt_res=
ult.t) ->
  =E2=94=82   Dream.request -> (bool, 'a) result Lwt.t
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (** [build_signed_headers ~priv_key ~key_id ~headers ~body_str
  =E2=94=82    ~current_time ~method_ ~uri] returns a list of signed header=
s using
  =E2=94=82    [priv_key] according to the HTTP signature scheme. [key_id] =
should
  =E2=94=82    be a string that can be used to look up the public key assoc=
iated
  =E2=94=82    with [priv_key]. *)
  =E2=94=82 val build_signed_headers:
  =E2=94=82   priv_key:X509.Private_key.t ->
  =E2=94=82   key_id:string ->
  =E2=94=82   headers:string StringMap.t ->
  =E2=94=82   body_str:string ->
  =E2=94=82   current_time:Ptime.t -> method_:string -> uri:Uri.t -> (strin=
g * string) list
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The library is currently published at
   under the LGPL, but I
  haven=E2=80=99t released it on opam.

  Anyway, I was wondering if anyone else had interest in this kind of
  package, and whether it would be a good candidate for submission to
  opam - or if there are actually already existing libraries in the
  OCaml ecosystem that would actually already do this.


Outreachy summer =E2=80=9922 closing commemoration session on 23rd Sept
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thank you to everyone that could make it to the presentation today.
  The presentation is now live:
  
  :camel:

  In particular a massive congratulations and thank you to
  @moazzammoriani and @IIITM-Jay. Thank you also to @sudha for being the
  driving force behind making the presentation happen again this round!
  See you all for the next round!

  Aside: if anybody has any issues with the live video please do reach
  out here either publicly or privately, we gave prior warning of our
  intentions to record and put the video on watch.ocaml.org, but I
  appreciate some people joined a little later/might have some
  reservations etc.


findlib-1.9.6
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  findlib-1.9.6 is out, now supporting OCaml-5.00 (as far as we know
  it). There are also a few other install-related fixes in it.

  For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

  

  An updated OPAM package will follow soon.


Interesting OCaml Articles
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, alan said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  An interesting paper that uses OCaml is
   by
  Francois Pottier, which gives a declarative DSL for implementing type
  rules with applicative functors. It has an associated library,
  .


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Tarides Sponsors High School Hackers]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Tarides Sponsors High School Hackers]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I=E2=80=99ll=
 mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  [online].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[online] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 20 to 27, 2=
022.

    





    

    Esperanto, when OCaml meets Cosmopolitan
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-esperanto-when-oc=
aml-meets-cosmopolitan/10501/1

    

    


    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am delighted to present the first experimental release of Esperant=
o. This project is a new OCaml toolchain
that creates binaries compiled with the Cosmopolitan C library and linked with the =CE=B1c=CF=84=C2=B5=CE=B1lly
p=CE=B4r=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5 =CE=B5x=CE=B5c=C2=B5=CF=84=CE=B1bl=CE=B5 l=
ink script. The binary produced is then portable to different platforms:

    


    
3D"linux=
3D"w=
3D"msd=
3D"macos=
3D"f=
3D"ope=
3D"net=

    


    
The main objective of Esperanto is to provide a toolchain capable of produc=
ing a portable binary from an existing
project. This would allow to finally be able to distribute software for all=
 these platforms without having to:

    

      

    1. manage multiple platforms orthogonally, the Cosmopolitan C library offe=
rs you the POSIX API for all platforms (including Windows)
      2. 

    2. Produce several versions of the same software for each platform. Only t=
he binary is needed to run on all platforms
      3. 

    


    
Cosmopolitan does not however produce a binary with a multi-platform=
 assembler. At this stage, our distribution
only supports the x86_64 assembler (the most common one) but w=
e are working on the possibility to produce a binary
with different assemblers.

    


    
I would like to give special thanks to Justine, the author of the Cosmopoli=
tan project (to develop
redbean, a small portable HTTP server)=
 for her excellent work.

    

    


    

    A toolchain
    

    

    
In OCaml, the “toolchain” principle allows the existence of sev=
eral compilers within an OPAM switch and to choose
one of them when it comes to cross-compiling a project. This principle, eve=
n though it is not clearly defined and
even though its use remains very limited, exists through the `ocamlfind` to=
ol.

    


    
You can find these toolchains in your switch:

    

    

    $ ls $<=
span style=3D"color: #375cd8;">(opam var lib)/findlib.conf.d/
esperanto.conf solo5.conf

    

    


    
>>From our experience with Mirage as well as the work done in dune regarding cross-compilation, the choice to
propose a new toolchain in order to allow =
cross-compilation of projects with OPAM is both a historical choice but
also the most relevant one in our opinion [1].

    

    


      

    • Why we need to cross-compile?
      

      

      
The term cross-compilation can be misunderstood if we only consider the que=
stion of the assembler issued by the
compiler (does it match the host assembler or not). In our case, cross-comp=
ilation is a broader term that implies
the use of external artefacts to the compiler that are different from the d=
efault and the use of compiler options
that must be used throughout the production of the final binary.

      


      
In other words, even though we are emitting the same assembler, we are doin=
g so in a different “context” which
requires the definition of a new toolchain=
 which includes our artefacts and compiler options.

      


      
One of these artefacts is of course the C library used by the compiler whic=
h will then be systematically used by the
runtime caml, the well named libasmr=
un.a. This is why, for example, there is a version of OCaml with
musl. So there must be a version of =
OCaml with Cosmopolitan.

      


      
This new toolchain also allows you to incl=
ude the necessary options for compiling C files because, yes, you can
compile a C file with ocamlopt.

      


      
In order to provide a coherent workflow fo=
r a project, we need to provide not only a libasmrun.a compile=
d with
our Cosmopolitan C library but also an OCaml compiler capable of invoking t=
he C compiler with the right options
required by Cosmopolitan.

      


      
Finally, we also need to describe in this toolcha=
in how to link the object files together to actually produce a
portable binary using the APE script.

      

      

      • 


    • A simple example with this new toolchain
      

      

      
Installing Esperanto is very easy with OPAM. It will install the cross-comp=
iler and the necessary files so that
ocamlfind~/~dune can recognise this new toolchain:

      

      

      $ opam install esperanto

      

      


      
Finally, let’s try to produce a simple binary that displays “He=
llo World!”:

      

      

      $ cat &=
gt;main.ml <<EOF
let () =3D print_endlin=
e "Hello World!"
EOF
$ ocamlfind -toolchain opt main.ml
$ objcopy -S -O binary a.out
$ file a.out
a.out: DOS/MBR boot sector

      

      


      
The binary produced can already be executed. However, there are still some =
issues that have been fixed since then
but which are probably not yet integrated in your system. They concern zsh and binfmt_misc in particular.

      


      
The first problem with zsh is that it does not recognise the b=
inary correctly. This problem has been fixed in the
latest version of zsh.5.9.0.

      

      

      $ zsh --version
zsh 5.8.1
$ zsh
$ ./a.out
zsh: exec format error: ./a.out

      

      


      
The second problem concerns binfmt_misc which intervenes upstr=
eam at the execution of your programs in order to
choose how to execute them. In this case, binfmt_misc recognis=
es Cosmopolitan binaries as Windows software by
default.

      


      
Here too, a solution is available and described by the author of Cosmopolit=
an here: APE loader<=
/a>

      

      



      • 

    

    


    

    Issues
    

    

    
Apart from the outcomes described above, however, the Esperanto toolchain i=
s not complete. Indeed, the OCaml
distribution gives several libraries such as unix.cmxa and threads.cmxa. A little work has been done to make the
former available. The second one is however unavailable for the moment sinc=
e Cosmopolitan only partially implements
pthread.

    


    
However, it seems that the author of Cosmopolotian wants to implement the r=
est of the pthread API which will then
allow us to provide support for threads.cmxa and OCaml 5.

    


    
This of course makes support for the projects more limited than we imagined=
 (and that’s why this release is
experimental) however, an effort has already been made to lwt into Cosmopol=
itan’s hypothetical future support for
pthread.

    

    

    


    

    Future
    

    

    
As explained above, support for threads.cmxa and OCaml 5 remai=
ns the priority. however, an effort has already been
made to support Lwt via Cos=
mopolitan’s hypothetical future support for pthread.

    


    
However, it is possible that Cosmopolitan could become a target for the Mir=
ageOS project in the same way as Solo5
(or our recent experiment on Raspberry Pi 4).

    


    
In this sense, we will surely propose an integration in MirageOS so that pr=
ojects can both produce unikernels with
Solo5 or portable binaries with Cosmopolitan.

    


    
[1] However, the question remains open at several levels, that of the compi=
ler, that of OPAM and of course that of dune. It is clear that=
 the current situation is not the best in terms of what we need to do to pr=
oduce such a cross-compiler. Only the feedback from Solo5 (which requires c=
ross-compilation) allows us to say that it is surely the right choice for w=
hat we want to offer.

    

    

    


    

    Conclusion
    

    

    
We hope that this project will facilitate the distribution of software. You=
 can read a more technical article about
our work here.=
 Finally, I would like to thank robur.io =
(an association you can help) for a=
llowing me to do this project.

    


    
EDIT: The author of Cosmopolitan just released Cosmopolitan with pthread support. So we will definitely try to
improve our distribution to include OCaml with threads.cmxa su=
pport and move forward with OCaml 5!

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OBazl Toolsuite - tools for building OCaml with Bazel
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/obazl-toolsu=
ite-tools-for-building-ocaml-with-bazel/10021/15

    

    


    

    Deep into this thread, Yawar Amin asked and Gregg Rey=
nolds replied
    

    

    

    
Doesn=E2=80=99t dune get advertised as being able to handle multiple progra=
mming languages, including C/C++?

    

    


    
There’s really no comparison. Dune evidently can use the (C ABI) outp=
uts of a “foreign” build (if you write the glue
code needed to make this work) but there’s no real build integ=
ration, and no hermeticity guarantees.  Under Bazel
different languages use different rulesets but they’re all Bazel rule=
sets, so you get one dependency graph across
all languages, and if the rulesets are hermetic you get a hermetic build.  =
Without ABI restrictions. For example if
your build needs to run a Python (or Javascript, Ruby, whatever) tool, Baze=
l will build the tool and run it for you.

    


    
Even for C I think Bazel has much better integration.  The rules in rules_c=
c (e.g. cc_library producing a .a file)
deliver a CcInfo provider (a provider is a kind of struct whose fields cont=
ain the artifacts delivered by a build
action).  The rules in rules_ocaml (e.g. ocaml_module) understand CcInfo de=
pendencies and pass them around using
OcamlProvider (a provider specific to the ocaml rules). Bazel supports a me=
rge operation for CcInfo, and the ocaml
rules always merge their CcInfo deps and pass them on. So every build targe=
t delivers the merge of all its CcInfo
deps. The ocaml_binary rule that links its dependencies into an executable =
merges its CcInfo deps (which include
merged CcInfo from their deps, recursively) and ends up with a single CcInf=
o containing every cc dependency in the
dep graph, in the right order, with no duplicates. Then its simply a matter=
 of constructing the link command with
the appropriate –ccopt options. More succinctly: you can add a C dep=
 directly to the module that needs it, and
Bazel it pass it up the dependency chain, ensuring that it ends up on the c=
ommand line when needed - building
archives or executables.  You don’t need to add a C dep to an archive=
 target when only one of n modules in the
archive actually depends on it.

    


    
I’ve just started working on rules_jsoo, which I think will nicely de=
monstrate the virtues of Bazel integration.
The Bazel ecosystem includes a bunch of tools for working with Javascript; =
for example rules_js and rules_nodejs
make it easy to control which node toolchain version to use, integrate npm =
stuff, etc. Wouldn’t it be nice to be
able to use such tools directly, without writing a bunch of glue code?  Now=
 a key element of Bazel integration is
the use of providers.  Rules deliver providers, and since providers act as =
a kind of rudimentary type system, I can
use the JsInfo provider (defined by rules_js) to integrate rules_jsoo with =
the larger Bazel js ecoystem.  For
example, the jsoo_library rule takes the OcamlProvider provider delivered b=
y ocaml_module rules, which contains the
.cmo file.  So jsoo_library runs those .cmo files through the jsoo compiler=
 and delivers the resulting js files in a
JsInfo provider. That provider is suitable as input to the rules in rules_j=
s, which gives us seamless integration.
So we can use the js_binary rule of rules_js to run code produced by jsoo_l=
ibrary under node. All that’s needed is
to list the latter as a dependency of the former.  That’s the plan, a=
nyway. Isn’t that nice?

    

    

    



    

    Gregg Reynolds said and Daniel B=C3=BCnzli replied

    

    

    
Ideally somebody learning a new language should not need to spend any time =
(at first) dealing with a build language
too.

    

    


    
This doesn’t only apply to learning. It also applies to prototyping, =
hypothesis generation and testing.

    


    
That’s the reason why I built brzo which I hope I’ll be able to release at
some point (still needs a good design review and changes to the OCaml strat=
egy since it assumed we were moving
towards a model that didn’t happen in the end =E2=80=93 namely the library linking
proposal, I’d also like to add more languages to the mix but that=
 could
wait).

    


    
None of my projects do not start with ~brzo~ing these days and the hassle f=
ree build experience is exhilarating.

    


    

    
Build systems often are =E2=80=9Ccomplex and confusing=E2=80=9D, but that=
=E2=80=99s largely because the problem space itself is complex and
confusing. There=E2=80=99s no getting around that.

    

    


    
Note however that this is largely accidental complexity due to the f=
act that compilers work in idiosyncratic ways
for what build systems need in order to do their incremental and paralleliz=
ation business.

    


    
They are still stuck in a world where people would invoke their compiler ma=
nually at the cli level or specify the
invocations themselves in a Makefile.

    


    
In fact if it were not for the actual tools and the (lack) of information t=
hey give us, build is in fact an
excessively simple problem.

    


    
More specific to OCaml, the compiler clis have an insane amount of quirks a=
nd the whole system greatly suffers from
an underspecified linking model. Basically it was not a good idea to let th=
at be defined by a third party tool, if
only so that you can actually talk about libraries in error messages from t=
he compiler.

    

    

    

    





    

    Orsetto: structured data interchange languages (release 1.1.2)=

    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-orsetto-structured-data-interchange-languages-release-1-1-2/10506/1

    

    


    

    james woodyatt announced
    

    

    
Announcing the release to OPAM of Orsetto 1.1.2, an update to a personal
project of mine not sponsored by my employer. Licensed with BSD 2-Clause.

    


    
Q. What is Orsetto?

    


    
Aspires to do eventually for OCaml more or less what Serde has done for Rust, i.e. to be a
curated and self-contained collection of structured data interchange langua=
ges with a cohesive and unified model of
serialization and deserialization.

    


    
Two interchange languages are currently supported: JSON  and CBOR .

    


    
Q. What is new in this release?

    


    
Mostly error corrections, particularly in the CBOR library, produced by imp=
roving test coverage.

    


    
The change log for the release is here: CHANGES.md 

    


    
Highlights:

    


      

    • Major improvements in test coverage.
      • 

    • Many corrections for logic errors.
      • 

    • A few minor usability improvements.
      • 

    


    
Some things have not changed:

    


      

    • Still has no Programmer Guide or Tutorial, or really any introduction a=
t all.
      • 

    • Still requires ocamlfind and builds with omake, which is =
currently not compatible with OCaml 5.0.
      • 

    • Still only supports JSON and CBOR.
      • 

    


    
Q. It looks incomplete. What are your plans for future development?

    


    
Yes, it=E2=80=99s a personal project, and yes, I’m aware there are no=
 reverse dependencies on it currently in the public
OPAM repository. Still, I=E2=80=99d welcome opportunities to collaborate wi=
th others who share my vision for the project. As
long as it=E2=80=99s just me working on this, development will continue to =
be somewhat slow, as I’m prone to over-engineer
things I care about. I have a lot of projects, and this is the only open so=
urce one.

    


      

    • Orsetto 1.0.3 is the previous release. It offered parsers and em=
itter combinators for JSON and CBOR for OCaml >=3D 4.06.1 (including 4.1=
3~alpha1). The quality of its JSON support is adequate, and it scores well =
on the >nst/JSONTestSui=
te tests. The quality of its CBOR support is provisional, >and not r=
ecommended.
      • 

    • Orsetto 1.1.2 is the current release. It adds generalized and ex=
tensible structured data interchange models with specializations for produc=
ing emitters and parsers for JSON and CBOR. The quality of the CBOR support=
 is much improved, and I’m using it with good results in other projec=
ts. Supported on OCaml >=3D 4.08.
      • 

    • Orsetto 1.2 is the next planned release. It will drop interfaces=
 marked `@caml.deprecated` in the 1.1 release. It will also drop support fo=
r OCaml < 4.10, and it will stop depending on ocamlfind. I=
 hope to add a PPX for deriving parsers and emitters from OCaml data type d=
efinitions. I might also consider one or more new interchange languages=E2=
=80=94 suggestions are heartily encouraged.
      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    Interest in a Http_sig library?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interest-in-a-http-sig-library/105=
18/1

    

    


    

    Kiran Gopinathan announced
    

    

    
Heyo all! I’ve been working on an activitypub server for a while now,=
 and while it’s still not yet complete,
recently I’ve reached a point where I realised that I’ve actual=
ly been sitting on some libraries that the community
might benefit from, as the current ecosystem doesn’t seem to handle t=
hese things.

    


    
One such component that seemed to be in a state that was suitable to split =
off from was a small helper module to
implement a particular http signature scheme that seems to be rather common=
 in the activitypub scene.

    


    
In particular, the scheme I’m referring to is defined here:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-cavage-http-signatures-1=
2

    


                             Signing HTTP Messages
                    draft-cavage-http-signatures-12

Abstract
   When communicating over the Internet using the HTTP protocol, it can
   be desirable for a server or client to authenticate the sender of a
   particular message.  It can also be desirable to ensure that the
   message was not tampered with during transit.  This document
   describes a way for servers and clients to simultaneously add
   authentication and message integrity to HTTP messages by using a
   digital signature.

    


    
I’ve written a small library that glues together some components in t=
he OCaml ecosystem to somewhat handle the
signing (I have been mainly working off an “implement-enough-to-make-=
the-system-work” process rather than directly
transcribing the specification above):

    


    

    (** [verify ~signed_str=
ing ~signature key] returns true iff
   [signature] over [signed_string] is valid ac=
cording to [key]. *)
val verify: signed_=
string:string -> signature=
:string -> X509.Public_key.t ->=
; bool

(** [verify_request ~resolve_public_key req] verifies that a dream
   request has been sig=
ned according to the HTTP signature scheme *)
val verify_request:
  resolve_public_key:(string -> (=
X509.Public_key.t, 'a) Lwt_result.t) ->
  Dream.request -> (bool, 'a) res=
ult Lwt.t

(** [build_signed_headers ~priv_key ~key_id ~header=
s ~body_str
   ~current_time ~method_ ~uri] returns a list of signed he=
aders using
   [priv_key] according to the HTT=
P signature scheme. [key_id] should
   be a string that can=
 be used to look up the public key associated
   with [priv_key]. *)
val build_signed_headers:
  priv_key:X509.Private_key.t ->
  key_id:string ->
  headers:string StringMap.t ->
  body_str:string ->
  current_time:Ptime.t -> method_:string -> uri:Uri.t -> (string * string) list

    

    


    
The library is currently published at https://github.com/Gopiandcode/http_sig_ocaml unde=
r the LGPL, but I haven’t
released it on opam.

    


    
Anyway, I was wondering if anyone else had interest in this kind of package=
, and whether it would be a good
candidate for submission to opam - or if there are actually already existin=
g libraries in the OCaml ecosystem that
would actually already do this.

    

    

    

    





    

    Outreachy summer ’22 closing commemoration session on 23=
rd Sept
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ou=
treachy-summer-22-closing-commemoration-session-on-23rd-sept/10450/5

    

    


    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
Thank you to everyone that could make it to the presentation today. The pre=
sentation is now live:
https://watch.ocaml.org/videos/watch/dc5bbf5b-3dd9-4c8d-b26a-71e=
730a67788 :camel:

    


    
In particular a massive congratulations and thank you to @moazzammoriani an=
d @IIITM-Jay. Thank you also to @sudha
for being the driving force behind making the presentation happen again thi=
s round! See you all for the next round!

    


    
Aside: if anybody has any issues with the live video please do reach out he=
re either publicly or privately, we gave
prior warning of our intentions to record and put the video on watch.ocaml.=
org, but I appreciate some people joined
a little later/might have some reservations etc.

    

    

    

    





    

    findlib-1.9.6
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2022-09/msg00007.html=


    

    


    

    Gerd Stolpmann announced
    

    

    
findlib-1.9.6 is out, now supporting OCaml-5.00 (as far as we know it).
There are also a few other install-related fixes in it.

    


    
For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

    


    
http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html

    


    
An updated OPAM package will follow soon.

    

    

    

    





    

    Interesting OCaml Articles
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interesting-ocaml-articles/1867/100

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, alan said
    

    

    
An interesting paper that uses OCaml is http://gallium.inria.fr/~fpottie=
r/publis/fpottier-elaboration.pdf by
Francois Pottier, which gives a declarative DSL for implementing type rules=
 with applicative functors. It has an
associated library, ht=
tps://opam.ocaml.org/packages/inferno/.

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I’ll mail it to you, or go take=
 a look at the archive or=
 the RSS feed of the a=
rchives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe online.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 12 to 19,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

dune 3.14
Announcing OCaml Manila Meetups
Outreachy internship demo session
OCaml 4.14.2 released
Docfd 3.0.0: TUI multiline fuzzy document finder
Shape with us the New OCaml.org Community Area!
Opam-repository: Updated documentation, retirement and call for maintainers
DkCoder 0.1.0
A Versatile OCaml Library for Git Interaction - Seeking Community Feedback
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


dune 3.14
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Marek Kubica announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're happy to announce that Dune 3.14.2 is now available.

  Note that due to a regression that was detected before publishing to
  opam version `3.14.1' should not be used. The fix for the regression
  is part of this release.

  This feature brings some small bugfixes around the handling of Coq as
  well as solves an issue where Dune is running on Windows in a path
  that contains Unicode characters. This affected e.g. users with
  diacritics or non-latin script in their name when running Dune within
  their home directory.

  =E2=80=A2 When a directory is changed to a file, correctly remove it in
    subsequent `dune build' runs. (#9327, fix #6575, @emillon)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix a problem with the doc-new target where transitive dependen=
cies
    were missed during compile. This leads to missing expansions in the
    output docs.  (#9955, @jonludlam)
  =E2=80=A2 coq: fix performance regression in coqdep unescaping (#10115, f=
ixes
    #10088, @ejgallego, thanks to Dan Christensen for the report)
  =E2=80=A2 coq: memoize coqdep parsing, this will reduce build times for C=
oq
    users, in particular for those with many .v files (#10116,
    @ejgallego, see also #10088)
  =E2=80=A2 on Windows, use an unicode-aware version of `CreateProcess' to =
avoid
    crashes when paths contains non-ascii characters. (#10212, fixes
    #10180, @emillon)
  =E2=80=A2 fix compilation on non-glibc systems due to `signal.h' not being
    pulled in spawn stubs. (#10256, @emillon)


Announcing OCaml Manila Meetups
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm thrilled to announce the OCaml Manila Meetup!

  Seeing that OCaml doesn't seem to have reached the Philippines just
  yet (I wasn't able to find existing OCaml or FP communities), the goal
  is to build one, starting small, with a few people meeting every month
  in a coffee to hack on fun projects, and letting it grow organically.

  The inaugural event is scheduled for the 4th of April:
  

  If you're living in Manila, or if you know anyone who would be
  interested in joining, please don't hesitate to reach out!

  I would also greatly appreciate retweets if you happen to be on
  Twitter: 

  Happy hacking!


Outreachy internship demo session
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The recording from the demo session is now live on watch.ocaml.org
  :camel:

  


OCaml 4.14.2 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We have the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Grace Chisholm
  Young by announcing the release of OCaml version 4.14.2.

  This release is a collection of safe bug fixes, cherry-picked from the
  OCaml 5 branch.  If you are still using OCaml 4.14 and cannot yet
  upgrade to OCaml 5, this release is for you.

  The 4.14 branch is expected to receive updates for at least one year,
  while the OCaml 5 branch is stabilising.

  Thus don't hesitate to report any bugs on the OCaml issue tracker (at
  ).

  See the list of changes below for more details.


Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 4.14.2
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the release candidate is also directly available
  on:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [Inria archive]


[GitHub] 

[Inria archive]



Changes since OCaml 4.14.1
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Runtime system:

  =E2=80=A2 [#11764], [#12577]: Add prototypes to old-style C function
    definitions and declarations. (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Xavier
    Leroy and Nick Barnes)
  =E2=80=A2 [#11763], [#11759], [#11861], [#12509], [#12577]: Use strict
    prototypes on primitives. (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Xavier Leroy,
    David Allsopp, S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and Nick Barnes)
  =E2=80=A2 (*breaking change*) [#10723]: do not use `-flat-namespace' link=
ing
    for macOS.  (Carlo Cabrera, review by Damien Doligez)
  =E2=80=A2 [#11332], [#12702]: make sure `Bool_val(v)' has type `bool' in =
C++
    (Xavier Leroy, report by ygrek, review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#11764] 

  [#12577] 

  [#11763] 

  [#11759] 

  [#11861] 

  [#12509] 

  [#10723] 

  [#11332] 

  [#12702] 


Build system:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [#11590]: Allow installing to a destination path containing spa=
ces.
    (=C3=89lie Brami, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and David Allsopp)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12372]: Pass option -no-execute-only to the linker for OpenBS=
D >=3D
    7.3 so that code sections remain readable, as needed for closure
    marshaling.  (Xavier Leroy and Anil Madhavapeddy, review by Anil
    Madhavapeddy and S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12903]: Disable control flow integrity on OpenBSD >=3D 7.4 to=
 avoid
    illegal instruction errors on certain CPUs.  (Michael Hendricks,
    review by Miod Vallat)


[#11590] 

[#12372] 

[#12903] 


Bug fixes:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [#12061], [#12063]: don't add inconsistent equalities when comp=
uting
    high-level error messages for functor applications and
    inclusions. (Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12878]: fix incorrect treatment of injectivity for private
    recursive types.  (Jeremy Yallop, review by Gabriel Scherer and
    Jacques Garrigue)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12971], [#12974]: fix an uncaught Ctype.Escape exception on s=
ome
    invalid programs forming recursive types. (Gabriel Scherer, review
    by Florian Angeletti, report by Neven Villani)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12264], [#12289]: Fix compact_allocate to avoid a pathological
    case that causes very slow compaction. (Damien Doligez, report by
    Arseniy Alekseyev, review by Sadiq Jaffer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12513], [#12518]: Automatically enable emulated `fma' for Vis=
ual
    Studio 2019+ to allow configuration with either
    pre-Haswell/pre-Piledriver CPUs or running in VirtualBox. Restores
    parity with the other Windows ports, which don't require explicit
    `--enable-imprecise-c99-float-ops'. (David Allsopp, report by Jonah
    Beckford and Kate Deplaix, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#11633], [#11636]: bugfix in caml_unregister_frametable (Fr=C3=
=A9d=C3=A9ric
    Recoules, review by Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12636], [#12646]: More prudent reinitialization of I/O mutexes
    after a fork() (Xavier Leroy, report by Zach Baylin, review by
    Enguerrand Decorne)
  =E2=80=A2 (*breaking change*) [#10845] Emit frametable size on amd64 BSD
    (OpenBSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD) systems (emitted for Linux in [#8805])
    (Hannes Mehnert, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12958]: Fix tail-modulo-cons compilation of try-with, && and =
||
    expressions.  (Gabriel Scherer and Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, report =
by
    Sylvain Boilard, review by Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#12116], [#12993]: explicitly build non PIE executables on x86
    32bits architectures (Florian Angeletti, review by David Allsopp)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13018]: Don't pass duplicate libraries to the linker when
    compiling ocamlc.opt and when using systhreads (new versions of lld
    emit a warning).  (David Allsopp, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)


[#12061] 

[#12063] 

[#12878] 

[#12971] 

[#12974] 

[#12264] 

[#12289] 

[#12513] 

[#12518] 

[#11633] 

[#11636] 

[#12636] 

[#12646] 

[#10845] 

[#8805] 

[#12958] 

[#12116] 

[#12993] 

[#13018] 


Docfd 3.0.0: TUI multiline fuzzy document finder
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Darren announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi all, I am happy to announce Docfd 3.0.0, which adds a
  non-interactive search mode and support of DOCXs and other file
  formats via `pandoc', as well as many polishes.

  [Repo]

  Think interactive grep for text files, PDFs, DOCXs, etc, but
  word/token based instead of regex and line based, so you can search
  across lines easily.

  Docfd aims to provide good UX via integration with common text editors
  and PDF viewers, so you can jump directly to a search result with a
  single key press.


[Repo] 

Demos
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Navigating repo:

  

  Quick search with non-interactive mode:

  

  PDF navigation:

  


Shape with us the New OCaml.org Community Area!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Claire Vandenberghe announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m reaching out to request a few minutes of your time to review =
the
  wireframe for the OCaml community area. Following user interviews with
  those unfamiliar with OCaml, we gathered insights on what would be
  helpful for you landing on the community page.

  As a result, we=E2=80=99re restructuring aspects of the pages and content=
 on
  the landing page. This is a wireframe, so the focus is on checking the
  navigation, layout, and content, not the User Interface (UI).

  Your feedback are needed at this stage, and please feel free to leave
  comments directly on Figma, via email, or let=E2=80=99s schedule a quick
  call. Thank you for participating in this review. Have a great day and
  week ahead.

  Link:
  

  Page: =E2=80=9CWireframe=E2=80=9D


Opam-repository: Updated documentation, retirement and call for maintainers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  After having been maintainer of opam-repository for the past 6 and
  half years, I'm publicly announcing my retirement from it, to focus on
  opam itself. This change has been more or less already in effect since
  September last year (following a burnout) and I have since been
  working on writing enough documentation so that my move away from
  opam-repository can be as smooth as possible.

  This documentation is now live in:
  =E2=80=A2 [CONTRIBUTING.md]: documentation at destination of package
    maintainers. This document has been rewritten in hopes of being more
    helpful for beginner and well as experimented publishers.
  =E2=80=A2 the [opam-repository wiki], which now also includes:
    =E2=80=A3 a [FAQ]
    =E2=80=A3 [informations about the infrastructure]
    =E2=80=A3 a [governance / points of contacts] document
    =E2=80=A3 a helper on [How To deal with CI]
    =E2=80=A3 a list of all the [current policies] i could think of, as wel=
l as
      their reasoning and exceptions. These policies were previously
      mostly passed down orally, most of them have been in place since
      the very beginning
    =E2=80=A3 several documents at destination of current opam-repository
      maintainers and opam-repository maintainers in training, all
      freely accessible for the curious eyes (although rereading them
      now, i will admit those documents are not my finest work, as they
      were the first ones i wrote in the past 6 months =F0=9F=99=88)

  Any improvements to these documents are also welcome. To contribute
  simply open a PR on opam-repository, or a ticket on the
  [opam-repository bugtracker] to contribute to the wiki.

  Hopefully, all these documents are a solid enough base so that they
  get updated as time goes on, by current and future opam-repository
  maintainers.

  I'm also writing this post to call for said future opam-repository
  maintainers: if you want to become a maintainer, feel free to contact
  @mseri and @raphael-proust. I do recommend the experience of working
  with them on opam-repository =F0=9F=98=8A


[CONTRIBUTING.md]


[opam-repository wiki] 

[FAQ] 

[informations about the infrastructure]


[governance / points of contacts]


[How To deal with CI]


[current policies]


[opam-repository bugtracker]



DkCoder 0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I wrote an article [DkCoder: Intro to Scripting] that describes a very
  early cut of OCaml-ified scripting:

        Hello Builder! Scripting is a small, free and important
        piece of DkSDK. Walk with me as we use the DkSDK tool
        "*DkCoder*" to write little scripts that become
        full-fledged programs. My hope is that /within minutes/
        you feel like your dev experience is as productive as in
        Python, but enhanced so you:

        1. have nothing to install except Git and optionally
           Visual Studio Code
        2. have safe and understandable code ("static typing")


  DkCoder is a transparently installed OCaml 4.14 environment with one
  API: run a script. It shouldn't be confused with conventional OCaml
  distributions, although underneath DkCoder has the conventional
  bytecode binaries=C2=B9, and `dune' and `ocamllsp'.

  No C compiler, Cygwin/MSYS2, Homebrew or MacPorts are needed. Please
  skim the article for the exact Windows/macOS/Linux requirements.

  It grew out of two things:
  1. My frustrations sharing scripts with others. It was easy for
     inter-dependencies between scripts to break POSIX shell scripts
     (the basis of the DkML installer) and CMake scripts (most of my
     tools).
  2. My need to have a good delivery vehicle for my own software.

  Please don't do anything major with DkCoder yet. In fact, if you think
  you'll be using DkCoder for your own scripts or your own software,
  please send me a message so I can prioritize/deprioritize.

  I'd like to thank @octachron for the [codept analyzer]. It is lightly
  used now but as hinted in the Security section of the article it will
  become much more important. And also thanks to the projects that have
  fixed their newly discovered bytecode-only bugs over the past two
  months.

  =C2=B9: Actually, I bundle a new binary called `ocamlrunx' which is a
  DT_NEEDED/LC_LOAD_DYLIB re-linking of `ocamlrun' against all the C
  libraries (`ffi', `SDL2*' and their deps today) to get macOS and Linux
  bytecode working.


[DkCoder: Intro to Scripting]


[codept analyzer] 


A Versatile OCaml Library for Git Interaction - Seeking Community Feedback
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Mathieu Barbin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've recently pushed updates to the [vcs] public repo with most of the
  contents of my early draft.  For those interested in early
  experimentation, I've created a release on my custom opam-repository.

  The interface is still very a work in progress, but you can already
  see how the pieces fit together. In particular, the [provider]
  component, which is crucial for the dynamic dispatch implementation of
  `vcs', is now available on opam. The `vcs' project serves as a good
  real-world example of the capabilities this provides.

  Please feel free to open issues on GitHub with general feedback,
  requests, or to start a discussion.

  @kopecs, I don't have a precise timeline for an initial publication on
  opam yet. I've created this [milestone] if you'd like to follow the
  progress or leave a comment. Thank you for your interest!

  @paurkedal: Your setup has been a great source of inspiration for me,
  and I've found it incredibly helpful. Thank you so much!

  @samoht: I chose the approach that felt most comfortable for this
  particular project, but I greatly appreciate your input. I'll
  definitely keep your suggestions in mind for future projects. Thanks!


[vcs] 

[provider] 

[milestone] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [My experience at IndiaFOSS 2023: Community, Workshop, and Talk=
s]
  =E2=80=A2 [Lean 4: When Sound Programs become a Choice]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[My experience at IndiaFOSS 2023: Community, Workshop, and Talks]


[Lean 4: When Sound Programs become a Choice]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 12 to 19, 2024.

    



    

    dune 3.14
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-14/14096/7

    

    

    

    Marek Kubica announced
    

    

    
We're happy to announce that Dune 3.14.2 is now available.

    


    
Note that due to a regression that was detected before publishing to opam v=
ersion 3.14.1 should not be used. The fix for the
regression is part of this release.

    


    
This feature brings some small bugfixes around the handling of Coq as well =
as solves an issue where Dune is running on Windows in a
path that contains Unicode characters. This affected e.g. users with diacri=
tics or non-latin script in their name when running Dune
within their home directory.

    


      

    • When a directory is changed to a file, correctly remove it in subsequent
dune build runs. (#9327, fix #6575, @emillon)
      • 

    • Fix a problem with the doc-new target where transitive dependencies were
missed during compile. This leads to missing expansions in the output docs.
(#9955, @jonludlam)
      • 

    • coq: fix performance regression in coqdep unescaping (#10115, fixes #10=
088,
@ejgallego, thanks to Dan Christensen for the report)
      • 

    • coq: memoize coqdep parsing, this will reduce build times for Coq users=
, in
particular for those with many .v files (#10116, @ejgallego, see also #1008=
8)
      • 

    • on Windows, use an unicode-aware version of CreateProcess =
to avoid crashes
when paths contains non-ascii characters. (#10212, fixes #10180, @emillon)<=
/li>

    • fix compilation on non-glibc systems due to signal.h not b=
eing pulled in
spawn stubs. (#10256, @emillon)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Announcing OCaml Manila Meetups
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/announcing-ocaml-manila-meetups/1=
4300/1

    

    

    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
I'm thrilled to announce the OCaml Manila Meetup!

    


    
Seeing that OCaml doesn't seem to have reached the Philippines just yet (I =
wasn't able to find existing OCaml or FP communities), the
goal is to build one, starting small, with a few people meeting every month=
 in a coffee to hack on fun projects, and letting it grow
organically.

    


    
The inaugural event is scheduled for the 4th of April: https://www.meetup.com/ocaml-=
manila/events/299786391/

    


    
If you're living in Manila, or if you know anyone who would be interested i=
n joining, please don't hesitate to reach out!

    


    
I would also greatly appreciate retweets if you happen to be on Twitter: https://t=
witter.com/tmattio_/status/1768169167004577997

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy internship demo session
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-internship-demo-sessi=
on/14247/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
The recording from the demo session is now live on watch.ocaml.org :camel:=
=20

    


    
https://watch.=
ocaml.org/w/b7sv1LQSVZQH6trf4xpwFX

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml 4.14.2 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-4-14-2-released/14308/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
We have the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Grace Chisholm Young by=
 announcing the release of OCaml version 4.14.2.

    


    
This release is a collection of safe bug fixes, cherry-picked from the OCam=
l 5 branch.
If you are still using OCaml 4.14 and cannot yet upgrade to OCaml 5, this r=
elease is for you.

    


    
The 4.14 branch is expected to receive updates for at least one year, while=
 the OCaml 5 branch is stabilising.

    


    
Thus don't hesitate to report any bugs on the OCaml issue tracker (at https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml=
/issues).

    


    
See the list of changes below for more details.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 4.14.2

    


    
The source code for the release candidate is also directly available on:

    



    

    

    

    Changes since OCaml 4.14.1
    

    

    

      

    • Runtime system:
      

      

        

      • #11764, #12577: Add protot=
ypes to old-style C function definitions and declarations. (Antonin D=C3=A9=
cimo, review by Xavier Leroy and Nick Barnes)
        • 

      • #11763, #11759, #11861, #12509, #12577: Use strict prototypes on primit=
ives. (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Xavier Leroy, David Allsopp, S=C3=A9b=
astien Hinderer and Nick Barnes)
        • 

      • (breaking change) #10723: do not use -flat-namespace linking for m=
acOS.
(Carlo Cabrera, review by Damien Doligez)
        • 

      • #11332, #12702: make sure =
Bool_val(v) has type bool in C++ (Xavier Leroy, r=
eport by ygrek, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Build system:
    

    

      

    • #11590: All=
ow installing to a destination path containing spaces.
(=C3=89lie Brami, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and David Allsopp)
      • 

    • #12372: Pas=
s option -no-execute-only to the linker for OpenBSD >=3D 7.3
so that code sections remain readable, as needed for closure marshaling.
(Xavier Leroy and Anil Madhavapeddy, review by Anil Madhavapeddy and
S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer)
      • 

    • #12903: Dis=
able control flow integrity on OpenBSD >=3D 7.4 to avoid
illegal instruction errors on certain CPUs.
(Michael Hendricks, review by Miod Vallat)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Bug fixes:
    

    

      

    • #12061, #12063: don't add =
inconsistent equalities when computing high-level error messages for functo=
r applications and inclusions. (Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Schere=
r)
      • 

    • #12878: fix=
 incorrect treatment of injectivity for private recursive types.
(Jeremy Yallop, review by Gabriel Scherer and Jacques Garrigue)
      • 

    • #12971, #12974: fix an unc=
aught Ctype.Escape exception on some invalid programs forming recursive typ=
es. (Gabriel Scherer, review by Florian Angeletti, report by Neven Villani)=

      • 

    • #12264, #12289: Fix compac=
t_allocate to avoid a pathological case that causes very slow compaction. (=
Damien Doligez, report by Arseniy Alekseyev, review by Sadiq Jaffer)
      • 

    • #12513, #12518: Automatica=
lly enable emulated fma for Visual Studio 2019+ to allow confi=
guration with either pre-Haswell/pre-Piledriver CPUs or running in VirtualB=
ox. Restores parity with the other Windows ports, which don't require expli=
cit --enable-imprecise-c99-float-ops. (David Allsopp, report b=
y Jonah Beckford and Kate Deplaix, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer)
      • 

    • #11633, #11636: bugfix in =
caml_unregister_frametable (Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Recoules, review by Gabriel =
Scherer)
      • 

    • #12636, #12646: More prude=
nt reinitialization of I/O mutexes after a fork() (Xavier Leroy, report by =
Zach Baylin, review by Enguerrand Decorne)
      • 

    • (breaking change) #10845 Emit frametable size on amd64 BSD (OpenBSD, FreeBSD, N=
etBSD) systems (emitted for Linux in #8805) (Hannes Mehnert, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=
=C3=A4r)
      • 

    • #12958: Fix=
 tail-modulo-cons compilation of try-with, && and ||
expressions.
(Gabriel Scherer and Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, report by Sylvain Boilard=
, review by
Gabriel Scherer)
      • 

    • #12116, #12993: explicitly=
 build non PIE executables on x86 32bits architectures (Florian Angeletti, =
review by David Allsopp)
      • 

    • #13018: Don=
't pass duplicate libraries to the linker when compiling ocamlc.opt
and when using systhreads (new versions of lld emit a warning).
(David Allsopp, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Docfd 3.0.0: TUI multiline fuzzy document finder
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-docfd-3-0=
-0-tui-multiline-fuzzy-document-finder/14314/1

    

    

    

    Darren announced
    

    

    
Hi all, I am happy to announce Docfd 3.0.0, which adds a non-interactive se=
arch mode and support of DOCXs and other file formats via
pandoc, as well as many polishes.

    


    
Repo

    


    
Think interactive grep for text files, PDFs, DOCXs, etc, but word/token bas=
ed instead of regex and line based, so you can search
across lines easily.

    


    
Docfd aims to provide good UX via integration with common text editors and =
PDF viewers, so you can jump directly to a search result
with a single key press.

    

    

    

    Demos
    

    

    
Navigating repo:

    



    

    3D"repo.gif"

    

    


    
Quick search with non-interactive mode:

    



    

    3D"repo-non-interactive.gif"

    

    


    
PDF navigation:

    



    

    3D"pdf-viewer-integration.jpg"

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Shape with us the New OCaml.org Community Area!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/shape-with-us-the-=
new-ocaml-org-community-area/14322/1

    

    

    

    Claire Vandenberghe announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m reaching out to request a few minutes of your time to review th=
e wireframe for the OCaml community area. Following user
interviews with those unfamiliar with OCaml, we gathered insights on what w=
ould be helpful for you landing on the community page.

    


    
As a result, we=E2=80=99re restructuring aspects of the pages and content o=
n the landing page. This is a wireframe, so the focus is on
checking the navigation, layout, and content, not the User Interface (UI).

    


    
Your feedback are needed at this stage, and please feel free to leave comme=
nts directly on Figma, via email, or let=E2=80=99s schedule a
quick call. Thank you for participating in this review. Have a great day an=
d week ahead.

    


    
Link:
https://www.figma.com/file/7hmoWkQP9PgLTfZCqiZMWa/OCaml-Co=
mmunity-Pages?type=3Ddesign&node-id=3D152%3A386&mode=3Ddesign&t=
=3DjzXnvmUyoQth2558-1

    


    
Page: =E2=80=9CWireframe=E2=80=9D

    

    

    

    

    

    Opam-repository: Updated documentation, retirement and call fo=
r maintainers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/opam-repository-updated-documentation-retirement-and-call-for-main=
tainers/14325/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
After having been maintainer of opam-repository for the past 6 and half yea=
rs, I'm publicly announcing my retirement from it, to
focus on opam itself. This change has been more or less already in effect s=
ince September last year (following a burnout) and I have
since been working on writing enough documentation so that my move away fro=
m opam-repository can be as smooth as possible.

    


    
This documentation is now live in:

    

      

    • CONTRIBUTING.md: documentation at destination of package main=
tainers. This document has been rewritten in hopes of being more helpful fo=
r beginner and well as experimented publishers.
      • 

    • the opam-repo=
sitory wiki, which now also includes:

        

      • a FAQ=

        • 

      • informations about the infrastructure
        • 

      • a =
governance / points of contacts document
        • 

      • a helper on How To deal with CI
        • 

      • a list of all the current policies i could think of, as well as their reaso=
ning and exceptions. These policies were previously mostly passed down oral=
ly, most of them have been in place since the very beginning
        • 

      • several documents at destination of current opam-repository maintainers=
 and opam-repository maintainers in training, all freely accessible for the=
 curious eyes (although rereading them now, i will admit those documents ar=
e not my finest work, as they were the first ones i wrote in the past 6 mon=
ths =F0=9F=99=88)
        • 

      • 

    


    
Any improvements to these documents are also welcome. To contribute simply =
open a PR on opam-repository, or a ticket on the
opam-repository=
 bugtracker to contribute to the wiki.

    


    
Hopefully, all these documents are a solid enough base so that they get upd=
ated as time goes on, by current and future
opam-repository maintainers.

    


    
I'm also writing this post to call for said future opam-repository maintain=
ers: if you want to become a maintainer, feel free to
contact @mseri and @raphael-proust. I do recommend the experience of workin=
g with them on opam-repository =F0=9F=98=8A

    

    

    

    

    

    DkCoder 0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dkcoder-0-1-0/14327/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I wrote an article DkCoder: Intro to Scripting that describes a very early cut of=
 OCaml-ified scripting:

    


    

    
Hello Builder! Scripting is a small, free and important piece of DkSDK. Wal=
k with me as we use the DkSDK tool "DkCoder" to
write little scripts that become full-fledged programs. My hope is that =
within minutes you feel like your dev experience is as
productive as in Python, but enhanced so you:

    


      

    1. have nothing to install except Git and optionally Visual Studio Code

    2. have safe and understandable code ("static typing")
      3. 

    

    



    
DkCoder is a transparently installed OCaml 4.14 environment with one API: r=
un a script. It shouldn't be confused with conventional
OCaml distributions, although underneath DkCoder has the conventional bytec=
ode binaries=C2=B9, and dune and ocamllsp.

    


    
No C compiler, Cygwin/MSYS2, Homebrew or MacPorts are needed. Please skim t=
he article for the exact Windows/macOS/Linux requirements.

    


    
It grew out of two things:

    

      

    1. My frustrations sharing scripts with others. It was easy for inter-depe=
ndencies between scripts to break POSIX shell scripts (the basis of the DkM=
L installer) and CMake scripts (most of my tools).
      2. 

    2. My need to have a good delivery vehicle for my own software.
      3. 

    


    
Please don't do anything major with DkCoder yet. In fact, if you think you'=
ll be using DkCoder for your own scripts or your own
software, please send me a message so I can prioritize/deprioritize.

    


    
I'd like to thank @octachron for the codept analyzer. It is lightly used now but as hinted in
the Security section of the article it will become much more important. And=
 also thanks to the projects that have fixed their newly
discovered bytecode-only bugs over the past two months.

    


    
=C2=B9: Actually, I bundle a new binary called ocamlrunx which=
 is a DT_NEEDED/LC_LOAD_DYLIB re-linking of ocamlrun against
all the C libraries (ffi, SDL2* and their deps to=
day) to get macOS and Linux bytecode working.

    

    

    

    

    

    A Versatile OCaml Library for Git Interaction - Seeking Commun=
ity Feedback
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/a-versatile-ocaml-library-for-git-interaction-seeking-community-fe=
edback/14155/11

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Mathieu Barbin announced
    

    

    
I've recently pushed updates to the vcs public repo with most of the contents of my early draft.
For those interested in early experimentation, I've created a release on my=
 custom opam-repository.

    


    
The interface is still very a work in progress, but you can already see how=
 the pieces fit together. In particular, the
provider componen=
t, which is crucial for the dynamic dispatch implementation of vcs,
is now available on opam. The vcs project serves as a good rea=
l-world example of the capabilities this provides.

    


    
Please feel free to open issues on GitHub with general feedback, requests, =
or to start a discussion.

    


    
@kopecs, I don't have a precise timeline for an initial publication on opam=
 yet. I've created this
milestone if you=
'd like to follow the progress or leave a comment. Thank you for your
interest!

    


    
@paurkedal: Your setup has been a great source of inspiration for me, and I=
've found it incredibly helpful. Thank you so much!

    


    
@samoht: I chose the approach that felt most comfortable for this particula=
r project, but I greatly appreciate your input. I'll
definitely keep your suggestions in mind for future projects. Thanks!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: lwn , "caml-list@inria.fr" 
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Topic: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
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Date: Tue, 2 Jan 2024 08:59:22 +0000
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Reply-To: Alan Schmitt 
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: lwn , "caml-list@inria.fr" 
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: lwn , "caml-list@inria.fr" 
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Topic: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Index: AQHaFwBzokCru3787EuS90QTrHiARA==
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OCaml Weekly News





    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    Previous We=
ek 
Up Next We=
ek 
    

    Hello 
    

    Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 10 to 17, =
2023. 
    


    

    Hiring Functional Software Engineers (OCaml or Haskell) in Par=
is, France!
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/hiring-functional-software-engineers-ocaml-or-h=
askell-in-paris-france/13221/1

    

    

    

    Christian announced
    

    

    Hey team! Tweag is hiring a Functional Software engineer with Experience=
 in OCaml or Haskell, if you=92re fluent in ant of these languages please f=
eel free to apply. This is an onsite position at our client offices located=
 in Paris, France. (Hybrid model can
 be discussed in the interview process) 
    

    If you want to lear more and how to apply please follow this link where =
you=92ll see all the information:
https://grnh.se/51d5e65b3us 

    Any questions let me know! 
    

    

    

    


    

    qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-lin-and-qcheck-stm-0-2/12301/2 <=
/p>

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    FYI, we just rolled out a 0.3 release of qcheck-lin, =
qcheck-stm, and
qcheck-multicoretests-util: 
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/multicoretests/releases/tag/0.3 The =
release should be available in an opam repo near you shortly=85 :wink:

    

    The 0.3 release brings 3 =93usability improvements=94 to STM and 
Util and a Lin search improvement that should reduce me=
mory allocation.

    

      

    • #400: Catch and delay exceptions in STM=92s next_sta=
te for a nicer UX

    • #387: Reduce needless allocations in Lin=92s sequenti=
al consistency search, as part of an
Out_channel test cleanup 
    • #379: Extend the set of Util.Pp pretty-printers and teach them to add break hints similar =
to
ppx_deriving.show; teach to_show to generate trun=
cated strings when
$MCTUTILS_TRUNCATE environment variable is set 
    • #368: =
Switch STM_domain.agree_prop_par_asym from using Semapho=
re.Binary to using an
int Atomic.t which improves the error rate across platforms an=
d backends

    

    Happy testing! :smiley: 
    

    

    

    

    

    dune 3.11.0
    

    

    Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-11-0/13173/2

    

    

    

    Etienne Millon announced
    

    

    We just released dune 3.11.1 with the following fixes: 
    

    

    

    Fixed
    

    

      

    • Fix dune rpc commands on Windows (#8806, fixes #8799, @noj=
b) 
    • Fix inline_tests when the partition list is empty =
(#8849, fixes #8848, @hhugo)

    

    

    

    

    

    

    runtime_events_tools 0.5.0
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-runtime-events-tools-0-5-0/13235/1 
    

    

    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    I=92m happy to announce the release of 
runtime_events_tools.0.5.0. 
    

    OCaml 5.0 introduced a new 
ring-buffer based tracing system with low overheads. This eliminated th=
e need for a separate tracing runtime and added the ability to keeping trac=
ing on by default. The OCaml runtime uses this tracing system to track GC e=
vents. OCaml 5.1 went further to
 include support for =
custom events.

    

    Runtime events tools through olly, provides functionality t=
o grok the data provided by the runtime tracing system.

    

    Olly has two modes; trace , and gc-stats 
    

    olly trace 
    

    $ olly trace example.trace example.exe

    

    Records runtime traces in fuchsia and json formats. The trace files can =
be visualised with
ui.perfetto. or json =
trace with [chrome://tracing](chrome://tracing).

    

    Here=92s a sample trace rendered in perfetto. 
    

    

    3D=

    

    

    olly gc-stats 
    

    Provides information about GC time and latencies. 
    

    $ olly gc-stats "binarytrees5_multicore.exe 2 20"

Execution times:
Wall time (s):	2.61
CPU time (s):	4.63
GC time (s):	2.93
GC overhead (% of CPU time):	63.18%

GC time per domain (s):
Domain0: 	1.59
Domain1: 	1.34

GC latency profile:
#[Mean (ms):	0.76,	 Stddev (ms):	1.56]
#[Min (ms):	0.00,	 max (ms):	15.68]

Percentile 	 Latency (ms)
25.0000 	 0.00
50.0000 	 0.01
60.0000 	 0.04
70.0000 	 0.28
75.0000 	 0.66
80.0000 	 1.40
85.0000 	 2.44
90.0000 	 3.16
95.0000 	 3.62
96.0000 	 3.79
97.0000 	 4.06
98.0000 	 4.73
99.0000 	 6.29
99.9000 	 13.59
99.9900 	 15.68
99.9990 	 15.68
99.9999 	 15.68
100.0000 	 15.68

    

    New features in this release: 
    

      

    • Support for fuchsia format: Stores the trace in binary format, m=
aking the trace files 4x smaller in size, on an average.

    • gc-stats mode: In addition to latency percentiles, GC stats=
 provide more insights, such as GC time and GC time spent per domain.

    • 

      Custom events support: Not only can you trace GC events, but now =
you can also trace your own events
3D"a3=

      

      Trace for a recursive fibonacci function 
      

    

    Note that if you see non-terminating events in your traces, you might wa=
nt to include this compiler patch =96
https://github.com/oc=
aml/ocaml/pull/12583.

    

    

    

    

    

    Gospel 0.2.0
    

    

    Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-gospel-0-2-0/13236/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    We are very happy to announce the release 0.2.0 of gospel! =

    

    Gospel is a tool-agnostic behavioural specification language for OCaml. =
It allows you to write strongly typed contract-based specifications for you=
r OCaml libraries (for a reasonable subset of OCaml). Gospel=92s syntax has=
 been designed to be easy to learn
 for an OCaml programmer. You can access the documentation 
here. 
    

    This release adds two main features, a gospel dumpast comma=
nd and a
gospel.ppx ppx rewriter to display Gospel specification as doc=
umentation with
odoc. 
    

    Some minor extensions have been added to the language itself: 
    

      

    • a with construct to name a variable in type invariants ref=
erring to a value of the specified type,

    • int literals, 
    • anonymous functions now suppor=
t both patterns in arguments and return type annotations,

    • unit result in function headers, 
    • constants can now be ref=
erenced in specifications, 
    • infix operators are now accepted in spe=
cification headers. 
    

    Parser, preprocessor, and error messages have been improved. In particul=
ar the preprocessor can now handle large files and locations are properly t=
racked. Pattern matches are now also checked for exhaustiveness and redunda=
ncy.

    

    We have made a number of improvements and bugfixes in the type checker a=
s well as some minor modifications in the Gospel standard library. Finally,=
 the documentation has been revised.

    

    

    

    

    

    Talk about declarative rhythm-machines with Fry a=
nd FRP @ Copenhagen
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/talk-about-declarative-rhythm-machines-with-fry=
-and-frp-copenhagen/13238/1

    

    

    

    rand announced
    

    

    I=92m happy to announce that I=92m doing a talk on 
Fry at 
meetup for functional copenhageners @ 24. october. Fry is =
a small library that enables declarative definitions of rhythm-machines etc=
. together with FRP (React). These can be interactive, generat=
ive, experimental - what ever you
 fancy. Recently I=92ve used it for a polyrhythmic machine (pmmd) based on bpm-modulation, that I=92m planning on releasing as modular sy=
nthesizer hardware.

    

    A couple of concepts from Fry that are interesting, which y=
ou can see from its
examples: =

    


    Also, OCaml with first class modules + module functors + FRP, ma=
p elegantly to the semantics of
modular synth=
esizers. Simply:

    

      

    • a unit event maps to a 
control-voltage (CV) trigger 
    • a float signal maps =
to CV 
    • a module functor maps to a modular synth module taking CV-in=
, exposing CV-out

    

    If you are near Copenhagen - hope to see you (: 
    

    

    

    

    

    Deprecating ocaml-migrate-parsetree in favor of Ppxlib, also a=
s a Platform tool
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rfc-deprecating-ocaml-migrate-parsetree-in-favo=
r-of-ppxlib-also-as-a-platform-tool/13240/1

    

    

    

    Sonja Heinze announced
    

    

    Hello everyone :wave: 
    

    We=92re planning to deprecate 
ocaml-migrate-parsetree (OMP) finally. OMP forms part of the 
OCaml Platform, so we can=92t and wouldn=92t just do that without the a=
pproval of the community. So first a bit of context:

    

    

    

    What is OMP anyways?
    

    

    OMP used to be an extremely important project in the meta-programming-re=
lated chunk of OCaml=92s ecosystem. Since the introduction of
extension nodes=
 and
attri=
butes in OCaml 4.2 in 2014, meta-programming in OCaml is most commonly =
done on OCaml=92s parsetree. The caveat: The parsetree is extended and modi=
fied between OCaml minor versions, meaning
 that handling the OCaml parsetree directly is unstable. OMP came to the re=
scue by introducing a concept we call
versioned parsetrees (or versioned ASTs) t=
ogether with migrations between those fixed versions of the parsetree, allo=
wing the workflow

    

    

    3D"H13pahLWp.p= 
    

    

    That workflow allows one PPX to guarantee compatibility with multiple co=
mpiler versions (here, PPX =3D PreProcessor eXtension stands for the meta-p=
rogramming instance). That was extremely important at the time to introduce=
 a more version-flexible ecosystem
 and to reduce the maintenance burden of PPXs! 
    

    OMP also provided the concept of a driver, which is one single binary driving the applicatoin of all PPXs. Without=
 that, using n PPXs would mean copying the workflow pictured above n times.=
 That=92s an incredible performance
 overhead. The OMP driver took care of applying all PPXs, so fewer parsetre=
e migrations and less communication between different processes were necess=
ary (before: one process per PPX).

    

    

    

    

    Why was OMP not enough?
    

    

    However, the OMP driver was still duplicating parsetree migrations, and =
it did one whole parsetree pass per PPX. And because of the latter, the out=
come of the preprocessor phase used to depend on the order of PPXs, which d=
idn=92t follow any semantically relevant
 or otherwise reasoned pattern. The reason why it would have been extremely=
 complicated to improve the OMP driver further was that each PPX chose its =
own versioned parsetree version. There was no agreement between different P=
PXs.

    

    

      

    • Ppxlib
      

      

      So the solution was to have the PPXs agree on one versioned parsetree ve=
rsion. That=92s what
Ppxlib does. It also do=
es a lot more by providing an extensive API to write PPXs easily and others=
, but the main point here is that it consolidates a consistent PPX ecosyste=
m wrt parsetree versions. The way
 it does so is by exposing one fixed versioned parsetree version that all P=
PXs are defined against.

      

      Thanks to that, the Ppxlib driver can get rid of unnecessary parsetree m=
igrations, and it can merge a whole bunch of PPXs into one AST pass, improv=
ing performance and guaranteeing a clear order of PPX transformations. Also=
 important: Having all PPXs on the
 same versioned parsetree version, makes it easy to have them all on the on=
e of the latest OCaml version. For details I=92m not going into, that=92s t=
he only (reasonable) way to have the PPXs support the latest compiler synta=
x features, so that=92s a huge advantage
 of Ppxlib as well. 
      

      Ppxlib still isn=92t perfect and comes with its own little set of proble=
ms, but it does solve the mentioned big problems of performance overhead, u=
nclear composition semantics, parsetree-version-fragmentation among differe=
nt PPXs, and lack of latest compiler
 syntax support. So by now, the whole OCaml opam ecosystem has shifted from=
 OMP to Ppxlib (more below).

      

      The latest update on the state of Ppxlib, also including info about OMP =
and the ecosystem=92s transition from one to the other

is this one from 2021. All Ppxlib maintainers have very very little tim=
e for communication and similar. If a new update would be strongly apprecia=
ted, let us know. For here, let=92s focus on OMP:

      

      

    

    

    

    What does it mean to deprecate OMP?
    

    

    Given that by now, OMP=92s maintenance is held at the bare bare minimum =
anyways, deprecating it would only have one clear impact:

    

    

      

    • Real-life
      

      

      We=92d stop adding new compiler support, so the last supported compiler =
would be OCaml 5.0. Concretely: We won=92t add the new versioned parsetrees=
 and migrations for the new compilers anymore.

      

      

    • Formalities
      

      

      We=92d also mark the OMP opam packages as deprecated, and we=92d move OM=
P to the Deprecate section in the
set of OCaml Platform tools=
 (now it=92s in the Sustained section).

      

      

    

    

    

    Is it ok to deprecate OMP?
    

    

    You tell us :) Here=92s some info: 
    

    

      

    • Opam packages
      

      

      All packages on opam have moved to Ppxlib now. There=92s only 
a hand-full of packages that formally still depend on OMP, but all of t=
hat seems to be formal left-overs in the opam files, a left-over test depen=
dency or similar. I=92ve opened issues on those packages, mentioning the po=
tential upcoming deprecation of OMP,
 and nobody has complained. 
      

      

    • Distribution packages
      

      

      There are still a few distributions that keep on packaging OMP on their =
distribution, e.g. there=92s
OMP on D=
ebian,

OMP on Fedora and 
OMP on Arch. However, the reason for that seems merely historical (with=
 unquestioned inertia): There are no reverse dependencies on Debian or Fedo=
ra. On Arch, there are a few reverse dependencies, none of them still being=
 relevant in the present. I=92ll reach
 out to the three respective package managers. If anyone has any info or re=
levant context about this, please share it!

      

      

    • Users/community
      

      

      And this is where we=92re asking for feedback. Does it sound good to eve=
ryone to deprecate OMP? We do have the strong impression that pretty much e=
veryone has moved to Ppxlib, but if you think we=92re missing something imp=
ortant, please let us know (or, just
 use this opportunity to say something nice about OMP :slight_smile: ). 

      

    • Original author and current maintainer

      

      Obviously, the current maintainer/=93sustainer=94 (me) thinks it=92s goo=
d to deprecate OMP finally. And the original author, @let-def, is behind it=
 as well.

      

      Btw, @let-def, thanks a lot for this crucial piece of OCaml software! It=
 contains a lot of really good ideas, concepts, and implementation details!=
 Even once deprecated, it will persist - partly quite literally inside Ppxl=
ib in the form of the versioned
 parsetrees, the migrations, and parts of the driver. 
      

      

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    If you happen to miss a CWN, you can 
send me a message and I=92ll mail it to you, or go take a look at 
the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    

    If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to =
the 
caml-list. 
    


    

    

    



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x-ironport-av: E=Sophos;i="6.02,229,1688421600";
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x-spam-flag: No, tests=bogofilter, spamicity=0.311835, queueID=4896856128A
x-ironport-anti-spam-filtered: true
x-loop: caml-list@inria.fr
x-no-archive: yes
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	Tue, 15 Aug 2023 18:33:59 +0200 (CEST)
From: Alan Schmitt 
To: lwn , cwn , "caml-list@inria.fr"
	
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Topic: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Index: AQHZz5Z0pMEZiRLgNE+4fHU6YiC5QA==
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	by ssl.polytechnique.org (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id CDA5E56125F;
	Tue,  1 Aug 2023 09:14:01 +0200 (CEST)
From: Alan Schmitt 
To: lwn , cwn , "caml-list@inria.fr"
	
Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Topic: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Index: AQHZxEfm5BfFhMk2a06ed/smrFkXzw==
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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Topic: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Topic: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
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OCaml Weekly News





    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    Previous We=
ek 
Up Next We=
ek 
    

    Hello 
    

    Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 11 to 18, 20=
23. 
    


    

    You started to learn OCaml less than 12 months ago? Please hel=
p us with our user survey on the OCaml.org Learning Area
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/you-started-to-learn-ocaml-less-than-12-months-=
ago-please-help-us-with-our-user-survey-on-the-ocaml-org-learning-area/1194=
5/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz asked
    

    

    We=92re asking specifically for you, if your experience of learning OCam=
l is still ongoing or so recent that you still remember

    

      

    1. what you struggled with (or still feel like you=92re struggling), 
      2. =

    2. how the current materials failed you, 
    3. what other materials hel=
ped you understand. 
    

    if you have previous experience in other languages, we also find it high=
ly interesting to learn about resources that you found particularly effecti=
ve/engaging/educational and why you think they are particularly great.

    

    Our goal is to improve the =93Learn=94 area of OCaml.org - and this is a=
 pretty broad topic in the sense that we want to provide a framework on OCa=
ml.org where content is organised properly in such a way that information i=
s easy to find and effective to use
 for various people with different backgrounds and learning styles. 
    

    The survey is here: http=
s://forms.gle/L1oQgEs3N9D6qx5v9

    

    If you indicate you=92re available for interview, our UX designer Claire=
 may contact you to schedule a video call with you.

    

    There will be a summary of the points brought up no later than May 5 in =
this thread.

    

    

    

    

    

    First alpha release of OCaml 5.1.0
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-alpha-release-of-ocaml-5-1-0/11949/1 =

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    Four months after the release of OCaml 5.0.0, the set of new features fo=
r the future version 5.1.0 of OCaml has been frozen. I am thus happy to ann=
ounce the first alpha release for OCaml 5.1.0 .

    

    This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our b=
ug hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the installation in=
structions). You can see the progress on this front at

    

    https:=
//github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/issues/23669

    

    If you find any bugs, please report them here: 
    

    https://github.com/oca=
ml/ocaml/issues

    

    Note that this early alpha version is missing two important fixes for th=
e garbage collector and Windows support. Those fixes will be available befo=
re the beta. The full release is expected to happen in July.

    

    If you are interested by the ongoing list of new features and bug fixes,=
 the updated change log for OCaml 5.1.0 is available at:

    

    https://gith=
ub.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/5.1/Changes

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following =
commands on opam 2.1:

    

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.1.0~alpha1

    

    

    For previous version of opam, the switch creation command line is slight=
ly more verbose:

    

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.1.0~alpha1
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit&=
#43;https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git

    

    

    If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch t=
o the option variant with:

    

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.1.0~alpha1+opti=
ons <option_list>

    

    

    where option_list is a comma separated list of ocaml-option=
-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

    

    

    opam switch create 5.1.0~alpha1+flambda=
3;nffa ocaml-variants.5.1.0~alpha1+options
ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    

    

    The command line above is slightly more complicated for opam version ant=
erior to 2.1:

    

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name>
--packages=3Docaml-variants.5.1.0~alpha1+options,<option_list>
--repositories=3Ddefault,beta=3Dgit&=
#43;https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml-beta-repository.git

    

    

    In both cases, all available options can be listed with =93opam search o=
caml-option=94.

    

    The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses: 
    


    

    

    

    

    

    Interesting OCaml Articles
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/interesting-ocaml-articles/1867/101 
    

    

    

    james woodyatt announced
    

    

    Our @yallop is one of the authors of this paper about parsing. 
    

    flap: A Deterministic Parse=
r with Fused Lexing

    

    

    Lexers and parsers are typically defined separately and connected by a t=
oken stream. This separate definition is important for modularity and reduc=
es the potential for parsing ambiguity. However, materializing tokens as da=
ta structures and case-switching
 on tokens comes with a cost. We show how to fuse separately-defined lexers=
 and parsers, drastically improving performance without compromising modula=
rity or increasing ambiguity. We propose a deterministic variant of Greibac=
h Normal Form that ensures deterministic
 parsing with a single token of lookahead and makes fusion strikingly simpl=
e, and prove that normalizing context free expressions into the determinist=
ic normal form is semantics-preserving. Our staged parser combinator librar=
y, flap, provides a standard interface,
 but generates specialized token-free code that runs two to six times faste=
r than ocamlyacc on a range of benchmarks.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Porting a OCaml3-based game to the latest version of OCaml

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/porting-a-ocaml3-based-game-to-the-latest-versi=
on-of-ocaml/11968/1

    

    

    

    nova4216 asked
    

    

    Guys, there is not a trivial task. 
    

    There is a game engine on OCaml + a game written on this game engine=
. This was all written about 10 years ago, on version Ocaml 3. Camplp4 was =
used as a preprocessor. And the compiler was patched to correctly generate =
ARM code for iOS.

    

    The task is to port the engine and the game to the latest version of Oca=
ml which supports arm64 on all platforms by default.

    

    We can make the engine Open Source - maybe it will help the Ocaml commun=
ity to release more games in their favorite language for mobile platforms.

    

    If anyone is interested in the task - feel free to contact me, and we wi=
ll be glad to discuss the details! Of course, there will be a reward for su=
ccessful completion of the task.

    

    nova4216@gmail.com 
    

    

    

    

    nova4216 later added
    

    

    The game itself is called The Big Farm Theory. The engine in this thread=
 is Lightning:

    


    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    If you happen to miss a CWN, you can 
send me a message and I=92ll mail it to you, or go take a look at 
the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    

    If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe 
online. 
    


    

    

    



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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Topic: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
Thread-Index: AQHZRd4qt3mviaatD0y87EaDlEWXsg==
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OCaml Weekly News





    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    Previous We=
ek 
Up Next We=
ek 
    

    Hello 
    

    Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 24 to 31, =
2023. 
    


    

    Stramon 0.2.2 - Process behavior monitoring utility based on s=
trace
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-stramon-0-2-2-process-behavior-monitoring-u=
tility-based-on-strace/11242/1

    

    

    

    Darren announced
    

    

    I=92m happy to announce Stramon (right now mainly distributed as statically built binary
here).

    

    Stramon is primarily created to make usage of strace and the analysis of=
 strace output easier.

    

    Stramon invokes strace underneath, analyzes the piped output and summari=
zes the findings into a JSON file when the command finishes.

    

    An example JSON created by running Firefox via Stramon can be seen 
here. (Network access section is trimmed.) 
    

    

    

    

    

    Diskuv OCaml 1.2.0 (Windows, MSVC)
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-diskuv-ocaml-1-2-0-windows-msvc/11245/1=
 
    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    There is a new release of the Diskuv OCaml installer available for Windo=
ws users at
https://github.com/diskuv/dkml-installer-ocaml/releases/tag/v1.2.0.=
 It contains critical changes that were blocking some Windows users from co=
mpleting the install, and some performance
 improvements thanks in large part to @edwin. The release notes have been r=
eproduced immediately below. It will be available using
winget install Diskuv.OCaml in a week or so. 
    

    Upgrading? First uninstall the old Diskuv OCaml version using =93=
Add or remove programs=94 in the Control Panel.

    

    Callout to VirtualBox users: You=92ll need a workaround for 
a not-yet backported FMA fix by doing the following in a PowerShell ter=
minal inside VirtualBox
before running the installer: 
    

    mkdir "$env:ProgramData\DiskuvOCaml\conf\"
Set-Content -Path "$env:ProgramData\DiskuvOCaml\conf\ocamlcompiler.sex=
p" -Value "((feature_flag_imprecise_c99_float_ops))"

    

    Critical changes: 
    

      

    • Switch from the official MSYS2 msys2-base install, plus a =
set of MSYS2 Internet updates, to a standalone

msys2-dkml-base that has all the MSYS2 packages needed during installat=
ion. That removes the Internet, GPG keys, proxies, etc. as a source of fail=
ures during the MSYS2 sub-installation.

    • Special handling for Scoop package manager on Windows which coming=
les a conflicting bash.exe and git.exe in the same directory. A prior
scoop install git should no longer present a problem during in=
stallation.

    • Fixed: No longer need to do opam pin remove ... to in=
stall 
merlin and ocaml-lsp. 
    

    Performance improvements: 
    

      

    • Plumb the number of cpus to the compiler jobs. [@edwin] 
    • Skip o=
ver cross-compiling support when no target ABIs specified. 
    • Overall=
 shaved ~15 minutes from installation on a 3-CPU machine (80m instead of 95=
m), with additional savings if you have more CPUs. Timings in
https://gi=
thub.com/diskuv/dkml-runtime-common/pull/1

    

    Open source help wanted: 
    

      

    • Byte-code only installation. That will be fast and simple and light, an=
d is likely the best option for students. The existing installer already sh=
ips with a functioning
ocamlrun and standard library, and is =93component=94-based so=
 pieces can be added or removed. No Visual Studio, no MSYS2, no spending ti=
me compiling code during installation. However a shim would need to be deve=
loped so that
ocaml, ocamlc, utop, etc. work witho=
ut setting required OCaml environment variables. Almost all of this new byt=
e-code only installation can be developed on macOS or Linux. If you would l=
ike to contribute post your github
 username on https://github.com/diskuv/dkml-installer-ocaml/issues/35

    

    Component upgrades: 
    

      

    • Bump utop from 2.9.0 to 2.10.0. 
    • ocur=
rent ocaml/opam CI Docker image (a source of pins) updated from 2022-02-28 =
to 2022-11-22; numerous pins updated.

    

    Bug fixes: 
    

      

    • dkml-runtime-common-native works with spaces in the Window=
s home directory

    • Removed incorrect ptime.0.8.6 pin during dkml i=
nit; now
ptime.1.1.0 
    

    Doc fixes: 
    

      

    • Create dune-project in Beyond Basics documentation alongsi=
de existing
dune init exe to adhere to Dune 3.x behavior. (Dune 3.6 was ad=
ded in DKML 1.1.0)

    

    Deprecations: 
    

      

    • The dkml --build-type build type option will be removed ne=
xt release. It was originally created for Linux builds (perf and AFL varian=
ts), and can be resurrected and simplified if and when Linux support is add=
ed.

    

    Internal changes: 
    

      

    • Added Jane Street=92s base package to global utop. In particular,
base is now part of the dkml switch created durin=
g installation.
core is too expensive (52 packages) to install automaticall=
y, but you can install utop and core in your own switch. For now this i=
s not that useful. The
lib/stublibs directory of the dkml switch needs t=
o be in the PATH for
#require "base";; to work in global utop. That would help readers of the Real World OCaml book. A future release w=
ill automate the PATH change.

    • Removed digestif.1.1.2+msvc pin since MSVC change=
s upstreamed to 1.1.3.

    • The bytecode *.bc embedded in the installer is compil=
ed with 4.14.0 and its embedded runtime is also 4.14.0.

    • When using opam option setenv+=3D stop removing t=
he environment file to force a rebuild of the environment.

    • Pin omd.1.3.1 
    • Print timestamp for many loggi=
ng operations to aid performance comparisons 
    

    Patches: 
    


    

    

    

    

    Simple installation of packages without network
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/simple-installation-of-packages-without-network=
/11263/1

    

    

    

    Anthony Scemama announced
    

    

    I have access to machines that don=92t allow me to download anything fro=
m the web, so I had difficulties installing software with Opam. With the he=
lp of Raja from OCamlPro, I came to a practical solution that solved my pro=
blem, and I turned it into a script:
https://github.com/scemama/=
OpamPack It is a simple script that makes a tar.gz on your local machin=
e with all the dependencies you need, and then you can copy the
tar.gz o the remote isolated machine and install everything us=
ing Opam without needing the network.

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    If you happen to miss a CWN, you can 
send me a message and I=92ll mail it to you, or go take a look at 
the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    

    If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe 
online. 
    


    

    

    



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OCaml Weekly News





    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    Previous We=
ek 
Up Next We=
ek 
    

    Hello 
    

    Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 10 to 17, =
2023. 
    


    

    Installing Windows OCaml 5.0.0 in opam
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/pre-ann-installing-windows-ocaml-5-0-0-in-opam/=
11150/1

    

    

    

    David Allsopp announced
    

    

    One of opam 2.2=92s headline features is that both =93upstream=94 opam (=
i.e. opam built from un-patched sources from
ocaml/opam) and =93un-forked=
=94 opam-repository (i.e.
ocaml/opam-repository<=
/a>) finally provide native Windows opam switches. We=92re aiming to get an=
 alpha release of this out in the coming weeks, but I=92ve had various requ=
ests directly for how to use OCaml 5.0
 with opam-repository-mingw in the meantime, so I=92m just sharing this tem=
porary solution, in case it=92s of use to others.

    

    I have a demonstration workflow at 
https://github.com/dra27/ocaml5-ci-demo with 
setup-ocaml. It shows the commands necessary for local use: 
    

    

          - run: opam repo add dra27 git+https:=
//github.com/dra27/opam-repository#windows-5.0 --all --set-default
      - run: opam switch create 5.0 --packages=3Docaml.5.0.0,ocaml-option-m=
ingw
      - run: opam exec --switch=3D5.0 -- ocamlopt -config
      - run: opam install --switch=3D5.0 utop

    

    

    and also how to use it directly in a workflow: 
    

    

          - name: Set-up OCaml
        uses: ocaml/setup-ocaml@v2
        with:
          ocaml-compiler: ocaml.5.0.0,ocaml-option-mingw
          opam-repositories: |
            dra27: https://github.com/dra27/opam-repository.git#windows-5.0
            default: https://github.com/fdopen/opam-repository-mingw.git#op=
am2

    

    

    The windows-5.0 branch adds just enough to provide the OCam=
l 5.0.0 package for mingw-w64 by patching
ocaml-variants.5.0.0+options (rather than providing =
ocaml-variants.5.0.0+mingw64). Unless you expressly select
ocaml-variants.5.0.0+options, it=92ll actually pick up a v=
ersion patched with
ocaml/ocaml#11846=
. 
    

    The only change once the alpha release comes out should be the removal o=
f the 
opam repo add dra27 part. 
    

    

    

    

    

    Release of Mehari 0.1
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-mehari-0-1/11158/1 
    

    

    

    Tim ats announced
    

    

    @artichaut and I are very pleased to announce the first release of Mehar=
i. 
    

    Mehari was created w=
ith the aim of offering a cross-platform framework to create
Gemini applications. 
    

    Gemini is a lightweight alternative protocol to HTTP and Gopher, which r=
uns on top of TLS.

    

    On the =93Geminispace=94, there are mainly static content like blogs and=
 other applications like games, BBS, etc.

    

    Mehari API=92s is largely inspired by 
Dream: it consists of a single module, and is pretty similar, there are=
 handlers, routes, middlewares, etc.

    

    Among the features, there are: 
    

      

    • Cross-platform: the library provides many IO modules (Lwt, Mirage, Eio)=
 
    • MIME type inference (using experimental 
Conan support) 
    • Rate limit : it is easy to rate limit access to=
 a route or to the whole server

    • Virtual hosting : hostname verification with SNI or request URL 
    • Proxy: Ability to act as a proxy 
    • CGI support with environme=
nt variables 
    • Long-running TCP connection : incremental creation of=
 the response body 
    

    Examples of use are available on the 
GitHub repository. 
    

    Documentation is available online with a short tutorial explaining the basics.

    

    Currently, the library is in its infancy, the API is subject to change, =
so we are open to feedback and contribution, especially in terms of securit=
y.

    

    Mehari is our first MirageOS-compatib=
le library, so the creation of unikernels is experimental, and we=92d love =
to get feedback on it.

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy Summer 2023
    

    

    Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-summer-2023/11159/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    Yep, it=92s that time of the year again! Outreachy has officially starte=
d asking for organisations and mentors for the Summer 2023 round.

    

    

    What is Outreachy? 
    

    Outreachy is a paid, remote internship program. Outreachy promotes diver=
sity in open source and open science. Our internships are for people who fa=
ce under-representation, and discrimination or systemic bias in the technol=
ogy industry of their country.

    

    

    Given the long discussion in 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/what-are-the-biggest-reasons-newcomers-give-up-=
on-ocaml/10958 I can guarantee you that if you want some more really go=
od answers, participating in Outreachy is one way to do that!

    

    To help get a feel for what is to be a mentor, Outreachy will be holding=
 a livestreamed call with previous mentors taking part which should be avai=
lable on peertube (I=92ll post links when available).

    

    

    

    Important Dates
    

    

      

    • Jan. 17 at 3pm UTC - Mentor chat on YouTube and PeerTube 
    • Feb. =
6 at 3pm UTC - Mentor chat on YouTube and PeerTube 
    • Feb. 10 at 4pm =
UTC - Deadline for open source and open science communities to sign up to b=
e an Outreachy mentoring organization

    • Feb. 24 at 4pm UTC - Deadline for mentors to submit project descri=
ptions for May 2023 interns to work on

    

    

    

    

    This round
    

    

    We had some excellent proposals for projects working on the compiler but=
 unfortunately in the end no intern was found for it, please don=92t be dis=
heartened by this and I hope to see more projects suggested.

    

    I=92ve had the great fortune of working with 
Prisca on ocaml-t=
opojson which has come on leaps and bounds thanks to her work! We=92ll =
have a proper debrief towards the end of the project like the previous two =
rounds, although it may be a little
 shorter given the OCaml community only has one intern this round. 
    

    The older, but still relevant post 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/become-an-outreachy-mentor-support-the-growth-a=
nd-diversity-of-the-ocaml-community/8213 contains some more information=
 about being a mentor which you may want to take a look at.

    

    Please uses this thread for any questions, ideas or thoughts. Thank you =
:camel: !

    

    

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris later added
    

    

    Friendly reminder the live chat will take place on 
https://diode.zone/a/outreachy tomorrow (17th Jan. 2023) at 3pm UTC. Wh=
ilst primarily focused on helping prospective applicants, it is still super=
 useful for mentors to understand the process to help them out when the tim=
e comes.

    

    

    

    

    

    Petrol 1.0.0 - A high-level typed SQL API for OCaml designed t=
o go fast!
    

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-petrol-1-0-0-a-high-level-typed-sql-api-for=
-ocaml-designed-to-go-fast/11166/1

    

    

    

    Kiran Gopinathan announced
    

    

    Heyo! Pleased to annouce the release of a new library that I=92ve been w=
orking on for some personal projects, but thought might be useful for other=
s.

    

    Petrol is a Free software library that provides a high-level OCam=
l API for interacting with SQL databases. The aim of this interface is to p=
rovide a type-safe API to allow developers to define their SQL tables and q=
ueries directly in OCaml, thereby
 avoiding the impedence mismatch and fragility that comes with having to di=
rectly write SQL code, as is typical in a normal Caqti-based project.

    

    

    open Petrol

(* define a new schema *)
let schema =3D Stat=
icSchema.init ()

(* declare a table *)
let example_table, =
Expr.[name; age] =3D
    StaticSchema.declare_table schem=
a ~name:"example"
    Schema.[
        field "name" ~ty:Type.=
text;
        field "age" ~ty:Type.<=
/span>int
    ]

    

    

    Petrol=92s DSL allows you to express complex SQL queries as simple OCaml=
 function compositions:

    

    

    (* create =
a query *)
let insert_person ~=
name:n ~age:a db =3D
    Query.insert ~table:example_table
        ~values:Expr.[
            name :=3D s n;
            age :=3D i a
         ]
    |> Request.make_zero
    |> Petrol.exec db

    

    

    Another selling point of Petrol is that it comes out of the box with a v=
ersioning system to gracefully allow changing the schemas in your applicati=
on over time - this and more is described in the documentation.

    

    https://github.com/gop=
iandcode/petrol

    

    Anyway, as usual, I=92ve tried to spend some quality time tuning the doc=
umentation to make it as easy to pick up as possible, so feel free to have =
a gander:
https://=
gopiandcode.github.io/petrol/petrol/index.html

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-search 0.1.1 - In-memory Search Index for OCaml values

    

    Archive: 
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-search-0-1-1-in-memory-search-index-f=
or-ocaml-values/11179/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    I=92m happy to announce the release of a little OCaml library for doing =
in-memory searches over OCaml values:
ocaml-search.=
 
    

    Here=92s a quick example: 
    

    

    module Book =3D struct
  type t =3D {
    title : string;
    author : string;
  }
end

let books : =
Book.t list =3D
  [
    { title =3D "Dune"; au=
thor =3D "Frank Herbet" };
    { title =3D "The Day of the Triffi=
ds"; author =3D "John Wynd=
ham" };
    { title =3D "The Remains of the Da=
y"; author =3D "Kazuo Ishi=
guro" }
  ]

module Mono =3D Searc=
h.Tfidf.Mono (Search.Uids.String) (Book)
let search =3D Mono=
.empty ()

    

    

    You can then add an index to your search index along with the documents.=
 
    

    

    Mono.ad=
d_index search (fun t -> t.title);
List.iter (fun doc -> Mono.add_document search =
doc.Book.title doc) books

    

    

    Before finally being able to search. 
    

    

    Mono.se=
arch search "day";;
- : Mono.doc list =3D
[{Book.title =3D "The Remains of the Day"; author =3D "Kazuo Ishiguro"};
 {Book.title =3D "The Day of the Triffids"; author =3D "John Wyndham"}]

    

    

    The README=
 provides more thorough documentation and also explains how it can also pro=
vide a heterogeneous search index should you want it. I have plans to make =
the library more easily extendible
 with your own search strategies, but thought the initial TF-IDF implementa=
tion might already be useful.

    

    This library is heavily inspired by 
js-search without which it wouldn=92t exist. 
    

    Happy Hacking :camel: 
    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    If you happen to miss a CWN, you can 
send me a message and I=92ll mail it to you, or go take a look at 
the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    

    If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe 
online. 
    


    

    

    



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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 19 to 26,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

The Flambda2 Snippets, by OCamlPro
Eio 1.0: First major release
ppx_minidebug 1.3.0: toward a logging framework
Academic OCaml Users Testimonials!
Volunteers for ICFP 2024 Artifact Evaluation Committee (AEC)
First beta release for OCaml 5.2.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


The Flambda2 Snippets, by OCamlPro
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Greetings Cameleers,

  Today, we are excited to share with you a first glance at some
  redactional work that has been brewing behind at the scenes at
  OCamlPro for quite a some time now!

  We are starting a series of blogposts on the Flambda2 project. The
  goals are plenty, one of them being to give all readers an idea of the
  inner workings of this great piece of software, 10 years of research &
  development in the making.

  The first two episodes are rather special to the series:

  =E2=80=A2 [Episode 0] gives context and broader information on both the
    Flambda2 Optimising Compiler project, and the series of blogposts
    itself.

  =E2=80=A2 [Episode 1], on the other hand, steps right into the subject at=
 hand
    and covers some of the foundational design decisions of this
    compiler.

  We await your feedback below, and hope that you will enjoy reading
  these posts, and all ensuing ones!

  Kind regards, The OCamlPro Team


[Episode 0]


[Episode 1]



Eio 1.0: First major release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sudha Parimala announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce the release of [Eio 1.0], its first major
  release. Eio started as an experimental effects-based library by the
  same team that was working on Multicore OCaml. We did not initially
  plan on upstreaming effects with OCaml 5.0. However, thanks to the
  efforts from the multicore team and OCaml core developers, effect
  handlers shipped with OCaml 5.0 (making it one of the first mainstream
  languages to do so). This presented the opportunity to develop
  effect-based concurrency libraries for OCaml, and Eio was the first of
  the lot..

  Find more about the journey of Eio in this post =E2=80=93 [ Eio 1.0 Relea=
se:
  Introducing a new Effects-Based I/O Library for OCaml]

  This is the beginning of the journey towards effect-based schedulers!
  We are keen to hear from you all to shape up what would be Eio 2.0.

  If you're looking to get started with Eio, the [README] is a good
  place to start.  Additionally, @talex5's [video introduction], and
  [tutorial to port your Lwt applications to Eio] serve as good primers.

  I'd like to thank all the contributors for their work and users for
  their thoughtful feedback. As always, happy to hear feedback about
  Eio.

  Happy hacking!


[Eio 1.0] 

[ Eio 1.0 Release: Introducing a new Effects-Based I/O Library for
OCaml]


[README] 

[video introduction] 

[tutorial to port your Lwt applications to Eio]



ppx_minidebug 1.3.0: toward a logging framework
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Lukasz Stafiniak announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Happy to announce ppx_minidebug 1.5.0. It should soon propagate to the
  opam repository. Two new features since 1.4.0:
  =E2=80=A2 `[%log_entry header_string; body...]' syntax to explicitly crea=
te
    log subtrees without polluting with source location
    information. Note that if you want the source location you could
    always do `let _for_debug : type... =3D body... in...'.
  =E2=80=A2 Minimalistic flame graphs. Example:

    

    (Note that the output is very configurable, e.g. by default the `at
    elapsed' time information is not printed.)


Academic OCaml Users Testimonials!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Claire Vandenberghe announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *Are you an academic user of OCaml?*

  By sharing your testimonial, you're not only showcasing your expertise
  and experience but also contributing to the OCaml community.

  Your insights can help prospective users understand the academic value
  of OCaml and inspire them to explore its potential further.

  Your testimonial will be featured on our academic user page, inspiring
  others to explore OCaml's potential.

  *Tell us:*

  1. Your name and academic affiliation.
  2. A brief description of how you=E2=80=99ve used OCaml in your academic
     endeavors.
  3. Your thoughts on the benefits and challenges of using OCaml.

  Thanks

  OCaml.org Team


UnixJunkie then replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Some years ago, I wrote a testimonial in an invited paper:

  Chemoinformatics and structural bioinformatics in OCaml
  


Volunteers for ICFP 2024 Artifact Evaluation Committee (AEC)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Beno=C3=AEt Montagu announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear all,

  We are looking for motivated people to be members of the ICFP 2024
  Artifact Evaluation Committee (AEC). Students, researchers and people
  from the industry or the free software community are all welcome. The
  artifact evaluation process aims to improve the quality and
  reproducibility of research artifacts for ICFP papers. In case you
  want to nominate someone else (students, colleagues, etc.), please
  send them the nomination form.

  Nomination form: 

  Deadline for nominations: Mon April 8th 2024

  For more information, see the AEC webpage:
    

  The primary responsibility of committee members is to review the
  artifacts submitted corresponding to the already conditionally
  accepted papers in the main research track. In particular, run the
  associated tool or benchmark, check whether the results in the paper
  can be reproduced, and inspect the tool and the data.

  We expect evaluation of one artifact to take about a full day. Each
  committee member will receive 2 to 3 artifacts to review.

  All of the AEC work will be done remotely/online. The AEC will work in
  June, with the review work happening between June 5th and July 5th.

  Come join us in improving the quality of research in our field!

  Best, the Artifact Evaluation chairs: Quentin Sti=C3=A9venart and Beno=C3=
=AEt
  Montagu


First beta release for OCaml 5.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Nearly two months after the first alpha release, the release of OCaml
  5.2.0 is drawing near.

  We have thus released a first beta version of OCaml 5.2.0 to help you
  update your softwares and libraries ahead of the release (see below
  for the installation instructions).

  Compared to the alpha release, this beta contains a majority of
  runtime system fixes, and a handful of other fixes across many
  subsystems.

  Overall, the opam ecosystem looks in a good shape for the first beta
  release.  Most core development tools support OCaml 5.2.0 or have
  compatibility patch under review (for `odoc' and `ocamlformat'), and
  you can follow the last remaining wrinkles on the [opam readiness for
  5.2.0 meta-issue].

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  Currently, the release is planned for the end of April or the
  beginning of May.

  If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the
  new OCaml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.2.0 is available
  [on GitHub].


[opam readiness for 5.2.0 meta-issue]


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[on GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.2.0~beta1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml archives at Inria]


[GitHub] 

[OCaml archives at Inria]


=E2=97=8A Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.2.0~beta1+opt=
ions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space-separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a `flambda' and `no-flat-float-array'
  switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.2.0~beta1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.2.=
0~beta1+options
  =E2=94=82 ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Changes since the first alpha
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Runtime System Fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#12875], [#12879], [#12882]: Execute preemptive systhread swit=
ching
    as a delayed pending action. This ensures that one can reason within
    the FFI that no mutation happens on the same domain when allocating
    on the OCaml heap from C, consistently with OCaml 4. This also fixes
    further bugs with the multicore systhreads implementation.
    (Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni, bug reports and suggestion by Mark
    Shinwell, review by Nick Barnes and Stephen Dolan)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12876]: Port ThreadSanitizer support to Linux on POWER (Miod
    Vallat, review by Tim McGilchrist)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12678], [#12898]: free channel buffers on close rather than on
    finalization (Damien Doligez, review by Jan Midtgaard and Gabriel
    Scherer, report by Jan Midtgaard)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12915]: Port ThreadSanitizer support to Linux on s390x (Miod
    Vallat, review by Tim McGilchrist)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12914]: Slightly change the s390x assembly dialect in order to
    build with Clang's integrated assembler.  (Miod Vallat, review by
    Gabriel Scherer)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12897]: fix locking bugs in Runtime_events (Gabriel Scherer a=
nd
    Thomas Leonard, review by Olivier Nicole, Vincent Laviron and Damien
    Doligez, report by Thomas Leonard)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12860]: Fix an assertion that wasn't taking into account the
    possibility of an ephemeron pointing at static data.  (Mark
    Shinwell, review by Gabriel Scherer and KC Sivaramakrishnan)

  =E2=80=A2 [#11040], [#12894]: Silence false data race observed between
    caml_shared_try_alloc and oldify. Introduces macros to call tsan
    annotations which help annotate a ~~happens before'' relationship.
    (Hari Hara Naveen S and Olivier Nicole, review by Gabriel Scherer
    and Miod Vallat)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12919]: Fix register corruption in caml_callback2_asm on s390=
x.
    (Miod Vallat, review by Gabriel Scherer)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12969]: Fix a data race in caml_darken_cont (Fabrice Buoro and
    Olivier Nicole, review by Gabriel Scherer and Miod Vallat)


  [#12875] 

  [#12879] 

  [#12882] 

  [#12876] 

  [#12678] 

  [#12898] 

  [#12915] 

  [#12914] 

  [#12897] 

  [#12860] 

  [#11040] 

  [#12894] 

  [#12919] 

  [#12969] 


=E2=97=8A Standard Library Fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#12677], [#12889]: make Domain.DLS thread-safe (Gabriel Schere=
r,
    review by Olivier Nicole and Damien Doligez, report by Vesa
    Karvonen)


  [#12677] 

  [#12889] 


=E2=97=8A Type System Fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#12924], [#12930]: Rework package constraint checking to impro=
ve
    interaction with immediacy (Chris Casinghino and Florian Angeletti,
    review by Florian Angeletti and Richard Eisenberg)


  [#12924] 

  [#12930] 


=E2=97=8A Compiler User-Interface Fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#12971], [#12974]: fix an uncaught Ctype.Escape exception on s=
ome
    invalid programs forming recursive types.  (Gabriel Scherer, review
    by Florian Angeletti, report by Neven Villani)


  [#12971] 

  [#12974] 


=E2=97=8A Build System Fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#12198], [#12321], [#12586], [#12616], [#12706], [#13048]: con=
tinue
    the merge of the sub-makefiles into the root Makefile started with
    [#11243], [#11248], [#11268], [#11420] and [#11675]. (S=C3=A9bastien
    Hinderer, review by David Allsopp and Florian Angeletti)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12768], [#13030]: Detect mingw-w64 coupling with GCC or LLVM,
    detect clang-cl, and fix C compiler feature detection on macOS.
    (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Miod Vallat and S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer)

  =E2=80=A2 [#13019]: Remove linking instructions for the Unix library from
    threads.cma (this was done for threads.cmxa in OCaml
    3.11). Eliminates warnings from new lld when using threads.cma of
    duplicated libraries.  (David Allsopp, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=
=C3=A4r)

  =E2=80=A2 [#12758], [#12998]: Remove the `Marshal.Compression' flag to the
    `Marshal.to_*' functions.  The compilers are still able to use ZSTD
    compression for compilation artefacts.  This is a forward port and
    clean-up of the emergency fix that was introduced


  [#12198] 

  [#12321] 

  [#12586] 

  [#12616] 

  [#12706] 

  [#13048] 

  [#11243] 

  [#11248] 

  [#11268] 

  [#11420] 

  [#11675] 

  [#12768] 

  [#13030] 

  [#13019] 

  [#12758] 

  [#12998] 


=E2=97=8A Compiler Internals Fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#12389], [#12544], [#12984], +[#12987]: centralize the handlin=
g of
    metadata for compilation units and artifacts in preparation for
    better unicode support for OCaml source files.  (Florian Angeletti,
    review by Vincent Laviron and Gabriel Scherer)


  [#12389] 

  [#12544] 

  [#12984] 

  [#12987] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Eio 1.0 Release: Introducing a new Effects-Based I/O Library f=
or
    OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [CPS Representation and Foundational Design Decisions in Flambd=
a2]
  =E2=80=A2 [The Flambda2 Snippets, Episode 0 ]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Eio 1.0 Release: Introducing a new Effects-Based I/O Library for OCaml]


[CPS Representation and Foundational Design Decisions in Flambda2]


[The Flambda2 Snippets, Episode 0 ]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 19 to 26, 2024.

    



    

    The Flambda2 Snippets, by OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-the-flambda2-snippets=
-by-ocamlpro/14331/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers,

    


    
Today, we are excited to share with you a first glance at some redactional =
work
that has been brewing behind at the scenes at OCamlPro for quite a some time
now!

    


    
We are starting a series of blogposts on the Flambda2 project. The goals are
plenty, one of them being to give all readers an idea of the inner workings=
 of
this great piece of software, 10 years of research & development in the=
 making.

    


    
The first two episodes are rather special to the series:

    


      

    • Episode 0 gives context and broader information on both the Flambda2=
 Optimising Compiler project, and the series of blogposts itself.
      • 


    • Episode 1, on the other hand, steps right into the subject at hand a=
nd covers some of the foundational design decisions of this compiler.
      • 

    


    
We await your feedback below, and hope that you will enjoy reading these po=
sts, and all ensuing
ones!

    


    
Kind regards,
The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    

    

    Eio 1.0: First major release
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-eio-1-0-first-major-release/1=
4334/1

    

    

    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the release of Eio
1.0, its first major release. Eio
started as an experimental effects-based library by the same team that was =
working on Multicore
OCaml. We did not initially plan on upstreaming effects with OCaml 5.0. How=
ever, thanks to the
efforts from the multicore team and OCaml core developers, effect handlers =
shipped with OCaml 5.0
(making it one of the first mainstream languages to do so). This presented =
the opportunity to
develop effect-based concurrency libraries for OCaml, and Eio was the first=
 of the lot..

    


    
Find more about the journey of Eio in this post –  Eio 1.0 Release: Introducing a new
Effects-Based I/O Library for
OCaml

    


    
This is the beginning of the journey towards effect-based schedulers! We ar=
e keen to hear from you
all to shape up what would be Eio 2.0.

    


    
If you're looking to get started with Eio, the
READ=
ME is a good place to start.
Additionally, @talex5's video introduction,
and t=
utorial to port your Lwt applications to
Eio serve as good primers.

    


    
I'd like to thank all the contributors for their work and users for their t=
houghtful feedback. As
always, happy to hear feedback about Eio.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    ppx_minidebug 1.3.0: toward a logging framework
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-minide=
bug-1-3-0-toward-a-logging-framework/14213/3

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
Happy to announce ppx_minidebug 1.5.0. It should soon propagate to the opam=
 repository. Two new
features since 1.4.0:

    

      

    • [%log_entry header_string; body...] syntax to explicitly c=
reate log subtrees without polluting with source location information. Note=
 that if you want the source location you could always do let _for_de=
bug : type... =3D body... in....
      • 

    • 
Minimalistic flame graphs. Example:

      



      

      3D=

      

      


      
(Note that the output is very configurable, e.g. by default the at el=
apsed time information is
not printed.)

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Academic OCaml Users Testimonials!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/academic-ocaml-users-testimonia=
ls/14338/1

    

    

    

    Claire Vandenberghe announced
    

    

    
Are you an academic user of OCaml?

    


    
By sharing your testimonial, you're not only showcasing your expertise and =
experience but also
contributing to the OCaml community.

    


    
Your insights can help prospective users understand the academic value of O=
Caml and inspire them
to explore its potential further.

    


    
Your testimonial will be featured on our academic user page, inspiring othe=
rs to explore OCaml's
potential.=20

    


    
Tell us:

    


      

    1. Your name and academic affiliation.
      2. 

    2. A brief description of how you=E2=80=99ve used OCaml in your academic e=
ndeavors.
      3. 

    3. Your thoughts on the benefits and challenges of using OCaml.
      4. 

    


    
Thanks

    


    
OCaml.org Team

    

    

    

    

    UnixJunkie then replied
    

    

    
Some years ago, I wrote a testimonial in an invited paper:

    


    
Chemoinformatics and structural bioinformatics in OCaml
https://jcheminf.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13321-019-0332-=
0

    

    

    

    

    

    Volunteers for ICFP 2024 Artifact Evaluation Committee (AEC)

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/volunt=
eers-for-icfp-2024-artifact-evaluation-committee-aec/14355/1

    

    

    

    Beno=C3=AEt Montagu announced
    

    

    
Dear all,

    


    
We are looking for motivated people to be members of the ICFP 2024
Artifact Evaluation Committee (AEC). Students, researchers and people
from the industry or the free software community are all welcome. The
artifact evaluation process aims to improve the quality and
reproducibility of research artifacts for ICFP papers. In case you
want to nominate someone else (students, colleagues, etc.), please
send them the nomination form.

    


    
Nomination form:
  https://forms.gle/KJAjtDz=
hm5VLxjVf9

    


    
Deadline for nominations:
  Mon April 8th 2024

    


    
For more information, see the AEC webpage:
  https://icfp24.sigplan.org/track/icfp-2024-artifact-evaluation

    


    
The primary responsibility of committee members is to review the
artifacts submitted corresponding to the already conditionally
accepted papers in the main research track. In particular, run the
associated tool or benchmark, check whether the results in the paper
can be reproduced, and inspect the tool and the data.

    


    
We expect evaluation of one artifact to take about a full day. Each
committee member will receive 2 to 3 artifacts to review.

    


    
All of the AEC work will be done remotely/online. The AEC will work in
June, with the review work happening between June 5th and July 5th.

    


    
Come join us in improving the quality of research in our field!

    


    
Best,
the Artifact Evaluation chairs: Quentin Sti=C3=A9venart and Beno=C3=AEt Mon=
tagu

    

    

    

    

    

    First beta release for OCaml 5.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-beta-release-for-ocaml-5=
-2-0/14356/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Nearly two months after the first alpha release, the release of OCaml 5.2.0=
 is drawing near.

    


    
We have thus released a first beta version of OCaml 5.2.0 to help you updat=
e your softwares and
libraries ahead of the release (see below for the installation instructions=
).

    


    
Compared to the alpha release, this beta contains a majority of runtime sys=
tem fixes, and a
handful of other fixes across many subsystems.

    


    
Overall, the opam ecosystem looks in a good shape for the first beta releas=
e.
Most core development tools support OCaml 5.2.0 or have compatibility patch=
 under review (for
odoc and ocamlformat), and you can follow the las=
t remaining wrinkles on the
opam read=
iness for 5.2.0 meta-issue.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue
tracker.

    


    
Currently, the release is planned for the end of April or the beginning of =
May.

    


    
If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the new OCa=
ml version, the
updated change log for OCaml 5.2.0 is available on
GitHub.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1:

    


    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.2.0~beta1

    

    


    
The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

    



    

      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      


      

      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.2.0~beta1+options &=
lt;option_list>

      

      


      
where option_list is a space-separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a
flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

      


      

      opam switch create 5.2.0~beta1+flambda+nffa oc=
aml-variants.5.2.0~beta1+options
ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      

      


      
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Changes since the first alpha
    

    

    

      

    • Runtime System Fixes
      

      

        

      • #12875, #12879, #12882: Execute preemptiv=
e systhread switching as a
delayed pending action. This ensures that one can reason within the
FFI that no mutation happens on the same domain when allocating on
the OCaml heap from C, consistently with OCaml 4. This also fixes
further bugs with the multicore systhreads implementation.
(Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni, bug reports and suggestion by Mark
 Shinwell, review by Nick Barnes and Stephen Dolan)
        • 


      • #12876: Por=
t ThreadSanitizer support to Linux on POWER
(Miod Vallat, review by Tim McGilchrist)
        • 


      • #12678, #12898: free chann=
el buffers on close rather than on finalization
(Damien Doligez, review by Jan Midtgaard and Gabriel Scherer, report
 by Jan Midtgaard)
        • 


      • #12915: Por=
t ThreadSanitizer support to Linux on s390x
(Miod Vallat, review by Tim McGilchrist)
        • 


      • #12914: Sli=
ghtly change the s390x assembly dialect in order to build with
Clang's integrated assembler.
(Miod Vallat, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 


      • #12897: fix=
 locking bugs in Runtime_events
(Gabriel Scherer and Thomas Leonard,
 review by Olivier Nicole, Vincent Laviron and Damien Doligez,
 report by Thomas Leonard)
        • 


      • #12860: Fix=
 an assertion that wasn't taking into account the possibility of an
ephemeron pointing at static data.
(Mark Shinwell, review by Gabriel Scherer and KC Sivaramakrishnan)
        • 


      • #11040, #12894: Silence fa=
lse data race observed between caml_shared_try_alloc
and oldify. Introduces macros to call tsan annotations which help annotate
a ~~happens before'' relationship.
(Hari Hara Naveen S and Olivier Nicole,
 review by Gabriel Scherer and Miod Vallat)
        • 


      • #12919: Fix=
 register corruption in caml_callback2_asm on s390x.
(Miod Vallat, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 


      • #12969: Fix=
 a data race in caml_darken_cont
(Fabrice Buoro and Olivier Nicole, review by Gabriel Scherer and Miod Valla=
t)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Standard Library Fix
      

      

        

      • #12677, #12889: make Domai=
n.DLS thread-safe
(Gabriel Scherer, review by Olivier Nicole and Damien Doligez,
 report by Vesa Karvonen)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Type System Fix
      

      

        

      • #12924, #12930: Rework pac=
kage constraint checking to improve interaction with
immediacy
(Chris Casinghino and Florian Angeletti, review by Florian Angeletti and
 Richard Eisenberg)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Compiler User-Interface Fix
      

      

        

      • #12971, #12974: fix an unc=
aught Ctype.Escape exception on some
invalid programs forming recursive types.
(Gabriel Scherer, review by Florian Angeletti, report by Neven Villani)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Build System Fixes
      

      

        

      • #12198, #12321, #12586, #12616, #12706, #13048: continue the merge of the sub-makefile=
s into the root Makefile started with #11243, #11248, #11268, #1=
1420 and #11675=
. (S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer, review by David Allsopp and Florian Angelet=
ti)
        • 


      • #12768, #13030: Detect min=
gw-w64 coupling with GCC or LLVM, detect clang-cl,
and fix C compiler feature detection on macOS.
(Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Miod Vallat and S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer)


      • #13019: Rem=
ove linking instructions for the Unix library from threads.cma
(this was done for threads.cmxa in OCaml 3.11). Eliminates warnings from
new lld when using threads.cma of duplicated libraries.
(David Allsopp, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)
        • 


      • #12758, #12998: Remove the=
 Marshal.Compression flag to the
Marshal.to_* functions.  The compilers are still able to use
ZSTD compression for compilation artefacts.
This is a forward port and clean-up of the emergency fix that was introduce=
d
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Compiler Internals Fix
      

      

        

      • #12389, #12544, #12984, +#12987: centralize the handling=
 of metadata for
compilation units and artifacts in preparation for better unicode support f=
or
OCaml source files.
(Florian Angeletti, review by Vincent Laviron and Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 26 to April
02, 2024.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Odoc 3.0 planning
OCaml Platform Newsletter: February 2024
Your Feedback Needed on OCaml Home Page Wireframe!
OCaml Workshop 2024 at ICFP =E2=80=93 announcement and call for proposals
down.0.2.0 and omod.0.4.0
stdlib-random 1.2
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Odoc 3.0 planning
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  Archive: 


Jon Ludlam announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For many years we've had a team here at Tarides working away on Odoc,
  quietly adding new features, fixing bugs, speeding things up and
  generally enabling OCaml package mantainers to write good
  documentation. Up until recently, those improvements have mostly been
  incremental, but with the recent addition of some larger new features
  like search and source rendering we've found we need to think a bit
  more broadly and consider how these changes will fit into the larger
  ecosystem. We're also thinking of how to extend the abilities of Odoc
  to handle more structure in the documentation, with better support for
  images, an improved sidebar, and a better ability to link to the docs
  of other packages.

  We've therefore started the process that's going to lead to Odoc 3.0,
  which will involve not only work on odoc itself, but also on
  ocaml.org, the documentation pipeline that produces the docs for
  ocaml.org, dune, and odig. It's being done incrementally, so we've
  started with the core issues of how to structure your docs, how to do
  references both within the docs and across packages, what the output
  file structure will look like and how the breadcrumbs will reflect
  that. What we've posted so far is by no means the final version, and
  we'd love to get feedback on the suggestions we've got so far. Getting
  this right is surprisingly complicated, so the more people we have
  thinking about it, the better our chances of success!

  So if you're interested in writing or reading docs, I encourage you to
  head on over to [the discussion] we've just started on [ocaml/odoc]
  and join in the conversation!


[the discussion] 

[ocaml/odoc] 


OCaml Platform Newsletter: February 2024
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the tenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

  In this February 2024 edition, we are excited to bring you the latest
  on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting recent
  developments as seen in [previous editions]. To understand the
  direction we're headed, especially regarding development workflows and
  user experience improvements, check out our [roadmap].

  *Highlights:*
  =E2=80=A2 The OCaml Platform tools have added support for OCaml 5.2. It's
    available in the temporary releases
    =E2=80=A2 [`Merlin 4.14-502~preview'] (@voodoos (Tarides))
    =E2=80=A2 [`Ocaml-lsp-server 1.18.0~5.2preview'] (@voodoos (Tarides))
    =E2=80=A2 [`Ppxlib 0.32.1~5.2preview'] (@NathanReb (partly funded by the
      OCaml Software Foundation)).

  *Releases:*
  =E2=80=A2 [UTop 2.14.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Merlin 4.14]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.14.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Ppxlib 0.31.2]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.13.1]


[previous editions] 

[roadmap] 

[`Merlin 4.14-502~preview']


[`Ocaml-lsp-server 1.18.0~5.2preview']


[`Ppxlib 0.32.1~5.2preview']


[UTop 2.14.0] 

[Merlin 4.14] 

[Dune 3.14.0] 

[Ppxlib 0.31.2] 

[Dune 3.13.1] 

*[Dune]* Exploring Package Management in Dune ([W4])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @rgrinberg (Tarides), @Leonidas-from-XIV (Tarides),
   @gridbugs (Tarides), @kit-ty-kate (Tarides), @Alizter

  *Why:* Unify OCaml tooling under a single command line for all
  development workflows. This addresses one of the most important pain
  points [reported by the community].

  *What:* Prototyping the integration of package management into Dune
  using opam as a library. We're introducing a `dune pkg lock' command
  to generate a lock file and enhancing `dune build' to handle
  dependencies in the lock file. More details in the [Dune RFC].

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 One of the main remaining blockers to make Dune package managem=
ent
    usable in real world project is to make some of the low level
    dependencies, notably OCamlFind and the OCaml compiler,
    relocatable. =E2=80=93 [ocaml/ocamlfind#72]
  =E2=80=A2 We experimented with a Coq-platform patch to make OCamlFind
    relocatable, but we faced issues with packages using `topkg' due to
    `ocamlbuild' build failures. This led to identifying an error with
    directory symlink handling in Dune [ocaml/dune#9873],
    [ocaml/dune#9937]
  =E2=80=A2 To track the buildability of opam packages with Dune package
    management, we worked on a GitHub action that effectively provides
    us with a dashboard of opam packages coverage on a select set of
    packages. The repository is available at
    [gridbugs/dune-pkg-dashboard].
  =E2=80=A2 Based on the findings from the above, several issues were opene=
d on
    the Dune issue tracker. All the known issues are now tracked in the
    [Package Management MVP] milestone on Dune's issue tracker.
  =E2=80=A2 We also focused on improving features that were previously
    implemented. Noteworthy changes include the addition of [workspace
    package pins] and enhancements for correct path handling in packages
    =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#9940]
  =E2=80=A2 Work included updates and refactorings to improve source fetchi=
ng,
    particularly the removal of a rudimentary Git config parser in favor
    of using `git config' directly ([ocaml/dune#9905]), and enhancements
    to how Dune handles Git repositories, such as the checking out of
    Git repos via `rev_store' ([ocaml/dune#10060]).
  =E2=80=A2 Contributions also focused on refining and testing Dune's packa=
ge
    handling, including a fix to ensure that opam's untar code is not
    used ([ocaml/dune#10085]), and improvements to Dune's handling of
    recursive submodules in Git repos ([ocaml/dune#10130]).


[W4] 

[reported by the community]


[Dune RFC] 

[ocaml/ocamlfind#72] 

[ocaml/dune#9873] 

[ocaml/dune#9937] 

[gridbugs/dune-pkg-dashboard]


[Package Management MVP]


[workspace package pins] 

[ocaml/dune#9940] 

[ocaml/dune#9905] 

[ocaml/dune#10060] 

[ocaml/dune#10085] 

[ocaml/dune#10130] 


*[opam]* Native Support for Windows in opam 2.2 ([W5])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @rjbou (OCamlPro), @kit-ty-kate (Tarides), @dra27
   (Tarides), @AltGr (OCamlPro)

  *Why:* Enhance OCaml's viability on Windows by integrating native opam
  and `opam-repository' support, fostering a larger community, and more
  Windows-friendly packages.

  *What:* Releasing opam 2.2 with native Windows support, making the
   official `opam-repository' usable on Windows platforms.

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 Addressed the issue where the Windows loader would display bloc=
king
    dialogue boxes upon failing to find DLLs, adhering to best practices
    by suppressing these dialogs, and opting for exit codes
    instead. This enhancement eliminates disruptive interruptions,
    ensuring a more seamless operation for automated tasks and CI
    environments. =E2=80=93 [#5828]
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed shell detection issues when opam is invoked via Cygwin's
    `/usr/bin/env', enhancing compatibility and user experience for
    those utilising Cygwin alongside `cmd' or PowerShell. =E2=80=93 [#5797]
  =E2=80=A2 Recommend Developer Mode on Windows. To optimise storage and al=
ign
    with best practices, Developer Mode is recommended for enabling
    symlink support. =E2=80=93 [#5831]
  =E2=80=A2 Resolved issues related to environment variable handling,
    specifically fixing bugs where updates or additions to environment
    variables would incorrectly remove or alter them. =E2=80=93 [#5837]
  =E2=80=A2 Addressed early loading of git location information, particular=
ly
    benefiting Windows users by ensuring correct retrieval and
    application of git-related configurations. =E2=80=93 [#5842]
  =E2=80=A2 Disabled ACL in Cygwin. By setting `noacl' in `/etc/fstab' for
    `/cygdrive' mount, this change avoids permission mismatch errors,
    enhancing reliability and usability for Cygwin users. =E2=80=93 [#5796]
  =E2=80=A2 Introduced the ability to define the package manager path at
    initialisation, improving customisation and integration capabilities
    for Windows users. =E2=80=93 [#5847]
  =E2=80=A2 Added `winsymlinks:native' to the Cygwin environment variable,
    improving compatibility within the Cygwin ecosystem. =E2=80=93 [#5793]
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed script generation issues related to path quoting, ensuring
    smoother initialisation and setup processes, especially in
    mixed-environment scenarios like Cygwin. =E2=80=93 [#5841]
  =E2=80=A2 Corrected the precedence and handling of `git-location'
    configurations during initialisation, streamlining Git integration
    and providing clearer control over Git settings. =E2=80=93 [#5848]
  =E2=80=A2 Extended the use of eval-variables to internal Cygwin installat=
ions
    and adjusted the setup to better accommodate Windows-specific
    requirements, enhancing flexibility and system compiler
    integration. =E2=80=93 [#5829]


[W5] 

[#5828] 

[#5797] 

[#5831] 

[#5837] 

[#5842] 

[#5796] 

[#5847] 

[#5793] 

[#5841] 

[#5848] 

[#5829] 


*[=E2=80=8B`odoc'=E2=80=8B]* Unify OCaml.org and Local Package Documentatio=
n ([W25])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @panglesd
   (Tarides), Luke Maurer (Jane Street)

  *Why:* Improving local documentation generation workflow will help
  package authors write better documentation for their packages, and
  consolidating the different `odoc' documentation generators will help
  make continuous improvements to `odoc' available to a larger audience.

  *What:* We will write conventions that drivers must follow to ensure
  that their output will be functional. Once established, we will update
  the Dune rules to follow these rules, access new `odoc' features
  (e.g., source rendering), and provide similar functionalities to
  docs.ocaml.org (a navigational sidebar, for instance). This will
  effectively make Dune usable to generate OCaml.org package
  documentation.

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 Work continued on the design for the new `odoc' drivers convent=
ions
    shared by Dune and OCaml.org, and we plan to publish the RFC in
    March.
  =E2=80=A2 We also started comparing and prototyping various approaches to=
 add
    sidebar support to `odoc'. Several prototypes have been developed
    and discussed with the team, and we will resume work on the sidebar
    implementation once the driver conventions have been adopted.


[W25]



*[=E2=80=8B`odoc'=E2=80=8B]* Add Search Capabilities to `odoc' ([W25])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @panglesd (Tarides), @EmileTrotignon (Tarides),
   @julow (Tarides), @jonludlam (Tarides)

  *Why:* Improve usability and navigability in OCaml packages
  documentation, both locally and on OCaml.org, by offering advanced
  search options like type-based queries.

  *What:* Implementing a search engine interface in `odoc', complete
  with a UI and a search index. Additionally, we're developing a default
  client-side search engine based on Sherlodoc.

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 The implementation and refinement of sherlodoc's integration wi=
th
    odoc were our major focuses, this included making sherlodoc pass
    opam CI on different architectures and adjusting the dune rules for
    better usability =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#9956]
  =E2=80=A2 After the big sherlodoc PR was merged and sherlodoc released la=
st
    month, work continued on refining the dune rules for sherlodoc and
    on adjusting the search bar's scope based on discussions with the
    team.
  =E2=80=A2 We implemented keyboard navigation in the search bar to improve=
 its
    usability =E2=80=93 [ocaml/odoc#1088]


[W25]


[ocaml/dune#9956] 

[ocaml/odoc#1088] 


*[=E2=80=8B`odoc'=E2=80=8B]* Improving `odoc' Performance ([W25])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @gpetiot
   (Tarides)

  *Why:* Address performance issues in `odoc', particularly for
  large-scale documentation, to enhance efficiency and user experience
  and unlock local documentation generation in large code bases.

  *What:* Profiling `odoc' to identify the main performance bottlenecks
   and optimising `odoc' with the findings.

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 Performance improvements were achieved by addressing issues with
    source location lookups for non-existent identifiers, significantly
    improving link time for large codebases.
  =E2=80=A2 Several PRs from the module-type-of work were opened, including
    fixes and tests aimed at enhancing `odoc''s handling of transitive
    library dependencies, shape lookup, and module-type-of expansions =E2=
=80=93
    [ocaml/odoc#1078], [ocaml/odoc#1081]
  =E2=80=A2 Improve the efficiency of finding `odoc' files in accessible pa=
ths,
    cutting the time to generate documentation by two in some of our
    tests =E2=80=93 [ocaml/odoc#1075]


[W25]


[ocaml/odoc#1078] 

[ocaml/odoc#1081] 

[ocaml/odoc#1075] 


*[Merlin]* Support for Project-Wide References in Merlin ([W19])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @voodoos (Tarides)

  *Why:* Enhance code navigation and refactoring for developers by
  providing project-wide reference editor features, aligning OCaml with
  the editor experience found in other languages.

  *What:* Introducing `ocamlmerlin server occurrences' and LSP
  `textDocument/references' support, extending compiler's Shapes for
  global occurrences and integrating these features in Dune, Merlin, and
  OCaml LSP.

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 Continued investigations and improvements on Dune rules to addr=
ess
    configuration issues
  =E2=80=A2 After adding support for OCaml 5.2 to `merlin-lib', we've rebas=
ed
    the project-wide occurrences work over it.
  =E2=80=A2 We also started work with the Jane Stree team to test project w=
ide
    references at scale in their monorepo. Following our initial
    integration, we focused on refining Merlin's indexing and occurrence
    query capabilities, including addressing bottlenecks and regressions
    in shape reductions =E2=80=93 [ocaml/ocaml#13001]


[W19] 

[ocaml/ocaml#13001] 


*[Merlin]* Improving Merlin's Performance ([W19])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @pitag (Tarides), @Engil (Tarides)

  *Why:* Some Merlin queries have been shown to scale poorly in large
  codebases, making the editor experience subpar. Users report that they
  sometimes must wait a few seconds to get the answer. This is obviously
  a major issue that hurts developer experience, so we're working on
  improving Merlin performance when it falls short.

  *What:* Developing benchmarking tools and optimising Merlin's
  performance through targeted improvements based on profiling and
  analysis of benchmark results.

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 In `merlin-lib', we've continued the work on a prototype to pro=
cess
    the buffer in parallel with the query computation. Parallelism
    refers to OCaml 5 parallelism (domains).


[W19] 


Your Feedback Needed on OCaml Home Page Wireframe!
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Claire Vandenberghe announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm reaching out to ask for a few minutes of your time to review the
  wireframe designs for the OCaml Home, Industrial, and Academic pages.

  After conducting user interviews with OCaml enthusiasts, we've
  gathered valuable insights on what information newcomers find most
  helpful when visiting the OCaml home.

  As a result, we've been working on restructuring these three major
  pages to better cater to user needs.

  (*Please note that these wireframes primarily focus on navigation,
  layout, and content, rather than the User Interface (UI).*)

  Your feedback is crucial at this stage, so please feel free to leave
  comments directly on Figma, via email, or let's schedule a quick call
  to discuss. Thank you for taking part in this review.

  *Figma Link*:
  


OCaml Workshop 2024 at ICFP =E2=80=93 announcement and call for proposals
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sonja Heinze announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This year, [ICFP] (the International Conference on Functional
  Programming) is going to take place in beautiful Milan.

  

  Such as every year since 2012, on the last day of that conference,
  i.e. on *September 7th (Saturday)*, we'll hold a workshop on
  OCaml. The workshop is intended to cover all different kinds of
  aspects of the OCaml programming language as well as the OCaml
  ecosystem and its community, such as scientific and/or
  research-oriented, engineering and/or user-oriented, as well as social
  and/or community-oriented.


[ICFP] 

Call for talk proposals
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The [call for talk proposals] for the workshop is open.


[call for talk proposals]


=E2=97=8A Dates

  Here are the important dates:

  =E2=80=A2 Talk proposal submission deadline: May 30th (Thursday)
  =E2=80=A2 Author notification: July 4th (Thursday)
  =E2=80=A2 Workshop: September 7th (Saturday)


=E2=97=8A Submissions

  Submissions are typically around 2 pages long (flexible), describing
  the motivations of the work and what the presentation would be about.

  We encourage everyone who might be interested in giving a talk to
  submit a proposal! We truly mean everyone, and also have strongly
  anyone in mind who belongs to a group that's traditionally
  underrepresented at OCaml workshops, e.g. due to your gender(s) or
  non-gender, where you're from or based or whatever other kinds of
  characteristics you might have. You should all be able to find all
  information you'll need to submit a proposal on the official [call for
  talk proposals]. However, if you have any question, don't hesitate to
  ask us.


  [call for talk proposals]
  


=E2=97=8A Quota on accepted talks per affiliation

  Even though none of us is a fan of quotas, last year's workshop
  experimented with a quota of a maximum of four talks given by speakers
  with the same company/university/institute affiliation. In order to
  guarantee a coverage of a diverse range of topics and perspectives,
  we'll experiment with the same affiliation quota again.

  Do not hesitate to submit your talk proposal in any case: quotas, if
  needed, will be taken into account by the PC after reviewing all
  submissions, so there's no reason to self-select upfront.


About the workshop itself
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  So far, we've only talked about talk proposals and formalities. The
  really exciting part will be the workshop itself! It's going to be a
  whole-day workshop and, similarly to previous years, it's likely going
  to have four sessions of about four talks each. It's a rather informal
  and interactive environment, where people engage in all kinds of
  conversations about OCaml during the breaks and after the workshop.


=E2=97=8A Hybrid attendance and cost for speakers

  We're aiming to make the workshop hybrid with the same streaming
  modalities as last year, meaning that *talks as well as participation
  can be either in-person or remote*, and *remote attendance will be
  free*. To promote a good atmosphere, communication and engagement, we
  prefer to have most talks in-person, but remote talks will be most
  welcome as well.

  We know that giving the talk in-person comes with an economic
  cost. We're very happy to announce that thanks to the [OCaml Software
  Foundation], *registration fees will be covered for speakers* in case
  they can't get them funded by other means (e.g. their employer).

  We will do our best to provide the best workshop experience possible
  for remote participants, within the constraints of the hybrid
  format. While attending in-person does come with advantages, it also
  comes with an environmental cost, and we strongly support
  transitioning to a less plane-intensive organization for conferences
  and community events :deciduous_tree: .


  [OCaml Software Foundation] 


=E2=97=8A Related events

  The day before the OCaml workshop, i.e. Sep 6th (Friday), is the day
  of the [ML workshop], with focus on more theoretical aspects of OCaml
  and the whole family of ML languages in general. The ML workshop [has
  already been announced on the OCaml discuss] and tends to be very
  interesting for OCaml lovers as well.

  We're looking forward to the the talk submissions and to the workshop!
  Let us know if you have any questions.  @Armael and @pitag


  [ML workshop] 

  [has already been announced on the OCaml discuss]
  


down.0.2.0 and omod.0.4.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's my pleasure to announce new releases for [down] and [omod] which
  provide a nice `ocaml' toplevel user experience upgrade. Simply add to
  your `.ocamlinit':

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 #use "down.top"
  =E2=94=82 #use "omod.top"=20
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  And enjoy all the benefits you can learn about in the [down manual]
  and in the [omod tutorial].

  These are mainly maintenance releases but if you ever though that down
  was a bit slow when pasting code, it now (well for almost two years=E2=80=
=A6)
  implements [bracketed pastes]. Thanks to @emillon for the reference.


[down] 

[omod] 

[down manual] 

[omod tutorial] 

[bracketed pastes] 


stdlib-random 1.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The library `stdlib-random' is a small compatibility library that
  provides compiler-independent implementations of the PRNGs used in the
  history of the standard library `Random':

  =E2=80=A2 stdlib-random.v3: implement the PRNG used in OCaml 3.07 to 3.11
  =E2=80=A2 stdlib-random.v4: implement the PRNG used in OCaml 3.12 to 4.14
  =E2=80=A2 stdlib-random.v5: implement the PRNG currently used in OCaml 5
  =E2=80=A2 stdlib-random.v5o: implement the PRNG currently used in OCaml 5=
 in
    pure OCaml

  This library is targeted toward programs that need a deterministic and
  stable behaviour of the `Random' module across OCaml versions.

  The newly released version 1.2.0 updates all implementations to
  provide the new `int_in_range' function (and its `int32_in_range',
  `nativeint_in_range', `int64_in_range' variants) that will be
  available in OCaml 5.2.0.

  Note however that the implementations on the pre-OCaml 5 PRNGs are not
  optimal, since I prioritised the maintenance cost over performance,
  but that could be changed if required.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [NetHSM: Bringing Open Source to the World of Hardware Security
    Modules]
  =E2=80=A2 [Frama-Clang v0.0.15 for Frama-C 28.0 Nickel]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[NetHSM: Bringing Open Source to the World of Hardware Security Modules]


[Frama-Clang v0.0.15 for Frama-C 28.0 Nickel]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 26 to April 02,=
 2024.

    



    

    Odoc 3.0 planning
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/odoc-3-0-planning/14360/1

    

    

    

    Jon Ludlam announced
    

    

    
For many years we've had a team here at Tarides working away on Odoc, quiet=
ly adding new features, fixing bugs, speeding things up
and generally enabling OCaml package mantainers to write good documentation=
. Up until recently, those improvements have mostly been
incremental, but with the recent addition of some larger new features like =
search and source rendering we've found we need to think a
bit more broadly and consider how these changes will fit into the larger ec=
osystem. We're also thinking of how to extend the
abilities of Odoc to handle more structure in the documentation, with bette=
r support for images, an improved sidebar, and a better
ability to link to the docs of other packages.

    


    
We've therefore started the process that's going to lead to Odoc 3.0, which=
 will involve not only work on odoc itself, but also on
ocaml.org, the documentation pipeline that produces the docs for ocaml.org,=
 dune, and odig. It's being done incrementally, so we've
started with the core issues of how to structure your docs, how to do refer=
ences both within the docs and across packages, what the
output file structure will look like and how the breadcrumbs will reflect t=
hat. What we've posted so far is by no means the final
version, and we'd love to get feedback on the suggestions we've got so far.=
 Getting this right is surprisingly complicated, so the
more people we have thinking about it, the better our chances of success!

    


    
So if you're interested in writing or reading docs, I encourage you to head=
 on over to the
discussion we've just started on ocaml/odoc and
join in the conversation!

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Platform Newsletter: February 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-platform-newsletter=
-february-2024/14361/1

    

    

    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the tenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this February 2024 edition, we are excited to bring you the latest on th=
e OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting
recent developments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction
we're headed, especially regarding development workflows and user experienc=
e improvements, check out our
roadmap.

    


    
Highlights:

    
    


    
Releases:

    


    

    

    [Dune] Exploring Package Management in Dune (<=
a href=3D"https://ocaml.org/docs/platform-roadmap#w4-build-a-project">W4)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @rgrinberg (Tarides), @Leonidas-from-XIV (Tarides), =
@gridbugs (Tarides), @kit-ty-kate (Tarides), @Alizter

    


    
Why: Unify OCaml tooling under a single command line for all develop=
ment workflows. This addresses one of the most important pain
points reported by the community.

    


    
What: Prototyping the integration of package management into Dune us=
ing opam as a library. We're introducing a dune pkg lock
command to generate a lock file and enhancing dune build to ha=
ndle dependencies in the lock file. More details in the Dune
RFC.

    


    
Activities:

    

      

    • One of the main remaining blockers to make Dune package management usab=
le in real world project is to make some of the low level dependencies, not=
ably OCamlFind and the OCaml compiler, relocatable. – ocaml/ocamlfind#72
      • 

    • We experimented with a Coq-platform patch to make OCamlFind relocatable=
, but we faced issues with packages using topkg due to o=
camlbuild build failures. This led to identifying an error with dire=
ctory symlink handling in Dune ocaml/dune#9873, ocaml/dune#9937
      • 

    • To track the buildability of opam packages with Dune package management=
, we worked on a GitHub action that effectively provides us with a dashboar=
d of opam packages coverage on a select set of packages. The repository is =
available at gri=
dbugs/dune-pkg-dashboard.
      • 

    • Based on the findings from the above, several issues were opened on the=
 Dune issue tracker. All the known issues are now tracked in the Package Management MVP milestone on Dune'=
s issue tracker.
      • 

    • We also focused on improving features that were previously implemented.=
 Noteworthy changes include the addition of workspace package pins and enhancements for corre=
ct path handling in packages – ocaml/dune#9940
      • 

    • Work included updates and refactorings to improve source fetching, part=
icularly the removal of a rudimentary Git config parser in favor of using <=
code>git config directly (ocaml/dune#9905), and enhancements to how Dune handles Git re=
positories, such as the checking out of Git repos via rev_store (ocaml/dune#10060).
      • 

    • Contributions also focused on refining and testing Dune's package handl=
ing, including a fix to ensure that opam's untar code is not used (ocaml/dune#10085), and im=
provements to Dune's handling of recursive submodules in Git repos (ocaml/dune#10130).
      • 

    

    

    

    

    [opam] Native Support for Windows in opam 2.2 =
(W5)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @rjbou (OCamlPro), @kit-ty-kate (Tarides), @dra27 (T=
arides), @AltGr (OCamlPro)

    


    
Why: Enhance OCaml's viability on Windows by integrating native opam=
 and opam-repository support, fostering a larger community,
and more Windows-friendly packages.

    


    
What: Releasing opam 2.2 with native Windows support, making the off=
icial opam-repository usable on Windows platforms.

    


    
Activities:

    

      

    • Addressed the issue where the Windows loader would display blocking dia=
logue boxes upon failing to find DLLs, adhering to best practices by suppre=
ssing these dialogs, and opting for exit codes instead. This enhancement el=
iminates disruptive interruptions, ensuring a more seamless operation for a=
utomated tasks and CI environments. – #5828
      • 

    • Fixed shell detection issues when opam is invoked via Cygwin's /u=
sr/bin/env, enhancing compatibility and user experience for those ut=
ilising Cygwin alongside cmd or PowerShell. – #5797
      • 

    • Recommend Developer Mode on Windows. To optimise storage and align with=
 best practices, Developer Mode is recommended for enabling symlink support=
. – #5831

    • Resolved issues related to environment variable handling, specifically =
fixing bugs where updates or additions to environment variables would incor=
rectly remove or alter them. – #5837
      • 

    • Addressed early loading of git location information, particularly benef=
iting Windows users by ensuring correct retrieval and application of git-re=
lated configurations. – #5842
      • 

    • Disabled ACL in Cygwin. By setting noacl in /etc/fst=
ab for /cygdrive mount, this change avoids permission m=
ismatch errors, enhancing reliability and usability for Cygwin users.  =
13; #5796
      • 

    • Introduced the ability to define the package manager path at initialisa=
tion, improving customisation and integration capabilities for Windows user=
s. – #5847

    • Added winsymlinks:native to the Cygwin environment variabl=
e, improving compatibility within the Cygwin ecosystem. – #5793
      • 

    • Fixed script generation issues related to path quoting, ensuring smooth=
er initialisation and setup processes, especially in mixed-environment scen=
arios like Cygwin. – #5841
      • 

    • Corrected the precedence and handling of git-location conf=
igurations during initialisation, streamlining Git integration and providin=
g clearer control over Git settings. – #5848
      • 

    • Extended the use of eval-variables to internal Cygwin installations and=
 adjusted the setup to better accommodate Windows-specific requirements, en=
hancing flexibility and system compiler integration. – #5829
      • 

    

    

    

    

    [=E2=80=8Bodoc=E2=80=8B] Unify OC=
aml.org and Local Package Documentation (W25)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @panglesd (T=
arides), Luke Maurer (Jane Street)

    


    
Why: Improving local documentation generation workflow will help pac=
kage authors write better documentation for their packages,
and consolidating the different odoc documentation generators =
will help make continuous improvements to odoc available to a
larger audience.

    


    
What: We will write conventions that drivers must follow to ensure t=
hat their output will be functional. Once established, we
will update the Dune rules to follow these rules, access new odoc features (e.g., source rendering), and provide similar
functionalities to docs.ocaml.org (a navigational sidebar, for instance). T=
his will effectively make Dune usable to generate
OCaml.org package documentation.

    


    
Activities:

    

      

    • Work continued on the design for the new odoc drivers conv=
entions shared by Dune and OCaml.org, and we plan to publish the RFC in Mar=
ch.
      • 

    • We also started comparing and prototyping various approaches to add sid=
ebar support to odoc. Several prototypes have been developed a=
nd discussed with the team, and we will resume work on the sidebar implemen=
tation once the driver conventions have been adopted.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    [=E2=80=8Bodoc=E2=80=8B] Add Sear=
ch Capabilities to odoc (W25)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @panglesd (Tarides), @EmileTrotignon (Tarides), @jul=
ow (Tarides), @jonludlam (Tarides)

    


    
Why: Improve usability and navigability in OCaml packages documentat=
ion, both locally and on OCaml.org, by offering advanced
search options like type-based queries.

    


    
What: Implementing a search engine interface in odoc, c=
omplete with a UI and a search index. Additionally, we're developing a
default client-side search engine based on Sherlodoc.

    


    
Activities:

    

      

    • The implementation and refinement of sherlodoc's integration with odoc =
were our major focuses, this included making sherlodoc pass opam CI on diff=
erent architectures and adjusting the dune rules for better usability  =
13; ocaml/dune#9956=

      • 

    • After the big sherlodoc PR was merged and sherlodoc released last month=
, work continued on refining the dune rules for sherlodoc and on adjusting =
the search bar's scope based on discussions with the team.
      • 

    • We implemented keyboard navigation in the search bar to improve its usa=
bility – ocaml/o=
doc#1088
      • 

    

    

    

    

    [=E2=80=8Bodoc=E2=80=8B] Improvin=
g odoc Performance (W25)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @gpetiot (Ta=
rides)

    


    
Why: Address performance issues in odoc, particularly f=
or large-scale documentation, to enhance efficiency and user experience
and unlock local documentation generation in large code bases.

    


    
What: Profiling odoc to identify the main performance b=
ottlenecks and optimising odoc with the findings.

    


    
Activities:

    

      

    • Performance improvements were achieved by addressing issues with source=
 location lookups for non-existent identifiers, significantly improving lin=
k time for large codebases.
      • 

    • Several PRs from the module-type-of work were opened, including fixes a=
nd tests aimed at enhancing odoc's handling of transitive libr=
ary dependencies, shape lookup, and module-type-of expansions –  ocaml/odoc#1078, ocaml/odoc#1081
      • 

    • Improve the efficiency of finding odoc files in accessible=
 paths, cutting the time to generate documentation by two in some of our te=
sts – ocaml/odoc=
#1075
      • 

    

    

    

    

    [Merlin] Support for Project-Wide References i=
n Merlin (W19)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @voodoos (Tarides)

    


    
Why: Enhance code navigation and refactoring for developers by provi=
ding project-wide reference editor features, aligning OCaml
with the editor experience found in other languages.

    


    
What: Introducing ocamlmerlin server occurrences and LS=
P textDocument/references support, extending compiler's Shapes=
 for
global occurrences and integrating these features in Dune, Merlin, and OCam=
l LSP.

    


    
Activities:

    

      

    • Continued investigations and improvements on Dune rules to address conf=
iguration issues
      • 

    • After adding support for OCaml 5.2 to merlin-lib, we've re=
based the project-wide occurrences work over it.
      • 

    • We also started work with the Jane Stree team to test project wide refe=
rences at scale in their monorepo. Following our initial integration, we fo=
cused on refining Merlin's indexing and occurrence query capabilities, incl=
uding addressing bottlenecks and regressions in shape reductions – <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/13001">ocaml/ocaml#13001<=
/li>

    

    

    

    

    [Merlin] Improving Merlin's Performance (W19)

    

    
Contributed by: @pitag (Tarides), @Engil (Tarides)

    


    
Why: Some Merlin queries have been shown to scale poorly in large co=
debases, making the editor experience subpar. Users report
that they sometimes must wait a few seconds to get the answer. This is obvi=
ously a major issue that hurts developer experience, so
we're working on improving Merlin performance when it falls short.

    


    
What: Developing benchmarking tools and optimising Merlin's performa=
nce through targeted improvements based on profiling and
analysis of benchmark results.

    


    
Activities:

    

      

    • In merlin-lib, we've continued the work on a prototype to =
process the buffer in parallel with the query computation. Parallelism refe=
rs to OCaml 5 parallelism (domains).
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Your Feedback Needed on OCaml Home Page Wireframe!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/your-feedback-n=
eeded-on-ocaml-home-page-wireframe/14366/1

    

    

    

    Claire Vandenberghe announced
    

    

    
I'm reaching out to ask for a few minutes of your time to review the wirefr=
ame designs for the OCaml Home, Industrial, and Academic
pages.

    


    
After conducting user interviews with OCaml enthusiasts, we've gathered val=
uable insights on what information newcomers find most
helpful when visiting the OCaml home.

    


    
As a result, we've been working on restructuring these three major pages to=
 better cater to user needs.=20

    


    
(Please note that these wireframes primarily focus on navigation, layout=
, and content, rather than the User Interface (UI).)

    


    
Your feedback is crucial at this stage, so please feel free to leave commen=
ts directly on Figma, via email, or let's schedule a quick
call to discuss. Thank you for taking part in this review.=20

    


    
Figma Link:
https://www.figma.com/file/eLNSdvayxqvvfBsRsdbJXN/OCaml-Home-Page=
?type=3Ddesign&node-id=3D5%3A2500&mode=3Ddesign&t=3DhHclskuVpoO=
zKP2u-1

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Workshop 2024 at ICFP – announcement and call for=
 proposals
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/o=
caml-workshop-2024-at-icfp-announcement-and-call-for-proposals/14371/1

    

    

    

    Sonja Heinze announced
    

    

    
This year, ICFP (the Internatio=
nal Conference on Functional Programming) is going to take place in
beautiful Milan.

    



    

    3D"rJIS7LPAT.j=

    

    


    
Such as every year since 2012, on the last day of that conference, i.e. on =
September 7th (Saturday), we'll hold a workshop on
OCaml. The workshop is intended to cover all different kinds of aspects of =
the OCaml programming language as well as the OCaml
ecosystem and its community, such as scientific and/or research-oriented, e=
ngineering and/or user-oriented, as well as social and/or
community-oriented.

    

    

    

    Call for talk proposals
    

    

    
The =
call for talk proposals for the workshop is open.

    

    

      

    • Dates
      

      

      
Here are the important dates:

      


        

      • Talk proposal submission deadline: May 30th (Thursday)
        • 

      • Author notification: July 4th (Thursday)
        • 

      • Workshop: September 7th (Saturday)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Submissions
      

      

      
Submissions are typically around 2 pages long (flexible), describing the mo=
tivations of the work and what the presentation would be
about.

      


      
We encourage everyone who might be interested in giving a talk to submit a =
proposal! We truly mean everyone, and also have strongly
anyone in mind who belongs to a group that's traditionally underrepresented=
 at OCaml workshops, e.g. due to your gender(s) or
non-gender, where you're from or based or whatever other kinds of character=
istics you might have. You should all be able to find all
information you'll need to submit a proposal on the official call for talk
proposals. However, if you have any question, don't hesitate to ask us.

      

      

      • 

    • Quota on accepted talks per affiliation
      

      

      
Even though none of us is a fan of quotas, last year's workshop experimente=
d with a quota of a maximum of four talks given by
speakers with the same company/university/institute affiliation. In order t=
o guarantee a coverage of a diverse range of topics and
perspectives, we'll experiment with the same affiliation quota again.

      


      
Do not hesitate to submit your talk proposal in any case: quotas, if needed=
, will be taken into account by the PC after reviewing all
submissions, so there's no reason to self-select upfront.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    About the workshop itself
    

    

    
So far, we've only talked about talk proposals and formalities. The really =
exciting part will be the workshop itself! It's going to
be a whole-day workshop and, similarly to previous years, it's likely going=
 to have four sessions of about four talks each. It's a
rather informal and interactive environment, where people engage in all kin=
ds of conversations about OCaml during the breaks and
after the workshop.

    

    

      

    • Hybrid attendance and cost for speakers
      

      

      
We're aiming to make the workshop hybrid with the same streaming modalities=
 as last year, meaning that talks as well as
participation can be either in-person or remote, and remote attendan=
ce will be free. To promote a good atmosphere,
communication and engagement, we prefer to have most talks in-person, but r=
emote talks will be most welcome as well.

      


      
We know that giving the talk in-person comes with an economic cost. We're v=
ery happy to announce that thanks to the =
OCaml Software
Foundation, registration fees will be covered for speakers in ca=
se they can't get them funded by other
means (e.g. their employer).

      


      
We will do our best to provide the best workshop experience possible for re=
mote participants, within the constraints of the hybrid
format. While attending in-person does come with advantages, it also comes =
with an environmental cost, and we strongly support
transitioning to a less plane-intensive organization for conferences and co=
mmunity events :deciduous_tree: .

      

      

      • 

    • Related events
      

      

      
The day before the OCaml workshop, i.e. Sep 6th (Friday), is the day of the=
 ML
workshop, with focus on more theoretical aspects of OCaml and the whole=
 family of
ML languages in general. The ML workshop h=
as already been announced on the OCaml
discuss and tends to be very
interesting for OCaml lovers as well.

      


      
We're looking forward to the the talk submissions and to the workshop!
Let us know if you have any questions.
@Armael and @pitag

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    down.0.2.0 and omod.0.4.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-down-0-2-0-and-omod-0-4-0/14380=
/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
It's my pleasure to announce new releases for down and
omod which provide a nic=
e ocaml toplevel user experience upgrade. Simply add to your
.ocamlinit:=20

    


    #use "down.top"
#use "omod.top"=20

    


    
And enjoy all the benefits you can learn about in the down manual and in the
omod tutor=
ial.

    


    
These are mainly maintenance releases but if you ever though that down was =
a bit slow when pasting code, it now (well for almost two
years=E2=80=A6) implements bracketed pastes. Thanks to @emillon for the reference.

    

    

    

    

    

    stdlib-random 1.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-stdlib-random-1-2/14381/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The library stdlib-random is a small compatibility library tha=
t provides compiler-independent implementations of the PRNGs used in
the history of the standard library Random:

    


      

    • stdlib-random.v3: implement the PRNG used in OCaml 3.07 to 3.11
      • 

    • stdlib-random.v4: implement the PRNG used in OCaml 3.12 to 4.14
      • 

    • stdlib-random.v5: implement the PRNG currently used in OCaml 5
      • 

    • stdlib-random.v5o: implement the PRNG currently used in OCaml 5 in pure=
 OCaml
      • 

    


    
This library is targeted toward programs that need a deterministic and stab=
le behaviour of the Random module across OCaml versions.

    


    
The newly released version 1.2.0 updates all implementations to provide the=
 new int_in_range function (and its int32_in_range,
nativeint_in_range, int64_in_range variants)  tha=
t will be available in OCaml 5.2.0.

    


    
Note however that the implementations on the pre-OCaml 5 PRNGs are not opti=
mal, since I prioritised the maintenance cost over
performance, but that could be changed if required.

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 02 to 09,
2024.

Table of Contents
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=80

moonpool 0.6
sqids 0.1.0
OCaml Retreat at Auroville, India (March 10th - March 15th)
Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
OCaml.org Newsletter: March 2024
Opam 102: Pinning Packages, by OCamlPro
dune 3.15
Ocsigen: summary of recent releases
Js_of_ocaml 5.7
Eio Developer Meetings
Ocaml developer at Routine, Paris
dream-html 3.0.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


moonpool 0.6
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  Archive: 


Simon Cruanes announced
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  Dearest friends of the dual hump,

  I'm happy to announce the release of [moonpool 0.6]. Moonpool is a
  library of schedulers and concurrency primitives for OCaml 4.xx and
  5.xx, based on threads (possibly spread on multiple domains). Previous
  release announcements ([0.5], [0.4], [0.3], [0.2], [0.1]) contain more
  details.

  This release is fairly large and contains some new libraries. The
  biggest improvement is the addition of `moonpool.fib' (OCaml 5 only):
  it defines lightweight _fibers_ with structured concurrency, where the
  fibers can run on a thread pool chosen by the user.  Fibers also come
  with fiber-local storage and a notion of cancellation that is
  propagated to children fibers. Overall, fibers are a nicer abstraction
  than bare futures (especially with monadic combinators). There are
  currently no cooperative IO primitives provided by the scheduler but I
  have plans.

  Another new, more experimental library is `moonpool-lwt' (OCaml 5
  only) which allows for interoperability between Lwt and moonpool: a
  moonpool future (or fiber) can be turned into a Lwt promise; and it
  becomes possible to `await' a Lwt promise from moonpool, in a
  thread-safe way.

  Docs:
  =E2=80=A2 [moonpool]
  =E2=80=A2 [moonpool-lwt]


[moonpool 0.6] 

[0.5] 

[0.4] 

[0.3] 

[0.2] 

[0.1] 

[moonpool] 

[moonpool-lwt]



sqids 0.1.0
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  Archive: 


Leo Soares announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce the first release (0.1.0) of the [official OCaml
  port of Sqids].

        Sqids (pronounced "squids") is an open-source library that
        lets you generate short unique identifiers from
        numbers. These IDs are URL-safe, can encode several
        numbers, and do not contain common profanity words.

  


[official OCaml port of Sqids] 


OCaml Retreat at Auroville, India (March 10th - March 15th)
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=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sudha Parimala announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to share the experience report from the first OCaml Retreat:
  .  Thanks
  to all the participants for contributing to the magic of the event. We
  hope to run more such retreats in the future!


Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
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  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am delighted to announce the release of `miou.0.1.0'. This release
  is undoubtedly the culmination and synthesis of the work of several
  individuals to offer a library that best fits our needs. We're quite
  convinced by the API we're proposing and quite happy with the
  implementation. As such, we're coming out of beta to offer version
  0.1.0. Above all, this means that the API will change very little, and
  the library is now ready for use. However, we are not yet in 1.0.0
  because we would like to give you time to use Miou, to observe
  possible bugs, and to give us time to correct these possible bugs in
  order to prepare version 1.0.0 with peace of mind. You can install the
  package via OPAM (it will be available soon):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install miou
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We would sincerely like to thank all individuals who have contributed,
  whether directly or indirectly, to the project.

  Furthermore, this new version of Miou builds upon the excellent work
  of @polytypic and his [picos] project. We have incorporated certain
  elements that are suitable for implementing a scheduler, and we hope
  that our efforts will lead to a certain standardization of the effects
  used by different schedulers in OCaml.

  This rewrite has been carried out while trying to maintain the same
  semantics and API as what we offered in version `0.0.1~beta2'
  (however, it is the nature of a beta to potentially break
  versions). This rewrite culminated in the reimplementation of an [HTTP
  client and server] (supporting http/1.1 or h2 with TLS which can
  handle [200k req/sec]) as well as our good old [happy-eyeballs]
  example. Moreover, the outcome of these implementations is more
  satisfying to us than their previous versions. At least for now,
  considering the various changes our cooperative has embarked on=C2=B9, we
  will not yet release them.

  We also took the time to integrate a version of the priority queue
  verified using [Why3]. We would like to thank @Armael and
  @backtracking (as well as the individuals who contributed to and
  maintained the [Vocal] project) for their assistance.

  Finally, I would like to personally thank the [Robur] cooperative for
  providing me with the necessary time to evolve this project.

  This release further confirms what we aim to offer to users, and in
  this regard, we have taken the time to write a small book explaining
  the use of Miou. This can also be seen as an introduction to
  asynchronous programming and effects. It is available [here] and is
  part of the Miou distribution.

  For any questions or assistance, we are available via email, this
  forum, or Discord.

  Happy hacking!

  *=C2=B9*: As explained in [this article], we try to replace `Cstruct.t' by
  `string' and it requires obviously a deep change across severals
  packages.


[picos] 

[HTTP client and server] 

[200k req/sec]


[happy-eyeballs] 

[Why3] 

[Vocal] 

[Robur] 

[here] 

[this article]



OCaml.org Newsletter: March 2024
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the March 2024 edition of the OCaml.org newsletter! This
  update has been compiled by the OCaml.org team. You can find [previous
  updates] on Discuss.

  Our goal is to make OCaml.org the best resource for anyone who wants
  to get started and be productive in OCaml. The OCaml.org newsletter
  provides an update on our progress towards that goal and an overview
  of the changes we are working on.

  We couldn't do it without all the amazing OCaml community members who
  help us review, revise, and create better OCaml documentation.  Your
  feedback enables us to better prioritise our work. Thank you!

  This newsletter covers:
  =E2=80=A2 *OCaml Cookbook:* A prototype of an OCaml cookbook that provides
     short code examples that solve practical problems using packages
     from the OCaml ecosystem is on staging.ocaml.org/cookbook.
  =E2=80=A2 *Dark Mode:* We enabled the dark mode on all pages of OCaml.org,
     based on your operating system / browser settings.
  =E2=80=A2 *Community & Marketing Pages Rework:* We are seeking feedback on
     wireframes for the community section and for the marketing-related
     pages.
  =E2=80=A2 *General Improvements:* As usual, we also worked on general
     maintenance and improvements based on user feedback, so we're
     highlighting some of our work below.


[previous updates] 

Open Issues for Contributors
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  You can find [open issues for contributors here]!


[open issues for contributors here]



Upcoming OCaml Cookbook
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We're in the process of adding a community-driven section to the Learn
  area: the OCaml Cookbook. This cookbook is designed as a collection of
  recipes, offering code samples for tackling real-world tasks using
  packages from the OCaml ecosystem. It's a practical effort to enrich
  our learning resources, making them more applicable and useful for our
  community.

  This month, our focus shifted towards finalizing the cookbook for
  release. This includes
  =E2=80=A2 restructuring the directory structure and placement of recipe f=
iles,
    and
  =E2=80=A2 adding tasks to the cookbook, so that you can contribute recipe=
s for
    these tasks (we took inspiration from the excellent [Rust
    Cookbook]).

  It will always be possible to propose more tasks for the OCaml
  Cookbook. The main criteria here are:
  1. task must require more than just a single Standard Library function
     call to solve,
  2. task must be focused on common problems that occur when trying to
     build products,
  3. if in doubt, make the task more specific, instead of more generic.

  A good place to give feedback on the cookbook is [this discuss
  thread].

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 [(WIP) Cookbook compression / decompression] by @F-Loyer
  =E2=80=A2 [Cookbook : fix in Lwt (type mismatch with iter_s/iter_p functi=
ons)]
    by @F-Loyer
  =E2=80=A2 [Update 00-caqti-ppx-rapper.ml - fix caqti-driver-sqlite ->
    caqti-driver-sqlite3] by @F-Loyer


[Rust Cookbook] 

[this discuss thread]


[(WIP) Cookbook compression / decompression]


[Cookbook : fix in Lwt (type mismatch with iter_s/iter_p functions)]


[Update 00-caqti-ppx-rapper.ml - fix caqti-driver-sqlite ->
caqti-driver-sqlite3] 


Dark Mode Released
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  We're happy to anounce that we shipped the Dark Mode for
  OCaml.org. Dark mode is activated based on your operating system /
  browser settings. If you see anything wrong, please open an issue and
  include the URL on which you're seeing a problem.

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 [Announce Dark Mode on Discuss]
  =E2=80=A2 [Add Preliminary Dark Mode for Package Documentation] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [Fix: dark text color on blue background] by @amarachigoodness74
  =E2=80=A2 [(dark mode) adjust breadcrumbs text color] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [(ui) Activate Dark Mode] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [Correctly invert text on "Is OCaml Web" page] by @SquidDev
  =E2=80=A2 [fix: add missing darkmode styles for in-package search results=
] by
    @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [Remove legacy tailwind colors and styles, tidy up darkmode col=
ors]
    by @sabine


[Announce Dark Mode on Discuss]


[Add Preliminary Dark Mode for Package Documentation]


[Fix: dark text color on blue background]


[(dark mode) adjust breadcrumbs text color]


[(ui) Activate Dark Mode] 

[Correctly invert text on "Is OCaml Web" page]


[fix: add missing darkmode styles for in-package search results]


[Remove legacy tailwind colors and styles, tidy up darkmode colors]



Homepage & Marketing Pages Rework
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The Home page project kicked off with an analysis of user surveys and
  interviews, and the development of an initial wireframe for the
  homepage and the "Industrial Users" and "Academic Users" pages.

  We've been [reaching out to the community on Discuss] and Twitter to
  find what people say about OCaml, so we can give a bit more context
  through testimonials on the "Academic Users" page.

  Besides this, we've been [asking on Twitter for ideas for the main
  tagline of the homepage]

  You can comment on the wireframes in Figma [here].

  If you have opinions on the homepage, feel free to share them in [this
  discuss thread]!


[reaching out to the community on Discuss]


[asking on Twitter for ideas for the main tagline of the homepage]


[here]


[this discuss thread]



Community Section Rework
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This week, we focused on creating wireframes for the Event, Job,
  Internship, and Workshop pages, followed by soliciting feedback from
  the community via Discuss. Concurrently, work commenced on the UI
  design for the Community Landing page, as well as the Event and Job
  pages.

  We also made some improvements to the Events section on the Community
  page. This involves better treatment of start/end times of events, as
  well as listing more upcoming events.

  If you have opinions on the community section, feel free to share them
  in [this discuss thread]!

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 Invite people to add events to events directory:
    
  =E2=80=A2 [Improve Events Directory] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [Fix template bug on upcoming events list] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [Make clear upcoming event time is UTC] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 Data contributed to events:
    =E2=80=A2 [(data) Add S-REPLS event] by @sabine
    =E2=80=A2 [(data) fix wrong date on event] by @sabine
    =E2=80=A2 [(data) Add OCaml Retreat Auroville] by @D8kTwoXfSUWLdpXruFrQ=
iw
    =E2=80=A2 [(data) add OCaml Manila Meetup] by @sabine


[this discuss thread]


[Improve Events Directory]


[Fix template bug on upcoming events list]


[Make clear upcoming event time is UTC]


[(data) Add S-REPLS event]


[(data) fix wrong date on event]


[(data) Add OCaml Retreat Auroville]


[(data) add OCaml Manila Meetup]



Outreachy Application Period & Internship
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In March, OCaml.org hosted the application period for one [Outreachy
  internship] on creating an interactive experience for solving OCaml
  exercises.

  The process of selecting an Outreachy intern involved creating and
  managing 15 issues, reviewing 61 pull requests from 8 applicants.  The
  tasks were similar in nature and dealt with restructuring the
  exercises to enable an interactive experience, adding test cases and
  solutions (where missing).

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 [Create practice folder] by @cuihtlauac
  =E2=80=A2 [Sort exercises by slug before emitting template] by @csaltachin
  =E2=80=A2 Turning exercises into practice @Ozyugoo, @mnaibei,
    @divyankachaudhari, @Kxrishx03, @maha-sachin, @MissJae, @jahielkomu,
    @Appleeyes


[Outreachy internship] 

[Create practice folder] 

[Sort exercises by slug before emitting template]



General Improvements and Data Additions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 (WIP) we're moving the OCaml Language Manual from v2.ocaml.org =
to
    ocaml.org
  =E2=80=A2 set up dlvr.it to automatically post RSS feed items from OCaml
    Planet and OCaml Changelog to new ocaml_org Twitter account
  =E2=80=A2 [Link to recently added videos on watch.ocaml.org] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [Change twitter account from OCamlLang to ocaml_org] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [fix: small improvements on news.eml] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 [is yet category slug] by @cuihtlauac
  =E2=80=A2 [Add a badge from the green web foundation to the carbon footpr=
int
    page] by @0xrotense
  =E2=80=A2 Deployment of odoc 2.4.1 to package documentation pipeline:
    =E2=80=A2 [Compatibility with odoc.2.4.1] by @gpetiot
    =E2=80=A2 [Patch for voodoo / odoc 2.4.1 upgrade] by @sabine
    =E2=80=A2 [chore: set doc url to live, after voodoo upgrade] by @sabine
  =E2=80=A2 Data:
    =E2=80=A2 [(data) add ocaml.org newsletter February] by @sabine
    =E2=80=A2 [Changelog entry for OCaml 4.14.2~rc1] by @Octachron
    =E2=80=A2 [Add dune.3.14.2 announcement] by @Leonidas-from-XIV
    =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 4.14.2 release and changelog pages] by @Octachron
    =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 4.14.2: fix release year] by @edwintorok
    =E2=80=A2 [Add Platform changelogs for February 2024] by @tmattio
    =E2=80=A2 [Changelog entry for OCaml 5.2.0~beta1] by @Octachron
    =E2=80=A2 [Add Outreachy winter 2023 round] by @patricoferris
  =E2=80=A2 Documentation:
    =E2=80=A2 [DOC: note about windows ppx_show] by @heathhenley
    =E2=80=A2 [(docs) Fix small typos] by @kenranunderscore
    =E2=80=A2 [(docs) Add link for instances of Array] by @rmeis06
    =E2=80=A2 [Linking exercise to tutorials] by @rmeis06
    =E2=80=A2 [Explain why t-first works with labels ] by @mikhailazaryan
    =E2=80=A2 [Document that begin =E2=80=A6 end use] by @rmeis06
    =E2=80=A2 [Use uniform syntax for eval steps] by @cuihtlauac
    =E2=80=A2 [Linking mentions of atomic module to doc] by @rmeis06
    =E2=80=A2 [Linking Bigarray references] by @rmeis06
    =E2=80=A2 [(docs) fix example in 'Libraries With Dune'] by @0xRamsi
    =E2=80=A2 [Fix typo in 4ad_01_operators.md] by @vog
    =E2=80=A2 [(docs) Use DkML 2.1.0] by @jonahbeckford


[Link to recently added videos on watch.ocaml.org]


[Change twitter account from OCamlLang to ocaml_org]


[fix: small improvements on news.eml]


[is yet category slug] 

[Add a badge from the green web foundation to the carbon footprint page]


[Compatibility with odoc.2.4.1]


[Patch for voodoo / odoc 2.4.1 upgrade]


[chore: set doc url to live, after voodoo upgrade]


[(data) add ocaml.org newsletter February]


[Changelog entry for OCaml 4.14.2~rc1]


[Add dune.3.14.2 announcement]


[OCaml 4.14.2 release and changelog pages]


[OCaml 4.14.2: fix release year]


[Add Platform changelogs for February 2024]


[Changelog entry for OCaml 5.2.0~beta1]


[Add Outreachy winter 2023 round]


[DOC: note about windows ppx_show]


[(docs) Fix small typos] 

[(docs) Add link for instances of Array]


[Linking exercise to tutorials]


[Explain why t-first works with labels ]


[Document that begin =E2=80=A6 end use]


[Use uniform syntax for eval steps]


[Linking mentions of atomic module to doc]


[Linking Bigarray references]


[(docs) fix example in 'Libraries With Dune']


[Fix typo in 4ad_01_operators.md]


[(docs) Use DkML 2.1.0] 


Opam 102: Pinning Packages, by OCamlPro
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Greetings Cameleers,

  Here=E2=80=99s another heads up for all opam users: [Opam 102: Pinning
  Packages], our latest blog post breaking down opam for the community;
  as a keen eye would have already guessed, today's subject is package
  pinning!

  We hope that this may be useful to anybody curious about getting
  acquainted with opam's pins. This article is made for whom wonders how
  they work and when they are useful to be aware of.

  Hoping that it may serve as a reference for all newcomers to the
  ecosystem.

  We appreciate and are thankful for every reader, we welcome all your
  feedback, right here, in this thread. :smile:

  Kind regards, The OCamlPro Team


[Opam 102: Pinning Packages]



dune 3.15
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Marek Kubica announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're happy to announce that Dune 3.15.0 is now available. This
  feature has many fixes and new features that you can find in the
  changelog.

  There are a few new features that we would like to specially
  highlight.


Removal of previous limitations in many forms
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Prior to Dune 3.15 there were a number of limitations where percent
  forms like `%{env:...}' could be used to expand to useful values.  In
  this release, @rgrinberg put some effort to relax a lot of these
  restrictions where possible.

  In the new version some of these limitations have been lifted, so for
  example `{env:...}' can be used in `install' stanzas ([#10160]).

  Likewise there was no consistency where `%{cma:...}' or `%{cmo:...}'
  could be used. With [#10169], these forms should work consistently
  everywhere.

  Similarly the variables allowed in `enabled_if' fields have been
  expanded in [#10250], from just allowing variables that can be
  computed from the context to now allowing all variables as long as
  expanding these variables does not introduce dependency cycles.

  These relaxed rules can also be combined to enable a library depending
  on environment variables, e.g. `(enabled_if
  %{env:ENABLE_LIBFOO=3Dfalse}))'.


[#10160] 

[#10169] 

[#10250] 


Overlapping names in different contexts
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Continuing the theme of conditionally enabling or disabling code to be
  built, @jchavarri and @rgrinberg's work on [#10220] makes it possible
  to have overlapping names between `executable' and `melange.emit'
  targets. This can be useful when a name is to be shared in different
  contexts (e.g. one context with native compilation and one emitting
  code for the browser).


[#10220] 


Properly output UTF-8 encoded text when formatting
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Dune does not assume an encoding of dune files, however when files
  were formatted the formatter would err on the safe side and escape
  bytes outside the ASCII range. This means that UTF-8 characters
  outside of ASCII would get escaped into decimal escape sequences.

  This was especially annoying in places where the user would write
  natural language texts, which is common when defining Opam packages in
  `dune-project' files. For example a discussion of a paper by Paul
  Erd=C5=91s, Peter Frankl, Vojt=C4=9Bch R=C3=B6dl would upon reformatting =
be turned
  into Paul Erd\\197\\145s, Peter Frankl, Vojt\\196\\155 R\\195\\182,
  which does a disservice to these scientists and is hard to read.

  Thanks to the work of @moyodiallo in [#9728] starting with Dune 3.15
  the original encoding will be preserved, so your package descriptions
  will be more readable.


[#9728] 


Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Added

  =E2=80=A2 Add link flags to to `ocamlmklib' for ctypes stubs (#8784,
    @frejsoya)
  =E2=80=A2 Remove some unnecessary limitations in the expansions of percent
    forms in install stanza. For example, the `%{env:..}' form can be
    used to select files to be installed. (#10160, @rgrinberg)
  =E2=80=A2 Allow artifact expansion percent forms (`%{cma:..}', `%{cmo:..}=
',
    etc.) in more contexts. Previously, they would be randomly forbidden
    in some fields. (#10169, @rgrinberg)
  =E2=80=A2 Allow `%{inline_tests}' in more contexts (#10191, @rgrinberg)
  =E2=80=A2 Remove limitations on percent forms in the `(enabled_if ..)' fi=
eld
    of libraries (#10250, @rgrinberg)
  =E2=80=A2 Support dialects in `dune describe pp' (#10283, @emillon)
  =E2=80=A2 Allow defining executables or melange emit stanzas with the same
    name in the same folder under different contexts. (#10220,
    @rgrinberg, @jchavarri)


=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 coq: Delay Coq rule setup checks so OCaml-only packages can bui=
ld in
    hybrid Coq/OCaml projects when `coqc' is not present. Thanks to
    @vzaliva for the test case and report (#9845, fixes #9818,
    @rgrinberg, @ejgallego)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix conditional source selection with `select' on `bigarray' in
    OCaml 5 (#10011, @moyodiallo)
  =E2=80=A2 melange: fix inconsistency in virtual library
    implementation. Concrete modules within a virtual library can now
    refer to its virtual modules too (#10051, fixes #7104, @anmonteiro)
  =E2=80=A2 melange: fix a bug that would cause stale `import' paths to be
    emitted when moving source files within `(include_subdirs ..)'
    (#10286, fixes #9190, @anmonteiro)
  =E2=80=A2 Dune file formatting: output utf8 if input is correctly encoded
    (#10113, fixes #9728, @moyodiallo)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix expanding dependencies and locks specified in the cram
    stanza. Previously, they would be installed in the context of the
    cram test, rather than the cram stanza itself (#10165, @rgrinberg)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix bug with `dune exec --watch' where the working directory wo=
uld
    always be set to the project root rather than the directory where
    the command was run (#10262, @gridbugs)
  =E2=80=A2 Regression fix: sign executables that are promoted into the sou=
rce
    tree (#10263, fixes #9272, @emillon)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix crash when decoding dune-package for libraries with
    `(include_subdirs qualified)' (#10269, fixes #10264, @emillon)


Changed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Remove the `--react-to-insignificant-changes' option. (#10083,
    @rgrinberg)


Ocsigen: summary of recent releases
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Vincent Balat announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Eliom 10.4:
  =E2=80=A2 Basic client-server distillery template: sqlite is now the defa=
ult
    backend
  =E2=80=A2 Basic template now has license unlicense
  =E2=80=A2 Basic template fixes
  =E2=80=A2 Compatibility with Tyxml >=3D 4.6.0 (by Vincent Laporte)

  Ocsigen Start 6.3
  =E2=80=A2 Adding license Unlicense to the template
  =E2=80=A2 Dependecy to Tyxml >=3D 4.6


Js_of_ocaml 5.7
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Hhugo announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Js_of_ocaml 5.7.2 was released recently. It adds missing primitives
  required by OCaml 5.2.0~beta


Eio Developer Meetings
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Sudha Parimala announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Following the release of Eio 1.0
  (),
  Eio goes into maintenance mode for a bit. We've decided to pause the
  Eio developer meetings until further notice. Meanwhile, we remain
  active on the [issue tracker] and the [matrix channel]. I encourage
  folks to try out Eio and report their findings.


[issue tracker] 

[matrix channel] 


Ocaml developer at Routine, Paris
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


mefyl announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Routine ([https://routine.co ]) is once more looking for OCaml
  developers.

  Routine is a personal productivity assistant and knowledge
  manager. The technological stack revolves heavily around OCaml which
  represents 80% of the codebase, both client and server side. The
  remaining 20% are the UIs in various frontend framework:
  =E2=80=A2 Browser and desktop (Linux/Macos/Windows) through electron, usi=
ng
    Js_of_ocaml (eyeing on WASM).
  =E2=80=A2 iOS via Swift bindings.
  =E2=80=A2 Android via JVM bindings (upcoming).

  Our technological and academic background leads us to use designs
  that, I think, can pique the interest of seasoned Ocaml developer.
  Amongst other things :

  =E2=80=A2 Type-driven programming based on ppx derivers that produces
    typescript declaration for frontend bindings, JSON schema to expose
    and consume external REST APIs (Google, Notion, =E2=80=A6), automatic S=
QL
    bindings, etc.
  =E2=80=A2 Automatic API and foreign binding generation for the different =
front
    end technology, cross compilation.
  =E2=80=A2 [Incremental ] based state updates to refresh minimal subsets o=
f the
    app.
  =E2=80=A2 Integrated graph query language to query and manipulate all the=
 app
    data, including defining custom data types and workflows.
  =E2=80=A2 Highly concurrent implementation through Lwt and Eio - migratin=
g to
    the later as we go. Exception-free design. OCaml 5 with all the
    goodies.
  =E2=80=A2 Angstrom based parsing for the interactive console with highlig=
hting
    and completion.
  =E2=80=A2 Everything is very much library-oriented, with loads of reusabl=
e and
    scaffolded packages. Most of the work is intended to be open
    sources, or already has been published.
  =E2=80=A2 An obsession for compile-time checks and type safety.

  We use state of the art CI/CD and development processes. Salary is up
  to market standard depending on the profile, plus usual options
  package, to be discussed. We have a preference for presential work in
  our Paris 11th office (Charonne, 3 days a week) to help foster team
  spirit but we won't pass on talented remote individuals.

  We're looking to extend the team with talented and passionate
  engineers who see the global picture and will work through all layers
  of the project to see it succeed and create something we're proud
  of. While we expect great OCaml and general computer science
  proficiency, we=E2=80=99re open to most levels of experience. Thoroughnes=
s and
  a love for well rounded, robust and beautiful software design is a
  must have - but that comes bundled with OCaml love, right ?

  Do not hesitate to reach out for any question here, at
  [quentin.hocquet@routine.co]() or
  refer this to someone who may be interested.

  Thanks for your time and happy hacking !


[https://routine.co ] 

[Incremental ] 


dream-html 3.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Yawar Amin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [ANN] dream-html 3.3.1

  Add `to_xml' and `pp_xml' functions to render in XML style

  Normally, dream-html defaults to rendering nodes in HTML style,
  meaning that void elements are rendered just like opening tags. Eg
  `
    '. With the new `to_xml' and `pp_xml' functions, we can now
  render nodes in XML style, meaning `
    '. This allows XML parsers
  to successfully parse the output. So eg you can use dream-html to
  author an ePub book.

  Escape URI attributes like `href' with normal attribute escaping rules
  in addition to percent-encoding. Most significantly, ampersands are
  encoded now, eg `/foo?a=3D1&b=3D2' is rendered as `/foo?a=3D1&b=3D2'.

  Change where line breaks are inserted into the output markup, so that
  there is no chance of injecting spurious whitespace into the rendered
  page. This gives complete control over whitespace to the user.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Updates to OCaml.org's Learn Section: Enhancing UI and UX]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Updates to OCaml.org's Learn Section: Enhancing UI and UX]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 02 to 09, 2024.

    



    

    moonpool 0.6
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-moonpool-0-6/14424/1

    

    

    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Dearest friends of the dual hump,

    


    
I'm happy to announce the release of moonpool 0.6. Moonpool is a library of
schedulers and concurrency primitives for OCaml 4.xx and 5.xx, based on thr=
eads (possibly spread on multiple domains). Previous
release announcements (0.5,
0.4, 0.3,
0.2, 0.1) contai=
n more
details.

    


    
This release is fairly large and contains some new libraries. The biggest i=
mprovement is the addition of moonpool.fib (OCaml 5
only): it defines lightweight fibers with =
structured concurrency, where the fibers can run on a thread pool chosen by=
 the user.
Fibers also come with fiber-local storage and a notion of cancellation that=
 is propagated to children fibers. Overall, fibers are a
nicer abstraction than bare futures (especially with monadic combinators). =
There are currently no cooperative IO primitives provided
by the scheduler but I have plans.

    


    
Another new, more experimental library is moonpool-lwt (OCaml =
5 only) which allows for interoperability between Lwt and moonpool: a
moonpool future (or fiber) can be turned into a Lwt promise; and it becomes=
 possible to await a Lwt promise from moonpool, in a
thread-safe way.

    


    
Docs:

    


    

    

    

    

    sqids 0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-sqids-0-1-0/14425/1

    

    

    

    Leo Soares announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the first release (0.1.0) of the official OCaml port of Sqids.

    


    

    
Sqids (pronounced "squids") is an open-source library that lets you generat=
e short unique identifiers from numbers. These IDs are
URL-safe, can encode several numbers, and do not contain common profanity w=
ords.

    

    


    
https://opam.ocaml.org/pa=
ckages/sqids

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Retreat at Auroville, India (March 10th - March 15th)

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-retr=
eat-at-auroville-india-march-10th-march-15th/14006/4

    

    

    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to share the experience report from the first OCaml Retreat: https:/=
/ocamlretreat.org/2024/03/24/retreat-experience.html.
Thanks to all the participants for contributing to the magic of the event. =
We hope to run more such retreats in the future!

    

    

    

    

    

    Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-miou-a-simple-schedu=
ler-for-ocaml-5/12963/14

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am delighted to announce the release of miou.0.1.0. This rel=
ease is undoubtedly the culmination and synthesis of the work of
several individuals to offer a library that best fits our needs. We're quit=
e convinced by the API we're proposing and quite happy
with the implementation. As such, we're coming out of beta to offer version=
 0.1.0. Above all, this means that the API will change
very little, and the library is now ready for use. However, we are not yet =
in 1.0.0 because we would like to give you time to use
Miou, to observe possible bugs, and to give us time to correct these possib=
le bugs in order to prepare version 1.0.0 with peace of
mind. You can install the package via OPAM (it will be available soon):

    

    

    $ opam install miou

    

    


    
We would sincerely like to thank all individuals who have contributed, whet=
her directly or indirectly, to the project.

    


    
Furthermore, this new version of Miou builds upon the excellent work of @po=
lytypic and his picos<=
/a> project. We have
incorporated certain elements that are suitable for implementing a schedule=
r, and we hope that our efforts will lead to a certain
standardization of the effects used by different schedulers in OCaml.

    


    
This rewrite has been carried out while trying to maintain the same semanti=
cs and API as what we offered in version 0.0.1~beta2
(however, it is the nature of a beta to potentially break versions). This r=
ewrite culminated in the reimplementation of an HTTP
client and server (supporting http/1.1
or h2 with TLS which can handle 200k req/sec) as well as our good old happy-eyeballs=
 example. Moreover, the outcome
of these implementations is more satisfying to us than their previous versi=
ons. At least for now, considering the various changes our
cooperative has embarked on=C2=B9, we will not yet release them.

    


    
We also took the time to integrate a version of the priority queue verified=
 using Why3. We would like to thank @=
Armael and
@backtracking (as well as the individuals who contributed to and maintained=
 the Vocal project) f=
or their assistance.

    


    
Finally, I would like to personally thank the Robur cooperative for providing me with the necessary time to evolve=
 this
project.

    


    
This release further confirms what we aim to offer to users, and in this re=
gard, we have taken the time to write a small book
explaining the use of Miou. This can also be seen as an introduction to asy=
nchronous programming and effects. It is available
here and is part of the =
Miou distribution.

    


    
For any questions or assistance, we are available via email, this forum, or=
 Discord.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    


    
=C2=B9: As explained in this article, we try to replace Cstruct.=
t by string and it requires
obviously a deep change across severals packages.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml.org Newsletter: March 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-org-newsletter-march-2024/1=
4431/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the March 2024 edition of the OCaml.org newsletter! This update =
has been compiled by the OCaml.org team. You can find
previous upda=
tes on Discuss.

    


    
Our goal is to make OCaml.org the best resource for anyone who wants to get=
 started and be productive in OCaml. The OCaml.org
newsletter provides an update on our progress towards that goal and an over=
view of the changes we are working on.

    


    
We couldn't do it without all the amazing OCaml community members who help =
us review, revise, and create better OCaml documentation.
Your feedback enables us to better prioritise our work. Thank you!

    


    
This newsletter covers:

    

      

    • OCaml Cookbook: A prototype of an OCaml cookbook that provides s=
hort code examples that solve practical problems using packages from the OC=
aml ecosystem is on staging.ocaml.org/cookbook.
      • 

    • Dark Mode: We enabled the dark mode on all pages of OCaml.org, b=
ased on your operating system / browser settings.
      • 

    • Community & Marketing Pages Rework: We are seeking feedback =
on wireframes for the community section and for the marketing-related pages=
.
      • 

    • General Improvements: As usual, we also worked on general mainte=
nance and improvements based on user feedback, so we're highlighting some o=
f our work below.
      • 

    

    

    

    Open Issues for Contributors
    

    

    
You can find open issues for co=
ntributors
here!

    

    

    

    

    Upcoming OCaml Cookbook
    

    

    
We're in the process of adding a community-driven section to the Learn area=
: the OCaml Cookbook. This cookbook is designed as a
collection of recipes, offering code samples for tackling real-world tasks =
using packages from the OCaml ecosystem. It's a practical
effort to enrich our learning resources, making them more applicable and us=
eful for our community.

    


    
This month, our focus shifted towards finalizing the cookbook for release. =
This includes

    

      

    • restructuring the directory structure and placement of recipe files, an=
d
      • 

    • adding tasks to the cookbook, so that you can contribute recipes for th=
ese tasks (we took inspiration from the excellent Rust Cookbook).
      • 

    


    
It will always be possible to propose more tasks for the OCaml Cookbook. Th=
e main criteria here are:

    

      

    1. task must require more than just a single Standard Library function cal=
l to solve,
      2. 

    2. task must be focused on common problems that occur when trying to build=
 products,
      3. 

    3. if in doubt, make the task more specific, instead of more generic.
      4. 

    


    
A good place to give feedback on the cookbook is this discuss
thread.

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    Dark Mode Released
    

    

    
We're happy to anounce that we shipped the Dark Mode for OCaml.org. Dark mo=
de is activated based on your operating system / browser
settings. If you see anything wrong, please open an issue and include the U=
RL on which you're seeing a problem.

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    Homepage & Marketing Pages Rework
    

    

    
The Home page project kicked off with an analysis of user surveys and inter=
views, and the development of an initial wireframe for the
homepage and the "Industrial Users" and "Academic Users" pages.

    


    
We've been reaching out to the community on Discuss and
Twitter to find what people say about OCaml, so we can give a bit more cont=
ext through testimonials on the "Academic Users" page.

    


    
Besides this, we've been asking on Twitter for ideas for the main tagline of the
homepage

    


    
You can comment on the wireframes in Figma
here.

    


    
If you have opinions on the homepage, feel free to share them in this discuss
thread!

    

    

    

    

    Community Section Rework
    

    

    
This week, we focused on creating wireframes for the Event, Job, Internship=
, and Workshop pages, followed by soliciting feedback from
the community via Discuss. Concurrently, work commenced on the UI design fo=
r the Community Landing page, as well as the Event and Job
pages.

    


    
We also made some improvements to the Events section on the Community page.=
 This involves better treatment of start/end times of
events, as well as listing more upcoming events.

    


    
If you have opinions on the community section, feel free to share them in <=
a href=3D"https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/looking-for-ideas-for-the-community-p=
age-at-ocaml-org/14032/9">this discuss
thread!

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    Outreachy Application Period & Internship
    

    

    
In March, OCaml.org hosted the application period for one Outreachy internship on creating an
interactive experience for solving OCaml exercises.

    


    
The process of selecting an Outreachy intern involved creating and managing=
 15 issues, reviewing 61 pull requests from 8 applicants.
The tasks were similar in nature and dealt with restructuring the exercises=
 to enable an interactive experience, adding test cases
and solutions (where missing).

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    General Improvements and Data Additions
    

    

    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Opam 102: Pinning Packages, by OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-opam-102-pinning-=
packages-by-ocamlpro/14437/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers,

    


    
Here=E2=80=99s another heads up for all opam users: Opam 102: Pinning
Packages, our latest blog post breaking down opam for the
community; as a keen eye would have already guessed, today's subject is pac=
kage pinning!

    


    
We hope that this may be useful to anybody curious about getting acquainted=
 with opam's pins. This article is made for whom wonders
how they work and when they are useful to be aware of.

    


    
Hoping that it may serve as a reference for all newcomers to the ecosystem.

    


    
We appreciate and are thankful for every reader, we welcome all your feedba=
ck, right here, in this thread. :smile:=20

    


    
Kind regards,
The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    

    

    dune 3.15
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-15/14438/1

    

    

    

    Marek Kubica announced
    

    

    
We're happy to announce that Dune 3.15.0 is now available. This feature has=
 many fixes and new features that you can find in the
changelog.

    


    
There are a few new features that we would like to specially highlight.

    

    

    

    Removal of previous limitations in many forms
    

    

    
Prior to Dune 3.15 there were a number of limitations where percent forms l=
ike %{env:...} could be used to expand to useful values.
In this release, @rgrinberg put some effort to relax a lot of these restric=
tions where possible.

    


    
In the new version some of these limitations have been lifted, so for examp=
le {env:...} can be used in install stanzas
(#10160).

    


    
Likewise there was no consistency where %{cma:...} or %{=
cmo:...} could be used. With
#10169, these form=
s should work consistently everywhere.

    


    
Similarly the variables allowed in enabled_if fields have been=
 expanded in #10250, from
just allowing variables that can be computed from the context to now allowi=
ng all variables as long as expanding these variables does
not introduce dependency cycles.

    


    
These relaxed rules can also be combined to enable a library depending on e=
nvironment variables, e.g. (enabled_if
%{env:ENABLE_LIBFOO=3Dfalse})).

    

    

    

    

    Overlapping names in different contexts
    

    

    
Continuing the theme of conditionally enabling or disabling code to be buil=
t,
@jchavarri and @rgrinberg's work on #10220 makes it possible to have overlapping names
between executable and melange.emit targets. This=
 can be useful when a name is to be shared in different contexts (e.g. one
context with native compilation and one emitting code for the browser).

    

    

    

    

    Properly output UTF-8 encoded text when formatting

    

    
Dune does not assume an encoding of dune files, however when files were for=
matted the formatter would err on the safe side and escape
bytes outside the ASCII range. This means that UTF-8 characters outside of =
ASCII would get escaped into decimal escape sequences.

    


    
This was especially annoying in places where the user would write natural l=
anguage texts, which is common when defining Opam packages
in dune-project files. For example a discussion of a paper by =
Paul Erd=C5=91s, Peter Frankl, Vojt=C4=9Bch R=C3=B6dl would upon reformatti=
ng be
turned into Paul Erd\\197\\145s, Peter Frankl, Vojt\\196\\155 R\\195\\182, =
which does a disservice to these scientists and is hard to
read.

    


    
Thanks to the work of @moyodiallo in #9728 starting with Dune 3.15 the original encoding
will be preserved, so your package descriptions will be more readable.

    

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Added
      

      

        

      • Add link flags to to ocamlmklib for ctypes stubs (#8784, @=
frejsoya)
        • 

      • Remove some unnecessary limitations in the expansions of percent forms =
in install stanza. For example, the %{env:..} form can be used=
 to select files to be installed. (#10160, @rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Allow artifact expansion percent forms (%{cma:..}, %=
{cmo:..}, etc.) in more contexts. Previously, they would be randomly=
 forbidden in some fields. (#10169, @rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Allow %{inline_tests} in more contexts (#10191, @rgrinberg=
)
        • 

      • Remove limitations on percent forms in the (enabled_if ..)=
 field of libraries (#10250, @rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Support dialects in dune describe pp (#10283, @emillon)

      • Allow defining executables or melange emit stanzas with the same name i=
n the same folder under different contexts. (#10220, @rgrinberg, @jchavarri=
)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • coq: Delay Coq rule setup checks so OCaml-only packages can build in hy=
brid Coq/OCaml projects when coqc is not present. Thanks to @v=
zaliva for the test case and report (#9845, fixes #9818, @rgrinberg, @ejgal=
lego)
        • 

      • Fix conditional source selection with select on biga=
rray in OCaml 5 (#10011, @moyodiallo)
        • 

      • melange: fix inconsistency in virtual library implementation. Concrete =
modules within a virtual library can now refer to its virtual modules too (=
#10051, fixes #7104, @anmonteiro)
        • 

      • melange: fix a bug that would cause stale import paths to =
be emitted when moving source files within (include_subdirs ..) (#10286, fixes #9190, @anmonteiro)
        • 

      • Dune file formatting: output utf8 if input is correctly encoded (#10113=
, fixes #9728, @moyodiallo)
        • 

      • Fix expanding dependencies and locks specified in the cram stanza. Prev=
iously, they would be installed in the context of the cram test, rather tha=
n the cram stanza itself (#10165, @rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Fix bug with dune exec --watch where the working directory=
 would always be set to the project root rather than the directory where th=
e command was run (#10262, @gridbugs)
        • 

      • Regression fix: sign executables that are promoted into the source tree=
 (#10263, fixes #9272, @emillon)
        • 

      • Fix crash when decoding dune-package for libraries with (include_=
subdirs qualified) (#10269, fixes #10264, @emillon)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Changed
    

    

      

    • Remove the --react-to-insignificant-changes option. (#1008=
3, @rgrinberg)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Ocsigen: summary of recent releases
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocsigen-summary-of-recent-rele=
ases/13817/8

    

    

    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
Eliom 10.4:

    

      

    • Basic client-server distillery template: sqlite is now the default back=
end
      • 

    • Basic template now has license unlicense
      • 

    • Basic template fixes
      • 

    • Compatibility with Tyxml >=3D 4.6.0 (by Vincent Laporte)
      • 

    


    
Ocsigen Start 6.3

    

      

    • Adding license Unlicense to the template
      • 

    • Dependecy to Tyxml >=3D 4.6
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Js_of_ocaml 5.7
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-js-of-ocaml-5-7/14191/3

    

    

    

    Hhugo announced
    

    

    
Js_of_ocaml 5.7.2 was released recently. It adds missing primitives require=
d by OCaml 5.2.0~beta

    

    

    

    

    

    Eio Developer Meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/eio-developer-meetings/12207/5

    

    

    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
Following the release of Eio 1.0 (https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-eio-1-=
0-first-major-release/14334), Eio goes into maintenance mode
for a bit. We've decided to pause the Eio developer meetings until further =
notice. Meanwhile, we remain active on the issue
tracker and the mat=
rix channel. I encourage
folks to try out Eio and report their findings.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ocaml developer at Routine, Paris
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-ocaml-developer-at-routi=
ne-paris/14448/1

    

    

    

    mefyl announced
    

    

    
Routine (https://routine.co ) is once mo=
re looking for OCaml developers.

    


    
Routine is a personal productivity assistant and knowledge manager. The tec=
hnological stack revolves heavily around OCaml which
represents 80% of the codebase, both client and server side. The remaining =
20% are the UIs in various frontend framework:

    

      

    • Browser and desktop (Linux/Macos/Windows) through electron, using Js_of=
_ocaml (eyeing on WASM).
      • 

    • iOS via Swift bindings.
      • 

    • Android via JVM bindings (upcoming).
      • 

    


    
Our technological and academic background leads us to use designs that, I t=
hink, can pique the interest of seasoned Ocaml developer.
Amongst other things :

    


      

    • Type-driven programming based on ppx derivers that produces typescript =
declaration for frontend bindings, JSON schema to expose and consume extern=
al REST APIs (Google, Notion, =E2=80=A6), automatic SQL bindings, etc.
      • 

    • Automatic API and foreign binding generation for the different front en=
d technology, cross compilation.
      • 

    • Incremental  =
based state updates to refresh minimal subsets of the app.
      • 

    • Integrated graph query language to query and manipulate all the app dat=
a, including defining custom data types and workflows.
      • 

    • Highly concurrent implementation through Lwt and Eio - migrating to the=
 later as we go. Exception-free design. OCaml 5 with all the goodies.
      • 

    • Angstrom based parsing for the interactive console with highlighting an=
d completion.
      • 

    • Everything is very much library-oriented, with loads of reusable and sc=
affolded packages. Most of the work is intended to be open sources, or alre=
ady has been published.
      • 

    • An obsession for compile-time checks and type safety.
      • 

    


    
We use state of the art CI/CD and development processes. Salary is up to ma=
rket standard depending on the profile, plus usual options
package, to be discussed. We have a preference for presential work in our P=
aris 11th office (Charonne, 3 days a week) to help foster
team spirit but we won't pass on talented remote individuals.

    


    
We're looking to extend the team with talented and passionate engineers who=
 see the global picture and will work through all layers
of the project to see it succeed and create something we're proud of. While=
 we expect great OCaml and general computer science
proficiency, we=E2=80=99re open to most levels of experience. Thoroughness =
and a love for well rounded, robust and beautiful software design
is a must have - but that comes bundled with OCaml love, right ?

    


    
Do not hesitate to reach out for any question here, at [quentin.hocquet@rou=
tine.co](mailto:quentin.hocqu=
et@routine.co) or refer this
to someone who may be interested.

    


    
Thanks for your time and happy hacking !

    

    

    

    

    

    dream-html 3.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-3-0-0/14013/7

    

    

    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
[ANN] dream-html 3.3.1

    


    
Add to_xml and pp_xml functions to render in XML =
style

    


    
Normally, dream-html defaults to rendering nodes in HTML style, meaning tha=
t void elements are rendered just like opening tags. Eg
<br>. With the new to_xml and pp_xml<=
/code> functions, we can now render nodes in XML style, meaning <b=
r />. This allows XML parsers
to successfully parse the output. So eg you can use dream-html to author an=
 ePub book.

    


    
Escape URI attributes like href with normal attribute escaping=
 rules in addition to percent-encoding. Most significantly,
ampersands are encoded now, eg /foo?a=3D1&b=3D2 is rendere=
d as /foo?a=3D1&amp;b=3D2.

    


    
Change where line breaks are inserted into the output markup, so that there=
 is no chance of injecting spurious whitespace into the
rendered page. This gives complete control over whitespace to the user.

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 09 to 16, 2024.

    



    

    Melange 2024 Progress Update
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-melange-2024-progress-upda=
te/14457/1

    

    

    

    Antonio Nuno Monteiro announced
    

    

    
we recently shared what we've been up to around Melange & ecosystem in =
a blog post which you can find here:

    


    
https://melange.re/blog/posts/whats-2024-brought-to-melange-so-far

    


    
I hope you find the above informative. Looking forward to your thoughts.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ppxlib maintenance summary
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-maintenance-summary/14458/1

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
I recently started working on ppxlib again thanks to the OCaml Software Fou=
ndation and wanted to report back to the community all the
work their funding made possible so far along with the plan for the next st=
eps.

    


    
Know that OCSF is only funding me part time on this and that I'm open to mo=
re OCaml freelance work!

    

    

    

    Summary of the work
    

    

    

      

    • Improved error reporting
      

      

      
Ppxlib has an -embed-error flag that is most useful to merlin =
as it allows it to always get an AST out of the driver and allows it
to keep operating normally when a ppx raises a located exception (as in rai=
sed with Location.raise_errorf) as it would always get
an AST out of the driver run.

      


      
The problem with this mode was that it didn't try to recover from such exce=
ptions and would stop applying transformations. The error
was properly reported by merlin and it still had a valid AST to work with b=
ut none of the potential errors from subsequent rewriting
or code gen would be reported.
This lead to a tedious workflow where the user would fix one error, save th=
e file, see a new error reported by merlin, fix it, save,
and so on.

      


      
There was a series of PRs by @Burnleydev1 long pending review that were fix=
ing this by collecting all such exceptions while keeping
on the rewriting phases using the last valid AST or node.

      


      
I reviewed and fixed those PRs (#447,
#453 and #457) and worked on=
 a couple
fixes and improvements to error reporting related to this work.

      

      

      • 

    • Driver mode for dune
      

      

      
Dune has ongoing internal work to be able to use ppx in development. Since =
it cannot depend on ppxlib or any ppx at build time, their
solution relies on using ppxlib and ppx normally in development but using a=
lready preprocessed copies of source files that require
rewriting for bootstrapping, making their opam build ppx-free.

      


      
They require a special driver mode that writes to the output file only if a=
ny actual rewriting happened.

      


      
I worked on a first prototype of this using a pre-existing hook called for =
each generated AST node.

      

      

      • 

    • 5.2 compat on trunk-support
      

      

      
The main task since I started working on ppxlib was the 5.2 support. As OCa=
ml 5.2 is coming out soon and ppxlib is a central piece in
the OCaml ecosystem, it's important that ppxlib has a compatible version av=
ailable for testing out the new compiler. Without it, a
lot of opam packages can't be built with the alpha and beta releases of the=
 compiler because of their ppx dependencies.

      


      
ppxlib has a trunk-support branch that is meant to be kept up =
to date for such occasions. While it already contained the AST
migration from/to the 5.2 version, it was out of sync with the main branch =
of ppxlib.

      


      
I rebased the 5.2 relevant parts of the branch on top of our main branch to=
 be able to cut a first preview version with 5.2 compat
and fixed a couple of bugs and quirks in the code base that prevented the t=
est suite from running properly with the 5.2 support.

      


      
After the first release of the preview version we discovered a series of bu=
gs with the help of @kit-ty-kate, @octachron and
@anmonteiro. The most important among those being:

      

        

      • A bug in the round trip migration of the new Pexp_function=
  node from 5.2 that was causing compilation errors when the function's
        • 

      

      
return type was coerced.

      

        

      • The new syntax for ocaml.ppx.context was causing driver cr=
ashes when reading some binary ASTs. I wrote a migration for those
        • 

      

      
attributes that fixed the issue.

      

        

      • The driver was silently relying on the compiler to re-open files to dis=
play source quotation when reporting located exceptions.
        • 

      

      
Since this was removed from the compiler in 5.2, I fixed the driver to prop=
erly set Location.input_lexbuf and re-enable
source-quotation.

      

      

      • 

    • ppx_deriving maintenance
      

      

      
ppx_deriving is quite a central piece of the ppx ecosystem, es=
pecially for the set of standard derivers it provides
(pretty-printers, equality and comparison functions, etc.).

      


      
The project was lacking maintainers with enough time to review an important=
 PR migrating those standard derivers to ppxlib. This is
important because it makes those quite broadly used derivers better integra=
ted with ppxlib features and improves both performances
and error reporting for their users as they are now applied as part of the =
main ppxlib driver AST traversal.

      


      
I reviewed the PR and cleaned up the repo a bit to attempt a release, somet=
hing that has not happened for 3 years for this package.

      


      
The initial release failed for two reasons:

      

        

      • ppx_deriving.show's deriver accepts an argument that speci=
fies how the implementation should behave without impacting the
        • 

      

      
function signature. In the ppxlib port we did not register this argument fo=
r the signature deriver since it had no impact on the
generated code there. It turns out at least one opam package used the argum=
ent in an .mli file so we added it for compatibility as
ppx_deriving duplicated the set of arguments for implementatio=
n and interfaces

      

        

      • ppx_deriving used to automatically register extensions for=
 each derivers that can be used to inline the derived function for a
        • 

      

      
given type in an expression. We preserved this in the ppxlib port but it ca=
used a conflict with ppx_let. This conflict should be
resolved on ppx_let's side as they were declaring an extension=
 named map without any possible prefix such as ppx_let.m=
ap which
is the recommended way. Using a prefix allows the user to disambiguate if s=
everal ppx declare an extension with the same base name.

      


      
We had to cancel the release to fix those issues before attempting again.

      

      

      • 

    • General maintenance
      

      

      
There was also some regular maintenance such as improving our homemade expe=
ct test runner to be able to better run our tests across
all supported compiler versions, reviewing all pending PRs, upgrading ocaml=
format and cutting a release of ppxlib with the latest
features.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Next steps
    

    

    
Along with the general maintenance of the project there are two things that=
 would greatly reduce the maintenance burden on ppxlib and
would improve the state of the ecosystem for the community that we would li=
ke to work on.

    

    

      

    • Upstreaming Astlib to the compiler
      

      

      
This has been in the works for quite a long time but the previous maintaine=
rs haven't had the chance to see it through.

      


      
The plan is to upstream a small part of ppxlib into the compiler to ease th=
e release process for new compilers.

      


      
This small library should contain the minimal subset of stable API ppxlib n=
eeds to properly function and, most importantly, the AST
migrations from the current version of the compiler to the previous version=
 and back. The idea is that trunk would then provide the
migration to the latest released version at all time and ppxlib would be ab=
le to use those if it does not natively supports them yet.
That would make testing the compiler on opam work without requiring a speci=
al release of ppxlib and would also ease the migration
writing process as they would be written at the time of the AST change by t=
he person who modified it and therefore that is most
qualified to do so.

      


      
Indeed the migration writing process is time consuming at the moment becaus=
e it is done by ppxlib maintainers when the next ocaml
releasing is closing in and requires us to dive into changes we are not nec=
essarily familiar with.

      


      
During the compiler release process, ppxlib would incorporate those new mig=
ration to the entire set of migrations it supports,
allowing it to be compatible with the "new" trunk until the next release.

      


      
The core of this work is to formally write down this process and start the =
discussion with the compiler team. Once we agree on a
plan, I don't expect there is a lot of code to write for this as all of it =
already lives inside ppxlib.

      

      

      • 

    • Refining the release process for ppxlib with a=
n AST bump
      

      

      
Part of the ppxlib contract is that all ppx-es written with ppxlib must use=
 the same version of the AST chosen by ppxlib. This allows
for better performances and semantics of rewriting. This version is usually=
 the latest supported version as it is required for ppx-es
to support all the new language features. It sometimes happen that the inte=
rnal AST version lags behind if no new features
would be "unlocked" by upgrading the AST, as it has been the case since 4.1=
4.

      


      
Every now and then ppxlib has to bump its internal AST though, potentially =
breaking its API and therefore a few of its reverse
dependencies.

      


      
In the past few years, we decided to build the entire set of reverse depend=
encies every time were releasing such a change and to send
PRs to fix revdeps to help keep the ppx ecosystem sane and avoid putting to=
 much pressure on individual ppx-es maintainers.

      


      
We know that we will have to do this for the 5.3 release as it will be addi=
ng effects syntax.

      


      
The current workflow relies on building a "duniverse" i.e. some sort of lar=
ge dune-project containing ppxlib and a clone of all its
reverse dependencies. This proves quite a challenge as it is often hard to =
get everything to build together.
An ideal solution would be to rely more on opam-ci for this bu=
t in its current state it is not very reliable.

      


      
I'd like to spend some time on improving the process of building revdeps of=
 ppxlib and submitting PRs and experiment to prepare for
the next bump which will include the 5.2 changes to Pexp_function that we expect to potentially break quite a lot of reverse
dependencies.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    


    

    opam 2.2.0~beta2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-2-0-beta2/14461/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
We're very excited to announce this second beta for opam 2.2.0.

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s new in this beta?
    

    

      

    • Windows support: this beta introduces a bunch of changes necessa=
ry to be able to make the default opam-repository support Windows out of th=
e box. We will write a dedicated blog post very soon on this, once we have =
finalised the PR/branch that you can test.
      • 

    • opam-repository scalability: The current draft resolution result=
ing from the discussion in ocaml/opam-repository#23789 includes the removal of p=
ackages from opam-repository. Currently opam can misbehave (in particular o=
n macOS) when exposed to file deletions in repositories due to the use of t=
he system `patch` command. To fix this, as a stop gap, after many trials an=
d errors, opam now warns when GNU patch is not detected on your system. The=
se changes will make their way to the upcoming opam 2.1.6, in a few weeks.<=
/li>

    • Many regression fixes, performance and general improve=
ments
      • 

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and
more, and for even more details you can take a look at the release note or
the chan=
gelog.

    

    

    

    

    How to upgrade
    

    

      

    • For Windows we will write a dedicated blog post to show how to install =
and use opam on Windows very soon. Stay tuned!
      • 

    • 
On Unix-like systems, to upgrade, simply run:

      

      bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.0~beta2"

      • 

    


    
We're on the home stretch for the final release of opam 2.2.0, so feel free=
 to report any issue you encounter on our
bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Gospel 0.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-gospel-0-3-0/14480/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    
Hi! We are very happy to announce the release of gospel.0.3.0

    


    
Gospel is a tool-agnostic behavioural specification language for OCaml. It =
allows you to write strongly typed contract-based
specifications for your OCaml libraries (for a reasonable subset of OCaml).=
 Gospel=E2=80=99s syntax has been designed to be easy to learn for
an OCaml programmer. You can access the documentation here

    


    
Apart from some bug fixes, this release brings two main improvements:

    


      

    • Make the type-checker save type information in a .gospel f=
ile
      • 

    • Make the with keyword necessary when declaring type invari=
ants
      • 

    


    
Beware that ortac.0.1.0 is not compatible with this version, p=
lease use Ortac development version from the git repository until the
next Ortac release.

    

    

    

    

    

    Fred 0.1.0 - Federal Reserve Economic Data API
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-fred-0-1-0-f=
ederal-reserve-economic-data-api/14489/1

    

    

    

    Geoffrey Borough announced
    

    

    
Hi folks howdy! I just release the first version of Fred, a library for the=
 Federal Reserve Economic Data API binding. I made this to
facilitate one of my personal project but I hope others would find this lib=
rary useful in some way.

    


    
Source code: https://github.co=
m/gborough/fred

    


    
Documentation: https://gborough.github.io/fred/fred/fred/index.html

    


    
Opam repo publish on the way

    

    

    

    

    

    OCANNL 0.3.1: a from-scratch deep learning (i.e. dense tensor =
optimization) framework
    

    

    
Archive: https:/=
/discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocannl-0-3-1-a-from-scratch-deep-learning-i-e-dens=
e-tensor-optimization-framework/14492/1

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
Hi! I'm happy to announce release 0.3.1 of OCANNL, a tensor optimization fr=
amework with:

    


      

    • concise notation via PPXs,
      • 

    • powerful shape inference,
      • 

    • backpropagation (first-order automatic differentiation),
      • 

    • low-level backends – currently only one, CPU via `gccjit`, but C=
uda is on the horizon.
      • 

    


    
OCANNL is sponsored by Ahrefs. (Ahrefs
website.)

    


    
ahrefs/ocannl: OCANNL: OCaml C=
ompiles Algorithms for Neural Networks Learning (github.com)

    


    
I am not submitting it to Opam yet as OCANNL is insufficiently documented a=
t the moment. I welcome your feedback if you decide to
take a look!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 16 to 23,
2024.

Table of Contents
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=80

A second beta for OCaml 5.2.0
An implementation of purely functional double-ended queues
Feedback / Help Wanted: Upcoming OCaml.org Cookbook Feature
Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency
Ppxlib dev meetings
Ortac 0.2.0
OUPS meetup april 2024
Mirage 4.5.0 released
patricia-tree 0.9.0 - library for patricia tree based maps and sets
OCANNL 0.3.1: a from-scratch deep learning (i.e. dense tensor optimization)=
 framework
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


A second beta for OCaml 5.2.0
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Last week, we merged in the 5.2 branch of OCaml an update to the
  compiler-libs "shape" API for querying definition information from the
  compiler.

  Unfortunately, this small change of API breaks compatibility with at
  least odoc. Generally, we try to avoid this kind of changes during the
  beta releases of the compiler. However, after discussions we concluded
  that it will be easier on the long term to fix the API right now in
  order to avoid multiplying the number of supported versions of the
  shape API in the various OCaml developer tools .

  We have thus released a second beta version of OCaml 5.2.0 to give the
  time to developer tools to update their 5.2.0 version ahead of the
  release (see below for the installation instructions).

  Beyond this changes of API, the new beta contains three minor bug
  fixes and three documentation updates, which is a good sign in term of
  stability.

  As usual, you can follow the last remaining compatibility slags on the
  [opam readiness for 5.2.0 meta-issue].

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  Currently, the release is planned for the beginning of May.

  If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the
  new OCaml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.2.0 is available
  [on GitHub].


[opam readiness for 5.2.0 meta-issue]


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[on GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.2.0~beta2
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml archives at Inria]


[GitHub] 

[OCaml archives at Inria]



Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.2.0~beta2+opt=
ions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space-separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a `flambda' and `no-flat-float-array'
  switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.2.0~beta2+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.2.=
0~beta2+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Changes since the first beta
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Compiler-libs API Changes

  =E2=80=A2 [#13001]: do not read_back entire shapes to get aliases' uids w=
hen
    building the usages index (Ulysse G=C3=A9rard, review by Gabriel Scherer
    and Nathana=C3=ABlle Courant)


  [#13001] 


=E2=97=8A Bug Fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#13058]: Add TSan instrumentation to caml_call_gc(), since it =
may
    raise exceptions.  (Fabrice Buoro, Olivier Nicole, Gabriel Scherer
    and Miod Vallat)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13079]: Save and restore frame pointer across Iextcall on ARM=
64
    (Tim McGilchrist, review by KC Sivaramakrishnan and Miod Vallat)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13094]: Fix undefined behavior of left-shifting a negative nu=
mber.
    (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Miod Vallat and Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=
=A4r)


  [#13058] 

  [#13079] 

  [#13094] 


=E2=97=8A Documentation Updates

  =E2=80=A2 [#13078]: update Format tutorial on structural boxes to mention
    alignment questions.  (Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k, review by Florian Angelet=
ti)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13092]: document the existence of the `[@@poll error]' built-=
in
    attribute (Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13066], update OCAMLRUNPARAM documentation for the stack size
    parameter l (Florian Angeletti, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, =
Tim
    McGilchrist, and Miod Vallat)


  [#13078] 

  [#13092] 

  [#13066] 


An implementation of purely functional double-ended queues
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Humza Shahid announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have some code that might be useful to others here. I had the idea
  of a new purely functional implementation for double ended queues, and
  I implemented it ()[here].

  The idea is pretty simple, and it proves to be quite fast in
  benchmarks.

  The idea is to have a record containing:
  =E2=80=A2 A head array representing the start of the queue, with a limit =
on
    the number of elements it can have.
  =E2=80=A2 A tail array representing the end of the queue, also with a lim=
it on
    the number of elements it can have.
  =E2=80=A2 A balanced binary tree based on the rope data structure. (The
    internal nodes pointing to other nodes contain integer metadata
    indicating the number of elements on the left and right subtrees,
    and leaf nodes contain an array of elements.)

  When trying to insert into either the head or tail array when the
  array is at max capacity, the array is either appended or prepended to
  the tree and the array/element we wanted to insert is now either the
  head or tail.

  I was looking for some way to test the performance and adapted (this
  code)[]
  to use it, and it's pretty fast - only about 4x slower than the
  standard library's mutable queue. (Although this was really
  implemented in mind aiming for fast access time rather than fast
  insertion/removal time.)

  It has some non-standard functions for double ended queues too, like
  O(log n) insert/removal/indexing at any arbitrary location (with a
  constant that makes this faster than on a typical binary tree - a
  typical binary tree contains on element per node, increasing height,
  but this contains arrays of elements at the leaves so more data is
  packed and the height is shorter).

  Some other people might find it useful, so here it is for others to
  copy-and-paste. I don't know if it's worth putting on opam (I don't
  have a use for this myself in any of my projects but curiosity led me
  to implement it.)


Feedback / Help Wanted: Upcoming OCaml.org Cookbook Feature
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Cuihtlauac Alvarado announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We've just updated the cookbook:
  . We'd love to have your feedback
  on it. The corresponding PR is still the same:
  

  The visual design is not yet final, but it works. It is organized in
  recipes, tasks and categories.

        A task is something that needs to be done inside a
        project. A recipe is a code sample and explanation of how
        to perform a task using a combination of packages. Some
        tasks can be performed using different combination of
        libraries, each is a different recipe.  Categories are
        groups of tasks or categories

  You'll see most tasks don't have any recipes. We hope to collect the
  best recipes. Categories are also open for discussion.


Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


polytypic announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [Picos] is a framework for building interoperable elements such as

  =E2=80=A2 schedulers that multiplex large numbers of user level fibers to=
 run
    on a small number of system level threads,
  =E2=80=A2 mechanisms for managing fibers and for structuring concurrency,
  =E2=80=A2 communication and synchronization primitives, such as mutexes a=
nd
    condition variables, message queues, STMs, and more, and
  =E2=80=A2 integrations with low level asynchronous IO systems,

  of effects based cooperative concurrent programming models.


[Picos] 


polytypic then announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce that version 0.2.0 of Picos is now available on
  opam.

  A small core [picos] framework allows concurrent abstractions
  [implemented in Picos] to communicate with [Picos compatible]
  schedulers.

  In addition to the core framework, the `picos' package comes with a
  couple of sample schedulers and some scheduler agnostic libraries as
  well as bunch of auxiliary libraries.

  Sample schedulers:

  =E2=80=A2 [picos.fifos] =E2=80=94 Basic single-threaded effects based Pic=
os compatible
    scheduler for OCaml 5.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.threaded] =E2=80=94 Basic Thread based Picos compatible =
scheduler for
    OCaml 4.

  Scheduler agnostic libraries:

  =E2=80=A2 [picos.sync] =E2=80=94 Basic communication and synchronization =
primitives
    for Picos.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.stdio] =E2=80=94 Basic IO facilities based on OCaml stan=
dard
    libraries for Picos.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.select] =E2=80=94 Basic `Unix.select' based IO event loo=
p for Picos.

  Auxiliary libraries:

  =E2=80=A2 [picos.domain] =E2=80=94 Minimalistic domain API available both=
 on OCaml 5
    and on OCaml 4.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.exn_bt] =E2=80=94 Wrapper for exceptions with backtraces.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.fd] =E2=80=94 Externally reference counted file descript=
ors.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.htbl] =E2=80=94 Lock-free hash table.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.mpsc_queue] =E2=80=94 Multi-producer, single-consumer qu=
eue.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.rc] =E2=80=94 External reference counting tables for dis=
posable
    resources.
  =E2=80=A2 [picos.thread] =E2=80=94 Minimalistic thread API available with=
 or without
    `threads.posix'.

  All of the above are entirely opt-in and you are free to mix-and-match
  with any other Picos compatible [future] schedulers and libraries
  implemented in Picos or develop your own.

  See the [reference manual] for further information.


[picos]


[implemented in Picos]


[Picos compatible]


[picos.fifos]


[picos.threaded]


[picos.sync]


[picos.stdio]


[picos.select]


[picos.domain]


[picos.exn_bt]


[picos.fd]


[picos.htbl]


[picos.mpsc_queue]


[picos.rc]


[picos.thread]


[future]


[reference manual]



Ppxlib dev meetings
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You can find our last meeting's notes [here].

  We had three guests yesterday: @shonfeder @lubegasimon and
  @moazzammoriani.

  You are always welcome to join whether you have a specific topic you
  want to bring up or you just want to tag along. We'll post the link
  here ahead of the meeting.


[here] 


Ortac 0.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Nicolas Osborne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are very excited to announce this new Ortac release!

  Ortac is a set of tools that translate Gospel specifications into
  OCaml code and use these translations to generate programs that check
  at runtime that the OCaml implementation respects the Gospel
  specifications.

  You can find the project on [this repo] and install it via `opam'.

  This new release contains four packages:

  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-core'
  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-runtime'
  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-qcheck-stm'
  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-runtime-qcheck-stm'

  The main improvements that brings this release concern the
  `ortac-qcheck-stm' plugin (the other three packages are mainly
  released for compatibility reasons).

  `ortac-qcheck-stm' provides a plugin for Ortac. It generates
  QCheck-STM tests for a module specified with Gospel. QCheck-STM is a
  model-based testing framework and Ortac/QCheck-STM relies on the
  Gospel models you gave in the specifications to build the QCheck-STM
  tests.

  I'd like to highlight two of these improvements.

  The first one is that type invariants for what we call the system
  under test are now checked. Let's say you want to generate QCheck-STM
  tests for a fixed-size container. You can give the following
  specification to your type:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type 'a t
  =E2=94=82 (*@ mutable model contents : 'a list
  =E2=94=82     model size : int
  =E2=94=82     with t invariant List.length t.contents <=3D t.size *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Now, the generated tests will check that the invariant is respected at
  initialisation of the system under test (the value of type `'a t') and
  that it is preserved by the functions being tested.

  The second improvement concerns the test failure message. In order to
  make the failure more informative, a message stating which part of the
  Gospel specifications has been violated and a small OCaml program that
  demonstrates the unexpected behaviour will be displayed.

  For example, with an artificial bug in the `Array.length' function,
  running the Ortac/QCheck-STM-generated test will print the following
  failure message:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 random seed: 172339461
  =E2=94=82 generated error fail pass / total     time test name
  =E2=94=82 [=E2=9C=97]    1    0    1    0 / 1000     0.0s Array STM tests=
 (generating)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 --- Failure ---------------------------------------------------=
-----------------
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Test Array STM tests failed (5 shrink steps):
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82    length sut
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 +++ Messages ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++=
++++++++++++++++++
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Messages for test Array STM tests:
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Gospel specification violation in function length
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   File "array.mli", line 7, characters 12-22:
  =E2=94=82     i =3D t.size
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 when executing the following sequence of operations:
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   open Array
  =E2=94=82   let protect f =3D try Ok (f ()) with e -> Error e
  =E2=94=82   let sut =3D make 16 'a'
  =E2=94=82   let r =3D length sut
  =E2=94=82   assert (r =3D 16)
  =E2=94=82   (* returned 42 *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
  =E2=94=82 failure (1 tests failed, 0 tests errored, ran 1 tests)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Although it has already helped find and fix some bugs, this project is
  still fairly new. So, feel free to try it and report any [issue].

  Happy testing!


[this repo] 

[issue] 


OUPS meetup april 2024
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


zapashcanon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The next OUPS meetup will take place on *Thursday, 25th of April*
  2024. It will start at *7pm* at the *4 place Jussieu* in Paris.

  :warning: :trumpet: It will be in the in the *Esclangon building*
  (amphi Astier). :trumpet: :warning:

  Please, *[register on meetup ]* as soon as possible to let us know how
  many pizza we should order.

  For more details, you may check the [OUPS=E2=80=99 website ].

  This month will feature the following talks :

  *Symbolic execution for all with [Owi] and Wasm =E2=80=93 L=C3=A9o Andr=
=C3=A8s*

  WebAssembly (Wasm) is a new binary compilation target adopted by many
  high-level programming languages such as C/C++, Rust, Java, and
  Go. Building on this foundation, we present Owi, a toolkit to work
  with Wasm within the OCaml ecosystem. In particular, Owi features a
  reference interpreter for Wasm capable of performing both concrete and
  symbolic execution.  In this presentation, we describe how we designed
  reusable components and a modular interpreter from a concrete one,
  enabling the sharing of code between the concrete and symbolic
  interpreters. Additionally, we demonstrate how it is possible to
  perform symbolic execution of other languages by compiling them to
  Wasm using the symbolic interpreter. We provide examples of symbolic
  execution applied to C and Rust code and describe our current work to
  extend this functionality to support OCaml and other garbage-collected
  languages by integrating WasmGC into Owi.

  *[Smt.ml] - A Multi Back-end Front-end for SMT Solvers in OCaml =E2=80=93
   Filipe Marques*

  SMT solvers are crucial tools in fields such as Software Verification,
  Program Synthesis, and Test-Case Generation. However, using their
  APIs, especially in typed functional languages like OCaml, can be
  challenging due to their complexity and lack of user-friendly
  interfaces. To address this, we propose Smt.ml, an open-source library
  that serves as a single interface for multiple SMT solvers in
  OCaml. Currently supporting solvers such as Z3, Colibri2, and
  Bitwuzla, Smt.ml enables users to seamlessly work with different
  solvers using one unified syntax. The library incorporates built-in
  optimizations to handle both concrete and symbolic expressions
  efficiently. Smt.ml has been successfully integrated with Owi, an
  interpreter and toolkit for WebAssembly. This integration allowed Owi
  to perform static symbolic execution and test-case generation for
  WebAssembly programs. Notably, Owi was able to identify known
  vulnerabilities in a widely-used C data structure libraries.


[register on meetup ]


[OUPS=E2=80=99 website ] 

[Owi] 

[Smt.ml] 


Mirage 4.5.0 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Thomas Gazagnaire announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the Mirage team, I'm happy to announce the release of
  MirageOS 4.5.0. This was merged in `opam-repository' last week, so it
  should be available just in time for the upcoming [14th MirageOS hack
  retreat]!

  This release introduces a significant change in the Mirage tool by
  splitting the definition of command-line arguments used at
  configure-time and runtime. Command-line arguments used in the
  configure script (also called 'configuration keys' and defined in the
  `Key' module) are essential during the setup of module dependencies
  for the unikernel, allowing for specialized production of a unikernel
  for a given target runtime environment. On the other hand,
  command-line arguments that the unikernel can use a runtime (defined
  in the `Runtime_arg' module) are helpful for customizing deployments
  without altering the dependencies of the unikernels.

  =E2=80=A2 API changes:
    =E2=80=A2 There is no more `~stage' parameter for `Key.Arg.info'.
    =E2=80=A2 `Key' now define command-line arguments for the configuration
      tool.
    =E2=80=A2 There is a new module `Runtime_arg' to define command-line
      arguments for the unikernel.
    =E2=80=A2 As there are no more keys type `'Both', users are now expecte=
d to
      create two separated keys in that case (one for configure-time,
      one for runtime) or decide if the key is useful at runtime of
      configure-time.
  =E2=80=A2 Intended use of configuration keys (values of type `'a key'):
    =E2=80=A2 Used to set up module dependencies of the unikernel, such as =
the
      target (hvt, xen, etc.) and whether to use DHCP or a fixed IP
      address.
    =E2=80=A2 Enable the production of specialized unikernels suitable for
      specific target runtime environments and dedicated network and
      storage stacks.
    =E2=80=A2 Similar keys will produce reproducible binaries to be uploade=
d to
      artifact repositories like Docker Hub or
      .
  =E2=80=A2 Intended use of command-line runtime arguments (values of type =
`a
    runtime_arg'):
    =E2=80=A2 Allow users to customize deployments by changing device
      configuration, like IP addresses, secrets, block device names,
      etc., post downloading of binaries.
    =E2=80=A2 These keys don=E2=80=99t alter the dependencies of the uniker=
nels.
    =E2=80=A2 A runtime keys is just a reference to a normal Cmdliner term.
  =E2=80=A2 `key_gen.ml' is not generated anymore, so users cannot refer to
    `Key_gen.' directly.
    =E2=80=A2 Any runtime argument has to be declared (using `runtime_arg' =
and
      registered on the device (using `~runtime_args'). The value of
      that argument will then be passed as an extra parameter of the
      `connect' function of that device.
    =E2=80=A2 Configuration keys are not available at runtime anymore. For
      instance, `Key_gen.target' has been removed.
  =E2=80=A2 Code migration:
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82   (* in config.ml *)
    =E2=94=82  let key =3D
    =E2=94=82    let doc =3D Key.Arg.info ~doc:"A Key." ~stage:`Run [ "key"=
 ] in
    =E2=94=82    Key.(create "key" Arg.(opt_all ~stage:`Run string doc))
    =E2=94=82 let main =3D main ~keys:[abstract hello] ..
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 (* in unikernel.ml *)
    =E2=94=82 let start _ =3D
    =E2=94=82   let key =3D Key_gen.hello () in
    =E2=94=82   ...
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    becomes:
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 (* in config.ml *)
    =E2=94=82 let hello =3D runtime_arg ~pos:__POS__ "Unikernel.hello"
    =E2=94=82 let main =3D main ~runtime_args:[hello] ...
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 (* in unikernel.ml *)
    =E2=94=82 open Cmdliner
    =E2=94=82=20
    =E2=94=82 let hello =3D
    =E2=94=82   let doc =3D Arg.info ~doc:"How to say hello." [ "hello" ] in
    =E2=94=82   Arg.(value & opt string "Hello World!" doc)
    =E2=94=82=20
    =E2=94=82 let start _ hello =3D
    =E2=94=82   ...
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The [mirage-skeleton] repository and a few tutorials on
   have been updated and now compile with [mdx] to
  check for future API breakage. Documentation PRs are very welcome if
  you find some missing updates. We also welcome more general feedback
  regarding this API change.

  I also would like to use this announcement as a reminder that we have
  restarted the mirage bi-weekly calls. Check the [MirageOS mailing
  list] or the [MirageOS Matrix channel] for more info. The next one is
  planned for the 29th of April. If you are using or planning to use
  MirageOS (or are just curious about the project), feel free to join,
  it's open to everyone!

  Happy hacking!


[14th MirageOS hack retreat] 

[mirage-skeleton] 

[mdx] 

[MirageOS mailing list]


[MirageOS Matrix channel]



patricia-tree 0.9.0 - library for patricia tree based maps and sets
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


Dorian Lesbre announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce the release of a new `patricia-tree' library,
  version 0.9.0 on opam.

  This library that implements sets and maps as Patricia Trees, as
  described in Okasaki and Gill's 1998 paper [/Fast mergeable integer
  maps/]. It is a space-efficient prefix trie over the big-endian
  representation of the key's integer identifier.

  For full details, visit see [the documentation] or [the source on
  github].


[/Fast mergeable integer maps/]


[the documentation] 

[the source on github]


Features
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Similar to OCaml's `Map' and `Set', using the same function nam=
es
    when possible and the same convention for order of arguments. This
    should allow switching to and from Patricia Tree with minimal
    effort.
  =E2=80=A2 The functor parameters (`KEY' module) requires an injective `to=
_int
    : t -> int' function instead of a `compare' function. `to_int'
    should be fast, injective, and only return positive integers. This
    works well with [hash-consed] types.
  =E2=80=A2 The Patricia Tree representation is stable, contrary to maps,
    inserting nodes in any order will return the same shape. This allows
    different versions of a map to share more subtrees in memory, and
    the operations over two maps to benefit from this sharing. The
    functions in this library attempt to **maximally preserve sharing
    and benefit from sharing**, allowing very important improvements in
    complexity and running time when combining maps or sets is a
    frequent operation.
  =E2=80=A2 Since our Patricia Tree use big-endian order on keys, the maps =
and
    sets are sorted in increasing order of keys. We only support
    positive integer keys. This also avoids a bug in Okasaki's paper
    discussed in [/QuickChecking Patricia Trees/] by Jan Mitgaard.
  =E2=80=A2 Supports generic maps and sets: a `'m map' that maps `'k key' to
    `('k, 'm) value'. This is especially useful when using [GADTs] for
    the type of keys. This is also sometimes called a dependent map.
  =E2=80=A2 Allows easy and fast operations across different types of maps =
and
    set (e.g. an intersection between a map and a set), since all sets
    and maps, no matter their key type, are really positive integer sets
    or maps.
  =E2=80=A2 Multiple choices for internal representation (`NODE'), which al=
lows
    for efficient storage (no need to store a value for sets), or using
    weak nodes only (values removed from the tree if no other pointer to
    it exists). This system can also be extended to store size
    information in nodes if needed.
  =E2=80=A2 Exposes a common interface (`view') to allow users to write the=
ir
    own pattern matching on the tree structure without depending on the
    `NODE' being used.


[hash-consed] 

[/QuickChecking Patricia Trees/]


[GADTs] 


Comparison to other OCaml libraries
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A ptmap and ptset

  There are other implementations of Patricia Tree in OCaml, namely
  [ptmap] and [ptset]. These are smaller and closer to OCaml's built-in
  Map and Set, however:

  =E2=80=A2 Our library allows using any type `key' that comes with an inje=
ctive
    `to_int' function, instead of requiring `key =3D int'.
  =E2=80=A2 We support generic (heterogeneous) types for keys/elements.
  =E2=80=A2 We support operations between sets and maps of different types.
  =E2=80=A2 We use a big-endian representation, allowing easy access to min=
/max
    elements of maps and trees.
  =E2=80=A2 Our interface and implementation tries to maximize the sharing
    between different versions of the tree, and to benefit from this
    memory sharing. Theirs do not.
  =E2=80=A2 These libraries work with older version of OCaml (`>=3D 4.05' I
    believe), whereas ours requires OCaml `>=3D 4.14'
  =E2=80=A2 Our keys are limited to positive integers.


  [ptmap] 

  [ptset] 


=E2=97=8A dmap

  Additionally, there is a dependent map library: [dmap]. It allows
  creating type safe dependent maps similar to our heterogeneous
  maps. However, its maps aren't Patricia trees. They are binary trees
  build using a (polymorphic) comparison function, similarly to the maps
  of the standard library. Another difference is that the type of values
  in the map is independent of the type of the keys, allowing keys to be
  associated with different values in different maps. i.e. we map `'a
  key' to any `('a, 'b) value' type, whereas dmap only maps `'a key' to
  `'a'.

  `dmap' also works with OCaml `>=3D 4.12', whereas we require OCaml `>=3D
  4.14'.


  [dmap] 


OCANNL 0.3.1: a from-scratch deep learning (i.e. dense tensor optimization)=
 framework
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Lukasz Stafiniak announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  OCANNL 0.3.2 is out now. Thanks!


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Creating the SyntaxDocumentation Command - Part 1: Merlin]
  =E2=80=A2 [Speeding up MirageVPN and use it in the wild]
  =E2=80=A2 [Frama-C Days 2024]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Creating the SyntaxDocumentation Command - Part 1: Merlin]


[Speeding up MirageVPN and use it in the wild]


[Frama-C Days 2024]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 16 to 23, 2024.

    



    

    A second beta for OCaml 5.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-second-beta-for-ocaml-5-2-0/14498=
/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Last week, we merged in the 5.2 branch of OCaml an update to the compiler-l=
ibs "shape" API for querying definition information from
the compiler.

    


    
Unfortunately, this small change of API breaks compatibility with at least =
odoc. Generally, we try to avoid this kind of changes
during the beta releases of the compiler. However, after discussions we con=
cluded that it will be easier on the long term to fix the
API right now in order to avoid multiplying the number of supported version=
s of the shape API in the various OCaml developer tools .

    


    
We have thus released a second beta version of OCaml 5.2.0 to give the time=
 to developer tools to update their 5.2.0 version ahead of
the release (see below for the installation instructions).

    


    
Beyond this changes of API, the new beta contains three minor bug fixes and=
 three documentation updates, which is a good sign in term
of stability.

    


    
As usual, you can follow the last remaining compatibility slags on the opam readines=
s for 5.2.0
meta-issue.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
Currently, the release is planned for the beginning of May.

    


    
If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the new OCa=
ml version, the
updated change log for OCaml 5.2.0 is available on GitHub.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1:

    


    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.2.0~beta2

    

    


    
The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

    



    

    

    

    Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
    

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    


    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.2.0~beta2+options &=
lt;option_list>

    

    


    
where option_list is a space-separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and n=
o-flat-float-array
switch:

    


    

    opam switch create 5.2.0~beta2+flambda+nffa oc=
aml-variants.5.2.0~beta2+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-=
float-array

    

    


    
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

    

    

    

    

    Changes since the first beta
    

    

    

      

    • Compiler-libs API Changes
      

      

        

      • #13001: do =
not read_back entire shapes to get aliases' uids when building the
usages index
(Ulysse G=C3=A9rard, review by Gabriel Scherer and Nathana=C3=ABlle Courant=
)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Bug Fixes
      

      

        

      • #13058: Add=
 TSan instrumentation to caml_call_gc(), since it may raise
exceptions.
(Fabrice Buoro, Olivier Nicole, Gabriel Scherer and Miod Vallat)
        • 

      • #13079: Sav=
e and restore frame pointer across Iextcall on ARM64
(Tim McGilchrist, review by KC Sivaramakrishnan and Miod Vallat)
        • 

      • #13094: Fix=
 undefined behavior of left-shifting a negative number.
(Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Miod Vallat and Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r=
)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Documentation Updates
      

      

        

      • #13078: upd=
ate Format tutorial on structural boxes to mention alignment
questions.
(Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k, review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 

      • #13092: doc=
ument the existence of the [@@poll error] built-in attribute
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      • #13066, upd=
ate OCAMLRUNPARAM documentation for the stack size parameter l
(Florian Angeletti, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Tim McGilchrist,=
 and
 Miod Vallat)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    An implementation of purely functional double-ended queues
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an-imp=
lementation-of-purely-functional-double-ended-queues/14499/1

    

    

    

    Humza Shahid announced
    

    

    
I have some code that might be useful to others here. I had the idea of a n=
ew purely functional implementation for double ended
queues, and I implemented it (https://github.com/hummy123/bro-deque)[here].

    


    
The idea is pretty simple, and it proves to be quite fast in benchmarks.=20

    


    
The idea is to have a record containing:=20

    

      

    • A head array representing the start of the queue, with a limit on the n=
umber of elements it can have.
      • 

    • A tail array representing the end of the queue, also with a limit on th=
e number of elements it can have.
      • 

    • A balanced binary tree based on the rope data structure. (The internal =
nodes pointing to other nodes contain integer metadata indicating the numbe=
r of elements on the left and right subtrees, and leaf nodes contain an arr=
ay of elements.)
      • 

    


    
When trying to insert into either the head or tail array when the array is =
at max capacity, the array is either appended or prepended
to the tree and the array/element we wanted to insert is now either the hea=
d or tail.

    


    
I was looking for some way to test the performance and adapted (this
code)[https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-speed-recursive-fu=
nction-optimization/13502/3] to use it, and it's pretty fast - only abo=
ut
4x slower than the standard library's mutable queue. (Although this was rea=
lly implemented in mind aiming for fast access time rather
than fast insertion/removal time.)

    


    
It has some non-standard functions for double ended queues too, like O(log =
n) insert/removal/indexing at any arbitrary location (with
a constant that makes this faster than on a typical binary tree - a typical=
 binary tree contains on element per node, increasing
height, but this contains arrays of elements at the leaves so more data is =
packed and the height is shorter).=20

    


    
Some other people might find it useful, so here it is for others to copy-an=
d-paste. I don't know if it's worth putting on opam (I
don't have a use for this myself in any of my projects but curiosity led me=
 to implement it.)

    

    

    

    

    

    Feedback / Help Wanted: Upcoming OCaml.org Cookbook Feature

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/feedbac=
k-help-wanted-upcoming-ocaml-org-cookbook-feature/14127/12

    

    

    

    Cuihtlauac Alvarado announced
    

    

    
We've just updated the cookbook: https://staging.ocaml.org/cookbook. We'd love to have your feedbac=
k on it. The corresponding PR is
still the same: ht=
tps://github.com/ocaml/ocaml.org/pull/1839

    


    
The visual design is not yet final, but it works. It is organized in recipe=
s, tasks and categories.

    


    

    
A task is something that needs to be done inside a project. A recipe is a c=
ode sample and explanation of how to perform a task
using a combination of packages. Some tasks can be performed using differen=
t combination of libraries, each is a different recipe.
Categories are groups of tasks or categories

    

    


    
You'll see most tasks don't have any recipes. We hope to collect the best r=
ecipes. Categories are also open for discussion.

    

    

    

    

    

    Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-picos-inter=
operable-effects-based-concurrency/14507/1

    

    

    

    polytypic announced
    

    

    
Picos is a framewo=
rk for building interoperable elements such as

    


      

    • schedulers that multiplex large numbers of user level fibers to run on =
a small number of system level threads,
      • 

    • mechanisms for managing fibers and for structuring concurrency,
      • 

    • communication and synchronization primitives, such as mutexes and condi=
tion variables, message queues, STMs, and more, and
      • 

    • integrations with low level asynchronous IO systems,
      • 

    


    
of effects based cooperative concurrent programming models.

    

    

    

    

    polytypic then announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce that version 0.2.0 of Picos is now available on opam.

    


    
A small core picos framework allows concurrent abstractions
implemented in Picos to communicate with
Picos compatible schedulers.

    


    
In addition to the core framework, the picos package comes wit=
h a couple of sample schedulers and some scheduler agnostic libraries
as well as bunch of auxiliary libraries.

    


    
Sample schedulers:

    


      

    • picos.fifos =E2=80=94 Basic single-threaded effects bas=
ed Picos compatible scheduler for OCaml 5.
      • 

    • picos.threaded =E2=80=94 Basic Thread based Picos co=
mpatible scheduler for OCaml 4.
      • 

    


    
Scheduler agnostic libraries:

    


      

    • picos.sync =E2=80=94 Basic communication and synchroniza=
tion primitives for Picos.
      • 

    • picos.stdio =E2=80=94 Basic IO facilities based on OCam=
l standard libraries for Picos.
      • 

    • picos.select =E2=80=94 Basic Unix.select =
based IO event loop for Picos.
      • 

    


    
Auxiliary libraries:

    


      

    • picos.domain =E2=80=94 Minimalistic domain API availab=
le both on OCaml 5 and on OCaml 4.
      • 

    • picos.exn_bt =E2=80=94 Wrapper for exceptions with bac=
ktraces.
      • 

    • picos.fd =E2=80=94 Externally reference counted file descr=
iptors.
      • 

    • picos.htbl =E2=80=94 Lock-free hash table.
      • 

    • picos.mpsc_queue =E2=80=94 Multi-producer, single-=
consumer queue.
      • 

    • picos.rc =E2=80=94 External reference counting tables for =
disposable resources.
      • 

    • picos.thread =E2=80=94 Minimalistic thread API availab=
le with or without threads.posix.
      • 

    


    
All of the above are entirely opt-in and you are free to mix-and-match with=
 any other Picos compatible
future schedulers and libraries implemented in Picos
or develop your own.

    


    
See the reference manual for further information.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/21

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
You can find our last meeting's notes here.

    


    
We had three guests yesterday: @shonfeder @lubegasimon and @moazzammoriani.

    


    
You are always welcome to join whether you have a specific topic you want t=
o bring up or you just want to tag along. We'll post the
link here ahead of the meeting.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ortac 0.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ortac-0-2-0/14510/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    
We are very excited to announce this new Ortac release!

    


    
Ortac is a set of tools that translate Gospel specifications into OCaml cod=
e and use these translations to generate programs that
check at runtime that the OCaml implementation respects the Gospel specific=
ations.

    


    
You can find the project on this repo and install it via opam.

    


    
This new release contains four packages:

    


      

    • ortac-core
      • 

    • ortac-runtime
      • 

    • ortac-qcheck-stm
      • 

    • ortac-runtime-qcheck-stm
      • 

    


    
The main improvements that brings this release concern the ortac-qche=
ck-stm plugin (the other three packages are mainly released
for compatibility reasons).

    


    
ortac-qcheck-stm provides a plugin for Ortac. It generates QCh=
eck-STM tests for a module specified with Gospel. QCheck-STM is a
model-based testing framework and Ortac/QCheck-STM relies on the Gospel mod=
els you gave in the specifications to build the QCheck-STM
tests.

    


    
I'd like to highlight two of these improvements.

    


    
The first one is that type invariants for what we call the system under tes=
t are now checked. Let's say you want to generate
QCheck-STM tests for a fixed-size container. You can give the following spe=
cification to your type:

    


    

    type 'a t
(*@ mutable model contents : 'a list
    model size : int
    with t invariant Li=
st.length t.contents <=3D t.size *)

    

    


    
Now, the generated tests will check that the invariant is respected at init=
ialisation of the system under test (the value of type 'a
t) and that it is preserved by the functions being tested.

    


    
The second improvement concerns the test failure message. In order to make =
the failure more informative, a message stating which part
of the Gospel specifications has been violated and a small OCaml program th=
at demonstrates the unexpected behaviour will be
displayed.

    


    
For example, with an artificial bug in the Array.length functi=
on, running the Ortac/QCheck-STM-generated test will print the
following failure message:

    


    random seed: 172339461
generated error fail pass / total     time test name
[=E2=9C=97]    1    0    1    0 / 1000     0.0s Array STM tests (generating)

--- Failure ---------------------------------------------------------------=
-----

Test Array STM tests failed (5 shrink steps):

   length sut

+++ Messages ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++=
++++++

Messages for test Array STM tests:

Gospel specification violation in function length

  File "array.mli", line 7, characters 12-22:
    i =3D t.size

when executing the following sequence of operations:

  open Array
  let protect f =3D try Ok (f ()) with e -> Error e
  let sut =3D make 16 'a'
  let r =3D length sut
  assert (r =3D 16)
  (* returned 42 *)

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
failure (1 tests failed, 0 tests errored, ran 1 tests)

    


    
Although it has already helped find and fix some bugs, this project is stil=
l fairly new. So, feel free to try it and report any
issue.

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    

    

    OUPS meetup april 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetup-april-2024/14512/1

    

    

    

    zapashcanon announced
    

    

    
The next OUPS meetup will take place on Thursday, 25th of April 2024=
. It will start at 7pm at the 4 place Jussieu in
Paris.

    


    
:warning: :trumpet: It will be in the in the Esclangon building (amp=
hi Astier). :trumpet: :warning:

    


    
Please, register on meetup  as soon as possible to let us know how
many pizza we should order.

    


    
For more details, you may check the OUPS=
=E2=80=99 website .

    


    
This month will feature the following talks :

    


    
Symbolic execution for all with Owi and Wasm – L=C3=A9o Andr=C3=A8s

    


    
WebAssembly (Wasm) is a new binary compilation target adopted by many high-=
level programming languages such as C/C++, Rust, Java, and
Go. Building on this foundation, we present Owi, a toolkit to work with Was=
m within the OCaml ecosystem. In particular, Owi features
a reference interpreter for Wasm capable of performing both concrete and sy=
mbolic execution.
In this presentation, we describe how we designed reusable components and a=
 modular interpreter from a concrete one, enabling the
sharing of code between the concrete and symbolic interpreters. Additionall=
y, we demonstrate how it is possible to perform symbolic
execution of other languages by compiling them to Wasm using the symbolic i=
nterpreter. We provide examples of symbolic execution
applied to C and Rust code and describe our current work to extend this fun=
ctionality to support OCaml and other garbage-collected
languages by integrating WasmGC into Owi.

    


    
Smt.ml - A Multi B=
ack-end Front-end for SMT Solvers in OCaml – Filipe Marques

    


    
SMT solvers are crucial tools in fields such as Software Verification, Prog=
ram Synthesis, and Test-Case Generation. However, using
their APIs, especially in typed functional languages like OCaml, can be cha=
llenging due to their complexity and lack of user-friendly
interfaces. To address this, we propose Smt.ml, an open-source library that=
 serves as a single interface for multiple SMT solvers in
OCaml. Currently supporting solvers such as Z3, Colibri2, and Bitwuzla, Smt=
.ml enables users to seamlessly work with different
solvers using one unified syntax. The library incorporates built-in optimiz=
ations to handle both concrete and symbolic expressions
efficiently. Smt.ml has been successfully integrated with Owi, an interpret=
er and toolkit for WebAssembly. This integration allowed
Owi to perform static symbolic execution and test-case generation for WebAs=
sembly programs. Notably, Owi was able to identify known
vulnerabilities in a widely-used C data structure libraries.

    

    

    

    

    

    Mirage 4.5.0 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mirage-4-5-0-released/14518/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the Mirage team, I'm happy to announce the release of MirageOS=
 4.5.0. This was merged in opam-repository last week, so
it should be available just in time for the upcoming 14th MirageOS hack retreat!

    


    
This release introduces a significant change in the Mirage tool by splittin=
g the definition of command-line arguments used at
configure-time and runtime. Command-line arguments used in the configure sc=
ript (also called 'configuration keys' and defined in the
Key module) are essential during the setup of module dependenc=
ies for the unikernel, allowing for specialized production of a
unikernel for a given target runtime environment. On the other hand, comman=
d-line arguments that the unikernel can use a runtime
(defined in the Runtime_arg module) are helpful for customizin=
g deployments without altering the dependencies of the unikernels.

    


      

    • API changes:

        

      • There is no more ~stage parameter for Key.Arg.info.
        • 

      • Key now define command-line arguments for the configuratio=
n tool.
        • 

      • There is a new module Runtime_arg to define command-line a=
rguments for the unikernel.
        • 

      • As there are no more keys type 'Both, users are now expect=
ed to create two separated keys in that case (one for configure-time, one f=
or runtime) or decide if the key is useful at runtime of configure-time.

      • 

    • Intended use of configuration keys (values of type 'a key):

        

      • Used to set up module dependencies of the unikernel, such as the target=
 (hvt, xen, etc.) and whether to use DHCP or a fixed IP address.
        • 

      • Enable the production of specialized unikernels suitable for specific t=
arget runtime environments and dedicated network and storage stacks.
        • 

      • Similar keys will produce reproducible binaries to be uploaded to artif=
act repositories like Docker Hub or =
https://builds.robur.coop/.
        • 

      • 

    • Intended use of command-line runtime arguments (values of type a =
runtime_arg):

        

      • Allow users to customize deployments by changing device configuration, =
like IP addresses, secrets, block device names, etc., post downloading of b=
inaries.
        • 

      • These keys don=E2=80=99t alter the dependencies of the unikernels.
        • 

      • A runtime keys is just a reference to a normal Cmdliner term.
        • 

      • 

    • key_gen.ml is not generated anymore, so users cannot refer=
 to Key_gen.<key_name> directly.

        

      • Any runtime argument has to be declared (using runtime_arg=
 and registered on the device (using ~runtime_args). The value=
 of that argument will then be passed as an extra parameter of the co=
nnect function of that device.
        • 

      • Configuration keys are not available at runtime anymore. For instance, =
Key_gen.target has been removed.
        • 

      • 

    • 
Code migration:

      

      

        (* in co=
nfig.ml *)
 let key =3D
   let doc =3D Key.Ar=
g.info ~doc:"A Key." ~stage:`Run [ =
"key" ] in
   Key.(create "key" Arg.(opt_all=
 ~stage:`Run string doc))
let main =3D main ~=
keys:[abstract hello] ..

      

      

      

      (* in unik=
ernel.ml *)
let start _ =
=3D
  let key =3D Key_gen=
.hello () in
  ...

      

      

      
becomes:

      

      

      (* in conf=
ig.ml *)
let hello =3D runtime_arg ~pos:__POS__ "Unikernel.hello"
let main =3D main ~=
runtime_args:[hello] ...

      

      

      

      (* in unik=
ernel.ml *)
open Cmdliner

let hello =3D
  let doc =3D Arg.info ~doc:"How to say hello." [ "hel=
lo" ] in
  Arg.(value & opt string "Hello Wor=
ld!" doc)

let start _ =
hello =3D
  ...

      

      • 

    


    
The mirage-skeleton repository and a few tutorials on https://=
mirage.io have been
updated and now compile with mdx to check for future API breakage. Documentation PRs are
very welcome if you find some missing updates. We also welcome more general=
 feedback regarding this API change.

    


    
I also would like to use this announcement as a reminder that we have resta=
rted the mirage bi-weekly calls. Check the MirageOS
mailing list or the MirageO=
S Matrix
channel for more info. The next one is
planned for the 29th of April. If you are using or planning to use MirageOS=
 (or are just curious about the project), feel free to
join, it's open to everyone!

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    patricia-tree 0.9.0 - library for patricia tree based maps and=
 sets
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/ann-patricia-tree-0-9-0-library-for-patricia-tree-based-maps-and-sets/=
14535/1

    

    

    

    Dorian Lesbre announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the release of a new patricia-tree libra=
ry, version 0.9.0 on opam.

    


    
This library that implements sets and maps as Patricia Trees, as described =
in Okasaki and Gill's 1998 paper Fast mergeable integer
maps. It
is a space-efficient prefix trie over the big-endian representation of the =
key's integer identifier.

    


    
For full details, visit see th=
e documentation or the source on
github.

    

    

    

    Features
    

    


    

    

    

    Comparison to other OCaml libraries
    

    

    

      

    • ptmap and ptset
      

      

      
There are other implementations of Patricia Tree in OCaml, namely ptmap and
ptset. These are smal=
ler and closer to OCaml's built-in Map and Set, however:

      


        

      • Our library allows using any type key that comes with an i=
njective to_int function, instead of requiring key =3D i=
nt.
        • 

      • We support generic (heterogeneous) types for keys/elements.
        • 

      • We support operations between sets and maps of different types.
        • 

      • We use a big-endian representation, allowing easy access to min/max ele=
ments of maps and trees.
        • 

      • Our interface and implementation tries to maximize the sharing between =
different versions of the tree, and to benefit from this memory sharing. Th=
eirs do not.
        • 

      • These libraries work with older version of OCaml (>=3D 4.05 I believe), whereas ours requires OCaml >=3D 4.14
        • 

      • Our keys are limited to positive integers.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • dmap
      

      

      
Additionally, there is a dependent map library: dmap. It allows creating type safe dependent
maps similar to our heterogeneous maps. However, its maps aren't Patricia t=
rees. They are binary trees build using a (polymorphic)
comparison function, similarly to the maps of the standard library. Another=
 difference is that the type of values in the map is
independent of the type of the keys, allowing keys to be associated with di=
fferent values in different maps. i.e. we map 'a key to
any ('a, 'b) value type, whereas dmap only maps 'a key to 'a.

      


      
dmap also works with OCaml >=3D 4.12, whereas =
we require OCaml >=3D 4.14.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    OCANNL 0.3.1: a from-scratch deep learning (i.e. dense tensor=
 optimization) framework
    

    

    
Archive: https:/=
/discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocannl-0-3-1-a-from-scratch-deep-learning-i-e-dens=
e-tensor-optimization-framework/14492/4

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
OCANNL 0.3.2 is out now. Thanks!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 30 Apr 2024 09:22:57 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 23 to 30, 2024.

    



    

    OCANNL 0.3.1: a from-scratch deep learning (i.e. dense tensor optimization) framework
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocannl-0-3-1-a-from-scratch-deep-learning-i-e-dense-tensor-optimization-framework/14492/8

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
Third time the charm. OCANNL 0.3.3 is out now. I might need to change the name of the project, because of the lint warnings: Possible
name collision with packages 'OCADml',  'ocal',  'ocaml'?

    

    

    

    

    

    I roughly translated Real World OCaml's Async concurrency chapter to eio
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/i-roughly-translated-real-world-ocamls-async-concurrency-chapter-to-eio/14548/1

    

    

    

    Dennis Dang announced
    

    

    
Repo at https://github.com/dangdennis/rwo-eio/blob/main/lib/rwo_eio.ml

    


    
I was inspired by Taride's Make an Eio version of the Async examples in Real World
OCaml to translate the Async examples to eio to test out eio's concurrency story.
Warning, it's a rough translation. I hardly know OCaml and eio as well as I know my day-job languages :smile: .

    


    
There are still a few examples I haven't figured out.

    

      

    1. I don't know how to implement copy_blocks. In  this section, the example uses an intermediate buffer of some sorts to then copy from reader to writer. For now, I've left that intermediate buffer out.
      2. 

    2. I can't find an interrupt option in cohttp-eio as well as choice and choose. The book explains that cohttp-async can cancel http requests via an interrupt (see section).
      3. 

    3. For log_delays, I have yet to solve how to await my own every ticker such that I can await its completion and then log the timer at the end.
      4. 

    

    

    

    

    

    Using Property-Based Testing to Test OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-using-property-based-testing-to-test-ocaml-5/14550/1

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
Here's a blog post about how we have been using property-based testing to test OCaml 5:
https://tarides.com/blog/2024-04-24-under-the-hood-developing-multicore-property-based-tests-for-ocaml-5/

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Backtraces on Uncaught Exceptions, by OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-ocaml-backtraces-on-uncaught-exceptions-by-ocamlpro/14551/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Here's another one of our heads up about our latest blog release!

    


    
Today's topic is about an unintentionally hidden feature of the OCaml dev
environmment: backtraces on uncaught exception! 

    


    
We believe this will be old news to the veteran OCaml devs but could be of much
use to the newer Cameleers out there!

    


    
Hopefully, you will learn a thing or two from reading this short article, we welcome all feedback in this very thread, thank you for
reading!

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Users on Windows: Please share your insights on our user survey
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-users-on-windows-please-share-your-insights-on-our-user-survey/14554/1

    

    

    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
Do you use OCaml on Windows? We want to hear from you! Participate in our user survey to share your experiences with the OCaml
development environment on Windows. Your feedback is important in helping us understand the current pain points and identify areas
for improvement. Whether you're a seasoned OCaml developer or just starting out, your input can make a significant difference.

    


    
Please sign up here https://forms.gle/SxRvNaEZXgedxrnR9, and we'll reach out to you.

    

    

    

    

    

    Graphql_jsoo_client 0.1.0 - library for GraphQL clients using WebSockts
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/graphql-jsoo-client-0-1-0-library-for-graphql-clients-using-websockts/14557/1

    

    

    

    Hans Ole Rafaelsen announced
    

    

    
I'm glad to announce the release of graphql_jsoo_client.

    


    
This is the client side implementation of the GraphQL over WebSocket
Protocol. It is mainly intended for use with Dream, which
implements the server side. This library supports writing client code in Ocaml, that will run in the browser.

    


    
It can be found here.

    

    

    

    

    

    dream-html 3.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-3-0-0/14013/8

    

    

    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
[ANN] dream-html 3.4.1

    


    
Add 'livereload' support ie automatically reloading the page in the browser when the Dream server restarts. Useful to run with dune's
watch mode for a fast dev cycle.

    


    
This is adapted from Dream's own livereload middleware but with a slightly different approach. Full details in the module
documentation: https://yawaramin.github.io/dream-html/dream-html/Dream_html/Livereload/

    


    
Why reimplement this? It seems that Dream's built-in livereload needs to parse the HTML markup, find its head tag, and dynamically
inject the reloader script inside. Since parsing HTML can be pretty tricky and potentially buggy, I decided to manually add the
script in the head tag as a strong-typed dream-html node:

    


    head [] [
  ...
  Livereload.script;
  ...
]

    

    

    

    

    

    DkCoder 0.2 - Scripting in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dkcoder-0-2-scripting-in-ocaml/14560/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the second release of DkCoder, an OCaml scripting tool.

    


    
The first release was about install ease: a couple clicks and four (4) minutes later you and your Windows and macOS users can start
scripting. All users, including glibc-based Linux desktop users, can also use their Unix shells or Windows PowerShell. OCaml does
not need to be pre-installed. Just copy and paste two lines (you'll see some in this post) and your script is running and your
project is editable with OCaml LSP.

    


    
This second release is about technical ease. The three "big" ideas in this release are:

    


      

    • You don't write build files. If that sounds like /bin/sh that is intentional.
      • 

    • Almost every OCaml file is a script you can run. If that sounds like how Python scripts are almost indistinguishable from Python modules, that is intentional.
      • 

    • Almost every OCaml file can be referenced with a fully-qualified name. If that sounds like Java packages that is intentional.
      • 

    


    
Here are some examples:

    


      

    1. 
(one of my own scripts) The incomplete but growing DkCoder documentation is written in a script: https://diskuv.com/dksdk/coder/2024-intro-scripting/. The documentation is a side-effect of running tests.

      


      
In a Unix shell or in PowerShell, the following will a) run tests using tezt, b) collect outputs, c) generate HTML documentation, and then d) serve the doc page on a tiny_httpd webserver for a quick preview:

      


      

      git clone --branch V0_2 https://gitlab.com/diskuv/samples/dkcoder/DkHelloScript.git

./DkHelloScript/dk DkRun_V0_2.Run -- DkHelloScript_Std.Y33Article --serve

      

      


      
The following will print mixed Markdown/HTML that I can render and publish with a static site generator to a website:

      


      

      ./DkHelloScript/dk DkRun_V0_2.Run -- DkHelloScript_Std.Y33Article --doc --doc-format markdown

      

      2. 


    2. 
(someone else's) The Bogue demo game Snoke written by @sanette was "ported" to DkCoder. The port did not change a single line of the original code. I did re-arrange the directory structure (recall that there is a Java-like package mechanism underneath DkCoder) and I did add an extra .ml file. Run:

      


      

      git clone --branch V0_2 https://gitlab.com/diskuv/samples/dkcoder/SanetteBogue.git

./SanetteBogue/dk DkRun_V0_2.Run -- SanetteBogue_Snoke.Snoke

      

      3. 

    


    
The remaining items for DkCoder before a 1.x release: auto-downloading remote libraries (mostly done), meta/codegen tools (in
progress), conditional compilation (in design), and a security policy (in design).

    


    
But right now DkCoder is at a reasonable enough point that I can now recommend using it for your own scripts. With the usual caveats
that this is a 0.x release.

    


    
I'd like some feedback, especially on pain points and missing must-have features.

    

    

    

    Tech Details (if interested)
    

    

    
Very simplistically, DkCoder is a high-level build system that transparently manages lower-level build systems (today that is Dune).
I think (?) DkCoder is the first build system to use the codept OCaml dependency
analyzer. Huge huge
thanks to @octachron for that tool.

    


    
The rather boring driver pipeline is:

    


      

    1. Seed a "universe" of modules with the single .ml file the user wants to run from the ./dk CLI, or seed with all the .ml files if run through OCaml LSP.
      2. 

    2. Let codept analyse any module references inside the current universe. Any missing modules are located and added to the universe. Rinse and repeat until there is a closed universe with no more missing module references.
      3. 

    3. Generate and/or incrementally update the build files. Each .ml file is mapped to a single OCaml .cma library.
      4. 

    4. Run the chosen build tool (ie. Dune) and execute the code.
      5. 

    


    
What does that pipeline give us? Even in this early 0.2 release you get some unusual benefits:

    


      

    • Step 2: The missing modules can be created implicitly. The Snoke game has font, image and sound assets. By using Tr1Assets.LocalDir in the code DkCoder automatically creates a module that has all the assets (think ocaml-crunch). If a script does not need the assets, the codept analysis knows it doesn't use Tr1Assets, and the assets won't waste time getting built.
      • 

    • Step 3: The one-to-one .ml/.cma correspondence means DkCoder can apply a unique set of compiler flags to each .ml file. You get the Java-like package structure by opening a unique set of modules per .ml with -open flags (nit: I also used implicitly created directory modules to let you navigate the packages in your source code).
      • 

    • Step 4: You can take the generated dune-project and dune files, tweak them and run them outside of DkCoder. That means you are not locked into DkCoder! You can alternatively do what I did with Snoke: make your project compatible with both regular dune (/ocamlbuild/etc.) and DkCoder. Either way, you only need to deal with two issues that arise from DkCoder's bytecode compilation and prebuilt C libraries: a) build C dependencies yourself, and b) tell Dune to switch from bytecode mode to native code mode. If you are a mildly experienced Linux/OCaml user who understands the terms "opam", "pkg-config", "depexts", and "dune-configurator", this is a low bar.
      • 

    


    
Script references:

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Ocaml-protoc-plugin 6.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-protoc-plugin-6-1-0/14566/1

    

    

    

    Anders Fugmann announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the release of Ocaml-protoc-plugin version 6.1.0
Ocaml-protoc-pluginis a plugin for google's protobuf compiler (protoc)  that generates an idomatic ocaml mapping and
(de-)serialization functions based on .proto files. The library aims to be 100% compliant implementation of the protobuf
specification.

    


    
The 6.1.0 (and 6.0.0) release introduces Json serialization and deserialization based on protobuffers guidelines and the ability to
copy comments from .proto into ocaml generated code for improved documentation as well as numerous bug fixes and other improvements. 

    


    
Full changelog since release 5.0.0

    

    

    

    6.1.0: 2024-04-25
    

    

      

    • Fix name resolution leading to wrongly mapped names
      • 

    • Fix codegen bug causing the plugin to reject valid protobuf
      • 

    • Add preliminary support for melange though disabling eager
evaluation of serialize and deserialize functions when not using
native or bytecode backends
      • 

    • Fix missing cflags when compiling test c stub
      • 

    • Make Map tests compatible with older versions of protoc
      • 

    • Fix negative integer test failues due to a bug in older versions of protobuf (google) c lib
      • 

    

    

    

    

    6.0.0: 2024-04-13
    

    

    

      

    • New features
      

      

        

      • Implement json serialization and deserialization (#5)
        • 

      • Support special json mapping for google types (#9)
        • 

      • Add deprecation annotations for deprecated fields, services etc (#8)
        • 

      • Add option to prefix generated files with their package name
        • 

      • Copy documentation from proto files into generated ocaml bindings
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Bug fixes
      

      

        

      • Fix file output name if files contains a '-'
        • 

      • Resolve bug for Request/Response module aliases leading to generating uncompilable code. (#21)
        • 

      • Fix codegen bug for messages without fields and setting singleton_records = true (#20)
        • 

      • In Services, the package field is now correctly set to None if the service if not defined in a package scope (#24)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Misc changes
      

      

        

      • Unify serialization and deserialization spec and optimize oneof handling
        • 

      • Simplify types used in code generation to improve readaility
        • 

      • *Replace val name': unit -> string with val name: unit -> string which will only return the full protobuf name
        • 

      • Optimize merge functions by applying eager evaluation
        • 

      • Change signature of to_proto' to return unit and not a writer
        • 

      


      
(* indicates breaking change)

      

      

      • 

    • Notes
      

      

      
Message.name': unit -> string has been renamed to Message.name:
  unit -> string, and is now contains the fully qualified protobuf
message name. Before the name was the ocaml module name of the
message.

      


      
Service.Message signature has been deprecated and replaced with
Spec.Message signature. Service.Message is now an alias for
Spec.Message and will be removed in future releases.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 07 May 2024 09:30:19 +0200
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 30 to May 07, 2=
024.

    





    

    Deploying Ocsigen applications
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/deploying-ocsigen-applications/145=
72/1

    

    


    

    Hans Ole Rafaelsen announced
    

    

    
I have written a short text on how Ocsigen applications might be packed in =
order to be deployed to other nodes, that don't have your
development environment installed.

    


    
Deploying Ocsigen<=
/a>

    


    
If you happen to have a better way, or solutions to parts that I have not b=
een able to solve, please let me know.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml linting tools and techniques
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-ocaml-linting-tools-=
and-techniques/14574/1

    

    


    

    Simmo Saan announced
    

    

    
Recently, I started wondering about linting tools for OCaml, so I went look=
ing. This ended up being a quite extensive survey.
Therefore, I decided to publish my findings in a blog post: OCaml linting tools and
techniques.

    


    
In particular, I focused on linting with dune and Ppxlib because there's ma=
ny variations out there. In the post I describe the
technical choices that go into such linters and provide an overview of thos=
e that work and how well. In the process of experimenting,
I tried them out myself and published them as demos on GitHub: sim642/dune-lint-demo.

    


    
Feel free to let me know if I missed any tools out there or you have any qu=
estions/comments. There isn't much information about this
out there (and existing tool does it slightly differently), so I hope this =
overview benefits others as well.

    

    

    

    





    

    dune 3.15
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-15/14438/2

    

    


    

    Etienne Millon announced
    

    

    
We've released 3.15.1 and 3.15.2. The latter is particularly important for =
Coq users since it fixes a regression in incremental
compilation introduced in 3.13.0.

    


    
Here's the combined changelog:

    

    


    

    Fixed
    

    

      

    • Fix overflow in sendfile stubs (copy of large files could fail or end w=
ith truncated files) (#10333, @tonyfettes)
      • 

    • Fix crash when a rule with a directory target is disabled with `enabled=
_if` (#10382, fixes #10310, @gridbugs)
      • 

    • melange: remove all restrictions around virtual libraries in Melange. T=
hey may be used as otherwise in libraries and executables. (#10412, @anmont=
eiro)
      • 

    • spawn: fix compatibility with RHEL7 (#10428, @emillon)
      • 

    • If no directory targets are defined, then do not evaluate `enabled_if` =
(#10442, @rgrinberg)
      • 

    • Fix a bug where Coq projects were being rebuilt from scratch each time =
the dependency graph changed. (#10446, fixes #10149, @alizter)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    bitgenerators v0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bitgenerators-v0-1-0/14577/1

    

    


    

    zoj613 announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone. I'd like to announce the first release of bitgenerators. This library implements =
an OCaml port of NumPy's bitgenerator interface for working with Psuedo-ran=
dom numbers (see: https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/random/bi=
t_generators/index.html).=20

    


      

    • This library implements several PRNGs that are exposed through this com=
mon interface. It also implements an SeedSequence module for s=
eeding PRNGs using high quality initial states based on the ideas discussed=
 here.
      • 

    • Morever, the module provides functions that help easily generate indepe=
ndent and non-overlapping instances of a PRNG for use in parallel computati=
on in a reproducible manner.
      • 

    • Implemented PRNG's include PCG64, SFC64, Philox4x64, Xoshiro256** and ChaCha. A=
ll of which pass stringent statistical randomness tests like PractRand and =
Testu01.
      • 

    • The API documentation can be found here
      • 

    • The source code is hosted on github: https://github.com/zoj613/bitgenerators
      • 

    • The README file contains examples of how the library can be used.
      • 

    


    
This is my first Ocaml project and therefore I would highly appreciate feed=
back from experienced users regarding it's usefulness and possibly how it c=
ould be improved (e.g. usability and performance). I tried to keep the impl=
ementation as functional as possible, though not very sure if that's the be=
st approach here.

    

    

    

    





    

    checked_oint v0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-checked-oint-v0-1-0/14580/1

    

    


    

    Sima Kinsart announced
    

    

    
I'd like to announce a new library: checked_oint. It implements checked arithmet=
ic for both signed and unsigned integers of 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 bits. Un=
like stdint or ocaml-integers, routines in this l=
ibrary either return an option or raise an exception when a result of an ar=
ithmetic operation cannot be represented in a desired integer type. In addi=
tion, it contains abstractions for manipulating arbitrary integers and inte=
ger types in a generic and type-safe manner, which I find quite useful for =
compiler/interpreter implementations.

    


    
Usage example:

    


    

    open Checked_oint

let () =3D
  let x =3D U8.of_int_exn 50 in
  let y =3D U8.of_int_exn 70 in
  assert (U8.equal (U=
8.add_exn x y) (U8.of_int_exn=
 120));
  assert (Option.is_none (U8.mul x y))

    

    


    
Feel free to ask any questions in the comments.

    

    

    

    





    

    Liquidsoap 2.2.5 is out!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-liquidsoap-2-2-5-is-out/14582/1

    

    


    

    Romain Beauxis announced
    

    

    
Liquidsoap 2.2.5 has out! Full release details are here: https://gi=
thub.com/savonet/liquidsoap/releases/tag/v2.2.5

    


    
Liquidsoap is a statically typed scripting general-purpose language with de=
dicated operators and backend for all thing media, streaming, file generati=
on, automation, HTTP backend and more.

    


    
This is hopefully the last release of the 2.2.x release=
 cycle before we kick off the new 2.3.x release cycle. We've g=
ot a couple feature to bring there and then it'll be ready for more testing.

    


    
Liquidsoap 2.2.5 has some good bugfixes and some minor changes=
 but its most exciting feature is the autocue . It was developed in =
close collaboration with several users. The feature is an opt-in crossfade =
extension that computes the perfect crossfade transitions for your t=
racks.

    


    
Over the years, it's been very interesting to maintain an application and l=
anguage that is now pretty large and complex using the OCaml compiler and e=
cosystem. It's amazing to see how easy it is now to build integrate new pac=
kages. It also brings in some interesting, real-life challenges such as som=
e very specific mem=
ory issues.

    


    
Next, we would like to work on optimizing the language by introducing modul=
es, to reduce the standard library's memory footprint, and to use the new O=
Caml parallelism to fully leverage CPU and memory usage when streaming larg=
e amount of data such as video streams.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml 5.2.0 - First Release Candidate
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-2-0-first-release-can=
didate/14584/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The release of OCaml 5.2.0 is imminent.
As a final step, we are publishing a release candidate to check that everyt=
hing is in order before the release in the upcoming week(s).

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
Compared to the second beta, this release contains one small compiler-libs =
printer fix and one configuration tweak.

    


    
The full change log for OCaml 5.2.0 is available on
GitHub.=20
A short summary of the changes since the second beta release is also availa=
ble below.

    

    


    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands on opam 2.1 and later:

    

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.2.0~rc1

    

    


    
The source code for the release candidate is also directly available on:

    



    

    


    

    Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
    

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    

    

    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.2.0~rc1+options <=
;option_list>

    

    

    
where <option_list> is a space-separated list of o=
caml-option-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and=
 no-flat-float-array switch:

    

    

    opam switch create 5.2.0~rc1+flambda+nffa ocam=
l-variants.5.2.0~rc1+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-floa=
t-array

    

    


    
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

    

    

    


    

    Changes since the second beta
    

    

      

    • #13130: Min=
or fixes to pprintast for raw identifiers and local module ope=
n syntax for types. (Chet Murthy, review by Gabriel Scherer)
      • 

    • #13100 Fix =
detection of zstd when compiling with musl-gcc (D=
avid Allsopp, review by Samuel Hym)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Announcing DBCaml, Silo, Serde Postgres and a new driver for p=
ostgres
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/announcing-dbcaml-silo-serde-postgres-and-a-new-driver-for-postgres/1458=
5/1

    

    



    





    

    Pretty Printing in OCaml: Format Primer
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-pretty-printing-=
in-ocaml-format-primer/14599/1

    

    


    

    Vladimir Keleshev announced
    

    

    
Hi folks, I wrote another monad Format tutorial.

    


    
h=
ttps://keleshev.com/pretty-printing-in-ocaml-a-format-primer

    


    
Here's some of layouts that are covered:

    


    

    [[],
 ["one", "two", "three"],
 ["one",
  "two",
  "three",
  "four",
  "five",
  "six",
  "seven",
  "eight",
  "nine",
  "ten"]]

    

    


    

    [
  [],
  ["one", "two", "three"],
  [
    "one",
    "two",
    "three",
    "four",
    "five",
    "six",
    "seven",
    "eight",
    "nine",
    "ten",
  ]
]

    

    


    

    [ []
, [ "one", "two", "three" ]
, [ "one"
  , "two"
  , "three"
  , "four"
  , "five"
  , "six"
  , "seven"
  , "eight"
  , "nine"
  , "ten"
  ]
]

    

    


    
I tried to share some of my experience using Format. As a bonus=E2=80=94JSO=
N pretty printer.

    

    

    

    





    

    Send us Talk and Workshop Proposals for Fun OCaml 2024 in Ber=
lin, September 16+17
    

    

    
Archive: https://disc=
uss.ocaml.org/t/send-us-talk-and-workshop-proposals-for-fun-ocaml-2024-in-b=
erlin-september-16-17/14603/1

    

    


    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Fun OCaml 2024 is a 2 days open source hacking event dedicate=
d to OCaml enthusiasts and professionals. We focus on the impact and potent=
ial of OCaml for solving real-world problems and get together in Berlin for=
 a conference/hackathon over two days:

    

      

    • Day 1 (Monday, September 16): talks (which are live-streamed) and socia=
lizing/hacking.
      • 

    • Day 2 (Tuesday, September 17): Workshops and hacking.
      • 

    


    
Topics we're interested in:

    

      

    • how you use OCaml in your business / in your projects
      • 

    • OCaml libraries, frameworks, and other Open Source projects built on OC=
aml
      • 

    • hands-on demonstrations that encourage people to try things on the seco=
nd day of the event or at home
      • 

    • seeing actual code and reasoning behind design decisions
      • 

    • experience reports
      • 

    


    
For more details, check out the website and the CFP linked from there:

    


    
https://fun-ocaml.com

    


    
Registration for attendees will be announced later this week in advance, bu=
t is not open yet.

    


    
Thanks! :sparkles: :orange_heart: :camel:

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Workshop 2024 at ICFP – announcement and call fo=
r proposals
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/o=
caml-workshop-2024-at-icfp-announcement-and-call-for-proposals/14371/5

    

    


    

    Sonja Heinze continued this thread
    

    

    
As mentioned above, the submission deadline for the OCaml Workshop at ICFP =
is getting closer.

    


    
As a new note: A few weeks after the OCaml Workshop at ICFP, there'll be th=
e new initiative Fun OC=
aml in Berlin. It's super exciting to have three OCaml-related workshop=
s (first the ML Workshop and the OCaml Workshop at ICFP, and then Fun OCaml=
) over the course of a few weeks, and we're also very much looking forward =
to Fun OCaml!

    


    
We've already mentioned that when reading the submissions, as every year, w=
e'll collaborate closely with the organizers of the ML workshop at ICFP, wh=
ich intersects with the OCaml Workshop on talks with a strong theoretical a=
nd research-oriented focus. We'll also collaborate with the organizers of F=
un OCaml this year, which might intersect on talks with a strong practical =
focus. With collaboration, we mainly mean potentially transferring submissi=
ons from one workshop to another after checking in with the authors (side-n=
ote: if you want your presentation to be taken into account for a potential=
 transfer, you need to respect the earlier of the two submission deadlines).

    


    
Best, and looking forward to this exciting year of OCaml workshops,
@Armael and @pitag

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    



--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 14 May 2024 15:25:44 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News










    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 07 to 14, 2024.

    





    

    Some code for Molecular Mechanics in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/some-code-for-mole=
cular-mechanics-in-ocaml-ann/14610/1

    

    


    

    UnixJunkie announced
    

    

    
Recently, I released a bunch of code for some Molecular Mechanics
calculations in OCaml.

    


    
This is pretty much at the beta stage for the moment.

    


    
https://github.com/UnixJunkie=
/MMO

    


    
Maybe in the future I will create a proper library to encapsulate
the Mol and Mol2 modules in there; they allow to perform
some operations on small molecules.

    


    
For those interested, there is a partial implementation of the Universal Fo=
rce Field (UFF)
in there; only the part concerning non-bonded interactions.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml.org Newsletter: April 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-org-newsletter-april-2024/1=
4611/1

    

    


    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the April 2024 edition of the OCaml.org newsletter! This update =
has been compiled by the OCaml.org team. You can find previous updates on Discuss.

    


    
Our goal is to make OCaml.org the best resource for anyone who wants to get=
 started and be productive in OCaml. The OCaml.org newsletter provides an u=
pdate on our progress towards that goal and an overview of the changes we a=
re working on.

    


    
We couldn't do it without all the amazing people who help us review, revise=
, and create better OCaml documentation and work on issues. Your participat=
ion enables us to so much more than we could just by ourselves. Thank you!

    


    
This newsletter covers:

    

      

    • OCaml Cookbook: We shipped a new, community-driven section in th=
e Learn area. Help us make it really useful by contributing and reviewing r=
ecipes for common tasks!
      • 

    • Community & Marketing Pages Rework: We have UI designs for t=
he reworked and new pages of the community section and are starting work to=
 implement these.
      • 

    • General Improvements: As usual, we also worked on general mainte=
nance and improvements, so we're highlighting some of the work that happene=
d below.
      • 

    

    


    

    Open Issues for Contributors
    

    

    
You can find open issues for co=
ntributors here!

    


    
Here's some new (and as of time of writing this newsletter still open) issu=
es that were opened this month:

    



    

    


    

    The OCaml Cookbook
    

    

    
We shipped a new, community-driven section in the Learn area: the OCaml Coo=
kbook!

    


    
The OCaml Cookbook is a place where OCaml developers share how to solve com=
mon tasks using packages from the ecosystem.

    


    
A task is something that needs to be done inside a project. A recipe is a c=
ode sample and explanations on how to perform a task using a combination of=
 open source libraries.

    


    
The Cookbook now live at ocaml.org/c=
ookbook, but there are not a lot of recipes published yet.

    


    
Here's how we need your help:

    


      

    1. Help review open pull requests for cookbook recipes!
      2. 

    2. Contribute new recipes and tasks for the cookbook!
      3. 

    3. Suggest improvements to existing recipes and the UI.
      4. 

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    
    

    

    


    

    Community & Marketing Pages Rework
    

    

    
We have UI designs for the reworked and new pages of the =
community section and are starting work to implement these. We are open=
ing small issues for contributors to help. :orange_heart:=20

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    


    

    General Improvements and Data Additions
    

    

    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    





    

    Example of using LSP server in Emacs
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/example-of-using-lsp-server-=
in-emacs/14601/4

    

    


    

    Tim McGilchrist announced
    

    

    
I wrote a blog post about my setup https://lambdafoo.com/posts/2022-09-0=
7-ocaml-with-emacs-2022.html The only change I've made is to use =
envrc-mode rather than direnv-mode.

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune Developer Experience Feedback Form
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-developer-experience=
-feedback-form/14617/1

    

    


    

    ostera announced
    

    

    
The Dune team at Tarides is looking to =
get inputs from all of you to improve the Dune DX (developer experience), s=
o we've opened a small, ano=
nymous, unstructured feedback form to hear your ideas on how Dune could=
 be improved :camel:=20

    


    
We're looking forward to your ideas! :sparkles:=20

    

    

    

    





    

    DkML 2.1.1
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dkml-2-1-1/14620/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
Use https://ocaml.org/install if =
you are a first-time user (the install steps haven't changed).

    


    
The upgrade steps and release notes are available at https://gitlab.com/dkml/d=
istributions/dkml/-/releases/2.1.1. For those who are on 2.1.0, the upg=
rade is the following in PowerShell:

    


    1..6 | % {  @("bash","sh","with-dkml","ocamllsp","git","opam","dune","ocaml=
run") | % { taskkill /F /IM "$_.exe" }; Start-Sleep 1 }
winget upgrade dkml

    

    


    

    Major Changes
    

    

      

    • The opam repository is fixed to commit 6c3f73f4=
2890cc19f81eb1dec8023c2cd7b8b5cd for stability. If you need a new versi=
on of a package and can't wait for the next version of DkML, you can pin th=
at package's url (recommended) or float the opam repository with opam=
 repository set-url default git+https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository.gi=
t#main.
      • 

    • Windows SDK 10.0.22621.0 and VC 17.8 (14.38) added to allowed list. Thi=
s supports Visual Studio 2022, especially for GitLab CI.
      • 

    • New supported package: tiny_httpd
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Patches
    

    

    











    
Package
What
Issue

    
    


    
base_bigstring.v16.0
Implement memmem for Windows
https://github.com/janestreet/base_bigstring/issues/6

    


    
core_kernel.v0.16.0
MSVC fix didn't make it to 0.16.0
https://github.com/janestreet/core_kernel/pull/107

    
    

    

    

    


    

    Upgraded Packages
    

    

    











    
Package
From
To

    
    


    
dune (et al)
3.12.1
3.15.0

    


    
ocaml
4.14.0
4.14.2

    


    
ocamlformat (et al)
0.25.1
0.26.1

    


    
odoc
2.2.0
2.4.1

    


    
odoc-parser
2.0.0
2.4.1

    


    
lsp (et al)
1.16.2
1.17.0

    


    
mdx
2.3.0
2.4.1

    


    
ctypes (et al)
0.19.2-windowssupport-r7
0.19.2-windowssupport-r8

    


    
tiny_httpd
 
0.16

    
    

    


    
Thanks to OCaml Software Foundation for sponsoring DkML!

    

    

    

    

    





    

    A May update on wasm_of_ocaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-may-update-on-wasm-of-ocaml/14635=
/1

    

    


    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
Spring is over us and several months have passed since we last shared an update on WebAssembly compilation.

    

    


    

    Introduction
    

    

    
wasm_of_ocaml=
 is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to WebAssembly, similar to js_of_ocaml from which it was forked. wasm_of_ocaml offers a functional, almost drop-in replacement for <=
code>js_of_ocaml - with better performance.

    


    
For now, the compiler targets a JavaScript-hosted WebAssembly engine. The p=
roduced code furthermore requires the following Wasm extensions to run:

    


    

    


    

    Platform support
    

    


    

    


    

    wasm_of_ocaml news
    

    

    
Since the last update in December

    

      

    • J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me gave a talk about wasm_of_ocaml at the IN=
RIA Cambium seminar - slides available here
      • 

    • Olivier Nicole joined the wasm_of_ocaml effort
      • 

    • J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me and Olivier visited Jane Street to help them adopt wasm_of_ocaml
      • 

    


    
Notable features

    

      

    • Sourcemap support was added ocaml-wasm/wasm_of_ocaml#27

      • 

    • A first implementation of separate compilation was completed ocaml-wasm/wasm_of_oc=
aml#36

        

      • One can compile cmo and cma files, producing intermediate archive files=

        • 

      • Then the files can be linked together: relevant Wasm modules are put in=
 a directory, and JavaScript code is generated to load them and link them t=
ogether
        • 

      • 

    • Store long-lived toplevel values into globals ocaml-wasm/wasm_of_ocaml#30

        

      • The initialization code produced by wasm_of_ocaml can be l=
arge and contain a large number of variables. This is challenging to both b=
inaryen tools and the Wasm engines. The problem can be alleviated by storin=
g long-lived toplevel values into global variables. As an side benefit, man=
y closures can be statically allocated (since their free variables are now =
stored in globals), which again can provide performance improvements in the=
 remaining parts of the code.
        • 

      • 

    • Tuple syntax changes ocaml-wasm/wasm_of_ocaml#31

        

      • Prepared the switch to the new version of binaryen, which has small syn=
tax changes
        • 

      • 

    • Use the JS String Builtins proposal for string conversions when availab=
le ocaml-wa=
sm/wasm_of_ocaml#33
      • 

    • Improve the WAT (Wasm text format) output to be more readable ocaml-wasm/wasm_of=
_ocaml#34

        

      • Name local variables (they were just numbered) and use shorter names (t=
he names used to be systematically suffixed to ensure they were unique).

      • 

    


    
Other features and fixes

    



    
Binaryen fixes

    
    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml 5.2.0 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-2-0-released/14638/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The OCaml team has the pleasure of celebrating the birthday of Inge Lehmann=
 by announcing the
release of OCaml version 5.2.0.

    


    
Some of the highlights in OCaml 5.2.0 are:

    

      

    • Re-introduced GC compaction 
      
GC compaction can now be manually triggered by calling Gc.compact ()<=
/code> manually.
This is expected to be particularly useful for programs that wish to releas=
e memory
to the operating system after a temporary memory-intensive phase.
      • 


    • Restored native backend for POWER 64 bits 
      
With this restored backend, all 64 bits architecture supported in OCaml 4 a=
re
supported bin OCaml 5
      • 


    • Thread sanitizer support 
      
Thread sanitizer is a dynamic data race detector which instrument memory
accesses to detect and explain data races at execution time. Since the
instrumentation is costly (with a 2x to 7x slowdown), it must be enabled wi=
th
the ocaml-option-tsan configuration flag. (The reference manua=
l contains
more information on how to use TSAN.)
      • 


    • New Dynarray module 
      
This new standard library module provides a standard implementation for res=
izeable array,
which is guaranteed to be memory safe even in presence of data races.
      • 


    • New -H flag for hidden include directories 
      
This new flag makes it possible for build tools to split cleanly dependenci=
es
between direct (the dependencies explicitly added by the project) and indir=
ect
dependencies (the dependencies introduced by the direct dependencies) witho=
ut
the quirks of previous implementations.
      • 


    • Project-wide occurence metadata support for developer tools 
      
When compiling a module with the -bin-annot and -bin-ann=
ot-occurrences
flags, the compiler stores in the .cmt file an index of all oc=
curences of
values, types, modules, …
      • 


    • Raw identifiers 
      
To improve OCaml upward-compatibility, there is a new syntax for lowercase
identifiers, let \#if =3D 0, which works even if the identifie=
r is a keyword
in some OCaml versions. This change has been adopted in OCaml 5.2 in
preparation of the introduction of the effect keyword in OCaml=
 5.3
      • 


    • Local open in type expressions 
      
Local open are now allowed in type expression: val (+): Int64.(t ->=
; t -> t).
      • 

    


    
And a lot of incremental changes:

    


      

    • Around 20 new functions in the standard library besides the new Dynarra=
y module
(in the Array, Float, Format, =
Fun, In_channel, Out_channel, and Ra=
ndom modules )
      • 

    • Many fixes and improvements in the runtime
      • 

    • Many bug fixes
      • 

    


    
OCaml 5.2.0 is still a somewhat experimental release compared to the OCaml
4.14 branch. In particular

    


      

    • The Windows MSVC port is still unavailable.
      • 

    • Ephemeron performances need to be investigated.
      • 

    • statmemprof is being tested in the developer branch of OCa=
ml.
      • 

    • There are a number of known runtime concurrency or GC performance bugs
(that trigger under rare circumstances).
      • 

    


    
Since the Windows MSVC port and statmemprof are still missing, the maintena=
nce
support for OCaml 4.14 will be extended until at least the end of the year.

    


    
Please report any unexpected behaviours on the OCaml issue tracker and post any questions or com=
ments you might have here on discuss.

    


    
The full list of changes can be found in the changelog below.

    

    


    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.2.0

    


    
The source code for the release candidate is also directly available on:

    



    

    


    

    Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
    

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    


    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.1.0+options <opt=
ion_list>

    



    
where <option_list> is a space separated list of o=
caml-option-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and=
 no-flat-float-array switch:

    


    opam switch create 5.2.0+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.2.0+options ocaml-op=
tion-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    

    

    


    

    OCaml 5.2.0 Changelog (13 May 2024)
    

    

    
(Changelog elided to reduce message size. Please follow the archive link
above for the full message.)

    

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    



--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 21 May 2024 15:07:17 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 14 to 21, 2024.

    





    

    We Want Your Feedback on the odoc Developer Experience
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/we-want-yo=
ur-feedback-on-the-odoc-developer-experience/14646/1

    

    


    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hey all, =F0=9F=A7=A1=F0=9F=90=AB

    


    
the documentation team at Tarides is lo=
oking for input and feedback on odoc.

    


    
I would be super happy if everyone who uses odoc or would use odoc if it wo=
rked for them can drop an answer in this feedback form:

    


    
https://docs.google.com/=
forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfpZHlnbQjWolAhKJvn41aT5QJc7Gb7uZJSdtTT7MZeAdyMow/viewform=
?usp=3Dsf_link

    

    

    

    





    

    Windows compiler support in opam 2.2.0~beta2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/windows-compiler-sup=
port-in-opam-2-2-0-beta2/14648/1

    

    


    

    David Allsopp announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the entire opam team, but also with a personal sense of relief=
, I'm very pleased to announce that the process of upstreaming support for =
Windows OCaml to opam-repository in ocaml/opam-repository#25861 finally started on=
 Friday!

    


    
There's a full =
blog post with details on how you can try this out now with opam 2.2.0~=
beta2. The TL;DR, assuming you have winget on your Windows system (open the=
 Microsoft Store app and install the App Installer package from Microsoft if you don't)=
 then you can issue:

    


    winget install Git.Git

    


    
if you don't have Git for Windows and:

    


    winget install opam

    


    
if you don't yet have the 2.2.0~beta2 binary. You must then launch a fre=
sh Command Prompt / PowerShell session. For there, you can then run:

    


    opam init git+https://github.com/dra27/opam-repository.git#windows-initial

    


    
or

    


    opam init -a --no-git-location --cygwin-internal-install git+https://github=
.com/dra27/opam-repository.git#windows-initial

    


    
if you'd like to be asked fewer questions. There is a known and big paus=
e when updating the repository. However, after a little bit of time (co=
ffee, or a sword battle, if that's yo=
ur thing), you should then be faced with a fully initialised opam with ocam=
l-base-compiler.5.2.0 installed for the mingw-w64 amd64 port of native Wind=
ows opam.

    


    
Things with depexts will likely not work: the blog post contains details on=
 how to get started with PRs, but issues are also helpful.

    


    
The blog post covers what we regard as the "default use case" - that is a n=
ative Windows user expecting to use this new OCaml thing they heard about n=
atively. i.e. not running in WSL or Cygwin or MSYS2 or any other "are you s=
ure can't just install Linux on that?" approach.

    


    
However, all the other use cases matter too! You're meant to be able to run=
 native Windows opam from your own Cygwin or MSYS2 mintty bash terminal; we=
 are aiming for the opam 2.2.0 binary to be a drop-in replacement (apart fr=
om setting os-distribution to "cygwinports") for =
"OCaml for Windows" for legacy use with the "sunset" repository; you're meant to b=
e able to provide your own Cygwin or MSYS2 installation if you really need =
to (and you really might!). But we do need help testing all of it =F0=9F=99=
=82

    


    
We anticipate one further beta of opam 2.2.0 by the end of the month. From =
the Windows perspective, this will fix a known bug in the environment varia=
ble handling (see oca=
ml/opam#5838) but will also hopefully straighten out the behaviour of <=
code>opam init for some of these "non-default" use cases. We're then=
 hoping to rocket towards a release candidate in June =F0=9F=9A=80

    


    
Happy Windows hacking! Please open issues; please ask for further help; ple=
ase have fun!

    


    
David, on behalf of the opam team.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Workshop 2024 at ICFP – announcement and call for=
 proposals
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/o=
caml-workshop-2024-at-icfp-announcement-and-call-for-proposals/14371/6

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Sonja Heinze said
    

    

    
One more update, this time about hybrid modalities: We now have the confirm=
ation from sigplan (the organizers behind ICFP) that we'll have the same hy=
brid modalities as last year :tada: So in particular, speakers can give tal=
ks remotely via a Zoom call. We'll also make sure this time that the remote=
 speaker can see the audience over the call. To promote a good atmosphere, =
communication and engagement, we do prefer to have most talks in-person, bu=
t remote talks will be most welcome as well. So, don't hesitate to submit a=
 talk even if you can't make it in person.

    


    
Cheers,
@Arma=C3=ABl and @pitag

    


    
PD: Once the time comes closer, we'll give detail on youtube live and disco=
rd links for remote attendance as well

    

    

    



    

    Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni then added
    

    

    
Thanks, this update about hybridity should also be true for the ML workshop.

    

    

    

    





    

    Odoc syntax cheatsheet
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-odoc-syntax-cheatsheet/14658/1

    

    


    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
Hello!

    


    
I'm happy to announce the addition of a cheatsheet for odoc's syntax!

    


    
I hope it will make it less painful to learn or refresh yourself on the top=
ic. The full=
 syntax reference is still useful to have some details.

    


    
Have {b fun} :slight_smile: !

    

    

    

    





    

    DkCoder 0.2 - Scripting in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dkcoder-0-2-scripting-in-ocaml/145=
60/2

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
The 0.3 version is now available. It has a publicly accessible https://github.com/diskuv/dkcoder so =
issues can be filed, and cohttp 6.0.0~beta2 is now bundled.

    


    
Most important, 0.3 was sufficient to build the real production service https:=
//gitlab.com/diskuv/samples/devops/DkSubscribeWebhook. It has a Dockerf=
ile and Docker Compose for easy deployment to production, and the Docker co=
ntainer is based on Google's https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless#=
readme for a "small" size (well, 100MB is not small but it is not big e=
ither). The only executable in the container is ocamlrunx (no =
/bin/sh, etc.). In an ideal world where I had more time the se=
rvice would be embedded inside MirageOS instead.

    

    

    

    





    

    Imandra SysML Transpiler Internship Opportunity!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/imandra-sysml-tra=
nspiler-internship-opportunity/14660/1

    

    


    

    Ben Bellick announced
    

    

    
I wanted to share an opportunity for a summer internship with Imandra!

    


    
If you're someone with an interest in writing production OCaml or using a b=
attle-worn automated theorem prover in an industry setting, please apply!

    


    
It is based in Austin, TX.=20

    


    
You can find more details and apply here.=20

    


    
Thanks!

    

    

    

    





    

    Bam - A property-based testing with internal shrinking
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bam-=
a-property-based-testing-with-internal-shrinking/14661/1

    

    


    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Thir=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
I am excited to introduce Bam, a robust and versatile property-based=
 testing (PBT) library. Bam simplifies the process of testing properties ac=
ross a wide range of randomly generated values, making it easier to identif=
y and debug issues in your code.

    

    


    

    Key Features
    

    

      

    • Monad-like Generators: Create new generators easily with a monad=
-like pattern that works seamlessly with shrinking mechanisms.
      • 

    • PPX Support: Automatically derive generators based on type descr=
iptions. The customizable deriver ensures smooth integration into your code=
base.
      • 

    • Tezt Integration: Integrates with the Tezt test framework, provi=
ding a user-friendly experience, especially notable in debugging scenarios.=

      • 

    • Internal Shrinking: Various default shrinking strategies help ef=
ficiently pinpoint minimal counterexamples. Internal shrinking ensures that=
 only 'smaller' values are used during the process, and this is done in a w=
ay that is compatible with the monad-like operators.
      • 

    • Custom Shrinking: Define custom shrinkers that work well with th=
e existing shrinking strategies.
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Installation
    

    

    
You can install Bam using opam:

    


    opam install bam tezt-bam

    

    

    


    

    Getting started
    

    

    
Here is an example to get you started:

    


    

    open Tezt_bam

type t =3D Foo of {a: int; b: string} | Bar of int list [@@deriving gen]=

(** The deriver creates=
 a value [val =
gen : t Bam.Std.t]. *)

let register () =3D
  let property =3D function
    | Foo=
 {a; b} ->
        if a >=
 1_000 && String.contains b 'z'<=
/span> then
          Error<=
/span> (`Fail "A counter-example was found")
        else Ok ()
    | Bar=
 [1; 2; 3; 4] ->
        Error `Bad_value<=
/span>
    | Bar=
 _ ->
        Ok ()
  in=20=20
  Pbt.register ~__FILE__ ~title:<=
span style=3D"color: #ca3400;">"Simple example of bam" ~tags:["bam"; "simple"]
    ~gen ~property ()

let _ =3D=20
    register ();
    Test.run ()

    

    


    
There are several more detailed examples in the repository to show you around=
 the library.

    

    

    


    

    Contributions
    

    

    
Contributions from the community are welcome! If you have ideas, bug report=
s, or improvements, feel free to share them!

    

    

    

    



    

    Kakadu asked and Fran=C3=A7ois Thir=C3=A9 replied
    

    

    

    
Can it be compared to https:/=
/github.com/c-cube/qcheck/ ?

    

    


    
My work around Bam started after using "QCheck" and especially "QChe=
ck2" quite a lot for the Tezos project.

    


    
With respect to QCheck, QCheck2 came with "integrated" shrinking allowing t=
o derive automatically shrinkers for generators. This aim
to simplify debugging when a counter-example is found, so that a smaller ex=
ample is reported to the user.

    


    
However, this came with a cost:

    

      

    • Performance-wise, there was a regression from "QCheck", especially the =
time taken to report a counter-example because the shrinking process was ta=
king a lot of time
      • 

    • At some point, we even faced an issue were the shrinking process never =
ended. We started to implement an ad-hoc shrinker but it was not working ei=
ther and we never really figured out. The solution was to deactivate shrink=
ing
      • 

    • There are other UX considerations: debugging can be tedious (especially=
 "hello" debugging)
      • 

    


    
So basically Bam started as an experiment to understand shrinking an=
d come up with something easier to understand and compose
better. This is why bam relies mainly on monadic operators.

    


    
This makes the writing of generators easier, the shrinking is internal ensuring the shrinking won't create new value. If you use
the mondic operator of QCheck2, last time I checked it was not the case. Th=
is is why to create a generator for a pair, it is
recommended to use tup2 instead of monadic operators.

    


    
Using monadic-operators allows you also to have a smaller kernel that is ho=
pefully easier to maintain.

    


    
I also developped the integration of bam with Tezt in a way to avoid=
 currently pitfalls we had with QCheck2:

    

      

    • You can easily control the stopping condition of the test
      • 

    • The test can be easily run in parallel or in a loop mode to help you fi=
nd a counter-example quicker
      • 

    • The runner can fail if not enough values were generated or execution wa=
s too long (likely due to a regression)
      • 

    • It captures the output, so that only the one for the counter-example pr=
inted is shown. This is very handy during debugging. Otherwise, it is quite=
 tedious to understand which line comes from which attempt
      • 

    • It is easy to opt-out from shrinking if it takes too much time. Can be =
useful for a CI. Shrinking only needs to be executed locally (assuming the =
property is deterministic) with a given seed
      • 

    


    
I also had some fun trying to define shrinking strategies allowing you to s=
kip elements in a list. This is very handy when your
property is about running a scenario made of a list of actions (a use-case =
very close to the monolith library from Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier).
In general the initial counter-example contains superfluous actions. Such a=
 strategy allows you to remove them to easy the debugging.

    


    
I don't have concrete data to compare Bam with QCheck2 at the moment. Let m=
e know if you have ideas to make an objective comparison
between those two libraries.

    

    

    

    





    

    Stitch - Note Managing for Unorganized Minimalists
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/stitch-note-mana=
ging-for-unorganized-minimalists/14664/1

    

    


    

    Marc Coquand announced
    

    

    
Hey everyone!

    


    
I wanted to share a cli tool built in OCaml I've been working on, that was =
only possible with the help of the community. :slight_smile:=20

    


    
The tool is called stitch, and is a minimal note-managing tool that aims to=
 be a good unix citizen. It allows you to take notes in whatever format/edi=
tor you want while spending minimal time organizing them.

    


    
I built it using Cmdliner, Notty and Shexp. I'm drafting a longer writeup t=
o share the challenges and general experience, but in short all three libra=
ries were a bit short on examples but ultimately excellent and very easy to=
 work with. Afterward, packaging everything turned out to be a bit harder.

    


    
Some screenshots: overview, t=
odo, fu=
ll-notes.

    


    
And link to repo:

    


    
https://git.mccd.space=
/pub/stitch/about/

    


    
It's still in it's early days and the code-base is a bit messy. But I use i=
t as my daily driver for notes. :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    





    

    7 OCaml Gotchas
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-7-ocaml-gotchas/14667/1

    

    


    

    Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! :wave:=20

    


    
I've been using OCaml for a while, and I'm quite enjoying the language. In =
my not-so-long journey, I discovered a few surprising OCaml behaviours, so =
I decided to share them with everyone in a blog post.

    




    
I hope it reduces frustration for newcomers when they see something unexpec=
ted for the first time!

    

    

    

    





    

    Using OCaml on windows with WSL
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-using-ocaml-on-windows-=
with-wsl/14671/1

    

    


    

    PizieDust announced
    

    

    
When I got started in OCaml, my setup was basically a dual boot of Windows =
11 and Ubuntu. I had a few issues setting up OCaml on windows at the time a=
nd started looking up WSL and if it was a good alternative (I really dislik=
ed having to dual boot always). So I wrote this article detailing exactly h=
ow I setup OCaml on WSL and have been using it for the past 12 months with =
no issues. So if you are looking to get started with programming in OCaml o=
n windows, this article is for you.

    


    
How to setup OCaml on Windows with WSL

    


    
Note:
opam 2.2 makes it a breeze using OCaml on windows natively so =
if you are particularly interested about using OCaml without WSL you should=
 check it out.

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    



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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 21 to 28, 2024.

    





    

    odoc Documentation Improvements
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/odoc-documentation-improvements/1=
4674/1

    

    


    

    Christine announced
    

    

    
The odoc team is working to improve the documentation, so we're reaching out to the communi=
ty to find out these things:

    

      

    • Are you using odoc? If so, how do you use it? What are you=
r thoughts?
      • 

    • What parts of the documentation have been helpful?
      • 

    • What's missing?
      • 

    • What suggestions do you have for improvement?
      • 

    • What are you pain points for either/both the documentation or the tool =
itself?
      • 

    


    
Your input is more valuable than I can express. Looking forward to your ans=
wers!

    

    

    

    





    

    Using OCaml on windows with WSL
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-using-ocaml-on-windows-=
with-wsl/14671/2

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Lukasz Stafiniak announced

    

    
I have a somewhat related blog post How to update or install a new Linux dist=
ribution on WSL.

    

    

    

    





    

    binsec 0.9.1
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-binsec-0-9-1/14677/1

    

    


    

    Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Recoules announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the BINSEC team, I am glad to announce that version 0.9.=
1 now lives in Opam.

    


    
As a short introduction, BINSEC is an open-source program analyzer develope=
d at CEA List  to help improve s=
oftware security at the binary level. It has been successfully applied  in a number of secu=
rity-related contexts, such as vulnerability finding, (malware) deobfuscati=
on, decompilation, formal verification of assembly code or even binary-leve=
l formal verification.

    


    
The version 0.9 refactors the SMT solver API, enabling new kin=
ds of interaction (incremental solving) and paving the way to more s=
upport to internal solver bindings (bitwuzla, bitwuzla-cxx, z3).

    


    
More information can be found on the =
website , including p=
ublications , tutorials  or contacts=
, but also the description of this release  as well as previous ones.

    

    

    

    





    

    UDP multicast examples using async and lwt
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-udp-multicas=
t-examples-using-async-and-lwt/14678/1

    

    


    

    Foxder announced
    

    

    
I am very new to OCaml and have been enjoying learning the language. I was =
looking for examples of simple UDP multicast senders and receivers and coul=
d not find any great ones (please let me know if I missed some) so I went a=
bout creating some examples for myself and anyone in the future.=20

    


    
I created examples using both async and lwt for c=
oncurrency. If anyone has feedback, I would gladly take it to improve on th=
e examples.=20

    



    

    

    





    

    opam 2.1.6
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-1-6/14683/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
We are pleased to announce the minor release of opam 2.1.6.

    


    
This opam release consists of backported fixes, of which the main ones are:

    

      

    • Warn users when GNU patch cannot be found. This is require=
d for opam-repository maintainers to go forward in implementing ocaml/opam-repositor=
y#23789 so that there are as little breakage as possible.
      • 

    • Improve depexts handling on Gentoo, NetBSD and OpenBSD.
      • 

    


    
You=E2=80=99ll find more information in the release blog post.

    


    
To upgrade simply run:

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.1.6"

    


    
or upgrade your distribution of choice if their opam package is up-to-date.

    

    

    

    










    

    Merlin 5.0-502
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-merlin-5-0-502/14685/1

    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
We are pleased to announce the release of merlin 5.0-502 !

    

    


    

    Support for OCaml 5.2
    

    

    
This release brings official support for OCaml 5.2. Substantial backend chang=
es were required to adapt to this release, especially for features such as =
occurrences and get-documentation. Do not hesitate to report any suspicious=
 behavior in the issue t=
racker!

    

    

    


    

    Other changes
    

    

    
This release also fixes a handful of issues:

    

      

    • Destruct: Removal of residual patterns (#1737, fixes #1560)
      • 

    • Destruct: Do not erase fields' names when destructing punned record fie=
lds (#1734, fixes=
 #1661)
      • 

    • Ignore SIGPIPE in the Merlin server process (#1746)
      • 

    • Fix lexing of quoted strings in comments (#1754, fixes #1753)
      • 

    • Improve cursor position detection in longidents (#1756)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Launching the First-Class Windows Project
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/launching-the-first-cla=
ss-windows-project/14687/1

    

    


    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
I'm excited to introduce the First-Class Windows Project, which aims to mak=
e OCaml more accessible by enhancing the developer experience on Windows to=
 match that of Linux and macOS. Our goal is to create a roadmap outlining t=
he steps needed to fully support OCaml on Windows.

    


    
Check our blog post for details: https://tarides.com/blog/2=
024-05-22-launching-the-first-class-windows-project/

    


    
As always, happy to receive questions and feedback.

    

    

    

    





    

    Chennai OCaml meetup: June 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/chennai-ocaml-meetup-june-2024/146=
95/1

    

    


    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
Hi all! We're hosting an OCaml meetup at the Tarides Chennai offices. We ha=
ve some interesting talks followed by informal conversations over food.

    


    
@kayceesrk will be speaking about Concurrent Programming with Effect Handle=
rs. We have an open slot for another talk, please get in touch if you'd lik=
e to present something.

    


    
People of all backgrounds and level of OCaml welcome. RSVP at the following=
 link: https://www.meetup.com/chennai-ocaml-meetup/eve=
nts/301193020/?utm_medium=3Dreferral&utm_campaign=3Dshare-btn_savedeven=
ts_share_modal&utm_source=3Dlink

    


    
Looking forward to seeing some of you there!

    

    

    

    





    

    Caper 1.0
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caper-1-0/14696/1

    

    


    

    niksu announced
    

    

    
Caper has now reached v1.0,=
 some 5+ years after development first started.

    


    
Caper is a tool for understanding and processing =E2=80=9Cpcap expressions=
=E2=80=9D (also known as tcpdump filters) which are used for network=
 packet analysis. It is entirely written in OCaml and includes pcap analysi=
s logic, a from-scratch BPF compiler, and conversion to/from English expres=
sions.

    


    
You can use Caper online through the BPF Exam site.

    


    
Caper=E2=80=99s README describes motivation, building, and usage examples, =
and its CHANGELOG describes recent updates.

    


    
A huge thanks goes to Caper=E2=80=99s contributors. Further contributions a=
nd feedback are welcome =E2=80=93 a list of contribution ideas is included =
on Caper=E2=80=99s web page.

    

    

    

    





    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/22

    

    


    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
Our next meeting is scheduled on Tuesday May 28th at 6:00PM CET.

    


    
I'll post the google meet link here on the day of the meeting.

    


    
In the meantime, here is the meeting agenda so far:

    


      

    • 5.2 Release

        

      • Released during compiler's beta, went smoothly
        • 

      • 

    • 5.3 trunk support

        

      • Reused the work from @hhugo and adapted it
        • 

      • We have an open PR with 5.3 support that needs review
        • 

      • External contributors already started adding support for new features:
@nojb added support for the effects patterns and an internal change to loca=
tion reports
        • 

      • How to maintain trunk support on our main branch
        • 

      • 

    • ppx_deriving and ppx_deriving_yojson ppxlib p=
orts

        

      • PRs open for the release of both
        • 

      • A few bug fixes were required but it should be good to go now
        • 

      • 

    • 5.2 internal AST bump

        

      • Now that the 5.2 support has been released, we can discuss the plan for=
 this
        • 

      • 

    


    
If you'd like to bring something else up please answer in this thread so we=
 can add it to the agenda.

    


    
You are also welcome to attend the meeting, whether you have something to b=
ring to our attention, would like to contribute to the project or are just =
interested in ppxlib and ppx in general.

    

    

    

    





    

    Tarides GitHub Sponsorship Page =E2=80=93 Supporting the OCam=
l Community Together
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/tarides-github-sponsorship-page-supporting-the-ocaml-community-toget=
her/14705/1

    

    


    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
I am happy to share that Tarides now ha=
s a GitHub Sponsorship page, live here https://github.com/sponsors/tarides! =F0=9F=8E=89 As a part=
 of the vibrant OCaml community, Tarides is dedicated to supporting both th=
e projects and the individuals who make this ecosystem thrive.

    


    
Why GitHub Sponsorship?

    


    
The OCaml community is filled with many talented individual contributors an=
d collectives who deserve your support, such as Daniel, Antonio, Lea=
ndro,  Robur and many others.=
 We encourage you to sponsor them directly to support their work.

    


    
But now, you can also sponsor Tarides! Creating a GitHub Sponsorship page is an important step for=
 us, aimed at sustaining projects that currently lack direct, stable revenu=
e sources. While we are thankful for long-term sponsors such as Jane Street=
 and Tezos, we want to diversify our open-source funding stream to ensure t=
he long-term stability and sustainability of core infrastructure projects w=
e are working on for the community.

    


    
What Can You Expect?

    


    
On our sponsorship page, you=E2=80=99ll find detailed information about our=
 ongoing projects, including:

    


      

    • OCaml Compiler: Maintaining ease of use, correctness, and perfor=
mance of the compiler(s).
      • 

    • OCaml Platform: Ensuring core tools evolve and are compatible wi=
th new OCaml releases.
      • 

    • OCaml.org: Maintaining the central knowledge base for the OCaml =
community.
      • 

    • Advanced Projects: Such as MirageOS, Irmin and Eio.
      • 

    


    
Your support will directly contribute to the sustainability of these projec=
ts and allow us to continue our work and maintain these libraries and tools.

    


    
How You Can Help

    


    
We invite you to visit our =
GitHub Sponsorship page to learn more about our projects and how you ca=
n get involved. We welcome any suggestions or comments on how we can improv=
e and better serve the community.

    


    
Commercial Support

    


    
While this annoucement is about the ongoing maintenance of our core open-so=
urce projects, we are also available to organize training, develop custom e=
xtensions, or provide long-term commercial support for these projects. [Get=
 in touch](mailto:contact@tarides.co=
m) for more details.

    


    
Thank for your support,
Thomas, on behalf of the Tarides Team

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 04 Jun 2024 15:26:19 +0200
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 28 to June 04, 20=
24.

    





    

    v0.17 release of Jane Street packages
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-v0-17-release-of-ja=
ne-street-packages/14717/1

    

    


    

    Diana Kalinichenko announced
    

    

    
v0.17 release of Jane Street packages

    


    
Dear OCaml developers,

    


    
We are pleased to announce the v0.17 release of Jane Street packages!

    


    
This release comes with 15 new packages and a multitude of new features and=
 fixes.

    

    


    

    Switch to OCaml 5.1
    

    

    
We are switching Base and all our packages (except sexplib0) t=
o OCaml 5.1 and above. We are also switching sexplib0 to 4.14 =
to take advantage of the Tail Recursion Modulo Cons optimization in the com=
piler.

    

    

    


    

    Core on OCaml 5.2
    

    

    
Due to some changes to Stdlib.Gc in OCaml 5.2, core.v0.1=
7.0 fails to compile with that language version. We will release a f=
ix that allows using Core with OCaml 5.2 soon.

    

    

    


    

    Torch and VCaml
    

    

    
Due to some issues with their builds, torch.v0.17.0 and =
vcaml.v0.17.0 were omitted from the main v0.17 release. We will soon=
 submit those packages to opam.

    

    

    




    

    New packages
    

    

    
async_log =E2=80=93=
 a logging library for Async code, moved from async_unix

    


    
capitalization=
 =E2=80=93 a library for case conventions and renaming identifiers

    


    
codicons =E2=80=93 i=
cons from VS Code for use with Bonsai

    


    
gel =E2=80=93 a library t=
o mark non-record fields global for use with our compiler extensions

    


    
hardcam=
l_event_driven_sim =E2=80=93 a simulator library for Hardcaml

    


    
ocaml_int=
rinsics_kernel =E2=80=93 a split from ocaml_intrinsics com=
patible with javascript

    


    
ocaml_ope=
napi_generator =E2=80=93 an OpenAPI 3 to OCaml client generator

    


    
ppx_diff =E2=80=93 a=
 ppx for generation of diffs and update functions for OCaml types.

    


    
ppx_embed_file=
 =E2=80=93 a ppx that allows embedding files directly into executables/libr=
aries as strings or bytes

    


    
ppxlib_jane =E2=
=80=93 utilities for working with Jane Street AST constructs

    


    
ppx_quick_test=
 =E2=80=93 a ppx providing an ergonomic wrapper for quickcheck tests, simil=
ar to ppx_inline_test

    


    
ppx_string_conv =E2=80=93 deriving to_string~and ~of_string

    


    
uopt =E2=80=93 unsafe op=
tion type that does not allocate, moved from core_kernel

    


    
versi=
oned_polling_state_rpc =E2=80=93 helper functions for versioned P=
olling_state_rpc.t

    


    
virtual_dom_=
toplayer =E2=80=93 bindings for the floating_positioning j=
avascript library

    

    

    

    

    





    

    jsonschema2atd, Generate an ATD file from a JSON Schema / Open=
API document
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.o=
caml.org/t/ann-jsonschema2atd-generate-an-atd-file-from-a-json-schema-opena=
pi-document/14718/1

    

    


    

    Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
Ahrefs has released jsonschema2atd, a cli tool to convert an OpenAPI or Jso=
n Schema specification into an atd file.

    


    
Quite a lot of api out there are now publishing some kind of spec for their=
 expected input our output. It's often done through a a JSON Schema or Open=
API document. The goal of this tool is to save time for large api by doing =
a mechanical translation to an atd file instead of writing all the types by=
 hand.

    


    
Unfortunately the world is kind of a mess. Most of the specs we have seen a=
re not following a specific version of openapi/jsonschema but contain a bit=
 of everything. jsonschema2atd does its best to do the right thing, but the=
re are probably cases that aren't covered.

    


    
The generated code might also not be optimal. It often deserves some hand c=
leanup and a bit of renaming. Hopefully it still gives a good head start.

    


    
Thanks to Egor Chemokhonenko for t=
his work.

    


    
The code is available at https://github.com/ahrefs/jsonschema2atd

    


    
And there is a package that is published on opam https://ocaml.org/p/jsonschema2atd/latest

    

    

    

    





    

    opam-repository policy change: checksums (no md5) and no extra=
-files
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/ann-opam-repository-policy-change-checksums-no-md5-and-no-extra-files/=
14720/1

    

    


    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
the opam-repository policy just changed to not accept md5-only checksums=
, and also to avoid extra-files in packages (use extra-source in=
stead).

    

    


    

    NOTE:
    

    

    
If you encounter issues during opam update, please make sure t=
o have opam 2.1.6 installed, and gpatch (especial=
ly on BSD systems and macOS). This may break silently, if you encounter iss=
ues, please rm -rf ~/.opam/repo/default && opam update defaul=
t See further notes in https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/issues/25961<=
/a>

    

    

    


    

    What has been achieved?
    

    



    
These changes were automated using opam admin migrate-extrafiles and opam admin add-hashes (using the branch https://github.com/ha=
nnesm/opam/tree/migrate-extra-files). There is a utility to check that =
existing files and md5 checksums are still present in the new opam-reposito=
ry https://githu=
b.com/hannesm/opam-check-checksum.

    

    

    


    

    Impact on users and developers
    

    

      

    • A lot of packages will want to be recompiled on opam upgrade (since checksum changed, extra-files/extra-source was modified) –=
 sorry for the extensive use of CPU time
      • 

    • If you need to include a patch or an extra file for your opam package, =
you will need to host it elsewhere. You can host it using a gist (https://gist.github.com), or on your serve=
r. All the extra-source will be cached by opam.ocaml.org=
.
      • 

    

    

    


    

    The reasoning for this change
    

    

    
Apart from making the mental model of "how does opam-repository work" easie=
r (since there's no more any files subdirectory which includes=
 files that are added during the build), it also makes the approach to cryp=
tographically sign the repository much smoother (since we can now rely on n=
on-weak hash algorithms and don't need to compute more hashes, and not need=
 to add further hashes to the repository).

    


    
We needed to get both (weak hashes AND removing extra-files) through at som=
e point, it has been done today.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Camlkit – macOS/iOS/GNUstep toolkit for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-camlkit-macos=
-ios-gnustep-toolkit-for-ocaml/14722/1

    

    


    

    borisd announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the alpha release of Camlkit.=20
Camlkit provides OCaml bindings to a collection of Cocoa frameworks on macO=
S, iOS, and GNUstep. Currently available are Foundation, AppKit, UIKit, Web=
Kit, CoreImage, Photos, and Vision.

    


    
The package camlkit for macOS/GNUstep development is available=
 from OPAM. The key libraries to add to your dune file are camlkit-ba=
se.foundation and camlkit-gui.appkit.

    


    
iOS development requires a cross-toolchain. The package is named camlkit-ios. UIKit is in the library camlkit-gui.uikit.

    


    
Other useful resources:

    



    
More information is available on the project's github page. Feedback and contributions are welcome. =
I hope we can make OCaml viable for GUI development and on mobile. Happy ha=
cking!

    

    

    

    





    

    position for MoonBit advocate
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-part-time-positio=
n-for-moonbit-advocate/14726/1

    

    


    

    Hongbo Zhang announced
    

    

    
MoonBit is ML language inspired by Rust, Go and OCaml, it was announced wit=
h a Wasm backen=
d, and recently we added a JavaScript backend, we plan to ship a native backend this y=
ear.

    


    
It is similar to OCaml, the main difference is that we have traits, zero-co=
st generics and modern tooling support. You are welcome to DM for more deta=
ils.

    

    

    

    





    

    Why is there no tradition of CLI and TUI apps?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/why-is-there-no-tr=
adition-of-cli-and-tui-apps/14628/17

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Jazz announced
    

    

    
I once created a command-line bookmarking tool called Favemarks in OCaml using Janestreet's C=
ore Command.

    

    

    

    





    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/23

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
The meeting notes are now available from the last meeting.

    


    
Thanks to everyone who attended the meeting. The next meeting is set for [d=
ate=3D2024-06-18 time=3D17:00:00 timezone=3D"Europe/London"], if that chang=
es we'll post to this thread. Hope to see you there!

    

    

    

    





    

    Yojson 2.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-yojson-2-2-0/14737/1

    

    


    

    Marek Kubica announced
    

    

    
Hello fellow Camel-wranglers,

    


    
It's my pleasure to announce the release of Yojson 2.2.0 which you can find=
 in your neighborhood opam-rep=
ository.

    


    
The most important highlights include:

    


      

    • JSON5 support. Getting annoyed by da=
ngling commas being a problem or the inability to use comments? JSON5 is ba=
sically JSON but with the object syntax of ECMAScript 5.1 which allows some=
 additional features like unquoted keys, dangling commas or well, comments.=
 This has been in the works for years but finally made it to the finish-lin=
e. The new JSON5 parser requires sedlex and at least OCaml 4.0=
8, thus it is part of the yojson-five package. Its usage mimics the Yojson package;=
 there exist both Basic and Safe variants and the=
 AST matches the JSON variants.
      • 

    • No CPPO dependency anymore. Given the large amount of reverse-dependenc=
ies on Yojson, each dependency of Yojson is going to be a dependency of a l=
ot of packages, thus keeping the dependency cone small makes everything (sl=
ightly) faster. As such, instead of using CPPO as a compile-time dependency=
 we now use =C2=B5C=
PPO as a light-weight alternative. =C2=B5CPPO is meant for embedding as=
 part of the build process and supports a tiny subset of what CPPO supports=
 but without an extra package.
      • 

    


    
Happy de- and encoding!

    

    

    

    





    

    Grace 0.2.0 =F0=9F=92=85, fancy diagnostics library for compil=
ers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-grace=
-0-2-0-fancy-diagnostics-library-for-compilers/14741/1

    

    


    

    "Alistair O'Brien announced
    

    

    
I'm excited to announce the release of grace 0.2.0, an OCaml library for building,=
 reporting and rendering beautiful compiler diagnostics :camel: :paintbrush=
:. Now available on opam-repository.

    


    
The three main features of this release include:

    

      

    • :books: UTF8 support: Source files can now contain Unicode chara=
cters, including emojis =E2=9A=A1=EF=B8=8F =F0=9F=8C=88 =F0=9F=9A=80, with =
proper rendering of ASCII art for errors.
      • 


    • :1234: Error Codes: Diagnostics can now include short, searchabl=
e error codes. Allowing compilers to integrate a Rust-like error code index.


    • =F0=9F=A4=8F Compact ANSI Errors: Grace_ansi_renderer now supports a pp_compact_diagnostic for concise error mess=
ages, displaying only the file location and the error message.
      • 

    



    

    3D"31ba975d2cf=

    

    


    
Tap into the power of Grace for your error reporting! Happy hacking =F0=9F=
=91=A8=E2=80=8D=F0=9F=92=BB

    

    


    

    CHANGES:
    

    

      

    • fix(renderer): remove uncessary underlines when printing a unique 'mult=
i-line Top marker' (#31)
      • 

    • fix(renderer): replace unicode chars with ASCII in Config.ascii (#27)
      • 

    • feat(renderer): add NO_COLOR and TERM support=
 to Config (#8)
      • 

    • feat(core,renderer): add support for error codes (#30)
      • 

    • feat(renderer): add support for UTF8 encoding (#25)
      • 

    • feat(renderer): re-introduce support for compact diagnostic rendering (=
#28)
      • 

    • refactor(renderer)!: move grace.renderer library to =
grace.ansi_renderer (#29)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    BREAKING CHANGE
    

    

      

    • Grace_rendering has been removed. Use Grace_ansi_ren=
derer instead.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    First release of Slipshow on opam!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-slipsh=
ow-on-opam/14743/1

    

    


    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the first release of slipshow on opam.

    


    
Slipshow is a presentation tool to create presentation that are not based o=
n slides, but on more continuous transitions, similar to scrolling.

    



    

    3D"slip_scroll.gif"

    

    


    
You can find more information and examples on the project repo and on the documentation.

    


    
How is that related to the OCaml community? While the "runtime"/"engine" is=
 still written in javascript (I did not know OCaml back then, but there is =
a plan to re=
write it), the compiler is written in OCaml! And I am really grateful for t=
he many authors of open source libraries, of very high quality, that I depe=
nd on and could do nothing without them :) Thanks a lot to al=
l OCaml library and tool authors!

    


    $ opam update
$ opam install slipshow
# create and open ~source.md~ in your editor
$ slipshow --serve source.md

    


    
Hope it can be useful :D

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 04 to 11,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Providing Opam system dependancies with Nix
ppx_deriving.6.0.2 and ppx_deriving_yojson.3.8.0
Effective ML Through Merlin's Destruct Command
OCaml Windows Working Group
Flambda2 Ep. 2: Loopifying Tail-Recursive Functions, by OCamlPro
OCaml Platform Newsletter: March-May 2024
OCaml.org Newsletter: May 2024
OCaml Windows Working Group
Registration for Fun OCaml 2024 Opens Shortly
opam 2.2.0~beta3
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Providing Opam system dependancies with Nix
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
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=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Ryan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've opened a [PR] with input from @dra27 and @avsm adding support for
  Nix depexts (system dependencies) to Opam.

  Opam supports system dependencies for other platforms by invoking the
  system package manager, e.g. `apt-get install ...'. However Nix is a
  bit different, as in general installing a package to your system
  doesn't create the development environment required to use it; it will
  only add executables to your `$PATH'. To find, for example, objects
  files, outside of a Nix derivation you can use `nix-shell' and it's
  descendant `nix develop'. E.g.:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ nix-shell -p gmp
  =E2=94=82 $ echo $NIX_LDFLAGS
  =E2=94=82 -rpath /nix/store/20g5iw2r512gnfrdr4imp2y940v3vlif-shell/lib  -=
L/nix/store/rx6nkd40819acppajq29g1hxa4d9r35f-gmp-with-cxx-6.3.0/lib -L/nix/=
store/rx6nkd40819acppajq29g1hxa4d9r35f-gmp-with-cxx-6.3.0/lib
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We support Nix depexts with Opam in a similar way. A Nix derivation is
  build with the desired packages as inputs, and the resulting
  environment is output as a file in the Opam switch in a format that
  Opam can parse. This `nix.env' file is a symlink into the Nix store,
  so acts as a garbage collection root =E2=80=93 packages won't be removed =
from
  the store while this file exists. Opam outputs these environment
  variables on an invocation of `opam env'.

  This fixes issues such as
  .

  While the primary use case is on NixOS, this depext mechanism could be
  used on other platforms to provide a consistent experience including
  other Linux distributions, BSDs, (and possibly [even windows] in the
  future).

  Nixpkgs typically only packages one version of a package at a time,
  but I'm working on versioned depexts with previous version of Nixpkgs
  as outlined [here].

  I'm keen to get people's opinions and perspective on this!


[PR] 

[even windows] 

[here]



ppx_deriving.6.0.2 and ppx_deriving_yojson.3.8.0
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce the release of ppx_deriving.6.0.2 and
  ppx_deriving_yojson.3.8.0, the first release of those packages in
  years!

  The main feature here is the port of [ppx_deriving]'s standard
  derivers (`[@@deriving show, make, ord, eq, ...]') and
  [ppx_deriving_yojson] to [ppxlib]'s `Deriving' api.  There are no
  changes to how you'd use those derivers but many benefits:
  =E2=80=A2 Better performances and better integration with other ppx-es as=
 the
    code is now generated as part of ppxlib's driver main AST rewriting
    phase rather than in a separate, dedicated phase.
  =E2=80=A2 They can now be used with `[@@deriving_inline]'
  =E2=80=A2 None of them will break the location invariant required by merl=
in
    anymore, fixing a long lasting bug and providing a much better user
    experience.

  You can find the full release notes for ppx_deriving [here] and for
  ppx_deriving_yojson [here].

  I'd like to thank @sim642 for all their work on the ppxlib ports and
  their patience, and all our other contributors.

  I'd also like to thank the [OCaml Software Foundation] who has been
  funding my work on those releases.


[ppx_deriving] 

[ppx_deriving_yojson] 

[ppxlib] 

[here] 

[here]


[OCaml Software Foundation] 


Effective ML Through Merlin's Destruct Command
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm very pleased to present you [an article] with a collection of
  small illustrations and examples of how to use the `destruct' command
  to generate patterns in the presence of pattern matches.

  The command has been present in [Merlin] for several years (and
  accessible via [OCaml-LSP]) but, as the various changelogs relating to
  Merlin mention, we have spent some time polishing it and adapting it
  to the evolutions of OCaml, making it more stable (essentially in the
  presence of punning) and taking into account the changes made to the
  representation of functions (and their parameters).

  The aim of the article is to show how the `destruct' command works in
  a number of very concrete cases, and ends with an example (a little
  artificial for the purposes of the article and for teaching purposes)
  which shows how to use `destruct' interactively.

  =E2=80=A2 [ Effective ML Through Merlin's Destruct Command]: original art=
icle,
    written in English, on the Tarides blog.
  =E2=80=A2 [ Effective ML, au travers de la commande 'destruct']: A
    French-language interpretation of the article, published on my blog.

  Can't wait to hear your feedback! Happy reading!


[an article]


[Merlin] 

[OCaml-LSP] 

[ Effective ML Through Merlin's Destruct Command]


[ Effective ML, au travers de la commande 'destruct']



OCaml Windows Working Group
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sudha Parimala announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m happy to share that we=E2=80=99re starting a working group fo=
r OCaml
  Windows. This is part of a larger effort, [First-class Windows], to
  enhance the OCaml experience on Windows. Through this effort, we aim
  to coordinate our collective knowledge to identify high-priority items
  for First-class Windows.

  We've started a mailing list to exchange ideas and would greatly
  appreciate inputs. You can sign up at =E2=80=93
  

  While the mailing list is intended to be the primary means of
  communication, we plan to do a sync meeting once a month, to start
  with. We plan to do a kick-off meeting early next week. Please fill in
  this poll if you're interested to join:
  .

  Happy camling :camel:


[First-class Windows]



Flambda2 Ep. 2: Loopifying Tail-Recursive Functions, by OCamlPro
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Greetings Cameleers,

  We would like to share with you our latest *Flambda2 Snippet*:
  [Flambda2 Ep. 2: Loopifying Tail-Recursive Functions]!

  Indeed, today's topic is what is called `Loopify', one of the many
  optimisation algorithms found in the `Flambda2' optimising compiler
  project.

  We believe `Loopify' is a nicely representative piece of software for
  our readers to grasp at the general design and philosophy for all
  optimisations available in `Flambda2'! Hopefully, you will do too!

  Be sure to check out the [`Flambda2 Ep.0'] article to get all the
  context for the project itself and the series of blog posts!

  In any case, we await your feedback below, and hope that you will
  enjoy reading this post, and all ensuing ones!

  Kind regards, The OCamlPro Team


[Flambda2 Ep. 2: Loopifying Tail-Recursive Functions]


[`Flambda2 Ep.0']



OCaml Platform Newsletter: March-May 2024
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the eleventh edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

  In this March-May 2024 edition, we are excited to bring you the latest
  on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting recent
  developments as seen in [previous editions]. To understand the
  direction we're headed, especially regarding development workflows and
  user experience improvements, check out our [roadmap].

  *Highlights:*

  =E2=80=A2 Explorations on Dune package management have reached a
    Minimal-Viable-Product (MVP) stage: a version of Dune that can build
    non-trivial projects like [OCaml.org] and [Bonsai]. With a working
    MVP, the team is shifting their focus to putting Dune package
    management in the hands of the community. To that end, we have
    started the Dune Developer Preview Program, where we will test Dune
    package management with users and refine the user experience in
    preparation for a final release.
  =E2=80=A2 The opam team released a second beta of [opam 2.2], and with it,
    opened the [final PR] to add support for Windows OCaml to the
    opam-repository. Once the PR is merged, opam 2.2 will be usable with
    the upstream opam-repository on Windows, paving the way for a third
    beta very soon, and a Release Candidate next.
  =E2=80=A2 The odoc team has finalized the initial design for Odoc 3.0 and
    opened several [RFCs] to gather community input. We've implemented a
    new [Odoc driver] that follows the Odoc 3.0 design and have already
    started prototyping key parts of the design.
  =E2=80=A2 Merlin's project-wide references query is getting very close to
    release. The necessary [compiler PR] has been merged and included in
    OCaml 5.2, and the [Dune rules PR] has been merged and included in
    Dune 3.16. The next steps are to merge the [PR in Merlin] itself and
    the small patch in OCaml LSP.
  =E2=80=A2 The set of standard derivers shipped with `ppx_deriving.std'
    (i.e. `[@@deriving show, make, ord, eq, ...]') as well as
    `ppx_deriving_yojson' are now directly written against Ppxlib's
    API. That impacts developers in two ways. First, it allows you to
    enjoy reliable editor features in projects with those derivers
    (Ppxlib preserves Merlin's location invariants). Second, you can
    avoid a hard dependency on those derivers by using Ppxlib's
    `deriving_inline' feature on them. Thanks a lot to @sim642 for all
    your work and very kind patience, @NathanReb for reviewing and
    release managing, and everyone else involved!

  *Releases:*
  =E2=80=A2 [Ppxlib 0.32.1]
  =E2=80=A2 [Merlin 5.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.14.2]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.15.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.15.2]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.15.3]
  =E2=80=A2 [Odoc 2.4.2]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.1.6]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.2.0~beta2]
  =E2=80=A2 [ocamlformat 0.26.2]


[previous editions] 

[roadmap] 

[OCaml.org] 

[Bonsai] 

[opam 2.2] 

[final PR] 

[RFCs] 

[Odoc driver] 

[compiler PR] 

[Dune rules PR] 

[PR in Merlin] 

[Ppxlib 0.32.1] 

[Merlin 5.0] 

[Dune 3.14.2] 

[Dune 3.15.0] 

[Dune 3.15.2] 

[Dune 3.15.3] 

[Odoc 2.4.2] 

[opam 2.1.6] 

[opam 2.2.0~beta2]


[ocamlformat 0.26.2]


*[Dune]* Exploring Package Management in Dune ([W4])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @rgrinberg (Tarides), @Leonidas-from-XIV (Tarides),
   @gridbugs (Tarides), @Alizter

  *Why:* Unify OCaml tooling under a single command line for all
   development workflows. This addresses one of the most important pain
   points [reported by the community].

  *What:* Prototyping the integration of package management into Dune
   using opam as a library. We're introducing a `dune pkg lock' command
   to generate a lock file and enhancing `dune build' to handle
   dependencies in the lock file. More details in the [Dune RFC].

  *Summary:*

  Over the past three months, significant progress has been made in
  adding Dune's support for package management. We are thrilled to
  report that our prototypes have reached a Minimal Viable Product (MVP)
  stage: an experimental version of Dune package management that can be
  used to build non-trivial projects, including OCaml.org and Bonsai,
  which we are using in our tests.

  There is still a long way to go, but with this milestone reached, we
  are now shifting our focus from prototyping to putting the feature in
  the hands of the community. We are moving to testing the new Dune
  feature with users, and in particular, now that we have a good
  understanding of the technical blockers and their workarounds, we will
  be focusing on validating and refining the developer experience (DX)
  of Dune package management in preparation for a first release.

  To that end, the Dune team has started a Dune Developer Preview
  Program. We're currently testing the Developer Preview of package
  management with selected beta testers, and once the biggest issues
  have been addressed, we'll be opening it to the broader community.

  *Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 Continued addressing remaining issues with ocamlfind and zarith.
    =E2=80=A2 Added repro PRs for ocamlfind and zarith issues =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/dune#10233], [ocaml/dune#10235].
    =E2=80=A2 Iterated on a solution for relocatable ocamlfind =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/ocamlfind#72].
    =E2=80=A2 Removed `.mml' references in ocamlfind =E2=80=93 [ocaml/ocaml=
find#75].
    =E2=80=A2 Set OCAMLFIND_DESTDIR for install actions to fix ocamlfind
      installation issues =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#10267].
  =E2=80=A2 Added a test reproducing error when locking when a pin stanza
    contains a relative path outside the workspace =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#10=
255].
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed package creation issues with directories on different
    filesystems =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#10214].
  =E2=80=A2 Opened PRs to address user errors, improve error messages, and
    enhance environment handling for pkg rules =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#10385],
    [ocaml/ocamlbuild#327], [ocaml/dune#10403], [ocaml/dune#10407],
    [ocaml/dune#10455].
  =E2=80=A2 Addressed several issues related to `withenv' actions, `dune pkg
    lock', and unexpected behavior with variable updates =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/dune#10404], [ocaml/dune#10408], [ocaml/dune#10417],
    [ocaml/dune#10440], [ocaml/opam#5925], [ocaml/opam#5926].
  =E2=80=A2 Approved relocatable releases of ocamlfind and ocamlbuild =E2=
=80=93
    [ocaml-dune/opam-overlays#1], [ocaml-dune/opam-overlays#2].
  =E2=80=A2 Cleaned up and sought feedback on the relocatable ocamlfind PR =
=E2=80=93
    [ocaml/ocamlfind#72].
  =E2=80=A2 To work around the fact that the compiler is not relocatable (y=
et!),
    we worked on adding support to Dune to manage compiler and developer
    tools, an experimental feature we call Dune Toolchain. =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/dune#10470], [ocaml/dune#10474], [ocaml/dune#10475],
    [ocaml/dune#10476], [ocaml/dune#10477], [ocaml/dune#10478].
  =E2=80=A2 Addressed various issues related to pkg lock, environment updat=
es,
    and package management =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#10512], [ocaml/dune#10499],
    [ocaml/dune#10498], [ocaml/dune#10531], [ocaml/dune#10521],
    [ocaml/dune#10539], [ocaml/dune#10540], [ocaml/dune#10543],
    [ocaml/dune#10544], [ocaml/dune#10545], [ocaml/dune#10538],
    [ocaml/dune#10542], [ocaml/dune#10595], [ocaml/dune#10596],
    [ocaml/dune#10592], [ocaml/dune#10593].
  =E2=80=A2 Merged PRs to use unpack code for rsync URLs and disable hg/dar=
cs
    fetch code =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#10556], [ocaml/dune#10561].


[W4] 

[reported by the community]


[Dune RFC] 

[ocaml/dune#10233] 

[ocaml/dune#10235] 

[ocaml/ocamlfind#72] 

[ocaml/ocamlfind#75] 

[ocaml/dune#10267] 

[ocaml/dune#10255] 

[ocaml/dune#10214] 

[ocaml/dune#10385] 

[ocaml/ocamlbuild#327] 

[ocaml/dune#10403] 

[ocaml/dune#10407] 

[ocaml/dune#10455] 

[ocaml/dune#10404] 

[ocaml/dune#10408] 

[ocaml/dune#10417] 

[ocaml/dune#10440] 

[ocaml/opam#5925] 

[ocaml/opam#5926] 

[ocaml-dune/opam-overlays#1]


[ocaml-dune/opam-overlays#2]


[ocaml/dune#10470] 

[ocaml/dune#10474] 

[ocaml/dune#10475] 

[ocaml/dune#10476] 

[ocaml/dune#10477] 

[ocaml/dune#10478] 

[ocaml/dune#10512] 

[ocaml/dune#10499] 

[ocaml/dune#10498] 

[ocaml/dune#10531] 

[ocaml/dune#10521] 

[ocaml/dune#10539] 

[ocaml/dune#10540] 

[ocaml/dune#10543] 

[ocaml/dune#10544] 

[ocaml/dune#10545] 

[ocaml/dune#10538] 

[ocaml/dune#10542] 

[ocaml/dune#10595] 

[ocaml/dune#10596] 

[ocaml/dune#10592] 

[ocaml/dune#10593] 

[ocaml/dune#10556] 

[ocaml/dune#10561] 


*[opam]* Native Support for Windows in opam 2.2 ([W5])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @rjbou (OCamlPro), @kit-ty-kate (Ahrefs), @dra27
   (Tarides), @AltGr (OCamlPro)

  *Why:* Enhance OCaml's viability on Windows by integrating native opam
   and `opam-repository' support, fostering a larger community, and more
   Windows-friendly packages.

  *What:* Releasing opam 2.2 with native Windows support, making the
   official `opam-repository' usable on Windows platforms.

  *Summary:*

  The opam team is getting closer to a final release of opam 2.2 with
  support for Windows. In the past months, we have released a second
  beta of opam 2.2, addressing a number of issues reported by users on
  previous releases, including Windows issues.

  Excitingly, we also opened the [final PR] adding support for Windows
  OCaml to opam-repository. With the PR merged, the opam team is
  expecting to be able to move to a Release Candidate in June.

  Stay tuned for more exciting news and releases in the coming weeks and
  months!

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Packaging the compiler in opam-repository
    =E2=80=A2 We cleared WIP items in the [windows-initial] branch, creatin=
g the
      [mingw-w64-shims] repository for the C stub program and generation
      script needed for the mingw-w64-shims opam package.
    =E2=80=A2 Various fixes for msvs-detect were upstreamed and the opam
      packaging PR finalized =E2=80=93 [metastack/msvs-tools#17],
      [metastack/msvs-tools#18].
    =E2=80=A2 Initial upstreaming PRs were opened for Visual Studio
      configuration =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam-repository#25440], reorganization=
 of
      conf-zstd =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam-repository#25441], and native Windows
      depexts =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam-repository#25442].
    =E2=80=A2 Fixed mccs package dependencies upstream =E2=80=93
      [ocaml-opam/ocaml-mccs#52], [ocaml/opam-repository#25482].
    =E2=80=A2 Upstreamed support for source-packaging of flexdll =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/flexdll#135].
    =E2=80=A2 Worked on packaging scripts for winpthreads for OCaml 5.3.0 =
=E2=80=93
      [ocaml/winpthreads#1].
    =E2=80=A2 Further upstreaming PRs were opened for mingw-w64-shims =E2=
=80=93
      [ocaml/opam-repository#25454], and flexdll and winpthreads sources
      packages =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam-repository#25512].
    =E2=80=A2 Reviewed and tested changes related to the 4.14.2 release for=
 the
      sunset branch of opam-repository-mingw =E2=80=93
      [ocaml-opam/opam-repository-mingw#20],
      [ocaml-opam/opam-repository-mingw#21].
    =E2=80=A2 Updated the [windows-initial] branch to support MSYS2, includ=
ing
      creating [msys2-opam] to complement [mingw-w64-shims].
    =E2=80=A2 Upstreamed issues with the ocaml-variants.5.1.1+effect-syntax
      package =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam-repository#25645].
    =E2=80=A2 Investigated BER MetaOCaml, determining that 4.14.1+BER does =
not
      work on Windows and disabled it in opam-repository =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam-repository#25648].
    =E2=80=A2 Worked further on the draft PR, addressing the issue of inval=
id
      maintainer email addresses for packages =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam-repository#25826].
    =E2=80=A2 Opened the main PR for Windows compiler support =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam-repository#25861], with a parallel draft PR for
      updating the compiler's opam file =E2=80=93 [ocaml/ocaml#13160].
    =E2=80=A2 Backported [ocaml/ocaml#13100] to 5.1.x ocaml-variants =E2=80=
=93
      [ocaml/opam-repository#25828], awaiting opam 2.2.0~beta3 release.
  =E2=80=A2 Release opam 2.2
    =E2=80=A2 Completed work on various patches and PRs, including fixes for
      accented characters in Dune =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam#5861],
      [ocaml/opam#5871], [janestreet/spawn#58], [ocaml/opam#5862].
    =E2=80=A2 Worked on performance improvements for Windows, including add=
ing
      job statuses and a proof-of-concept for a spinner on slow-running
      build jobs =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam#5883].
    =E2=80=A2 Finalizing fix on Cygwin PATH handling for opam 2.2.0 beta2 =
=E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam#5832].
    =E2=80=A2 Mark the internal cygwin installation as recommended -
      [ocaml/opam#5903]
    =E2=80=A2 Hijack the `%{?val_if_true:val_if_false}%' syntax to support
      extending the variables of packages with + in their name -
      [ocaml/opam#5840]
    =E2=80=A2 Fixed issues with downloading URLs with invalid characters and
      opam's internal state =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam#5921], [ocaml/opam#5922].
    =E2=80=A2 Assembled test harnesses for `opam init' and addressed issues=
 with
      `opam lint' warnings =E2=80=93 [dra27/opam-testing], [ocaml/opam#5927=
],
      [ocaml/opam#5928].
    =E2=80=A2 Fixed reversal of environment updates and minor issues in Git=
Hub
      Actions =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam#5935], [ocaml/opam#5938].
    =E2=80=A2 [Released opam 2.2~beta2].
    =E2=80=A2 Fixed issues related to environment variable handling =E2=80=
=93
      [ocaml/opam#5935].
    =E2=80=A2 Finalized fixes for Git for Windows menu =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opa=
m#5963].
    =E2=80=A2 Minor fixes to `--cygwin-extra-packages' =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opa=
m#5964].
    =E2=80=A2 Refactored `opam init' for a more logical experience =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam#5963].
    =E2=80=A2 Updated lint warning 41 PR =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam#5927].
    =E2=80=A2 Responded to issues found by testers of Windows compiler pack=
ages
      =E2=80=93 [ocaml/flexdll#138], [ocaml/flexdll#139].
    =E2=80=A2 Completely reworked `opam init' to detect Cygwin and MSYS2
      installations.
    =E2=80=A2 Fixed issues with the `?' operator and MSYS2's native curl
      implementation =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam#5983], [ocaml/opam#5984].


[W5] 

[final PR] 

[windows-initial]


[mingw-w64-shims] 

[metastack/msvs-tools#17]


[metastack/msvs-tools#18]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25440]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25441]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25442]


[ocaml-opam/ocaml-mccs#52]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25482]


[ocaml/flexdll#135] 

[ocaml/winpthreads#1] 

[ocaml/opam-repository#25454]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25512]


[ocaml-opam/opam-repository-mingw#20]


[ocaml-opam/opam-repository-mingw#21]


[msys2-opam] 

[ocaml/opam-repository#25645]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25648]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25826]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25861]


[ocaml/ocaml#13160] 

[ocaml/ocaml#13100] 

[ocaml/opam-repository#25828]


[ocaml/opam#5861] 

[ocaml/opam#5871] 

[janestreet/spawn#58] 

[ocaml/opam#5862] 

[ocaml/opam#5883] 

[ocaml/opam#5832] 

[ocaml/opam#5903] 

[ocaml/opam#5840] 

[ocaml/opam#5921] 

[ocaml/opam#5922] 

[dra27/opam-testing] 

[ocaml/opam#5927] 

[ocaml/opam#5928] 

[ocaml/opam#5935] 

[ocaml/opam#5938] 

[Released opam 2.2~beta2]


[ocaml/opam#5963] 

[ocaml/opam#5964] 

[ocaml/flexdll#138] 

[ocaml/flexdll#139] 

[ocaml/opam#5983] 

[ocaml/opam#5984] 


*[=E2=80=8B`odoc'=E2=80=8B]* Odoc 3.0: Unify OCaml.org and Local Package Do=
cumentation ([W25])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @panglesd
   (Tarides), Luke Maurer (Jane Street)

  *Why:* Improving local documentation generation workflow will help
   package authors write better documentation for their packages, and
   consolidating the different `odoc' documentation generators will help
   make continuous improvements to `odoc' available to a larger
   audience.

  *What:* We will create conventions that drivers must follow to ensure
   that their output will be functional. Once established, we will
   update the Dune rules to follow these rules, access new `odoc'
   features (e.g., source rendering), and provide similar
   functionalities to docs.ocaml.org (a navigational sidebar, for
   instance). This will effectively make Dune usable to generate
   OCaml.org package documentation.

  *Summary:*

  The Odoc team has made significant progress on the upcoming Odoc
  3.0. We held productive in-person meetings in Paris to discuss crucial
  design aspects such as the CLI, source code rendering, and
  references. These discussions led to the publications of RFCs for the
  various components of the design specification.

  We also started implementing a new Odoc driver that adheres to the new
  design for testing purposes, and began prototyping several of the new
  features.

  While discussions on the RFCs and specific features are still ongoing,
  we are very excited to have a solid set of design specifications under
  community review and to have begun implementing key parts of the new
  design.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Investigated package name/library name mismatches and module na=
me
    clashes =E2=80=93 [jonludlam/2997e905a468bfa0e625bf98b24868e5],
    [jonludlam/0a5f1391ccbb2d3040318b154da8593a].
  =E2=80=A2 Continued work on odoc 3.0 design, including meetings and
    discussions, culminating in the publication of the RFC =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/odoc/discussions/1097].
  =E2=80=A2 Worked on the navigation PR, added functionalities, fixed bugs,=
 and
    completed the rebase =E2=80=93 [ocaml/odoc#1088].
  =E2=80=A2 Met in Paris to discuss the odoc 3.0 design, covering topics su=
ch as
    CLI, rendering source code, and references.
  =E2=80=A2 Opened a PR with basic support for markdown in standalone pages=
 =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/odoc#1110].
  =E2=80=A2 Published the current proposal for assets as a discussion =E2=
=80=93
    [ocaml/odoc#1113].
  =E2=80=A2 Continued discussions on Markdown rendering and asset reference=
s -
    [ocaml/odoc#1110].
  =E2=80=A2 Implemented a new driver for testing the odoc 3.0 implementatio=
n =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/odoc#1121], [ocaml/odoc#1128].
  =E2=80=A2 Worked on implementing the =E2=80=93parent-id flag part of the =
Odoc 3.0 spec
    =E2=80=93 [ocaml/odoc#1126].
  =E2=80=A2 Worked on implementing the `-L' and `-P' flags [ocaml/odoc#1132]


[W25]


[jonludlam/2997e905a468bfa0e625bf98b24868e5]


[jonludlam/0a5f1391ccbb2d3040318b154da8593a]


[ocaml/odoc/discussions/1097]


[ocaml/odoc#1088] 

[ocaml/odoc#1110] 

[ocaml/odoc#1113] 

[ocaml/odoc#1121] 

[ocaml/odoc#1128] 

[ocaml/odoc#1126] 

[ocaml/odoc#1132] 


*[Merlin]* Support for Project-Wide References in Merlin ([W19])
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @vds (Tarides), @Ekdohibs (OCamlPro), @Octachron
   (INRIA), @gasche (INRIA), @emillon (Tarides), @rgrinberg (Jane
   Street), @Julow (Tarides)

  *Why:* Enhance code navigation and refactoring for developers by
   providing project-wide reference editor features, aligning OCaml with
   the editor experience found in other languages.

  *What:* Introducing `ocamlmerlin server occurrences' and LSP
   `textDocument/references' support, extending compiler's Shapes for
   global occurrences and integrating these features in Dune, Merlin,
   and OCaml LSP.

  *Summary:*

  The past few months have seen fantastic progress on releasing Merlin's
  project-wide reference query: The compiler PR got merged and included
  in the now released OCaml 5.2; The Dune rules PR got merged, and with
  it significant performance improvements have been made on the indexing
  tool. The [final PR] in Merlin is open and under review. That PR as
  well as the small LSP patch to support the feature are about to be
  merged.

  The PR on Merlin also adds support for the feature in the Merlin
  server plug-in for Emacs. Support for the Merlin server plug-in for
  Vim has been added separately. All editor plug-ins based on LSP will
  support the new feature automatically.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 We followed up on our compiler PR to improve performance for sh=
ape
    aliases weak reduction. It got merged, and made it into OCaml
    5.2.0. =E2=80=93 [ocaml/ocaml#13001]
  =E2=80=A2 We improved the Dune rules that drive the indexer: Simplified t=
he
    rules, added benchmarks, discussed and improved performance. The PR
    got merged, and made it into Dune 3.16. - [ocaml/dune#10422]
  =E2=80=A2 We polished the indexer `ocaml-index': Profiled it and improved=
 its
    speed by a factor ~2, and improved its CLI.
  =E2=80=A2 We added a `:MerlinOccurrencesProjectWide' command to the Vim
    plug-in based on the Merlin server - [ocaml/merlin#1767]


[W19] 

[final PR] 

[ocaml/ocaml#13001] 

[ocaml/dune#10422] 

[ocaml/merlin#1767] 


OCaml.org Newsletter: May 2024
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the May 2024 edition of the OCaml.org newsletter! This
  update has been compiled by the OCaml.org team. You can find [previous
  updates] on Discuss.

  Our goal is to make OCaml.org the best resource for anyone who wants
  to get started and be productive in OCaml. The OCaml.org newsletter
  provides an update on our progress towards that goal and an overview
  of the changes we are working on.

  We couldn't do it without all the amazing people who help us review,
  revise, and create better OCaml documentation and work on issues. Your
  participation enables us to so much more than we could just by
  ourselves. Thank you!

  This newsletter covers:
  =E2=80=A2 *Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook:* Help us make the OCaml Cookbo=
ok
     really useful by contributing and reviewing recipes for common
     tasks!
  =E2=80=A2 *Community & Marketing Pages Rework:* We have UI designs for the
     reworked and new pages of the community section and are starting to
     implement these. We made progress towards showing videos from the
     community on the OCaml Planet.
  =E2=80=A2 *General Improvements:* As usual, we also worked on general
     maintenance and improvements, so we're highlighting some of the
     work that happened below.


[previous updates] 

Open Issues for Contributors
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  You can find [open issues for contributors here]!

  Here are some (as of writing this newsletter) open issues:

  =E2=80=A2 [Running OCaml Receipes in repl.it #2456]
  =E2=80=A2 [Use uucp caselesseq instead of structural equality and
    String.ascii_lowercase #2444]
  =E2=80=A2 [OG images for OCaml Packages #1786]


[open issues for contributors here]


[Running OCaml Receipes in repl.it #2456]


[Use uucp caselesseq instead of structural equality and
String.ascii_lowercase #2444]


[OG images for OCaml Packages #1786]



Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook
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=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
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=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The OCaml Cookbook is a place where OCaml developers share how to
  solve common tasks using packages from the ecosystem.

  A recipe is a code sample and explanations on how to perform a task
  using a combination of open source libraries.

  The Cookbook is live at [ocaml.org/cookbook], but there are not a lot
  of recipes published yet.

  When the cookbook was merged, all pull requests to the cookbook branch
  were automatically closed. We recreated these pull requests and they
  are ready for review.

  Here's how you can help:

  1. Review [open pull requests for cookbook recipes]!
  2. Contribute new recipes and tasks for the cookbook!

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Add a checklist for OCaml Cookbook recipe review
    [ocaml/ocaml.org#2419] by [@sabine]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook filesystem [ocaml/ocaml.org#2399]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook networking [ocaml/ocaml.org#2400]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook xml [ocaml/ocaml.org#2401]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: cookbook httpclient [ocaml/ocaml.org#2402]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: cookbook uri [ocaml/ocaml.org#2403]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook regexp2 [ocaml/ocaml.org#2404]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook unzip [ocaml/ocaml.org#2405]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook linalg [ocaml/ocaml.org#2406]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook getenv [ocaml/ocaml.org#2407]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook shell [ocaml/ocaml.org#2408]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook geodesic [ocaml/ocaml.org#2409]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Add cookbooks for JSON serialisation and deserialisation
    [ocaml/ocaml.org#2415] by [@gpopides]
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Cookbook Encode and Decode Bytestrings from Hex-Strings
    [ocaml/ocaml.org#2445] by [@ggsmith842]


[ocaml.org/cookbook] 

[open pull requests for cookbook recipes]


[ocaml/ocaml.org#2419] 

[@sabine] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2399] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2400] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2401] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2402] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2403] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2404] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2405] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2406] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2407] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2408] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2409] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2415] 

[@gpopides] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2445] 

[@ggsmith842] 


Community & Marketing Pages Rework
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

  This month, we made some progress towards adding videos from the OCaml
  community (e.g., from YouTube and watch.ocaml.org) to the OCaml
  Planet.

  Since the size of the OCaml Planet RSS feed grew so large that
  automation tools (`dlvr.it') could no longer process it, we reduced
  the timeframe for posts to show up in the RSS feed to the last 90
  days.

  Contributor [@ishar19] opened a pull request to add an RSS feed for
  the Community/Events page. This will allow posting new events to
  various social media automatically and allow you to subscribe to the
  Events RSS feed with a RSS reader of your choice.

  We have [UI designs for the reworked and new pages of the community
  section] and we are opening small issues for contributors to
  help. :orange_heart:

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 The OCaml Planet
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Community videos scraping and list page [ocaml/ocaml.org#=
2441]
      by [@cuihtlauac]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Scrape watch.ocaml.org as an RSS feed [ocaml/ocaml.org#24=
28]
      by [@cuihtlauac]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: No longer feature posts on the OCaml Planet
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2430] by [@cuihtlauac]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Set the cutoff date for the OCaml Planet RSS feed to 90 d=
ays
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2416] by [@sabine]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Filter OCaml Planet Blog posts for "OCaml" keyword
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2443] by [@cuihtlauac]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: add redirect for /blog to /ocaml-planet [ocaml/ocaml.org#=
2450]
      by [@sabine]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Dedupe RSS feed creation logic [ocaml/ocaml.org#2461] by
      [@cuihtlauac]
  =E2=80=A2 Events page
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Feat/events rss feed [ocaml/ocaml.org#2437] by [@ishar19]


[@ishar19] 

[UI designs for the reworked and new pages of the community section]


[ocaml/ocaml.org#2441] 

[@cuihtlauac] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2428] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2430] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2416] 

[@sabine] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2443] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2450] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2461] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2437] 


Outreachy Internship on Interactive Exercises
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On May 27, [Divyanka Chaudhari] started working with the team, as an
  Outreachy intern. She's implementing support for running the exercises
  as a stand-alone project, either in GitHub Codespace, in `repl.it',
  using Jupyter or LearnOcaml.

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 PR: Fix 007 answer folder not running test cases
    [ocaml/ocaml.org#2458] by [@divyankachaudhari]

  ## General Improvements and Data Additions

  *Notable Changes:*
  =E2=80=A2 We restructured the main navigation to have a "Tools" section t=
hat
    holds the OCaml Platform page and the OCaml compiler releases
    page. This should make the OCaml Platform page easier to find.
  =E2=80=A2 The Changelog can now be found under "News", from the main
    navigation. You can also find the OCaml Planet and the Newsletters
    in this new section.
  =E2=80=A2 The OCaml Language Manual is now served from OCaml.org, instead=
 of
    v2.ocaml.org.
  =E2=80=A2 We added some more links to learning resources to the Resources=
 page
    at .
  =E2=80=A2 Some documentation updates on "Is OCaml Web Yet?", "Is OCaml GUI
    Yet?", the ThreadSanitizer tutorial, and the "Functors" tutorial.

  *Relevant PRs and Activities:*
  =E2=80=A2 Features
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Introduce a tools section for platform page, releases pag=
e,
      and a news section for changelog, OCaml Planet and Newsletters
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2410] by [@sabine]
  =E2=80=A2 Migration of the Language Manual from v2.ocaml.org to OCaml.org
    =E2=80=A2 PR: fix: language manual redirect, remove unnecessary append =
of
      index.html [ocaml/ocaml.org#2470] by [@sabine]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Fix: redirect to downloadable manual files
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2439] by [@sabine]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Simplify and extend /releases/ redirects from legacy
      v2.ocaml.org URLs [ocaml/ocaml.org#2448] by [@cuihtlauac]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Fix #2465 [ocaml/ocaml.org#2468] by [@cuihtlauac]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Fix more redirect [ocaml/ocaml.org#2471] by [@cuihtlauac]
  =E2=80=A2 Data
    =E2=80=A2 PR: (data) add some learning resources [ocaml/ocaml.org#2474]=
 by
      [@sabine]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Add University of Bologna as academic institution
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2394] by [@boozec]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: (data) Update ocaml.org community meeting zoom link
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2413] by [@sabine]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: (data) jobs: add a XenServer position again
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2414] by [@edwintorok]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: (data) add ocaml.org newsletter April 2024
      [ocaml/ocaml.org#2417] by [@sabine]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: OCaml 5.2.0 announce and release page [ocaml/ocaml.org#24=
21]
      by [@Octachron]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Update OCamlPro's logo [ocaml/ocaml.org#2436] by [@hra687=
261]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Changelog entry for OCaml 5.2.0~rc1 [ocaml/ocaml.org#2391=
] by
      [@Octachron]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: changelog: add Dune 3.15.1 and 3.15.2 [ocaml/ocaml.org#23=
89]
      by [@emillon]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Add changelog entry for Merlin 5.0 [ocaml/ocaml.org#2472]=
 by
      [@pitag-ha]
  =E2=80=A2 Bugfixes
    =E2=80=A2 PR: fix dark style of package version pages [ocaml/ocaml.org#=
2438]
      by [@FrugBatt]
    =E2=80=A2 GitHub actions CI broke due to an OpenSSL issue on MacOS
      =E2=80=A2 PR: Update debug-ci.yml [ocaml/ocaml.org#2397] by [@cuihtla=
uac]
      =E2=80=A2 PR: Update debug-ci.yml [ocaml/ocaml.org#2398] by [@cuihtla=
uac]
      =E2=80=A2 PR: Do brew update before installing openssl@3 to fix macos=
 CI
        [ocaml/ocaml.org#2420] by [@sabine]
      =E2=80=A2 PR: (ci) Restrict openssl on macos to 3.2 to see if that fi=
xes
        CI [ocaml/ocaml.org#2390] by [@sabine]
  =E2=80=A2 Documentation
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Explain how to avoid cyclic abbreviation error with funct=
or
      application [ocaml/ocaml.org#2457] by [@cuihtlauac]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Update tutorial =E2=80=9CTransitioning to Multicore with
      ThreadSanitizer=E2=80=9D [ocaml/ocaml.org#2459] by [@OlivierNicole]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: (docs) web.md: jsonchema->atd exists [ocaml/ocaml.org#245=
4] by
      [@Khady]
    =E2=80=A2 PR: Update is_ocaml_yet/gui.md: Plotting [ocaml/ocaml.org#245=
2] by
      [@lukstafi]


[Divyanka Chaudhari] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2458] 

[@divyankachaudhari] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2410] 

[@sabine] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2470] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2439] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2448] 

[@cuihtlauac] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2468] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2471] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2474] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2394] 

[@boozec] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2413] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2414] 

[@edwintorok] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2417] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2421] 

[@Octachron] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2436] 

[@hra687261] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2391] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2389] 

[@emillon] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2472] 

[@pitag-ha] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2438] 

[@FrugBatt] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2397] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2398] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2420] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2390] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2457] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2459] 

[@OlivierNicole] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2454] 

[@Khady] 

[ocaml/ocaml.org#2452] 

[@lukstafi] 


OCaml Windows Working Group
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, Sudha Parimala announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks to everyone who joined the meeting! Please find the notes here:
  .

  The meeting time this time wasn't US time-zone friendly. We'll try to
  find a time that works for more people next time.


Registration for Fun OCaml 2024 Opens Shortly
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Registration for Fun OCaml 2024 will open shortly at 17:00 CEST
  (Central European Summer Time) UTC/GMT +2 hours

  Please put yourself on the waiting list if you don't get a ticket
  immediately, we're doing this in a staggered fashion, unlocking more
  tickets over the next days! =F0=9F=A7=A1=F0=9F=90=AB

  


opam 2.2.0~beta3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We=E2=80=99re once again very excited to announce this third and final be=
ta
  for opam 2.2.0.


What=E2=80=99s new in this beta?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 *opam init on Windows enhancements*: this beta greatly improves=
 the
     `opam init' user experience on Windows, and the number of
     recognised configurations
  =E2=80=A2 *opam init =E2=80=93cygwin-extra-packages=3D\*: a new ar=
gument to
     specify additional packages for the internal Cygwin installation
  =E2=80=A2 *Support of user directories containing spaces*: opam now redir=
ects
     the opam root to `C:\opamroot\opam-xxx' when the opam root contains
     spaces on Windows
  =E2=80=A2 *UTF-8 paged =E2=80=93help on Windows* thanks to cmdliner 1.3.0=
 and some
     additional Windows API calls, all the `opam --help' commands now
     display a paged view by default similar to Unix-like systems.
  =E2=80=A2 Many *fixes*, *performance* and general *improvements*

  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information about
  these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a look
  at the [release note] or the [changelog].


[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Windows issues
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Configuration of Windows is tricky, so please don=E2=80=99t be too
  disheartened if things don=E2=80=99t work instantly. If something doesn=
=E2=80=99t work
  first time, [please do report it], even if you manage to find a way to
  workaround it. If opam didn=E2=80=99t elegantly tell you what was wrong, =
then
  it=E2=80=99s a bug and we=E2=80=99d love to hear about it, rather than en=
ding up with
  a series of workarounds flying around. It=E2=80=99s no problem at all for=
 us
  to receive a bug report which turns out to be user error - we=E2=80=99d f=
ar
  rather that than not hear bugs which are opam=E2=80=99s error! =F0=9F=99=
=80


[please do report it] 


How to upgrade
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A On Windows

  *BEWARE*: the command shown below is *experimental, use caution* and
   please do report any issues that you are experiencing. If you prefer
   to not use our experimental script, feel free to get the Windows
   binary directly from [the Release Page] and put it in your directory
   of choice instead.

  Now that the [Windows support was merged in opam-repository],

  installing opam is as simple as calling the following command from a
  PowerShell terminal:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubus=
ercontent.com/kit-ty-kate/opam/windows-installer/shell/install.ps1) }"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  opening a new terminal, and a simple `opam init' will work
  out-of-the-box.


  [the Release Page]
  

  [Windows support was merged in opam-repository]
  


=E2=97=8A On Unix-like systems

  To upgrade, simply run:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocam=
l/opam/master/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.0~beta3"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We=E2=80=99re planning for an opam 2.2.0~rc1 release later next week, so
  please do report any issue you encounter on our [bug-tracker].


  [bug-tracker] 


Other OCaml News
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>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Frama-C 29.0 (Copper)]
  =E2=80=A2 [Secure From the Ground Up: Introducing the FIDES Project Combi=
ning
    RISC-V and MirageOS]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Release of Frama-C 29.0 (Copper)]


[Secure From the Ground Up: Introducing the FIDES Project Combining
RISC-V and MirageOS]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 04 to 11, 2024.

    





    

    Providing Opam system dependancies with Nix
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/providing-opam-system=
-dependancies-with-nix/14745/1

    

    


    

    Ryan announced
    

    

    
I've opened a PR wi=
th input from @dra27 and @avsm adding support for Nix depexts (system depen=
dencies) to Opam.

    


    
Opam supports system dependencies for other platforms by invoking the syste=
m package manager, e.g. apt-get install .... However Nix is a =
bit different, as in general installing a package to your system doesn't cr=
eate the development environment required to use it; it will only add execu=
tables to your $PATH. To find, for example, objects files, out=
side of a Nix derivation you can use nix-shell and it's descen=
dant nix develop. E.g.:

    


    $ nix-shell -p gmp
$ echo $NIX_LDFLAGS
-rpath /nix/store/20g5iw2r512gnfrdr4imp2y940v3vlif-shell/lib  -L/nix/store/=
rx6nkd40819acppajq29g1hxa4d9r35f-gmp-with-cxx-6.3.0/lib -L/nix/store/rx6nkd=
40819acppajq29g1hxa4d9r35f-gmp-with-cxx-6.3.0/lib

    


    
We support Nix depexts with Opam in a similar way. A Nix derivation is buil=
d with the desired packages as inputs, and the resulting environment is out=
put as a file in the Opam switch in a format that Opam can parse. This nix.env file is a symlink into the Nix store, so acts as a garbage=
 collection root – packages won't be removed from the store while th=
is file exists. Opam outputs these environment variables on an invocation o=
f opam env.

    


    
This fixes issues such as https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/opam-and-nixos-is-there-an-alternative-to-nix-shell/13726.

    


    
While the primary use case is on NixOS, this depext mechanism could be used=
 on other platforms to provide a consistent experience including other Linu=
x distributions, BSDs, (and possibly even windows in the future).

    


    
Nixpkgs typically only packages one version of a package at a time, but I'm=
 working on versioned depexts with previous version of Nixpkgs as outlined =
here.

    


    
I'm keen to get people's opinions and perspective on this!

    

    

    

    





    

    ppx_deriving.6.0.2 and ppx_deriving_yojson.3.8.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-deri=
ving-6-0-2-and-ppx-deriving-yojson-3-8-0/14750/1

    

    


    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce the release of ppx_deriving.6.0.2 and ppx_deriving_y=
ojson.3.8.0, the first release of those packages in years!

    


    
The main feature here is the port of ppx_deriving's standard derivers ([@@deriving sho=
w, make, ord, eq, ...]) and ppx_deriving_yojson to ppxlib's Deriving api.
There are no changes to how you'd use those derivers but many benefits:

    

      

    • Better performances and better integration with other ppx-es as the cod=
e is now generated as part of ppxlib's driver main AST rewriting phase rath=
er than in a separate, dedicated phase.
      • 

    • They can now be used with [@@deriving_inline]
      • 

    • None of them will break the location invariant required by merlin anymo=
re, fixing a long lasting bug and providing a much better user experience.<=
/li>

    


    
You can find the full release notes for ppx_deriving here and for ppx_de=
riving_yojson here.

    


    
I'd like to thank @sim642 for all their work on the ppxlib ports and their =
patience, and all our other contributors.

    


    
I'd also like to thank the OCaml Software=
 Foundation who has been funding my work on those releases.

    

    

    

    





    

    Effective ML Through Merlin's Destruct Command
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-effective=
-ml-through-merlins-destruct-command/14751/1

    

    


    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
    

    

    
I'm very pleased to present you an article with a =
collection of small illustrations and examples of how to use the dest=
ruct command to generate patterns in the presence of pattern matches=
.=20

    


    
The command has been present in Merlin for several years (and accessible via OCaml-LSP) but, as the various changelogs relating =
to Merlin mention, we have spent some time polishing it and adapting it to =
the evolutions of OCaml, making it more stable (essentially in the presence=
 of punning) and taking into account the changes made to the representation=
 of functions (and their parameters).

    


    
The aim of the article is to show how the destruct command wor=
ks in a number of very concrete cases, and ends with an example (a little a=
rtificial for the purposes of the article and for teaching purposes) which =
shows how to use destruct interactively.

    




    
Can't wait to hear your feedback! Happy reading!

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Windows Working Group
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-windows-working-group/14755/1

    

    


    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m happy to share that we=E2=80=99re starting a working group for =
OCaml Windows. This is part of a larger effort, First-class Wi=
ndows, to enhance the OCaml experience on Windows. Through this effort,=
 we aim to coordinate our collective knowledge to identify high-priority it=
ems for First-class Windows.

    


    
We've started a mailing list to exchange ideas and would greatly appreciate=
 inputs. You can sign up at – https://groups.google.com/u/0/g/ocaml-windows-wg

    


    
While the mailing list is intended to be the primary means of communication=
, we plan to do a sync meeting once a month, to start with. We plan to do a=
 kick-off meeting early next week. Please fill in this poll if you're inter=
ested to join: https://=
strawpoll.com/polls/PbZqbmkNeyN.

    


    
Happy camling :camel:

    

    

    

    





    

    Flambda2 Ep. 2: Loopifying Tail-Recursive Functions, by OCamlP=
ro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/blog-flambda2-ep-2-loopifying-tail-recursive-functions-by-ocamlpro/14758/=
1

    

    


    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers,

    


    
We would like to share with you our latest Flambda2 Snippet: Flambda2 =
Ep. 2: Loopifying Tail-Recursive Functions!

    


    
Indeed, today's topic is what is called Loopify, one of the ma=
ny optimisation algorithms found in the Flambda2 optimising co=
mpiler project.

    


    
We believe Loopify is a nicely representative piece of softwar=
e for our readers to grasp at the general design and philosophy for all opt=
imisations
available in Flambda2! Hopefully, you will do too!

    


    
Be sure to check out the Flambda2 Ep.0 article to get all t=
he context for the project itself and the series of blog posts!

    


    
In any case, we await your feedback below, and hope that you will enjoy rea=
ding this post, and all ensuing ones!

    


    
Kind regards,
The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Platform Newsletter: March-May 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-platform-newslette=
r-march-may-2024/14765/1

    

    


    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the eleventh edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this March-May 2024 edition, we are excited to bring you the latest on t=
he OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting recent developm=
ents as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're headed, especia=
lly regarding development workflows and user experience improvements, check=
 out our roadmap.

    


    
Highlights:

    


      

    • Explorations on Dune package management have reached a Minimal-Viable-P=
roduct (MVP) stage: a version of Dune that can build non-trivial projects l=
ike OCaml.org and Bonsai. With a working MVP, =
the team is shifting their focus to putting Dune package management in the =
hands of the community. To that end, we have started the Dune Developer Pre=
view Program, where we will test Dune package management with users and ref=
ine the user experience in preparation for a final release.
      • 

    • The opam team released a second beta of opam 2.2, and with it, opened the <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/pull/25861">final PR=
 to add support for Windows OCaml to the opam-repository. Once the PR is me=
rged, opam 2.2 will be usable with the upstream opam-repository on Windows,=
 paving the way for a third beta very soon, and a Release Candidate next.

    • The odoc team has finalized the initial design for Odoc 3.0 and opened =
several RFCs to g=
ather community input. We've implemented a new Odoc driver that follows the Odoc 3.0 design an=
d have already started prototyping key parts of the design.
      • 

    • Merlin's project-wide references query is getting very close to release=
. The necessary compi=
ler PR has been merged and included in OCaml 5.2, and the Dune rules PR has been merged a=
nd included in Dune 3.16. The next steps are to merge the PR in Merlin itself and the small =
patch in OCaml LSP.
      • 

    • The set of standard derivers shipped with ppx_deriving.std=
 (i.e. [@@deriving show, make, ord, eq, ...]) as well as ppx_deriving_yojson are now directly written against Ppxlib's API. =
That impacts developers in two ways. First, it allows you to enjoy reliable=
 editor features in projects with those derivers (Ppxlib preserves Merlin's=
 location invariants). Second, you can avoid a hard dependency on those der=
ivers by using Ppxlib's deriving_inline feature on them. Thank=
s a lot to @sim642 for all your work and very kind patience, @NathanReb for=
 reviewing and release managing, and everyone else involved!
      • 

    


    
Releases:

    


    


    

    [Dune] Exploring Package Management in Dune (<=
a href=3D"https://ocaml.org/docs/platform-roadmap#w4-build-a-project">W4)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @rgrinberg (Tarides), @Leonidas-from-XIV (Tarides), =
@gridbugs (Tarides), @Alizter

    


    
Why: Unify OCaml tooling under a single command line for all develop=
ment workflows. This addresses one of the most important pain points reported by the community.

    


    
What: Prototyping the integration of package management into Dune us=
ing opam as a library. We're introducing a dune pkg lock comma=
nd to generate a lock file and enhancing dune build to handle =
dependencies in the lock file. More details in the Dune RFC.

    


    
Summary:=20

    


    
Over the past three months, significant progress has been made in adding Du=
ne's support for package management. We are thrilled to report that our pro=
totypes have reached a Minimal Viable Product (MVP) stage: an experimental =
version of Dune package management that can be used to build non-trivial pr=
ojects, including OCaml.org and Bonsai, which we are using in our tests.

    


    
There is still a long way to go, but with this milestone reached, we are no=
w shifting our focus from prototyping to putting the feature in the hands o=
f the community. We are moving to testing the new Dune feature with users, =
and in particular, now that we have a good understanding of the technical b=
lockers and their workarounds, we will be focusing on validating and refini=
ng the developer experience (DX) of Dune package management in preparation =
for a first release.

    


    
To that end, the Dune team has started a Dune Developer Preview Program. We=
're currently testing the Developer Preview of package management with sele=
cted beta testers, and once the biggest issues have been addressed, we'll b=
e opening it to the broader community.

    


    
Activities:

    


    

    


    

    [opam] Native Support for Windows in opam 2.2 =
(W5)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @rjbou (OCamlPro), @kit-ty-kate (Ahrefs), @dra27 (Ta=
rides), @AltGr (OCamlPro)

    


    
Why: Enhance OCaml's viability on Windows by integrating native opam=
 and opam-repository support, fostering a larger community, an=
d more Windows-friendly packages.

    


    
What: Releasing opam 2.2 with native Windows support, making the off=
icial opam-repository usable on Windows platforms.

    


    
Summary:

    


    
The opam team is getting closer to a final release of opam 2.2 with support=
 for Windows. In the past months, we have released a second beta of opam 2.=
2, addressing a number of issues reported by users on previous releases, in=
cluding Windows issues.

    


    
Excitingly, we also opened the final PR adding support for Windows OCaml to opam-r=
epository. With the PR merged, the opam team is expecting to be able to mov=
e to a Release Candidate in June.

    


    
Stay tuned for more exciting news and releases in the coming weeks and mont=
hs!

    


    
Activities:

    



    

    


    

    [=E2=80=8Bodoc=E2=80=8B] Odoc 3.0=
: Unify OCaml.org and Local Package Documentation (W25)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @panglesd (T=
arides), Luke Maurer (Jane Street)

    


    
Why: Improving local documentation generation workflow will help pac=
kage authors write better documentation for their packages, and consolidati=
ng the different odoc documentation generators will help make =
continuous improvements to odoc available to a larger audience.

    


    
What: We will create conventions that drivers must follow to ensure =
that their output will be functional. Once established, we will update the =
Dune rules to follow these rules, access new odoc features (e.=
g., source rendering), and provide similar functionalities to docs.ocaml.or=
g (a navigational sidebar, for instance). This will effectively make Dune u=
sable to generate OCaml.org package documentation.

    


    
Summary:

    


    
The Odoc team has made significant progress on the upcoming Odoc 3.0. We he=
ld productive in-person meetings in Paris to discuss crucial design aspects=
 such as the CLI, source code rendering, and references. These discussions =
led to the publications of RFCs for the various components of the design sp=
ecification.

    


    
We also started implementing a new Odoc driver that adheres to the new desi=
gn for testing purposes, and began prototyping several of the new features.

    


    
While discussions on the RFCs and specific features are still ongoing, we a=
re very excited to have a solid set of design specifications under communit=
y review and to have begun implementing key parts of the new design.

    


    
Activities:

    


      

    • Investigated package name/library name mismatches and module name clash=
es =E2=80=93 jonludlam/2997e905a468bfa0e625bf98b24868e5, jonlud=
lam/0a5f1391ccbb2d3040318b154da8593a.
      • 

    • Continued work on odoc 3.0 design, including meetings and discussions, =
culminating in the publication of the RFC =E2=80=93 ocaml/odoc/discussions/1097.
      • 

    • Worked on the navigation PR, added functionalities, fixed bugs, and com=
pleted the rebase =E2=80=93 ocaml/odoc#1088.
      • 

    • Met in Paris to discuss the odoc 3.0 design, covering topics such as CL=
I, rendering source code, and references.
      • 

    • Opened a PR with basic support for markdown in standalone pages =E2=80=
=93 ocaml/odoc#1110=
.
      • 

    • Published the current proposal for assets as a discussion =E2=80=93 ocaml/odoc#1113=
.
      • 

    • Continued discussions on Markdown rendering and asset references - ocaml/odoc#1110.
      • 

    • Implemented a new driver for testing the odoc 3.0 implementation =E2=80=
=93 ocaml/odoc#1121=
, ocaml/odoc#1128.<=
/li>

    • Worked on implementing the –parent-id flag part of the Odoc 3.0 =
spec =E2=80=93 ocaml/od=
oc#1126.
      • 

    • Worked on implementing the -L and -P flags ocaml/odoc#1132
      • 

    

    

    


    

    [Merlin] Support for Project-Wide References i=
n Merlin (W19)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @vds  (Tarides), @Ekdohibs (OCamlPro), @Octachron (I=
NRIA), @gasche (INRIA), @emillon (Tarides), @rgrinberg (Jane Street), @Julo=
w (Tarides)

    


    
Why: Enhance code navigation and refactoring for developers by provi=
ding project-wide reference editor features, aligning OCaml with the editor=
 experience found in other languages.

    


    
What: Introducing ocamlmerlin server occurrences and LS=
P textDocument/references support, extending compiler's Shapes=
 for global occurrences and integrating these features in Dune, Merlin, and=
 OCaml LSP.

    


    
Summary:

    


    
The past few months have seen fantastic progress on releasing Merlin's proj=
ect-wide reference query: The compiler PR got merged and included in the no=
w released OCaml 5.2; The Dune rules PR got merged, and with it significant=
 performance improvements have been made on the indexing tool. The final PR in Merlin is op=
en and under review. That PR as well as the small LSP patch to support the =
feature are about to be merged.

    


    
The PR on Merlin also adds support for the feature in the Merlin server plu=
g-in for Emacs. Support for the Merlin server plug-in for Vim has been adde=
d separately. All editor plug-ins based on LSP will support the new feature=
 automatically.

    


    
Activities:

    


      

    • We followed up on our compiler PR to improve performance for shape alia=
ses weak reduction. It got merged, and made it into OCaml 5.2.0. =E2=80=93 =
ocaml/ocaml#13001=

      • 

    • We improved the Dune rules that drive the indexer: Simplified the rules=
, added benchmarks, discussed and improved performance. The PR got merged, =
and made it into Dune 3.16. - ocaml/dune#10422
      • 

    • We polished the indexer ocaml-index: Profiled it and impro=
ved its speed by a factor ~2, and improved its CLI.
      • 

    • We added a :MerlinOccurrencesProjectWide command to the Vi=
m plug-in based on the Merlin server - ocaml/merlin#1767
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml.org Newsletter: May 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-org-newsletter-may-2024/14767=
/1

    

    


    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the May 2024 edition of the OCaml.org newsletter! This update ha=
s been compiled by the OCaml.org team. You can find previous updates on Discuss.

    


    
Our goal is to make OCaml.org the best resource for anyone who wants to get=
 started and be productive in OCaml. The OCaml.org newsletter provides an u=
pdate on our progress towards that goal and an overview of the changes we a=
re working on.

    


    
We couldn't do it without all the amazing people who help us review, revise=
, and create better OCaml documentation and work on issues. Your participat=
ion enables us to so much more than we could just by ourselves. Thank you!

    


    
This newsletter covers:

    

      

    • Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook: Help us make the OCaml Cookbook =
really useful by contributing and reviewing recipes for common tasks!
      • 

    • Community & Marketing Pages Rework: We have UI designs for t=
he reworked and new pages of the community section and are starting to impl=
ement these. We made progress towards showing videos from the community on =
the OCaml Planet.
      • 

    • General Improvements: As usual, we also worked on general mainte=
nance and improvements, so we're highlighting some of the work that happene=
d below.
      • 

    

    




    

    Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook
    

    

    
The OCaml Cookbook is a place where OCaml developers share how to solve com=
mon tasks using packages from the ecosystem.

    


    
A recipe is a code sample and explanations on how to perform a task using a=
 combination of open source libraries.

    


    
The Cookbook is live at ocaml.org/co=
okbook, but there are not a lot of recipes published yet.

    


    
When the cookbook was merged, all pull requests to the cookbook branch were=
 automatically closed. We recreated these pull requests and they are ready =
for review.

    


    
Here's how you can help:

    


      

    1. Review open pull requests for cookbook recipes!

    2. Contribute new recipes and tasks for the cookbook!
      3. 

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    


    

    Community & Marketing Pages Rework
    

    

    
This month, we made some progress towards adding videos from the OCaml comm=
unity (e.g., from YouTube and watch.ocaml.org) to the OCaml Planet.

    


    
Since the size of the OCaml Planet RSS feed grew so large that automation t=
ools (dlvr.it) could no longer process it, we reduced the time=
frame for posts to show up in the RSS feed to the last 90 days.

    


    
Contributor @ishar19 opened a pu=
ll request to add an RSS feed for the Community/Events page. This will allo=
w posting new events to various social media automatically and allow you to=
 subscribe to the Events RSS feed with a RSS reader of your choice.

    


    
We have UI designs for the reworked and new pages of the =
community section and we are opening small issues for contributors to h=
elp. :orange_heart:=20

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    


    

    Outreachy Internship on Interactive Exercises
    

    

    
On May 27, Divyanka Chaudh=
ari started working with the team, as an Outreachy intern. She's implem=
enting support for running the exercises as a stand-alone project, either i=
n GitHub Codespace, in repl.it, using Jupyter or LearnOcaml.

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    



    
## General Improvements and Data Additions

    


    
Notable Changes:

    

      

    • We restructured the main navigation to have a "Tools" section that hold=
s the OCaml Platform page and the OCaml compiler releases page. This should=
 make the OCaml Platform page easier to find.
      • 

    • The Changelog can now be found under "News", from the main navigation. =
You can also find the OCaml Planet and the Newsletters in this new section.=

      • 

    • The OCaml Language Manual is now served from OCaml.org, instead of v2.o=
caml.org.
      • 

    • We added some more links to learning resources to the Resources page at=
 https://ocaml.org/resources.

    • Some documentation updates on "Is OCaml Web Yet?", "Is OCaml GUI Yet?",=
 the ThreadSanitizer tutorial, and the "Functors" tutorial.
      • 

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    










    

    Registration for Fun OCaml 2024 Opens Shortly
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/registration-for-fu=
n-ocaml-2024-opens-shortly/14771/1

    

    


    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Registration for Fun OCaml 2024 will open shortly at 17:00 CEST (Central Eu=
ropean Summer Time) UTC/GMT +2 hours

    


    
Please put yourself on the waiting list if you don't get a ticket immediate=
ly, we're doing this in a staggered fashion, unlocking more tickets over th=
e next days! =F0=9F=A7=A1=F0=9F=90=AB

    


    
https://fun-ocaml.com

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.2.0~beta3
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-2-0-beta3/14772/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99re once again very excited to announce this third and final beta=
 for opam 2.2.0.

    

    


    

    What=E2=80=99s new in this beta?
    

    

      

    • opam init on Windows enhancements: this beta greatly improves th=
e opam init user experience on Windows, and the number of reco=
gnised configurations
      • 

    • opam init –cygwin-extra-packages=3D\<pkgs\>: a new =
argument to specify additional packages for the internal Cygwin installatio=
n
      • 

    • Support of user directories containing spaces: opam now redirect=
s the opam root to C:\opamroot\opam-xxx when the opam root con=
tains spaces on Windows
      • 

    • UTF-8 paged –help on Windows thanks to cmdliner 1.3.0 and=
 some additional Windows API calls, all the opam --help comman=
ds now display a paged view by default similar to Unix-like systems.
      • 

    • Many fixes, performance and general improvements

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and more=
, and for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    


    

    Windows issues
    

    

    
Configuration of Windows is tricky, so please don=E2=80=99t be too disheart=
ened if things don=E2=80=99t work instantly. If something doesn=E2=80=99t w=
ork first time, please do =
report it, even if you manage to find a way to workaround it. If opam d=
idn=E2=80=99t elegantly tell you what was wrong, then it=E2=80=99s a bug an=
d we=E2=80=99d love to hear about it, rather than ending up with a series o=
f workarounds flying around. It=E2=80=99s no problem at all for us to recei=
ve a bug report which turns out to be user error - we=E2=80=99d far rather =
that than not hear bugs which are opam=E2=80=99s error! =F0=9F=99=80

    

    

    


    

    How to upgrade
    

    

    

      

    • On Windows
      

      

      
BEWARE: the command shown below is experimental, use caution =
and please do report any issues that you are experiencing. If you prefer to=
 not use our experimental script, feel free to get the Windows binary direc=
tly from the Release Page and put it in your directory of choice instead.

      


      
Now that the Windows support was merged in opam-repository,

      


      
installing opam is as simple as calling the following command from a PowerS=
hell terminal:

      

      Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubuserconten=
t.com/kit-ty-kate/opam/windows-installer/shell/install.ps1) }"

      


      
opening a new terminal, and a simple opam init will work out-o=
f-the-box.

      

      

      • 


    • On Unix-like systems
      

      

      
To upgrade, simply run:

      

      bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.0~beta3"

      


      
We=E2=80=99re planning for an opam 2.2.0~rc1 release later next week, so pl=
ease do report any issue you encounter on our bug-tracker.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 11 to 18,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Your opam-repository PRs are now tested on Windows
Forester 4.1
fun-sql 0.2.3
dream-html and pure-html 3.5.2
Control Structures, English translation of lectures by Xavier Leroy
Ppxlib dev meetings
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Your opam-repository PRs are now tested on Windows
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Following the merge of [Windows support for the compiler in
  opam-repository] and the [release of opam 2.2.0~beta3], I'm happy to
  announce that a basic Windows CI using Github Actions is now in use in
  opam-repository, so all your new PRs are now being tested on Windows
  too.

  This is a big milestone, however the upstream opam-repository hasn't
  been tested with Windows before and thus many packages lacking the
  proper availability metadata will fail to build in the next month or
  so. If you see a package that is definitely not going to be available
  on Windows, please do report it in the [opam-repository bug-tracker]
  or even better open a PR if you have the time. When opening such
  PRs/issues, it would help the maintainers to copy/paste the failing
  log in the PR description.

  Most such PRs should simply add the following line to the failing
  package(s):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 available: os !=3D "win32"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If you notice any issues in the Github Action itself or want to
  improve it, please feel free to open a PRs/issue for that too, the
  code is available in [opam-repository/.github/workflows/windows.yml].


[Windows support for the compiler in opam-repository]


[release of opam 2.2.0~beta3]


[opam-repository bug-tracker]


[opam-repository/.github/workflows/windows.yml]



Forester 4.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jon Sterling announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the release of [Forester 4.1] on opam, which
  is an OCaml utility to develop =E2=80=9CForests=E2=80=9D, which are dense=
ly
  interlinked mathematical websites / Zettelk=C3=A4sten similar to the
  [Stacks project] or [Kerodon ]. You can see the [release notes] on my
  own [Forest].

  There are a few new features, including a simplified command `forester
  init` to setup a fresh forest.

  Thanks to Kento Okura, Nick Hu, and Trebor Huang for their
  contributions to this release.


[Forester 4.1] 

[Stacks project] 

[Kerodon ] 

[release notes] 

[Forest] 


fun-sql 0.2.3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Yawar Amin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce the initial release of fun-sql, a simple
  functional-style query library for SQLite and PostgreSQL.

  To use it with SQLite: 

  To use it with PostgreSQL: 

  Fun-sql is not an ORM, it's a query execution and data mapping library
  (sometimes called a micro-ORM). It does three things:

  1. Create the prepared statement and encode the parameters
  2. Execute the query
  3. Decode the resultset into OCaml types using a set of combinators.

  Here's an example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Fun_postgresql
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 module Note(Db : sig val db : Postgresql.connection end) =3D st=
ruct
  =E2=94=82   open Db
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   type t =3D { id : int; txt : string }
  =E2=94=82   let ret =3D ret (fun row -> { id =3D int 0 row; txt =3D text =
1 row })
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   (* Prepared statement: *)
  =E2=94=82   let edit =3D query db "update note set txt =3D $1 where id =
=3D $2"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   (* Use by simply calling it: *)
  =E2=94=82   let edit id txt =3D edit ~args:Arg.[int id; text txt] unit
  =E2=94=82   (* val edit : int -> string -> unit *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   (* Prepared statement: *)
  =E2=94=82   let by_id =3D query db "select id, txt from note where id =3D=
 $1"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   let by_id id =3D only (by_id ~args:Arg.[int id] ret)
  =E2=94=82   (* val by_id : int -> t *)
  =E2=94=82 end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The design enforces the use of prepared statements=E2=80=93indeed, with
  PostgreSQL, a prepared statement corresponding to a query can be
  created only _once,_ so you have to ensure that you use a pattern like
  the above.

  MySQL support is also desired and I will get to it at some point
  unless someone beats me to it!


dream-html and pure-html 3.5.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yawar Amin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Pleased to announce the release of dream-html 3.5.2, which actually
  spawns a new package pure-html: 

  This package offers the same functionality as dream-html, _except_
  without a Dream dependency, so you can use whatever web server you
  like, or even use it for other applications than web servers. It works
  exactly the same way as dream-html, except the top-level module is
  `Pure_html':

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Pure_html
  =E2=94=82 open HTML
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let content =3D article [] [
  =E2=94=82   p [] [txt "Header"];
  =E2=94=82   p [] [txt "Body"];
  =E2=94=82 ]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  pure-html has a runtime dependency only on the `uri' package.


Control Structures, English translation of lectures by Xavier Leroy
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


unfode announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [Website].

  Really learned a lot from the slides. For example, the most
  understandable definition of continuation I've ever seen:
        Given a control point in a program, its continuation is
        the sequence of computations that remain to be done once
        the execution reaches the given control point in order to
        finish the execution of the whole program.


[Website] 


Ppxlib dev meetings
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This month's meeting is scheduled today, Tuesday June 18th, at 6:00PM
  CET.

  Sorry for posting the announcement so late!

  Here is the meeting agenda:
  =E2=80=A2 5.2 AST bump
  =E2=80=A2 Driver Transform refactoring
  =E2=80=A2 5.3 support
    =E2=80=A3 Added a trunk CI build, we should be able to consider merging
    =E2=80=A3 Still need documentation for releases
  =E2=80=A2 Driver anti-warning 34 code gen
    =E2=80=A3 Still haven't heard from Janestreet, we need their feedback b=
efore
      moving forward with this
  =E2=80=A2 Ocamlfind support
    =E2=80=A3 There seem to be a bug when a ppxlib based ppx is invoked dir=
ectly
      using ocamlfind -package
    =E2=80=A3 Is this something we want to actively maintain
  =E2=80=A2 Dune w/ ppx
    =E2=80=A3 Nathan got back to it, hopefully it should be ready soon
  =E2=80=A2 Repo hygiene: issue triage
    =E2=80=A3 We have a lot of issues, most of which are extremely old
    =E2=80=A3 A lot of issues are actually questions on how to use ppxlib f=
or
      ppx authors
    =E2=80=A3 It's worth having a go at closing the irrelevant issues and h=
ave
      some classification system for the rest

  The meeting will be hosted on google meet here:
  

  You are welcome to join!


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Creating the SyntaxDocumentation Command - Part 2: OCaml LSP]
  =E2=80=A2 [MirageVPN server]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Creating the SyntaxDocumentation Command - Part 2: OCaml LSP]


[MirageVPN server]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 11 to 18, 2024.

    





    

    Your opam-repository PRs are now tested on Windows
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-your-o=
pam-repository-prs-are-now-tested-on-windows/14781/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Following the merge of Windows support for the compiler in opam-repository and the=
 release=
 of opam 2.2.0~beta3, I'm happy to announce that a basic Windows CI usi=
ng Github Actions is now in use in opam-repository, so all your new PRs are=
 now being tested on Windows too.

    


    
This is a big milestone, however the upstream opam-repository hasn't been t=
ested with Windows before and thus many packages lacking the proper availab=
ility metadata will fail to build in the next month or so. If you see a pac=
kage that is definitely not going to be available on Windows, please do rep=
ort it in the o=
pam-repository bug-tracker or even better open a PR if you have the tim=
e. When opening such PRs/issues, it would help the maintainers to copy/past=
e the failing log in the PR description.

    


    
Most such PRs should simply add the following line to the failing package(s=
):

    

    available: os !=3D "win32"

    


    
If you notice any issues in the Github Action itself or want to improve it,=
 please feel free to open a PRs/issue for that too, the code is available i=
n opam-repository/.github/workflows/windows.yml.

    

    

    

    





    

    Forester 4.1
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-forester-4-1/14800/1

    

    


    

    Jon Sterling announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the release of Forester 4.1 on opam, which is an OCaml utility to de=
velop =E2=80=9CForests=E2=80=9D, which are densely interlinked mathematical=
 websites / Zettelk=C3=A4sten similar to the Stacks project or Kerodo=
n . You can see the release notes on my own Fore=
st.

    


    
There are a few new features, including a simplified command `forester init=
` to setup a fresh forest.

    


    
Thanks to Kento Okura, Nick Hu, and Trebor Huang for their contributions to=
 this release.

    

    

    

    





    

    fun-sql 0.2.3
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-fun-sql-0-2-3/14806/1

    

    


    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce the initial release of fun-sql, a simple functional-=
style query library for SQLite and PostgreSQL.

    


    
To use it with SQLite: https://o=
caml.org/p/fun-sqlite

    


    
To use it with PostgreSQL: h=
ttps://ocaml.org/p/fun-postgresql

    


    
Fun-sql is not an ORM, it's a query execution and data mapping library (som=
etimes called a micro-ORM). It does three things:

    


      

    1. Create the prepared statement and encode the parameters
      2. 

    2. Execute the query
      3. 

    3. Decode the resultset into OCaml types using a set of combinators.
      4. 

    


    
Here's an example:

    


    

    open Fun_postgresql

module Note(Db : sig val db : Postgresql.connection end) =3D open Db

  type t =3D { id : int; txt : string }
  let ret =3D ret (fun row ->=
; { id =3D int 0 row; txt =3D text 1 row })

  (* Prepared statement: *)
  let edit =3D query db "update note set txt =3D $1 where id =3D $2"

  (* Use by simply calling it: *)
  let edit id =
txt =3D edit ~args:Arg.[int id; t=
ext txt] unit
  (* val edit : int -> string -> =
unit *)

  (* Prepared statement: *)
  let by_id =3D query db "select id, txt from note where id =3D $1"

  let by_id id=
 =3D only (by_id ~args:Arg.[int id] ret)
  (* val by_id : int -> t *)
end

    

    


    
The design enforces the use of prepared statements=E2=80=93indeed, with Pos=
tgreSQL, a prepared statement corresponding to a query can be created only =
once, so you have to ensure that you use a=
 pattern like the above.

    


    
MySQL support is also desired and I will get to it at some point unless som=
eone beats me to it!

    

    

    

    





    

    dream-html and pure-html 3.5.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-5-2/148=
08/1

    

    


    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
Pleased to announce the release of dream-html 3.5.2, which actually spawns =
a new package pure-html: https://=
ocaml.org/p/pure-html

    


    
This package offers the same functionality as dream-html, except without a Dream dependency, so you can use whatever =
web server you like, or even use it for other applications than web servers=
. It works exactly the same way as dream-html, except the top-level module =
is Pure_html:

    


    

    open Pure_html
open HTML

let content =3D article [] [
  p [] [t=
xt "Header"];
  p [] [t=
xt "Body"];
]

    

    


    
pure-html has a runtime dependency only on the uri package.

    

    

    

    





    

    Control Structures, English translation of lectures by Xavier =
Leroy
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/control-structures-english-translation-of-lectures-by-xavier-leroy/14810/=
1

    

    


    

    unfode announced
    

    

    
Website.

    


    
Really learned a lot from the slides. For example, the most understandable =
definition of continuation I've ever seen:

    

    

    
Given a control point in a program, its continuation is the sequence of com=
putations that remain to be done once the execution reaches the given contr=
ol point in order to finish the execution of the whole program.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/24

    

    


    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
This month's meeting is scheduled today, Tuesday June 18th, at 6:00PM CET.

    


    
Sorry for posting the announcement so late!

    


    
Here is the meeting agenda:

    

      

    • 5.2 AST bump
      • 

    • Driver Transform refactoring
      • 

    • 5.3 support

        

      • Added a trunk CI build, we should be able to consider merging
        • 

      • Still need documentation for releases
        • 

      • 

    • Driver anti-warning 34 code gen

        

      • Still haven't heard from Janestreet, we need their feedback before movi=
ng forward with this
        • 

      • 

    • Ocamlfind support

        

      • There seem to be a bug when a ppxlib based ppx is invoked directly usin=
g ocamlfind -package
        • 

      • Is this something we want to actively maintain
        • 

      • 

    • Dune w/ ppx

        

      • Nathan got back to it, hopefully it should be ready soon
        • 

      • 

    • Repo hygiene: issue triage

        

      • We have a lot of issues, most of which are extremely old
        • 

      • A lot of issues are actually questions on how to use ppxlib for ppx aut=
hors
        • 

      • It's worth having a go at closing the irrelevant issues and have some c=
lassification system for the rest
        • 

      • 

    


    
The meeting will be hosted on google meet here: https://meet.google.com/yxw-ejnu-cju

    


    
You are welcome to join!

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 18 to 25,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

First public editor tooling dev-meeting
First release of oma
Ppxlib dev meetings
CAISAR release 2.0, a platform for characterizing AI safety and robustness
First release of baby
Preview of Stripe client and mock server - DkStdRestApis
opam 2.2.0 rc1 release
Project wide occurrences
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


First public editor tooling dev-meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


vds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are organizing the first public dev-meeting about Merlin, OCaml-LSP
  and more generally editor support for OCaml. This meeting will take
  place on *Thursday, June 27th*, at 05:00 pm CEST. We plan to have
  these happen every last Thursday of the month.

  The goal of these meetings is to provide a place for all contributors
  of these projects to discuss their work together. Whether you are a
  long time maintainer, an occasional contributor, a new comer, or
  simply a curious passer-by, please feel free to join and participate!

  We also plan to have some short technical presentations to help
  contributors learn more about the projects involved. These won't be
  systematic, and if you are interested in a particular subject feel
  free to ask about it or to propose a presentation.

  The agenda for this first meeting, which will be focused on the
  burning topic of project-wide occurrences, is the following:

  =E2=80=A2 A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to
    present themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
  =E2=80=A2 A presentation of current on-going projects.
  =E2=80=A2 A focus on project-wide occurrences: how does it work, what are=
 the
    tools that need to interact together and what are its current
    limitations and possible future improvements.
  =E2=80=A2 Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or
    mentioned during the tour-de-table.
  =E2=80=A2 Informal discussion

  We looking forward to meeting you!

  Meeting link: 


First release of oma
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I have just published a new release of `oma' with the following fixes
  and changes:

  =E2=80=A2 New functions `invalidate_open_interval' and
    `invalidate_semi_open_interval'.
  =E2=80=A2 Fix a serious bug in `Unsafe.first' and `Unsafe.last', which wo=
uld
    incorrectly return `None' when the region contains only one point.
  =E2=80=A2 Fix a serious bug in `Unsafe.iter', which would systematically =
omit
    the last point of the region.


Ppxlib dev meetings
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Meeting notes are available here:
  .

  Thanks to everyone who attended!

  Our next meeting is scheduled for Tuesday July 16th, 6:00PM CET!


CAISAR release 2.0, a platform for characterizing AI safety and robustness
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Julien Girard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On the occasion of the 34th birthday of the [abolition of the
  apartheid laws], we are honoured to release CAISAR version 2.0.

  The release source is available at our [public forge]. As our last
  releases, CAISAR will soon be available on [opam] and on [Dockerhub].

  A nix flake is available for building CAISAR directly in the
  repository. Try CAISAR with `nix build
  git+https://git.frama-c.com/pub/caisar'!

  Here are the prominent features for this 2.0 release:


[abolition of the apartheid laws]


[public forge] 

[opam] 

[Dockerhub] 

Specification and verification of several neural networks at once
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  CAISAR specification language already allowed to write specifications
  that involved several neural networks at once. However, translating
  such specifications to actual prover queries was not possible. We
  added automated graph editing techniques to allow such verification to
  take place. Within particular patterns, CAISAR will generate an ONNX
  file that preserve the semantic of the different neural networks while
  encapsulating parts of the specification directly in the control flow
  of the new neural network. This feature allow the verification of
  properties with multiple neural networks, including their composition.

  This is quite a step forward, as it enables machine-learning dedicated
  verifiers to tackle a much wider range of properties.


SVM as first-class citizens for interpretation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  CAISAR now fully integrate SVMs into the interpretation engine. Users
  can expect vector computations and applications on SVMs to be computed
  similarly as what exists already for neural networks.

  We also unified the theory of machine learning models. Now, SVMs and
  neural networks can be specified with only the `model' type. In the
  near future, SVMs will be parsed directly into CAISAR=E2=80=99s Neural
  Intermediate Representations, which will simplify the verification of
  systems with heterogeneous AI components.


First release of baby
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce the first release of `baby'.

  `baby' is an OCaml library that offers several implementations of
  balanced binary search trees. At this time, `baby' offers a
  replacement for OCaml's `Set' module; it does not yet have a
  replacement for OCaml's `Map' module.

  Height-balanced and weight-balanced binary search trees are offered
  out of the box. Furthermore, to advanced users, the library offers a
  lightweight way of implementing other balancing strategies.

  The following points offer a comparison between `baby' and OCaml's
  `Set' library.


Better Performance
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  At the time of writing, `baby' offers generally better performance
  than OCaml's `Set' library. Its operations are generally faster
  (sometimes much faster; sometimes slightly faster; sometimes slightly
  slower) than those of the `Set' library, and its memory allocation
  rate is slightly lower.


Constant-Time Cardinal
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In contrast with the `Set' library, `baby''s weight-balanced trees
  offer a `cardinal' function whose time complexity is *O(1)*. They also
  offer a family of random access functions (`get', `index', etc.) whose
  time complexity is *O(log n)*. Furthermore, by exploiting cardinality
  information, the functions `subset' and `equal' are sometimes able to
  return `false' in constant time.


Better Sharing
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `baby''s binary operations (`union', `inter', `diff') take advantage
  of (and preserve) physical equality in a more aggressive way. This
  allows them to (sometimes) be faster and allocate less memory.


Adaptive Conversions To Sets
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `baby''s conversion functions `of_list', `of_array', and `of_seq' have
  adaptive complexity. If the input data is sorted, their complexity is
  *O(n)*; otherwise, their complexity gracefully degrades down to
  *O(n.log n)*.


More Operations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `baby' offers a few operations that do not exist in OCaml's `Set'
  library:

  =E2=81=83 The symmetric difference, `xor';
  =E2=81=83 The conversion functions `of_array' and `to_array';
  =E2=81=83 The extremum-removal functions `remove_min_elt' and
    `remove_max_elt';
  =E2=81=83 The enumeration API in the submodule `Enum'. Enumerations shoul=
d be
    slightly faster than standard sequences, and are able to efficiently
    seek ahead, via the function `from'.


Documented Complexity
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In `baby', the time complexity of every operation is documented.


Compatibility
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `baby' is perfectly compatible with OCaml's Set library. In other
  words, using `Baby.W.Set' instead of `Set' is safe.

  As a word of warning, though, if the equivalence relation on elements
  is coarser than equality (that is, if `compare x y =3D 0' does not imply
  `x =3D y'), then `Baby.W.Set' and `Set' might behave differently when a
  choice must be made between two equivalent elements. This can occur in
  `union', `of_list', `of_array', `of_seq', `add_seq', `map'.


Preview of Stripe client and mock server - DkStdRestApis
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce that Stripe is the first REST API available
  in the DkStdRestApis project:

  

  That README has a 10-minute quick start; you can do it with or without
  a Stripe account.

  The Stripe client and mock server have Apache 2.0 licensing and were
  generated using a new OpenAPI code generator. The code generator is
  not part of this preview announcement (wait until DkCoder 0.4
  announcement) but since there have been a couple generators released
  in the past month perhaps it is best to say what is different:

  1. Both client and server source code are generated. The client
     examples include direct web requests by cohttp-lwt-curl
     (`src/DkStdRestApis_NotStripe/Curl2.ml') and also indirectly by
     printing the `curl -d name=3Dvalue https://api.stripe.com/...'
     command (`src/DkStdRestApis_NotStripe/CurlCmd.ml'). The mock server
     example (`src/DkStdRestApis_NotStripe/ServerTiny.ml') uses @c-cube
     's [excellent tiny_httpd daemon].
  2. Very small dependency cone that works on Windows/macOS/Linux
     (including the REST server). And the minimum OCaml version will be
     4.14 for the foreseeable future.
  3. My focus is not on the code generator but having working,
     maintainable REST clients for the major cloud/SaaS services that
     can be included in DkCoder's liberally licensed standard
     library. The server feature was a pleasant but very unplanned
     accident. If I do take time to develop fancier server features
     (ex. replaying mocks from a corpus, etc.) those additions will not
     be open source.
  4. It is intended to have high coverage of OpenAPI features. Today
     that includes form URL encoding, sum types, server-side
     polymorphism and style/explode support. The only major feature that
     is intentionally unsupported is the `not' composition operator
     (have no idea how to express negation in OCaml's type system!).

  Now for the problems:

  1. Stripe only compiles in bytecode mode. Why? The generated modules
     are huge (8+ MB in total) because Stripe's specification is
     6MB. Native compilation [can't handle that today].
  2. I'm not releasing to opam until I'm sure that native compilation
     won't denial-of-service developer and opam machines. I'm also
     waiting for some Windows patches to dependencies to be released.

  Thanks to @vlaviron for helping solve some of the compilation scaling
  problems. And thanks to Nomadic Labs (and OCamlPro?) for developing
  [Json_encoding] and @anuragsoni for developing [Routes]; they are both
  bidirectional + lightweight + foundational.

  Report bugs / add stars [in the DkCoder project].


[excellent tiny_httpd daemon] 

[can't handle that today] 

[Json_encoding] 

[Routes] 

[in the DkCoder project] 


opam 2.2.0 rc1 release
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


R. Boujbel announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We=E2=80=99re once again very excited to announce this first release cand=
idate
  (and hopefully only) for opam 2.2.0.


What=E2=80=99s new in this rc?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Fix `opam upgrade' wanting to keep rebuilding the compiler (as =
now
    it contains an `x-env-path-rewrite' field)
  =E2=80=A2 Provide defaults so `opam init -y' no longer asks questions on
    Windows
  =E2=80=A2 Fix `OpamConsole.menu' when there are more than 9 options (can
    happen on Windows)
  =E2=80=A2 A couple more fixes and general improvements

  :open_book: You can read our [blog post ] for more information about
  these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a look
  at the [release note ] or the [changelog].


[blog post ] 

[release note ] 

[changelog] 


Windows issues
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Configuration of Windows is tricky, so please don=E2=80=99t be too
  disheartened if things don=E2=80=99t work instantly. If something doesn=
=E2=80=99t work
  first time, [please do report it ], even if you manage to find a way
  to workaround it. If opam didn=E2=80=99t elegantly tell you what was wron=
g,
  then it=E2=80=99s a bug and we=E2=80=99d love to hear about it, rather th=
an ending up
  with a series of workarounds flying around. It=E2=80=99s no problem at al=
l for
  us to receive a bug report which turns out to be user error - we=E2=80=99=
d far
  rather that than not hear bugs which are opam=E2=80=99s error! :scream_ca=
t:


[please do report it ] 


How to upgrade
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  For Unix systems

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocam=
l/opam/master/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.0~rc1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  or from PowerShell for Windows systems

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubus=
ercontent.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/install.ps1) }"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We=E2=80=99re planning for a final opam 2.2.0 release next week, so pleas=
e do
  report any issue you encounter on our [bug-tracker ].


[bug-tracker ] 


Project wide occurrences
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


vds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am very excited to announce the first release of Merlin and
  Ocaml-LSP with support for project-wide occurrences =F0=9F=A5=B3. More
  precisely, it is now possible to query for every _usage_ of any value
  (and type, modules, etc.) anywhere in a project built with Dune. This
  is a very handy tool for code navigation !


Requirements
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 OCaml 5.2
  =E2=80=A2 Latest Dune (>=3D `3.16.0')
  =E2=80=A2 Latest Merlin (>=3D `5.1-502')
  =E2=80=A2 Latest OCaml-LSP preview (`1.18.0~5.2preview')


Usage
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Build the new `@ocaml-index' alias.
  > We recommend running the indexation in watch mode along with your
    usual targets: `dune build @ocaml-index --watch' so that the index
    is always up to date.
  =E2=80=A2 Use the `Find/Peek all references' feature of LSP-based plugins
    =E2=80=A2 or `merlin-project-occurrences' in emacs
    =E2=80=A2 or `OccurrencesProjectWide' in vim.
  =E2=80=A2 Enjoy jumping around =F0=9F=A6=98

  


More information and bug reports
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Bug reports and feature requests should be submitted to the Merlin
  [issue tracker]. There are already some known issues like the absence
  of declarations in the results and the impossibility to query from a
  declaration. Progress on occurrences can be tracked in a [pinned
  meta-issue]. If you are interested in contributing and learning more
  about the feature do not hesitate to join the [first public
  dev-meeting] on Thursday !


[issue tracker] 

[pinned meta-issue] 

[first public dev-meeting]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Keeping Up With the Compiler: How we Help Maintain the OCaml
    Language]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Keeping Up With the Compiler: How we Help Maintain the OCaml Language]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 18 to 25, 2024.

    





    

    First public editor tooling dev-meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-public-edit=
or-tooling-dev-meeting/14824/1

    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
We are organizing the first public dev-meeting about Merlin, OCaml-LSP and =
more
generally editor support for OCaml. This meeting will take place on Thur=
sday, June 27th,
at 05:00 pm CEST. We plan to have these happen every last Thursday of the m=
onth.

    


    
The goal of these meetings is to provide a place for all contributors of th=
ese
projects to discuss their work together. Whether you are a long time mainta=
iner,
an occasional contributor, a new comer, or simply a curious passer-by, plea=
se
feel free to join and participate!=20

    


    
We also plan to have some short technical presentations to help contributors
learn more about the projects involved. These won't be systematic, and
if you are interested in a particular subject feel free to ask about it or =
to
propose a presentation.

    


    
The agenda for this first meeting, which will be focused on the burning top=
ic of
project-wide occurrences, is the following:

    


      

    • A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to present=
 themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
      • 

    • A presentation of current on-going projects.
      • 

    • A focus on project-wide occurrences: how does it work, what are the too=
ls that need to interact together and what are its current limitations and =
possible future improvements.
      • 

    • Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or mention=
ed during the tour-de-table.
      • 

    • Informal discussion
      • 

    


    
We looking forward to meeting you!

    


    
Meeting link: https://meet=
.google.com/imo-mkxi-hpt

    

    

    

    





    

    First release of oma
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-oma/13845/2

    

    


    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
I have just published a new release of oma with the following =
fixes and changes:

    


      

    • New functions invalidate_open_interval and invalidat=
e_semi_open_interval.
      • 

    • Fix a serious bug in Unsafe.first and Unsafe.last, which would incorrectly return None when the region cont=
ains only one point.
      • 

    • Fix a serious bug in Unsafe.iter, which would systematical=
ly omit the last point of the region.
      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/25

    

    


    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
Meeting notes are available here: https://github.com/ocaml-ppx/ppxlib/wiki=
/Dev-Meeting-2024-06-18.

    


    
Thanks to everyone who attended!

    


    
Our next meeting is scheduled for Tuesday July 16th, 6:00PM CET!

    

    

    

    





    

    CAISAR release 2.0, a platform for characterizing AI safety an=
d robustness
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss=
.ocaml.org/t/ann-caisar-release-2-0-a-platform-for-characterizing-ai-safety=
-and-robustness/14831/1

    

    


    

    Julien Girard announced
    

    

    
On the occasion of the 34th birthday of the abolition of the apartheid=
 laws, we are honoured to release CAISAR version 2.0.

    


    
The release source is available at our public forge. As our last releases, CAISAR wi=
ll soon be available on opam and on Dockerh=
ub.

    


    
A nix flake is available for building CAISAR directly in the repository. Tr=
y CAISAR with nix build git+https://git.frama-c.com/pub/caisar!

    


    
Here are the prominent features for this 2.0 release:

    

    


    

    Specification and verification of several neural netw=
orks at once
    

    

    
CAISAR specification language already allowed to write specifications that =
involved several neural networks at once. However, translating such specifi=
cations to actual prover queries was not possible. We added automated graph=
 editing techniques to allow such verification to take place. Within partic=
ular patterns, CAISAR will generate an ONNX file that preserve the semantic=
 of the different neural networks while encapsulating parts of the specific=
ation directly in the control flow of the new neural network. This feature =
allow the verification of properties with multiple neural networks, includi=
ng their composition.

    


    
This is quite a step forward, as it enables machine-learning dedicated veri=
fiers to tackle a much wider range of properties.

    

    

    


    

    SVM as first-class citizens for interpretation
    

    

    
CAISAR now fully integrate SVMs into the interpretation engine. Users can e=
xpect vector computations and applications on SVMs to be computed similarly=
 as what exists already for neural networks.

    


    
We also unified the theory of machine learning models. Now, SVMs and neural=
 networks can be specified with only the model type. In the ne=
ar future, SVMs will be parsed directly into CAISAR=E2=80=99s Neural Interm=
ediate Representations, which will simplify the verification of systems wit=
h heterogeneous AI components.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    First release of baby
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-baby/14840/1

    

    


    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the first release of baby.

    


    
baby is an OCaml library that offers several implementations o=
f balanced binary search trees. At this time, baby offers a re=
placement for OCaml's Set module; it does not yet have a repla=
cement for OCaml's Map module.

    


    
Height-balanced and weight-balanced binary search trees are offered out of =
the box. Furthermore, to advanced users, the library offers a lightweight w=
ay of implementing other balancing strategies.

    


    
The following points offer a comparison between baby and OCaml=
's Set library.

    

    


    

    Better Performance
    

    

    
At the time of writing, baby offers generally better performan=
ce than OCaml's Set library. Its operations are generally fast=
er (sometimes much faster; sometimes slightly faster; sometimes slightly sl=
ower) than those of the Set library, and its memory allocation=
 rate is slightly lower.

    

    

    


    

    Constant-Time Cardinal
    

    

    
In contrast with the Set library, baby's weight-b=
alanced trees offer a cardinal function whose time complexity =
is O(1). They also offer a family of random access functions (=
get, index, etc.) whose time complexity is O(log n)<=
/b>. Furthermore, by exploiting cardinality information, the functions subset and equal are sometimes able to return f=
alse in constant time.

    

    

    


    

    Better Sharing
    

    

    
baby's binary operations (union, inter, diff) take advantage of (and preserve) physical equality i=
n a more aggressive way. This allows them to (sometimes) be faster and allo=
cate less memory.

    

    

    


    

    Adaptive Conversions To Sets
    

    

    
baby's conversion functions of_list, of_arr=
ay, and of_seq have adaptive complexity. If the input d=
ata is sorted, their complexity is O(n); otherwise, their complexity=
 gracefully degrades down to O(n.log n).

    

    

    


    

    More Operations
    

    

    
baby offers a few operations that do not exist in OCaml's Set library:

    


      

    • The symmetric difference, xor;
      • 

    • The conversion functions of_array and to_array;
      • 

    • The extremum-removal functions remove_min_elt and re=
move_max_elt;
      • 

    • The enumeration API in the submodule Enum. Enumerations sh=
ould be slightly faster than standard sequences, and are able to efficientl=
y seek ahead, via the function from.
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Documented Complexity
    

    

    
In baby, the time complexity of every operation is documented.

    

    

    


    

    Compatibility
    

    

    
baby is perfectly compatible with OCaml's Set library. In othe=
r words, using Baby.W.Set instead of Set is safe.

    


    
As a word of warning, though, if the equivalence relation on elements is co=
arser than equality (that is, if compare x y =3D 0 does not im=
ply x =3D y), then Baby.W.Set and Set might behave differently when a choice must be made between two equivalen=
t elements. This can occur in union, of_list, of_array, of_seq, add_seq, map.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Preview of Stripe client and mock server - DkStdRestApis
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-pr=
eview-of-stripe-client-and-mock-server-dkstdrestapis/14841/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce that Stripe is the first REST API available in the=
 DkStdRestApis project:

    


    
ht=
tps://github.com/diskuv/DkStdRestApis?tab=3Dreadme-ov-file

    


    
That README has a 10-minute quick start; you can do it with or without a St=
ripe account.

    


    
The Stripe client and mock server have Apache 2.0 licensing and were genera=
ted using a new OpenAPI code generator. The code generator is not part of t=
his preview announcement (wait until DkCoder 0.4 announcement) but since th=
ere have been a couple generators released in the past month perhaps it is =
best to say what is different:

    


      

    1. Both client and server source code are generated. The client examples i=
nclude direct web requests by cohttp-lwt-curl (src/DkStdRestApis_NotS=
tripe/Curl2.ml) and also indirectly by printing the curl -d na=
me=3Dvalue https://api.stripe.com/... command (src/DkStdRestAp=
is_NotStripe/CurlCmd.ml). The mock server example (src/DkStdRe=
stApis_NotStripe/ServerTiny.ml) uses @c-cube 's excellent tiny_httpd daemon.
      2. 

    2. Very small dependency cone that works on Windows/macOS/Linux (including=
 the REST server). And the minimum OCaml version will be 4.14 for the fores=
eeable future.
      3. 

    3. My focus is not on the code generator but having working, maintainable =
REST clients for the major cloud/SaaS services that can be included in DkCo=
der's liberally licensed standard library. The server feature was a pleasan=
t but very unplanned accident. If I do take time to develop fancier server =
features (ex. replaying mocks from a corpus, etc.) those additions will not=
 be open source.
      4. 

    4. It is intended to have high coverage of OpenAPI features. Today that in=
cludes form URL encoding, sum types, server-side polymorphism and style/exp=
lode support. The only major feature that is intentionally unsupported is t=
he not composition operator (have no idea how to express negat=
ion in OCaml's type system!).
      5. 

    


    
Now for the problems:

    


      

    1. Stripe only compiles in bytecode mode. Why? The generated modules are h=
uge (8+ MB in total) because Stripe's specification is 6MB. Native compilat=
ion can't handle th=
at today.
      2. 

    2. I'm not releasing to opam until I'm sure that native compilation won't =
denial-of-service developer and opam machines. I'm also waiting for some Wi=
ndows patches to dependencies to be released.
      3. 

    


    
Thanks to @vlaviron for helping solve some of the compilation scaling probl=
ems. And thanks to Nomadic Labs (and OCamlPro?) for developing Json_encoding and @anu=
ragsoni for developing Routes; they are both bidirectional + lightweight + foundat=
ional.

    


    
Report bugs / add stars in th=
e DkCoder project.

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.2.0 rc1 release
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-2-0-rc1-release/14842/1

    

    


    

    R. Boujbel announced
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99re once again very excited to announce this first release candid=
ate (and hopefully only) for opam 2.2.0.

    

    


    

    What=E2=80=99s new in this rc?
    

    

      

    • Fix opam upgrade wanting to keep rebuilding the compiler (=
as now it contains an x-env-path-rewrite field)
      • 

    • Provide defaults so opam init -y no longer asks questions =
on Windows
      • 

    • Fix OpamConsole.menu when there are more than 9 options (c=
an happen on Windows)
      • 

    • A couple more fixes and general improvements
      • 

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post  for more information about these changes and more,=
 and for even more details you can take a look at the release note  or the changelog.

    

    

    


    

    Windows issues
    

    

    
Configuration of Windows is tricky, so please don=E2=80=99t be too disheart=
ened if things don=E2=80=99t work instantly. If something doesn=E2=80=99t w=
ork first time, please do =
report it , even if you manage to find a way to workaround it. If opam =
didn=E2=80=99t elegantly tell you what was wrong, then it=E2=80=99s a bug a=
nd we=E2=80=99d love to hear about it, rather than ending up with a series =
of workarounds flying around. It=E2=80=99s no problem at all for us to rece=
ive a bug report which turns out to be user error - we=E2=80=99d far rather=
 that than not hear bugs which are opam=E2=80=99s error! :scream_cat:

    

    

    


    

    How to upgrade
    

    

    
For Unix systems

    


    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.0~rc1"

    


    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    


    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubuserconten=
t.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/install.ps1) }"

    


    
We=E2=80=99re planning for a final opam 2.2.0 release next week, so please =
do report any issue you encounter on our bug-tracker .

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Project wide occurrences
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-project-wide-occurrences/14847/1=


    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
I am very excited to announce the first release of Merlin and Ocaml-LSP wit=
h support for project-wide occurrences =F0=9F=A5=B3. More precisely, it is =
now possible to query for every usage of a=
ny value (and type, modules, etc.) anywhere in a project built with Dune. T=
his is a very handy tool for code navigation !

    

    


    

    Requirements
    

    

      

    • OCaml 5.2
      • 

    • Latest Dune (>=3D 3.16.0)
      • 

    • Latest Merlin (>=3D 5.1-502)
      • 

    • Latest OCaml-LSP preview (1.18.0~5.2preview)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Usage
    

    

      

    • Build the new @ocaml-index alias.
      • 

    

    
> We recommend running the indexation in watch mode along with your usua=
l targets: dune build @ocaml-index --watch so that the index i=
s always up to date.

    

      

    • Use the Find/Peek  all references feature of LSP-based plu=
gins=20

        

      • or merlin-project-occurrences in emacs
        • 

      • or OccurrencesProjectWide in vim.
        • 

      • 

    • Enjoy jumping around =F0=9F=A6=98
      • 

    



    

    3D"c282815986f=

    

    

    

    


    

    More information and bug reports
    

    

    
Bug reports and feature requests should be submitted to the Merlin issue tracker. There are al=
ready some known issues like the absence of declarations in the results and=
 the impossibility to query from a declaration. Progress on occurrences can=
 be tracked in a pi=
nned meta-issue. If you are interested in contributing and learning mor=
e about the feature  do not hesitate to join the first pub=
lic dev-meeting on Thursday !

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 02 Jul 2024 09:30:24 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 25 to July 02, 2=
024.

    





    

    OCaml Tech Talk | Editor Features
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-tech-talk-editor-fe=
atures/14746/5

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, PizieDust announced
    

    

    
The video is now uploaded on YouTube at: Ocaml | Editor Features

    

    

    

    





    

    New release of Ocsipersist
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-ocsipersist/148=
74/1

    

    


    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
Ocsipersist has been recen=
tly updated.

    


    
Ocsipersist is an OCaml interface for key-value stores, with three implemen=
tations based on SQLite, DBM and PostgreSQL.

    


    
It proposes several interfaces: basic string to string tables, typed tables=
 with custom (de)serialisation functions, persistent variables …

    


    
This new version 2.0.0, adds the following features:

    

      

    • some dependencies removed
      • 

    • Basic interface for persistent references, in the style of Eliom's scoped =
references (but without scope)
      • 

    


    
Example of use of persistent references from the toplevel, with the sqlite =
backend:

    

    # #require "lwt_ppx";;
(* #thread;; if you are using OCaml < 5.0.0 *)
# #require "ocsipersist-sqlite";;
# Ocsipersist.init ();;
# let r =3D Ocsipersist.Ref.ref ~persistent:"r" 444;;
val r : int Ocsipersist.Ref.t =3D <abstr>
# Lwt_main.run (let%lwt v =3D Ocsipersist.Ref.get r in print_int v; Lwt.ret=
urn_unit);;
444- : unit =3D ()

    


    
Backends:
Choose the backend you prefer by using packages ocsipersist-sqlite, ocsipersist-dbm or ocsipersist-postgresql.

    


    
Configuration:

    

      

    • Use module Ocsipersist_settings, provided by each backend =
to configure the database
      • 

    • Opam packages  ocsipersist-sqlite-config, ocsipersis=
t-dbm-config or ocsipersist-postgresql-config make it p=
ossible to configure the backend from Ocsigen Server's config file (breakin=
g change: this was provided by ocsipersist-sqlite, ocsip=
ersist-dbm or ocsipersist-postgresql before. You'll nee=
d to update your configuration files).
      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    Preview of Godotcaml for the Godot 4.2 Game Engine
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-previe=
w-of-godotcaml-for-the-godot-4-2-game-engine/14875/1

    

    


    

    Matt Walker announced
    

    

    
I've released a small preview of a project I've been working on.  It's bind=
ings to the Godot 4.2 game engine from OCaml.

    


    
To keep this announcement short, I've posted a longer explanation on my blo=
g:

    


    
ht=
tps://fizzixnerd.com/blog/2024-06-24-announcing-godotcaml/

    


    
Here is the git repo:

    


    
https://github.com/Fizz=
ixnerd/godotcaml

    


    
Here is another short blog post explaining how to get up and started with i=
t:

    


    
h=
ttps://fizzixnerd.com/blog/2024-06-28-godotcaml-basic-setup/

    


    
Do not expect much, I've basically just reached the point where Godot and O=
Caml can call each other.  I just thought people might think it's cool!  Op=
en issues or discuss in this thread if you'd like; another blog post will b=
e forthcoming covering the current structure of the code if there seems to =
be interest.

    

    

    

    





    

    euler 0.3
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-euler-0-3/14877/1

    

    


    

    glen announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the release of Euler version 0.3. :slight_smi=
le:

    


    
Euler is an arithmetic library for OCaml integers. For more details, please=
 read the repo=
=E2=80=8B=E2=80=99s README or browse the docs.

    


    
In version 0.3:

    

      

    • some amount of optimization (:magic_wand: magic tricks to compute logar=
ithms, see source code of log2sup and logs=
up);
      • 

    • new functions (for instance: root extraction, multiplicative order);

    • Arith.gcdext now returns minimal coefficients and avoids o=
verflows (which was not trivial);
      • 

    • factorization now performs some steps of Fermat=E2=80=99s factor search=
ing, which I think closes the gap with Owl (mentioning this because @struktured the initi=
al one.)

      

    

    

    





    

    dune 3.15
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-15/14438/4

    

    


    

    Etienne Millon announced
    

    

    
We've released 3.15.3 (some time ago already) with the following changes:

    


    
3.15.3 (2024-05-24)

    

    


    

    Fixed
    

    

      

    • Fix interpretation of exists_if predicate in META files of installed=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
libraries containing more than one element. (#10564, fixes #10563, @dbuenzl=
i,=20=20=20=20=20
@nojb)
      • 


    • Fix TSAN warning in wait4 stubs (#10554, fixes #10553, @emillon)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    dune 3.16
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-16/14889/1

    

    


    

    Etienne Millon announced
    

    

    
We're happy to announce the release of Dune 3.16.0.

    


    
Among the list of chances, this release contains improvements to melange su=
pport and a way to look for references in a whole project using merlin and =
ocaml-lsp.

    


    
3.16.0 (2024-06-17)

    

    


    

    Added
    

    

      

    • allow libraries with the same (name ..) in projects as lon=
g as they don't conflict during resolution (via enabled_if). (=
#10307, @anmonteiro, @jchavarri)
      • 


    • dune describe pp now finds the exact module and the stanza=
 it belongs to, instead of guessing the name of the preprocessed file. (#10=
321, @anmonteiro)
      • 


    • Print the result of dune describe pp with the respective d=
ialect printer. (#10322, @anmonteiro)
      • 


    • Add new flag --context to dune ocaml-merlin, =
which allows to select a Dune context when requesting Merlin config. Add dune describe contexts subcommand. Introduce a field gener=
ate_merlin_rules for contexts declared  in the workspace, that allow=
s to optionally produce Merlin rules for other  contexts besides the one se=
lected for Merlin (#10324, @jchavarri)
      • 


    • melange: add include paths for private library .cmj files =
during JS  emission. (#10416, @anmonteiro)
      • 


    • dune ocaml-merlin: communicate additional directives SOURCE_ROOT,  UNIT_NAME (the actual name with wrapping=
) and INDEX with the paths to the  index(es). (#10422, @voodoo=
s)
      • 


    • Add a new alias @ocaml-index that uses the ocaml-ind=
ex binary to generate  indexes that can be read by tools such as Mer=
lin to provide project-wide  references search. (#10422, @voodoos)
      • 


    • merlin: add optional (merlin_reader CMD) construct to (dialect) stanza to  configure a merlin reader (#8567, @andreypopp=
)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Changed
    

    

      

    • melange: treat private libraries with (package ..) as publ=
ic libraries,  fixing an issue where import paths were wrongly=
 emitted. (#10415,  @anmonteiro)
      • 


    • install .glob files for Coq theories too (#10602, @ejgalle=
go)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Fixed
    

    

      

    • Don't try to document non-existent libraries in doc-new target (#10319,=
 fixes  #10056, @jonludlam)
      • 


    • Make dune-site's load_all function look for <=
code>META files so that it  doesn't fail on empty directories in the=
 plugin directory (#10458, fixes  #10457, @shym)
      • 


    • Fix incorrect warning for libraries defined inside non-existant directo=
ries  using (subdir ..) and used by executables using du=
ne-build-info (#10525,  @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • Don't try to take build lock when running coq top --no-build (#10547, fixes  #7671, @lzy0505)
      • 


    • Make sure to truncate dune's lock file after locking and unlocking so t=
hat  users cannot observe incorrect pid's (#10575, @rgrinberg)
      • 


    • mdx: link mdx binary with byte_complete. This fixes =
(libraries) with  foreign archives on Linux. (#10586, fixes #10582, =
@anmonteiro)
      • 


    • virtual libraries: fix an issue where linking an executable involving s=
everal  virtual libries would cause an error. (#10581, fixes #10460, @rgrin=
berg)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 02 to 09, 2024.

    





    

    The Structure of Godotcaml as of Today, by Matt Walker [Fizzix=
nerd]
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/blog-the-structure-of-godotcaml-as-of-today-by-matt-walker-fizzixnerd/=
14892/1

    

    


    

    Matt Walker announced
    

    

    
Fixed some bugs in the Godot OCaml bindings I'm working on.  Here is a blog=
 post that could be of interest if you're looking to dive into them, or usi=
ng Ctypes in another project, or are writing Godot bindings for another lan=
guage, or just have some time to kill. :smiley:=20

    


    
https://fizzixnerd.com/blog/2024-07-02-the-structure-of-god=
otcaml-as-of-today/

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.2.0 is out!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-2-0-is-out/14893/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99re very happy to finally announce the release of opam 2.2.0.

    

    


    

    What=E2=80=99s new?
    

    

      

    • Windows support :window: :tada: (you can hear all about it in th=
e blog post)
      • 

    • opam tree / opam why: new commands showing a =
tree view of the given packages and their dependencies and reverse-dependen=
cies, respectively.
      • 

    • with-dev-setup: a new variable and argument to install the=
 recommend developement setup for a local project.
      • 

    • opam pin --recursive and --subpath to have op=
am look at opam files elsewhere than the root directory of a project.
      • 

    • opam switch - to go back to the previous global switch (in=
spired by git switch -)
      • 

    • opam pin --current fixes a package to its current state (d=
isabling pending reinstallations or removals from the repository)
      • 

    • opam pin remove --all removes all the pinned packages from=
 a switch
      • 

    • opam exec --no-switch removes the opam environment when ru=
nning a command. It is useful when you want to launch a command without opa=
m environment changes.
      • 

    • opam clean --untracked removes untracked files interactive=
ly remaining from previous packages removal.
      • 

    • opam admin add-constraint <cst> --packages pkg1,pkg2,pkg3 applies the given constraint to a given set of packages
      • 

    • opam list --base has been renamed into --invariant, reflecting the fact that since opam 2.1 the "base" packages of a swi=
tch are instead expressed using a switch invariant
      • 

    • opam install --formula <formula> installs a formula =
instead of a list of packages. This can be useful if you would like to inst=
all one package or another one. For example opam install --formula '"=
extlib" | "extlib-compat"' will install either extlib o=
r extlib-compat depending on what's best for the current switc=
h.
      • 

    • and many other features, performance improvements and fixes
      • 

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and a lot more.

    

    

    


    

    How to upgrade
    

    

    
In case you plan a possible rollback, you may want to first backup your

    


    
~/.opam or $env:LOCALAPPDATA\opam directory.

    


    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    


    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.0"

    


    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    


    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubuserconten=
t.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/install.ps1) }"

    


    
or download manually from the Github "Releases" page to your PATH.

    


    
You should then run:

    


    opam init --reinit -ni

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml.org Newsletter: June 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-org-newsletter-june-2024/148=
98/1

    

    


    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the June 2024 edition of the OCaml.org newsletter! This update h=
as been compiled by the OCaml.org team. You can find previous updates on Discuss.

    


    
Our goal is to make OCaml.org the best resource for anyone who wants to get=
 started and be productive in OCaml. The OCaml.org newsletter provides an u=
pdate on our progress towards that goal and an overview of the changes we a=
re working on.

    


    
We couldn't do it without all the amazing people who help us review, revise=
, and create better OCaml documentation and work on issues. Your participat=
ion enables us to so much more than we could just by ourselves. Thank you!

    


    
This newsletter covers:

    

      

    • Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook: Help us make the OCaml Cookbook =
really useful by contributing and reviewing recipes for common tasks!
      • 

    • Community & Marketing Pages Rework: Implementation work in p=
rogress.
      • 

    • General Improvements: As usual, we also worked on general mainte=
nance and improvements, so we're highlighting some of the work that happene=
d below.
      • 

    

    


    

    Open Issues for Contributors
    

    

    
You can find open issues for co=
ntributors here!

    

    

    


    

    Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook
    

    

    
The OCaml Cookbook is a place where OCaml developers share how to solve com=
mon tasks using packages from the ecosystem.

    


    
A recipe is a code sample and explanations on how to perform a task using a=
 combination of open-source libraries.

    


    
The Cookbook is live at ocaml.org/co=
okbook.

    


    
Here's how you can help:

    


      

    1. Review, then open pull requests for cookbook recipes!
      2. 

    2. Contribute new recipes and tasks for the cookbook!
      3. 

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    
    

    

    




    

    Community & Marketing Pages Rework
    

    

    
We have UI designs for the reworked and new pages of the =
community section, and implementation is in progress.

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    



    

    


    

    General Improvements and Data Additions
    

    

    
Summary:

    

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    





    

    ocaml-libbpf: Libbpf C-bindings for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-libbpf-lib=
bpf-c-bindings-for-ocaml/14905/1

    

    


    

    Lee Koon Wen announced
    

    

    
I'm excited to announce the first release of ocaml-libbpf, a new library pr=
oviding OCaml bindings for libbpf, the essential C library for working with=
 eBPF programs. This library allows you to load, initialize, link, and mana=
ge eBPF programs within OCaml, simplifying the process of working with thes=
e powerful in-kernel applications.

    


    opam install libbpf

    


    
Key Features:

    

      

    • High-level and Low-level APIs: Access both raw bindings and user-friend=
ly high-level functions for eBPF management.
      • 

    • Seamless Integration: Load eBPF ELF files into the kernel with ease.

    • BPF Map Support: Manage BPF maps for communication between user space a=
nd kernel space.
      • 

    


    
For more information, visit the ocaml-libbpf repo. Contributions and feedback are welcome!

    


    
Enjoy!

    

    

    

    





    

    How I built the Acutis template language in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-how-i=
-built-the-acutis-template-language-in-ocaml/14916/1

    

    


    

    John announced
    

    

    
Acutis is a personal project I've been developing on-and-off over the last =
few years. It's a template language (similar to Mustache, Nunjucks, etc.) t=
hat has a static type system, uses pattern-matching, and can compile templa=
tes into JavaScript files. I'm sharing it now because it's reached a somewh=
at-stable state.

    


    
You can view its home page here=
 and its source co=
de here. I also wrote a blog-style article that explains how I created =
Acutis, the problems I faced, and the decisions I made. You can read it her=
e: "The Acutis templat=
e language, or: how I over-engineered a program that just prints text".

    


    
I don't especially expect people to use Acutis much, since it's very person=
al and based around my specific use cases. (Also, we have an overabundance =
of template languages already anyway.) Nonetheless, building it was a fun a=
nd rewarding learning experience for me. Perhaps some people will find it a=
s interesting as I did. =F0=9F=99=82

    

    

    

    





    

    MirageOS podcast
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mirageos-podcast/14927/1

    

    


    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
I recently was interviewed by Matthias Kirschner from FSFE about MirageOS (=
+ OCaml). The result is a podcast https://fsfe.org/news/podcast/episode-25.en.html

    


    
Spread the word, have a listen, and please don't hesitate to give feedback =
- via email or in this thread.

    

    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--

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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 16 Jul 2024 08:24:45 +0200
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 09 to 16, 2024.

    





    

    OCaml FFI Sharp Edges and How to Avoid Them
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-ocaml-ffi-s=
harp-edges-and-how-to-avoid-them/14935/1

    

    


    

    Matt Walker announced
    

    

    
Wrote another blog post about my adventures in Godotcaml.  Check it out if =
you're interested in some details of memory management with a Ctypes FFI.  =
Would love to hear input to some of the questions asked in the post, too, i=
f you'd like!

    


    
https://fizzixnerd.com/blog/2024-07-09-ocaml-ffi-sharp=
-edges-and-how-to-avoid-them/

    

    

    

    





    

    Ortac 0.3.0 Dynamic formal verification made easy
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ortac-0=
-3-0-dynamic-formal-verification-made-easy/14936/1

    

    


    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    
I'm very pleased to announce this exciting new release of Ortac packages!

    


    
Ortac is a set of tools for dynamic verification of Gospel formal specifica=
tions of OCaml code.

    


    
You can find the project on this repo and install the released packages via opam.

    


    
Released packages are:

    

      

    • ortac-core
      • 

    • ortac-runtime
      • 

    • ortac-runtime-qcheck-stm
      • 

    • ortac-qcheck-stm
      • 

    • ortac-dune
      • 

    


    
But running:
$ opam install ortac-qcheck-stm ortac-dune
should be enough to install what is necessary.

    


    
Apart from some fixes, this release brings three main improvements to the O=
rtac/QCheck-STM mode.

    


    
The first one is about user experience. This is a two-parts improvement as =
we:

    


      

    1. move to a module-based configuration to reduce the number of arguments =
to give ortac qcheck-stm while increasing the flexibility of c=
onfiguration (see documentation for more information)
      2. 

    2. release the Ortac/Dune plugin which generates the dune rules necessary =
to generate and run the tests (see README for usage).
      3. 

    


    
With these two improvements, we believe that you have a very good excuse fo=
r not writing tests: it is very easy to generate them!

    


    
The second improvement is related to the supported subset of Gospel, mainly=
 about how you can express the logical model for your OCaml types: you don'=
t have to limit yourself anymore to the Gospel standard library.

    


    
Finally, some work has been put on extending the coverage of the generated =
tests: functions without any SUT argument and functions mentioning tuples a=
re now included in the tested values.

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    





    

    dream-html and pure-html 3.5.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-5-2/148=
08/3

    

    


    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
[ANN] dream-html & pure-html 3.6.0

    


    
Hello, I am happy to announce the following changes:

    


      

    • Added some htmx attributes that had been omitted. Now as far as I can t=
ell we have complete coverage of all core attributes, additional attributes=
, and those used by core extensions.
      • 

    • Add a ?header:bool optional parameter to to_xml and pp_xml functions to conveniently render the XML header =
as part of the output.
      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    The OCaml community is signed up for Outreachy!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/the-ocaml-communi=
ty-is-signed-up-for-outreachy/13892/19

    

    


    

    Siddhi Agrawal announced
    

    

    
I am Siddhi, an Outreachy Summer 2024 intern with the OCaml community. I am=
 working on the oc=
aml-api-watch project which is a tool that detects changes in the publi=
c API of a library and displays them in a human readable, git diff-like for=
mat so that the users and maintainers can stay on top of them. I am being m=
entored by @shonfeder, @NathanReb and Odinaka Joy (I am only able to mentio=
n people here) and it has been a great experience so far.=20

    


    
I have linked my blogs her=
e if you would like to know more about the project.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml LSP 1.18.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-1-18-0/14952/1

    

    


    

    PizieDust announced
    

    

    
We are happy to announce the release of ocaml-lsp 1.18.0 !

    


    
New Features:

    


    
This release brings exciting new features such as improved hover behavior w=
ith less noisy hovers on some Parsetree nodes such as keywords, comments et=
c. along with support for hovering over PPX annotations and preview the gen=
erated code. This release also have support for some additional custom quer=
ies, folding ifthenelse expressions, a new configuration optio=
n to control dune diagnostics, improved document symbols, and fixes to a ha=
ndful of issues.

    


    
Do not hesitate to report any suspicious behavior in the issue tracker

    

    

    

    





    

    2nd editor tooling dev-meeting: 25th of July =F0=9F=A7=99
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-2nd-editor-to=
oling-dev-meeting-25th-of-july/14953/1

    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
After the success of our first public dev-meeting, we ar=
e organizing the next one on the 25th of July at 5pm CEST.  Whether you are=
 a long time maintainer, an occasional contributor, a new comer, or simply =
a curious passer-by, please feel free to attend!

    


    
=E2=9C=A8 We have two talks scheduled for this session:

    

      

    • @octachron will present his work on having structured compiler output

    • @nojb will present "typed grep" an tool used at LexiFi to search by typ=
e in the codebase.
      • 

    


    
=F0=9F=93=8B Meeting agenda:=20

    

      

    • A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to present=
 themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
      • 

    • Talks and Q&A
      • 

    • Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or mention=
ed during the tour-de-table.
      • 

    • Discuss possible alternative meeting hours.
      • 

    


    
We're looking forward to meeting you!=20

    



    

    

    





    

    A (Possibly) Safer Interface to the Ctypes FFI
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-a-possibly=
-safer-interface-to-the-ctypes-ffi/14954/1

    

    


    

    Matt Walker announced
    

    

    
Hi there, another blog post.

    


    
This time I discuss ideas for a new interface that helps localize the possi=
bilities of errors when working with a Ctypes-style FFI.  Comment below if =
you like/hate it please!

    


    
https://fizzixnerd.com/blog/2024-07-11-a-possibly-saf=
er-interface-to-the-ctypes-ffi/

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml Workshop 2024 at ICFP – announcement and call for=
 proposals
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
ocaml-workshop-2024-at-icfp-announcement-and-call-for-proposals/14371/13

    

    


    

    Sonja Heinze announced
    

    

    
The accepted talks are now public! You can find them on the Workshop website.

    


    
We're very happy with the expected quality and diversity of talks. To give =
a bit of a taste via a few examples of talks that will be presented:

    


      

    • In the context of the OCaml language,  On the design and implementation of Modular Explicits will present =
a major and long-wanted new language feature whose PR on the compiler lande=
d last week.
      • 

    • In the context of the OCaml ecosystem, Opam 2.2 and beyond will present technical details as well as strug=
gles about the just-landed 2.2 release of your package manager.
      • 

    • In the context of day-to-day OCaml applications, B =C2=B7 o =C2=B7 B, a universal & secure file-transfer soft=
ware in OCaml will present a real-life MirageOs application.
      • 

    • In the context of OCaml developer experience, Project-wide occurrences for OCaml, a progress report will p=
resent a shiny new editor feature that makes OCaml code navigation a joy.

    • There will also be four talks in the landscapes of OCaml multi-core<=
/b> (i.e. OCaml 5).
      • 

    


    
We've given the authors a few weeks to update their abstracts and papers if=
 they want to. At the beginning of August, the scheduled program with updat=
ed abstracts and attached papers will be on the website.

    


    
For those who haven't seen it yet: The registration for the workshops and t=
he whole conference is open now. There's currently an early bird discount, which =
ends on August 3rd.

    


    
As we've mentioned already, the in-person experience of the workshop is a v=
ery nice one, allowing everyone to interact with colleagues and the rest of=
 the community, to chat about the talks and OCaml in general, hit up the sp=
eakers etc. However, if you're not able to make it, you'll still be able to=
 enjoy the talks: The talks will be live-streamed, and some time later be m=
ade permanently available online.

    


    
Really, genuinely, thanks a lot to all members of the Program Committee for=
 the very valuable reviews and interactions as well as to all the authors o=
f all submissions!

    

    

    

    





    

    living 0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-living-0-1-0/14964/1

    

    


    

    Matt Walker announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the first pre-opam version of the living library, currently available only on GitHub for testing.  I have some ba=
sic tests and a README explaining what it's for, but basically, it prevents=
 mistakes like=20

    


    

    open Ctypes

(** Returns a pointer i=
nto the argument character string that points to the first
    instance of the arg=
ument character. *)
let strchr : char p=
tr -> char -> char ptr =3D=20
  Foreign.foreign "strchr" (ptr char @-&=
gt; char @-> returning (pt=
r char))

let () =3D
  let p =3D CArray.start (CArray.of_string "abc") in
  let q =3D strchr p =
'a' in
  let () =3D Gc.compact () in
  let c =3D !@=
 q in
  if Char.(equal c '=
a') then p=
rint_endline "yay!" else print_endline "boo!"

    

    


    
above from causing you pain.  If you weren't aware, the code above will alm=
ost always print "boo!".  Using `living`, you can replace it with this code:

    


    

    open Living
open Living_ctypes

let strchr  : char =
ptr -> char -> char ptr Living=
_core.t =3D=20
  let strchr_unsafe =3D Foreign.foreign "strchr" (=
ptr char @-> char @-> returning (ptr char)) in
  fun s c ->=
; Living_core.(strchr_unsafe s c =3D=
> s)

let _ =3D
  let open Living_core.Let_syntax in
  let* p =3D CArray.<=
/span>start (CArray.of_string "abc") in
  let* q =3D strchr p 'a' in
  let () =3D Gc.compact () in
  let* c =3D !@ q in
  if Char.(equal c '=
a') then p=
rint_endline "yay!" else print_endline "boo!"
  Living_core.return ()

    

    


    
and it will always print "yay!"

    


    
Edit: should probably link to it!

    


    
https://github.com/F=
izzixnerd/ocaml-living

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 16 to 23, 2024.

    





    

    A Tour of the Living Library – A Safer FFI
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-a-tour-of-the-=
living-library-a-safer-ffi/14981/1

    

    


    

    Matt Walker announced
    

    

    
I've written a new blog post on the living library I announced=
 a few days ago.  Please give it a read if you're interested in safe use of=
 Ctypes, or otherwise need lifetime management in OCaml.

    


    
Would love to hear your views in this thread!

    


    
https://fizzixnerd.com/blog/2024-07-17-touring-the-living-library/

    

    

    

    





    

    first release of rpmfile
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-rpmfile/14985/1=


    

    


    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the first release of rpmfile, a small library for reading meta information fro=
m RPM packages (version 3.0). It uses the Angstrom combinator parser librar=
y, which allows it to perform streaming parsing using Lwt or Async.

    


    
How to get a package summary:

    

    

    module Rpm_reader =3D Rpmfile.Reader (Rpmfile.Selector.All)

let metadata =3D Rp=
m_reader.of_file_exn "hello-2.12.1-1=
.7.x86_64.rpm"

Rpmfile.summary metadata
(* - : string =3D "A Friendly Greetin=
g Program" *)

    

    


    
The default reader module can read from a string or file, but has poor perf=
ormance. It needs a selector module to select the tags to parse. The exampl=
e uses Selector.All to parse all tags.=20

    


    
I am developing this library for my pet project to create a self-hosted RPM=
 repository management solution.=20

    


    
Thank you for your attention!

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/1

    

    


    

    maiste announced
    

    

    
We are organizing a new public Dune dev meeting on Wednesday, July, 24th=
 at 10am CET. It will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, feel free to join! The goal of these meetings is to provide a place=
 to discuss the ongoing work together :smile:
Below, you can find the agenda for this meeting:

    

    


    

    :scroll: Agenda
    

    

      

    • Quick presentation about the attendees.
      • 

    • Presentation about the ongoing work in Dune.
      • 

    • Questions and Answers.
      • 

    • Information discussions
      • 

    

    

    


    

    :chains: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    





    

    Fighting Mutation with Mutation in Living
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-fighting-muta=
tion-with-mutation-in-living/15003/1

    

    


    

    Matt Walker announced
    

    

    
New blog post about fixing the mistakes in the living library.=
  Please take a look if you're interested in interfacing ocaml with externa=
l resources.

    


    
https://f=
izzixnerd.com/blog/2024-07-21-fixing-living/

    


    
In particular, I think the library comes good with its guarantees now that

    

      

    1. if every function is properly dependent, and
      2. 

    2. you only unsafe_free values that are disjoint from their d=
ependencies, then
      3. 

    

    
you will obtain a sound program when using the Ctypes ffi, in terms of ther=
e being no use-after-free errors.

    


    
Please let me know if you disagree!

    

    

    

    





    

    A small extension of Bigarray.Genarray adding iteration, mappi=
ng and folding
    

    

    
Archive: https://discu=
ss.ocaml.org/t/ann-a-small-extension-of-bigarray-genarray-adding-iteration-=
mapping-and-folding/15005/1

    

    


    

    NAlec announced
    

    

    
I needed a few functions which were missing in the OCaml library : Bigarray.Genarr=
ay, and decided to write them for my own purpose :=20

    

      

    • Iteration on genarrays
      • 

    • mapping on genarrays
      • 

    • folding on genarrays
      • 

    


    
Today I believe this can be usefull for others, and may suffer a code inspe=
ction as I am not that experienced in OCaml. I am ready to have this piece =
of code evolve if it is usefull so even (and maybe first) a feedback on the=
 usefullness of such code is welcome.

    


    
The only alternative I was given was the famous Owl library, which was way =
to heavy for my needs, and not easily usable (if not understandable). This =
extension is very simple, it is its strenght. Ultimately, it could be merge=
d in the standard library … maybe after some work indeed : you tell =
me.=20

    


    
There is a clean documentation I guess, hope this can help : GenArrayIter

    


    
Looking forward to hearing from you all.

    

    

    

    





    

    cudajit: Bindings to the cuda and nvrtc libraries
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cudajit-=
bindings-to-the-cuda-and-nvrtc-libraries/15010/1

    

    


    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
Hi! I'm happy to share cudajit 0.4.0: manually-selected bindings for Nvidia=
 GPU programming. cudajit should soon propagate to the opam repository.
Bindings to the cuda and nvrtc libraries with a unified interface
API documentation
Currently supported:

    


      

    • Compiling a kernel with conversion to PTX, launching a kernel.
      • 

    • Synchronous and asynchronous memory copying.
      • 

    • Contexts and streams.
      • 

    • (GPU) device attributes.
      • 

    


    
Currently not supported:

    


      

    • Events.
      • 

    • CUDA graph features.
      • 

    • Cooperative kernel launch.
      • 

    


    
Let me know your needs so I can prioritize. PRs are also welcome!

    

    

    

    





    

    Rpmfile 0.2.0 - changelog
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-rpmfile/14985

    

    


    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Hello again, everyone. :wave: Today I want to tell you about what has chang=
ed in a new version of my rpm=
file library (previous topic) for reading meta-information from RPM=
 packages.Should I post this in the forum? I'm sorry.

    

    


    

    Changes
    

    

      

    • Fixed incorrect string parsing. I just forgot to make advance after take_till (commit);
      • 

    • angstrom-unix is used by default to read files in the Reader module functions. Previously, a RPM package was read entire=
ly into memory;
      • 

    • Optimized partial parsing of header=
 sections. Reduced unnecessary memory allocations (c=
ommit);
      • 

    • Decoding integers (int8/int16/int32/int64) to native int in acce=
ss functions[^1] (like Rpmfile.payload_size). You can also use=
 get to get "raw" values;
      • 

    • Improved compatibility with 4.0 version of RPM format by using nativ=
e int;
      • 

    • Added a module Selector.Base to select only basic package =
info (commit);
      • 

    • Some new access functions and output fields of the CLI utility.
      • 

    

    

    


    

    rpmfile vs rpm -qi
    

    

    
Not a real "benchmark" for parsing 1.5 GB packages.

    


    $ time rpm -qi repo/*.rpm
Executed in  226.82 millis    fish           external
   usr time  212.74 millis    1.06 millis  211.68 millis
   sys time   13.23 millis    0.00 millis   13.23 millis

$ time rpmfile repo/*.rpm
Executed in  153.97 millis    fish           external
   usr time  116.74 millis    0.00 millis  116.74 millis
   sys time   30.65 millis    1.47 millis   29.18 millis

    


    
Rpmfile doesn't verify signatures, which is why it is "faster".

    

    

    


    

    What's next?
    

    

    
This is enough for my tasks, so there probably won't be a next release :col=
d_face:

    


    
To-Do: functionality to work with signatures, read payload, implement write=
r module for create packages.

    


    
Thank you for your attention!

    


    
P.S. I also want to apologize for my terrible English.=20

    


    
[^1]: The access function gets and decodes values from a metadata record.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Exploring the Docusaurus+Odoc combo
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/exploring-the-docusaurus-odoc=
-combo/15012/1

    

    


    

    Mathieu Barbin announced
    

    

    
To OCaml & Docusaurus enthusiasts out there :camel:+ :sauropod:

    


    
Some time ago, I shared my experience using Docusaurus to document an OCaml=
 project, highlighting the integration between Docusaurus, ocaml-mdx, and t=
he dune workflow (previous post here).

    


    
Today I wanted to share that I've resumed this exploration in documentation=
 tools to try and integrate odoc-generated pages into Docusaurus, with the =
aim of creating a somewhat minimal template/example for this.

    


    
I've published my experiment here: https://mbarbin.github.io/doc-experiment-docusauru=
s/.

    


    
Integrating odoc posed challenges - I've written about the (pragmatic) appr=
oach I took here. I'm linking this odoc issue too, for reference about exploring more nat=
ive solutions for this interop.

    


    
Have you too tried this "magic combo" of Docusaurus, Odoc, and OCaml tools?=
 And if so, how did you approach it? Do you have insights or suggestions? I=
f this sparks your curiosity, please don't hesitate to engage with the repo=
sitory.

    

    

    

    





    

    Mopsa 1.0 – Modular Open Platform for Static Analysis

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mopsa=
-1-0-modular-open-platform-for-static-analysis/15013/1

    

    


    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Monat announced
    

    

    
On behalf of all its developers, I am glad to announce the release of Mopsa 1.0! You can just=
 opam install mopsa.

    


    
Mopsa stands for Modular and Open Platform for Static Analysis. It aims at =
easing the development and use of static analyzers. More specifically, Mops=
a is a generic framework for building sound static analyzer based on the th=
eory of abstract interpretation. Mopsa is independent of language and abstr=
action choices. Developers are free to add arbitrary abstractions (numeric,=
 pointer, memory, etc.) and syntax iterators for new languages. Mopsa encou=
rages the development of independent abstractions which can cooperate or be=
 combined to improve precision.

    


    
Mopsa currently support the analysis of Python, C and Python+C programs. It=
 reports run-time errors on C programs and uncaught exceptions on Python pr=
ograms. Our benchmarks provide an illustrative overview of what Mopsa can c=
urrently analyze. All analyses currently provided are flow and context-sens=
itive (i.e, control-flow operators are taken into account by the analysis, =
and functions are analyzed by virtual inlining). The C analysis is actively=
 developed and maintained. The Python and Python+C analyses work on real-wo=
rld examples, but are not actively developed.

    


    
Please note that Mopsa is an academic tool under development. Feel free to =
submit issues if you=
 encounter any bug!

    


    
Additional resources:=20

    


    

    

    





    

    OCaml 5 performance
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-performance/15014/1

    

    


    

    Thomas Leonard announced
    

    

    
I've been trying out some tools to investigate performance problems in my O=
Caml programs and I've written up my experiences here in case other people =
find it useful:

    




    
The first post examines a case of slow IO in a concurrent Eio program, and =
the second looks at poor GC performance in a multicore app.

    


    
In particular, it seems that minor GC performance is very sensitive to othe=
r work running on the machine, since any domain being late will trigger the=
 others to sleep, e.g.

    



    

    3D"e821895b934=

    

    


    
I'd be interested to know if others can shed more light on this, or have ot=
her profiling tools they've found useful.

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 30 Jul 2024 15:26:22 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 23 to 30, 2024.

    





    

    .mlx syntax dialect
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlx-syntax-dialect/15035/1

    

    


    

    Andrey Popp announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml community,

    


    
it is my pleasure to announce a release of .mlx dialect.

    


    
The .mlx dialect extends OCaml syntax with JSX expression construct, follow=
ing the example of JSX in JavaScript/ReasonML. A brief snippet:

    


    

    let page ?(encoding=3D"utf=
8") ~title ~content =3D
  <html>
    <head>
      <meta charset=3Dencoding />
      <title>title</title>
    </head>
    <body>
      content
    </body>
  </html>

let _ =3D <page title=3D"Hello" content=3D"World" />

    

    


    
The main use case is to make it easier to describe user interfaces with OCa=
ml, which can range from generating HTML (example with Dream) or describing interactive UIs with ReasonRea=
ct (example).

    

    


    

    Installation and usage
    

    

    
Install the packages from opam:

    

    

    opam install mlx ocamlmerlin-mlx

    

    


    
Then configure dune to use the mlx preprocessor:

    


    

    (dialect
 (name mlx)
 (implementation
  (extension mlx)
  (merlin_reader mlx)
  (preprocess
   (run mlx-pp %{input-file}))))

    

    


    
Now files with .mlx extension will be treated as OCaml modules.

    


    
The merlin/ocamllsp users will get roughly the same level of support for .mlx syntax as they get for .ml but some additional=
 text editor/IDE configuration is needed to associate .mlx fil=
es with merlin/ocamllsp.

    


    
For neovim users there's a plugin ocaml-mlx/ocaml_mlx.nvim, which does that bit of a confi=
guration and provides highlighting for .mlx files based on a t=
ree-sitter parser.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    heml, a HEEx-inspired HTML templating ppx for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-heml-a=
-heex-inspired-html-templating-ppx-for-ocaml/15037/1

    

    


    

    Petri-Johan Last announced
    

    

    
I've been working on heml, a=
 PPX extension that allows you to build complex HTML templates directly in =
your OCaml code.

    


    
It's a direct implementation of Elixir Phoenix's HEEx templates.

    


    
The README on GitHub has an example video of what it looks like in the edit=
or and a bunch of example code, but here's a short snippet for convenience:

    


    

    (* layouts=
.ml *)
let layout ~title contents =3D {%heml|<!DOCTYPE htm=
l>
<html lang=3D"en">
  <head><title><%s=3D=
 title %></title></head&=
gt;
  <body>
    <%raw=3D contents %>
  </body>
</html>|}

(* main.ml *)
let heading ~text =3D {%heml|<h1><%s=
=3D text %></h1>|}

let greet ~user =3D {%heml|<p>Hello, <%s=3D u=
ser %></p>|}

let () =3D
  let title =3D "Hell=
o, OCaml!" in
  print_endline {%heml|<Layouts.layout title=3D{title}>
    <.heading text=3D"Hello!" /&g=
t;

    <%=3D List.iter (fun user -> %>
      <.greet user=3D{user} />
    <%=3D ) ["Steve"; "Becca";=
 "John"]; %>

</Layouts.layout>|}

    

    


    
heml differs from other templating solutions by allowing you to call OCaml =
code directly in the template, which is extremely useful for looping and co=
nditional rendering. You can also create and call your own components/layou=
ts.

    


    
heml leverages the OCaml LSP for accurate in-line errors, and the templates=
 are parsed and compiled into a series of Buffer writes which returns a str=
ing at runtime.

    


    
I'm still waiting for it to be released on opam, but thought I'd share it in the m=
eantime in case anyone would be willing to check it out and provide feedbac=
k :slight_smile: .

    

    

    

    





    

    Forester 4.2
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-forester-4-2/15043/1

    

    


    

    Jon Sterling announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the release of Forester 4.2 on opam, which is an O=
Caml utility to develop =E2=80=9CForests=E2=80=9D, which are densely interl=
inked mathematical websites / Zettelk=C3=A4sten similar to the Stacks project or Kerodon. You can see the changelog on my own Forest.

    


    
This release adds many new features and improvements, including:

    


      

    • First-class functions and lazy arguments, which can be used to implemen=
t more ergonomic MathML macros.
      • 

    • A new query language, which is now expressive enough to encode the back=
matter
      • 

    • Improved performance of graph analysis (2x overall speedup rendering my=
 own forest)
      • 

    


    
To see other features and documentation of breaking changes, please view th=
e Forester 4.2 Release=
 Notes.

    


    
My thanks to @kentookura and Jinser Kafka for their contributions to this r=
elease.

    

    

    

    





    

    First Robotics and OCaml - Do you know any local teams?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-roboti=
cs-and-ocaml-do-you-know-any-local-teams/15051/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
For those who don't know, First Robotics is a competitive, international hi=
gh school league for robotics: https://www.firstinspires.org/robotics/frc.

    


    
I've helped a couple students write "scouting" software partially in OCaml =
and partially in Java: https://github.com/diskuv/scout=
apps/tree/main?tab=3Dreadme-ov-file#sonic-scout-apps

    


    
It is a very very slow season for robotics teams, but if your local =
high school participates now is a great time for the mentors of that team t=
o get ready. If you know a team that needs scouting software and want to he=
lp spread OCaml to your local neighborhoods … please direct message =
me.

    

    

    

    





    

    2nd editor tooling dev-meeting: 25th of July =F0=9F=A7=99
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-2nd-editor-to=
oling-dev-meeting-25th-of-july/14953/4

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, vds announced
    

    

    
Thanks a lot to all participants and speakers, it was a very nice and inter=
esting meeting !

    


    
You can find the meeting notes here: https://github.com/ocaml/merlin/wiki=
/Public-dev%E2%80%90meetings

    


    
With the summer (/winter) break coming for a lot of us, the next meeting wi=
ll take place in September. We will implement a call-for-presentation and a=
 poll to choose meeting times by then.

    


    
Don't hesitate to tell us right away if you would like to give a presentati=
on or if you have subjects that you would like us to take on. (@andreypopp =
would you be interested in talking about melange and how it integrates with=
 editor tooling ?)

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 06 Aug 2024 11:00:30 +0200
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 30 to August 06,=
 2024.

    





    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/28

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
Meeting notes are available here: https://github.com/ocaml-ppx/ppxlib/wiki=
/Dev-Meeting-2024-07-23

    


    
Thank you to all of the participants. If anyone is interested in adding ite=
ms for the next meeting in August do ping me.

    


    
Until then happy ppx-ing :))

    

    

    

    





    

    Pragmatic Category Theory
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/pragmatic-category-theory/15056/1

    

    


    

    Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
    

    

    
I started writing a series on Pragmatic Category Theory for Beginners focusing on real-world use cases rather than theory. All code examples ar=
e in OCaml.

    


    
The first part was just finished:

    



    
It's just the beginning, and I have plans to describe more and provide more=
 examples in future parts. I also plan to make a video version as well.

    


    
I hope you'll enjoy it!

    

    

    

    





    

    ppxlib.0.33.0
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppxlib-0-33-0/15061/1

    

    


    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
The Ppxlib dev team is happy to announce the release of ppxlib.0.33.0=
.

    


    
You can find the full changelog for this release here.

    

    


    

    Warning silencing for [@@deriving ..] ge=
nerated code
    

    

    
This release's main feature is a series of improvement to flags controlling=
 unused value/module/type warnings silencing.

    


    
The ppxlib driver generates warning silencing items to prevent=
 [@@deriving ...]
generated code to trigger unused code warnings. Three warnings are disabled=
 that
way:

    

      

    • Warning 32: unused value
      • 

    • Warning 60: unused module
      • 

    • Warning 34: unused type
      • 

    


    
The first two are disabled for values and modules generated by the deriver =
while the third is disabled for the types in the type declaration to which =
the [@@deriving ...] attribute is attached.

    


    
This feature was added a long time ago to avoid manually disabling those wa=
rnings when working with derivers that generate a set of values and modules=
 only to use a subset of those. Alternatively, the unused type warning sile=
ncing was added to allow defining an alias type only to be consumed by a de=
river, e.g.:

    

    

    type error =3D [`Not_found | `Invalid_arg]=
 [@@deriving to_string]

    

    


    
We since then believe that we should not disable warnings lightly, as this =
behaviour makes it difficult to find and remove dead code. The right approa=
ch in those situations should be to fix the PPX derivers so that they are m=
ore configurable and can be used without triggering such warnings.

    


    
We will start to move toward removing this feature, but since it is still u=
seful in some places, we had to come up with a plan to allow transitioning =
out of it.

    


    
In ppxlib.0.31.0 we added the -unused-code-warnings driver flag and the
?unused_code_warnings's Deriving.V2.make optional=
 argument to control whether to silence Warnings 32 and 60. When both are s=
et to true, by the user and the deriver authors, the warnings =
are not silenced.

    


    
As of ppxlib.0.33.0, these also control the silencing of Warni=
ng 34 (unused type). force can now be passed to the -unu=
sed-code-warnings flag in order to disable warnings silencing, regar=
dless of the derivers opting in.

    


    
This allows users to test whether their codebase and their set of derivers =
rely on warning silencing or not and to use those results to eliminate dead=
 code and/or report issues upstream to the derivers they use.

    


    
We also added a separate -unused-type-warnings flag that works=
 similarly to
-unused-code-warnings (i.e., depends on the value of the ?unused_code_warnings argument), but it only controls Warning 34 si=
lencing, as it turns out it is less likely to cause unwanted warnings than =
with the other two. This will allow users to disable it more easily, withou=
t having to deal with Warnings 32 and 60 straight away.

    


    
We want to encourage users to try those on their codebase in order to see t=
he impact it has. Did you have dead code lying around that slipped past und=
etected? Does this trigger unwanted warnings because of deriver's generated=
 code?

    


    
The plan is to give the ecosystem some time to try those features and adapt=
 by fixing individual derivers and flipping ?unused_code_warnings to true as they do. After a while, we will swap the default value of th=
e driver flag to true so that only derivers that haven't opted=
 in will enable warning silencing. Then as time goes we will swap the defau=
lt of the Deriving.make argument so that derivers will instead=
 have to explicitly opt out to get the warning silencing. Finally, once we =
are confident the ecosystem is in a good enough state, we will remove this =
feature altogether.

    

    

    


    

    Other features
    

    

    
ppxlib.0.33.0 also comes with a couple of new features for PPX=
 authors:

    

      

    • A couple new Ast_builder functions: elist_tail and plist_tail
that can be used to build list expressions and patterns with a custom tail:
elist_tail [expr1; expr2] tail_expr returns the expression for
expr1::expr2::tail_expr.
      • 

    • Context_free.special_function', a new version of spe=
cial_function that
allows passing a Longident.t directly rather that relying on p=
arsing the
string argument to a Longident.t.
      • 

    


    
Finally, the release includes a few bug fixes to Longident.parse and
Code_path.main_module_name and fixes the location-check<=
/code> flag so it is not
required to also pass -check to enable location checks. It als=
o fixes the 5.2
migrations locations, as we used to build nodes with inconsistent locations=
 when
migrating Pexp_function nodes.

    

    

    


    

    Huge thanks to our external contributors
    

    

    
We would like to thank our external contributors who have been a huge part =
of this release: @octachron, @vg-b, and @jchavarri, and a special mention t=
o @mbarbin, who has not only contributed a lot to the warning silencing fea=
tures but has been extensively testing and providing very useful feedback o=
n them.

    


    
And of course, as usual, we'd like to thank the OCaml Software Foundation w=
ho has been funding my work on Ppxlib and on this release, making all of th=
is possible!

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml-LSP 1.19.0 for OCaml 5.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-lsp-1-19-0-for-ocaml=
-5-2/15071/1

    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce, on behalf of the ocaml-lsp team, the release of ocaml-lsp-server 1.19.0 and associated libraries. Th=
is release primary goal is to bring official support for OCaml 5.2 =F0=9F=
=90=AB.

    

    


    

    Features
    

    

      

    • Add custom [~ocamllsp/getDocumentation~](/ocaml-lsp-server/docs/ocamlls=
p/getDocumentation-spec.md) request (ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1336)
      • 

    • Add support for OCaml 5.2 (ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1233)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Fixes
    

    

      

    • Kill unnecessary ocamlformat processes with sigterm rather than sigint =
or
sigkill (ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1343)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    MlFront - A packaging system for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfront-a-packaging-=
system-for-ocaml/15072/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
Here are the introductory paragraphs from its overview:

    


    

    
MlFront adds a Java-like packaging system to OCaml. The =
MlFront name is a homage to cfront which was tooling th=
at translated "C with Classes" (now known as C++) into C code. Similarly, <=
code>MlFront-based tools can translate OCaml with packages into conv=
entional OCaml.
…
At its most basic core, MlFront gives a well-defined, consiste=
nt meaning to a module reference like AcmeWidgets_Std.Activities.Manu=
facturing across the domains of:

    


      

    1. OCaml source code.
      2. 

    2. findlib libraries.
      3. 

    3. opam packages.
      4. 

    

    


    
MlFront is Apache 2.0 licensed and is meant to be used by buil=
d systems (Dune, ocamlbuild, DkCoder) and package managers (opam). One of i=
ts critical dependencies is codept.

    


    
You can read more about MlFront in the following posts (with m=
ore coming):

    




    
Cross-post notice: The first article was posted at https://lobste.rs/s/7ghslo/overview_o=
camlfront; no comments (:(). But I still like to get first-hand feedbac=
k on what works well in other languages, so please chime in even if you don=
't feel that OCaml is your strong suit.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml.org Newsletter: July 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-org-newsletter-july-2024/150=
87/1

    

    


    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the July 2024 edition of the OCaml.org newsletter! This update h=
as been compiled by the OCaml.org maintainers. You can find previous updates on Disc=
uss.

    


    
Our goal is to make OCaml.org the best resource for anyone who wants to get=
 started and be productive in OCaml. The OCaml.org newsletter provides an u=
pdate on our progress towards that goal and an overview of the changes we a=
re working on.

    


    
We couldn't do it without all the amazing people who help us review, revise=
, and create better OCaml documentation and work on issues. Your participat=
ion enables us to so much more than we could just by ourselves. Thank you!

    


    
This newsletter covers:

    

      

    • Community-Driven Development of OCaml.org
      • 

    • Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook: Help us make the OCaml Cookbook =
really useful by contributing and reviewing recipes for common tasks!
      • 

    • Community & Marketing Pages Rework: Implementation work in p=
rogress.
      • 

    • General Improvements: As usual, we also worked on general mainte=
nance and improvements, so we're highlighting some of the work that happene=
d below.
      • 

    

    


    

    Community-Driven Development of OCaml.org
    

    

    
After reworking most of the OCaml.org website to be more useful, more usabl=
e, and nicer to look at, the team at Tarides that has been working on OCaml=
.org is disbanding. However, OCaml.org will continue to be maintained and e=
xtended by by the OCaml Platform and OCaml compiler contributors, as well a=
s by the wider OCaml community.

    


    
You can reach out to the OCaml.org maintainers to discuss any bigg=
er changes or additions you'd like to make. Contributions to improve existi=
ng features and bug fixes are always welcome!

    

    



    



    

    Recipes for the OCaml Cookbook
    

    

    
The OCaml Cookbook is a place where OCaml developers share how to solve com=
mon tasks using packages from the ecosystem.

    


    
A recipe is a code sample and explanations on how to perform a task using a=
 combination of open-source libraries.

    


    
The Cookbook is live at ocaml.org/co=
okbook.

    


    
Here's how you can help:

    


      

    1. Help review the open pull requests for cookbook reci=
pes!
      2. 

    2. Contribute new recipes and tasks for the cookbook!
      3. 

    


    
Thank you all for the many contributions! One area where we could use help =
is in reviewing and improving the suggested recipes and tasks.

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    


    

    Community & Marketing Pages Rework
    

    

    
We have UI designs for the reworked and new pages of the =
community section, and implementation is being worked on by @oyenuga17, our former Outreachy intern!

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    


    

    General Improvements and Data Additions
    

    

    
Summary:

    

      

    • The selected OS is now part of the anchor tag of the URL on the https://ocaml.org/install page. This all=
ows people to link to quick install instructions for a specific OS.
      • 

    • We appreciate the contributions to the OCaml documentation!
      • 

    • We're checking for backlinks to OCaml.org again with Ahrefs.
      • 

    


    
Relevant PRs and Activities:

    


    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 06 to 13, 2024.

    





    

    MlFront - A Java-like package system for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfront-a-ja=
va-like-package-system-for-ocaml/15072/4

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I've added a third post: https://diskuv.com/mlfront/overview-3/

    


    
In it I describe a small but useful reference build system for MlFro=
nt which can take packages like:

    


    .
=E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 AcmeWidgets_Std/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 A.ml
=E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 BobBuilder_Std/
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 B.ml

    


    
and produce standalone build scripts that can be committed to source contro=
l:

    


    

    $ mlfront-boot -native -o buildscript

$ ./buildscript.sh # .\buildscript.cmd =
is also created

$ target/BobBuilder_Std.B
I am an A!
I am a B!

    

    


    
On a related note, I've begun to implement a small part of https://gallium.inria.fr/=
~scherer/namespaces/spec.pdf. It is not strictly required but Namespaces.mli =
will be very helpful for upgrading existing projects to MlFront-style packages without changing code. That will be for a future (not soon=
) post.

    

    

    

    










    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/9

    

    


    

    Continuing this thread, Marek Kubica announced
    

    

    
Thanks for everyone who joined today! The meeting minutes are online and the=
 next meeting will be in two weeks, 21st of August at 10:00 (AM) CEST.

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 13 to 20, 2024.

    





    

    MlFront - A Java-like package system for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfront-a-ja=
va-like-package-system-for-ocaml/15072/8

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
There is now a new library MlFront_Top with a build tool mlfront-top that will generate self-contained OCaml toplevel script=
 files with parallelism based on @c-cube's moonpool library:

    


    .
=E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 AcmeWidgets_Std/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 JobsA1.ml
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 JobsA2.ml
=E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 BobBuilder_Std/
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 JobsB.ml

    


    $ mlfront-top -o buildscript.ml

$ ocaml buildscript.ml -j 2 -native
  legend: -> start | <- finish
     directory create: target/
     file create: target/AcmeWidgets_Std.ml
     link create: AcmeWidgets_Std/JobsA1.ml -> target/AcmeWidgets_Std__J=
obsA1.ml
     link create: AcmeWidgets_Std/JobsA2.ml -> target/AcmeWidgets_Std__J=
obsA2.ml
     link create: BobBuilder_Std/JobsB.ml -> target/BobBuilder_Std__Jobs=
B.ml
  -> compile: AcmeWidgets_Std.JobsA1
  -> compile: AcmeWidgets_Std.JobsA2
  <- compile: AcmeWidgets_Std.JobsA1
  <- compile: AcmeWidgets_Std.JobsA2
  -> compile: AcmeWidgets_Std
  <- compile: AcmeWidgets_Std
  -> compile: BobBuilder_Std.JobsB
  <- compile: BobBuilder_Std.JobsB
  -> executable create: BobBuilder_Std.JobsB
  <- executable create: BobBuilder_Std.JobsB
  done.

$ target/BobBuilder_Std.JobsB
I am an A1!
I am an A2!
I am a B!

    


    
It requires the ocaml binary and ocamlc or =
ocamlopt. The complete example is at http=
s://gitlab.com/dkml/build-tools/MlFront/-/blob/0.4.0-6/tests/MlFront_Top/jo=
bs.t/run.t.

    

    

    

    





    

    Rpmfile library v0.3.0 with new Eio-based reader
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rpmfile-library-=
v0-3-0-with-new-eio-based-reader/15149/1

    

    


    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Today I want to tell you about new version of Rpmfile library. Rpmfile is a library for reading meta=
data from RPM=
 packages. Originally Rpmfile's parser (reader) used Angstrom for parsing. And in the ne=
w release added new modern Eio-based reader.=20

    


    
Globally, the project is now split into four packages: rpmfile=
, which contains signatures and implementation-independent functions, rpmfile-unix with the original Angstrom parser, and rpmfile-e=
io (with rpmfile-cli) written using Eio.

    

    


    

    My experience porting to Eio
    

    

    
Eio is a fantastic effect-based I/O library for a more modern age in multic=
ore OCaml. I think it takes the best ideas from the ecosystem. So built-in =
Buf_read and Buf_write modules implement ideas fr=
om Angstrom and Faraday libraries. Almost API one-to-one, allowing porting =
via copy-paste.=20

    


    
But, of course, not everything is so perfect. Unlike the Angstrom.par=
se_ function, the Buf_read.parse function thinks I want=
 to read a whole stream to end of input.

    


    
A snippet of the source code:

    

    

    let parse ?initial_size ~m=
ax_size p flow =3D
  let buf =3D of_flow flow ?initial_size ~max_size in
  format_errors (p <* end_of_input) buf
  (*               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^     =
      
                    0_0=
 nice (not)     =
   *)

    

    


    
So I had to rewrite this function myself in a form similar to Angstro=
m.Consume.Prefix.

    

    


      

    • Is it a signed or unsigned integer?
      

      

      
BE.uint16 and other similar functions are signed int ev=
en though they have the prefix u in the name for some reason.

      

      

      • 


    • And a few other differences
      

      

        

      • Angstrom.advance is skip
        • 

      • Angstrom.pos is consumed_bytes
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    


    

    P.S.
    

    

    
Thanks for your attention!

    

    

    

    

    





    

    GitHub - meta-introspector/ocaml-libppx-import-yojson-introspe=
ctor: Using libppx, ppx_import, reflect over ast using
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/github-meta-introspector-oca=
ml-libppx-import-yojson-introspector-using-libppx-ppx-import-reflect-over-a=
st-using/15151/1

    

    


    

    Jim Dupont announced
    

    

    
Here is a working first version (with warts) of a ppxlib to yojson converte=
r,
am still testing it but the hello world is working, I have tried multiple t=
imes to get this to work,=20
and finally settled on the import route to override the type system.
code here:
https://github.com/meta-introspector/ocaml-libppx-import-yojs=
on-introspector

    


    
example snippet

    


    {
  "pexp_desc": [
    "Pexp_constant",
    [
      "Pconst_string",
      "Hello, World!"
    ]
  ]
}

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune Developer Preview Updates
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-developer-preview-upd=
ates/15160/1

    

    


    

    ostera announced
    

    

    
Just wanted to share some of the work the Dune has been up to lately re: th=
e Developer Preview we announced here :) =E2=80=93 we'll be=
 using this thread to share more updates as things go.

    


    
As always, we hold our Dune Developer meetings in public and you're more th=
an welcome to subscribe to our public Calendar (Google, iCal)

    

    


    

    Getting ready for the Public Beta
    

    

    
As we prepare for the public beta, we're ramping up the DX interviews and e=
nsuring the first few users will have a fun, productive experience with the=
 developer preview.

    


    

    
:inbox_tray: If you signed up for the Dev Preview back in May, check your i=
nbox for a link and instructions to schedule your DX interview with us.

    

    


    
Here's a sample video (Mastodon or X) where you can see me building the Riot project on a mach=
ine that does not have OCaml installed. It is pretty neat!

    


    
Seriously, big shoutout to the Dune team at Tarides[0] who have been doing =
a phenomenal job :clap: :sparkles: :camel:=20

    


    
So here's what getting started with OCaml looks like today with the Dune De=
veloper Preview as of today (August 19 2024):

    


      

    1. get dune from our binary distribution =E2=80=93 we'll soon=
 make this public!
      2. 

    2. run dune pkg lock in your favorite project
      3. 

    3. run dune build
      4. 

    


    
That's it. No need to install anything else, Dune will see that lock file, =
fetch, and build all necessary dependencies.

    


    

    
:world_map: These are some strong step towards the OCaml Platform vision for 2026, that we ar=
e actively working towards. If you have any thoughts or feedback please let=
 me know!

    

    


    
There are more improvements coming that will help remove friction to get st=
arted and creating a delightful experience. Both of these things we strongl=
y believe will help onboard new users to the OCaml world.

    


    
Here's a few in the works:

    


      

    • Various DX improvements =E2=80=93 from new outputs to simplified=
 workflows, we want to make using Dune just delightful.
      • 

    • Bundled support for dev tools (ocalmformat, odoc, lsp) =E2=80=93=
 the default toolset will be available without any extra steps! just call <=
code>dune fmt, and it works. No need to manually install anything el=
se.
      • 

    • Automatic dependency locking =E2=80=93 when building, and even o=
n watch mode, Dune will lock your dependencies by default and keep the lock=
 up to date.
      • 

    • Cross-project Caching =E2=80=93 by default we'll enabled a local=
 Dune cache that across the system, so you never rebuild the same dependenc=
y even across projects.
      • 

    • Signed binaries with certificates of origin =E2=80=93 we care de=
eply about security and want to make sure that any binary we ship will be e=
asily verified and tracked back to its sources.
      • 

    


    
Stay tuned! :wave:=20

    


    
PS: here's a longer video (Mastodon, X) showing you the setup for OCaml from zero, creating a =
new project, and adding a dependency, all within ~5 minutes

    


    
[0] @emillon @Leonidas @gridbugs @tmattio. Ambre Shumay, Alpha Diallo, Etie=
nne Marais

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/29

    

    


    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
This month's meeting is scheduled for tomorrow, [date=3D2024-08-20 time=3D1=
7:00:00 timezone=3D"Europe/London"]!

    


    
The meeting agenda thus far is to discuss the following:

    




    
The meeting will be hosted on google meet here: https://meet.google.com/yxw-ejnu-cju

    


    
Everyone is very welcome to join! :camel:

    

    

    

    





    

    Pragmatic Category Theory: Part 2 published!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-part-prag=
matic-category-theory-part-2-published/15056/6

    

    


    

    Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
    

    

    
I just published the second part of my series, so I u=
pdated the topic.

    


    
Let me know when notifications become too noisy :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune dev meeting on 2024-08-21, 10am CEST
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting=
-on-2024-08-21-10am-cest/15166/1

    

    


    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Hi! The next public dune dev meeting will be held on 2024-08-21, 10am CEST.=
 Please feel free to let me know any topics you'd like us to discuss and I'=
ll update the meeting notes. The zoom link for the meeting is: https://us06web.zoom.us/j/85096877776?pwd=3DcWNhU1dHQ1ZNSjZuOUZCQ0h2by9Udz=
09

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 20 to 27,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

DkML 2.1.2 and opam 2.2.0
Outreachy Demo Presentation
opam 2.2.1
Ppxlib dev meetings
First release of corosync
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


DkML 2.1.2 and opam 2.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The major focus of DkML 2.1.2 is shipping it with opam 2.2 and having
  /some/ coexistence between DkML and opam 2.2 on Windows. You can skip
  this post if you don't develop on Windows.

  TLDR: Upgrade with `winget upgrade dkml'. Use `opam-real' to use pure
  opam 2.2 but only *after* installing Visual Studio 2022 (confer:
  release notes); example: `opam-real switch create 5.2.0+msvc'. Use `dk
  Ml.Switch init' to create DkML 4.14.2 switch. DkML has better MSVC
  package support today, while pure opam 2.2 has latest OCaml 5 and is
  the standard going forward; now you choose both without compromise.

  Major changes:
  =E2=80=A2 Uses opam 2.2.0. You can directly use unmodified opam 2.2 with
    `opam-real switch create 5.2.0+msvc'. Or continue to use `dk
    Ml.Switch init' (or the deprecated `dkml init') to create a DkML
    4.14.2 switch which supports more native MSVC Windows packages (for
    now) but does not have the latest and experimental OCaml language
    features.
  =E2=80=A2 Support Windows SDK 11 (10.0.22621.0) and VC 17.9 and 17.10
    (14.39/4x) added to allowed list. This makes it easier to coexist
    with opam 2.2 which requires Visual Studio 2022, and supports latest
    GitLab CI with its preinstallation of Visual Studio 2022.
  =E2=80=A2 The ocaml/opam-repository tag was advanced to Aug 15, 2024.
  =E2=80=A2 You can continue to use `dkml.exe' and `with-dkml.exe' but both=
 are
    deprecated. The new (unified) executable is `dk.exe'. See
    "Deprecated Commands" in the release notes.
  =E2=80=A2 Once every two weeks DkML news about new versions, errata,
    uninstalling, etc. will be shown on a webpage. It is triggered from
    the now deprecated `dkml init', the replacement `dk Ml.Switch init'
    and the `with-dkml' proxy commands, and can be disabled with `dk
    Ml.News disable'. In particular, use `dk Ml.News' to show the news
    if you are experiencing problems with DkML.
  =E2=80=A2 The patches to the OCaml compiler are now dual-licensed with OC=
aml's
    LGPL 2.1 exception and Apache 2.0. All other source (especially the
    build scripts) for the DkML compiler is licensed solely with Apache
    2.0. This is a follow-up to
    .
  =E2=80=A2 The uninstaller/upgrader stops `opam', `dune' and other OCaml
    processes since, on Windows, in-use executables can't be deleted or
    updated. This feature is not foolproof yet.
  =E2=80=A2 ull release notes are at
    .

  Enjoy! And thanks to OCSF for supporting Windows in the last couple of
  gap years.

  /Bug reports: [GitHub users] or
  [[/-/issues][GitLab
  users]]./


[GitHub users] 


Outreachy Demo Presentation
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce that next Friday [date=3D2024-08-30
  time=3D13:00:00 timezone=3D"Europe/London"] we will host the Outreachy
  Demo presentation. We invite all of the OCaml community and beyond to
  join us in celebrating the hard work of the community's three interns
  who have been working on:

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-api-watch]: _Libraries and tools to keep watch on you OC=
aml
    lib's API changes_
  =E2=80=A2 [diffcessible]: _a terminal based diff viewer with an emphasis =
on
    being accessible_
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-practice-exercises]: _Practice exercises for learning OC=
aml
    supporting GitHub Codespaces, Replit, and locally with Jupyter
    Notebook or directly on your machine._

  We'll post the meeting link closer to the time. Hopefully see you
  there! :camel:


[ocaml-api-watch] 

[diffcessible] 

[ocaml-practice-exercises]



opam 2.2.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


R. Boujbel announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are pleased to announce the release of opam 2.2.1.

  We've fixed a couple of regressions and would like to encourage users
  of opam 2.2 to upgrade:

  =E2=80=A2 Fix a regression in `opam install --deps-only' where the direct
    dependencies were not set as root packages
  =E2=80=A2 Fix a regression when fetching git packages where the resulting=
 git
    repository could lead to unexpected outputs of git commands, by
    disabling shallow clone by default except when fetching an opam
    repositories
  =E2=80=A2 Mitigate [curl/curl#13845] by falling back from `--write-out' to
    `--fail' if exit code 43 is returned by curl. In particular, this
    fixes `opam init' when run from cmd/PowerShell on Windows 11 23H2

  You=E2=80=99ll find more information in the [release blog post ].

  To upgrade, simply run for Unix systems

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocam=
l/opam/master/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  from PowerShell for Windows systems

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubus=
ercontent.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/install.ps1) }"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[curl/curl#13845] 

[release blog post ] 


David Allsopp then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Windows 11 users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to opam 2.2.1 for
  the mitigation for curl 8.8.0.

  opam 2.2.1 is also available via `winget', with `winget upgrade
  OCaml.opam'. The `OCaml.opam' winget package downloads the opam binary
  from GitHub releases page (thanks to @prometheansacrifice, for
  contributing the original package!), so installing via winget is
  functionally equivalent to using our `install.ps1' script.


Ppxlib dev meetings
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This week's [meeting notes are available online].

  Here's a brief TL;DR of some of the main points of discussion.

  =E2=80=A2 *5.2 AST bump progress* is waiting for patches to as many ppxes=
 as
     possible and for fixes to the migration bug(s) (see next bullet
     point). If ppx authors wish to try the new ppxlib they can add an
     opam-overlay which also contains patches to a few existing ppxes:
    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 $ opam repo add git+https://github.com/patricoferris/opam-ppx=
lib-repository.git
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=80=A2 Nathan has worked on *a better AST printer* inspired by the
    `ppx_tools' printer and the existing printing functionality of
    ppxlib. See [this PR] for more details. This should help better
    *debug AST migration bugs*. It makes good use of the AST lift class.
  =E2=80=A2 With breakages happening in `Ast_helper' and `Ast_builder' it b=
ecame
    unclear why `Ast_helper' exists at all. There's a move to *deprecate
    `Ast_helper' and promote the use of `Ast_builder' instead*. This
    should help reduce maintenance costs and API breakages.
  =E2=80=A2 We need to *consolidate our documentation better*. There should=
 be a
    focus on moving as much documentation to the `mld' and `mli' files
    as possible.

  Happy ppxing :camel: !


[meeting notes are available online]


[this PR] 


First release of corosync
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Vincnet Liu announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Aug 2024 - I am happy to announce the release of
  , a binding to
  libcorosync. It is not (yet) a complete binding to all the APIs of
  libcorosync, but the bindings to the following libraries are
  implemented:

  1. libcmap (in memory stats and config database)
  2. libquorum and libvotequorum (query of quorum states)
  3. libcfg (config reload, etc)
  4. libcpg (closed process group, corosync's model of a cluster)

  This project lives on ,
  and feel free to contact me if you have any questions!


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [MirageVPN and OpenVPN]
  =E2=80=A2 [How TSan Makes OCaml Better: Data Races Caught and Fixed]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[MirageVPN and OpenVPN]


[How TSan Makes OCaml Better: Data Races Caught and Fixed]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 20 to 27, 2024.

    





    

    DkML 2.1.2 and opam 2.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dkml-2-1-2-and-opam-2-2-0/15187=
/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
The major focus of DkML 2.1.2 is shipping it with opam 2.2 and having so=
me coexistence between DkML and opam 2.2 on Windows. You can skip this =
post if you don't develop on Windows.

    


    
TLDR: Upgrade with winget upgrade dkml. Use opam-real to use pure opam 2.2 but only after installing Visual Studio 20=
22 (confer: release notes); example: opam-real switch create 5.2.0+ms=
vc. Use dk Ml.Switch init to create DkML 4.14.2 switch.=
 DkML has better MSVC package support today, while pure opam 2.2 has latest=
 OCaml 5 and is the standard going forward; now you choose both without com=
promise.

    


    
Major changes:

    

      

    • Uses opam 2.2.0. You can directly use unmodified opam 2.2 with op=
am-real switch create 5.2.0+msvc. Or continue to use dk Ml.Swi=
tch init (or the deprecated dkml init) to create a DkML=
 4.14.2 switch which supports more native MSVC Windows packages (for now) b=
ut does not have the latest and experimental OCaml language features.
      • 

    • Support Windows SDK 11 (10.0.22621.0) and VC 17.9 and 17.10 (14.39/4x) =
added to allowed list. This makes it easier to coexist with opam 2.2 which =
requires Visual Studio 2022, and supports latest GitLab CI with its preinst=
allation of Visual Studio 2022.
      • 

    • The ocaml/opam-repository tag was advanced to Aug 15, 2024.
      • 

    • You can continue to use dkml.exe and with-dkml.exe but both are deprecated. The new (unified) executable is dk.exe=
. See "Deprecated Commands" in the release notes.
      • 

    • Once every two weeks DkML news about new versions, errata, uninstalling=
, etc. will be shown on a webpage. It is triggered from the now deprecated =
dkml init, the replacement dk Ml.Switch init and =
the with-dkml proxy commands, and can be disabled with d=
k Ml.News disable. In particular, use dk Ml.News to sho=
w the news if you are experiencing problems with DkML.
      • 

    • The patches to the OCaml compiler are now dual-licensed with OCaml's LG=
PL 2.1 exception and Apache 2.0. All other source (especially the build scr=
ipts) for the DkML compiler is licensed solely with Apache 2.0. This is a f=
ollow-up to https:/=
/github.com/ocaml/ocaml/issues/13177.
      • 

    • The uninstaller/upgrader stops opam, dune and=
 other OCaml processes since, on Windows, in-use executables can't be delet=
ed or updated. This feature is not foolproof yet.
      • 

    • ull release notes are at https://gitlab.com/dkml/distributions/dkml/-/rele=
ases/2.1.2.
      • 

    


    
Enjoy! And thanks to OCSF for supporting Windows in the last couple of gap =
years.

    


    
Bug reports: GitHub users or [[https://gitlab.com/dkml/distributions/dkml-issues][GitL=
ab users]].

    

    

    

    





    

    Outreachy Demo Presentation
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-demo-presentation/15189/1

    

    


    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce that next Friday [date=3D2024-08-30 time=3D13=
:00:00 timezone=3D"Europe/London"] we will host the Outreachy Demo presenta=
tion. We invite all of the OCaml community and beyond to join us in celebra=
ting the hard work of the community's three interns who have been working o=
n:

    


      

    • ocaml-api-watc=
h: Libraries and tools to keep watch on you O=
Caml lib's API changes
      • 

    • diffcessible: =
a terminal based diff viewer with an emphasis on =
being accessible
      • 

    • ocaml-practice-exercises: Practice exercis=
es for learning OCaml supporting GitHub Codespaces, Replit, and locally wit=
h Jupyter Notebook or directly on your machine.
      • 

    


    
We'll post the meeting link closer to the time. Hopefully see you there! :c=
amel:

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.2.1
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-2-1/15192/1

    

    


    

    R. Boujbel announced
    

    

    
We are pleased to announce the release of opam 2.2.1.

    


    
We've fixed a couple of regressions and would like to encourage users of op=
am 2.2 to upgrade:

    


      

    • Fix a regression in opam install --deps-only where the dir=
ect dependencies were not set as root packages
      • 

    • Fix a regression when fetching git packages where the resulting git rep=
ository could lead to unexpected outputs of git commands, by disabling shal=
low clone by default except when fetching an opam repositories
      • 

    • Mitigate curl/cur=
l#13845 by falling back from --write-out to --fail
if exit code 43 is returned by curl. In particular, this fixes opam i=
nit when run from cmd/PowerShell on Windows 11 23H2
      • 

    


    
You=E2=80=99ll find more information in the release blog post .

    


    
To upgrade, simply run for Unix systems

    


    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.2.1"

    


    
from PowerShell for Windows systems

    


    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubuserconten=
t.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/install.ps1) }"

    

    

    



    

    David Allsopp then added
    

    

    
Windows 11 users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to opam 2.2.1 for the m=
itigation for curl 8.8.0.

    


    
opam 2.2.1 is also available via winget, with winget upg=
rade OCaml.opam. The OCaml.opam winget package download=
s the opam
binary from GitHub releases page (thanks to @prometheansacrifice, for contr=
ibuting the original package!), so installing via winget
is functionally equivalent to using our install.ps1 script.

    

    

    

    





    

    Ppxlib dev meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppxlib-dev-meetings/12441/30

    

    


    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
This week's meeting notes are available online.

    


    
Here's a brief TL;DR of some of the main points of discussion.

    


      

    • 
5.2 AST bump progress is waiting for patches to as many ppxes as pos=
sible and for fixes to the migration bug(s) (see next bullet point). If ppx=
 authors wish to try the new ppxlib they can add an opam-overlay which also=
 contains patches to a few existing ppxes:

      

      $ opam repo add git+https://github.com/patricoferris/opam-ppxlib-repository=
.git

      • 

    • Nathan has worked on a better AST printer inspired by the =
ppx_tools printer and the existing printing functionality of ppxlib.=
 See this PR f=
or more details. This should help better debug AST migration bugs. I=
t makes good use of the AST lift class.
      • 

    • With breakages happening in Ast_helper and Ast_build=
er it became unclear why Ast_helper exists at all. Ther=
e's a move to deprecate Ast_helper and promote the use of <=
code>Ast_builder instead. This should help reduce maintenance co=
sts and API breakages.
      • 

    • We need to consolidate our documentation better. There should be=
 a focus on moving as much documentation to the mld and =
mli files as possible.
      • 

    


    
Happy ppxing :camel: !

    

    

    

    





    

    First release of corosync
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-corosync/15199=
/1

    

    


    

    Vincnet Liu announced
    

    

    
Aug 2024 - I am happy to announce the release of https://opam.ocaml.org/packages/corosync/, =
a binding to libcorosync. It is not (yet) a complete binding to all the API=
s of libcorosync, but the bindings to the following libraries are implement=
ed:

    


      

    1. libcmap (in memory stats and config database)
      2. 

    2. libquorum and libvotequorum (query of quorum states)
      3. 

    3. libcfg (config reload, etc)
      4. 

    4. libcpg (closed process group, corosync's model of a cluster)
      5. 

    


    
This project lives on https://github.com/Vincent-lau/ocaml-corosync, and feel free to co=
ntact me if you have any questions!

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 27 to
September 03, 2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

ppx_minidebug 2.0: verbosity levels
Ppx by example - repo to help on ppx learning
Blog Post: Simple Example where Ocaml calls a C function
Outreachy December 2024 Round
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


ppx_minidebug 2.0: verbosity levels
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Lukasz Stafiniak announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to mention that [ppx_minidebug 2.0] is available now. The
  README at [ppx_minidebug - GitHub] is the user manual, and the runtime
  API is documented here: [ppx_minidebug.Minidebug_runtime].

  Version 2.0 brings linear verbosity log levels. Both logging scopes
  and individual log statements can be either: at a default (omitted)
  log level, at a compile-time log level (e.g. `[%log2 "test"]' logs
  `test' at level 2), or at a runtime-provided log level (e.g. `[%logN
  for_level; "test"]' logs `test' at level `for_level'). When the level
  to log at is omitted, it is inherited from its direct syntactic
  logging scope (i.e. the log entry that the log or log entry is
  syntactically in =E2=80=93 not the log entry that the log is dynamically
  attached to, if it's different). Providing a compile-time log level
  will prune the generated code accordingly. See more here:
  [ppx_minidebug: Using as a logging framework].

  Version 1.6 brought support for local runtimes, where the runtime for
  logging in a logging scope is fetched by a user-provided function. The
  function can for example use domain-local storage. See more here:
  [ppx_minidebug: Dealing with concurrent execution].

  Happy debugging!


[ppx_minidebug 2.0] 

[ppx_minidebug - GitHub] 

[ppx_minidebug.Minidebug_runtime]


[ppx_minidebug: Using as a logging framework]


[ppx_minidebug: Dealing with concurrent execution]



Ppx by example - repo to help on ppx learning
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Pedro Braga announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Over the past few weeks, I've started my journey to learn PPX, and
  during this process, I found it challenging to find examples. So, I
  began creating my own examples and adding explanations for myself.

  I realized that I could make my examples and explanations public
  because this would push me to learn more deeply (as I=E2=80=99d need to
  provide better and clearer explanations) and could also help anyone
  else on this learning path. @davesnx also encouraged me to share my
  process (maybe through a blog post in the future). So, I created this
  repository: [github.com/pedrobslisboa/ppx-by-example].

  The idea is to have examples and an explanation for each detail on
  those. It has also a brief explanation about the subject on every
  README.

  I have a few notes:
  =E2=80=A2 It is a wip project, which means that there are parts in
    development. But sharing it is also a way to push me to improve this
    project.
  =E2=80=A2 As I said, I'm on the process of learning PPX, so probably I mi=
ssed
    or added something wrongly, so please If you notice it, share it on
    the repo so I can fix.
  =E2=80=A2 I am also in the process of learning OCaml. I started coding in
    OCaml this year (professionally just last month), so this repository
    might not have the best code. If you think it can be improved,
    please let me know. :heart:
  =E2=80=A2 I'm not a native English speaker or the best writer. I asked Ch=
atGPT
    to help fix some mistakes and improve cohesion, but if you notice
    anything that needs to be improved, please let me know. :heart:

  Besides that, any comments, help, or additions are welcome. I hope
  this can be helpful :3 Thank you all!


[github.com/pedrobslisboa/ppx-by-example]



Blog Post: Simple Example where Ocaml calls a C function
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, Tim McGilchrist said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  My favourite example at the moment is this one from [Retrofitting
  Effect Handlers onto OCaml]. It shows OCaml calling C, C calling an
  OCaml callback and exceptions crossing those boundaries.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ cat meander.ml
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 external ocaml_to_c
  =E2=94=82          : unit -> int =3D "ocaml_to_c"
  =E2=94=82 exception E1
  =E2=94=82 exception E2
  =E2=94=82 let c_to_ocaml () =3D raise E1
  =E2=94=82 let _ =3D Callback.register
  =E2=94=82           "c_to_ocaml" c_to_ocaml
  =E2=94=82 let omain () =3D
  =E2=94=82   try (* h1 *)
  =E2=94=82     try (* h2 *) ocaml_to_c ()
  =E2=94=82     with E2 -> 0
  =E2=94=82   with E1 -> 42
  =E2=94=82 let _ =3D assert (omain () =3D 42)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ cat meander_c.c
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 #include 
  =E2=94=82 #include 
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 value ocaml_to_c (value unit) {
  =E2=94=82     caml_callback(*caml_named_value
  =E2=94=82                   ("c_to_ocaml"), Val_unit);
  =E2=94=82     return Val_int(0);
  =E2=94=82 }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Compile it with OCaml 5.2:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ ocamlopt --version
  =E2=94=82 5.2.0
  =E2=94=82 $ ocamlopt meander_c.c meander.ml -o meander.exe
  =E2=94=82 $ ./meander.exe
  =E2=94=82 $ echo $?
  =E2=94=82 0
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Bonus you can use GDB/LLDB on this to set breakpoints in both OCaml
  and C.


[Retrofitting Effect Handlers onto OCaml]



Outreachy December 2024 Round
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  With the conclusion of the previous Outreachy round (see [Outreachy
  Demo Presentation]), the next round is fast approaching and the OCaml
  community has signed up again to participate!


[Outreachy Demo Presentation]


The Next Round
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The *deadline for mentors to [submit a project] is [date=3D2024-09-11
  timezone=3D"Europe/London"]*. If people are interested in mentoring and
  they maintain an open-source project, then they can reach out directly
  to me and I can help scope a project, explain the contribution period
  and provide as much other help as we can! Co-mentoring is also an
  option for people who are interested in mentoring but do not have a
  specific project =E2=80=93 do reply to this thread if that's you!

  When signing up mentors propose an open-source project where
  prospective interns submit PRs during the =E2=80=9Ccontribution phases=E2=
=80=9D as
  part of their application. Mentors will then choose an intern to work
  with for 3 months. A more detailed explanation is available [on the
  Outreachy mentor section ].

  I'm particularly interested in *projects from some of the larger OCaml
  projects* (e.g. dune, opam, ppxlib, miou, eio, cohttp, melange
  etc.). I'm very happy to help with co-mentoring on any of these
  projects. If you are interested and are a maintainer of a larger
  project, please do reach out. Of course, smaller projects are still
  very much possible.


[submit a project] 

[on the Outreachy mentor section ]



Funding
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  _Funding for this upcoming Outreachy round is not yet finalised_. We
  hope to have funding for three interns, I will reply to this thread
  once things are confirmed which should be soon. If any company is
  interested in supporting the OCaml community Outreachy initative
  please do reach out to me.

  I'd also like to take this moment to raise some awareness for the
  current [struggles Outreachy is facing]. The OCaml community has
  benefited massively from Outreachy. Both by participating directly as
  a community (see  for some past projects)
  and via the participation of other communities. I'm very grateful for
  everyone who has taken part in some way, including non-mentors
  engaging with the interns.

  As always if you have any general questions or mentoring ideas do
  comment on this thread or reach out directly.

  Thanks!


[struggles Outreachy is facing]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [The Biggest Functional Programming Conference of the Year: Wha=
t are
    we Bringing to ICFP?]
  =E2=80=A2 [ICFP 2024]
  =E2=80=A2 [Project-Wide Occurrences: A New Navigation Feature for OCaml 5=
.2
    Users]
  =E2=80=A2 [What the interns have wrought, 2024 edition]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[The Biggest Functional Programming Conference of the Year: What are we
Bringing to ICFP?]


[ICFP 2024] 

[Project-Wide Occurrences: A New Navigation Feature for OCaml 5.2 Users]


[What the interns have wrought, 2024 edition]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 27 to Septembe=
r 03, 2024.

    





    

    ppx_minidebug 2.0: verbosity levels
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-minidebug-2-0-verb=
osity-levels/15212/1

    

    


    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to mention that ppx_minidebug 2.0 is available now. The README at ppx_minidebug - GitHub is the u=
ser manual, and the runtime API is documented here: pp=
x_minidebug.Minidebug_runtime.

    


    
Version 2.0 brings linear verbosity log levels. Both logging scopes and ind=
ividual log statements can be either: at a default (omitted) log level, at =
a compile-time log level (e.g. [%log2 "test"] logs test<=
/code> at level 2), or at a runtime-provided log level (e.g. [%logN f=
or_level; "test"] logs test at level for_level). When the level to log at is omitted, it is inherited from its direct=
 syntactic logging scope (i.e. the log entry that the log or log entry is s=
yntactically in – not the log entry that the log is dynamically atta=
ched to, if it's different). Providing a compile-time log level will prune =
the generated code accordingly. See more here: ppx_minidebug: Using as a logging framework.

    


    
Version 1.6 brought support for local runtimes, where the runtime for loggi=
ng in a logging scope is fetched by a user-provided function. The function =
can for example use domain-local storage. See more here: ppx_minidebug: Dealing with concurrent execution.

    


    
Happy debugging!

    

    

    

    





    

    Ppx by example - repo to help on ppx learning
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppx-by-example-repo-t=
o-help-on-ppx-learning/15213/1

    

    


    

    Pedro Braga announced
    

    

    
Over the past few weeks, I've started my journey to learn PPX, and during t=
his process, I found it challenging to find examples. So, I began creating =
my own examples and adding explanations for myself.

    


    
I realized that I could make my examples and explanations public because th=
is would push me to learn more deeply (as I=E2=80=99d need to provide bette=
r and clearer explanations) and could also help anyone else on this learnin=
g path. @davesnx also encouraged me to share my process (maybe through a bl=
og post in the future). So, I created this repository: github.com/pedrobslisboa/ppx-by-exa=
mple.

    


    
The idea is to have examples and an explanation for each detail on those. I=
t has also a brief explanation about the subject on every README.

    


    
I have a few notes:

    

      

    • It is a wip project, which means that there are parts in development. B=
ut sharing it is also a way to push me to improve this project.
      • 

    • As I said, I'm on the process of learning PPX, so probably I missed or =
added something wrongly, so please If you notice it, share it on the repo s=
o I can fix.
      • 

    • I am also in the process of learning OCaml. I started coding in OCaml t=
his year (professionally just last month), so this repository might not hav=
e the best code. If you think it can be improved, please let me know. :hear=
t:
      • 

    • I'm not a native English speaker or the best writer. I asked ChatGPT to=
 help fix some mistakes and improve cohesion, but if you notice anything th=
at needs to be improved, please let me know. :heart:
      • 

    


    
Besides that, any comments, help, or additions are welcome. I hope this can=
 be helpful :3
Thank you all!

    

    

    

    





    

    Blog Post: Simple Example where Ocaml calls a C function
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-post=
-simple-example-where-ocaml-calls-a-c-function/15211/3

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Tim McGilchrist said
    

    

    
My favourite example at the moment is this one from Retrofitting Effect Handlers onto OCaml. I=
t shows OCaml calling C, C calling an OCaml callback and exceptions crossin=
g those boundaries.

    


    $ cat meander.ml

    


    

    external ocaml_to_c
         : unit -> int =3D "ocaml_to_c"<=
/span>
exception E1
exception E2
let c_to_ocaml () =3D raise E1
let _ =3D Callback.=
register
          "c_to_ocaml" c_to_ocaml
let omain () =3D
  try (* h1 *)
    try (* h2 *) ocaml_to_c ()
    with E2 -> 0
  with E1 -> 42
let _ =3D assert (omain () =3D 42)

    

    


    $ cat meander_c.c

    


    

    #include <caml/mlvalues.h>
#include <caml/callback.h>

value value unit) {
    caml_callback(*caml_named_value
                  ("c_to_ocaml"), Va=
l_unit);
    return Val_in=
t(0);
}

    

    


    
Compile it with OCaml 5.2:

    


    $ ocamlopt --version
5.2.0
$ ocamlopt meander_c.c meander.ml -o meander.exe
$ ./meander.exe
$ echo $?
0

    


    
Bonus you can use GDB/LLDB on this to set breakpoints in both OCaml and C.

    

    

    

    





    

    Outreachy December 2024 Round
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-december-2024-round/15223=
/1

    

    


    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
With the conclusion of the previous Outreachy round (see Outreachy Demo Pres=
entation), the next round is fast approaching and the OCaml community h=
as signed up again to participate!

    

    


    

    The Next Round
    

    

    
The deadline for mentors to submit a project is [date=3D2024-09-11 timezone=3D"Eur=
ope/London"]. If people are interested in mentoring and they maintain a=
n open-source project, then they can reach out directly to me and I can hel=
p scope a project, explain the contribution period and provide as much othe=
r help as we can! Co-mentoring is also an option for people who are interes=
ted in mentoring but do not have a specific project – do reply to th=
is thread if that's you!=20

    


    
When signing up mentors propose an open-source project where prospective in=
terns submit PRs during the =E2=80=9Ccontribution phases=E2=80=9D as part o=
f their application. Mentors will then choose an intern to work with for 3 =
months. A more detailed explanation is available on the Outreachy mentor section .

    


    
I'm particularly interested in projects from some of the larger OCaml pr=
ojects (e.g. dune, opam, ppxlib, miou, eio, cohttp, melange etc.). I'm =
very happy to help with co-mentoring on any of these projects. If you are i=
nterested and are a maintainer of a larger project, please do reach out. Of=
 course, smaller projects are still very much possible.=20

    

    

    


    

    Funding
    

    

    
Funding for this upcoming Outreachy round is not =
yet finalised. We hope to have funding for three interns, I will rep=
ly to this thread once things are confirmed which should be soon. If any co=
mpany is interested in supporting the OCaml community Outreachy initative p=
lease do reach out to me.

    


    
I'd also like to take this moment to raise some awareness for the current <=
a href=3D"https://www.outreachy.org/blog/2024-08-14/outreachy-needs-your-he=
lp/">struggles Outreachy is facing. The OCaml community has benefited m=
assively from Outreachy. Both by participating directly as a community (see=
 https://ocaml.org/outreachy fo=
r some past projects) and via the participation of other communities. I'm v=
ery grateful for everyone who has taken part in some way, including non-men=
tors engaging with the interns.=20

    


    
As always if you have any general questions or mentoring ideas do comment o=
n this thread or reach out directly.

    


    
Thanks!

    

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 10 Sep 2024 15:55:05 +0200
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dHBzOi8vYWxhbi5wZXRpdGVwb21tZS5uZXQvPg0KDQo=
--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 03 to 10, 2=
024.

    





    

    Oxidizing OCaml =E2=80=94 an update
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-oxidizing-ocaml-an-update/15237=
/1

    

    


    

    Diana Kalinichenko announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! Last year, we made a series of blogposts describing our plans =
to introduce Rust-like type system features to OCaml (see here=
). Now, we are sharing updates on everything we've done since last year for=
 ICFP 2024. Please read our blogpost and check out our compiler extensions at our Git=
Hub!

    

    

    

    





    

    Toy Autograd Engine in OCaml with Apple Accelerate Backend
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/toy-au=
tograd-engine-in-ocaml-with-apple-accelerate-backend/15239/1

    

    


    

    John Jewell announced
    

    

    
I have been venturing to learn a new language and I landed on OCaml after h=
earing a few interesting talks from Jane Street. I just made public a toy a=
utograd engine in OCaml with an Apple Accelerate backend if anyone is inter=
ested:=20

    


    
https://github.com/jew=
elltaylor/camlgrad

    


    
I would really appreciate any feedback in terms of the OCaml code that I wr=
ote so that I can improve. If anyone is willing to quickly take a look it w=
ould mean a lot :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    





    

    New release of cppo, with multi-line macros and higher-order m=
acros
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/ann-new-release-of-cppo-with-multi-line-macros-and-higher-order-macro=
s/15241/1

    

    


    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce a new release of cppo (v1.7.0) with two new f=
eatures.

    


      

    • 
The new syntax #def ... #enddef allows a macro definition   to=
 span several lines, without backslashes. This syntax allows macro definiti=
ons to be nested.

      

      

      #def re=
peat_until(action,condition)
  action;
  while not (condition) do
    action
  done
#enddef

      

      • 


    • 
A parameterized macro can take a parameterized macro as a parameter: this i=
s a higher-order macro.

      

      

      #define=
 TWICE(e)=
          (e + e)
#define APPLY(F : [.], e) (let x=
 =3D (e) in F(x))
let forty_two =3D
  APPLY(<=
span style=3D"color: #242521; background-color: #fcf7ef;">TWICE,1+2+=
3+4+5+6)

      

      • 

    


    
For more details, please see the documen=
tation.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCamlPro's contributions to the 2024 ICFP in Milan
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocamlpros-contr=
ibutions-to-the-2024-icfp-in-milan/15244/1

    

    


    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Today, a quick head's up about our contributions to this year's Internation=
al
Conference on Functional Programming which is unraveling right now in Milan!

    


    
This year, our team presents two topics:

    

      

    • "Snapshottable Stores": A generic and efficient data s=
tructure for the
implementation of backtracking algorithms, used particularly in automatic
theorem provers and type checkers. This implementation in OCaml will
soon be available on opam.
      • 


    • A presentation on opam, detailing the contents of the =
latest major release 2.2, which was released in July, as well as how the op=
am team operates.
      • 

    


    
Be sure to checkout the event, there are plenty of great pres=
entations and video replays!

    


    
Until next time, which will be sooner than later with another one of our Fla=
mbda2 Snippets,

    


    
Kind regards,
The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    





    

    Flambda2 Ep. 3: Speculative Inlining, by OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-flambda2=
-ep-3-speculative-inlining-by-ocamlpro/15250/1

    

    


    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
As promised in our previous post about OCamlPro's =
contributions to this year's International Conference of Functional Program=
ming, we back again with a new entry in our Flambda2 Snippet blog se=
ries!

    


    
F=
lambda2 Ep. 3: Speculative Inlining covers inlining in general as well =
as how our compiler handles it. We go in detail about how Speculative=
 Inlining allows more significant optimisations to take place.=20

    


    
This blog entry is key for a smooth read of our next article which will cov=
er Upwards and Downwards Traversals in Flambda2.

    


    
Happy to say that it's already quite far down the release pipeline!

    

    

    

    





    

    Frustrating Interactions with the OCaml Ecosystem while develo=
ping a Synthesizer Library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-frustrating-interactions-with-the-ocaml-e=
cosystem-while-developing-a-synthesizer-library/15253/1

    

    


    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
https://www.gridbugs.or=
g/frustrating-interactions-with-the-ocaml-ecosystem-while-developing-a-synt=
hesizer-library/

    


    
Last year I made a synthesizer library in OCaml and had some struggles usin=
g Dune and Opam, and also ran into several issues with libraries. I wrote a=
 blog post about all the problems I encountered.

    

    

    

    





    

    Cmdlang - Yet Another CLI Library (well, not really)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/cmdlang-yet-anoth=
er-cli-library-well-not-really/15258/1

    

    


    

    Mathieu Barbin announced
    

    

    
I hope you had a nice summer! Mine took an unexpected turn when, roughly at=
 the same time, I wrote my first cmdliner subcommand and heard=
 about climate for the first time. My experience with OCaml CL=
I so far had been centered around core.command.

    


    
When I read climate's terminology section and how it defines Terms, Arguments, and Parameters, someth=
ing clicked. Seeing how climate's API managed to make position=
al and named arguments fit so nicely together, I thought: "Wow, for the fir=
st time, it seems I'll be able to write a CLI spec on a whiteboard without =
referring to some code I never seem to get right (I am looking at you, core.command's anonymous arguments)."

    


    
I got quite excited and thought: "Can I switch to climate toda=
y?" But reality checked: it's not on opam yet, still under construction, I'=
m not sure what the community will do, etc.

    


    
Implementing my own engine for an API resembling climate felt =
like a wasted effort, knowing about the work happening in climate. Still, having a 'a Param.t, 'a Arg.t, and 'a Command.t type that I would get to know and love felt too goo=
d to pass up.

    


    
I stared at the climate types for a while, and filled with hap=
py thoughts about a bright CLI future, it occurred to me: can I use an API =
like climate but compile it down to existing libraries such as=
 cmdliner or core.command? (and climate too!). I wrote down the following types:

    

    


    

    Climate
    

    

    

    'a Param.t     -> 'a Climate.Arg_parser.=
conv
'a Ast.Arg.t   -> 'a Climate.Arg_parser.t
'a Command.t   -> 'a Climate.Command.t

    

    

    

    


    

    Cmdliner
    

    

    

    'a Param.t     -> 'a Cmdliner.Arg.conv
'a Arg.t       -> 'a Cmdliner.Term.t
'a Command.t   -> 'a Cmdliner.Cmd.t

    

    

    

    


    

    core.command
    

    

    

    'a Param.t     -> 'a core.Command.Arg_type.t
'a Arg.t       -> 'a core.Command.Param.t
unit Command.t -> core.Command.t

    

    


    
… which I interpreted as stating the following theorem:

    


    

    
There exists an abstraction to encode OCaml CLIs that lives in the intersec=
tion of what's expressible in other well established libraries.

    

    


    
"One EDSL to command them all," so to speak. I couldn't resist the temptati=
on to build actual terms for these types. That gave birth to cmdlang.

    


    
As a test, I switched one of my projects to cmdlang, with cmdliner as a backend. I liked the changes I made in the process. The 1-line bin/main.ml is now the only place that specifies which backend I want to use; the re=
st of the code is programmed solely against the cmdlang API. T=
his means I'll be able to easily experiment with compiling down to cl=
imate in the future.

    


    
I am not against the multiplicity of solutions in general, but I tend to fe=
el uneasy when incompatible libraries emerge, partitioning the ecosystem. A=
s a community, we know too many examples of this. In this instance, I want =
to call the core.command vs cmdliner situation a =
… cli-vage.

    


    
I don't see my work on cmdlang as competing with these other l=
ibraries. Quite the contrary, it makes it easier for me to experiment with =
them without much changes while exploring the subject of CLI in general. Al=
so, as a library author, if you wish to expose CLI helpers to your users, a=
 library like cmdlang will give you a pleasant way to do so, a=
s you can express your helpers with it, knowing your users will have the ch=
oice to translate them to the backend of their choice.

    


    
Before writing this post, I had a very pleasant chat with @gridbugs. I want=
 to make it clear that I do not think cmdlang is competing wit=
h climate either. I think climate is a very promi=
sing library and I believe it will, in due time, deliver auto-completion to=
 many - this has been a highly anticipated feature within the community. I =
wish to dedicate the initial work that I did on cmdlang to @gr=
idbugs due to the impactful influence climate had on my work, and how it he=
lped me improve my general understanding of declarative CLI libraries.

    


    
These are very early days for cmdlang. There are still areas I=
 am fuzzy on, and I haven't really validated the whole design yet. I have p=
ut some thoughts in this Future Plans page. One thing that I did not =
initially include there would be to explore the feasibility of writing a mi=
ni-compiler for cmdlang targeting stdlib.arg as a=
 runner. I am not sure how much you'd end up restricting cmdlang for this to work. I thought that'd be a fun project to tackle at a futur=
e point, as it would make a nice addition to the overall architecture of th=
e project.

    


    
I'd welcome your input to help me shape the future of cmdlang =
if you have an interest in this project.

    


    
Thanks for reading!

    

    

    

    

    





    

    zarr v0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-zarr-v0-1-0/15259/1

    

    


    

    zoj613 announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone, I'd like to announce the first release of zarr, a=
n Ocaml implementation of the Zarr version 3 storage format specification for chunked & compressed multi-dimensional arrays, designed for use i=
n parallel computing.

    



    

    3D"terminology-hierarchy.excalidraw.png"

    

    

    


    

    why?
    

    

    
The project was mainly inspired by the lack of functional programming langu=
age implementations of this specification as shown in this implementations table. Since I have been =
learning OCaml these past few months I figured I'd take on the challenge of=
 producing the first functional programming implementation of Zarr, and it =
was a great learning experience!

    

    

    


    

    Features
    

    

      

    • Supports creating n-dimensional Zarr arrays and chunking them along any=
 dimension.
      • 

    • Compress array chunks using a variety of supported compression codecs.<=
/li>

    • Supports indexing operations to read/write views of a Zarr array.
      • 

    • Supports storing arrays in-memory or the local filesystem. It is also
extensible, allowing users to easily create and use their own custom storag=
e backends. See the example implementing a Zip file store fo=
r more details.
      • 

    • Supports both synchronous and concurrent I/O via Lwt and <=
code>Eio.
      • 

    • Leverages the strong type system of Ocaml to create a type-safe API; ma=
king it impossible to create, read or write malformed arrays.
      • 

    • Supports organizing arrays into hierarchies using Groups.
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Example
    

    

    
Below is a demo of the library's API for creating, reading and writing to a=
 Zarr hierarchy.

    

    

    open Zarr
open Zarr.Metadata
open Zarr.Node
open Zarr.Codecs
open Zarr.Indexing
open Zarr_sync.Storage
(* opens infix operators >>=3D =
and >>| for monadic bind & map *)
open FilesytemStore.Deferred.Infix

let store =3D Files=
ystemStore.create "testdata.zarr" in
let group_node =3D =
GroupNode.of_path "/some/group" in
FilesystemStore.create_group store g=
roup_node;
let array_node =3D =
ArrayNode.(group_node / "name");;
(* creates an array with char data ty=
pe and fill value '?' *)
FilesystemStore.create_array
  ~codecs:[`Transpose [|2; 0; 1|]; `Bytes BE; `Gzip L2]
  ~shape:[|100; 100; 50|]
  ~chunks:[|10; 15; 20|]
  Ndarray.Char=20
  '?'
  array_node
  store;
let slice =3D [|R [|0; 20|]; I 10; R [||]|] in
let x =3D Filesyste=
mStore.read_array store array_node slice Ndarray.Char in
(* Do some computation on the array s=
lice *)
let x' =3D Zarr.Nda=
rray.map (fun _ -> Random.int 256 |> =
Char.chr) x in
FilesystemStore.write_array store ar=
ray_node slice x';
let y =3D Filesyste=
mStore.read_array store array_node slice Ndarray.Char in
assert (Ndarray.equal x' y);

    

    

    

    


    

    Installation
    

    

    
The library comes in several flavors depending on the synchronous / asynchr=
onous backend of choice. To install the synchronous API, use

    

    $ opam install zarr-sync

    


    
To install zarr with an asynchronous API powered by Lwt or Eio, use

    

    $ opam install zarr-lwt
$ opam install zarr-eio

    


    
The documentation can be found here and the source code there

    


    
I'm happy to answer any questions regarding the library and more than welco=
me suggestions for improvements (especially performance!), issue reports as=
 well as PR's.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Brr 0.0.7
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-brr-0-0-7/15263/1

    

    


    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
There'a new release of Brr, an ISC licenced toolkit for programming browsers with the js_of_oc=
aml compiler.

    


    
This release has some changes to support work being done for wasm_of_=
ocaml; thanks to @vouillon for his patches. There are also other sma=
ll fixes and additions, consult the release notes for the details and thanks to all the contribut=
ors.

    


    
A big thanks to my donator=
s for supporting my work. I welcome the (not so[^1]) new donator Tarides.

    


    
Home page, Docs and manuals or odig doc=
 brr

    


    
Install: opam install brr (PR)

    


    
Best,

    


    
Daniel

    


    
[^1]: Tarides has been generously donating for my work from the onse=
t but used to do it via the Mirage organisation.

    

    

    

    





    

    Ocsigen Server 6.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocsigen-server-6-0-0/15265/1

    

    


    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
We're delighted to announce a major new version of Ocsigen Server! This ver=
sion 6.0.0 focuses on the use of Ocsigen Server as a library, without any c=
onfiguration file, which is now much easier and brings the exact same featu=
res as the executable.

    


    
Example of use:

    


    
To add a Web server to your OCaml program, serving static files from direct=
ory `static`:

    

    

    let _ =3D Ocsigen_server.start=20
          [ Ocsigen_server.host [Staticmod.run ~dir:"static" ()]]

    

    


    
Install:

    


    opam install ocsigenserver

    


    
Example of Dune file for this program:

    

    (executable
 (public_name myproject)
 (name main)
 (libraries
  main
  ocsigenserver
  ocsigenserver.ext.staticmod))

    


    
Compile with:

    

    dune build

    


    
Ocsigen Server can of course still be used as an executable taking its conf=
iguration from a file. This allows for non OCaml developers to use it and m=
ake their own configurations. It also makes it possible to distribute a bin=
ary version of your Web applications.

    


    
Ocsigen Server is build in modular and extensible way. The default opam pac=
kages comes with several extensions. In the example above, we are using Sta=
ticmod for serving static files. Other extensions makes it possible for exa=
mple to configure redirections, to control the access to some sub-directory=
, to use a reverse proxy, to rewrite the request, compress the output etc.

    


    
The programming interface follows exactly the structure of the configuratio=
n file: instructions are tried in order until one generates a result, then =
some other instructions can be used to change the result (like compressing =
it or adding some headers).

    


    
Here is a more complex example of configuration:

    

    

    let _ =3D
  Ocsigen_server.start
    ~ports:[`All, 8080]
    ~command_pipe:"local/var/run/mysite-cmd"
    ~logdir:"local/var/log/mysite"
    ~datadir:"local/var/data/mysite"
    ~default_charset:(Some "utf-8")
    [ Ocsigen_server.host
        ~regexp:"mydomain.com"
        [ Ocsigen_server.site ["subsite"]
            [ Accesscontrol.(
                if_
                  (and_
                     [ ip "122.122.122.122"=

                     ; header ~name:=
"user-agent" ~regexp:".*FooBar.*"
                     ; method_ `POST ])
                  [forbidden] [])
            ; Authbasic.run ~realm:"myre=
alm"
                ~auth:(fun _u p -> Lwt.return (p =3D "toto"))
                ()
            ; Staticmod.run ~dir:"local/=
var/www/otherdir" () ]
        ; Ocsigen_server.site ["othersubsite"]
            [ Revproxy.run
                ~redirection:
                  (Revproxy.create_r=
edirection ~full_url:false ~regexp:"(.*)"
                     ~keephost:true "htt=
p://localhost:8888/\\1")
                () ]
        ; Redirectmod.run
            ~redirection:
              (Redirectmod.create_re=
direction ~full_url:false ~regexp=
:"old(.*)"
                 "new\\1")
            ()
        ; Staticmod.run ~dir:"local/var=
/www/staticdir" ()
        ; Cors.run ~max_age:86400 ~crede=
ntials:true ~methods:[`POST; `GET; `HEAD]
            ~exposed_headers:
              [ "x-eliom-application"
              ; "x-eliom-location"
              ; "x-eliom-set-process-cookie=
s"
              ; "x-eliom-set-cookie-substit=
utes" ]
            ()
        ; Deflatemod.run
            ~mode:
              (`=
Only
                [ =
Some "text", Some "html")
                ; =
Some "text", Some "javascript")
                ; =
Some "text", Some "css")
                ; =
Some "application", Some "javascript")
                ; =
Some "application", Some "x-javascript")
                ; =
Some "application", Some "xhtml+xml")
                ; =
Some "image", Some "svg+xml")
                ; =
Some "application", Some "x-eliom") ])
            () ] ]

    

    


    
In this example, the server defines one virtual host for domain mydom=
ain.com. It will first check whether it is a request for directory <=
code>subsite/, and if yes, will reject the request with 403 Forbidde=
n if it is a POST request coming from user-agent FooBar at IP =
122.122.122.122. If not, it will ask for a password before serving files fr=
om directory local/var/www/otherdir.
Then we define another subsite othersubsite for which the requ=
ests will be transfered to another Web server running locally on port 8888,=
 then rewrite the answer location header accordingly.
Then, if the page is still not generated, the server will send a redirectio=
n if URLs starts with "old".
Otherwise, it will try to serve files from directory local/var/www/st=
aticdir.
If the page has still not been found, a 404 Not found will be =
sent, otherwise, some CORS headers will be added, and the result will be co=
mpressed before being sent.

    


    
Compile this example with the following dune file:

    

    (executable
 (public_name myserver)
 (name main)
 (libraries
  ocsigenserver
  ocsigenserver.ext.staticmod
  ocsigenserver.ext.authbasic
  ocsigenserver.ext.extendconfiguration
  ocsigenserver.ext.outputfilter
  ocsigenserver.ext.cors
  ocsigenserver.ext.accesscontrol
  ocsigenserver.ext.deflatemod
  ocsigenserver.ext.redirectmod
  ocsigenserver.ext.revproxy
 ))

    


    
Eliom and Ocsigen Start have also been updated for being used without confi=
guration file and will be released very soon.

    

    

    

    





    

    dream-html and pure-html
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-5-2/148=
08/4

    

    


    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
[ANN] dream-html & pure-html 3.6.1, 3.6.2

    


    
A double announcement:

    


    
3.6.1: when in XML rendering mode, correctly render empty-value attributes =
as having an empty string value. Thanks to @jonsterling !

    


    
3.6.2: automatically switch to XML rendering mode when rendering SVG and Ma=
thML tags inside HTML rendering mode.

    

    

    

    





    

    Advanced Code Navigation coming to OCaml-LSP
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-advanced-cod=
e-navigation-coming-to-ocaml-lsp/15266/1

    

    


    

    PizieDust announced
    

    

    

    

    Jump to Target
    

    

    
Currently, the standard LSP protocol only allows for generalized code navig=
ation (`goto definition`, `goto declaration`, `goto implementation`, `goto =
type-definition`), which is not very useful when it comes to precise moveme=
nts.

    


    
Coming to OCaml-lsp soon will be the ability to jump from one point in your=
 code to another based on Merlin's Ju=
mp command.

    


    
Implementing this functionality took a bit of thinking as we wanted a solut=
ion that works for all supported editors (Vscode, Emacs and Vim) without an=
y additional specific client implementations.
 We used a combination of call actions plus the LSP showDocumentRequest to =
move the cursor to the interesting position.

    


    
The call actions display are contextual and will display only if it's relev=
ant to the code under the cursor.

    


    
Here is a demo in VSCode.

    



    

    3D"618bfd77db1=

    

    

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 10 to
17, 2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Ptime 1.2.0 =E2=80=93 Mtime 2.1.0 =E2=80=93 Qrc 0.2.0
Unicode 16.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
Outreachy Demo Presentation
Live Stream to follow OCaml Workshop, ML Workshop, and other talks at ICFP
DkML 2.1.2 and opam 2.2.0
store v0.1.0
Tsdl 1.1.0
OCaml-css 0.2.0
OCaml-stk 0.2.0 and Chamo 4.1.0
DkCoder 2.1.3
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Ptime 1.2.0 =E2=80=93 Mtime 2.1.0 =E2=80=93 Qrc 0.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  There are new releases of these packages:

  =E2=80=A2 [Ptime] POSIX time for OCaml, [release notes], [docs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Mtime] Monotonic time for OCaml, [release notes], [docs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Qrc] QR code encoder for OCaml, [release notes], [docs]

  See the individual release notes for details about the changes.

  The library structure of Ptime and Mtime was changed to align it on
  the mythical library convention and make it for less surprising names
  (it used to make sense, it no longer does):

  =E2=80=A2 The `{M,P}time_clock' modules are now in the `{p,m}time.clock'
    libraries as they should be. These libraries were also made to
    [export] the base `{p,m}time' library so that you can trim you
    `requires' when you use the clocks.
  =E2=80=A2 The libraries `{p,m}time.clock.os' are deprecated. They now sim=
ply
    export `{p,m}time.clock' and warn on usage.

  Best and a big thanks to my [donors]


[Ptime] 

[release notes]


[docs] 

[Mtime] 

[release notes]


[docs] 

[Qrc] 

[release notes]


[docs] 

[export]


[donors] 


Unicode 16.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Unicode 16.0.0 was released on September 10th. It adds 5185 new
  characters for a total of 154'998 characters.

  If you are into retrocomputing or terminal graphics this may be your
  ultimate chance to find an odd character to make an effect among the
  686 new [symbols for legacy computing] that are added =E2=80=93 I'm heari=
ng
  this may me be the last batch, the resource is finite!  See the
  [announcement page] for links to all the other equally interesting
  additions.

  If you are obsessed about deep linking into standard definitions, note
  that the normative core specification becomes a proper [HTML
  document]; rather than a bunch of PDF files or that 1400 pages
  hard-copy I once purchased for 5.0.0 circa 2007 :=E2=80=93). The neat res=
ult
  is that we can now precisely hyperlink to the [normative definition]
  of an OCaml [`Uchar.t'] value.

  Accordingly these libraries had to be updated (aggregated, boring,
  release notes [here])

  =E2=80=A2 [Uucd] 16.0.0 Unicode character database decoder for OCaml, [do=
cs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Uucp] 16.0.0 Unicode character properties for OCaml, [docs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Uunf] 16.0.0 Unicode text normalization for OCaml, [docs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Uuseg] 16.0.0 Unicode text segmentation for OCaml, [docs]

  Both `Uucd' and `Uucp' are incompatible releases sinces new block and
  script enumerants were added.

  Other than that the minimal Unicode introduction and Unicode OCaml
  tips is still [here] and remember that despite the uninformed myths
  OCaml :heart: Unicode.

  A big thanks for funding from the [OCaml Software Foundation] and from
  my faithful [donors].


[symbols for legacy computing]


[announcement page]


[HTML document]


[normative definition]


[`Uchar.t'] 

[here] 

[Uucd] 

[docs] 

[Uucp] 

[docs] 

[Uunf] 

[docs] 

[Uuseg] 

[docs] 

[here] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[donors] 


Outreachy Demo Presentation
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The demo presentation video is now online:
   =E2=80=93 thank you to
  everyone who joined and particularly the mentors, co-mentors and
  interns!

  A big thank you also to [Tarides] and [Jane Street] for providing
  resources and funding to make this round possible. A reminder that
  _today_ is the last day to sign up to the next round =E2=80=93 [Outreachy
  December 2024 Round]!


[Tarides] 

[Jane Street] 

[Outreachy December 2024 Round]



Live Stream to follow OCaml Workshop, ML Workshop, and other talks at ICFP
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  FYI: For people like me who were on vacation or otherwise unavailable,
  the several hour Live Stream is still available.

  The intro to the workshop and the first OCaml talk start at
  .


DkML 2.1.2 and opam 2.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  DkML 2.1.3 was released. The major changes are:

  =E2=80=A2 Upgraded from opam 2.2.0 to opam 2.2.1.
  =E2=80=A2 The ocaml/opam-repository tag was advanced to Sep 10, 2024.
  =E2=80=A2 bugfix: `dk Ml.Switch init' was broken on Linux and macOS. DkML
    2.1.2 had incorrectly pinned the `dkml-host-abi' and
    `dkml-target-abi' of the master DkML build
    machine. 
  =E2=80=A2 Allow prereleases of Visual Studio; requested at
    .

  Upgrading is:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 winget remove dkml # Ignore "exit code: 4294967295"
  =E2=94=82 winget install dkml
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The full release notes are at
  .


store v0.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Basile Cl=C3=A9ment announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I would like to announce the first release of `store' ([docs]), a
  library providing a snapshottable bag of mutable references, an
  efficient data-structure for back-tracking workloads.

  To install it, type `opam update && opam install store'.

  Store provides a simple API for capturing and restoring state as well
  as easy-to-use high-level wrappers to automatically rollback changes
  on failure (`tentatively') or unconditionally (`temporarily'). It
  boasts almost-zero overhead when back-tracking is not used and
  best-in-class performance for back-tracking use cases.

  The design and implementation of Store is described in the paper
  [Snapshottable stores], which was given a Distinguished Paper award at
  this year's ICFP in Milan. As recognized by this award, the paper is
  well-written and easy to understand; please give it a read if you are
  interested in either back-tracking workloads or subtle data structure
  invariants!

  I also want to give a shout-out to Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier's Monolith, which
  proved invaluable during the development of Store to find and diagnose
  subtle bugs.

  Store was developed through collaboration between myself (Basile
  Cl=C3=A9ment) at OCamlPro and Gabriel Scherer at Inria, and the persistent
  interface was formally verified by Cl=C3=A9ment Allain and Alexandre Moine
  at Inria.


[docs] 

[Snapshottable stores] 


Tsdl 1.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  There's a new release of [Tsdl], thin bindings to the C [SDL
  library]. See the [release notes] for details.

  =E2=80=A2 Docs: [online] or `odig doc tsdl'
  =E2=80=A2 Install: `opam install tsdl'

  Daniel

  A big thanks to my [donors].


[Tsdl] 

[SDL library] 

[release notes]


[online] 

[donors] 


OCaml-css 0.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Zoggy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [OCaml-css] 0.2.0 is released and already available in opam (package
  `css').

  OCaml-css is a library to parse and print CSS. ([docs])

  Main changes are the introduction of property spaces and partial
  handling of nested rules.

  Properties are now defined in [spaces]. A [Css] space is predefined,
  with some CSS properties, but you can define a new space with specific
  properties to use the CSS syntax for these properties in your
  application. (this is what is done in the to be not yet released 0.2.0
  version of [stk]).

  Nested style rules are now parsed and can be [expanded]. Nested
  @-rules are not handled yet.


[OCaml-css] 

[docs] 

[spaces]


[Css]


[stk] 

[expanded]



OCaml-stk 0.2.0 and Chamo 4.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Zoggy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Stk
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A new release of [OCaml-stk], 0.2.0, is now available in opam (package
  `stk').

  OCaml-stk is a Graphical User Interface library based on on [libSDL
  2], through the [Tsdl] bindings.

  As the library is under heavy development, this release includes [many
  changes]: new widgets, better memory management, css-like theming, =E2=80=
=A6

  By cloning [the repository] and running `make', you can then run
  `./_build/default/examples/examples.exe'. This example application
  contains demonstrations of each widget with the corresponding code in
  the same window.


[OCaml-stk] 

[libSDL 2] 

[Tsdl] 

[many changes]


[the repository] 


Chamo
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A new release of [Chamo], 4.1.0, is also available in opam (package
  `chamo').

  Chamo is a source code editor, even if it can be used to edit any text
  file. It is based on OCaml-stk. This release contains small bug fixes
  and follows changes in OCaml-stk.


[Chamo] 


DkCoder 2.1.3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce another release of DkCoder - a no-install
  OCaml-based scripting framework.

  Major changes:
  =E2=80=A2 Split out the Java-like packaging and security tools into the
    MlFront project:
    .
  =E2=80=A2 The DkCoder and MlFront version numbers are now in sync with Dk=
ML
    version numbers. However, DkCoder is **still alpha** and there is at
    least one breaking change coming.
  =E2=80=A2 Several third-party "Us" scripts are embedded and supported. (T=
hey
    are listed at bottom of this post).

  Docs: The main doc page is
  . But I don't
  yet have good reference docs. The samples below have been updated and
  are good ways to see what DkCoder can do (use the `V2_1' branches):
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 

  There are many bug fixes and new features. The full list is at
  [https://github.com/diskuv/dkcoder/blob/1.0/CHANGES.md#2132] - all the
  sections from `0.4.0.1' to `2.1.3.2' (inclusive) are new.


[https://github.com/diskuv/dkcoder/blob/1.0/CHANGES.md#2132]


New "Us" scripts
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  /These scripts can be run inside any of the sample projects above, or
  used as ordinary modules in your own DkCoder project source code. Some
  scripts, but not all, have a `--help' option./

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkFs_C99.Dir - Directory manipulation operations.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkFs_C99.File - (no help) File manipulation operations.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkFs_C99.Path - Path manipulation operations.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkNet_Std.Browser - Browser operations.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkNet_Std.Http - Download content.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkDev_Std.Legal.Record - Asks for and records your accepta=
nce of legal terms and agreements.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkDev_Std.Exec - Execute a command in the DkCoder 2.1 runt=
ime environment.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkDev_Std.Export - Create an `exports` field inside dkproj=
ect.jsonc summarizing all the You libraries.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkDev_Std.Jsontree - (no help) For in-place edits of JSON =
files.
  =E2=94=82 ./dk DkStdRestApis_Gen.* - (no help) (unstable, not ready). Ope=
nAPI 3 service and client generator.
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events (Sep 15, 2024 and onwards)]
  =E2=80=A2 [Feature Parity Series: Compaction is Back!]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Upcoming OCaml Events (Sep 15, 2024 and onwards)]


[Feature Parity Series: Compaction is Back!]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 10 to 17, 2=
024.

    





    

    Ptime 1.2.0 =E2=80=93 Mtime 2.1.0 =E2=80=93 Qrc 0.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ptime-1-2-0-mtime-2-1-0=
-qrc-0-2-0/15268/1

    

    


    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
There are new releases of these packages:

    




    
See the individual release notes for details about the changes.

    


    
The library structure of Ptime and Mtime was changed to align it on the myt=
hical library convention and make it for less surprising names (it used to =
make sense, it no longer does):

    


      

    • The {M,P}time_clock modules are now in the {p,m}time=
.clock libraries as they should be. These libraries were also made t=
o export the base {p,m}time library so tha=
t you can trim you requires when you use the clocks.
      • 

    • The libraries {p,m}time.clock.os are deprecated. They now =
simply export {p,m}time.clock and warn on usage.
      • 

    


    
Best and a big thanks to my donors

    

    

    

    





    

    Unicode 16.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-unicod=
e-16-0-0-update-for-uucd-uucp-uunf-and-uuseg/15270/1

    

    


    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
Unicode 16.0.0 was released on September 10th. It adds 5185 new characters =
for a total of 154'998 characters.

    


    
If you are into retrocomputing or terminal graphics this may be your ultima=
te chance to find an odd character to make an effect among the 686 new symb=
ols for legacy computing that are added =E2=80=93 I'm hearing this may =
me be the last batch, the resource is finite!  See the annou=
ncement page for links to all the other equally interesting additions.

    


    
If you are obsessed about deep linking into standard definitions, note that=
 the normative core specification becomes a proper HTML document; rather tha=
n a bunch of PDF files or that 1400 pages hard-copy I once purchased for 5.=
0.0 circa 2007 :=E2=80=93). The neat result is that we can now precisely hy=
perlink to the normative definition of an OCaml Uchar.t=
 value.

    


    
Accordingly these libraries had to be updated (aggregated, boring, release =
notes here<=
/a>)

    


      

    • Uucd 16.0.0 Unicode c=
haracter database decoder for OCaml, docs
      • 

    • Uucp 16.0.0 Unicode c=
haracter properties for OCaml, docs
      • 

    • Uunf 16.0.0 Unicode t=
ext normalization for OCaml, docs
      • 

    • Uuseg 16.0.0 Unicode=
 text segmentation for OCaml, docs
      • 

    


    
Both Uucd and Uucp are incompatible releases sinc=
es new block and script enumerants were added.

    


    
Other than that the minimal Unicode introduction and Unicode OCaml tips is =
still here<=
/a> and remember that despite the uninformed myths OCaml :heart: Unicode.

    


    
A big thanks for funding from the OCaml So=
ftware Foundation and from my faithful donors.

    

    

    

    





    

    Outreachy Demo Presentation
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-demo-presentation/15189/4

    

    


    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
The demo presentation video is now online: https://watch.ocaml.org/w/peT3MdWjS1BYYMbowEJ1=
gv – thank you to everyone who joined and particularly the mento=
rs, co-mentors and interns!

    


    
A big thank you also to Tarides and Jane Street for providing resources=
 and funding to make this round possible. A reminder that today is the last day to sign up to the next round –=
 Outreachy December 2024 Round!

    

    

    

    





    

    Live Stream to follow OCaml Workshop, ML Workshop, and other t=
alks at ICFP
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocam=
l.org/t/live-stream-to-follow-ocaml-workshop-ml-workshop-and-other-talks-at=
-icfp/15232/4

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
FYI: For people like me who were on vacation or otherwise unavailable, the =
several hour Live Stream is still available.

    


    
The intro to the workshop and the first OCaml talk start at https://www.youtube.com/liv=
e/OuQqblCxJ2Y?t=3D2254s.

    

    

    

    





    

    DkML 2.1.2 and opam 2.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dkml-2-1-2-and-opam-2-2-0/15187=
/5

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
DkML 2.1.3 was released. The major changes are:

    




    
Upgrading is:

    


    winget remove dkml # Ignore "exit code: 4294967295"
winget install dkml

    


    
The full release notes are at https://gitlab.com/dkml/distributions/dkml/-/rel=
eases/2.1.3.

    

    

    

    





    

    store v0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-store-v0-1-0/15274/1

    

    


    

    Basile Cl=C3=A9ment announced
    

    

    
I would like to announce the first release of store (docs), a lib=
rary providing a snapshottable bag of mutable references, an efficient data=
-structure for back-tracking workloads.

    


    
To install it, type opam update && opam install store.

    


    
Store provides a simple API for capturing and restoring state as well as ea=
sy-to-use high-level wrappers to automatically rollback changes on failure =
(tentatively) or unconditionally (temporarily). I=
t boasts almost-zero overhead when back-tracking is not used and best-in-cl=
ass performance for back-tracking use cases.

    


    
The design and implementation of Store is described in the paper Snapshottable stores, which was given=
 a Distinguished Paper award at this year's ICFP in Milan. As recognized by=
 this award, the paper is well-written and easy to understand; please give =
it a read if you are interested in either back-tracking workloads or subtle=
 data structure invariants!

    


    
I also want to give a shout-out to Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier's Monolith, which =
proved invaluable during the development of Store to find and diagnose subt=
le bugs.

    


    
Store was developed through collaboration between myself (Basile Cl=C3=A9me=
nt) at OCamlPro and Gabriel Scherer at Inria, and the persistent interface =
was formally verified by Cl=C3=A9ment Allain and Alexandre Moine at Inria.

    

    

    

    





    

    Tsdl 1.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tsdl-1-1-0/15275/1

    

    


    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
There's a new release of Tsd=
l, thin bindings to the C SDL libra=
ry. See the release notes for details.

    


      

    • Docs: online or=
 odig doc tsdl
      • 

    • Install: opam install tsdl
      • 

    


    
Daniel

    


    
A big thanks to my donors<=
/a>.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml-css 0.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-css-0-2-0/15276/1

    

    


    

    Zoggy announced
    

    

    
OCaml-css 0.2.0 is releas=
ed and already available in opam (package css).=20

    


    
OCaml-css is a library to parse and print CSS. (docs)

    


    
Main changes are the introduction of property spaces and partial handling o=
f nested rules.

    


    
Properties are now defined in spaces. A Css space is predefined, with some CSS properties, but you can define a new s=
pace with specific properties to use the CSS syntax for these properties in=
 your application. (this is what is done in the to be not yet released 0.2.=
0 version of stk).

    


    
Nested style rules are now parsed and can be expanded. =
Nested @-rules are not handled yet.

    

    

    

    





    

    OCaml-stk 0.2.0 and Chamo 4.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-stk-0-2-0-and-chamo=
-4-1-0/15288/1

    

    


    

    Zoggy announced
    

    

    



    

    Chamo
    

    

    
A new release of Chamo, 4.1.0=
, is also available in opam (package chamo).

    


    
Chamo is a source code editor, even if it can be used to edit any text file=
. It is based on OCaml-stk. This release contains small bug fixes and follo=
ws changes in OCaml-stk.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    DkCoder 2.1.3
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dkcoder-2-1-3/15295/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce another release of DkCoder -  a no-install OCaml-bas=
ed scripting framework.

    


    
Major changes:

    

      

    • Split out the Java-like packaging and security tools into the MlFront p=
roject: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfront-a-java-=
like-package-system-for-ocaml/15072.
      • 

    • The DkCoder and MlFront version numbers are now in sync with DkML versi=
on numbers. However, DkCoder is still alpha and there is at l=
east one breaking change coming.
      • 

    • Several third-party "Us" scripts are embedded and supported. (They are =
listed at bottom of this post).
      • 

    


    
Docs: The main doc page is https://diskuv.com/dksdk/coder/2024-intro-scripting/. =
But I don't yet have good reference docs. The samples below have been updat=
ed and are good ways to see what DkCoder can do (use the V2_1 =
branches):

    



    
There are many bug fixes and new features. The full list is at https://github.c=
om/diskuv/dkcoder/blob/1.0/CHANGES.md#2132 - all the sections from 0.4.0.1 to 2.1.3.2 (inclusive) are new.

    

    


    

    New "Us" scripts
    

    

    
These scripts can be run inside any of the sample projects above, or use=
d as ordinary modules in your own DkCoder project source code. Some scripts=
, but not all, have a --help option.

    


    ./dk DkFs_C99.Dir - Directory manipulation operations.
./dk DkFs_C99.File - (no help) File manipulation operations.
./dk DkFs_C99.Path - Path manipulation operations.
./dk DkNet_Std.Browser - Browser operations.
./dk DkNet_Std.Http - Download content.
./dk DkDev_Std.Legal.Record - Asks for and records your acceptance of legal=
 terms and agreements.
./dk DkDev_Std.Exec - Execute a command in the DkCoder 2.1 runtime environm=
ent.
./dk DkDev_Std.Export - Create an `exports` field inside dkproject.jsonc su=
mmarizing all the You libraries.
./dk DkDev_Std.Jsontree - (no help) For in-place edits of JSON files.
./dk DkStdRestApis_Gen.* - (no help) (unstable, not ready). OpenAPI 3 servi=
ce and client generator.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 17 to
24, 2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

ocaml-trace 0.8
qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
3rd editor tooling dev-meeting: 26th of September =F0=9F=A7=99
First release of hachis
OCaml Platform Newsletter: June-August 2024
First alpha release of OCaml 5.3.0
Ascend - Dungeon RPG for your terminal
first release of ppx_deriving_jsonschema
opam 2.3.0~alpha1
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


ocaml-trace 0.8
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [ocaml-trace 0.8] was just released. It features a new trace collector
  for multiprocess programs, and a new library, `trace.subscriber', for
  handling events in a more modular, compositional way.

  For background, `trace' is a lightweight library that can be used to
  instrument your code (libraries or executable), either by hand or
  using `ppx_trace', and offers a `collector' abstraction to actually
  collect/handle/store/write the trace events somewhere. The overhead
  when no collector is installed is low. There are also several
  collectors in `trace-tef', `trace-fuchsia', and (in a separate repo)
  `tracy-client'. See the [github repo] for more details.


[ocaml-trace 0.8]


[github repo] 


qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jan Midtgaard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to share the 0.4 release of `qcheck-lin', `qcheck-stm', and
  `qcheck-multicoretests-util':
  

  The testing libraries are useful for testing your OCaml code for
  parallelism safety:
  =E2=80=A2 `qcheck-lin' offer a low effort approach, requiring little more=
 than
    type signatures of the target interface (example above)
  =E2=80=A2 `qcheck-stm' offers stronger correctness guarantees by comparin=
g the
    observed behaviour to a functional model description - under both
    sequential and parallel usage.

  The 0.4 release brings two new "stress test" functions and also
  adjusts the cmd list distribution of `STM_sequential':

  =E2=80=A2 #415: Remove `--verbose' in internal `mutable_set_v5' expect te=
st to
     avoid a test failure on a slow machine
  =E2=80=A2 #443: Add `Lin_domain.stress_test' as a lighter stress test, not
     requiring an interleaving search.
  =E2=80=A2 #462: Add `STM_domain.stress_test_par', similar to
     `Lin_domain.stress_test' for STM models.
  =E2=80=A2 #472: Switch `arb_cmds' to use an exponential distribution with=
 a
     mean of 10, avoiding lists of up to 10000 cmds in `STM_sequential'
     (reported by @nikolaushuber).

  Happy testing! :smiley:


3rd editor tooling dev-meeting: 26th of September =F0=9F=A7=99
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


vds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The meeting is back! We are organizing the next one on next Thursday,
  the 26th of September at 5pm CEST (sorry, still no timezone rotation,
  but we probably will for the next one). Whether you are a long time
  maintainer, an occasional contributor, a new comer, or simply a
  curious passer-by, please feel free to attend!

  :sparkles: For this session, @jchavarri is going to present [Melange],
  a toolchain that compiles ocaml/reason to javascript, and its
  integration in the tooling ecosystem.

  :clipboard: Meeting agenda:

  =E2=80=A2 A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to
    present themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
  =E2=80=A2 Talk and Q&A
  =E2=80=A2 Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or
    mentioned during the tour-de-table.

  We=E2=80=99re looking forward to meeting you!

  Meeting link: [https://meet.google.com/nzt-owbh-yoo ]

  Previous meeting notes are available in [Merlin=E2=80=99s repository wiki=
].


[Melange] 

[https://meet.google.com/nzt-owbh-yoo ]


[Merlin=E2=80=99s repository wiki]



First release of hachis
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce the first release of `hachis', a library
  that offers hash sets and hash maps.

  These data structures handle collisions via linear probing, a
  technique that relies on linear searches within an array. All of the
  data is stored within one large array (for hash sets) or two large
  arrays (for hash maps). As a result, these data structures offer good
  locality.

  Some benchmarks suggest that `hachis' can consistently outperform the
  standard library's hash maps (`Hashtbl').

  To install the library, type `opam update && opam install hachis'.

  For more details, see the [documentation].


[documentation] 


Simon Cruanes then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The code is [here] for those who are curious to see how the sausage is
  done :-)


[here] 


OCaml Platform Newsletter: June-August 2024
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the twelfth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

  In this June-August 2024 edition, we are excited to bring you the
  latest on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting
  recent developments as seen in [previous editions]. To understand the
  direction we're headed, especially regarding development workflows and
  user experience improvements, check out our [roadmap].

  *Highlights:*

  =E2=80=A2 *Dune package management soon in public beta:* [Developer Previ=
ew
     Program] expands with 60+ interviews, NPS soaring from +9 to +28!
     Public beta coming soon with exciting features like automatic
     dependency locking and dev tool management. [See it in action]!
  =E2=80=A2 *Opam 2.2 is out:* [Native Windows support is here]! Seamless s=
etup
     with `opam init', `opam-repository' compatible with Windows. OCaml
     on Windows is now a reality.
  =E2=80=A2 *Odoc 3.0 gets close to a release:* New features like global
     sidebars and media support are ready in odoc. Integration with Dune
     and OCaml.org pipeline in progress - get ready to test the new
     documentation experience soon! [Check out the RFCs].
  =E2=80=A2 *Project-wide references is live:* Merlin 5.1 and OCaml LSP 1.1=
8.0
     bring powerful code navigation to your editor. Built on years of
     compiler work, it's a game-changer for large codebases.
  =E2=80=A2 *Starting to bridge the gap between Merlin and OCaml LSP:* New =
LSP
     queries for type enclosing, documentation, and more. We=E2=80=99re wor=
king
     towards consistent, feature-rich experience across all editors
     powered by OCaml LSP.

  *Releases:*

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.2.0~beta3]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.2.0~rc1]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.2.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.2.1]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.16.0]
  =E2=80=A2 opam-publish 2.3.1
  =E2=80=A2 [Merlin 5.1]
  =E2=80=A2 [Merlin 4.16]
  =E2=80=A2 [Merlin 4.15]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml LSP 1.19.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml LSP 1.18.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Ppxlib 0.33.0]


[previous editions] 

[roadmap] 

[Developer Preview Program]


[See it in action] 

[Native Windows support is here]


[Check out the RFCs] 

[opam 2.2.0~beta3]


[opam 2.2.0~rc1] 

[opam 2.2.0] 

[opam 2.2.1] 

[Dune 3.16.0] 

[Merlin 5.1] 

[Merlin 4.16] 

[Merlin 4.15] 

[OCaml LSP 1.19.0]


[OCaml LSP 1.18.0]


[Ppxlib 0.33.0] 

*Dune Package Management ([W4])*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @rgrinberg (Tarides), @Leonidas-from-XIV (Tarides),
   @gridbugs (Tarides), @Alizter

  *Synopsis:* Integrating package management into Dune, making it the
   sole tool needed for OCaml development. This unification eliminates
   installation time (just download Dune's pre-built binary), automates
   external tool management (e.g., for `dune fmt' or `dune ocamllsp'),
   and significantly reduces build times through caching (packages and
   compiler are built only once across projects).

  *Summary:*

  Following our announcement of reaching the Minimal Viable Product
  (MVP) stage for Dune's package management in the [last newsletter],
  we've made substantial progress on our stated goals. As promised,
  we've shifted our focus from prototyping to user testing and refining
  the developer experience (DX).

  The Developer Preview Program (see [latest update]) has expanded
  significantly from its early stages. We've conducted approximately 60
  developer interviews, representing a diverse cross-section of the
  OCaml community. The interviewees include both newcomers and
  experienced OCaml users. Notably, about 40% of participants have over
  3 years of OCaml experience, while 35% are relative newcomers with
  less than a year of experience. The majority come from Linux and macOS
  environments, with participants representing various sectors including
  tech companies, research institutions, and independent developers.

  These sessions have provided crucial feedback and driven
  improvements. This extensive user testing has paid off, with the Net
  Promoter Score jumping from +9 to an estimated +28 - a clear sign that
  the community is excited about the improvements we've made.

  Key developments since the last update include:
  =E2=80=A2 A nightly binary distribution of Dune with package management
    enabled, which will be made available publicly in the coming weeks.
  =E2=80=A2 We started work on automated handling of developer tools
    (ocamlformat, ocamllsp, odoc) =E2=80=93 users will be able run `dune fm=
t',
    or `dune ocamllsp', and Dune will take care of installing
    OCamlFormat and OCaml LSP automatically if they are not available.
  =E2=80=A2 Implementation of automatic dependency locking when project=E2=
=80=99s
    dependency changes =E2=80=93 you can now run Dune in watch mode and let=
 it
    install your dependencies without any intervention after updating
    your dune-project
  =E2=80=A2 We=E2=80=99ve enabled Dune cache by default, which works with y=
our package
    dependencies. With this change, Dune will not recompile dependencies
    more than once when building new projects, including the compiler!

  The team has moved beyond just testing with OCaml.org and Bonsai, now
  conducting broader compatibility tests across the opam
  repository. Initial results show about 50% of packages can be authored
  using Dune with package management, with ongoing efforts to increase
  the coverage (we expect resolution of a few issues on a select few
  foundational packages to significantly increase that percentage).

  In line with the commitment to prepare for a first release, the team
  plans to launch a public beta in the coming weeks. This marks a
  significant step from our current private Developer Preview testing
  with selected beta testers, to a broader community release.

  Stay tuned for the upcoming announcement, and in the meantime, have a
  look a the demos and some enthusiastic messages from beta testers:
  =E2=80=A2 Demo on [Mastodon] or [X]
  =E2=80=A2 =E2=80=9CJust did the dune package management preview, it=E2=80=
=99s looking very
    sharp=E2=80=9D =E2=80=93 [https://x.com/ckarmstrong/status/183093715643=
4747566]
  =E2=80=A2 =E2=80=9CReally looking forward to this! No more switches, no m=
ore opam,
    just dune behaving like a modern package manager. Having played
    around with it, it's just so so nice. The focus on DX really makes
    me hopeful about OCaml's future.=E2=80=9D =E2=80=93
    [https://x.com/synecdokey/status/1825533523283079474]

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Implemented workaround to avoid unstable compilers =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/dune#10668]
  =E2=80=A2 Added support for multiple checksums ([ocaml/dune#10624],
    [ocaml/dune#10791])
  =E2=80=A2 Began upstreaming the Dune toolchain feature ([ocaml/dune#10639=
],
    [ocaml/dune#10719])
  =E2=80=A2 Added implicit relock when dependencies change =E2=80=93 [ocaml=
/dune#10641]
  =E2=80=A2 Improved dependency solving and constraint handling
    ([ocaml/dune#10726])
  =E2=80=A2 Added developer preview features and configuration options
    ([ocaml/dune#10627])
  =E2=80=A2 Implemented progress indicators for package builds and lockfile
    generation ([ocaml/dune#10802], [ocaml/dune#10803])
  =E2=80=A2 Improved error messages and logging ([ocaml/dune#10662])
  =E2=80=A2 Created extensive test suite for new package management features
    ([ocaml/dune#10798])
  =E2=80=A2 Resolved issues with building specific packages (e.g., seq, lwt)
    ([ocaml/dune#10788], [ocaml/dune#10839])
  =E2=80=A2 Enable cache on fetch actions for faster builds ([ocaml/dune#10=
850])
  =E2=80=A2 Improved handling of dev tools like ocamlformat ([ocaml/dune#10=
647])
  =E2=80=A2 Developed tools for testing package compatibility coverage on
    opam-repository


[W4] 

[last newsletter]


[latest update]


[Mastodon] 

[X] 

[https://x.com/ckarmstrong/status/1830937156434747566]


[https://x.com/synecdokey/status/1825533523283079474]


[ocaml/dune#10668] 

[ocaml/dune#10624] 

[ocaml/dune#10791] 

[ocaml/dune#10639] 

[ocaml/dune#10719] 

[ocaml/dune#10641] 

[ocaml/dune#10726] 

[ocaml/dune#10627] 

[ocaml/dune#10802] 

[ocaml/dune#10803] 

[ocaml/dune#10662] 

[ocaml/dune#10798] 

[ocaml/dune#10788] 

[ocaml/dune#10839] 

[ocaml/dune#10850] 

[ocaml/dune#10647] 


*Native Support for Windows in opam 2.2 ([W5])*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @rjbou (OCamlPro), @kit-ty-kate (Ahrefs), @dra27
   (Tarides), @AltGr (OCamlPro)

  *Synopsis:* Releasing opam 2.2 with native Windows support to enhance
   OCaml's viability on Windows, making the official `opam-repository'
   usable on Windows and encouraging more Windows-friendly packages.

  *Summary:*

  The release of opam 2.2.0, [announced on Discuss] early July, marks a
  significant milestone for the OCaml ecosystem. This version brings
  native support for both the opam client and compiler packages in
  `opam-repository' on Windows, opening new possibilities for OCaml
  development on this platform.

  opam 2.2.0 officially supports Cygwin and is compatible with
  MSYS2. Windows users can now run `opam init' in their preferred
  console for a guided setup, resulting in a fully functional OCaml
  environment. This release represents the culmination of a [multi-year
  effort] involving extensive contributions from the community.

  The OCaml ecosystem is already adapting to this new capability. A [CI
  check for Windows compilation] has been added to opam-repository, and
  the [GitHub Action ocaml/setup-ocaml] now uses opam 2.2.0,
  facilitating OCaml development on Windows in GitHub projects.

  Community members are actively working to improve Windows
  compatibility across the ecosystem. Notable efforts include [Hugo
  Heuzard's] work on [OCamlBuild] and several other [Windows-related
  PRs].

  We encourage package authors to set up Windows CI for their projects
  and address Windows-related issues. This collective effort will be
  crucial in expanding OCaml's reach and usability on the Windows
  platform.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Opam binary:
    =E2=80=A3 Fixed issues with `opam init' on Windows =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opa=
m#5991],
      [ocaml/opam#5992], [ocaml/opam#5993], [ocaml/opam#5994],
      [ocaml/opam#5995], [ocaml/opam#5996], [ocaml/opam#5997],
      [ocaml/opam#5998], [ocaml/opam#6000]
    =E2=80=A3 Improved status display during slow operations on Windows =E2=
=80=93
      [ocaml/opam#5977]
    =E2=80=A3 Enabled opam to work with Windows usernames containing spaces=
 =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam#5457]
    =E2=80=A3 Fixed `opam init -yn' to handle menus in the release candidat=
e =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam#6033]
    =E2=80=A3 Updated PowerShell script for installing opam from GitHub
      releases: [ocaml/opam#5906]
    =E2=80=A3 Fixed hang issue with `setup-ocaml' and depexts =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam#6046]
  =E2=80=A2 Update opam-repository to be compatible with Windows:
    =E2=80=A3 Updated `opam-repository' Windows CI =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam-repository#26081], [ocaml/opam-repository#26073],
      [ocaml/opam-repository#26080]
    =E2=80=A3 Added backport of MSVC in OCaml-variants.5.2.0+msvc =E2=80=93
      [ocaml/opam-repository#26082]
    =E2=80=A3 Updated native Cygwin depexts =E2=80=93 [ocaml/opam-repositor=
y#26130]
    =E2=80=A3 Updated opam-repository with Windows-specific package informa=
tion:
      =E2=80=A3 Added Windows compiler packages ([ocaml/opam-repository#258=
61])
      =E2=80=A3 Fixed issues with OCaml variants on Windows
        ([ocaml/opam-repository#26033])
    =E2=80=A3 Updated and released mingw-w64-shims.0.2.0 to fix setup-ocaml
      issues ([ocaml/opam-repository#26123])
  =E2=80=A2 Released stable version of opam 2.2.0 with full Windows support=
 =F0=9F=8E=89
    ([announcement])


[W5] 

[announced on Discuss]


[multi-year effort]


[CI check for Windows compilation]


[GitHub Action ocaml/setup-ocaml]


[Hugo Heuzard's] 

[OCamlBuild] 

[Windows-related PRs]


[ocaml/opam#5991] 

[ocaml/opam#5992] 

[ocaml/opam#5993] 

[ocaml/opam#5994] 

[ocaml/opam#5995] 

[ocaml/opam#5996] 

[ocaml/opam#5997] 

[ocaml/opam#5998] 

[ocaml/opam#6000] 

[ocaml/opam#5977] 

[ocaml/opam#5457] 

[ocaml/opam#6033] 

[ocaml/opam#5906] 

[ocaml/opam#6046] 

[ocaml/opam-repository#26081]


[ocaml/opam-repository#26073]


[ocaml/opam-repository#26080]


[ocaml/opam-repository#26082]


[ocaml/opam-repository#26130]


[ocaml/opam-repository#25861]


[ocaml/opam-repository#26033]


[ocaml/opam-repository#26123]


[announcement] 


*Upgrading OCaml Package Documentation with Odoc 3.0 ([W25])*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @panglesd
   (Tarides), @EmileTrotignon (Tarides), Luke Maurer (Jane Street)

  *Synopsis:* Upgrading OCaml package documentation experience with odoc
   3, featuring improved navigation, cross-package referencing, media
   support, and more. This upgrade aims to improve the documentation
   experience both locally and on OCaml.org, encouraging higher-quality
   package documentation.

  *Summary:*

  Following the completion and community review of the RFCs for odoc
  3.0, we've made significant strides in implementing the new design and
  features. Our progress over the past few months has brought us close
  to a complete implementation of the odoc 3.0 feature set. As we
  finalize development and approach the first release, our focus is
  shifting towards integration with the rest of the ecosystem.

  Key Developments in the past months include:

  =E2=80=A2 Adding new options to the `odoc' CLI to begin the implementatio=
n of
    the `odoc' 3 CLI
  =E2=80=A2 Implementing new syntax such as path-references
  =E2=80=A2 Developing the global sidebar with a TOC featuring standalone p=
ages
    and package module hierarchy

  As we near completion of the core odoc 3.0 feature set, our focus is
  shifting towards finalizing integration with Dune and the OCaml.org
  documentation pipeline. We're excited to get all of these improvements
  in your hands and get your feedback on the new documentation
  experience. Stay tuned for announcements regarding testing
  opportunities and the upcoming release of odoc 3.0!

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Added `path-references' lookup functionality =E2=80=93 [ocaml/o=
doc#1150]
  =E2=80=A2 Added the `--current-package' option =E2=80=93 [ocaml/odoc#1151]
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed hierarchical pages being given wrong parent ID =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/odoc#1148]
  =E2=80=A2 Parsing of `path-references' to pages and modules
    ([ocaml/odoc#1142])
  =E2=80=A2 Support for assets and media in documentation ([ocaml/odoc#1184=
])
  =E2=80=A2 Implemented "Global" sidebar feature ([ocaml/odoc#1145])
  =E2=80=A2 Added support for external pages and non-package documentation
    ([ocaml/odoc#1183])
  =E2=80=A2 Improved CSS for better visual presentation ([ocaml/odoc#1159])
  =E2=80=A2 Add a marshalled output for index generation ([ocaml/odoc#1084])
  =E2=80=A2 Implemented Voodoo/Dune driver for improved integration
    ([ocaml/odoc#1168])
  =E2=80=A2 Added frontmatter support to mld pages ([ocaml/odoc#1187])
  =E2=80=A2 Improved breadcrumbs to show packages and libraries
    ([ocaml/odoc#1190])


[W25]


[ocaml/odoc#1150] 

[ocaml/odoc#1151] 

[ocaml/odoc#1148] 

[ocaml/odoc#1142] 

[ocaml/odoc#1184] 

[ocaml/odoc#1145] 

[ocaml/odoc#1183] 

[ocaml/odoc#1159] 

[ocaml/odoc#1084] 

[ocaml/odoc#1168] 

[ocaml/odoc#1187] 

[ocaml/odoc#1190] 


*Project-Wide References in OCaml Editors ([W19])*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @vds (Tarides)

  *Synopsis:* Introducing project-wide reference features in Merlin and
   OCaml LSP to enhance code navigation and refactoring capabilities,
   bringing OCaml's editor experience in line with other modern
   programming languages.

  *Summary:*

  As [announced] in June, Merlin project-wide references is now
  available in Merlin 5.1 and the preview of OCaml LSP 1.18.0. Users of
  LSP-powered editors (like VSCode with the OCaml Platform extension)
  and classic Emacs and Vim plugins can now query project-wide
  references of OCaml terms. This requires building the index with the
  new Dune alias `@ocaml-index'.

  This release represents the culmination of a multiyear effort by the
  Merlin team, including extensive work on the compiler to provide the
  necessary information for implementing this feature in Merlin.

  We're thrilled to share this feature with the community and look
  forward to your feedback.

  While the feature should work well in most cases, we're aware of some
  limitations. Our next steps include adding support for interface files
  and module paths. Stay tuned!

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Completed work on incremental occurrences indexation and related
    Dune rules =E2=80=93 [ocaml/dune#10422]
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed issues with querying from interface files =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/merlin#1779], [ocaml/merlin#1781]
  =E2=80=A2 Improved behavior when cursor is on label/constructor declarati=
ons =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/merlin#1785]
  =E2=80=A2 Released `Merlin.5.1-502', `ocaml-index.1.0', and a new preview=
 of
    `ocaml-lsp-server' with project-wide occurrences support =E2=80=93
    [ocaml/opam-repository#26114]
  =E2=80=A2 Announced the release on Discuss =E2=80=93 [Project-wide occurr=
ences in
    Merlin and LSP]
  =E2=80=A2 Wrote a [wiki page] for project-wide occurrences
  =E2=80=A2 Updated [the Merlin website]
  =E2=80=A2 Updated the [platform changelog]
  =E2=80=A2 Improved handling of label and constructor declarations
    ([ocaml/merlin#1785])
  =E2=80=A2 Contributed compiler improvements:
  =E2=80=A2 Implemented distinct unique identifiers for implementations and
    interfaces ([ocaml/ocaml#13286])
  =E2=80=A2 Developed a system for linking unique identifiers of declaratio=
ns
    ([ocaml/ocaml#13308])
  =E2=80=A2 Contributed to improvements in longident locations
    ([ocaml/ocaml#13302])


[W19] 

[announced]


[ocaml/dune#10422] 

[ocaml/merlin#1779] 

[ocaml/merlin#1781] 

[ocaml/merlin#1785] 

[ocaml/opam-repository#26114]


[Project-wide occurrences in Merlin and LSP]


[wiki page]


[the Merlin website]


[platform changelog] 

[ocaml/ocaml#13286] 

[ocaml/ocaml#13308] 

[ocaml/ocaml#13302] 


*Bridging the Gap Between Merlin and OCaml LSP ([W19])*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Contributed by:* @xvw (Tarides), @vds (Tarides)

  *Synopsis:* Working towards feature parity between Merlin and OCaml
   LSP to provide a consistent, feature-rich development experience
   across all editors, making OCaml LSP the comprehensive backend for
   OCaml editor support.

  *Summary:*

  In June, we started work on bridging the gap between OCaml LSP and
  Merlin. We've started with exposing Merlin's type-enclosing request in
  OCaml LSP. The feature is now available as `ocamllsp/typeEnclosing'
  and we will work on editor integration next.

  As a reminder, Merlin's `type-enclosing' feature allows users to get
  the type of the identifier under the cursor. It highlights the
  identifier and displays its type. Users can climb the typed-tree to
  display the type of larger expressions surrounding the cursor.

  Since June, we=E2=80=99ve worked on a number of new LSP queries and code
  actions, including:
  =E2=80=A2 A custom `ocamllsp/getDocumentation' query to request the `odoc'
    documentation
  =E2=80=A2 A custom `ocamllsp/construct' query to browse and fill typed ho=
les
    (`_')
  =E2=80=A2 A code-action for syntactic and semantic movement shortcuts bas=
ed on
    Merlin's Jump command

  *Activities*

  =E2=80=A2 Added custom queries for type enclosing and documentation retri=
eval:
    =E2=80=A3 Type enclosing query ([ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1304])
    =E2=80=A3 Documentation query ([ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1336])
  =E2=80=A2 Created a custom construct query ([ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1348])
  =E2=80=A2 Implemented semantic and syntactic movement shortcuts
    ([ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1364])
  =E2=80=A2 Backported and released Merlin 4.16 with necessary commands
    ([opam-repository PR])
  =E2=80=A2 Refactored usage of `Typedtree' from `ocaml-lsp' to `merlin-lib'
    ([ocaml/merlin#1811], [ocaml/merlin#1812])


[W19] 

[ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1304] 

[ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1336] 

[ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1348] 

[ocaml/ocaml-lsp#1364] 

[opam-repository PR]


[ocaml/merlin#1811] 

[ocaml/merlin#1812] 


First alpha release of OCaml 5.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Four months after the release of OCaml 5.2.0, the set of new features
  for the future version 5.3.0 of OCaml has been frozen. We are thus
  happy to announce the first alpha release for OCaml 5.3.0.

  This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our
  bug hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the
  installation instructions). More information about the whole release
  process is now available in the [compiler repository].

  The progresses on stabilizing the ecosystem are tracked on the [opam
  readiness for 5.3.0 meta-issue].

  The full release is expected around November, see the [new prospective
  calendar] for more information.

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  If you are interested in the ongoing list of new features and bug
  fixes, the updated change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available [on
  GitHub].


[compiler repository]


[opam readiness for 5.3.0 meta-issue]


[new prospective calendar]


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[on GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0~alpha1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml archives at Inria]


[GitHub] 

[OCaml archives at Inria]


=E2=97=8A Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.3.0~alpha1+op=
tions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.3=
.0~alpha1+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Ascend - Dungeon RPG for your terminal
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


eir announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Announcing the first release of *[ascend]*!

  Venture into the depths to retrieve the stolen artifact, and hopefully
  escape with your life=E2=80=A6  NetHack lite.

  *Get it via:*
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam install ascend
  =E2=94=82 ascend
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Rievax the Revelator is recruiting you for some "manual testing".


[ascend] 


first release of ppx_deriving_jsonschema
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce the first release of
  [ppx_deriving_jsonschema]. Source repo is
  

  This small ppx should help you generate a (hopefully valid) json
  schema from an ocaml type.

  Generally the derivation tries to produce a schema which looks
  natural, and that would also be compatible with the existing derivers
  for json out there. Basically you should be able to change the
  annotation to `[@@deriving jsonschema, yojson]' (or `json' instead of
  `yojson') and to read/write json values that are matching the
  schema. There is a bit of tension on things like variants, which are
  represented as arrays by ppx_yojson_conv and ppx_deriving_yojson, but
  represented as enums by ppx_deriving_jsonschema. I plan to add a way
  to switch between the two behaviors soon.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type address =3D {
  =E2=94=82   street: string;
  =E2=94=82   city: string;
  =E2=94=82   zip: string;
  =E2=94=82 } [@@deriving jsonschema]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 type t =3D {
  =E2=94=82   name: string;
  =E2=94=82   age: int;
  =E2=94=82   email: string option;
  =E2=94=82   address: address;
  =E2=94=82 } [@@deriving jsonschema]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let schema =3D Ppx_deriving_jsonschema_runtime.json_schema t_js=
onschema
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Will be turned into this schema
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 {
  =E2=94=82   "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  =E2=94=82   "type": "object",
  =E2=94=82   "properties": {
  =E2=94=82     "address": {
  =E2=94=82       "type": "object",
  =E2=94=82       "properties": {
  =E2=94=82         "zip": { "type": "string" },
  =E2=94=82         "city": { "type": "string" },
  =E2=94=82         "street": { "type": "string" }
  =E2=94=82       },
  =E2=94=82       "required": [ "zip", "city", "street" ]
  =E2=94=82     },
  =E2=94=82     "email": { "type": "string" },
  =E2=94=82     "age": { "type": "integer" },
  =E2=94=82     "name": { "type": "string" }
  =E2=94=82   },
  =E2=94=82   "required": [ "address", "age", "name" ]
  =E2=94=82 }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Some more advanced functionalities are documented in the readme.

  Please let me know if you see any important feature missing, if there
  are bugs, or if you have ideas of improvements.

  This project was originally started during a Ahrefs dojo, in parallel
  to the ICFP conference in Milan, as a way to learn how to write a
  ppx. I can't recommend enough
   to get going.


[ppx_deriving_jsonschema]



opam 2.3.0~alpha1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  As mentioned in [our talk at the OCaml Workshop 2024], we decided to
  switch to a time-based release cycle (every 6 months), starting with
  opam 2.3.

  As promised, we are happy to announce the first alpha release of opam
  2.3.0.


[our talk at the OCaml Workshop 2024]


What's new?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 When loading a repository, *opam now ignores files in packages'
    `files/' directories which aren't listed in the `extra-files' field*
    of the opam file. :warning: If you maintain an opam repository,
    please read our [blog post] to make sure your repository stays
    compatible.
  =E2=80=A2 *Packages requiring an unsupported version of opam are now mark=
ed
     unavailable*, instead of causing a repository error. This means an
     opam repository can now allow smoother upgrade in the future
  =E2=80=A2 *`opam list --latests-only'*: a new option to list only the lat=
est
     versions of packages
  =E2=80=A2 *`--verbose-on'*: a new option to enable verbose output for
     specified package names.
  =E2=80=A2 *`opam switch import --deps-only'*: a new option to install onl=
y the
     dependencies of the root packages listed in the opam switch export
     file
  =E2=80=A2 *`opam switch list-available'* will now not display compilers
     flagged with `avoid-version~/~deprecated' unless `--all' is given,
     meaning that the "trunk" build of OCaml no longer appears to be the
     latest version
  =E2=80=A2 *The `builtin-0install' solver was improved* and should now be
     capable of being your default solver instead of
     `builtin-mccs+glpk'. If you wish to give it a try, simply call
     `opam option solver=3Dbuiltin-0install'
  =E2=80=A2 Most of the *unhelpful conflict messages were fixed* :flashligh=
t:

  Various performance and other improvements were made and bugs were
  fixed.  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information
  about these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a
  look at the [release note] or the [changelog].


[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocam=
l/opam/master/shell/install.sh) --version 2.3.0~alpha1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubus=
ercontent.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/install.ps1) } -Version 2.3.0~alpha1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please report any issues to [the bug-tracker].


[the bug-tracker] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events (Sep 22, 2024 and onwards)]
  =E2=80=A2 [Eio From a User's Perspective: An Interview With Simon Grondin]
  =E2=80=A2 [Introducing the `odoc' Cheatsheet: Your Handy Guide to OCaml
    Documentation]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Upcoming OCaml Events (Sep 22, 2024 and onwards)]


[Eio From a User's Perspective: An Interview With Simon Grondin]


[Introducing the `odoc' Cheatsheet: Your Handy Guide to OCaml
Documentation]



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  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 17 to 24, 2=
024.

    





    

    ocaml-trace 0.8
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-trace-0-8/15298/1

    

    


    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
ocaml-t=
race 0.8 was just released. It features a new trace collector for multi=
process programs, and a new library, trace.subscriber, for han=
dling events in a more modular, compositional way.

    


    
For background, trace is a lightweight library that can be use=
d to instrument your code (libraries or executable), either by hand or usin=
g ppx_trace, and offers a collector abstraction t=
o actually collect/handle/store/write the trace events somewhere. The overh=
ead when no collector is installed is low. There are also several collector=
s in trace-tef, trace-fuchsia, and (in a separate=
 repo) tracy-client. See the github repo for more details.

    

    

    

    





    

    qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-lin-and-qcheck-stm-0=
-2/12301/3

    

    


    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to share the 0.4 release of qcheck-lin, qcheck=
-stm, and qcheck-multicoretests-util: https://githu=
b.com/ocaml-multicore/multicoretests/releases/tag/0.4

    


    
The testing libraries are useful for testing your OCaml code for parallelis=
m safety:

    

      

    • qcheck-lin offer a low effort approach, requiring little m=
ore than type signatures of the target interface (example above)
      • 

    • qcheck-stm offers stronger correctness guarantees by compa=
ring the observed behaviour to a functional model description - under both =
sequential and parallel usage.
      • 

    


    
The 0.4 release brings two new "stress test" functions and also adjusts the=
 cmd list distribution of STM_sequential:

    


      

    • #415: Remove --verbose in internal mutable_set_v5 expect test to avoid a test failure on a slow machine
      • 

    • #443: Add Lin_domain.stress_test as a lighter stress test,=
 not requiring an interleaving search.
      • 

    • #462: Add STM_domain.stress_test_par, similar to Lin=
_domain.stress_test for STM models.
      • 

    • #472: Switch arb_cmds to use an exponential distribution w=
ith a mean of 10, avoiding lists of up to 10000 cmds in STM_sequentia=
l (reported by @nikolaushuber).
      • 

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    





    

    3rd editor tooling dev-meeting: 26th of September =F0=9F=A7=99=

    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-3rd-edit=
or-tooling-dev-meeting-26th-of-september/15308/1

    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
The meeting is back! We are organizing the next one on next Thursday, the 2=
6th of September at 5pm CEST (sorry, still no timezone rotation, but we pro=
bably will for the next one). Whether you are a long time maintainer, an oc=
casional contributor, a new comer, or simply a curious passer-by, please fe=
el free to attend!=20

    


    
:sparkles: For this session, @jchavarri is going to present Melange, a toolchain that compiles o=
caml/reason to javascript,  and its integration in the tooling ecosystem.

    


    
:clipboard: Meeting agenda:

    


      

    • A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to present=
 themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
      • 

    • Talk and Q&A
      • 

    • Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or mention=
ed during the tour-de-table.
      • 

    


    
We=E2=80=99re looking forward to meeting you!

    


    
Meeting link: https://meet=
.google.com/nzt-owbh-yoo 

    


    
Previous meeting notes are available in Merlin=E2=80=99s repository wiki<=
/a>.

    

    

    

    










    

    OCaml Platform Newsletter: June-August 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-platform-newslet=
ter-june-august-2024/15312/1

    

    


    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the twelfth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this June-August 2024 edition, we are excited to bring you the latest on=
 the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting recent develo=
pments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're headed, espec=
ially regarding development workflows and user experience improvements, che=
ck out our roadmap.

    


    
Highlights:

    


      

    • Dune package management soon in public beta: Developer Pre=
view Program expands with 60+ interviews, NPS soaring from +9 to +28! P=
ublic beta coming soon with exciting features like automatic dependency loc=
king and dev tool management. See it in action!
      • 

    • Opam 2.2 is out: Native Windows support is here! Seamless setup wit=
h opam init, opam-repository compatible with Wind=
ows. OCaml on Windows is now a reality.
      • 

    • Odoc 3.0 gets close to a release: New features like global sideb=
ars and media support are ready in odoc. Integration with Dune and OCaml.or=
g pipeline in progress - get ready to test the new documentation experience=
 soon! Check out=
 the RFCs.
      • 

    • Project-wide references is live: Merlin 5.1 and OCaml LSP 1.18.0=
 bring powerful code navigation to your editor. Built on years of compiler =
work, it's a game-changer for large codebases.
      • 

    • Starting to bridge the gap between Merlin and OCaml LSP: New LSP=
 queries for type enclosing, documentation, and more. We=E2=80=99re working=
 towards consistent, feature-rich experience across all editors powered by =
OCaml LSP.
      • 

    


    
Releases:

    



    



    

    Dune Package Management (W4)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @rgrinberg (Tarides), @Leonidas-from-XIV (Tarides), =
@gridbugs (Tarides), @Alizter

    


    
Synopsis: Integrating package management into Dune, making it the so=
le tool needed for OCaml development. This unification eliminates installat=
ion time (just download Dune's pre-built binary), automates external tool m=
anagement (e.g., for dune fmt or dune ocamllsp), =
and significantly reduces build times through caching (packages and compile=
r are built only once across projects).

    


    
Summary:

    


    
Following our announcement of reaching the Minimal Viable Product (MVP) sta=
ge for Dune's package management in the last newsletter, we=
've made substantial progress on our stated goals. As promised, we've shift=
ed our focus from prototyping to user testing and refining the developer ex=
perience (DX).

    


    
The Developer Preview Program (see latest update) has expanded si=
gnificantly from its early stages. We've conducted approximately 60 develop=
er interviews, representing a diverse cross-section of the OCaml community.=
 The interviewees include both newcomers and experienced OCaml users. Notab=
ly, about 40% of participants have over 3 years of OCaml experience, while =
35% are relative newcomers with less than a year of experience. The majorit=
y come from Linux and macOS environments, with participants representing va=
rious sectors including tech companies, research institutions, and independ=
ent developers.

    


    
These sessions have provided crucial feedback and driven improvements. This=
 extensive user testing has paid off, with the Net Promoter Score jumping f=
rom +9 to an estimated +28 - a clear sign that the community is excited abo=
ut the improvements we've made.

    


    
Key developments since the last update include:

    

      

    • A nightly binary distribution of Dune with package management enabled, =
which will be made available publicly in the coming weeks.
      • 

    • We started work on automated handling of developer tools (ocamlformat, =
ocamllsp, odoc) – users will be able run dune fmt, or <=
code>dune ocamllsp, and Dune will take care of installing OCamlForma=
t and OCaml LSP automatically if they are not available.
      • 

    • Implementation of automatic dependency locking when project=E2=80=99s d=
ependency changes – you can now run Dune in watch mode and let it in=
stall your dependencies without any intervention after updating your dune-p=
roject
      • 

    • We=E2=80=99ve enabled Dune cache by default, which works with your pack=
age dependencies. With this change, Dune will not recompile dependencies mo=
re than once when building new projects, including the compiler!
      • 

    


    
The team has moved beyond just testing with OCaml.org and Bonsai, now condu=
cting broader compatibility tests across the opam repository. Initial resul=
ts show about 50% of packages can be authored using Dune with package manag=
ement, with ongoing efforts to increase the coverage (we expect resolution =
of a few issues on a select few foundational packages to significantly incr=
ease that percentage).

    


    
In line with the commitment to prepare for a first release, the team plans =
to launch a public beta in the coming weeks. This marks a significant step =
from our current private Developer Preview testing with selected beta teste=
rs, to a broader community release.

    


    
Stay tuned for the upcoming announcement, and in the meantime, have a look =
a the demos and some enthusiastic messages from beta testers:

    



    
Activities:

    

    

    

    



    

    Native Support for Windows in opam 2.2 (W5)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @rjbou (OCamlPro), @kit-ty-kate (Ahrefs), @dra27 (Ta=
rides), @AltGr (OCamlPro)

    


    
Synopsis: Releasing opam 2.2 with native Windows support to enhance =
OCaml's viability on Windows, making the official opam-repository usable on Windows and encouraging more Windows-friendly packages.

    


    
Summary:

    


    
The release of opam 2.2.0, announced on Discuss early July, marks a significan=
t milestone for the OCaml ecosystem. This version brings native support for=
 both the opam client and compiler packages in opam-repository=
 on Windows, opening new possibilities for OCaml development on this platfo=
rm.

    


    
opam 2.2.0 officially supports Cygwin and is compatible with MSYS2. Windows=
 users can now run opam init in their preferred console for a =
guided setup, resulting in a fully functional OCaml environment. This relea=
se represents the culmination of a multi-year effort involving extens=
ive contributions from the community.

    


    
The OCaml ecosystem is already adapting to this new capability. A CI check for Windo=
ws compilation has been added to opam-repository, and the GitHub Action ocaml=
/setup-ocaml now uses opam 2.2.0, facilitating OCaml development on Win=
dows in GitHub projects.

    


    
Community members are actively working to improve Windows compatibility acr=
oss the ecosystem. Notable efforts include Hugo Heuzard's work on OCamlBuild and several other Windows-related PRs.

    


    
We encourage package authors to set up Windows CI for their projects and ad=
dress Windows-related issues. This collective effort will be crucial in exp=
anding OCaml's reach and usability on the Windows platform.

    


    
Activities:

    



    

    


    

    Upgrading OCaml Package Documentation with Odoc 3.=
0 (W25)
    

    

    
Contributed by: @jonludlam (Tarides), @julow (Tarides), @panglesd (T=
arides), @EmileTrotignon (Tarides), Luke Maurer (Jane Street)

    


    
Synopsis: Upgrading OCaml package documentation experience with odoc=
 3, featuring improved navigation, cross-package referencing, media support=
, and more. This upgrade aims to improve the documentation experience both =
locally and on OCaml.org, encouraging higher-quality package documentation.

    


    
Summary:

    


    
Following the completion and community review of the RFCs for odoc 3.0, we'=
ve made significant strides in implementing the new design and features. Ou=
r progress over the past few months has brought us close to a complete impl=
ementation of the odoc 3.0 feature set. As we finalize development and appr=
oach the first release, our focus is shifting towards integration with the =
rest of the ecosystem.

    


    
Key Developments in the past months include:

    


      

    • Adding new options to the odoc CLI to begin the implementa=
tion of the odoc 3 CLI
      • 

    • Implementing new syntax such as path-references
      • 

    • Developing the global sidebar with a TOC featuring standalone pages and=
 package module hierarchy
      • 

    


    
As we near completion of the core odoc 3.0 feature set, our focus is shifti=
ng towards finalizing integration with Dune and the OCaml.org documentation=
 pipeline. We're excited to get all of these improvements in your hands and=
 get your feedback on the new documentation experience. Stay tuned for anno=
uncements regarding testing opportunities and the upcoming release of odoc =
3.0!

    


    
Activities:

    



    

    


    

    Project-Wide References in OCaml Editors (W19)=

    

    

    
Contributed by: @vds (Tarides)

    


    
Synopsis: Introducing project-wide reference features in Merlin and =
OCaml LSP to enhance code navigation and refactoring capabilities, bringing=
 OCaml's editor experience in line with other modern programming languages.

    


    
Summary:

    


    
As announced in June, Merlin project-wide references =
is now available in Merlin 5.1 and the preview of OCaml LSP 1.18.0. Users o=
f LSP-powered editors (like VSCode with the OCaml Platform extension) and c=
lassic Emacs and Vim plugins can now query project-wide references of OCaml=
 terms. This requires building the index with the new Dune alias @oca=
ml-index.

    


    
This release represents the culmination of a multiyear effort by the Merlin=
 team, including extensive work on the compiler to provide the necessary in=
formation for implementing this feature in Merlin.

    


    
We're thrilled to share this feature with the community and look forward to=
 your feedback.

    


    
While the feature should work well in most cases, we're aware of some limit=
ations. Our next steps include adding support for interface files and modul=
e paths. Stay tuned!

    


    
Activities:

    



    

    


    

    Bridging the Gap Between Merlin and OCaml LSP (W19)=

    

    

    
Contributed by: @xvw (Tarides), @vds (Tarides)

    


    
Synopsis: Working towards feature parity between Merlin and OCaml LS=
P to provide a consistent, feature-rich development experience across all e=
ditors, making OCaml LSP the comprehensive backend for OCaml editor support.

    


    
Summary:

    


    
In June, we started work on bridging the gap between OCaml LSP and Merlin. =
We've started with exposing Merlin's type-enclosing request in OCaml LSP. T=
he feature is now available as ocamllsp/typeEnclosing and we w=
ill work on editor integration next.

    


    
As a reminder, Merlin's type-enclosing feature allows users to=
 get the type of the identifier under the cursor. It highlights the identif=
ier and displays its type. Users can climb the typed-tree to display the ty=
pe of larger expressions surrounding the cursor.

    


    
Since June, we=E2=80=99ve worked on a number of new LSP queries and code ac=
tions, including:

    

      

    • A custom ocamllsp/getDocumentation query to request the odoc documentation
      • 

    • A custom ocamllsp/construct query to browse and fill typed=
 holes (_)
      • 

    • A code-action for syntactic and semantic movement shortcuts based on Me=
rlin's Jump command
      • 

    


    
Activities

    



    

    

    

    





    

    First alpha release of OCaml 5.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-alpha-release-of-ocaml-5=
-3-0/15315/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Four months after the release of OCaml 5.2.0, the set of new features for t=
he future version 5.3.0 of OCaml has been frozen. We are thus happy to anno=
unce the first alpha release for OCaml 5.3.0.

    


    
This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our bug =
hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the installation instr=
uctions). More information about the whole release process is now available=
 in the compiler repository.

    


    
The progresses on stabilizing the ecosystem are tracked on the opam readiness for 5.=
3.0 meta-issue.

    


    
The full release is expected around November, see the new prospective c=
alendar for more information.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested in the ongoing list of new features and bug fixes, th=
e updated change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available on GitHub.

    

    



    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.3.0~alpha1

    


    
The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

    



    


      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      


      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.3.0~alpha1+options =
<option_list>

      


      
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

      


      opam switch create 5.3.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.3.0~alpha1+op=
tions ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      


      
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    Ascend - Dungeon RPG for your terminal
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ascend-dungeon-rpg-f=
or-your-terminal/15319/1

    

    


    

    eir announced
    

    

    
Announcing the first release of ascend!

    


    
Venture into the depths to retrieve the stolen artifact, and hopefully esca=
pe with your life…
NetHack lite.

    


    
Get it via:

    

    opam install ascend
ascend

    


    
Rievax the Revelator is recruiting you for some "manual testing".

    

    

    

    





    

    first release of ppx_deriving_jsonschema
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of=
-ppx-deriving-jsonschema/15320/1

    

    


    

    Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the first release of ppx_deriving_jsonschema. Source =
repo is http=
s://github.com/ahrefs/ppx_deriving_jsonschema/

    


    
This small ppx should help you generate a (hopefully valid) json schema fro=
m an ocaml type.=20

    


    
Generally the derivation tries to produce a schema which looks natural, and=
 that would also be compatible with the existing derivers for json out ther=
e. Basically you should be able to change the annotation to [@@derivi=
ng jsonschema, yojson] (or json instead of yojson=
) and to read/write json values that are matching the schema. There =
is a bit of tension on things like variants, which are represented as array=
s by ppx_yojson_conv and ppx_deriving_yojson, but represented as enums by p=
px_deriving_jsonschema. I plan to add a way to switch between the two behav=
iors soon.

    


    

    type address =3D {
  street: string;
  city: string;
  zip: string;
} [@@deriving jsonschema]

type t =3D {
  name: string;
  age: int;
  email: string option;
  address: address;
} [@@deriving jsonschema]

let schema =3D Ppx_=
deriving_jsonschema_runtime.json_schema t_jsonschema

    

    


    
Will be turned into this schema

    

    

    {
  "$schema": "https://json-schema.org/draft/2020-12/schema",
  "type": "object",
  "properties": {
    "address": {
      "type": "object",
      "properties": {
        "zip": { "type": "string" },
        "city": { "type": "string" },
        "street": { "type": "string" }
      },
      "required": [ "zip", "city", "street" ]
    },
    "email": { "type": "string" },
    "age": { "type": "integer" },
    "name": { "type": "string" }
  },
  "required": [ "address", "age", "name" ]
}

    

    


    
Some more advanced functionalities are documented in the readme.

    


    
Please let me know if you see any important feature missing, if there are b=
ugs, or if you have ideas of improvements.

    


    
This project was originally started during a Ahrefs dojo, in parallel to th=
e ICFP conference in Milan, as a way to learn how to write a ppx. I can't r=
ecommend enough https://github.com/pedrobslisboa/ppx-by-example to get going.

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.3.0~alpha1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-3-0-alpha1/15325/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
As mentioned in our talk at the OCaml Workshop 2024, we de=
cided to switch to a time-based release cycle (every 6 months), starting wi=
th opam 2.3.

    


    
As promised, we are happy to announce the first alpha release of opam 2.3.0.

    

    


    

    What's new?
    

    

      

    • When loading a repository, opam now ignores files in packages' files/ directories which aren't listed in the extra-files field of the opam file. :warning: If you maintain an opam repositor=
y, please read our blog post to make sure your repository stays compatible.
      • 

    • Packages requiring an unsupported version of opam are now marked una=
vailable, instead of causing a repository error. This means an opam rep=
ository can now allow smoother upgrade in the future
      • 

    • opam list --latests-only: a new option to list only=
 the latest versions of packages
      • 

    • --verbose-on: a new option to enable verbose output=
 for specified package names.
      • 

    • opam switch import --deps-only: a new option to ins=
tall only the dependencies of the root packages listed in the opam switch e=
xport file
      • 

    • opam switch list-available will now not display com=
pilers flagged with avoid-version~/~deprecated unless --=
all is given, meaning that the "trunk" build of OCaml no longer appe=
ars to be the latest version
      • 

    • The builtin-0install solver was improved and should=
 now be capable of being your default solver instead of builtin-mccs+=
glpk. If you wish to give it a try, simply call opam option so=
lver=3Dbuiltin-0install
      • 

    • Most of the unhelpful conflict messages were fixed :flashlight:<=
/li>

    


    
Various performance and other improvements were made and bugs were fixed.
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and mor=
e, and for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog=
.

    

    

    


    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ocaml/opam/ma=
ster/shell/install.sh) --version 2.3.0~alpha1"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://raw.githubuserconten=
t.com/ocaml/opam/master/shell/install.ps1) } -Version 2.3.0~alpha1"

    


    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
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--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 24 to
October 01, 2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Dune Developer Preview Updates
Uuidm 0.9.9
first release of ppx_deriving_jsonschema
Bogue, the OCaml GUI
New release of Merlin
Releases of mirage-crypto 1.0.0, tls 1.0.0, x509 1.0.0, asn1-combinators 0.=
3.0, let's encrypt 1.0.0, awa 0.4.0, kdf 1.0.0, paf 0.7.0, git 3.17.0
ICFP 2023 OCaml Presentations on YouTube
Dune dev meeting
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Dune Developer Preview Updates
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


ostera announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello folks! :wave:


Call for Feedback
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  We'd like to welcome everyone to try and play with the [Dune Developer
  Preview]! :tada:

  This experimental nightly release of dune includes a lot of
  improvements, including the much expected package management features,
  and it can be installed from that website or by using the new
  installation script:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ curl https://dune.ci.dev/install | bash
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In a few seconds you should be ready to OCaml by calling `dune' =E2=80=93=
 you
  can watch a demo of this here: [X], [Mastodon].

  Please try it out and let us know what you think :pray:

  :calendar: You can book a feedback call with us [here]

  :memo: You can submit feedback using [this form]

  :bug: You can submit issues to Github on [ocaml/dune]


[Dune Developer Preview] 

[X] 

[Mastodon] 

[here]


[this form]


[ocaml/dune] 


Changes since last update
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The Dune shared cache has been enabled by default. We're starting off
  by caching all downloads and dependencies.

  We have improved support for dev tools. We're working to streamline
  this but in the latest binary you can:

  =E2=80=A2 Configure your LSP (in Neovim, Vim, Emacs, etc) to call `dune t=
ools
    exec ocamllsp' to get LSP support for your projects out of the box =E2=
=80=93
    this may take a little bit the first time it builds the LSP for a
    compiler version, but its pretty much instant afterwards.
  =E2=80=A2 Call `dune fmt' to get your project formatted =E2=80=93 remembe=
r to add an
    `.ocamlformat' file if you don't have one yet. An empty one is
    enough.
  =E2=80=A2 Call `dune ocaml doc' to get documentation built


What's next?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We're looking forward to streamlining the DX, working on better
  dependency locks, and looking into supporting Windows.

  In particular, we're considering work on a few things:

  =E2=80=A2 `dune create ' =E2=80=93 to let the community create temp=
lates that
    can be easily used from within dune
  =E2=80=A2 `dune pkg fetch' =E2=80=93 to prefetch packages and prepare a r=
epository for
    working in offline mode
  =E2=80=A2 `dune build @deps' - to build all dependencies, useful for stag=
ed
    builds in Dockerfiles
  =E2=80=A2 `dune pkg add ' - to make adding packages straightforward
  =E2=80=A2 a short-hand syntax for pins on github
  =E2=80=A2 and more!

  If you've got any ideas, we'd love to hear them, so please open a
  feature request on Github :pray:


Other updates
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A FunOCaml Presentation

  At *FunOCaml* we had a last-minute opportunity to present the work
  being done on Dune and we used it to introduce the Developer Preview
  to the community, and even tested Package Management live with
  suggestions from the audience (thanks @anmonteiro and Paul-Elliot for
  participating!) =E2=80=93 you can [watch it on Twitch].


  [watch it on Twitch]
  


=E2=97=8A New design

  We're working with @Claire_Vandenberghe on redesigning the Developer
  Preview website so that it'd feel like a seamless extension of
  OCaml.org =E2=80=93 in this current iteration we've made it easier to get
  started and we're putting the FAQ front and center.

  We'll be iterating on this design in the coming weeks until it fits
  perfectly within the OCaml.org design system :art:

  You can check the new website here: 


=E2=97=8A Upcoming Blog posts

  In the near future we'll be publishing blog posts about the Developer
  Preview and Package Management, which we're working on with
  @professor.rose :clap:


Uuidm 0.9.9
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  There's a new release of [Uuidm], a library to handle universally
  unique identifiers (UUIDs).

  This very old module has been slightly renovated implying a few
  deprecations, a [quick start] has been added to the docs and foremost
  new constructors and generators were added to support the latest [RFC
  9562] V7 time and random based UUID definitions; thanks to `xen-api'
  folks for getting the ball rolling on this. See the [release notes]
  for the details.

  =E2=80=A2 Docs: [online] or `odig doc uuidm'
  =E2=80=A2 Install: `opam install uuidm' ([PR])

  A big thanks to my [donors].


[Uuidm] 

[quick start] 

[RFC 9562] 

[release notes]


[online] 

[PR] 

[donors] 


first release of ppx_deriving_jsonschema
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Released 0.0.2 on opam. It feels like the project is in a good shape
  now.

  Changes:
  =E2=80=A2 support for nativeint, bytes, ref, unit
  =E2=80=A2 add ~variant_as_array for compatibility with ppx_deriving_yojson
  =E2=80=A2 support variant payloads
  =E2=80=A2 support polymorphic variants inheritance
  =E2=80=A2 fix encoding of tuples
  =E2=80=A2 change encoding of variants from enum to anyOf

  I'm considering making `variant_as_array' the default in 0.0.3 as it
  would be more consistent with the ocaml ecosystem.


Bogue, the OCaml GUI
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


sanette announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I'm happy to announce a brand new version of [Bogue], version
  20240928, now availble on `opam'.

  Changes are mostly under the hood. We have nice improvements by @edwin
  : automatic monitor vsync is now enabled by default, for smoother
  animations, and most importantly *we finally align with the latest
  version of `tsdl'*. It will simplify maintenance, but it also implies
  that *too old versions of SDL will not work anymore*. On the other
  hand we were kind of obliged to move forward, because `tsdl.0.9.8'
  won't install on `ocaml 5.2'.

  =E2=80=A2 if you're on Ubuntu 20.04, installing Bogue with `opam install
    bogue' will by default pull `tsdl.1.1.0' in, which requires SDL >=3D
    2.0.18, not shipped by the OS. A workaround is to explicitly require
    `opam install tsdl.1.0.0' (or manually installing a newer SDL)
  =E2=80=A2 if your OS ships SDL < 2.0.10 you have no other choice than man=
ually
    installing a newer [SDL] (which is not that complicated)

  Happy bogue-ing!


[Bogue] 

[SDL] 


New release of Merlin
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


vds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am very pleased to announce a new release of Merlin for OCaml 5.2,
  5.1 and 4.14. This release brings a handful of fixes but also a
  handful of of new commands:

  =E2=80=A2 `signature_help' and `inlay_hint' have been upstreamed from
    `ocaml-lsp-server'
  =E2=80=A2 `expand_node' a command to get the ppxed-source when called on
    relevant annotations
  =E2=80=A2 =F0=9F=95=B5=EF=B8=8F=E2=80=8D=E2=99=80=EF=B8=8F `search-by-typ=
e' a [sherlodoc]-inspired syntax to search for
    values in the environment, that superseeds `polarity-search'.

  Only `search-by-type' has an Emacs binding right now (and one for vim
  on is [in the works]), we hope to have some time to work on more
  client implementations in the near future.

  [demo1]

  [demo2]


[sherlodoc] 

[in the works] 

[demo1]


[demo2]


Complete changelog:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Fri Sep 27 12:02:42 CEST 2024

  =E2=81=83 merlin binary
    =E2=80=A2 A new `WRAPPING_PREFIX' configuration directive that can be u=
sed
      to tell Merlin what to append to the current unit name in the
      presence of wrapping (ocaml/merlin#1788)
    =E2=80=A2 Add `-unboxed-types' and `-no-unboxed-types' as ocaml ignored
      flags (ocaml/merlin#1795, fixes ocaml/merlin#1794)
    =E2=80=A2 destruct: Refinement in the presence of optional arguments
      (ocaml/merlin#1800 ocaml/merlin#1807, fixes ocaml/merlin#1770)
    =E2=80=A2 Implement new expand-node command for expanding PPX annotatio=
ns
      (ocaml/merlin#1745)
    =E2=80=A2 Implement new inlay-hints command for adding hints on a sourc=
etree
      (ocaml/merlin#1812)
    =E2=80=A2 Implement new search-by-type command for searching values by =
types
      (ocaml/merlin#1828)
    =E2=80=A2 Canonicalize paths in occurrences. This helps deduplicate the
      results and show more user-friendly paths. (ocaml/merlin#1840)
    =E2=80=A2 Fix dot-merlin-reader ignoring `SOURCE_ROOT' and `STDLIB'
      directives (ocaml/merlin#1839, ocaml/merlin#1803)
  =E2=81=83 editor modes
    =E2=80=A2 vim: fix python-3.12 syntax warnings in merlin.py
      (ocaml/merlin#1798)
    =E2=80=A2 vim: Dead code / doc removal for previously deleted MerlinPhr=
ase
      command (ocaml/merlin#1804)
    =E2=80=A2 emacs: Improve the way that result of polarity search is disp=
layed
      (ocaml/merlin#1814)
    =E2=80=A2 emacs: Add `merlin-search-by-type', `merlin-search-by-polarit=
y'
      and change the behaviour of `merlin-search' to switch between
      `by-type' or `by-polarity' depending on the query
      (ocaml/merlin#1828)

  cc @xvw @PizieDust


Releases of mirage-crypto 1.0.0, tls 1.0.0, x509 1.0.0, asn1-combinators 0.=
3.0, let's encrypt 1.0.0, awa 0.4.0, kdf 1.0.0, paf 0.7.0, git 3.17.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear OCaml developers,

  we're pleased to finally release a full stack of packages that do not
  rely on Cstruct.t/Bigarray, but use string / bytes instead. This
  brings us a massive performance boost (e.g. a factor of 3 in tls), and
  brings a easier to comprehend API. It also makes performance tooling
  work much more smoothly with our released packages. We announced this
  upcoming change earlier this year
  

  For further details, please see the specific release pages:
  =E2=80=A2 [mirage-crypto 1.0.0] (also [1.0.1], and [1.1.0]) - cryptograph=
ic
    operations in OCaml (symmetric ciphers, asymmetric ciphers (RSA,
    DSA, DH), fortuna (a cryptographic secure pseudo random number
    generator), elliptic curves (from [fiat-crypto]) =E2=80=93 the hash
    algorithms have been removed - use [digestif] instead
  =E2=80=A2 [tls 1.0.0] (also [1.0.1], [1.0.2], and [1.0.3]) - a Transport =
layer
    security implementation (HTTPS) in OCaml, supporting TLS 1.0, 1.1,
    1.2, and 1.3
  =E2=80=A2 [x509 1.0.0] (also [1.0.1], [1.0.2], [1.0.3], and [1.0.4]) - X5=
09
    certificates (signing requests, certificate revocation lists,
    PKCS12)
  =E2=80=A2 [asn1-combinators 0.3.0] (also [0.3.1] and [0.3.2]) - ASN.1 par=
ser
    combinators
  =E2=80=A2 [let's encrypt 1.0.0] - a client for  -
    automated TLS certificate issuance
  =E2=80=A2 [awa 0.4.0] - a SSH client and server implementation
  =E2=80=A2 [kdf 1.0.0] - supporting different key derivation functions: hk=
df
    (used in TLS), PBKDF2, SCRYPT
  =E2=80=A2 [paf 0.7.0] - protocol-agnostic client (http / http2)
  =E2=80=A2 [git 3.17.0] - an implementation of the version control system =
git
    
  =E2=80=A2 [dns 9.0.0] (also [9.0.1]) - an implementation of the domain na=
me
    system

  As you can envision, there was a lot of coordination and releasing
  involved in preparing these API-breaking changes. The list above
  likely misses various packages that have been released to support the
  new mirage-crypto and tls API.

  There have already been various issues reported and fixed in the
  subsequent minor releases. We encourage you to upgrade your software
  stack to the new release series, and report issues while you encounter
  them (being it API questions, or correctness issues). Earlier releases
  are not maintained anymore (due to lack of interest and lack of time),
  thus if you encounter issues in earlier releases, please first update
  to the most recent releases (although this may need some effort =E2=80=93=
 a PR
  that uses the packages heavily is
  ). If you're stuck
  or lack time to port your code to the new API, we at robur offer
  commercial support in upgrading your codebase. Reach out to us via
  email: team@robur.coop.

  This work has been conducted by the [robur collective]. Parts of this
  work was sponsored by Tarides.


[mirage-crypto 1.0.0]


[1.0.1] 

[1.1.0] 

[fiat-crypto] 

[digestif] 

[tls 1.0.0] 

[1.0.1] 

[1.0.2] 

[1.0.3] 

[x509 1.0.0] 

[1.0.1] 

[1.0.2] 

[1.0.3] 

[1.0.4] 

[asn1-combinators 0.3.0]


[0.3.1]


[0.3.2]


[let's encrypt 1.0.0]


[awa 0.4.0] 

[kdf 1.0.0] 

[paf 0.7.0]


[git 3.17.0] 

[dns 9.0.0] 

[9.0.1] 

[robur collective] 


ICFP 2023 OCaml Presentations on YouTube
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  After a respectable pause, I've now imported these videos into the
  Watch.OCaml.org instance so we have a non-YouTube mirror. They're up
  on the [OCaml Workshop 2023 channel] now. Enjoy your ad-free viewing!
  :slight_smile:


[OCaml Workshop 2023 channel]



Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi Dune enthusiasts!  :camel:

  We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting tomorrow, on *Wednesday,
  October, 2nd at 16:00 CET*. As usual, the session will be one hour
  long.

  Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or
  just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened!
  The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the
  ongoing work together and synchronise between the Dune developers
  :smile:


:calendar: Agenda
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  The agenda is available on the [meeting dedicated page ]. Feel free to
  ask if you want to add more items in it.


[meeting dedicated page ]



:computer: Links
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Meeting link: [zoom ]
  =E2=80=A2 Calendar event: [google calendar ]
  =E2=80=A2 Wiki with information and previous notes: [GitHub Wiki ]


[zoom ]


[google calendar ]


[GitHub Wiki ] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Modern DSL compiler architecture in OCaml our exper=
ience
    with Catala]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Eio 1.0 =E2=80=93 Effects-based IO for OCaml 5]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Less Power for More Learning: Restricting OCaml Fea=
tures
    for Effective Teaching]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Efficient OCaml compilation with Flambda 2]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Buck2 for OCaml Users & Developers]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Parallel Sequences in Multicore OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Building a lock-free STM for OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] MetaOCaml Theory and Implementation]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Osiris: an Iris-based program logic for OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] State of the OCaml Platform 2023]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Owi: an interpreter and a toolkit for WebAssembly
    written in OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [[OCaML'23] Targeted Static Analysis for OCaml C Stubs: Elimina=
ting
    gremlins from the code]
  =E2=80=A2 [Introducing Dune: The Essential Build System for OCaml Develop=
ers]
  =E2=80=A2 [Summer of Internships: Projects From the OCaml Compiler Team]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[[OCaML'23] Modern DSL compiler architecture in OCaml our experience
with Catala] 

[[OCaML'23] Eio 1.0 =E2=80=93 Effects-based IO for OCaml 5]


[[OCaML'23] Less Power for More Learning: Restricting OCaml Features for
Effective Teaching] 

[[OCaML'23] Efficient OCaml compilation with Flambda 2]


[[OCaML'23] Buck2 for OCaml Users & Developers]


[[OCaML'23] Parallel Sequences in Multicore OCaml]


[[OCaML'23] Building a lock-free STM for OCaml]


[[OCaML'23] MetaOCaml Theory and Implementation]


[[OCaML'23] Osiris: an Iris-based program logic for OCaml]


[[OCaML'23] State of the OCaml Platform 2023]


[[OCaML'23] Owi: an interpreter and a toolkit for WebAssembly written in
OCaml] 

[[OCaML'23] Targeted Static Analysis for OCaml C Stubs: Eliminating
gremlins from the code]


[Introducing Dune: The Essential Build System for OCaml Developers]


[Summer of Internships: Projects From the OCaml Compiler Team]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 24 to Octob=
er 01, 2024.

    





    

    Dune Developer Preview Updates
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-developer-preview-upd=
ates/15160/7

    

    


    

    ostera announced
    

    

    
Hello folks! :wave:=20

    

    


    

    Call for Feedback
    

    

    
We'd like to welcome everyone to try and play with the Dune Developer Preview! :tada:=20

    


    
This experimental nightly release of dune includes a lot of improvements, i=
ncluding the much expected package management features, and it can be insta=
lled from that website or by using the new installation script:

    


    $ curl https://dune.ci.dev/install | bash

    


    
In a few seconds you should be ready to OCaml by calling dune =
=E2=80=93 you can watch a demo of this here: X, Mastodon.

    


    
Please try it out and let us know what you think :pray:=20

    


    
:calendar: You can book a feedback call with us here

    


    
:memo:  You can submit feedback using this form

    


    
:bug:  You can submit issues to Github on ocaml/dune

    

    

    


    

    Changes since last update
    

    

    
The Dune shared cache has been enabled by default. We're starting off by ca=
ching all downloads and dependencies.

    


    
We have improved support for dev tools. We're working to streamline this bu=
t in the latest binary you can:

    


      

    • Configure your LSP (in Neovim, Vim, Emacs, etc) to call dune tool=
s exec ocamllsp to get LSP support for your projects out of the box =
=E2=80=93 this may take a little bit the first time it builds the LSP for a=
 compiler version, but its pretty much instant afterwards.
      • 

    • Call dune fmt to get your project formatted =E2=80=93 reme=
mber to add an .ocamlformat file if you don't have one yet. An=
 empty one is enough.
      • 

    • Call dune ocaml doc to get documentation built
      • 

    

    

    


    

    What's next?
    

    

    
We're looking forward to streamlining the DX, working on better dependency =
locks, and looking into supporting Windows.

    


    
In particular, we're considering work on a few things:

    


      

    • dune create <repo> =E2=80=93 to let the community cr=
eate templates that can be easily used from within dune
      • 

    • dune pkg fetch =E2=80=93 to prefetch packages and prepare =
a repository for working in offline mode
      • 

    • dune build @deps - to build all dependencies, useful for s=
taged builds in Dockerfiles
      • 

    • dune pkg add <name> - to make adding packages straig=
htforward
      • 

    • a short-hand syntax for pins on github
      • 

    • and more!
      • 

    


    
If you've got any ideas, we'd love to hear them, so please open a feature r=
equest on Github :pray:=20

    

    

    


    

    Other updates
    

    

    

      

    • FunOCaml Presentation
      

      

      
At FunOCaml we had a last-minute opportunity to present the work bei=
ng done on Dune and we used it to introduce the Developer Preview to the co=
mmunity, and even tested Package Management live with suggestions from the =
audience (thanks @anmonteiro and Paul-Elliot for participating!) =E2=80=93 =
you can w=
atch it on Twitch.

      

      

      • 


    • New design
      

      

      
We're working with @Claire_Vandenberghe on redesigning the Developer Previe=
w website so that it'd feel like a seamless extension of OCaml.org =E2=80=
=93 in this current iteration we've made it easier to get started and we're=
 putting the FAQ front and center.

      


      
We'll be iterating on this design in the coming weeks until it fits perfect=
ly within the OCaml.org design system :art:=20

      


      
You can check the new website here: https:/=
/dune.ci.dev=20

      

      

      • 


    • Upcoming Blog posts
      

      

      
In the near future we'll be publishing blog posts about the Developer Previ=
ew and Package Management, which we're working on with @professor.rose :cla=
p:

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    Uuidm 0.9.9
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-uuidm-0-9-9/15336/1

    

    


    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
There's a new release of Uu=
idm, a library to handle universally unique identifiers (UUIDs).

    


    
This very old module has been slightly renovated implying a few deprecation=
s, a  quick star=
t has been added to the docs and foremost new constructors and generato=
rs were added to support the latest RFC 9562 V7 time and random based UUID definitions; thanks =
to xen-api folks for getting the ball rolling on this. See the=
 release notes for the details.=20

    


      

    • Docs: online o=
r odig doc uuidm
      • 

    • Install: opam install uuidm (PR)
      • 

    


    
A big thanks to my donors<=
/a>.

    

    

    

    





    

    first release of ppx_deriving_jsonschema
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of=
-ppx-deriving-jsonschema/15320/2

    

    


    

    Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
Released 0.0.2 on opam. It feels like the project is in a good shape now.

    


    
Changes:

    

      

    • support for nativeint, bytes, ref, unit
      • 

    • add ~variant_as_array for compatibility with ppx_deriving_yojson
      • 

    • support variant payloads
      • 

    • support polymorphic variants inheritance
      • 

    • fix encoding of tuples
      • 

    • change encoding of variants from enum to anyOf
      • 

    


    
I'm considering making variant_as_array the default in 0.0.3 a=
s it would be more consistent with the ocaml ecosystem.

    

    

    

    





    

    Bogue, the OCaml GUI
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bogue-the-ocaml-gui/9099/62

    

    


    

    sanette announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce a brand new version of Bogue, version 20240928, now availble on opam.

    


    
Changes are mostly under the hood. We have nice improvements by @edwin : au=
tomatic monitor vsync is now enabled by default, for smoother animations, a=
nd most importantly we finally align with the latest version of ts=
dl. It will simplify maintenance, but it also implies that to=
o old versions of SDL will not work anymore. On the other hand we were =
kind of obliged to move forward, because tsdl.0.9.8 won't inst=
all on ocaml 5.2.

    


      

    • if you're on Ubuntu 20.04, installing Bogue with opam install bog=
ue will by default pull tsdl.1.1.0 in, which requires S=
DL >=3D 2.0.18, not shipped by the OS. A workaround is to explicitly req=
uire opam install tsdl.1.0.0 (or manually installing a newer S=
DL)
      • 

    • if your OS ships SDL < 2.0.10 you have no other choice than manually=
 installing a newer SDL (which is not that complicated)
      • 

    


    
Happy bogue-ing!

    

    

    

    





    

    New release of Merlin
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-merlin/15358/1

    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
I am very pleased to announce a new release of Merlin for OCaml 5.2, 5.1 an=
d 4.14. This release brings a handful of fixes but also a handful of of new=
 commands:=20

    


      

    • signature_help and inlay_hint have been upstr=
eamed from ocaml-lsp-server
      • 

    • expand_node a command to get the ppxed-source when called =
on relevant annotations
      • 

    • =F0=9F=95=B5=EF=B8=8F=E2=80=8D=E2=99=80=EF=B8=8F search-by-type a sherlodoc-inspired synt=
ax to search for values in the environment, that superseeds polarity-=
search.
      • 

    


    
Only search-by-type has an Emacs binding right now (and one fo=
r vim on is in the wo=
rks), we hope to have some time to work on more client implementations =
in the near future.

    


    
demo1

    


    
demo2

    

    


    

    Complete changelog:
    

    

    
Fri Sep 27 12:02:42 CEST 2024

    


      

    • merlin binary

        

      • A new WRAPPING_PREFIX configuration directive that can be =
used to tell Merlin
what to append to the current unit name in the presence of wrapping (ocaml/=
merlin#1788)
        • 

      • Add -unboxed-types and -no-unboxed-types as o=
caml ignored flags (ocaml/merlin#1795, fixes ocaml/merlin#1794)
        • 

      • destruct: Refinement in the presence of optional arguments (ocaml/merli=
n#1800 ocaml/merlin#1807, fixes ocaml/merlin#1770)
        • 

      • Implement new expand-node command for expanding PPX annotations (ocaml/=
merlin#1745)
        • 

      • Implement new inlay-hints command for adding hints on a sourcetree (oca=
ml/merlin#1812)
        • 

      • Implement new search-by-type command for searching values by types (oca=
ml/merlin#1828)
        • 

      • Canonicalize paths in occurrences. This helps deduplicate the results a=
nd
show more user-friendly paths. (ocaml/merlin#1840)
        • 

      • Fix dot-merlin-reader ignoring SOURCE_ROOT and STDLI=
B directives
(ocaml/merlin#1839, ocaml/merlin#1803)
        • 

      • 

    • editor modes

        

      • vim: fix python-3.12 syntax warnings in merlin.py (ocaml/merlin#1798)

      • vim: Dead code / doc removal for previously deleted MerlinPhrase comman=
d (ocaml/merlin#1804)
        • 

      • emacs: Improve the way that result of polarity search is displayed (oca=
ml/merlin#1814)
        • 

      • emacs: Add merlin-search-by-type, merlin-search-by-p=
olarity and change the
behaviour of merlin-search to switch between by-type or by-polarity
depending on the query (ocaml/merlin#1828)
        • 

      • 

    


    
cc @xvw @PizieDust

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Releases of mirage-crypto 1.0.0, tls 1.0.0, x509 1.0.0, asn1-c=
ombinators 0.3.0, let's encrypt 1.0.0, awa 0.4.0, kdf 1.0.0, paf 0.7.0, git=
 3.17.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rele=
ases-of-mirage-crypto-1-0-0-tls-1-0-0-x509-1-0-0-asn1-combinators-0-3-0-let=
s-encrypt-1-0-0-awa-0-4-0-kdf-1-0-0-paf-0-7-0-git-3-17-0/15359/1

    

    


    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml developers,

    


    
we're pleased to finally release a full stack of packages that do not rely =
on Cstruct.t/Bigarray, but use string / bytes instead. This brings us a mas=
sive performance boost (e.g. a factor of 3 in tls), and brings a easier to =
comprehend API. It also makes performance tooling work much more smoothly w=
ith our released packages. We announced this upcoming change earlier this y=
ear https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mirage-crypto-0-11-3-with-more-speed-for-ellipti=
c-curves-and-the-future-roadmap-of-mirage-crypto

    


    
For further details, please see the specific release pages:

    



    
As you can envision, there was a lot of coordination and releasing involved=
 in preparing these API-breaking changes. The list above likely misses vari=
ous packages that have been released to support the new mirage-crypto and t=
ls API.

    


    
There have already been various issues reported and fixed in the subsequent=
 minor releases. We encourage you to upgrade your software stack to the new=
 release series, and report issues while you encounter them (being it API q=
uestions, or correctness issues). Earlier releases are not maintained anymo=
re (due to lack of interest and lack of time), thus if you encounter issues=
 in earlier releases, please first update to the most recent releases (alth=
ough this may need some effort – a PR that uses the packages heavily=
 is https://gi=
thub.com/robur-coop/miragevpn/pull/279). If you're stuck or lack time t=
o port your code to the new API, we at robur offer commercial support in up=
grading your codebase. Reach out to us via email: team@robur.coop.

    


    
This work has been conducted by the robur co=
llective. Parts of this work was sponsored by Tarides.

    

    

    

    





    

    ICFP 2023 OCaml Presentations on YouTube
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-icfp-2023-ocaml-=
presentations-on-youtube/13554/2

    

    


    

    Anil Madhavapeddy announced
    

    

    
After a respectable pause, I've now imported these videos into the Watch.OC=
aml.org instance so we have a non-YouTube mirror. They're up on the OCaml Workshop 2023 c=
hannel now. Enjoy your ad-free viewing! :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/12

    

    


    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi Dune enthusiasts!  :camel:=20=20

    


    
We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting tomorrow, on Wednesday, Octobe=
r, 2nd at 16:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronise between the Dune developers :smile:

    

    


    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page . Feel free to ask if =
you want to add more items in it.

    

    

    


    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 01 to 08, 202=
4.

    





    

    Releases of fpath-sexplib0, fpath-base, loc, file-rewriter, se=
xps-rewriter and provider
    

    

    
Archive: https://d=
iscuss.ocaml.org/t/releases-of-fpath-sexplib0-fpath-base-loc-file-rewriter-=
sexps-rewriter-and-provider/15364/1

    

    


    

    Mathieu Barbin announced
    

    

    
I wanted to announce the initial release of 6 utility packages to the opam-=
repository. They are dependencies to some other ongoing projects I have, pe=
rhaps some will find them useful.

    


    
These are very early days for this software. Please feel welcome to opening=
 issues or discussions tickets if you are inclined.

    


    
Thank you @mseri , @avsm & @shonfeder for your help in making these lib=
raries available!

    


    
Below you'll find short descriptions with links to the packages home pages.=
 Thank you!

    


    
Fpath_sexplib0 only d=
epends on fpath and sexplib0. It defines a single=
 module, Fpath_sexplib0, which is designed to be opened to sha=
dow the Fpath module to add small helpers and a sexp_of<=
/code> serializer to it. The package also introduces three new modules to t=
he scope: Fpart, Absolute_path and Relative=
_path to increase type-safety when manipulating paths that are known=
 to be relative or absolute.

    


    
Fpath_base further ex=
tends fpath-sexplib0 and adds a dependency on base. It is desi=
gned to be compatible with Base-style containers such as Map, =
Set, Hashtbl, Hash_set.

    


    
Loc is an OCaml library to m=
anipulate code locations, which are ranges of lexing positions from a parse=
d file.

    


    
File_rewriter is a=
n OCaml library for applying small rewrites to tweak or refactor your files=
. It provides a convenient interface to apply surgical textual substitution=
s on the fly, while navigating the contents of a file through an abstract r=
epresentation containing code locations.

    


    
Sexps_rewriter is =
a specialized version of the file-rewriter library dedicated t=
o rewriting sexp files, such as dune config files.

    


    
Provider is an OCaml li=
brary for creating Traits and Interfaces. It allows you to define the funct=
ionality needed by a library without committing to a specific implementatio=
n - in essence : dynamic dispatch. Provider is a pattern featured in the Eio project (Eio.Resource). I wanted to make it reu=
sable in other projects - in particular I am currently using it as the para=
metrization story of vcs. This package had already been availa=
ble for a little while already but was still unannounced.

    

    

    

    





    

    Build a project without Stdlib
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/build-a-project-without-stdlib/153=
74/1

    

    


    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
I decided to experiment with compiling a project without the standard libra=
ry. Why? I don't know. But I could save ~50K. Just sharing my note about it.

    


    
You can find an example in my repository.

    


    
I found the -nostdlib and -nopervasives (undocume=
nted) flags and after a lot of trying I was able to do what I wanted. It do=
esn't disable absolutely everything (lists and other types like optio=
n are available).

    


    (flags
  :standard
  -nostdlib
  -nopervasives
  ; add runtime
  -cclib
  -lasmrun
  -ccopt
  "-L %{ocaml_where}"
  -ccopt
  "-lm -ldl")

    


    

    (* stdlib.=
ml *)
external print_endline : string -> unit =3D "caml_print_endline" [@@noalloc]

(* main.ml *)
open Stdlib
let () =3D print_=
endline "hello from my stdlib"

    

    


    
Hello World program:

    


    











    
 
with Stdlib
without Stdlib

    
    


    
size
349K
302K

    
    

    

    

    

    





    

    obatcher: Framework for building efficient concurrent services=

    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/ann-obatcher-framework-for-building-efficient-concurrent-services/15384/1<=
/a>

    

    


    

    Lee Koon Wen announced
    

    

    
Hot on the heels of the paper "Concurrent Data Structures Made=
 Easy" appearing at OOPSLA 2024=
 on the 24th October, I'm pleased to announce release of obatcher - =
a picos compatible library for implementin=
g efficient batched services in OCaml.

    


    
obatcher proposes a new way to approach the design and implem=
entation of concurrent services. It's key benefits are:

    


      

    • Incremental optimization and parallelism of services
      • 

    • Easy to control and reason about concurrency
      • 

    • Retains atomic-style interface with your services while batching happen=
s implicitly
      • 

    • Thread-safety for cheap!
      • 

    


    
Available on opam today, install with

    

    opam install obatcher

    


    
For more details, check out the source and README on GitHub: obatcher.

    


    
Feedback, contributions, and discussions are welcome!

    

    

    

    





    

    DBLP query program and library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dblp-query-program-and-lib=
rary/15385/1

    

    


    

    Samuel Mimram announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce the first realease of ocaml-dblp, which provides both a program and a lib=
rary to query the DBLP bibliographic data=
base. In practice, it is mostly useful for retrieving bibtex entries with c=
ommands such as

    


    dblp bibtex girard locus solum

    


    
which will spit out

    


    

    @article{DBLP:journals/mscs/Girard01,
  author       =3D {Jean{-}Yves Gira=
rd},
  title        =3D {Locus Solum: Fro=
m the rules of logic to the logic of rules},
  journal      =3D {Math. Struct. Co=
mput. Sci.},
  volume       =3D {11},
  number       =3D {3},
  pages        =3D {301--506},
  year         =3D {2001},
  url          =3D {https://doi.org/10.1017/S096012=
950100336X},
  doi          =3D {10.1017/S096012950100336X},
  timestamp    =3D {Wed, 01 Apr 2020=
 08:48:47 +0200},
  biburl       =3D {https://dblp.org=
/rec/journals/mscs/Girard01.bib},
  bibsource    =3D {dblp computer sc=
ience bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

    

    


    
(or, even better, use dblp bib to directly add this at the end=
 of the .bib file in the current directory).

    


    
It might still need some polishing, feel free to reach out if you encounter=
 some problems.

    

    

    

    





    

    cudajit: Bindings to the cuda and nvrtc libraries
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cudajit-=
bindings-to-the-cuda-and-nvrtc-libraries/15010/2

    

    


    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
cudajit 0.5.0 is now available in the opam repository. It's organized into =
modules, and it adds support for CUDA events.

    

    

    

    





    

    YOCaml, a framework for static site generator
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-yocaml-a-fra=
mework-for-static-site-generator/15393/1

    

    


    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
    

    

    
:wave: Hello everyone! We, the YOCaml development team, are very pleased to=
 announce the release of version 2, freshly merged into opam-repository :champagne:!=20

    


    
YOCaml is a framework for describing static site generators (a very =
small applicative build-system whose API is tailor-made for creating web pa=
ges ) and its internal model is very similar to Hakyll (the 3th version), another Haskell framework. (a p=
resentation was given to the OCaml user Group in Paris and you can find the=
 video, in French, here).

    

    


    

    Changes with 1.0.0
    

    

    
Historically, YOCaml was written very, very quickly to give examples of sli=
ghtly exotic uses of the library Preface. Due to its experimental nature, the API was a bit laborious, =
but we did find some users! We took advantage of the redesign to stop relyi=
ng on Preface (and yes, YOCaml was already more widely used than Preface), =
move to OCaml 5.x and take advantage of user-defi=
ned-effects and support dynamic dependencies. In other words, YOCaml=
 2.0.0 is not at all compatible with version 1…

    

    

    


    

    Plugins and runtimes
    

    

    
The aim of YOCaml is to be very generic and to allow users to bring their o=
wn dependencies, but we've taken the opportunity to release it with several=
 plugins and runtimes so that it can be used directly.

    

    


      

    • Runtimes
      

      

      
A Runtime is an =E2=80=98execution context=E2=80=99 and generally exposes t=
he primitive used to execute a YOCaml program. YOCaml 2 is bundled with 3 R=
untimes:

      


        

      • Yocaml_unix: the default runtime, whose preview server is implem=
ented on top of the brand new httpcats!
        • 


      • Yocaml_eio: a runtime iso to Unix but based on eio and whose preview server is descr=
ibed by cohttp_eio.<=
/li>


      • Yocaml_git: a parameterised runtime for generating a site direct=
ly in a git repository, which can be served, for example, by a Mirage (unipi), very well documented in this excellent article by @dinosaure!
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Plugins
      

      

        

      • Yocaml_cmarkit provides a convenient API (via YOCaml) for conver=
ting Markdown files to HTML via the excellent cmarkit library.
        • 


      • Yocaml_omd provides a convenient API (via YOCaml) for converting=
 Markdown files to HTML via the excellent OMD library (but we recommend yocaml_cmarkit).
        • 


      • yocaml_yaml provides a convenient API (via YOCaml) for reading Y=
aml via the excellent library ocaml-yaml
        • 


      • yocaml_otoml provides a convenient API (for YOCaml) for reading =
TOML via the excellent library Otoml
        • 


      • yocaml_mustache provides a convenient API (via YOCaml) for using=
 Mustache as a template languag=
e via the excellent library ocaml-mustache
        • 


      • yocaml_jingoo provides a convenient API (via YOCaml) for using <=
a href=3D"http://tategakibunko.github.io/jingoo/">Jingoo as a template =
language via the excellent library jingoo
        • 


      • yocaml_syndication that gives tool to generate feeds ([Atom](https://en.wikip=
edia.org/wiki/Atom_(web_standard)), RSS 1 and 2 and OPML). The=
 library is inspired by Syndi=
c but does not depend directly on it.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    


    

    A final word
    

    

    
YOCaml 2 was mainly written by xhtm=
lboi, helped by gr-im, mspwn and dinosaure with occasional support from maiste. It has already been used experimentally in a nu=
mber of small projects:

    




    
You will also find extensively documented examples in the examples directory.

    


    
To conclude, we find (not very objectively) that YOCaml is a lot of fun to =
use, and it's very cool to make your site using as much OCaml as possible.=
=20

    


    
Happy Hacking!

    



    

    

    

    





    

    oepub 0.1.0 : A library to parse epub files
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-oepub-0-1-0-a-l=
ibrary-to-parse-epub-files/15394/1

    

    


    

    EruEri announced
    

    

    
I humbly announce oepub a small library to parse epub files and to some ext=
end create a list of chapters from the epub archive.

    


    
You can find the repository at Codeberg - Oepub

    

    

    

    





    

    ppx_deriving_router =E2=80=94 type safe routing for Dream and =
Melange
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a=
nn-ppx-deriving-router-type-safe-routing-for-dream-and-melange/15401/1

    

    


    

    Andrey Popp announced
    

    

    
It's my pleasure to announce a new ppx for deriving Dream routers based on variant type declarations,=
 ppx_deriving=
_router.

    


    
A small example. First we define routes (the signature showcases the genera=
ted code):

    

    

    module Pages : sig
  ...

  val href : t -> string
  (** generate URL from=
 the route *)

  val http_method : t -> [ `DELETE | `GET | `POST | `PUT ]
  (** HTTP method for t=
he route *)

  val handle : (t -> Dream.handler) -> Dream.handler
  (** create a route ha=
ndler *)
end =3D struct
  open Ppx_deriving_router_runtime.Primitives

  type t =3D
    | Home [@GET "/"]
    | About
    | Hello of { name : st=
ring; repeat : int option } [@GET "/hello/:name"]
    [@@deriving router]
end

    

    


    
Then we describe how we handle each route:

    

    

    let handle =3D
  Pages.handle (fun r=
oute _req ->
      match route=
 with
      | Home -> Dream.respond "Home page!"
      | About -> Dream.respond "About page!"
      | Hello { name; repeat } ->
          let name =3D
            match=
 repeat with
            | So=
me repeat ->
                List.init repeat (fun _ -> name) |>=
 String.concat ", "
            | No=
ne -> name
          in
          Dream.respond (Printf.sprintf =
"Hello, %s" name))

let () =3D Dream.run =
~interface:"127.0.0.1" ~port:8080 handle

    

    


    
Using generated Pages.href function we can generate URLs for r=
outes:

    

    

    let () =3D
  assert (Pages.href Home =3D =
"/");
  assert (Pages.href About =3D "/about");
  assert (Pages.href (Hello { name =3D "world"; repeat =3D None }) =3D "/he=
llo/world");
  assert (Pages.href (Hello { name =3D "world"; repeat =3D Some 3 }) =3D "/=
hello/world?repeat=3D3")

    

    


    
The URL matching is done by routes library.

    


    
There's also support for routes that track their response ty=
pes and the ppx automatically derives JSON encoders and decoders for th=
em (by using melange-json.ppx).

    


    
On top of that a separate ppx is provided for Melange which allows to construct type safe HTTP clients (=
route defintions are shared between server and client).

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    





    

    Mica, a PPX that automates differential testing for OCaml modu=
les
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/ann-mica-a-ppx-that-automates-differential-testing-for-ocaml-modules/15=
406/1

    

    


    

    Ernest Ng announced
    

    

    
I'm delighted to announce the initial release of Mica, a PPX deriver that automates differential test=
ing for a pair of OCaml modules implementing the same signature. Users anno=
tate module signatures with the directive [@@deriving mica], a=
nd at compile-time, Mica derives specialized property-based testing (PBT) code that chec=
ks if two modules implementing the signature are observationally equivalent=
. (Under the hood, Mica uses Jane Street's Core.Quickcheck PBT library.)

    


    
Mica was presented at the OCaml Workshop '24 (paper) and the ICFP '23 Student Research Competition (<=
a href=3D"https://ngernest.github.io/pdfs/mica_icfp23src_poster.pdf">poster=
).=20

    


    
Note: Mica is currently a research tool and should not be used in pr=
oduction code, although contributions are very welcome!

    


    
Mica is available on Opam:=20

    

    opam update=20
opam install ppx_mica

    

    
(OCaml 5.1 or newer is required.)

    


    
Docs are available here, and a simple web app demo-ing Mica is available here.

    

    

    

    





    

    Simplified Android cross-compiler with DkML
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-simplified-an=
droid-cross-compiler-with-dkml/15407/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
DkML has had a cross-compiler for years, but I have cleaned it up so that i=
t is much easier to use for Android developers. It now works with a regu=
lar opam installation in a custom repository. Also included are patches=
 to the OCaml compiler to work with Android NDK 21+ (currently Google is at=
 NDK 27).

    


    
Try it out if you do Android development … just copy-and-paste the i=
nstructions below … but please read the notes and cautions below. An=
d if you are still interested in Android development, tell me so I can deci=
de if I'll merge the packages into the regular opam repository.

    


    
Trimmed slightly from the dkml-compiler Quick Start:

    


      

    • Docker container is used below for Windows and macOS users, and because=
 it is easy to get the Android NDK from CircleCI.
      • 

    • Apple Silicon does not support 32-bit. The net effect is that Apple Sil=
icon users cannot cross-compile android_arm32v7a.
      • 

    


    $ docker run -it --rm cimg/android:2024.10.1-ndk

# Install opam if you don't have it
~/project$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install build-essent=
ial curl git patch rsync unzip -y
~/project$ echo /usr/local/bin | sudo bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://o=
pam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.2.1"

# Initialize opam if you haven't already. No sandboxing is needed in contai=
ners.
~/project$ opam init --cli=3D2.1 --no-setup --bare --disable-sandboxing

# Two Android options to set. ANDROID_PLATFORM is the minimum API level ("t=
argetSdkVersion" in the Android manifest)
~/project$ opam var --cli=3D2.1 --global ANDROID_NDK=3D/home/circleci/andro=
id-sdk/ndk/27.1.12297006
~/project$ opam var --cli=3D2.1 --global ANDROID_PLATFORM=3Dandroid-34

# PICK ONE: Android arm64-v8a switch
~/project$ opam switch create android34-ndk27-arm64-v8a --cli=3D2.1 \
  --packages dkml-base-compiler,dkml-host-abi-linux_x86_64,dkml-target-abi-=
android_arm64v8a,ocamlfind,conf-dkml-cross-toolchain \
  --repos default,diskuv-4d79e732=3Dgit+https://github.com/diskuv/diskuv-op=
am-repository.git#4d79e732

# PICK ONE: Android armeabi-v7a switch. You will need a 32-bit C/C++ compil=
er.
~/project$ sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib g++-multilib -y
~/project$ opam switch create android34-ndk27-armeabi-v7a --cli=3D2.1 \
  --packages dkml-base-compiler,dkml-host-abi-linux_x86,dkml-target-abi-and=
roid_arm32v7a,ocamlfind,conf-dkml-cross-toolchain \
  --repos default,diskuv-4d79e732=3Dgit+https://github.com/diskuv/diskuv-op=
am-repository.git#4d79e732

# PICK ONE: Android x86_64 switch
~/project$ opam switch create android34-ndk27-x86_64 --cli=3D2.1 \
  --packages dkml-base-compiler,dkml-host-abi-linux_x86_64,dkml-target-abi-=
android_x86_64,ocamlfind,conf-dkml-cross-toolchain \
  --repos default,diskuv-4d79e732=3Dgit+https://github.com/diskuv/diskuv-op=
am-repository.git#4d79e732

# THEN: Get and cross-compile your source code. Here we use Dune and assume=
 'android34-ndk27-arm64-v8a'
~/project$ opam install --cli=3D2.1 --switch android34-ndk27-arm64-v8a dune
~/project$ git clone https://github.com/avsm/hello-world-action-ocaml hello
~/project$ cd hello
~/project/hello$ opam exec --cli=3D2.1 --switch android34-ndk27-arm64-v8a -=
- \
  dune build -x android_arm64v8a world.exe

~/project/hello$ file _build/default*/world.exe
_build/default.android_arm64v8a/world.exe: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, A=
RM aarch64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /system/bin/l=
inker64, with debug_info, not stripped
_build/default/world.exe:                  ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, x=
86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x8=
6-64.so.2, BuildID[sha1]=3D1731ad9ce0fdeff69df28af0b1217e843eabe26e, for GN=
U/Linux 3.2.0, with debug_info, not stripped

# You can also directly use the ocamlfind -toolchain

~/project$ opam exec --cli=3D2.1 --switch android34-ndk27-arm64-v8a -- \
  ocamlfind ocamlc -config-var native_c_compiler
gcc -O2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -pthread -fPIC  -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=3D=
64

~/project$ opam exec --cli=3D2.1 --switch android34-ndk27-arm64-v8a -- \
  ocamlfind -toolchain android_arm64v8a ocamlc -config-var native_c_compiler
/home/circleci/android-sdk/ndk/27.1.12297006/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux=
-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android34-clang -O2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv =
-pthread -fPIC  -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=3D64

    


    
DkML supports three out of the four supported Android ABIs. The three ABIs =
(all but x86) were chosen based on statistics for a large =
game on Aug 29, 2023:

    


    









    
Arch
Percent

    
    


    
arm64-v8a
68.66

    


    
armeabi-v7a
30.38

    


    
x86_64
0.71

    


    
x86
0.26

    
    

    


    
and also Google's recommendation:

    


    
Note: While 64-bit-only devices will grow in popularity with phones =
joining Android Auto in this group, 32-bit-only devices will continue to be=
 important for Android Go, Android TV, and Android Wear. Please continue su=
pporting 32-bit ABIs; Google Play will continue serving 32-bit apps to 32-b=
it-only devices.

    


    
Finally, a word of CAUTION. The Android cross-compiler can never<=
/i> use OCaml 5+ because OCaml 5 will never brin=
g back the 32-bit instruction set. That means if you don't want to drop=
 a large percent of your users or drop new Android categories over the next=
 five (?) years, you will have a critical dependency on DkML.

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 08 to 15, 2024.

    





    

    grep_cmt: structural search of OCaml code
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-poc-grep-cmt-structural-search-of-ocaml-code/15411/1

    

    


    

    Nicolas Ojeda Bar announced
    

    

    
As mentioned in a previous post:

    


    
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-2nd-editor-tooling-dev-meeting-25th-of-july/14953/5?u=nojb

    


    
I had promised to post back here when we had made the source code for the "structural grep" tool that I presented, public.

    


    
This is now done:

    


    
https://github.com/LexiFi/grep_cmt

    


    
We added a [POC] marker to this post, because the code is not really ready for public consumption (it is rough around the edges and may not work in all circumstances). Our hope is to publicize the approach and perhaps motivate interested hackers to take the code and develop it further into a proper tool.

    

    

    

    





    

    Mutaml 0.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mutaml-0-1/12639/2

    

    


    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to share news of the Mutaml 0.3 release! :tada: 
https://github.com/jmid/mutaml/releases/tag/0.3

    


    
Together with the recent 0.2 release, this brings Mutaml up to speed with recent ppxlib releases and addresses a few issues reported by brave, early users:

    


      

    • Avoid mutations in attribute parameters #29
      • 

    • Avoid polymorphic equality which is incompatible with Core #30
      • 

    • Add support for ppxlib.0.28 and above #27
      • 

    • Avoid triggering 2 mutations of a pattern incl. a when-clause causing a redundant sub-pattern warning #22, #23
      • 

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    





    

    ocaml-activitypub
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-activitypub/15420/1

    

    


    

    Zoggy announced
    

    

    
I'm glad to announce a first release of activitypub* packages, implementing (well, trying to implement some flavor of) both server-to-server and client-to-server activitypub protocols.

    


    
Documentation is available from the web site.

    


    
The activitypub_server package installs TAPS, an experimental server, handling some common activities. Accounts hosted by this server can at least follow and be followed by mastodon instances, and post and receive activities (Create, Announce, Like, Undo, …).

    


    
The library of the activitypub_client package can be used by a client application to post and receive activities to and from a server (though it was only tested with TAPS). See a simple example here.

    


    
A GUI client (based on Stk is installed by the activitypub_gui package. It requires a client configuration file as described here. You can drop IRIs/URLs of an actor in the window to open a tab and be able to follow this actor. The GUI also allows to create and post notes with attachments. This client is still very experimental and will be developed more in the future.

    


    
EDIT: the package should be available soon in opam.

    

    

    

    





    

    Ortac/QCheck-STM 0.4.0 Dynamic formal verification beyond one system under test
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ortac-qcheck-stm-0-4-0-dynamic-formal-verification-beyond-one-system-under-test/15427/1

    

    


    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    
I'm very pleased to announce this exciting new release of ortac-qcheck-stm.0.4.0!

    


    
This new release brings some exciting new features, mostly the result of Nikolaus Huber's contributions! Thank you Nik!

    


    
Ortac/QCheck-STM is a test generator based on the QCheck-STM model-based testing framework and the Gospel specification language for OCaml.

    


    
You can find the project on this repo and install the released packages via opam.

    


    
It is also encourage to install ortac-dune to avoid having to write too much dune boilerplate.

    


    
In particular, this release extend Ortac/QCheck-STM so that the generated tests will include functions that can take multiple System-Under-Tests as argument and/or that can return one. So now, if we write Gospel specifications for append-like functions, Ortac/QCheck-STM will include them in the generated tests!

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    





    

    Openbsd 1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-openbsd-1-0/15434/1

    

    


    

    Sebastien Marie announced
    

    

    
I would like to announce a new (somehow niche) package Openbsd, which provides bindings for some specifics OpenBSD syscalls pledge(2) and unveil(2).

    


    
These syscalls lets the kernel OS to know what the running processus is expected to do, and so it is possible to restrict a processus to do only filesystem or only network or only pure computation…

    


    
The package is designed to be installable on any platform and provides simple method to check if Pledge or Unveil are supported. This way, it is possible to easily write portable code using the package, as it could be a turned on "no-operation" on Windows or Linux hosts (or provides alternative code path for sandboxing).

    



    


    

    Examples
    

    

    

    let open Openbsd in
if Pledge.supported then
  Pledge.promises "stdio rpath"

    

    


    

    let open Openbsd in
if Unveil.supported then (
  Unveil.add "./lib" "r";
  Unveil.add "./logs" "rwc";
  Unveil.lock ())

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Compsort - reorder files in archives for improved compression
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-compsort-reorder-files-in-archives-for-improved-compression/15436/1

    

    


    

    adrien announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the first release of compsort, a tool to reorder files in an archive for better compression. It works by grouping files according to a distance that is computed between every file pair. You can install it with opam install compsort (requires ocaml 5.2 for parallelism).

    


    
Website with more details and examples in README.md, plus source: https://gitlab.com/adrien-n/compsort/

    


    
The goal is not new but, AFAIK, the approach is. I am very interested in prior or related art!

    

    


    

    Results
    

    

    
Compsort achieves improvements that would typically require larger compression windows and therefore more memory. The improvements are only a few percents but in the domain of compression, a few percents is actually a lot.

    


    
With xz compression, a Ubuntu initrd on my machine is reduced by more than 11.5%, while the best achievable improvement is 12.7% (the reordering gives 90% of the best result). Similarly, the tree of linux-firmware.git can be compressed 6% better, while the best achievable improvement is 9.4% (the reordering gives 63% of the best result).

    

    

    


    

    Visualizations
    

    

    
In order to better explain what it does, I quite like the visualizations I have so far (there will be better ones in the future), where the value of the pixel at (x,y) indicates how similar are files x and y. 

    


    
Before:

    



    

    bettercomp_python3-django-horizon_noop.png

    

    


    
After reordering:

    



    

    bettercomp_python3-django-horizon_buckets.png

    

    


    
Files that are very different from others are all packed at the end and there's also an isolated cluster of files together similar but different from everything else.
One can also see that the distinct row and column pattern from the first picture has disappeared: it indicated that every 15 or so files in that region were similar and were separated by disimilar files but that they're now grouped.

    


    
While there are certainly improvements possible, results are good. It's a case where one might wonder why results are so good considering all the approximations that took place.

    


    
[1] Most of the algorithms/libraries I've tried to use rely on having an actual proper distance function which I don't have

    

    

    


    

    Future work
    

    

    
I'll try to improve the distance function. Currently it does some steps of compression algorithms to detect redundancies but maybe reusing a compression library would give better results if it can be made fast enough (lz4 is borderline but it has tiny dictionaries unfortunately).

    


    
Clustering could be better as the current algorithm is very basic (it collects files that are 90% similar, then 80% similar, then 70%, …). I tried several algorithms but I don't have a good-enough distance function (for instance the triangular inequality probably doesn't hold) and results were worse. 

    


    
All this will benefit from better visualizations and I'd like to have interactive plots that can be hovered on with the mouse to get the distance value and full file name.

    


    
Oh and code isn't always pretty as it went through a lot of experimental stages and low-level tweaks to improve performance.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/13

    

    


    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting tomorrow, on Wednesday, October, 16th at 10:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together and synchronise between the Dune developers !

    

    


    

    Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if you want to add more items in it.

    

    

    


    

    Links
    

    


    

    

    

    





    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    





    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 15 to 22,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

opam 2.3.0~beta1
Dune dev meeting
Wildcard expansion on Windows
OCamlformat and GitHub actions
New vs. Old OCaml Academic Users Page Survey
New vs. Old OCaml Industrial Users Page
Eliom 11 and Ocsigen Start 7
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


opam 2.3.0~beta1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're happy to announce the first beta release of opam 2.3.0.

  As we're closing on the final release of opam 2.3.0, we'd be happy for
  people to test this beta and report any regression.


What's new?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This release consists mostly in regression fixes compared to
  2.3.0~alpha1:

  =E2=80=A2 Fix a regression where pinning a local source repository contai=
ning
    initialized git submodules would cause a failure when fetching the
    package. ([#5809])
  =E2=80=A2 Fix a regression which would make opam crash on platforms such =
as
    OpenBSD. ([#6215])
  =E2=80=A2 Fix the internal cache of installed packages, which was storing=
 the
    wrong version of the opam file after a build failure. ([#6213])
  =E2=80=A2 Fix a regression in lint W59 with local urls that are not
    archives. ([#6218])

  A couple of other improvements were made and bugs were fixed.
  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information about
  these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a look
  at the [release note] or the [changelog].


[#5809] 

[#6215] 

[#6213] 

[#6218] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are pretty much the same:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.3.0~beta1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.3.0~beta1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please report any issues to [the bug-tracker].


[the bug-tracker] 


Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Steve Sherratt announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Notes from today's dune-dev meeting are [here]


[here] 


Wildcard expansion on Windows
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Benjamin Sigonneau announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  While implementing a small CLI tool, I ran into a somehow undocumented
  feature of the Ocaml compiler: it automatically expands wildcards
  before doing anything else. Which proved to be a problem.

  This post serves three different goals:

  =E2=80=A2 give some visibility, in case someone else run into this issue =
in
    the future
  =E2=80=A2 expose a possible workaround
  =E2=80=A2 ask the community if there is a better way=E2=84=A2 to solve th=
is


Context
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  My tool uses `Cmdliner' for CLI args processing, and needs to handle
  basic wildcard processing for one of its options, eg. it should handle
  `mytool.exe -x *.ml'.

  This would get expanded to `mytool.exe -x a.ml b.ml c.ml' which
  Cmdliner cannot handle. Under any common Unix shell, this is not a
  problem: we just have to escape the star character with
  eg. `mytool.exe -x \*.ml', have mytool handle the expansion itself and
  we're all set. So far, so good.

  Then came Windows. Whatever I would do, it seemed like there was no
  way of preventing that wildcard to be expanded. I learned that on
  Windows, the calling program was responsible for dealing with
  wildcards, not the shell. After some digging, the root cause of this
  behaviour was found in the ocaml runtime itself, in
  [`runtime/main.c']:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 int main_os(int argc, char_os **argv)
  =E2=94=82 {
  =E2=94=82 #ifdef _WIN32
  =E2=94=82   /* Expand wildcards and diversions in command line */
  =E2=94=82   caml_expand_command_line(&argc, &argv);
  =E2=94=82 #endif
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 /* [...] */
  =E2=94=82 }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  After a bit of history digging, it turns out this behaviour dates back
  from the very early stages of the Ocaml compiler, see [this commit] by
  Xavier Leroy from=E2=80=A6 1996!


[`runtime/main.c']


[this commit]



Workaround
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The `runtime/main.c' file gives a hint on how to work around this:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 /* Main entry point (can be overridden by a user-provided main()
  =E2=94=82    function that calls caml_main() later). */
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  So the most elegant workaround I could find was to create a copy of
  the `main.c' file inside the source tree of mytool and comment out the
  call to `caml_expand_command_line'. Then it was a matter of compiling
  and linking everything altogether. I use `dune' to compile
  `mytool.exe', and after a lot of trial-and-error, I found out it could
  handle this very easily with the `foreign_stubs' stanza:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (executable
  =E2=94=82  (name mytool)
  =E2=94=82  (foreign_stubs (language c) (names main))
  =E2=94=82  ; ...
  =E2=94=82 )
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Minimal working example
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I opened a Github repository containing a minimal project featuring a
  custom entry point so that command-line arguments expansion does not
  happen on Windows.

  See: 


Open Questions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 The root cause of this issue was introduced almost 30 years ago=
. How
    come no one on the Internets seem to have run into a similar issue?
  =E2=80=A2 Why was this behaviour introduced in the first place? I suspect=
 it
    may have make it easier to setup a Windows toolchain back then, but
    that's just wild speculation.
  =E2=80=A2 Is this behaviour still needed, or could we get rid of it?
  =E2=80=A2 Should this be more wildly documented, and if so, where? The oc=
aml
    compiler docs and the dune docs could probably benefit from a small
    paragraph on how to override the default entry point.


OCamlformat and GitHub actions
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  a small announcement for those using OCamlformat in their projects: if
  you find the burden on external contributors very high, and always
  express "please run ocamlformat on your PR" =E2=80=93 we've been in the s=
ame
  boat.

  We developed a GitHub action which automatically runs OCamlformat and
  pushes that on the PR. No need for contributors to remember running
  OCamlformat, no need for "OCaml-CI" to fail since ocamlformat run
  diverges.

  If you're interested, take a look at
  
  =E2=80=93 please note that we use `find . -name \*ml -maxdepth 1' =E2=80=
=93 depending
  on your project you may be able to run `dune bu @fmt --auto' (or need
  a slightly different `find' to look deeper or also for mli files).

  Happy to share this action which turned out to be tremendously useful
  for some of our projects.


New vs. Old OCaml Academic Users Page Survey
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Claire Vandenberghe announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We've recently *redesigned the OCaml Academic Users page* and would
  love to *get your feedback* to ensure it=E2=80=99s as helpful as possible=
. You
  can view both versions here:

  =E2=80=A2 New page:[ ocaml.org/academic-users]
  =E2=80=A2 Old page:[ staging.ocaml.org/academic-users]

  As a teacher, student expert or beginner developer using OCaml, we=E2=80=
=99d
  greatly appreciate your insights! Participate in the survey here:
  [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfc9qPR16deJ6VeVmXGXPVO4e3wZ9ZV=
IYiWrS4f1RZsqcXxwQ/viewform?usp=3Dsf_link]
  or we can discuss this topic below :)

  Do you find the new page more useful and relevant for your academic
  needs compared to the old one? If so, why?

  Is there any information missing or anything you=E2=80=99d suggest improv=
ing
  on the new page?

  Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us as we work to improve the
  experience for the OCaml community.

  Thank you in advance!


[ ocaml.org/academic-users] 

[ staging.ocaml.org/academic-users]


[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfc9qPR16deJ6VeVmXGXPVO4e3wZ9ZVIY=
iWrS4f1RZsqcXxwQ/viewform?usp=3Dsf_link]



New vs. Old OCaml Industrial Users Page
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Claire Vandenberghe announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We've recently redesigned the *OCaml Industrial Users pages* and would
  love to get *your feedback* to ensure it=E2=80=99s as helpful as possible=
. You
  can view both versions here:

  =E2=80=A2 New: 
  =E2=80=A2 Old: 

  As an expert or beginner developer using OCaml, we=E2=80=99d greatly
  appreciate your insights! You can also participate to the survey here:
   or we can discuss this topic
  below :)

  Do you find the new page more useful and relevant for industrial needs
  compared to the old one? If so, why?

  Is there any information missing or anything you=E2=80=99d suggest improv=
ing
  on the new page?

  Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us as we work to improve the
  experience for the OCaml community.

  Thank you in advance!


Eliom 11 and Ocsigen Start 7
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Vincent Balat announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Eliom 11 and Ocsigen Start 7 have been released a few weeks ago.
  These versions follow the recent release of Ocsigen Server 6 and
  leverage its new configuration API to make it easier to use it as a
  library, without a configuration file.

  Here is an example of a simple OCaml app generating a Web page from
  server side (and serving static pages from directory
  `"local/var/www/mysite"'):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let f _ () =3D
  =E2=94=82   Lwt.return
  =E2=94=82     Eliom_content.Html.F.(html (head (title (txt "")) [])
  =E2=94=82                                (body [h1 [txt "Hello"]]))
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let myservice =3D
  =E2=94=82   Eliom_service.create
  =E2=94=82     ~path:(Eliom_service.Path [])
  =E2=94=82     ~meth:(Eliom_service.Get Eliom_parameter.any)
  =E2=94=82     ()
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D Eliom_registration.Html.register ~service:myservice f
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D Ocsigen_server.start=20
  =E2=94=82     [ Ocsigen_server.host
  =E2=94=82        [ Staticmod.run ~dir:"local/var/www/mysite" ()
  =E2=94=82        ; Eliom.run () ] ]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  To use it, just install Eliom and your favorite version of Ocipersist,
  then create a new Dune project:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam install ocsipersist-sqlite-config eliom
  =E2=94=82 dune init project mysite
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Put the code above in file `bin/mysite.ml'

  Update file `bin/dune':
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (executable
  =E2=94=82  (public_name mysite)
  =E2=94=82  (name main)
  =E2=94=82  (libraries
  =E2=94=82   ocsigenserver
  =E2=94=82   ocsigenserver.ext.staticmod
  =E2=94=82   ocsipersist-sqlite
  =E2=94=82   eliom.server))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Build and execute:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 dune exec mysite
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Open URL `http://localhost:8080/'.


  Ocsigen Start's application template has been updated to support both
  the use as an executable or as a library (lynked dynamically from the
  server's config file).

  Links:
  =E2=80=A2 [Ocsigen]
  =E2=80=A2 [Github]


[Ocsigen] 

[Github] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Developer education at Jane Street]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune Developer Preview: Installing The OCaml Compiler With Dune
    Package Management]
  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Developer education at Jane Street]


[Dune Developer Preview: Installing The OCaml Compiler With Dune Package
Management]


[Upcoming OCaml Events] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 15 to 22, 202=
4.

    





    

    opam 2.3.0~beta1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-3-0-beta1/15450/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
We're happy to announce the first beta release of opam 2.3.0.

    


    
As we're closing on the final release of opam 2.3.0, we'd be happy for peop=
le to test this beta and report any regression.

    

    


    

    What's new?
    

    

    
This release consists mostly in regression fixes compared to 2.3.0~alpha1:

    


      

    • Fix a regression where pinning a local source repository containing ini=
tialized git submodules would cause a failure when fetching the package. (<=
a href=3D"https://github.com/ocaml/opam/issues/5809">#5809)
      • 

    • Fix a regression which would make opam crash on platforms such as OpenB=
SD. (#6215)
      • 

    • Fix the internal cache of installed packages, which was storing the wro=
ng version of the opam file after a build failure. (#6213)
      • 

    • Fix a regression in lint W59 with local urls that are not archives. (#6218)
      • 

    


    
A couple of other improvements were made and bugs were fixed.
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and more=
, and for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    



    

    





    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/14

    

    


    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Notes from today's dune-dev meeting are here

    

    

    

    





    

    Wildcard expansion on Windows
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/wildcard-expansion-on-windows/15461=
/1

    

    


    

    Benjamin Sigonneau announced
    

    

    
While implementing a small CLI tool, I ran into a somehow undocumented feat=
ure of the Ocaml compiler: it automatically expands wildcards before doing =
anything else. Which proved to be a problem.

    


    
This post serves three different goals:

    


      

    • give some visibility, in case someone else run into this issue in the f=
uture
      • 

    • expose a possible workaround
      • 

    • ask the community if there is a better way=E2=84=A2 to solve this
      • 

    

    


    

    Context
    

    

    
My tool uses Cmdliner for CLI args processing, and needs to ha=
ndle basic wildcard processing for one of its options, eg. it should handle=
 mytool.exe -x *.ml.

    


    
This would get expanded to mytool.exe -x a.ml b.ml c.ml which =
Cmdliner cannot handle. Under any common Unix shell, this is not a problem:=
 we just have to escape the star character with eg. mytool.exe -x \*.=
ml, have mytool handle the expansion itself and we're all set. So fa=
r, so good.

    


    
Then came Windows. Whatever I would do, it seemed like there was no way of =
preventing that wildcard to be expanded. I learned that on Windows, the cal=
ling program was responsible for dealing with wildcards, not the shell. Aft=
er some digging, the root cause of this behaviour was found in the ocaml ru=
ntime itself, in runtime/main.c:

    


    

    int main_os(int=
 argc, char_os **argv)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
  /* Expand wildcards and diversions in=
 command line */=

  caml_expand_command_line(&argc, &argv);
#endif

/* [...] */
}

    

    


    
After a bit of history digging, it turns out this behaviour dates back from=
 the very early stages of the Ocaml compiler, see this comm=
it by Xavier Leroy from… 1996!

    

    

    


    

    Workaround
    

    

    
The runtime/main.c file gives a hint on how to work around thi=
s:

    


    

    Main entry =
point (can be overridden by a user-provided main()
   function that calls =
caml_main() later). */

    

    


    
So the most elegant workaround I could find was to create a copy of the main.c file inside the source tree of mytool and comment out the =
call to caml_expand_command_line. Then it was a matter of comp=
iling and linking everything altogether. I use dune to compile=
 mytool.exe, and after a lot of trial-and-error, I found out i=
t could handle this very easily with the foreign_stubs stanza:

    


    (executable
 (name mytool)
 (foreign_stubs (language c) (names main))
 ; ...
)

    

    

    


    

    Minimal working example
    

    

    
I opened a Github repository containing a minimal project featuring a custo=
m entry point so that command-line arguments expansion does not happen on W=
indows.

    


    
See: https://git=
hub.com/benji-sb/ocaml-windows-argv

    

    

    


    

    Open Questions
    

    

      

    • The root cause of this issue was introduced almost 30 years ago. How co=
me no one on the Internets seem to have run into a similar issue?
      • 

    • Why was this behaviour introduced in the first place? I suspect it may =
have make it easier to setup a Windows toolchain back then, but that's just=
 wild speculation.
      • 

    • Is this behaviour still needed, or could we get rid of it?
      • 

    • Should this be more wildly documented, and if so, where? The ocaml comp=
iler docs and the dune docs could probably benefit from a small paragraph o=
n how to override the default entry point.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    





    

    OCamlformat and GitHub actions
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocamlformat-and-github-actions/154=
64/1

    

    


    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
a small announcement for those using OCamlformat in their projects: if you =
find the burden on external contributors very high, and always express "ple=
ase run ocamlformat on your PR" – we've been in the same boat.

    


    
We developed a GitHub action which automatically runs OCamlformat and pushe=
s that on the PR. No need for contributors to remember running OCamlformat,=
 no need for "OCaml-CI" to fail since ocamlformat run diverges.

    


    
If you're interested, take a look at https://github.com/rob=
ur-coop/mollymawk/blob/main/.github/workflows/format.yml – pleas=
e note that we use find . -name \*ml -maxdepth 1 – depe=
nding on your project you may be able to run dune bu @fmt --auto (or need a slightly different find to look deeper or also f=
or mli files).

    


    
Happy to share this action which turned out to be tremendously useful for s=
ome of our projects.

    

    

    

    





    

    New vs. Old OCaml Academic Users Page Survey
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-vs-old-ocaml-acad=
emic-users-page-survey/15484/1

    

    


    

    Claire Vandenberghe announced
    

    

    
We've recently redesigned the OCaml Academic Users page and would lo=
ve to get your feedback to ensure it=E2=80=99s as helpful as possibl=
e. You can view both versions here:

    




    
As a teacher, student expert or beginner developer using OCaml, we=E2=80=99=
d greatly appreciate your insights! Participate in the survey here: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfc9qPR16deJ6V=
eVmXGXPVO4e3wZ9ZVIYiWrS4f1RZsqcXxwQ/viewform?usp=3Dsf_link  or we can d=
iscuss this topic below :)

    


    
Do you find the new page more useful and relevant for your academic needs c=
ompared to the old one? If so, why?

    


    
Is there any information missing or anything you=E2=80=99d suggest improvin=
g on the new page?

    


    
Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us as we work to improve the experi=
ence for the OCaml community.

    


    
Thank you in advance!

    

    

    

    





    

    New vs. Old OCaml Industrial Users Page
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-vs-old-ocaml-industria=
l-users-page/15485/1

    

    


    

    Claire Vandenberghe announced
    

    

    
We've recently redesigned the OCaml Industrial Users pages and would=
 love to get your feedback to ensure it=E2=80=99s as helpful as poss=
ible. You can view both versions here:

    




    
As an expert or beginner developer using OCaml, we=E2=80=99d greatly apprec=
iate your insights! You can also participate to the survey here: https://forms.gle/C7czFt36m7bx4fLt8 or we can discuss this topic below :)

    


    
Do you find the new page more useful and relevant for industrial needs comp=
ared to the old one? If so, why?

    


    
Is there any information missing or anything you=E2=80=99d suggest improvin=
g on the new page?

    


    
Your feedback is incredibly valuable to us as we work to improve the experi=
ence for the OCaml community.

    


    
Thank you in advance!

    

    

    

    





    

    Eliom 11 and Ocsigen Start 7
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-eliom-11-and-ocsigen-start-7=
/15487/1

    

    


    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
Eliom 11 and Ocsigen Start 7 have been released a few weeks ago.
These versions follow the recent release of Ocsigen Server 6 and leverage i=
ts new configuration API to make it easier to use it as a library, without =
a configuration file.

    


    
Here is an example of a simple OCaml app generating a Web page from server =
side (and serving static pages from directory "local/var/www/mysite"<=
/code>):

    

    

    let f _ () =3D
  Lwt.return
    Eliom_content.Html.F.(html (head=
 (title (txt "")) [])
                               (body [h1 [txt "Hello"]]))

let myservice =3D
  Eliom_service.create
    ~path:(Eliom_service.Path [])
    ~meth:(Eliom_service.Get Eliom_parameter.any)
    ()

let () =3D Eliom_registration.Html.register ~service:myservice f

let () =3D Ocsigen_server.start=20
    [ Ocsigen_server.host
       [ Staticmod.run ~dir:"local/var=
/www/mysite" ()
       ; Eliom.run () ] ]

    

    


    
To use it, just install Eliom and your favorite version of Ocipersist, then=
 create a new Dune project:

    

    opam install ocsipersist-sqlite-config eliom
dune init project mysite

    


    
Put the code above in file bin/mysite.ml

    


    
Update file bin/dune:

    

    (executable
 (public_name mysite)
 (name main)
 (libraries
  ocsigenserver
  ocsigenserver.ext.staticmod
  ocsipersist-sqlite
  eliom.server))

    


    
Build and execute:

    

    dune exec mysite

    


    
Open URL http://localhost:8080/.

    



    
Ocsigen Start's application template has been updated to support both the u=
se as an executable or as a library (lynked dynamically from the server's c=
onfig file).

    


    
Links:

    


    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 22 to 29, 202=
4.

    





    

    HOL Light released to OPAM
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-hol-light-released-to-opam/154=
88/1

    

    


    

    Juneyoung Lee announced
    

    

    
The HOL Light interactive theorem prover written by John Harrison is releas=
ed to OPAM as a package. Its first new version available on OPAM is 3.0.
It now provides hol.sh which is a script that will launch an O=
Caml REPL that enables interactive theorem proving. Combined with a VSCode =
plugin for HOL Light, this gives a nice theorem proving experience..! For m=
ore details, please visit:

    


    

    

    





    

    Could we add a tiny OCaml interpreter to Numworks graphical ca=
lculators?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/could-we-add-a-tiny-ocaml-interpreter-to-numworks-graphical-calculat=
ors/7652/14

    

    


    

    Deep in this thread, Lilian Besson announced
    

    

    
So after a few hours of work, we've successfully ported the OMicroB Virtual=
 Machine for OCaml to the Numworks calculator :tada: ! See this par=
t of our discussion on GitHub, if anyone is curious.

    


    
But we're far away from being done! Indeed, I want to be able to interpret =
on the calculator some OCaml line of code / or entire file.
I know it's probably going to be hard, if not entirely impossible, but hey =
we've at least progressed a bit in this direction! Thanks @borisd again for=
 the suggestion!
@Vertmo is helping me on this issue, thanks to him.

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.3.0~beta2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-3-0-beta2/15496/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
We're happy to announce the second beta release of opam 2.3.0.

    


    
As we're closing on the final release of opam 2.3.0, we'd be happy for peop=
le to test this beta and report any regression.

    

    


    

    What's new?
    

    

    
This release consists mostly in one regression fix compared to 2.3.0~beta1:

    


      

    • Fix a regression in the detection of the current terminal size that lea=
ds to opam output that tries to fit itself into 80 columns regardless of th=
e current terminal size (#6243)
      • 

    


    
A couple of other improvements were made.
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information, and for even more details y=
ou can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    


    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are pretty much the same:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
3.0~beta2"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.3.0~beta2"

    


    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Editors dev-meeting #4, Thu. 31th: Search by type =C3=A0 la Sh=
erlodoc =F0=9F=95=B5=EF=B8=8F
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
ann-editors-dev-meeting-4-thu-31th-search-by-type-a-la-sherlodoc/15507/1

    

    


    

    vds announced
    

    

    
We are organizing the next public dev-meeting on next Thursday, the 31th of=
 October at 5pm CEST (we have a local speaker). Whether you are a long time=
 maintainer, an occasional contributor, a new comer, or simply a curious pa=
sser-by, please feel free to attend!

    


    
:sparkles: For this session,  @xvw is going to present a new Merlin feature=
: an alternative to polarity search that can search for values in the envir=
onment with a syntax similar as the one of the amazing Sherlodoc.

    



    

    3D"2616c436ecefc=

    

    


    
:clipboard: Meeting agenda:

    


      

    • A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to present=
 themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
      • 

    • Talk and Q&A
      • 

    • Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or mention=
ed during the tour-de-table.
      • 

    


    
We=E2=80=99re looking forward to meeting you!

    


    
Meeting link: [meet.google.com/ncb-mnmp-kmk](meet.google.com/ncb-mnmp-kmk)

    


    
Previous meeting notes are available in Merlin=E2=80=99s repository wiki =
.

    

    

    

    





    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/15

    

    


    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting tomorrow, on Wednesday, Octobe=
r, 30th at 16:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronise between the Dune developers :speech_balloon:=20=20

    

    


    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if y=
ou want to add more items in it.

    

    

    


    

    :computer: Links
    

    



    
Wiki with information and previous notes: GitHub Wiki

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Shell Completions in Dune Developer Preview
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/shell-completions-in-=
dune-developer-preview/15522/1

    

    


    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Support for dune shell completions for bash and zsh has just landed in the =
Dune Developer Preview!

    


    
Running the installer =
adds a snippet to your shell config (e.g. /.bashrc) that installs a c=
ompletion handler for ~dune. The completion script was taken from here, and=
 that page has some information about how the script was generated. Once it=
's installed the completions will work any time dune is typed =
at the start of a command, so you can still use the completions when runnin=
g a version of Dune installed with Opam or your system package manager afte=
r installing the Dune Developer Preview.

    


    
Currently only command completions are supported. So you can run:

    

    $ dune c<TAB>
cache  clean  coq

    


    
…or:

    

    $ dune build -<TAB>
--action-stderr-on-success
--action-stdout-on-success
--always-show-command-line
--auto-promote
--build-dir
--build-info
--cache
...

    


    
But if you run dune build <TAB> then it will still sugge=
st local files rather than build targets.

    

    


    

    Try it out!
    

    

    
Getting started is easy:

    


    $ curl -fsSL https://get.dune.build/install | sh
$ source ~/.bashrc  # or: ~source ~/.zshrc~ or just restart your shell
$ dune <TAB>
build
cache
clean
coq
describe
diagnostics
exec
...

    

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 29 to
November 05, 2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

GPTar 1.0.0
opam 2.3.0~rc1
Call for Contributions: BOB 2025 (Berlin, March 14 - Deadline Nov 15)
First beta release for OCaml 5.3.0
dune 3.16
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


GPTar 1.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Reynir Bj=C3=B6rnsson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce [GPTar] 1.0.0!

  GPTar is a small library to create a /tartition table/, that is, a tar
  archive that also contains a valid GUID partition table (GPT).

  It exploits the fact that the important areas of a protective MBR in
  GPT and a tar header are mostly disjoint. The tar header fits almost
  exactly in the boot strap code of a master boot record (MBR) with the
  last 54 bytes of the tar header overlapping with the partition table
  of the (protective) MBR. Thakfully, those are the 54 last bytes of the
  155 byte long NUL terminated "filename prefix" of the tar header. So
  as long as we put a NUL byte before the partition table tar will
  happily ignore the partition table data.

  To further hide the actual GPT header & partition table from tar
  utilities the first tar header uses the GNU volume header extension
  with the GPT header & partition table as the "file contents". This
  makes GNU tar list the volume header but when extracting files the
  volume header is skipped. For *released* versions of bsdtar this
  unfortunately results in a "bad archive" error - however, the as-yet
  unreleased libarchive/bsdtar fixes this "bug" and allows for this
  abuse of volume headers (see the "update" blog post).

  For more in depth details you may be interested in reading the
  following two blog articles:

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


[GPTar] 

Why!?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Great question. At [Robur] we developed an [opam-mirror] unikernel
  that acts as an opam repository and package source archive cache
  similar to . There we use tar as a filesystem
  for the package source archive cache. Later, we started using the end
  of the block device to cache data such as git state and computed
  package source archive checksums.

  The neat feature is we could use regular old bsdtar or GNU tar in the
  host system to inspect the tar filesystem data. The downside was the
  lack of a partition table using offsets provided by boot arguments for
  where to find the cached data. With GPTar we can have both! Inspect
  the tar filesystem data while being more robust with a partition
  table.

  Also, it was very fun to develop.


[Robur] 

[opam-mirror] 


opam 2.3.0~rc1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're happy to announce the first and hopefully only release candidate
  of opam 2.3.0.

  This version does not have any significant change compared to the
  previous 2.3.0~beta2 release and we hope the final release to also
  have no significant change.  Regardless, we invite users to test this
  version to make sure there isn't any regressions.

  Unless a regression is spotted or another problem arises, we hope to
  have the final release of 2.3.0 out on the 12th of November.


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are pretty much the same:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.3.0~rc1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.3.0~rc1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please report any issues to [the bug-tracker].


[the bug-tracker] 


Call for Contributions: BOB 2025 (Berlin, March 14 - Deadline Nov 15)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Later in this thread, Michael Sperber announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  OCaml content is most welcome at BOB - send us your proposal!


First beta release for OCaml 5.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  One month and half after the release of the first alpha for OCaml
  5.3.0, the release of OCaml 5.3.0 is drawing near.

  The internal API of the compiler libraries has been frozen, and most
  core developer tools support (or will support soon) the new version of
  the compiler.

  We have thus released a first beta version of OCaml 5.3.0 to help you
  update your software and libraries ahead of the release (see below for
  the installation instructions). More information about the whole
  release process is now available in the [compiler repository].

  Compared to the first alpha release, this beta contains a few runtime
  or typechecker fixes, a handful of fixes for the runtime event library
  and other miscellaneous fixes.

  Exceptionally, this beta release also introduces a new flag
  `-keywords` for the compiler. This backward compatibility flag aims to
  help compiling old code that are using `effect` as a normal
  identifier, now that `effect` is a keyword in the new effect handler
  syntax.

  The progresses on stabilising the ecosystem are tracked on the [opam
  readiness for 5.3.0 meta-issue].

  The full release is expected in the end of November or beginning of
  December, see the [new prospective calendar] for more information.

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the
  new OCaml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available
  [on GitHub] and a short list of the changes since the last alpha is
  available below.


[compiler repository]


[opam readiness for 5.3.0 meta-issue]


[new prospective calendar]


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[on GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0~beta1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml archives at Inria]


[GitHub] 

[OCaml archives at Inria]


=E2=97=8A Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.3.0~beta1+opt=
ions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  switch create 5.3.0~beta1+flambda+nffa
  ocaml-variants.5.3.0~beta1+options ocaml-option-flambda
  ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Changes since the first alpha
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Runtime fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#13502]: Fix misindexing related to `Gc.finalise_last' that co=
uld
    prevent finalisers from being run.  (Nick Roberts, review by Mark
    Shinwell)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13402], [#13512], [#13549], [#13553]: Revise bytecode
    implementation of callbacks so that it no longer produces dangling
    registered bytecode fragments.  (Xavier Leroy, report by Jan
    Midtgaard, analysis by Stephen Dolan, review by Miod Vallat)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13520]: Fix compilation of native-code version of
    systhreads. Bytecode fields were being included in the thread
    descriptors.  (David Allsopp, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and Miod
    Vallat)


  [#13502] 

  [#13402] 

  [#13512] 

  [#13549] 

  [#13553] 

  [#13520] 


=E2=97=8A Typechecker fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#13579], [#13583]: Unsoundness involving non-injective types +
    gadts (Jacques Garrigue, report by @v-gb, review by Richard
    Eisenberg and Florian Angeletti)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13388], [#13540]: raises an error message (and not an internal
    compiler error) when two local substitutions are incompatible (for
    instance `module type S:=3Dsig end type t:=3D(module S)') (Florian
    Angeletti, report by Nailen Matschke, review by Gabriel Scherer, and
    Leo White)


  [#13579] 

  [#13583] 

  [#13388] 

  [#13540] 


=E2=97=8A Compiler flag

  =E2=80=A2 [#13471]: add `-keywords ' flag to define the li=
st of
    keywords recognized by the lexer, for instance `-keywords 5.2'
    disable the `effect' keyword.  (Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel
    Scherer)


  [#13471] 


=E2=97=8A Runtime event library fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#13419]: Fix memory bugs in runtime events system.  (B. Szilva=
sy
    and Nick Barnes, review by Miod Vallat, Nick Barnes, Tim
    McGilchrist, and Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13407]: Add Runtime_events.EV_EMPTY_MINOR (Thomas Leonard)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13522]: Confirm runtime events ring is still active after
    callback.  (KC Sivaramakrishnan, review by Sadiq Jaffer and Miod
    Vallat)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13529]: Do not write to event ring after going out of stw
    participant set.  (KC Sivaramakrishnan, review by Sadiq Jaffer)


  [#13419] 

  [#13407] 

  [#13522] 

  [#13529] 


=E2=97=8A Documentation

  =E2=80=A2 [#13424]: Fix `Gc.quick_stat' documentation to clarify that ret=
urned
    fields `live_words', `live_blocks', `free_words', and `fragments'
    are not zero.  (Jan Midtgaard, review by Damien Doligez and KC
    Sivaramakrishnan)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13440]: Update documentation of `Gc.{control,get,set}' to ref=
lect
    fields not currently supported on OCaml 5.  (Jan Midtgaard, review
    by Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13469], [#13474], [#13535]: Document that [Hashtbl.create n]
    creates a hash table with a default minimal size, even if [n] is
    very small or negative.  (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, Nick Bares, report by
    Nikolaus Huber and Jan Midtgaard, review by Florian Angeletti, Anil
    Madhavapeddy, Gabriel Scherer, and Miod Vallat)


  [#13424] 

  [#13440] 

  [#13469] 

  [#13474] 

  [#13535] 


=E2=97=8A Standard library internal fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#13543]: Remove some String-Bytes conversion from the stdlib to
    behave better with js_of_ocaml (Hugo Heuzard, review by Gabriel
    Scherer)


  [#13543] 


=E2=97=8A Toplevel fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#13263], [#13560]: fix printing true and false in toplevel and
    error messages (no more unexpected #true) (Florian Angeletti, report
    by Samuel Vivien, review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#13263] 

  [#13560] 


=E2=97=8A Compiler internals

  =E2=80=A2 [#13391], [#13551]: fix a printing bug with `-dsource' when usi=
ng
    raw literal inside a locally abstract type constraint (i.e. `let f:
    type #for. ...')  (Florian Angeletti, report by Nick Roberts, review
    by Richard Eisenberg)


  [#13391] 

  [#13551] 


dune 3.16
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We have release 3.16.1. This is a minor release of Dune to correct a
  bug related to the C++ compile. It comes with the following changes:


3.16.1 (2024-10-30)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 Call the C++ compiler with `-std=3Dc++11' when using OCaml >=3D=
 5.0
    (#10962, @kit-ty-kate)


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Making Crypto Safer: Introducing the ARGOS Project]
  =E2=80=A2 [Postes, t=C3=A9l=C3=A9graphes et t=C3=A9l=C3=A9phones, next st=
eps]
  =E2=80=A2 [GPTar (update)]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Making Crypto Safer: Introducing the ARGOS Project]


[Postes, t=C3=A9l=C3=A9graphes et t=C3=A9l=C3=A9phones, next steps]


[GPTar (update)] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 29 to Novembe=
r 05, 2024.

    





    

    GPTar 1.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-gptar-1-0-0/15527/1

    

    


    

    Reynir Bj=C3=B6rnsson announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce GPTar<=
/a> 1.0.0!

    


    
GPTar is a small library to create a tartition table, that is, a tar=
 archive that also contains a valid GUID partition table (GPT).

    


    
It exploits the fact that the important areas of a protective MBR in GPT an=
d a tar header are mostly disjoint. The tar header fits almost exactly in t=
he boot strap code of a master boot record (MBR) with the last 54 bytes of =
the tar header overlapping with the partition table of the (protective) MBR=
. Thakfully, those are the 54 last bytes of the 155 byte long NUL terminate=
d "filename prefix" of the tar header. So as long as we put a NUL byte befo=
re the partition table tar will happily ignore the partition table data.

    


    
To further hide the actual GPT header & partition table from tar utilit=
ies the first tar header uses the GNU volume header extension with the GPT =
header & partition table as the "file contents". This makes GNU tar lis=
t the volume header but when extracting files the volume header is skipped.=
 For released versions of bsdtar this unfortunately results in a "ba=
d archive" error - however, the as-yet unreleased libarchive/bsdtar fixes t=
his "bug" and allows for this abuse of volume headers (see the "update" blo=
g post).

    


    
For more in depth details you may be interested in reading the following tw=
o blog articles:

    

    

    


    

    Why!?
    

    

    
Great question. At Robur we developed a=
n opam-mirror uni=
kernel that acts as an opam repository and package source archive cache sim=
ilar to https://opam.ocaml.org/. Th=
ere we use tar as a filesystem for the package source archive cache. Later,=
 we started using the end of the block device to cache data such as git sta=
te and computed package source archive checksums.

    


    
The neat feature is we could use regular old bsdtar or GNU tar in the host =
system to inspect the tar filesystem data. The downside was the lack of a p=
artition table using offsets provided by boot arguments for where to find t=
he cached data. With GPTar we can have both! Inspect the tar filesystem dat=
a while being more robust with a partition table.

    


    
Also, it was very fun to develop.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    opam 2.3.0~rc1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-3-0-rc1/15533/1

    

    


    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
We're happy to announce the first and hopefully only release candidate of o=
pam 2.3.0.

    


    
This version does not have any significant change compared to the previous =
2.3.0~beta2 release
and we hope the final release to also have no significant change.
Regardless, we invite users to test this version to make sure there isn't a=
ny regressions.

    


    
Unless a regression is spotted or another problem arises, we hope to have t=
he final release of 2.3.0 out on the 12th of November.

    

    


    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are pretty much the same:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
3.0~rc1"

    


    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.3.0~rc1"

    


    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    

    

    

    

    





    

    Call for Contributions: BOB 2025 (Berlin, March 14 - Deadline =
Nov 15)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/c=
all-for-contributions-bob-2025-berlin-march-14-deadline-nov-15/15371/2

    

    


    

    Later in this thread, Michael Sperber announced
    

    

    
OCaml content is most welcome at BOB - send us your proposal!

    

    

    

    





    

    First beta release for OCaml 5.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-beta-release-for-ocaml-5=
-3-0/15551/1

    

    


    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
One month and half after the release of the first alpha for OCaml 5.3.0, th=
e release of OCaml 5.3.0 is drawing near.

    


    
The internal API of the compiler libraries has been frozen, and most core d=
eveloper tools support (or will support soon) the new version of the compil=
er.

    


    
We have thus released a first beta version of OCaml 5.3.0 to help you updat=
e your software and libraries ahead of the release (see below for the insta=
llation instructions). More information about the whole release process is =
now available in the compiler repository.

    


    
Compared to the first alpha release, this beta contains a few runtime or ty=
pechecker fixes, a handful of fixes for the runtime event library and other=
 miscellaneous fixes.

    


    
Exceptionally, this beta release also introduces a new flag `-keywords` for=
 the compiler. This backward compatibility flag aims to help compiling old =
code that are using `effect` as a normal identifier, now that `effect` is a=
 keyword in the new effect handler syntax.

    


    
The progresses on stabilising the ecosystem are tracked on the opam readiness for 5.=
3.0 meta-issue.

    


    
The full release is expected in the end of November or beginning of Decembe=
r, see the new prospective calendar for more information.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the new OCa=
ml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available on GitHub and a short =
list of the changes since the last alpha is available below.

    

    


    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.3.0~beta1

    


    
The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

    



    


      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      


      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.3.0~beta1+options &=
lt;option_list>

      


      
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

      


      opam

      

      
switch create 5.3.0~beta1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.3.0~beta1+options o=
caml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      


      
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

      

      

      • 

    

    


    

    Changes since the first alpha
    

    

    

      

    • Runtime fixes
      

      

        

      • #13502: Fix=
 misindexing related to Gc.finalise_last that could prevent
finalisers from being run.
(Nick Roberts, review by Mark Shinwell)
        • 

      • #13402, #13512, #13549, #13553: Revise bytecode implemen=
tation of callbacks
so that it no longer produces dangling registered bytecode fragments.
(Xavier Leroy, report by Jan Midtgaard, analysis by Stephen Dolan,
 review by Miod Vallat)
        • 

      • #13520: Fix=
 compilation of native-code version of systhreads. Bytecode fields
were being included in the thread descriptors.
(David Allsopp, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and Miod Vallat)
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Typechecker fixes
      

      

        

      • #13579, #13583: Unsoundnes=
s involving non-injective types + gadts
(Jacques Garrigue, report by @v-gb,
 review by Richard Eisenberg and Florian Angeletti)
        • 

      • #13388, #13540: raises an =
error message (and not an internal compiler error)
when two local substitutions are incompatible (for instance module ty=
pe S:=3Dsig end type t:=3D(module S))
(Florian Angeletti, report by Nailen Matschke, review by Gabriel Scherer, a=
nd
Leo White)
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Compiler flag
      

      

        

      • #13471: add=
 -keywords <version?+list> flag to define the list of ke=
ywords
recognized by the lexer, for instance -keywords 5.2 disable th=
e effect
keyword.
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Runtime event library fixes
      

      

        

      • #13419: Fix=
 memory bugs in runtime events system.
(B. Szilvasy and Nick Barnes, review by Miod Vallat, Nick Barnes,
 Tim McGilchrist, and Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      • #13407: Add=
 Runtime_events.EV_EMPTY_MINOR
(Thomas Leonard)
        • 

      • #13522: Con=
firm runtime events ring is still active after callback.
(KC Sivaramakrishnan, review by Sadiq Jaffer and Miod Vallat)
        • 

      • #13529: Do =
not write to event ring after going out of stw participant set.
(KC Sivaramakrishnan, review by Sadiq Jaffer)
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Documentation
      

      

        

      • #13424: Fix=
 Gc.quick_stat documentation to clarify that returned fields
live_words, live_blocks, free_words,=
 and fragments are not zero.
(Jan Midtgaard, review by Damien Doligez and KC Sivaramakrishnan)
        • 

      • #13440: Upd=
ate documentation of Gc.{control,get,set} to reflect fields
not currently supported on OCaml 5.
(Jan Midtgaard, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      • #13469, #13474, #13535: Document that [Ha=
shtbl.create n] creates a hash table
with a default minimal size, even if [n] is very small or negative.
(Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, Nick Bares, report by Nikolaus Huber and Jan Midtgaar=
d,
 review by Florian Angeletti, Anil Madhavapeddy, Gabriel Scherer,
 and Miod Vallat)
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Standard library internal fix
      

      

        

      • #13543: Rem=
ove some String-Bytes conversion from the stdlib to behave better
with js_of_ocaml
(Hugo Heuzard, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Toplevel fix
      

      

        

      • #13263, #13560: fix printi=
ng true and false in toplevel and error
messages (no more unexpected #true)
(Florian Angeletti, report by Samuel Vivien, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 


    • Compiler internals
      

      

        

      • #13391, #13551: fix a prin=
ting bug with -dsource when using
raw literal inside a locally abstract type constraint
(i.e. let f: type #for. ...)
(Florian Angeletti, report by Nick Roberts, review by Richard Eisenberg)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    





    

    dune 3.16
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-16/14889/2

    

    


    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
We have release 3.16.1. This is a minor release of Dune to correct a bug re=
lated to the C++ compile. It comes with the following changes:

    

    


    

    3.16.1 (2024-10-30)
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Call the C++ compiler with -std=3Dc++11 when using OCaml &=
gt;=3D 5.0
(#10962, @kit-ty-kate)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    










    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 05 to 12,
2024.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency
findlib-1.9.7
First release candidate for OCaml 5.2.1
mirage-swapfs
Dune dev meeting
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency
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  Archive:
  


polytypic announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce that Picos version 0.6.0 has been released!

        Picos is a systems programming interface between effects
        based schedulers and concurrent abstractions.

  A lot of work has been done on Picos since previous announcements.

  You might start on the new minimalist landing page for [Picos], which,
  among other things, allows you to access the documentation of all the
  released Picos versions.

  Also, in case you missed it, a recording of the talk

        [Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency]

  can be found [here].

  We also held a workshop on concurrency and parallelism at [Fun
  OCaml]. You might enjoy trying out [the exercise we developed for the
  workshop].

  As, for reasons of dependencies, Picos now comes in no less than [8
  packages] and multiple libraries, here is a summary of the packages
  and the libraries inside each package:

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos'] =E2=80=94 Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based=
 concurrency
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos'] =E2=80=94 A systems programming interface between e=
ffects based
      schedulers and concurrent abstractions
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos.domain'] =E2=80=94 Minimalistic domain API available =
both on OCaml
      5 and on OCaml 4
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos.thread'] =E2=80=94 Minimalistic thread API available =
with or
      without threads.posix

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos_mux'] =E2=80=94 Sample schedulers for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_mux.fifo'] =E2=80=94 Basic single-threaded effects ba=
sed Picos
      compatible scheduler for OCaml 5
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_mux.multififo'] =E2=80=94 Basic multi-threaded effect=
s based Picos
      compatible scheduler for OCaml 5
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_mux.random'] =E2=80=94 Randomized multi-threaded effe=
cts based
      Picos compatible scheduler for OCaml 5
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_mux.thread'] =E2=80=94 Basic Thread based Picos compa=
tible
      scheduler for OCaml 4

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos_std'] =E2=80=94 Sample libraries for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_std.finally'] =E2=80=94 Syntax for avoiding resource =
leaks for
      Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_std.awaitable'] =E2=80=94 Basic futex-like awaitable =
atomic
      location for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_std.event'] =E2=80=94 Basic event abstraction for Pic=
os
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_std.structured'] =E2=80=94 Basic structured concurren=
cy primitives
      for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_std.sync'] =E2=80=94 Basic communication and synchron=
ization
      primitives for Picos

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos_io'] =E2=80=94 Asynchronous IO system for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_io'] =E2=80=94 Basic IO facilities based on OCaml sta=
ndard
      libraries for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_io.select'] =E2=80=94 Basic Unix.select based IO even=
t loop for
      Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_io.fd'] =E2=80=94 Externally reference counted file d=
escriptors

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos_io_cohttp'] =E2=80=94 Cohttp running on Picos IO
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_io_cohttp'] =E2=80=94 Minimalistic Cohttp implementat=
ion using
      Picos_io for Picos

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos_lwt'] =E2=80=94 Lwt interface for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_lwt'] =E2=80=94 Direct style Picos compatible interfa=
ce to Lwt for
      OCaml 5
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_lwt.unix'] =E2=80=94 Direct style Picos compatible in=
terface to
      Lwt with Lwt_unix for OCaml 5

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos_aux'] =E2=80=94 Auxiliary libraries for Picos
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_aux.htbl'] =E2=80=94 Lock-free hash table
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_aux.mpmcq'] =E2=80=94 Lock-free multi-producer, multi=
-consumer
      queue
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_aux.mpscq'] =E2=80=94 Lock-free multi-producer, singl=
e-consumer
      queue
    =E2=80=A2 [`picos_aux.rc'] =E2=80=94 External reference counting tables=
 for
      disposable resources

  =E2=80=A2 [`picos_meta'] =E2=80=94 Integration tests for Picos packages

  In addition to the above, [Moonpool] now uses Picos underneath.

  And, I almost forgot, there is a ready to be merged [PR for Kcas to
  change it to use Picos].  You should be able to try it with an opam
  [pin-depends].


[Picos] 

[Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency]


[here] 

[Fun OCaml] 

[the exercise we developed for the workshop]


[8 packages] 

[`picos']


[`picos']


[`picos.domain']


[`picos.thread']


[`picos_mux']


[`picos_mux.fifo']


[`picos_mux.multififo']


[`picos_mux.random']


[`picos_mux.thread']


[`picos_std']


[`picos_std.finally']


[`picos_std.awaitable']


[`picos_std.event']


[`picos_std.structured']


[`picos_std.sync']


[`picos_io']


[`picos_io']


[`picos_io.select']


[`picos_io.fd']


[`picos_io_cohttp']


[`picos_io_cohttp']


[`picos_lwt']


[`picos_lwt']


[`picos_lwt.unix']


[`picos_aux']


[`picos_aux.htbl']


[`picos_aux.mpmcq']


[`picos_aux.mpscq']


[`picos_aux.rc']


[`picos_meta']


[Moonpool] 

[PR for Kcas to change it to use Picos]


[pin-depends]



findlib-1.9.7
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gerd Stolpmann announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  findlib-1.9.7 is out. This is mostly a bugfix release. There is now
  also some support for relocability (driven by environment variables),
  contributed by Marek Kubica.

  For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

  

  An updated OPAM package will follow soon.


First release candidate for OCaml 5.2.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release of OCaml version 5.2.1 is imminent.

  OCaml 5.2.1 is a collection of safe but import runtime time bug fixes
  backported from the 5.3 branch of OCaml. The full list of bug fixes is
  available below.

  In order to ensure that the future release works as expected, we are
  planning to test a release candidate during the upcoming week.

  If you find any bugs, please report them here on [GitHub].


[GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.2.1~rc1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the release candidate is available on

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [Inria archives]


[GitHub] 

[Inria archives]


=E2=97=8A Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.2.1~rc1+optio=
ns 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where `` is a space-separated list of `ocaml-option-*`
  packages. For instance, for a `flambda` and `no-flat-float-array`
  switch:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.2.1~rc1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.2.1~=
rc1+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option`.

  *Changes Since OCaml 5.2.0*


Runtime System:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [#13207]: Be sure to reload the register caching the exception
    handler in caml_c_call and caml_c_call_stack_args, as its value may
    have been changed if the OCaml stack is expanded during a callback.
    (Miod Vallat, report by Vesa Karvonen, review by Gabriel Scherer and
    Xavier Leroy)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13252]: Rework register assignment in the interpreter code on=
 m68k
    on Linux, due to the %a5 register being used by Glibc.  (Miod
    Vallat, report by St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Gabriel Scherer and
    Xavier Leroy)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13268]: Fix a call to test in configure.ac that was causing e=
rrors
    when LDFLAGS contains several words.  (St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by
    Miod Vallat)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13234], [#13267]: Open runtime events file in read-write mode=
 on
    armel (armv5) systems due to atomic operations limitations on that
    platform.  (St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Miod Vallat and Vincent
    Laviron)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13188]: fix races in the FFI code coming from the use of
    Int_val(=E2=80=A6)  on rooted values inside blocking questions / withou=
t the
    runtime lock.  (Calling Int_val(=E2=80=A6) on non-rooted immediates is =
fine,
    but any access to rooted values must be done outside blocking
    sections / with the runtime lock.)  (Etienne Millon, review by
    Gabriel Scherer, Jan Midtgaard, Olivier Nicole)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13318]: Fix regression in GC alarms, and fix them for flambda.
    (Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni, report by Benjamin Monate, review by
    Vincent Laviron and Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13140]: POWER back-end: fix issue with call to
    `caml_call_realloc_stack` from a DLL (Xavier Leroy, review by Miod
    Vallat)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13370]: Fix a low-probability crash when calling Gc.counters.
    (Demi Marie Obenour, review by Gabriel Scherer)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13402], [#13512], [#13549], [#13553]: Revise bytecode
    implementation of callbacks so that it no longer produces dangling
    registered bytecode fragments.  (Xavier Leroy, report by Jan
    Midtgaard, analysis by Stephen Dolan, review by Miod Vallat)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13502]: Fix misindexing related to `Gc.finalise_last` that co=
uld
    prevent finalisers from being run.  (Nick Roberts, review by Mark
    Shinwell)
  =E2=80=A2 [#13520]: Fix compilation of native-code version of
    systhreads. Bytecode fields were being included in the thread
    descriptors.  (David Allsopp, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and Miod
    Vallat)


[#13207] 

[#13252] 

[#13268] 

[#13234] 

[#13267] 

[#13188] 

[#13318] 

[#13140] 

[#13370] 

[#13402] 

[#13512] 

[#13549] 

[#13553] 

[#13502] 

[#13520] 


mirage-swapfs
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Reynir Bj=C3=B6rnsson announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the first release of [mirage-swapfs] (swapfs
  on opam). It is an experimental library to use a mirage block device
  for ephemeral, append-only, anonymous "files". It was developed for
  use cases such as in [opam-mirror] where opam package source archives
  are downloaded. The files are first downloaded to "swap" and if the
  download succeeds and the checksum is as expected the data is then
  copied over to the tar filesystem.

  Internally it uses a weak pointer array (`Weak.t') to map "block"
  offsets to handles. The idea is the garbage collector can help us free
  up "blocks" if the user forgets to explicitly free the handle. A
  "block" is (configurable, see `blocking_factor') multiple of sectors
  in order to reduce bookkeeping overhead. With a sector size of 512
  bytes the default is 1 MiB per block.

  See also the documentation
  

  I would be interested to hear about other ideas or approaches.


[mirage-swapfs] 

[opam-mirror] 


Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting tomorrow, on Wednesday,
  November, 13th at *9:00* CET. :warning: Note that the session has been
  moved *one hour earlier*. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

  Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or
  just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened!
  The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the
  ongoing work together and synchronise between the Dune developers
  !:smile:


:calendar: Agenda
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  The agenda is available on the [meeting dedicated page]. Feel free to
  ask if you want to add more items in it.


[meeting dedicated page]



:computer: Links
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Meeting link:[ zoom]
  =E2=80=A2 Calendar event:[ google calendar]
  =E2=80=A2 Wiki with information and previous notes:[ GitHub Wiki]


[ zoom]


[ google calendar]


[ GitHub Wiki] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Beta release of Frama-C 30.0~beta (Zinc)]
  =E2=80=A2 [Making OCaml Mainstream: Support Our Open Source Work on GitHu=
b]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Beta release of Frama-C 30.0~beta (Zinc)]


[Making OCaml Mainstream: Support Our Open Source Work on GitHub]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News











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From: Alan Schmitt 
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 12 to 19, 20=
24.

    



    

    Boulder Dash in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2024-11/msg00007.html=


    

    

    

    Andreas Rossberg announced
    

    

    
Boulder Dash(*) was my favourite computer game in the 8-bit era, first rele=
ased on the Atari
400/800 in 1984. Though I never owned an 8-bit machine myself, I had friend=
s that I annoyed
enough to let me play it on theirs.

    


    
As a homage to its 40th anniversary, I put together a fairly faithful clone=
 of the original game,
implemented in just a few 100 lines of bare OCaml, with nothing but the hom=
ely Graphics library.
It should run on Windows, Mac, and Linux, though I was too lazy to test the=
 latter.

    


    
Features:

    

      

    • Faithful original physics, graphics, and animations
      • 

    • Authentic scrolling mechanics combined with dynamic window resizing
      • 

    • All 20 levels, including intermissions, and 5 difficulties
      • 

    • Pause-and-go mode for relaxed playing
      • 

    


    
It is open-source here:

    


    
https://github.com/ros=
sberg/boulder-dash

    


    
Enjoy!

    


    
/Andreas

    


    
(*) htt=
ps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boulder_Dash_(video_game)=20
    "Boulder Dash" is a trademark of BBG Entertainment

    

    

    

    

    

    Jane Street OCaml extensions =E2=80=93 now with developer tool=
ing!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-j=
ane-street-ocaml-extensions-now-with-developer-tooling/15597/1

    

    

    

    Diana Kalinichenko announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! We've just released a new version of our compiler extensions, =
complete with all our packages and support for developer tooling, including=
 ocamlformat, merlin and ocaml-lsp-server. Get the install instructions at =
our GitHub, and enjoy the experience in your favorite editor like V=
SCode, Emacs or Vim.

    


    
More documentation coming soon :slight_smile:. Stay tuned for future releas=
es!

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.3.0 is out!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-3-0-is-out/15609/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
As mentioned in our talk at the OCaml Workshop 2024, we de=
cided to switch to a time-based release cycle (every 6 months), starting wi=
th opam 2.3.

    


    
As promised, we are happy to announce the final release of opam 2.3.0.

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s new?
    

    

      

    • When loading a repository, opam now ignores files in packages=E2=80=
=99 files/ directories which aren=E2=80=99t listed in the extra-files field=
 of the opam file. :warning: If you maintain an opam repository, please=
 read our blog post=
 to make sure your repository stays compatible.
      • 

    • Packages requiring an unsupported version of opam are now marked una=
vailable, instead of causing a repository error. This means an opam rep=
ository can now allow smoother upgrade in the future
      • 

    • opam list –latests-only: a new option to list only the la=
test versions of packages
      • 

    • –verbose-on: a new option to enable verbose output for sp=
ecified package names.
      • 

    • opam switch import –deps-only: a new option to install on=
ly the dependencies of the root packages listed in the opam switch export f=
ile
      • 

    • opam switch list-available no longer displays compilers flagged =
with avoid-version~/~deprecated unless --all is g=
iven, meaning that pre-release or unreleased OCaml packages no longer appea=
r to be the latest version
      • 

    • The builtin-0install solver was improved and should now be capab=
le of being your default solver instead of builtin-mccs+glpk. =
If you wish to give it a try, simply calling opam option solver=3Dbui=
ltin-0install (call opam option solver=3D restores the =
default)
      • 

    • Most of the unhelpful conflict messages were fixed :flashlight:<=
/li>

    • Fix the internal cache of installed packages, which was storing =
the wrong version of the opam file after a build failure. (#6213)
      • 

    


    
Various performance and other improvements were made and bugs were fixed.

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and more, and =
for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh)"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) }"

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Installing Developer Tools with Dune
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/installing-developer-tools-w=
ith-dune/15612/1

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Dune can install and run developer tools in the context of a project. This =
feature is available in the Dune De=
veloper Preview and in the upcoming release of Dune 3.17. As with all o=
f Dune's package management features, consider this feature to be unstable =
as its UI and semantics may change without notice.

    


    
The currently supported tools are ocamllsp and ocamlform=
at. Dune has a new command dune tools exec <TOOL> -- [AR=
GS]... which downloads and installs the given tool, and then runs it=
 with the given arguments (note the -- which separates argumen=
ts to dune from arguments to the tool). Tools are installed lo=
cally to the project, in its _build directory, which makes it =
easy to use different versions of a tool in different projects. An unfortun=
ate consequence of installing tools into _build is that for th=
e time being all tools are uninstalled whenever dune clean is =
run.

    


    
Let's see it in action:

    

    $ dune tools exec ocamlformat -- --version
Solution for dev-tools.locks/ocamlformat:
- ocamlformat.0.26.2+binary-ocaml-5.2.0-built-2024-11-07.0-x86_64-unknown-l=
inux-musl
    Building ocamlformat.0.26.2+binary-ocaml-5.2.0-built-2024-11-07.0-x86_6=
4-unknown-linux-musl
     Running 'ocamlformat --version'
0.26.2

    

    

    

    Precompiled Binaries
    

    

    
Note that in the example above, Dune's package solver chose to install vers=
ion 0.26.2+binary-ocaml-5.2.0-built-2024-11-07.0-x86_64-unknown-linux=
-musl of ocamlformat. This packages comes from a new repository of=
 binary packages containing pre-built executables for a select few Opam=
 packages. Dune will search this repository in addition to the default repo=
sitories when solving packages for tools only (if a project has ocaml=
format in its dependencies, the binary repository won't be searched =
while solving the project's dependencies).

    


    
The goal of the binary repository is to reduce the time it takes to get sta=
rted working on a new project. Without it, Dune would need to build o=
camlformat from source along with all of its dependencies, which can=
 take several minutes.

    


    
For now only a small number of package versions are contained in the binary=
 repository. To demonstrate, here's what happens if we run dune tools=
 exec ocamlformat in a project with version=3D0.26.1 in=
 its .ocamlformat file:

    

     $ dune tools exec ocamlformat -- --version
Solution for dev-tools.locks/ocamlformat:
- astring.0.8.5
- base.v0.17.1
- base-bytes.base
- base-unix.base
- camlp-streams.5.0.1
- cmdliner.1.3.0
...
- ocamlformat.0.26.1
...
    Building base-unix.base
    Building ocaml-base-compiler.5.1.1
    Building ocaml-config.3
    Building ocaml.5.1.1
    Building seq.base
    Building cmdliner.1.3.0
...
    Building ocamlformat.0.26.1
     Running 'ocamlformat --version'
0.26.1

    


    
Dune parses .ocamlformat to determine which version of o=
camlformat to install, and 0.26.1 is not in the binary =
repo so it needed to be built from source.

    


    
If your project requires a version of a package not available in the binary=
 repository, or you're on an operating system or architecture for which no =
binary version of a package exists, the package will be built from source i=
nstead. Currently the binary repository contains binaries of ocamlfor=
mat.0.26.2, ocaml-lsp-server.1.18.0 and ocaml-lsp=
-server.1.19.0 for x86_64-unknown-linux-musl, x86=
_64-apple-darwin and aarch64-apple-darwin.

    


    
Note that Linux binaries are statically linked with muslc so they should wo=
rk on all distros regardless of dynamic linker.

    

    

    

    

    Running ocamllsp
    

    

    
The program ocamllsp from the package ocaml-lsp-server analyzes OCaml code and sends information to text editors using the <=
a href=3D"https://microsoft.github.io/language-server-protocol/">Language S=
erver Protocol. The tool is crucial to OCaml's editor integration and i=
t has a couple of quirks that are worth mentioning here.

    


    
TL;DR: Install Dune with the install script on the Developer Preview page and you'll get an ocamllsp shell script that will install and run the =
correct version of ocamllsp for your project.

    


    
Firstly the ocamllsp executable can only analyze code that has=
 been compiled with the same version of the OCaml compiler as was used to c=
ompile the ocamllsp executable itself. Different versions of t=
he ocaml-lsp-server package are incompatible with some version=
s of the OCaml compiler (e.g. ocaml-lsp-server.1.19.0 must be =
built with at least 5.2.0 of the compiler). This means that wh=
en Dune is choosing which version of ocaml-lsp-server to insta=
ll it needs to know which version of the compiler your project is using. Th=
is is only known after the project has been locked (by running dune p=
kg lock), so Dune will refuse to install ocamllsp in a =
project that doesn't have a lock directory or for a project that doesn't de=
pend on the OCaml compiler.

    


    $ dune tools exec ocamllsp
Error: Unable to load the lockdir for the default build context.
Hint: Try running 'dune pkg lock'

    


    
The ocaml-lsp-server packages in the binary repository contain metada=
ta to ensure that the ocamllsp executable that gets installed =
was built with the same version of the compiler as your project. For exampl=
e the ocaml-lsp-server package built with ocaml.5.2.0 contains this line:

    


    conflicts: "ocaml" {!=3D "5.2.0"}

    


    
This prevents it from being chosen if the project depends on any version of=
 the compiler other than 5.2.0.

    


    
Another quirk is that ocamllsp will try to invoke the binaries=
 ocamlformat and ocamlformat-rpc, both found in t=
he ocamlformat package. The ocaml-lsp-server pack=
age doesn't depend on ocamlformat as the specific version of <=
code>ocamlformat needed by a project is implied by the project's .ocamlformat file, which package managers don't consider when sol=
ving dependencies. This means that in general (whether using Dune or Opam f=
or package management) it's up to the user to make sure that the correct ve=
rsion of ocamlformat is installed in order to use the formatti=
ng features of ocamllsp.

    


    
Otherwise expect this error in your editor:

    

    Unable to find 'ocamlformat-rpc' binary. Types on hover may not be well-for=
matted. You need to install either 'ocamlformat' of version > 0.21.0 or,=
 otherwise, 'ocamlformat-rpc' package.

    


    
Even if ocamllsp and ocamlformat are both install=
ed by Dune, if you run dune tools exec ocamllsp you will find =
that ocamllsp still can't find the ocamlformat or=
 ocamlformat-rpc executables. This is because unlike Opam, Dun=
e does not install tools into your $PATH, and for the sake of =
simplicity, the dune tools exec <TOOL> command does not =
modify the environment of the tool it launches. This can be fixed by adding=
 _build/_private/default/.dev-tool/ocamlformat/ocamlformat/target/bin=
 (the directory containing ocamlformat and ocamlf=
ormat-rpc when ocamlformat is installed by dune) to the=
 start of your $PATH variable before running dune tools =
exec ocamllsp. For example starting ocamllsp with the f=
ollowing shell script:

    


    

    OCAMLFORMAT_TA=
RGET=3D"_build/_private/default/.dev=
-tool/ocamlformat/ocamlformat/target"

if [ ! -f $OCAMLF=
ORMAT_TARGET/cookie ]; then
    # Make sure that the ocamlformat de=
v tool is installed as it's needed by
    # ocamllsp. There's currently no co=
mmand that just installs ocamlformat so
    # we need to run it and ignore the =
result.
    dune tools exec ocamlformat -- --help > /dev/null
fi

# Add ocamlformat to the environment in=
 which ocamllsp runs so ocamllsp can invoke ocamlformat.
export PATH=3D"$PWD/$=
OCAMLFORMAT_TARGET/bin:$PATH"

# Build and run ocamllsp.
dune tools exec ocamllsp -- "$@"

    

    


    
Of course, it's rare to manually start ocamllsp directly from =
your terminal. It's normally launched by text editors. It would be impracti=
cal to configure your text editor to modify $PATH and run a cu=
stom command to start ocamllsp via Dune, and doing so would ma=
ke it impossible to edit any project that doesn't=
 use Dune for package management. Instead, the Dune Developer Previe=
w ships with a shell script which installs oc=
amlformat and adds its bin directory to $PATH before launching dune tools exec ocamllsp. The script is s=
imply named ocamllsp, and the Dune Developer Preview install s=
cript adds it to ~/.dune/bin which should already be in your <=
code>$PATH if you're using the Developer Preview. The ocamllsp=
 script also attempts to fall back to an Opam-managed installation o=
f ocamllsp if it doesn't detect a Dune lockdir so the same scr=
ipt should work for non-Dune projects. Because the script is named the same=
 as the ocamllsp executable, most editors don't require specia=
l configuration to run it. See the "Editor Configuration" section of the Dune Developer Preview page for m=
ore information about setting up your editor.

    


    
Some parts of the ocamllsp shell script may eventually make th=
eir way into Dune itself, but for the time being the shell script is the re=
commended way to launch ocamllsp for users of the Dune Develop=
er Preview. The net result is that as long as your project has a lockfile, =
the first time you edit some OCaml code in the project Dune will download a=
nd run the appropriate version of ocamllsp.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune Developer Preview Updates
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-developer-preview-up=
dates/15160/52

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
A new version of the vscode-ocaml-platform was just rel=
eased which fixes a few issues with ocamllsp. You'll probably have to updat=
e your install of the Dune Developer Preview (just rerun the command on this page). You'll need to configu=
re a custom sandbox for vscode by putting this in your settings.json<=
/code> file as otherwise the plugin assumes you're using opam =
to launch ocamllsp:

    

    

    {
  "ocaml.sandbox": {
    "kind": "custom",
    "template": "$prog $args"
  }
}

    

    

    

    

    

    

    First release of cmdlang
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-release-of-cmdlang/15616/1

    

    

    

    Mathieu Barbin announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone!

    


    
A little while ago, I posted about cmdlang, a library for creating command-l=
ine parsers in OCaml.

    


    
Today, I am happy to give you an update on this project with the announceme=
nt of an initial release of cmdlang packages to the opam-repository.

    


    
These are very early days for this project. I have started using the =
cmdlang+cmdliner combination in personal projects, and plan to exper=
iment with climate in the near future. Please feel free to eng=
age in issues/discussions, etc.

    


    
The most recent addition on the project is the development of an evaluation=
 engine based on stdlib/arg.

    


    
I'd also like to highlight some examples from the project's tests. Developi=
ng these characterization tests was a fun way to learn more about the diffe=
rent CLI libraries and their differences:

    




    
If you have ideas for more cases to add (entertaining or otherwise), I'd lo=
ve to integrate them into the test suite. Thanks!

    


    
Below, you'll find details of the released packages. Happy command parsing!

    


    
cmdlang the user facing library to build the commands. It has no dep=
endencies

    


    
cmdlang-to-cmdliner translate cmdlang commands to cmdliner

    


    
cmdlang-to-climate translate cmdlang commands to the newly released =
climate (compatibility checked with 0.1.0 & 0.2.0)

    


    
cmdlang-stdlib-runner an execution engine implemented on top of stdl=
ib.arg

    


    
Thank you to @mseri and the opam-repository maintainers for their help.

    

    

    

    

    

    findlib-1.9.8
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2024-11/msg00014.html=


    

    

    

    Gerd Stolpmann announced
    

    

    
Hi list,

    


    
findlib-1.9.8 is out, fixing a few issues that slipped into 1.9.7.

    


    
For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

    


    
http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html

    


    
An updated OPAM package will follow soon.

    

    

    

    

    

    Testo 0.1.0 - a new testing framework for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-testo-0-1-0=
-a-new-testing-framework-for-ocaml/15624/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
On this 86th anniversary of the first synthesis of LSD by Albert Hofmann, i=
t is my pleasure to announce T=
esto, a new testing library for OCaml.

    


    
It borrows a lot of ideas from Alcotest and is similar in spirit but adds a=
 few key features that seemed too difficult to incorporate into Alcotest. F=
or a gentle introduction, check out our tutorial. Important features include:

    


      

    • support for many options when creating a test of type Testo.t;
      • 

    • capturing stdout or stderr output for comparison against the expected o=
utput aka snapshots;
      • 

    • reviewing and approving tests without re-running them;
      • 

    • support for nested categories while keeping the test suite as a flat li=
st;
      • 

    • parallel execution using multiprocessing.
      • 

    


    
This is the first official release of Testo and its interface is likely to =
change in minor ways until we release version 1.0.0. We've been using it in=
ternally at Semgrep for about a year and it's been working well for us.

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 19 to 26, 20=
24.

    



    

    OCaml 5.2.1 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-2-1-released/15634/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
We have the pleasure of announcing the release of OCaml 5.2.1, dedicated to=
 the
memory of Niels Bohr and Paul =C3=89luard on the anniversary of their death=
s.

    


    
OCaml 5.2.1 is a collection of safe but import runtime time bug fixes backp=
orted
from the 5.3 branch of OCaml to improve the stability of the 5.2 runtime wh=
ile waiting for the
upcoming release of OCaml 5.3.0.

    


    
The full list of bug fixes is available below for more details.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti, for the OCaml team.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.2.1

    


    
The source code for the release is also directly available on:

    



    

    

    

    Bug Fixes In OCaml 5.2.1 (18 November 2024)
    

    

    

      

    • Runtime System:
      

      

        

      • #13207: Be =
sure to reload the register caching the exception handler in
caml_c_call and caml_c_call_stack_args, as its va=
lue may have been changed
if the OCaml stack is expanded during a callback.
(Miod Vallat, report by Vesa Karvonen, review by Gabriel Scherer and
 Xavier Leroy)
        • 

      • #13252: Rew=
ork register assignment in the interpreter code on m68k on Linux,
due to the %a5 register being used by GLIBC.
(Miod Vallat, report by St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Gabriel Scherer and
 Xavier Leroy)
        • 

      • #13268: Fix=
 a call to test in configure.ac that was causing errors when
LDFLAGS contains several words.
(St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Miod Vallat)
        • 

      • #13234, #13267: Open runti=
me events file in read-write mode on ARMel
(ARMv5) systems due to atomic operations limitations on that
platform.
(St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Miod Vallat and Vincent Laviron)
        • 

      • #13188: fix=
 races in the FFI code coming from the use of Int_val(...)
on rooted values inside blocking questions / without the runtime lock.
(Calling Int_val(...) on non-rooted immediates is fine, but any
 access to rooted values must be done outside blocking sections /
 with the runtime lock.)
(Etienne Millon, review by Gabriel Scherer, Jan Midtgaard, Olivier Nicole)<=
/li>

      • #13318: Fix=
 regression in GC alarms, and fix them for Flambda.
(Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni, report by Benjamin Monate, review by
 Vincent Laviron and Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      • #13140: POW=
ER back-end: fix issue with call to caml_call_realloc_stack
from a DLL
(Xavier Leroy, review by Miod Vallat)
        • 

      • #13370: Fix=
 a low-probability crash when calling Gc.counters.
(Demi Marie Obenour, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      • #13402, #13512, #13549, #13553: Revise bytecode implemen=
tation of callbacks
so that it no longer produces dangling registered bytecode fragments.
(Xavier Leroy, report by Jan Midtgaard, analysis by Stephen Dolan,
 review by Miod Vallat)
        • 

      • #13502: Fix=
 misindexing related to Gc.finalise_last that could prevent
finalisers from being run.
(Nick Roberts, review by Mark Shinwell)
        • 

      • #13520: Fix=
 compilation of native-code version of systhreads. Bytecode fields
were being included in the thread descriptors.
(David Allsopp, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and Miod Vallat)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    smaws preview release, an AWS SDK for OCaml using eio
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-smaw=
s-preview-release-an-aws-sdk-for-ocaml-using-eio/15635/1

    

    

    

    Chris Armstrong announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the first preview release for the smaws library (0.1~preview1).

    


    
smaws provi=
des AWS bindings for OCaml using  the modern eio library for effects-based concurrency handling.

    

    


    

    Whats in this release
    

    

    
This release includes SDKs for some AWS services and is intended to demonst=
rate its API.=20

    


    
It is not production ready, lacking important features such as full API doc=
umentation EC2/ECS instance metadata authentication, retry and timeout hand=
ling, etc. It also needs support for the other internal AWS API types to ex=
tend coverage across most AWS services.

    

    

    

    

    Motivation
    

    

    
I wanted to build an AWS SDK using modern effects-based concurrency. I've b=
uilt similar bindings for ReScript and ReasonML in the past (some of the co=
de is in fact ported across) but this is the first OCaml-native bindings I'=
ve created.=20

    


    
Unlike similar projects in the OCaml ecosystem, it uses the newer Smithy de=
finitions to generate its bindings instead of the Python botocore definitio=
ns. These should be better supported by AWS in the future with richer API d=
efinitions.

    

    

    

    

    What's next
    

    

    
My next task is to finish off API documentation generation, and then expand=
 support for all the authentication methods and other API types that will a=
llow this to be used with most AWS services.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ppx_deriving_ezjsonm
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-deriving-ezjsonm/15637/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the release of ppx_deriving_ezjsonm (bas=
ed off of p=
px_deriving_yaml). The two libraries share a common definition of a "value" which made the reuse of the existing deriver possible for=
 a simple JSON deriver.

    


    opam update
opam install ppx_deriving_ezjsonm

    


    
The documentation is online.

    


    
This library may come in handy when your dependency cone already includes <=
code>ezjsonm. If that is not the case, you would probably have bette=
r luck in the yojson ecosystem of tools.

    


    
Happy JSON-ing :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    FUN OCaml now has a YouTube Channel
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/fun-ocaml-now-has-a-youtube-c=
hannel/15639/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
I just created a YouTube channel for FUN OCaml. :sparkles: :camel:

    


    
The talk recordings from the conference in Berlin on September 16 + 17, 202=
4 are now available for viewing!

    


    
https://www.youtube.=
com/@FUNOCaml/featured

    


    
If you can, commenting, liking, or subscribing helps us to make these video=
s more visible and easier to find on YouTube, so big thanks for everyone wh=
o helps us with this! :orange_heart: :camel:

    


    
For people who avoid YouTube: The videos will also be made available on wat=
ch.ocaml.org.

    

    

    

    

    

    Terrateam's open source Ocaml repository
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/terrateams-open-source-oc=
aml-repository/15645/1

    

    

    

    Malcolm announced
    

    

    
A few years ago my friend and I started a company called Terrateam, which does infrastructure orchestration on Gi=
tHub.  Being that I am an Ocamler and we are a lean company, we chose to us=
e Ocaml as our primary language.  We recently went open source and I'm post=
ing the link here to contribute an example of an actual company using Ocaml=
.  A real repository.

    


    
The code can be found =
here.

    


    
There a few things to note about the repo:

    


      

    1. It's a mono repo, so while many of the libraries in there are generic, =
they are not really individually consumable as is.
      2. 

    2. We have our own concurrency framework (more on that below).
      3. 

    3. We use our own build library (pds, which is in opam).
      4. 

    4. The code is in flux all the time so things change rapidly.
      5. 

    


    
Why did we build our own concurrency framework?

    


    
Disclaimer: Yet another concurrency framework? Yep!  Do I expect anyone to =
use it? Nope, and that's ok.  It is designed for our needs.  It's meant to =
be maintainable by one person.  It's not meant to compete with Lwt or Async=
 for mind share.  If it grows, great, if it doesn't, I'm happy still.

    


    
Our concurrency framework is called "Asynchronous Building Blocks" (Abb).  =
It started over a decade ago when I was frustrated with a few things:

    


      

    1. I wanted kqueue support in Async, but (at the time) Async required modi=
fying a handful of repos to support it and it just wasn't obvious how.
      2. 

    2. Lwt supported kqueue, but for no good reason, I just didn't like Lwt.  =
Part of it was how failure worked in Lwt and other part is just it didn't f=
it my aesthetic.  That isn't a ding against Lwt, just personal preference.<=
/li>

    3. I wanted as much of it to be implemented in Ocaml as possible.  As it s=
tands now, the only C code is libkqueue which is a little shim=
 to to allow kqueue code to run on Linux, otherwise everything is in Ocaml.=

      4. 

    4. I didn't like how neither Async nor Lwt really supported cancelling ope=
rations.  I wanted that to be part of the framework, not an ad-hoc feature =
per library.  Coming from Erlang, cancelling is really important to me and =
part of how I think about writing concurrent software.  I was bummed that (=
last I looked) Eio explicitly rejected cancelling.
      5. 

    5. I also wanted a little experiment of "what if the concurrency library e=
xposed a syscall interface like an OS?"  So a lot of the interface is meant=
 to look low-level (I don't think this idea really panned out or made Abb m=
eaningfully different).
      6. 

    6. I also just like having my own frameworks.
      7. 

    


    
Add a dash of naivete, "how hard can it be to build a concurrency framework=
?", I started my own.  First commit was Mar 9, 2013.

    


    
Much of the concurrency monad is based on an unreleased library called Fut by @dbuenzli=20

    


    
Over time, Abb matured to where I could use it in my personal projects.  An=
d by the time we decided to make Terrateam, I felt it was good enough for p=
roduction.  And it's been running production traffic for a few years now.

    


    
One, unexpected, benefit of Lwt and Async existing in the community is that=
 adding a third one isn't that hard.  Almost all libraries that want to be =
used support both, and that usually means that they have a generic interfac=
e.  Cohttp and Dns are examples.  So I could use existing libraries for thi=
ngs I didn't want to or don't feel I could reasonably implement myself.

    


    
I've also used Abb as a foundation my web framework called Brtl (pronounced=
 Brutal) which is both a backend framework build on Cohttp and a frontend f=
ramework built on Brr.  It really doesn't do anything fancy, like Dream, it=
's pretty low level and focused on being simple.

    


    
The good:

    


      

    1. It works!  At least, for me.
      2. 

    2. Given that I wrote very single line of code, debugging and bug fixing (=
which is less and less) is very easy.  I also have a really great mental mo=
del of how it works.
      3. 

    3. I like that I can just cancel a whole graph of async work if it's no lo=
nger needed.
      4. 

    4. The future's library works in FreeBSD, Linux, and JavaScript.
      5. 

    5. The test coverage is pretty darn high.  This is because it's a pretty i=
ntricate thing to implement so I had to implement a lot of tests to stay sa=
ne.
      6. 

    


    
The bad:

    


      

    1. Performance is not anything special.  I don't think this is a fundament=
al flaw, it's just that it is as fast as I need it to be right now.
      2. 

    2. Some of the API is a awkward if you don't know the system.  Or names ar=
e long, like Abb_future_combinators.
      3. 

    3. The multi-target build story kind of sucks.  I think that might be a bi=
gger issue with the pds build system but for now in the web framework you h=
ave to use Abb_js rather than Abb for everything.=

      4. 

    4. There are definitely some corners cut in, especially around file IO, bu=
t that's OK, we don't do much file IO.
      5. 

    5. Explicitly takes advantage in that everything runs in a single thread. =
 So implicitly going multi-threaded would probably break things.
      6. 

    


    
Future work:

    


    
There really isn't a lot of future work.  For the most part: Abb is done.  =
Or should I say the interface is done.  Yes, it will need updates to fight =
bit rot, but there isn't much more for it to do.  It runs your code concurr=
ently, the end.

    


    
However, as Ocaml5 becomes more of a thing, it will need to take advantage =
of that.  I haven't really thought about how to do it.  One item I have in =
my to-do list is to evaluate if Picos could be a base layer for Abb.  Abb i=
s a layered approach so really you only need to implement the Abb_int=
f.S interface and everything above that should Just Work (given sing=
le threaded semantics).  I think any future work to support multi core will=
 probably need an explicit "this crosses a thread boundary" API.  Abb will =
get there, eventually, but right now it doesn't need to.

    


    
Effects will obviously have a big impact, I have no idea what that'll do fo=
r Abb.  I hope I can transition it slowly to supporting effects but I don't=
 want to look at effects until it's in the type system.

    


    
Some, perhaps, libraries of interest in the repo:

    


      

    1. Abb_scheduler_kqueue - The most used scheduler.  =
It implements the Abb_intf interface.
      2. 

    2. Abb_scheduler_select - A simpler select-based sch=
eduler.  This is meant to be used any place kqueue is not supported and als=
o as demo.
      3. 

    3. Pgsql_io - An implementation of the PostgreSQL protocol.
      4. 

    4. Githubc2 - An automatically generated GitHub REST library gen=
erated from their JSON Schema.  This actually has no Abb dependency, just i=
mplements the API serializing/deserializing.
      5. 

    5. OpenAPI CLI - This generates a library (see Githubc2) from=
 an OpenAPI spec.  It is, absolutely, a bit of a rats nest, but it works.  =
We chose to do code-gen for this because I didn't want to be blocked when c=
ompiling based on different compiler versions as we're using Ast_help=
er.  Ocaml, the code, is more stable than Ocaml, the compiler API.

    


    
There is a bunch of other stuff in there.  If you decide to poke around and=
 have any questions, feel free to ask.  I can promise: not every decision i=
n there is well thought out or coherent.

    

    

    

    

    

    OUPS december 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-december-2024/15654/1

    

    

    

    zapashcanon announced
    

    

    
CAUTION: the time has been changed from 7pm to 6:30pm

    


    
The next OUPS meetup will take place on Thursday, 12th of December 2=
024. It will start at 6:30pm at the 4 place Jussieu in Paris.=
 It will be in the in the Esclangon building (amphi Astier).

    


    
Please, register on meetup  as soon as possible to let us know how ma=
ny pizza we should order.

    


    
For more details, you may check the OUPS=
=E2=80=99 website .

    


    
This time we'll have the following talks:

    


    
Snapshottable Stores – Cl=C3=A9ment Allain & Gabriel Scherer =
(@gasche)

    


    
We say that an imperative data structure is snapshottable or supp=
orts snapshots if we can efficiently capture its current state, and res=
tore a previously captured state to become the current state again. This is=
 useful, for example, to implement backtracking search processes that updat=
e the data structure during search.

    


    
Inspired by a data structure proposed in 1978 by Baker, we present a sna=
pshottable store, a bag of mutable references that supports snapshots. =
Instead of capturing and restoring an array, we can capture an arbitrary se=
t of references (of any type) and restore all of them at once. This snapsho=
ttable store can be used as a building block to support snapshots for arbit=
rary data structures, by simply replacing all mutable references in the dat=
a structure by our store references. We present use-cases of a snapshottabl=
e store when implementing type-checkers and automated theorem provers.

    


    
Our implementation is designed to provide a very low overhead over normal r=
eferences, in the common case where the capture/restore operations are infr=
equent. Read and write in store references are essentially as fast as in pl=
ain references in most situations, thanks to a key optimisation we call =
record elision. In comparison, the common approach of replacing referen=
ces by integer indices into a persistent map incurs a logarithmic overhead =
on reads and writes, and sophisticated algorithms typically impose much lar=
ger constant factors.

    


    
The implementation, which is inspired by Baker's and the OCaml implementati=
on of persistent arrays by Conchon and Filli=C3=A2tre, is both fairly short=
 and very hard to understand: it relies on shared mutable state in subtle w=
ays. We provide a mechanized proof of correctness of its core using the Iri=
s framework for the Coq proof assistant.
[/details]

    


    
Safe, expressive and efficient programming of FPGAs circuits – Lo=
=C3=AFc Sylvestre

    


    
FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) are reconfigurable digital circuits:=
 their behavior can be customized by logic synthesis of specification at th=
e so-called register transfer level (RT level), in hardware description lan=
guages such as VHDL or Verilog. FPGAs are well suited to implement reactive=
 systems, directly as synchronous circuits interacting with the external en=
vironment via I/O pins =E2=80=93 the logic synthesizer ensuring that timing=
 constraints are met, given the FPGA clock frequency. FPGAs are also used t=
o implement hardware accelerators ; however, RT-level descriptions of trans=
formational systems (or =E2=80=9Ccomputations=E2=80=9D) =E2=80=93 with late=
ncies of several clock cycles =E2=80=93 are difficult to debug, maintain an=
d manually optimize. High-Level Synthesis (HLS) offers a simpler way of exp=
ressing computations, using a programming language compiled at the RT level=
. The advantage of this approach is to keep the implementation details hidd=
en from the programmer, leaving the compiler responsible for scheduling com=
putations over time. However, this leads to a loss of control over temporal=
 behavior and therefore safety and efficiency for the circuits generated. A=
s embedded systems, especially those based on FPGAs, need to perform more a=
nd more computations, while interacting with their environment, this thesis=
 proposes a programming model to combine hardware description (data-flow or=
iented) and general-purpose parallel computation (control-flow oriented) us=
ing a synchronous approach. This programming model forms the basis for the =
design and implementation of Eclat, a functional-imperative, parallel and s=
ynchronous programming language, compiled to VHDL. Eclat is sufficiently pr=
ecise to describe synchronous circuits at the RT level. It facilitates the =
programming of hardware accelerators, with a clear and predictable temporal=
 semantics by which to exploit time-space trade-offs. Any Eclat program is =
reactive, with a mechanism for embedding computations within programs and t=
hereby mix computation and interaction. Eclat also offers shared memory (in=
 the form of RAM blocks), with deterministic concurrency. It is used to dev=
elop programming abstractions such as algorithmic skeletons and virtual mac=
hine implementations for high-level languages. This addresses, at various l=
evels, the need to run general-purpose algorithms within FPGA-based reactiv=
e embedded applications.

    


    
After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the OCaml Software Foundation and later on we=E2=80=99ll mov=
e to a pub nearby as usual.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/17

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi camelers! :camel:=20
We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting on Wednesday, November, 27th at 1=
6:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronise between the Dune developers :ok_hand:=20

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if y=
ou want to add more items in it.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 26 to
December 03, 2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Good example of handwritten Lexer + Recursive Descent Parser?
Boulder Dash in OCaml
Js_of_ocaml 5.9.0
Liquidsoap 2.3.0
Bytesrw 0.1.0 =E2=80=93 Composable byte stream readers and writers
dream-html and pure-html 3.5.2
Second beta release of OCaml 5.3.0
New release of Monolith
Jsont 0.1.0 =E2=80=93 Declarative JSON data manipulation for OCaml
Tiny educational concurrent I/O and promises library
Eliom 11.1: Towards Web Assembly support
Areas and Adversaries
MariaDB 1.2.0
Proposed Package Archiving Policy for the opam Repository
capnp-rpc 2.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Good example of handwritten Lexer + Recursive Descent Parser?
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Axel Baudot asked
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I am looking for an idiomatic implementation of a Lexer + Recursive
  Descent Parser not making use of ocamllex, ocamlyacc or menhir. The
  kind you would write during the first chapters of Crafting
  Interpreters [0][1] in OCaml.

  This Markdown parser [2] by @dbuenzli is a great example of what I am
  looking for. I'd be happy if you can recommend similar resources.

  There are many OCaml repos for Lox interpreters but it's hard to
  assess quality. And the readme often says "I am doing this to learn
  OCaml", which doesn't inspire confidence.

  As a broader note, it would be nice to have (community vetted) OCaml
  translations of well-known learning material using mainstream
  languages. But I'll raise the topic in another thread later.

  Thanks in advance.

  =E2=80=A2 [0] 
  =E2=80=A2 [1] 
  =E2=80=A2 [2]
    


Mikhail replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You might be interested in the book [Compiling to Assembly from
  Scratch].  There is a [port to OCaml]. It suggests the use of [parser
  combinators].

  Parser combinators is the same manual recursive descent method, but in
  a functional way.  You can either use [an existing library] or you
  [can write your own].


[Compiling to Assembly from Scratch]


[port to OCaml]


[parser combinators] 

[an existing library] 

[can write your own] 


Anton Bachin also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  odoc's parser is half of what you're asking for. It uses ocamllex for
  the lexical scan, because it's very simple and convenient to do it
  that way, but the syntax is then analyzed by a hand-written [recursive
  descent parser], in large part because /that's/ easier for the doc
  language.

  An example of a non-ocamllex and non-ocamlyacc parser is Markup.ml
  ([tokenizer], [parser]). But this isn't a traditional recursive
  descent parser. Rather, it's a pretty huge hand-written state machine
  in continuation-passing style, almost completely implementing the
  corresponding huge state machine specified in HTML5. But it's the kind
  of code that fits well the topics of an impure FP class, especially
  since it has mutable cells for its continuations, that it uses to
  mimic effects.


[recursive descent parser]


[tokenizer]


[parser]



Boulder Dash in OCaml
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Andreas Rossberg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Couldn=E2=80=99t let it rest, so I=E2=80=99m (already) announcing version=
 2 of it =E2=80=94
  now a much improved, practically feature-complete reimplementation of
  both Boulder Dash 1 & 2.

  Version 2 was an excuse for me to mess around with the OCaml bindings
  to popular graphics engines, and as a result, it now comes with 3
  backends to choose from:

  1. the homely bare OCaml Graphics library
     (),
  2. the TSDL binding to the SDL2 API
     (),
  3. the binding to the Raylib engine
     ().

  The list is in order of increasingly better user experience, for the
  price of a potentially harder build experience. In theory, all
  versions should run on Windows, Mac, and Linux, though I was too lazy
  to test all combinations, and I (or my opam) had trouble installing
  some of the dependencies on some of the systems.

  Features:

  =E2=80=A2 Faithful original physics, graphics, animations, sound, and mus=
ic
  =E2=80=A2 Authentic scrolling mechanics combined with dynamic resizing
  =E2=80=A2 All 40 levels and 5 difficulties of Boulder Dash 1 & 2
  =E2=80=A2 Pause-and-go mode for relaxed playing

  Relative to the previous release, version 2 adds the following
  niceties:

  =E2=80=A2 Support for SDL and Raylib engines, which allow all of the foll=
owing
  =E2=80=A2 Original sound effects and music
  =E2=80=A2 Original level color schemes
  =E2=80=A2 Full screen mode
  =E2=80=A2 Faster graphics
  =E2=80=A2 Dynamic graphics scaling adjustment
  =E2=80=A2 Gamepad/joystick support as well as more precise keyboard contr=
ols
  =E2=80=A2 Boulder Dash 2 levels and decoder

  Almost looks like a real game now. One from the 80s anyways. :)


Js_of_ocaml 5.9.0
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Hhugo announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the release of js_of_ocaml 5.9.0. It shou=
ld
  soon be available in opam.

  Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes
  it possible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like
  browsers and Node.js.

  Most significant changes:

  =E2=80=A2 Support for OCaml 5.3
  =E2=80=A2 Speedup sourcemap generation and improve sourcemap accuracy.
  =E2=80=A2 Prepare the merge of the wasm_of_ocaml fork back into the
    js_of_ocaml repo.
  =E2=80=A2 JS backtraces are really expansive. They now need to be explici=
tly
    requested with `OCAMLRUNPARM=3Db=3D1'. This speeds up programs linked
    with libraries enabling backtraces programmatically using
    `Printexc.record_backtrace true'.

  See the [Changelog ] for other changes.


[Changelog ]



Liquidsoap 2.3.0
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Romain Beauxis announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are stoked to announce the `2.3.0' release of liquidsoap, a
  general-purpose scripting language written in OCaml with specialized
  operators to build media streams.

  The release is available on github:
  

  During this release cycle, we have rewritten huge chunk of the
  application's internal, including a new media streaming abstraction
  and clock system.

  As an OCaml application, liquidsoap's scope and complexity has greatly
  expanded in the next years.

  Some of the most challenging areas for us at this point are memory
  usage (and, incidentally, CPU usage).

  Although OCaml's garbage collection is a very powerful tool, in the
  context of very short lived streaming cycles (typically `0.02s') with
  potentially quite large memory allocations (typically video images),
  controlling the timing of memory allocations and release is becoming
  more and more critical.

  We are also aware of the work done by Jane St on adding a `local' call
  stack. This could be an avenue to explore as well but:
  1. Some of our content has to be stored in the long-term heap
  2. We want to work with an official OCaml compiler for obvious
     long-term maintenance concerns.

  Nonetheless, we are thrilled to be part of a community whose array of
  tools (building, packaging, debugging, etc) and libraries has expanded
  so well along with a vibrant compiler development team.

  In the future, we wish to explore more of the new OCaml concurrency
  features. This might require that we revisit the way we handle
  short-term memory first.


Bytesrw 0.1.0 =E2=80=93 Composable byte stream readers and writers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's my pleasure to announce the first release of the `bytesrw'
  library:

        Bytesrw extends the OCaml `Bytes' module with composable,
        memory efficient, byte stream readers and writers
        compatible with effect-based concurrency.

        Except for byte slice life-times, these abstractions
        intentionally separate away ressource management and the
        specifics of reading and writing bytes.

        Bytesrw distributed under the ISC license. It has no
        dependencies.

        Optional support for compressed and hashed bytes depend,
        at your wish, on the C [`zlib'], [`libzstd'], [`blake3'],
        [`libmd'], [`xxhash'] and libraries.

  The only reason I was longing for OCaml algebraic effects was so that
  I could avoid using them: when you write codecs on byte streams it
  should not be a concern where your bytes are coming from or headed
  to. The `bytesrw' library provides structures to abstract
  this. Additionally it establishes a buffer ownership discipline that
  enables byte streams to (de)compose while remaining memory efficient.

  I do not expect the library to change much and it has been used. But
  it's new and practice may call for adjustments. Do not hesitate to get
  in touch if you run into problems or see obvious defects or
  improvements. I do expect the library will add more convenience
  (e.g. for processing lines and UTF) and more optional stream formats
  over time.

  =E2=80=A2 Homepage: 
  =E2=80=A2 Docs:  or `odig doc
    bytesrw'
  =E2=80=A2 Install: `opam install bytesrw conf-zlib conf-zstd conf-libblak=
e3
    conf-libmd conf-xxhash' ([opam PR])

  This first release was made possible thanks to a grant from the [OCaml
  Software Foundation]. I also thank my [donors] for their support.


[`zlib'] 

[`libzstd'] 

[`blake3'] 

[`libmd'] 

[`xxhash'] 

[opam PR] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[donors] 


dream-html and pure-html 3.5.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yawar Amin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [ANN] dream-html 3.7.0

  Happy to announce the addition of a helper module for typed form
  decoding functionality. See the docs here:
  

  An example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type user =3D { name : string; age : int option }
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 open Dream_html.Form
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let user_form =3D
  =E2=94=82   let+ name =3D required string "name"
  =E2=94=82   and+ age =3D optional int "age" in
  =E2=94=82   { name; age }
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let dream_form =3D ["age", "42"; "name", "Bob"]
  =E2=94=82 let user_result =3D validate user_form dream_form
  =E2=94=82 (* =3D> Ok { name =3D "Bob"; age =3D Some 42 } *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let error_result =3D validate user_form ["age", "none"]
  =E2=94=82 (* =3D> Error [("age", "error.expected.int"); ("name", "error.r=
equired")] *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Astute readers may observe that this provides some convenience
  functionality beyond what Dream itself offers; to validate the above
  form and get a _complete_ set of field validation errors using only
  Dream you would do something like:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let user_result =3D match dream_form with
  =E2=94=82   | ["age", age; "name", name] ->
  =E2=94=82     (match int_of_string age with
  =E2=94=82     | age -> Ok { name; age =3D Some age }
  =E2=94=82     | exception Failure _ -> Error ["age", "error.expected.int"=
])
  =E2=94=82   | ["name", name] -> Ok { name; age =3D None }
  =E2=94=82   | ["age", age] ->
  =E2=94=82     (match int_of_string age with
  =E2=94=82     | age -> Error ["name", "error.required"]
  =E2=94=82     | exception Failure _ -> Error ["age", "error.expected.int"=
; "name", "error.required"])
  =E2=94=82   | _ -> Error ["name", "error.required"]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  And this is a form with only two fields. You can imagine how
  convoluted the logic would be for more complex forms. Of course, you
  might just decide to use `List.assoc_opt' and build up the validation
  errors, but even that can get tricky. So if you are making heavy use
  of HTML forms, a helper module that takes care of all these validation
  details can be very useful. Enjoy!


Second beta release of OCaml 5.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  One month after the release of the first beta for OCaml 5.3.0, we are
  releasing a second and hopefully last beta release for OCaml 5.3.0 .

  The most notable changes for this second beta are probably a handful
  of type system bugfixes. In particular, those fixes revert a change of
  behaviour in the first beta when pattern matching GADTs with
  non-injective type parameters.

  We also have a C++ header compatibility fix and the restoration of
  some configuration variable in Makefiles for the sake of backward
  compatibility.

  Overall, the release is converging and we are expecting to have a
  first release candidate around the middle of December. The progresses
  on stabilising the ecosystem are tracked on the [opam readiness for
  5.3.0 meta-issue].

  Meanwhile, the second beta release of OCaml 5.3.0 is here to help you
  update your software and libraries ahead of the release (see below for
  the installation instructions).

  The full release is expected before the end of December.

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the
  new OCaml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available
  [on GitHub].

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.


[opam readiness for 5.3.0 meta-issue]


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[on GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0~beta2
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml archives at Inria]


[GitHub] 

[OCaml archives at Inria]


=E2=97=8A Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.3.0~beta2+opt=
ions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0~beta2+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.3.=
0~beta2+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Changes Since The First Beta
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Type system fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#13501]: Regression on mutually recursive types caused by [#12=
180].
    Resuscitate Typedecl.update_type.  (Jacques Garrigue and Takafumi
    Saikawa, review by Florian Angeletti, Richard Eisenberg and Gabriel
    Scherer)

  =E2=80=A2 [#13495], [#13514]: Fix typechecker crash while typing objects
    (Jacques Garrigue, report by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, review by Nic=
olas
    Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Gabriel Scherer, Stephen Dolan, Florian Angeletti)

  =E2=80=A2 [#13598]: Falsely triggered warning 56 [unreachable-case] This =
was
    caused by unproper protection of the retyping function.  (Jacques
    Garrigue, report by T=C3=B5ivo Leedj=C3=A4rv, review by Florian Angelet=
ti)


  [#13501] 

  [#12180] 

  [#13495] 

  [#13514] 

  [#13598] 


=E2=97=8A Configuration fixes

  =E2=80=A2 (*breaking change*) [#12578], [#12589], [#13322], +[#13519]: Use
    configured CFLAGS and CPPFLAGS /only/ during the build of the
    compiler itself. Do not use them when compiling third-party C
    sources through the compiler. Flags for compiling third-party C
    sources can still be specified at configure time in the
    COMPILER_{BYTECODE,NATIVE}_{CFLAGS,CPPFLAGS} configuration
    variables.  (S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer, report by William Hu, review by
    David Allsopp)


  [#12578] 

  [#12589] 

  [#13322] 

  [#13519] 


=E2=97=8A C++ header compatibility

  =E2=80=A2 [#13541], [#13591]: Fix headers for C++ inclusion.  (Antonin D=
=C3=A9cimo,
    review by Nick Barnes, report by Kate Deplaix)


  [#13541] 

  [#13591] 


=E2=97=8A Compiler library bug fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#13603], [#13604]: fix source printing in the presence of the
    escaped raw identifier `\#mod'.  (Florian Angeletti, report by Chris
    Casinghino, review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#13603] 

  [#13604] 


New release of Monolith
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce a new release of [Monolith], a library that
  helps perform strong automated testing of OCaml libraries.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam install monolith.20241126
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The changes are as follows:

  =E2=80=A2 The documentation of the specification combinators has been
    re-organized in sections and subsections. Finding the desired
    combinator should now be easier.

  =E2=80=A2 The new combinator `naive_array' offers limited support for arr=
ays.

  =E2=80=A2 The new combinator `naive_seq' offers limited support for seque=
nces
    (that is, for the type constructor `Seq.t').

  =E2=80=A2 The new combinator `pair' is a synonym for `( *** )'.

  =E2=80=A2 The new combinator `triple' offers support for triples.

  =E2=80=A2 The new combinator `either' offers support for the type constru=
ctor
    `Either.t'.

  =E2=80=A2 The new combinators `iter', `foldr', `foldl', `iteri', `foldri',
    `foldli' offer support for iteration functions.

  =E2=80=A2 An unintentional and undocumented limitation has been fixed: so=
 far,
    uses of the combinator `map_into' would work only at the root of the
    specification or in the right-hand side of an arrow `^>'. It should
    now be possible to use `map_into' under other combinators that
    expect a deconstructible specification, such as `^!>' (in the
    right-hand side), `( *** )', `option', `result', `list', etc. This
    improvement affects not only `map_into', but also a number of other
    combinators that are defined in terms of `map_into'.

  =E2=80=A2 Monolith now requires OCaml 4.12 or later.

  =E2=80=A2 In `Makefile.monolith',
    =E2=81=83 the default switch is changed from 4.11.1 to 4.14.2; this can=
 be
      overridden by defining `SWITCH';
    =E2=81=83 `make test' automatically disables the MacOS crash reporter;
    =E2=81=83 the use of `ulimit -s' is abandoned.


[Monolith]



Jsont 0.1.0 =E2=80=93 Declarative JSON data manipulation for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's my pleasure to announce the first release of the jsont libary:

        Jsont is an OCaml library for declarative JSON data
        manipulation. It provides:

        =E2=80=A2 Combinators for describing JSON data using the OCaml
          values of your choice. The descriptions can be used by
          generic functions to decode, encode, query and update
          JSON data without having to construct a generic JSON
          representation.
        =E2=80=A2 A JSON codec with optional text location tracking and
          layout preservation. The codec is compatible with
          effect-based concurrency.

        The descriptions are independent from the codec and can be
        used by third-party processors or codecs.

        Jsont is distributed under the ISC license. It has no
        dependencies. The codec is optional and depends on the
        [`bytesrw'] library. The JavaScript support is optional
        and depends on the [`brr'] library.

  The library has been used in practice but it's new so a few
  adjustments may be needed and more convenience combinators added.

  The library also enables quite a few things that I did not have the
  time to explore like schema description generation from descriptions,
  quasi-streaming JSON transformations, description generation from
  dynamic type representations, etc. Lots of this can be done outside
  the core library, do not hesitate to get in touch if you use the
  library and find interesting applications or pesking limitations.

  =E2=80=A2 Homepage: 
  =E2=80=A2 Docs:  (or `odig doc
    jsont')
  =E2=80=A2 Install: `opam install jsont bytesrw'

  This first release was made possible thanks to a grant from the [OCaml
  Software Foundation]. I also thank my [donors] for their support.

  Best,

  Daniel

  P.S. I think that the technique used by the library, which I dubbed
  /finally tagged/ is interesting in itself. You can read a paper about
  it [here] along with a smaller, self-contained, implementation of what
  the library does.


[`bytesrw'] 

[`brr'] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[donors] 

[here] 


Tiny educational concurrent I/O and promises library
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mikhail announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  I like [Lwt]. It's a fantastic library, but how does it work? I spent
  a few days studying its source code.

  Finally, inspired by the implementation of [Lwt] and [the CS3110
  chapter, 8.7. Promises]. I wrote a maximally stupid [*tiny-async-lib*]
  library.

  Maybe you may be interested in this naive implementation.


[Lwt] 

[the CS3110 chapter, 8.7. Promises]


[*tiny-async-lib*] 

Examples of use
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D=20
  =E2=94=82   Engine.run main begin
  =E2=94=82     let* () =3D Io.(write_all stdout) "Hi! What's your name? " =
in
  =E2=94=82     let* name =3D Io.(read_line stdin) in
  =E2=94=82     Io.(write_all stdout) ("Hello, " ^ name ^ "!\n")
  =E2=94=82   end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let read_and_print_file filename =3D=20
  =E2=94=82   Io.(read_file filename >>=3D write_all stdout)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let _ =3D
  =E2=94=82   Engine.run begin
  =E2=94=82     let filenames =3D [ (* ... *) ] in=20=20
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     filenames
  =E2=94=82     |> List.map read_and_print_file
  =E2=94=82     |> Promise.join
  =E2=94=82   end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Implementation details
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The first key abstraction of the whole library is, of course,
  Promise. [Promise] is an abstraction for synchronizing program
  execution in concurrent evaluations. In simple terms, it's an
  abstraction over callbacks. Promises allows us to build (monadic)
  sequence evaluations inside of non-sequence evaluations.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* promise.ml *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 type 'a t =3D { mutable state: 'a state }=20=20
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 and 'a state =3D=20
  =E2=94=82   | Fulfilled of 'a=20
  =E2=94=82   | Rejected of exn
  =E2=94=82   | Pending of 'a callback list=20
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 and 'a callback =3D 'a state -> unit=20
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Promises are represented as a mutable record with three possible
  states: fulfilled (contains a value), rejected (contains an
  exception), and pending (contains callbacks).

  Callbacks are functions that are called when a promise is resolved.
  So when we `bind', if the promise is in pending state, we add a
  callback that calls the following monadic sequence when the promise is
  resolved.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* io.ml *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let sleep delay =3D
  =E2=94=82   let p, r =3D Promise.make () in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   Engine.(on_timer instance) delay (fun handler ->
  =E2=94=82       Engine.stop_handler handler;
  =E2=94=82       Promise.fulfill r ());
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   p
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The second key abstraction is an [asynchronous I/O] engine that polls
  I/O events and dispatches them to handlers. Original Lwt has few
  engines (like based libev, select, poll), but I hardcoded a
  [select]()-based engine
  inspired by `Lwt_engine.select_based'.

  The typical async engine in internals has an event loop. At each
  iteration of the event loop, the engine polls for new events and calls
  handlers to handle them.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* engine.ml *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let iter engine =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* ... *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   let readable_fds, writable_fds, _ =3D
  =E2=94=82     Unix.select readable_fds writable_fds [] timeout
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   engine.sleepers <- restart_sleepers now engine.sleepers;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   invoke_io_handlers engine.wait_readable readable_fds;
  =E2=94=82   invoke_io_handlers engine.wait_writable writable_fds
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  How to execute I/O promise? It's not a big deal.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* engine.ml *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let rec run promise =3D
  =E2=94=82   match Promise.state promise with
  =E2=94=82   | Fulfilled value -> value
  =E2=94=82   | Rejected exc -> raise exc
  =E2=94=82   | Pending _ ->
  =E2=94=82       iter instance;
  =E2=94=82       run promise
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We just need to loop the event loop until the promis is resolved.

  It's just a toy! I'm not an expert in such things, so the library is
  very naive and tries to mimic Lwt. But I think it's a good
  demonstration.

  Repository 

  Thank you for your attention!


[Promise] 

[asynchronous I/O] 


Eliom 11.1: Towards Web Assembly support
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Vincent Balat announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Eliom 11.1 has been released recently.  This minor release brings
  compatibility with Web Assembly and the upcoming version of
  js_of_ocaml.  Ocsigen Toolkit and Ocsigen Start have been updated as
  well.

  Stay tuned for further announcements concerning client-server Web and
  mobile apps in Ocaml with Web Assembly!

  Links:

  =E2=80=A2 [Ocsigen]
  =E2=80=A2 [Eliom]
  =E2=80=A2 [Documentation]
  =E2=80=A2 [Github]


[Ocsigen] 

[Eliom] 

[Documentation] 

[Github] 


Areas and Adversaries
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I figured people might be bored of [British pub names] by now so I did
  another thing: [a generator for titles of table-top role-playing
  games].

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install areas-and-adversaries
  =E2=94=82 ...
  =E2=94=82 $ areas-and-adversaries
  =E2=94=82 Woods & Wizards
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The code is on Gitlab:
  

  It was a good excuse to experiment with non-dune build systems (to
  scope things out). I went for a plain Makefile in the end which works
  well.

  I also wanted to figure out a better way to embed data in an
  executable. I ended up wondering about moving as much of the
  processing as possible into the build phase. What I ended up with is a
  small program which prints a compilation unit (`.ml') which has mostly
  array literals. Still have some open questions on that, any input
  welcome:
  =E2=80=A2 Should I have used meta-ocaml to print the code? The `data/munc=
h.ml'
    would probably be more readable, but the build probably less.
  =E2=80=A2 How could I generate this kind of processed-data code for
    data-structures which don't have a literal (maps, sets, hash tables,
    etc.)? How can I minimise the initialisation cost of the program for
    such situations?


[British pub names]


[a generator for titles of table-top role-playing games]



MariaDB 1.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Petter A. Urkedal announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm please to announce a new release of the [mariadb] package, which
  provides client bindings for MariaDB and MySQL. See the full release
  notes below.

  This is also to announce that I have taken over maintenance of the
  project.  Currently I am the sole maintainer (and I usually use
  PostgreSQL for my own deployments), so if someone has the time en
  interest to contribute, let me know.  The main focus from my side is
  to keep the project up to date and stable, rather than making major
  changes.

  Release notes:

  =E2=80=A2 Added `Stmt.start_txn' (#59 by Corentin Leruth).
  =E2=80=A2 Added `Res.insert_id' as binding for `mysql_stmt_insert_id' (#5=
8 by
    Corentin Leruth).
  =E2=80=A2 Updated to support recent OCaml versions (#45 by @kit-ty-kate).
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed too-early retrieval of statement metadata (#41 by Albert
    Peschar).
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed decoding bug for the integer type (#54 by Raman Varabets,
    tested by #61 by Corentin Leruth).
  =E2=80=A2 Fixed a memory leaks related to result metadata (#39 by Albert
    Peschar).
  =E2=80=A2 The build system is now dune and dune-configurator (#52 by Pett=
er A.
    Urkedal) and some of the examples have been converted to a test
    suite (#60 by Petter A. Urkedal).
  =E2=80=A2 The project has been transferred to ocaml-community with Petter=
 A.
    Urkedal as the new maintainer.


[mariadb] 


Proposed Package Archiving Policy for the opam Repository
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my please to announce the proposed package archiving policy in
  the name of the opam-repository maintainers.


Context
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The opam repository differs from nearly all other
  programming-language-centric package repositories in that it is
  manually curated by volunteer maintainers and protected by a robust
  continuous integration system that (generally) ensures published
  packages work as expected across a [large matrix of supported
  platforms].

  Over the past few years the repository has kept growing steadily, when
  not accelerating, and this has started raising questions about the
  size, weight and sustainability of the repository and its
  processes. Last year, [Hannes Mehnert] requested comments on a
  [proposed initiative] to improve the sustainability and quality of the
  opam package repository on the long term.


[large matrix of supported platforms]


[Hannes Mehnert] 

[proposed initiative]



Problem
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The problem, in a nutshell, is that the `opam-repository' will keep
  steadily growing, using an increasing and substantial amount of space
  and inodes. Every opam user needs to invest a large amount of
  computational resources for the solver, every time they want to
  install or update a package. Additionally, a large amount of
  computational resources are spent in the continuous integration
  process and yet a lot of the packages have become stale or
  uninstallable.


Solution
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  [After much deliberation], the discussion converged on a solution:
  introduce a package archiving policy and supporting processes, to
  periodically identify and prune unmaintained and broken packages from
  the repository. This will improve the performance of the opam solvers,
  of the opam-repo CI, and most importantly improve the quality of the
  package repository, while keeping a sort of immutability of the
  repository content and preserving the usability of historical packages
  for the users that want or need them.

  The opam repository maintainers propose a [policy].

  The currently empty [repository archive] has been created, waiting for
  packages to be moved.


[After much deliberation]


[policy]


[repository archive] 


Call to action
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you maintain packages in the opam-repository, you can help by
  defining your maintanence intent: add a new field
  `x-maintenance-intent' to your opam file(s) (the most recent release
  of your package is sufficient - please also put this field in your git
  repository so it will be part of future releases). The value is
  defined in [the policy].


[the policy]



Roadmap
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  All announcements will be on discuss.ocaml.org with the
  opam-repository tag. If you like to follow these announcements, keep
  your eyes at [the opam-repository tag].

  =E2=80=A2 December 1st 2024: announcement of this proposal
  =E2=80=A2 December 15th 2024: announcement of the packages affected by Ph=
ase 1
    (uninstallable packages ("available: false", "flags: avoid-version"
    or "deprecated", "opam admin check =E2=80=93installable", does not comp=
ile =E2=80=93
    opam health check )
  =E2=80=A2 January 1st 2025: Phase 1 cutting point: packages are moved to
    opam-repository-archive
  =E2=80=A2 January 15th 2025: announcement of the packages affected by Pha=
se 2
    (OCaml lower bound 4.08)
  =E2=80=A2 February 1st 2025: Phase 2 cutting point: packages are moved to
    opam-repository-archive
  =E2=80=A2 February 15th 2025: initial spring cleaning, announcement of
    packages (based on maintenance-intent)
  =E2=80=A2 March 1st 2025: spring cleaning cutting point: packages are mov=
ed to
    opam-repository-archive
  =E2=80=A2 Every quarter: repeat Phase 3
  =E2=80=A2 Every year: reconsider Phase 2 with an increased OCaml lower bo=
und

  We now invite members of the OCaml community who may not follow the
  ocaml-repository issues to review our plans and submit comments,
  questions, or suggestions.

  Thank you in advance for your support!


[the opam-repository tag]



References
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 [Opam repository archive]
  =E2=80=A2 [Proposed policy]
  =E2=80=A2 [Plan of action]
  =E2=80=A2 [Issue and discussion]
  =E2=80=A2 [Previous announcement]


[Opam repository archive]


[Proposed policy]


[Plan of action]


[Issue and discussion]


[Previous announcement]



Acknowledgment
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Thanks to the following individuals for valuable input and
  contributions to the planning process (sorry in case we forgot you):

  =E2=80=A2 Marcello Seri
  =E2=80=A2 Shon Feder
  =E2=80=A2 Thomas Gazagnaire
  =E2=80=A2 kit-ty-kate
  =E2=80=A2 Weng Shiwei =E7=BF=81=E5=A3=AB=E4=BC=9F
  =E2=80=A2 Marcus Rohrmoser
  =E2=80=A2 Reynir Bj=C3=B6rnsson
  =E2=80=A2 Stephen Sherratt
  =E2=80=A2 Simon Cruanes
  =E2=80=A2 Marek Kubica
  =E2=80=A2 Rapha=C3=ABl Proust
  =E2=80=A2 Romain Beauxis
  =E2=80=A2 Yawar Amin
  =E2=80=A2 Anil Madhavapeddy
  =E2=80=A2 Boning D.
  =E2=80=A2 Mathieu Barbin
  =E2=80=A2 Hannes Mehnert


capnp-rpc 2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Thomas Leonard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the release of [capnp-rpc 2.0], an OCaml
  implementation of the Cap'n Proto RPC specification.

  If you haven't used the library before, please see the [documentation
  and tutorial]. Cap'n Proto RPC aims to provide secure, efficient,
  typed communications between multiple parties.

  The main change in this version is the switch from Lwt to Eio for
  concurrency. The echo benchmark is about 40% faster than before. This
  isn't because Eio is actually that much faster than Lwt, but more
  because it has better profiling support so spotting problems was
  easier. See 
  for an example:

  

  There is a `capnp-rpc-lwt' compatibility package that provides the old
  Lwt API using the new Eio version, allowing libraries using the old
  API to be used in applications using the new code, without having to
  update everything at once.

  To migrate to the new version (checking everything still works after
  each step):

  1. First, update to capnp-rpc 1.2.4 (this ensures you are using the
     newer mirage-crypto API, to get that migration out of the way
     first).
  2. Switch your application (that sets up the networking) to
     capnp-rpc-unix 2.0.
  3. Migrate client and server code away from capnp-rpc-lwt when
     convenient.

  For more detailed instructions, see [the changelog].

  Here's an example of the changes needed in the solver-service project:
  =E2=80=A2 [Update to capnp-rpc-unix 2.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Remove Capnp_rpc_lwt]


[capnp-rpc 2.0] 

[documentation and tutorial]


[the changelog]


[Update to capnp-rpc-unix 2.0]


[Remove Capnp_rpc_lwt]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Irmin on MirageOS: Introducing the Notafs File System]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Irmin on MirageOS: Introducing the Notafs File System]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 26 to Decemb=
er 03, 2024.

    



    

    Good example of handwritten Lexer + Recursive Descent Parser?<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/good-e=
xample-of-handwritten-lexer-recursive-descent-parser/15672/1

    

    

    

    Axel Baudot asked
    

    

    
I am looking for an idiomatic implementation of a Lexer + Recursive Descent=
 Parser not making use of ocamllex, ocamlyacc or menhir. The kind you would=
 write during the first chapters of Crafting Interpreters [0][1] in OCaml.

    


    
This Markdown parser [2] by @dbuenzli is a great example of what I am looki=
ng for. I'd be happy if you can recommend similar resources.

    


    
There are many OCaml repos for Lox interpreters but it's hard to assess qua=
lity. And the readme often says "I am doing this to learn OCaml", which doe=
sn't inspire confidence.

    


    
As a broader note, it would be nice to have (community vetted) OCaml transl=
ations of well-known learning material using mainstream languages. But I'll=
 raise the topic in another thread later.

    


    
Thanks in advance.

    



    

    

    

    Mikhail replied
    

    

    
You might be interested in the book Compiling to Assembly from Scratch.
There is a port to OCaml. It suggests the
use of parser c=
ombinators.=20

    


    
Parser combinators is the same manual recursive descent method, but in a fu=
nctional way.   You can either use an existing
library or you can write your own.

    

    

    

    

    Anton Bachin also replied
    

    

    
odoc's parser is half of what you're asking for. It uses ocamllex for the l=
exical scan, because it's very simple and convenient to
do it that way, but the syntax is then analyzed by a hand-written recursive descent
parser, in large part because
that's easier for the doc language.

    


    
An example of a non-ocamllex and non-ocamlyacc parser is Markup.ml
(tokenizer,
parser). But this
isn't a traditional recursive descent parser. Rather, it's a pretty huge ha=
nd-written state machine in continuation-passing style,
almost completely implementing the corresponding huge state machine specifi=
ed in HTML5. But it's the kind of code that fits well the
topics of an impure FP class, especially since it has mutable cells for its=
 continuations, that it uses to mimic effects.

    

    

    

    

    

    Boulder Dash in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2024-11/msg00023.html=


    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Andreas Rossberg announced

    

    
Couldn=E2=80=99t let it rest, so I=E2=80=99m (already) announcing version 2=
 of it =E2=80=94 now a much improved, practically feature-complete
reimplementation of both Boulder Dash 1 & 2.

    


    
Version 2 was an excuse for me to mess around with the OCaml bindings to po=
pular graphics engines, and as a result, it now comes
with 3 backends to choose from:

    


      

    1. the homely bare OCaml Graphics library (https://github.com/ocaml/graphics),
      2. 

    2. the TSDL binding to the SDL2 API (https://github.com/dbuenzli/tsdl),
      3. 

    3. the binding to the Raylib engine (https://github.com/tjammer/raylib-ocaml).
      4. 

    


    
The list is in order of increasingly better user experience, for the price =
of a potentially harder build experience. In theory, all
versions should run on Windows, Mac, and Linux, though I was too lazy to te=
st all combinations, and I (or my opam) had trouble
installing some of the dependencies on some of the systems.

    


    
Features:

    


      

    • Faithful original physics, graphics, animations, sound, and music
      • 

    • Authentic scrolling mechanics combined with dynamic resizing
      • 

    • All 40 levels and 5 difficulties of Boulder Dash 1 & 2
      • 

    • Pause-and-go mode for relaxed playing
      • 

    


    
Relative to the previous release, version 2 adds the following niceties:

    


      

    • Support for SDL and Raylib engines, which allow all of the following

    • Original sound effects and music
      • 

    • Original level color schemes
      • 

    • Full screen mode
      • 

    • Faster graphics
      • 

    • Dynamic graphics scaling adjustment
      • 

    • Gamepad/joystick support as well as more precise keyboard controls
      • 

    • Boulder Dash 2 levels and decoder
      • 

    


    
Almost looks like a real game now. One from the 80s anyways. :)

    

    

    

    

    

    Js_of_ocaml 5.9.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-js-of-ocaml-5-9-0/15674/1

    

    

    

    Hhugo announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the release of js_of_ocaml 5.9.0. It should=
 soon be available in opam.

    


    
Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes it
possible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like browsers=
 and
Node.js.

    


    
Most significant changes:

    


      

    • Support for OCaml 5.3
      • 

    • Speedup sourcemap generation and improve sourcemap accuracy.
      • 

    • Prepare the merge of the wasm_of_ocaml fork back into the js_of_ocaml r=
epo.
      • 

    • JS backtraces are really expansive. They now need to be explicitly requ=
ested with OCAMLRUNPARM=3Db=3D1. This speeds up programs linke=
d with libraries enabling backtraces programmatically using Printexc.=
record_backtrace true.
      • 

    


    
See the Changelog  for other changes.

    

    

    

    

    

    Liquidsoap 2.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-liquidsoap-2-3-0/15677/1

    

    

    

    Romain Beauxis announced
    

    

    
We are stoked to announce the 2.3.0 release of liquidsoap, a g=
eneral-purpose scripting language written in OCaml with specialized operato=
rs to build media streams.

    


    
The release is available on github: https://github.com/savonet/liquidsoap/releas=
es/tag/v2.3.0

    


    
During this release cycle, we have rewritten huge chunk of the application'=
s internal, including a new media streaming abstraction and clock system.

    


    
As an OCaml application, liquidsoap's scope and complexity has greatly expa=
nded in the next years.

    


    
Some of the most challenging areas for us at this point are memory usage (a=
nd, incidentally, CPU usage).

    


    
Although OCaml's garbage collection is a very powerful tool, in the context=
 of very short lived streaming cycles (typically 0.02s) with p=
otentially quite large memory allocations (typically video images), control=
ling the timing of memory allocations and release is becoming more and more=
 critical.

    


    
We are also aware of the work done by Jane St on adding a local call stack. This could be an avenue to explore as well but:

    

      

    1. Some of our content has to be stored in the long-term heap
      2. 

    2. We want to work with an official OCaml compiler for obvious long-term m=
aintenance concerns.
      3. 

    


    
Nonetheless, we are thrilled to be part of a community whose array of tools=
 (building, packaging, debugging, etc) and libraries has expanded so well a=
long with a vibrant compiler development team.

    


    
In the future, we wish to explore more of the new OCaml concurrency feature=
s. This might require that we revisit the way we handle short-term memory f=
irst.

    

    

    

    

    

    Bytesrw 0.1.0 =E2=80=93 Composable byte stream readers and wri=
ters
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
bytesrw-0-1-0-composable-byte-stream-readers-and-writers/15696/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
It's my pleasure to announce the first release of the bytesrw =
library:

    


    

    
Bytesrw extends the OCaml Bytes module with composable, memory=
 efficient, byte stream readers and writers compatible with effect-based co=
ncurrency.

    


    
Except for byte slice life-times, these abstractions intentionally  separat=
e away ressource management and the specifics of reading and writing bytes.

    


    
Bytesrw distributed under the ISC license. It has no dependencies.

    


    
Optional support for compressed and hashed bytes depend, at your wish, on  =
the C zlib, libzstd, bl=
ake3, =
libmd, xxhash a=
nd libraries.

    

    


    
The only reason I was longing for OCaml algebraic effects was so that I cou=
ld avoid using them: when you write codecs on byte streams it should not be=
 a concern where your bytes are coming from or headed to. The bytesrw=
 library provides structures to abstract this. Additionally it estab=
lishes a buffer ownership discipline that enables byte streams to (de)compo=
se while remaining memory efficient.

    


    
I do not expect the library to change much and it has been used. But it's n=
ew and practice may call for adjustments. Do not hesitate to get in touch i=
f you run into problems or see obvious defects or improvements. I do expect=
 the library will add more convenience (e.g. for processing lines and UTF) =
and more optional stream formats over time.

    




    
This first release was made possible thanks to a grant from the OCaml Software Foundation. I also thank my donors for their support.

    

    

    

    

    

    dream-html and pure-html 3.5.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-5-2/148=
08/5

    

    

    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
[ANN] dream-html 3.7.0

    


    
Happy to announce the addition of a helper module for typed form decoding f=
unctionality. See the docs here: https://yawaramin.github.io/=
dream-html/dream-html/Dream_html/Form/index.html

    


    
An example:

    


    

    type user =3D { name : s=
tring; age : int option }

open Dream_html.Form

let user_form =3D
  let+ name =3D required string "name"
  and+ age =3D optional int "age" in
  { name; age }

let dream_form =3D ["age", "42"; "name", "Bob"]
let user_result =3D validate user_form dream_form
(* =3D> Ok { name =3D "Bob"; age =
=3D Some 42 } *)=


let error_result =3D validate user_form ["age", "none"<=
/span>]
(* =3D> Error [("age", "error.expe=
cted.int"); ("name", "error.required")] *)

    

    


    
Astute readers may observe that this provides some convenience functionalit=
y beyond what Dream itself offers; to validate the above form and get a complete set of field validation errors using=
 only Dream you would do something like:

    


    

    let user_result =3D match dream_form with
  | ["age", age; "name", name] ->
    (match int_of=
_string age with
    | age -> =
Ok { name; age =3D Some age }
    | exception <=
span style=3D"color: #242521; background-color: #fcf7ef;">Failure _ =
-> Error ["age", "error.expected.int"])
  | ["name", name] -> Ok { name; age =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #242521; background-color: #fcf7ef;">None }
  | ["age", age] ->
    (match int_of=
_string age with
    | age -> =
Error ["name", "error.required"]
    | exception <=
span style=3D"color: #242521; background-color: #fcf7ef;">Failure _ =
-> Error ["age", "error.expected.int"; "name"<=
/span>, "error.required"])
  | _ -> Erro=
r ["name", "error.required"]

    

    


    
And this is a form with only two fields. You can imagine how convoluted the=
 logic would be for more complex forms. Of course, you might just decide to=
 use List.assoc_opt and build up the validation errors, but ev=
en that can get tricky. So if you are making heavy use of HTML forms, a hel=
per module that takes care of all these validation details can be very usef=
ul. Enjoy!

    

    

    

    

    

    Second beta release of OCaml 5.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/second-beta-release-of-ocaml-5=
-3-0/15700/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
One month after the release of the first beta for OCaml 5.3.0,  we are rele=
asing a second and hopefully last beta release for OCaml 5.3.0 .

    


    
The most notable changes for this second beta are probably a handful of typ=
e system bugfixes. In particular, those fixes revert a change of behaviour =
in the first beta when pattern matching GADTs with non-injective type param=
eters.

    


    
We also have a C++ header compatibility fix and the restoration of some con=
figuration variable in Makefiles for the sake of backward compatibility.

    


    
Overall, the release is converging and we are expecting to have a first rel=
ease candidate around the middle of December. The progresses on stabilising=
 the ecosystem are tracked on the
opam read=
iness for 5.3.0 meta-issue.

    


    
Meanwhile, the second beta release of OCaml 5.3.0 is here to help you update
your software and libraries ahead of the release (see below for the install=
ation
instructions).

    


    
The full release is expected before the end of December.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the new OCa=
ml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available on GitHub.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.3.0~beta2

    


    
The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

    



    

      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      


      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.3.0~beta2+options &=
lt;option_list>

      


      
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

      


      opam switch create 5.3.0~beta2+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.3.0~beta2+opti=
ons ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      


      
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Changes Since The First Beta
    

    

    

      

    • Type system fixes
      

      

        

      • #13501: Reg=
ression on mutually recursive types caused by #12180.
Resuscitate Typedecl.update_type.
(Jacques Garrigue and Takafumi Saikawa, review by Florian Angeletti, Richard
Eisenberg and Gabriel Scherer)
        • 


      • #13495, #13514: Fix typech=
ecker crash while typing objects
(Jacques Garrigue, report by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, review by
 Nicolas Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Gabriel Scherer, Stephen Dolan, Florian Angeletti)=

        • 


      • #13598: Fal=
sely triggered warning 56 [unreachable-case]
This was caused by unproper protection of the retyping function.
(Jacques Garrigue, report by T=C3=B5ivo Leedj=C3=A4rv, review by Florian An=
geletti)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Configuration fixes
      

      

        

      • (breaking change) #12578, #12589, #133=
22, +#13519=
: Use configured CFLAGS and CPPFLAGS only
during the build of the compiler itself. Do not use them when
compiling third-party C sources through the compiler. Flags for
compiling third-party C sources can still be specified at configure
time in the COMPILER_{BYTECODE,NATIVE}_{CFLAGS,CPPFLAGS}
configuration variables.
 (S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer, report by William Hu, review by David Allsopp)

      

      

      • 

    • C++ header compatibility
      

      

        

      • #13541, #13591: Fix header=
s for C++ inclusion.
(Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, review by Nick Barnes, report by Kate Deplaix)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Compiler library bug fix
      

      

        

      • #13603, #13604: fix source=
 printing in the presence of the escaped raw
identifier \#mod.
(Florian Angeletti, report by Chris Casinghino, review by Gabriel Scherer)<=
/li>

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    New release of Monolith
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-monolith/15701/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce a new release of Monolith, a library that =
helps perform strong automated testing of OCaml libraries.

    

    opam update
opam install monolith.20241126

    


    
The changes are as follows:

    


      

    • The documentation of the specification combinators has been re-organized
in sections and subsections. Finding the desired combinator should now be
easier.
      • 


    • The new combinator naive_array offers limited support for =
arrays.
      • 


    • The new combinator naive_seq offers limited support for se=
quences
(that is, for the type constructor Seq.t).
      • 


    • The new combinator pair is a synonym for ( *** ).
      • 


    • The new combinator triple offers support for triples.
      • 


    • The new combinator either offers support for the type cons=
tructor
Either.t.
      • 


    • The new combinators iter, foldr, foldl<=
/code>, iteri, foldri, foldli
offer support for iteration functions.
      • 


    • An unintentional and undocumented limitation has been fixed: so far, us=
es of
the combinator map_into would work only at the root of the spe=
cification
or in the right-hand side of an arrow ^>. It should now be =
possible to use
map_into under other combinators that expect a deconstructible
specification, such as ^!> (in the right-hand side), =
( *** ), option,
result, list, etc. This improvement affects not o=
nly map_into, but
also a number of other combinators that are defined in terms of map_i=
nto.
      • 


    • Monolith now requires OCaml 4.12 or later.
      • 


    • In Makefile.monolith,

        

      • the default switch is changed from 4.11.1 to 4.14.2;
this can be overridden by defining SWITCH;
        • 

      • make test automatically disables the MacOS crash reporter;=

        • 

      • the use of ulimit -s is abandoned.
        • 

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Jsont 0.1.0 =E2=80=93 Declarative JSON data manipulation for O=
Caml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
jsont-0-1-0-declarative-json-data-manipulation-for-ocaml/15702/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
It's my pleasure to announce the first release of the jsont libary:=20

    


    

    
Jsont is an OCaml library for declarative JSON data manipulation. It provid=
es:

    


      

    • Combinators for describing JSON data using the OCaml values of your cho=
ice. The descriptions can be used by generic functions to decode, encode, q=
uery and update JSON data without having to construct a generic JSON repres=
entation.
      • 

    • A JSON codec with optional text location tracking and layout preservati=
on. The codec is compatible with effect-based concurrency.
      • 

    


    
The descriptions are independent from the codec and can be used by third-pa=
rty processors or codecs.

    


    
Jsont is distributed under the ISC license. It has no dependencies. The cod=
ec is optional and depends on the bytesrw library. The JavaScript support is option=
al and depends on the b=
rr library.

    

    


    
The library has been used in practice but it's new so a few adjustments may=
 be needed and more convenience combinators added.

    


    
The library also enables quite a few things that I did not have the time to=
 explore like schema description generation from descriptions, quasi-stream=
ing JSON transformations, description generation from dynamic type represen=
tations, etc. Lots of this can be done outside the core library, do not hes=
itate to get in touch if you use the library and find interesting applicati=
ons or pesking limitations.

    




    
This first release was made possible thanks to a grant from the OCaml Software Foundation. I also thank my donors for their support.

    


    
Best,

    


    
Daniel

    


    
P.S. I think that the technique used by the library, which I dubbed fina=
lly tagged is interesting in itself. You can read a paper about it here along wi=
th a smaller, self-contained, implementation of what the library does.

    

    

    

    

    

    Tiny educational concurrent I/O and promises library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tiny-educati=
onal-concurrent-i-o-and-promises-library/15703/1

    

    

    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
I like Lwt. It's a fantastic=
 library, but how does it work? I spent a few days studying its source code=
.=20

    


    
Finally, inspired by the implementation of Lwt and the CS3110 chapter, 8.7. Promises. I wrote a maxima=
lly stupid tiny-asy=
nc-lib library.=20

    


    
Maybe you may be interested in this naive implementation.=20

    

    

    

    Examples of use
    

    

    

    let () =3D=20
  Engine.run main begin
    let* () =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf;">Io.(write_all stdout) "Hi! What's your name? " in
    let* name =3D Io.=
(read_line stdin) in
    Io.(write_all stdout) ("Hello, " ^ name ^ "!\n")
  end

    

    


    

    let read_and_print_file =
filename =3D=20
  Io.(read_file filename >>=3D=
 write_all stdout)

let _ =3D
  Engine.run begin
    let filenames =3D [ (* ... *)=
 ] in=20=20

    filenames
    |> List.map read_and_print_file
    |> Promise.join
  end

    

    

    

    

    

    Implementation details
    

    

    
The first key abstraction of the whole library is, of course, Promise. Promise is a=
n abstraction for synchronizing program execution in concurrent evaluations=
. In simple terms, it's an abstraction over callbacks. Promises allows us t=
o build (monadic) sequence evaluations inside of non-sequence evaluations.

    


    

    (* promise=
.ml *)

type 'a t =3D { mutable state: 'a state }=20=20

and 'a state =3D=20
  | Fulfilled of 'a=20
  | Rejected of exn
  | Pending of 'a callback=
 list=20

and 'a callback =3D 'a state -> unit=20

    

    


    
Promises are represented as a mutable record with three possible states: fu=
lfilled (contains a value), rejected (contains an exception), and pending (=
contains callbacks).=20

    


    
Callbacks are functions that are called when a promise is resolved.
So when we bind, if the promise is in pending state, we add a =
callback that calls the following monadic sequence when the promise is reso=
lved.

    


    

    (* io.ml *)

let sleep delay =3D
  let p, r =3D=
 Promise.make () in

  Engine.(on_timer instance) delay (=
fun handler ->
      Engine.stop_handler handler;
      Promise.fulfill r ());

  p

    

    


    
The second key abstraction is an asynchronous I/O engine that polls I/O events and disp=
atches them to handlers. Original Lwt has few engines (like based libev, se=
lect, poll), but I hardcoded a [select](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Select_(Unix))-based=
 engine inspired by Lwt_engine.select_based.=20

    


    
The typical async engine in internals has an event loop. At each iteration =
of the event loop, the engine polls for new events and calls handlers to ha=
ndle them.=20

    


    

    (* engine.=
ml *)

let iter engine =3D
  (* ... *)

  let readable_fds, w=
ritable_fds, _ =3D
    Unix.select readable_fds writabl=
e_fds [] =
timeout
  in

  engine.sleepers <- restart_sleepers now engine.sleepers;

  invoke_io_handlers engine.wait_readable readable_fds;
  invoke_io_handlers engine.wait_writable writable_fds

    

    


    
How to execute I/O promise? It's not a big deal.=20

    

    

    (* engine.=
ml *)

let rec run promise =3D
  match Promise.state promise with
  | Fulfilled value -> value
  | Rejected exc -> raise exc
  | Pending _ ->
      iter instance;
      run promise

    

    


    
We just need to loop the event loop until the promis is resolved.

    


    
It's just a toy! I'm not an expert in such things, so the library is very n=
aive and tries to mimic Lwt. But I think it's a good demonstration.=20

    


    
Repository
https://github.com/dx3=
mod/tiny-async-lib

    


    
Thank you for your attention!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Eliom 11.1: Towards Web Assembly support
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/eliom-11-1-towards-web-as=
sembly-support/15704/1

    

    

    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
Eliom 11.1 has been released recently.
This minor release brings compatibility with Web Assembly and the upcoming =
version of js_of_ocaml.
Ocsigen Toolkit and Ocsigen Start have been updated as well.

    


    
Stay tuned for further announcements concerning client-server Web and mobil=
e apps in Ocaml with Web Assembly!

    


    
Links:

    



    

    

    

    

    Areas and Adversaries
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-areas-and-adversaries/15706/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
I figured people might be bored of British pub names by =
now so I did another thing: a generator for titles of table-top role-play=
ing games.

    


    $ opam install areas-and-adversaries
...
$ areas-and-adversaries
Woods & Wizards

    


    
The code is on Gitlab: https://gitlab.com/raphael-proust/areas-and-adversaries

    


    
It was a good excuse to experiment with non-dune build systems (to scope th=
ings out). I went for a plain Makefile in the end which works well.

    


    
I also wanted to figure out a better way to embed data in an executable. I =
ended up wondering about moving as much of the processing as possible into =
the build phase. What I ended up with is a small program which prints a com=
pilation unit (.ml) which has mostly array literals. Still hav=
e some open questions on that, any input welcome:

    

      

    • Should I have used meta-ocaml to print the code? The data/munch.m=
l would probably be more readable, but the build probably less.
      • 

    • How could I generate this kind of processed-data code for data-structur=
es which don't have a literal (maps, sets, hash tables, etc.)? How can I mi=
nimise the initialisation cost of the program for such situations?
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    MariaDB 1.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mariadb-1-2-0/15709/1

    

    

    

    Petter A. Urkedal announced
    

    

    
I'm please to announce a new release of the mariadb package, which provides client bi=
ndings for MariaDB and MySQL. See the full release notes below.

    


    
This is also to announce that I have taken over maintenance of the project.=
  Currently I am the sole maintainer (and I usually use PostgreSQL for my o=
wn deployments), so if someone has the time en interest to contribute, let =
me know.  The main focus from my side is to keep the project up to date and=
 stable, rather than making major changes.

    


    
Release notes:

    


      

    • Added Stmt.start_txn (#59 by Corentin Leruth).
      • 

    • Added Res.insert_id as binding for mysql_stmt_insert=
_id (#58 by=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
Corentin Leruth).
      • 

    • Updated to support recent OCaml versions (#45 by @kit-ty-kate).
      • 

    • Fixed too-early retrieval of statement metadata (#41 by Albert Peschar)=
.
      • 

    • Fixed decoding bug for the integer type (#54 by Raman Varabets, tested=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
by #61 by Corentin Leruth).
      • 

    • Fixed a memory leaks related to result metadata (#39 by Albert Peschar)=
.
      • 

    • The build system is now dune and dune-configurator (#52 by Petter A.=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
Urkedal) and some of the examples have been converted to a test suite=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
(#60 by Petter A. Urkedal).
      • 

    • The project has been transferred to ocaml-community with Petter A.=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
Urkedal as the new maintainer.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Proposed Package Archiving Policy for the opam Repository
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/propose=
d-package-archiving-policy-for-the-opam-repository/15713/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
It is my please to announce the proposed package archiving policy in the na=
me of the opam-repository maintainers.

    

    

    

    Context
    

    

    
The opam repository differs from nearly all other programming-language-cent=
ric package repositories in that it is manually curated by volunteer mainta=
iners and protected by a robust continuous integration system that (general=
ly) ensures published packages work as expected across a large matri=
x of supported platforms.

    


    
Over the past few years the repository has kept growing steadily, when not =
accelerating, and this has started raising questions about the size, weight=
 and sustainability of the repository and its processes. Last year, Hannes Mehnert requested comments on a =
proposed =
initiative to improve the sustainability and quality of the opam packag=
e repository on the long term.

    

    

    

    

    Problem
    

    

    
The problem, in a nutshell, is that the opam-repository will k=
eep steadily growing, using an increasing and substantial amount of space a=
nd inodes. Every opam user needs to invest a large amount of computational =
resources for the solver, every time they want to install or update a packa=
ge. Additionally, a large amount of computational resources are spent in th=
e continuous integration process and yet a lot of the packages have become =
stale or uninstallable.

    

    

    

    

    Solution
    

    

    
After muc=
h deliberation, the discussion converged on a solution: introduce a pac=
kage archiving policy and supporting processes, to periodically identify an=
d prune unmaintained and broken packages from the repository. This will imp=
rove the performance of the opam solvers, of the opam-repo CI, and most imp=
ortantly improve the quality of the package repository, while keeping a sor=
t of immutability of the repository content and preserving the usability of=
 historical packages for the users that want or need them.

    


    
The opam repository maintainers propose a policy.

    


    
The currently empty repository archive has been created, waiting for packages to be m=
oved.

    

    

    

    

    Call to action
    

    

    
If you maintain packages in the opam-repository, you can help by defining y=
our maintanence intent: add a new field x-maintenance-intent t=
o your opam file(s) (the most recent release of your package is sufficient =
- please also put this field in your git repository so it will be part of f=
uture releases). The value is defined in the policy.

    

    

    

    

    Roadmap
    

    

    
All announcements will be on discuss.ocaml.org with the opam-repository tag=
. If you like to follow these announcements, keep your eyes at the opam-repository tag.

    


      

    • December 1st 2024: announcement of this proposal
      • 

    • December 15th 2024: announcement of the packages affected by Phase 1 (u=
ninstallable packages ("available: false", "flags: avoid-version" or "depre=
cated", "opam admin check –installable", does not compile – o=
pam health check https://check.ci.o=
caml.org/)
      • 

    • January 1st 2025: Phase 1 cutting point: packages are moved to opam-rep=
ository-archive
      • 

    • January 15th 2025: announcement of the packages affected by Phase 2 (OC=
aml lower bound 4.08)
      • 

    • February 1st 2025: Phase 2 cutting point: packages are moved to opam-re=
pository-archive
      • 

    • February 15th 2025: initial spring cleaning, announcement of packages (=
based on maintenance-intent)
      • 

    • March 1st 2025: spring cleaning cutting point: packages are moved to op=
am-repository-archive
      • 

    • Every quarter: repeat Phase 3
      • 

    • Every year: reconsider Phase 2 with an increased OCaml lower bound
      • 

    


    
We now invite members of the OCaml community who may not follow the ocaml-r=
epository issues to review our plans and submit comments, questions, or sug=
gestions.

    


    
Thank you in advance for your support!

    

    

    


    

    Acknowledgment
    

    

    
Thanks to the following individuals for valuable input and contributions to=
 the planning process (sorry in case we forgot you):

    


      

    • Marcello Seri
      • 

    • Shon Feder
      • 

    • Thomas Gazagnaire
      • 

    • kit-ty-kate
      • 

    • Weng Shiwei =E7=BF=81=E5=A3=AB=E4=BC=9F
      • 

    • Marcus Rohrmoser
      • 

    • Reynir Bj=C3=B6rnsson
      • 

    • Stephen Sherratt
      • 

    • Simon Cruanes
      • 

    • Marek Kubica
      • 

    • Rapha=C3=ABl Proust
      • 

    • Romain Beauxis
      • 

    • Yawar Amin
      • 

    • Anil Madhavapeddy
      • 

    • Boning D.
      • 

    • Mathieu Barbin
      • 

    • Hannes Mehnert
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    capnp-rpc 2.0
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-capnp-rpc-2-0/15739/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Leonard announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the release of capnp-rpc 2.0, an OCaml implementation of=
 the Cap'n Proto RPC specification.

    


    
If you haven't used the library before, please see the documentation and tutoria=
l. Cap'n Proto RPC aims to provide secure, efficient, typed communicati=
ons between multiple parties.

    


    
The main change in this version is the switch from Lwt to Eio for concurren=
cy. The echo benchmark is about 40% faster than before. This isn't because =
Eio is actually that much faster than Lwt, but more because it has better p=
rofiling support so spotting problems was easier. See https://roscidus.com/blog/blo=
g/2024/07/22/performance/ for an example:

    



    

    3D"capnp-eio-slow-zoom1-debug.png"

    

    


    
There is a capnp-rpc-lwt compatibility package that provides t=
he old Lwt API using the new Eio version, allowing libraries using the old =
API to be used in applications using the new code, without having to update=
 everything at once.

    


    
To migrate to the new version (checking everything still works after each s=
tep):

    


      

    1. First, update to capnp-rpc 1.2.4 (this ensures you are using the newer =
mirage-crypto API, to get that migration out of the way first).
      2. 

    2. Switch your application (that sets up the networking) to capnp-rpc-unix=
 2.0.
      3. 

    3. Migrate client and server code away from capnp-rpc-lwt when convenient.=

      4. 

    


    
For more detailed instructions, see the changelog.

    


    
Here's an example of the changes needed in the solver-service project:

    


    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2024 14:48:56 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 05 to 12, 20=
24.

    



    

    Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects based concurrency
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-picos-inter=
operable-effects-based-concurrency/14507/3

    

    

    

    polytypic announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce that Picos version 0.6.0 has been released!

    


    

    
Picos is a systems programming interface between effects based schedulers a=
nd concurrent abstractions.

    

    


    
A lot of work has been done on Picos since previous announcements.

    


    
You might start on the new minimalist landing page for Picos, which, among other things, allo=
ws you to access the documentation of all the released Picos versions.

    


    
Also, in case you missed it, a recording of the talk

    


    

    
Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects=
 based concurrency

    

    


    
can be found here.

    


    
We also held a workshop on concurrency and parallelism at Fun OCaml. You might enjoy trying out the exercise we develope=
d for the workshop.

    


    
As, for reasons of dependencies, Picos now comes in no less than 8 packages and multipl=
e libraries, here is a summary of the packages and the libraries inside eac=
h package:

    


      

    • picos =E2=80=94 Picos =E2=80=94 Interoperable effects =
based concurrency

        

      • picos =E2=80=94 A systems programming interface =
between effects based schedulers and concurrent abstractions
        • 

      • picos.domain =E2=80=94 Minimalistic domai=
n API available both on OCaml 5 and on OCaml 4
        • 

      • picos.thread =E2=80=94 Minimalistic threa=
d API available with or without threads.posix
        • 

      • 


    • picos_mux =E2=80=94 Sample schedulers for Picos

        

      • picos_mux.fifo =E2=80=94 Basic sing=
le-threaded effects based Picos compatible scheduler for OCaml 5
        • 

      • picos_mux.multififo =E2=80=94 =
Basic multi-threaded effects based Picos compatible scheduler for OCaml 5

      • picos_mux.random =E2=80=94 Random=
ized multi-threaded effects based Picos compatible scheduler for OCaml 5

      • picos_mux.thread =E2=80=94 Basic =
Thread based Picos compatible scheduler for OCaml 4
        • 

      • 


    • picos_std =E2=80=94 Sample libraries for Picos

      • 


    • picos_io =E2=80=94 Asynchronous IO system for Picos

        

      • picos_io =E2=80=94 Basic IO facilities bas=
ed on OCaml standard libraries for Picos
        • 

      • picos_io.select =E2=80=94 Basic Uni=
x.select based IO event loop for Picos
        • 

      • picos_io.fd =E2=80=94 Externally refere=
nce counted file descriptors
        • 

      • 


    • picos_io_cohttp =E2=80=94 Cohttp running on =
Picos IO

        

      • picos_io_cohttp =E2=80=94 Mi=
nimalistic Cohttp implementation using Picos_io for Picos
        • 

      • 


    • picos_lwt =E2=80=94 Lwt interface for Picos

        

      • picos_lwt =E2=80=94 Direct style Picos c=
ompatible interface to Lwt for OCaml 5
        • 

      • picos_lwt.unix =E2=80=94 Direct sty=
le Picos compatible interface to Lwt with Lwt_unix for OCaml 5
        • 

      • 


    • picos_aux =E2=80=94 Auxiliary libraries for Picos

        

      • picos_aux.htbl =E2=80=94 Lock-free =
hash table
        • 

      • picos_aux.mpmcq =E2=80=94 Lock-fre=
e multi-producer, multi-consumer queue
        • 

      • picos_aux.mpscq =E2=80=94 Lock-fre=
e multi-producer, single-consumer queue
        • 

      • picos_aux.rc =E2=80=94 External refer=
ence counting tables for disposable resources
        • 

      • 


    • picos_meta =E2=80=94 Integration tests for Picos =
packages
      • 

    


    
In addition to the above, Mo=
onpool now uses Picos underneath.

    


    
And, I almost forgot, there is a ready to be merged PR for Kcas to change it to use Picos=
.  You should be able to try it with an opam pin-depends.

    

    

    

    

    

    findlib-1.9.7
    

    

    
Archive: https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/arc/caml-list/2024-11/msg00004.html=


    

    

    

    Gerd Stolpmann announced
    

    

    
findlib-1.9.7 is out. This is mostly a bugfix release. There is now also
some support for relocability (driven by environment variables),
contributed by Marek Kubica.

    


    
For manual, download, manuals, etc. see here:

    


    
http://proje=
cts.camlcity.org/projects/findlib.html

    


    
An updated OPAM package will follow soon.

    

    

    

    

    

    First release candidate for OCaml 5.2.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-release-candidate-f=
or-ocaml-5-2-1/15578/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The release of OCaml version 5.2.1 is imminent.

    


    
OCaml 5.2.1 is a collection of safe but import runtime time bug fixes backp=
orted from the 5.3 branch of OCaml. The full list of bug fixes is available=
 below.

    


    
In order to ensure that the future release works as expected, we are planni=
ng to test a release candidate during the upcoming week.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them here on GitHub.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands on opam 2.1:

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.2.1~rc1

    


    
The source code for the release candidate is available on

    



    

      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      

      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.2.1~rc1+options <=
;option_list>

      

      
where `<option_list>` is a space-separated list of `ocaml-option-*` p=
ackages. For instance, for a `flambda` and `no-flat-float-array` switch:

      

      opam switch create 5.2.1~rc1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.2.1~rc1+options =
ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      


      
All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option`.

      


      
Changes Since OCaml 5.2.0

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Runtime System:
    

    

      

    • #13207: Be =
sure to reload the register caching the exception handler in
caml_c_call and caml_c_call_stack_args, as its value may have been changed
if the OCaml stack is expanded during a callback.
(Miod Vallat, report by Vesa Karvonen, review by Gabriel Scherer and
 Xavier Leroy)
      • 

    • #13252: Rew=
ork register assignment in the interpreter code on m68k on Linux,
due to the %a5 register being used by Glibc.
(Miod Vallat, report by St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Gabriel Scherer and
 Xavier Leroy)
      • 

    • #13268: Fix=
 a call to test in configure.ac that was causing errors when
LDFLAGS contains several words.
(St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Miod Vallat)
      • 

    • #13234, #13267: Open runti=
me events file in read-write mode on armel
(armv5) systems due to atomic operations limitations on that
platform.
(St=C3=A9phane Glondu, review by Miod Vallat and Vincent Laviron)
      • 

    • #13188: fix=
 races in the FFI code coming from the use of Int_val(…)
on rooted values inside blocking questions / without the runtime lock.
(Calling Int_val(…) on non-rooted immediates is fine, but any
 access to rooted values must be done outside blocking sections /
 with the runtime lock.)
(Etienne Millon, review by Gabriel Scherer, Jan Midtgaard, Olivier Nicole)<=
/li>

    • #13318: Fix=
 regression in GC alarms, and fix them for flambda.
(Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni, report by Benjamin Monate, review by
 Vincent Laviron and Gabriel Scherer)
      • 

    • #13140: POW=
ER back-end: fix issue with call to `caml_call_realloc_stack`
from a DLL
(Xavier Leroy, review by Miod Vallat)
      • 

    • #13370: Fix=
 a low-probability crash when calling Gc.counters.
(Demi Marie Obenour, review by Gabriel Scherer)
      • 

    • #13402, #13512, #13549, #13553: Revise bytecode implemen=
tation of callbacks
so that it no longer produces dangling registered bytecode fragments.
(Xavier Leroy, report by Jan Midtgaard, analysis by Stephen Dolan,
 review by Miod Vallat)
      • 

    • #13502: Fix=
 misindexing related to `Gc.finalise_last` that could prevent
finalisers from being run.
(Nick Roberts, review by Mark Shinwell)
      • 

    • #13520: Fix=
 compilation of native-code version of systhreads. Bytecode fields
were being included in the thread descriptors.
(David Allsopp, review by S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer and Miod Vallat)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    mirage-swapfs
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mirage-swapfs/15583/1

    

    

    

    Reynir Bj=C3=B6rnsson announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the first release of mirage-swapfs (swapfs on opam). It is an exp=
erimental library to use a mirage block device for ephemeral, append-only, =
anonymous "files". It was developed for use cases such as in opam-mirror  where opam package=
 source archives are downloaded. The files are first downloaded to "swap" a=
nd if the download succeeds and the checksum is as expected the data is the=
n copied over to the tar filesystem.

    


    
Internally it uses a weak pointer array (Weak.t) to map "block=
" offsets to handles. The idea is the garbage collector can help us free up=
 "blocks" if the user forgets to explicitly free the handle. A "block" is (=
configurable, see blocking_factor) multiple of sectors in orde=
r to reduce bookkeeping overhead. With a sector size of 512 bytes the defau=
lt is 1 MiB per block.

    


    
See also the documentation https://robur-coop.github.io/mirage-swapfs/doc=
/swapfs/index.html

    


    
I would be interested to hear about other ideas or approaches.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/16

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting tomorrow, on Wednesday, November,=
 13th at 9:00 CET. :warning: Note that the session has been moved one hour earlier. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronise between the Dune developers !:smile:

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if y=
ou want to add more items in it.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 03 to 10, 20=
24.

    



    

    Release of cppo 1.8.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-cppo-1-8-0/15749/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce a new release of cppo (1.8.0) with on=
e new feature and one bug fix:

    


      

    • A scope, delimited by #scope ... #endscope, limits the eff=
ect of #define, #def ... #enddef, and #unde=
f.
      • 

    • The command cppo -version, which used to print a blank lin=
e, has been fixed.
      • 

    


    
For more details, please see the documentation.

    

    

    

    

    

    New releases of Merlin and OCaml-LSP
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-releases-of-merl=
in-and-ocaml-lsp/15752/1

    

    

    

    vds announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce new releases of Merlin (5.3-502 and <=
code>4.18-414) and OCaml-LSP  (1.20.1 and 1.20.1-=
4.14).=20

    


    
The Merlin releases bundle a handful of fixes while the LSP releases focus =
on adding more custom queries. These custom queries will enable tailored LS=
P clients to provide the same rich OCaml editing features as the one provid=
ed by the original Merlin modes for Emacs and Vim.

    


    
Latest releases of vscode-ocaml-platform already provide two n=
ew commands: Construct and Jump that respectively=
 provide a better UI to fill typed holes with values and jump to specific p=
arent nodes. Search by type/polarity and a command to get the type of growi=
ng and shrinking selections will also be available in the future.

    



    

    3D"c07de3130c92c=

    

    

    

    

    Merlin changelog
    

    

    

      

    • merlin 5.3
      

      

        

      • merlin binary

          

        • Respect the EXCLUDE_QUERY_DIR configuration directive when=
 looking for cmt
files (#1854)
          • 

        • Fix occurrences bug in which relative paths in index files are resolved=
 against the
PWD rather than the SOURCE_ROOT (#1855)
          • 

        • Fix exception in polarity search (#1858 fixes #1113)
          • 

        • Fix jump to fun targets not working (#1863, fixes #1862)

        • Fix type-enclosing results instability. This reverts some overly
aggressive deduplication that should be done on the client side. (#1864)

        • Fix occurrences not working when the definition comes from a hidden sou=
rce
file (#1865)
          • 

        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    OCaml-LSP changelog
    

    

    

      

    • 1.20.1
      

        

      • Features
        

        

          

        • Add custom
[~ocamllsp/typeSearch~](/ocaml-lsp-server/docs/ocamllsp/typeSearch-spec.md)=
 request (#1369)
          • 

        • Make MerlinJump code action configurable (#1376)
          • 

        • Add custom [~ocamllsp/jump~](/ocaml-lsp-server/docs/ocamllsp/merlinJump=
-spec.md) request (#1374)
          • 

        

        

        • 

      • Fixes
        

        

          

        • Fix fd leak in running external processes for preprocessing (#1349)
          • 

        • Fix prefix parsing for completion of object methods (#1363, fixes #1358=
)
          • 

        • Remove some duplicates in the selectionRange answers (#136=
8)
          • 

        • Deactivate the jump code actions by default. Clients can e=
nable them with
the merlinJumpCodeActions configuration option. Alternatively =
a custom
request is provided for ad hoc use of the feature. (#1411)
          • 

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    New release of baby
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-release-of-baby/15754/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the second release of baby.

    


    opam update
opam install baby.20241204

    


    
baby is an OCaml library that offers persistent sets and maps =
based on balanced binary search trees. It offers replacements for OCaml's <=
code>Set and Map modules.

    


    
Height-balanced and weight-balanced binary search trees are offered out of =
the box. Furthermore, to advanced users, the library offers a lightweight w=
ay of implementing other balancing strategies.

    


    
Documentation=
 is available online.

    


    
The changes in this release are as follows:

    


      

    • The library now offers both sets and maps. The modules Baby.H.Set=
 and Baby.W.Set continue to exist, and are compatible w=
ith OCaml's Set library. The modules Baby.H.Map a=
nd Baby.W.Map appear, and are compatible with OCaml's Ma=
p library. Furthermore, the functors Baby.H.Make and Baby.W.Make appear. These functors produce a module that contain=
s sets, maps, and two conversion functions between sets and maps, namely domain and lift.
      • 

    • Documentation: in the signature OrderedType, clarify the s=
pecification of the function compare; this function decides a =
total preorder =E2=89=A4.
      • 

    • Documentation: in the preamble, clarify that, most of the time, we assu=
me that =E2=89=A4 is a total order; if an operation must be un=
derstood in the more general case where =E2=89=A4 is a total p=
reorder, then this is explicitly indicated.
      • 

    • Documentation: update the documentation of find and =
find_opt in accordance with the previous point.
      • 

    • A number of incompatible changes have been made; see the change log for deta=
ils.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Release of Saturn 1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-saturn-1-0/15763/1

    

    

    

    Carine Morel announced
    

    

    
I am thrilled to announce the release of Saturn 1.0!

    


    
Saturn is a collection of concurrent-safe data structures designed for OCam=
l 5. These structures have been:

    

      

    • thoroughly tested with amazing tools like STM (see this blog post) and DScheck,
      • 

    • benchmarked for performance,
      • 

    • optimized for efficiency,
      • 

    • and even verified in some cases!
      • 

    


    
If you're curious about the motivation behind Saturn and the challenges it =
addresses, you can read more here.

    

    

    

    What Can You Do with Saturn?
    

    

    
Saturn provides a variety of data structures, including queues, stacks, has=
h tables, and more. All of these structures are lock-free, linearizable, and specifically designed to take full advantage =
of OCaml 5=E2=80=99s multicore capabilities.

    

    

      

    • Portable Data Structures
      

      

      
Lock-freedom is a progress property that guarantees system-wide progress. T=
his is a powerful and desirable feature, though it comes at the cost of som=
e overhead. However, it offers a significant advantage: lock-free data stru=
ctures avoid the need for scheduler-specific blocking mechanisms, making th=
em compatible with any scheduler, such as Eio or Domainslib.

      

      

      • 

    • Restrictions
      

      

      
Saturn=E2=80=99s data structures are not composable, meaning you cannot com=
bine them (e.g., use Saturn.Queue inside Saturn.Htbl) while preserving properties like lock-freedom and linearizability.

      


      
They are also not extensible outside of Saturn without losing these propert=
ies. For instance, Saturn.Queue does not include a lengt=
h function because implementing one would introduce significant over=
head (see Saturn.Bounded_queue for an example of this tradeoff=
). Attempting to add this functionality, such as by wrapping the queue:

      


      

      type 'a t =3D {size: int=
 Atomic.t; queue : 'a Saturn.Queue.t}

      

      


      
would result in a structure that either loses lock-freedom or is no longer =
linearizable.

      


      
If you need composable lock-free data structures, consider exploring kcas_data.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Call to Action
    

    

      

    • Try It Out: Give Saturn a try in your projects and let us know h=
ow it works for you. If you encounter any bugs or issues, please report the=
m on our GitHub repos=
itory.
      • 

    • Share Your Use Case: Are you already using Saturn? Let us know i=
n the comments what you're building with it!
      • 

    • Contribute: We=E2=80=99d love to have more contributors. Whether=
 it=E2=80=99s implementing new features, improving documentation, or sugges=
ting enhancements, your contributions are welcome!
      • 

    • Help Shape the Future: What would you like to see in Saturn? Is =
there a missing data structure you need? Share your thoughts to help us bui=
ld a roadmap for future development.
      • 

    


    
Thank you for your support!

    

    

    

    

    Talks and Resources
    

    

    
If you want to learn more about Saturn, I gave a talk at the 2024 OCaml Wor=
kshop=E2=80=94check out the short paper and the talk.

    


    
To dive deeper into concurrent-safe data structures, I highly recommend hav=
ing a look at The Art of Multiprocessor Programmi=
ng, which explores the differences in design between lock-based and loc=
k-free data structures.

    

    

    

    

    Commercial Support
    

    

    
If you=E2=80=99re interested in incorporating Saturn into your commercial a=
pplications, Tarides offers professional development and support services. =
Feel free to contact us for more details.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/18

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi Dune enthusiasts! :smile:=20=20

    


    
We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting on Wednesday, December, 11th a=
t 9:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronise between the Dune developers ! :camel:=20

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if y=
ou want to add more items in it.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.17
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-17/15770/1

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is happy to announce the release of Dune 3.17.0!=
 :tada:=20

    


    
Among the list of changes, this minor release enables the Dune cache by def=
ault for known-safe operations, adds out-of-the-box support for Wasm_=
of_ocaml, adds support for the~-H~ compiler flag introduced in OCaml=
 5.2, allows specifying code hosting services like Codeberg or GitLab organ=
isations, and gives the possibility to run individual tests with dune=
 runtest.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Added
      

      

        

      • Make Merlin/OCaml-LSP aware of "hidden" dependencies used by
(implicit_transitive_deps false) via the -H compi=
ler flag. (#10535, @voodoos)
        • 

      • Add support for the -H flag (introduced in OCaml compiler 5.2) in dune
(requires lang versions 3.17). This adaptation gives
the correct semantics for (implicit_transitive_deps false).
(#10644, fixes #9333, ocsigen/tyxml#274, #2733, #4963, @MA0100)
        • 

      • Add support for specifying Gitlab organization repositories in so=
urce
stanzas (#10766, fixes #6723, @H-ANSEN)
        • 

      • New option to control jsoo sourcemap generation in env and executable s=
tanza
(#10777, fixes #10673, @hhugo)
        • 

      • One can now control jsoo compilation_mode inside an executable stanza
(#10777, fixes #10673, @hhugo)
        • 

      • Add support for specifying default values of the authors, =
maintainers, and
license stanzas of the dune-project file via the =
dune config file. Default
values are set using the (project_defaults) stanza (#10835, @H=
-ANSEN)
        • 

      • Add names to source tree events in performance traces (#10884, @jchavar=
ri)
        • 

      • Add codeberg as an option for defining project sources in =
dune-project
files. For example, (source (codeberg user/repo)). (#10904, @n=
lordell)
        • 

      • dune runtest can now run individual tests with dune =
runtest mytest.t
(#11041, @Alizter).
        • 

      • Wasm_of_ocaml support (#11093, @vouillon)
        • 

      • Add a coqdep_flags field to the coq field of =
the env stanza, and to the
coq.theory stanza, allowing to configure coqdep f=
lags. (#11094,
@rlepigre)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Show the context name for errors happening in non-default contexts.
(#10414, fixes #10378, @jchavarri)
        • 

      • Correctly declare dependencies of indexes so that they are rebuilt when
needed. (#10623, @voodoos)
        • 

      • Don't depend on coq-stdlib being installed when expanding variables
of the coq.version family (#10631, fixes #10629, @gares)
        • 

      • Error out if no files are found when using copy_files. (#1=
0649, @jchavarri)
        • 

      • Re_export dune-section private library in the dune-site library stanza,
in order to avoid failure when generating and building sites modules
with implicit_transitive_deps =3D false. (#10650, fixes #9661, @MA0100)
        • 

      • Expect test fixes: support multiple modes and fix dependencies when the=
re is
a custom runner (#10671, @vouillon)
        • 

      • In a (library) stanza with (extra_objects) an=
d (foreign_stubs), avoid
double linking the extra object files in the final executable.
(#10783, fixes #10785, @nojb)
        • 

      • Map (re_export) library dependencies to the exports<=
/code> field in META files,
and vice-versa. This field was proposed in to
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/proposal-a-new-exports-fi=
eld-in-findlib-meta-files/13947.
The field is included in Dune-generated META files only when t=
he Dune lang
version is >=3D 3.17.
(#10831, fixes #10830, @nojb)
        • 

      • Fix staged pps preprocessors on Windows (which were not working at all
previously) (#10869, fixes #10867, @nojb)
        • 

      • Fix dune describe when an executable is disabled with enabled_if.
(#10881, fixes #10779, @moyodiallo)
        • 

      • Fix an issue where C stubs would be rebuilt whenever the stderr of Dune=
 was
redirected. (#10883, fixes #10882, @nojb)
        • 

      • Fix the URL opened by the command dune ocaml doc. (#10897,=
 @gridbugs)
        • 

      • Fix the file referred to in the error/warning message displayed due to =
the
dune configuration version not supporting a particular configuration
stanza in use. (#10923, @H-ANSEN)
        • 

      • Fix enabled_if when it uses env variable. (#1=
0936, fixes #10905, @moyodiallo)
        • 

      • Fix exec -w for relative paths with –root argument (#10982, @gri=
dbugs)
        • 

      • Do not ignore the (locks ..) field in the test and tests stanza
(#11081, @rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Tolerate files without extension when generating merlin rules.
(#11128, @anmonteiro)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Changed
      

      

        

      • Remove all remnants of the experimental patch-back-source-tree. (#10771,
@rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Change the preset value for author and maintainer fields in the
dune-project file to encourage including emails. (#10848, @pun=
chagan)
        • 

      • Tweak the preset value for tags in the dune-project file t=
o hint at topics
not having a special meaning. (#10849, @punchagan)
        • 

      • Change some colors to improve readability in light-mode terminals
(#10890, @gridbugs)
        • 

      • Forward the linkall flag to jsoo in whole program compilation as well (=
#10935, @hhugo)
        • 

      • Configurator uses pkgconf as pkg-config implementation whe=
n available
and forwards it the target of ocamlc -config. (#1=
0937, @pirbo)
        • 

      • Enable Dune cache by default. Add a new Dune cache setting
enabled-except-user-rules, which enables the Dune cache, but e=
xcludes
user-written rules from it. This is a conservative choice that can avoid
breaking rules whose dependencies are not correctly specified. This is the
current default. (#10944, #10710, @nojb, @ElectreAAS)
        • 

      • Do not add dune dependency in dune-project wh=
en creating projects with
dune init proj. The Dune dependency is implicitely added when =
generating
opam files (#11129, @Leonidas-from-XIV)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Spec and interface to declare dependencies in an OCaml script<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/spe=
c-and-interface-to-declare-dependencies-in-an-ocaml-script/15772/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
This is the fourth article in the MlFront series. If you are interested in =
scripting frameworks that can download source code and bytecode, and inter-=
operate while doing so, please read:

    


    
https://diskuv.com/mlfro=
nt/overview-4/

    

    

    

    TLDR
    

    

    
(Critical, verbatim snippets from article)

    


    
I have an old opam package DkSDKFFIOCaml_Std that is a low-level bridge between OCaml and=
 other programming languages. It can be extraordinarily difficult to build,=
 so I made it a mix of pure OCaml source code and prebuilt library download=
s. Today I'll describe how embedded OCaml dependencies like the following <=
i>simplifies the build process:

    


    

    module _ =3D DkSDKFFI_OCaml
(** The bridge between =
OCaml and other programming languages.

    {[ `v1 [
          `sec [ `scheme<=
/span> "dkcoder" ];
          `blib<=
/span> ["https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/62703194/packages/generic/@DKML_TARGET_ABI@/=
2.1.4/@DKML_TARGET_ABI@-4.14.2-DkSDKFFI_OCaml-2.1.4-none.blib.zip"];
          `clib<=
/span> ["https://gitlab.com/api/v4/projects/62703194/packages/generic/@DKML_TARGET_ABI@/=
2.1.4/@DKML_TARGET_ABI@-4.14.2-DkSDKFFI_OCaml-2.1.4-none.clib.zip"]
        ] ]} *)

(* And use what you imported ... *)
let () =3D
   ignore (DkSDKFFI_OCaml.Com.create_c ())

    

    


    
—

    


    
One set of designs I created are the MlFront_Archive package f=
ormats:

    


      

    1. *.blib.zip - This is the bytecode archive. It is a zip fil=
e containing .cma, .cmi and some other critical m=
etadata.
      2. 

    2. *.clib.zip - This is the C library archive. It is a zip fi=
le containing .so or .dylib or .dll =
shared libraries, and also the corresponding static libraries.
      3. 

    

    
The important concept is that *.blib.zip and *.clib.zip<=
/code> for OCaml are analogous to *.jar files for Java. The de=
sign is available at:

    




    
—

    


    
The remote specification design is in the MlFront_Config libra=
ry:

    



    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 10 to 17,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Opam repository archival, Phase 1: unavailable packages
Proposed Package Archiving Policy for the opam Repository
QCheck 0.23
OCaml's Code of Conduct team - rotation of one team member
qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
Old CWN


Opam repository archival, Phase 1: unavailable packages
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce below the list of opam packages that
  will move to the opam-repository-archive on January 1st 2025. In total
  there are 4170 opam files scheduled for being moved within 561 unique
  packages. This decreases the size of the opam-repository by roughly
  12.7%.

  This list contains all packages (a) marked as "available: false"
  (which may have various reasons: security issue, source unavailable, =E2=
=80=A6
  - best to look into the "git log" for the specific package for the
  reason), and (b) packages which cannot be installed due to missing
  dependencies (with the packages mentioned in (a) being removed).

  The second list of packages (b) has been automatically generated by
  the [archive-opam] utility - developed purely for the opam-repository
  archival project, and this utility may have bugs.

  So, if you find a package in the list and you'd like to retain it in
  the opam-repository, there are some options:

  =E2=80=A2 (a) you can install it on your system (opam install ): this
    means there's a bug in the archive-opam utility, please provide the
    package name and version in the [opam-repository-archive Phase 1
    PR], together with your opam version, OCaml version, and operating
    system;
  =E2=80=A2 (b) it is not installable: please figure out the reasoning (the
    "Reasoning" may help you to find the root issue), and try to fix it
    yourself - if you're unable to fix the root cause, please also
    comment in the [opam-repository-archive Phase 1 PR] with the package
    name and version.

  If you've any questions, please don't hesitate to ask here or on
  GitHub or via another communication channel.

  You can help further on the archiving process:
  =E2=80=A2 as mentioned in the [last announcement] please add the
    [`x-maintenance-intent'] to your packages (a good choice for a lot
    of packages is `x-maintenance-intent: [("latest")]' if you're
    maintaining the latest version only) - this will be considered in
    Phase 3 (March 1st 2025);
  =E2=80=A2 if you are the author or maintainer of a package that is no lon=
ger
    useful or maintained, you can as well mark your opam files in the
    opam-repository with `flags: deprecated' (this will be taken into
    account in Phase 3 - March 1st 2025);
  =E2=80=A2 if you flagged your preliminary releases with `flags:
    avoid-version', and they can now be removed (e.g. since a stable
    version has been released), please open a pull request to replace
    the `avoid-version' with `deprecated'.

  Please note that the next Phase will be announced on January 15th with
  all packages that are only installable with OCaml < 4.08 - archiving
  is scheduled for February 1st.

  To keep track of the announcements, please look at the
  [opam-repository] tag.

  You can reproduce these lists by running `opam-archive --unavailable
  --dry-run --later-installable --pkg-all' using opam-archive at
  666a3b3886acfbcf82a7d73134247ccaa605510a and opam-repository at
  de786e28dbea73843ad5e5f0290a4e81fba39370.

  A big thanks to the [OCaml Software Foundation] for funding the
  opam-repository archival project.


[archive-opam] 

[opam-repository-archive Phase 1 PR]


[last announcement]


[`x-maintenance-intent']


[opam-repository] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 

Packages scheduled for archiving (pkg-name: pkg-version[, pkg-version]*)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  /editor note/ Please find this long list in the post itself:
  


Proposed Package Archiving Policy for the opam Repository
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hey,

  just a quick update on the proposed roadmap. The changes are we don't
  do `avoid-version' / `deprecated' flag cleanups in Phase 1. Instead,
  we plan to remove packages with `deprecated' flag in Phase 3. Packages
  with flag `avoid-version' will stay in opam-repository, but we reach
  out to maintainers and authors whether their intention is to mark
  these packages as deprecated (e.g. for alpha / beta releases and
  release candidates).

  Please find the updated roadmap below:

  =E2=80=A2 December 1st 2024: announcement of this proposal
  =E2=80=A2 December 15th 2024: announcement of the packages affected by Ph=
ase 1
    (uninstallable packages (=E2=80=9Cavailable: false=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Co=
pam admin check
    =E2=80=93installability -i=E2=80=9D)
  =E2=80=A2 January 1st 2025: Phase 1 cutting point: packages are moved to
    opam-repository-archive
  =E2=80=A2 January 15th 2025: announcement of the packages affected by Pha=
se 2
    (OCaml lower bound 4.08)
  =E2=80=A2 February 1st 2025: Phase 2 cutting point: packages are moved to
    opam-repository-archive
  =E2=80=A2 February 15th 2025: initial spring cleaning, announcement of
    packages (based on maintenance-intent), and `flags: deprecated'
  =E2=80=A2 March 1st 2025: spring cleaning cutting point: packages are mov=
ed to
    opam-repository-archive
  =E2=80=A2 Every quarter: repeat Phase 3
  =E2=80=A2 Every year: reconsider Phase 2 with an increased OCaml lower bo=
und


QCheck 0.23
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jan Midtgaard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce the 0.23 release of `qcheck-core', `qcheck',
  `qcheck-alcotest', and `qcheck-ounit', along with a 0.5 release of
  `ppx_deriving_qcheck' :tada:

  The biggest user-visible change is the addition of a [qcheck-core
  overview documentation page] as well as clean-ups to the two module
  pages to provide a better overview of the different available
  features:
  =E2=80=A2 [QCheck]
  =E2=80=A2 [QCheck2]

  In more detail the 0.23 release has made the following changes:
  =E2=80=A2 Quote and escape in `Print.string' and `Print.char' in the `QCh=
eck'
    module, mirroring the `QCheck2.Print' module's behaviour. Also quote
    and escape `Print.bytes' in both `QCheck' and `QCheck2'.
  =E2=80=A2 Clean-up `QCheck' and `QCheck2' documentation pages
  =E2=80=A2 Add `exponential' generator to `QCheck', `QCheck.Gen', and
    `QCheck2.Gen'
  =E2=80=A2 Add `Shrink.bool' and use it in `QCheck.bool'
  =E2=80=A2 Remove unread `fun_gen' field from `QCheck2''s `fun_repr_tbl' t=
ype
    thereby silencing a compiler warning

  The `ppx_deriving_qcheck' 0.5 release contains a fix to derive
  generators for mutually recursive data types involving records, thanks
  to a contribution from @Kakadu

  Happy testing! :smiley:


[qcheck-core overview documentation page]


[QCheck]


[QCheck2]



OCaml's Code of Conduct team - rotation of one team member
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sonja Heinze announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A bit over two years ago, the OCaml community wrote and adopted a
  [code of conduct] and put together a code of conduct team. The code of
  conduct team is there for anyone in the community whenever they have
  concerns about behavior that falls within the scope of the code of
  conduct. It's currently made up of @c-cube, @Khady, @mseri, @rjbou
  myself.

  When putting together the code of conduct team, we mentioned that we'd
  rotate the team from time to time to keep it dynamic. We're now
  rotating one team member: I'm leaving the team and @shonfeder is
  joining. Thanks a lot, @shonfeder, for taking on this responsibility!

  Let's also use this opportunity to explain how the Code of Conduct
  team operates: We generally do not step in on our own initiative, but
  only when asked. That's to avoid having five community members acting
  as a kind of "overarching community police". That said, we will step
  in without being asked in extreme cases, but this has not happened so
  far. We do moderate and/or act when people reach out to us. That does
  happen from time to time.

  By the way, you can adopt the Code of Conduct yourself on your OCaml
  GitHub/GitLab repos by creating a `CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md`, containing the
  [CODE_OF_CONDUCT_TEMPLATE] - full instructions [here]. So far, it is
  already adopted on this discuss forum, the caml-list@inria.fr mailing
  list, the OCaml IRC, [OCaml discord], physical events like OCaml
  Workshop, and [these repositories]. Absolutely everyone is welcome to
  adopt it on their OCaml repository as well. Adopting it doesn't have a
  practical effect in a big majority of cases, but it always makes
  contributors, particularly newcomers, feel more welcome.

  Have a nice weekend everyone!  Best, @pitag on behalf of the whole
  Code of Conduct team


[code of conduct]


[CODE_OF_CONDUCT_TEMPLATE]


[here]


[OCaml discord] 

[these repositories]



qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jan Midtgaard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I just rolled a 0.5 release of `qcheck-lin', `qcheck-stm', and
  `qcheck-multicoretests-util':
  

  The biggest news in the 0.5 release is the addition of
  `Util.Pp.pp_fun_' for printing function values generated with
  QCheck.To ensure quoted and escaped output for chars and strings, this
  required bumping the `qcheck-core' lower bound to the freshly released
  `qcheck-core.0.23'. This in turn, enabled a couple of other clean-ups:

  =E2=80=A2 #492: Also use the new, upstreamed `Gen.exponential' combinator=
 in
     STM
  =E2=80=A2 #491: Require `qcheck.0.23', simplify show functions by utilizi=
ng
     it, and update expect outputs accordingly
  =E2=80=A2 #486: Add `Util.Pp.pp_fun_' printer for generated `QCheck.fun_'
     functions

  Happy testing and happy holidays! :smiley: :christmas_tree:


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 10 to 17, 20=
24.

    



    

    Opam repository archival, Phase 1: unavailable packages
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-reposi=
tory-archival-phase-1-unavailable-packages/15797/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce below the list of opam packages that will mov=
e to the opam-repository-archive on January 1st 2025. In total there are 41=
70 opam files scheduled for being moved within 561 unique packages. This de=
creases the size of the opam-repository by roughly 12.7%.

    


    
This list contains all packages (a) marked as "available: false" (which may=
 have various reasons: security issue, source unavailable, … - best =
to look into the "git log" for the specific package for the reason), and (b=
) packages which cannot be installed due to missing dependencies (with the =
packages mentioned in (a) being removed).

    


    
The second list of packages (b) has been automatically generated by the archive-opam utility -=
 developed purely for the opam-repository archival project, and this utilit=
y may have bugs.

    


    
So, if you find a package in the list and you'd like to retain it in the op=
am-repository, there are some options:

    


      

    • (a) you can install it on your system (opam install <pkg>): this =
means there's a bug in the archive-opam utility, please provide the package=
 name and version in the opam-repository-archive Phase 1 PR, together with you=
r opam version, OCaml version, and operating system;
      • 

    • (b) it is not installable: please figure out the reasoning (the "Reason=
ing" may help you to find the root issue), and try to fix it yourself - if =
you're unable to fix the root cause, please also comment in the opam-repository-ar=
chive Phase 1 PR with the package name and version.
      • 

    


    
If you've any questions, please don't hesitate to ask here or on GitHub or =
via another communication channel.

    


    
You can help further on the archiving process:

    

      

    • as mentioned in the last announcement please add the x-maintenance-intent=
 to your packages (a good choice for a lot of packages is =
x-maintenance-intent: [("latest")] if you're maintaining the latest =
version only) - this will be considered in Phase 3 (March 1st 2025);
      • 

    • if you are the author or maintainer of a package that is no longer usef=
ul or maintained, you can as well mark your opam files in the opam-reposito=
ry with flags: deprecated (this will be taken into account in =
Phase 3 - March 1st 2025);
      • 

    • if you flagged your preliminary releases with flags: avoid-versio=
n, and they can now be removed (e.g. since a stable version has been=
 released), please open a pull request to replace the avoid-version with deprecated.
      • 

    


    
Please note that the next Phase will be announced on January 15th with all =
packages that are only installable with OCaml < 4.08 - archiving is sche=
duled for February 1st.

    


    
To keep track of the announcements, please look at the opam-repository tag.

    


    
You can reproduce these lists by running opam-archive --unavailable -=
-dry-run --later-installable --pkg-all using opam-archive at 666a3b3=
886acfbcf82a7d73134247ccaa605510a and opam-repository at de786e28dbea73843a=
d5e5f0290a4e81fba39370.

    


    
A big thanks to the OCaml Software Foundat=
ion for funding the opam-repository archival project.

    

    

    

    Packages scheduled for archiving (pkg-name: pkg-versi=
on[, pkg-version]*)
    

    

    
editor note Please find this long list in the post itself: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repository-archival-phas=
e-1-unavailable-packages/15797

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Proposed Package Archiving Policy for the opam Repository
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/propose=
d-package-archiving-policy-for-the-opam-repository/15713/6

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Hey,

    


    
just a quick update on the proposed roadmap. The changes are we don't do avoid-version / deprecated flag cleanups in Phase 1=
. Instead, we plan to remove packages with deprecated flag in =
Phase 3. Packages with flag avoid-version will stay in opam-re=
pository, but we reach out to maintainers and authors whether their intenti=
on is to mark these packages as deprecated (e.g. for alpha / beta releases =
and release candidates).

    


    
Please find the updated roadmap below:

    


      

    • December 1st 2024: announcement of this proposal
      • 

    • December 15th 2024: announcement of the packages affected by Phase 1 (u=
ninstallable packages (=E2=80=9Cavailable: false=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Copam ad=
min check –installability -i=E2=80=9D)
      • 

    • January 1st 2025: Phase 1 cutting point: packages are moved to opam-rep=
ository-archive
      • 

    • January 15th 2025: announcement of the packages affected by Phase 2 (OC=
aml lower bound 4.08)
      • 

    • February 1st 2025: Phase 2 cutting point: packages are moved to opam-re=
pository-archive
      • 

    • February 15th 2025: initial spring cleaning, announcement of packages (=
based on maintenance-intent), and flags: deprecated
      • 

    • March 1st 2025: spring cleaning cutting point: packages are moved to op=
am-repository-archive
      • 

    • Every quarter: repeat Phase 3
      • 

    • Every year: reconsider Phase 2 with an increased OCaml lower bound
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    QCheck 0.23
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-23/15790/1

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the 0.23 release of qcheck-core, q=
check, qcheck-alcotest, and qcheck-ounit, =
along with a 0.5 release of ppx_deriving_qcheck :tada:=20

    


    
The biggest user-visible change is the addition of a qcheck-core overview docu=
mentation page as well as clean-ups to the two module pages to provide =
a better overview of the different available features:

    



    
In more detail the 0.23 release has made the following changes:

    

      

    • Quote and escape in Print.string and Print.char in the QCheck module, mirroring the QCheck2.Print module's behaviour. Also quote and escape Print.bytes in b=
oth QCheck and QCheck2.
      • 

    • Clean-up QCheck and QCheck2 documentation pag=
es
      • 

    • Add exponential generator to QCheck, QC=
heck.Gen, and QCheck2.Gen
      • 

    • Add Shrink.bool and use it in QCheck.bool
      • 

    • Remove unread fun_gen field from QCheck2's fun_repr_tbl type thereby silencing a compiler warning
      • 

    


    
The ppx_deriving_qcheck 0.5 release contains a fix to derive g=
enerators for mutually recursive data types involving records, thanks to a =
contribution from @Kakadu=20

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml's Code of Conduct team - rotation of one team member
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocamls-co=
de-of-conduct-team-rotation-of-one-team-member/15791/1

    

    

    

    Sonja Heinze announced
    

    

    
A bit over two years ago, the OCaml community wrote and adopted a =
code of conduct and put together a code of conduct team. The code of co=
nduct team is there for anyone in the community whenever they have concerns=
 about behavior that falls within the scope of the code of conduct. It's cu=
rrently made up of @c-cube, @Khady, @mseri, @rjbou myself.

    


    
When putting together the code of conduct team, we mentioned that we'd rota=
te the team from time to time to keep it dynamic. We're now rotating one te=
am member: I'm leaving the team and @shonfeder is joining. Thanks a lot, @s=
honfeder, for taking on this responsibility!

    


    
Let's also use this opportunity to explain how the Code of Conduct team ope=
rates: We generally do not step in on our own initiative, but only when ask=
ed. That's to avoid having five community members acting as a kind of "over=
arching community police". That said, we will step in without being asked i=
n extreme cases, but this has not happened so far. We do moderate and/or ac=
t when people reach out to us. That does happen from time to time.

    


    
By the way, you can adopt the Code of Conduct yourself on your OCaml GitHub=
/GitLab repos by creating a `CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md`, containing the CODE_OF_CONDUCT_TEMPLATE - full instructions here. So far, it is already adopted on this discuss forum, the=
 caml-list@inria.fr mailing list, the OCaml IRC, OCaml discord, physical events like OCaml Workshop=
, and these repositories. Absolutely everyone is welcome to ado=
pt it on their OCaml repository as well. Adopting it doesn't have a practic=
al effect in a big majority of cases, but it always makes contributors, par=
ticularly newcomers, feel more welcome.

    


    
Have a nice weekend everyone!
Best,
@pitag on behalf of the whole Code of Conduct team

    

    

    

    

    

    qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-lin-and-qcheck-stm-0=
-2/12301/4

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
I just rolled a 0.5 release of qcheck-lin, qcheck-stm, and qcheck-multicoretests-util: https://github.com/o=
caml-multicore/multicoretests/releases/tag/0.5

    


    
The biggest news in the 0.5 release is the addition of Util.Pp.pp_fun=
_ for printing function values generated with QCheck.To ensure quote=
d and escaped output for chars and strings, this required bumping the qcheck-core lower bound to the freshly released qcheck-core.0=
.23. This in turn, enabled a couple of other clean-ups:

    


      

    • #492: Also use the new, upstreamed Gen.exponential combina=
tor in STM
      • 

    • #491: Require qcheck.0.23, simplify show functions by util=
izing it, and update expect outputs accordingly
      • 

    • #486: Add Util.Pp.pp_fun_ printer for generated QChe=
ck.fun_ functions
      • 

    


    
Happy testing and happy holidays! :smiley: :christmas_tree:

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 17 to 24,
2024.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

dream-html and pure-html
Dune 3.17
First release candidate of OCaml 5.3.0
Pragmatic Category Theory | Part 3: Associativity
ocaml-stk, xtmpl, stog, ocaml-css, ocaml-ldp, higlo and chamo
MirageOS on OCaml 5
Dune dev meeting
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


dream-html and pure-html
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Yawar Amin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [ANN] dream-html 3.8.0

  Happy to announce some added power to the form decoding
  functionality. Three main things:

  1. Added [Dream_html.form] and [query] helper functions to wrap
     extracting the data directly from the Dream request and decoding it
     correspondingly from the body or query.
  2. Added the (monadic) chaining operator [Dream_html.Form.( let* )]
     and [ok] and [error] helpers to allow sophisticated sequential
     decoding where decoding of some fields depend on others.
  3. Added optional parameters to constrain [typed decoding] of values
     eg `int ~min:0' will succeed the decode if the value is an integer
     _and_ at least 0. Also added [unix_tm] type decoder to decode
     timestamps into `Unix.tm' structs (not timezone-aware).

  The last [example] on the page shows a fairly sophisticated form
  decoder which requires an `id' field and _one or more of_ the fields
  `days', `weeks', `months', and `years', and fails if at least one is
  not provided.

  Enjoy :slight_smile:


[Dream_html.form]


[query]


[Dream_html.Form.( let* )]


[ok]


[error]


[typed decoding]


[unix_tm]


[example]



Dune 3.17
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Dune team is happy to announce the release of Dune `3.17.1'!
  :camel:

  This patch release includes some bug fixes. To reduce computing time,
  it does not build `.cmxs' files anymore when the `(no_dynlink)' stanza
  is used. This change also corrects the semantic of the `(no_dynlink)'
  stanza which was building `.cmxs' files even if it did not install
  them. Now, it does not build nor install them.

  If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the
  [ocaml/dune] repository.


[ocaml/dune] 

Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 When a library declares `(no_dynlink)', then the `.cmxs' file f=
or it
    is no longer built. (#11176, @nojb)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix bug that could result in corrupted file copies by Dune, for
    example when using the `copy_files#' stanza or the `copy#'
    action. (@nojb, #11194, fixes #11193)
  =E2=80=A2 Remove useless error message when running `$ dune subst' in emp=
ty
    projects.  (@rgrinberg, #11204, fixes #11200)


First release candidate of OCaml 5.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release of OCaml 5.3.0 is imminent.

  As a final step, we are publishing a release candidate to check that
  everything is in order before the release in the upcoming week(s).

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  Compared to the second beta, this release candidate contains a
  regression fix in the type system (some type expressions were not
  generalized when they ought to be), one fix for the new check for
  dependency order at link time, and a manual update.

  The full change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available [on GitHub]. A short
  summary of the changes since the second beta release is also available
  below.


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[on GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0~rc1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the release candidate is also directly available
  on:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml archives at Inria]


[GitHub] 

[OCaml archives at Inria]


=E2=97=8A Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.3.0~rc1+optio=
ns 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  where `' is a space-separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a `flambda' and `no-flat-float-array'
  switch:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0~rc1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.3.0~=
rc1+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Changes since the second beta
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Type system

  =E2=80=A2 [#13690]: some type expressions were incorrectly not generalized
    (because they were assigned to the wrong level pool)


  [#13690] 


=E2=97=8A Documentation

  =E2=80=A2 [#13666]: Rewrite parts of the example code around nested lists=
 in
    Chapter 6 (Polymorphism and its limitations -> Polymorphic
    recursion) giving the "depth" function [in the
    non-polymorphically-recursive part of the example] a much more
    sensible behavior; also fix a typo and some formatting.  (Frank
    Steffahn, review by Florian Angeletti)


  [#13666] 


=E2=97=8A Compiler user-interface and warnings:

  =E2=80=A2 [#12084], +[#13669], +[#13673]: Check link order when creating
    archive and when using ocamlopt.


  [#12084] 

  [#13669] 

  [#13673] 


Pragmatic Category Theory | Part 3: Associativity
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone! :wave:

  I've finished writing the third part of my *Pragmatic Category Theory*
  series (some code examples are in OCaml):

  =E2=80=A2 [Part 3: Associativity]

  Previous discussion:

  =E2=80=A2 

  P.S. I would've edited the previous topic instead of creating a new
  one but looks like I haven't touched it for a while, so I can't edit
  the title and the body anymore.


[Part 3: Associativity]



ocaml-stk, xtmpl, stog, ocaml-css, ocaml-ldp, higlo and chamo
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Zoggy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I made new releases for some libraries and tools. All are available in
  opam.


[OCaml-stk] 0.4.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  OCaml-stk is a library to build graphical user interfaces, based on
  SDL2. This release includes two new widgets:

  =E2=80=A2 a [layers] widget, allowing to display widgets in=E2=80=A6 laye=
rs,
  =E2=80=A2 a xmlview widget (in [stk_xml] package), allowing to display XML
    (and so XHTML) documents, handling CSS for styling and layout. The
    programmer can customize which widgets are created for each XML
    node, and add event handlers on each node. See the "xmlview" example
    included in sources.

  This new release also comes with an [inspection window] for easier
  debugging.

  Complete list of changes is [here].


[OCaml-stk] 

[layers]


[stk_xml] 

[inspection window] 

[here] 


[Xtmpl] 1.0.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Xtmpl is a library to build, read and parse XML document. It provides
  a [rewriting engine] and [templating facilities]. This new release
  includes a big refactoring, using functors. This creates some
  incompatibilities with prior versions. See [here] for changes.


[Xtmpl] 

[rewriting engine]


[templating facilities] 

[here] 


[Stog] 1.1.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Stog is a static web site compiler. It is able to handle blog posts as
  well as regular pages or any XML document in general. This release
  upgrades to Xtmpl 1.1.0 and includes small fixes (see [here] for
  details).


[Stog] 

[here] 


[OCaml-css] 0.3.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  OCaml-css is an OCaml library to parse and print CSS. It can also
  expand namespaces and perform computations on property values. Parser
  can be extended by defining additional properties.

  This release includes various parsing fixes and adds new CSS
  properties: `border-collapse', `border-spacing', and `opacity'. The
  complete list of changes is [here].


[OCaml-css] 

[here] 


[OCaml-ldp] 0.4.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  This is a library to build [LDP] (Linked Data Platform) and [SOLID]
  applications, runnable either in standalone program (using packages
  `ldp_tls' or `ldp_curl') or in the browser (using package `ldp_js'
  with js_of_ocaml).

  This release includes only one fix in [`Ldp.Http'] module: when
  following redirection, resolve IRI in Location field of response
  against original IRI.


[OCaml-ldp] 

[LDP] 

[SOLID] 

[`Ldp.Http']



[Higlo] 0.10.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Higlo is an OCaml library for syntax highlighting. This release adds a
  simple commonmark lexer.


[Higlo] 


[Chamo] 4.2.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Chamo is a source code editor, even if it can be used to edit any text
  file. A system of "views" allows to edit some kinds of files in
  specific views. It's like an Emacs where Lisp is replaced by OCaml, as
  it can be extended and customized in OCaml.

  This release is just an upgrade to Stk 0.4.0 and Xtmpl 1.0.0.


[Chamo] 


MirageOS on OCaml 5
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


shym announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of all the numerous developers involved, it=E2=80=99s my pleasu=
re to
  announce that the MirageOS ecosystem has seen the long-running work to
  port to OCaml 5 come to fruition: `ocaml-solo5' v1.0 is now using
  OCaml 5.2.1!


What is `ocaml-solo5'
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `ocaml-solo5' is an OCaml cross compiler for producing Solo5
  unikernels. Solo5 is the basis for MirageOS unikernels when they are
  not compiled as programs to run on a regular OS.

  `ocaml-solo5' responds to specific unikernel constraints. In
  particular it provides a placeholder for the standard C library that
  is complete enough that we can build the OCaml runtime without a full
  POSIX system to support it. That OCaml runtime can then be linked
  statically to OCaml programs in order to produce unikernels.

  These constraints require us to keep track of developments of the
  OCaml compiler and particularly of its runtime. The major changes
  coming with OCaml 5 have required quite a lot of work (over 1 year) to
  bring our cross compiler up-to-date.

  It should be noted that `ocaml-solo5' is restricted to a single domain
  but it makes it possible to use the effects introduced with OCaml 5.


MirageOS & OCaml 5
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  The long road to bring Mirage on OCaml 5 started with adding support
  for Thread-Local Storage (TLS) in Solo5. Even if Solo5 doesn=E2=80=99t su=
pport
  the creation of threads, the OCaml 5 runtime stores domain-specific
  data, including for the first domain, in TLS. The main work was done
  in [solo5#546] and [solo5#542] with fixes in [solo5#551] and
  [solo5#554]. It was released with [Solo5 v0.8.0].

  This foundational work on Solo5 unblocked the port of the compiler
  _per se_. As the OCaml runtime changed substantially between OCaml 4.x
  and 5.x, this required many changes in the minimal library, called
  `nolibc', that provides simple implementations and stubs for the part
  of the libc interface the runtime uses. In particular, the memory
  management of the runtime is very different from OCaml 4.x (which is
  natural, due to the multicore support): it uses the `mmap~/~munmap'
  functions instead of `malloc~/~free'. `mmap' is a very versatile
  interface, tightly tied to the virtual memory. Providing adequate
  (correct but still simple) implementations of `mmap~/~munmap' in the
  context of Solo5, _i.e._ without virtualisation of the memory,
  required a careful review of how the interface is actually used in the
  runtime.

  Besides that work on `nolibc', building an OCaml compiler targeting
  Solo5 also requires a few patches to the compiler build system. As
  much work has been happening upstream to fix issues in building a
  cross compiler, this was taken as an opportunity to write clean
  patches in order to contribute them upstream and simplify the future
  of OCaml/Solo5 (along with other cross-compiler projects).

  All this work has been combined in [ocaml-solo5#134], which built on
  and completed [ocaml-solo5#122], [ocaml-solo5#124] and
  [ocaml-solo5#129]. It was released in [ocaml-solo5 v1.0.0].

  Now we are eager to learn how it behaves in your applications! Note in
  particular that, as already mentioned, the garbage collector is
  completely different from the one in OCaml 4. For example, the [Mirage
  website] currently runs the two versions, one on OCaml 4 and one on
  OCaml 5 with traffic being alternatively routed to one or the other,
  to monitor their behaviours. First experiments show that we must tweak
  the `space_overhead' parameter to have the OCaml 5 unikernel use the
  same amount of memory than the OCaml 4 one, at the price of some
  compute time. This generally means that you might have to experiment a
  bit if you run within very constrained memory limits.


[solo5#546] 

[solo5#542] 

[solo5#551] 

[solo5#554] 

[Solo5 v0.8.0]


[ocaml-solo5#134] 

[ocaml-solo5#122] 

[ocaml-solo5#124] 

[ocaml-solo5#129] 

[ocaml-solo5 v1.0.0]


[Mirage website] 


How to give it a spin
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  To try the new OCaml 5, first create an OPAM switch [with OCaml
  5.2.1]. Then, follow the standard procedure (see how to [install it]
  and how to [build an hello-world unikernel]). After installing
  `ocaml-solo5', you can check with `opam list ocaml-solo5' that it
  installed the version `1.x' of the package.


[with OCaml 5.2.1]


[install it] 

[build an hello-world unikernel] 


People involved
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Many people got involved at some point or another, either with code or
  comments, to that community effort (hopefully not forgetting anyone,
  in `sort' order):

  =E2=80=A2 Adam Steen
  =E2=80=A2 Adrian-Ken Rueegsegger
  =E2=80=A2 Christiano Haesbaert
  =E2=80=A2 Fabrice Buoro
  =E2=80=A2 Hannes Mehnert
  =E2=80=A2 Kate
  =E2=80=A2 Pierre Alain
  =E2=80=A2 Romain Calascibetta
  =E2=80=A2 Samuel Hym
  =E2=80=A2 S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer


Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi camelers! :camel: The next Dune meeting is supposed to be on
  Wednesday, December, 25th, but since it is Christmas Day (a bank
  holiday for various countries), the meeting is cancelled. Next one
  will be on the January, 8th, 2025 :fireworks:


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Pragmatic Category Theory | Part 3: Associativity]
  =E2=80=A2 [Learn OCaml the Easy Way - Including the Hard Bits]
  =E2=80=A2 [MetAcsl v0.8 for Frama-C 30.0 Zinc]
  =E2=80=A2 [Saturn 1.0: Data structures for OCaml Multicore]
  =E2=80=A2 [Frama-Clang v0.0.17 for Frama-C 30.0~ Zinc]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Pragmatic Category Theory | Part 3: Associativity]


[Learn OCaml the Easy Way - Including the Hard Bits]


[MetAcsl v0.8 for Frama-C 30.0 Zinc]


[Saturn 1.0: Data structures for OCaml Multicore]


[Frama-Clang v0.0.17 for Frama-C 30.0~ Zinc]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 17 to 24, 20=
24.

    



    

    dream-html and pure-html
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-5-2/148=
08/6

    

    

    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
[ANN] dream-html 3.8.0

    


    
Happy to announce some added power to the form decoding functionality. Thre=
e main things:

    


      

    1. Added Dream_html.form and query helper functio=
ns to wrap extracting the data directly from the Dream request and decoding=
 it correspondingly from the body or query.
      2. 

    2. Added the (monadic) chaining operator Dream_html=
.Form.( let* ) and ok and error helpers to allow sophisticated sequential decoding where deco=
ding of some fields depend on others.
      3. 

    3. Added optional parameters to constrain and at l=
east 0. Also added unix_tm type decoder to de=
code timestamps into Unix.tm structs (not timezone-aware).
      4. 

    


    
The last example on the page shows a fairly soph=
isticated form decoder which requires an id field and one or more of the fields days, weeks, months, and years, and fails if at=
 least one is not provided.

    


    
Enjoy :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.17
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-17/15770/4

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is happy to announce the release of Dune 3.17.1!=
 :camel:=20

    


    
This patch release includes some bug fixes. To reduce computing time, it do=
es
not build .cmxs files anymore when the (no_dynlink) stanza is used. This change also corrects the semantic of the (no_=
dynlink) stanza which was
building .cmxs files even if it did not install them. Now, it =
does not build nor install them.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • When a library declares (no_dynlink), then the .cmxs=
 file for it
is no longer built. (#11176, @nojb)
        • 

      • Fix bug that could result in corrupted file copies by Dune, for example=
 when
using the copy_files# stanza or the copy# action.=
 (@nojb, #11194, fixes
#11193)
        • 

      • Remove useless error message when running $ dune subst in =
empty projects.
(@rgrinberg, #11204, fixes #11200)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    First release candidate of OCaml 5.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-release-candidate-of=
-ocaml-5-3-0/15815/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The release of OCaml 5.3.0 is imminent.

    


    
As a final step, we are publishing a release candidate to check that everyt=
hing is in order before the release in the upcoming week(s).

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
Compared to the second beta, this release candidate contains a regression f=
ix in the type system (some type expressions were not generalized when they=
 ought to be), one fix for the new check for dependency order at link time,=
 and a manual update.

    


    
The full change log for OCaml 5.3.0 is available on GitHub. A short summary of the cha=
nges since the second beta release is also available below.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands on opam 2.1 and later:

    

    opam update
opam switch create 5.3.0~rc1

    


    
The source code for the release candidate is also directly available on:

    



    

      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      

      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.3.0~rc1+options <=
;option_list>

      

      
where <option_list> is a space-separated list of o=
caml-option-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and=
 no-flat-float-array switch:

      

      opam switch create 5.3.0~rc1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.3.0~rc1+options =
ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      


      
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Changes since the second beta
    

    

    

      

    • Type system
      

      

        

      • #13690: som=
e type expressions were incorrectly not generalized (because they
were assigned to the wrong level pool)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Documentation
      

      

        

      • #13666: Rew=
rite parts of the example code around nested lists in Chapter 6
(Polymorphism and its limitations -> Polymorphic recursion) giving the
"depth" function [in the non-polymorphically-recursive part of the example]
a much more sensible behavior; also fix a typo and some formatting.
(Frank Steffahn, review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Compiler user-interface and warnings:
      

      

        

      • #12084, +#13669, +#13673: Check link ord=
er when creating archive and when using
ocamlopt.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Pragmatic Category Theory | Part 3: Associativity
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/pragmatic-category=
-theory-part-3-associativity/15819/1

    

    

    

    Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! :wave:=20

    


    
I've finished writing the third part of my Pragmatic Category Theory=
 series (some code examples are in OCaml):

    




    
Previous discussion:

    




    
P.S. I would've edited the previous topic instead of creating a new one but=
 looks like I haven't touched it for a while, so I can't edit the title and=
 the body anymore.

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-stk, xtmpl, stog, ocaml-css, ocaml-ldp, higlo and chamo<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
ocaml-stk-xtmpl-stog-ocaml-css-ocaml-ldp-higlo-and-chamo/15820/1

    

    

    

    Zoggy announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I made new releases for some libraries and tools. All are available in opam.

    

    

    

    OCaml-s=
tk 0.4.0
    

    

    
OCaml-stk is a library to build graphical user interfaces, based on SDL2. T=
his release includes two new widgets:

    


      

    • a layers widget, allowing to display widgets in=
026; layers,
      • 

    • a xmlview widget (in stk_xml package), allowing to display XML (and so =
XHTML) documents, handling CSS for styling and layout. The programmer can c=
ustomize which widgets are created for each XML node, and add event handler=
s on each node. See the "xmlview" example included in sources.
      • 

    


    
This new release also comes with an inspection window for easier debugging.

    


    
Complete list of changes is here.

    

    

    

    

    Xtmpl 1.0.0
    

    

    
Xtmpl is a library to build, read and parse XML document. It provides a rewriting engine and templating facilities. This new release includes a big refactori=
ng, using functors. This creates some incompatibilities with prior versions=
. See =
here for changes.

    

    

    

    

    Stog 1.1.0=

    

    

    
Stog is a static web site compiler. It is able to handle blog posts as well=
 as regular pages or any XML document in general. This release upgrades to =
Xtmpl 1.1.0 and includes small fixes (see here for details).

    

    

    

    

    OCaml-c=
ss 0.3.0
    

    

    
OCaml-css is an OCaml library to parse and print CSS. It can also expand na=
mespaces and perform computations on property values. Parser can be extende=
d by defining additional properties.

    


    
This release includes various parsing fixes and adds new CSS properties: border-collapse, border-spacing, and opacity<=
/code>. The complete list of changes is here.

    

    

    

    

    OCaml-l=
dp 0.4.0
    

    

    
This is a library to build LDP (L=
inked Data Platform) and SOLID ap=
plications, runnable either in standalone program (using packages ldp=
_tls or ldp_curl) or in the browser (using package ldp_js with js_of_ocaml).=20

    


    
This release includes only one fix in Ldp.Http module: when following redirection, resolve IRI in Location field of=
 response against original IRI.

    

    

    

    

    Higlo 0=
.10.0
    

    

    
Higlo is an OCaml library for syntax highlighting. This release adds a simp=
le commonmark lexer.

    

    

    

    

    Chamo 4=
.2.0
    

    

    
Chamo is a source code editor, even if it can be used to edit any text file=
. A system of "views" allows to edit some kinds of files in specific views.=
 It's like an Emacs where Lisp is replaced by OCaml, as it can be extended =
and customized in OCaml.

    


    
This release is just an upgrade to Stk 0.4.0 and Xtmpl 1.0.0.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    MirageOS on OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mirageos-on-ocaml-5/15822/1

    

    

    

    shym announced
    

    

    
On behalf of all the numerous developers involved, it=E2=80=99s my pleasure=
 to announce that the MirageOS ecosystem has seen the long-running work to =
port to OCaml 5 come to fruition: ocaml-solo5 v1.0 is now usin=
g OCaml 5.2.1!

    

    

    

    What is ocaml-solo5
    

    

    
ocaml-solo5 is an OCaml cross compiler for producing Solo5 uni=
kernels. Solo5 is the basis for MirageOS unikernels when they are not compi=
led as programs to run on a regular OS.

    


    
ocaml-solo5 responds to specific unikernel constraints. In par=
ticular it provides a placeholder for the standard C library that is comple=
te enough that we can build the OCaml runtime without a full POSIX system t=
o support it. That OCaml runtime can then be linked statically to OCaml pro=
grams in order to produce unikernels.

    


    
These constraints require us to keep track of developments of the OCaml com=
piler and particularly of its runtime. The major changes coming with OCaml =
5 have required quite a lot of work (over 1 year) to bring our cross compil=
er up-to-date.

    


    
It should be noted that ocaml-solo5 is restricted to a single =
domain but it makes it possible to use the effects introduced with OCaml 5.

    

    

    

    

    MirageOS & OCaml 5
    

    

    
The long road to bring Mirage on OCaml 5 started with adding support for Th=
read-Local Storage (TLS) in Solo5. Even if Solo5 doesn=E2=80=99t support th=
e creation of threads, the OCaml 5 runtime stores domain-specific data, inc=
luding for the first domain, in TLS. The main work was done in solo5#546 and solo5#542 with fixes in solo5#551 and solo5#554. It was released with Solo5 v0.8.0.

    


    
This foundational work on Solo5 unblocked the port of the compiler per se. As the OCaml runtime changed substantially=
 between OCaml 4.x and 5.x, this required many changes in the minimal libra=
ry, called nolibc, that provides simple implementations and st=
ubs for the part of the libc interface the runtime uses. In particular, the=
 memory management of the runtime is very different from OCaml 4.x (which i=
s natural, due to the multicore support): it uses the mmap~/~munmap functions instead of malloc~/~free. mmap is=
 a very versatile interface, tightly tied to the virtual memory. Providing =
adequate (correct but still simple) implementations of mmap~/~munmap<=
/code> in the context of Solo5, i.e. witho=
ut virtualisation of the memory, required a careful review of how the inter=
face is actually used in the runtime.=20

    


    
Besides that work on nolibc, building an OCaml compiler target=
ing Solo5 also requires a few patches to the compiler build system. As much=
 work has been happening upstream to fix issues in building a cross compile=
r, this was taken as an opportunity to write clean patches in order to cont=
ribute them upstream and simplify the future of OCaml/Solo5 (along with oth=
er cross-compiler projects).

    


    
All this work has been combined in ocaml-solo5#134, which built on and completed ocaml-solo5#122, <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/mirage/ocaml-solo5/pull/124">ocaml-solo5#124 and ocaml-sol=
o5#129. It was released in ocaml-solo5 v1.0.0.

    


    
Now we are eager to learn how it behaves in your applications! Note in part=
icular that, as already mentioned, the garbage collector is completely diff=
erent from the one in OCaml 4. For example, the Mirage website currently runs the two versions, one on OCaml 4 and =
one on OCaml 5 with traffic being alternatively routed to one or the other,=
 to monitor their behaviours. First experiments show that we must tweak the=
 space_overhead parameter to have the OCaml 5 unikernel use th=
e same amount of memory than the OCaml 4 one, at the price of some compute =
time. This generally means that you might have to experiment a bit if you r=
un within very constrained memory limits.

    

    

    

    

    How to give it a spin
    

    

    
To try the new OCaml 5, first create an OPAM switch with OCaml 5.2.1. Then, fol=
low the standard procedure (see how to install it and how to build an hello-world unikernel). After installing ocaml-solo=
5, you can check with opam list ocaml-solo5 that it ins=
talled the version 1.x of the package.

    

    

    

    

    People involved
    

    

    
Many people got involved at some point or another, either with code or comm=
ents, to that community effort (hopefully not forgetting anyone, in s=
ort order):

    


      

    • Adam Steen
      • 

    • Adrian-Ken Rueegsegger
      • 

    • Christiano Haesbaert
      • 

    • Fabrice Buoro
      • 

    • Hannes Mehnert
      • 

    • Kate
      • 

    • Pierre Alain
      • 

    • Romain Calascibetta
      • 

    • Samuel Hym
      • 

    • S=C3=A9bastien Hinderer
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/19

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi camelers! :camel:
The next Dune meeting is supposed to be on Wednesday, December, 25th, but s=
ince it is Christmas Day (a bank holiday for various countries), the meetin=
g is cancelled. Next one will be on the January, 8th, 2025 :fireworks:

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 31 Dec 2024 09:03:48 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 24 to 31, 20=
24.

    



    

    Using Property-Based Testing to Test OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-using-prop=
erty-based-testing-to-test-ocaml-5/14550/2

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
I've written up part 2 on our effort to utilize property-based testing to s=
tress test the OCaml 5 run time system. Happy Christmas reading! =F0=9F=8E=
=84=F0=9F=8E=85 =F0=9F=8E=81 =F0=9F=98=84

    


    
https://tarides.com/blog/20=
24-12-23-multicore-property-based-tests-for-ocaml-5-challenges-and-lessons-=
learned/

    

    

    

    

    

    First release of elm_playground
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-elm-play=
ground/15838/1

    

    

    

    Yoann Padioleau announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the first release of elm_playground, an OCaml package that allows you to easily create pictures, =
animations, and even video games in a portable way using an API =
that really simplifies how to view the computer and its devices (the screen=
, keyboard, and mouse). The library offers a native backend to run the game=
s from a terminal and a web backend to run the games in your browser.

    


    
This is a port of the excellent Elm playground package
https://github.com/eva=
ncz/elm-playground to OCaml.

    


    
You can install it via OPAM via opam install elm_playground.

    


    
Here are a few examples of code using the library.

    


    
First a "picture" app:

    


    

    (* from ht=
tps://elm-lang.org/examples/picture *)
open Playground

let app =3D
  picture [
    rectangle brown 40. 200.
      |> move_down 80.;
    circle green 100.
      |> move_up 100.;
  ]

let main =3D Playgr=
ound_platform.run_app app

    

    



    

    3D"76=

    

    


    
Then an "animation" app:

    

    

    (* from ht=
tps://elm-lang.org/examples/animation *)
open Playground

let view time =3D [
    octagon darkGray 36.
      |> move_left 100.
      |> rotate (spin 3. time);
    octagon darkGray 36.
      |> move_right 100.
      |> rotate (spin 3. time);
    rectangle red 300. 80.
      |> move_up (wave 50. 54. 2.=
 time)
      |> rotate (zigzag (-. 2.) 2=
. 8. time);
  ]

let app =3D
  animation view

let main =3D Playgr=
ound_platform.run_app app

    

    



    

    3D"e9=

    

    


    
And finally a "game" app:

    

    

    (* from ht=
tps://elm-lang.org/examples/mouse *)
open Playground

let view _computer<=
/span> (x, y) =3D [=20
  square blue 40.
   |> move x y
 ]

let update computer=
 (x, y) =3D
  (x +. to_x computer.keyboard, y +. to_y computer.keyboard)

let app =3D=20
  game view update (0., 0.)

let main =3D Playgr=
ound_platform.run_app app

    

    



    

    3D"24=

    

    


    
Note that you can write more complex games. For example here is a screensho=
t of a toy tetris app:

    



    

    3D"4ded1d55c9994=

    

    


    
For more information, follow the README at https://github.com/aryx/ocaml-elm-playground=20

    


    
And merry christmas!

    

    

    

    

    

    First release of flatunionfind
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-flatunion=
find/15847/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the first release of flatunionfind, a=
 small library that offers a union-find data structure, stored inside a vec=
tor.

    


    
This library is an alternative to my existing library unionFind, and could be faster or slower, depending on your use case.

    


    opam update
opam install flatunionfind

    


    
For more information, see the documentation.

    


    
Happy unions and finds,
FP.

    

    

    

    

    

    Serving This Article from RAM with Dream for Fun and No Real B=
enefit
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/serving-this-article-from-ram-with-dream-for-fun-and-no-real-benefit/15=
856/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Letan announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99ve been playing with my website lately, more precisely on how the=
 contents is delivered to the readers. Before, it was merely a boring, stat=
ic website delivered by Nginx; now it=E2=80=99s a Dream-powered HTTP server=
 with all the pages in-memory.

    


    
I=E2=80=99ve=
 written about this fun, little project, and you may find the article i=
nteresting. It covers several topis: fun experiments with the Dream library=
, HTTP arcane one cannot ignore if they want to implement a browser-friendl=
y server, and even some Docker because why not!

    


    
Happy holidays everyone!

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 31, 2024
to January 07, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Playing with Windows on ARM64
Opam repository archival, Phase 1: unavailable packages
CCL: Categorical Configuration Language
Dune dev meeting
"Cram tests: a hidden gem of dune" and "Snapshot tests for your own ppx"
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Playing with Windows on ARM64
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


David Allsopp announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Following on from the teaser in
  ,
  if you're lucky enough to have an ARM64 Windows machine, it's just
  about possible to get a few opam packages installed and working it!

  You'll need Visual Studio 2022 (Community) with the following
  packages:
  =E2=80=A2 `MSVC v143 - VS 2022 C++ ARM64/ARM64EC build tools (Latest)'
  =E2=80=A2 `MSVC v143 - VS 2022 C++ x64/x86 build tools (Latest)'
  =E2=80=A2 `C++/CLI support for v143 build tools (Latest)'
  =E2=80=A2 `C++ Clang Compiler for Windows (18.1.8)'
  _That's not a typo_: you need Clang _and_ *both* the x64/x86 and ARM64
  MSVC packages

  Install Git for Windows as normal (`winget install Git.Git', etc.) and
  [Cygwin] (adding the `make' and `patch' packages - no compilers or
  libraries needed, it's just to get the shell).

  Clone [my opam fork] and check out branch [windows-on-arm64]. From a
  Cygwin bash terminal, `cd' to that clone and run `make cold'. After a
  little while, that should leave an ARM64 `opam.exe' in the current
  directory which should be copied to a location which you then add to
  `PATH'.

  From Cmd/PowerShell, you can now run:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 PS > opam init --bare
  =E2=94=82 PS > opam switch create --empty windows-on-arm64
  =E2=94=82 PS > opam pin add --yes ocaml-variants git+https://github.com/d=
ra27/ocaml.git#windows-on-arm64
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Dune needs a trivial pin (which I think may be more to do with a
  recent Windows SDK issue, than arm64-specific):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 PS > opam pin add dune git+https://github.com/dra27/dune.git#wi=
ndows-on-arm64
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Unfortunately, it's not quite enough to get opam's dependencies
  installing through opam (`dose3' failed for me, which is odd because
  it works with `make cold' and `topkg' was freezing, although that's
  less surprising). But it's kinda cool how much is working
  straightaway, and it certainly looks like we'll have native Windows
  ARM64 support at some point in the future, therefore!

  Aside from the usual "packages which don't work properly" issue,
  there're two glaring problems:
  1. It should be possible to install the x86 / x64 compilers, but at
     present this doesn't work because the opam compiler packages need
     further tweaking[^1]
  2. Only Clang-pretending-to-be-`cl' is supported at the moment - I
     can't see any reason that Clang-pretending-to-be-`gcc' shouldn't be
     doable, but as we don't presently support that for x64 either (and
     it necessarily needs MSYS2, rather than Cygwin), I haven't
     disappeared down that rabbit hole yet[^2]

  :warning: I have no timeline for upstreaming any of this, but it's all
  publicly pushed and welcome to anyone to extend to a mergeable state!

  [^1]: I'll likely get to that at some point soon, as that unblocks
  general use of OCaml on Windows ARM64 machines, even if not _native_
  ARM64 use. However, it exceeds "fun messing around over Christmas and
  New Year"!

  [^2]: See 1=E2=80=A6


[Cygwin] 

[my opam fork] 

[windows-on-arm64]



Opam repository archival, Phase 1: unavailable packages
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's done. It's done. It's done.

  Happy new year!

  We just merged the removal of the above mentioned uninstallable
  packages from opam-repository. In case you want to get these old opam
  files, please use:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam repository add opam-archive https://github.com/ocaml/opam-=
repository-archive.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Each of the opam files now include the two additional fields: (a) a
  x-reason-for-archival and (b) an
  x-opam-repository-commit-hash-at-time-of-archiving (as described in
  =
).

  We also pushed the tag '2025-01-before-archiving-phase1' to the main
  opam-repository.


Statistics of opam files and unique packages
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=
=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=
=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=
=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=
=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=
=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81
   date (January 1st)  opam files  unique packages=20
  =E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
               phase1       28863             4805=20
                 2025       33033             4973=20
                 2024       29942             4572=20
                 2023       25983             4126=20
                 2022       21418             3647=20
                 2021       16632             3156=20
                 2020       12998             2554=20
                 2019       10236             2192=20
                 2018        8110             1878=20
                 2017        5966             1458=20
                 2016        4308             1086=20
                 2015        3081              823=20
                 2014        1856              593=20
                 2013         485              486=20
  =E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=
=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=
=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=
=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=
=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=
=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81=E2=94=81

  This shows that the amount of opam files are now back to mid-2023,
  while in the unique packages we're in mid-2024.


Next steps
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Next steps and call to action:
  =E2=80=A2 by January 15th we'll have a list of packages that require OCam=
l <
    4.08 (plus those packages that were marked unavailable between
    December 15th and January 15th)
  =E2=80=A2 please mark your packages with [`x-maintenance-intent'] or `fla=
gs:
    deprecated'

  On February 15th we will propose a list of packages that are
  deprecated or do not fall into the `x-maintenance-intent' - but only
  if there's no reverse dependency that requires them: if the package
  "cohttp" is marked with `x-maintenance-intent: "(latest)"', and some
  other package "bar" requires a specific cohttp version ('depends:
  "cohttp" {=3D "1.2.3"}'), the "cohttp.1.2.3" will be kept (to avoid
  making "bar" uninstallable).

  We plan to have tooling ready that allows to spot which packages would
  be beneficial to have a `x-maintenance-intent' or `flags: deprecated'
  (i.e. which ones would allow to archive more packages).

  What is the difference between `flags: deprecated' and
  `x-maintenance-intent'?  Please use `flags: deprecated' if either
  specific versions or an entire package should be archived. Please use
  `x-maintenance-intent' for packages that are actively developed.

  If you have any further questions, please don't hesitate to ask.


[`x-maintenance-intent']



CCL: Categorical Configuration Language
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone :wave:

  For the last month, I've been working on a hobby project, shaping
  years of my ideas into the implementation of minimalistic config
  language *ccl: Categorical Configuration Language*.

  You can read the motivation and a tutorial in my latest article:

  =E2=80=A2 [chshersh.com: The Most Elegant Configuration Language]

  I implemented CCL in OCaml using `angstrom'. The source code is here:

  =E2=80=A2 


[chshersh.com: The Most Elegant Configuration Language]



Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi :wave:

  We will hold our first Dune dev meeting of 2025 (Happy New Year
  :partying_face:) on *Wednesday, January, 8th at 9:00* CET. As usual,
  the session will be one hour long.

  Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or
  just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened!
  The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the
  ongoing work together and synchronize between the Dune developers !
  :camel:


:calendar: Agenda
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  The agenda is available on the[ meeting dedicated page]. Feel free to
  ask if you want to add more items in it.


[ meeting dedicated page]



:computer: Links
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Meeting link:[ zoom]
  =E2=80=A2 Calendar event:[ google calendar]
  =E2=80=A2 Wiki with information and previous notes:[ GitHub Wiki]


[ zoom]


[ google calendar]


[ GitHub Wiki] 


"Cram tests: a hidden gem of dune" and "Snapshot tests for your own ppx"
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


David Sancho announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi, I wrote 2 blog posts about cram tests and It's a good idea to
  share them together.


Cram tests: a hidden gem of dune
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I'm a strong advocate of unit tests, I can confidently say that it has
  saved me from introducing regressions countless times. Today I want to
  share one of the hidden gems of OCaml and their testing story with
  dune, cram tests.

  


Snapshot tests for your own ppx
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  When building preprocessor extensions (ppx) in OCaml, testing is
  crucial. You want to ensure your ppx works correctly and continues to
  work as you make changes. After experimenting with different
  approaches, I've found that cram tests fit well for the task.

  

  Let me know what you think, and if there's a need for more :smiley:


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [What Happened in 2024?]
  =E2=80=A2 [Build A CLI in OCaml with the Cmdliner Library]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[What Happened in 2024?]


[Build A CLI in OCaml with the Cmdliner Library]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Disposition: inline








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 31, 2024 to January 07, 2025.

    



    

    Playing with Windows on ARM64
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/playing-with-windows-on-arm64/15875/1

    

    

    

    David Allsopp announced
    

    

    
Following on from the teaser in https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/arm-windows-installation-as-of-today/15697/4, if you're lucky enough to have an ARM64 Windows machine, it's just about possible to get a few opam packages installed and working it!

    


    
You'll need Visual Studio 2022 (Community) with the following packages:

    

      

    • MSVC v143 - VS 2022 C++ ARM64/ARM64EC build tools (Latest)
      • 

    • MSVC v143 - VS 2022 C++ x64/x86 build tools (Latest)
      • 

    • C++/CLI support for v143 build tools (Latest)
      • 

    • C++ Clang Compiler for Windows (18.1.8)
      • 

    

    
That's not a typo: you need Clang and both the x64/x86 and ARM64 MSVC packages

    


    
Install Git for Windows as normal (winget install Git.Git, etc.) and Cygwin (adding the make and patch packages - no compilers or libraries needed, it's just to get the shell).

    


    
Clone my opam fork and check out branch windows-on-arm64. From a Cygwin bash terminal, cd to that clone and run make cold. After a little while, that should leave an ARM64 opam.exe in the current directory which should be copied to a location which you then add to PATH.

    


    
>>From Cmd/PowerShell, you can now run:

    

    PS > opam init --bare
PS > opam switch create --empty windows-on-arm64
PS > opam pin add --yes ocaml-variants git+https://github.com/dra27/ocaml.git#windows-on-arm64

    

    
Dune needs a trivial pin (which I think may be more to do with a recent Windows SDK issue, than arm64-specific):

    

    PS > opam pin add dune git+https://github.com/dra27/dune.git#windows-on-arm64

    


    
Unfortunately, it's not quite enough to get opam's dependencies installing through opam (dose3 failed for me, which is odd because it works with make cold and topkg was freezing, although that's less surprising). But it's kinda cool how much is working straightaway, and it certainly looks like we'll have native Windows ARM64 support at some point in the future, therefore!

    


    
Aside from the usual "packages which don't work properly" issue, there're two glaring problems:

    

      

    1. It should be possible to install the x86 / x64 compilers, but at present this doesn't work because the opam compiler packages need further tweaking[^1]
      2. 

    2. Only Clang-pretending-to-be-cl is supported at the moment - I can't see any reason that Clang-pretending-to-be-gcc shouldn't be doable, but as we don't presently support that for x64 either (and it necessarily needs MSYS2, rather than Cygwin), I haven't disappeared down that rabbit hole yet[^2]
      3. 

    


    
:warning: I have no timeline for upstreaming any of this, but it's all publicly pushed and welcome to anyone to extend to a mergeable state!

    


    
[^1]: I'll likely get to that at some point soon, as that unblocks general use of OCaml on Windows ARM64 machines, even if not native ARM64 use. However, it exceeds "fun messing around over Christmas and New Year"!

    


    
[^2]: See 1…

    

    

    

    

    

    Opam repository archival, Phase 1: unavailable packages
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repository-archival-phase-1-unavailable-packages/15797/7

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
It's done. It's done. It's done.

    


    
Happy new year!

    


    
We just merged the removal of the above mentioned uninstallable packages from opam-repository. In case you want to get these old opam files, please use:

    


    opam repository add opam-archive https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository-archive.git

    


    
Each of the opam files now include the two additional fields: (a) a x-reason-for-archival and (b) an x-opam-repository-commit-hash-at-time-of-archiving (as described in https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/blob/master/governance/policies/archiving.md#specification-of-the-x--fields-used-in-the-archiving-process).

    


    
We also pushed the tag '2025-01-before-archiving-phase1' to the main opam-repository.

    

    

    

    Statistics of opam files and unique packages
    

    

    











    
date (January 1st)
opam files
unique packages

    
    


    
phase1
28863
4805

    


    
2025
33033
4973

    


    
2024
29942
4572

    


    
2023
25983
4126

    


    
2022
21418
3647

    


    
2021
16632
3156

    


    
2020
12998
2554

    


    
2019
10236
2192

    


    
2018
8110
1878

    


    
2017
5966
1458

    


    
2016
4308
1086

    


    
2015
3081
823

    


    
2014
1856
593

    


    
2013
485
486

    
    

    


    
This shows that the amount of opam files are now back to mid-2023, while in the unique packages we're in mid-2024.

    

    

    

    

    Next steps
    

    

    
Next steps and call to action:

    

      

    • by January 15th we'll have a list of packages that require OCaml < 4.08 (plus those packages that were marked unavailable between December 15th and January 15th)
      • 

    • please mark your packages with x-maintenance-intent or flags: deprecated
      • 

    


    
On February 15th we will propose a list of packages that are deprecated or do not fall into the x-maintenance-intent - but only if there's no reverse dependency that requires them: if the package "cohttp" is marked with x-maintenance-intent: "(latest)", and some other package "bar" requires a specific cohttp version ('depends: "cohttp" {= "1.2.3"}'), the "cohttp.1.2.3" will be kept (to avoid making "bar" uninstallable).

    


    
We plan to have tooling ready that allows to spot which packages would be beneficial to have a x-maintenance-intent or flags: deprecated (i.e. which ones would allow to archive more packages).

    


    
What is the difference between flags: deprecated and x-maintenance-intent? 
Please use flags: deprecated if either specific versions or an entire package should be archived. Please use x-maintenance-intent for packages that are actively developed.

    


    
If you have any further questions, please don't hesitate to ask.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    CCL: Categorical Configuration Language
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ccl-categorical-configuration-language/15901/1

    

    

    

    Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone :wave: 

    


    
For the last month, I've been working on a hobby project, shaping years of my ideas into the implementation of minimalistic config language ccl: Categorical Configuration Language.

    


    
You can read the motivation and a tutorial in my latest article:

    




    
I implemented CCL in OCaml using angstrom. The source code is here:

    



    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/20

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi :wave: 

    


    
We will hold our first Dune dev meeting of 2025 (Happy New Year :partying_face:) on Wednesday, January, 8th at 9:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together and synchronize between the Dune developers ! :camel:

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if you want to add more items in it.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    

    

    "Cram tests: a hidden gem of dune" and "Snapshot tests for your own ppx"
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cram-tests-a-hidden-gem-of-dune-and-snapshot-tests-for-your-own-ppx/15910/1

    

    

    

    David Sancho announced
    

    

    
Hi, I wrote 2 blog posts about cram tests and It's a good idea to share them together.

    

    

    

    Cram tests: a hidden gem of dune
    

    

    
I'm a strong advocate of unit tests, I can confidently say that it has saved me from introducing regressions countless times. Today I want to share one of the hidden gems of OCaml and their testing story with dune, cram tests.

    


    
https://sancho.dev/blog/cram-tests-a-hidden-gem-of-dune

    

    

    

    

    Snapshot tests for your own ppx
    

    

    
When building preprocessor extensions (ppx) in OCaml, testing is crucial. You want to ensure your ppx works correctly and continues to work as you make changes. After experimenting with different approaches, I've found that cram tests fit well for the task.

    


    
https://sancho.dev/blog/snapshot-tests-for-your-own-ppx

    


    
Let me know what you think, and if there's a need for more :smiley:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 07 to 14, 202=
5.

    



    

    On concurrency models
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/on-concurrency-models/15899/24

    

    

    

    Deep in this thread, Calascibetta Romain announced

    

    
For those interested, we've spent some time writing a book on how to use Miou and =
asynchronous programming with Miou =E2=80=94 basically, it introduces Miou'=
s design. In addition, resources that may be of interest are:

    



    
A next release of Miou is in preparation and additions to this =E2=80=98lit=
tle book=E2=80=99 will be made. In particular, there will be an explanation=
 of how we implemented happy-eyeballs, which remains a good example.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml 5.3.0 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-3-0-released/15916/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
We have the pleasure of announcing the release of OCaml version 5.3.0. dedi=
cated
to the memory of John William Mauchly and Paul Verlaine on the anniversary =
of
their death.

    


    
De la musique avant toute chose,
    
Et pour cela pr=C3=A9f=C3=A8re l=E2=80=99Impair
    

    


    
(Music first and foremost of all!
    
Choose your measure of odd not even)
    

    


    
Some of the highlights in OCaml 5.3.0 are:

    


      

    • 
Syntax for deep effect handlers

      


      
There is now a dedicated syntax for installing deep effect handler

      

      

      match f () w=
ith
| x -> x
| effect Random_=
float, k -> Effect.Deep.co=
ntinue k (Random.float 1.0)

      

      

      
This new syntax adds a new effect keyword, which may break exi=
sting code.
To improve backward compatibility, this new keyword can be disabled with
the new -keywords flags if needed for backward compatibility.

      • 


    • 
Restored MSVC port

      


      
It is now possible to use the MSVC toolchain on Windows, restoring the last
missing port from OCaml 4 (except for the native compiler support for 32-bit
architectures which is not planned)

      • 


    • 
Re-introduced statistical memory profiling (statmemprof)

      


      
The submodule Gc.memprof is restored with a slightly different=
 API. This
submodule can be used to monitor memory allocation statistics inside a
program. In OCaml 5, each domain can be monitored independently while child
domains inherit the parent domain profiling profile (if there is one active=
).

      • 


    • 
utf-8 encoded Unicode source files and modest support of Unicode identifiers

      

      

      type saison =3D Hiver | Ét&#=
233; | Printemps=
 | Automn=
e=20

      

      

      
The OCaml lexer has been extended to support a modest subset of Unicode
characters in identifiers. This is mostly intended for pedagogical use. This
extended support requires source files to be utf-8 encoded Unicode text.

      • 


    • 
More space-efficient implementation of Dynarray

      


      
The internal implementation of Dynarray now uses an unboxed re=
presentation
which avoids the need of storing items wrapped in a Some x blo=
ck and thus
save some spaces and indirections.

      • 


    • 
Improved metadata on the pairs of declarations and definitions for merlin.

      


      
The metadata stored inside cmt files has been improved to better distinguis=
h the provenance of identifiers (previous versions could confuse an interfa=
ce and implementation identifier).
Similarly, the metadata now tracks more precisely the association between d=
eclarations and definitions. For instance, in

      

      

      module X =3D struct let x<=
/span> =3D 0 end
module M: sig
  val x: int
end =3D struct
  let x =3D 1
  include X
end

      

      

      
Merlin can now determine that the definition of the M.x value =
lies inside the module X.

      • 

    


    
And a lot of incremental changes:

    


      

    • Around 20 new functions in the standard library (in the Domain, Dynarray, Format, List, =
Queue, Sys, and Uchar modules).
      • 

    • Many fixes and improvements in the runtime
      • 

    • Improved error messages for first-class modules, functors, labelled arg=
uments,
and type clashes.
      • 

    • Numerous bug fixes
      • 

    


    
Please report any unexpected behaviours on the OCaml issue tracker.

    


    
The full list of changes can be found in the changelog below.

    


    
editor note: please visit https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-3-0-released/15916=
 for the changelog

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.

    

    

    

    

    

    dream-html and pure-html 3.9.5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-9-5/159=
17/1

    

    

    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
Happy to announce that dream-html and pure-html 3.9.5 are now available on =
opam. This is a significant release with three main new things:

    


      

    1. Type-safe paths and routing
      2. 

    2. Support for static asset caching
      3. 

    3. HTML improvements
      4. 

    

    

    

    Type-safe paths and routing
    

    

    
Allows defining paths as values that can be handled by a router and also rendered by the HTML markup generator, so th=
at the actual routed paths are in sync with the rendered paths in the appli=
cation. These paths use OCaml's built-in format strings rather than a new D=
SL: eg /orders/%s/versions/%d. This makes it possible to extra=
ct type-safe values from path segments and pass them to the handler; render=
 markup with guaranteed correct paths; and refactor the app's paths without=
 having to hunt for hard-coded strings.

    


    
See the docs for details.

    

    

    

    

    Static assets support
    

    

    
Automates the handling of static assets in the application so that they can=
 easily be served by the router with an immutable cache policy and their pa=
ths can be rendered in markup with a content-based revision hash, for easy =
cache-busting.

    


    
Added a new CLI tool dreamwork which helps with scaffolding th=
is static assets setup. The intention is to use it for more scaffolding tas=
ks in the future=E2=80=93stay tuned.

    


    
See the docs for details, and this screen recording for a short demo.

    

    

    

    

    HTML improvements
    

    

    
Thanks to RezwanArefin01 =
for prettifying the generated HTML. It is now formatted and much easier to =
read. See the snaps=
hots for some examples.

    


    
Lastly, added HTML.as_ which is the as attribute.

    


    
Enjoy!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Building an OCaml cross compiler with OCaml 5.3
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/building-an-ocaml=
-cross-compiler-with-ocaml-5-3/15918/1

    

    

    

    shym announced
    

    

    
A cross compiler is a compiler that runs on some =
host machine, for instance one running Linux on a 64-bit ARM process=
or, and generates code for a different target machine, for instance one running Windows with a 64-bit x86 processor.
Building OCaml cross compilers used to be quite tricky and hackish but many=
 incremental changes to the build system over the last years have improved =
radically the situation. So much so that, with the most recent changes (1, 2) in the development branch of th=
e compiler, it should be possible to build many cross compilers without ext=
ra changes :crossed_fingers:

    


    
This is all well and good, you might say, but you would rather play with th=
e brand new 5.3 instead of a development branch! So I=E2=80=99ve backported the=
 necessary changes to 5.3.

    

    

    

    How to build and use a OCaml 5.3 cross compiler
    

    

    
To make it easy to test, I=E2=80=99ve written an example OPAM file that can=
 be customised to suit your goal. It takes the example of building a cross =
compiler to 64-bit x86 Windows MinGW, in particular because that always rev=
eals unexpected issues :-)

    


      

    1. Start by creating a 5.3.0 OPAM switch if you haven=E2=80=99t already.


    2. Choose the target you want to create a cross compiler for and find its =
target triplet. The GCC C cross c=
ompilers and the GNU cross binutils use target triplets as prefixes for the=
 commands, so an easy way to find your triplet is to install the tools. So:=

      3. 


    3. Install the C cross compiler and toolchain for your target. Many Linux =
distributions package some cross compilers. For instance, the =
CI tests for cross compilers installs on Ubuntu:


        

      • the gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64 package (which depends on the mat=
ching binutils) to cross compile to 64-bit x86 Windows MinGW; in that case,=
 that target machine is identified by the x86_64-w64-mingw32 t=
riplet, so it calls configure with the argument --target=
=3Dx86_64-w64-mingw32,
        • 

      • the gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu package to cross compile to 64-b=
it arm Linux; in that case, the target machine is identified by the a=
arch64-linux-gnu triplet.
        • 

      4. 


    4. 
Create a new OPAM package interactively for instance by choosing the name o=
f the package (ocaml-xyz or even ocaml-cross-xyz =
are good choices I=E2=80=99d say; my example uses ocaml-cross-windows, for instance) and run:

      

      opam pin add --edit ocaml-cross-xyz -

      


      
This will open an editor so that you can fill in the instructions on how to=
 build your cross compiler. Use my example=
 to get you started. In particular you=E2=80=99ll want to configure the --target parameter with the triplet for your target (that could b=
e the only change!). If your toolchain and C compiler use that triplet as a=
 prefix for all the commands, configure will find them automat=
ically. Otherwise you=E2=80=99ll need to explicitly set them, by adding arg=
uments such as CC=3D... to configure. The CI tests for cross compilers contains such an example to cross co=
mpile to Android where CC, AR, PARTIALLD, RANLIB and STRIP are explicitly set…=
 In other words, I suggest to experiment first with an example with automat=
ic configuration!

      5. 

    


    
You should now have a cross compiler! Let=E2=80=99s use it on a simple sani=
ty check test.ml:

    


    

    (* Is the =
proper (target) OS identified? *)
let _ =3D
  Printf.printf "Version: %s\nOS: %s\nUnix: %b\nWin: %b\nCygwin: %b\n"
    Sys.ocaml_version Sys.os_type Sys.unix Sys.win32 Sys.cygwin

(* Do the compiler libs work?<=
span style=3D"color: #8f6f4a; font-style: italic;"> *)
(* The interface for [Arch] is not th=
e same across processor architectures, the
   following assumes yo=
ur target is 64-bit x86 *)
let _ =3D
  Printf.printf "allow_unaligned_access =3D %b\n" Arch.allow_unaligned_access;
  Printf.printf "win64 =3D %b\n" Arch.win64

    

    


    
The package ocaml-cross-xyz will install an ocamlfind toolchain called xyz. So we can compile test.ml thus:

    


    ocamlfind -toolchain xyz opt -package compiler-libs.optcomp -linkpkg test.m=
l -verbose

    


    
where -verbose let you check what is actually being run. If yo=
ur target is Windows MinGW (so cross compiling from some unix), you probabl=
y need an extra step before this compilation can go through: the tool flexlink.exe which is used to link the final Windows binary has bee=
n built as part of the package but ocamlopt will expect to fin=
d a command flexlink (note in particular the absence of =
.exe) so I suggest to ln -s the flexlink b=
inary somewhere in your PATH. For instance, it could be:

    


    ln -s "$(opam show --list-files ocaml-cross-xyz | grep flexlink.opt.exe)" ~=
/bin/flexlink

    


    
and then you will be able to run the ocamlfind -toolchain ... =
command to compile your program.

    

    

    

    

    Gotchas and details
    

    

      

    1. Beware that having a flexlink command in PATH=
 breaks OCaml (5.3 and before)=E2=80=99s configure if you=E2=
=80=99re not on Windows; this will be fixed in 5.4.
      2. 


    2. The example OPAM package contains SHA2=
56 sums for .patch files generated on the fly from the corresp=
onding commits but they might change without notice (to add an extra digit =
to the SHA1 they contain, for instance). If you notice that, ping me so tha=
t I can update the SHA256 sums in the gist.
      3. 


    3. 
The example OPAM package pulls the officia=
l OCaml 5.3.0 archive along with two patches:

      

        

      • the first one is a large commit that squashes all the commits that I ba=
ckported from upstream,
        • 

      • the second one is a small commit that adds the generation of the =
ocamlfind toolchain configuration.
        • 

      


      
You can find the detailed backport on my 5.3+ocross branch and its c=
omparison with the official release. The squashed commit lives on its <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/shym/ocaml/tree/5.3.0+ocross-squashed/">own br=
anch.

      4. 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Ppx deriving decoders
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-deriving-decoders/15921/1

    

    

    

    Ben Bellick announced
    

    

    
A little late but wanted to share a package I have released!

    


    
For those familiar with the excellent ocaml-decoders package, I have written ppx_deriving_decoders=
 to automatically generate the corresponding decoders (and encoders) based =
off of type definitions.=20

    


    
In my view, this gives the best of both worlds in terms of:

    

      

    1. automatically generating (e.g. JSON) serialization and deserialization =
based off of a type definition, and
      2. 

    2. having a readable and expressive language for handwriting encoders and =
decoders when necessary by using combinators.
      3. 

    


    
The instructions in the README demonstrate how you can use the generated de=
coder as a base point from which to hand tweak and get your own custom deco=
der.

    


    
Please let me know if you find it useful or have any feedback. Thanks!

    

    

    

    

    

    Ortac 0.5.0 testing higher order functions
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ortac-0-5-0-te=
sting-higher-order-functions/15945/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone!

    


    
I'm very pleased to announce the release of the Ortac-0.5.0 packages for sp=
ecification-driven testing!

    


    
Ortac/QCheck-STM is a test generator based on the QCheck-STM model-based testing fra=
mework and the Gospel specification language for OCaml.

    


    
This new release brings three new features.

    


    
In the effort to increase the coverage of the generated tests and thanks to=
 Jan Midtgaard, we now support testing higher order functions. Thanks Jan!

    


    
It is also now possible to test a module exposed as a sub-module by Dune, s=
pecifying the module's prefix in a CLI optional argument. A feature that we=
've been asked to add.

    


    
And to test an actual sub-module defined inside an OCaml file, specifying t=
he sub-module in a CLI optional argument as well.

    


    
Ortac/Dune generates the Dune boilerplate for you. It has been updated to s=
upport the two new optional arguments.

    


    
You can install those packages via opam:

    


    $ opam install ortac-qcheck-stm ortac-dune

    


    
Then you write some Gospel specifications in your library's interface file =
foo.mli:

    


    

    type 'a t
(*@ mutable model contents : 'a sequenc=
e *)

val make : int -> 'a -> 'a t
(*@ t =3D make i a
    ensures t.contents =
=3D Sequence.init i (fun _ -> a) *)

val for_all : ('a -> bool) -> 'a t -> bool
(*@ b =3D for_all p t
    ensures b =3D Seque=
nce.fold_left (fun acc a -> acc && p a) true t.contents *)

    

    


    
Then a simple configuration file foo_config.ml:

    


    

    type sut =3D char t

let init_sut =3D make 42 'a'

    

    


    
And you can generate some specification-driven model-based tests for your l=
ibrary just by running:

    


    $ ortac qcheck-stm foo.mli foo_config.ml

    


    
If you want to integrate the generation and the running of the tests to you=
r dune setup (which is highly recommended), just add the following stanza t=
o your dune file in your test directory:

    


    

    (rule
 (alias runtest)
 (mode promote)
 (action
  (with-stdout-to
   dune.inc
   (run ortac dune qcheck-stm foo.mli))))

(include dune.inc)

    

    


    
You'll find more information in the Ortac/QCheck-STM documentation, t=
he Ortac/Dune README and the examples folder. =
I'm also happy to answer questions.

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 14 to 21,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml Software Foundation: January 2025 update
ppxlib.034.0
Release of Carton 1.0.0 and Cachet
Opam repository archival, phase 2 - OCaml 4.08 is the lower bound
Ocaml-posix 2.1.0 released!
Release of ocaml-eglot 1.0.0
Semgrep is hiring to help scale their static analysis engine
Dune dev meeting
Tarides: 2024 in Review
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


OCaml Software Foundation: January 2025 update
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Happy new year!

  This is an update on recent works of the [OCaml Software Foundation],
  covering our 2024 actions =E2=80=93 the previous update was in [January 2=
024].

  The OCaml Software Foundation is a non-profit foundation ([earlier
  thread]) that receives funding from [our industrial sponsors] each
  year, and tries its best to spend it to support and strengthen the
  OCaml ecosystem and community.

  The funding volume we receive each year is around 200K=E2=82=AC. (For
  comparison: this is the yearly cost of one experienced full-time
  software engineer in many parts of the world.) We do not fund people
  full-time for long periods. Most actions receive from 3K=E2=82=AC to 20K=
=E2=82=AC.
  The work to prepare and execute actions is mostly done by the (unpaid)
  [Executive Committee]. It is currently formed by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=
=A4r,
  Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy, Kim Nguy=E1=BB=85n, Virgile Prevosto and my=
self,
  with administrative personnel provided by [INRIA] and general
  assistance by Alan Schmitt.

  Our current sponsors (thanks!) are [ahrefs], [Jane Street], [Tezos],
  [Bloomberg], [Lexifi], [SimCorp], [MERCE] and [Tarides]. (If your
  company would like to join as a sponsor, please [get in
  touch]. Unfortunately, we still cannot efficiently process small
  donations, so we are not calling for individual donations.)

  Feel free to use this thread for questions/suggestions :-)


[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[January 2024]


[earlier thread]


[our industrial sponsors] 

[Executive Committee] 

[INRIA]


[ahrefs] 

[Jane Street] 

[Tezos] 

[Bloomberg] 

[Lexifi] 

[SimCorp] 

[MERCE] 

[Tarides] 

[get in touch] 

Recent actions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Education and outreach

  We funded a new edition of the Spanish [summer school] on functional
  programming in OCaml, organized in Saragossa by Ricardo Rodriguez and
  Roberto Blanco.

  We continued funding the OCaml meetups in Paris and Toulouse,
  France. In 2024, a [new meetup] started in Chennai, India (first
  [discuss thread]), which we are delighted to support as well.

  We are sponsoring the [JFLA 2025], a functional programming conference
  in France, and an [OCaml Bridge Workshop] at Functional Conf 2025, a
  large Asian conference on functional programming.


  [summer school] 

  [new meetup] 

  [discuss thread]
  

  [JFLA 2025] 

  [OCaml Bridge Workshop]
  


=E2=97=8A Research

  The OCaml Software Foundation is typically not involved in funding
  research, focusing on actions that have an immediate impact on the
  language and its community. Nevertheless, in 2023 we funded one year
  of post-doctoral work for Takafumi Saikawa in relation to his
  maintenance work on the type-checker of OCaml. In 2024 we funded one
  year of research engineer for the [Salto] project, building a static
  analyzer for OCaml, and one year of PhD grant for [Alistair O'Brien]
  in Cambridge (complementing other funding sources for a full PhD),
  continuing his [impressive work] on constraint-based type inference
  for OCaml.


  [Salto] 

  [Alistair O'Brien] 

  [impressive work] 


=E2=97=8A Ecosystem

  =E2=97=8A Infrastructure

    As in previous years, we fund the work of Kate Deplaix to check that
    the OCaml ecosystem is compatible with upcoming compiler releases;
    in 2024 Kate worked on OCaml 5.2 and 5.3.

    We are trying our best to support the work of opam-repository
    maintainers, through individual funding grants for the active
    maintainers. This year, on the suggestion of the repository
    maintainers, we are also funding the work of [Robur] to migrate
    unmaintained packages to a separate archive ([discuss thread 1],
    [thread 2]).


    [Robur] 

    [discuss thread 1]
    

    [thread 2]
    


  =E2=97=8A Tools

    In 2024 we have funded one month of maintenance of the `opam' client
    by Raja Boujbel and her colleagues.

    We renewed our partial support for the work of Antonio Monteiro on
    [Melange]. For more Melange news, see for example the announcement
    of [Melange 4].


    [Melange] 

    [Melange 4] 


  =E2=97=8A Libraries

    We keep supporting the work of Petter Urkedal on the [Caqti]
    library, the main database connection library in the OCaml
    community.

    The [Owl] library for scientific computing has been [restructuring]
    in 2024, with its two maintainers moving to permanent jobs demanding
    their time and therefore less available. The OCaml Software
    Foundation is providing a small grant to help the maintainers
    transition to a different contribution model and/or preserve a part
    of their maintenance activity, as they think is best.

    We have been funding documentation work by John Whitington to
    collect or create usage examples of important OCaml libraries, prior
    to their upstreaming in the documentation of each project. See his
    [ocaml-nursery] repository.

    We support the contributions of Daniel B=C3=BCnzli to the OCaml
    ecosystem. This year, Daniel used this support to fund the
    development of

    =E2=80=A2 [jsont], a new library for declarative JSON data manipulation
    =E2=80=A2 [bytesrw], a library of composable byte stream readers and wr=
ites,
      with support for various compression and hashing algorithms
    =E2=80=A2 [support] for Unicode 16.0 in his Unicode libraries

    Finally, we have been funding Nathan Rebours to take an active part
    in the maintenance of the ppxlib project, see his [ppxlib
    maintenance summary].


    [Caqti] 

    [Owl] 

    [restructuring]
    

    [ocaml-nursery] 

    [jsont]
    

    [bytesrw]
    

    [support]
    

    [ppxlib maintenance summary]
    


ppxlib.034.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're happy to announce that we just released ppxlib.0.34.0.

  The full patch notes are available on the release page [over here].

  The main features are OCaml 5.3 compatibility, new AST pretty-printing
  utilities and the ppxlib-tools package, support for `[@@deriving ...]'
  on class types and the addition of missing `Pprintast' entry points.


[over here] 

Changes summary
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A 5.3 compatibility

  ppxlib.0.34.0 is the first official ppxlib release that's compatible
  with the new 5.3 compiler.

  The ppxlib driver now also comes with a `-keywords' CLI option,
  similar to the compiler's that allow you to compile and preprocess
  with the 5.3 compiler code that uses `effect' as an identifier. This
  is pretty niche but it's there should you need it.

  Please note that means you can use ppx-es with a 5.3 compiler but not
  that ppx-es can consume/produce 5.3 language features. We're currently
  working on a fix allowing you to use the effect syntax in files that
  require preprocessing as it's not possible with 0.34.0. The fix should
  be released in the next few days as 0.34.1.


=E2=97=8A AST pretty-printing

  We added a new `Pp_ast' module that allows you to pretty print AST
  fragments.

  The only way ppxlib would print ASTs before were as S-expressions. In
  practice we found that it was not always helpful and wanted a more
  readable and human friendly way of displaying the AST.

  The default output of those printer is a simplified version of the AST
  to keep things clear and avoid cluttering the output with information
  that is not always useful. For example, if you run
  `Ppxlib.Pp_ast.Default.expression' on the AST for `x + 2', you'll get
  the following:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Pexp_apply
  =E2=94=82   ( Pexp_ident (Lident "+")
  =E2=94=82   , [ ( Nolabel, Pexp_ident (Lident "x"))
  =E2=94=82     ; ( Nolabel, Pexp_constant (Pconst_integer ( "2", None)))
  =E2=94=82     ]
  =E2=94=82   )
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  The alert reader will note that there are no locations or attributes
  and that the `expression' record layer is omitted here.

  You can of course configure the printer to display more information if
  you need to.

  We've been using these new printers internally to debug migration code
  and they have been a huge help so we hope they will make working with
  ppxlib easier for you too.

  In addition to this new module, we also added a command line utility
  called `ppxlib-pp-ast' to pretty print ASTs from source files, source
  code fragments or even marshalled AST files. It is very similar to the
  old `ppx_tools''s `dumpast'.

  Note that it will print ppxlib's internal AST after it's been migrated
  from the installed compiler's version. This is something that we could
  not simply achieve with OCaml's own `-dparsetree'.

  This should be a useful tool for debugging ppx related bugs or
  learning about the AST and we hope ppx authors and users will like it.


=E2=97=8A Other changes

  As mentioned above, we also added some missing `Pprintast~=C2=B9 entries
  such as ~binding', `longident' and `payload'.

  It is now possible to use `[@@deriving ...]' on class type
  declarations and therefore to write derivers for class types.

  =C2=B9: /To the confused readers:/ `Pprintast' /is entirely different fro=
m/
  `Pp_ast' /mentioned above as it prints the source code corresponding
  to a given AST./


Plans for the next release
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Internal AST bump to 5.2

  Our next release will bump our internal AST to 5.2. It is a pretty big
  change because 5.2 changed how functions were represented in the AST
  and this impacts *A LOT* of ppx-es.

  @patricoferris has been working very hard on this over the past few
  months to minimize the amount of breakage and to send patches upstream
  where that was not possible to get the rest of the ecosystem ready for
  the bump.

  We wanted to first release the 5.3 compatibility but now that's out of
  the way we're able to focus on the bump again.

  @patricoferris will create a dedicated thread shortly to explain a bit
  what's been going on and what to expect from this release.


=E2=97=8A Drop support for OCaml < 4.08

  It is time for us to drop support for very old compilers. Keeping
  support for OCaml 4.07 and before requires maintenances of quite heavy
  compatibility layers and prevents us from using some language features
  in ppxlib's source code while providing little to no benefits since
  the vast majority of users already upgraded to much more recent
  compilers.

  If you're still relying on those older compilers and the newest
  ppxlib, please reach out, either here or via a ppxlib issue.


Special thanks
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We wanted to thank our external contributors for this release: @hhugo,
  @nojb and @dra27 for their help on the 5.3 compat and @mattiasdrp for
  bringing the `Pprintast' module up to speed.

  Special thanks as well to @pedrobslisboa who started integrating their
  excellent [ppx-by-example] into ppxlib's documentation.

  Finally, I'd also like to thank the OCaml Software Foundation who's
  been funding all my work on ppxlib and made this release possible!

  Happy preprocessing to you all!


[ppx-by-example] 


Release of Carton 1.0.0 and Cachet
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm delighted to announce the release of [Carton 1.0.0] and [Cachet]
  (which will be released soon into `opam-repository').

  Carton is a reimplementation of the Git PACK format. A PACK file is
  what you can find in your `.git/objects/pack' in your favourite Git
  repository. It contains mainly all your Git objects. This format
  provides a good compression ratio and the ability to extract objects
  almost directly. It can be seen as a read-only key-value database =E2=80=
=94 in
  effect, modifying Git objects is impossible.

  This project is built around the OCaml implementation of Git that we
  have. But the PACK format is also interesting in its own right and
  outside the Git concepts.

  The PACK format offers double compression. A zlib compression
  (proposed by [decompress]) as well as a compression between objects in
  the form of a binary patch (proposed by [duff]).

  So, if the "words" appear quite frequently (like the words used in a
  programming language =E2=80=94 if, else, then, etc.), the second level of
  compression becomes very interesting where an object (such as a file)
  is simply a succession of patches with other objects.


[Carton 1.0.0] 

[Cachet] 

[decompress] 

[duff] 

Cachet, a library for `mmap' syscall
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Carton and the PACK format very often use syscall `mmap'. The point is
  to be able to take advantage of the kernel cache system to read a PACK
  file. The kernel can read a file in advance when reading a page via
  `mmap'. Basically, the kernel anticipates that you might want to get
  the next page after the one you requested.

  However, in the case of Carton, it is sometimes necessary to =E2=80=98go
  back=E2=80=99, particularly for patched objects whose source is often
  upstream.

  Cachet is an intermediate layer for `mmap' that caches previously
  obtained pages. In this way, we take advantage of both the kernel for
  subsequent pages and our library for previous pages.

  Let's take a concrete example. Carton can analyse a PACK file as `git
  verify-pack' does. Let's make a comparison with and without Cachet.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------=
-+
  =E2=94=82 |              | with cachet | without cachet | git verify-pack=
 |
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------=
-+
  =E2=94=82 |         time |       17.8s |          41.8s |            9.3s=
 |
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------=
-+
  =E2=94=82 | cache misses |        936M |          1933M |            246M=
 |
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------------+----------------=
-+
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  As you can see, using Cachet improves Carton's execution time. We're
  still not as competitive as git-verify-pack, but we're getting close!

  Cachet offers to cache previously loaded pages. Its cache system is
  very basic and is just a small array whose size is a power of
  two. Next, we simply reuse the OCaml hash function =E2=80=94 in this resp=
ect,
  it may be worth testing another hash function.


=E2=97=8A Cachet & schedulers

  Like most of our projects, Cachet is independent of schedulers. There
  is therefore a variant with [Lwt] and a variant with [Miou]. However,
  we need to clarify a behaviour related to the use of Cachet. Reading a
  file, whether with `read(3)' or `mmap(3P)', does not block, but it can
  take some time.

  As we have already experienced and explained [here], it may be
  necessary to explain to the scheduler whether it is appropriate to do
  something else after such a syscall. In the case of Lwt, it might be a
  good idea to insert `Lwt.pause' just after our syscall so that Lwt
  gives another service the opportunity to run despite the time taken
  trying to read from a file. However, particularly for Lwt, this means
  closing Cachet in the hell of the monad (in other words, there is no
  way to escape it) because of this possible `Lwt.pause' (which returns
  `unit Lwt.t').

  The composition of Cachet with Lwt is therefore quite different from
  what we've been able to experiment with. One of [our other articles]
  suggests not using functors (too much), and although we can in fact
  abstract `Lwt.t' from `unit Lwt.t' (and even reduce it such that `type
  'a t =3D 'a') with the [HKP] trick, we opted for composition by hand.

  The problem relates to Lwt (and Async) and doesn't apply to Miou when
  it's possible to raise effects. However, from such a composition, a
  choice has been made to give Lwt the opportunity to do something else
  after `mmap'. We could, in other types of applications, make another
  choice on this precise question.


  [Lwt] 

  [Miou] 

  [here] 

  [our other articles]
  

  [HKP]
  


Carton
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Carton is a library that was originally developed for ocaml-git. It
  was internal to the project but we considered that the PACK format's
  field of application could be wider than that of Git. We decided to
  extract the project from `ocaml-git' and make it a library in its own
  right. Carton's objective remains fairly rudimentary. It consists of:
  =E2=80=A2 extract objects from a PACK file (whether or not these objects =
are
    Git objects)
  =E2=80=A2 generate an `*.idx' file from a PACK file in order to have quick
    access to the objects
  =E2=80=A2 verifying a PACK file such as `git verify-pack' does
  =E2=80=A2 and finally generate a PACK file from a list of objects

  Carton is a library and a tool that you can now use on your Git
  repositories. Here are a few examples of how to use `carton'. We'll
  start by cloning a repository to test Carton and go to the folder
  containing the PACK file.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install carton.1.0.0
  =E2=94=82 $ git clone https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml
  =E2=94=82 $ cd ocaml/.git/objects/pack/
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Carton can check a PACK file. Verifying means extracting all the
  objects in the file from memory and calculating their hash. This
  command is similar to `git verify-pack'.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ carton verify pack-*.pack
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Carton can extract a specific object (commit, tree or blob) from a
  PACK file using its associated `*.idx' file and the object identifier
  (the hash of the commit, for example).
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ carton get pack-*.idx 89055b054eeec0c6c6b6118d6490b6792da7fef2
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Instead of extracting objects from a PACK file into memory, you can
  also extract them as files using `explode'.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ mkdir loose
  =E2=94=82 $ carton explode 'loose/%s/%s' pack-*.pack > entries.pack
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Finally, Carton can create a new PACK file from a list of objects
  stored in files with make. It can also generate the `*.idx' file
  associated with the new PACK file. As we've just re-packaged the
  objects in the repository, we should find the same objects.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ carton make -n $(cat entries.pack | wc -l) -e entries.pack ne=
w.pack
  =E2=94=82 $ carton index new.pack
  =E2=94=82 $ carton get new.idx 89055b054eeec0c6c6b6118d6490b6792da7fef2
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please note that the above actions, applied to `ocaml/ocaml', may take
  some time due to the history of this project.

  In the example above, we can see the extraction of a Git object, the
  extraction of all the objects in a PACK file and the creation of a new
  PACK file based on all the extracted objects.

  As you can see, creating a PACK file can take a long time. However,
  the advantage of the PACK file lies particularly in obtaining the
  objects and in the rate of compression of the PACK file:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 +--------+-------------+----------+-------+--------------+
  =E2=94=82 |        | pack-*.pack | new.pack | loose | loose.tar.gz |
  =E2=94=82 +--------+-------------+----------+-------+--------------+
  =E2=94=82 |   size |        355M |     648M |  8.3G |         1.8G |
  =E2=94=82 +--------+-------------+----------+-------+--------------+
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The PACK file is primarily designed to provide access to objects
  according to their identifiers. This access must be as fast as
  possible, even if the object is first compressed with decompress and
  can be compressed in the form of a patch with duff. Here are a few
  metrics to give you an idea.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
  =E2=94=82 |              | pack-*.pack | new.pack | loose   |
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
  =E2=94=82 | git cat-file |     ~ 0.01s |      N/A |     N/A |
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
  =E2=94=82 |   carton get |     ~ 0.20s |  ~ 0.30s |         |
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
  =E2=94=82 |          cat |         N/A |      N/A | 0.0006s |
  =E2=94=82 +--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  What's important to note is the ability to have random access to
  objects simply by having the associated `*.idx' file, the production
  of which is quite efficient. This is not or hardly the case for
  compression formats such as GZip. And that's the whole point of PACK
  files, with an indexing method for almost immediate access to objects
  according to their identifiers and offering a very good compression
  ratio.

  *NOTE*: Carton does not compress the repository as well as Git. The
   main reason is that Git has some heuristics relating to Git objects
   that Carton does not implement - because Carton wishes to be
   independent of Git concepts. These heuristics apply in particular to
   the order in which we want to pack objects. In addition, Git prepares
   the ground so that the antecedents of a blob object (which is a file
   in your repository), for example, are the old versions of that same
   blob (and therefore the old versions of your file).

  In this context, the patch algorithm implemented by [duff] applies
  very well and gives very good results.

  For more details on these heuristics, you can read [this discussion]
  that serves as documentation.


[duff] 

[this discussion]


=E2=97=8A Carton & parallelism

  As always, our libraries are independent of schedulers. There is a
  version of Carton with Lwt and a version with Miou.

  Some of the tasks Carton performs, such as indexing, are highly
  parallelizable. In this case, the new derivation of Carton with Miou
  exists to take advantage of the latter's domain pool.

  It was also quite easy to parallelize the work on `carton index' and
  `carton verify'. Here are some other metrics which, thanks to OCaml 5
  and Miou, bring us closer to Git performance:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ hyperfine \
  =E2=94=82   -n git \
  =E2=94=82     "git verify-pack pack-03a3a824757ff4c225874557c36d44eefe3d7=
918.idx" \
  =E2=94=82   -n carton \
  =E2=94=82     "carton verify pack-03a3a824757ff4c225874557c36d44eefe3d791=
8.pack -q --threads 4"
  =E2=94=82 Benchmark 1: git
  =E2=94=82   Time (mean =C2=B1 =CF=83):     329.2 ms =C2=B1   0.9 ms    [U=
ser: 384.2 ms, System: 27.8 ms]
  =E2=94=82   Range (min =E2=80=A6 max):   327.7 ms =E2=80=A6 330.9 ms    1=
0 runs
  =E2=94=82=20=20
  =E2=94=82 Benchmark 2: carton
  =E2=94=82   Time (mean =C2=B1 =CF=83):     712.1 ms =C2=B1  10.9 ms    [U=
ser: 1111.8 ms, System: 1112.6 ms]
  =E2=94=82   Range (min =E2=80=A6 max):   695.4 ms =E2=80=A6 726.8 ms    1=
0 runs
  =E2=94=82=20=20
  =E2=94=82 Summary
  =E2=94=82   git ran
  =E2=94=82     2.16 =C2=B1 0.03 times faster than carton
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *NOTE*: it may come as a surprise that Carton is 2 times slower than
   Git for analysing a PACK file, but it should be noted that almost the
   entire Carton implementation is in OCaml! At this stage, the idea is
   more to give you an idea, but we literally find ourselves comparing a
   Bugatti with a [Citro=C3=ABn 2CV].


  [Citro=C3=ABn 2CV] 


=E2=97=8A Carton & Emails

  Finally, this in-depth rewrite of Carton allows us to take advantage
  of the PACK format for storing our emails.

  In fact, we are experimenting with and developing an email solution
  within our cooperative, and email archiving is one of our
  objectives. Based on our experience of implementing Git, we thought
  that the PACK format could be a very interesting format for archiving
  emails.

  It combines two features, rapid access to emails and compression by
  patches, which are very interesting when it comes to handling
  emails. Finally, it also corresponds more or less to the way we use
  email:
  =E2=80=A2 we don't want to delete them (more often than not, we want to k=
eep
    them _ad vitam aeternam_)
  =E2=80=A2 and we don't modify them

  It therefore corresponds to a sort of read-only database. For more
  details on this aspect of Carton and the results of our experiments, I
  suggest you read our [recent article on our cooperative's blog].


  [recent article on our cooperative's blog]
  


Opam repository archival, phase 2 - OCaml 4.08 is the lower bound
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce below the list of opam packages that
  will move to the opam-repository-archive on February 1st 2025. In
  total there are 5855 opam files scheduled for being moved within 1218
  unique packages. This decreases the size of the opam-repository by
  roughly 20%.

  /Editor note: please follow the post link for the other articles with
  whole list./

  This list contains all packages that are not compatible with OCaml >=3D
  4.08, and packages that after archiving those are not installable due
  to missing dependencies. The "not installable" list has been generated
  by [archive-opam], and this may of course contain bugs.

  A smaller list contains a re-run of phase 1 (packages that are
  available: false) - where the availability was added between Dec 15th
  and now.

  If you find a package in the list and you=E2=80=99d like to retain it in =
the
  opam-repository, there are some options:

  =E2=80=A2 (a) you can install it on your system (`opam install'): this me=
ans
    there=E2=80=99s a bug in the archive-opam utility, please provide the
    package name and version in the [opam-repository-archive Phase 2
    PR], together with your opam version, OCaml version, and operating
    system;
  =E2=80=A2 (b) it is not installable: please figure out the reasoning (the
    =E2=80=9CReasoning=E2=80=9D may help you to find the root issue), and t=
ry to fix it
    yourself - if you=E2=80=99re unable to fix the root cause, please also
    comment in the [opam-repository-archive Phase 2 PR] with the package
    name and version.

  If you=E2=80=99ve any questions, please don=E2=80=99t hesitate to ask her=
e or on
  GitHub or via another communication channel.

  You can help further on the archiving process:

  =E2=80=A2 as mentioned in the last announcement please add the
    `x-maintenance-intent' to your packages (a good choice for a lot of
    packages is `x-maintenance-intent: [("latest")]' if you=E2=80=99re
    maintaining the latest version only) - this will be considered in
    Phase 3 (March 1st 2025);
  =E2=80=A2 if you are the author or maintainer of a package that is no lon=
ger
    useful or maintained, you can as well mark your opam files in the
    opam-repository with `x-maintenance-intent: [("none")]' (this will
    be taken into account in Phase 3 - March 1st 2025);
  =E2=80=A2 if you flagged your preliminary releases with `flags:
    avoid-version', and they can now be removed (e.g. since a stable
    version has been released), please open a pull request to replace
    the `avoid-version' with `deprecated'.

  Please note that the next Phase will be announced on February 15th
  with all packages where the `x-maintenance-intent' does not match, and
  which do not have any reverse dependencies - archiving is scheduled
  for March 1st.

  To keep track of the announcements, please look at the
  [opam-repository tag].

  A big thanks to the OCaml Software Foundation for funding the
  opam-repository archival project.


[archive-opam] 

[opam-repository-archive Phase 2 PR]


[opam-repository tag] 


Ocaml-posix 2.1.0 released!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Romain Beauxis announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi all!

  Version `2.1.0' of `ocaml-posix' has been released!

  =E2=80=A2 Repo: 
  =E2=80=A2 API doc: [ocaml-posix]

  While it was long overdue, this version only include minor changes,
  along with the addition of `posix-math2'.

  These packages are intended to provide a consistent, extensive set of
  bindings for the various POSIX APIs to be used with [ocaml-ctypes]
  when building bindings to C libraries that require the use of these
  APIs.

  While working on OCaml projects, it is common to have to interface
  with APIs derived from the POSIX specifications, `getaddrinfo',
  `uname' etc.

  The core OCaml library provides their own version of these APIs but:
  =E2=80=A2 They only cover parts of it
  =E2=80=A2 They wrap some native types such as `socketaddr' into custom, o=
paque
    OCaml types, making it impossible to re-use, for instance when using
    a C library API requiring a POSIX `sockaddr'.

  Thus, having a large, consistent set of bindings for these APIs that
  reflect the actual C types, structures and etc greatly improves the
  usability of the language and ecosystem as a whole by making it
  possible to interface it with a large set of C libraries in a reusable
  way.

  The project has been mostly stable for a couple of years (and so have
  the POSIX standards), but could use some more hands if there is more
  need in the community to extend the set of POSIX APIs supported by the
  language.


[ocaml-posix] 

[ocaml-ctypes] 


Release of ocaml-eglot 1.0.0
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone!

  We (at [Tarides]) are _particularly pleased_ to announce the first
  release of [OCaml-eglot], An overlay on [Eglot] (the _built-in_ [LSP]
  client for Emacs) for editing OCaml!

  =E2=80=A2 [Github repository]
  =E2=80=A2 [Package on MELPA]
  =E2=80=A2 [Features list]
  =E2=80=A2 [Installation procedure]
  =E2=80=A2 [Comparison table with Merlin]


[Tarides] 

[OCaml-eglot] 

[Eglot] 

[LSP] 

[Github repository] 

[Package on MELPA] 

[Features list]


[Installation procedure]


[Comparison table with Merlin]


More precisely
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Typically, developers who use Emacs (`43.7%' in 2022, [according to
  the OCaml User Survey]) use a major mode (such as the venerable
  [caml-mode], or [tuareg]) and [Merlin] to provide IDE services. In
  2016, Microsoft has released LSP, a generic protocol for interacting
  with editors which, at first, was only used by Visual Studio Code,
  but, since 2020, has really become the norm. De-facto, following the
  LSP standard gives very good _default_ (completion, jump to
  definition, =E2=80=A6). OCaml has excellent LSP ([ocaml-lsp-server]) supp=
ort,
  which is used in particular by the [OCaml platform for Visual Studio
  Code].

  With the aim of reducing maintenance for all possible editors, going
  LSP seems to be a good direction. A pertinent choice, especially since
  the major historical editors (such as Vim and Emacs) offer, in their
  recent versions, LSP clients _out of the box_. However, in the same
  way that the OCaml client for VSCode integrates *OCaml-specific*
  features, it was necessary to support these features on the Emacs side
  (and in the future, Vim) to compete with Merlin, which is the goal of
  `ocaml-eglot', to *provide a tailored development experience for OCaml
  code editing*!


[according to the OCaml User Survey]


[caml-mode] 

[tuareg] 

[Merlin] 

[ocaml-lsp-server] 

[OCaml platform for Visual Studio Code]



User feedback and future development
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We've just released the first version of OCaml-eglot, and, much like
  the various editor-related projects (Merlin, Vscode-ocaml-platform,
  Merlin for Emacs, Merlin for Vim), *we're more than open to community
  collaboration, user feedback*, in order to provide the best possible
  user experience!

  _Happy Hacking_!


Semgrep is hiring to help scale their static analysis engine
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Emma Jin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Semgrep is an application security company focused on detecting and
  remediating vulnerabilities. The static analysis engine is primarily
  written in OCaml. We're looking for a software engineer to help us
  support scanning larger repositories and add many more users. The
  ideal candidate has owned a critical tool, worked on an OCaml project,
  and is interested in static analysis.

  If this sounds interesting to you, see our job posting at
  ! Let me
  know if you have any questions!


Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi Dune enthusiasts :camel:,

  We will hold the regular Dune Dev Meeting on *Wednesday, January, 22nd
  at 16:00* CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

  Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or
  just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened!
  The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the
  ongoing work together and synchronize with the Dune developers!


:calendar: Agenda
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C

  The agenda is available on the[ meeting dedicated page]. Feel free to
  ask if you want to add more items in it.


[ meeting dedicated page]



:computer: Links
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Meeting link: [zoom]
  =E2=80=A2 Calendar event: [google calendar]
  =E2=80=A2 Wiki with information and previous notes: [GitHub Wiki]


[zoom]


[google calendar]


[GitHub Wiki] 


Tarides: 2024 in Review
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Thomas Gazagnaire announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  At [Tarides], we believe in making OCaml a mainstream programming
  language by improving its tooling and integration with other
  successful ecosystems. In 2024, we focused our efforts on initiatives
  to advance this vision by addressing key technical challenges and
  engaging with the community to build a stronger foundation for OCaml=E2=
=80=99s
  growth. This report details our work, the rationale behind our
  choices, and the impact achieved. We are very interested in getting
  your feedback: [please get in touch] (or respond to this thread!) if
  you believe we are going in the right direction.

  /__TL;DR__ =E2=80=93 In 2024, Tarides focused on removing adoption fricti=
on
  with better documentation and tools; and on improving adoption via the
  integration with three key thriving ecosystems: multicore programming,
  web development, and Windows support. Updates to [ocaml.org] improved
  onboarding and documentation, while the [Dune Developer Preview]
  simplified workflows with integrated package management. Merlin added
  support for [project-wide reference support] and [odoc 3], which is
  about to be released. OCaml 5.3 marked the first stable multicore
  release, and `js_of_ocaml' achieved up to 8x performance boosts in
  real-world commercial applications thanks to added support for
  WebAssembly. On Windows, opam 2.2 brought full compatibility and CI
  testing to all Tier 1 platforms on `opam-repository', slowly moving
  community packages towards reliable and better support for
  Windows. Tarides=E2=80=99 community support included organising the first=
 [FUN
  OCaml conference], many local meetups, and two rounds of Outreachy
  internships./


[Tarides] 

[please get in touch] 

[ocaml.org] 

[Dune Developer Preview] 

[project-wide reference support]


[odoc 3] 

[FUN OCaml conference] 

Better Tools: Toward a 1-Click Installation of OCaml
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Our primary effort in 2024 was to continue delivering on the [OCaml
  Platform roadmap] published last year.  We focused on making it easier
  to get started with OCaml by removing friction in the installation and
  onboarding process. Our priorities were guided by the latest [OCSF
  User Survey], direct user interviews, and [feedback] gathered from the
  OCaml community. Updates from Tarides and other OCaml Platform
  maintainers were regularly shared in the [OCaml Platform Newsletter].


[OCaml Platform roadmap] 

[OCSF User Survey]


[feedback] 

[OCaml Platform Newsletter]


=E2=97=8A OCaml.org

  OCaml.org is the main entry point for new users of OCaml. Tarides
  engineers are key members of the OCaml.org team. Using
  [privacy-preserving analytics], the team tracked visitor behaviour to
  identify key areas for improvement. This led to a redesign of the
  [installation page], simplifying the setup process, and a revamp of
  the [guided tour of OCaml] to better introduce the language. Both
  pages saw significant traffic increases compared to 2023, with the
  installation page recording 69k visits, the tour reaching 65k visits
  and a very encouraging total number of visits increasing by +33%
  between Q3 and Q4 2024

  

  Efforts to improve user experience included a satisfaction survey
  where 75% of respondents rated their experience positively, compared
  to 17% for the previous version of the site. User testing sessions
  with 21 participants provided further actionable insights, and these
  findings informed updates to the platform. The redesign of OCaml.org
  community sections was completed using this feedback. It introduced
  several new features: a new [Community landing page], an [academic
  institutions page] with course listings, and an [industrial users
  showcase]. The team also implemented an automated [event announcement]
  system to inform the community of ongoing activities.

  Progress and updates were regularly shared through the [OCaml.org
  newsletters], keeping the community informed about
  developments. Looking ahead, the team will continue refining the
  platform by addressing feedback, expanding resources, and monitoring
  impact through analytics to support both new and experienced OCaml
  users. Lastly, the infrastructure they build is starting to be used by
  other communities: [Rocq] just announced their brand new website,
  built using the same codebase as ocaml.org!


  [privacy-preserving analytics] 

  [installation page] 

  [guided tour of OCaml] 

  [Community landing page] 

  [academic institutions page] 

  [industrial users showcase] 

  [event announcement] 

  [OCaml.org newsletters]
  

  [Rocq] 


=E2=97=8A Dune as the Default Frontend of the OCaml Platform

  One of the main goals of the OCaml Platform is to make it easier for
  users=E2=80=94especially newcomers=E2=80=94to adopt OCaml and build proje=
cts with
  minimal friction. A critical step toward this goal is having a single
  CLI to serve as the frontend for the entire OCaml development
  experience (codenamed [Bob] in the past). This year, we made
  significant progress in that direction with the release of the [Dune
  Developer Preview].

  Setting up an OCaml project currently requires multiple tools: `opam'
  for package management, `dune' for builds, and additional
  installations for tools like OCamlFormat or Odoc. While powerful, this
  fragmented workflow can make onboarding daunting for new users. The
  Dune Developer Preview consolidates these steps under a single CLI,
  making OCaml more approachable. With this preview, setting up and
  building a project is as simple as:

  1. `dune pkg lock' to lock the dependencies.
  2. `dune build' to fetch the dependencies and compile the project.

  This effort is also driving broader ecosystem improvements. The
  current OCaml compiler relies on fixed installation paths, making it
  difficult to cache and reuse across environments, so it cannot be
  shared efficiently between projects. To address this, we are working
  on making the compiler relocatable ([ongoing work]). This change will
  enable compiler caching, which means faster project startup times and
  fewer rebuilds in CI. As part of this effort, we also [maintain]
  patches to core OCaml projects to make them relocatable =E2=80=93 and we
  worked with upstream to merge (like [for ocamlfind]). Tarides
  engineers also continued to maintain Dune and other key Platform
  projects, ensuring stability and progress. This included organising
  and participating in regular development meetings (for [Dune], [opam],
  [Merlin], [ppxlib], etc.)  to prioritise community needs and align
  efforts across tools like Dune and opam to avoid overlapping
  functionality.

  The Dune Developer Preview is an iterative experiment. Early user
  feedback has been promising (the Preview=E2=80=99s NPS went from +9 in Q3=
 2024
  to +27 in Q4 2024), and future updates will refine the experience
  further. We aim to ensure that experimental features in the Preview
  are upstreamed into stable releases once thoroughly tested. For
  instance, the package management feature is already in Dune 3.17. We
  will announce and document it more widely when we believe it is mature
  enough for broader adoption.


  [Bob] 

  [Dune Developer Preview] 

  [ongoing work] 

  [maintain]
  

  [for ocamlfind] 

  [Dune] 

  [opam] 

  [Merlin]
  

  [ppxlib] 


=E2=97=8A Editors

  In 2024, Tarides focused on improving editor integration to lower
  barriers for new OCaml developers and enhance the experience for
  existing users. Editors are the primary way developers interact with
  programming languages, making seamless integration essential for
  adoption. With more than [73% of developers using Visual Studio Code
  (VS Code)], VS Code is particularly important to support, especially
  for new developers and those transitioning to OCaml. As part of this
  effort, Tarides wrote and maintained the [official VS Code plugin for
  OCaml,] prioritising feature development for this editor. We also
  support other popular editors like Emacs and Vim=E2=80=94used by many Tar=
ides
  engineers=E2=80=94on a best-effort basis. Improvements to [OCaml-LSP] and
  [Merlin], both maintained by Tarides, benefit all supported editors,
  ensuring a consistent and productive development experience.

  

  While several plugins for OCaml exist ([OCaml and Reason IDE]=E2=80=93128k
  installs, [Hackwaly]=E2=80=9390k installs), our [OCaml VS Code plugin] =
=E2=80=93now
  with over 208k downloads=E2=80=93 is a key entry point for developers ado=
pting
  OCaml in 2024. This year, we added integration with the Dune Developer
  Preview, allowing users to leverage Dune's package management and
  tooling directly from the editor. Features such as real-time
  diagnostics, autocompletion, and the ability to fetch dependencies and
  build projects without leaving VS Code simplify development and make
  OCaml more accessible for newcomers.

  The standout update in 2024 was the addition of [project-wide
  reference support], a long-requested feature from the OCaml community
  and a top priority for commercial developers. This feature allows
  users to locate all occurrences of a term across an entire codebase,
  making navigation and refactoring significantly easier=E2=80=94especially=
 in
  large projects. Delivering this feature required coordinated updates
  across the ecosystem, including changes to the OCaml compiler, Merlin,
  OCaml LSP, Dune, and related tools. The impact is clear: faster
  navigation, reduced cognitive overhead, and more efficient workflows
  when working with complex projects.

  Additional improvements included support for new Language Server
  Protocol features, such as `signature_help' and `inlay_hint', which
  enhance code readability and provide more contextual
  information. These updates enabled the introduction of new commands,
  such as the "Destruct" command. This [little-known but powerful
  feature] automatically expands a variable into a pattern-matching
  expression corresponding to its inferred type, streamlining tasks that
  would otherwise be tedious.

  


  [73% of developers using Visual Studio Code (VS Code)]
  

  [official VS Code plugin for OCaml,]
  

  [OCaml-LSP] 

  [Merlin] 

  [OCaml and Reason IDE]
  

  [Hackwaly]
  

  [OCaml VS Code plugin]
  

  [project-wide reference support]
  

  [little-known but powerful feature]
  


=E2=97=8A Documentation

  Documentation was identified as the number one pain point in the
  latest [OCSF survey]. It is a critical step in the OCaml developer
  journey, particularly after setting up the language and
  editor. Tarides prioritised improving `odoc' to make it easier for
  developers to find information, learn the language, and navigate the
  ecosystem effectively. High-quality documentation and tools to help
  developers get "unstuck" are essential to reducing friction and
  ensuring a smooth adoption experience.

  Tarides is the primary contributor and maintainer of [`odoc'], OCaml=E2=
=80=99s
  main documentation tool. In preparation for the [odoc 3 release], our
  team introduced two significant updates. First, the [`odoc' Search
  Engine] was integrated, allowing developers to search directly within
  OCaml documentation via the [Learn page]. Second, the [`odoc'
  Cheatsheet] provides a concise reference for creating and consuming
  OCaml documentation. We would like to believe that these updates,
  deployed on ocaml.org, were the main cause of a **45% increase in
  package documentation usage** on [https://ocaml.org/pkg/] in Q4 2024!

  

  Another area where developers often get stuck is debugging programs
  that don=E2=80=99t work as expected. Alongside reading documentation, live
  debuggers are crucial for understanding program issues. Tarides worked
  to improve native debugging for OCaml, focusing on macOS, where LLDB
  is the only supported debugger. Key progress included a [name mangling
  fix] to improve symbol resolution, restoring ARM64 backtraces, and
  introducing Python shims for code sharing between LLDB and GDB.

  OCaml=E2=80=99s error messages remain a common pain point, particularly f=
or
  syntax errors. Unlike [Rust=E2=80=99s error index], OCaml does not (yet!)=
 have
  a centralised repository of error explanations. Instead, we are
  focused on making error messages more self-explanatory. This requires
  developing new tools, such as [`lrgrep'], a domain-specific language
  for analysing grammars built with Menhir. `lrgrep' enables concise
  definitions of error cases, making it possible to identify and address
  specific patterns in the parser more effectively. This provides a
  practical way to improve error messages without requiring changes to
  the compiler. In December 2024, @let-def successfully defended his PhD
  (a collaboration between Inria and Tarides) on this topic, so expect
  upstreaming work to start soon.


  [OCSF survey]
  

  [`odoc'] 

  [odoc 3 release] 

  [`odoc' Search Engine]
  

  [Learn page] 

  [`odoc' Cheatsheet]
  

  [https://ocaml.org/pkg/] 

  [name mangling fix] 

  [Rust=E2=80=99s error index]
  

  [`lrgrep'] 


=E2=97=8A OCaml Package Ecosystem

  The last piece of friction we aimed to remove in 2024 was ensuring
  that users wouldn=E2=80=99t encounter errors when installing a package fr=
om
  the community. This required catching issues early=E2=80=94before package=
s are
  accepted into `opam-repository' and made available to the broader
  ecosystem. To achieve this, Tarides has built and maintained extensive
  CI infrastructure, developed tools to empower contributors, and guided
  package authors to uphold the high quality of the OCaml package
  ecosystem.

  In 2024, Tarides=E2=80=99 CI infrastructure supported the OCaml community=
 at
  scale, handling approximately **20 million jobs on 68 machines
  covering 5 hardware architectures**. This infrastructure continuously
  tested packages to ensure compatibility across a variety of platforms
  and configurations, including OCaml=E2=80=99s Tier 1 platforms: x86, ARM,
  RISC-V, s390x, and Power. It played a critical role during major
  events, such as new OCaml releases, by validating the ecosystem=E2=80=99s
  readiness and catching regressions before they impacted
  users. Additionally, this infrastructure supported daily submissions
  to `opam-repository', enabling contributors to identify and resolve
  issues early, reducing downstream problems. To improve transparency
  and accessibility, we introduced a CI pipeline that automates
  configuration updates, ensuring seamless deployments and allowing
  external contributors to propose and apply changes independently.

  In addition to maintaining the infrastructure, Tarides developed and
  maintained the CI framework running on top of it. A major focus in
  2024 was making CI checks available as standalone CLI tools
  distributed via `opam'. These tools enable package authors to run
  checks locally, empowering them to catch issues before submitting
  their packages to `opam-repository'. This approach reduces reliance on
  central infrastructure and allows developers to work more
  efficiently. The CLI tools are also compatible with GitHub Actions,
  allowing contributors to integrate tests into their own workflows. To
  complement these efforts, we enhanced `opam-repo-ci', which remains an
  essential safety net for packages entering the repository. Integration
  tests for linting and reverse dependencies were introduced, enabling
  more robust regression detection and improving the reliability of the
  ecosystem.

  To uphold the high standards of the OCaml ecosystem, every package
  submission to `opam-repository' is reviewed and validated to ensure it
  meets quality criteria. This gatekeeping process minimises errors
  users might encounter when installing community packages, enhancing
  trust in the ecosystem. In 2024, Tarides continued to be actively
  [involved] in maintaining the repository, ensuring its smooth
  operation. We also worked to guide new package authors by updating the
  [contributing guide] and creating a detailed [wiki] with actionable
  instructions for adding and maintaining packages. These resources were
  [announced on Discuss] to reach the community and simplify the process
  for new contributors, improving the overall quality of submissions.


  [involved]
  

  [contributing guide]
  

  [wiki] 

  [announced on Discuss]
  


Playing Better with the Larger Ecosystem
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Concurrent & Parallel Programming in OCaml

        _"Shared-memory multiprocessors have never really 'taken
        off', at least in the general public. For large parallel
        computations, clusters (distributed-memory systems) are
        the norm. For desktop use, monoprocessors are plenty
        fast."_ =E2=80=93 [Xavier Leroy, November 2002]

  Twenty+ years after this statement, processors are multicore by
  default, and OCaml has adapted to this reality. Thanks to the combined
  efforts of the OCaml Labs and Tarides team, the OCaml 5.x series
  introduced multicore support after [a decade of research and
  experimentation.] While this was a landmark achievement, the path to
  making multicore OCaml stable, performant, and user-friendly has
  required significant collaboration and continued work. In 2024,
  Tarides remained focused on meeting the needs of the broader community
  and commercial users.

  OCaml 5.3 (released last week) was an important milestone in this
  journey. With companies such as [Routine], [Hyper], and [Asemio]
  adopting OCaml 5.x, and advanced experimentation ongoing at Jane
  Street, Tezos, Semgrep, and others, OCaml 5.3 is increasingly seen as
  the first =E2=80=9Cstable=E2=80=9D release of the multicore series. While=
 some
  [performance issues] remain in specific parts of the runtime, we are
  working closely with the community to address them in OCaml
  5.4. Tarides contributed extensively to the [5.2] and [5.3] releases
  by directly contributing to **nearly two-thirds of the merged pull
  requests**. Since Multicore OCaml was incorporated upstream in 2023,
  we have been continuously involved in the compiler and language
  evolution in collaboration with Inria and the broader OCaml ecosystem.

  Developing correct concurrent and parallel software is inherently
  challenging, and this applies as much to the runtime as to
  applications built on it. In 2024, we focused on advanced testing
  tools to help identify and address subtle issues in OCaml=E2=80=99s runti=
me
  and libraries. The [property-based test suite] reached maturity this
  year, uncovering over 40 critical issues, with 28 resolved by Tarides
  engineers. Trusted to detect subtle bugs, such as [issues with
  orphaned ephemerons], the suite has become an integral part of OCaml=E2=
=80=99s
  development workflow. Importantly, it is accessible to contributors
  without deep expertise in multicore programming, ensuring any changes
  in the compiler or the runtime do not introduce subtle concurrency
  bugs.

  

  Another critical effort was extending ThreadSanitizer (TSAN) support
  to most Tier 1 platforms and [applying it extensively to find and fix
  data races in the runtime]. This work has improved the safety and
  reliability of OCaml=E2=80=99s multicore features and is now part of the
  standard testing process, further ensuring the robustness of the
  runtime.

  Beyond testing, we also worked to enhance library support for
  multicore programming. The release of the [Saturn library] introduced
  lock-free data structures tailored for OCaml 5.x. To validate these
  structures, we developed [DSCheck], a static analyser for verifying
  lock-free algorithms. These tools, along with Saturn itself, provide
  developers with reliable building blocks for scalable multicore
  applications.

  Another promising development in 2024 was the introduction of the
  [Picos] framework. Picos aims to provide a low-level foundation for
  concurrency, simplifying interoperability between libraries like Eio,
  Moonpool, Miou, Riot, Affect, etc. Picos offers a simple,
  unopinionated, and safe abstraction layer for concurrency. We believe
  it can potentially standardise concurrency patterns in OCaml, but we
  are not there yet. Discussions are underway to integrate parts of
  Picos into higher-level libraries and, eventually, the standard
  library. We still have a long way to go, and getting feedback from
  people who actively tried it in production settings would be very
  helpful!


  [Xavier Leroy, November 2002]
  

  [a decade of research and experimentation.]
  

  [Routine] 

  [Hyper] 

  [Asemio]
  

  [performance issues] 

  [5.2]
  

  [5.3]
  

  [property-based test suite]
  

  [issues with orphaned ephemerons]
  

  [applying it extensively to find and fix data races in the runtime]
  

  [Saturn library]
  

  [DSCheck]
  

  [Picos] 


=E2=97=8A Web

  Web development remains one of the most visible and impactful domains
  for programming languages; [JavaScript, HTML, and CSS are the most
  popular technologies] in 2024. For OCaml to grow, it must integrate
  well with this ecosystem. Fortunately, the OCaml community has already
  built a solid foundation for web development!

  On the frontend side, in 2024, Tarides focused on strengthening key
  tools like [`js_of_ocaml'] by expanding its support for WebAssembly
  (Wasm). `js_of_ocaml' (JSOO) has long been the backbone of OCaml=E2=80=99=
s web
  ecosystem, enabling developers to compile OCaml bytecode into
  JavaScript. This year, we [merged Wasm support back into JSOO],
  unifying the toolchain and simplifying adoption for developers. The
  performance gain of Wasm has been very impressive so far:
  CPU-intensive applications in commercial settings have seen **2x to 8x
  speedups** using Wasm compared to traditional JSOO. We also worked on
  better support for effect handlers in `js_of_ocaml' to ensure
  applications built with OCaml 5 can run as fast in the browser as they
  used to with OCaml 4.

  On the backend side, Tarides maintained and contributed to Dream, a
  lightweight and flexible web framework. Dream powers projects like
  [our own website] and the [MirageOS website], where we maintain a fork
  to make Dream and MirageOS work well together. Additionally, in 2024,
  we enhanced `cohttp', adding [proxy support] to address modern HTTP
  requirements.

  While Tarides focused on JSOO, `wasm_of_ocaml', Dream, and Cohttp, the
  broader community made significant strides elsewhere. Tools like
  Melange offer an alternative for compiling OCaml to JavaScript, and
  frameworks like Ocsigen, which integrates backend and frontend
  programming, continue to push the boundaries of what=E2=80=99s possible w=
ith
  OCaml on the web. Notably, Tarides will build on this momentum in 2025
  through a [grant] to improve direct-style programming for Ocsigen.


  [JavaScript, HTML, and CSS are the most popular technologies]
  

  [`js_of_ocaml'] 

  [merged Wasm support back into JSOO]
  

  [our own website] 

  [MirageOS website] 

  [proxy support] 

  [grant] 


=E2=97=8A Windows

  Windows is the most widely used operating system, making first-class
  support for it critical to OCaml=E2=80=99s growth. In 2024, **31% of visi=
tors
  to [ocaml.org]** accessed the site from Windows, yet the platform=E2=80=
=99s
  support historically lagged behind Linux and macOS. This gap created
  barriers for both newcomers and commercial users. We saw these
  challenges firsthand, with Outreachy interns struggling to get started
  due to tooling issues, and commercial users reporting difficulties
  with workflow reliability and compilation speed.

  To address these pain points, Tarides, in collaboration with the OCaml
  community, launched the [Windows Working Group]. A key milestone that
  our team contributed to was the release this year of **opam 2.2**,
  three years after its predecessor. This release made the upstream
  `opam-repository' fully compatible with Windows for the first time,
  removing the need for a separate repository and providing Windows
  developers access to the same ecosystem as Linux and macOS users. The
  impact has been clear: feedback on the updated installation workflow
  has been overwhelmingly positive, with developers reporting that it
  "just works." The [install page] for Windows is now significantly
  shorter and simpler!

  In the OCaml 5.3 release, Tarides restored the MSVC Windows port,
  ensuring native compatibility and improving performance for Windows
  users. To further support the ecosystem, Tarides added Windows
  machines to the opam infrastructure, enabling automated testing for
  Windows compatibility on every new package submitted to opam. This has
  already started to improve package support, with ongoing fixes from
  Tarides and the community. The results are publicly visible at
  [windows.check.ci.dev], which we run on our infrastructure, providing
  transparency and a way to track progress on the status of our
  ecosystem. While package support is not yet on par with other
  platforms, we believe that the foundations laid in 2024=E2=80=94simplified
  installation, improved tooling, and continuous package
  testing=E2=80=94represent a significant step forward.


  [ocaml.org] 

  [Windows Working Group]
  

  [install page] 

  [windows.check.ci.dev] 


Community Engagement and Outreach
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In 2024, Tarides contributed to building a stronger OCaml community
  through events, internships, and support for foundational
  projects. The creation of [FUN OCaml 2024] in Berlin was the first
  dedicated OCaml-only event for a long time (similar to how the OCaml
  Workshop was separated from ICFP in the past). Over 75 participants
  joined for two days of talks, workshops, and hacking, and the event
  has already reached [5k+ views on YouTube]. Tarides also co-chaired
  the OCaml Workshop at [ICFP 2024] in Milan, bringing together
  contributors from academia, industry, and open-source
  communities. These events brought together two different kinds of
  OCaml developers (with some overlap), bringing an interesting energy
  to our community.

  To expand local community involvement, Tarides organised OCaml hacking
  meetups in [Manila] and [Chennai]. To make it easier for others to
  host similar events, we curated a list of interesting hacking issues
  from past [Cambridge sessions], now available on [GitHub].

  As part of the Outreachy program, Tarides supported two rounds of
  internships in 2024, with results published on [Discuss] and
  [watch.ocaml.org]. These internships not only provided great
  contributions to our ecosystem but also brought fresh insights into
  the challenges faced by new users. For example, interns identified key
  areas where documentation and tooling could be improved, directly
  informing future updates.

  Tarides also maintained its commitment to funding critical open-source
  projects and maintainers. We continued funding [Robur] for their
  maintenance work on MirageOS (most of those libraries are used by many
  =E2=80=93including us=E2=80=93 even in non-MirageOS context) and [Daniel =
B=C3=BCnzli],
  whose libraries like `cmdliner' are essential for some of our
  development.

  Finally, Tarides extended sponsorships to non-OCaml-specific events,
  including [JFLA], [BobConf], [FSTTCS], and [Terminal Feud] (which
  garnered over 100k views). These events expanded OCaml=E2=80=99s visibili=
ty to
  new audiences and contexts, introducing the language to a broader
  technical community that =E2=80=93we hope=E2=80=93 will discover OCaml an=
d enjoy using
  it as much as we do.


[FUN OCaml 2024] 

[5k+ views on YouTube]


[ICFP 2024] 

[Manila]


[Chennai]


[Cambridge sessions]


[GitHub] 

[Discuss] 

[watch.ocaml.org] 

[Robur] 

[Daniel B=C3=BCnzli] 

[JFLA] 

[BobConf] 

[FSTTCS] 

[Terminal Feud] 


What=E2=80=99s Next?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As we begin 2025, Tarides remains committed to making OCaml a
  mainstream language. Our focus this year is to position OCaml as a
  robust choice for mission-critical applications by enhancing developer
  experience, ecosystem integration, and readiness for high-assurance
  use cases.

  We aim to build on the Dune Developer Preview to further improve
  usability across all platforms, with a particular emphasis on Windows,
  to make OCaml more accessible to a broader range of
  developers. Simultaneously, we will ensure OCaml is ready for critical
  applications in industries where reliability, performance, and
  security are essential. Projects like [SpaceOS] showcase the potential
  of memory- and type-safe languages for safety-critical systems. Built
  on MirageOS and OCaml=E2=80=99s unique properties, SpaceOS is part of the
  EU-funded [Orchide] project and aims to set a new standard for edge
  computing in space. Additionally, SpaceOS is being launched in the US
  through our spin-off [Parsimoni]. However, these needs are not limited
  to Space: both the [EU Cyber Resilience Act] and the [US cybersecurity
  initiatives] highlight the growing demand for type-safe,
  high-assurance software to address compliance and security challenges
  in sensitive domains. Tarides believes that OCaml has a decisive role
  to play here in 2025!

  I=E2=80=99d like to personally thank our sponsors and customers, especial=
ly
  Jane Street, for their unwavering support over the years, and to
  [Dennis Dang], our single recurring GitHub sponsor. Finally, to every
  member of Tarides who worked so hard in 2024 to make all of this
  happen: thank you. I=E2=80=99m truly lucky to be sailing with you on this
  journey!

  /We are looking for [sponsors on GitHub], are happy to [collaborate on
  innovative projects] involving OCaml or MirageOS and offer [commercial
  services] for open-source projects =E2=80=93 including long-term support,
  development of new tools, or assistance with porting projects to OCaml
  5 or Windows./


[SpaceOS]


[Orchide] 

[Parsimoni] 

[EU Cyber Resilience Act]


[US cybersecurity initiatives]


[Dennis Dang] 

[sponsors on GitHub] 

[collaborate on innovative projects] 

[commercial services] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Using `clang-cl' With OCaml 5]
  =E2=80=A2 [Florian=E2=80=99s compiler weekly, 13 January 2025]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5.3: Features and Fixes!]
  =E2=80=A2 [Git, Carton and emails]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Using `clang-cl' With OCaml 5]


[Florian=E2=80=99s compiler weekly, 13 January 2025]


[OCaml 5.3: Features and Fixes!]


[Git, Carton and emails]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 14 to 21, 202=
5.

    



    

    OCaml Software Foundation: January 2025 update
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-software-foun=
dation-january-2025-update/15951/1

    

    

    

    gasche announced
    

    

    
Happy new year!

    


    
This is an update on recent works of the O=
Caml Software Foundation, covering our 2024 actions – the previo=
us update was in January 2024.

    


    
The OCaml Software Foundation is a non-profit foundation (earlier threa=
d) that receives funding from our industrial sponsors each year, and tries its best to spend it to s=
upport and strengthen the OCaml ecosystem and community.

    


    
The funding volume we receive each year is around 200K=E2=82=AC. (For compa=
rison: this is the yearly cost of one experienced full-time software engine=
er in many parts of the world.) We do not fund people full-time for long pe=
riods. Most actions receive from 3K=E2=82=AC to 20K=E2=82=AC.  The work to =
prepare and execute actions is mostly done by the (unpaid) Executive Committee. It is currently formed b=
y Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy, Kim Nguy=E1=BB=
=85n, Virgile Prevosto and myself, with administrative personnel provided b=
y INRIA and general assistance by Alan =
Schmitt.

    


    
Our current sponsors (thanks!) are ahrefs, Jane Street, Tezos, Bloomberg, <=
a href=3D"https://lexifi.com/">Lexifi, SimCorp, MERCE =
and Tarides. (If your company would li=
ke to join as a sponsor, please get in touch. Unfortunately, we still cannot efficiently proce=
ss small donations, so we are not calling for individual donations.)

    


    
Feel free to use this thread for questions/suggestions :-)

    

    

    

    Recent actions
    

    

    

      

    • Education and outreach
      

      

      
We funded a new edition of the Spanish summer school on functional programming in OCaml, org=
anized in Saragossa by Ricardo Rodriguez and Roberto Blanco.

      


      
We continued funding the OCaml meetups in Paris and Toulouse, France. In 20=
24, a new meetup started in Chennai, India (first discuss thread), which we are del=
ighted to support as well.

      


      
We are sponsoring the JFLA =
2025, a functional programming conference in France, and an OCaml Bridge Workshop at Functional Conf 2025, a lar=
ge Asian conference on functional programming.

      

      

      • 

    • Research
      

      

      
The OCaml Software Foundation is typically not involved in funding research=
, focusing on actions that have an immediate impact on the language and its=
 community. Nevertheless, in 2023 we funded one year of post-doctoral work =
for Takafumi Saikawa in relation to his maintenance work on the type-checke=
r of OCaml. In 2024 we funded one year of research engineer for the Salto project, building a stat=
ic analyzer for OCaml, and one year of PhD grant for Alistair O'Brien in Cambridge (complementing other fun=
ding sources for a full PhD), continuing his impressive work on constraint-based type inference =
for OCaml.

      

      

      • 

    • Ecosystem
      

        

      • Infrastructure
        

        

        
As in previous years, we fund the work of Kate Deplaix to check that the OC=
aml ecosystem is compatible with upcoming compiler releases; in 2024 Kate w=
orked on OCaml 5.2 and 5.3.

        


        
We are trying our best to support the work of opam-repository maintainers, =
through individual funding grants for the active maintainers. This year, on=
 the suggestion of the repository maintainers, we are also funding the work=
 of Robur to migrate unmaintained packa=
ges to a separate archive (discuss thread 1, thread 2).

        

        

        • 

      • Tools
        

        

        
In 2024 we have funded one month of maintenance of the opam cl=
ient by Raja Boujbel and her colleagues.

        


        
We renewed our partial support for the work of Antonio Monteiro on Melange. For more Melange news, see for=
 example the announcement of Melange 4.

        

        

        • 

      • Libraries
        

        

        
We keep supporting the work of Petter Urkedal on the Caqti library, the main database connec=
tion library in the OCaml community.

        


        
The Owl library for scientif=
ic computing has been restructuring in 2024, with its two maintainers movin=
g to permanent jobs demanding their time and therefore less available. The =
OCaml Software Foundation is providing a small grant to help the maintainer=
s transition to a different contribution model and/or preserve a part of th=
eir maintenance activity, as they think is best.

        


        
We have been funding documentation work by John Whitington to collect or cr=
eate usage examples of important OCaml libraries, prior to their upstreamin=
g in the documentation of each project. See his ocaml-nursery repository.

        


        
We support the contributions of Daniel B=C3=BCnzli to the OCaml ecosystem. =
This year, Daniel used this support to fund the development of

        


          

        • jsont, a new library for declarativ=
e JSON data manipulation
          • 

        • bytesrw, a library of composable by=
te stream readers and writes, with support for various compression and hash=
ing algorithms
          • 

        • support for Unicode 16.0 in his Unicode l=
ibraries
          • 

        


        
Finally, we have been funding Nathan Rebours to take an active part in the =
maintenance of the ppxlib project, see his ppxlib maintenance summary.

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    ppxlib.034.0
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppxlib-034-0/15952/1

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
We're happy to announce that we just released ppxlib.0.34.0.

    


    
The full patch notes are available on the release page over here.

    


    
The main features are OCaml 5.3 compatibility, new AST pretty-printing util=
ities and the ppxlib-tools package, support for [@@deriving ...] on class types and the addition of missing Pprintast entry =
points.

    

    

    

    Changes summary
    

    

    

      

    • 5.3 compatibility
      

      

      
ppxlib.0.34.0 is the first official ppxlib release that's compatible with t=
he new 5.3 compiler.

      


      
The ppxlib driver now also comes with a -keywords CLI option, =
similar to the compiler's that allow you to compile and preprocess with the=
 5.3 compiler code that uses effect as an identifier. This is =
pretty niche but it's there should you need it.

      


      
Please note that means you can use ppx-es with a 5.3 compiler but not that =
ppx-es can consume/produce 5.3 language features. We're currently working o=
n a fix allowing you to use the effect syntax in files that require preproc=
essing as it's not possible with 0.34.0. The fix should be released in the =
next few days as 0.34.1.

      

      

      • 

    • AST pretty-printing
      

      

      
We added a new Pp_ast module that allows you to pretty print A=
ST fragments.

      


      
The only way ppxlib would print ASTs before were as S-expressions. In pract=
ice we found that it was not always helpful and wanted a more readable and =
human friendly way of displaying the AST.

      


      
The default output of those printer is a simplified version of the AST to k=
eep things clear and avoid cluttering the output with information that is n=
ot always useful. For example, if you run Ppxlib.Pp_ast.Default.expre=
ssion on the AST for x + 2, you'll get the following:

      

      

      Pexp_apply
  ( Pexp_ident (Lident "+")
  , [ ( Nolabel<=
/span>, Pexp_ide=
nt (Liden=
t "x"))
    ; ( Nolabel<=
/span>, Pexp_con=
stant (Pc=
onst_integer ( "2", None)))
    ]
  )

      

      

      
The alert reader will note that there are no locations or attributes and th=
at the expression record layer is omitted here.

      


      
You can of course configure the printer to display more information if you =
need to.

      


      
We've been using these new printers internally to debug migration code and =
they have been a huge help so we hope they will make working with ppxlib ea=
sier for you too.

      


      
In addition to this new module, we also added a command line utility called=
 ppxlib-pp-ast to pretty print ASTs from source files, source =
code fragments or even marshalled AST files. It is very similar to the old =
ppx_tools's dumpast.

      


      
Note that it will print ppxlib's internal AST after it's been migrated from=
 the installed compiler's version. This is something that we could not simp=
ly achieve with OCaml's own -dparsetree.

      


      
This should be a useful tool for debugging ppx related bugs or learning abo=
ut the AST and we hope ppx authors and users will like it.

      

      

      • 

    • Other changes
      

      

      
As mentioned above, we also added some missing Pprintast~=C2=B9 entri=
es such as ~binding, longident and payload.

      


      
It is now possible to use [@@deriving ...] on class type decla=
rations and therefore to write derivers for class types.

      


      
=C2=B9: To the confused readers: Pprintast is entire=
ly different from Pp_ast mentioned above as it prints t=
he source code corresponding to a given AST.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Plans for the next release
    

    

    

      

    • Internal AST bump to 5.2
      

      

      
Our next release will bump our internal AST to 5.2. It is a pretty big chan=
ge because 5.2 changed how functions were represented in the AST and this i=
mpacts A LOT of ppx-es.

      


      
@patricoferris has been working very hard on this over the past few months =
to minimize the amount of breakage and to send patches upstream where that =
was not possible to get the rest of the ecosystem ready for the bump.

      


      
We wanted to first release the 5.3 compatibility but now that's out of the =
way we're able to focus on the bump again.

      


      
@patricoferris will create a dedicated thread shortly to explain a bit what=
's been going on and what to expect from this release.

      

      

      • 

    • Drop support for OCaml < 4.08
      

      

      
It is time for us to drop support for very old compilers. Keeping support f=
or OCaml 4.07 and before requires maintenances of quite heavy compatibility=
 layers and prevents us from using some language features in ppxlib's sourc=
e code while providing little to no benefits since the vast majority of use=
rs already upgraded to much more recent compilers.

      


      
If you're still relying on those older compilers and the newest ppxlib, ple=
ase reach out, either here or via a ppxlib issue.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Special thanks
    

    

    
We wanted to thank our external contributors for this release: @hhugo, @noj=
b and @dra27 for their help on the 5.3 compat and @mattiasdrp for bringing =
the Pprintast module up to speed.

    


    
Special thanks as well to @pedrobslisboa who started integrating their exce=
llent ppx-by-ex=
ample into ppxlib's documentation.

    


    
Finally, I'd also like to thank the OCaml Software Foundation who's been fu=
nding all my work on ppxlib and made this release possible!

    


    
Happy preprocessing to you all!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Release of Carton 1.0.0 and Cachet
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-carton-1-0-=
0-and-cachet/15953/1

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I'm delighted to announce the release of Carton 1.0.0 and Cachet (which will be released soon into opam-repositor=
y).

    


    
Carton is a reimplementation of the Git PACK format. A PACK file is what yo=
u can find in your .git/objects/pack in your favourite Git rep=
ository. It contains mainly all your Git objects. This format provides a go=
od compression ratio and the ability to extract objects almost directly. It=
 can be seen as a read-only key-value database =E2=80=94 in effect, modifyi=
ng Git objects is impossible.

    


    
This project is built around the OCaml implementation of Git that we have. =
But the PACK format is also interesting in its own right and outside the Gi=
t concepts.

    


    
The PACK format offers double compression. A zlib compression (proposed by =
decompress) as well as=
 a compression between objects in the form of a binary patch (proposed by <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/mirage/duff">duff).

    


    
So, if the "words" appear quite frequently (like the words used in a progra=
mming language =E2=80=94 if, else, then, etc.), the second level of compres=
sion becomes very interesting where an object (such as a file) is simply a =
succession of patches with other objects.

    

    

    

    Cachet, a library for mmap syscall
    

    

    
Carton and the PACK format very often use syscall mmap. The po=
int is to be able to take advantage of the kernel cache system to read a PA=
CK file. The kernel can read a file in advance when reading a page via mmap. Basically, the kernel anticipates that you might want to get=
 the next page after the one you requested.

    


    
However, in the case of Carton, it is sometimes necessary to =E2=80=98go ba=
ck=E2=80=99, particularly for patched objects whose source is often upstrea=
m.

    


    
Cachet is an intermediate layer for mmap that caches previousl=
y obtained pages. In this way, we take advantage of both the kernel for sub=
sequent pages and our library for previous pages.

    


    
Let's take a concrete example. Carton can analyse a PACK file as git =
verify-pack does. Let's make a comparison with and without Cachet.

    


    +--------------+-------------+----------------+-----------------+
|              | with cachet | without cachet | git verify-pack |
+--------------+-------------+----------------+-----------------+
|         time |       17.8s |          41.8s |            9.3s |
+--------------+-------------+----------------+-----------------+
| cache misses |        936M |          1933M |            246M |
+--------------+-------------+----------------+-----------------+

    


    
As you can see, using Cachet improves Carton's execution time. We're still =
not as competitive as git-verify-pack, but we're getting close!

    


    
Cachet offers to cache previously loaded pages. Its cache system is very ba=
sic and is just a small array whose size is a power of two. Next, we simply=
 reuse the OCaml hash function =E2=80=94 in this respect, it may be worth t=
esting another hash function.

    

    

      

    • Cachet & schedulers
      

      

      
Like most of our projects, Cachet is independent of schedulers. There is th=
erefore a variant with Lwt a=
nd a variant with Miou. =
However, we need to clarify a behaviour related to the use of Cachet. Readi=
ng a file, whether with read(3) or mmap(3P), does=
 not block, but it can take some time.

      


      
As we have already experienced and explained here, it may be necessary to explain to t=
he scheduler whether it is appropriate to do something else after such a sy=
scall. In the case of Lwt, it might be a good idea to insert Lwt.paus=
e just after our syscall so that Lwt gives another service the oppor=
tunity to run despite the time taken trying to read from a file. However, p=
articularly for Lwt, this means closing Cachet in the hell of the monad (in=
 other words, there is no way to escape it) because of this possible =
Lwt.pause (which returns unit Lwt.t).

      


      
The composition of Cachet with Lwt is therefore quite different from what w=
e've been able to experiment with. One of our other articles suggests not using func=
tors (too much), and although we can in fact abstract Lwt.t fr=
om unit Lwt.t (and even reduce it such that type 'a t =
=3D 'a) with the HKP trick, we opted for comp=
osition by hand.

      


      
The problem relates to Lwt (and Async) and doesn't apply to Miou when it's =
possible to raise effects. However, from such a composition, a choice has b=
een made to give Lwt the opportunity to do something else after mmap<=
/code>. We could, in other types of applications, make another choice on th=
is precise question.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Carton
    

    

    
Carton is a library that was originally developed for ocaml-git. It was int=
ernal to the project but we considered that the PACK format's field of appl=
ication could be wider than that of Git. We decided to extract the project =
from ocaml-git and make it a library in its own right. Carton'=
s objective remains fairly rudimentary. It consists of:

    

      

    • extract objects from a PACK file (whether or not these objects are Git =
objects)
      • 

    • generate an *.idx file from a PACK file in order to have q=
uick access to the objects
      • 

    • verifying a PACK file such as git verify-pack does
      • 

    • and finally generate a PACK file from a list of objects
      • 

    


    
Carton is a library and a tool that you can now use on your Git repositorie=
s. Here are a few examples of how to use carton. We'll start b=
y cloning a repository to test Carton and go to the folder containing the P=
ACK file.

    

    $ opam install carton.1.0.0
$ git clone https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml
$ cd ocaml/.git/objects/pack/

    


    
Carton can check a PACK file. Verifying means extracting all the objects in=
 the file from memory and calculating their hash. This command is similar t=
o git verify-pack.

    

    $ carton verify pack-*.pack

    


    
Carton can extract a specific object (commit, tree or blob) from a PACK fil=
e using its associated *.idx file and the object identifier (t=
he hash of the commit, for example).

    

    $ carton get pack-*.idx 89055b054eeec0c6c6b6118d6490b6792da7fef2

    


    
Instead of extracting objects from a PACK file into memory, you can also ex=
tract them as files using explode.

    

    $ mkdir loose
$ carton explode 'loose/%s/%s' pack-*.pack > entries.pack

    


    
Finally, Carton can create a new PACK file from a list of objects stored in=
 files with make. It can also generate the *.idx file associat=
ed with the new PACK file. As we've just re-packaged the objects in the rep=
ository, we should find the same objects.

    

    $ carton make -n $(cat entries.pack | wc -l) -e entries.pack new.pack
$ carton index new.pack
$ carton get new.idx 89055b054eeec0c6c6b6118d6490b6792da7fef2

    


    
Please note that the above actions, applied to ocaml/ocaml, ma=
y take some time due to the history of this project.

    


    
In the example above, we can see the extraction of a Git object, the extrac=
tion of all the objects in a PACK file and the creation of a new PACK file =
based on all the extracted objects.

    


    
As you can see, creating a PACK file can take a long time. However, the adv=
antage of the PACK file lies particularly in obtaining the objects and in t=
he rate of compression of the PACK file:

    


    +--------+-------------+----------+-------+--------------+
|        | pack-*.pack | new.pack | loose | loose.tar.gz |
+--------+-------------+----------+-------+--------------+
|   size |        355M |     648M |  8.3G |         1.8G |
+--------+-------------+----------+-------+--------------+

    


    
The PACK file is primarily designed to provide access to objects according =
to their identifiers. This access must be as fast as possible, even if the =
object is first compressed with decompress and can be compressed in the for=
m of a patch with duff. Here are a few metrics to give you an idea.

    


    +--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
|              | pack-*.pack | new.pack | loose   |
+--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
| git cat-file |     ~ 0.01s |      N/A |     N/A |
+--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
|   carton get |     ~ 0.20s |  ~ 0.30s |         |
+--------------+-------------+----------+---------+
|          cat |         N/A |      N/A | 0.0006s |
+--------------+-------------+----------+---------+

    


    
What's important to note is the ability to have random access to objects si=
mply by having the associated *.idx file, the production of wh=
ich is quite efficient. This is not or hardly the case for compression form=
ats such as GZip. And that's the whole point of PACK files, with an indexin=
g method for almost immediate access to objects according to their identifi=
ers and offering a very good compression ratio.

    


    
NOTE: Carton does not compress the repository as well as Git. The ma=
in reason is that Git has some heuristics relating to Git objects that Cart=
on does not implement - because Carton wishes to be independent of Git conc=
epts. These heuristics apply in particular to the order in which we want to=
 pack objects. In addition, Git prepares the ground so that the antecedents=
 of a blob object (which is a file in your repository), for example, are th=
e old versions of that same blob (and therefore the old versions of your fi=
le).

    


    
In this context, the patch algorithm implemented by duff applies very well and gives very good results.

    


    
For more details on these heuristics, you can read this=
 discussion that serves as documentation.

    

    

      

    • Carton & parallelism
      

      

      
As always, our libraries are independent of schedulers. There is a version =
of Carton with Lwt and a version with Miou.

      


      
Some of the tasks Carton performs, such as indexing, are highly paralleliza=
ble. In this case, the new derivation of Carton with Miou exists to take ad=
vantage of the latter's domain pool.

      


      
It was also quite easy to parallelize the work on carton index=
 and carton verify. Here are some other metrics which, thanks =
to OCaml 5 and Miou, bring us closer to Git performance:

      


      $ hyperfine \
  -n git \
    "git verify-pack pack-03a3a824757ff4c225874557c36d44eefe3d7918.idx" \
  -n carton \
    "carton verify pack-03a3a824757ff4c225874557c36d44eefe3d7918.pack -q --=
threads 4"
Benchmark 1: git
  Time (mean =C2=B1 =CF=83):     329.2 ms =C2=B1   0.9 ms    [User: 384.2 m=
s, System: 27.8 ms]
  Range (min =E2=80=A6 max):   327.7 ms =E2=80=A6 330.9 ms    10 runs
=20
Benchmark 2: carton
  Time (mean =C2=B1 =CF=83):     712.1 ms =C2=B1  10.9 ms    [User: 1111.8 =
ms, System: 1112.6 ms]
  Range (min =E2=80=A6 max):   695.4 ms =E2=80=A6 726.8 ms    10 runs
=20
Summary
  git ran
    2.16 =C2=B1 0.03 times faster than carton

      


      
NOTE: it may come as a surprise that Carton is 2 times slower than G=
it for analysing a PACK file, but it should be noted that almost the entire=
 Carton implementation is in OCaml! At this stage, the idea is more to give=
 you an idea, but we literally find ourselves comparing a Bugatti with a Citro=C3=ABn 2CV.

      

      

      • 

    • Carton & Emails
      

      

      
Finally, this in-depth rewrite of Carton allows us to take advantage of the=
 PACK format for storing our emails.

      


      
In fact, we are experimenting with and developing an email solution within =
our cooperative, and email archiving is one of our objectives. Based on our=
 experience of implementing Git, we thought that the PACK format could be a=
 very interesting format for archiving emails.

      


      
It combines two features, rapid access to emails and compression by patches=
, which are very interesting when it comes to handling emails. Finally, it =
also corresponds more or less to the way we use email:

      

        

      • we don't want to delete them (more often than not, we want to keep them=
 ad vitam aeternam)
        • 

      • and we don't modify them
        • 

      


      
It therefore corresponds to a sort of read-only database. For more details =
on this aspect of Carton and the results of our experiments, I suggest you =
read our recent article on our cooperative's blog.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Opam repository archival, phase 2 - OCaml 4.08 is the lower bo=
und
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opa=
m-repository-arcival-phase-2-ocaml-4-08-is-the-lower-bound/15965/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce below the list of opam packages that will mov=
e to the opam-repository-archive on February 1st 2025. In total there are 5=
855 opam files scheduled for being moved within 1218 unique packages. This =
decreases the size of the opam-repository by roughly 20%.

    


    
Editor note: please follow the post link for the other articles with who=
le list.=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    


    
This list contains all packages that are not compatible with OCaml >=3D =
4.08, and packages that after archiving those are not installable due to mi=
ssing dependencies. The "not installable" list has been generated by archive-opam, and this ma=
y of course contain bugs.

    


    
A smaller list contains a re-run of phase 1 (packages that are available: f=
alse) - where the availability was added between Dec 15th and now.

    


    
If you find a package in the list and you=E2=80=99d like to retain it in th=
e opam-repository, there are some options:

    


      

    • (a) you can install it on your system (opam install): this=
 means there=E2=80=99s a bug in the archive-opam utility, please provide th=
e package name and version in the opam-repository-archive Phase 2 PR, together=
 with your opam version, OCaml version, and operating system;
      • 

    • (b) it is not installable: please figure out the reasoning (the =E2=80=
=9CReasoning=E2=80=9D may help you to find the root issue), and try to fix =
it yourself - if you=E2=80=99re unable to fix the root cause, please also c=
omment in the opam-repository-archive Phase 2 PR with the package name and ver=
sion.
      • 

    


    
If you=E2=80=99ve any questions, please don=E2=80=99t hesitate to ask here =
or on GitHub or via another communication channel.

    


    
You can help further on the archiving process:

    


      

    • as mentioned in the last announcement please add the x-maintenanc=
e-intent to your packages (a good choice for a lot of packages is x-maintenance-intent: [("latest")] if you=E2=80=99re maintaining=
 the latest version only) - this will be considered in Phase 3 (March 1st 2=
025);
      • 

    • if you are the author or maintainer of a package that is no longer usef=
ul or maintained, you can as well mark your opam files in the opam-reposito=
ry with x-maintenance-intent: [("none")] (this will be taken i=
nto account in Phase 3 - March 1st 2025);
      • 

    • if you flagged your preliminary releases with flags: avoid-versio=
n, and they can now be removed (e.g. since a stable version has been=
 released), please open a pull request to replace the avoid-version with deprecated.
      • 

    


    
Please note that the next Phase will be announced on February 15th with all=
 packages where the x-maintenance-intent does not match, and w=
hich do not have any reverse dependencies - archiving is scheduled for Marc=
h 1st.

    


    
To keep track of the announcements, please look at the opam-repository tag.

    


    
A big thanks to the OCaml Software Foundation for funding the opam-reposito=
ry archival project.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ocaml-posix 2.1.0 released!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-posix-2-1-0-released/15974/1

    

    

    

    Romain Beauxis announced
    

    

    
Hi all!

    


    
Version 2.1.0 of ocaml-posix has been released!

    




    
While it was long overdue, this version only include minor changes, along w=
ith the addition of posix-math2.

    


    
These packages are intended to provide a consistent, extensive set of bindi=
ngs for the various POSIX APIs to be used with ocaml-ctypes when building bindings to C librari=
es that require the use of these APIs.

    


    
While working on OCaml projects, it is common to have to interface with API=
s derived from the POSIX specifications, getaddrinfo, un=
ame etc.

    


    
The core OCaml library provides their own version of these APIs but:

    

      

    • They only cover parts of it
      • 

    • They wrap some native types such as socketaddr into custom=
, opaque OCaml types, making it impossible to re-use, for instance when usi=
ng a C library API requiring a POSIX sockaddr.
      • 

    


    
Thus, having a large, consistent set of bindings for these APIs that reflec=
t the actual C types, structures and etc greatly improves the usability of =
the language and ecosystem as a whole by making it possible to interface it=
 with a large set of C libraries in a reusable way.

    


    
The project has been mostly stable for a couple of years (and so have the P=
OSIX standards), but could use some more hands if there is more need in the=
 community to extend the set of POSIX APIs supported by the language.

    

    

    

    

    

    Release of ocaml-eglot 1.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-ocaml-eglot-1-0-0=
/15978/1

    

    

    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone!

    


    
We (at Tarides) are particularly pleased to announce the first release of OCaml-eglot, An overlay on=
 Egl=
ot (the built-in LSP client for Emacs) for =
editing OCaml!

    



    

    

    More precisely
    

    

    
Typically, developers who use Emacs (43.7% in 2022, according to th=
e OCaml User Survey) use a major mode (such as the venerable caml-mode, or tuareg) and Merlin to provide IDE services. In 2016, Microsoft has release=
d LSP, a generic protocol for interacting with editors which, at first, was=
 only used by Visual Studio Code, but, since 2020, has really become the no=
rm. De-facto, following the LSP standard gives very good default (completion, jump to definition, …). OCaml ha=
s excellent LSP (oc=
aml-lsp-server) support, which is used in particular by the OCaml platform for Visual Studio Code.

    


    
With the aim of reducing maintenance for all possible editors, going LSP se=
ems to be a good direction. A pertinent choice, especially since the major =
historical editors (such as Vim and Emacs) offer, in their recent versions,=
 LSP clients out of the box. However, in t=
he same way that the OCaml client for VSCode integrates OCaml-specific features, it was necessary to support these features on the Emacs side (=
and in the future, Vim) to compete with Merlin, which is the goal of =
ocaml-eglot, to provide a tailored development experience for OCa=
ml code editing!

    

    

    

    

    User feedback and future development
    

    

    
We've just released the first version of OCaml-eglot, and, much like the va=
rious editor-related projects (Merlin, Vscode-ocaml-platform, Merlin for Em=
acs, Merlin for Vim), we're more than open to community collaboration, u=
ser feedback, in order to provide the best possible user experience!

    


    
Happy Hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Semgrep is hiring to help scale their static analysis engine

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/job-remote-semgrep-is-hiring-to-help-scale-their-static-analysis-eng=
ine/15982/1

    

    

    

    Emma Jin announced
    

    

    
Semgrep is an application security company focused on detecting and remedia=
ting vulnerabilities. The static analysis engine is primarily written in OC=
aml. We're looking for a software engineer to help us support scanning larg=
er repositories and add many more users. The ideal candidate has owned a cr=
itical tool, worked on an OCaml project, and is interested in static analys=
is.

    


    
If this sounds interesting to you, see our job posting at https://job-boards.gree=
nhouse.io/semgrep/jobs/4589941007! Let me know if you have any question=
s!

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/21

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi Dune enthusiasts :camel:,

    


    
We will hold the regular Dune Dev Meeting on Wednesday, January, 22nd at=
 16:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronize with the Dune developers!

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if y=
ou want to add more items in it.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Tarides: 2024 in Review
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tarides-2024-in-review/15990/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
At Tarides, we believe in making OCaml =
a mainstream programming language by improving its tooling and integration =
with other successful ecosystems. In 2024, we focused our efforts on initia=
tives to advance this vision by addressing key technical challenges and eng=
aging with the community to build a stronger foundation for OCaml=E2=80=99s=
 growth. This report details our work, the rationale behind our choices, an=
d the impact achieved. We are very interested in getting your feedback: please get in touch (or respond t=
o this thread!) if you believe we are going in the right direction.

    


    
TL;DR =
=E2=80=93 In 2024, Tarides focused on removing adoption friction with bette=
r documentation and tools; and on improving adoption via the integration wi=
th three key thriving ecosystems: multicore programming, web development, a=
nd Windows support. Updates to ocaml.org i=
mproved onboarding and documentation, while the Dune Developer Preview simplified workflows with integrate=
d package management. Merlin added support for project-wide reference support and odoc 3, which is about to b=
e released. OCaml 5.3 marked the first stable multicore release, and =
js_of_ocaml achieved up to 8x performance boosts in real-world comme=
rcial applications thanks to added support for WebAssembly. On Windows, opa=
m 2.2 brought full compatibility and CI testing to all Tier 1 platforms on =
opam-repository, slowly moving community packages towards reli=
able and better support for Windows. Tarides=E2=80=99 community support inc=
luded organising the first FUN OCaml con=
ference, many local meetups, and two rounds of Outreachy internships.

    

    

    

    Better Tools: Toward a 1-Click Installation of OCaml<=
/h4>

    

    
Our primary effort in 2024 was to continue delivering on the OCaml Platform roadmap published=
 last year.  We focused on making it easier to get started with OCaml by re=
moving friction in the installation and onboarding process. Our priorities =
were guided by the latest OCSF User Survey, direct user interviews, and <=
a href=3D"https://discuss.ocaml.org/tag/user-feedback">feedback gathere=
d from the OCaml community. Updates from Tarides and other OCaml Platform m=
aintainers were regularly shared in the OCaml Platform Newsletter.

    

    

      

    • OCaml.org
      

      

      
OCaml.org is the main entry point for new users of OCaml. Tarides engineers=
 are key members of the OCaml.org team. Using privacy-preserving analytics, the team tracked visito=
r behaviour to identify key areas for improvement. This led to a redesign o=
f the installation page, simplify=
ing the setup process, and a revamp of the guided tour of OCaml to better introduce the language.=
 Both pages saw significant traffic increases compared to 2023, with the in=
stallation page recording 69k visits, the tour reaching 65k visits and a ve=
ry encouraging total number of visits increasing by +33% between Q3 and Q4 =
2024

      



      

      3D"137aea463013b316=

      

      


      
Efforts to improve user experience included a satisfaction survey where 75%=
 of respondents rated their experience positively, compared to 17% for the =
previous version of the site. User testing sessions with 21 participants pr=
ovided further actionable insights, and these findings informed updates to =
the platform. The redesign of OCaml.org community sections was completed us=
ing this feedback. It introduced several new features: a new Community landing page, an academic institutions page with course listi=
ngs, and an industrial users=
 showcase. The team also implemented an automated event announcement system to inform the community of on=
going activities.

      


      
Progress and updates were regularly shared through the OCaml.org newsletters, keepin=
g the community informed about developments. Looking ahead, the team will c=
ontinue refining the platform by addressing feedback, expanding resources, =
and monitoring impact through analytics to support both new and experienced=
 OCaml users. Lastly, the infrastructure they build is starting to be used =
by other communities: Rocq just an=
nounced their brand new website, built using the same codebase as ocaml.org!

      

      

      • 

    • Dune as the Default Frontend of the OCaml Plat=
form
      

      

      
One of the main goals of the OCaml Platform is to make it easier for users=
=E2=80=94especially newcomers=E2=80=94to adopt OCaml and build projects wit=
h minimal friction. A critical step toward this goal is having a single CLI=
 to serve as the frontend for the entire OCaml development experience (code=
named Bob in the past). This year, we made significant progress in that di=
rection with the release of the Dun=
e Developer Preview.

      


      
Setting up an OCaml project currently requires multiple tools: opam for package management, dune for builds, and additional =
installations for tools like OCamlFormat or Odoc. While powerful, this frag=
mented workflow can make onboarding daunting for new users. The Dune Develo=
per Preview consolidates these steps under a single CLI, making OCaml more =
approachable. With this preview, setting up and building a project is as si=
mple as:

      


        

      1. dune pkg lock to lock the dependencies.
        2. 

      2. dune build to fetch the dependencies and compile the proje=
ct.
        3. 

      


      
This effort is also driving broader ecosystem improvements. The current OCa=
ml compiler relies on fixed installation paths, making it difficult to cach=
e and reuse across environments, so it cannot be shared efficiently between=
 projects. To address this, we are working on making the compiler relocatab=
le (ongoing work). This =
change will enable compiler caching, which means faster project startup tim=
es and fewer rebuilds in CI. As part of this effort, we also maintain p=
atches to core OCaml projects to make them relocatable =E2=80=93 and we wor=
ked with upstream to merge (like for ocamlfind). Tarides engineers also continued to mainta=
in Dune and other key Platform projects, ensuring stability and progress. T=
his included organising and participating in regular development meetings (=
for Dune, opam, =
Merlin, ppxlib, etc.)  to prioritise community needs and align efforts acr=
oss tools like Dune and opam to avoid overlapping functionality.

      


      
The Dune Developer Preview is an iterative experiment. Early user feedback =
has been promising (the Preview=E2=80=99s NPS went from +9 in Q3 2024 to +2=
7 in Q4 2024), and future updates will refine the experience further. We ai=
m to ensure that experimental features in the Preview are upstreamed into s=
table releases once thoroughly tested. For instance, the package management=
 feature is already in Dune 3.17. We will announce and document it more wid=
ely when we believe it is mature enough for broader adoption.

      

      

      • 

    • Editors
      

      

      
In 2024, Tarides focused on improving editor integration to lower barriers =
for new OCaml developers and enhance the experience for existing users. Edi=
tors are the primary way developers interact with programming languages, ma=
king seamless integration essential for adoption. With more than 73% of developers using Visual Studio Code (VS Code), VS Co=
de is particularly important to support, especially for new developers and =
those transitioning to OCaml. As part of this effort, Tarides wrote and mai=
ntained the official VS Code plugin for OCaml, priorit=
ising feature development for this editor. We also support other popular ed=
itors like Emacs and Vim=E2=80=94used by many Tarides engineers=E2=80=94on =
a best-effort basis. Improvements to OCaml-LSP and Merl=
in, both maintained by Tarides, benefit all supported editors, ensuring=
 a consistent and productive development experience.

      



      

      3D"9b63754a94bc853f=

      

      


      
While several plugins for OCaml exist (OCaml and Reason IDE=E2=80=93128k installs, Hackwaly=E2=80=9390k installs), our OCaml VS Code plugin =E2=80=93now with over 208k downloads=
=E2=80=93 is a key entry point for developers adopting OCaml in 2024. This =
year, we added integration with the Dune Developer Preview, allowing users =
to leverage Dune's package management and tooling directly from the editor.=
 Features such as real-time diagnostics, autocompletion, and the ability to=
 fetch dependencies and build projects without leaving VS Code simplify dev=
elopment and make OCaml more accessible for newcomers.

      


      
The standout update in 2024 was the addition of project-wide reference support, a long-requested featu=
re from the OCaml community and a top priority for commercial developers. T=
his feature allows users to locate all occurrences of a term across an enti=
re codebase, making navigation and refactoring significantly easier=E2=80=
=94especially in large projects. Delivering this feature required coordinat=
ed updates across the ecosystem, including changes to the OCaml compiler, M=
erlin, OCaml LSP, Dune, and related tools. The impact is clear: faster navi=
gation, reduced cognitive overhead, and more efficient workflows when worki=
ng with complex projects.

      


      
Additional improvements included support for new Language Server Protocol f=
eatures, such as signature_help and inlay_hint, w=
hich enhance code readability and provide more contextual information. Thes=
e updates enabled the introduction of new commands, such as the "Destruct" =
command. This little-known but powerful feature au=
tomatically expands a variable into a pattern-matching expression correspon=
ding to its inferred type, streamlining tasks that would otherwise be tedio=
us.

      



      

      3D"merlin-destruct-1~kHA8_=

      

      

      

      • 

    • Documentation
      

      

      
Documentation was identified as the number one pain point in the latest OCSF =
survey. It is a critical step in the OCaml developer journey, particula=
rly after setting up the language and editor. Tarides prioritised improving=
 odoc to make it easier for developers to find information, le=
arn the language, and navigate the ecosystem effectively. High-quality docu=
mentation and tools to help developers get "unstuck" are essential to reduc=
ing friction and ensuring a smooth adoption experience.

      


      
Tarides is the primary contributor and maintainer of odoc, OCaml=E2=80=99s main documentati=
on tool. In preparation for the odoc 3 release, our team introduced two significan=
t updates. First, the odoc=
 Search Engine was integrated, allowing developers to search dir=
ectly within OCaml documentation via the Learn page. Second, the =
odoc Cheatsheet provides a concise reference for creating =
and consuming OCaml documentation. We would like to believe that these upda=
tes, deployed on ocaml.org, were the main cause of a 45% increase in =
package documentation usage on h=
ttps://ocaml.org/pkg/ in Q4 2024!

      



      

      3D"a974b30576399d84=

      

      


      
Another area where developers often get stuck is debugging programs that do=
n=E2=80=99t work as expected. Alongside reading documentation, live debugge=
rs are crucial for understanding program issues. Tarides worked to improve =
native debugging for OCaml, focusing on macOS, where LLDB is the only suppo=
rted debugger. Key progress included a name mangling fix to improve symbol resolution, resto=
ring ARM64 backtraces, and introducing Python shims for code sharing betwee=
n LLDB and GDB.

      


      
OCaml=E2=80=99s error messages remain a common pain point, particularly for=
 syntax errors. Unlike Rust=E2=80=99s error index, OCaml does not (yet!) have a=
 centralised repository of error explanations. Instead, we are focused on m=
aking error messages more self-explanatory. This requires developing new to=
ols, such as lrgrep, a domain-specific language for analysing grammars built with Menhi=
r. lrgrep enables concise definitions of error cases, making i=
t possible to identify and address specific patterns in the parser more eff=
ectively. This provides a practical way to improve error messages without r=
equiring changes to the compiler. In December 2024, @let-def successfully d=
efended his PhD (a collaboration between Inria and Tarides) on this topic, =
so expect upstreaming work to start soon.

      

      

      • 

    • OCaml Package Ecosystem
      

      

      
The last piece of friction we aimed to remove in 2024 was ensuring that use=
rs wouldn=E2=80=99t encounter errors when installing a package from the com=
munity. This required catching issues early=E2=80=94before packages are acc=
epted into opam-repository and made available to the broader e=
cosystem. To achieve this, Tarides has built and maintained extensive CI in=
frastructure, developed tools to empower contributors, and guided package a=
uthors to uphold the high quality of the OCaml package ecosystem.

      


      
In 2024, Tarides=E2=80=99 CI infrastructure supported the OCaml community a=
t scale, handling approximately 20 million jobs on 68 machines coveri=
ng 5 hardware architectures. This infrastructure continuously teste=
d packages to ensure compatibility across a variety of platforms and config=
urations, including OCaml=E2=80=99s Tier 1 platforms: x86, ARM, RISC-V, s39=
0x, and Power. It played a critical role during major events, such as new O=
Caml releases, by validating the ecosystem=E2=80=99s readiness and catching=
 regressions before they impacted users. Additionally, this infrastructure =
supported daily submissions to opam-repository, enabling contr=
ibutors to identify and resolve issues early, reducing downstream problems.=
 To improve transparency and accessibility, we introduced a CI pipeline tha=
t automates configuration updates, ensuring seamless deployments and allowi=
ng external contributors to propose and apply changes independently.

      


      
In addition to maintaining the infrastructure, Tarides developed and mainta=
ined the CI framework running on top of it. A major focus in 2024 was makin=
g CI checks available as standalone CLI tools distributed via opam. These tools enable package authors to run checks locally, empowering =
them to catch issues before submitting their packages to opam-reposit=
ory. This approach reduces reliance on central infrastructure and al=
lows developers to work more efficiently. The CLI tools are also compatible=
 with GitHub Actions, allowing contributors to integrate tests into their o=
wn workflows. To complement these efforts, we enhanced opam-repo-ci, which remains an essential safety net for packages entering the repo=
sitory. Integration tests for linting and reverse dependencies were introdu=
ced, enabling more robust regression detection and improving the reliabilit=
y of the ecosystem.

      


      
To uphold the high standards of the OCaml ecosystem, every package submissi=
on to opam-repository is reviewed and validated to ensure it m=
eets quality criteria. This gatekeeping process minimises errors users migh=
t encounter when installing community packages, enhancing trust in the ecos=
ystem. In 2024, Tarides continued to be actively inv=
olved in maintaining the repository, ensuring its smooth operation. We =
also worked to guide new package authors by updating the contributing=
 guide and creating a detailed wiki with actionable instructions for adding and main=
taining packages. These resources were announced on Discuss to reach the community and simplify the p=
rocess for new contributors, improving the overall quality of submissions.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Playing Better with the Larger Ecosystem
    

    

    

      

    • Concurrent & Parallel Programming in OCaml=

      

      

      

      
"Shared-memory multiprocessors have never really =
'taken off', at least in the general public. For large parallel computation=
s, clusters (distributed-memory systems) are the norm. For desktop use, mon=
oprocessors are plenty fast." –  Xavier Leroy, November 200=
2

      

      


      
Twenty+ years after this statement, processors are multicore by default, an=
d OCaml has adapted to this reality. Thanks to the combined efforts of the =
OCaml Labs and Tarides team, the OCaml 5.x series introduced multicore supp=
ort after a decade of research and experime=
ntation. While this was a landmark achievement, the path to making mult=
icore OCaml stable, performant, and user-friendly has required significant =
collaboration and continued work. In 2024, Tarides remained focused on meet=
ing the needs of the broader community and commercial users.

      


      
OCaml 5.3 (released last week) was an important milestone in this journey. =
With companies such as Routine, Hyper, and Asemio adopting OCaml 5.x, and advanced experimentation ongoing at J=
ane Street, Tezos, Semgrep, and others, OCaml 5.3 is increasingly seen as t=
he first =E2=80=9Cstable=E2=80=9D release of the multicore series. While so=
me performance issu=
es remain in specific parts of the runtime, we are working closely with=
 the community to address them in OCaml 5.4. Tarides contributed extensivel=
y to the 5.2 and 5.3 releases by directly contrib=
uting to nearly two-thirds of the merged pull requests. Since=
 Multicore OCaml was incorporated upstream in 2023, we have been continuous=
ly involved in the compiler and language evolution in collaboration with In=
ria and the broader OCaml ecosystem.

      


      
Developing correct concurrent and parallel software is inherently challengi=
ng, and this applies as much to the runtime as to applications built on it.=
 In 2024, we focused on advanced testing tools to help identify and address=
 subtle issues in OCaml=E2=80=99s runtime and libraries. The property-based test suite reached maturity this year, uncovering over 40 critical issues, with 28 =
resolved by Tarides engineers. Trusted to detect subtle bugs, such as is=
sues with orphaned ephemerons, the suite has become an integral part of=
 OCaml=E2=80=99s development workflow. Importantly, it is accessible to con=
tributors without deep expertise in multicore programming, ensuring any cha=
nges in the compiler or the runtime do not introduce subtle concurrency bug=
s.

      



      

      3D"false-alarms-plot-errors-only.png"

      

      


      
Another critical effort was extending ThreadSanitizer (TSAN) support to mos=
t Tier 1 platforms and applying it extensivel=
y to find and fix data races in the runtime. This work has improved the=
 safety and reliability of OCaml=E2=80=99s multicore features and is now pa=
rt of the standard testing process, further ensuring the robustness of the =
runtime.

      


      
Beyond testing, we also worked to enhance library support for multicore pro=
gramming. The release of the Saturn library introd=
uced lock-free data structures tailored for OCaml 5.x. To validate these st=
ructures, we developed DSCheck, a static analyser for verify=
ing lock-free algorithms. These tools, along with Saturn itself, provide de=
velopers with reliable building blocks for scalable multicore applications.

      


      
Another promising development in 2024 was the introduction of the Picos=
 framework. Picos aims to provide a low-level foundation for concurrency, s=
implifying interoperability between libraries like Eio, Moonpool, Miou, Rio=
t, Affect, etc. Picos offers a simple, unopinionated, and safe abstraction =
layer for concurrency. We believe it can potentially standardise concurrenc=
y patterns in OCaml, but we are not there yet. Discussions are underway to =
integrate parts of Picos into higher-level libraries and, eventually, the s=
tandard library. We still have a long way to go, and getting feedback from =
people who actively tried it in production settings would be very helpful!

      

      

      • 

    • Web
      

      

      
Web development remains one of the most visible and impactful domains for p=
rogramming languages; JavaScript, HTML, and CSS are the=
 most popular technologies in 2024. For OCaml to grow, it must integrat=
e well with this ecosystem. Fortunately, the OCaml community has already bu=
ilt a solid foundation for web development!

      


      
On the frontend side, in 2024, Tarides focused on strengthening key tools l=
ike js_of_ocaml by expanding its support for WebAssembly (Wasm). js_of_ocaml=
 (JSOO) has long been the backbone of OCaml=E2=80=99s web ecosystem,=
 enabling developers to compile OCaml bytecode into JavaScript. This year, =
we merged Wasm=
 support back into JSOO, unifying the toolchain and simplifying adoptio=
n for developers. The performance gain of Wasm has been very impressive so =
far: CPU-intensive applications in commercial settings have seen 2x t=
o 8x speedups using Wasm compared to traditional JSOO. We also work=
ed on better support for effect handlers in js_of_ocaml to ens=
ure applications built with OCaml 5 can run as fast in the browser as they =
used to with OCaml 4.

      


      
On the backend side, Tarides maintained and contributed to Dream, a lightwe=
ight and flexible web framework. Dream powers projects like our own website and the MirageOS website, where we maintain a fork to make Dream and Mirage=
OS work well together. Additionally, in 2024, we enhanced cohttp, adding prox=
y support to address modern HTTP requirements.

      


      
While Tarides focused on JSOO, wasm_of_ocaml, Dream, and Cohtt=
p, the broader community made significant strides elsewhere. Tools like Mel=
ange offer an alternative for compiling OCaml to JavaScript, and frameworks=
 like Ocsigen, which integrates backend and frontend programming, continue =
to push the boundaries of what=E2=80=99s possible with OCaml on the web. No=
tably, Tarides will build on this momentum in 2025 through a grant to improve direct-style=
 programming for Ocsigen.

      

      

      • 

    • Windows
      

      

      
Windows is the most widely used operating system, making first-class suppor=
t for it critical to OCaml=E2=80=99s growth. In 2024, 31% of visitors=
 to ocaml.org accessed the site f=
rom Windows, yet the platform=E2=80=99s support historically lagged behind =
Linux and macOS. This gap created barriers for both newcomers and commercia=
l users. We saw these challenges firsthand, with Outreachy interns struggli=
ng to get started due to tooling issues, and commercial users reporting dif=
ficulties with workflow reliability and compilation speed.

      


      
To address these pain points, Tarides, in collaboration with the OCaml comm=
unity, launched the Windows Working Group. A key milest=
one that our team contributed to was the release this year of opam 2.=
2, three years after its predecessor. This release made the upstrea=
m opam-repository fully compatible with Windows for the first =
time, removing the need for a separate repository and providing Windows dev=
elopers access to the same ecosystem as Linux and macOS users. The impact h=
as been clear: feedback on the updated installation workflow has been overw=
helmingly positive, with developers reporting that it "just works." The install page for Windows is now sign=
ificantly shorter and simpler!

      


      
In the OCaml 5.3 release, Tarides restored the MSVC Windows port, ensuring =
native compatibility and improving performance for Windows users. To furthe=
r support the ecosystem, Tarides added Windows machines to the opam infrast=
ructure, enabling automated testing for Windows compatibility on every new =
package submitted to opam. This has already started to improve package supp=
ort, with ongoing fixes from Tarides and the community. The results are pub=
licly visible at windows.check.ci=
.dev, which we run on our infrastructure, providing transparency and a =
way to track progress on the status of our ecosystem. While package support=
 is not yet on par with other platforms, we believe that the foundations la=
id in 2024=E2=80=94simplified installation, improved tooling, and continuou=
s package testing=E2=80=94represent a significant step forward.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Community Engagement and Outreach
    

    

    
In 2024, Tarides contributed to building a stronger OCaml community through=
 events, internships, and support for foundational projects. The creation o=
f FUN OCaml 2024 in Berlin was the f=
irst dedicated OCaml-only event for a long time (similar to how the OCaml W=
orkshop was separated from ICFP in the past). Over 75 participants joined f=
or two days of talks, workshops, and hacking, and the event has already rea=
ched 5=
k+ views on YouTube. Tarides also co-chaired the OCaml Workshop at ICFP 2024 in Milan, bringing togeth=
er contributors from academia, industry, and open-source communities. These=
 events brought together two different kinds of OCaml developers (with some=
 overlap), bringing an interesting energy to our community.

    


    
To expand local community involvement, Tarides organised OCaml hacking meet=
ups in Manila and Chennai. To make it easier for others to =
host similar events, we curated a list of interesting hacking issues from p=
ast Cambridge sessions, now available on GitHub.

    


    
As part of the Outreachy program, Tarides supported two rounds of internshi=
ps in 2024, with results published on Discuss and watch.oc=
aml.org. These internships not only provided great contributions to our=
 ecosystem but also brought fresh insights into the challenges faced by new=
 users. For example, interns identified key areas where documentation and t=
ooling could be improved, directly informing future updates.

    


    
Tarides also maintained its commitment to funding critical open-source proj=
ects and maintainers. We continued funding Robur for their maintenance work on MirageOS=
 (most of those libraries are used by many =E2=80=93including us=E2=80=93 e=
ven in non-MirageOS context) and Daniel B=C3=BCnzli, whose libraries like cmdliner a=
re essential for some of our development.

    


    
Finally, Tarides extended sponsorships to non-OCaml-specific events, includ=
ing JFLA, BobConf, FSTTCS, and Terminal Feud (which garnered over 100k views). These events expande=
d OCaml=E2=80=99s visibility to new audiences and contexts, introducing the=
 language to a broader technical community that =E2=80=93we hope=E2=80=93 w=
ill discover OCaml and enjoy using it as much as we do.

    

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s Next?
    

    

    
As we begin 2025, Tarides remains committed to making OCaml a mainstream la=
nguage. Our focus this year is to position OCaml as a robust choice for mis=
sion-critical applications by enhancing developer experience, ecosystem int=
egration, and readiness for high-assurance use cases.

    


    
We aim to build on the Dune Developer Preview to further improve usability =
across all platforms, with a particular emphasis on Windows, to make OCaml =
more accessible to a broader range of developers. Simultaneously, we will e=
nsure OCaml is ready for critical applications in industries where reliabil=
ity, performance, and security are essential. Projects like SpaceOS showcase the potential of memory- and type-safe languages for safety-crit=
ical systems. Built on MirageOS and OCaml=E2=80=99s unique properties, Spac=
eOS is part of the EU-funded Orch=
ide project and aims to set a new standard for edge computing in space.=
 Additionally, SpaceOS is being launched in the US through our spin-off Parsimoni. However, these needs are not l=
imited to Space: both the EU Cyber Resilience Act and the US cybersecurity initiatives=
 highlight the growing demand for type-safe, high-assurance software to=
 address compliance and security challenges in sensitive domains. Tarides b=
elieves that OCaml has a decisive role to play here in 2025!

    


    
I=E2=80=99d like to personally thank our sponsors and customers, especially=
 Jane Street, for their unwavering support over the years, and to Dennis Dang, our single recurring Gi=
tHub sponsor. Finally, to every member of Tarides who worked so hard in 202=
4 to make all of this happen: thank you. I=E2=80=99m truly lucky to be sail=
ing with you on this journey!

    


    
We are looking for spons=
ors on GitHub, are happy to collaborate on innovative projects involving OCaml or MirageOS and off=
er commercial services for op=
en-source projects =E2=80=93 including long-term support, development of ne=
w tools, or assistance with porting projects to OCaml 5 or Windows.

    

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 28 Jan 2025 14:24:23 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 21 to 28, 202=
5.

    



    

    Google Summer of Code
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/google-summer-of-code/3196/12

    

    

    

    Anton Kochkov announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! If you plan to apply this year for the Google Summer of Code, =
it starts on January 27 and ends on Februrary 11: https:=
//opensource.googleblog.com/2025/01/google-summer-of-code-2025-is-here.html=


    

    

    

    

    

    Merlin and OCaml-LSP support experimental project-wide renamin=
g
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/ann-merlin-and-ocaml-lsp-support-experimental-project-wide-renaming/1600=
8/1

    

    

    

    vds announced
    

    

    
I am delighted to announce that the latest releases of Merlin (5.4.1-=
503) and OCaml-LSP (1.22.0) for OCaml 5.3 provide exper=
imental support for project-wide renaming =
of symbols.=20

    


    
Users of vs=
code-ocaml-platform, ocaml-eglot or any generic LSP client can =
experiment with the new feature right now via the standard Rename feature of their favorite editors. (This is not enabled in the standard=
 Emacs and Vim modes yet.)

    


    
All project-wide features require the indexer to be installed and an up-to date index built wit=
h dune build @ocaml-index --watch (we only ship rules for Dune=
, but the indexer itself is agnostic).

    


    
This is a complex feature in an experimental state, please report any issue=
 you might encounter to =
Merlin's issue tracker.=20

    



    

    3D"a1bf8be427da9f11=

    

    


    
Complete changelog

    

    

    

    merlin 5.4.1
    

    

      

    • merlin binary

        

      • Support for OCaml 5.3
        • 

      • Use new 5.3 features to improve locate behavior in some cases. Merlin no
longer confuses uids from interfaces and implementations. (#1857)
        • 

      • Perform less merges in the indexer (#1881)
        • 

      • Add initial support for project-wide renaming: occurrences can now retu=
rn
all usages of all related definitions. (#1877)
        • 

      • 

    • ocaml-index

        

      • Bump magic number after index file format change (#1886)
        • 

      • 

    • vim plugin

        

      • Added support for search-by-type (#1846)
This is exposed through the existing :MerlinSearch command, th=
at
switches between search-by-type and polarity search depending on the
first character of the query.
        • 

      • 

    

    

    

    

    Ocaml-LSP 1.22.0
    

    

      

    • Enable experimental project-wide renaming of identifiers (#1431)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-lin-and-qcheck-stm-0=
-2/12301/5

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
Version 0.7 of qcheck-lin, qcheck-stm, and =
qcheck-multicoretests-util is now available on the opam repository: =
https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/multicoretests/releases/tag/0.7

    


    
This release contains two contributions from @polytypic, incl. an STM=
 feature to help testing of ~cmd~s that may raise an effect:

    


      

    • =
#509: Change/Fix to use a symmetric barrier to synchronize domains
      • 

    • =
#511: Introduce extended specs to allow wrapping command sequences
      • 

    • =
#517: Add Lin combinators seq_small, ar=
ray_small, and list_small
      • 

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.17
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-17/15770/5

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is releasing Dune 3.17.2! :wrench:=20

    


    
This patch release includes some bug fixes. It mostly brings some fixes for=
 Melange and Wasm_of_ocaml. It also fixes a bug that prevents the experimen=
tal feature, package management, to build with ocaml.5.3.0.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Fix a crash in the Melange rules that would prevent compiling public li=
brary implementations of virtual libraries. (@amonteiro, #11248)

          

        • Pass melange.emit's compile_flags to the JS e=
mission phase. (@amonteiro, #11252)
          • 

        • 

      • Disallow private implementations of public virtual libs in melang=
e mode. (@amonteiro, #11253)
        • 

      • Wasm_of_ocaml: fix the execution of tests in a sandbox.  (#11304, @voui=
llon)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Odoc 3 Beta Release
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-odoc-3-beta-release/16043/1

    

    

    

    Jon Ludlam announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the odoc team, I'm thrilled the announce the release of odoc 3=
.0.0 beta 1!

    


    
This release has been cooking for a long time - it's been more than a year =
since odoc 2.4 landed, and a huge amount of work has gone into this. Thanks=
 to the many others who contributed, either by code or by comments: @juloo,=
 @panglesd, @EmileTrotignon, @gpetiot, @trefis, @sabine, @dbuenzli, @yawara=
min, and more.

    


    
With this release we're including a driver that knows how to use all of the=
 exciting new features of odoc. This driver has been used to create the docs site for the various odoc tools=
.

    


    
Here are a selected set of features:

    


      

    • :droplet: Rendered source! Jump from any item in the documentation stra=
ight to its rendered source; no matter how much of OCaml's complex module s=
ystem you are using.
      • 

    • :mag: Search by type! Our detective sherlodoc will find your lost value=
 given its type.
      • 

    • :warning: Convenient warnings! Warnings are now clearly visible and use=
ful, no longer buried among your dependencies=E2=80=99 warnings.
      • 

    • :arrow_heading_up: Self host your documentation, but link to ocaml.or=
g for your dependencies.
      • 

    • :100: More sidebars! Odoc 3 features a global sidebar, allowing =
you to discover the most hidden corner of underground documentation.
      • 

    • :exploding_head: Image support! This cutting-edge feature now allows yo=
u to add images to your documentation. Video and audio come for free.

    • :spider_web: Fully cross-package links! The OCaml doc=
s are now a true spider web. Prepare to catch bugs, and eat them.
      • 

    • :cop: Hierarchical documentation pages! We use a modular language. We d=
on't want a flat namespace for pages.
      • 

    • :building_construction: The build dependencies are friendlier with incr=
emental build systems, allowing better shared build caches.
      • 

    • :heart: Quality of life improvements! Many  improvements have been pili=
ng up since we started odoc 3. For instance: Add clock emoji before @=
since tag (@yawaramin, #1089)!
      • 

    


    
More explanation of these features is available at the odoc site, where we =
have documentation for authors, for users of odoc_driver, a cheatsheet, and differen=
ces from ocamldoc.

    

    

    

    How can you help?
    

    

    
We need your feedback, both as authors and as users of documentation! Try t=
hings out using the new driver:

    


    $ opam install odoc-driver    # don't forget to ~opam update~
$ odoc_driver <package list>  # For instance: ~$ odoc_driver brr odoc~
$ $YOUR_BROWSER _html/index.html

    


    
Many of those features' implementations are not set in stone, but first ver=
sions. Please leave comments, either in this thread or as issues in the rep=
ository.

    


    
So, navigate already written documentation, and update your own docs to use=
 the new features!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    2024 at OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/2024-at-ocamlpro/16046/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
2024 at OCamlPro

    


    
At OCamlPro, we like to solve issues that have an impact in the real world,=
 so we focus most of our efforts on projects that our customers bring from =
their domains. We often like to work in the shadows, focusing on the hardes=
t tasks. Fabrice, OCamlPro=E2=80=99s founder, used to say that we are the C=
ommandos of OCaml (and now of Rust too), a team of highly skilled professio=
nals jumping into the most demanding projects. That ability was illustrated=
 several times in the past, from the birth of Opam, the development of the =
Flambda compilers for Jane Street, the design and development of the Tezos =
prototype and ICO platform, to the adventurous extension of the GnuCOBOL op=
en-source compiler for French DGFiP, even the port of Flow and Hack to Wind=
ows for Meta. Of course, we are always happy to be entrusted with more comm=
on projects and tasks also, building a team and training the talents requir=
ed to master all tasks, from the simplest to the hardest ones. And the hard=
est ones are often hidden in the middle of the simplest ones, too.

    


    
The OCaml language is the greatest tool at hand to fulfil our missions, and=
 we try to contribute back to the OCaml ecosystem when possible. We are alw=
ays attracted to issues met by OCaml industrial users, as it gives us the o=
pportunity to directly work for the OCaml community. Would you be having su=
ch issues, do not hesitate to contact us and discuss what we can do for you!

    


    
The beginning of a new year is always a good time to look back at the previ=
ous year, and see what we have achieved with OCaml, and sometimes for OCaml=
, in 2024.

    

    

    

    Contributions to the OCaml ecosystem
    

    

    

      

    • Sharing Knowledge
      

      

      
In 2024, we made efforts to dedicate more time to write blog posts to share=
 our knowledge on the OCaml tools we work on, so that OCaml developers can =
use this knowledge in their daily tasks. We wrote a series of articles on m=
astering Opam from the ground up ( Opam 101: The First Steps, Opam=
 102: Pinning Packages), on the internals of the Flambda2 compiler ( B=
ehind the Scenes of the OCaml Optimising Compiler Flambda2: Introduction an=
d Roadmap, Flambda2 Ep. 2: Loopifying Tail-Recursive Functions, F=
lambda2 Ep. 3: Speculative Inlining ) and one on OCaml backtraces ( OCaml Backtraces on Uncaught Exceptions ). More are comin=
g!

      


      
Of course, if you are not patient enough to wait for our next articles, you=
 may register for one of our trai=
nings , we have OCaml Beginner , OCaml Expert , Ma=
stering Opam , OCaml Code Optimization and we can build ne=
w ones on demand. To be honest, in 2024, we received many more requests for=
 our sessions on Rust (Beginner, Expert and Embedded) than for OCaml, but m=
ore for OCaml ones than for COBOL ones =F0=9F=99=82

      

      

      • 

    • Opam, Maintenance and Evolution
      

      

      
Since we created Opam in 2012, we have always had at least one full time en=
gineer in the Opam team, to maintain it, add new features and review contri=
butions by other members. This was made possible thanks to a partnership wi=
th Jane Street, and, since 2024, to a partnership with Tarides.

      


      
In 2024, opam had two major releases, opam 2.3.0 release! and opam 2.2.0 rele=
ase! . The most ground-breaking change is the official native suppor=
t for Windows, with access to either mingw-w64 gcc compilers or Visual =
Studio MSVC compilers with automatic detection. This native support is trem=
endous news for OCaml adoption in general, and it was built thanks to a lot=
 of work from all the community, especially on the opam-repository and pack=
ages. An interesting next step to consider for OCaml on Windows would be to=
 have a single OCaml toolchain for all Windows compilers, using an integrat=
ed assembler for x86/x64 with elf/coff support, something that we had imple=
mented and tested in OcpWin a long time ago.

      


      
Among many fixes and updates, there is the addition of opam tree <packag=
e> to get a nice display of the dependencies of an installed package, opam pin =E2=80=93recursive to look deeper into sub-directories =
when searching for opam files and many more small improvements. Check the b=
log posts for more details !

      

      

      • 

    • Work on the OCaml Compiler
      

      

      
We have had a long partnership with Jane Street to improve the performance =
of the code generated by the OCaml compiler. The first outcome of this work=
 was the Flambda backend, which was merged into OCaml 4.03 in 2016. Since t=
hen, we have started a new backend, Flambda2 , that is included in the Jane Street OC=
aml compiler.

      


      
In 2024, our team focused its efforts on several new optimizations, like ma=
tch in match (simplify pattern-matching appearing in another pattern-matchi=
ng after inlining), unbox free vars of closures (shortcut chains of pointer=
s stored in closures) or the reaper (do not allocate unused fields of block=
s). Such optimizations are often much more complex than you would think, as=
 guaranteeing that they can be applied safely is not obvious, requiring esc=
ape analysis and other checks. We were also very active at helping the comp=
iler team at Jane Street by reviewing their code and adapting our backend t=
o their needs. If you are interested in this subject, read our blog series =
on the topic that was mentioned earlier.

      


      
In 2024, we also had an intern working on modular explicits, an exte=
nsion of OCaml first-class modules with module-dependent functions, functio=
ns taking first-class modules as arguments. This work can be seen as a firs=
t step towards modular implicits, and was presented at the OCaml workshop with Didier R=C3=A9my. The=
 main pull-request is still under review, while other smaller ones have already been merged,=
 leading to interesting extensions inside the compiler such as new forms of=
 dependent types.

      

      

      • 

    • Optimizing Geneweb, a Webserver for Genealogy<=
br />

      

      
Last year, we also started working on Geneweb, a webserver in OCaml that is used to store family tr=
ees by genealogists. Geneweb is a very old piece of OCaml, initially writte=
n around 1996 by Daniel De Rauglaudre at Inria. It is used both by Geneanet , a genealogy com=
pany recently acquired by Ancestry, and the Roglo association, a French association that adm=
inistrates a single family tree of more than 10 million persons. One of the=
 issues faced by the Roglo association was that their branch of the softwar=
e had diverged from the official one maintained by Geneanet, as Roglo had t=
o use specific features on their branch to cope with the huge size of their=
 unique family tree. We helped them by optimizing the official branch, so t=
hat it could host the tree while providing the same latencies for requests =
as before. It required optimizing the representation of stored data (both i=
n OCaml and on disk), how it was accessed through system calls, and a good =
understanding of the complex algorithms used by Geneweb, typically to trave=
rse family members using various relationships.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Contributions to other languages
    

    

    

      

    • Compiling to Wasm and Wasm Symbolic Execution<=
br />

      

      
Since 2021, OCamlPro has actively contributed to the W3C's efforts on bring=
ing a dedicated Garbage Collector to WebAssembly - an essential feature tha=
t has now become reality with the increased use of Wasm (See How Prime Video updates its app for more than 8,000 dev=
ice types or Introducing the D=
isney+ Application Development Kit (ADK) ).

      


      
Our work ensured the official WasmGC proposal remained fully compatible with the needs of OCaml.
Crucial to this success was Wasocaml, our Flambda-based backend targeting WebAssembly, which help=
ed drive the proposal's release and subsequent implementation in 2023 acros=
s all major browsers.

      


      
One of our biggest contributors to this work, L=C3=A9o Andr=C3=A8s defended his PhD at the end of 2024. The=
 topic was about compiling OCaml to Wasm but also about another tool named Owi, developed in close col=
laboration with the University of Lisboa. Originally developed as a "Wasm S=
wissknife", Owi has evolved into a multi-core, multi-solver, cross-language=
 symbolic engine. Its capabilities include:

      

        

      • automated, sound, and partially-correct bug-finding (amounting to a pro=
of);
        • 

      • solver-aided programming (think of Rosette for Rocket, but for any lang=
uage);
        • 

      • efficient test-case generation.
        • 

      


      
Looking ahead, we are excited to combine Wasocaml and Owi, aiming to per=
form symbolic execution of OCaml programs, and even those with substant=
ial C components! We've already applied these techniques successfully to Ru=
st, uncovering a subtle bug in the Rust standard library. If you want to know more about=
 it, have a look at our journa=
l article.

      


      
Some of this work was funded by NGI/NLnet.

      

      

      • 

    • From Niagara to Kopek, a foot in the Cinema in=
dustry
      

      

      
2024 was also a new adventure in entrepreneurship for OCamlPro. In 2023, we=
 won a grant from the CNC, the French Center f=
or the Cinema industry, to work with Antoine Devulder and Denis M=C3=A9rigo=
ux on the design of a DSL for movie producers. Indeed, distributing =
earnings is one of the most complex tasks that a producer must do after a m=
ovie is released, mostly because of the complexity of contracts. So we desi=
gned a DSL, initially called Niagara, that is close enough to contracts to =
be simple to write, and automatically computes the exact distribution of ea=
rnings during the entire life of the movie.

      


      
In 2024, we decided to create the Kopek  compa=
ny with Antoine and Denis, to commercialize this product. The DSL itsel=
f is hidden behind a no-code interface that makes all interactions with the=
 software easy and intuitive for producers, and the tool can deal with comp=
lex contracts that no other software on the market can deal with. For Frenc=
h speakers, the tool was recently presented at a CNC event .

      

      

      • 

    • SuperBOL, a powerful LSP for COBOL and Visual =
Studio Code
      

      

      
For a few years now, OCamlPro has been invo=
lved in the COBOL ecosystem, mostly to help the French tax administrati=
on to deal with the migration of COBOL code from legacy systems (GCOS mainf=
rames from the 80s) to Cloud-based platforms. Most of our work was to exten=
d the free open-source GnuCOBO=
L compiler for the needs of the application. Moreover, we spent some ti=
me creating an OCaml framework for COBOL to better understand this p=
rogramming language. We released a large part of this work as an open-sourc=
e extension for Visual Studio Code called SuperBOL Studio OSS. Backed by our powerful =
LSP server, this extension empowers its users with all the features that de=
velopers expect from a modern editor for editing and navigating COBOL code.

      


      
In 2024, we improved the parser to support a larger part of the COBOL langu=
age, we added a powerful indentor of code, powerful code completion feature=
s derived directly from the COBOL grammar (using the recently added feature=
s in Menhir), as well as various ways to display the control-flow graph of =
programs ; the latter being particularly useful when your job is to navigat=
e and modify code written many decades ago. We built an entire CI/CD system=
 for SuperBOL that automatically releases cross-compiled, statically linked=
 binaries for Linux, Windows and MacOS.

      

      

      • 

    • Mlang used at the DGFiP
      

      

      
We have also been involved for some time now in the adaptation of the Mlang compiler to replace the=
 deprecated tooling of the DGFiP (French Public Finances Directorate) to co=
mpute the French Income Tax.

      


      
2024 was an important milestone for the project, as Mlang was used for the =
first time in production. It means that we were able to compute the =
exact same results, with comparable performance. Moreover, as the former co=
mpiler used to suffer from overflows that require manual inspections and re=
-evaluations, the new compiler already provides benefits for DGFiP. We are =
now involved in improving Mlang to handle multi-year computations, somethin=
g that used to be performed using hardly maintainable boilerplate in C, and=
 in improving the general environment around the compiler, with CI/CD and c=
ode-navigation tools.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Formal methods
    

    

    

      

    • The Alt-Ergo SMT Solver
      

      

      
OCamlPro has been developing the Alt-Ergo SMT solver since 2011. Alt-Ergo is usually used behind code v=
erification frameworks such as Why3 ,=
 Frama-C , TIS Analyzer or Adacore Spark , we maintain a close relati=
onship with its industrial users through the Alt-Ergo Users=E2=80=99 Club who have access to the m=
ost recent features ahead of time. Current members are Adacore , T=
rust in Soft , Thales , MERCE and CEA List<=
/a> .

      


      
In 2024, we released a brand new version, Alt-Ergo 2.6 . The highlights =
are a better support for bit-vectors, model generation for algebraic data t=
ypes, optimization of (maximize) and (minimize), FPA support, and many othe=
r features and bug fixes. Part of this work was also funded by the Decysif collaborative project where we try =
to improve Alt-Ergo for use with the Creusot Rust Verifier .

      

      

      • 

    • EAL6+ Certification
      

      

      
In 2024, we have again been involved in a high level software certification=
 process (Common Cri=
teria EAL6+ ) where we successfully proved our capacity to formalize se=
curity policies on low level code for very important customers, using the C=
oq proof assistant.

      

      

      • 

    • Taming Test Generators for C with SeaCoral
      

      

      
Writing unit tests is a very good practice, particularly when using a weakl=
y-typed language like C. Yet, it is also a cumbersome task, especially when=
 the goal is to reach 100% coverage of the code. Fortunately, part of this =
task can be automated by test generation tools, based on fuzzing, symbolic =
execution, and other code analysis techniques. Each of these techniques has=
 its own strengths and weaknesses (in terms of performance, number of gener=
ated tests, or targeted coverage criteria), so much so that it often become=
s necessary to combine them in order to achieve good results on realistic s=
ource code. Moreover, these tools are often hard to understand and configur=
e properly for a project.

      


      
In 2024, following previous experimentations (see =E2=80=9CAn Efficient Black-Box Suppo=
rt of Advanced Coverage Criteria for Klee=E2=80=9D ), we started workin=
g on Seacoral, a tool that automates the generation of unit tests for C<=
/b>. Seacoral relies on a unified definition of coverage criteria that is b=
ased on the notion of coverage labels, and is able to leverage the abilitie=
s of many existing test generation techniques by carefully orchestrating th=
e tools to achieve high coverage with as few tests as possible. Seacoral le=
verages FramaC/LTest https://www.frama-c.com/fc-plugins/ltest.html to automatically anno=
tate the code with coverage labels. It currently supports libfuzzer , Klee, and CBMC . Se=
acoral can also detect unreachable code using LUncov, and reports potential runtime errors.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    A long time ago
    

    

    
If you have never heard of OCamlPro, here are a few examples of projects th=
at we contributed to the OCaml ecosystem, since the creation of OCamlPro in=
 2011.

    


      

    • opam (*): probably the most powerful package manager in te=
rms of constraints optimization, thanks to the work on CUDF by Roberto Di C=
osmo's team. Now the official package manager of OCaml.
      • 

    • flambda1 and flambda2 (*): a backend for the =
native compiler with multiple additionnal optimization passes. Flambda1 was=
  merged into the official OCaml compiler, while Flambda2 is integrated in =
the Jane Street OCaml compiler.
      • 

    • ocp-indent (*): a tool to automatically indent OCaml code =
in editors, with modes for Emacs, Vi, Vscode, etc. with per-project configu=
ration. A must-use for collaborative edition instead of ocamlformat.
      • 

    • ocp-index (*): a tool to lookup types and definitions in a=
n OCaml project, with modes for Emacs, Vi, etc. based on cmt files.
      • 

    • ocp-memprof: the most powerful memory profiler for OCaml t=
o ever exist. With almost no impact on runtime performance, it was able to =
dump compressed memory dumps of the OCaml heap with full type information.<=
/li>

    • ocp-build : the first composable build tool for OCaml befo=
re dune, it was able to build any OCaml project with full parallelism. It s=
upported additional languages to build cross-language projects.
      • 

    • ocp-win : a full OCaml distribution for Windows, coming wi=
th a simple graphical installer. Its compiler could be configured to target=
 any Windows C toolchain, such as MinGW, MSVC or Cygwin, and environment, s=
uch as Msys, Cygwin and Windows shells, thanks to the use of an integrated =
x86/64 and elf/coff assembler in OCaml.
      • 

    


    
(*) thanks to funding by Jane Street

    

    

    

    

    Your Project, our Expertise
    

    

    
If you're looking to leverage the power and flexibility of OCaml for your p=
rojects, we=E2=80=99d love to collaborate with you. At OCamlPro, we bring y=
ears of expertise, innovation, and a deep commitment to enhancing the OCaml=
 ecosystem. Whether you need support with custom development, performance o=
ptimization, tooling, or anything in between, we are here to help.

    


    
Let's build something great together=E2=80=94reach out to us today to discu=
ss your project!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 04 Feb 2025 13:05:29 +0100
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 04 to 11, 20=
25.

    

    

    

    ocamlmig, a tool to rewrite ocaml code, and complement [=
@@deprecated]
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/ann-ocamlmig-a-tool-to-rewrite-ocaml-code-and-complement-deprecated/1609=
0/1

    

    

    

    v-gb announced
    

    

    
Hi,

    


    
I'm glad to announce ocamlmig, a command line tool for rewriting ocaml sour=
ce code with access to scope and type information.

    


    
As the simplest example of what it's intended for, let's say an opam-instal=
led library A provides this interface:

    


    

    val new_name : int ->=
 int

val old_name : int -> int
[@@migrate { repl =3D Rel.new_name }]

    

    


    
and your repository contains a file b.ml:

    


    

    let _ =3D A.old_name 1

    

    


    
then you could run:

    


    $ git diff b.ml
$ ocamlmig migrate -w
$ git diff b.ml
-let _ =3D A.old_name 1
+let _ =3D A.new_name 1

    


    
Obviously, it's not limited to renames.

    


    
When I meant by "complement [@@deprecated]" is that instead of=
 providing a textual description [@@deprecated "please use this thing=
 instead" ] , you get to provide an executable description. The goal=
 is to reduce the friction when the interface of a library evolves. If peop=
le get in the habit of running this regularly (after every opam upgra=
de~/~dune pkg lock, say), then it could also be a way to get users t=
o switch to new interfaces without having to deprecate the old interfaces i=
mmediately.

    


    
Additionally, using that and a couple of other builtin transformations like=
 removing ~open~s, you can execute some refactorings, without learning anyt=
hing like ppxlib or the ocaml ast, for instance:

    




    
If that piqued your interest, here is more information about what ocamlmig does=
, and u=
sing it.

    


    
This is decidedly work in progress, many things are not fully implemented, =
and it needs a lot of polish, but the existing functionality as is should s=
till be interesting.

    

    

    

    

    

    Mopsa 1.1 – Modular Open Platform for Static Analysis

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mopsa=
-1-1-modular-open-platform-for-static-analysis/16095/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Monat announced
    

    

    
Dear all,

    


    
On behalf of all its developers, I am glad to announce the release of Mopsa v1.1! You can jus=
t opam install mopsa .

    


    
What is Mopsa? Mopsa stands for Modular and Open Platform for Static=
 Analysis. It aims at easing the development and use of static analyzers. M=
ore specifically, Mopsa is a generic framework for building sound static an=
alyzer based on the theory of abstract interpretation. Mopsa is independent=
 of language and abstraction choices. Developers are free to add arbitrary =
abstractions (numeric, pointer, memory, etc.) and syntax iterators for new =
languages. Mopsa encourages the development of independent abstractions whi=
ch can cooperate or be combined to improve precision.

    


    
v1.1 changes. This new version brings several expressivity, precisio=
n and interface improvements, notably:

    




    
Here is the detailed changelog.

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 11 to 18,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Learn Programming with OCaml (new book)
Ocsigen's 2024 recap
OCaml GADTs for Authentication Tokens
OCaml language committe launched
Dune dev meeting
Asking For Community Feedback on the OCaml Platform Communications
Old CWN


Learn Programming with OCaml (new book)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jean Christophe Filliatre announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear OCaml community,

  A long time ago, Sylvain and I wrote a French book on [learning
  programming with OCaml].  Recently, the OCaml Software Foundation
  funded its translation to English. The book is available here:

  [Learn Programming with OCaml]

  Many thanks to [Urmila] for a translation of high quality.

  The book is available as a PDF file, under the [CC-BY-SA license]. The
  source code for the various programs contained in the book are
  available for download, under the same license.

  The book is structured in two parts.  The first part is a
  tutorial-like introduction to OCaml through 14 small programs,
  covering many aspects of the language.  The second part focuses on
  fundamental algorithmic concepts, with data structures and algorithms
  implemented in OCaml. This is also a nice way to learn a language!

  The book does not cover all aspects of OCaml.  It is ideally
  complemented by [other books on OCaml].


[learning programming with OCaml]


[Learn Programming with OCaml] 

[Urmila] 

[CC-BY-SA license]


[other books on OCaml] 


Ocsigen's 2024 recap
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


William Caldwell announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hi all!

  2024 was a busy year for the Ocsigen ecosystem, in case you missed any
  of it, here are the important highlights:

  wasm_of_ocaml has been merged in its parent project js_of_ocaml,
  making your Ocsigen projects that much closer to being served as WASM
  instead of JavaScript. In the meantime you can build your own WASM by
  using wasm_of_ocaml to get a taste of the future.

  Major work has been undertaken on Ocsigen:

  =E2=80=A2 Ocsigen Server 6
  =E2=80=A2 Eliom 11
  =E2=80=A2 Ocsigen Start 7

  Ocsigen server no longer needs a configuration file to start your
  project, you can instead start Ocsigen server in your project and
  handle the configuration yourself.  If you're eager to
  `Ocsigen_server.start ...' you can learn more in the following
  announcements:

  =E2=80=A2 [ocsigen server 6]
  =E2=80=A2 [Eliom 11 and Osigen Start 7]

  Ready for 2025? We certainly are!  Our efforts to make the Ocsigen
  ecosystem more modular are ongoing: next on the list is ocsigen-i18n,
  making easier to pick and choose what bits of Ocsigen you want to
  include in your project, and allowing to use it for any OCaml
  application.  The biggest evolution of the Ocsigen project is underway
  & soon to be announced, and that's not even including wasm\_of\_ocaml.
  Also keep an eye out for our public meeting announcements in which we
  discuss our current tasks, ask for public feedback, and answer
  whatever Ocsigen related questions you might have.


[ocsigen server 6]


[Eliom 11 and Osigen Start 7]



OCaml GADTs for Authentication Tokens
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Maxim Grankin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone! =F0=9F=91=8B

  My name is Max, I've been using OCaml for a while during my years at
  Bloomberg and at some moment decided to dig a little bit into GADTs. I
  found couple of use cases for them and decided to write down one in
  detail:

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml GADTs for Authentication Tokens]

  I hope it would help newcomers to find application for GADTs in their
  projects.

  Huge thanks to @chshersh for reviewing this blog post!

  Enjoy and let me know what you think in the comments!


[OCaml GADTs for Authentication Tokens]



OCaml language committe launched
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce the launch of the OCaml language
  committee. This committee is intended as collegial instance with the
  aim to facilitate discussions and consensus making about the evolution
  of the OCaml language and its standard library.

  Over the years, it has become a common shared grievance among both
  maintainers and contributors to the OCaml language that, sometimes,
  the review process for changes grinds to a halt, either because
  consensus is elusive or because no one feels empowered enough to take
  a decision single-handed.

  In order to reduce the number of those instances of decision
  paralysis, the OCaml maintainers have decided to experiment with an
  OCaml language committee: [a subgroup of the OCaml community]
  organised to discuss evolution of the OCaml language in a timely
  fashion.

  In practice, if someone feels that a contribution (a Pull Request,
  issue, Request For Comment) might be stuck or might benefit from a
  wider discussion, they may ask the committee to take the contribution
  under consideration by mentioning it to the committee chair (which is
  currently me, aka @Octachron on github).

  Then the committee will deliberate on this contribution both on the
  [archived] public mailing list `ocaml-language-committee@inria.fr' for
  internal committee discussion [^1] and possibly on the relevant
  community channels ([ocaml/ocaml] or [here on discuss]). At the end of
  this collegial discussion, the committee will publish a consultative
  decision on the matter. We expect that having such a collegial
  consultative decision would be enough to unblock most situations.

  For more details, the intended working of the committee is described
  at  .

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml Language Committee

  [^1]: Anyone is welcome to subscribe to the mailing list to attend to
  the discussions, but please do not flood the mailing list so that we
  can keep it fully open.


[a subgroup of the OCaml community]


[archived] 

[ocaml/ocaml] 

[here on discuss] 


Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


art-w announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello! The next Dune Dev Meeting will be on *Wednesday, February, 19th
  at 4pm CET* for an hour long discussion.

  Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or
  just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened!
  The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the
  ongoing work together and synchronize with the Dune developers.

  The agenda is available on the [meeting dedicated page]. Feel free to
  add more items in it.

  =E2=80=A2 Meeting link: [zoom]
  =E2=80=A2 Calendar event: [google calendar]
  =E2=80=A2 Wiki with informations and previous notes: [dune wiki on github]


[meeting dedicated page]


[zoom]


[google calendar]


[dune wiki on github] 


Asking For Community Feedback on the OCaml Platform Communications
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi all,

  I'm looking for feedback on the OCaml Platform communications,
  especially the Platform Newsletter and the [OCaml.org] Changelog.

  For this, I have prepared a Google form survey (you can send me your
  responses by email if you prefer):

  

  The survey aims to improve both the *process* and the *usefulness* of
  the *OCaml Platform communications* and to help me create a handbook
  that gives a clear picture of all our developer-focused communication
  channels, as well as how the *new Developer Advocate role* at Tarides
  can support the maintainers in these communications.

  A major aim of this effort is to *adapt the process* around the
  communications to minimize the amount of friction imposed on engineers
  and to maximize the *usefulness to the readers*.

  Thanks for your help!


[OCaml.org] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 11 to 18, 20=
25.

    



    

    Learn Programming with OCaml (new book)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/learn-programming-with-ocam=
l-new-book/16111/1

    

    

    

    Jean Christophe Filliatre announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml community,

    


    
A long time ago, Sylvain and I wrote a French book on learning programming with OCaml. =
 Recently, the OCaml Software Foundation funded its translation to English.=
 The book is available here:

    


    
Learn Programming with OCaml

    


    
Many thanks to Urmila =
for a translation of high quality.

    


    
The book is available as a PDF file, under the CC-BY-SA license. The source cod=
e for the various programs contained in the book are available for download=
, under the same license.

    


    
The book is structured in two parts.  The first part is a tutorial-like int=
roduction to OCaml through 14 small programs, covering many aspects of the =
language.  The second part focuses on fundamental algorithmic concepts, wit=
h data structures and algorithms implemented in OCaml. This is also a nice =
way to learn a language!

    


    
The book does not cover all aspects of OCaml.  It is ideally complemented b=
y other books on OCaml.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ocsigen's 2024 recap
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocsigens-2024-recap/16117/1

    

    

    

    William Caldwell announced
    

    

    
Hi all!

    


    
2024 was a busy year for the Ocsigen ecosystem, in case you missed any of i=
t, here are the important highlights:

    


    
wasm_of_ocaml has been merged in its parent project js_of_ocaml, making you=
r Ocsigen projects that much closer to being served as WASM instead of Java=
Script. In the meantime you can build your own WASM by using wasm_of_ocaml =
to get a taste of the future.

    


    
Major work has been undertaken on Ocsigen:

    


      

    • Ocsigen Server 6
      • 

    • Eliom 11
      • 

    • Ocsigen Start 7
      • 

    


    
Ocsigen server no longer needs a configuration file to start your project, =
you can instead start Ocsigen server in your project and handle the configu=
ration yourself.
If you're eager to Ocsigen_server.start ... you can learn more=
 in the following announcements:

    




    
Ready for 2025? We certainly are!
Our efforts to make the Ocsigen ecosystem more modular are ongoing: next on=
 the list is ocsigen-i18n, making easier to pick and choose what bits of Oc=
sigen you want to include in your project, and allowing to use it for any O=
Caml application.
The biggest evolution of the Ocsigen project is underway & soon to be a=
nnounced, and that's not even including wasm\_of\_ocaml.
Also keep an eye out for our public meeting announcements in which we discu=
ss our current tasks, ask for public feedback, and answer whatever Ocsigen =
related questions you might have.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml GADTs for Authentication Tokens
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-ocaml-gadts-for-a=
uthentication-tokens/16128/1

    

    

    

    Maxim Grankin announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! =F0=9F=91=8B

    


    
My name is Max, I've been using OCaml for a while during my years at Bloomb=
erg and at some moment decided to dig a little bit into GADTs. I found coup=
le of use cases for them and decided to write down one in detail:

    




    
I hope it would help newcomers to find application for GADTs in their proje=
cts.

    


    
Huge thanks to @chshersh for reviewing this blog post!

    


    
Enjoy and let me know what you think in the comments!

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml language committe launched
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-language-committe-launched=
/16129/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the launch of the OCaml language committee. T=
his committee is intended as collegial instance with the aim to facilitate =
discussions and consensus making about the evolution of the OCaml language =
and its standard library.

    


    
Over the years, it has become a common shared grievance among both maintain=
ers and contributors to the OCaml language that, sometimes, the review proc=
ess for changes grinds to a halt, either because consensus is elusive or be=
cause no one feels empowered enough to take a decision single-handed.

    


    
In order to reduce the number of those instances of decision paralysis, the=
 OCaml maintainers have decided to experiment with an OCaml language commit=
tee: a subgroup of the OCaml
community organised to discuss evolution of the OCaml language in a tim=
ely fashion.

    


    
In practice, if someone feels that a contribution (a Pull Request, issue, R=
equest For Comment) might be stuck or might benefit from a wider discussion=
, they may ask the committee to take the contribution under consideration b=
y mentioning it to the committee chair (which is currently me, aka @Octachr=
on on github).

    


    
Then the committee will deliberate on this contribution both on the archived=
 public mailing list ocaml-language-committee@inria.fr for int=
ernal committee discussion [^1] and possibly on the relevant community chan=
nels (ocaml/ocaml or here on discuss). At the end of this co=
llegial discussion, the committee will publish a consultative decision on t=
he matter. We expect that having such a collegial consultative decision wou=
ld be enough to unblock most situations.

    


    
For more details, the intended working of the committee is described at https://git=
hub.com/ocaml/RFCs/blob/master/Committee.md .

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml Language Committee

    


    
[^1]: Anyone is welcome to subscribe to the mailing list to attend to the d=
iscussions, but please do not flood the mailing list so that we can keep it=
 fully open.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/23

    

    

    

    art-w announced
    

    

    
Hello! The next Dune Dev Meeting will be on Wednesday, February, 19th at=
 4pm CET for an hour long discussion.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronize with the Dune developers.

    


    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to add more=
 items in it.

    



    

    

    

    

    Asking For Community Feedback on the OCaml Platform Communicat=
ions
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/asking-for-community-feedback-on-the-ocaml-platform-communications/16142/=
1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi all,

    


    
I'm looking for feedback on the OCaml Platform communications, especially t=
he Platform Newsletter and the OCaml.org =
Changelog.

    


    
For this, I have prepared a Google form survey (you can send me your respon=
ses by email if you prefer):

    


    
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAI=
pQLSctTt-WtWEU9heJixGAcAxeUxZhPeX0ioTnaPk6VKTwYHHs9A/viewform

    


    
The survey aims to improve both the process and the usefulness of the OCaml Platform communications and to help me create a handb=
ook that gives a clear picture of all our developer-focused communication c=
hannels, as well as how the new Developer Advocate role at Tarides c=
an support the maintainers in these communications.

    


    
A major aim of this effort is to adapt the process around the commun=
ications to minimize the amount of friction imposed on engineers and to max=
imize the usefulness to the readers.

    


    
Thanks for your help!

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 18 to 25,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Early work experimenting with zig as a cross-compiler for OCaml
Dune dev meeting
Outreachy June 2025
Js_of_ocaml 6.0.1 / Wasm_of_ocaml
Bytecode debugging in OCaml 5.3
New F* release on opam (2025.02.17)
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Early work experimenting with zig as a cross-compiler for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Chris Armstrong announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is some early work [using zig as a cross-compiler] for building
  OCaml cross-compilation systems:

  [opam-cross-lambda]

  *Status*: It is currently severely untested but the aim is to be able
   to cross-compile to Linux from Windows/Mac/Linux for aarch64 and
   x86_64 CPU architectures simply by adding an opam repository, and
   without the need for nix.

  *Why:* The novel aspect is zig, which allows you to cross-compile C
   code without needing to install or set up a cross-compilation sysroot
   i.e. glibc, gcc, binutils, kernel headers etc. as zig packages much
   of the needed headers and symbol information internally.

  *Next steps:* start importing packages (including those with native
   binaries) into the opam repository overlay, validate them in CI/CD

  This approach has led me down some rabbit-holes with a bunch of
  learning - some interesting points:

  =E2=80=A2 zig uses clang internally, so its effectively testing clang
    compatibility with OCaml's autoconf + Makefile assumptions about the
    C compiler
  =E2=80=A2 targeting windows isn't possible with this setup at this time,
    because flexdll hardcodes mingw binary names
    (e.g. x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc) in its Makefile and the flexlink
    binary (it assumes these exist because targeting mingw32 is always a
    cross-compilation, even on Windows). It also depends on binutils'
    windres, which zig does not provide a wrapper for.
  =E2=80=A2 targeting macos x is untested
  =E2=80=A2 as you can see in the CI/CD scripts, setting the ZIG cache dire=
ctory
    environment variables is crucial for MacOS because of opam's
    sandboxing (zig builds its cache in the user's home directory, which
    is outside the default sandbox)
  =E2=80=A2 although ocamlfind and dune have some cross-compilation support=
 with
    "toolchains", there are gaps and undocumented assumption
  =E2=80=A2 opam doesn't really support cross-compilation environments well=
 -
    packages often don't require much change, but you do need to create
    a `-cross-' version of every single package -
    this could be a lot more straightforward and less work with a more
    cohesive platform strategy for cross-compilation

  *Alternatives*: I'm aware of alternatives in the ecosystem (and indeed
   have benefitted from):

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml nix overlays] - these offer a far better tested and
    reproducible cross-compilation environment, mostly for systems that
    can run nix
  =E2=80=A2 [opam-cross-windows] - lots of little nuggets of build-time
    information found in here


[using zig as a cross-compiler]


[opam-cross-lambda]


[ocaml nix overlays] 

[opam-cross-windows]



Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, art-w announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thanks everyone for joining! The meetings notes are here:
  


Outreachy June 2025
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone!

  Once again, the OCaml community has signed up to Outreachy (see [past]
  [posts])!


[past] 

[posts]



What is Outreachy?
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Outreachy is a paid, remote internship program. Outreachy promotes
  diversity in open source and open science. Our internships are for
  people who face under-representation, and discrimination or systemic
  bias in the technology industry of their country.

  The current round is still ongoing with an intern making great
  progress on [ocaml-api-watch] with @NathanReb and @panglesd.


[ocaml-api-watch] 

Important Dates
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  For this next round, the important dates are as follows (these are
  always subject to some change):

  =E2=80=A2 Feb 26 - Community sign up deadline :white_check_mark:
  =E2=80=A2 Mar 7 - [Mentor project description deadline]
  =E2=80=A2 Mar 10 to Apr 8 - Contribution period
  =E2=80=A2 Jun 2 to Aug 29 - Internship period

  Our next deadline is for mentors to sign up to the OCaml community
  with a project idea. Please do consider being an Outreachy mentor. If
  you have any questions or ideas you can always reach out to me
  directly. If you need a refresher of past projects, there's a
  dedicated page on the OCaml website: .

  The OCaml community is currently able to financially support Outreachy
  internships thanks to the generous support of [Tarides] and
  [Janestreet].

  Thanks! :camel:


[Mentor project description deadline]


[Tarides] 

[Janestreet] 


Js_of_ocaml 6.0.1 / Wasm_of_ocaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me Vouillon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the joint release of js_of_ocaml 6.0.1 and
  wasm_of_ocaml.

  Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes
  it possible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like
  browsers and Node.js.

  [Wasm_of_ocaml] is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to WebAssembly. It
  is highly compatible with Js_of_ocaml, so you can compile your
  programs with wasm_of_ocaml instead of js_of_ocaml and experience
  overall better performance. It is [supported by Dune 3.17], making the
  switch very easy.

  Most significant changes in js_of_ocaml:
  =E2=80=A2 The conversion between Javascript numbers and OCaml floats is n=
ow
    explicit, using functions `Js.float' and `Js.to_float' (this is
    necessary for wasm_of_ocaml which does not use the same
    representation for JS numbers and OCaml floats)
  =E2=80=A2 `Dom_html' has been modernized, removing some no longer relevant
    `Js.optdef' type annotations
  =E2=80=A2 Effects:
    =E2=80=A3 add an optional feature of "dynamic switching" between CPS and
      direct style, resulting in better performance when no effect
      handler is installed
    =E2=80=A3 make resuming a continuation more efficient

  See the [Changelog] for other changes.


[Wasm_of_ocaml]


[supported by Dune 3.17]


[Changelog]



Olivier Nicole then added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Regarding wasm_of_ocaml, Tarides also just posted [a blog post] with
  some more details about its recent developments, and what kind of
  performance gains have been observed with it.

  I want to insist that building your project to Wasm can be as simple
  as enabling the `wasm' mode in dune. To quote the documentation page
  cited by J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (executable (name foo) (modes wasm))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  And then request the .wasm.js target:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ dune build ./foo.bc.wasm.js
  =E2=94=82 $ node _build/default/foo.bc.wasm.js
  =E2=94=82 hello from wasm
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[a blog post]



Bytecode debugging in OCaml 5.3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Today I conducted a small experiment of using a debugger on a small
  OCaml program (built using `dune'). The program is not written by me,
  does non-trivial things, and is written in such a way that my usual
  approaches to understand what is going on would require more work than
  I want to pour in it.

  I took notes on this experience, in the hope that it could be of
  interest to others =E2=80=93 maybe I'm doing things wrong and people will=
 let
  me know, maybe this can help identify potential tooling improvements.

  Disclaimer: I am a complete beginner as far as running OCaml debuggers
  goes. (I have used `ocamldebug' and `gdb' irregularly in the past,
  never heaily, and long forgotten how to use them.)


TL;DR:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Bytecode debugging with OCaml 5.3 and dune:

  =E2=80=A2 works fine in Emacs/Tuareg, as it did in the past
  =E2=80=A2 works okay in vscode using ocamlearlybird
  =E2=80=A2 could be improved with a bit more targeted work, some of it pro=
bably
    easy (and some of it hard)

  If I understand correctly, no one is specifically working on this
  right now.  Let me take this occasion to thank the people who
  contributed to all these tools (Tuareg, ocamldebug, ocamlearlybird,
  vscode+ocaml integration, dune, etc.).


Why a debugger?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I am looking at an OCaml program that I did not write, and does
  interesting and complex things. I would like to build my understanding
  of how it works by observing the flow of values in some parts of the
  program, on concrete examples of interest.

  I am unfamiliar with debuggers and tried other things first:

  1. I considered modifying the code to print the values it encouters at
     runtime. But the program does not define pretty-printers for its
     values, and writing them is cumbersome. (I could probably use
     `deriving' to produce debuggers more easily.)

  2. My next move is usually `dune utop': instead of running the
     program, I can call its library functions via the toplevel on small
     examples. But this particular program is only a binary, it was not
     split as a library and a binary, and splitting it would be
     non-trivial.

  When "printf debugging" and "play in the toplevel" are not immediately
  within reach, it may be time to try a debugger. They should let us
  stop at a given point in the program, print values, and move around in
  the execution trace to better understand what is going on.


Running a debugger in general
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  To run a debugger on OCaml programs, one has to choose between a
  bytecode debugger, `ocamldebug', and native debuggers such as `gdb'
  and `lldb'.

  Native debuggers are not OCaml-specific and likely to be better
  documented, have more integrated tooling etc., but they are more
  low-level and don't know as much about OCaml programs; in particular
  they're not so good at printing values.

  On the other hand `ocamldebug' can print OCaml values, and it is a
  time-travel debugger that supports going backward in time; but it
  relies on running the bytecode executable that is probably 10x slower
  than the native executable. It is also probably worse when debugging
  cross-language programs, for example using the FFI.

  I would not try `ocamldebug' to debug performance-sensitive programs,
  programs in production, and in particular to debug anything resembling
  a segmentation fault. But it should offer a nice experience for
  pure-OCaml programs during their development.

  The Coq/Rocq maintainers have long been using `ocamldebug' to
  understand their software, a large OCaml program with tricky bugs and
  non-trivial performance requirements. They rely on specific tooling to
  make it nicer =E2=80=93 autoloaded scripts, customized pretty-printers. So
  there is evidence that `ocamldebug' can work well when integrated
  inside a project development workflow. (Here the program I want to
  debug has /not/ had any such written, so it will be more barebones.)


Getting a bytecode executable from Dune
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Before going any further, you need to ask `dune' to generate bytecode
  executables, by adding

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (modes byte exe)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  to the `executable' stanza. Then you run `dune build', and when
  invoking the debugger you will need to manually pass the path to the
  bytecode program, for example `_build/default/bin/main.bc'.


IDE integration
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Running `ocamldebug' directly is doable but not great. Just like it's
  nice when IDEs let you jump to the location of a compilation error,
  you really want the debugger to show you "where" it is in the program
  execution by showing you a program point in your programming
  editor. (`ocamldebug' will print the source line where it is at, so
  it's not too bad, but still noticeably less pleasant, and typing
  movement commands one by one gets old fast.)

  I considered two approaches to running a bytecode debugger for OCaml
  programs:
  =E2=80=A2 run `ocamldebug' from Emacs/Tuareg
  =E2=80=A2 run `ocamlearlybird' from VsCode


=E2=97=8A ocamlearlybird in vscode

  I first decided to use ocamlearlybird from vscode.

  I opened vscode (which is not my usual editor) and tried to use `Run >
  start debugging' directly=E2=80=A6 and it didn't work well. You need to
  configure things manually, and the vscode interface did not tell me
  that, it would show nothing and appear not to work as expected but
  without much help.

  The better way to configure vscode+earlybird is to=E2=80=A6 read the
  documentation first. I recommend:

  1. Read the [vscode-ocaml-platform README.md] about how to setup
     things.
  2. then read the [ocamlearlybird README] (which also links to the
     README above), in particular watch the short demo, to know what to
     expect when the interface works. The README documents the field of
     the `launch.json' file that you have to write to describe how to
     invoke the debugger, and this is helpful.

  After reading this, I knew how to tweak the `launch.json' file so that
  the debugger would pass command-line arguments to the program, and it
  started working correctly.

  Unfortunately `ocamlearlybird' does not current support time-travel
  ([issue]), so it is only possible to stop at breakpoints and move
  forward in time, while I was expecting to run until a failure and then
  go backward in time, as I usually do with `ocamldebug'. At this point
  I decided to go back to my familiar Emacs.


  [vscode-ocaml-platform README.md]
  

  [ocamlearlybird README]
  

  [issue] 

  =E2=97=8A Points to improve

    When trying to "run the debugger" without having configured a
    specific bytecode program, the vscode UI appears to work but does
    nothing. For example it is possible to add breakpoints, etc., and
    then clicking "run" does nothing that I can see.

    I wish there was clearer feedback when things are not setup and
    there is no chance that it will work. This would also be a good time
    to point me to the online documentation =E2=80=93 from within the IDE =
=E2=80=93 so
    that the process is more discoverable.


=E2=97=8A ocamldebug in Emacs

  At this point I had already set things up to build a bytecode
  executable in Dune, so things were easy: `M-x ocamldebug' and there
  you go. There is [documentation in the user manual], which was
  probably written more than a decade ago, and it mostly reads just fine
  today.

  (Note: some of the documented keybindings do not work: `C-c C-k' is
  documented as stepping back in the manual, but it is not supported by
  Tuareg ([issue]).)

  Moving around program execution is fun, printing values works okay =E2=80=
=93
  the next step for convenience would be to install custom printers to
  get nice output.


  [documentation in the user manual]
  

  [issue] 

  =E2=97=8A Points to improve

    1. Emacs jumps to source code to follow the program execution in the
       debugger; but on every movement in the execution trace it asks me
       again whether I want `src/foo.ml' instead of
       `_build/default/src/foo.ml', and this is annoying. (Sometimes I
       did not observe this behavior, not sure why.)

    2. Dune includes various wrapping/mangling of module names that show
       up in the `ocamldebug' printing, and can be annoying at time. For
       example some module names show up as `Dune__exe.Foo', and I would
       prefer to see just `Foo'. I think it should be possible to
       hard-code some more de-Dune-mangling logic in the debugger's
       pretty-printer, and ideally we could even make them
       user-configurable or dune-configurable a bit.

    3. If I print an AST from an execution point that does not have
       `open Ast' in its typing environment, the AST is printed like
       `Dune__exe.Ast.Let (Dune__exe.Ast.Var "x", ...)'. It would be
       nice to omit the `Dunne__exe' part, but ideally I should also be
       able to tell the debugger: "let's open `Ast' locally from now on
       when you print values", so that it prints in a more readable way
       by default.


Vincent Laviron replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Nice post, thanks !

  A few things I would like to add:
  =E2=80=A2 Time travelling is possible for the native debuggers with `rr'.=
 At
    some point it was Linux-only, it might still be the case, but it's
    /very/ nice to use. I have on some occasions debugged bytecode
    programs by using `rr' on it, and with the appropriate gdb/lldb
    macros to print OCaml values it can be useful (but mostly for
    debugging the C parts; for problems purely on the OCaml side
    `ocamldebug' is still better suited). I use it regularly for native
    debugging and it's very convenient (it can even help with debugging
    eisenbugs in parallel programs ! Just run `rr record ./my_program'
    several times until the bug triggers, and then `rr replay' will
    always replay the same run, including thread interleavings,
    consistently reproducing the bug).
  =E2=80=A2 I have tried time travelling with `ocamldebug' in the past and I
    have hit some serious issues: limited history means that you cannot
    go very far in the past, and the way it works (by setting
    checkpoints and replaying from the checkpoint to the required
    instruction) means that you can often see weird artifacts due to C
    calls being replayed each time you step back, sometimes breaking the
    program completely. I'm curious to know if this is just bad luck (or
    me doing weird things), or if you had similar issues too.
  =E2=80=A2 The `Dune__exe' stuff is, I believe, `dune''s misguided attempt=
 to
    shield users from potential conflicts between files linked in the
    executable and modules with the same name present in non-wrapped
    libraries required as dependencies. I suspect that `(wrapped false)'
    or something like that in the section of the dune file corresponding
    to the executable will get rid of it.


Tim McGilchrist also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is possible to use `ocamlearlybird' with `dap-mode' in Emacs
  [link]. The setup uses the same json config file as VSCode. I'm
  putting my effort into DAP support since that gets cross editor
  support and I can switch between LLDB/ocamlearlybird.

  For Emacs the two main options for DAP support are:
  =E2=80=A3 dap-mode, which ties into lsp-mode and follows that style of
    things. Uses JSON configuration based off VSCode configuration. The
    UI elements depend on lsp-mode, so it's a heavier setup and might
    not play as well with eglot.
  =E2=80=A3 dape, standalone DAP mode with a more minimal approach. I didn'=
t get
    it working satisfactorily but it seems closer to eglot in philosophy
    

  For both I see the challenges are:
  1. Setting up DAP itself reliably and with less fuss. It could be
     smoother and better documented.
  2. Setting up dune builds to generate the right artifacts. Having a
     direct LSP code action to run a debugger against a particular
     executable like Rust does would be ideal.
  3. Bugs in ocamlearlybird and lack of maintainer time.

  It's interesting to hear about users of bytecode debugging, I thought
  there wouldn't be many people using that.


[link]



Nicolas Ojeda Bar also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        For example some module names show up as `Dune__exe.Foo',
        and I would prefer to see just `Foo'.

  This is controlled by `(wrapped_executables )' in
  `dune-project':
  


New F* release on opam (2025.02.17)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Chandradeep Dey announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello! It is my pleasure to announce that F* is once again available
  on opam for direct installation after a long time. This probably does
  not mean much to regular users, as there were regular releases on
  GitHub for some time now. However, the opam release offers a
  convenient alternative by eliminating the need to separately set up
  OCaml to compile extracted OCaml code.

  From the [website] - F* is a general-purpose proof-oriented
  programming language, supporting both purely functional and effectful
  programming. It combines the expressive power of dependent types with
  proof automation based on SMT solving and tactic-based interactive
  theorem proving.

  The biggest new thing worth mentioning is perhaps the Pulse DSL for
  programming with concurrent separation logic. A tutorial is available
  in the F* book, Proof-oriented Programming in F*. A comprehensive
  overview of various projects that have utilized F* over the years can
  also be found on the website.

  Feel free to join the [Zulip forum] for discussions with the
  developers, researchers, and casual users. Happy writing provably
  correct programs!


[website] 

[Zulip forum] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [How I fixed Slipshow's worst flaw using OCaml and a monad]
  =E2=80=A2 [The First Wasm_of_ocaml Release is Out!]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[How I fixed Slipshow's worst flaw using OCaml and a monad]


[The First Wasm_of_ocaml Release is Out!]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 18 to 25, 20=
25.

    



    

    Early work experimenting with zig as a cross-compiler for OCam=
l
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/e=
arly-work-experimenting-with-zig-as-a-cross-compiler-for-ocaml/16151/1

    

    

    

    Chris Armstrong announced
    

    

    
This is some early work using zig as a cross-compiler for building OCaml cross-compilation=
 systems:

    


    
opam-cross=
-lambda

    


    
Status: It is currently severely untested but the aim is to be able =
to cross-compile to Linux from Windows/Mac/Linux for aarch64 and x86_64 CPU=
 architectures simply by adding an opam repository, and without the need fo=
r nix.

    


    
Why: The novel aspect is zig, which allows you to cross-compile C co=
de without needing to install or set up a cross-compilation sysroot i.e. gl=
ibc, gcc, binutils, kernel headers etc. as zig packages much of the needed =
headers and symbol information internally.

    


    
Next steps: start importing packages (including those with native bi=
naries) into the opam repository overlay, validate them in CI/CD

    


    
This approach has led me down some rabbit-holes with a bunch of learning - =
some interesting points:

    


      

    • zig uses clang internally, so its effectively testing clang compatibili=
ty with OCaml's autoconf + Makefile assumptions about the C compiler
      • 

    • targeting windows isn't possible with this setup at this time, because =
flexdll hardcodes mingw binary names (e.g. x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc) in its M=
akefile and the flexlink binary (it assumes these exist because targeting m=
ingw32 is always a cross-compilation, even on Windows). It also depends on =
binutils' windres, which zig does not provide a wrapper for.
      • 

    • targeting macos x is untested
      • 

    • as you can see in the CI/CD scripts, setting the ZIG cache directory en=
vironment variables is crucial for MacOS because of opam's sandboxing (zig =
builds its cache in the user's home directory, which is outside the default=
 sandbox)
      • 

    • although ocamlfind and dune have some cross-compilation support with "t=
oolchains", there are gaps and undocumented assumption
      • 

    • opam doesn't really support cross-compilation environments well - packa=
ges often don't require much change, but you do need to create a <=
package>-cross-<cross-name> version of every single package=
 - this could be a lot more straightforward and less work with a more cohes=
ive platform strategy for cross-compilation
      • 

    


    
Alternatives: I'm aware of alternatives in the ecosystem (and indeed=
 have benefitted from):

    


      

    • ocaml nix overlay=
s - these offer a far better tested and reproducible cross-compilation =
environment, mostly for systems that can run nix
      • 

    • opam-cross-windows - lots of little nuggets of build-time inf=
ormation found in here
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/24

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, art-w announced
    

    

    
Thanks everyone for joining! The meetings notes are here: https://github.com/oca=
ml/dune/wiki/dev-meeting-2025-02-19

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy June 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-june-2025/16154/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone!

    


    
Once again, the OCaml community has signed up to Outreachy (see past posts<=
/a>)!

    

    

    

    

    What is Outreachy?
    

    

    
Outreachy is a paid, remote internship program. Outreachy promotes diversit=
y in open source and open science. Our internships are for people who face =
under-representation, and discrimination or systemic bias in the technology=
 industry of their country.

    


    
The current round is still ongoing with an intern making great progress on =
ocaml-api-watch=
 with @NathanReb and @panglesd.=20

    

    

    

    Important Dates
    

    

    
For this next round, the important dates are as follows (these are always s=
ubject to some change):

    




    
Our next deadline is for mentors to sign up to the OCaml community with a p=
roject idea. Please do consider being an Outreachy mentor. If you have any =
questions or ideas you can always reach out to me directly. If you need a r=
efresher of past projects, there's a dedicated page on the OCaml website: <=
a href=3D"https://ocaml.org/outreachy">https://ocaml.org/outreachy.=20

    


    
The OCaml community is currently able to financially support Outreachy inte=
rnships thanks to the generous support of T=
arides and Janestreet.

    


    
Thanks! :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Js_of_ocaml 6.0.1 / Wasm_of_ocaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-js-of-ocaml-6-0-1-wasm-of=
-ocaml/16160/1

    

    

    

    J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me Vouillon announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the joint release of js_of_ocaml 6.0.1 and =
wasm_of_ocaml.

    


    
Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes it po=
ssible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like browsers a=
nd Node.js.

    


    
Wasm_of=
_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to WebAssembly. It is highly c=
ompatible with Js_of_ocaml, so you can compile your programs with wasm_of_o=
caml instead of js_of_ocaml and experience overall better performance. It i=
s supported b=
y Dune 3.17, making the switch very easy.

    


    
Most significant changes in js_of_ocaml:

    

      

    • The conversion between Javascript numbers and OCaml floats is now expli=
cit, using functions Js.float and Js.to_float (th=
is is necessary for wasm_of_ocaml which does not use the same representatio=
n for JS numbers and OCaml floats)
      • 

    • Dom_html has been modernized, removing some no longer rele=
vant Js.optdef type annotations
      • 

    • Effects:

        

      • add an optional feature of "dynamic switching" between CPS and direct s=
tyle, resulting in better performance when no effect handler is installed

      • make resuming a continuation more efficient
        • 

      • 

    


    
See the Changelog for other changes.

    

    

    

    

    Olivier Nicole then added
    

    

    
Regarding wasm_of_ocaml, Tarides also just posted a blog
post with some more details about its recent
developments, and what kind of performance gains have been observed with it.

    


    
I want to insist that building your project to Wasm can be as simple as ena=
bling the wasm mode in dune. To quote the documentation
page cited by J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me:

    


    (executable (name foo) (modes wasm))

    


    
And then request the .wasm.js target:

    


    $ dune build ./foo.bc.wasm.js
$ node _build/default/foo.bc.wasm.js
hello from wasm

    

    

    

    

    

    Bytecode debugging in OCaml 5.3
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/bytecode-debugging-in-ocaml-5-3/1=
6177/1

    

    

    

    gasche announced
    

    

    
Today I conducted a small experiment of using a debugger on a small OCaml p=
rogram (built using dune). The program is not written by me, d=
oes non-trivial things, and is written in such a way that my usual approach=
es to understand what is going on would require more work than I want to po=
ur in it.

    


    
I took notes on this experience, in the hope that it could be of interest t=
o others – maybe I'm doing things wrong and people will let me know,=
 maybe this can help identify potential tooling improvements.

    


    
Disclaimer: I am a complete beginner as far as running OCaml debuggers goes=
. (I have used ocamldebug and gdb irregularly in =
the past, never heaily, and long forgotten how to use them.)

    

    

    

    TL;DR:
    

    

    
Bytecode debugging with OCaml 5.3 and dune:

    


      

    • works fine in Emacs/Tuareg, as it did in the past
      • 

    • works okay in vscode using ocamlearlybird
      • 

    • could be improved with a bit more targeted work,
some of it probably easy (and some of it hard)
      • 

    


    
If I understand correctly, no one is specifically working on this right now.
Let me take this occasion to thank the people who contributed to all these =
tools (Tuareg, ocamldebug, ocamlearlybird, vscode+ocaml integration, dune, =
etc.).

    

    

    

    

    Why a debugger?
    

    

    
I am looking at an OCaml program that I did not write, and does interesting=
 and complex things. I would like to build my understanding of how it works=
 by observing the flow of values in some parts of the program, on concrete =
examples of interest.

    


    
I am unfamiliar with debuggers and tried other things first:

    


      

    1. I considered modifying the code to print the values it encouters at run=
time. But the program does not define pretty-printers for its values, and w=
riting them is cumbersome. (I could probably use deriving to p=
roduce debuggers more easily.)
      2. 


    2. My next move is usually dune utop: instead of running the =
program, I can call its library functions via the toplevel on small example=
s. But this particular program is only a binary, it was not split as a libr=
ary and a binary, and splitting it would be non-trivial.
      3. 

    


    
When "printf debugging" and "play in the toplevel" are not immediately with=
in reach, it may be time to try a debugger. They should let us stop at a gi=
ven point in the program, print values, and move around in the execution tr=
ace to better understand what is going on.

    

    

    

    

    Running a debugger in general
    

    

    
To run a debugger on OCaml programs, one has to choose between a bytecode d=
ebugger, ocamldebug, and native debuggers such as gdb and lldb.

    


    
Native debuggers are not OCaml-specific and likely to be better documented,=
 have more integrated tooling etc., but they are more low-level and don't k=
now as much about OCaml programs; in particular they're not so good at prin=
ting values.

    


    
On the other hand ocamldebug can print OCaml values, and it is=
 a time-travel debugger that supports going backward in time; but it relies=
 on running the bytecode executable that is probably 10x slower than the na=
tive executable. It is also probably worse when debugging cross-language pr=
ograms, for example using the FFI.

    


    
I would not try ocamldebug to debug performance-sensitive prog=
rams, programs in production, and in particular to debug anything resemblin=
g a segmentation fault. But it should offer a nice experience for pure-OCam=
l programs during their development.

    


    
The Coq/Rocq maintainers have long been using ocamldebug to un=
derstand their software, a large OCaml program with tricky bugs and non-tri=
vial performance requirements. They rely on specific tooling to make it nic=
er – autoloaded scripts, customized pretty-printers. So there is evi=
dence that ocamldebug can work well when integrated inside a p=
roject development workflow. (Here the program I want to debug has not had any such written, so it will be more barebones.)

    

    

    

    

    Getting a bytecode executable from Dune
    

    

    
Before going any further, you need to ask dune to generate byt=
ecode executables, by adding

    


    (modes byte exe)

    


    
to the executable stanza. Then you run dune build=
, and when invoking the debugger you will need to manually pass the path to=
 the bytecode program, for example _build/default/bin/main.bc.

    

    

    

    

    IDE integration
    

    

    
Running ocamldebug directly is doable but not great. Just like=
 it's
nice when IDEs let you jump to the location of a compilation error,
you really want the debugger to show you "where" it is in the program
execution by showing you a program point in your programming
editor. (ocamldebug will print the source line where it is at,=
 so
it's not too bad, but still noticeably less pleasant, and typing
movement commands one by one gets old fast.)

    


    
I considered two approaches to running a bytecode debugger for OCaml progra=
ms:

    

      

    • run ocamldebug from Emacs/Tuareg
      • 

    • run ocamlearlybird from VsCode
      • 

    

    

      

    • ocamlearlybird in vscode
      

      

      
I first decided to use ocamlearlybird from vscode.

      


      
I opened vscode (which is not my usual editor) and tried to use Run &=
gt; start debugging directly… and it didn't work well. You ne=
ed to configure things manually, and the vscode interface did not tell me t=
hat, it would show nothing and appear not to work as expected but without m=
uch help.

      


      
The better way to configure vscode+earlybird is to… read the documen=
tation first. I recommend:

      


        

      1. Read the vscode-ocaml-platform README.md =
about how to setup things.
        2. 

      2. then read the ocamlearlybird README (which also links to the READM=
E above), in particular watch the short demo, to know what to expect when t=
he interface works. The README documents the field of the launch.json=
 file that you have to write to describe how to invoke the debugger,=
 and this is helpful.
        3. 

      


      
After reading this, I knew how to tweak the launch.json file s=
o that the debugger would pass command-line arguments to the program, and i=
t started working correctly.

      


      
Unfortunately ocamlearlybird does not current support time-tra=
vel (issue=
), so it is only possible to stop at breakpoints and move forward in ti=
me, while I was expecting to run until a failure and then go backward in ti=
me, as I usually do with ocamldebug. At this point I decided t=
o go back to my familiar Emacs.

      

      

        

      • Points to improve
        

        

        
When trying to "run the debugger" without having configured a specific byte=
code program, the vscode UI appears to work but does nothing. For example i=
t is possible to add breakpoints, etc., and then clicking "run" does nothin=
g that I can see.

        


        
I wish there was clearer feedback when things are not setup and there is no=
 chance that it will work. This would also be a good time to point me to th=
e online documentation – from within the IDE – so that the pr=
ocess is more discoverable.

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    • ocamldebug in Emacs
      

      

      
At this point I had already set things up to build a bytecode executable in=
 Dune, so things were easy: M-x ocamldebug and there you go. T=
here is documentatio=
n in the user manual, which was probably written more than a decade ago=
, and it mostly reads just fine today.

      


      
(Note: some of the documented keybindings do not work: C-c C-k=
 is documented as stepping back in the manual, but it is not supported by T=
uareg (issue).)

      


      
Moving around program execution is fun, printing values works okay –=
 the next step for convenience would be to install custom printers to get n=
ice output.

      

      

        

      • Points to improve
        

        

          

        1. Emacs jumps to source code to follow the program execution in the debug=
ger; but on every movement in the execution trace it asks me again whether =
I want src/foo.ml instead of _build/default/src/foo.ml, and this is annoying. (Sometimes I did not observe this behavior, no=
t sure why.)
          2. 


        2. Dune includes various wrapping/mangling of module names that show up in=
 the ocamldebug printing, and can be annoying at time. For exa=
mple some module names show up as Dune__exe.Foo, and I would p=
refer to see just Foo. I think it should be possible to hard-c=
ode some more de-Dune-mangling logic in the debugger's pretty-printer, and =
ideally we could even make them user-configurable or dune-configurable a bi=
t.
          3. 


        3. If I print an AST from an execution point that does not have open=
 Ast in its typing environment, the AST is printed like Dune__=
exe.Ast.Let (Dune__exe.Ast.Var "x", ...). It would be nice to omit t=
he Dunne__exe part, but ideally I should also be able to tell =
the debugger: "let's open Ast locally from now on when you pri=
nt values", so that it prints in a more readable way by default.
          4. 

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    Vincent Laviron replied
    

    

    
Nice post, thanks !

    


    
A few things I would like to add:

    

      

    • Time travelling is possible for the native debuggers with rr. At some point it was Linux-only, it might still be the case, but it's <=
i>very nice to use. I have on some occasions debugged bytecode programs=
 by using rr on it, and with the appropriate gdb/lldb macros t=
o print OCaml values it can be useful (but mostly for debugging the C parts=
; for problems purely on the OCaml side ocamldebug is still be=
tter suited). I use it regularly for native debugging and it's very conveni=
ent (it can even help with debugging eisenbugs in parallel programs ! Just =
run rr record ./my_program several times until the bug trigger=
s, and then rr replay will always replay the same run, includi=
ng thread interleavings, consistently reproducing the bug).
      • 

    • I have tried time travelling with ocamldebug in the past a=
nd I have hit some serious issues: limited history means that you cannot go=
 very far in the past, and the way it works (by setting checkpoints and rep=
laying from the checkpoint to the required instruction) means that you can =
often see weird artifacts due to C calls being replayed each time you step =
back, sometimes breaking the program completely. I'm curious to know if thi=
s is just bad luck (or me doing weird things), or if you had similar issues=
 too.
      • 

    • The Dune__exe stuff is, I believe, dune's mis=
guided attempt to shield users from potential conflicts between files linke=
d in the executable and modules with the same name present in non-wrapped l=
ibraries required as dependencies. I suspect that (wrapped false) or something like that in the section of the dune file corresponding to=
 the executable will get rid of it.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Tim McGilchrist also replied
    

    

    
It is possible to use ocamlearlybird with dap-mode in Emacs link. The setup uses the same json config file as VS=
Code. I'm putting my effort into DAP support since that gets cross editor s=
upport and I can switch between LLDB/ocamlearlybird.=20

    


    
For Emacs the two main options for DAP support are:

    

      

    • dap-mode, which ties into lsp-mode and follows that style of things. Us=
es JSON configuration based off VSCode configuration. The UI elements depen=
d on lsp-mode, so it's a heavier setup and might not play as well with eglo=
t.
      • 

    • dape, standalone DAP mode with a more minimal approach. I didn't get it=
 working satisfactorily but it seems closer to eglot in philosophy https://github.com/svaante/dape

    


    
For both I see the challenges are:

    

      

    1. Setting up DAP itself reliably and with less fuss. It could be smoother=
 and better documented.
      2. 

    2. Setting up dune builds to generate the right artifacts. Having a direct=
 LSP code action to run a debugger against a particular executable like Rus=
t does would be ideal.
      3. 

    3. Bugs in ocamlearlybird and lack of maintainer time.
      4. 

    


    
It's interesting to hear about users of bytecode debugging, I thought there=
 wouldn't be many people using that.

    

    

    

    

    Nicolas Ojeda Bar also replied
    

    

    

    
For example some module names show up as Dune__exe.Foo, and I =
would prefer to see just Foo.

    

    


    
This is controlled by (wrapped_executables <bool>) in dune-project: https://dune.readthedocs.io=
/en/latest/reference/dune-project/wrapped_executables.html

    

    

    

    

    

    New F* release on opam (2025.02.17)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-f-release-on-opam-20=
25-02-17/16179/1

    

    

    

    Chandradeep Dey announced
    

    

    
Hello! It is my pleasure to announce that F* is once again available on opa=
m for direct installation after a long time. This probably does not mean mu=
ch to regular users, as there were regular releases on GitHub for some time=
 now. However, the opam release offers a convenient alternative by eliminat=
ing the need to separately set up OCaml to compile extracted OCaml code.

    


    
>>From the website -
F* is a general-purpose proof-oriented programming language, supporting bot=
h purely functional and effectful programming. It combines the expressive p=
ower of dependent types with proof automation based on SMT solving and tact=
ic-based interactive theorem proving.

    


    
The biggest new thing worth mentioning is perhaps the Pulse DSL for program=
ming with concurrent separation logic. A tutorial is available in the F* bo=
ok, Proof-oriented Programming in F*. A comprehensive overview of various p=
rojects that have utilized F* over the years can also be found on the websi=
te.

    


    
Feel free to join the Zulip forum<=
/a> for discussions with the developers, researchers, and casual users. Hap=
py writing provably correct programs!

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 25 to March =
04, 2025.

    



    

    Bytecode debugging in OCaml 5.3
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/bytecode-debugging-in-ocaml-5-3/1=
6177/7

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Henry Till said
    

    

    
Probably worth sharing here:

    


    

    

    

    Chet Murthy also said
    

    

    
For those who (like me) have always been perplexed when they try to use oca=
mldebug, b/c it just doesn't seem to work like gdb or perl's debugger, or a=
ny other debugger I've tried, this video was immensely helpful.

    


    
http=
s://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DDGvJk14sfi8&t=3D724s

    


    
Specifically, I learned that at the beginning of the program, to set a brea=
kpoint in the main program file, I need to do something like (for a file "e=
xtract_environments.ml", and line 79):

    

    break @extract_environments 79

    

    
That was blocking me FOREVER, b/c holy cow there's a ton of initialization,=
 and I just didn't know how to run thru all that and get to the first meani=
ngful line of my main program.

    


    
Now I do.  I can move forward from here with ocamldebug.  Finally!

    

    

    

    

    

    Zanuda – OCaml linter experiment
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-zanuda-ocaml-linter-experi=
ment/11784/2

    

    

    

    Kakadu announced
    

    

    
I'm using this linter for teaching for two years, and I'm very happy that I=
 implemented it. Student's code is much less annoying to read :slight_smile=
:=20

    

    

    

    Release 1.1.0
    

    

      

    • #22: Add 'reviewer' tool to report lint's a Github review.
      • 

    • 
#13: Discourage matching a tuple using 'match' expression with single branch

      

      

      match x with=
 (a,b) -> ...

      

      • 

    • #18: Warn about unneeded mutually recursive types
      • 

    • #23: Implement a trial version of the Fix module for auto-correction of=
 lints.
It produces a diff that could be applied later. Dune support is  lacking

    • Add command line switch '-skip-level-allow <bool>' to enable/disa=
ble lints
with level=3DAllow. False has higher priority than per-lint command line sw=
itch
(for example, -no-string_concat)
      • 

    • #28: Warn about too many nested if expressions.
      • 

    • #32: Warn about constructor names that hide default constructor names

    • #35: Detect manual implementations of List.map/fold functions
      • 

    • #50: Propose eta reduction when available
      • 

    • #51: Warn about pattern matching on boolean values
      • 

    • #53: Warn about "%s" in formatted strings
      • 

    • #54: Detection of unused public declarations in  .mli file.
      • 

    • #56: Simplify lint about missing license. We look for required doc-comm=
ents anywhere in the file, not only in the beginning.
      • 

    • #60: Skip some checks for some source files (configured via '.zanuda' c=
onfig file).
      • 

    • #15: Split 'string_concat' lint to check separately patterns 'a^b^c' (l=
evel=3DAllow) and 'List.fold_left (^)' (level=3DWarn).
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    QCheck 0.24
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-24/16198/1

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the 0.24 release of qcheck, qcheck=
-core, qcheck-alcotest, and qcheck-ounit, =
along with a 0.6 release of ppx_deriving_qcheck :tada:=20

    


    
QCheck is a library for randomized property-based testing, ins=
pired by Haskell's seminal QuickCheck library. The 0.24 release contains a =
range of improvements to the integrated shrinking of QCheck2, =
initially introduced in the 0.18 release. As a consequence, its shrinking a=
lgorithms should act more predictably, reduce faster, and report smaller co=
unterexamples. In essence, the 0.24 release is what we hoped 0.18 would be.=
 The release also adds missing result, int32, and=
 int64 combinators, as well as more documentation.

    


    
If you've previously given QCheck2's integrated shrinking a sp=
in, I encourage you to try it again with the patched 0.24 release. For new =
users, the 0.24 release is also a good candidate to check out! :smiley:
Please share any problems you encounter on the qcheck repo: https://github.com/c-cube/qcheck=


    


    
Full change log:

    


      

    • [qcheck-alcotest] Add an optional speed_level parameter to=
 to_alcotest
      • 

    • Adjust the QCheck2.Gen.list shrinker to produce minimal co=
unterexamples at size 3 too
      • 

    • Replace the QCheck2 OCaml 4 Random.State.split hack with a faster one
      • 

    • Improve the QCheck2.Gen.list shrinker heuristic and utiliz=
e the improved shrinker in other QCheck2 {list,array,byt=
es,string,function}* shrinkers
      • 

    • Use split and copy in Random.State underlying QCheck2 to avoid non-deterministic shrinking beh=
aviour
      • 

    • Add missing documentation strings for QCheck.{Print,Iter,Shrink,G=
en} and QCheck2.Gen.
      • 

    • Add result combinators to QCheck, QChec=
k.{Gen,Print,Shrink,Observable}, and QCheck2.{Gen,Print,Observ=
able}.
      • 

    • Add missing combinators QCheck{,2}.Print.int{32,64}, QCheck.Gen.int{32,64}, QCheck{,2}.Observable.int{32,64}, and deprecate QCheck.Gen.{ui32,ui64}
      • 

    • Document dune usage in README
      • 

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley: :keyboard:

    

    

    

    

    

    Bogue, the OCaml GUI
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bogue-the-ocaml-gui/9099/63

    

    

    

    sanette announced
    

    

    
Dear all,

    


    
I=E2=80=99m happy to announce a new version of Bogue, version 20250224, now availble on opam.

    


    
The main novelty is a brand new File dialog. It will open a new wind=
ow (or popup) which will let the user navigate the file system and select o=
ne or more files or directories.

    


    
This corresponds to the new File module.

    


    
You might also be interested in the Monitor submodule, which implements a fi=
le monitoring API based on fswatch (if available) or Unix.stat.=20

    


    
If you are curious, here is a graphical summary of the current functionalit=
ies of Bogue's file dialog (I hope that more will be added soon; I'm open t=
o suggestions)

    



    

    3D"b6efbe5eb40237db=

    

    


    
PS: @Sachindra_Ragul, yes we did it finally ;) better late than never

    

    

    

    

    

    Opam repository archival - next phase
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repository-archival-next=
-phase/16203/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
sorry for the silence – the phase 3 of the opam repository archival =
(taking the x-maintenance-intent into account) has to be delayed by (tentat=
ively) one month. The reason is that our tooling is not ready - the task, g=
iven an opam repository and maintenance-intent on packages, which can be sa=
fely archived, is harder than it seems:

    

      

    • we've to take compiler versions into account
      • 

    • there may be a package X in version 1 and 2, both supporting OCaml 4.08=
, but depend on package Y (where X.1 depends on Y >=3D 1, and X.2 depend=
s on Y >=3D 2) – now Y.1 could support OCaml 4.08, and Y.2 only O=
Caml 4.12 – so it is not safe to archive X.1 (since on OCaml 4.08 th=
ere won't be any X installable). And this may be deeply nested in the depen=
dency chain
      • 

    


    
It is useful if you mark your packages with x-maintenance-intent (as mentioned in https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-=
repository-archive-clarification-of-the-opam-fields).

    


    
We'll let you know once we have tooling in place to cope with the task desc=
ribed above (development is happening here: https://github.com/hannesm/maintenance-in=
tent-filter).

    

    

    

    

    

    Upcoming Cmdliner 2.0 changes that need your attention
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/upcoming-c=
mdliner-2-0-changes-that-need-your-attention/16211/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
If you are a user of cmdliner note that cmdliner 2.0 =E2=80=93=
 in exchange for auto-completion support =E2=80=93 will remove the ability =
to specify command and options names by unambiguous prefixes according to <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/dbuenzli/cmdliner/issues/200">this plan of act=
ion.=20

    


    
If you are horrified by it please chime in on the issue.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Editors Plugins Survey
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-editors-plugins-survey/16216/1=


    

    

    

    PizieDust announced
    

    

    
Hello, we are conducting a short survey to better understand how you use th=
e different editor plugins available for OCaml. Please take a few minutes (=
ideally 5) to fill out the form.=20

    


    
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfGGFZBiw4PF7L0yt2DBX8443G5_7=
aFL5v6wvo6p5MwL-DW8Q/viewform?usp=3Dpp_url&entry.454013858=3DDiscuss

    


    
Thank you :) :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/25

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone :camel:=20

    


    
The next Dune Dev Meeting will be on Wednesday, March, 5th at 9:00 CET. This is going to be a one-hour-long meeting.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronize with the Dune developers :smile:=20

    


    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to add more=
 items in it.

    



    

    

    

    

    Platform Newsletter: September - December 2024
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/platform-newsletter-s=
eptember-december-2024/16221/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the thirteenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this September-December 2024 edition, we are excited to bring you the la=
test on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting recent=
 developments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're headed=
, especially regarding development workflows and user experience improvemen=
ts, check out our roadm=
ap.

    


    
Highlights:

    




    
Feature Guides & Announcements:

    

    


    
Releases:

    



    

    

    Dune
    

    

    
Roadmap: Develop / (W4) Build a Project

    


    
Dune 3.17 was r=
eleased with significant improvements to package management. Key featur=
es include binary distribution support, better error messages for missing p=
ackages, and Windows support without requiring OPAM.

    


    
The Dune Developer Preview website now provides editor setup instructions and package management tutorials.

    


    
Dune's package management features w=
ere tested across hundreds of packages in the opam repository, and a co=
verage tool was developed to track build success rates. For local developme=
nt, Dune added support for building dependencies via @pkg-install, caching for package builds, and automated binary builds of development=
 tools. The system supports both monorepo and polyrepo workflows, with opti=
ons for installing individual dependencies or complete development environm=
ents.

    


    
The addition of Wasm_o=
f_ocaml support in Dune opens new possibilities for OCaml projects targ=
eting the web or other WebAssembly runtimes.=20

    


    
Activities:

    



    
Maintained by: Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane Street), Nicol=C3=A1s=
 Ojeda B=C3=A4r (@nojb, LexiFi), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, Tarides)=
, Etienne Millon (@emillon, Tarides), Stephen Sherratt (@gridbugs, Tarides)=
, Antonio Nuno Monteiro (@anmonteiro)

    

    

    

    

    Editor Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Edit / (W19) Navigate Code, Edit / (W20) Refactor Code

    


    
Developer tooling received substantial upgrades during the end of last year=
 and the beginning 2025. A major milestone for project-wide features has be=
en reached with the release of OCaml 5.3: LSP's renaming feature now renames symbols =
in the entire project if the index is built. Additionally, all o=
f the classic merlin-server commands are now available as LSP custom reques=
ts: this enabled the addition of many new features to th=
e Visual Studio Code plugin and the creation of a brand new Emacs mode,=
 based on LSP, now available on=
 Melpa.

    


    
These features bring OCaml editor support closer to modern IDE capabilities=
, with implementations available across multiple editors.

    

    

      

    • Merlin and OCaml LSP Server
      

      

      
Support for project wide renaming, search-by-type, and ocaml-lsp-server now=
 exposes all Merlin features via LSP custom queries.

      


      
Notable Activity

      



      
Bug Fixes

      

        

      • Fixed completion range issues with polymorphic variants (ocaml-lsp#1427)
        • 

      • Fixed various issues with jump code actions and added customization opt=
ions (ocaml-lsp#13=
76)
        • 

      • Various fixes and improvements have been made to signature help and inl=
ay hints
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Visual Studio Code plugin
      

      

      
Added support for most of the Merlin features historically availbale to Ema=
cs and Vim users, via the new LSP custom requests.=20

      


      
Notable Activity

      


        

      • Improved typed-of-selection feature, with ability to grow or shrink the=
 selection and increase verbosity (#1675).
        • 

      • Improved jump navigation (#1654), search-by-type (#1626)
        • 

      • Improved typed holes navigation (#1666).git push –set-upstream=
 origin publish_platform_newsletter_q4_24
        • 

      • New search-by-type command (#1626).
        • 

      


      
OCaml LSP Server maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Taride=
s), Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane=
 Street)

      


      
Merlin maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier=
 Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    • Emacs support
      

      

      
A brand new Emacs plugin based on the Eglot LSP client is now ready for dai=
ly usage: https://github=
.com/tarides/ocaml-eglot.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Documentation Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Share / (W25) Generate Documentation

    

    

      

    • Odoc
      

      

      
Maintained by: Jon Ludlam (@jonludlam, Tarides), Daniel B=C3=BCnzli =
(@dbuenzli), Jules Aguillon (@julow, Tarides), Paul-Elliot Angl=C3=A8s d'Au=
riac (@panglesd, Tarides), Emile Trotignon (@EmileTrotignon, Tarides, then =
Ahrefs)=20

      


      
There is now a beta release for odoc 3 that you can try out and give feedbac=
k on!

      


      
During the quarter, odoc has been making steady progress toward its 3.0 rel=
ease with several notable improvements:

      

        

      • Enhanced Navigation: The sidebar and breadcrumbs navigation has =
been unified and improved (#1251), making the documentation hierarchy more consistent and flex=
ible. This allows better organization of modules, pages, and source files i=
n the documentation.
        • 

      • Documentation Features: New features have been added to Odoc 3 (=
#1264), including:

          

        • Support for images with embedded assets
          • 

        • Cross-package linking (linking to modules from external libraries)
          • 

        • 

      • Search Integration: Sherlodoc, the search functionality, has bee=
n merged into the main odoc codebase (#1263), ensuring better maintenance and synchronized rel=
eases.
        • 

      


      
Notable Activity

      


      

      • 

    • Mdx upgraded to OCaml 5.3
      

      

      
Maintained by: Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, Tarides), Thomas Ga=
zagnaire (@samoht, Tarides)

      


      
With OCaml 5.3, some compiler error messages changed, so MDX was updated to=
 use a more expressive tag system to choose which version of the compiler c=
an run which code block. This effort uncovered a bug in the current handlin=
g of skipped blocks for mli files, which was fixed.

      


      
Notable Activity

      

        

      • OCaml 5.3 support (#457), ensuring the tool remains compatible with the latest OCam=
l releases.
        • 

      • Fixed error handling for skipped blocks in mli files (#462)
        • 

      • Improved syntax highlighting (#461)
        • 

      • Added support for multiple version labels (#458), improving the ability to test cod=
e across different OCaml versions.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Package Management
    

    

    


    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 04 to 11,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml projects utilizing Category theory
Docker base images and OCaml-CI support for OCaml < 4.08
ocamlmig, a tool to rewrite ocaml code, and complement `[@@deprecated]'
Ortac 0.6.0 improve bug reporting
Dune Developer Preview Updates
ppxlib.0.36.0
I created an OCaml grammar for ANTLR4 (Earley parser compatible)
Melange 5.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


OCaml projects utilizing Category theory
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Deep in this thread, Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I started writing [a series of articles about Pragmatic Category
  Theory] in OCaml, and there's a repository with examples:

  =E2=80=A2 

  If you're interested in a complete project, I made *CCL: Categorical
  Configuration Language* which leverages multiple Category Theory
  concepts:

  =E2=80=A2 [The Most Elegant Configuration Language by @chshersh]

  I'm currently working on a [GitHub TUI] project in OCaml but the usage
  of CT concepts is not that crazy there. For now, I only use Semigroup
  and Monoids (which some people don't even consider part of CT but just
  Abstract Algebra).


[a series of articles about Pragmatic Category Theory]


[The Most Elegant Configuration Language by @chshersh]


[GitHub TUI] 


Docker base images and OCaml-CI support for OCaml < 4.08
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mark Elvers announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The [opam repository archival] process has set the minimum supported
  OCaml version to 4.08 _for opam repository_.  It logically follows
  that opam-repo-ci should only test against OCaml >=3D 4.08.

  The purpose of this post is to get a sense of whether the rest of the
  OCaml infrastructure should also adopt the same lower bound.  The
  current lower bound is 4.02.

  Specific examples include OCaml-CI.  Individual projects can already
  opt out of testing on older platforms by adding a lower bound in the
  opam file.

  Docker base images are built for all versions of OCaml used in the CI
  systems. These images are published weekly on Docker Hub.  We know
  that these images are also used by the community, but the pull counter
  is not broken down by individual tag.  Potentially only the latest
  OCaml versions are being used.

  Users impacted by packages which have been archived from opam
  repository can easily restore the packages by adding the archive
  repository to the opam switch.  This only needs to be done once.
  Users can build their own Docker base images, but they would need to
  be rebuilt periodically to keep them up to date.

  Would removing testing on < 4.08 in OCaml CI or removing the Docker
  base images < 4.08 impact you?


[opam repository archival]



ocamlmig, a tool to rewrite ocaml code, and complement `[@@deprecated]'
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


v-gb announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi,

  I released a new version of ocamlmig in opam, whose main change is to
  avoid reformatting everything in codebases that don't use
  ocamlformat. Instead, only subexpressions touched by a rewrite are
  reformatted.  It also requalifies identifier in more places to
  preserve their meaning (e.g. when replacing `string_of_int' by
  `Int.to_string', there might be an `Int' module in scope that's not
  `Stdlib.Int'. In such case, ocamlmig would more often replace
  `string_of_int' by `Stdlib.Int.to_string').

  Separately, I've thought about the recent addition of let+ operators
  in Cmdliner, and how one might migrate from the use of `$' to
  them. Concretetely, given:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let bistro () (`Dry_run dry_run) (`Package_names pkg_names) ...=
 =3D the code
  =E2=94=82 open Cmdliner
  =E2=94=82 let term =3D Term.(const bistro $ Cli.setup $ Cli.dry_run $ ...)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  you'd want to have instead:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Cmdliner
  =E2=94=82 let term =3D
  =E2=94=82   Term.(Syntax.(
  =E2=94=82     let+ () =3D Cli.setup
  =E2=94=82     and+ (`Dry_run dry_run) =3D Cli.dry_run
  =E2=94=82     and+ (`Package_names pkg_names) =3D ...
  =E2=94=82     ...
  =E2=94=82     in
  =E2=94=82     the code))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  ocamlmig can now transform code this way, at the tip of the ocamlmig
  repo (not the last release). You can see it [in the second commit in
  this branch] (and further mechanical cleanups in the commits with "=E2=80=
=A6"
  bubbles), but to explain a bit:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let bistro () (`Dry_run dry_run) (`Package_names pkg_names) ...=
 =3D the code
  =E2=94=82 open Cmdliner
  =E2=94=82 let term =3D Term.(const bistro $ Cli.setup $ Cli.dry_run $ ...)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  is first turned into:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Cmdliner
  =E2=94=82 let term =3D Term.(const (fun () (`Dry_run dry_run) (`Package_n=
ames pkg_names) ... -> the code)
  =E2=94=82                  $ Cli.setup $ Cli.dry_run $ ...)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  which is then turned into the final code:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Cmdliner
  =E2=94=82 let term =3D
  =E2=94=82   Term.(Syntax.(
  =E2=94=82     let+ () =3D Cli.setup
  =E2=94=82     and+ (`Dry_run dry_run) =3D Cli.dry_run
  =E2=94=82     and+ (`Package_names pkg_names) =3D ...
  =E2=94=82     ...
  =E2=94=82     in
  =E2=94=82     the code))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The first step is done using `ocamlmig replace -w -e 'const [%move_def
  __f] /// const __f''. In short, what this does is anytime it sees
  `const some-identifier', it tries to inline the definition of the
  identifier. In details, the left side of the `///' specifies the code
  to search for, and the right side what to replace it with. `const ...'
  searches for literally `const' applied to one argument. `[%move_def
  __f]' is trickier: it matches identifiers that are let-bound somewhere
  in the current file, removes said let binding, and recursively matches
  the right hand side of the binding against `__f'. Variables that start
  with two underscores name a term for use in the replacement
  expression.

  The second step is done with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ocamlmig replace -w \
  =E2=94=82   -e 'const (fun __p1 __p2 __p3 -> __body) $ __e1 $ __e2 $ __e3
  =E2=94=82       /// let open Syntax in let+ __p1 =3D __e1 and+ __p2 =3D _=
_e2 and+ __p3 =3D __e3 in __body'
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is longer, but given the previous explanation, it's hopefully
  fairly clear what this does. The only twist is that ocamlmig
  generalizes this search/replace for three elements into an n-ary
  version (implicitly, although perhaps it should be explicit).

  And that's it. So this is the full command that I used:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ocamlmig replace -w \
  =E2=94=82   -e 'const [%move_def __f] /// const __f' \
  =E2=94=82   -e 'const (fun __p1 __p2 __p3 -> __body) $ __e1 $ __e2 $ __e3
  =E2=94=82       /// let open Syntax in let+ __p1 =3D __e1 and+ __p2 =3D _=
_e2 and+ __p3 =3D __e3 in __body'
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  which seems pretty reasonable considering the rewrite is somewhat
  sophisticated.

  In general, mechanizing a change can reduce the chance of accidentally
  modifying something, but in this specific case, ocamlmig also detects
  shadowing when moving code with `[%move_def]'. Shadowing would likely
  cause type errors or tests errors, but if it didn't, it'd be quite
  hard to catch during code review.

  Finally, if you want to try this out on your code, I'll note that
  `ocamlmig replace' is in flux, and that while the commands above work,
  obvious variations of them may not.


[in the second commit in this branch]



Ortac 0.6.0 improve bug reporting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Nicolas Osborne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone!

  We - at Tarides - are very pleased to announce the release of the
  Ortac-0.6.0 packages for specification-driven testing!

  Ortac/QCheck-STM is a test generator based on the [QCheck-STM]
  model-based testing framework and the [Gospel] specification language
  for OCaml.

  In addition to generating QCheck-STM tests based on the Gospel
  specifications, `Ortac/QCheck-STM' computes and display a bug report
  in case of test failure.

  This report contains the piece of Gospel specification that has been
  violated, a runnable scenario to reproduce the bug and the expected
  returned value (if there is enough information in the specification to
  compute it).

  This release improves the reporting in two ways.

  First, the way we need to formulate the description of the expected
  returned value has been made more flexible (and fixed). The main
  limitation was about functions returning a boolean. Because of the
  coercion mechanism, Gospel often transforms equalities involving a
  boolean into a double implication. For example: `b =3D Sequence.mem
  t.contents a' is transformed into `b =3D true <-> Sequence.mem
  t.contents a'. (For the curious, this is because `Sequence.mem'
  returns a `prop', not a `bool', and we don't have equality on
  `prop'). `Ortac/QCheck-STM' now explores more patterns, including the
  double implication one, to try to find a suitable description of the
  returned value to use in the bug report.

  Secondly, and more importantly, the Gospel specification language
  supports partial functions (`Sequence.hd' is *not* defined on the
  empty sequence for example). When we translate calls to such function
  to OCaml, we raise an exception when the call is out of the function's
  domain. Now, that exception was captured by QCheck at runtime, making
  the test a failure as expected. But the Ortac runtime was then stopped
  before being able to build and send the bug report to QCheck for
  display to the user. That was sad, so I've fixed it. We can now make
  use of Gospel partial functions when writing specifications and enjoy
  the bug report computed by `Ortac/QCheck-STM'!

  You can install Ortac/QCheck-STM via opam (we also advise installing
  and using Ortac/Dune):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install ortac-qcheck-stm ortac-dune
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You'll find more information in [Ortac/QCheck-STM documentation] and
  in The [Ortac/Dune readme].

  If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ping me :-)

  Next release should be about making Ortac/QCheck-STM generate tests of
  a library in a parallel context (this is, after all, one of the
  *raison d'=C3=AAtre* of the fantastic QCheck-STM test framework!).

  Happy testing!


[QCheck-STM] 

[Gospel] 

[Ortac/QCheck-STM documentation]


[Ortac/Dune readme]



Dune Developer Preview Updates
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Leandro Ostera announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello everyone! :waving_hand: Hope you had a great end of 2024 and
  your 2025 is starting well too :D

  We've been hard at work at Tarides to improve the Dune Developer
  Preview, and we'd love to learn more about what your adoption hurdles
  have been, so here's a very short form you can fill to let us know
  what's up.

  Happy hacking! :two_hump_camel:

  


ppxlib.0.36.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The ppxlib team is happy to announce the release of `ppxlib.0.36.0'!

  A full account of the changes can be found [on the 0.36.0 release].


[on the 0.36.0 release]


OCaml 5.2 Internal AST
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The main change in this release is that the internal AST used in
  ppxlib is now the same as OCaml 5.2's AST. Previously it was
  4.14.0. The internal AST dictates what features your ppx can and
  cannot generate. To avoid confusion, this does _not_ mean ppxlib only
  supports OCaml 5.2 and greater. Ppxlib still supports compilers
  starting at 4.08.0.

  *The bump to 5.2 has caused a lot of reverse dependencies to break* as
   the 5.2 AST represents functions differently ([see the Syntactic
   Function Arity RFC]). Many patches have already been sent to users of
   ppxlib in the past few months, but quite a few still remain.

  :warning: Ppx authors are advised to read [the wiki entry for
  upgrading to ppxlib.0.36.0]. :warning:

  Please do not hesitate to reach out if you need any help upgrading to
  `ppxlib.0.36.0'.


[see the Syntactic Function Arity RFC]


[the wiki entry for upgrading to ppxlib.0.36.0]



Other Changes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Change `Location.none' to match the compiler's `Location.none' =
as of
    OCaml 4.08.
  =E2=80=A2 New ways to create context free rules using floating expansions=
 =E2=80=93
    see [#560] for the details.
  =E2=80=A2 Add a `-raise-embedded-errors' flag to the driver. Setting this=
 flag
    raises the first `ocaml.error' embedded in the final AST.
  =E2=80=A2 Export `Ast_pattern.fail' making it easier to write new
    pattern-matchers.
  =E2=80=A2 Improvements to `Ast_traverse.sexp_of' to be more concise.

  Do read the changes entry/release for all of the acknowledgments =E2=80=93
  thank you to everyone who contributed to this release of ppxlib! A
  special thanks from me to @NathanReb who has been a massive help
  getting this work over the line.

  Thank you to Tarides and Jane Street for funding my time on this
  release of ppxlib.


[#560] 


I created an OCaml grammar for ANTLR4 (Earley parser compatible)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


ao wang announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Hi everyone,

  I=E2=80=99ve created an ANTLR4 grammar for OCaml that supports Earley par=
sing.
  Feel free to use it, and any feedback or contributions are welcome!

  GitHub Repository:
  


Melange 5.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Antonio Nuno Monteiro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear OCaml users,

  I'm proud to announce the release of Melange 5.0

  Melange is a backend for the OCaml compiler that emits
  JavaScript. This release features improvements across a few areas,
  mostly targeting OCaml 5.3 support and JavaScript expressivity:

  =E2=80=A2 OCaml version support: we=E2=80=99re releasing Melange 5 with f=
ull support
    across a few OCaml versions: 4.14, 5.1, 5.2 and the recently
    released 5.3
    =E2=80=A3 Melange uses a versioning scheme similar to Merlin=E2=80=99s:=
 releases are
      suffixed with the OCaml version they support, e.g. 5.0.1-414,
      5.0.1-53, etc.
  =E2=80=A2 We're introducing build system-aware, type-safe support for
    JavaScript's [dynamic import], allowing to code split
    Melange-generated JavaScript bundles without sacrificing
    type-safety.
  =E2=80=A2 Melange can now express [discriminated unions], a JavaScript pa=
ttern
    that

  The [release announcement] blog post covers the changes in a lot more
  detail. Please give it a read.

  I'm excited to count on the support of our financial sponsors [Ahrefs]
  and the [OCaml Software Foundation], without which this release would
  not have been possible.


[dynamic import]


[discriminated unions]


[release announcement]


[Ahrefs] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [OpenAI and structured outputs from OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [Feature Parity Series: Statmemprof Returns!]
  =E2=80=A2 [Announcing Melange 5]
  =E2=80=A2 [Learning OCaml: Functions without Parameters]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[OpenAI and structured outputs from OCaml]


[Feature Parity Series: Statmemprof Returns!]


[Announcing Melange 5]


[Learning OCaml: Functions without Parameters]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 04 to 11, 2025.

    

    

    

    OCaml projects utilizing Category theory
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-projects-utilizing=
-category-theory/16206/5

    

    

    

    Deep in this thread, Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
    

    

    
I started writing a series of articles about Pragmatic Categor=
y Theory in OCaml, and there's a repository with examples:

    




    
If you're interested in a complete project, I made CCL: Categorical Conf=
iguration Language which leverages multiple Category Theory concepts:

    




    
I'm currently working on a GitHub TUI project in OCaml but the usage of CT concepts is not that=
 crazy there. For now, I only use Semigroup and Monoids (which some people =
don't even consider part of CT but just Abstract Algebra).

    

    

    

    

    

    Docker base images and OCaml-CI support for OCaml < 4.08

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/docker-bas=
e-images-and-ocaml-ci-support-for-ocaml-4-08/16229/1

    

    

    

    Mark Elvers announced
    

    

    
The opam repository archival process =
has set the minimum supported OCaml version to 4.08 for opam repository.  It logically follows that opam-repo-ci shou=
ld only test against OCaml >=3D 4.08.

    


    
The purpose of this post is to get a sense of whether the rest of the OCaml=
 infrastructure should also adopt the same lower bound.  The current lower =
bound is 4.02.

    


    
Specific examples include OCaml-CI.  Individual projects can already opt ou=
t of testing on older platforms by adding a lower bound in the opam file.

    


    
Docker base images are built for all versions of OCaml used in the CI syste=
ms. These images are published weekly on Docker Hub.  We know that these im=
ages are also used by the community, but the pull counter is not broken dow=
n by individual tag.  Potentially only the latest OCaml versions are being =
used.

    


    
Users impacted by packages which have been archived from opam repository ca=
n easily restore the packages by adding the archive repository to the opam =
switch.  This only needs to be done once.  Users can build their own Docker=
 base images, but they would need to be rebuilt periodically to keep them u=
p to date.

    


    
Would removing testing on < 4.08 in OCaml CI or removing the Docker base=
 images < 4.08 impact you?

    

    

    

    

    

    ocamlmig, a tool to rewrite ocaml code, and complement [=
@@deprecated]
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/ann-ocamlmig-a-tool-to-rewrite-ocaml-code-and-complement-deprecated/160=
90/10

    

    

    

    v-gb announced
    

    

    
Hi,

    


    
I released a new version of ocamlmig in opam, whose main change is to avoid=
 reformatting everything in codebases that don't use ocamlformat. Instead, =
only subexpressions touched by a rewrite are reformatted.
It also requalifies identifier in more places to preserve their meaning (e.=
g. when replacing string_of_int by Int.to_string,=
 there might be an Int module in scope that's not Stdlib=
.Int. In such case, ocamlmig would more often replace string_o=
f_int by Stdlib.Int.to_string).

    


    
Separately, I've thought about the recent addition of let+ operators in Cmd=
liner, and how one might migrate from the use of $ to them. Co=
ncretetely, given:

    


    

    let bistro () (`Dry_run dry_run) (`Package_names pkg_names) ... =3D the code
open Cmdliner
let term =3D Term.<=
/span>(const bistro $ Cli.setup $=
 Cli.dry_run $ ...)

    

    


    
you'd want to have instead:

    


    

    open Cmdliner
let term =3D
  Term.(Syntax.(
    let+ () =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf;">Cli.setup
    and+ (`Dry_run dry_run) =3D and+ (`Package_names <=
span style=3D"color: #007a9f;">pkg_names) =3D ...
    ...
    in
    the code))

    

    


    
ocamlmig can now transform code this way, at the tip of the ocamlmig repo (=
not the last release). You can see it in the second commit in this branch (an=
d further mechanical cleanups in the commits with "…" bubbles), but =
to explain a bit:

    


    

    let bistro () (`Dry_run dry_run) (`Package_names pkg_names) ... =3D the code
open Cmdliner
let term =3D Term.<=
/span>(const bistro $ Cli.setup $=
 Cli.dry_run $ ...)

    

    


    
is first turned into:

    


    

    open Cmdliner
let term =3D Term.<=
/span>(const (fun=
 () (`Dry_run dry_run) (`Package_names pkg_names) ... -> the code)
                 $ Cli.setup $ Cli.dry_run $ ...)

    

    


    
which is then turned into the final code:

    


    

    open Cmdliner
let term =3D
  Term.(Syntax.(
    let+ () =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf;">Cli.setup
    and+ (`Dry_run dry_run) =3D and+ (`Package_names <=
span style=3D"color: #007a9f;">pkg_names) =3D ...
    ...
    in
    the code))

    

    


    
The first step is done using ocamlmig replace -w -e 'const [%move_def=
 __f] /// const __f'. In short, what this does is anytime it sees const some-identifier, it tries to inline the definition of the =
identifier. In details, the left side of the /// specifies the=
 code to search for, and the right side what to replace it with. cons=
t ... searches for literally const applied to one argum=
ent. [%move_def __f] is trickier: it matches identifiers that =
are let-bound somewhere in the current file, removes said let binding, and =
recursively matches the right hand side of the binding against __f. Variables that start with two underscores name a term for use in the =
replacement expression.

    


    
The second step is done with:

    


    

    ocamlmig replace -w \
  -e 'const (fun __p1 __p2 __p3 -> __bod=
y) $ __e1 $ __e2 $ __e3
      /// let open Syntax in let+ __p1 =3D =
__e1 and+ __p2 =3D __e2 and+ __p3 =3D __e3 in __body'

    

    


    
This is longer, but given the previous explanation, it's hopefully fairly c=
lear what this does. The only twist is that ocamlmig generalizes this searc=
h/replace for three elements into an n-ary version (implicitly, although pe=
rhaps it should be explicit).

    


    
And that's it. So this is the full command that I used:

    


    

    ocamlmig replace -w \
  -e 'const [%move_def __f] /// const __f'<=
/span> \
  -e 'const (fun __p1 __p2 __p3 -> __bod=
y) $ __e1 $ __e2 $ __e3
      /// let open Syntax in let+ __p1 =3D =
__e1 and+ __p2 =3D __e2 and+ __p3 =3D __e3 in __body'

    

    


    
which seems pretty reasonable considering the rewrite is somewhat sophistic=
ated.

    


    
In general, mechanizing a change can reduce the chance of accidentally modi=
fying something, but in this specific case, ocamlmig also detects shadowing=
 when moving code with [%move_def]. Shadowing would likely cau=
se type errors or tests errors, but if it didn't, it'd be quite hard to cat=
ch during code review.

    


    
Finally, if you want to try this out on your code, I'll note that oca=
mlmig replace is in flux, and that while the commands above work, ob=
vious variations of them may not.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ortac 0.6.0 improve bug reporting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ortac-0-6-0-improve-bug=
-reporting/16232/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone!

    


    
We - at Tarides - are very pleased to announce the release of the Ortac-0.6=
.0 packages for specification-driven testing!

    


    
Ortac/QCheck-STM is a test generator based on the QCheck-STM model-based testing fra=
mework and the Gospel specification language for OCaml.

    


    
In addition to generating QCheck-STM tests based on the Gospel specificatio=
ns, Ortac/QCheck-STM computes and display a bug report in case=
 of test failure.

    


    
This report contains the piece of Gospel specification that has been violat=
ed, a runnable scenario to reproduce the bug and the expected returned valu=
e (if there is enough information in the specification to compute it).

    


    
This release improves the reporting in two ways.

    


    
First, the way we need to formulate the description of the expected returne=
d value has been made more flexible (and fixed). The main limitation was ab=
out functions returning a boolean. Because of the coercion mechanism, Gospe=
l often transforms equalities involving a boolean into a double implication=
. For example: b =3D Sequence.mem t.contents a is transformed =
into b =3D true <-> Sequence.mem t.contents a. (For the =
curious, this is because Sequence.mem returns a prop, not a bool, and we don't have equality on prop). Ortac/QCheck-STM now explores more patterns, including th=
e double implication one, to try to find a suitable description of the retu=
rned value to use in the bug report.

    


    
Secondly, and more importantly, the Gospel specification language supports =
partial functions (Sequence.hd is not defined on the em=
pty sequence for example). When we translate calls to such function to OCam=
l, we raise an exception when the call is out of the function's domain. Now=
, that exception was captured by QCheck at runtime, making the test a failu=
re as expected. But the Ortac runtime was then stopped before being able to=
 build and send the bug report to QCheck for display to the user. That was =
sad, so I've fixed it. We can now make use of Gospel partial functions when=
 writing specifications and enjoy the bug report computed by Ortac/QC=
heck-STM!

    


    
You can install Ortac/QCheck-STM via opam (we also advise installing and us=
ing Ortac/Dune):

    


    $ opam install ortac-qcheck-stm ortac-dune

    


    
You'll find more information in Ortac/QCheck-STM documentation and in=
 The Ortac/Dune readme.

    


    
If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ping me :-)

    


    
Next release should be about making Ortac/QCheck-STM generate tests of a li=
brary in a parallel context (this is, after all, one of the raison d'=C3=
=AAtre of the fantastic QCheck-STM test framework!).

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune Developer Preview Updates
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-developer-preview-up=
dates/15160/57

    

    

    

    Leandro Ostera announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone! :waving_hand: Hope you had a great end of 2024 and your 202=
5 is starting well too :D=20

    


    
We've been hard at work at Tarides to improve the Dune Developer Preview, a=
nd we'd love to learn more about what your adoption hurdles have been, so h=
ere's a very short form you can fill to let us know what's up.

    


    
Happy hacking! :two_hump_camel:=20

    


    
https://forms.gle/piaw12XBY=
UeaCmg56

    

    

    

    

    

    ppxlib.0.36.0
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppxlib-0-36-0/16241/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
The ppxlib team is happy to announce the release of ppxlib.0.36.0!=20

    


    
A full account of the changes can be found on the 0.36.0 release.

    

    

    

    OCaml 5.2 Internal AST
    

    

    
The main change in this release is that the internal AST used in ppxlib is =
now the same as OCaml 5.2's AST. Previously it was 4.14.0. The internal AST=
 dictates what features your ppx can and cannot generate. To avoid confusio=
n, this does not mean ppxlib only supports=
 OCaml 5.2 and greater. Ppxlib still supports compilers starting at 4.08.0.

    


    
The bump to 5.2 has caused a lot of reverse dependencies to break as=
 the 5.2 AST represents functions differently (see the Syntactic Function Arity RFC). Many patch=
es have already been sent to users of ppxlib in the past few months, but qu=
ite a few still remain.=20

    


    
:warning: Ppx authors are advised to read the wiki entry for upgrading=
 to ppxlib.0.36.0. :warning:=20

    


    
Please do not hesitate to reach out if you need any help upgrading to ppxlib.0.36.0.

    

    

    

    

    Other Changes
    

    

      

    • Change Location.none to match the compiler's Locatio=
n.none as of OCaml 4.08.
      • 

    • New ways to create context free rules using floating expansions –=
; see #560 for=
 the details.
      • 

    • Add a -raise-embedded-errors flag to the driver. Setting t=
his flag raises the first ocaml.error embedded in the final AS=
T.
      • 

    • Export Ast_pattern.fail making it easier to write new patt=
ern-matchers.
      • 

    • Improvements to Ast_traverse.sexp_of to be more concise.

    


    
Do read the changes entry/release for all of the acknowledgments – t=
hank you to everyone who contributed to this release of ppxlib! A special t=
hanks from me to @NathanReb who has been a massive help getting this work o=
ver the line.

    


    
Thank you to Tarides and Jane Street for funding my time on this release of=
 ppxlib.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    I created an OCaml grammar for ANTLR4 (Earley parser compatibl=
e)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/i-=
created-an-ocaml-grammar-for-antlr4-earley-parser-compatible/16246/1

    

    

    

    ao wang announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
I=E2=80=99ve created an ANTLR4 grammar for OCaml that supports Earley parsi=
ng.=20=20
Feel free to use it, and any feedback or contributions are welcome!

    


    
GitHub Repository:
https://github.com/WangAo0311/Antlr4-ocaml-earley-parser-grammar

    

    

    

    

    

    Melange 5.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-melange-5-0/16247/1

    

    

    

    Antonio Nuno Monteiro announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml users,

    


    
I'm proud to announce the release of Melange 5.0

    


    
Melange is a backend for the OCaml compiler that emits JavaScript. This rel=
ease features improvements across a few areas, mostly targeting OCaml 5.3 s=
upport and JavaScript expressivity:

    


      

    • OCaml version support: we=E2=80=99re releasing Melange 5 with full supp=
ort across a few OCaml versions: 4.14, 5.1, 5.2 and the recently released 5=
.3

        

      • Melange uses a versioning scheme similar to Merlin=E2=80=99s: releases =
are suffixed with the OCaml version they support, e.g. 5.0.1-414, 5.0.1-53,=
 etc.
        • 

      • 

    • We're introducing build system-aware, type-safe support for JavaScript'=
s dynamic import, allowing to code split Melange-ge=
nerated JavaScript bundles without sacrificing type-safety.
      • 

    • Melange can now express discrimina=
ted unions, a JavaScript pattern that
      • 

    


    
The release =
announcement blog post covers the changes in a lot more detail. Please =
give it a read.

    


    
I'm excited to count on the support of our financial sponsors Ahrefs and the OCaml Software Foundation, without which this release would not have b=
een possible.

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 11 to 18, 2025.

    



    

    Upgrading Semgrep from OCaml 4 to OCaml 5 + dynamic_gc utility=

    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/upgr=
ading-semgrep-from-ocaml-4-to-ocaml-5-dynamic-gc-utility/16256/1

    

    

    

    Nat Mote announced
    

    

    
I've written up my experience upgrading Semgrep to OCaml 5. T=
he main barrier we faced was increased memory consumption, but I was able t=
o tune the garbage collector to address this problem. We have also open-sou=
rced the utility I wrote<=
/a> to adjust the space_overhead GC parameter based on heap si=
ze. We are looking forward to taking advantage of all the great new feature=
s in OCaml 5!

    

    

    

    

    

    Open source OCaml algotrading with longleaf 1.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/open-source-oca=
ml-algotrading-with-longleaf-1-0-0/16264/1

    

    

    

    adventure announced
    

    

    
Recently, I have been working on a project called longleaf for algorithmic trading of US stocks=
 with OCaml.  The project has reached a point where it may be interesting t=
o others, so I thought I would share it here and write a simple README, alt=
hough there could be a lot more documentation.  I would be curious to hear =
if anyone has any ideas for this!  If you try to use it or have any feedbac=
k or questions, feel free to leave a post here, make a github issue, or mak=
e a github discussion.=20

    


    
In a nutshell, the idea is that strategies are functors that are instantiat=
ed with a "backend" for backtesting, live, or paper trading.  That way, whe=
ther you are testing your strategy or running it live, it is exactly the sa=
me strategy other than how the execution of orders is handled.  In order to=
 use it, you will need to set up some accounts and there are likely bugs.  =
Of course, if you use this program with real money and something bad happen=
s, it is entirely your responsibility!

    


    
github

    

    

    

    

    

    Neocaml - a TreeSitter-powered Emacs package for OCaml program=
ming
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
neocaml-a-treesitter-powered-emacs-package-for-ocaml-programming/16268/1

    

    

    

    Bozhidar Batsov announced
    

    

    
In a different topics I wrote about about my recent work on neocaml, and I =
thought it might be a good idea to post something separately as well. Check=
 out the project's GitHub re=
po and the short blog post.

    


    
Contributions and feedback are most welcome, and I hope neocaml will be useful to some of you either a tool or as a source of inspiration.

    

    

    

    

    

    Senior Software Engineer at Bloomberg. New York
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/senior-software-en=
gineer-at-bloomberg-new-york/16271/1

    

    

    

    Maxim Grankin announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! =F0=9F=91=8B

    


    
Bloomberg is looking for a full-time Senior Software Engineer in New York:

    


      

    • Gain experience applying functional programming to real production fina=
ncial systems
      • 

    • Use OCaml to develop a robust template system to assist users in creati=
ng a wide range of financial instruments across various asset classes
      • 

    • Help shape the strategy for growth of OCaml at Bloomberg by contributin=
g to the various OCaml infrastructure projects across the company
      • 

    • Opportunity to learn some of the financial domain that's at the core of=
 the extensive derivative functionality
      • 

    


    
Please see more details and/or apply at (Senior Software Engineer - Functi=
onal Programming).

    


    
Feel free to reach out to me directly by email (mgrankin@bloomberg.net) if =
you have any questions. Thank you!

    

    

    

    

    

    Upcoming Cmdliner 2.0 changes that need your attention
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/upcoming-c=
mdliner-2-0-changes-that-need-your-attention/16211/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced<=
/h3>

    

    
Other changes you may want to pay attention to is that cmdliner 2.0 will:=20

    


      

    1. Remove deprecated identifiers.
      2. 

    2. Make the Arg.conv type abstract[^1].
      3. 

    


    
If you happen to be walking around your cmdliner usage or maki=
ng a new cli these days, pay particular attention to 2. as the concrete typ=
e has been deprecated since 2017 but sadly it was never possible to make it=
 a visible deprecation (OCaml compiler help us! :man_bowing:).=20

    


    
Note that both 1. and 2. can be resolved now by using cmdliner.1.3.0, there=
 are a few inst=
ructions here. It's no guaranteed, but if you are on opam =
I may have filed an issue in your issue tracker :waving_hand:.

    


    
P.S. I think there's not a single occurence where I did not eventually regr=
et making a public type concrete.

    


    
[^1]:  So that completion behaviours can be defined at that level; aswell a=
s the documentation metavariable which you could specify with Arg.con=
v constructors for ages but would simply be dropped to return the co=
ncrete pair.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/26

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi!=20
The next Dune Dev Meeting will be on Wednesday, March, 19th at 16:00 CET=
. This is going to be a one-hour-long meeting.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronize with the Dune developers :+1:=20

    


    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to add more=
 items in it.

    



    

    

    

    

    New release of Monolith (20250314)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-monolith-=
20250314/16303/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce a new "Pi Day" release of Monolith.

    


    
Monolith is an OCaml library that helps perform black-box testing of OCaml =
libraries, either via purely random testing, or via grey-box fuzzing.

    


    
This new release adds new command-line options to the executable program th=
at Monolith produces by default. Furthermore, it extends Monolith's API wit=
h a new function, run, so the user can invoke Monolith's engin=
e as part of their own application, without letting Monolith parse the comm=
and line. These improvements make it easier to use a Monolith-based test as=
 part of a continuous integration (CI) system. Thanks to Gabriel Scherer fo=
r suggesting these improvements.

    


    opam update
opam install monolith.20250314

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    

    

    dream_middleware_ext v0.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-middleware-ext-v0-1-0/1=
6306/1

    

    

    

    Geoffrey Borough announced
    

    

    
A collection of middleware utilities for Dream framework, Initial release v=
0.1.0

    


    
Currently supporting the following functionalities:

    


    
CORS: Cross-Origin Resource Sharing

    


    
Delay: simulates delayed request

    


    
Rate Limiter: supports Fixed Window and Token Bucket algorithms

    


    
Traffic Filter: supports IP, header and cookie based traffic filters

    



    

    

    

    

    Learn Programming with OCaml (new book)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/learn-programming-with-oca=
ml-new-book/16111/13

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Jean Christophe Filliatre ann=
ounced
    

    

    
A preliminary EPUB version=
 of the book is now available. Feedback is most welcome (preferably by =
submitting an issue here).

    


    
Big thanks to @Chet_Murthy who spent weeks working this out from our LaTeX =
sources.

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 18 to 25,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Ocsigen migrating to effect-based concurrency
Slipshow!
Odoc 3.0 released!
4th editor tooling dev-meeting: 28th of March
The Call for Papers for FUNARCH2025 is open!
Proposal for the replacement of Set and Map in the stdlib
A tool to reverse debug OCaml (and other binaries) runs
Feedback request: New lesson on `Lazy'
OCaml Workshop 2025 at ICFP/SPLASH - announcement and call for proposals
Old CWN


Ocsigen migrating to effect-based concurrency
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Vincent Balat announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're delighted to announce that the [Ocsigen] project has just
  launched one of its most ambitious changes: moving from Lwt to
  effects-based concurrency.

  If this experiment goes well, it will be another step towards
  simplifying Web development in OCaml, by eliminating the need for
  monads.

  Of course we will try to make this transition as smooth as possible,
  by providing a compatibility interface for application developers, and
  tools to help Web and mobile developers to do the transition
  themselves if they want to. These tools will be released in order to
  help other projects to do the transition and avoid incompatibilities
  between OCaml libraries as much as possible.

  This work was made possible thanks to the support of the [NGI Zero
  Core fund] through the [Nlnet foundation], and is perfomed by
  [Tarides].

  Read the [full announcement] by Tarides.


[Ocsigen] 

[NGI Zero Core fund] 

[Nlnet foundation] 

[Tarides] 

[full announcement]



Slipshow!
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=95=90

  Archive: 


Paul-Elliot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear reader,

  I am _absolutely thrilled_ to announce the release of slipshow `0.1.1'
  on this forum! As you have all noticed, that is a _huge_ leap from the
  previous version, `0.0.34'. (What can have motivated this?)

  Recall that [Slipshow] is a tool to prepare presentation support, that
  is based on scripted scrolling and zooming (instead of slides).

  I'll use this single thread to announce all future versions of
  slipshow, to avoid polluting the global namespace, as it makes sense
  to keep this forum centered around OCaml, and this tool has nothing to
  do with OCaml =E2=80=A6

  =E2=80=A6 well, almost nothing to do with OCaml, since in this version the
  engine has been fully rewritten in OCaml (hence the bold new version)
  and works much better! Making it a full OCaml project. Thanks, OCaml
  developers of open source libraries and language!

  To upgrade it, you can do:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam update
  =E2=94=82 $ opam upgrade slipshow
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  What? Some people don't have it installed already? For those, it will
  be:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam update
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install slipshow
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Now comes the moment you are all waiting for: the list of new
  features!

  *TLDR*:
  =E2=80=A2 Engine rewritten in OCaml
    =E2=80=A2 Fewer bugs when navigating back
    =E2=80=A2 Stronger foundation (eg, for subslips)
    =E2=80=A2 Custom scripts requires minor adjustments
    =E2=80=A2 Breaking change in subslip HTML
  =E2=80=A2 Drawing now in SVG
    =E2=80=A2 No more zoom issues
    =E2=80=A2 Erasing works "per-stroke"
  =E2=80=A2 Revamped table of content
    =E2=80=A2 Now based on title structure rather than subslips
  =E2=80=A2 New `--markdown-output' flag for converting to GFM
  =E2=80=A2 Parser bugfixes
  =E2=80=A2 License change: Now GPLv3 (previously MIT)
  =E2=80=A2 npm distribution discontinued.
  =E2=80=A2 Special thanks to NLNet for their [sponsorship]!

  Dear readers,

  I am thrilled to announce the 0.1 release of Slipshow, the slip-based
  presentation tool!

  This is a _major_ minor release. While versions `0.0.1' to `0.0.33'
  have served well to experiment, this release marks a fresh start,
  aimed at being a solid foundation for a project with a clear
  direction. A huge thank you to NLNet for [sponsoring] this milestone!

  So, what is new? Quite a lot, the main change being that the engine
  has been _fully rewritten_.


[Slipshow] 

[sponsorship] 

[sponsoring] 

The engine
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Started as a single file javascript project, the old engine evolved
  presentation by presentation =E2=80=93 leading to numerous bugs, maintena=
nce
  challenge or extensibility issue. (In other word, I did all I could
  not to touch it despite all the bugs)

  This release introduces a complete rewrite of the engine in OCaml,
  with new design choices that improve reliability and
  expandability. Let's go over the key benefits and breaking changes.


=E2=97=8A Navigating Forward=E2=80=A6 and Backward

  One of the greatest weakness of the old engine was handling backward
  navigation. Since it started as a simple "script scheduler", going
  back wasn't straightforward. The workaround involved taking a snapshot
  of=E2=80=A6 everything (the DOM, the state, =E2=80=A6), to be able to go =
back in time.

  This had many bugs, in animations (such as the "focus" action), and in
  its iteraction with other features (such as drawing).

  So, what is new in this engine? The engine now records an undo
  function for each step of the presentation. While this may not sound
  much, it is a ton better in terms of development. It's a much stronger
  foundation to build new features from. It's also much more efficient
  for long presentations.

  In most cases, your old presentations will work without modification
  in the new engine. However, there is one case where it needs
  modification: when you include the execution of a custom script in
  your presentation. In this case, you need to return the function undo
  to undo the executed step: see the [documentation]! (This is not ideal
  and better solutions are being experimented)


  [documentation]
  


=E2=97=8A Writing

  Previously, live annotations used the excellent [atrament]
  library. While great in many cases, its bitmap-based approach caused
  blurriness when zooming.

  This release introduces a custom SVG-based annotation system, which
  eliminates zoom issues. Another change: erasing now works
  stroke-by-stroke instead of pixel-by-pixel.


  [atrament] 


=E2=97=8A Table of content

  The old table of contents was based on the slip structure, which
  didn=E2=80=99t work well for presentations that primarily used a single s=
lip
  (as is often the case with compiled presentations).

  The new sidebar-style table of contents is now generated from headers,
  making it more intuitive and aligned with the presentation=E2=80=99s
  structure=E2=80=94resulting in a much smoother navigation experience!


=E2=97=8A Breaking change: Subslips

  The HTML structure for subslips has evolved, in particuler to avoid
  having to provide the scale of your subslips.

  Support for subslip in the new engine is not mature and will be
  announced in the next release, but bear in mind that if your
  presentation relies on them, you might want to wait a bit before
  migrating to the new engine!


Compiler
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  While this release focuses on the engine, the compiler has also seen
  improvements, including bug fixes (particularly in the parser) and a
  new feature:


=E2=97=8A `--markdown-output' for markdown exports

  If you want to print your presentation or host it as a static webpage,
  the default format can be cluttered with annotations. The new
  `--markdown-output' flag lets you generate a clean, GitHub Flavored
  Markdown (GFM) file without annotations.


Other
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A small but maybe important note: the license has changed, the project
  has transitioned from MIT to GPLv3, aligning better with its values.


Conclusion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Looking forward to your bug reports!


Christian Lindig asked and Paul-Elliot replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Could you link to a demo presentation done with this tool?

  Sure!

  [Here] is a presentation of the tool itself, in French. The source
  file for it is [here].

  [Here] is a math presentation using more features (made using a
  previous version of the engine, which had more features and more
  bugs).

  [Here] is the historical first presentation made in Slipshow (made
  with the worst version of the engine).

  (I include presentations made with old versions of the engine to give
  an idea of what you can do, as the new engine is very new I don't have
  many examples using it, and it has some breaking changes which makes
  porting old presentations using too many features hard to port!)


[Here] 

[here]


[Here] 

[Here] 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [Here] is a non-dogfooded one.


[Here] 


Odoc 3.0 released!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jon Ludlam announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On behalf of the Odoc development team, I=E2=80=99m delighted to announce=
 the
  release of Odoc 3! This is a big big release with loads of new
  features and bug fixes, and I encourage everyone to install it and
  have a play!

  For an overview of the new features see our [beta release
  announcement]. tl;dr:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install odoc-driver # will install odoc 3
  =E2=94=82 $ odoc_driver odoc odoc-parser odoc-driver odoc-md sherlodoc --=
remap
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and point your browser at `_html/index.html'. This example shows
  odoc_driver creating the docs for the 5 packages specified and
  remapping links to other packages (see [here] for an explanation)

  If you try the above command, you'll note something interesting, and
  hopefully this will encourage you to run `odoc_driver' on your own
  packages before you release them, as then you'll be able to avoid
  slightly embarrassing post-release fixes like [this one] =F0=9F=98=AC

  Here are the changes from the beta release:


[beta release announcement]


[here]


[this one] 

Added
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


Changed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


Fixed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 


4th editor tooling dev-meeting: 28th of March
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


PizieDust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone, join us for the next *Editor Public Dev-Meeting* on
  *March 28th*! This session will feature a talk from *Xavier (@xvw)* on
  the latest *Emacs functionalities* integrated with *OCaml LSP server*.

  :clipboard: Meeting agenda:

  =E2=80=A2 A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to
    present themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
  =E2=80=A2 Talk from Xavier and Q&A
  =E2=80=A2 Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or
    mentioned during the tour-de-table.

  =E2=80=A2 =F0=9F=94=B9 *What=E2=80=99s new in Emacs for OCaml development=
?*
  =E2=80=A2 =F0=9F=94=B9 *How the latest LSP improvements enhance the exper=
ience?*
  =E2=80=A2 =F0=9F=94=B9 *Live demo and discussion on upcoming features*

  =E2=80=A2 =F0=9F=93=85 *Date:* March 28th
  =E2=80=A2 =F0=9F=95=90 *Time:* 4PM CET
  =E2=80=A2 =F0=9F=93=8D *Location:* [https://meet.google.com/wrv-dovu-ypb]

  This is a great opportunity to learn about the latest improvements and
  share feedback with the community. Looking forward to seeing you
  there! =F0=9F=9A=80

  Previous meeting notes are available in [Merlin=E2=80=99s repository wiki]

  


[https://meet.google.com/wrv-dovu-ypb]


[Merlin=E2=80=99s repository wiki]



The Call for Papers for FUNARCH2025 is open!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jeffrey Young announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello everyone,

  This year I am chairing the Functional Architecture workshop colocated
  with ICFP and SPLASH.

  I'm happy to announce that the Call for Papers for FUNARCH2025 is open
  - *deadline is June 16th*! Send us research papers, experience
  reports, architectural pearls, or submit to the open category! The
  [idea] behind the workshop is to cross pollinate the software
  architecture and functional programming discourse, and to share
  techniques for constructing large long-lived systems in a functional
  language.

  See [FUNARCH2025 - ICFP/SPLASH] for more information. You may also
  browse previous year's submissions [here] and [here].

  See you in Singapore!


[idea] 

[FUNARCH2025 - ICFP/SPLASH]


[here] 

[here] 


Proposal for the replacement of Set and Map in the stdlib
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Christophe Raffalli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  While working on AVL for teaching I found an alternative to the AVL
  that seems overall better than the current ocaml implementation. The
  code is available here:
  [https://github.com/craff/ocaml-avl/tree/master]. The Readme.md
  contains the inequality needed to prove correctness and termination of
  the balancing function "join".

  The idea is to replace the constraint

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 |height left_son - height right_son| <=3D 2=20
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  By

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 size left_son <=3D 2 * size right_son + 1
  =E2=94=82 size right_son <=3D 2 * size left_son + 1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We see 3 advantages:

  =E2=80=A2 O(1) cardinal of set or map
  =E2=80=A2 slightly simpler code or at least not more complicated (see bel=
ow)
  =E2=80=A2 seems faster in many cases (not always and strangely depends on
    compilation options). Use `dune exec ./test.exe' for some simple
    tests.

  Before submitting a PR, I think it call be a good idea to call for
  comments here.

  Cheers, Christophe


[https://github.com/craff/ocaml-avl/tree/master]



A tool to reverse debug OCaml (and other binaries) runs
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sid Kshatriya announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'd like to announce a debugging tool I've built ! It's called
  *_Software Counters mode_ `rr'* .

  It is available at 

  Many of you may have already heard of a debugger called [`rr'] =E2=80=93 =
it
  allows you to record and replay programs on Linux. It is extremely
  useful for instance to debug issues with garbage collection or other
  low level issues in natively compiled OCaml programs. Once you capture
  a bug during the record phase, that bug can be replayed any number of
  times during replay.

  One major limitation of `rr' is that it requires access to CPU
  Hardware Performance counters which is usually not available in cloud
  VMs or containers.

  *_Software Counters mode_ `rr' is a modification of the `rr' debugger
   that lifts this limitation =E2=80=93 access to CPU Hardware Performance
   counters is not required*. This means you can run `rr' in many more
   configurations.

  I've been able to successfully record/replay the whole OCaml compiler
  test suite using _Software Counters_ mode `rr' (Except for a single
  ocaml test called `pr2195' which exhausts the file descriptors).

  *I've also written a blog post* about record/replay debugging
   generally and _Software Counters mode_ in particular. Please see
   [here].


[`rr'] 

[here]



Feedback request: New lesson on `Lazy'
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jakub Svec announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I created a lesson on the `Lazy' module that I'd like to propose for
  the language tutorials section of ocaml.org.

  You can find the draft on [HackMD]

  Please suggest anything you would like, I'm happy to make several
  rounds of improvement.


[HackMD] 

Lesson implementation decisions:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This lesson is focused on beginners.

  The first draft of this lesson is 345 lines, which is on the shorter
  side compared to other lessons.

  The surface area of the `Lazy' module is small, so I took the
  opportunity to supplement the lesson with a thorough explanation of
  evaluation strategies. This is supplemental, however, and can be
  shortened or removed based on your preferences.

  Without the supplemental section, the lesson is only 200 lines long.


OCaml Workshop 2025 at ICFP/SPLASH - announcement and call for proposals
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Kiran Gopinathan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hihi everyone!!!

  This year, the [ICFP] (International conference on Functional
  Programming) Programming Languages conferences will be held in
  Singapore (colocated with [SPLASH] in fact!):

  

  Continuing this community's annual tradition from 2012, we will be
  hosting the OCaml workshop after the ICFP conference, on the *17th
  October 2025 (Friday)*. The workshop is intended to cover all
  different kinds of aspects of the OCaml programming language as well
  as the OCaml ecosystem and its community, such as scientific and/or
  research-oriented, engineering and/or user-oriented, as well as social
  and/or community-oriented.


[ICFP] 

[SPLASH] 

Call for talk proposals
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The [call for talk proposals] for the workshop is now open!


[call for talk proposals]


=E2=97=8A Dates

  Here are the important dates:

  =E2=80=A2 Talk proposal submission deadline: *July 3rd (Thursday)*
  =E2=80=A2 Author notification: *August 7th (Thursday)*
  =E2=80=A2 Workshop: *October 17th (Friday)*


=E2=97=8A Submissions

  Submissions are typically around 2 pages long (flexible), describing
  the motivations of the work and what the presentation would be about.

  We encourage everyone who might be interested in giving a talk to
  submit a proposal! We truly mean everyone, and also have strongly
  anyone in mind who belongs to a group that=E2=80=99s traditionally
  underrepresented at OCaml workshops, e.g. due to your gender(s) or
  non-gender, where you=E2=80=99re from or based or whatever other kinds of
  characteristics you might have. You should all be able to find all
  information you=E2=80=99ll need to submit a proposal on the official [cal=
l for
  talk proposals]. However, if you have any question, don=E2=80=99t hesitat=
e to
  ask us.


  [call for talk proposals]
  


=E2=97=8A Quota on accepted talks per affiliation

  Following the approach from last year which worked well, this year
  again we will try to enforce a quota of a maximum of four talks given
  by speakers with the same company/university/institute affiliation. In
  order to guarantee a coverage of a diverse range of topics and
  perspectives, we=E2=80=99ll experiment with the same affiliation quota ag=
ain.

  Do not hesitate to submit your talk proposal in any case: quotas, if
  needed, will be taken into account by the PC after reviewing all
  submissions, so there=E2=80=99s no reason to self-select upfront.


About the workshop itself
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  So far, we=E2=80=99ve only covered the talk proposals and formalities. The
  exciting part will be the workshop itself! The OCaml workshop is going
  to be a whole-day event and, similarly to previous years, it=E2=80=99s li=
kely
  going to have four sessions of about four talks each. It=E2=80=99s a fair=
ly
  informal and interactive environment, where people engage in all kinds
  of conversations about OCaml during the breaks and after the workshop.


=E2=97=8A Hybrid attendance and cost for speakers

  We=E2=80=99re aiming to make the workshop hybrid with the same streaming
  modalities as last year, meaning that *talks as well as participation
  can be either in-person or remote*, and *remote attendance will be
  free*. To promote a good atmosphere, communication and engagement, we
  prefer to have most talks in-person, but remote talks will be most
  welcome as well.

  There may be opportunities for speakers who would not have funding
  otherwise (via their employer or university) to attend, although we
  are still in the process of confirming this. (Please keep an eye on
  this post, which will be updated once we get confirmation!)

  We will do our best to provide the best workshop experience possible
  for remote participants, within the constraints of the hybrid
  format. While attending in-person does come with advantages, it also
  comes with an environmental cost, and we strongly support
  transitioning to a less plane-intensive organization for conferences
  and community events :deciduous_tree: .


=E2=97=8A Related events

  The day before the OCaml workshop, i.e. Oct 16th (Thursday), is the
  day of the [ML workshop], with focus on more theoretical aspects of
  OCaml and the whole family of ML languages in general. The ML workshop
  and tends to be very interesting for OCaml lovers as well.

  That aside, this year, I believe, is the first year that both the ICFP
  and SPLASH programming languages conferences are going to be
  co-located, so this is an exciting opportunity to experience the whole
  breadth of two of the top-ranked PL conferences over the span of a
  week! What a time to be alive!

  We=E2=80=99re looking forward to the the talk submissions and to the work=
shop!
  Let us know if you have any questions.  @Gopiandcode & @yasunariw


  [ML workshop]
  


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 25 to April
01, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

MlFront_ZipFile - High-level API for zip files
MlFront_Cache - Transient caches + slowly varying data
New lesson on polymorphic variants
The OBazl Toolsuite 3.0.0.beta.1
Dune dev meeting
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


MlFront_ZipFile - High-level API for zip files
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce that `MlFront_ZipFile.2.3.0', a package that
  can do basic zip/unzip operations on a zip file, was released
  today. It is available on opam with `opam update' and `opam install
  MlFront_ZipFile'.

  There are other opam packages for zip files, and often those are more
  appropriate. `MlFront_ZipFile' is different because:

  =E2=80=A2 It is very high-level. I wanted an API to unzip and zip, with a
    simple observer API for unzipping so I could attach @CraigFe's
    excellent [`progress'] bar library.
  =E2=80=A2 It can unzip 4GB files in a 32-bit OCaml runtime.
  =E2=80=A2 It has a permissive license.
  =E2=80=A2 It is not thread-safe (except unzipping).
  =E2=80=A2 It fully embeds the C code. That means it works on Windows and
    should work under cross-compilation without needing a
    non-portable/non-reproducible `pkg-config' installation.
  =E2=80=A2 It has a binary `mlfront-zip' which can do glob-based exclusion=
s (a
    feature not present in the typical InfoZip `/usr/bin/zip' that comes
    with Unix or PowerShell `Compress-Archive' on Windows). macOS,
    Windows and Linux have prebuilt binaries.

  Here are the relevant links:
  =E2=80=A2 Docs:
    [https://dkml.gitlab.io/build-tools/MlFront/MlFront_ZipFile/MlFront_Zip=
File/index.html]
  =E2=80=A2 `mlfront-zip' binaries:
    [https://gitlab.com/dkml/build-tools/MlFront/-/releases/2.3.0-8]
  =E2=80=A2 homepage: 

  Sidenote: The docs won't be available on ocaml.org. Use the doc links
  above until I figure out a technical solution (very low-priority).


[`progress']


[https://dkml.gitlab.io/build-tools/MlFront/MlFront_ZipFile/MlFront_ZipFile=
/index.html]


[https://gitlab.com/dkml/build-tools/MlFront/-/releases/2.3.0-8]



MlFront_Cache - Transient caches + slowly varying data
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce that `MlFront_Cache.2.3.0', a framework for
  transient caches and slowly varying data, was released today. It is
  available on opam with `opam update' and `opam install MlFront_Cache'.

  MlFront_Cache lets you cache files and directories, all backed in a
  local sqlite3 database. It is a bit esoteric. I use it for:

  1. Transient caches when downloading zip files.
  2. Immutable installs for DkCoder. A related use case is covered in
     detail in the docs as "Downloading datasets".

  Treat this as an alpha release with a somewhat unstable API. In
  particular, I haven't implemented cache eviction yet.

  Here are the relevant links:
  =E2=80=A2 Docs:
    [https://dkml.gitlab.io/build-tools/MlFront/MlFront_Cache/MlFront_Cache=
/index.html]
  =E2=80=A2 homepage: 

  Sidenote: The docs won't be available on ocaml.org. Use the doc links
  above until I figure out a technical solution (very low-priority).


[https://dkml.gitlab.io/build-tools/MlFront/MlFront_Cache/MlFront_Cache/ind=
ex.html]



New lesson on polymorphic variants
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jakub Svec announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I wrote a new lesson on polymorphic variants.

  You can find it [here].

  I appreciate any feedback you may have. I expect that if there is
  interest in including a lesson on polymorphic variants that there will
  likely be several rounds of refinement.

  Sources:

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 

  This lesson is about 800 lines long (about 1100 with line length
  limited to 85 columns). This makes this lesson on the longer side when
  compared to other lessons on OCaml.org. Therefore, this is the first
  of 2 lessons on polymorphic variants.

  This lesson (lesson 1) introduces the concepts behind polymorphic
  variants (such as row polymorphism and structural typing), then
  discusses common syntactic structures of polymorphic variants. It
  teaches these concepts in a bottom-up direction. It is my subjective
  belief (held lightly) that introducing polymorphic variants in a
  top-down direction leads to more complexity and confusion.

  Lesson 2, which is forthcoming, introduces common usecases for
  polymorphic variants through real-world examples.

  Any feedback a reviewer is willing to provide is greatly
  appreciated. The author is particularly interested in ensuring
  accuracy and validity of examples and consistency in the language with
  OCaml.org's other materials, but all feedback is welcome.


[here] 


The OBazl Toolsuite 3.0.0.beta.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Gregg Reynolds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The OBazl Toolsuite 3.0.0.beta.1 is now available.

  The OBazl Toolsuite is a collection of rules & tools that support
  OCaml development using [Bazel]. To get started:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ git clone https://github.com/obazl/demo_hello.git
  =E2=94=82 $ cd demo_hello
  =E2=94=82 $ bazel run bin:greetings
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  See [The OBazl Book] for more guidance.

  Tested on MacOS and Linux (Ubuntu).

  This version contains many improvements:

  =E2=80=A2 Improved toolchain support. Select a compiler by passing
    e.g. `--tc=3Docamlc'.
  =E2=80=A2 Seamless opam dependencies.  The previous version required a
    preprocessing step (running `bazel run @coswitch'); this is no
    longer necessary.
  =E2=80=A2 Fine-grained dependencies. Depend directly on any module, wheth=
er it
    is in a library or not, and whether it is namespaced (~~wrapped'')
    or not.
  =E2=80=A2 Context-sensitive archiving. Archives are for distribution; int=
ernal
    dependencies do not need them.  The `ocaml_library' rule will only
    construct an archive on demand. By default, an internal dependency
    on an `ocaml_library' target will not request archiving. This can be
    overridden.
  =E2=80=A2 Several examples of OBazl extensions: rules_ppx, rules_cppo,
    rules_ctypes, rules_menhir.  These demonstrate the relative ease
    with which tools can be integrated into the Bazel environment.
  =E2=80=A2 A new tool, `bazel run @obazl//new' that generates a project fr=
om a
    template.
  =E2=80=A2 Direct support for the tools in the standard SDK (ocamldebug,
    ocamlobjinfo, etc.) and for a subset of the OCaml Platform
    tools. For example:
    =E2=80=A3 `$ bazel run @opam -- list'
    =E2=80=A3 `$ bazel run @ocaml'
    =E2=80=A3 `$ bazel run @utop'
    =E2=80=A3 `$ bazel run @dbg --@dbg//pgm=3Dsrc:greetings'

  OBazl ensures that these commands will be invoked under the correct
   switch, with correct paths (CAML_LD_LIBRARY_PATH etc.), insulated
   from environment variables.

  Other tools are invoked by passing an option to an ordinary build
  command. For example:

  =E2=80=A2 `$ bazel build lib/hello:Hello --modinfo' # runs ocamlobjinfo o=
n the
    .cmo/.cmx output
  =E2=80=A2 `$ bazel build lib/hello:Hello --siginfo' # runs ocamlobjinfo o=
n the
    .cmi output
  =E2=80=A2 `$ bazel build lib/hello:libFoo --archinfo' # runs ocamlobjinfo=
 on
    the .cma/.cmxa output
  =E2=80=A2 `$ bazel build lib/hello:Hello --gensig' # runs `ocamlopt -i' o=
n the
    .ml file to generate inteface code.

  The documentation at [The OBazl Book] has been updated.  It remains
  far from complete but it should be useful.  In particular the [OBazl
  Guide] and the [`rules_ocaml' Reference Manual].

  What's missing?

  =E2=80=A2 Support for opam publishing.  I have successfully published an =
OBazl
    (Bazel) project to an opam switch, and used it in a dune-only
    project, but the code is still under development so I don't have a
    demo.
  =E2=80=A2 Support for `odoc', `ocamlformat', and linting.  Currently under
    development.
  =E2=80=A2 Windows support.  The code is designed for portability but it w=
ill
    probably be a while before I can get to Windows.
  =E2=80=A2 Automatic generation of BUILD.bazel files. I have a tool for th=
is
    but it is outdated. Bringing it up-to-date is a high priority.

  Support:
  =E2=80=A2 [discord]
  =E2=80=A2 [@obazl.bsky.social]

  Cheers!

  Gregg


[Bazel] 

[The OBazl Book] 

[OBazl Guide] 

[`rules_ocaml' Reference Manual]


[discord] 

[@obazl.bsky.social] 


Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello :waving_hand: The next Dune Dev Meeting will be on *Wednesday,
  April, 2nd at 9:00 CET*. This is going to be a one-hour-long meeting.

  Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or
  just curious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened!
  The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the
  ongoing work together and synchronize with the Dune developers :+1:

  The agenda is available on the [meeting dedicated page]. Feel free to
  add more items in it.

  =E2=80=A2 Meeting link: [zoom]
  =E2=80=A2 Calendar event: [google calendar]
  =E2=80=A2 Wiki with information and previous notes: [dune wiki on GitHub]


[meeting dedicated page]


[zoom]


[google calendar]


[dune wiki on GitHub] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Why F#?]
  =E2=80=A2 [ FOSDEM 2025: Report from the Friendly Functional Languages BOF
    Room]
  =E2=80=A2 [Pushing the opam-repository into a sustainable repository]
  =E2=80=A2 [=CE=BCTCP, Miou and unikernels]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Why F#?] 

[ FOSDEM 2025: Report from the Friendly Functional Languages BOF Room]


[Pushing the opam-repository into a sustainable repository]


[=CE=BCTCP, Miou and unikernels]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 25 to April 01,=
 2025.

    



    

    MlFront_ZipFile - High-level API for zip files
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfront-zipf=
ile-high-level-api-for-zip-files/16380/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce that MlFront_ZipFile.2.3.0, a package t=
hat can do basic zip/unzip operations on a zip file, was released today. It=
 is available on opam with opam update and opam install =
MlFront_ZipFile.

    


    
There are other opam packages for zip files, and often those are more appro=
priate. MlFront_ZipFile is different because:

    


      

    • It is very high-level. I wanted an API to unzip and zip, with a simple =
observer API for unzipping so I could attach @CraigFe's excellent progress bar library.
      • 

    • It can unzip 4GB files in a 32-bit OCaml runtime.
      • 

    • It has a permissive license.
      • 

    • It is not thread-safe (except unzipping).
      • 

    • It fully embeds the C code. That means it works on Windows and should w=
ork under cross-compilation without needing a non-portable/non-reproducible=
 pkg-config installation.
      • 

    • It has a binary mlfront-zip which can do glob-based exclus=
ions (a feature not present in the typical InfoZip /usr/bin/zip that comes with Unix or PowerShell Compress-Archive on Windo=
ws). macOS, Windows and Linux have prebuilt binaries.
      • 

    


    
Here are the relevant links:

    



    
Sidenote: The docs won't be available on ocaml.org. Use the doc links above=
 until I figure out a technical solution (very low-priority).

    

    

    

    

    

    MlFront_Cache - Transient caches + slowly varying data
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfron=
t-cache-transient-caches-slowly-varying-data/16381/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce that MlFront_Cache.2.3.0, a framework f=
or transient caches and slowly varying data, was released today. It is avai=
lable on opam with opam update and opam install MlFront_=
Cache.

    


    
MlFront_Cache lets you cache files and directories, all backed in a local s=
qlite3 database. It is a bit esoteric. I use it for:

    


      

    1. Transient caches when downloading zip files.
      2. 

    2. Immutable installs for DkCoder. A related use case is covered in detail=
 in the docs as "Downloading datasets".
      3. 

    


    
Treat this as an alpha release with a somewhat unstable API. In particular,=
 I haven't implemented cache eviction yet.

    


    
Here are the relevant links:

    



    
Sidenote: The docs won't be available on ocaml.org. Use the doc links above=
 until I figure out a technical solution (very low-priority).

    

    

    

    

    

    New lesson on polymorphic variants
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/new-lesson-on-polymorphic-vari=
ants/16390/1

    

    

    

    Jakub Svec announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I wrote a new lesson on polymorphic variants.

    


    
You can find it here.

    


    
I appreciate any feedback you may have. I expect that if there is interest =
in including a lesson on polymorphic variants that there will likely be sev=
eral rounds of refinement.

    


    
Sources:

    




    
This lesson is about 800 lines long (about 1100 with line length limited to=
 85 columns). This makes this lesson on the longer side when compared to ot=
her lessons on OCaml.org. Therefore, this is the first of 2 lessons on poly=
morphic variants.

    


    
This lesson (lesson 1) introduces the concepts behind polymorphic variants =
(such as row polymorphism and structural typing), then discusses common syn=
tactic structures of polymorphic variants. It teaches these concepts in a b=
ottom-up direction. It is my subjective belief (held lightly) that introduc=
ing polymorphic variants in a top-down direction leads to more complexity a=
nd confusion.

    


    
Lesson 2, which is forthcoming, introduces common usecases for polymorphic =
variants through real-world examples.

    


    
Any feedback a reviewer is willing to provide is greatly appreciated. The a=
uthor is particularly interested in ensuring accuracy and validity of examp=
les and consistency in the language with OCaml.org's other materials, but a=
ll feedback is welcome.

    

    

    

    

    

    The OBazl Toolsuite 3.0.0.beta.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-the-obazl-toolsuite-3-0-=
0-beta-1/16407/1

    

    

    

    Gregg Reynolds announced
    

    

    
The OBazl Toolsuite 3.0.0.beta.1 is now available.=20

    


    
The OBazl Toolsuite is a collection of rules & tools that support OCaml=
 development using Bazel. To get start=
ed:

    

    $ git clone https://github.com/obazl/demo_hello.git
$ cd demo_hello
$ bazel run bin:greetings

    


    
See The OBazl Book for =
more guidance.

    


    
Tested on MacOS and Linux (Ubuntu).

    


    
This version contains many improvements:

    


      

    • Improved toolchain support. Select a compiler by passing e.g. --t=
c=3Docamlc.
      • 

    • Seamless opam dependencies.  The previous version required a preprocess=
ing step (running bazel run @coswitch); this is no longer nece=
ssary.
      • 

    • Fine-grained dependencies. Depend directly on any module, whether it is=
 in a library or not, and whether it is namespaced (~~wrapped'') or not.

    • Context-sensitive archiving. Archives are for distribution; internal de=
pendencies do not need them.  The ocaml_library rule will only=
 construct an archive on demand. By default, an internal dependency on an <=
code>ocaml_library target will not request archiving. This can be ov=
erridden.
      • 

    • Several examples of OBazl extensions: rules_ppx, rules_cppo, rules_ctyp=
es, rules_menhir.  These demonstrate the relative ease with which tools can=
 be integrated into the Bazel environment.
      • 

    • A new tool, bazel run @obazl//new that generates a project=
 from a template.
      • 

    • Direct support for the tools in the standard SDK (ocamldebug, ocamlobji=
nfo, etc.) and for a subset of the OCaml Platform tools. For example:

        

      • $ bazel run @opam -- list
        • 

      • $ bazel run @ocaml
        • 

      • $ bazel run @utop
        • 

      • $ bazel run @dbg --@dbg//pgm=3Dsrc:greetings
        • 

      • 

    


    
OBazl ensures that these commands will be invoked under the
 correct switch, with correct paths (CAML_LD_LIBRARY_PATH etc.), insulated =
from environment variables.

    


    
Other tools are invoked by passing an option to an ordinary build command. =
For example:

    


      

    • $ bazel build lib/hello:Hello --modinfo # runs ocamlobjinf=
o on the .cmo/.cmx output
      • 

    • $ bazel build lib/hello:Hello --siginfo # runs ocamlobjinf=
o on the .cmi output
      • 

    • $ bazel build lib/hello:libFoo --archinfo # runs ocamlobji=
nfo on the .cma/.cmxa output
      • 

    • $ bazel build lib/hello:Hello --gensig # runs ocamlo=
pt -i on the .ml file to generate inteface code.
      • 

    


    
The documentation at The OB=
azl Book has been updated.  It remains far from complete but it should =
be useful.  In particular the OBazl Guide and the rules_ocaml Reference Manual.

    


    
What's missing?

    


      

    • Support for opam publishing.  I have successfully published an OBazl (B=
azel) project to an opam switch, and used it in a dune-only project, but th=
e code is still under development so I don't have a demo.
      • 

    • Support for odoc, ocamlformat, and linting.  =
Currently under development.
      • 

    • Windows support.  The code is designed for portability but it will prob=
ably be a while before I can get to Windows.
      • 

    • Automatic generation of BUILD.bazel files. I have a tool for this but i=
t is outdated. Bringing it up-to-date is a high priority.
      • 

    


    
Support:

    



    
Cheers!

    


    
Gregg

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/27

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hello :waving_hand:=20
The next Dune Dev Meeting will be on Wednesday, April, 2nd at 9:00 CET. This is going to be a one-hour-long meeting.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronize with the Dune developers :+1:

    


    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to add more=
 items in it.

    



    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 01 to 08,
2025.

Please note that some entries were posted on April 1st.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Ocsigen public meeting
Roguetype
Ppx_untype: An end to type errors in OCaml
Second of Two Lessons on Polymorphic Variants: Practical Usecases
Caqti 2.2.4 Release and Plans
update for the magick-core-7
gegl-0.4 _
Dune 3.18
QCheck 0.24
checked_oint v0.5.0: Safe integer arithmetic for OCaml
Outreachy December 2024 Round
OUPS meetup april 2025
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Ocsigen public meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


William Caldwell announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hi all!

  The Ocsigen team is organising a public meeting in which we'll be
  discussing the migration from Lwt to effect-based concurrency, updates
  about work in progress (wasm_of_ocaml, Ocsigen-i18n, =E2=80=A6).

  We welcome user suggestions & questions, please join us Monday the
  14th of April at 1pm (France/GMT+2) at the following link:
  


Roguetype
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Have you ever felt pained by the lack of GADTs and high-arity functors
  when playing games?  Have you ever wondered if you could play games
  without being weighted by a runtime evaluation?

  Then fear no longer, because in this day it is my pleasure to announce
  the first release of [Roguetype], the first ever roguelike written in
  the OCaml type system:

  =E2=80=A2 Test your mettle against the OCaml typechecker and the 8 levels=
 of
    `roguetype'.
  =E2=80=A2 Explore functors, mountains, and forests to discover hidden pat=
hs.
  =E2=80=A2 Vanquish goblins and dragon(s), upgrade your equipment, while b=
eing
    sure that your travel is well-typed by construction.
  =E2=80=A2 And maybe, at the end of your adventure, you shall prove that t=
he
    victory type is inhabited


[Roguetype] 


Ppx_untype: An end to type errors in OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


Paul-Elliot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello dear people reading this!

  Today, I am overly excited to announce one of the greatest and
  simplest tool, that will fix the biggest of all OCaml flaws.

  Consider Javascript:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ node
  =E2=94=82 Welcome to Node.js v22.14.0.
  =E2=94=82 Type ".help" for more information.
  =E2=94=82 > 1 + 3.5
  =E2=94=82 4.5
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Simple and elegant, don't we all agree?

  Now, the same with OCaml:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ ocaml
  =E2=94=82 OCaml version 5.3.0
  =E2=94=82 Enter #help;; for help.
  =E2=94=82 # 1 + 3.5 ;;
  =E2=94=82 Error: The constant 3.5 has type float but an expression was ex=
pected of type
  =E2=94=82          int
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  What does this even mean?

  The PPX that I lovingly share with you all is `ppx_untype'. It finally
  fully removes the OCaml type system that has plagued it since its
  inception.

  The PPX can be used very simply. Add it to your opam switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam pin add ppx_untype https://github.com/panglesd/ppx_untyp=
e.git\#main
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and then add it to your `dune' (or other build system) file:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (...
  =E2=94=82  (preprocess (pps ppx_untype))
  =E2=94=82  ...)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  And you can now enjoy OCaml!

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ cat bin.main.ml
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D print_float (1 + 3.5)
  =E2=94=82 $ dune exec bin/main.exe
  =E2=94=82 3.47922429887e-310
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Pros:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 All programs that was working before, still works.
  =E2=80=A2 Blazingly fast!
  =E2=80=A2 Finally integers and floats can be added.
  =E2=80=A2 All warnings are also removed.


Cons:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 None (apart from some unexpected behaviour at runtime)


Second of Two Lessons on Polymorphic Variants: Practical Usecases
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jakub Svec announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is the second of two lessons on polymorphic variants I've been
  drafting for potential inclusion in the Lessons section of OCaml.org.

  You can find the draft second lesson [here]. I appreciate any feedback
  you may have.

  The OCaml.org discussion of the first lesson can be found [here].

  The goal of the first lesson was to introduce the foundational
  knowledge for how polymorphic variants work (row polymorphism,
  structural typing, upper bounds, lower bounds, =E2=80=A6), their benefits=
 and
  drawbacks, how they relate to "ordinary" variants, their notation
  (`\~', `>', `<', `#', =E2=80=A6), and their behavior during type refineme=
nt.

  I am grateful to everyone that provided feedback on the first
  lesson. I incorporated most of the feedback into the lesson already,
  but it is not yet complete. I've held off finalizing the first lesson
  until this second lesson receives feedback, since there may be
  significant structural changes to the first lesson depending on the
  feedback received on this second part.

  The objective of this second lesson is to demonstrate practical
  usecases for polymorphic variants. Presently, it demonstrates seven
  practical usecases of polymorphic variants, along with "ordinary"
  variant equivalents for comparison.

  The seven usecases were sourced from:

  =E2=80=A2 Jacques Garrigue's [1998 paper]
  =E2=80=A2 [This discussion] board on OCaml.org

  Please consider this a rough draft. It does not include an
  indroduction and conclusion, and every example has minimal narrative
  supporting it.

  The goal is to solicit feedback on the *selected examples*, the
  *structure of the examples*, and to solicit *additional examples* if
  these are insufficient.

  If you have experience with specific usecases for polymorphic variants
  that you feel would do a better job demonstrating specific usecases or
  that demonstrate features not presented here, please let me know. If
  you can supply a concise example with a quick overview I would be
  grateful. If that does not work with your schedule, I can formulate an
  example from a description and perhaps a github link if available.

  For example, none of the usecases demonstrate explicit coercions. That
  may be a useful example to include, however this was not mentioned in
  the source material and am unsure how commonly it is employed by OCaml
  developers.

  Once this document's examples are locked down, I will consider the
  following:

  =E2=80=A2 Which lesson should be introduced first (demonstrations or
    foundations)?
  =E2=80=A2 Should the examples in this lesson be extracted into .ml files =
for
    readers to clone like in some other lessons on the site?
  =E2=80=A2 Should the two lessons be merged?
  =E2=80=A2 Is the length excessive?
  =E2=80=A2 Can any content be removed or extracted into a standalone lesso=
n?

  Once that is resolved, I will do a final pass on the lesson(s) and
  make another request for feedback.

  Once again, I want to express my gratitude to everyone willing to work
  through these draft lessons, as well to those willing to provide
  feedback.

  Example Usecases:

  =E2=80=A2 Monomorphic Usecases
  =E2=80=A2 Overloaded Tags
  =E2=80=A2 Compose with Result
  =E2=80=A2 Transitioning from Ordinary to Polymorphic Variants in an API
  =E2=80=A2 Polymorphic Variants with Phantom Types
  =E2=80=A2 Functional Reactive Programming with Polymorphic Variants
  =E2=80=A2 Encoding HTML in Hierarchical Structures


[here] 

[here]


[1998 paper]


[This discussion]



Caqti 2.2.4 Release and Plans
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


"Petter A. Urkedal announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

The Release
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I am pleased to announce the release of [Caqti] 2.2.4, after stumbling
  through a few minor releases starting at 2.2.0.  These are the
  combined release notes since the previous OPAM release, omitting
  intermediate regressions:


[Caqti] 

=E2=97=8A Improvements

  =E2=80=A2 The sqlite3 driver now supports the refined error causes
    (`Caqti_error.cause') for integrity constraint violations.
  =E2=80=A2 There is now experimental support for Miou ([#117] by Calascibe=
tta
    Romain).
  =E2=80=A2 Make the pool implementation shared-memory safe.
  =E2=80=A2 The new library `caqti.template' provides a preview of a interf=
ace
    for creating and working with request templates, with a few new
    features and, I think, a tidier design.  This is not yet suitable
    for production code, since it will change before the final version.
    Feedback is welcome.


  [#117] 


=E2=97=8A Fixes

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed a memory leak in the fall-back implementation of the
    `populate' connection method which affects all except the postgresql
    drivers.


=E2=97=8A Deprecations

  =E2=80=A2 `Caqti_request.query_id' is deprecated and will be removed.
  =E2=80=A2 Constructors of `Caqti_type.t' are now fully private and will be
    moved away and likely defined differently in the next major release.


=E2=97=8A Dependency Updates

  =E2=80=A2 Prepare for upcoming mirage ([#124] by Hannes Mehnert).


  [#124] 


Upcoming Work on `caqti.template'
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As mentioned, this library is experimental for now, yet it contains
  the real implementation of request templates, while the stable API is
  a backwards compatible wrapper.  I already have plans for revising the
  new API both due to hard requirements and feedback about usability and
  preferences, esp. for the most commonly used part of the API.


=E2=97=8A Dynamic Prepare Policy and Parametric Types

  One thing I am excited about with the `caqti.template' library is the
  support for prepared queries for dynamically generated request
  templates.

  To motivate this, note that each prepared query retains resources on
  both the server side and locally, both associated with an open
  database connection, which can be long-lived.  So, if the application
  generates queries based on e.g. search expressions like `(author:Plato
  or author:Socrates) and topic:epistemology', which cannot be prepared
  statically due to the boolean algebra over search terms, then users of
  the current API must use one-shot (non-prepared) queries to avoid
  unbounded retention of resources over time.  The new API provides a
  so-called dynamic prepare policy, which uses an LRU cache of prepared
  queries internally to limit the resource usage while providing a
  heuristic for re-using common prepared queries.

  There is, however, a missing piece in order for this to be practically
  efficient.  Type descriptors like `Caqti_type.t2', `Caqti_type.t3',
  etc.  which represent parametrically polymorphic types, are currently
  generative with respect to the equality used by the LRU cache, meaning
  that the type expression would need to be lifted out of the function
  which generates the request template in order to avoid consistent
  cache-misses.

  My plan is first to make a major release which moves the concrete type
  representation away from the public modules, and then revise it to
  properly encode parametric types.  Apart from changing the
  constructors, this involves adding an extra phantom type parameter,
  but the parameter will be universally qualified in the type exposed to
  the public API, so I expect to retain backwards compatibility for
  typical usage.


=E2=97=8A The Main Request Template API and Bring-Your-Own-Paint

  For most use cases, it is sufficient to be able to construct request
  templates, which consists of type descriptors and a possibly
  dialect-dependent query template.  Everything needed for this is
  bundled into the module `Caqti_template.Create'. I may have developed
  a bit colourblindness after walking around this bikeshed, so let me
  show you how the current stable API looks like, how the current
  iteration of the new API looks like.

  Here is a request template using the stable API:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let select_owner =3D
  =E2=94=82   let open Caqti_request.Infix in
  =E2=94=82   let open Caqti_type.Std in
  =E2=94=82   (string ->? string)
  =E2=94=82   "SELECT owner FROM bikereg WHERE frameno =3D ?"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In the current iteration of the new API, this looks like:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let select_owner =3D
  =E2=94=82   let open Caqti_template.Create in
  =E2=94=82   static T.(string -->? string)
  =E2=94=82   "SELECT owner FROM bikereg WHERE frameno =3D ?"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  What changed?

  =E2=80=A2 There is now only a single `open'. That can only be good.
  =E2=80=A2 The type descriptors have been moved under a `T' sub-module.  T=
his
    isn't strictly necessary, but I though it was tidier, esp. since
    there are clashing names (like `int') under a parallel `Q'
    sub-module which is used for dynamically generated query templates.
  =E2=80=A2 The arrow was previously the main function, while in the new AP=
I it
    only constructs the type and multiplicity representation
    (`Caqti_template.Request_type.t').
  =E2=80=A2 Instead, the main function now indicates the policy for whether=
 to
    use a prepared query and, if so, the life-time of the request
    template.  The options are `direct', `static', and `dynamic' (as
    explained above).

  The latter adds verbosity, but I think it is good to be explicit about
  static life-time, since using it for generated request templates would
  typically lead to a resource leakage.

  It's getting late, so I will not write about dynamic and
  dialect-dependent request templates, but in the current revision, they
  are constructed with a "general" version of the above functions,
  `direct_gen', `static_gen', and `dynamic_gen' which takes a function
  receiving a dialect descriptor and returns a `Caqti_template.Query.t'
  instead of a string.  The stable API used combinator operators for
  this.


update for the magick-core-7
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  An update to use the magick-core-7 is available there:
  [https://github.com/fccm2/mgk-gen2]

  If you still want to use the magick-core-6, the previous head is kept
  here: [https://github.com/fccm2/mgk-gen]

  The updated version was tested with the magick-core version
  `7.1.1-44', if you want to compile it, you need about `256M' space
  left on device.


[https://github.com/fccm2/mgk-gen2] 

[https://github.com/fccm2/mgk-gen] 


gegl-0.4 _
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You can now access `gegl-0.4', from your favorite scripting language,
  and play with its nodes, with: [https://github.com/fccm2/gegl-ocaml] /
  ([api-doc])


[https://github.com/fccm2/gegl-ocaml]


[api-doc] 


Dune 3.18
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  On the behalf of the dune team, I'm glad to announce the release of
  dune `3.18.0' :partying_face:

  This release contains changes to support the new
  `x-maintenance-intent' field by default. It also contains some changes
  regarding the cache, about how it handles file permissions. It
  introduces a new `(format-dune-file ...)' stanza with the intention to
  formalize the `dune format-dune-file' command as an inside
  rule. Finally, it includes various bug fixes for Dune.

  If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the
  [ocaml/dune] repository.


[ocaml/dune] 

Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 Support HaikuOS: don't call `execve' since it's not allowed if =
other
    pthreads have been created. The fact that Haiku can't call `execve'
    from other threads than the principal thread of a process (a team in
    haiku jargon), is a discrepancy to POSIX and hence there is a [bug
    about it]. (@Sylvain78, #10953)

    =E2=80=A2 Fix flag ordering in generated Merlin configurations (#11503,
      @voodoos, fixes ocaml/merlin#1900, reported by @vouillon)


  [bug about it] 


=E2=97=8A Added

  =E2=80=A2 Add `(format-dune-file  )' action. It provides an
    alternative to the `dune format-dune-file' command.  (#11166, @nojb)

    =E2=80=A2 Allow the `--prefix' flag when configuring dune with `ocaml
      configure.ml'.  This allows to set the prefix just like `$ dune
      install --prefix'. (#11172, @rgrinberg)

    =E2=80=A2 Allow arguments starting with `+' in preprocessing definitions
      (starting with `(lang dune 3.18)'). (@amonteiro, #11234)

    =E2=80=A2 Support for opam `(maintenance_intent ...)' in dune-project
      (#11274, @art-w)

    =E2=80=A2 Validate opam `maintenance_intent' (#11308, @art-w)

    =E2=80=A2 Support `not' in package dependencies constraints (#11404, @a=
rt-w,
      reported by @hannesm)


=E2=97=8A Changed

  =E2=80=A2 Warn when failing to discover root due to reads failing. The
    previous behavior was to abort. (@KoviRobi, #11173)

  =E2=80=A2 Use shorter path for inline-tests artifacts. (@hhugo, #11307)

  =E2=80=A2 Allow dash in `dune init' project name (#11402, @art-w, reporte=
d by
    @saroupille)

  =E2=80=A2 On Windows, under heavy load, file delete operations can someti=
mes
    fail due to AV programs, etc. Guard against it by retrying the
    operation up to 30x with a 1s waiting gap (#11437, fixes #11425,
    @MSoegtropIMC)

  =E2=80=A2 Cache: we now only store the executable permission bit for files
    (#11541, fixes #11533, @ElectreAAS)

  =E2=80=A2 Display negative error codes on Windows in hex which is the more
    customary way to display `NTSTATUS' codes (#11504, @MisterDA)


QCheck 0.24
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jan Midtgaard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  FYI, QCheck 0.25 is now available from the opam repository :smiley:

  

  The 0.25 release contains a combination of all-round fixes,
  documentation, and polishing:

  =E2=80=A2 Restore `Test.make''s `max_fail' parameter which was accidental=
ly
    broken in 0.18
  =E2=80=A2 Adjust `stats' computation of average and standard deviation to
    limit precision loss, print both using scientific notation, and
    workaround MinGW float printing to also pass expect tests
  =E2=80=A2 Fix dune snippets missing a language specifier in README.adoc
    causing `asciidoc' to error
  =E2=80=A2 Add a note to `QCheck{,2.Gen}.small_int_corners' and
    `QCheck{,2}.Gen.graft_corners' about internal state, and fix a range
    of documentation reference warnings
  =E2=80=A2 Reorganize and polish the `README', rewrite it to use `qcheck-c=
ore',
    and add a `QCheck2' integrated shrinking example
  =E2=80=A2 Document `QCHECK_MSG_INTERVAL' introduced in 0.20
  =E2=80=A2 Add `QCheck{,2}.Gen.map{4,5}' combinators

  The accompanying `ppx_deriving_qcheck.0.7' release offers:

  =E2=80=A2 Support `ppxlib.0.36.0' based on the OCaml 5.2 AST

  Thanks to @Pat-Lafon and @patricoferris for contributing PRs! =F0=9F=8E=89

  Happy testing! :smiley: :keyboard:


checked_oint v0.5.0: Safe integer arithmetic for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


hirrolot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  I would like to announce [`checked_oint'] v0.5.0, which provides
  checked integer arithmetic for OCaml. We support both signed and
  unsigned integers of 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 bits. Unlike other
  libraries, `checked_oint' either returns an option or raises an
  exception when the result of an arithmetic operation cannot be
  represented in a desired integer type.

  In addition, it contains abstractions for manipulating arbitrary
  integers and integer types in a generic and type-safe manner, which I
  find tremendously useful for compiler/interpreter implementations.

  Usage example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Checked_oint
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   let x =3D U8.of_int_exn 50 in
  =E2=94=82   let y =3D U8.of_int_exn 70 in
  =E2=94=82   assert (U8.equal (U8.add_exn x y) (U8.of_int_exn 120));
  =E2=94=82   assert (Option.is_none (U8.mul x y))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release v0.5.0 introduced crucial functionality for converting
  between any two integer types in a safe manner =E2=80=93 see [`S.of_gener=
ic']
  and [`S.of_generic_exn'].


[`checked_oint'] 

[`S.of_generic']


[`S.of_generic_exn']



Outreachy December 2024 Round
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  With the [June 2025 round] about to begin, it is time to celebrate the
  awesome work @abdulaziz.alkurd has been doing on [ocaml-api-watch]
  mentored by @NathanReb and @panglesd!

  Please join us on [date=3D2025-04-15 time=3D10:00:00 timezone=3D"UTC"] for
  the community zoom call where we will get to hear about all of the
  progress that has been made.

  Hope to see you there. I'll post a link to the video call closer to
  the time. For those that can't make it, the meeting will be recorded
  and uploaded to watch.ocaml.org :two_hump_camel:


[June 2025 round]


[ocaml-api-watch] 


OUPS meetup april 2025
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


zapashcanon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  CAUTION: the time has been changed from 7pm to 6:30pm and it will be
  at ENS Ulm instead of Jussieu

  The next OUPS meetup will take place on *Thursday, 24th of April*
  2025. It will start at *6:30pm* at the *45 rue d'Ulm* in Paris. It
  will be in the in the *Salle des r=C3=A9sistants* (first floor in the
  "couloir du carr=C3=A9").

  Please, *[register on meetup ]* as soon as possible to let us know how
  many pizza we should order.

  For more details, you may check the [OUPS=E2=80=99 website ].

  This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

  *A translation of OCaml programs from Gospel to Viper =E2=80=93 Charl=C3=
=A8ne Gros*

        Presentation of a translation of OCaml programs specified
        in Gospel into Viper, an intermediate verification
        language supporting separation logic.

        The practical goal is to add a new backend to Cameleer to
        verify OCaml programs that manipulate the heap.  The
        logical specification of such OCaml programs is described
        in the Gospel language, and we detail the extensions made
        to support separation logic in Viper.

  *Posca: an experimental social network based on Matrix, written in
   OCaml with melange =E2=80=93 Pierre de Lacroix*

        TBA

  After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the [OCaml
  Software Foundation] and later on we=E2=80=99ll move to a pub nearby as u=
sual.


[register on meetup ]


[OUPS=E2=80=99 website ] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [What's new with Mollymawk?]
  =E2=80=A2 [Learning OCaml: Module Aliases]
  =E2=80=A2 [Learning OCaml: Parsing Data with Scanf]
  =E2=80=A2 [Learning OCaml: Regular Expressions]
  =E2=80=A2 [Making OCaml Safe for Performance Engineering]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml in Space: SpaceOS is on a Satellite!]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[What's new with Mollymawk?]


[Learning OCaml: Module Aliases]


[Learning OCaml: Parsing Data with Scanf]


[Learning OCaml: Regular Expressions]


[Making OCaml Safe for Performance Engineering]


[OCaml in Space: SpaceOS is on a Satellite!]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 01 to 08, 2025.

    


    
Please note that some entries were posted on April 1st.

    



    

    Ocsigen public meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocsigen-public-meeting/16408/1

    

    

    

    William Caldwell announced
    

    

    
Hi all!

    


    
The Ocsigen team is organising a public meeting in which we'll be discussin=
g the migration from Lwt to effect-based concurrency, updates about work in=
 progress (wasm_of_ocaml, Ocsigen-i18n, =E2=80=A6).

    


    
We welcome user suggestions & questions, please join us Monday the 14th=
 of April at 1pm (France/GMT+2) at the following link: https://meet.google.com/zdm-krfj-rcw

    

    

    

    

    

    Roguetype
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-roguetype/16409/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Have you ever felt pained by the lack of GADTs and high-arity functors when=
 playing games?
Have you ever wondered if you could play games without being weighted by a =
runtime evaluation?

    


    
Then fear no longer, because in this day it is my pleasure to announce the =
first release of Rog=
uetype, the first ever roguelike written in the OCaml type system:

    


      

    • Test your mettle against the OCaml typechecker and the 8 levels of roguetype.
      • 

    • Explore functors, mountains, and forests to discover hidden paths.
      • 

    • Vanquish goblins and dragon(s), upgrade your equipment, while being sur=
e that your travel is well-typed by construction.
      • 

    • And maybe, at the end of your adventure, you shall prove that the victo=
ry type is inhabited
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Ppx_untype: An end to type errors in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-untype-an-e=
nd-to-type-errors-in-ocaml/16410/1

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
Hello dear people reading this!

    


    
Today, I am overly excited to announce one of the greatest and simplest too=
l, that will fix the biggest of all OCaml flaws.

    


    
Consider Javascript:

    


    $ node
Welcome to Node.js v22.14.0.
Type ".help" for more information.
> 1 + 3.5
4.5

    


    
Simple and elegant, don't we all agree?

    


    
Now, the same with OCaml:

    


    $ ocaml
OCaml version 5.3.0
Enter #help;; for help.
# 1 + 3.5 ;;
Error: The constant 3.5 has type float but an expression was expected of ty=
pe
         int

    


    
What does this even mean?

    


    
The PPX that I lovingly share with you all is ppx_untype. It f=
inally fully removes the OCaml type system that has plagued it since its in=
ception.

    


    
The PPX can be used very simply. Add it to your opam switch:

    


    $ opam pin add ppx_untype https://github.com/panglesd/ppx_untype.git\#main

    


    
and then add it to your dune (or other build system) file:

    


    (...
 (preprocess (pps ppx_untype))
 ...)

    


    
And you can now enjoy OCaml!

    


    $ cat bin.main.ml
let () =3D print_float (1 + 3.5)
$ dune exec bin/main.exe
3.47922429887e-310

    

    

    

    Pros:
    

    

      

    • All programs that was working before, still works.
      • 

    • Blazingly fast!
      • 

    • Finally integers and floats can be added.
      • 

    • All warnings are also removed.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Cons:
    

    

      

    • None (apart from some unexpected behaviour at runtime)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Second of Two Lessons on Polymorphic Variants: Practical Useca=
ses
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
second-of-two-lessons-on-polymorphic-variants-practical-usecases/16416/1

    

    

    

    Jakub Svec announced
    

    

    
This is the second of two lessons on polymorphic variants I've been draftin=
g for potential inclusion in the Lessons section of OCaml.org.

    


    
You can find the draft second lesson here. I appreciate any feedback you may have.

    


    
The OCaml.org discussion of the first lesson can be found here.

    


    
The goal of the first lesson was to introduce the foundational knowledge fo=
r how polymorphic variants work (row polymorphism, structural typing, upper=
 bounds, lower bounds, …), their benefits and drawbacks, how they re=
late to "ordinary" variants, their notation (\~, >, <, #, …), and their behavior duri=
ng type refinement.

    


    
I am grateful to everyone that provided feedback on the first lesson. I inc=
orporated most of the feedback into the lesson already, but it is not yet c=
omplete. I've held off finalizing the first lesson until this second lesson=
 receives feedback, since there may be significant structural changes to th=
e first lesson depending on the feedback received on this second part.

    


    
The objective of this second lesson is to demonstrate practical usecases fo=
r polymorphic variants. Presently, it demonstrates seven practical usecases=
 of polymorphic variants, along with "ordinary" variant equivalents for com=
parison.

    


    
The seven usecases were sourced from:

    




    
Please consider this a rough draft. It does not include an indroduction and=
 conclusion, and every example has minimal narrative supporting it.=20

    


    
The goal is to solicit feedback on the selected examples, the str=
ucture of the examples, and
to solicit additional examples if these are insufficient.

    


    
If you have experience with specific usecases for polymorphic variants that=
 you feel would do a better job demonstrating specific usecases or that dem=
onstrate features not presented here, please let me know. If you can supply=
 a concise example with a quick overview I would be grateful. If that does =
not work with your schedule, I can formulate an example from a description =
and perhaps a github link if available.

    


    
For example, none of the usecases demonstrate explicit coercions. That may =
be a useful example to include, however this was not mentioned in the sourc=
e material and am unsure how commonly it is employed by OCaml developers.

    


    
Once this document's examples are locked down, I will consider the followin=
g:

    


      

    • Which lesson should be introduced first (demonstrations or foundations)=
?
      • 

    • Should the examples in this lesson be extracted into .ml files for read=
ers to clone like in some other lessons on the site?
      • 

    • Should the two lessons be merged?
      • 

    • Is the length excessive?
      • 

    • Can any content be removed or extracted into a standalone lesson?
      • 

    


    
Once that is resolved, I will do a final pass on the lesson(s) and make ano=
ther request for feedback.

    


    
Once again, I want to express my gratitude to everyone willing to work thro=
ugh these draft lessons, as well to those willing to provide feedback.

    


    
Example Usecases:

    


      

    • Monomorphic Usecases
      • 

    • Overloaded Tags
      • 

    • Compose with Result
      • 

    • Transitioning from Ordinary to Polymorphic Variants in an API
      • 

    • Polymorphic Variants with Phantom Types
      • 

    • Functional Reactive Programming with Polymorphic Variants
      • 

    • Encoding HTML in Hierarchical Structures
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Caqti 2.2.4 Release and Plans
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caqti-2-2-4-release-and-pla=
ns/16419/1

    

    

    

    "Petter A. Urkedal announced
    

    

    

    

    The Release
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the release of Caqti 2.2.4, after stumbling through a few minor rele=
ases starting at 2.2.0.  These are the combined release notes since the pre=
vious OPAM release, omitting intermediate regressions:

    

    

      

    • Improvements
      

      

        

      • The sqlite3 driver now supports the refined error causes (Caqti_e=
rror.cause) for integrity constraint violations.
        • 

      • There is now experimental support for Miou (#117 by Calascibetta Romain).
        • 

      • Make the pool implementation shared-memory safe.
        • 

      • The new library caqti.template provides a preview of a int=
erface for creating and working with request templates, with a few new feat=
ures and, I think, a tidier design.  This is not yet suitable for productio=
n code, since it will change before the final version.  Feedback is welcome=
.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Fixes
      

      

        

      • Fixed a memory leak in the fall-back implementation of the popula=
te connection method which affects all except the postgresql drivers=
.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Deprecations
      

      

        

      • Caqti_request.query_id is deprecated and will be removed.<=
/li>

      • Constructors of Caqti_type.t are now fully private and wil=
l be moved away and likely defined differently in the next major release.

      

      

      • 

    • Dependency Updates
      

      

        

      • Prepare for upcoming mirage (#124 by Hannes Mehnert).
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Upcoming Work on caqti.template
    

    

    
As mentioned, this library is experimental for now, yet it contains the rea=
l implementation of request templates, while the stable API is a backwards =
compatible wrapper.  I already have plans for revising the new API both due=
 to hard requirements and feedback about usability and preferences, esp. fo=
r the most commonly used part of the API.

    

    

      

    • Dynamic Prepare Policy and Parametric Types

      

      
One thing I am excited about with the caqti.template library i=
s the support for prepared queries for dynamically generated request templa=
tes.

      


      
To motivate this, note that each prepared query retains resources on both t=
he server side and locally, both associated with an open database connectio=
n, which can be long-lived.  So, if the application generates queries based=
 on e.g. search expressions like (author:Plato or author:Socrates) an=
d topic:epistemology, which cannot be prepared statically due to the=
 boolean algebra over search terms, then users of the current API must use =
one-shot (non-prepared) queries to avoid unbounded retention of resources o=
ver time.  The new API provides a so-called dynamic prepare policy, which u=
ses an LRU cache of prepared queries internally to limit the resource usage=
 while providing a heuristic for re-using common prepared queries.

      


      
There is, however, a missing piece in order for this to be practically effi=
cient.  Type descriptors like Caqti_type.t2, Caqti_type.=
t3, etc.  which represent parametrically polymorphic types, are curr=
ently generative with respect to the equality used by the LRU cache, meanin=
g that the type expression would need to be lifted out of the function whic=
h generates the request template in order to avoid consistent cache-misses.

      


      
My plan is first to make a major release which moves the concrete type repr=
esentation away from the public modules, and then revise it to properly enc=
ode parametric types.  Apart from changing the constructors, this involves =
adding an extra phantom type parameter, but the parameter will be universal=
ly qualified in the type exposed to the public API, so I expect to retain b=
ackwards compatibility for typical usage.

      

      

      • 

    • The Main Request Template API and Bring-Your-O=
wn-Paint
      

      

      
For most use cases, it is sufficient to be able to construct request templa=
tes, which consists of type descriptors and a possibly dialect-dependent qu=
ery template.  Everything needed for this is bundled into the module =
Caqti_template.Create. I may have developed a bit colourblindness af=
ter walking around this bikeshed, so let me show you how the current stable=
 API looks like, how the current iteration of the new API looks like.

      


      
Here is a request template using the stable API:

      

      

      let select_owner =3D
  let open Caqti_request.Infix in
  let open Caqti_type.Std in
  (string ->? string)
  "SELECT owner FROM bikereg WHERE frameno =
=3D ?"

      

      


      
In the current iteration of the new API, this looks like:

      

      

      let select_owner =3D
  let open Caqti_template.Create in
  static T.(string -->? string)
  "SELECT owner FROM bikereg WHERE frameno =
=3D ?"

      

      


      
What changed?

      


        

      • There is now only a single open. That can only be good.

      • The type descriptors have been moved under a T sub-module.=
  This isn't strictly necessary, but I though it was tidier, esp. since the=
re are clashing names (like int) under a parallel Q sub-module which is used for dynamically generated query templates.
        • 

      • The arrow was previously the main function, while in the new API it onl=
y constructs the type and multiplicity representation (Caqti_template=
.Request_type.t).
        • 

      • Instead, the main function now indicates the policy for whether to use =
a prepared query and, if so, the life-time of the request template.  The op=
tions are direct, static, and dynamic (as explained above).
        • 

      


      
The latter adds verbosity, but I think it is good to be explicit about stat=
ic life-time, since using it for generated request templates would typicall=
y lead to a resource leakage.

      


      
It's getting late, so I will not write about dynamic and dialect-dependent =
request templates, but in the current revision, they are constructed with a=
 "general" version of the above functions, direct_gen, s=
tatic_gen, and dynamic_gen which takes a function recei=
ving a dialect descriptor and returns a Caqti_template.Query.t=
 instead of a string.  The stable API used combinator operators for this.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    update for the magick-core-7
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-update-for-the-magick-core-7=
/16422/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
An update to use the magick-core-7 is available there:
https://github.com/fccm2/mgk-=
gen2

    


    
If you still want to use the magick-core-6, the previous head is kept here:
https://github.com/fccm2/mgk-g=
en

    


    
The updated version was tested with the magick-core version 7.1.1-44<=
/code>, if you want to compile it, you need about 256M space l=
eft on device.

    

    

    

    

    

    gegl-0.4 _
    

    

    
Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-gegl-0-4/16424/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
You can now access gegl-0.4, from your favorite scripting lang=
uage,
and play with its nodes, with:
https://github.com/fccm2/ge=
gl-ocaml / (api-doc)

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.18
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-18/16428/1

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
On the behalf of the dune team, I'm glad to announce the release of dune 3.18.0 :partying_face:=20

    


    
This release contains changes to support the new x-maintenance-intent=
 field by default. It also contains some changes regarding the cache=
, about how it handles file permissions. It introduces a new (format-=
dune-file ...) stanza with the intention to formalize the dune=
 format-dune-file command as an inside rule. Finally, it includes va=
rious bug fixes for Dune.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Support HaikuOS: don't call execve since it's not allowed =
if other pthreads
have been created. The fact that Haiku can't call execve from =
other threads
than the principal thread of a process (a team in haiku jargon), is a
discrepancy to POSIX and hence there is a bug about
it. (@Sylvain78, #10953)


          

        • Fix flag ordering in generated Merlin configurations (#11503, @voodoos,=
 fixes
ocaml/merlin#1900, reported by @vouillon)
          • 

        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Added
      

      

        

      • Add (format-dune-file <src> <dst>) action. It =
provides an alternative to the
dune format-dune-file command.  (#11166, @nojb)


          

        • Allow the --prefix flag when configuring dune with o=
caml configure.ml.
This allows to set the prefix just like $ dune install --prefix. (#11172,
@rgrinberg)
          • 


        • Allow arguments starting with + in preprocessing definitio=
ns (starting with
(lang dune 3.18)). (@amonteiro, #11234)
          • 


        • Support for opam (maintenance_intent ...) in dune-project =
(#11274, @art-w)
          • 


        • Validate opam maintenance_intent (#11308, @art-w)
          • 


        • Support not in package dependencies constraints (#11404, @=
art-w, reported
by @hannesm)
          • 

        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Changed
      

      

        

      • Warn when failing to discover root due to reads failing. The previous
behavior was to abort. (@KoviRobi, #11173)
        • 


      • Use shorter path for inline-tests artifacts. (@hhugo, #11307)
        • 


      • Allow dash in dune init project name (#11402, @art-w, repo=
rted by @saroupille)
        • 


      • On Windows, under heavy load, file delete operations can sometimes fail=
 due to
AV programs, etc. Guard against it by retrying the operation up to 30x with=
 a
1s waiting gap (#11437, fixes #11425, @MSoegtropIMC)
        • 


      • Cache: we now only store the executable permission bit for files (#1154=
1,
fixes #11533, @ElectreAAS)
        • 


      • Display negative error codes on Windows in hex which is the more custom=
ary
way to display NTSTATUS codes (#11504, @MisterDA)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    QCheck 0.24
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-24/16198/2

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
FYI, QCheck 0.25 is now available from the opam repository :smiley:=20

    


    
https://github.com/c=
-cube/qcheck/releases/

    


    
The 0.25 release contains a combination of all-round fixes, documentation, =
and polishing:

    


      

    • Restore Test.make's max_fail parameter which =
was accidentally broken in 0.18
      • 

    • Adjust stats computation of average and standard deviation=
 to limit precision loss, print both using scientific notation, and workaro=
und MinGW float printing to also pass expect tests
      • 

    • Fix dune snippets missing a language specifier in README.adoc causing <=
code>asciidoc to error
      • 

    • Add a note to QCheck{,2.Gen}.small_int_corners and Q=
Check{,2}.Gen.graft_corners about internal state, and fix a range of=
 documentation reference warnings
      • 

    • Reorganize and polish the README, rewrite it to use =
qcheck-core, and add a QCheck2 integrated shrinking exa=
mple
      • 

    • Document QCHECK_MSG_INTERVAL introduced in 0.20
      • 

    • Add QCheck{,2}.Gen.map{4,5} combinators
      • 

    


    
The accompanying ppx_deriving_qcheck.0.7 release offers:

    


      

    • Support ppxlib.0.36.0 based on the OCaml 5.2 AST
      • 

    


    
Thanks to @Pat-Lafon and @patricoferris for contributing PRs! =F0=9F=8E=89

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley: :keyboard:

    

    

    

    

    

    checked_oint v0.5.0: Safe integer arithmetic for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-che=
cked-oint-v0-5-0-safe-integer-arithmetic-for-ocaml/16450/1

    

    

    

    hirrolot announced
    

    

    
I would like to announce checked_oint v0.5.0, which provides checked integer ari=
thmetic for OCaml. We support both signed and unsigned integers of 8, 16, 3=
2, 64, and 128 bits. Unlike other libraries, checked_oint eith=
er returns an option or raises an exception when the result of an arithmeti=
c operation cannot be represented in a desired integer type.

    


    
In addition, it contains abstractions for manipulating arbitrary integers a=
nd integer types in a generic and type-safe manner, which I find tremendous=
ly useful for compiler/interpreter implementations.

    


    
Usage example:

    


    

    open Checked_oint

let () =3D
  let x =3D U8.of_int_exn 50 in
  let y =3D U8.of_int_exn 70 in
  assert (U8.equal (U=
8.add_exn x y) (U8.of_int_exn=
 120));
  assert (Option.is_none (U8.mul x y))

    

    


    
The release v0.5.0 introduced crucial functionality for converting between =
any two integer types in a safe manner – see S.of_generic and S.of_generic_exn.

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy December 2024 Round
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-december-2024-round/15223=
/3

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
With the =
June 2025 round about to begin, it is time to celebrate the awesome wor=
k @abdulaziz.alkurd has been doing on ocaml-api-watch mentored by @NathanReb and @pang=
lesd!=20

    


    
Please join us on [date=3D2025-04-15 time=3D10:00:00 timezone=3D"UTC"] for =
the community zoom call where we will get to hear about all of the progress=
 that has been made.

    


    
Hope to see you there. I'll post a link to the video call closer to the tim=
e. For those that can't make it, the meeting will be recorded and uploaded =
to watch.ocaml.org :two_hump_camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    OUPS meetup april 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetup-april-2025/16453/1

    

    

    

    zapashcanon announced
    

    

    
CAUTION: the time has been changed from 7pm to 6:30pm and it will be at ENS=
 Ulm instead of Jussieu

    


    
The next OUPS meetup will take place on Thursday, 24th of April 2025=
. It will start at 6:30pm at the 45 rue d'Ulm in Paris. It wi=
ll be in the in the Salle des r=C3=A9sistants (first floor in the "c=
ouloir du carr=C3=A9").

    


    
Please, register on meetup  as soon as possible to let us know how ma=
ny pizza we should order.

    


    
For more details, you may check the OUPS=
=E2=80=99 website .

    


    
This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

    


    
A translation of OCaml programs from Gospel to Viper – Charl=C3=
=A8ne Gros

    


    

    
Presentation of a translation of OCaml programs specified in Gospel into Vi=
per, an intermediate verification language supporting separation logic.

    


    
The practical goal is to add a new backend to Cameleer to verify OCaml prog=
rams that manipulate the heap.
The logical specification of such OCaml programs is described in the Gospel=
 language, and we detail the extensions made to support separation logic in=
 Viper.

    

    


    
Posca: an experimental social network based on Matrix, written in OCaml =
with melange – Pierre de Lacroix

    


    

    
TBA

    

    


    
After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the OCaml Software Foundation and later on we=E2=80=99ll mov=
e to a pub nearby as usual.

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 08 to 15, 2025.

    



    

    Semgrep is hiring OCaml developers to help develop our supply chain security product!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/semgrep-is-hiring-ocaml-developers-to-help-develop-our-supply-chain-security-product/16464/1

    

    

    

    Aaron Acosta announced
    

    

    
Semgrep is an application security company focused on detecting and remediating vulnerabilities. The static analysis engine is primarily written in OCaml. We're looking for a senior or staff software engineer to help us enhance our third-party vulnerability detection capabilities. The ideal candidate has owned a critical tool, has worked on an OCaml project, has experience leading development teams and mentoring, and has some experience with supply chain security.

    


    
If this sounds interesting to you, see our job posting at Senior/Staff Program Analysis Engineer, Supply Chain! Let me know if you have any questions!

    

    

    

    

    

    Subprocess: a library for launching and communicating with Unix commands
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-subprocess-a-library-for-launching-and-communicating-with-unix-commands/16467/1

    

    

    

    Aaron Christianson announced
    

    

    
An OCaml library with documentation!?

    


    
Yes. I realize it's unorthodox, but I thought I'd give it a shot.

    


    
I began my programming journey a bit later than most, and I began it with Bash. Over the years I've grown apart from Bash and even written some semi-popular anti-Bash propaganda.

    


    
However, while I'm not particularly a fan of shell programming languages, I've maintained a long-term interest in the types of automation tasks which the shell lends itself to, and I have a soft spot in my heart for languages which make this type of programming a priority—languages such as AWK, Perl and Ruby.

    


    
Since learning OCaml, I always felt that it could be a good language for these kinds of jobs with its light syntax, extensive Unix interface and great regex libraries (I'm talking about Re and friends, not Str).

    


    
However, I always felt the provided interfaces for working with processes were… not quite what I was looking for. Sys.command (combined with Filename.quote_command, of course) is OK for what it does, but it doesn't do much. The more extensive set of process handling commands in the Unix library make just about anything possible, but they don't feel good to me.

    


    
So I set out to create a  library for working with Unix commands which feels right to me. Subprocess focuses on safety and ease of use—in that order. I hope someone besides myself will feel the same about it.

    


    
Note that this is the first release (and my first public OCaml library) and I welcome feedback and criticism.

    



    

    

    

    

    cudajit: Bindings to the cuda and nvrtc libraries
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cudajit-bindings-to-the-cuda-and-nvrtc-libraries/15010/3

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
cudajit 0.7.0 is now available in the opam repository. It is now split into separate libraries covering NVRTC bindings and CUDA bindings, so that Nvrtc doesn't need CUDA drivers to run.

    


    
Version 0.7.0 brings full native Windows compatibility.

    


    
Version 0.6.0 improves memory safety and debuggability.

    


    
cudajit.0.7.0 can be used with OCANNL neural_nets_lib.0.5.2 also in the opam repository. Enjoy!

    

    

    

    

    

    qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-lin-and-qcheck-stm-0-2/12301/6

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
Version 0.8 of qcheck-lin, qcheck-stm, and qcheck-multicoretests-util was just merged on the opam repository: https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/multicoretests/releases/tag/0.8

    


    
The 0.8 release improves the error finding ability of the Lin_thread and STM_thread modes:

    


      

    • #540: Significantly increase the probability of context switching in Lin_thread and STM_thread by utilizing Gc.Memprof callbacks. Avoid on 5.0-5.2 without Gc.Memprof support.
      • 

    • #546: Speed up Lin's default string and bytes shrinkers.
      • 

    • #547: Add Util.Pp.{cst4,cst5}
      • 

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    

    

    Call for Volunteers to Help Maintain the Opam-Repository
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-volunteers-to-help-maintain-the-opam-repository/16476/1

    

    

    

    Shon announced
    

    

    
The opam-repository needs your help! :camel::heart:

    


    
tl;dr: Want to grow your OCaml connections and expertise while supporting a pillar of the ecosystem? Then join us as an opam-repository maintainer by commenting on the issue Volunteer to Maintain the opam Repository :raised_hand_with_fingers_splayed:!

    


    
The opam-repository is the official store of package descriptions for the extended OCaml ecosystem. It serves more than 4400 packages thru the opam package manager and index, and it is approaching 200 new packages and releases per month. The opam system is unique among widely used programming language packaging systems in offering the following:

    


      

    • It supports system dependencies to abstract over the packaging complexities of most commonly used platforms.
      • 

    • It is tested by an extensive CI matrix to ensure packages are working, installable, and interoperable.
      • 

    • It is curated to cultivate an ecosystem of high quality, useful packages.
      • 

    


    
This all takes a lot of work and it presents a wide field of interesting socio-technical problems and exciting opportunities.

    


    
Here are two of the projects we've tackled recently:

    




    
The opam-repository maintainers needs the help of curious and motivated volunteers, like you!

    

    

    

    Opportunities
    

    

    
This is a great opportunity for newer and seasoned members of the OCaml community to serve a critical function and make a big impact on the sustainability and health of our growing ecosystem:

    


      

    • Connect with and support contributors from across the ecosystem.
      • 

    • Contribute to a large, long-running open source project.
      • 

    • Learn from an experienced group of caring and committed maintainers.
      • 

    • Learn advanced techniques in packaging management, in a variety of build systems, and in every niche of the extended OCaml ecosystem.
      • 

    • Help to evolve the tooling, infrastructure, and processes that enable our distributed community to share programs!
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Next steps
    

    



    
We look forward to working with you!

    


    
– The Opam Repository Maintainers

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune package management update
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-package-management-update/16477/1

    

    

    

    Marek Kubica announced
    

    

    
Hi fellow camel-wranglers,

    


    
It has been a bit quiet with updates lately with regards to the Dune package management feature, but it doesn't mean that the work has stalled. We're still continuing and got to a point where the code is mature enough to test it on all packages in OPAM-repository.

    


    
Some of you might be aware of OPAM-health-check: a tool/service that monitors how much of the OPAM ecosystem can be built successfully. We extended it to build packages with Dune.

    


    
It's a bit of a longer read, with all the explanations and thoughts that went into this, but I am sure it'll be interesting for you what challenges we had, what progress happened in the last few months and most importantly, where we currently are:

    


    
https://tarides.com/blog/2025-04-11-expanding-dune-package-management-to-the-rest-of-the-ecosystem/

    


    
We're of course not done yet. So expect more update posts as we try to get as many projects working as possible in the future. If you have questions, ideas, suggestions, feel free to drop in in this thread :-)

    


    
Thanks go out to my coworkers involved in this effort (@gridbugs @maiste @art-w @ElectreAAS @shym @mtelvers).

    

    

    

    

    

    Ocsigen public meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocsigen-public-meeting/16408/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
Thank you for the attendance! This was a very dense meeting :) The minutes of the meeting are available here

    

    

    

    

    

    Looking for Maintainers / Moderators for the OCaml Cookbook
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/looking-for-maintainers-moderators-for-the-ocaml-cookbook/16497/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
after we added the OCaml Cookbook on OCaml.org, we got into a position where we

    

      

    1. had contributions sitting around for a while because we did not have the capacity to review and moderate these additions, and
      2. 

    2. felt we do not have a good enough understanding of the ecosystem in general to assess whether the chosen libraries are reasonable, or whether there's other options that need to be mentioned.
      3. 

    


    
To make the cookbook really useful, we need to build a better process around maintaining it and adding to it.

    


    
I propose:

    

      

    1. We appoint a handful of moderators / maintainers for the OCaml Cookbook, drawing from volunteers.
      2. 

    2. I create a Telegram group to stay in contact with you all to ask for help on cookbook PRs. (This could a group focused precisely on the OCaml Cookbook.)
      3. 

    


    
So, if you're up for helping with the cookbook, have any questions, or other remarks, please reach out to sabine@tarides.com, or reply here! :orange_heart:

    

    

    

    

    

    SCGI library for OCaml and eio
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/scgi-library-for-ocaml-and-eio/16498/1

    

    

    

    Marc Coquand announced
    

    

    
Hey everyone!

    


    
To learn a bit of networking and eio, I wrote an scgi library with eio support.  It aims to just implement the scgi protocol and a few helpers for writing HTTP responses. It's still very new, and I am looking for feedback on the interface and implementation before I publish it to opam. 

    


    
Here's a simple ping/pong example to get started:

    


    

    open Scgi_eio

let handler (request : Request.t) =
  match Request.path request with
  | ["ping"] ->
      Http_response.body_string `Ok "pong"
  | _ ->
      Http_response.body_status `Not_found

let () : unit =
  let port = 3000 in
  Eio_main.run
  @@ fun env ->
  let addr = `Tcp (Eio.Net.Ipaddr.V4.loopback, port) in
  let net = Eio.Stdenv.net env in
  Eio.Switch.run
  @@ fun sw ->
  let conn = Eio.Net.listen net ~sw ~reuse_addr:true ~backlog:5 addr in
  Eio.traceln "Listening to connections on port %s" (string_of_int port) ;
  Eio.Net.run_server conn
    (Scgi_eio.http_server ~settings:Scgi_eio.default_settings handler)
    ~on_error:(Eio.traceln "Error handling connection: %a" Fmt.exn)

    

    

    

    

    


    

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--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 15 to 22,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80

Flambda2 Ep. 4: How to write a purely functional compiler, by OCamlPro
R and D Engineer Positions available at OCamlPro, in Paris (France)
Release of ocaml-eglot 1.2.0
Outreachy December 2024 Round
Dune 3.18
opam 2.4.0~alpha1
ML Family Workshop 2025: Call for Presentations
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Flambda2 Ep. 4: How to write a purely functional compiler, by OCamlPro
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  *Greetings Cameleers!*

  We're back with another deep dive into the *Flambda2 Optimizing
  Compiler*! Our latest entry in the *Flambda2 Snippets* blog series is
  out !

  [Flambda2 Ep. 4: How to write a purely functional compiler]

  *Beware, this episode is a hefty one ! :muscle: :triumph:*

  This time again, we take you on a journey through the heart of
  *Flambda2*'s optimization process. Indeed, we take a look at the
  high-level considerations of `Simplify', the main optimization
  algorithm! This post is the most important one yet. The subject is key
  to coming to grasps with the philosophy and design behind our
  home-made compiler and we highly recommend that you read it if you're
  interested in *functional programming*, *exotic compiler
  architectures*, *novel engineering*, and *programming language
  representation*!

  If you've been following [the series], this article builds on what
  we've covered before =E2=80=94 especially [*Foundational Design Decisions=
*]
  (episode 1), and [*Speculative inlining*] (episode 3) =E2=80=94 so you mi=
ght
  want to check these out first. And as always, this is all leading up
  to even more compiler spelunking in future posts! :pick:

  Hope you enjoy the read, and let us know what you think!

  Until next time, *The OCamlPro Team*


[Flambda2 Ep. 4: How to write a purely functional compiler]


[the series]


[*Foundational Design Decisions*]


[*Speculative inlining*]



R and D Engineer Positions available at OCamlPro, in Paris (France)
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Greetings Cameleers,

  We are thrilled to announce that *OCamlPro is hiring!*

  OCamlPro is a R&D lab founded in 2011, with the mission to help
  industrial users benefit from experts with a state-of-the-art
  knowledge of programming languages theory and practice. We provide
  audit, support, custom developer tools and training for both the most
  modern languages, such as Rust, Wasm and OCaml, and for legacy
  languages. We design, create and implement software with great
  added-value for our clients. We have a long history of creating and
  maintaining open-source projects, such as the Opam package manager,
  the LearnOCaml web platform, Ocp-indent / Ocp-index, Flambda and
  Flambda2 optimizing OCaml compilers. We also contributed to the Rust
  compiler and standard library, and are now core contributors of the
  GnuCOBOL project. We are also experts of Formal Methods, developing
  tools such as our SMT Solver Alt-Ergo.

  We are currently looking to hire *French speaking* *Senior* and
  *non-Senior R&D Engineers* as well as new *Project Managers*. Since
  *speaking French is mandatory*, the rest of this article, and the job
  offers linked below, will be written in French. :france:

  OCamlPro recrute :

  =E2=80=A2 *Un=C2=B7e Ing=C3=A9nieur=C2=B7e R&D Senior*

    Conception et dev en OCaml (et Rust), encadrement, relation client,
    exploration techno, perfs, tests, veille et formations. Poste cl=C3=A9 =
au
    c=C5=93ur d=E2=80=99une =C3=A9quipe experte.

  =E2=80=A2 *Un=C2=B7e Ing=C3=A9nieur=C2=B7e R&D*

    D=C3=A9veloppement en OCaml (et Rust), conception logicielle, perfs,
    tests, veille techno, mont=C3=A9e en comp=C3=A9tences et travail en =C3=
=A9quipe
    experte.

  =E2=80=A2 *Un=C2=B7e Chef=C2=B7fe de Projet Informatique & R&D*

    Pilotage de projets, coordination d=E2=80=99=C3=A9quipes, interface cli=
ent, suivi
    budget/d=C3=A9lais, reporting, et veille techno dans un environnement
    innovant.

  Notre =C3=A9quipe est principalement bas=C3=A9e =C3=A0 Paris, mais nous s=
ommes
  ouverts au travail =C3=A0 distance, tant que des s=C3=A9jours r=C3=A9guli=
ers =C3=A0 Paris
  sont possibles pour renforcer la coh=C3=A9sion de l'=C3=A9quipe.

  Veuillez envoyer votre CV ainsi qu'une description de certaines de vos
  meilleures r=C3=A9alisations =C3=A0 l'adresse suivante :
  [contact@ocamlpro.com]()

  *Vous trouverez des fiches de poste d=C3=A9taill=C3=A9es au format PDF ic=
i :*
  


Release of ocaml-eglot 1.2.0
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We (at [Tarides]) are *particularly pleased* to announce the release
  of [OCaml-eglot] `1.2.0', An overlay on [Eglot] (the /built-in/ [LSP]
  client for Emacs) for editing OCaml!

        `ocaml-eglot' is an *alternative mode* to [`merlin'] which
        uses [`ocaml-lsp-server'] (instead of `ocamlmerlin') as
        the language server. So yes, if you decide to
        use~ocaml-eglot~, `merlin' *is no longer needed*. (Merlin
        is still used as a library, in `ocaml-lsp-server').

  =E2=80=A2 [Release note]
  =E2=80=A2 [Github repository]
  =E2=80=A2 [Package on MELPA]
  =E2=80=A2 [Features list]
  =E2=80=A2 [Installation procedure]
  =E2=80=A2 [Comparison table with Merlin]

  This version discreetly improves the ergonomics of certain orders,
  gives more control over customer-side order support and drastically
  improves error handling! Here's the full changelog and, in the
  meantime, I'm adding the changelog for version `1.1.0', which hadn't
  been announced:


[Tarides] 

[OCaml-eglot] 

[Eglot] 

[LSP] 

[`merlin'] 

[`ocaml-lsp-server'] 

[Release note]


[Github repository] 

[Package on MELPA] 

[Features list]


[Installation procedure]


[Comparison table with Merlin]


`1.2.0'
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Fix Type-enclosing's buffer update when using `caml-mode' ([#48=
])
  =E2=80=A2 Add `ocaml-eglot-search-definition',
    `ocaml-eglot-search-declaration' and alternative functions ([#45])
  =E2=80=A2 Fix some warnings on byte-compilation ([#40])
  =E2=80=A2 Fix error on on `ocaml-eglot-construct' ([#42])
  =E2=80=A2 `ocaml-eglot-alternate-file' now visits file in other window wh=
en
    prefix argument is set ([#51])
  =E2=80=A2 Add error-handling for jsonrpc-request ([#52])
  =E2=80=A2 Maintain more diagnostics for location failure ([#52])
  =E2=80=A2 Fix hole cycle navigation ([#53])
  =E2=80=A2 Relay on custom request (if it is available) for managing holes
    ([#53])
  =E2=80=A2 Implementation of support for experimental client commands (and
    implementation of `ocaml.next-hole' in the presence of the
    `ocaml-eglot-destruct' action) ([#54])


[#48] 

[#45] 

[#40] 

[#42] 

[#51] 

[#52] 

[#53] 

[#54] 


`1.1.0'
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 A first support for `flycheck' ([#29], [#33] and [#37])
  =E2=80=A2 Use a more efficient way to ensure that a vector is empty ([#27=
])
  =E2=80=A2 Made the mode-line "lighter" more conventional ([#26])


[#29] 

[#33] 

[#37] 

[#27] 

[#26] 


Spotlight on new features
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Two easily observable features:


=E2=97=8A Finding an identifier

  =E2=80=A2 `ocaml-eglot-find-identifier-declaration'
  =E2=80=A2 `ocaml-eglot-find-identifier-definition'

  the two commands behave like their analogues
  (`ocaml-eglot-find-definition' and `ocaml-eglot-find-declaration') but
  allow the user to enter the identifier directly:

  


=E2=97=8A Searching for a definition or a declaration

  =E2=80=A2 `ocaml-eglot-search-declaration'
  =E2=80=A2 `ocaml-eglot-search-definition'

  Allows you to search by type or polarity to find the definition
  (implementation) or declaration (signature) of values!

  


Upgrading
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

  The release is available on MELPA, so you can update it using the
  usual process. As always, your feedback is invaluable!

  _Happy hacking_


Outreachy December 2024 Round
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Thank you everyone who came along to our demo day. I think I speak for
  everyone when I say @abdulaziz.alkurd's work is very impressive and we
  all can't wait for being able to easily diff OCaml APIs!

  The meeting has now been published:
  


Dune 3.18
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are happy to announce the release of Dune `3.18.1' :camel:

  This version is a minor release that contains a bug fix to an issue
  that was preventing `pkg-config' from finding some libraries in some
  contexts.

  If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the
  [ocaml/dune] repository.


[ocaml/dune] 

Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 fix: pass pkg-config (extra) args in all pkgconfig invocations.=
 A
    missing `--personality' flag would result in pkgconf not finding
    libraries in some contexts. (#11619, @MisterDA)


opam 2.4.0~alpha1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  We are happy to announce the first alpha release of opam 2.4.0.

  This version is an alpha, we invite users to test it to spot
  previously unnoticed bugs as we head towards the stable release.


What=E2=80=99s new? Some highlights:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 :dragon_face: *On `opam init' the compiler* chosen for the defa=
ult
    switch will *no longer be `ocaml-system'* ([#3509]) This was done
    because the system compiler (as-is your ocaml installed system wide,
    e.g. /usr/bin/ocaml) is known to be under-tested and prone to a
    variety of bugs and configuration issues.  Removing it from the
    default compiler allows new-comers a more smooth experience.  *Note:
    if you wish to use it anyway, you are always able to do it
    explicitly using `opam init --compiler=3Docaml-system'*

  =E2=80=A2 :camel: GNU *`patch'* and the *`diff'* command are *no longer
    runtime dependencies*. Instead the OCaml `patch' library is used
    ([#6019], [#6052], [#3782], [ocaml/setup-ocaml#933]) Doing this
    we've removed some rarely used features of GNU Patch such as the
    support of [Context diffs].  The new implementation only supports
    [Unified diffs] including the [git extended headers], however file
    permission changes via said extended headers have no effect.

  =E2=80=A2 :snowflake: Add *Nix support* for *external dependencies (depex=
ts)*
    by adding support for stateless package managers ([#5982]). *Thanks
    to [@RyanGibb] for this contribution*

  =E2=80=A2 :cockroach: *Fix `opam install '* with and without
    options like `--deps-only' or `--show-action' having *unexpected
    behaviours* ([#6248], [#5567]) such as:
    =E2=80=A3 reporting `Nothing to do' despite dependencies or package not
      being up-to-date
    =E2=80=A3 asking to install the wrong dependencies

  =E2=80=A2 :ocean: Many more UI additions and improvements, bug fixes,
    performance improvements, =E2=80=A6


  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information about
  these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a look
  at the [release note] or the [changelog].


[#3509] 

[#6019] 

[#6052] 

[#3782] 

[ocaml/setup-ocaml#933] 

[Context diffs]


[Unified diffs]


[git extended headers] 

[#5982] 

[@RyanGibb] 

[#6248] 

[#5567] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.4.0~alpha1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0~alpha1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please report any issues to the [bug-tracker].

  Happy hacking, <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[bug-tracker] 


ML Family Workshop 2025: Call for Presentations
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sam announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are happy to invite submissions to the 2025 ML Family Workshop!
  Please help spread the word and consider submitting!
  


Higher-order, Typed, Inferred, Strict: ML Family Workshop 2025
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Co-located with [ICFP/SPLASH]

  *Workshop date*: October 16, 2025, Singapore

  *Submission deadline*: June 19, 2025

  The ML Family Workshop is an established informal workshop serving to
  promote and inform the development of programming languages in the ML
  family (such as OCaml, Standard ML, F#, and many others) as well as
  related languages (such as Haskell, Scala, Rust, Koka, F*, Eff, ATS,
  Nemerle, Links, etc.) We welcome presentations on all aspects of the
  design, semantics, theory, application, implementation, and teaching
  of languages in the entire extended ML family.

  The ML 2025 workshop will continue the informal approach followed
  since 2010. Presentations are selected by the program committee from
  submitted proposals. There are no published proceedings, so
  contributions may be submitted for publication elsewhere. The main
  criterion is promoting and informing the development of the entire
  extended ML family and delivering a lively workshop atmosphere. We
  particularly encourage talks about works in progress, presentations of
  negative results (things that were expected to but did not quite work
  out) and informed positions.

  Each presentation should take 20-25 minutes. The exact time will be
  decided based on scheduling constraints.

  We plan the workshop to an be in-person event with remote
  participation (streamed live). We hope that speakers are able to
  present in person. If a speaker is unable to attend, they may instead
  present remotely.

  The 2025 ML family workshop is co-located with ICFP/SPLASH 2025 and
  will take place on *October 16, 2025* in Singapore.


[ICFP/SPLASH] 


Scope
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We seek presentations on topics including (but not limited to):

  =E2=80=A3 Language design: abstraction, higher forms of polymorphism,
    concurrency and parallelism, distribution and mobility, staging,
    extensions for semi-structured data, generic programming, object
    systems, etc.

  =E2=80=A3 Implementation: compilers, interpreters, type checkers, partial
    evaluators, runtime systems, garbage collectors, foreign function
    interfaces, etc.

  =E2=80=A3 Type systems: inference, effects, modules, contracts, specifica=
tions
    and assertions, dynamic typing, error reporting, etc.

  =E2=80=A3 Applications: case studies, experience reports, pearls, etc.

  =E2=80=A3 Environments: libraries, tools, editors, debuggers, cross-langu=
age
    interoperability, functional data structures, etc.

  =E2=80=A3 Semantics of ML-family languages: operational and denotational
    semantics, program equivalence, parametricity, mechanization, etc.

  We specifically encourage reporting what did not meet expectations or
  what, despite all efforts, did not work to satisfaction.

  Four kinds of submissions are solicited: Research Presentations,
  Experience Reports, Demos, and Informed Positions.

  =E2=80=A3 Research Presentations: Research presentations should describe =
new
    ideas, experimental results, or significant advances in ML-related
    projects. We especially encourage presentations that describe work
    in progress, that outline a future research agenda, or that
    encourage lively discussion. These presentations should be
    structured in a way which can be, at least in part, of interest to
    (advanced) users.

  =E2=80=A3 Experience Reports: Users are invited to submit Experience Repo=
rts
    about their use of ML and related languages. These presentations do
    not need to contain original research but they should tell an
    interesting story to researchers or other advanced users, such as an
    innovative or unexpected use of advanced features or a description
    of the challenges they are facing or attempting to solve.

  =E2=80=A3 Demos: Live demonstrations or short tutorials should show new
    developments, interesting prototypes, or work in progress, in the
    form of tools, libraries, or applications built on or related to ML
    and related languages. (You will need to provide all the hardware
    and software required for your demo; the workshop organizers are
    only able to provide a projector.)

  =E2=80=A3 Informed Positions: A justified argument for or against a langu=
age
    feature. The argument must be substantiated, either theoretically
    (e.g., by a demonstration of (un)soundness, an inference algorithm,
    a complexity analysis), empirically or by substantial experience.
    Personal experience is accepted as justification so long as it is
    extensive and illustrated with concrete examples.


Submission details
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  Submissions must be in the PDF format and have a short summary
  (abstract) at the beginning. Submissions in the categories of
  Experience Reports, Demos, or Informed Positions should indicate so in
  the title or subtitle. The point of the submission should be clear
  from its two first pages (PC members are not obligated to read any
  further.)

  Submissions must be uploaded to the workshop submission website before
  the submission deadline.

  Only the short summary/abstract of accepted submissions will be
  published on the conference website. After acceptance, authors will
  have the opportunity to attach or link to that summary any relevant
  material (such as the updated submission, slides, etc.)

  *Submission Website*: 

  *Workshop Website*:
  


Dates and Deadlines
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Submission Deadline*: Thursday, June 19 AoE

  *Initial Author Notification* (most cases): Thursday, July 31

  *Final Author Notification* (if needed): Thursday, Aug 7

  *Workshop Date*: Thursday, Oct 16


Program Committee
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  =E2=80=A3 Sam Westrick (New York University, USA) (Chair)
  =E2=80=A3 Michael D. Adams (National University of Singapore, Singapore)
  =E2=80=A3 Jonathan Brachth=C3=A4user (University of T=C3=BCbingen, German=
y)
  =E2=80=A3 Chris Casinghino (Jane Street, USA)
  =E2=80=A3 Arthur Chargu=C3=A9raud (INRIA, France)
  =E2=80=A3 Kiran Gopinathan (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA)
  =E2=80=A3 Mirai Ikebuchi (Kyoto University, Japan)
  =E2=80=A3 Keigo Imai (DeNA Co., Ltd., Japan)
  =E2=80=A3 Anton Lorenzen (University of Edinburgh, UK)
  =E2=80=A3 Cyrus Omar (University of Michigan, USA)
  =E2=80=A3 Zoe Paraskevopoulou (National Technical University of Athens,
    Greece)
  =E2=80=A3 Filip Sieczkowski (Heriot-Watt University, UK)
  =E2=80=A3 Yong Kiam Tan (A*STAR Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapor=
e)
  =E2=80=A3 Yuting Wang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China)


Past Iterations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 2024: 
  =E2=80=A2 2023: 
  =E2=80=A2 2022: 
  =E2=80=A2 2021: 

  More info: 


Coordination with the OCaml Users and Developers Workshop
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The OCaml workshop is seen as more practical and is dedicated in
  significant part to OCaml community building and the development of
  the OCaml system. In contrast, the ML family workshop is not focused
  on any language in particular, is more research-oriented, and deals
  with general issues of ML-style programming and type systems. There is
  some overlap, which we are keen to explore in various ways. The
  authors who feel their submission fits both workshops are encouraged
  to mention it at submission time or contact the program chairs.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Outreachy December 2024 Demo]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Outreachy December 2024 Demo]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 22 to 29, 2025.

    



    

    dream-html, pure-html 3.10.0 and 3.10.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-10-0-3-10-1/16537/1

    

    

    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
Happy to announce a couple of releases of dream-html:

    


    
3.10.0: add support for RSS/Atom markup; add ability to handle multiple nested form values; concatenate HTML nodes with a separator node between them; add support for popovers and Declarative Shadow DOM markup.

    


    
3.10.1: use single quotes for attributes which must contain JSON values, like htmx's hx-vals.

    

    

    

    

    

    State of OCaml Platform on Windows
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-state-of-ocaml-platform-on-windows/16540/1

    

    

    

    Leandro Ostera announced
    

    

    
Hello folks :waving_hand: 

    


    
We're happy to share the first version of the State of the OCaml Platform on Windows document with you. Please find the document here: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-aTygzDsxy4mnqvSKEVhifA1KDRyP-Axdogjgb8i3Gg/edit?usp=sharing.

    


    
As part of the First-Class Windows project, we've been assessing the state of OCaml on Windows. This document is a summary of our investigation, including our consultations with individuals involved in Windows-related work.

    


    
This document started internally at Tarides and quickly included major contributors and users of OCaml on Windows for its drafting and review stages. Thank you to @jbeckford, @klakplok, @Vincent_Balat, @Rucikir, @lambda_foo, @rikusilvola, @kayceesrk, @dra27, @Isabella, @rjbou, @avsm, @kentookura, @oandrieu, @shonfeder, @sabine, and everyone else at Tarides for helping us shape and review this document! :folded_hands: 

    


    
The immediate call to action for you is to give us your inputs and thoughts, challenge it and help us make it better. You can do this directly on that document, or by quoting into this thread. 

    


    
We'll have a window of 8 weeks to allow for this to happen. After that we will move this into the OCaml Platform section of OCaml.org to use as a reference and keep it updated over time.

    


    
Happy coding! :two_hump_camel: 

    


    
/ @sudha & @leostera 
on behalf of Tarides

    

    

    

    

    

    Upgrading Semgrep from OCaml 4 to OCaml 5 + dynamic_gc utility
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/upgrading-semgrep-from-ocaml-4-to-ocaml-5-dynamic-gc-utility/16256/5

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Nat Mote announced
    

    

    
I've just released a new version that includes the following module:

    


    

    module Config : sig
  (** Produces a simple config that will set space_overhead to 120, the default,
   * when the size of the major heap is below the given threshold. When the heap
   * is larger than the given threshold, space_overhead will be set to 80. *)
  val simple: threshold_mb:int -> config
end

    

    


    
That will make the utility even easier to configure while still allowing the application developer to set a memory threshold that is relevant to them.

    

    

    

    

    

    Typesafe complicated combinations
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-typesafe-complicated-combinations/16548/1

    

    

    

    rand announced
    

    

    
Heya everyone –

    


    
I've written a blogpost based on a recent experience adding typesafety to the pmmd codebase – handling a lot of different data and functions that needs to be combined in the right ways. 

    


    
In it I make use of phantom types and OCamls module system to express the invariants - which I find is a nice set of typesystem features to express complicated relations in a relatively simple but efficient and scaleable way. Also, I think interesting design patterns can emerge from this way of working.

    


    
Let me know here if you have any questions or comments 

    


    
Thanks (:

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 29 to May
06, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Docfd 11.0.0: TUI multiline fuzzy document finder
opam 2.4.0~alpha1
Early work experimenting with zig as a cross-compiler for OCaml
Dune 3.18
A tool to reverse debug OCaml/other binary runs
opam 2.4.0~alpha2
(BER) MetaOCaml N153, for OCaml 5.3.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Docfd 11.0.0: TUI multiline fuzzy document finder
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Darren announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi all, I am happy to announce the release of Docfd 11.0.0.

  [Repo]


[Repo] 

What Docfd is
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Think interactive grep for text files, PDFs, DOCXs, etc, but
  word/token based instead of regex and line based, so you can search
  across lines easily.

  Docfd aims to provide good UX via integration with common text editors
  and PDF viewers, so you can jump directly to a search result with a
  single key press.

  If you have used Recoll or other local document search engines before,
  then you can roughly think of this as Recoll-lite with TUI.


=E2=97=8A Interactive use

  


=E2=97=8A Non-interactive use

  


=E2=97=8A Features

  =E2=80=A2 Multithreaded indexing and searching
  =E2=80=A2 Multiline fuzzy search of multiple files
  =E2=80=A2 Content view pane that shows the snippet surrounding the search
    result selected
  =E2=80=A2 Text editor and PDF viewer integration
  =E2=80=A2 Editable command history - rewrite/plan your actions in text ed=
itor
  =E2=80=A2 Search scope narrowing - limit scope of next search based on cu=
rrent
    search results
  =E2=80=A2 Clipboard integration


Changes since 3.0.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The last version announced here was 3.0.0. Docfd has since then
  undergone many improvements.

  Major changes:

  =E2=80=A2 Asynchronous UI
    =E2=80=A2 You can type and interact with UI without any blocking even if
      search is slow, and active search will be cancelled when
      appropriate
  =E2=80=A2 Scripting functionality in the form of a commands file
    =E2=80=A2 One-to-one correspondence to most UI interactions, allowing y=
ou to
      interact as normal, and save your interaction into a file to
      repeat the search steps later via `=E2=80=93commands-from`
  =E2=80=A2 Swapped to using SQLite as index DB format, which lowers the me=
mory
    footprint significantly
    =E2=80=A2 For the sample of 1.4GB of PDFs used, earlier versions use ar=
ound
      1.9GB of memory to store the index in-memory, while versions since
      9.0.0 use only 39MB of memory
  =E2=80=A2 Document indexing was reworked into a multistage pipeline to al=
low
    I/O tasks and computational tasks to run concurrently, which makes
    indexing a few times faster than older versions usually
  =E2=80=A2 Searching was also reworked into a pipeline for better work
    distribution across domains, improving search speed by 30% in the
    sample set of PDFs
  =E2=80=A2 Added `--open-with' to allow customising the command used to op=
en a
    file based on file extension


opam 2.4.0~alpha1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, Ryan Gibb announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

        :snowflake: Add *Nix support* for *external dependencies
        (depexts)* by adding support for stateless package
        managers ([#5982]). /Thanks to [@RyanGibb] for this
        contribution/

  I've written a small explainer of this at
   and am happy to receive
  feedback on this mechanism!


[#5982] 

[@RyanGibb] 


Early work experimenting with zig as a cross-compiler for OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Chris Armstrong announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've written up a summary in a blog post of much of my progress I've
  described above:
  


Dune 3.18
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Dune Team is glad to announce the release of Dune `3.18.2'.

  This version contains a fix to restore compatibility with the upcoming
  OCaml `5.4.0'.


Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 fix compatibility with `ocaml.5.4.0' by avoiding shadowing sigw=
inch
    (@nojb, #11639)


A tool to reverse debug OCaml/other binary runs
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Sid Kshatriya announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  BTW aarch64 support was released =E2=80=93 forgot to mention it on this
  thread.


opam 2.4.0~alpha2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  We are happy to announce the second alpha release of opam 2.4.0.

  This version is an alpha, we invite users to test it to spot
  previously unnoticed bugs as we head towards the stable release.


What=E2=80=99s new?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 :dragon_face: `opam switch create [name] ' will not in=
clude
    compiler packages flagged with `avoid-version~/~deprecated' in the
    generated invariant anymore. ([#6494]) This will allow opam to avoid
    the use of the `ocaml-system' package unless actually explicitly
    requested by the user. The opam experience when the `ocaml-system'
    compiler is used is known to be prone to a variety of bugs and
    configuration issues.  This alpha made this change in order to
    provide `opam switch create' with the same experience as `opam
    init', which will itself not choose `ocaml-system' anymore since the
    previous alpha1 release.

  =E2=80=A2 :window: Fallback to the existing Cygwin package manager if its
    upgrade failed to be fetched ([#6495], partial fix for [#6474])

  =E2=80=A2 :goggles: Fix various crashes and extreme performance issues wh=
en
    updating some opam repositories ([#6448])

  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information, and for
  even more details you can take a look at the [release note] or the
  [changelog].


[#6494] 

[#6495] 

[#6474] 

[#6448] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.4.0~alpha2"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0~alpha2"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Please report any issues to the [bug-tracker].

  Happy hacking, <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[bug-tracker] 


(BER) MetaOCaml N153, for OCaml 5.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Oleg announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  BER MetaOCaml (or, simply MetaOCaml, since there aren't any others)
  N153 is a strict superset of OCaml 5.3.0 for ``writing programs that
  generate programs''.  MetaOCaml adds to OCaml the type of code values
  (denoting ``program code'', or future-stage computations), and two
  basic constructs to build them: quoting and splicing. MetaOCaml also
  features cross-stage persistence, generating ordinary and
  mutually-recursive definitions, first-class pattern-matching and
  heterogeneous metaprogramming.

  The generated code can be printed, stored in a file =E2=80=93 or compiled=
 and
  linked-back to the running program, thus implementing run-time code
  optimization. A subset of the generated OCaml code can also be
  converted to C, via offshoring. (The generated C needs no particular
  runtime or GC.) A well-typed MetaOCaml program generates only
  well-scoped and well-typed programs: The generated code shall compile
  without type errors.  Staging-annotation=E2=80=93free MetaOCaml is identi=
cal
  to OCaml; MetaOCaml can link to any OCaml-compiled library (and vice
  versa).

  There aren't any notable new features to talk about. OCaml 5.x has
  changed AST (Parsetree) and Typedtree in significant ways, especially
  concerning functions. Adjusting MetaOCaml to those changes took some
  work. See also ChangeLog and NOTES.txt in the MetaOCaml distribution
  for more details.

  I'm very thankful to the OCaml team for merging the patch to the OCaml
  grammar concerning staging annotations. It has made maintaining
  MetaOCaml quite easier.

  MetaOCaml N153 should be available through OPAM, hopefully soon.  In
  the meanwhile, it is available as a set of patches to the OCaml 5.3.0
  distribution.   See the
  INSTALL document in that archive. You need the source distribution of
  OCaml 5.3.0.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Bstr, a synthetic library for bigstrings]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Bstr, a synthetic library for bigstrings]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 29 to May 06, 2=
025.

    



    

    Docfd 11.0.0: TUI multiline fuzzy document finder
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-docfd-11=
-0-0-tui-multiline-fuzzy-document-finder/16574/1

    

    

    

    Darren announced
    

    

    
Hi all, I am happy to announce the release of Docfd 11.0.0.

    


    
Repo

    

    

    

    What Docfd is
    

    

    
Think interactive grep for text files, PDFs, DOCXs, etc, but word/token bas=
ed instead of regex and line based, so you can search across lines easily.

    


    
Docfd aims to provide good UX via integration with common text editors and =
PDF viewers, so you can jump directly to a search result with a single key =
press.

    


    
If you have used Recoll or other local document search engines before, then=
 you can roughly think of this as Recoll-lite with TUI.

    

    

      

    • Interactive use
      

      


      

      3D"6e01a779f649ba35=

      

      

      

      • 

    • Non-interactive use
      

      


      

      3D"6d6984de3d73d0c9=

      

      

      

      • 

    • Features
      

      

        

      • Multithreaded indexing and searching
        • 

      • Multiline fuzzy search of multiple files
        • 

      • Content view pane that shows the snippet surrounding the search result =
selected
        • 

      • Text editor and PDF viewer integration
        • 

      • Editable command history - rewrite/plan your actions in text editor
        • 

      • Search scope narrowing - limit scope of next search based on current se=
arch results
        • 

      • Clipboard integration
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Changes since 3.0.0
    

    

    
The last version announced here was 3.0.0. Docfd has since then undergone m=
any improvements.

    


    
Major changes:

    


      

    • Asynchronous UI

        

      • You can type and interact with UI without any blocking even if search i=
s slow, and active search will be cancelled when appropriate
        • 

      • 

    • Scripting functionality in the form of a commands file

        

      • One-to-one correspondence to most UI interactions, allowing you to inte=
ract as normal, and save your interaction into a file to repeat the search =
steps later via `–commands-from`
        • 

      • 

    • Swapped to using SQLite as index DB format, which lowers the memory foo=
tprint significantly

        

      • For the sample of 1.4GB of PDFs used, earlier versions use around 1.9GB=
 of memory to store the index in-memory, while versions since 9.0.0 use onl=
y 39MB of memory
        • 

      • 

    • Document indexing was reworked into a multistage pipeline to allow I/O =
tasks and computational tasks to run concurrently, which makes indexing a f=
ew times faster than older versions usually
      • 

    • Searching was also reworked into a pipeline for better work distributio=
n across domains, improving search speed by 30% in the sample set of PDFs

    • Added --open-with to allow customising the command used to=
 open a file based on file extension
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.4.0~alpha1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-4-0-alpha1/16520/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Ryan Gibb announced
    

    

    

    
:snowflake: Add Nix support for external dependencies (depexts) by adding support for stateless package managers (#5982). Thanks to @RyanGibb for this contribution

    

    


    
I've written a small explainer of this at https://ryan.freumh.org/opam-nix.html and am happy to =
receive feedback on this mechanism!

    

    

    

    

    

    Early work experimenting with zig as a cross-compiler for OCam=
l
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
early-work-experimenting-with-zig-as-a-cross-compiler-for-ocaml/16151/17

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Chris Armstrong announced
    

    

    
I've written up a summary in a blog post of much of my progress I've descri=
bed above: https://www.chrisarmstrong.dev/posts/ocaml-cross-com=
pilation-an-experiment

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.18
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-18/16428/3

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
The Dune Team is glad to announce the release of Dune 3.18.2.

    


    
This version contains a fix to restore compatibility with the upcoming OCam=
l 5.4.0.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • fix compatibility with ocaml.5.4.0 by avoiding shadowing s=
igwinch (@nojb, #11639)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    A tool to reverse debug OCaml/other binary runs
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-a-tool-to=
-reverse-debug-ocaml-other-binary-runs/16366/6

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Sid Kshatriya announced
    

    

    
BTW aarch64 support was released – forgot to mention it on this thre=
ad.

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.4.0~alpha2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-4-0-alpha2/16609/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy to announce the second alpha release of opam 2.4.0.

    


    
This version is an alpha, we invite users to test it to spot previously unn=
oticed bugs as we head towards the stable release.

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s new?
    

    

      

    • :dragon_face: opam switch create [name] <version> wi=
ll not include compiler packages flagged with avoid-version~/~depreca=
ted in the generated invariant anymore. (#6494)
This will allow opam to avoid the use of the ocaml-system pack=
age unless actually explicitly requested by the user. The opam experience w=
hen the ocaml-system compiler is used is known to be prone to =
a variety of bugs and configuration issues.
This alpha made this change in order to provide opam switch create with the same experience as opam init, which will itself =
not choose ocaml-system anymore since the previous alpha1 rele=
ase.
      • 


    • :window: Fallback to the existing Cygwin package manager if its upgrade=
 failed to be fetched (#6495, partial fix for #6474)
      • 


    • :goggles: Fix various crashes and extreme performance issues when updat=
ing some opam repositories (#6448)
      • 

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information, and for even more details =
you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
4.0~alpha2"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0~alpha2"

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    (BER) MetaOCaml N153, for OCaml 5.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://inbox.ci.dev/caml-list/aBmw%2F+5a2x%2FaQN5m@Magus=
.localnet/T/#u

    

    

    

    Oleg announced
    

    

    
BER MetaOCaml (or, simply MetaOCaml, since there aren't any others)
N153 is a strict superset of OCaml 5.3.0 for ``writing programs that
generate programs''.  MetaOCaml adds to OCaml the type of code values
(denoting ``program code'', or future-stage computations), and two
basic constructs to build them: quoting and splicing. MetaOCaml also
features cross-stage persistence, generating ordinary and
mutually-recursive definitions, first-class pattern-matching and
heterogeneous metaprogramming.

    


    
The generated code can be printed, stored in a file – or
compiled and linked-back to the running program, thus implementing
run-time code optimization. A subset of the generated OCaml code can
also be converted to C, via offshoring. (The generated C needs no
particular runtime or GC.) A well-typed MetaOCaml program
generates only well-scoped and well-typed programs: The generated code
shall compile without type errors.  Staging-annotation–free
MetaOCaml is identical to OCaml; MetaOCaml can link to any
OCaml-compiled library (and vice versa).

    


    
There aren't any notable new features to talk about. OCaml 5.x has
changed AST (Parsetree) and Typedtree in significant ways, especially
concerning functions. Adjusting MetaOCaml to those changes took some
work. See also ChangeLog and NOTES.txt in the MetaOCaml distribution
for more details.

    


    
I'm very thankful to the OCaml team for merging the patch to the OCaml
grammar concerning staging annotations. It has made maintaining
MetaOCaml quite easier.

    


    
MetaOCaml N153 should be available through OPAM, hopefully soon.
In the meanwhile, it is available as a set of patches to the=20
OCaml 5.3.0 distribution.=20
        https://o=
kmij.org/ftp/ML/ber-metaocaml.tar.gz
See the INSTALL document in that archive. You need the source
distribution of OCaml 5.3.0.

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 06 to 13,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

FlexDLL 0.44 released
(BER) MetaOCaml N153, for OCaml 5.3.0
Using fixture files in OCaml tests with Dune
OCaml support in Zed editor
Typesafe complicated combinations
OCaml Platform Newsletter: February to April 2025
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


FlexDLL 0.44 released
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


David Allsopp announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the release of [FlexDLL 0.44] which has just
  been [merged to opam-repository].

  FlexDLL is primarily used by the mingw-w64 and MSVC versions of
  Windows OCaml to implement `Dynlink'.

  The release contains several bug-fixes to do with the handling of
  objects ([ocaml/flexdll#29], [ocaml/flexdll#126] and
  [ocaml/flexdll#150]), several improvements to command line handling
  ([ocaml/flexdll#148], [ocaml/flexdll#151] and [ocaml/flexdll#152]), as
  well as various hardenings and improvements for cross-compiling and
  for use of alternate compiler toolchains.

  Since FlexDLL is used by the compiler itself, the upgrade is similar
  in impact to a new compiler release, in that opam switches will be
  fully recompiled.


[FlexDLL 0.44] 

[merged to opam-repository]


[ocaml/flexdll#29] 

[ocaml/flexdll#126] 

[ocaml/flexdll#150] 

[ocaml/flexdll#148] 

[ocaml/flexdll#151] 

[ocaml/flexdll#152] 


(BER) MetaOCaml N153, for OCaml 5.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Jeremy Yallop announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It's now available on OPAM:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.3.0+BER
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Using fixture files in OCaml tests with Dune
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Richard Degenne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have a couple of ongoing side-projects that I use to practice my
  OCaml every now and then, whenever I have some free time. The other
  day, I wanted to use fixtures for a test and it took me a while to get
  it to work properly with Dune, so I thought it was worth a write-up!

  I'm sharing it here because I would be especially interested in having
  some feedback from other OCaml developers, seasoned or not. <3

  


OCaml support in Zed editor
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The [zed editor] is a modern and very snappy editor developped in
  rust. It's a bit behind more mature emacs/vim/vscode in term of
  features, though it's already pretty usable. There is an [ocaml
  extension] which I contributed to a little bit.

  I'd be curious to know if other people have tried this editor and
  would be willing to put a little bit of work into the extension. For
  now I do it mostly for myself. And would probably have more motivation
  if I knew it's actually being used by other people too.


[zed editor] 

[ocaml extension] 


Typesafe complicated combinations
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, rand announced
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  To those of you interested, I updated the text with [further
  discussion] of the design-pattern - specifically about the fact that
  it reverses the dependency-relation between combined data, vs what one
  would have done by aggregating data within data.

  This is also loosely related to OO in an interesting way - in that
  objects in OO have identities, and *contain* data and procedures -
  where here it's individual data-sources (`Socket.Endpoint`s) that have
  identities, which are carried across different data, and finally used
  to combine in a typesafe way.

  I would be interested to hear if anyone also has experience with
  related patterns, and for what? Tyxml is one example.


[further discussion]



OCaml Platform Newsletter: February to April 2025
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  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the fourteenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

  In this February to April 2025 edition, we are excited to bring you
  the latest on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of
  highlighting recent developments as seen in [previous editions]. To
  understand the direction we're headed, especially regarding
  development workflows and user experience improvements, check out our
  [roadmap].

  *Highlights:*

  =E2=80=A2 *Dune Package Management is now Compatible with Large Parts of =
the
     Ecosystem*: The majority of Dune-based packages in opam-repository
     now build successfully with Dune package management. Continuous
     monitoring is available at [dune.check.ci.dev]. Technical barriers
     are being systematically addressed while maintaining compatibility
     with both opam and Dune workflows to ensure teams can transition at
     their own pace.
  =E2=80=A2 *Odoc 3.0 Release*: A major upgrade, introducing powerful featu=
res
     like type-based search through Sherlodoc, global sidebar
     navigation, integrated source code display, multimedia support,
     hierarchical documentation pages, and cross-package linking that
     creates truly connected documentation.
  =E2=80=A2 *New minor Emacs Mode:* OCaml-eglot replaces the venerable
     "merlin-mode", providing modern editor features through
     `ocaml-lsp-server'.
  =E2=80=A2 *First alpha of opam 2.4.0*: Significant improvements including
     removal of GNU patch/diff dependencies, better Nix integration,
     improved pinned repository visibility, UI enhancements for
     deprecated packages, and new version comparison tools and lock file
     management features.

  *Announcements:*

  =E2=80=A2 ["opam 2.4.0 alpha1 release" on the Opam Blog]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Infrastructure: FreeBSD 14.2 Upgrade]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Infrastructure: OCaml-version 4.0.0 released]

  *Calls for Feedback:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune Developer Preview Adoption Survey]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Editor Plugins Survey]
  =E2=80=A2 [Asking For Community Feedback on the OCaml Platform Communicat=
ions]

  *Releases:*

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.4.0~alpha1]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.18.2]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.18.1]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.18.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Odoc 3.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [dune-release 2.1.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Ppxlib 0.36.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Ppxlib 0.35.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-eglot 1.2.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-eglot 1.1.0]


[previous editions] 

[roadmap] 

[dune.check.ci.dev] 

["opam 2.4.0 alpha1 release" on the Opam Blog]


[OCaml Infrastructure: FreeBSD 14.2 Upgrade]


[OCaml Infrastructure: OCaml-version 4.0.0 released]


[Dune Developer Preview Adoption Survey]


[OCaml Editor Plugins Survey]


[Asking For Community Feedback on the OCaml Platform Communications]


[opam 2.4.0~alpha1]


[Dune 3.18.2] 

[Dune 3.18.1] 

[Dune 3.18.0] 

[Odoc 3.0] 

[dune-release 2.1.0]


[Ppxlib 0.36.0] 

[Ppxlib 0.35.0] 

[ocaml-eglot 1.2.0]


[ocaml-eglot 1.1.0]


*Dune*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Roadmap:* [Develop / (W4) Build a Project]

  Dune 3.18 brings various quality-of-life improvements, bug fixes, and
  new features. It introduces support for the new `x-maintenance-intent'
  field in opam packages, allowing maintainers to better communicate
  project status. The release also includes the new `(format-dune-file
  ...)' stanza, formalizing the dune format-dune-file command as an
  inside rule, and adds support for the `not' operator in package
  dependencies constraints. Several improvements to cache handling of
  file permissions have been implemented, and users can now utilize the
  `--prefix' flag when configuring dune with `ocaml configure.ml',
  providing greater installation flexibility.

  From 3.18.0, Dune now uses shorter paths for inline-test artifacts,
  allows dash characters in project names created with `dune init', and
  displays negative error codes on Windows in hexadecimal format =E2=80=94 =
the
  customary way to display `NTSTATUS' codes. The release also enhances
  stability with improved retry mechanisms for file delete operations on
  Windows under heavy load and provides better warning behavior when
  failing to discover the project root due to read failures, replacing
  the previous abort behavior.

  Shortly after, Dune 3.18.1 was released with a hotfix that corrects an
  issue where `pkg-config' would fail to find certain libraries in
  specific contexts, while Dune 3.18.2 provides support for the upcoming
  OCaml 5.4 release.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Dune 3.18.2]
  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Dune 3.18.1]
  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Dune 3.18.0]

  *Maintained by:* Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane Street), Nicol=C3=A1s
   Ojeda B=C3=A4r (@nojb, LexiFi), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV,
   Tarides), Ali Caglayan (@Alizter), Etienne Millon (@emillon,
   Tarides), Stephen Sherratt (@gridbugs, Tarides), Antonio Nuno
   Monteiro (@anmonteiro), Etienne Marais (@maiste)


[Develop / (W4) Build a Project]


[Release of Dune 3.18.2]


[Release of Dune 3.18.1]


[Release of Dune 3.18.0]


=E2=97=8A *Dune Package Management*

  As of May 9, a large part of Dune-based packages on `opam-repository'
  now build successfully with Dune package management. At
  [dune.check.ci.dev], we provide continuous monitoring of build success
  across the ecosystem, giving visibility into compatibility before
  migration.

  The effort of making Dune package management compatible with the wider
  OCaml ecosystem is ongoing and aims to assess when Dune package
  management is ready for adoption in production settings. We are
  committed to maintain compatibility with both opam and Dune workflows,
  ensuring teams can transition at their own pace with minimal
  disruption to existing projects

  Technical barriers have been and are being systematically addressed,
  e.g. improved handling of ZIP archives, better dependency conflict
  resolution, and enhanced support for pinned packages that don't use
  Dune's build system.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 ["Expanding Dune Package Management to the Rest of the Ecosyste=
m" on
    the Tarides Blog]


  [dune.check.ci.dev] 

  ["Expanding Dune Package Management to the Rest of the Ecosystem" on
  the Tarides Blog]
  


=E2=97=8A *Dune Developer Preview*

  [Dune Developer Preview] is an experimental channel that introduces
  cutting-edge features to streamline OCaml development
  workflows. Building upon Dune's foundation as OCaml's official build
  system, this initiative allows us to iterate quickly on ideas and
  experiment with improving the developer experience and with
  experimental features. For example, one feature that came out of Dune
  Developer Preview and made it into the upstream codebase is package
  management: by enabling Dune to deal with project dependencies, we
  eliminate the need to juggle multiple tools.

  The tooling includes built-in LSP support, formatting capabilities,
  and a shared cache that dramatically improves build performance. Early
  adopters are encouraged to [provide feedback] as these experimental
  features mature toward stable releases.

  We are in the process of adopting Dune Developer Preview for the OCaml
  Platform Tools and other projects. This is to ensure that (1) Dune
  Developer Preview keeps providing a good developer experience on
  production codebases and (2) to catch bugs and issues as early as we
  can. At the moment, we are making a concerted effort to fix issues and
  add necessary features that block adoption of Dune Developer Preview
  on the OCaml Platform Tools projects.

  We're always interested in and addressing community feedback and bug
  reports, as well. In March, we conducted a [public survey to better
  understand the reach, adoption, and experience of/with Dune Developer
  Preview] in the OCaml community.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune Developer Preview Adoption Survey]


  [Dune Developer Preview] 

  [provide feedback]
  

  [public survey to better understand the reach, adoption, and
  experience of/with Dune Developer Preview]
  

  [Dune Developer Preview Adoption Survey]
  


*Editor Tools*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Roadmap:* [Edit / (W19) Navigate Code], [Edit / (W20) Refactor Code]

  To better understand how the OCaml community uses the different editor
  plugins available for OCaml, and to get an idea which features are
  most anticipated, we ran a [survey on the OCaml Editors Plugins].

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Editor Plugins Survey]
  =E2=80=A2 [April 2025 Editors Dev Meeting]

  Focus: Project-wide occurrences demo

  =E2=80=A2 [February 2025 Editors Dev Meeting]

  Focus: Introduction of ocaml-eglot Emacs mode

  *OCaml LSP Server maintained by:* Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides),
   Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg,
   Jane Street)

  *Merlin maintained by:* Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier Van
   de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides)


[Edit / (W19) Navigate Code]


[Edit / (W20) Refactor Code]


[survey on the OCaml Editors Plugins]


[OCaml Editor Plugins Survey]


[April 2025 Editors Dev Meeting]


[February 2025 Editors Dev Meeting]


=E2=97=8A Merlin and OCaml LSP Server

  Project-wide occurrences are available in both Merlin and OCaml-LSP,
  allowing developers to find all instances of a symbol across their
  codebase by running `dune build @build-index -w'. The feature has
  basic editor support via `merlin-project-occurrences' in Emacs and
  `:MerlinOccurrencesProjectWide' in Vim. Additionally, users of OCaml
  5.3 and LSP-based plugins can experiment with the first iteration on
  project-wide *renaming*.


=E2=97=8A Visual Studio Code plugin

  Behind the scenes, some work is happening on improving the developer
  experience for the OCaml VSCode editor plugin: When `ocaml-lsp-server'
  is not found in the opam switch, the plugin will prompt the user to
  offer installing it, and we are working on making the editor plugin
  work seamlessly with the recent dune package management features.

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 WIP on opam: Automatically installing/updating ocaml-lsp-server
    
  =E2=80=A2 WIP on Dune: Automatically configuring dune package management:
    


=E2=97=8A Emacs support

  On January 17, [OCaml-eglot version 1.0.0 was released], providing a
  new minor emacs mode to enable the editor features provided by
  *ocaml-lsp-server*. This replaces the venerable =E2=80=9Cmerlin-mode=E2=
=80=9D, after
  many years of loyal service.

  Subsequent releases [`1.1.0'] and [`1.2.0'] enable support for
  `flycheck' as a configurable alternative to `flymake' (`1.0.0'
  release), Emacs `30.1' support, better user experience and error
  handling, as well as support for new features.

  All these features have enabled OCaml-eglot to support client
  commands, making it possible to extend OCaml-eglot more easily and to
  integrate features much more rapidly. Since version `1.2.0',
  OCaml-eglot has all the functions of Merlin mode (and more)!

  We encourage you to try `ocaml-eglot' (refer to the updated
  [documentation on editor setup on OCaml.org]) and to [give feedback /
  report bugs by raising an issue on the ocaml-eglot repository]!

  Besides this, we have updated the documentation on Editor Setup on
  OCaml.org to reflect the new situation for Emacs!

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 [Updated Tutorial on Setting Up Emacs Support on OCaml.org]
  =E2=80=A2 [Release of ocaml-eglot 1.1.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Release of ocaml-eglot 1.2.0]


  [OCaml-eglot version 1.0.0 was released]
  

  [`1.1.0'] 

  [`1.2.0']
  

  [documentation on editor setup on OCaml.org]
  

  [give feedback / report bugs by raising an issue on the ocaml-eglot
  repository] 

  [Updated Tutorial on Setting Up Emacs Support on OCaml.org]
  

  [Release of ocaml-eglot 1.1.0]
  

  [Release of ocaml-eglot 1.2.0]
  


*Documentation Tools*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Roadmap:* [Share / (W25) Generate Documentation]


[Share / (W25) Generate Documentation]


=E2=97=8A Odoc

  Odoc 3.0 has arrived after more than a year of development since the
  previous 2.4 release, bringing significant enhancements to OCaml's
  documentation tooling. The update introduces powerful new features
  including type-based search functionality through [Sherlodoc], a
  global sidebar for improved navigation across documentation pages, and
  integrated source code display that allows developers to jump directly
  from documentation to rendered source regardless of module system
  complexity. Additional highlights include support for multimedia
  content (images, video, and audio), hierarchical documentation pages
  for better structure, and cross-package linking capabilities that
  create truly connected documentation, as well as support for
  incremental documentation builds.

  It's worth noting that Dune does not yet support Odoc 3 as its rules
  need rewriting to accommodate the new CLI and incremental build
  capabilities. In the interim, developers can use the standalone
  `odoc_driver' command to generate documentation for their packages as
  shown in the ["Remapping dependencies" documentation].

  The Odoc team encourages all OCaml developers to test their
  documentation with the new release before publishing packages, which
  can help avoid post-release fixes like [this example]. For a practical
  introduction to the new features, developers can install the package
  via `opam install odoc-driver' and explore the comprehensive
  documentation available for the [Odoc toolchain].

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of odoc 3.0.0]
  =E2=80=A2 ["Odoc 3: So what?" on Jon Ludlam's blog] - blog post that touc=
hes
    on how odoc 3's cross-package linking capabilities enable writing
    better manuals

  *Maintained by:* Jon Ludlam (@jonludlam, Tarides), Daniel B=C3=BCnzli
   (@dbuenzli), Jules Aguillon (@julow, Tarides), Paul-Elliot Angl=C3=A8s
   d'Auriac (@panglesd, Tarides), Emile Trotignon (@EmileTrotignon,
   Tarides, then Ahrefs)


  [Sherlodoc] 

  ["Remapping dependencies" documentation]
  

  [this example] 

  [Odoc toolchain] 

  [Release of odoc 3.0.0]
  

  ["Odoc 3: So what?" on Jon Ludlam's blog]
  


*Package Management*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Opam

  The [first alpha of opam 2.4.0 has been released], bringing
  significant improvements.

  The removal of GNU `patch' and `diff' as runtime dependencies reduces
  cross-platform inconsistencies, as the manager now uses the native
  OCaml `patch' library instead. Nix users will appreciate Nix support
  for external dependencies, facilitating more consistent environments
  across development and production systems.

  Notable for daily development work: pinned VCS repositories now
  display their current revision for better traceability, and several UI
  improvements provide clearer visibility into deprecated packages. The
  enhanced command set includes version comparison tools and better lock
  file management with `opam lock --keep-local', particularly useful for
  maintaining consistent dependency states across team environments.

  Teams running NixOS will benefit from fixed sandboxing support, while
  the new `OPAMSOLVERTOLERANCE' environment variable helps resolve
  persistent solver timeouts that previously was unsolvable by MCCS.

  Early testing and feedback from development teams is encouraged to
  ensure a stable final release. Please [report any issues to the
  bug-tracker].

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 ["opam 2.4.0 alpha1 release" on the Opam Blog]
  =E2=80=A2 `opam upgrade' fixes [#6373]
  =E2=80=A2 Use `patch' OCaml library instead of the `patch' command [#5892]
  =E2=80=A2 Add some lints [#6317], [#6438]
  =E2=80=A2 Pinning system fixes [#5471], [#6343], [#6309], [#6375], [#6256=
],
    [#5471]
  =E2=80=A2 Add `opam admin migrate-extrafiles' command [#5960], change opam
    admin check options [#6335]
  =E2=80=A2 Depext system: better performance [#6324], enhance OpenBSD [#63=
62]
  =E2=80=A2 Some UI improvments [#6376], [#6401], [#6358], [#6273]
  =E2=80=A2 UX improvments: remove `ocaml-system' from default compiler at =
init
    [#6307]
  =E2=80=A2 Provide a way to avoid solver timeouts [#5510]
  =E2=80=A2 Add `opam lock  --keep-local' [#6411]

  *Maintained by:* Raja Boujbel (@rjbou - OCamlPro), Kate Deplaix
   (@kit-ty-kate, Ahrefs), David Allsopp (@dra27, Tarides)


  [first alpha of opam 2.4.0 has been released]
  

  [report any issues to the bug-tracker]
  

  ["opam 2.4.0 alpha1 release" on the Opam Blog]
  

  [#6373] 

  [#5892] 

  [#6317] 

  [#6438] 

  [#5471] 

  [#6343] 

  [#6309] 

  [#6375] 

  [#6256] 

  [#5960] 

  [#6335] 

  [#6324] 

  [#6362] 

  [#6376] 

  [#6401] 

  [#6358] 

  [#6273] 

  [#6307] 

  [#5510] 

  [#6411] 


=E2=97=8A Dune-release

  *Roadmap:* [Share / (W26) Package Publication]

  Dune-release 2.1.0, has been released, providing a new command
  `dune-release delegate-info version', which makes it easier to
  identify the current version of a package as inferred by the
  tool. Additionally, the release introduces more flexibility with the
  `--dev-repo' flag for `dune-release' and `dune-release publish'
  commands, allowing users to override the `dev-repo' field specified in
  the `.opam' file during the release process.

  Dune-release no longer publishes documentation to GitHub Pages by
  default. This decision reflects the OCaml ecosystem's consolidation
  around centralized documentation, as package documentation is now
  automatically built and served by [ocaml.org/packages] following
  publication to the opam repository.

  The update also improves compatibility and resolves several issues,
  including a fix for decoding GitHub URLs and ensuring dune-release
  works with the experimental package management feature from Dune. The
  tool now handles the presence of `~/.dune/bin/dune' without failing,
  making it more robust for developers exploring Dune's newer features.

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of dune-release 2.1.0]

  *Maintained by:* Thomas Gazagnaire (@samoht, Tarides), Etienne Millon
   (@emillon, Tarides), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, Tarides)


  [Share / (W26) Package Publication]
  

  [ocaml.org/packages] 

  [Release of dune-release 2.1.0]
  


Ppxlib
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The ppxlib team has released versions 0.35.0 and 0.36.0!

  Ppxlib 0.35.0, released in February 2025, brings significant
  improvements for OCaml 5.3 compatibility by allowing ppx rewriters to
  operate on files containing the new effect syntax. While ppx
  extensions and effect syntax can coexist, developers should note that
  rewriters might encounter errors when processing effect syntax nodes
  in extension payloads or generated code. The release introduces a new
  `--use-compiler-pp' driver flag, useful for preserving effect syntax
  when outputting source code instead of marshalled AST. This update
  also removes support for compilers older than 4.08.

  The latest ppxlib 0.36.0, released in March 2025, updates the internal
  AST to target OCaml 5.2, enabling ppx authors to leverage features
  from this version while maintaining compatibility with OCaml 4.08.0
  and newer. This release includes notable changes to the representation
  of functions. Thus, package authors are strongly encouraged to consult
  [the upgrade guide] as many ppxes may break.

  Other improvements include fixing a bug in `loc_of_attribute', adding
  support for the `[@@@expand_inline]' transformation and floating
  attribute context-free transformations, and introducing a
  `-raise-embedded-errors' flag to the driver.

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of ppxlib 0.36.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Release of ppxlib 0.35.0]
  =E2=80=A2 [Upgrade guide for the OCaml 5.3 release of ppxlib]

  *Maintained by:* Patrick Ferris ([@patricoferris])


[the upgrade guide]


[Release of ppxlib 0.36.0]


[Release of ppxlib 0.35.0]


[Upgrade guide for the OCaml 5.3 release of ppxlib]


[@patricoferris] 


OCaml Infrastructure
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The OCaml infrastructure team has upgraded their OBuilder workers for
  FreeBSD from version 14.1 to 14.2, which directly impacts two key
  continuous integration services:

  1. *OCaml-CI* ([ocaml.ci.dev]) - This service automatically tests
      OCaml projects hosted on GitHub, and will now test against FreeBSD
      14.2 instead of 14.1. Projects using this CI service will
      automatically be tested against the newer FreeBSD version.
  2. *opam-repo-CI* ([opam.ci.ocaml.org]) - This service tests pull
      requests to the opam package repository, and will also now test
      against FreeBSD 14.2 rather than 14.1.

  With the release of `ocaml-version' 4.0.0, the OCaml version
  considered "recent" has been raised from 4.02 to 4.08. This change
  affects multiple services that use this definition to determine which
  OCaml versions to test against:

  1. *OCaml-CI* - Will adjust which OCaml compiler versions are tested
      by default for projects
  2. *opam-repo-CI* - Will modify its testing matrix for packages in the
      opam repository
  3. *Docker base image builder* - Will only build images for OCaml 4.08
      and newer

  As these services update, testing on older OCaml releases (versions
  4.02 through 4.07) will be gradually removed. Package maintainers
  should consider upgrading projects still using pre-4.08 OCaml versions
  to OCaml 4.08 or higher.

  Apart from this, at the end of April 2025, registry.ci.dev,
  opam-repo-ci, OCaml-CI and get.dune.build were moved from Equinix
  Hosting to hosting at the Cambridge University Computer Lab, because
  of the [sunset of the Equinix Metal platform].

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 ["Moving OCaml-CI" on tunbury.org]
  =E2=80=A2 ["Equinix Moves" on tunbury.org]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Infrastructure: FreeBSD 14.2 Upgrade]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Infrastructure: OCaml-version 4.0.0 released]


[ocaml.ci.dev] 

[opam.ci.ocaml.org] 

[sunset of the Equinix Metal platform]


["Moving OCaml-CI" on tunbury.org] 

["Equinix Moves" on tunbury.org]


[OCaml Infrastructure: FreeBSD 14.2 Upgrade]


[OCaml Infrastructure: OCaml-version 4.0.0 released]


=E2=97=8A WIP: Odoc 3 on OCaml-Docs-CI

  The OCaml documentation pages provided through the [OCaml.org package
  area] are scheduled to receive significant updates with the release of
  odoc 3. To enable odoc 3 and all of its new features on OCaml.org, we
  are overhauling the docs-ci pipeline that powers documentation on
  ocaml.org. The improved pipeline addresses dependency complexities by
  using a new tool () that archives
  and restores opam packages, eliminating redundant builds of packages
  like dune that previously occurred thousands of times. The underlying
  infrastructure is also being upgraded, with plans to migrate docs-ci
  to a new blade server.

  *Notable Activity*

  =E2=80=A2 ["OCaml-Docs-CI and Odoc 3" on Jon Ludlam's blog]


  [OCaml.org package area] 

  ["OCaml-Docs-CI and Odoc 3" on Jon Ludlam's blog]
  


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Tarides at BOB Konferenz 2025]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Tarides at BOB Konferenz 2025]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 06 to 13, 2025.

    



    

    FlexDLL 0.44 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/flexdll-0-44-released/16614/1

    

    

    

    David Allsopp announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the release of FlexDLL 0.44 which has just been merged to opam-reposit=
ory.

    


    
FlexDLL is primarily used by the mingw-w64 and MSVC versions of Windows OCa=
ml to implement Dynlink.

    


    
The release contains several bug-fixes to do with the handling of objects (=
ocaml/flexdll#29=
, ocaml/flexdll#126=
 and ocaml/flexdl=
l#150),   several improvements to command line handling (ocaml/flexdll#148, ocaml/flexdll#151 and ocaml/flexdll#152), as w=
ell as various hardenings and improvements for cross-compiling and for use =
of alternate compiler toolchains.

    


    
Since FlexDLL is used by the compiler itself, the upgrade is similar in imp=
act to a new compiler release, in that opam switches will be fully recompil=
ed.

    

    

    

    

    

    (BER) MetaOCaml N153, for OCaml 5.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://inbox.ci.dev/caml-=
list/CAAxsn=3DFjN6R8ornKdjGsUZ_URuDEQ9m51em7=3DSayp3YjRvH0Kw@mail.gmail.com=
/

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Jeremy Yallop announced
    

    

    
It's now available on OPAM:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.3.0+BER

    

    

    

    

    

    Using fixture files in OCaml tests with Dune
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-using-fixt=
ure-files-in-ocaml-tests-with-dune/16620/1

    

    

    

    Richard Degenne announced
    

    

    
I have a couple of ongoing side-projects that I use to practice my OCaml ev=
ery now and then, whenever I have some free time. The other day, I wanted t=
o use fixtures for a test and it took me a while to get it to work properly=
 with Dune, so I thought it was worth a write-up!

    


    
I'm sharing it here because I would be especially interested in having some=
 feedback from other OCaml developers, seasoned or not. <3

    


    
https://blog.richarddegenne.fr/2025/05/07/using-fi=
xture-files-in-ocaml-tests-with-dune/

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml support in Zed editor
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-support-in-zed-editor/16623/1

    

    

    

    Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
The zed editor is a modern and very snappy=
 editor developped in rust. It's a bit behind more mature emacs/vim/vscode =
in term of features, though it's already pretty usable. There is an ocaml extension which I co=
ntributed to a little bit.

    


    
I'd be curious to know if other people have tried this editor and would be =
willing to put a little bit of work into the extension. For now I do it mos=
tly for myself. And would probably have more motivation if I knew it's actu=
ally being used by other people too.

    

    

    

    

    

    Typesafe complicated combinations
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-typesafe-complicated-=
combinations/16548/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, rand announced
    

    

    
To those of you interested, I updated the text with further discussion of the design-pattern - specifically about the fa=
ct that it reverses the dependency-relation between combined data, vs what =
one would have done by aggregating data within data.=20

    


    
This is also loosely related to OO in an interesting way - in that objects =
in OO have identities, and contain data and procedures - where here =
it's individual data-sources (`Socket.Endpoint`s) that have identities, whi=
ch are carried across different data, and finally used to combine in a type=
safe way.

    


    
I would be interested to hear if anyone also has experience with related pa=
tterns, and for what? Tyxml is one example.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Platform Newsletter: February to April 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-platform-n=
ewsletter-february-to-april-2025/16644/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the fourteenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this February to April 2025 edition, we are excited to bring you the lat=
est on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting recent =
developments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're headed,=
 especially regarding development workflows and user experience improvement=
s, check out our roadma=
p.

    


    
Highlights:

    


      

    • Dune Package Management is now Compatible with Large Parts of the Ec=
osystem: The majority of Dune-based packages in opam-repository now bui=
ld successfully with Dune package management. Continuous monitoring is avai=
lable at dune.check.ci.dev. Techn=
ical barriers are being systematically addressed while maintaining compatib=
ility with both opam and Dune workflows to ensure teams can transition at t=
heir own pace.
      • 

    • Odoc 3.0 Release: A major upgrade, introducing powerful features=
 like type-based search through Sherlodoc, global sidebar navigation, integ=
rated source code display, multimedia support, hierarchical documentation p=
ages, and cross-package linking that creates truly connected documentation.=

      • 

    • New minor Emacs Mode: OCaml-eglot replaces the venerable "merlin=
-mode", providing modern editor features through ocaml-lsp-server.
      • 

    • First alpha of opam 2.4.0: Significant improvements including re=
moval of GNU patch/diff dependencies, better Nix integration, improved pinn=
ed repository visibility, UI enhancements for deprecated packages, and new =
version comparison tools and lock file management features.
      • 

    


    
Announcements:

    




    
Calls for Feedback:

    




    
Releases:

    



    

    

    Dune
    

    

    
Roadmap: Develop / (W4) Build a Project

    


    
Dune 3.18 brings various quality-of-life improvements, bug fixes, and new f=
eatures. It introduces support for the new x-maintenance-intent field in opam packages, allowing maintainers to better communicate projec=
t status. The release also includes the new (format-dune-file ...) stanza, formalizing the dune format-dune-file command as an inside rul=
e, and adds support for the not operator in package dependenci=
es constraints. Several improvements to cache handling of file permissions =
have been implemented, and users can now utilize the --prefix =
flag when configuring dune with ocaml configure.ml, providing =
greater installation flexibility.

    


    
>>From 3.18.0, Dune now uses shorter paths for inline-test artifacts, allows =
dash characters in project names created with dune init, and d=
isplays negative error codes on Windows in hexadecimal format =E2=80=94 the=
 customary way to display NTSTATUS codes. The release also enh=
ances stability with improved retry mechanisms for file delete operations o=
n Windows under heavy load and provides better warning behavior when failin=
g to discover the project root due to read failures, replacing the previous=
 abort behavior.

    


    
Shortly after, Dune 3.18.1 was released with a hotfix that corrects an issu=
e where pkg-config would fail to find certain libraries in spe=
cific contexts, while Dune 3.18.2 provides support for the upcoming OCaml 5=
.4 release.

    


    
Activities:

    




    
Maintained by: Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane Street), Nicol=C3=A1s=
 Ojeda B=C3=A4r (@nojb, LexiFi), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, Tarides)=
, Ali Caglayan (@Alizter), Etienne Millon (@emillon, Tarides), Stephen Sher=
ratt (@gridbugs, Tarides), Antonio Nuno Monteiro (@anmonteiro), Etienne Mar=
ais (@maiste)

    

    

      

    • Dune Package Management
      

      

      
As of May 9, a large part of Dune-based packages on opam-repository now build successfully with Dune package management. At dune.check.ci.dev, we provide continuous monit=
oring of build success across the ecosystem, giving visibility into compati=
bility before migration.

      


      
The effort of making Dune package management compatible with the wider OCam=
l ecosystem is ongoing and aims to assess when Dune package management is r=
eady for adoption in production settings. We are committed to maintain comp=
atibility with both opam and Dune workflows, ensuring teams can transition =
at their own pace with minimal disruption to existing projects

      


      
Technical barriers have been and are being systematically addressed, e.g. i=
mproved handling of ZIP archives, better dependency conflict resolution, an=
d enhanced support for pinned packages that don't use Dune's build system.

      


      
Activities:

      



      

      • 

    • Dune Developer Preview
      

      

      
Dune Developer Preview is an ex=
perimental channel that introduces cutting-edge features to streamline OCam=
l development workflows. Building upon Dune's foundation as OCaml's officia=
l build system, this initiative allows us to iterate quickly on ideas and e=
xperiment with improving the developer experience and with experimental fea=
tures. For example, one feature that came out of Dune Developer Preview and=
 made it into the upstream codebase is package management: by enabling Dune=
 to deal with project dependencies, we eliminate the need to juggle multipl=
e tools.

      


      
The tooling includes built-in LSP support, formatting capabilities, and a s=
hared cache that dramatically improves build performance. Early adopters ar=
e encouraged to pr=
ovide feedback as these experimental features mature toward stable rele=
ases.

      


      
We are in the process of adopting Dune Developer Preview for the OCaml Plat=
form Tools and other projects. This is to ensure that (1) Dune Developer Pr=
eview keeps providing a good developer experience on production codebases a=
nd (2) to catch bugs and issues as early as we can. At the moment, we are m=
aking a concerted effort to fix issues and add necessary features that bloc=
k adoption of Dune Developer Preview on the OCaml Platform Tools projects.

      


      
We're always interested in and addressing community feedback and bug report=
s, as well. In March, we conducted a public survey to better under=
stand the reach, adoption, and experience of/with Dune Developer Preview in the OCaml community.

      


      
Activities:

      

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Editor Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Edit / (W19) Navigate Code, Edit / (W20) Refactor Code

    


    
To better understand how the OCaml community uses the different editor plug=
ins available for OCaml, and to get an idea which features are most anticip=
ated, we ran a survey on the OCaml Editors Plugins.

    


    
Notable Activity

    




    
Focus: Project-wide occurrences demo

    




    
Focus: Introduction of ocaml-eglot Emacs mode

    


    
OCaml LSP Server maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Taride=
s), Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane=
 Street)

    


    
Merlin maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier=
 Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides)

    

    

      

    • Merlin and OCaml LSP Server
      

      

      
Project-wide occurrences are available in both Merlin and OCaml-LSP, allowi=
ng developers to find all instances of a symbol across their codebase by ru=
nning dune build @build-index -w. The feature has basic editor=
 support via merlin-project-occurrences in Emacs and :Me=
rlinOccurrencesProjectWide in Vim. Additionally, users of OCaml 5.3 =
and LSP-based plugins can experiment with the first iteration on project-wi=
de renaming.

      

      

      • 

    • Visual Studio Code plugin
      

      

      
Behind the scenes, some work is happening on improving the developer experi=
ence for the OCaml VSCode editor plugin: When ocaml-lsp-server=
 is not found in the opam switch, the plugin will prompt the user to offer =
installing it, and we are working on making the editor plugin work seamless=
ly with the recent dune package management features.

      


      
Notable Activity

      



      

      • 

    • Emacs support
      

      

      
On January 17, OCaml-eglot version 1.0.0 was released, providing=
 a new minor emacs mode to enable the editor features provided by ocaml-=
lsp-server. This replaces the venerable =E2=80=9Cmerlin-mode=E2=80=9D, =
after many years of loyal service.

      


      
Subsequent releases 1.1.0 and 1.2.0 enable=
 support for flycheck as a configurable alternative to f=
lymake (1.0.0 release), Emacs 30.1 support=
, better user experience and error handling, as well as support for new fea=
tures.

      


      
All these features have enabled OCaml-eglot to support client commands, mak=
ing it possible to extend OCaml-eglot more easily and to integrate features=
 much more rapidly. Since version 1.2.0, OCaml-eglot has all t=
he functions of Merlin mode (and more)!

      


      
We encourage you to try ocaml-eglot (refer to the updated documentation on editor =
setup on OCaml.org) and to give feedback / report bugs by raising an issue on the ocaml-=
eglot repository!

      


      
Besides this, we have updated the documentation on Editor Setup on OCaml.or=
g to reflect the new situation for Emacs!

      


      
Notable Activity

      



      

      • 

    

    

    

    Documentation Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Share / (W25) Generate Documentation

    

    

      

    • Odoc
      

      

      
Odoc 3.0 has arrived after more than a year of development since the previo=
us 2.4 release, bringing significant enhancements to OCaml's documentation =
tooling. The update introduces powerful new features including type-based s=
earch functionality through Sherlodoc, a global sidebar for improved navigation ac=
ross documentation pages, and integrated source code display that allows de=
velopers to jump directly from documentation to rendered source regardless =
of module system complexity. Additional highlights include support for mult=
imedia content (images, video, and audio), hierarchical documentation pages=
 for better structure, and cross-package linking capabilities that create t=
ruly connected documentation, as well as support for incremental documentat=
ion builds.

      


      
It's worth noting that Dune does not yet support Odoc 3 as its rules need r=
ewriting to accommodate the new CLI and incremental build capabilities. In =
the interim, developers can use the standalone odoc_driver com=
mand to generate documentation for their packages as shown in the "Remapping dependencies" documentation.

      


      
The Odoc team encourages all OCaml developers to test their documentation w=
ith the new release before publishing packages, which can help avoid post-r=
elease fixes like this =
example. For a practical introduction to the new features, developers c=
an install the package via opam install odoc-driver and explor=
e the comprehensive documentation available for the Odoc toolchain.

      


      
Notable Activity

      




      
Maintained by: Jon Ludlam (@jonludlam, Tarides), Daniel B=C3=BCnzli =
(@dbuenzli), Jules Aguillon (@julow, Tarides), Paul-Elliot Angl=C3=A8s d'Au=
riac (@panglesd, Tarides), Emile Trotignon (@EmileTrotignon, Tarides, then =
Ahrefs)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Package Management
    

    

    

      

    • Opam
      

      

      
The first alpha =
of opam 2.4.0 has been released, bringing significant improvements.

      


      
The removal of GNU patch and diff as runtime depe=
ndencies reduces cross-platform inconsistencies, as the manager now uses th=
e native OCaml patch library instead. Nix users will appreciat=
e Nix support for external dependencies, facilitating more consistent envir=
onments across development and production systems.

      


      
Notable for daily development work: pinned VCS repositories now display the=
ir current revision for better traceability, and several UI improvements pr=
ovide clearer visibility into deprecated packages. The enhanced command set=
 includes version comparison tools and better lock file management with opam lock --keep-local, particularly useful for maintaining consi=
stent dependency states across team environments.

      


      
Teams running NixOS will benefit from fixed sandboxing support, while the n=
ew OPAMSOLVERTOLERANCE environment variable helps resolve pers=
istent solver timeouts that previously was unsolvable by MCCS.

      


      
Early testing and feedback from development teams is encouraged to ensure a=
 stable final release. Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

      


      
Notable Activity

      




      
Maintained by: Raja Boujbel (@rjbou - OCamlPro), Kate Deplaix (@kit-=
ty-kate, Ahrefs), David Allsopp (@dra27, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    • Dune-release
      

      

      
Roadmap: Share / (W26) Package Publication

      


      
Dune-release 2.1.0, has been released, providing a new command dune-r=
elease delegate-info version, which makes it easier to identify the =
current version of a package as inferred by the tool. Additionally, the rel=
ease introduces more flexibility with the --dev-repo flag for =
dune-release and dune-release publish commands, a=
llowing users to override the dev-repo field specified in the =
.opam file during the release process.

      


      
Dune-release no longer publishes documentation to GitHub Pages by default. =
This decision reflects the OCaml ecosystem's consolidation around centraliz=
ed documentation, as package documentation is now automatically built and s=
erved by ocaml.org/packages foll=
owing publication to the opam repository.

      


      
The update also improves compatibility and resolves several issues, includi=
ng a fix for decoding GitHub URLs and ensuring dune-release works with the =
experimental package management feature from Dune. The tool now handles the=
 presence of ~/.dune/bin/dune without failing, making it more =
robust for developers exploring Dune's newer features.

      


      
Notable Activity

      




      
Maintained by: Thomas Gazagnaire (@samoht, Tarides), Etienne Millon =
(@emillon, Tarides), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Ppxlib
    

    

    
The ppxlib team has released versions 0.35.0 and 0.36.0!

    


    
Ppxlib 0.35.0, released in February 2025, brings significant improvements f=
or OCaml 5.3 compatibility by allowing ppx rewriters to operate on files co=
ntaining the new effect syntax. While ppx extensions and effect syntax can =
coexist, developers should note that rewriters might encounter errors when =
processing effect syntax nodes in extension payloads or generated code. The=
 release introduces a new --use-compiler-pp driver flag, usefu=
l for preserving effect syntax when outputting source code instead of marsh=
alled AST. This update also removes support for compilers older than 4.08.

    


    
The latest ppxlib 0.36.0, released in March 2025, updates the internal AST =
to target OCaml 5.2, enabling ppx authors to leverage features from this ve=
rsion while maintaining compatibility with OCaml 4.08.0 and newer. This rel=
ease includes notable changes to the representation of functions. Thus, pac=
kage authors are strongly encouraged to consult the upgrade guide =
as many ppxes may break.

    


    
Other improvements include fixing a bug in loc_of_attribute, a=
dding support for the [@@@expand_inline] transformation and fl=
oating attribute context-free transformations, and introducing a -rai=
se-embedded-errors flag to the driver.

    


    
Notable Activity

    




    
Maintained by: Patrick Ferris (@patricoferris)

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Infrastructure
    

    

    
The OCaml infrastructure team has upgraded their OBuilder workers for FreeB=
SD from version 14.1 to 14.2, which directly impacts two key continuous int=
egration services:

    


      

    1. OCaml-CI (ocaml.ci.dev) - T=
his service automatically tests OCaml projects hosted on GitHub, and will n=
ow test against FreeBSD 14.2 instead of 14.1. Projects using this CI servic=
e will automatically be tested against the newer FreeBSD version.
      2. 

    2. opam-repo-CI (opam.ci.ocam=
l.org) - This service tests pull requests to the opam package repositor=
y, and will also now test against FreeBSD 14.2 rather than 14.1.
      3. 

    


    
With the release of ocaml-version 4.0.0, the OCaml version con=
sidered "recent" has been raised from 4.02 to 4.08. This change affects mul=
tiple services that use this definition to determine which OCaml versions t=
o test against:

    


      

    1. OCaml-CI - Will adjust which OCaml compiler versions are tested =
by default for projects
      2. 

    2. opam-repo-CI - Will modify its testing matrix for packages in th=
e opam repository
      3. 

    3. Docker base image builder - Will only build images for OCaml 4.0=
8 and newer
      4. 

    


    
As these services update, testing on older OCaml releases (versions 4.02 th=
rough 4.07) will be gradually removed. Package maintainers should consider =
upgrading projects still using pre-4.08 OCaml versions to OCaml 4.08 or hig=
her.

    


    
Apart from this, at the end of April 2025, registry.ci.dev, opam-repo-ci, O=
Caml-CI and get.dune.build were moved from Equinix Hosting to hosting at th=
e Cambridge University Computer Lab, because of the sunset of the Equinix Metal =
platform.

    


    
Notable Activity

    



    

      

    • WIP: Odoc 3 on OCaml-Docs-CI
      

      

      
The OCaml documentation pages provided through the OCaml.org package area are scheduled to receive signific=
ant updates with the release of odoc 3. To enable odoc 3 and all of its new=
 features on OCaml.org, we are overhauling the docs-ci pipeline that powers=
 documentation on ocaml.org. The improved pipeline addresses dependency com=
plexities by using a new tool (https://github.com/jonludlam/opamh) that archives and restores opam =
packages, eliminating redundant builds of packages like dune that previousl=
y occurred thousands of times. The underlying infrastructure is also being =
upgraded, with plans to migrate docs-ci to a new blade server.

      


      
Notable Activity

      



      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 13 to 20, 2025.

    



    

    Send us Talk and Workshop Proposals for Fun OCaml 2025 in Wars=
aw, September 15+16
    

    

    
Archive: https://disc=
uss.ocaml.org/t/send-us-talk-and-workshop-proposals-for-fun-ocaml-2025-in-w=
arsaw-september-15-16/16646/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone!

    


    
Fun OCaml 2025 is a 2 days open source hacking event dedicated to OCaml ent=
husiasts and professionals. We focus on the impact and potential of OCaml f=
or solving real-world problems and get together in Warsaw for a conference/=
hackathon over two days:

    


      

    • Day 1 (Monday, September 15): talks (which are live-streamed) and socia=
lizing/hacking.
      • 

    • Day 2 (Tuesday, September 16): Workshops and hacking.
      • 

    


    
Topics we=E2=80=99re interested in:

    


      

    • how you use OCaml in your business / in your projects
      • 

    • OCaml libraries, frameworks, and other Open Source projects built on OC=
aml
      • 

    • hands-on demonstrations that encourage people to try things on the seco=
nd day of the event or at home
      • 

    • seeing actual code and reasoning behind design decisions
      • 

    • experience reports
      • 

    


    
For more details, check out the website and the CFP linked from there:

    


    
https://fun-ocaml.com

    

    

    

    


    

    Volunteers to review the relocatable-OCaml work?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/volunteers-to-rev=
iew-the-relocatable-ocaml-work/16667/1

    

    

    

    gasche announced
    

    

    
Hi discuss,

    


    
David @dra27 Allsopp has been working for a few years now on making the OCa=
ml compiler relocatable.

    


    
Currently you configure the compiler to be installed at a certain path, and=
 the resulting program and configuration depend on this path; moving the in=
stalled prefix to a different place will break various things. Having a rel=
ocatable compiler is good for Windows support, for reproducible builds, for=
 caching, etc.

    


    
An early version of this work was presented by David at the OCaml compiler =
workshop 2022, and it is discuss in a past Dicuss thread.

    


    
Good news! The work is now in a good enough shape that @dra27 has started u=
pstreaming parts of it – submitting them to the compiler distributio=
n. There is an RFC th=
at describes the design, and we got a first PR that is a test harness for the feature, with =
many more to come.

    


    
Bad news: we don't know who would be available to review those PRs as they =
come. @nojb made an effort to review the test harness, but is also working =
on tons of other stuff (such as: trying to get stdlib contributions across =
the finish line). My understanding is that @Rucikir is not available to do =
this work. There is a risk that the work is held back due to the absence of=
 motivated reviewers to look at it.

    


    
Would anyone around be interested in helping review this work? If so, I'm h=
appy to post links to further PRs as they come.

    


    
In my experience, PRs by @dra27 touch a varied number of obscure topics tha=
t no one except maybe himself is an expert about – deep stuff=
 about how the compiler work that most of us are happy to ignore because it=
 usually stays out of the way. One typical example, I suspect, is #13728 : Add Sys.runti=
me_executable and caml_sys_proc_self_exe (which is =
not merged, not looking for reviewers). If you find this PR super-obscure, =
welcome to the club, I don't understand anything either. But if you also fi=
nd it interesting, you may be excellent volunteer material to review=
 more PRs on this.

    


    
Note: the contribution rules for compiler PRs is that each PR must be appro=
ved by someone with commit rights (a compiler maintainer) to get merged. By=
 itself, an approval from another contributor does not suffice. But it is c=
ertainly possible for maintainers to give approval on behalf of another rev=
iew – we do it in practice. If you review a PR (about this or anythi=
ng else) and you feel confident that it is okay to merge it, please feel fr=
ee to explicitly "approve" it through the github interface.

    

    

    

    

    David Allsopp added
    

    

    

    
has been working for a few years now on making the OCaml compiler relocatab=
le.

    

    


    
Just to make it sound a little less Herculean, I haven=E2=80=99t been worki=
ng solidly on it =F0=9F=98=8A There were a=
 few OCaml 5.0 and Windows opam 2.2-shaped diversions on the way=E2=80=A6

    


    
In addition to the already opened test harness, there=E2=80=99s a draft (wi=
th explanatory text) of the first of the main PRs at https://github.com/dra27/ocaml/pull/183 a=
nd a draft of the second (currently without explanatory text, although that=
 will be there by next week) at https://github.com/dra27/ocaml/pull/162. The third is still aw=
aiting a small amount of tidying (which will hopefully also be done by the =
end of next week =F0=9F=A5=B5)

    

    

    

    

    

    Portable Lock Directories for Dune Package Management
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/portable-lo=
ck-directories-for-dune-package-management/16669/1

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
We've recently made a change to how lock directories work in the Dune Developer Preview.

    


    
Previously when Dune would solve dependencies for a project and generate a =
lock directory, the lock directory would be specialized for the computer wh=
ere it was generated, with no guarantee it would work on a different comput=
er. This posed a problem for checking lock directories into version control=
 for projects with multiple developers, since one developer might lock the =
project on their Mac, say, only for another developer on Linux to be unable=
 to build it due to its MacOS-specific lock directory.

    


    
This post is to announce that Dune now supports generating portable =
lock directories; a lock directory generated on one computer will now conta=
in a dependency solution for a range of different computers, making it safe=
 to check lock directories into version control.

    

    

    

    Technical Details
    

    

    
In Opam the dependencies of a package can be different depending on propert=
ies of the computer where the package is being installed. A package might h=
ave a different set of dependencies when being installed on MacOS verses Li=
nux verses Windows, or the dependencies might vary depending on the CPU arc=
hitecture. It's even possible (though quite rare in practice) for the depen=
dencies of a package to vary between operating system distributions, or eve=
n operating system versions.

    


    
This expressive power makes Opam very flexible as it allows packages to be =
specialized for the environment where they will be installed. The drawback =
of this approach is that there might not be a single solution to a dependen=
cy problem that works everywhere. Each combination of OS/architecture/distr=
o/version could, in theory, require a different dependency solution. There =
are way too many combinations of those properties to run Dune's dependency =
solver once for each combination in a reasonable amount of time. Instead we=
 elected to compromise and have Dune only generate a solution for common pl=
atforms by default, while allowing users to specify a custom list of platfo=
rms to solve for in their dune-workspace file.

    


    
Lockfiles now look a little different to account for the fact that they now=
 contain multiple different platform-specific dependency solutions. For exa=
mple, formerly, the lockfile for the ocaml-compiler package on=
 an x86 machine running Windows, you might have had a depends =
field like:

    


    (depends arch-x86_64 system-mingw mingw-w64-shims flexdll)

    


    
Most of these dependencies are specific to Windows; it's unlikely that you'=
ll be able to install any of these dependencies on Linux or MacOS.

    


    
With the portable lock directories feature enabled, this field now might lo=
ok like:

    


    (depends
 (choice
  ((((arch x86_64)
     (os linux))
    ((arch arm64)
     (os linux))
    ((arch x86_64)
     (os macos)
     (os-distribution homebrew)
     (os-family homebrew))
    ((arch arm64)
     (os macos)
     (os-distribution homebrew)
     (os-family homebrew)))
   ())
  ((((arch x86_64)
     (os win32)
     (os-distribution cygwin)
     (os-family windows)))
   (arch-x86_64 system-mingw mingw-w64-shims flexdll))
  ((((arch arm64)
     (os win32)
     (os-distribution cygwin)
     (os-family windows)))
   (system-mingw mingw-w64-shims flexdll))))

    


    
This new syntax is similar to a match-statement, listing the dependencies f=
or each platform for which Dune's solver ran. You can change the platforms =
Dune will solve for by adding something like this to dune-workspace:

    


    (lock_dir
 (solve_for_platforms
  ((arch arm64)
   (os openbsd))
  ((arch x86_32)
   (os win32))))

    


    
After running dune pkg lock again, the lockfile for ocam=
l-compiler will be updated with these dependencies:

    


    (depends
 (choice
  ((((arch arm64) (os openbsd))) ())
  ((((arch x86_32)
     (os win32)))
   (system-mingw ocaml-option-bytecode-only flexdll))))

    


    
A few other fields of lockfiles now also use the new syntax. Dune lockfiles=
 contain the commands needed to build and install each package, as well as =
the names of any system packages needed by the Opam package, and each of th=
ese fields can also have platform-specific values.

    


    
Lockfile names now include the version number of the package. The oca=
ml-compiler package used to have a lockfile named ocaml-compil=
er.pkg but now has a name like ocaml-compiler.5.3.0.pkg=
 instead. This is because it's possible that different platforms may requir=
e different versions of the same package in the dependency solution, so the=
 lock directory needs to be able to contain multiple lockfiles for the same=
 package without them colliding on filename.

    

    

    

    

    How do I get it?
    

    

    
This feature is live in the latest version of the Dune Developer Preview. Follow the instructions on that =
page to install a version of Dune with this feature. With portable lock dir=
ectories enabled, Dune will temporarily remain backwards compatible with th=
e original lock directory format, though support will likely be dropped at =
some point. Generate a new lock directory by running dune pkg lock. You'll know your lock directory is portable if each file inside it ha=
s a version number in its filename.

    


    
Happy reproducible building!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 20 to 27,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

nanoev 0.1
15th MirageOS retreat May 13th - 20th
MlFront_Signify 2.3.1 - OpenBSD-compatible signify
Opam 103: Bootstrapping a New OCaml Project with opam, by OCamlPro
Retirement of Multicore CI Pipelines
Dune 3.19
Wrote a Record/Replay Debugging tutorial
A no-maths guide to monads
macOS Metal Framework bindings for compute applications
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


nanoev 0.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I'm happy to announce the first release of [nanoev], yet another event
  loop abstraction. My goal with it is to have a narrow-waist interface
  between event loops (for now, `select' and `poll') and various
  abstractions built directly on top (for now using `picos'), without
  tying the event loop abstraction itself to a particular scheduler. The
  core interface for the event loop is basically:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type t
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val wakeup_from_outside : t -> unit
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val step : t -> unit
  =E2=94=82 (** Run one step of the event loop until something happens *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val close : t -> Unix.file_descr -> unit
  =E2=94=82 (** Close the file descriptor and clean it up *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val max_fds : t -> int
  =E2=94=82 (** Maximum number of file descriptors that can be observed at =
once. *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val on_readable :
  =E2=94=82   t -> Unix.file_descr -> 'a -> 'b -> (closed:bool -> 'a -> 'b =
-> unit) -> unit
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val on_writable :
  =E2=94=82   t -> Unix.file_descr -> 'a -> 'b -> (closed:bool -> 'a -> 'b =
-> unit) -> unit
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 val run_after_s : t -> float -> 'a -> 'b -> ('a -> 'b -> unit) =
-> unit
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and nothing else. I've also started experimenting with using it to
  drive [tiny_httpd].

  =E2=80=A2 docs: 
  =E2=80=A2 release link: 


[nanoev] 

[tiny_httpd] 


15th MirageOS retreat May 13th - 20th
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, gasche said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm just back from the [Mirage retreat], an event where people
  interested in [Mirage] meet for one week to work whatever they
  want. This retreat was organized by Hannes Mehnert as all past
  retreats, in Marrakech. Hannes ( @hannes ) asked participants to write
  a blog post to spread the word =E2=80=93 hence this post.


[Mirage retreat] 

[Mirage] 

a Mirage retreat, in general
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The retreat is unlike most other professional events that I attend,
  typically academic conferences. We are hosted in a place that is
  otherwise used as a hostel within the medina, the old city centre of
  Marrakech. Bed comfort is minimal (a room of six people, two of them
  snoring), but there are people on-site who prepare food and the food
  is great. There is very little structure for the day: we had a meeting
  every morning after breakfast to mention what we had done the day
  before, and talk sessions in the evening (typically one or two talks
  for around 40 minutes).

  The participants come in all shapes, some are regular contributors to
  the Mirage ecosystem and some (like me) know very little about
  Mirage. Some (like me) are very familar with OCaml and others know
  little about the language. Some people know about networking,
  security, system administration, communication protocols. The lack of
  structure encourages people to wander around, for example sitting
  alongside someone doing something specific and precise, to try
  something you and learn along. Last time I ended up writing bits of a
  network driver in OCaml, despite knowing nothing about network
  drivers; this time I worked on model-based testing of filesystems (see
  
  ), despite knowing nothing about file system implementations.

  Morocco has better network connectivity than during my first retreats,
  but it remains somewhat flaky =E2=80=93 and our network-usage habits keep
  increasing. In particular, I could not attend any online meeting, and
  this was /very/ nice =E2=80=93 just like conferences, it is liberating to=
 be
  busy for one week uninterrupted. In the past I managed to adapt to
  low-network usage fairly well. This time I noticed that I depend on
  github a lot, and I don't know how to have a good offline or
  network-restricted experience, to do code-reviews in particular. I
  wish offline version-controlled tools for code-review and bugtracking
  were more widely employed.

  Overall I find this organization excellent: participants get a place
  and time to learn from each other. I think it could potentially be
  used for other topics. For example people mentioned that it could be
  interesting to have a retreat focused on documentation in the OCaml
  ecosystem, and I find the idea interesting.

  (The rest of this post is basically a narrated version of my work log
  for the week; please feel free to just skip it.)


My OCaml-focused work
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  One of my projects for the week was to take the time to review large
  pull-requests on the OCaml compiler that I wouldn't dare attacking
  usually, because my agenda is perpetually full of other things. I did
  a first round of review on [structured diagnostics], and additional
  reads through most of the [modular explicits] pull request (PR). In
  particular I wrote a small manual section for modular explicits,
  submitted as a [separate PR]. I hope to have moved from "it would be
  nice if these were reviewed /someday/" to a more short-term phase
  where I try to get these past the finish line before moving to other
  topics =E2=80=93 but we never know.

  I also went through the lists of PRs I had been assigned to, sometimes
  a while ago. (OCaml triagers assign PRs to each other to keep track of
  them and try to bring them to a decision, but in practice we often
  forget to do this and they linger around.) This was fairly effective
  and my stack of assigned PRs has been about cut in half:

  =E2=80=A2 reviewed and merged:
    =E2=81=83 `install_printer' cleanup (@pirbo) [#13969]
    =E2=81=83 ocamltest C refactors (@MisterDA) [#13962]
    =E2=81=83 format break hint fix (@Octachron) [#13853]
    =E2=81=83 local structure items (@nojb) [#14009]
    =E2=81=83 document `row_more' and `row_fixed' (@goldfirere) [#14023]
  =E2=80=A2 closed:
    =E2=81=83 immediacy computation revamp (@ccasin) [#11841]
  =E2=80=A2 adopted and merged:
    =E2=81=83 generational stack scanning (@xavierleroy) [#13594]
    =E2=81=83 statmemprofs and bigarrays (@stedolan) [#13675]
    =E2=81=83 recursive module error messages (@shivam-909) [#13608]
  =E2=80=A2 adopted but not yet merged
    =E2=81=83 distinguish two kinds of mutexes (@gasche) [#13716] (needs a
      review)
    =E2=81=83 source locations in implementations and interfaces (@malekbr)
      [#12654] (needs a review)

  A few of those PRs I "adopted", that is, I took control of the PR as
  the submitter would to rebase the PR and resubmit. In some cases this
  was mostly to apply my own review comments (sometimes someone else's),
  the change were minor and I could merge quickly. In some cases the
  changes were more invasive, and I would ask for another review. In one
  case I got stuck and wasn't sure how to rebase, so I asked the
  original author.

  "Adopting" PRs in this way is a new process to me, I generally try to
  guide the authors through making all the changes themselves. I wanted
  to go through my stack faster, and in some cases I knew that the
  authors were unresponsive and unavailable to make those changes. I
  found it fun, but it is probably best reserved to this situation where
  authors are unavailable.


[structured diagnostics] 

[modular explicits] 

[separate PR] 

[#13969] 

[#13962] 

[#13853] 

[#14009] 

[#14023] 

[#11841] 

[#13594] 

[#13675] 

[#13608] 

[#13716] 

[#12654] 


Side errands
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I worked on a race between domain-termination and compaction:
  [#14025]. I decided to try to make Dune more pleasant for building the
  OCaml compiler, and sent a draft/RFC PR at [dune#11819]. I heard a
  remark that it's painful not to be able to use lazy thunks anymore for
  library initialization code (lazy thunks are not concurrency-safe in
  OCaml 5); I tried to think about why this is hard to fall asleep again
  after a snoring attack, and ended up writing [#14043] instead. I
  motivated myself into [asking for volunteers] to review the
  Relocatable Compiler work.

  I also participated as a speaker to two talk sessions in the
  evening. I did a short demo of [Monolith] and model-based testing in
  general =E2=80=93 that was before we decided to use it on a Mirage
  filesystem. I talked about the OCaml Software Foundation and recent
  discussions around improving the security of the OCaml ecosystem.


[#14025] 

[dune#11819] 

[#14043] 

[asking for volunteers]


[Monolith] 


MlFront_Signify 2.3.1 - OpenBSD-compatible signify
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the new package `MlFront_Signify' is
  available in opam.

  `signify' was created by OpenBSD for maintainers to sign distributions
  and for users to verify those distributions. That is described in
  [signify: Securing OpenBSD From Us To You] and the [signify manpage].

  `MlFront_Signify' is compatible with `signify'. The C code comes from
  firmware update code for the embedded Linux router distribution
  OpenWrt (much easier to build using OCaml tools compared to OpenBSD
  code). The _executable_ `mlfront-signify' has most of the same CLI
  options as OpenBSD `signify' and includes the same trivial tests as
  `signify', but on Unix you should just use your package manager's
  `signify'. The main contribution of `MlFront_Signify' is the OCaml
  _library_ that is documented at:
  =E2=80=A2 

  I used it with
  
  to perform auto-upgrades. A few MlFront packages participate:
  =E2=80=A2 `MlFront_Signify' to verify a potential upgrade
  =E2=80=A2 `MlFront_ZipFile' to unpack a verified upgrade
  =E2=80=A2 `MlFront_Cache' to provide an immutable store where multiple
    versions can co-exist

  In particular, the `SHA256.sig' file in the file listing
   was
  created using `MlFront_Signify' with the `SHA256' checksum file as
  input. That serves the same purpose as
  .

  /MlFront_ZipFile has an important bugfix so please upgrade it to 2.3.1
  as well./

  Thanks to the Mirage project where I use its `mirage-crypto-rng'
  secure random generator!

  Enjoy.


[signify: Securing OpenBSD From Us To You]


[signify manpage] 


Opam 103: Bootstrapping a New OCaml Project with opam, by OCamlPro
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  *Greetings Cameleers,*

  We=E2=80=99re back with a new installment in our `opam deep-dives' series!

  [*Opam 103: Bootstrapping a New OCaml Project with opam*]

  This time, we=E2=80=99re taking a step back to focus on a beginner-friend=
ly
  guide to setting up a toy OCaml project with `opam', `dune',
  `cmdliner', and `alcotest'.

  This article is aimed at newer members of the ecosystem who may be
  wondering:

  =E2=80=A2 How do I structure an OCaml project from scratch?
  =E2=80=A2 How to best use opam in my dev workflow?
  =E2=80=A2 How do I write a minimal `.opam' file?
  =E2=80=A2 What about a fully fledged one?

  We walk through the `opam' rationale and offer guidance for building
  your first opam-compliant package =E2=80=94 the kind you can confidently =
pin
  and use locally before getting to publishing it.

  As always, we hope this piece serves as a helpful reference for those
  onboarding into the `opam' and the OCaml ecosystem and getting their
  first taste of the tooling.

  :link: Check out the other `opam deep-dives' articles on
  

  Feel free to share feedback or thoughts right here in this thread!

  Thank you all for your time, and until next time, *The OCamlPro Team*


[*Opam 103: Bootstrapping a New OCaml Project with opam*]



Retirement of Multicore CI Pipelines
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mark Elvers announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We believe that the two OCurrent pipelines setup for testing OCaml
  multicore have now served their purpose and will be retired.

  =E2=80=A2 [https://ocaml-multicoretests.ci.dev:8100]
  =E2=80=A2 [https://ocaml-multicore.ci.dev:8100]

  Please let me know if you still feel these have value.


[https://ocaml-multicoretests.ci.dev:8100]


[https://ocaml-multicore.ci.dev:8100]



Dune 3.19
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Dune team is happy to announce the release of dune `3.19.0'
  :smile:

  This release contains some important bug fixes along with some
  improvements for the `foreign_library' stanza. It introduces support
  for concurrent builds through the RPC server.

  If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the
  [ocaml/dune] repository.


[ocaml/dune] 

Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed a bug that was causing cram tests attached to multiple al=
iases
    to be run multiple times. (#11547, @Alizter)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix: pass pkg-config (extra) args in all pkgconfig invocations.=
 A
    missing =E2=80=93personality flag would result in pkgconf not finding
    libraries in some contexts. (#11619, @MisterDA)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix: Evaluate `enabled_if' when computing the stubs for stanzas=
 such
    as `foreign_library' (#11707, @Alizter, @rgrinberg)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix $ dune describe pp for libraries in the presence of
       `(include_subdirs unqualified)' (#11729, fixes #10999,
       @rgrinberg)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix `$ dune subst' in sub directories of a git repository (#117=
60,
    fixes #11045, @Richard-Degenne)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix a crash involving `Path.drop_prefix' when using Melange on
    Windows (#11767, @nojb)


=E2=97=8A Added

  =E2=80=A2 Added detection and warning for common typos in package depende=
ncy
    constraints (#11600, fixes #11575, @kemsguy7)
  =E2=80=A2 Added `(extra_objects)' field to `(foreign_library)' stanza with
    `(:include)' support.  (#11683, @Alizter)


=E2=97=8A Changed

  =E2=80=A2 Allow build RPC messages to be handled by dune's RPC server in =
eager
    watch mode (#11622, @gridbugs)
  =E2=80=A2 Allow concurrent build with RPC server (#11712, @gridbugs)


Wrote a Record/Replay Debugging tutorial
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sid Kshatriya announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I've written a *tutorial* on Record/Replay debugging. If you're
  interested in reverse debugging please check it out [here].

  You can do Record/Replay style debugging of your `ocamlc.opt' compiled
  executables. You will be able to place breakpoints on all symbols
  exposed by the `ocaml.opt' compiler =E2=80=93 this includes C functions +
  OCaml functions from your OCaml program and do things like
  reverse-continue.

  For more context please see an announcement I made a couple of months
  ago:
  

  (What's new in this new discuss.ocaml.org post is to give focus to the
  tutorial I've very recently written)

  *How can `rr' / _Software Counters_ mode `rr' help me in OCaml if I'm
   not interested in gdb style debugging the OCaml executables ?*

  There are some other useful things that `rr' can do for OCaml-ers.

  *Here is one:* Let's say you want to know what programs have been
   executed when you compile a ocaml program via dune.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ dune init project hello_world
  =E2=94=82 $ cd hello_world/
  =E2=94=82 $ rr record -W -- dune b
  =E2=94=82 rr: Saving execution to trace directory `/home/sidk/.local/shar=
e/rr/dune-5'.
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Now run `rr ps'. You will get the exact invocations of all the
  programs that `dune build' triggered ! This takes you all the way down
  to showing you `ld' and `ar' invocations !

  Very useful when you want to know what happened in the whole process
  tree.

  /editor=E2=80=99s note: please follow the post link to see this big termi=
nal
  output./


[here]



A no-maths guide to monads
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Prompted by someone complaining online about Haskell documentation, I
  wrote a zero-maths guide to monads (in OCaml, but it applies somewhat
  more broadly, it's just OCaml has nice binding opearators):

  


macOS Metal Framework bindings for compute applications
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Lukasz Stafiniak announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hi!

  I'm happy to announce the `metal' package with bindings to the Metal
  framework, with a relatively broad coverage except it _does not_ cover
  anything graphics or UI related.

  =E2=80=A2 Hosted on GitHub: [lukstafi/ocaml-metal: OCaml bindings to Apple
    Metal for general compute applications]
  =E2=80=A2 API documentation: [Metal (metal.Metal)]
  =E2=80=A2 Released to the repository: [metal 0.1.0 (latest) =C2=B7 OCaml =
Package]
  =E2=80=A2 Example usage: [ocannl/arrayjit/lib/metal_backend.ml at master =
=C2=B7
    ahrefs/ocannl]

  Enjoy!

  P.S. Disclaimer: code contains AI slop (and likely also my own
  errors). It's my first major employment of / "collaboration" with
  Large Language Models and I leaned into accepting choices made by the
  models.


[lukstafi/ocaml-metal: OCaml bindings to Apple Metal for general compute
applications] 

[Metal (metal.Metal)]


[metal 0.1.0 (latest) =C2=B7 OCaml Package]


[ocannl/arrayjit/lib/metal_backend.ml at master =C2=B7 ahrefs/ocannl]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [The origin of the pipeline operator (`|>`)]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[The origin of the pipeline operator (`|>`)]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 20 to 27, 2025.

    



    

    nanoev 0.1
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-nanoev-0-1/16682/1

    

    

    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I'm happy to announce the first release of nanoev, yet another event loop abstraction. My goal with i=
t is to have a narrow-waist interface between event loops (for now, s=
elect and poll) and various abstractions built directly=
 on top (for now using picos), without tying the event loop ab=
straction itself to a particular scheduler. The core interface for the even=
t loop is basically:

    


    

    type t

val wakeup_from_outside : t -> unit

val step : t -> unit
(** Run one step of the=
 event loop until something happens *)

val close : t -> Unix.file_descr -> unit
(** Close the file desc=
riptor and clean it up *)

val max_fds : t -> int
(** Maximum number of f=
ile descriptors that can be observed at once. *)

val on_readable :
  t -> Unix.file_descr -> 'a -=
> 'b -> (closed:bool -> 'a -> '=
b -> unit) -> unit

val on_writable :
  t -> Unix.file_descr -> 'a -=
> 'b -> (closed:bool -> 'a -> '=
b -> unit) -> unit

val run_after_s : t -> float -> 'a -> 'b -=
> ('a -> 'b -> unit) -> unit

    

    


    
and nothing else. I've also started experimenting with using it to drive tiny_httpd.

    



    

    

    

    

    15th MirageOS retreat May 13th - 20th
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-15th-mirageos-retreat=
-may-13th-20th/16085/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, gasche said
    

    

    
I'm just back from the Mirage retrea=
t, an event where people interested in M=
irage meet for one week to work whatever they want. This retreat was or=
ganized by Hannes Mehnert as all past retreats, in Marrakech. Hannes ( @han=
nes ) asked participants to write a blog post to spread the word – h=
ence this post.

    

    

    

    a Mirage retreat, in general
    

    

    
The retreat is unlike most other professional events that I attend, typical=
ly academic conferences. We are hosted in a place that is otherwise used as=
 a hostel within the medina, the old city centre of Marrakech. Bed comfort =
is minimal (a room of six people, two of them snoring), but there are peopl=
e on-site who prepare food and the food is great. There is very little stru=
cture for the day: we had a meeting every morning after breakfast to mentio=
n what we had done the day before, and talk sessions in the evening (typica=
lly one or two talks for around 40 minutes).

    


    
The participants come in all shapes, some are regular contributors to the M=
irage ecosystem and some (like me) know very little about Mirage. Some (lik=
e me) are very familar with OCaml and others know little about the language=
. Some people know about networking, security, system administration, commu=
nication protocols. The lack of structure encourages people to wander aroun=
d, for example sitting alongside someone doing something specific and preci=
se, to try something you and learn along. Last time I ended up writing bits=
 of a network driver in OCaml, despite knowing nothing about network driver=
s; this time I worked on model-based testing of filesystems (see https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-post-us=
ing-model-based-testing-on-a-mirage-filesystem-implementation/16666 ), =
despite knowing nothing about file system implementations.

    


    
Morocco has better network connectivity than during my first retreats, but =
it remains somewhat flaky – and our network-usage habits keep increa=
sing. In particular, I could not attend any online meeting, and this was very nice – just like conferences, it is liberating to be busy =
for one week uninterrupted. In the past I managed to adapt to low-network u=
sage fairly well. This time I noticed that I depend on github a lot, and I =
don't know how to have a good offline or network-restricted experience, to =
do code-reviews in particular. I wish offline version-controlled tools for =
code-review and bugtracking were more widely employed.

    


    
Overall I find this organization excellent: participants get a place and ti=
me to learn from each other. I think it could potentially be used for other=
 topics. For example people mentioned that it could be interesting to have =
a retreat focused on documentation in the OCaml ecosystem, and I find the i=
dea interesting.

    


    
(The rest of this post is basically a narrated version of my work log for t=
he week; please feel free to just skip it.)

    

    

    

    

    My OCaml-focused work
    

    

    
One of my projects for the week was to take the time to review large pull-r=
equests on the OCaml compiler that I wouldn't dare attacking usually, becau=
se my agenda is perpetually full of other things. I did a first round of re=
view on structured di=
agnostics, and additional reads through most of the modular explicits pull request (PR).=
 In particular I wrote a small manual section for modular explicits, submit=
ted as a separate PR<=
/a>. I hope to have moved from "it would be nice if these were reviewed =
someday" to a more short-term phase where I try to get these past the f=
inish line before moving to other topics – but we never know.

    


    
I also went through the lists of PRs I had been assigned to, sometimes a wh=
ile ago. (OCaml triagers assign PRs to each other to keep track of them and=
 try to bring them to a decision, but in practice we often forget to do thi=
s and they linger around.) This was fairly effective and my stack of assign=
ed PRs has been about cut in half:

    


      

    • reviewed and merged:

      • 

    • closed:

        

      • immediacy computation revamp (@ccasin) #11841
        • 

      • 

    • adopted and merged:

        

      • generational stack scanning (@xavierleroy) #13594
        • 

      • statmemprofs and bigarrays (@stedolan) #13675
        • 

      • recursive module error messages (@shivam-909) #13608
        • 

      • 

    • adopted but not yet merged

        

      • distinguish two kinds of mutexes (@gasche) #13716 (needs a review)
        • 

      • source locations in implementations and interfaces (@malekbr) #12654 (needs a review)<=
/li>

      • 

    


    
A few of those PRs I "adopted", that is, I took control of the PR as the su=
bmitter would to rebase the PR and resubmit. In some cases this was mostly =
to apply my own review comments (sometimes someone else's), the change were=
 minor and I could merge quickly. In some cases the changes were more invas=
ive, and I would ask for another review. In one case I got stuck and wasn't=
 sure how to rebase, so I asked the original author.

    


    
"Adopting" PRs in this way is a new process to me, I generally try to guide=
 the authors through making all the changes themselves. I wanted to go thro=
ugh my stack faster, and in some cases I knew that the authors were unrespo=
nsive and unavailable to make those changes. I found it fun, but it is prob=
ably best reserved to this situation where authors are unavailable.

    

    

    

    

    Side errands
    

    

    
I worked on a race between domain-termination and compaction: #14025. I decided to try to ma=
ke Dune more pleasant for building the OCaml compiler, and sent a draft/RFC=
 PR at dune#11819.=
 I heard a remark that it's painful not to be able to use lazy thunks anymo=
re for library initialization code (lazy thunks are not concurrency-safe in=
 OCaml 5); I tried to think about why this is hard to fall asleep again aft=
er a snoring attack, and ended up writing #14043 instead. I motivated myself into asking for volunteers to review the Relocatable Compiler work.

    


    
I also participated as a speaker to two talk sessions in the evening. I did=
 a short demo of Mono=
lith and model-based testing in general – that was before we dec=
ided to use it on a Mirage filesystem. I talked about the OCaml Software Fo=
undation and recent discussions around improving the security of the OCaml =
ecosystem.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    MlFront_Signify 2.3.1 - OpenBSD-compatible signify
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfront-=
signify-2-3-1-openbsd-compatible-signify/16683/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the new package MlFront_Signify is av=
ailable in opam.

    


    
signify was created by OpenBSD for maintainers to sign distrib=
utions and for users to verify those distributions. That is described in signify: Secur=
ing OpenBSD From Us To You and the signify manpage.

    


    
MlFront_Signify is compatible with signify. The C=
 code comes from firmware update code for the embedded Linux router distrib=
ution OpenWrt (much easier to build using OCaml tools compared to OpenBSD c=
ode). The executable mlfront-signify=
 has most of the same CLI options as OpenBSD signify an=
d includes the same trivial tests as signify, but on Unix you =
should just use your package manager's signify. The main contr=
ibution of MlFront_Signify is the OCaml library that is documented at:

    



    
I used it with https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/ann-combining-llvm-mc-lld-precompiled-c-and-bytecode/16675?u=3Djbeckf=
ord to perform auto-upgrades. A few MlFront packages participate:

    

      

    • MlFront_Signify to verify a potential upgrade
      • 

    • MlFront_ZipFile to unpack a verified upgrade
      • 

    • MlFront_Cache to provide an immutable store where multiple=
 versions can co-exist
      • 

    


    
In particular, the SHA256.sig file in the file listing https:=
//github.com/diskuv/dkcoder/releases/tag/2.3.202505202143 was created u=
sing MlFront_Signify with the SHA256 checksum fil=
e as input. That serves the same purpose as https://cdn.openbsd.org/pub/Ope=
nBSD/snapshots/arm64/SHA256.sig.

    


    
MlFront_ZipFile has an important bugfix so please upgrade it to 2.3.1 as=
 well.

    


    
Thanks to the Mirage project where I use its mirage-crypto-rng=
 secure random generator!

    


    
Enjoy.

    

    

    

    

    

    Opam 103: Bootstrapping a New OCaml Project with opam, by OCam=
lPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.o=
rg/t/blog-opam-103-bootstrapping-a-new-ocaml-project-with-opam-by-ocamlpro/=
16686/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers,

    


    
We=E2=80=99re back with a new installment in our opam deep-dives series!

    


    
Opam 103: Bootstrapping a New OCaml Project with opam

    


    
This time, we=E2=80=99re taking a step back to focus on a beginner-friendly=
 guide to setting up a toy OCaml project with opam, dune=
, cmdliner, and alcotest.

    


    
This article is aimed at newer members of the ecosystem who may be wonderin=
g:

    


      

    • How do I structure an OCaml project from scratch?
      • 

    • How to best use opam in my dev workflow?
      • 

    • How do I write a minimal .opam file?
      • 

    • What about a fully fledged one?
      • 

    


    
We walk through the opam rationale and offer guidance for buil=
ding your first opam-compliant package =E2=80=94 the kind you can confident=
ly pin and use locally before getting to publishing it.

    


    
As always, we hope this piece serves as a helpful reference for those onboa=
rding into the opam and the OCaml ecosystem and getting their =
first taste of the tooling.

    


    
:link: Check out the other opam deep-dives articles on https://ocamlpro.com/blog/

    


    
Feel free to share feedback or thoughts right here in this thread!

    


    
Thank you all for your time, and until next time,
The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    

    

    Retirement of Multicore CI Pipelines
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/retirement-of-multicore-ci-p=
ipelines/16691/1

    

    

    

    Mark Elvers announced
    

    

    
We believe that the two OCurrent pipelines setup for testing OCaml multicor=
e have now served their purpose and will be retired.

    




    
Please let me know if you still feel these have value.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.19
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-19/16693/1

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is happy to announce the release of dune 3.19.0 =
:smile:

    


    
This release contains some important bug fixes along with some improvements=
 for the foreign_library stanza. It introduces support for con=
current builds through the RPC server.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Fixed a bug that was causing cram tests attached to multiple aliases to=
 be run multiple
times. (#11547, @Alizter)
        • 

      • Fix: pass pkg-config (extra) args in all pkgconfig invocations. A missi=
ng –personality
flag would result in pkgconf not finding libraries in some contexts. (#1161=
9, @MisterDA)
        • 

      • Fix: Evaluate enabled_if when computing the stubs for stan=
zas such as
foreign_library (#11707, @Alizter, @rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Fix $ dune describe pp for libraries in the presence of (include_=
subdirs
   unqualified) (#11729, fixes #10999, @rgrinberg)
        • 

      • Fix $ dune subst in sub directories of a git repository (#=
11760, fixes
#11045, @Richard-Degenne)
        • 

      • Fix a crash involving Path.drop_prefix when using Melange =
on Windows
(#11767, @nojb)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Added
      

      

        

      • Added detection and warning for common typos in package dependency
constraints (#11600, fixes #11575, @kemsguy7)
        • 

      • Added (extra_objects) field to (foreign_library) stanza with (:include) support.
(#11683, @Alizter)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Changed
      

      

        

      • Allow build RPC messages to be handled by dune's RPC server in eager wa=
tch
mode (#11622, @gridbugs)
        • 

      • Allow concurrent build with RPC server (#11712, @gridbugs)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Wrote a Record/Replay Debugging tutorial
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tutorial-wrote-=
a-record-replay-debugging-tutorial/16709/1

    

    

    

    Sid Kshatriya announced
    

    

    
I've written a tutorial on Record/Replay debugging. If you're intere=
sted in reverse debugging please check it out here.

    


    
You can do Record/Replay style debugging of your ocamlc.opt co=
mpiled executables. You will be able to place breakpoints on all symbols ex=
posed by the ocaml.opt compiler – this includes C funct=
ions + OCaml functions from your OCaml program and do things like reverse-c=
ontinue.

    


    
For more context please see an announcement I made a couple of months ago:
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-a-tool-to-reverse-=
debug-ocaml-other-binary-runs/16366/1

    


    
(What's new in this new discuss.ocaml.org post is to give focus to the tuto=
rial I've very recently written)

    


    
How can rr / Software Counters mode rr help me in OCaml if I'm not interested in gdb sty=
le debugging the OCaml executables ?

    


    
There are some other useful things that rr can do for OCaml-er=
s.

    


    
Here is one: Let's say you want to know what programs have been exec=
uted when you compile a ocaml program via dune.

    


    $ dune init project hello_world
$ cd hello_world/
$ rr record -W -- dune b
rr: Saving execution to trace directory `/home/sidk/.local/share/rr/dune-5'.

    


    
Now run rr ps. You will get the exact invocations of all the p=
rograms that dune build triggered ! This takes you all the way=
 down to showing you ld and ar invocations !

    


    
Very useful when you want to know what happened in the whole process tree.

    


    
editor=E2=80=99s note: please follow the post link to see this big termi=
nal output.

    

    

    

    

    

    A no-maths guide to monads
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-a-no-maths-guide-to-monads/1=
6712/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
Prompted by someone complaining online about Haskell documentation, I wrote=
 a zero-maths guide to monads (in OCaml, but it applies somewhat more broad=
ly, it's just OCaml has nice binding opearators):

    


    
https://raphael-proust.gitlab.io/code/no-maths-guide-to-monads.html

    

    

    

    

    

    macOS Metal Framework bindings for compute applications
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-m=
acos-metal-framework-bindings-for-compute-applications/16713/1

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
Hi!

    


    
I'm happy to announce the metal package with bindings to the M=
etal framework, with a relatively broad coverage except it does not cover anything graphics or UI related.

    




    
Enjoy!

    


    
P.S. Disclaimer: code contains AI slop (and likely also my own errors). It'=
s my first major employment of / "collaboration" with Large Language Models=
 and I leaned into accepting choices made by the models.

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 27 to June 03,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

First alpha release of OCaml 5.4.0
Combining LLVM MC, lld, precompiled C and bytecode
Uniqueness for Behavioural Types =C2=B7 KC Sivaramakrishnan
A ppx for denoting unreachable branches
Sound on OCaml on Windows
Opam repository archival, phase 3
Peer-Programming in Modern OCaml with ChatGPT and Gemini
Old CWN


First alpha release of OCaml 5.4.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Four months after the release of OCaml 5.3.0, the set of new features
  for the future version 5.4.0 of OCaml has been frozen. We are thus
  happy to announce the first alpha release for OCaml 5.4.0.

  This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our
  bug hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the
  installation instructions) [^1].

  The progresses on stabilising the ecosystem are tracked on the [opam
  readiness for 5.4.0 meta-issue].

  The full release is expected around the end of July [^2].

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  If you are interested in the ongoing list of new features and bug
  fixes, you can have a look at [the changelog for OCaml 5.4.0].

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team


[opam readiness for 5.4.0 meta-issue]


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[the changelog for OCaml 5.4.0]


Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.4.0~alpha1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 GitHub: 
  =E2=80=A2 OCaml archives at Inria:
    


Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.4.0~alpha1+op=
tions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.4.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.4=
.0~alpha1+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.

  [^1]: The release process is described at
  
  .

  [^2]: See also the [prospective release calendar].


[prospective release calendar]



Combining LLVM MC, lld, precompiled C and bytecode
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  The latest update `2.3.202505282324' (see top post for links) has
  several fixes:
  1. Using `./dk -O ReleaseSmall Exe' now has a working Windows
     target. The generated Windows executables do not require Visual
     Studio at runtime.
  2. A use-after-free bug has been fixed which mainly affected
     cross-compilation for the Linux target.
  3. Using a new `./dk gc clear' command will remove all the cache
     space.
  4. A bug has been fixed with the auto-updates where it downloaded up
     to 5 updates and then reverted to the original.


Uniqueness for Behavioural Types =C2=B7 KC Sivaramakrishnan
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Shon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  


A ppx for denoting unreachable branches
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Charles Averill announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I wanted a semantic construct to specifically denote unreachable
  control-flow branches, so here it is. Prints out an error with file
  and line number upon being erroneously reached.

  


Sound on OCaml on Windows
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Steve Sherratt announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  


Opam repository archival, phase 3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear everyone,

  the phase 3 of the opam repository archival (taking the
  x-maintenance-intent into account) is now ready. We ran on 30th of May
  the maintenance-intent filter, which resulted in 6463 candidates of
  which we'd like to archive 5714. The full list is below, the PRs are
  at  and
  .

  The proposed merge date is on June 9th, so a week from now.

  In case you encounter (a) a breakage or (b) a package and version that
  you'd like to retain, please report this (best as a comment to
  )

  The list of to-be-archived packages: /editor=E2=80=99s note: please see t=
he
  post link for the long list of packages/


Peer-Programming in Modern OCaml with ChatGPT and Gemini
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thomas Letan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It=E2=80=99s 2025, and it=E2=80=99s becoming harder to ignore that LLMs a=
re here to
  stay, and are changing the way we are programming at large. Or at
  least, it feels like it.

  For a while, I=E2=80=99ve been kind of a /gaulois r=C3=A9fractaire/ mysel=
f, when it
  comes to adopting this technology. Over the month of May, I decided to
  change that, and at least /try/ to integrate them in my daily
  toolkit. Since I write OCaml professionally, I picked an arbitrary
  project in a domain I wasn=E2=80=99t familiar for, to see the impact of L=
LMs
  on a more niche language (no offense ahah).

  After the fact, [I wrote a devlog of the exercise].

  In particular, I got myself familiar with EIO in the process, and I
  wanted to discuss the following part of my article with the OCaml
  community

        My personal conclusion is that LLMs are not ready for any
        real programming task involving Eio, and I am really
        curious to understand why. Do they keep hallucinating
        functions because Eio is a really generic name, and maybe
        they are mixing context from the Python library with the
        OCaml one? Or is it because the API of Eio has changed a
        lot over the years?

        I am also wondering how, as a the author of a library, I
        can fix a similar situation. Assuming ChatGPT starts
        assuming false statements about `cohttp-connpool-eio', how
        do I address this? I suspect being =E2=80=9CLLMs-friendly=E2=80=9D =
will be
        increasingly important for a software library=E2=80=99s success.

  For a while, people learnt to become search engine friendly. They
  turned themselves into export of Google algorithm, etc. Will we do the
  same thing with LLMs? Are there guidelines? How can we =E2=80=9Cfix=E2=80=
=9D at our
  level a situation where a LLM got a software library we wrote
  completely wrong?

  I=E2=80=99d be curious to hear your thoughts.


[I wrote a devlog of the exercise]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of May 27 to June 03, 20=
25.

    



    

    First alpha release of OCaml 5.4.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-alpha-release-of-ocaml-5=
-4-0/16722/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Four months after the release of OCaml 5.3.0, the set of new features for t=
he
future version 5.4.0 of OCaml has been frozen. We are thus happy to announc=
e the
first alpha release for OCaml 5.4.0.

    


    
This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our bug
hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the installation
instructions) [^1].

    


    
The progresses on stabilising the ecosystem are tracked on the opam readiness for 5.=
4.0 meta-issue.

    


    
The full release is expected around the end of July [^2].=20

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested in the ongoing list of new features and bug fixes, yo=
u can have a look at
the changelog f=
or OCaml 5.4.0.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.4.0~alpha1

    


    
The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

    



    

    

    

    Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
    

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    


    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.4.0~alpha1+options =
<option_list>

    


    
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

    


    opam switch create 5.4.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.4.0~alpha1+op=
tions ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    


    
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

    


    
[^1]: The release process is described at  https://github.com/ocaml=
/ocaml/blob/trunk/release-info/introduction.md .

    


    
[^2]: See also the prospective release calendar.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Combining LLVM MC, lld, precompiled C and bytecode
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-combinin=
g-llvm-mc-lld-precompiled-c-and-bytecode/16675/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, jbeckford announced
    

    

    
The latest update 2.3.202505282324 (see top post for links) ha=
s several fixes:

    

      

    1. Using ./dk -O ReleaseSmall Exe now has a working Windows t=
arget. The generated Windows executables do not require Visual Studio at ru=
ntime.
      2. 

    2. A use-after-free bug has been fixed which mainly affected cross-compila=
tion for the Linux target.
      3. 

    3. Using a new ./dk gc clear command will remove all the cach=
e space.
      4. 

    4. A bug has been fixed with the auto-updates where it downloaded up to 5 =
updates and then reverted to the original.
      5. 

    

    

    

    


    

    A ppx for denoting unreachable branches
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-a-ppx-for-denotin=
g-unreachable-branches/16742/1

    

    

    

    Charles Averill announced
    

    

    
I wanted a semantic construct to specifically denote unreachable control-fl=
ow branches, so here it is. Prints out an error with file and line number u=
pon being erroneously reached.=20

    


    
https://opam.ocaml.org/packages/ppx_unreachable/ppx_unreachable.1.0/<=
/a>

    

    

    

    


    

    Opam repository archival, phase 3
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repository-archival-phase-3=
/16748/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
the phase 3 of the opam repository archival (taking the x-maintenance-inten=
t into account) is now ready. We ran on 30th of May the maintenance-intent =
filter, which resulted in 6463 candidates of which we'd like to archive 571=
4. The full list is below, the PRs are at https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repositor=
y-archive/pull/18 and https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/pull/27977.

    


    
The proposed merge date is on June 9th, so a week from now.

    


    
In case you encounter (a) a breakage or (b) a package and version that you'=
d like to retain, please report this (best as a comment to https://github.com/oca=
ml/opam-repository-archive/pull/18)

    


    
The list of to-be-archived packages:
editor=E2=80=99s note: please see the post link for the long list of pac=
kages

    

    

    

    

    

    Peer-Programming in Modern OCaml with ChatGPT and Gemini
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/peer-pro=
gramming-in-modern-ocaml-with-chatgpt-and-gemini/16750/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Letan announced
    

    

    
It=E2=80=99s 2025, and it=E2=80=99s becoming harder to ignore that LLMs are=
 here to stay, and are changing the way we are programming at large. Or at =
least, it feels like it.

    


    
For a while, I=E2=80=99ve been kind of a gaulois r=C3=A9fractaire my=
self, when it comes to adopting this technology. Over the month of May, I d=
ecided to change that, and at least try to integrate them in my dail=
y toolkit. Since I write OCaml professionally, I picked an arbitrary projec=
t in a domain I wasn=E2=80=99t familiar for, to see the impact of LLMs on a=
 more niche language (no offense ahah).

    


    
After the fact, I wrote a devlog of the exercise.

    


    
In particular, I got myself familiar with EIO in the process, and I wanted =
to discuss the following part of my article with the OCaml community

    


    

    
My personal conclusion is that LLMs are not ready for any real programming =
task involving Eio, and I am really curious to understand why. Do they keep=
 hallucinating functions because Eio is a really generic name, and maybe th=
ey are mixing context from the Python library with the OCaml one? Or is it =
because the API of Eio has changed a lot over the years?

    


    
I am also wondering how, as a the author of a library, I can fix a similar =
situation. Assuming ChatGPT starts assuming false statements about co=
http-connpool-eio, how do I address this? I suspect being =E2=80=9CL=
LMs-friendly=E2=80=9D will be increasingly important for a software library=
=E2=80=99s success.

    

    


    
For a while, people learnt to become search engine friendly. They turned th=
emselves into export of Google algorithm, etc. Will we do the same thing wi=
th LLMs? Are there guidelines? How can we =E2=80=9Cfix=E2=80=9D at our leve=
l a situation where a LLM got a software library we wrote completely wrong?

    


    
I=E2=80=99d be curious to hear your thoughts.

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 03 to 10, 2025.

    



    

    Portable External Dependencies for Dune Package Management
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/portab=
le-external-dependencies-for-dune-package-management/16767/1

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Dune lock directories record the names of any system packages needed to bui=
ld projects or their dependencies. We've recently changed how this works in=
 the
interest of portability.

    

    

    

    Background on depexts in Opam
    

    

    
A system package, or external dependency, or depext as I'll re=
fer to them from now on, is a non-Opam package which must be installed in o=
rder for some Opam package to be built or for code in a package to be execu=
ted at runtime. These packages must be installed by the system package mana=
ger, or by some other non-Opam means such as manually building and installi=
ng the package from source. Common types of depext are build t=
ools such as the pkg-config command, often run to determine li=
nker flags while building a package, or shared libraries such as libg=
tk, which an OCaml project might link against to create GUIs.

    


    
Opam usually installs depexts automatically. Opam knows how to=
 invoke many different system package managers (such as apt or=
 pacman), so when installing a package with depexts Opam can run the commands appropriate to the current system to install t=
he required packages using the system's package manager. For this to work, =
Opam needs to know the name of the package within the package repository ap=
propriate to the current system, and these names can vary from system to sy=
stem. For example the pkg-config command is in a package named=
 simply pkg-config in the apt package manager on =
Ubuntu/Debian systems, whereas in the third-party homebrew pac=
kage manager on MacOS it's in a package named pkgconf. In orde=
r to determine the right package name for the current system, the package m=
etadata for Opam packages with depexts contains a list of all =
the different known package names along with the conditions under which tha=
t name is correct. Here is that list for the conf-pkg-config O=
pam package:

    

    depexts: [
  ["pkg-config"] {os-family =3D "debian" | os-family =3D "ubuntu"}
  ["pkgconf"] {os-distribution =3D "arch"}
  ["pkgconf-pkg-config"] {os-family =3D "fedora"}
  ["pkgconfig"] {os-distribution =3D "centos" & os-version <=3D "7"}
  ["pkgconf-pkg-config"] {os-distribution =3D "mageia"}
  ["pkgconfig"] {os-distribution =3D "rhel" & os-version <=3D "7"}
  ["pkgconfig"] {os-distribution =3D "ol" & os-version <=3D "7"}
  ["pkgconf"] {os-distribution =3D "alpine"}
  ["pkg-config"] {os-distribution =3D "nixos"}
  ["pkgconf"] {os =3D "macos" & os-distribution =3D "homebrew"}
  ["pkgconfig"] {os =3D "macos" & os-distribution =3D "macports"}
  ["pkgconf"] {os =3D "freebsd"}
  ["pkgconf-pkg-config"] {os-distribution =3D "rhel" & os-version >=
=3D "8"}
  ["pkgconf-pkg-config"] {os-distribution =3D "centos" & os-version >=
;=3D "8"}
  ["pkgconf-pkg-config"] {os-distribution =3D "ol" & os-version >=3D=
 "8"}
  ["system:pkgconf"] {os =3D "win32" & os-distribution =3D "cygwinports=
"}
  ["pkgconf"] {os-distribution =3D "cygwin"}
]

    

    

    

    

    depexts in Dune
    

    

    
Dune doesn't install depexts automatically as the Dune develop=
ers are a little nervous about running commands that would modify the globa=
l system state. This may change at some point, but for now Dune only provid=
es support for listing the names of depexts, leaving it up to =
the user to install them as they see fit.

    


    
The dune show depexts command can be used to list the de=
pexts of a project. For that command to work the project must have a=
 lock directory. Here's an example of listing the depexts of a=
 project:

    

    $ dune pkg lock
...
$ dune show depexts
libao
libffi
pkgconf
sdl2

    


    
I ran these commands on a Mac with homebrew installed, so the package names=
 are from the homebrew package repo. Each package listed there is one of th=
e depexts of a package whose lockfile appears in the project's=
 lock directory. Let's look at how this information is stored. Using =
pkg-config as an example:

    

    $ cat dune.lock/conf-pkg-config.pkg
(version 4)

(build
 (run pkgconf --version))

(depexts pkgconf)

    


    
The relevant part for us is the depexts field. The current rel=
eased version of Dune only stores the package's depexts for th=
e system where dune pkg lock was run. The command dune s=
how depexts simply concatenates the depexts fields from=
 each lockfile in the lock directory.

    


    
When thinking about portable lock directories I always like to imagine what=
 the experience would be using Dune for a project where the lock directory =
is checked into version control. I frequently switch between using two diff=
erent machines for development - one running Linux and the other running Ma=
cOS. If I was to check in the lock directory I just generated on my Mac, an=
d then check it out on Linux and continue development, dune show depe=
xts would show me a list of packages for the wrong system!

    

    

    

    

    Portable depexts in Dune
    

    

    
To make depexts portable, one's first instinct might be to use=
 the same approach as taken with the depends field outlined here, listing the depexts for =
each platform for which the solver was run. Indeed such a change was added =
to the Dune Developer Preview when we first introduced portable lock direct=
ories, however we quickly realized a problem.

    


    
The depends, build, and install fiel=
ds of a package rarely vary between OS distribution. It's reasonably common=
 for those fields to be different on different OSes, but very rare for them=
 to also be different on different OS distributio=
ns. As such, it's expected that users will elect to solve their proj=
ects for each common OS, but there would be little value in solving project=
s for each OS distro. In fact solving for multiple distros would slow down =
solving and bloat the lock directory, and users would somehow need to come =
up with a definitive list of distros to solve for.

    


    
But the depexts field is high=
ly-dependent on the OS distro since package names are specific to the packa=
ge repository for a particular distro. Recall that the depexts=
 field in Opam package metadata lists package names along with the conditio=
ns under which that package name should be used, e.g.:

    

    ["pkg-config"] {os-family =3D "debian" | os-family =3D "ubuntu"}
["pkgconf"] {os-distribution =3D "arch"}
["pkgconf-pkg-config"] {os-family =3D "fedora"}
["pkgconfig"] {os-distribution =3D "centos" & os-version <=3D "7"}

    

    
These conditions almost always involve the name of the OS distro, and to ma=
ke matters worse they also sometimes involve the OS version, as packages can change their names between different ver=
sions of the same OS. Evaluating these conditions at solve time for platfor=
ms with no distro or version specified tends to result in lockfiles with no depexts at all, since all th=
e conditions evaluate to false.

    


    
The use case we have in mind for depexts in Dune is that a use=
r will solve their project coarsely, usually just for each common OS with n=
o consideration for distribution or version. Then when they run dune =
show depexts, the depexts will be listed using names ap=
propriate to the current machine. This means Dune needs to store enough met=
adata about depexts to compute system-specific depext names at a later time. This means storing the same names and condition=
s as are currently stored in Opam files, and deferring evaluation of the co=
nditions until as late as possible, such as right when dune show depe=
xts is run.

    


    
The latest version of the Dune Developer Preview does just this; translatin=
g the depexts field from each package's Opam file into a Dune-=
friendly S-expression. After this change, the depexts field of=
 conf-pkg-config's lockfile is:

    

    $ cat dune.lock/conf-pkg-config.4.pkg
...
(depexts
 ((pkg-config)
  (or_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os_family} debian)
   (=3D %{os_family} ubuntu)))
 ((pkgconf)
  (=3D %{os_distribution} arch))
 ((pkgconf-pkg-config)
  (=3D %{os_family} fedora))
 ((pkgconfig)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os_distribution} centos)
   (<=3D %{os_version} 7)))
 ((pkgconf-pkg-config)
  (=3D %{os_distribution} mageia))
 ((pkgconfig)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os_distribution} rhel)
   (<=3D %{os_version} 7)))
 ((pkgconfig)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os_distribution} ol)
   (<=3D %{os_version} 7)))
 ((pkgconf)
  (=3D %{os_distribution} alpine))
 ((pkg-config)
  (=3D %{os_distribution} nixos))
 ((pkgconf)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os} macos)
   (=3D %{os_distribution} homebrew)))
 ((pkgconfig)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os} macos)
   (=3D %{os_distribution} macports)))
 ((pkgconf)
  (=3D %{os} freebsd))
 ((pkgconf-pkg-config)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os_distribution} rhel)
   (>=3D %{os_version} 8)))
 ((pkgconf-pkg-config)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os_distribution} centos)
   (>=3D %{os_version} 8)))
 ((pkgconf-pkg-config)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os_distribution} ol)
   (>=3D %{os_version} 8)))
 ((system:pkgconf)
  (and_absorb_undefined_var
   (=3D %{os} win32)
   (=3D %{os_distribution} cygwinports)))
 ((pkgconf)
  (=3D %{os_distribution} cygwin)))

    


    
That's a 1:1 translation of the depexts field from conf-=
pkg-config's Opam file. There's enough information there so that the=
 appropriate package name can be computed on demand rather than just at sol=
ve time.

    


    
This bring us a step closer to a world where Dune users can check their loc=
k directories into version control with confidence that their builds are re=
producible across different platforms. To try out the latest version of the=
 Dune Developer Preview, go to prev=
iew.dune.build.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Semgrep is hiring OCaml developers to work on the static analy=
sis engine
    

    

    
Archive: https://d=
iscuss.ocaml.org/t/job-remote-semgrep-is-hiring-ocaml-developers-to-work-on=
-the-static-analysis-engine/16771/1

    

    

    

    iago announced
    

    

    
Semgrep is an application security company focused on detecting and remedia=
ting vulnerabilities. The static analysis engine is primarily written in OC=
aml. We are looking for a senior software engineer to join the Code team, w=
here we focus on first-party code vulnerability and secrets scanning.

    


    
The ideal candidate has experience building program analysis tooling or cod=
e scanners (perhaps in a research context).

    


    
Both on-site and remote work are OK.

    


    
If this sounds interesting to you, see our job posting at Senior Program Analysis=
 Engineer, Code.

    


    
Let me know if you have any questions!

    

    

    

    

    

    Elpe, a config-as-code build system written in OCaml+Rust
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/elpe-a-c=
onfig-as-code-build-system-written-in-ocaml-rust/16783/1

    

    

    

    pmeunier announced
    

    

    
I just released the first version of Elpe, a build system designed as a ble=
nd of Nix and Ubuntu.

    


    
It uses OCaml for the frontend, and communicates with a Rust backend via gR=
PC.

    


    
Blog post about it

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/31

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hello :vulcan_salute:=20
The next Dune Dev Meeting will be tomorrow on Wednesday, June, 11th at 1=
6:00 CEST. This is going to be a one-hour-long meeting.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronize with the Dune developers :+1:

    


    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to add more=
 items in it.

    



    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 10 to 17,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Help Test the New Odoc-3-Powered Package Documentation Pages
Dune 3.19
CFP - JFLA 2026 - Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Help Test the New Odoc-3-Powered Package Documentation Pages
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Paul-Elliot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're in the process of deploying odoc 3 on the package documentation
  pipeline that underpins the package documentation pages at
  .

  We've prepared [a patch for OCaml.org] that renders the packages'
  documentation pages with the new odoc 3 features. Before deploying
  this on the production version of the OCaml.org website, we're looking
  for community feedback on the updated package documentation pages now
  available on staging.ocaml.org :tada:.

  Some of the new odoc 3 features benefit all packages!
  =E2=80=A2 The docs CI is now using a new driver, with *many more docs bei=
ng
    built*. Compare the docs for yojson in the [old] and [new] CI!
  =E2=80=A2 The docs now features a *"source" link* next to most items, tak=
ing
    you to a rendered version of the source code. For instance, if you
    wonder how the [`List.sort_uniq'] function is implemented, click on
    the source link next to it!
  =E2=80=A2 The *sidebar and breadcrumbs*, which were previously hacked tog=
ether
    by ocaml.org, are now properly generated by odoc. Compare odoc's
    [old] and [new] sidebar!
  =E2=80=A2 The URL layout has been updated to include the library names, w=
ith
    redirections to avoid dead links.

  Some other new features opens new possibility for documentation
  authors! They are mostly unused as their support is so recent, but you
  can test then on odoc's docs:
  =E2=80=A2 Ocaml.org now allows to reference other packages modules and pa=
ges!
    For instance, `odoc-driver''s doc, in [its introduction], references
    a page from sherlodoc's doc! It's as simple as [this syntax].
  =E2=80=A2 Medias, such as images, finally work on ocaml.org. This requires
    using the special syntax that is so new that, currently, only odoc's
    cheatsheet is [using]. But since we made sure to be compatible with
    odig's convention, images now work for several packages: compare
    Vg's tutorial [before] and [after]!

  How to help:
  =E2=80=A2 Test browsing package documentation on staging.ocaml.org
  =E2=80=A2 Report any bugs you encounter (even if it's just a small visual
    issue)

  Your testing helps ensure a smooth transition when these improvements
  go live. Thanks for helping us!

  The ocaml.org and odoc maintainers


[a patch for OCaml.org] 

[old] 

[new] 

[`List.sort_uniq']


[old] 

[new] 

[its introduction]


[this syntax]


[using]


[before] 

[after] 


Dune 3.19
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Dune Team is glad to announce the release of Dune `3.19.1'
  :vulcan_salute:

  This patch release contains a fix reverting some regressions on how
  `dune exec' handles processes. It restores the previous behaviour.

  If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the
  [ocaml/dune] repository.


[ocaml/dune] 

Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 Revert changes in `dune exec' behaviour introduced in
    3.19.0. (#11879, fixes #11870, #11867 and #11881, @Alizter)


CFP - JFLA 2026 - Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Marie Kerjean announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This message is intentionally written in French. It is a call for
  papers for the =E2=80=9CFrancophone Days on Functional Languages=E2=80=9D=
 to be held
  at the end of January 2026 in the Northern Vosges. Papers can be
  written in English, but the presentations themselves are expected to
  be given in French.

  Merci de faire circuler : premier appel =C3=A0 communications

  JFLA 2026 : Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs
  

  27 janvier au 30 janvier 2026

  H=C3=B4tellerie du Couvent

  Les 37=C3=A8mes Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs (JFLA=
) se
  tiendront dans les Vosges du Nord, =C3=A0 Oberbronn (Bas-Rhin), du mardi =
27
  janvier 2026 au vendredi 30 janvier 2026.

  Les JFLA r=C3=A9unissent concepteur=C2=B7rices, utilisateur=C2=B7rices et
  th=C3=A9oricien=C2=B7nes ; elles ont pour ambition de couvrir les domaine=
s des
  langages applicatifs, de la preuve formelle, de la v=C3=A9rification de
  programmes, et des objets math=C3=A9matiques qui sous-tendent ces
  outils. Ces domaines doivent =C3=AAtre pris au sens large : nous souhaito=
ns
  promouvoir les ponts entre les diff=C3=A9rentes th=C3=A9matiques.

  =E2=80=A2 Langages fonctionnels et applicatifs : s=C3=A9mantique, compila=
tion,
    optimisation, typage, extensions =C3=A0 d'autres paradigmes.

  =E2=80=A2 Assistants de preuve : impl=C3=A9mentation, nouvelles tactiques,
    d=C3=A9veloppements pr=C3=A9sentant un int=C3=A9r=C3=AAt th=C3=A9orique=
, technique ou
    m=C3=A9thodologique.

  =E2=80=A2 Logique, correspondance preuve-programme, r=C3=A9alisabilit=C3=
=A9, extraction
    de programmes, mod=C3=A8les.

  =E2=80=A2 Sp=C3=A9cification, prototypage, d=C3=A9veloppements formels d'=
algorithmes.

  =E2=80=A2 V=C3=A9rification de programmes ou de mod=C3=A8les, v=C3=A9rifi=
cation d=C3=A9ductive,
    interpr=C3=A9tation abstraite, raffinement.

  =E2=80=A2 Utilisation industrielle des langages fonctionnels et applicati=
fs,
    ou des m=C3=A9thodes issues de la communaut=C3=A9 scientifique. Outils =
et
    plateformes pour le web.

  =E2=80=A2 Enseignement ou diffusion des langages fonctionnels et
    applicatifs. Environnements et m=C3=A9thodes de d=C3=A9veloppement, ret=
ours
    d'exp=C3=A9rience.

  Les articles soumis aux JFLA sont relus par au moins deux personnes
  s'ils sont accept=C3=A9s, et au moins trois personnes s'ils sont rejet=C3=
=A9s.
  Les critiques du comit=C3=A9 de programme sont toujours bienveillantes et
  la plupart du temps encourageantes et constructives, m=C3=AAme en cas de
  rejet.

  Il n'y a donc pas de raison de ne pas soumettre aux JFLA !

  DATES IMPORTANTES

  /!\ Attention : les dates limites sont fermes et d=C3=A9finitives.  Il n'y
      aura pas d'extension. /!\

  =E2=80=A2 Soumission des r=C3=A9sum=C3=A9s et articles : 16 octobre 2025,=
 GMT+2
  =E2=80=A2 Notification aux auteurs et autrices : 2 d=C3=A9cembre 2025, GM=
T+2
  =E2=80=A2 Version finale des articles : 16 d=C3=A9cembre 2025, GMT+2

  SOUMISSIONS

  Nous acceptons deux types de soumissions :

  =E2=80=A2 Article de recherche (18 pages max.) portant sur des travaux
    originaux. Nous acceptons des travaux en cours, pour lesquels
    l'aspect recherche n'est pas enti=C3=A8rement finalis=C3=A9. Nous encou=
rageons
    aussi la soumission d'articles pr=C3=A9sentant avec =C3=A9l=C3=A9gance =
un r=C3=A9sultat
    connu sous un angle nouveau.

  =E2=80=A2 Article court (9 pages max.) d=C3=A9crivant un probl=C3=A8me pa=
rticulier, les
    pistes en cours d'investigation, et visant =C3=A0 rechercher de l'aide =
de
    la part de la communaut=C3=A9. Les articles courts peuvent =C3=A9galeme=
nt
    pr=C3=A9senter de mani=C3=A8re synth=C3=A9tique et coh=C3=A9rente des r=
=C3=A9sultats d=C3=A9j=C3=A0
    publi=C3=A9s. Enfin, ils peuvent pr=C3=A9senter un outil logiciel dont
    l'expos=C3=A9 constituera une d=C3=A9monstration.

  CONSIGNES AUX AUTEURS ET AUTRICES

  Les articles peuvent =C3=AAtre r=C3=A9dig=C3=A9s en fran=C3=A7ais ou en a=
nglais.

  La forme de l'article doit =C3=AAtre soign=C3=A9e, et le contenu r=C3=A9d=
ig=C3=A9 de
  mani=C3=A8re structur=C3=A9e et claire.

  Le style LaTeX jflart doit imp=C3=A9rativement =C3=AAtre utilis=C3=A9 sans
  modification de la mise en page. Le style LaTeX et sa documentation
  sont disponibles depuis le site web de la conf=C3=A9rence.

  Les limites de pages sont strictes. Les r=C3=A9f=C3=A9rences bibliographi=
ques ne
  sont pas comptabilis=C3=A9es dans la limite de pages. Les annexes aux
  articles ne sont pas autoris=C3=A9es.

  Les auteurs et autrices peuvent soumettre du mat=C3=A9riel suppl=C3=A9men=
taire,
  s=C3=A9par=C3=A9 de l'article soumis, sous forme de texte (version longue=
, sans
  limite de pages) et/ou de d=C3=A9veloppement logiciel. L'=C3=A9valuation =
de ce
  mat=C3=A9riel suppl=C3=A9mentaire est =C3=A0 la discr=C3=A9tion du comit=
=C3=A9 de
  programme. Les articles soumis doivent donc =C3=AAtre auto-contenus et
  =C3=A9valuables sans ce mat=C3=A9riel suppl=C3=A9mentaire.

  Les soumissions parall=C3=A8les dans d'autres conf=C3=A9rences, journaux =
ou
  workshops avec actes ne sont pas autoris=C3=A9es.

  Les membres du comit=C3=A9 de programme sont autoris=C3=A9s =C3=A0 soumet=
tre un
  article. Les pr=C3=A9sidentes du comit=C3=A9 ne le sont pas.

  Les articles doivent =C3=AAtre soumis via le site :
  

  L'=C3=A9valuation des articles suit un processus en simple-aveugle : les
  rapports des articles sont anonymes, mais pas les auteurs et autrices.

  Les articles accept=C3=A9s seront publi=C3=A9s dans les actes de la conf=
=C3=A9rence,
  sur HAL, et les auteurs et autrices en donneront une pr=C3=A9sentation lo=
rs
  des journ=C3=A9es. Les pr=C3=A9sentations seront, de pr=C3=A9f=C3=A9rence=
, donn=C3=A9es en
  fran=C3=A7ais.

  Marie KERJEAN et Yannick ZAKOWSKI JFLA 2026


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Introducing OxCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [Under the hood with Apple's new Containerization framework]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Introducing OxCaml] 

[Under the hood with Apple's new Containerization framework]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 10 to 17, 2025.

    



    

    Help Test the New Odoc-3-Powered Package Documentation Pages

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/help=
-test-the-new-odoc-3-powered-package-documentation-pages/16795/1

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
We're in the process of deploying odoc 3 on the package documentation pipel=
ine that underpins the package documentation pages at https://ocaml.org/packages.

    


    
We've prepared a p=
atch for OCaml.org that renders the packages' documentation pages with =
the new odoc 3 features. Before deploying this on the production version of=
 the OCaml.org website, we're looking for community feedback on the updated=
 package documentation pages now available on staging.ocaml.org :tada:.

    


    
Some of the new odoc 3 features benefit all packages!

    

      

    • The docs CI is now using a new driver, with many more docs being bui=
lt. Compare the docs for yojson in the old and new CI!
      • 

    • The docs now features a "source" link next to most items, taking=
 you to a rendered version of the source code. For instance, if you wonder =
how the List.sort_uniq f=
unction is implemented, click on the source link next to it!
      • 

    • The sidebar and breadcrumbs, which were previously hacked togeth=
er by ocaml.org, are now properly generated by odoc. Compare odoc's old and new sidebar!

    • The URL layout has been updated to include the library names, with redi=
rections to avoid dead links.
      • 

    


    
Some other new features opens new possibility for documentation authors! Th=
ey are mostly unused as their support is so recent, but you can test then o=
n odoc's docs:

    



    
How to help:

    

      

    • Test browsing package documentation on staging.ocaml.org
      • 

    • Report any bugs you encounter (even if it's just a small visual issue)<=
/li>

    


    
Your testing helps ensure a smooth transition when these improvements go li=
ve. Thanks for helping us!

    


    
The ocaml.org and odoc maintainers

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.19
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-19/16693/2

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
The Dune Team is glad to announce the release of Dune 3.19.1 :=
vulcan_salute:=20

    


    
This patch release contains a fix reverting some regressions on how d=
une exec
handles processes. It restores the previous behaviour.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Revert changes in dune exec behaviour introduced in 3.19.0=
. (#11879, fixes #11870, #11867 and #11881, @Alizter)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    CFP - JFLA 2026 - Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Appl=
icatifs
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/cfp-=
jfla-2026-journees-francophones-des-langages-applicatifs/16804/1

    

    

    

    Marie Kerjean announced
    

    

    
This message is intentionally written in French. It is a call for papers fo=
r the
=E2=80=9CFrancophone Days on Functional Languages=E2=80=9D to be held at th=
e end of January 2026
in the Northern Vosges. Papers can be written in English, but the presentat=
ions
themselves are expected to be given in French.

    


    
Merci de faire circuler : premier appel =C3=A0 communications

    


    
JFLA 2026 : Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs
http://jfla.inria.fr/jfla202=
6.html

    


    
27 janvier au 30 janvier 2026

    


    
H=C3=B4tellerie du Couvent

    


    
Les 37=C3=A8mes Journ=C3=A9es Francophones des Langages Applicatifs (JFLA) =
se tiendront
dans les Vosges du Nord, =C3=A0 Oberbronn (Bas-Rhin), du mardi 27 janvier 2=
026 au
vendredi 30 janvier 2026.

    


    
Les JFLA r=C3=A9unissent concepteur=C2=B7rices, utilisateur=C2=B7rices et t=
h=C3=A9oricien=C2=B7nes ;
elles ont pour ambition de couvrir les domaines des langages applicatifs, d=
e la
preuve formelle, de la v=C3=A9rification de programmes, et des objets math=
=C3=A9matiques
qui sous-tendent ces outils. Ces domaines doivent =C3=AAtre pris au sens la=
rge : nous
souhaitons promouvoir les ponts entre les diff=C3=A9rentes th=C3=A9matiques.

    


      

    • Langages fonctionnels et applicatifs : s=C3=A9mantique, compilation, op=
timisation,
typage, extensions =C3=A0 d'autres paradigmes.
      • 


    • Assistants de preuve : impl=C3=A9mentation, nouvelles tactiques, d=C3=
=A9veloppements
pr=C3=A9sentant un int=C3=A9r=C3=AAt th=C3=A9orique, technique ou m=C3=A9th=
odologique.
      • 


    • Logique, correspondance preuve-programme, r=C3=A9alisabilit=C3=A9, extr=
action de
programmes, mod=C3=A8les.
      • 


    • Sp=C3=A9cification, prototypage, d=C3=A9veloppements formels d'algorith=
mes.
      • 


    • V=C3=A9rification de programmes ou de mod=C3=A8les, v=C3=A9rification d=
=C3=A9ductive,
interpr=C3=A9tation abstraite, raffinement.
      • 


    • Utilisation industrielle des langages fonctionnels et applicatifs,
ou des m=C3=A9thodes issues de la communaut=C3=A9 scientifique. Outils et
plateformes pour le web.
      • 


    • Enseignement ou diffusion des langages fonctionnels et
applicatifs. Environnements et m=C3=A9thodes de d=C3=A9veloppement, retours
d'exp=C3=A9rience.
      • 

    


    
Les articles soumis aux JFLA sont relus par au moins deux personnes s'ils s=
ont
accept=C3=A9s, et au moins trois personnes s'ils sont rejet=C3=A9s.  Les cr=
itiques du
comit=C3=A9 de programme sont toujours bienveillantes et la plupart du temps
encourageantes et constructives, m=C3=AAme en cas de rejet.

    


    
Il n'y a donc pas de raison de ne pas soumettre aux JFLA !

    


    
DATES IMPORTANTES

    


    
/!\ Attention : les dates limites sont fermes et d=C3=A9finitives.
    Il n'y aura pas d'extension. /!\

    


      

    • Soumission des r=C3=A9sum=C3=A9s et articles : 16 octobre 2025, GMT+2

    • Notification aux auteurs et autrices : 2 d=C3=A9cembre 2025, GMT+2
      • 

    • Version finale des articles : 16 d=C3=A9cembre 2025, GMT+2
      • 

    


    
SOUMISSIONS

    


    
Nous acceptons deux types de soumissions :

    


      

    • Article de recherche (18 pages max.) portant sur des travaux originaux.=
 Nous
acceptons des travaux en cours, pour lesquels l'aspect recherche n'est pas
enti=C3=A8rement finalis=C3=A9. Nous encourageons aussi la soumission d'art=
icles
pr=C3=A9sentant avec =C3=A9l=C3=A9gance un r=C3=A9sultat connu sous un angl=
e nouveau.
      • 


    • Article court (9 pages max.) d=C3=A9crivant un probl=C3=A8me particulie=
r, les pistes en
cours d'investigation, et visant =C3=A0 rechercher de l'aide de la part de =
la
communaut=C3=A9. Les articles courts peuvent =C3=A9galement pr=C3=A9senter =
de mani=C3=A8re
synth=C3=A9tique et coh=C3=A9rente des r=C3=A9sultats d=C3=A9j=C3=A0 publi=
=C3=A9s. Enfin, ils peuvent
pr=C3=A9senter un outil logiciel dont l'expos=C3=A9 constituera une d=C3=A9=
monstration.
      • 

    


    
CONSIGNES AUX AUTEURS ET AUTRICES

    


    
Les articles peuvent =C3=AAtre r=C3=A9dig=C3=A9s en fran=C3=A7ais ou en ang=
lais.

    


    
La forme de l'article doit =C3=AAtre soign=C3=A9e, et le contenu r=C3=A9dig=
=C3=A9 de mani=C3=A8re
structur=C3=A9e et claire.

    


    
Le style LaTeX jflart doit imp=C3=A9rativement =C3=AAtre utilis=C3=A9 sans =
modification de la
mise en page. Le style LaTeX et sa documentation sont disponibles depuis le=
 site
web de la conf=C3=A9rence.

    


    
Les limites de pages sont strictes. Les r=C3=A9f=C3=A9rences bibliographiqu=
es ne sont pas
comptabilis=C3=A9es dans la limite de pages. Les annexes aux articles ne so=
nt pas
autoris=C3=A9es.

    


    
Les auteurs et autrices peuvent soumettre du mat=C3=A9riel suppl=C3=A9menta=
ire, s=C3=A9par=C3=A9 de
l'article soumis, sous forme de texte (version longue, sans limite de pages)
et/ou de d=C3=A9veloppement logiciel. L'=C3=A9valuation de ce mat=C3=A9riel=
 suppl=C3=A9mentaire est
=C3=A0 la discr=C3=A9tion du comit=C3=A9 de programme. Les articles soumis =
doivent donc =C3=AAtre
auto-contenus et =C3=A9valuables sans ce mat=C3=A9riel suppl=C3=A9mentaire.

    


    
Les soumissions parall=C3=A8les dans d'autres conf=C3=A9rences, journaux ou=
 workshops avec
actes ne sont pas autoris=C3=A9es.

    


    
Les membres du comit=C3=A9 de programme sont autoris=C3=A9s =C3=A0 soumettr=
e un article. Les
pr=C3=A9sidentes du comit=C3=A9 ne le sont pas.

    


    
Les articles doivent =C3=AAtre soumis via le site :
https://jfla2026.hotcrp.com

    


    
L'=C3=A9valuation des articles suit un processus en simple-aveugle : les ra=
pports
des articles sont anonymes, mais pas les auteurs et autrices.

    


    
Les articles accept=C3=A9s seront publi=C3=A9s dans les actes de la conf=C3=
=A9rence, sur HAL,
et les auteurs et autrices en donneront une pr=C3=A9sentation lors des jour=
n=C3=A9es. Les
pr=C3=A9sentations seront, de pr=C3=A9f=C3=A9rence, donn=C3=A9es en fran=C3=
=A7ais.

    


    
Marie KERJEAN et Yannick ZAKOWSKI
JFLA 2026

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 17 to 24, 2025.

    



    

    Multi-domain, multi-scheduler Lwt
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/multi-domain-multi-scheduler-lwt=
/16834/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
I have started working on changing Lwt to allow multiple schedulers to run in parallel in separate doma=
ins. The current status is early work-in-progress with some actual tests th=
at actually use the multi-scheduler feature (Draft PR).

    


    
This is still far from release. There are some major changes still needed (=
e.g., signal management, improve callback sending, restoring some broken si=
ngle-domain tests, etc.). Still, I'd like to gather feedback from users of =
Lwt, especially those with hefty code bases and those who need to bring the=
ir legacy code bases into the ocaml-5 era (but don't hesitate to contribute=
 even if that's not the case).

    

    

    

    What kind of uses would you make of a multi-scheduler=
 multi-domain scheduler?
    

    

    
"None" is a valid response. Maybe you don't want to use parallelism in your=
 Lwt-based codebase.

    


    
I can see several reasonable uses:

    

      

    • a worker pool so you dispatch your server's requests to different cores=
 (but you don't really need to rewrite much of your code, you can keep your=
 lwt handlers, just set up a few domains and a few streams to send work aro=
und)
      • 

    • having mutliple schedulers into which you can run lwt bits of code (e.g=
., via run_in_domain: Domain.id -> (unit -> 'a Lwt.t) -> 'a<=
/code>, the multi-domain equivalent to run_in_main) from a "pr=
oper" multi-domain code
      • 

    


    
and also some maybe less reasonable uses:

    

      

    • writing some mixed lwt and regular old-fashion just-Unix blocking code,=
 and passing it off to a separate domain so it doesn't block your main sche=
duler
      • 

    

    

    

    

    What parts of Lwt would you expect to be safe to shar=
e freely amongst domains? What parts would you expect to have safety checks=
?
    

    

    
Currently, the WIP version, allows you to attach callbacks to promises rega=
rdless of which domain they were created in (safe to "read" any promise). I=
t means that promises are not attached to a particular domain, but callback=
s are.

    


    
OTOH there are no efforts made to prevent data-races for wakeners (unsafe t=
o "write" the same promise from two different domains). In most cases, Lwt.wakeup (and friends) should only be used to create new Lwt-fri=
endly abstractions (e.g., lache) so there is little reason f=
or them to move across domains. Still, is that something that should be tak=
en into account?

    


    
More generally, should the domain-safe abstractions replace the existing on=
es (e.g., should Lwt_stream make it safe to push/read from the=
 same stream in parallel) or should there be new domain-safe abstractions (=
e.g., an additional Lwt_stream_par)? And what performance cost=
 for single-domain programs is acceptable in order to make multi-domain pro=
grams safe?

    

    

    

    

    Is one scheduler per-domain the right granularity/abs=
traction?
    

    

    
Would it be better to offer one scheduler per thread? Is there little point=
 in offering unlimited schedulers to begin with?

    

    

    

    

    

    

    15th MirageOS retreat May 13th - 20th
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-15th-mirageos-retreat=
-may-13th-20th/16085/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Calascibetta Romain announced=

    

    

    
As @gasche, I also wrote an article about this retreat which synthesis (not=
 exhaustively) what I did with some other people. But, despite @gasche, I p=
ublished it into my blog here (which is an unikernel): https://blog.osau.re/artic=
les/last_mirageos_retreat.html. Enjoy reading!

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.4.0~beta1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-4-0-beta1/16856/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy and relieved to announce the first beta release of opam 2.4.0.

    


    
This version is an beta, we invite users to test it to spot previously unno=
ticed bugs as we head towards the stable release, which hopefully shouldn't=
 take too long.

    

    

    

    Changes
    

    

      

    • :dragon_face: Fixed a handful of bugs in opam install --deps-only=
 <local dir> more visible in 2.4, where some actions would use=
 the local packages' definition or write to the internal opam state as if t=
hey were actually pinned (#6529, #6532=
, #6501, #6535)
      • 


    • :yarn: Change the behaviour of --deps-only, where it no lo=
nger requires unicity of package version between the request and the instal=
led packages. In other words, if you have pkg.1 installed, ins=
talling dependencies of pkg.2 no longer removes pkg.1. This also allows to install dependencies of conflicting packages when=
 their dependencies are compliant (#6520)
      • 


    • :firecracker: Fixed a couple of regressions which would make opam=
 update crash in some cases (#6513, #6527)
      • 


    • :window: Improve the prebuilt Windows binaries by including Cygwin's setup-x86_64.exe in the binary itself as fallback, in case cygwin.com is inaccessible (#6498, #6538)
      • 

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information, and for even more details y=
ou can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
4.0~beta1"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0~beta1"

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ML Family Workshop 2025: Call for Presentations
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ml-family-workshop=
-2025-call-for-presentations/16521/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Sam announced
    

    

    
Update: we've extended the deadline to July 3!

    


    
If you (or someone you know) is planning to attend ICFP/SPLASH, we encourag=
e you to consider submitting. The submission requirements are small (only a=
 couple pages), and the scope of the workshop is broad: language design, im=
plementation, memory management, type systems, semantics, applications, too=
ling, debugging, program analysis – it's all fair game.

    


    
This is a great opportunity to discuss works-in-progress, or demo something=
 you've been building. Perhaps you even have a spicy take about language de=
sign? We have a submission category for that, and we'd love to hear it!

    

    

    

    

    

    Migrating OCaml.org to Use Dune (Developer Preview)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/migrating-ocaml=
-org-to-use-dune-developer-preview/16859/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
we're in the process of migrating OCaml.org to use Dune package management =
(see https://githu=
b.com/ocaml/ocaml.org/pull/3132). The intent behind this is to

    

      

    1. simplify the Developer Experience when building OCaml.org (to enable ne=
wcomers to more easily get started contributing)
      2. 

    2. demonstrate and ensure that Dune package management is suitable for the=
 production use case of running OCaml.org
      3. 

    


    
I would like everyone who has contributed, or would like to contribute to O=
Caml.org, to have the opportunity to try the patch and give feedback first.

    


    
So if you're interested in helping test Dune package management on OCaml.or=
g, please do check out https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml.org/pull/3132, and follow the instr=
uctions in the updated docs there.

    


    
Very interested in feedback or any other related matters.

    


    
Cheers
Sabine

    

    

    

    

    

    Send us Talk and Workshop Proposals for Fun OCaml 2025 in Wars=
aw, September 15+16
    

    

    
Archive: https://disc=
uss.ocaml.org/t/send-us-talk-and-workshop-proposals-for-fun-ocaml-2025-in-w=
arsaw-september-15-16/16646/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
We're still looking for talks and workshops, please hurry up and send us so=
me, so that we can announce some great topics and speakers soon!

    

    

    

    

    

    A Brief Introduction to Normalization-By-Evaluation
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-brief-intro=
duction-to-normalization-by-evaluation/16869/1

    

    

    

    Louis Ashfield announced
    

    

    
I wrote a brief introduction to the normalization-by-evaluation algorithm i=
n OCaml, which is the standard way to efficiently normalize lambda calculus=
 terms to their beta normal forms. I hope you find this introduction helpfu=
l!

    


    
https://gist.github.com/etiams/7fbb66a46b2a43be908ccd4015d00fb9

    

    

    

    

    

    My Second Outreachy Internship's Blog Post
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/my-second-outreachy-int=
ernships-blog-post/16872/1

    

    

    

    Matthew Idungafa announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone, here's my second internship blog post. In this article, I s=
hare the struggles and blockers I faced trying to complete my first tasks: =
 https://medium.com/@mattidungafa/outreachy-week-3-every=
one-struggles-99071035aecb

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

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Previous Week Up Next Week

    


    
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Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of June 24 to July 01, 2025.

    



    

    dream-html and pure-html 3.11.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dream-html-pure-html-3-11-0/16888/1

    

    

    

    Yawar Amin announced
    

    

    
Happy to announce a new release of dream-html:

    

    

    

    pure-html
    

    


    

    

    

    dream-html
    

    

      

    • Add Dream_html.if_none_match and if_match helpers for conditional requests using ETags
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    • Add fold function to traverse nodes
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    • Remove some incorrect path validation from the PPX
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
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From: Alan Schmitt 
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--=-=-=
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 01 to 08,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml security team
Dockerfile for building an OPAM application, with dune/apt/opam caching
opam 2.4.0~rc1
Js_of_ocaml 6.1.0 / Wasm_of_ocaml
Announcing Raven: Scientific Computing for OCaml (Alpha Release)
Slipshow!
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


OCaml security team
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear everyone,

  We are starting an effort to push security into OCaml. This is based
  on discussions in the OCaml Software Foundation with industry
  partners. The main goal is to have best practises similar to those of
  other programming language ecosystems.


Reporting security issues
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This entails a point of contact for the security team - which deals
  with communication between the person who found a security-relevant
  problem in OCaml software (named "reporter"), who can then contact us
  - the security team - instead of using a public bug tracker, and the
  upstream OCaml developer(s).

  We, the security team, will establish the three-way communication, and
  since we have a documented security disclosure process (which will be
  published soon), we will guide everyone through the process and ensure
  that timelines are met, CVE numbers are assigned, =E2=80=A6


Team composition
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The OCaml security team currently consists of individual security
  experts and individuals representing company sponsors of the OCaml
  Software Foundation. Individual members participating on a personal
  capacity may be compensated for their time from the OCaml Software
  Foundation.

  The team currently consists of 7 members
  =E2=80=A2 Hannes Mehnert  - individual, chair
  =E2=80=A2 Mindy  - individual
  =E2=80=A2 Joe  - individual
  =E2=80=A2 Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k  - individ=
ual
  =E2=80=A2 Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r  - LexiFi
  =E2=80=A2 Louis Roch=C3=A9  - ahrefs
  =E2=80=A2 Maxim Grankin  - Bloomberg

  We're in the process to formalise the responsibilities of the team,
  our proposed disclosure process, and how to join & leave the team.


Funding for security actions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In complement to the security disclosure process, we will accept
  funding requests for projects that make OCaml more secure (including
  guidelines how to develop OCaml in a secure way/what are common
  pitfalls; static analysis; dissemination tools; =E2=80=A6). The OCaml Sof=
tware
  Foundation will provide funding for these security actions. After this
  summer we will discuss this in more depth with the community.


Next steps
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We will setup a website (similar to
   has) soon, and provide an email
  address for contacting us - security At ocamlDoT org is forwarding to
  our team. We plan to setup a mailing list for security announcements.

  But more on that at a later point, this brief post is mainly about the
  fact that this team starts to exist now, and is working on improving
  the security story of OCaml.

  If you have any questions for now, please feel free to discuss them in
  this announcement. Please be aware that it is vacation time soon, so
  we may not be very responsive.


Dockerfile for building an OPAM application, with dune/apt/opam caching
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I was writing some dockerfiles for building some OCaml applications
  recently, and realized that it is possible to write a Dockerfile that
  can build almost arbitrary Opam applications without even having to
  hardcode the package name.

  I used `ocaml-dockerfile' to generate it (only the OS and OCaml
  version is hardcoded), so I thought I'd share it, it should work with
  both Podman and Docker:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # syntax=3Ddocker/dockerfile:1
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 FROM ocaml/opam:debian-12-ocaml-4.14
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Update the opam repository (otherwise lockfile may contain a =
version we don't know about)
  =E2=94=82 RUN git -C /home/opam/opam-repository pull origin master && opa=
m-2.3 update
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Enable the dune cache in copy mode
  =E2=94=82 # (hardlink mode would fail with EXDEV if cache is on separate =
disk/partition)
  =E2=94=82 # This caches the build of opam dependencies using dune and the=
 main application
  =E2=94=82 ENV DUNE_CACHE=3D"enabled" DUNE_CACHE_STORAGE_MODE=3D"copy"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # `apt` in containers is usually configured to always clean up =
after operations
  =E2=94=82 # When we have a cache mount for the APT package cache we don't=
 want to clean up, since the cache would be ineffective.
  =E2=94=82 # Also change OPAM to use the 0install solver, this is faster, =
especially when a lockfile is present.
  =E2=94=82 RUN sudo rm -f /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean && \
  =E2=94=82   opam-2.3 option solver=3Dbuiltin-0install
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Use a workdir outside of $HOME, to avoid having .opam as a su=
bdir of the build
  =E2=94=82 WORKDIR /app
  =E2=94=82 # Copy dependency definitions first. See https://docs.docker.co=
m/build/cache/optimize/#order-your-layers
  =E2=94=82 COPY [ "*.opam", "*.opam.locked", "." ]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Install and cache system packages required by the build
  =E2=94=82 # The cache is locked, so multiple container builds will wait h=
ere
  =E2=94=82 # (apt would have a lock but it is stored outside of the cache =
dir, so we cannot rely on it to prevent concurrent accesses)
  =E2=94=82 # A cache id is used, so that different distros would have diff=
erent cache folders
  =E2=94=82 RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,id=3D/var/cache/apt#debian-12;amd64,=
target=3D/var/cache/apt,sharing=3Dlocked \
  =E2=94=82     --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,id=3D/var/lib/apt#debian-12;amd64,ta=
rget=3D/var/lib/apt,sharing=3Dlocked \
  =E2=94=82     sudo apt-get update -y && \
  =E2=94=82     opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test . --depext-only
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Download and cache opam package dependencies
  =E2=94=82 # The cache is locked, so multiple container builds will wait h=
ere
  =E2=94=82 # To minimize the time the lock is held the actual package inst=
allations are done as a separate step
  =E2=94=82 RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.opam/download-c=
ache,sharing=3Dlocked,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
  =E2=94=82     opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test . --download-only
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Install (cached) downloaded opam dependencies
  =E2=94=82 # The download cache is mounted readonly and shared, multiple c=
ontainer builds can proceed in parallel.
  =E2=94=82 # The dune cache is mounted RW.
  =E2=94=82 # Multiple concurrent builds will use the same cache, but dune =
must already be able to cope with this
  =E2=94=82 # A cache id is used, so that different distros would have diff=
erent cache folders (it is unlikely that dune caches would be sharable acro=
ss distros)
  =E2=94=82 RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.opam/download-c=
ache,readonly,sharing=3Dshared,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
  =E2=94=82     --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.cache/dune,shar=
ing=3Dshared,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
  =E2=94=82     opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test . --deps-only
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Copy actual application source code
  =E2=94=82 COPY [ ".", "." ]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Build and install application code, using dune cache.
  =E2=94=82 RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.cache/dune,shar=
ing=3Dshared,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
  =E2=94=82     opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test .
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It avoids some common pitfalls:
  =E2=80=A2 disable cleanup of APT downloaded packages (otherwise caching is
    ineffective)
  =E2=80=A2 enables the opam download cache too which is stored in a
    non-standard location (`~/.opam/download-cache' instead of
    `~/.cache/opam')
  =E2=80=A2 avoids EXDEV from dune cached builds during opam dependency
    installations by enabling dune cache copy mode
  =E2=80=A2 uses opam-2.3 explicitly, since the default opam in the Dockerh=
ub
    images is quite old (luckily opam-2.3 is already there, just needs
    to be invoked explicitly)
  =E2=80=A2 sets the default solver to 0install. This seems to be needed to
    speed up `opam install' even when `--locked' is used and no
    dependency resolution is needed. Otherwise it was spending 4s
    checking the solver request.
  =E2=80=A2 sets appropriate uid in cache mounts to avoid permission issues

  Caveats:
  =E2=80=A2 if you use git submodules then you have to add `.git' to your
    `.dockerignore'. Otherwise opam pinning will fail, since `.git' is a
    file referencing a git dir in a parent dir that is not mounted
    inside the docker build environment
  =E2=80=A2 maybe =E2=80=93dev should be used if you intend to use the cont=
ainer for
    developing the opam application. Although in that case you might
    also want to preinstall some useful tools like `lsp', and
    `ocamlformat'.

  Eventually I hope this can be simplified using Dune's new package
  management feature.


opam 2.4.0~rc1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  We are happy to announce the first release candidate of opam 2.4.0.

  This is hopefully the first and last release candidate for opam 2.4,
  so we invite users to test it to spot previously unnoticed bugs as we
  soon head to the stable release.


Changes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 :woman_scientist: Fix a regression in `opam switch create '
    not working when all compilers of that version are flagged with
    `avoid-version'. This would have prevented users to use commands
    such as `opam switch create 5.4.0~alpha1' ([#6563]).

  =E2=80=A2 :high_speed_train: Improve performance of `opam update' for use=
rs of
    local repositories that happen to be git repositories (for example
    if you've ever used `opam repository add --kind local' or
    similar). In particular the new OCaml implementation of patch, does
    not scan those VCS directories anymore, which made opam use a lot of
    RAM unnecessarily ([#6560]).

  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] to read about the other more
  minor changes, and for even more details you can take a look at the
  [release note] or the [changelog].


[#6563] 

[#6560] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.4.0~rc1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0~rc1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please report any issues to the [bug-tracker].

  Happy hacking, <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[bug-tracker] 


Js_of_ocaml 6.1.0 / Wasm_of_ocaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hhugo announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the joint release of js_of_ocaml 6.1.0 and
  wasm_of_ocaml.

  Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes
  it possible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like
  browsers and Node.js.

  [Wasm_of_ocaml] is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to WebAssembly. It
  is highly compatible with Js_of_ocaml, so you can compile your
  programs with wasm_of_ocaml instead of js_of_ocaml and experience
  overall better performance.

  Most significant changes:

  =E2=80=A2 A lot of effort was spent on optimizing compilation speed and
    compile-time memory usage. we're seeing up to 4x compilation speed
    improvement in some cases.

  See the [Changelog] for other changes.


[Wasm_of_ocaml]


[Changelog]



Announcing Raven: Scientific Computing for OCaml (Alpha Release)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm excited to announce the alpha release of [Raven], a modern
  scientific computing ecosystem for OCaml.


[Raven] 

What is Raven?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Raven is a collection of libraries and tools for numerical computing
  and machine learning, including:

  =E2=80=A2 *Nx:* Multi-dimensional arrays with NumPy-like operations and
     pluggable backends (now pure OCaml, C FFI, Metal, next CUDA,
     WebGPU, etc.) - our equivalent of NumPy
  =E2=80=A2 *Rune:* Automatic differentiation and device placement, building
     toward JIT compilation - our equivalent of Jax
  =E2=80=A2 *Kaun:* Deep learning framework inspired by [Flax]/[PyTorch], b=
uilt
     on Rune
  =E2=80=A2 *Sowilo:* Computer vision library with differentiable operation=
s,
     build on Rune
  =E2=80=A2 *Hugin:* Plotting library for data visualization - our equivale=
nt of
     matplotlib
  =E2=80=A2 *Quill:* Markdown-first interactive notebooks - very different =
from
     Jupyter, but our answer to interactive notebooks

  The ecosystem is designed to work together seamlessly, with Nx as the
  foundation, Rune providing differentiable computation, and
  domain-specific libraries building on top.


[Flax] 

[PyTorch] 


Getting Started
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Install Raven via opam:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam install raven
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here's a quick example showcasing automatic differentiation with Rune:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Rune
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (* Define a simple neural network layer *)
  =E2=94=82 let layer ~w ~b x =3D add (matmul x w) b
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (* Compute mean squared error loss *)
  =E2=94=82 let mse_loss ~w ~b x y =3D
  =E2=94=82   let pred =3D layer ~w ~b x in
  =E2=94=82   let diff =3D sub pred y in
  =E2=94=82   mean (mul diff diff)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let result =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* Choose device - Rune.ocaml, Rune.c, Rune.metal *)
  =E2=94=82   let dev =3D Rune.c in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   (* Initialize parameters on the device *)
  =E2=94=82   let w =3D randn dev float32 [| 3; 2 |] in
  =E2=94=82   let b =3D zeros dev float32 [| 2 |] in
  =E2=94=82   let x =3D randn dev float32 [| 10; 3 |] in
  =E2=94=82   let y =3D randn dev float32 [| 10; 2 |] in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   (* Compute loss and gradients *)
  =E2=94=82   let loss, grad_w =3D value_and_grad (fun w -> mse_loss ~w ~b =
x y) w in
  =E2=94=82   Printf.printf "Loss: %g\n" (unsafe_get [] loss);
  =E2=94=82   grad_w
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val result : (float, Rune.float32_elt, [ `c ]) Rune.t =3D
  =E2=94=82   [[-1.74967, 0.863766],
  =E2=94=82    [-0.140407, -0.269364],
  =E2=94=82    [0.593187, 0.0197736]]
  =E2=94=82 Loss: 2.13033
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For more examples and detailed documentation, visit [raven-ml.dev].


[raven-ml.dev] 


Why Raven?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Today's machine learning ecosystem is converging on frameworks built
  atop ML compilers: high-level Python APIs that build computation
  graphs, then JIT compile them for performance.

  In parallel, [JAX] and [Flax] have gained popularity with their
  functional APIs. For instance, JAX uses function transformations
  (grad, jit, vmap) to implements its core features.

  This is a landscape where OCaml has natural advantages. OCaml excels
  at building compilers, which includes ML compilers, and as a
  functional language, it's a more natural fit for functional ML APIs
  than Python with JAX.

  Given these technical advantages, Python's dominance comes down to
  developer experience: the massive ecosystem and excellent prototyping
  ergonomics. We believe that with the right tooling, OCaml can match
  Python's productivity for prototyping and exploratory work. And the
  ecosystem gap doesn't have any fundamental challenge: we "just" need
  to write a lot of code.

  If Raven succeeds, we believe it will offer a much more compelling
  alternative to Python: a language that enables rapid prototyping while
  eliminating the gap between exploration and production. You'll move
  from local development to production without switching languages,
  without separate teams, without maintaining two stacks.


[JAX] 

[Flax] 


Technical Highlights: Rune's autodiff engine
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  One interesting aspect of Raven is Rune's implementation of automatic
  differentiation using OCaml's effects system. As far as we know, this
  is the first production-scale autodiff engine built on effects,
  drawing on research by [Jesse Sigal] and earlier work by [KC
  Sivaramakrishnan].

  The architecture follows a modular design:
  =E2=80=A2 Pluggable backends in Nx allow implementation for different har=
dware
  =E2=80=A2 Rune implements an Nx backend that raises effects for all
    operations.
  =E2=80=A2 These effects are either caught by an effect handler (e.g. grad,
    jit), or, if unhandled, executed eagerly
  =E2=80=A2 This allows for composable effects handlers (e.g. grad (grad f)=
, jit
    (grad f), etc.)


[Jesse Sigal] 

[KC Sivaramakrishnan]



Technical Highlights: Quill Notebooks
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Quill reimagines interactive notebooks with a [Typora]like
  experience. Markdown renders live as you write, switching to raw
  markdown when you focus on a section for editing. This creates a
  natural writing experience where code blocks integrate naturally into
  your document.

  The result is a distraction-free notebook environmnet, that
  prioritizes focused writing, while still providing full editor
  features within code blocks (coming soon =E2=84=A2!).

  While still early, we're excited to see how the community reacts to
  Quill when it is stable enough for daily use - we really think it has
  the potential to offer a much better notebook experience for teaching,
  reading, and other workflows.


[Typora] 


Current Status
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This is an alpha release. APIs are stabilizing but may still
  change. Things will break - this is expected at this stage! If you
  encounter bugs, please open an issue on GitHub; community feedback is
  invaluable to get to a stable release.

  We're currently focused on:
  =E2=80=A2 Stabilizing core APIs for the 1.0 release
  =E2=80=A2 Writing documentation and user guides
  =E2=80=A2 Supporting early users adoption (FFT, linear algebra, CUDA back=
end)

  Post-Alpha priorities include JIT compilation and stable Quill
  environment.


Building a Community
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  One bet we're taking with Raven is that it will allow a scientific and
  ML community in OCaml to flourish. As of now, it's still largely a
  one-person project. While I'm committed to its development, we really
  need to see the development of a larger community for a project of
  this size to survive.

  If you're interested in the project, the best thing you can do is to
  engage=E2=80=94whether by opening issues, reaching out, or
  contributing. Alongside reaching a first stable release, building a
  community is Raven's main priority from now on, so any kind of
  contribution or engagement will be deeply appreciated. If there's
  anything I can do to make Raven more welcoming and approachable, let
  me know.

  I've always believed that the best way to grow OCaml adoption is to
  provide killer apps for specific use cases (just like Rails did for
  Ruby). Raven's not quite there yet in terms of advantages over Python,
  but it can get there, and if that's something you'd like to contribute
  to, please reach out\!


Getting Involved
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Here are immediate ways to contribute as we work toward a stable
  release:

  *For users:*
  =E2=80=A2 Try the libraries with your workflows and report issues
  =E2=80=A2 Share feedback on API design and usability
  =E2=80=A2 Help test on different platforms and configurations

  *For contributors:*
  =E2=80=A2 Optimize eager execution backends while we build JIT compilation
  =E2=80=A2 Add missing NumPy/Jax/Flax operations to Nx/Rune/Kaun
  =E2=80=A2 Contribute examples and documentation

  Don't hesitate to reach out if you'd like to be involved closely with
  the core development:
  =E2=80=A2 JIT compilation
  =E2=80=A2 Stabilize Quill (many bugs to fix!)
  =E2=80=A2 New libraries

  *Resources:*
  =E2=80=A2 GitHub: 
  =E2=80=A2 Documentation: 
  =E2=80=A2 Contact: thibaut.mattio@gmail.com


Acknowledgments
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  I'd like to thank our early contributors and testers who have helped
  shape Raven:
  =E2=80=A2 @axrwl
  =E2=80=A2 @gabyfle
  =E2=80=A2 @hesterjeng
  =E2=80=A2 @ghennequin
  =E2=80=A2 @kayceesrk
  =E2=80=A2 @blueavee

  Special thanks to our GitHub sponsors for their support:
  =E2=80=A2 @daemonfire300
  =E2=80=A2 @gabyfle
  =E2=80=A2 @sabine

  Your feedback, contributions and support have been invaluable in
  getting Raven to this alpha release - thank you\!


Supporting Raven's Development
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As Raven grows, I'm looking for sustainable ways to continue
  dedicating time to the project. If you're an industrial user
  interested in using Raven for your machine learning or scientific
  computing needs, I'd love to talk about how we can work together.

  For individuals who want to support the project, I have a [GitHub
  Sponsors page]. Any contribution, no matter the size, is deeply
  appreciated and helps ensure Raven's continued development.


[GitHub Sponsors page] 


Slipshow!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, Paul-Elliot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Let's continue with a new release in this Slipshow thread. It's my
  _ginormous pleasure_ to announce the [opam release] of:


[opam release] 

Slipshow v0.3.0: The return of the subslips
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  As you can see, a crucial improvement is that releases are now
  named. Semver is boring, let's add a bit of fun in a serious world.

  The release name subtly suggests that subslips are back. Yes, subslips
  are back! Slipshow allows your presentation to be visually
  organized. Subslips are slips that are inside a slip. You can then
  "enter" it, go through it, and exit it to go back to the original
  slip.

  But a gif is worth a ginormous word, so here it is:

  [A demo of slipshow entering subslips]

  To obtain a similar effect, using the new release, you can simply do:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 We will discuss three topics:
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {style=3D"display:flex" children:slip}
  =E2=94=82 ----
  =E2=94=82 # Topic 1
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Content of the first topic
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82 # Topic 2
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Content of the second topic
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82 # Topic 3
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Content of the third topic
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If you want to separate the source in multiple file, it's easy:
  `{include src=3D"file/to/include.md"}'. And did you notice that `---'
  now act as group separators? At this point, let me just output the
  changelog (highligting some of them):


[A demo of slipshow entering subslips]


=E2=97=8A Compiler

  =E2=80=A2 *Fix file watching issues* by vendoring a (modified) irmin-watc=
her,
    and watching all files the presentation depends on (images, themes,
    =E2=80=A6) (#113)
  =E2=80=A2 Adds a favicon to the presentation file (*Slipshow now has a lo=
go!*)
    (#115)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix missing attributes on images (#117)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix missing mime type on images that made svg undisplayable (#1=
20)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix detection of math inside inline attributes (#124)
  =E2=80=A2 *Add `--dimension' to specify the dimension of the presentation
     (#131)*
  =E2=80=A2 Add less boring name for versions (#132)


=E2=97=8A Language

  =E2=80=A2 *Add `{include src=3D"path/to/file.md"}' to include a file in a=
nother
     (#114)*
  =E2=80=A2 Allow `pause' to have a target (#118)
  =E2=80=A2 Remove the need for `step' to execute actions (#118)
  =E2=80=A2 *Added support for subslips and slides (#118)*
  =E2=80=A2 Added pause blocks (#127)
  =E2=80=A2 *Use horizontal lines (`---') to group blocks (#129)*
  =E2=80=A2 Pass attributes to children with `children:' (#130)
  =E2=80=A2 Consistently remove the need for `-at-unpause' (#133)


=E2=97=8A Engine

  =E2=80=A2 Simplify table of content by removing preview (#118)
  =E2=80=A2 *Fix wrong computation of location (#118, #119)*
  =E2=80=A2 *Improve zooming behaviour (everywhere) and performance (on
     chrome-based browsers=E2=80=A6) (#121)*
    =E2=80=A2 If someone has some expertise on how to improve performance on
      firefox, I'm interested!
  =E2=80=A2 Add PageUp and PageDown as navigation keys, adding support for
    pointers (#126)
  =E2=80=A2 Do not act when control is pressed (#126)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix wrong positioning on scaled slips (#128)


=E2=97=8A Credits

  Thanks to the NLNet foundation for supporting this project!


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Weeks 24-27]
  =E2=80=A2 [The week that was - 2025 w27]
  =E2=80=A2 [Improving Memory Profiler Visualisations for OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [The Hell of Tetra Master]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Weeks 24-27] 

[The week that was - 2025 w27]


[Improving Memory Profiler Visualisations for OCaml]


[The Hell of Tetra Master]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 01 to 08, 2025.

    



    

    OCaml security team
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-security-team/16902/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
We are starting an effort to push security into OCaml. This is based on dis=
cussions in the OCaml Software Foundation with industry partners. The main =
goal is to have best practises similar to those of other programming langua=
ge ecosystems.

    

    

    

    Reporting security issues
    

    

    
This entails a point of contact for the security team - which deals with co=
mmunication between the person who found a security-relevant problem in OCa=
ml software (named "reporter"), who can then contact us - the security team=
 - instead of using a public bug tracker, and the upstream OCaml developer(=
s).

    


    
We, the security team, will establish the three-way communication, and sinc=
e we have a documented security disclosure process (which will be published=
 soon), we will guide everyone through the process and ensure that timeline=
s are met, CVE numbers are assigned, …

    

    

    

    

    Team composition
    

    

    
The OCaml security team currently consists of individual security experts a=
nd individuals representing company sponsors of the OCaml Software Foundati=
on. Individual members participating on a personal capacity may be compensa=
ted for their time from the OCaml Software Foundation.

    


    
The team currently consists of 7 members

    



    
We're in the process to formalise the responsibilities of the team, our pro=
posed disclosure process, and how to join & leave the team.

    

    

    

    

    Funding for security actions
    

    

    
In complement to the security disclosure process, we will accept funding re=
quests for projects that make OCaml more secure (including guidelines how t=
o develop OCaml in a secure way/what are common pitfalls; static analysis; =
dissemination tools; …). The OCaml Software Foundation will provide =
funding for these security actions. After this summer we will discuss this =
in more depth with the community.

    

    

    

    

    Next steps
    

    

    
We will setup a website (similar to https://www.haskell.org/security/ has) soon, and provide an emai=
l address for contacting us - security At ocamlDoT org is forwarding to our=
 team. We plan to setup a mailing list for security announcements.

    


    
But more on that at a later point, this brief post is mainly about the fact=
 that this team starts to exist now, and is working on improving the securi=
ty story of OCaml.

    


    
If you have any questions for now, please feel free to discuss them in this=
 announcement. Please be aware that it is vacation time soon, so we may not=
 be very responsive.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Dockerfile for building an OPAM application, with dune/apt/opa=
m caching
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/dockerfile-for-building-an-opam-application-with-dune-apt-opam-cachin=
g/16906/1

    

    

    

    Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k announced
    

    

    
I was writing some dockerfiles for building some OCaml applications recentl=
y, and realized that it is possible to write a Dockerfile that can build al=
most arbitrary Opam applications without even having to hardcode the packag=
e name.

    


    
I used ocaml-dockerfile to generate it (only the OS and OCaml =
version is hardcoded), so I thought I'd share it, it should work with both =
Podman and Docker:

    


    # syntax=3Ddocker/dockerfile:1

FROM ocaml/opam:debian-12-ocaml-4.14

# Update the opam repository (otherwise lockfile may contain a version we d=
on't know about)
RUN git -C /home/opam/opam-repository pull origin master && opam-2.=
3 update

# Enable the dune cache in copy mode
# (hardlink mode would fail with EXDEV if cache is on separate disk/partiti=
on)
# This caches the build of opam dependencies using dune and the main applic=
ation
ENV DUNE_CACHE=3D"enabled" DUNE_CACHE_STORAGE_MODE=3D"copy"

# `apt` in containers is usually configured to always clean up after operat=
ions
# When we have a cache mount for the APT package cache we don't want to cle=
an up, since the cache would be ineffective.
# Also change OPAM to use the 0install solver, this is faster, especially w=
hen a lockfile is present.
RUN sudo rm -f /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-clean && \
  opam-2.3 option solver=3Dbuiltin-0install

# Use a workdir outside of $HOME, to avoid having .opam as a subdir of the =
build
WORKDIR /app
# Copy dependency definitions first. See https://docs.docker.com/build/cach=
e/optimize/#order-your-layers
COPY [ "*.opam", "*.opam.locked", "." ]

# Install and cache system packages required by the build
# The cache is locked, so multiple container builds will wait here
# (apt would have a lock but it is stored outside of the cache dir, so we c=
annot rely on it to prevent concurrent accesses)
# A cache id is used, so that different distros would have different cache =
folders
RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,id=3D/var/cache/apt#debian-12;amd64,target=3D/va=
r/cache/apt,sharing=3Dlocked \
    --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,id=3D/var/lib/apt#debian-12;amd64,target=3D/var/=
lib/apt,sharing=3Dlocked \
    sudo apt-get update -y && \
    opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test . --depext-only

# Download and cache opam package dependencies
# The cache is locked, so multiple container builds will wait here
# To minimize the time the lock is held the actual package installations ar=
e done as a separate step
RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.opam/download-cache,sharing=
=3Dlocked,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
    opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test . --download-only

# Install (cached) downloaded opam dependencies
# The download cache is mounted readonly and shared, multiple container bui=
lds can proceed in parallel.
# The dune cache is mounted RW.
# Multiple concurrent builds will use the same cache, but dune must already=
 be able to cope with this
# A cache id is used, so that different distros would have different cache =
folders (it is unlikely that dune caches would be sharable across distros)
RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.opam/download-cache,readonl=
y,sharing=3Dshared,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
    --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.cache/dune,sharing=3Dshared=
,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
    opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test . --deps-only

# Copy actual application source code
COPY [ ".", "." ]

# Build and install application code, using dune cache.
RUN --mount=3Dtype=3Dcache,target=3D/home/opam/.cache/dune,sharing=3Dshared=
,uid=3D1000,gid=3D1000 \
    opam-2.3 install --locked --with-test .

    


    
It avoids some common pitfalls:

    

      

    • disable cleanup of APT downloaded packages (otherwise caching is ineffe=
ctive)
      • 

    • enables the opam download cache too which is stored in a non-standard l=
ocation (~/.opam/download-cache instead of ~/.cache/opam=
)
      • 

    • avoids EXDEV from dune cached builds during opam dependency installatio=
ns by enabling dune cache copy mode
      • 

    • uses opam-2.3 explicitly, since the default opam in the Dockerhub image=
s is quite old (luckily opam-2.3 is already there, just needs to be invoked=
 explicitly)
      • 

    • sets the default solver to 0install. This seems to be needed to speed u=
p opam install even when --locked is used and no =
dependency resolution is needed. Otherwise it was spending 4s checking the =
solver request.
      • 

    • sets appropriate uid in cache mounts to avoid permission issues
      • 

    


    
Caveats:

    

      

    • if you use git submodules then you have to add .git to you=
r .dockerignore. Otherwise opam pinning will fail, since .git is a file referencing a git dir in a parent dir that is not mo=
unted inside the docker build environment
      • 

    • maybe –dev should be used if you intend to use the container for=
 developing the opam application. Although in that case you might also want=
 to preinstall some useful tools like lsp, and ocamlform=
at.
      • 

    


    
Eventually I hope this can be simplified using Dune's new package managemen=
t feature.

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.4.0~rc1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-4-0-rc1/16910/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy to announce the first release candidate of opam 2.4.0.

    


    
This is hopefully the first and last release candidate for opam 2.4, so we =
invite users to test it to spot previously unnoticed bugs as we soon head t=
o the stable release.

    

    

    

    Changes
    

    

      

    • :woman_scientist: Fix a regression in opam switch create <vers=
ion> not working when all compilers of that version are flagged w=
ith avoid-version. This would have prevented users to use comm=
ands such as opam switch create 5.4.0~alpha1 (#6563).
      • 


    • :high_speed_train: Improve performance of opam update for =
users of local repositories that happen to be git repositories (for example=
 if you've ever used opam repository add --kind local or simil=
ar). In particular the new OCaml implementation of patch, does not scan tho=
se VCS directories anymore, which made opam use a lot of RAM unnecessarily =
(#6560).
      • 

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post to read about the other more minor changes, and for=
 even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
4.0~rc1"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0~rc1"

    


    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Js_of_ocaml 6.1.0 / Wasm_of_ocaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-js-of-ocaml-6-1-0-wasm-of=
-ocaml/16912/1

    

    

    

    Hhugo announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the joint release of js_of_ocaml 6.1.0 and =
wasm_of_ocaml.

    


    
Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes it po=
ssible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like browsers a=
nd Node.js.

    


    
Wasm_of=
_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to WebAssembly. It is highly c=
ompatible with Js_of_ocaml, so you can compile your programs with wasm_of_o=
caml instead of js_of_ocaml and experience overall better performance.

    


    
Most significant changes:

    


      

    • A lot of effort was spent on optimizing compilation speed and compile-t=
ime memory usage. we're seeing up to 4x compilation speed improvement in so=
me cases.
      • 

    


    
See the Changelog for other changes.

    

    

    

    

    

    Announcing Raven: Scientific Computing for OCaml (Alpha Releas=
e)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann=
ouncing-raven-scientific-computing-for-ocaml-alpha-release/16913/1

    

    

    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
I'm excited to announce the alpha release of Raven, a modern scientific computing ecosystem for OCam=
l.

    

    

    

    What is Raven?
    

    

    
Raven is a collection of libraries and tools for numerical computing and ma=
chine learning, including:

    


      

    • Nx: Multi-dimensional arrays with NumPy-like operations and plug=
gable backends (now pure OCaml, C FFI, Metal, next CUDA, WebGPU, etc.) - ou=
r equivalent of NumPy
      • 

    • Rune: Automatic differentiation and device placement, building t=
oward JIT compilation - our equivalent of Jax
      • 

    • Kaun: Deep learning framework inspired by Flax/PyTorch,=
 built on Rune
      • 

    • Sowilo: Computer vision library with differentiable operations, =
build on Rune
      • 

    • Hugin: Plotting library for data visualization - our equivalent =
of matplotlib
      • 

    • Quill: Markdown-first interactive notebooks - very different fro=
m Jupyter, but our answer to interactive notebooks
      • 

    


    
The ecosystem is designed to work together seamlessly, with Nx as the found=
ation, Rune providing differentiable computation, and domain-specific libra=
ries building on top.

    

    

    

    

    Getting Started
    

    

    
Install Raven via opam:

    


    opam install raven

    


    
Here's a quick example showcasing automatic differentiation with Rune:

    


    

    open Rune

(* Define a simple neural network lay=
er *)
let layer ~w=
 ~b =
x =3D add (matmul x w) b

(* Compute mean squared error loss *)
let mse_loss ~w ~b x y =3D
  let pred =3D layer ~w ~b x in
  let diff =3D sub pred y in
  mean (mul diff diff)

let result =3D
  (* Choose device - Rune.ocaml, Rune.c=
, Rune.metal *)<=
/span>
  let dev =3D Rune.c in

  (* Initialize parameters on the devic=
e *)
  let w =3D randn dev float32 [| 3; 2 |] in
  let b =3D zeros dev float32 [| 2 |] in
  let x =3D randn dev float32 [| 10; 3 |] in
  let y =3D randn dev float32 [| 10; 2 |] in

  (* Compute loss and gradients<=
span style=3D"color: #8f6f4a; font-style: italic;"> *)
  let loss, grad_w =3D value_and_grad (fun w -> mse_loss ~w ~b x=
 y) w in
  Printf.printf "Loss: %g\n" (unsafe_get [] loss);
  grad_w

    

    


    val result : (float, Rune.float32_elt, [ `c ]) Rune.t =3D
  [[-1.74967, 0.863766],
   [-0.140407, -0.269364],
   [0.593187, 0.0197736]]
Loss: 2.13033

    


    
For more examples and detailed documentation, visit raven-ml.dev.

    

    

    

    

    Why Raven?
    

    

    
Today's machine learning ecosystem is converging on frameworks built atop M=
L compilers: high-level Python APIs that build computation graphs, then JIT=
 compile them for performance.

    


    
In parallel, JAX and Flax have gained popularity with th=
eir functional APIs. For instance, JAX uses
function transformations (grad, jit, vmap) to implements its core features.

    


    
This is a landscape where OCaml has natural advantages. OCaml excels at bui=
lding compilers, which includes ML compilers, and as a functional language,=
 it's a more natural fit for functional ML APIs than Python with JAX.

    


    
Given these technical advantages, Python's dominance comes down to develope=
r experience: the massive ecosystem and excellent prototyping ergonomics. W=
e believe that with the right tooling, OCaml can match Python's productivit=
y for prototyping and exploratory work. And the ecosystem gap doesn't have =
any fundamental challenge: we "just" need to write a lot of code.

    


    
If Raven succeeds, we believe it will offer a much more compelling alternat=
ive to Python: a language that enables rapid prototyping while eliminating =
the gap between exploration and production. You'll move from local developm=
ent to production without switching languages, without separate teams, with=
out maintaining two stacks.

    

    

    

    

    Technical Highlights: Rune's autodiff engine
    

    

    
One interesting aspect of Raven is Rune's implementation of automatic diffe=
rentiation using OCaml's effects system. As far as we know, this is the fir=
st production-scale autodiff engine built on effects, drawing on research b=
y Jesse Siga=
l and earlier work by KC Sivaramakrishn=
an.

    


    
The architecture follows a modular design:

    

      

    • Pluggable backends in Nx allow implementation for different hardware

    • Rune implements an Nx backend that raises effects for all operations.

    • These effects are either caught by an effect handler (e.g. grad, jit), =
or, if unhandled, executed eagerly
      • 

    • This allows for composable effects handlers (e.g. grad (grad f), jit (g=
rad f), etc.)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Technical Highlights: Quill Notebooks
    

    

    
Quill reimagines interactive notebooks with a Typora­like experience. Markdown renders live as you write, sw=
itching to raw markdown when you focus on a section for editing. This creat=
es a natural writing experience where code blocks integrate naturally into =
your document.

    


    
The result is a distraction-free notebook environmnet, that prioritizes foc=
used writing, while still providing full editor features within code blocks=
 (coming soon =E2=84=A2!).

    


    
While still early, we're excited to see how the community reacts to Quill w=
hen it is stable enough for daily use - we really think it has the potentia=
l to offer a much better notebook experience for teaching, reading, and oth=
er workflows.

    

    

    

    

    Current Status
    

    

    
This is an alpha release. APIs are stabilizing but may still change. Things=
 will break - this is expected at this stage! If you encounter bugs, please=
 open an issue on GitHub; community feedback is invaluable to get to a stab=
le release.

    


    
We're currently focused on:

    

      

    • Stabilizing core APIs for the 1.0 release
      • 

    • Writing documentation and user guides
      • 

    • Supporting early users adoption (FFT, linear algebra, CUDA backend)
      • 

    


    
Post-Alpha priorities include JIT compilation and stable Quill environment.

    

    

    

    

    Building a Community
    

    

    
One bet we're taking with Raven is that it will allow a scientific and ML c=
ommunity in OCaml to flourish. As of now, it's still largely a one-person p=
roject. While I'm committed to its development, we really need to see the d=
evelopment of a larger community for a project of this size
to survive.

    


    
If you're interested in the project, the best thing you can do is to engage=
=E2=80=94whether by opening issues, reaching out, or contributing. Alongsid=
e reaching a first stable release, building a community is Raven's main pri=
ority from now on, so any kind of contribution or engagement will be deeply=
 appreciated. If there's anything I can do to make Raven more welcoming and=
 approachable, let
me know.

    


    
I've always believed that the best way to grow OCaml adoption is to provide=
 killer apps for specific use cases (just like Rails did for Ruby). Raven's=
 not quite there yet in terms of advantages over Python, but it can get the=
re, and if that's something you'd like to contribute to, please reach out\!

    

    

    

    

    Getting Involved
    

    

    
Here are immediate ways to contribute as we work toward a stable release:

    


    
For users:

    

      

    • Try the libraries with your workflows and report issues
      • 

    • Share feedback on API design and usability
      • 

    • Help test on different platforms and configurations
      • 

    


    
For contributors:

    

      

    • Optimize eager execution backends while we build JIT compilation
      • 

    • Add missing NumPy/Jax/Flax operations to Nx/Rune/Kaun
      • 

    • Contribute examples and documentation
      • 

    


    
Don't hesitate to reach out if you'd like to be involved closely with the c=
ore development:

    

      

    • JIT compilation
      • 

    • Stabilize Quill (many bugs to fix!)
      • 

    • New libraries
      • 

    


    
Resources:

    


    

    

    

    Acknowledgments
    

    

    
I'd like to thank our early contributors and testers who have helped shape =
Raven:

    

      

    • @axrwl
      • 

    • @gabyfle
      • 

    • @hesterjeng
      • 

    • @ghennequin
      • 

    • @kayceesrk
      • 

    • @blueavee
      • 

    


    
Special thanks to our GitHub sponsors for their support:

    

      

    • @daemonfire300
      • 

    • @gabyfle
      • 

    • @sabine
      • 

    


    
Your feedback, contributions and support have been invaluable in getting Ra=
ven to this alpha release - thank you\!

    

    

    

    

    Supporting Raven's Development
    

    

    
As Raven grows, I'm looking for sustainable ways to continue dedicating tim=
e to the project. If you're an industrial user interested in using Raven fo=
r your machine learning or scientific computing needs, I'd love to talk abo=
ut how we can work together.

    


    
For individuals who want to support the project, I have a GitHub Sponsors page. Any contribution, =
no matter the size, is deeply appreciated and helps ensure Raven's continue=
d development.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/8

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
Let's continue with a new release in this Slipshow thread. It's my ginormous pleasure to announce the opam release of:

    

    

    

    Slipshow v0.3.0: The return of the subslips
    

    

    
As you can see, a crucial improvement is that releases are now named. Semve=
r is boring, let's add a bit of fun in a serious world.

    


    
The release name subtly suggests that subslips are back. Yes, subslips are =
back! Slipshow allows your presentation to be visually organized. Subslips =
are slips that are inside a slip. You can then "enter" it, go through it, a=
nd exit it to go back to the original slip.

    


    
But a gif is worth a ginormous word, so here it is:

    


    
A demo of slipshow entering subslips

    


    
To obtain a similar effect, using the new release, you can simply do:

    


    

    We will discuss three topics:

{style=3D"display:flex" children:slip}
----
# Topic 1

Content of the first topic

---
# Topic 2

Content of the second topic

---
# Topic 3

Content of the third topic

    

    


    
If you want to separate the source in multiple file, it's easy: {incl=
ude src=3D"file/to/include.md"}. And did you notice that --- now act as group separators? At this point, let me just output the ch=
angelog (highligting some of them):

    

    

      

    • Compiler
      

      

        

      • Fix file watching issues by vendoring a (modified) irmin-watcher=
, and watching
all files the presentation depends on (images, themes, …) (#113)
        • 

      • Adds a favicon to the presentation file (Slipshow now has a logo!) (#115)
        • 

      • Fix missing attributes on images (#117)
        • 

      • Fix missing mime type on images that made svg undisplayable (#120)
        • 

      • Fix detection of math inside inline attributes (#124)
        • 

      • Add --dimension to specify the dimension of the present=
ation (#131)
        • 

      • Add less boring name for versions (#132)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Language
      

      

        

      • Add {include src=3D"path/to/file.md"} to include a file=
 in another (#114)
        • 

      • Allow pause to have a target (#118)
        • 

      • Remove the need for step to execute actions (#118)
        • 

      • Added support for subslips and slides (#118)
        • 

      • Added pause blocks (#127)
        • 

      • Use horizontal lines (---) to group blocks (#129)

      • Pass attributes to children with children: (#130)
        • 

      • Consistently remove the need for -at-unpause (#133)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Engine
      

      

        

      • Simplify table of content by removing preview (#118)
        • 

      • Fix wrong computation of location (#118, #119)
        • 

      • Improve zooming behaviour (everywhere) and performance (on chrome-ba=
sed browsers…) (#121)

          

        • If someone has some expertise on how to improve performance on firefox,=
 I'm interested!
          • 

        • 

      • Add PageUp and PageDown as navigation keys, adding support for pointers=
 (#126)
        • 

      • Do not act when control is pressed (#126)
        • 

      • Fix wrong positioning on scaled slips (#128)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Credits
      

      

      
Thanks to the NLNet foundation for supporting this project!

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 15 to 22, 2025.

    



    

    Third outreachy internship blog
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/third-outreachy-internship-blog/1=
6984/1

    

    

    

    Matthew Idungafa announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone, it's the mid-point of my oureachy internship with Dune and =
here's my third blog post=20

    


    
In this article, I talk a bit more about the ocaml ecosystem in general and=
 offer some insights to devs who would want to contribute to the ocaml ecos=
ytem in subsequent internships.

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.4.0 is out!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-4-0-is-out/16989/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are extremely happy to announce the release of opam 2.4.0 and encourage =
all users to upgrade.

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s new? Some highlights:
    

    

      

    • :dragon_face: On opam init the compiler chosen for =
the default switch will no longer be ocaml-system (#3509)
This was done because the system compiler (as-is your ocaml installed syste=
m wide, e.g. /usr/bin/ocaml) is known to be under-tested and prone to a var=
iety of bugs and configuration issues.
Removing it from the default compiler allows new-comers a more smooth exper=
ience.
Note: if you wish to use it anyway, you are always able to do it explici=
tly using opam init --compiler=3Docaml-system
      • 


    • :dragon: In the same vein, opam switch create [name] <versi=
on> will not include compiler packages flagged with =
avoid-version / deprecated in the generated invaria=
nt anymore, unless compiler flagged avoid-version / depr=
ecated are the only ones available (#6494)
Note: if you wish to use ocaml-system, you can simply say i=
t explicitly using opam switch create [name] ocaml-system<=
/li>


    • :yarn: opam install --deps-only no longer requires unic=
ity of package version between the request and the installed<=
/b> packages. In other words, if you have pkg.1 installed, ins=
talling the dependencies of pkg.2 no longer removes pkg.=
1 if the installed packages are compatible. This also allows to inst=
all dependencies of conflicting packages when their dependencies are compli=
ant. (#6520)
      • 


    • :camel: GNU patch and the diff =
command are no longer runtime dependencies. Instead the OCaml =
patch library is used (#6019, #=
6052, #3782, =
ocaml/setup-ocaml=
#933)
Doing this we've removed some rarely used features of GNU Patch such as the=
 support of Context diffs.
The new implementation only supports Unified diffs includ=
ing the git extended heade=
rs, however file permission changes via said extended headers have no e=
ffect.
      • 


    • :snowflake: Add Nix support for external dependencies (depext=
s) by adding support for stateless package managers (#5982). Thanks to @RyanGibb for this contribution
      • 


    • :cockroach: Fix opam install <local_dir> with=
 and without options like --deps-only or --show-action having unexpected behaviours (#6248, #5567) such as:

        

      • reporting Nothing to do despite dependencies or package no=
t being up-to-date
        • 

      • asking to install the wrong dependencies
        • 

      • 


    • :window: The prebuilt Windows binary now includes Cygwin's set=
up-x86_64.exe in the binary itself as fallback in case cygwin.com is inaccessible (#6538). Opam will also no longer fail if cygwin=
.com is inaccessible when checking for upgrades of setup-x86_6=
4.exe (#6495, #6474)
      • 


    • :ocean: Many more UI additions and improvements, bug fixes, =E2=80=A6

    


    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for the full list of important changes, and for even mo=
re details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
4.0"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0"

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    


    
I'd also like to personally give a special thanks to the whole haematolo=
gy department of the NHS Greater Glasgow for making my continued existence =
and this release =E2=80=93 in the state that it is =E2=80=93 possible. Figh=
ting cancer is not easy but it is much more bearable with great people <=
3

    

    

    

    

    

    Kate later added
    

    

    
[NOTE] We have had reports of a regression in some cases when using pin=
-depends. We have a fix and we're planning to have 2.4.1 out in =
a couple days.

    

    

    

    

    

    x-ocaml, notebooks as a webcomponent
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-x-ocaml-notebooks-as-=
a-webcomponent/16996/1

    

    

    

    art-w announced
    

    

    
Dear internets,

    


    
I would like to share x-=
ocaml, a little project to make it easier to share executable OC=
aml examples on the web. To enable readers to experiment with the code, x-ocaml integrates the CodeMirror editor with the js_of_oca=
ml-toplevel interpreter, Merlin and OCamlformat. You only need to ad=
d the following in your html page to use it:

    


    

    <scrip=
t async
  src=3D"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/art-w/x-ocaml.js@5/x-ocaml.js"
  src-worker=3D"https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/art-w/x-ocaml.js@5/x-ocaml.worker+e=
ffects.js"
></script>

    

    


    
This script will introduce a new HTML tag <x-ocaml> to p=
resent your OCaml code:

    


    

    <x-oca=
ml>let it =3D "be"</x-ocaml>

    

    


    
The online demo sho=
ws a couple more examples and configuration options. In particular, there i=
s a command-line tool in the g=
ithub repo to export OCaml libraries and load them into your page:

    


    $ x-ocaml --effects digestif.ocaml -o digestif.js
# then use <script async src=3D"..." src-worker=3D"..." src-load=3D"dige=
stif.js">

    


    
I believe this could be very useful in tutorials or documentation to showca=
se your favorite OCaml libraries.

    


    
While searching how to implement this, I discovered sketch.sh which had so many good ideas and that we should use a =
lot more! My hope is that x-ocaml can provide a similar notebo=
ok experience for the rest of the web, by being easy to integrate in static=
 webpages.

    


    
Besides the js_of_ocaml authors and the many OCaml playgrounds=
 that have inspired this project, I would like to address some special than=
ks to:

    

      

    • @patricoferris for the jsoo-code-mirror bindings, and for the xocmd tool t=
o convert markdown files to use <x-ocaml> tags
      • 

    • @vds for integrating Merlin with javascript and CodeMirror in merlin-js
      • 

    • @juloo for his assistance on the ocamlformat support
      • 

    • @kayceesrk for reporting issues and requesting features which have made=
 the tool a lot more robust and versatile! His blogpost "Testing x-ocaml, OCa=
ml notebooks as a WebComponent" also provides a longer example of what =
can be done with it (and the limitations you might run into)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/33

    

    

    

    Puneeth Chaganti announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! :camel:=20

    


    
We will hold our regular Dune dev meeting on Wednesday, July, 23 at 9:00=
 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are open! The goal of th=
ese meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together and=
 synchronize between the Dune developers :smile:=20

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if y=
ou want to add more items in it.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Lwt.6.0.0~alpha (direct-style)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-6-0-0-alpha-direct-styl=
e/16972/26

    

    

    

    Deep in this thread, Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced

    

    
version 6.0.0~alpha01 is now ready (https://github.com/ocaml/opam-reposit=
ory/pull/28222)

    


    
Anyone able to test the release on their existing code, I'd welcome the fee=
dback: does it work? There shouldn't be breakages but then there might. If =
you are not sure how to test or what to test, don't hesitate to ask (on her=
e or via dm or via discord).

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 29 Jul 2025 11:36:26 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 22 to 29, 2025.

    



    

    opam 2.4.1
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-4-1/17002/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
Following up the regression reported a couple of days ago affecting some use=
rs of pin-depends, we are releasing 2.4.1.

    


    
You can read our blog p=
ost for relevant links and details.

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
4.1"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.4.1"

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    new tools to keep your projects clean (after AI, or just after=
 yourself)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/ann-new-tools-to-keep-your-projects-clean-after-ai-or-just-after-y=
ourself/17004/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
Hi all,

    


    
I=E2=80=99ve been experimenting with AI code assistants lately. They=E2=80=
=99re surprisingly good at generating new code but it's not very good at re=
membering things: it's like having a steady stream of good interns spending=
 a few months on a project to expand it in one direction and then just disa=
ppearing. They produce a lot of code quickly, but that also means they leav=
e a lot behind: unused definitions, inconsistent style, and half-finished r=
efactorings.

    


    
Since I couldn=E2=80=99t keep up with reviewing code at the speed these AI =
assistants generate it, I ended up writing (with their help) a couple of to=
ols to clean things up.

    


      

    • prune: rem=
oves top-level definitions (values, types, constructors, etc.) that are exp=
osed in .mli files but unused elsewhere in the codebase. It re=
lies on merlin occurrences to find unused identifiers and pars=
es compiler warnings to clean up any breakage (see warning.mli for the full =
list of handled cases).
      • 


    • merlint:=
 runs a set of small static checks using Merlin, ppxlib, and s=
ome basic Dune file parsing. It looks for things like code complexity, docu=
mentation style, test organisation, etc. This is all very specific to my ow=
n style of writing OCaml code but can be made configurable (a bit). See here for the full list of ru=
les (suggestions welcome to add/change some of them).
      • 

    


    
I originally wrote these to deal with AI-generated code, but they=E2=80=99v=
e been useful on more conventional OCaml projects too, especially older one=
s or ones with many contributors or the ones that I wrote a long time ago.

    


    
Both are still evolving but they=E2=80=99ve made my workflow a bit smoother=
 already. Feedback and suggestions welcome. I'm still undecided if I should=
 publish those to opam or not.

    


    
Thomas

    

    

    

    

    

    First beta release for OCaml 5.4.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-beta-release-for-ocaml-5=
-4-0/17009/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Two months after the release of the first alpha for OCaml 5.4.0, the releas=
e of OCaml 5.4.0 is drawing near.

    


    
The internal API of the compiler libraries has been frozen, and most core d=
eveloper tools support (or will support soon) the new version of the compil=
er.

    


    
We have thus released a first beta version of OCaml 5.4.0 to help you updat=
e your softwares and libraries ahead of the release (see below for the inst=
allation instructions) [^1].

    


    
Compared to the first alpha release, this beta release brings two notable c=
hanges. First, this beta partially reverts the changes of symbol names in e=
xecutable (in order to keep current version of perf working wi=
th OCaml executable). Second, this beta fixes a significant performance iss=
ue on Apple Silicon macOS.

    


    
Beyond these two changes, this first beta release contains a dozen of=20
small bug fixes (from the runtime to the error messages) which is usual for
the stage of the release. We are expecting the release candidate to follow=
=20
this beta release soon in the beginning of August.

    


    
The progresses on stabilising the ecosystem are tracked on the opam readiness for 5.=
4.0 meta-issue.

    


    
The full release is expected in the middle of August, see the new prosp=
ective calendar for more information.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the new OCa=
ml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.4.0 is available on GitHub.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.4.0~beta1

    


    
The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

    



    

      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      


      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.4.0~beta1+options &=
lt;option_list>

      


      
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

      


      opam switch create 5.4.0~beta1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.4.0~beta1+opti=
ons ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      


      
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Changes since the first alpha
    

    

    

      

    • Code generation fixes
      

      

        

      • (breaking change) #13050, #14104, +#14=
143: Use '$' instead of '.' to separate module names
in symbol names on macOS and Windows (including the Cygwin backend).
This changes mangling of OCaml identifiers on those operating systems from
 camlModule.name_NNN to camlModule$name_NNN. Addi=
tionally it
 changes the encoding of special characters from $xx (two hex digits)
 to $$xx (two dollar signs followed by two hex digits).
 (Tim McGilchrist, with contributions from Xavier Leroy,
  reviewed by Xavier Leroy, Miod Vallat, Gabriel Scherer,
  Nick Barnes and Hugo Heuzard)
        • 


      • #14088, #14091: fix non-de=
terministic code generation in
matching.ml (backport of rescript-lang/rescript#7557)
(Christiano Calgano, review by Gabriel Scherer and Vincent Laviron)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Performance fix
      

      

        

      • #13262, #14074: fix perfor=
mance issue on Apple Silicon macOS by emitting
stlr instead of dmb ishld; str.
(KC Sivaramakrishnan, report by Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier, analysis by Fr=C3=A9=
d=C3=A9ric Bour,
Xavier Leroy, Miod Vallat, Gabriel Scherer and Stephen Dolan, review by Miod
Vallat, Vincent Laviron and Xavier Leroy)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Standard library fix:
      

      

        

      • (breaking change) #14124: Do not raise Invalid_argument on negative List.{drop,=
take}.
(Daniel B=C3=BCnzli, review by Gabriel Scherer, Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r=
)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Runtime fix
      

      

        

      • #14057: Don=
't update memprof too early at the end of a minor GC.
(Nick Barnes, review by Damien Doligez).
        • 


      • #13586, #14093: Fix closin=
g an out_channel during flush
(Stephen Dolan, report by Jan Midtgaard, investigation by Nick Roberts,
 review by Antonin D=C3=A9cimo and Miod Vallat)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Error message fixes
      

      

        

      • #13956 Fix =
a regression introduced in #13308 triggering wrong unused warnings.
(Ulysse G=C3=A9rard, review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 


      • #14070: als=
o point to label mismatches in error messages for labelled tuples
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 


      • #14135: Fix=
 a rare internal typechecker error when combining recursive
modules, polymorphic fields or methods, and constrained type parameters.
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Compilerlibs fixes
      

      

        

      • #14105: Fix=
 a loop in Pprintast that could result in a hang when printing
constructor (::) in isolation.
(Ulysse G=C3=A9rard, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r and Florian Ange=
letti)
        • 


      • #14108: top=
level, fix a typo in directive type mismatch
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 


      • #14101, #14139: define ato=
mic helper types inside caml/misc.h to improve
header compatibility with C++
(Florian Angeletti, report by Kate Deplaix, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • OCamldoc fix
      

      

        

      • #13896, #14098: ocamldoc, =
do not wrap module description in a paragraph tag
inside the table of modules
(Florian Angeletti, report by John Whitington, review by Gabriel Scherer)

      


      
[^1]:More information about the whole release process is
now available in the compiler repository

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    


    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 05 Aug 2025 10:17:55 +0200
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 29 to August 05,=
 2025.

    



    

    My fourth Outreachy Internship Blog post
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/my-fourth-outreachy-inte=
rnship-blog-post/17027/1

    

    

    

    Matthew Idungafa announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone! I've just published my first midpoint Outreachy blog post a=
bout my progress contributing to Dune. You can read it here: https://medium.com/@mattidungafa/outreachy-internship-midpoint-post-f93=
33c9c3c86. Stay tuned for more updates!

    

    

    

    

    

    qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm 0.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-lin-and-qcheck-stm-0=
-2/12301/7

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
Version 0.9 of qcheck-lin, qcheck-stm, and =
qcheck-multicoretests-util is now available from your favorite opam =
repository! :tada:=20

    


    
The 0.9 release contains adjustments to the public interface of Lin in order to make it compatible with 5.5.0+trunk and also=
 switches the Util.Pp pretty printers to use QCheck.Prin=
t for consistency:

    


      

    • =
#566: Use QCheck.Print combinators in Util.Pp=
 too for consistency, e.g., to avoid that STM argument and res=
ult printer outputs differ.
      • 


    • =
#562: Fix the int32 and int64 printers in bot=
h Lin and STM to add missing l and <=
code>L suffixes on literals.
      • 


    • =
#560: Change Lin.{constructible,deconstructible} from an e=
mpty variant type
to an abstract type to get Lin compiling on 5.5.0+trunk<=
/code> again, due to =
ocaml/ocaml#13994 removing special handling of abstract and empty varia=
nts defined in the current module.
      • 

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    

    

    CRs Workflows: Invitation for Early Testing and Discussion
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/crs-wor=
kflows-invitation-for-early-testing-and-discussion/17036/1

    

    

    

    Mathieu Barbin announced
    

    

    
I just published a blog post about CRs Workflows, a new open source tool fo=
r managing code review comments embedded in source code, with reusable GitH=
ub Actions workflows. If you=E2=80=99re interested in trying it out or shar=
ing feedback, you can read more here: https://mbarbin.github.io/crs/blog/launc=
hing-crs-workflows/.

    


    
Thank you!

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml version of the "Build systems =C3=A0 la carte" paper
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-version=
-of-the-build-systems-a-la-carte-paper/17042/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
There is a great paper distilling several different build systems (Make, Ex=
cel, Bazel, etc.) into a unified framework. One of its authors is on the Du=
ne team (I think). If you want to understand or write build systems, it is =
a good read because it uses language that can be understood by non-academic=
s:

    


    
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-fu=
nctional-programming/article/build-systems-a-la-carte-theory-and-practice/0=
97CE52C750E69BD16B78C318754C7A4

    


    
All of its examples are in Haskell so I wrote a version in OCaml. Most of m=
y OCaml translation was aided by the English paragraphs rather than the Has=
kell code (the latter was hieroglyphics to me). Regardless, I=E2=80=99m fai=
rly sure some of the concepts don=E2=80=99t translate to OCaml well.

    


    
If you are interested in build systems, the first place to start is the tes=
t directory https://gitlab.com/dkml/build-too=
ls/MlFront/-/tree/V2_4/tests/MlFront_Thunk?ref_type=3Dheads (the =
alacarte_*.ml modules). The tests correspond to the paper=E2=80=99s =
section numbers, although there are also alacarte_x*.ml tests =
where I extended the framework. Then you can scan the source code at https://gitlab.com/dkml/build-tools/MlFront/-/tree/V2=
_4/src/MlFront_Thunk?ref_type=3Dheads (the Build*.ml and <=
code>Promise.ml modules).

    


    
PRs welcome!

    

    

    

    

    

    Dream development open video call
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dream-development-open-video-ca=
ll/17053/1

    

    

    

    Anton Bachin announced
    

    

    
Greetings!

    


    
We are planning to host the first Dream development video call with @sabine=
 on Discord on Friday, 8 August, at 9:00 AM Berlin time.

    


    
Please join #webdev on the OCaml Discord if you=E2=80=99d like to p=
articipate. I will handle questions about joining the meeting there. We wil=
l probably use one of the voice chat channels on the server (which supports=
 video).

    


    
The topic of the meeting will be discussing open PRs and getting them ready=
 for merge by our collective efforts, and needed improvements. We would lik=
e to put off conceptual and strategic discussions until the very end of the=
 meeting, or to a future date.

    


    
And please bear with us as we figure out what platform is best to use and h=
ow to use it :) We can=E2=80=99t promise that the first meeting will go wit=
hout any issues, but we will work out everything based on experience :)

    


    
Hope to see you there!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 05 to 12,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Slipshow!
Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
Dream development open video call
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Slipshow!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Paul-Elliot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is with some /bitter/ joy that I=E2=80=99m announcing the 0.4.1 versio=
n of
  Slipshow [on opam]:


[on opam] 

The slides strike back
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The main improvements of this version are the introduction of
  arguments to actions, a frontmatter, and improvements to slides.

  All together, they allow to easily design presentations the slides
  way:

  

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82 toplevel-attributes: {children:slide children:enter=3D"~duratio=
n:0"}
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Slide 1
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Content
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Slide 2
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Content
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Slide 3
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 You get it
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  So, why =E2=80=9C=E2=80=8B/bitter/ joy=E2=80=9D?

  I was reluctant to add good support for traditional slide-based
  presentation. There are already very good and mature solutions for
  this, including some with similar technical foundations as Slipshow. I
  was more interested in developping the new things: Slips!

  However, Slipshow starts to have useful features that competitor don=E2=
=80=99t
  always have (for instance: a self-contained html output! But more, and
  more to come). Also, for people who already have slide-based
  presentations, it makes it easier to migrate them, and use a single
  tool for old and new presentations!

  Finally, I wanted to make Slipshow a bit more versatile and added
  attributes, frontmatter, and a new options: `toplevel-attributes'. The
  proper slide support is actually just a nice consequence of this
  versatility! =F0=9F=A5=B3

  Here is the full changelog:

  =E2=80=A2 Fix `children:' not working sometimes
  =E2=80=A2 Add `--toplevel-attributes' to control the attributes on the
    toplevel container
  =E2=80=A2 Render slide titles as slide titles
  =E2=80=A2 Add arguments to actions
  =E2=80=A2 Add frontmatter

    You can now do

    =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
    =E2=94=82 ---
    =E2=94=82 theme: vanier
    =E2=94=82 dimension: 16:9
    =E2=94=82 css: my_pres.css
    =E2=94=82 ---
    =E2=94=82=20
    =E2=94=82 The content here.
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


OCaml-specific notes on action arguments
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In this release, I add the ability to give arguments to actions. For
  instance, an action can be to focus on a specific element:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 {#my_element}
  =E2=94=82 Some content
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {focus=3D"my_element"}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The "positional" arguments is the list of IDs that must be focused. To
  add other kind of arguments , they need to be named:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 {#my_element}
  =E2=94=82 Some content
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {focus=3D"~duration:2 ~margin:5 my_element"}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It was fun to integrate OCaml syntax in slipshow ;) This way, people
  coming to OCaml after learning slipshow will feel familiar with the
  syntax!


Paul-Elliot later announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Slipshow development intensifies=E2=80=A6 It is with external pleasure
  that I announce the [0.5.0] release of slipshow [on opam].

  Warning: External files have invaded our world! They raise dead
  formats like PDF into the liveliness of Slipshow presentations!


[0.5.0] 

[on opam] 

Slipshow 0.5.0: Plan 9 from External Files
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  As subtly hinted by the title, this slipshow release focuses on the
  integration of external files in a presentation. Rest assured, a
  compiled Slipshow presentation stays a standalone HTML file!

  In effect, you can now include PDFs, videos and audios files in your
  presentations! Here is a demo:

  

  With the simple source:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 {#title}
  =E2=94=82 # Plan 9 from External Files
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {pause play-media=3Dmp4}
  =E2=94=82 ## Video demo
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ![](plan9.mp4){#mp4 style=3D"width:100%"}
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {pause up}
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ## PDF demo
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 ![](plan9.pdf){#pdf}
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {focus=3Dpdf}
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {change-page=3D"~n:all pdf"}
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 {unfocus up=3Dtitle}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here is the full changelog:


=E2=97=8A Compiler

  =E2=80=A2 Add support for pdfs
  =E2=80=A2 Add support for audios and videos
  =E2=80=A2 Fix `enter' action being added to blockquotes


=E2=97=8A Language

  =E2=80=A2 Add a carousel type and a `change-page' action
  =E2=80=A2 Add a `play-media' action


=E2=97=8A Engine

  =E2=80=A2 Fix compatibility of slipshow and editable content
  =E2=80=A2 Fix scroll bar appearing in drawing toolbox


Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the release of [miou.0.4.0], the
  documentation was just updated [here] and the book to learn about Miou
  is still available [here]. This version mainly consolidates our
  experiments with other libraries, notably: [`ocaml-dns'],
  [`happy-eyeballs'], [`mirage-crypto'], [`ocaml-tls'], [`httpcats'],
  [`carton'], [`sendmail'] and [`caqti'].

  This consolidation of the API allows us to go further and, in
  particular, to start offering the [development of unikernels with
  OCaml 5]. To this end, you can follow projects such as [miou-solo5] or
  [chaos]. An overview is available [on my blog] (which presents the
  latest Mirage retreat in May).

  We would also like to continue improving [Vif] and [Hurl] ([a
  tutorial] has just been published on this subject).

  Other projects are still in the experimental phase, such as: [`notty'
  / `nottui'], [`blaze'], [`multipart_form'] or [`awa-ssh'].

  Finally, we would like to thank everyone who has participated directly
  or indirectly in this project and to its integration into the OCaml
  ecosystem.

  Happy hacking!


[miou.0.4.0] 

[here] 

[here] 

[`ocaml-dns'] 

[`happy-eyeballs'] 

[`mirage-crypto'] 

[`ocaml-tls'] 

[`httpcats'] 

[`carton'] 

[`sendmail'] 

[`caqti'] 

[development of unikernels with OCaml 5]


[miou-solo5] 

[chaos] 

[on my blog] 

[Vif] 

[Hurl] 

[a tutorial] 

[`notty' / `nottui'] 

[`blaze'] 

[`multipart_form'] 

[`awa-ssh'] 


Dream development open video call
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Anton Bachin announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For those interested in minutes/notes, providing a brief summary
  :slight_smile:

  We had a chat about how to maintain Dream as a community, added
  several people to the repo (master branch is locked for security), and
  worked through what we can do immediately on several PRs. I showed how
  I maintain Dream on those PRs, and several others contributed their
  thoughts and ideas.

  At the end we talked off-topic a bit about the future of Dream and
  bigger projects in it and around it to tackle.

  It=E2=80=99s difficult to write out minutes as it was a lot of detailed t=
alk
  and work =E2=80=93 adding specific people, dealing with specific issues. =
One
  can see the recent activity in the [Dream repo] to see our guinea pig
  PRs :slight_smile:


[Dream repo] 


Anton Bachin later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We=E2=80=99re going to have the next dev meeting this coming Friday, and
  weekly thereafter.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]
  =E2=80=A2 [Irmin Retrospective]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Upcoming OCaml Events] 

[Irmin Retrospective] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 05 to 12, 2025.

    



    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/9

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
It is with some bitter joy that I=E2=80=99m announcing the 0.4.1 ver=
sion of Slipshow on opam:

    

    

    

    The slides strike back
    

    

    
The main improvements of this version are the introduction of arguments to =
actions, a frontmatter, and improvements to slides.

    


    
All together, they allow to easily design presentations the slides way:

    


    
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/844754a7-7731-4=
5a8-8cc5-97a315d5cd92

    


    ---
toplevel-attributes: {children:slide children:enter=3D"~duration:0"}
---

# Slide 1

Content

---

# Slide 2

Content

---

# Slide 3

You get it

    


    
So, why =E2=80=9C=E2=80=8Bbitter joy=E2=80=9D?

    


    
I was reluctant to add good support for traditional slide-based presentatio=
n. There are already very good and mature solutions for this, including som=
e with similar technical foundations as Slipshow. I was more interested in =
developping the new things: Slips!

    


    
However, Slipshow starts to have useful features that competitor don=E2=80=
=99t always have (for instance: a self-contained html output! But more, and=
 more to come). Also, for people who already have slide-based presentations=
, it makes it easier to migrate them, and use a single tool for old and new=
 presentations!

    


    
Finally, I wanted to make Slipshow a bit more versatile and added attribute=
s, frontmatter, and a new options: toplevel-attributes. The pr=
oper slide support is actually just a nice consequence of this versatility!=
 =F0=9F=A5=B3

    


    
Here is the full changelog:

    


      

    • Fix children: not working sometimes
      • 

    • Add --toplevel-attributes to control the attributes on the=
 toplevel
container
      • 

    • Render slide titles as slide titles
      • 

    • Add arguments to actions
      • 

    • 
Add frontmatter=20

      


      
You can now do

      


      ---
theme: vanier
dimension: 16:9
css: my_pres.css
---

The content here.

      • 

    

    

    

    

    OCaml-specific notes on action arguments
    

    

    
In this release, I add the ability to give arguments to actions. For instan=
ce, an action can be to focus on a specific element:

    


    {#my_element}
Some content

{focus=3D"my_element"}

    


    
The "positional" arguments is the list of IDs that must be focused. To add =
other kind of arguments , they need to be named:

    


    {#my_element}
Some content

{focus=3D"~duration:2 ~margin:5 my_element"}

    


    
It was fun to integrate OCaml syntax in slipshow ;) This way, people coming=
 to OCaml after learning slipshow will feel familiar with the syntax!

    

    

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot later announced
    

    

    
The Slipshow development intensifies… It is with external pleasure t=
hat I announce the 0.5.0 release of slipshow on opam.

    


    
Warning: External files have invaded our world! They raise dead formats lik=
e PDF into the liveliness of Slipshow presentations!

    

    

    

    Slipshow 0.5.0: Plan 9 from External Files
    

    

    
As subtly hinted by the title, this slipshow release focuses on the integra=
tion of external files in a presentation. Rest assured, a compiled Slipshow=
 presentation stays a standalone HTML file!

    


    
In effect, you can now include PDFs, videos and audios files in your presen=
tations! Here is a demo:

    


    
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bf7d5933-9b29-4=
e52-ac2a-c4a9a87d9dc6

    


    
With the simple source:

    


    

    {#title}
# Plan 9 from External Files

{pause play-media=3Dmp4}
## Video demo

![](plan9.mp4){#mp4 style=3D"width:100%"}

{pause up}

## PDF demo

![](plan9.pdf){#pdf}

{focus=3Dpdf}

{change-page=3D"~n:all pdf"}

{unfocus up=3Dtitle}

    

    


    
Here is the full changelog:

    

    

      

    • Compiler
      

      

        

      • Add support for pdfs
        • 

      • Add support for audios and videos
        • 

      • Fix enter action being added to blockquotes
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Language
      

      

        

      • Add a carousel type and a change-page action
        • 

      • Add a play-media action
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Engine
      

      

        

      • Fix compatibility of slipshow and editable content
        • 

      • Fix scroll bar appearing in drawing toolbox
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-miou-a-simple-schedu=
ler-for-ocaml-5/12963/16

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the release of miou.0.4.0, the documentation was just updated here and the book to learn about Miou is still ava=
ilable here. This version=
 mainly consolidates our experiments with other libraries, notably: ocaml-dns, happy-eyeballs, mirage-c=
rypto, oc=
aml-tls, httpcats, carton, s=
endmail and caqti.

    


    
This consolidation of the API allows us to go further and, in particular, t=
o start offering the development of unikernels with OCaml 5. To t=
his end, you can follow projects such as miou-solo5 or chaos. An overview is available on my blog (which presents the l=
atest Mirage retreat in May).

    


    
We would also like to continue improving Vif and Hurl=
 (a tutorial has just=
 been published on this subject).

    


    
Other projects are still in the experimental phase, such as: notty / nottui, blaze=
, multipa=
rt_form or a=
wa-ssh.

    


    
Finally, we would like to thank everyone who has participated directly or i=
ndirectly in this project and to its integration into the OCaml ecosystem.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    Dream development open video call
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dream-development-open-video-ca=
ll/17053/6

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Anton Bachin announced
    

    

    
For those interested in minutes/notes, providing a brief summary :slight_sm=
ile:=20

    


    
We had a chat about how to maintain Dream as a community, added several peo=
ple to the repo (master branch is locked for security), and worked through =
what we can do immediately on several PRs. I showed how I maintain Dream on=
 those PRs, and several others contributed their thoughts and ideas.

    


    
At the end we talked off-topic a bit about the future of Dream and bigger p=
rojects in it and around it to tackle.

    


    
It=E2=80=99s difficult to write out minutes as it was a lot of detailed tal=
k and work =E2=80=93 adding specific people, dealing with specific issues. =
One can see the recent activity in the Dream repo to see our guinea pig PRs :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    

    Anton Bachin later added
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99re going to have the next dev meeting this coming Friday, and we=
ekly thereafter.

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
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s.

    


    
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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 19 Aug 2025 14:20:46 +0200
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 12 to 19, 2025.

    



    

    httpcats, ocaml-h1, vif, and hurl: a webstack for OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-httpcat=
s-ocaml-h1-vif-hurl-a-webstack-for-ocaml-5/17104/1

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am delighted to announce the release of httpcats.0.1.0, ocaml-h1 (including WebSockets support), and the experimental rele=
ase of vif, a web framework for OCaml 5, and hurl=
, an HTTP client in OCaml.

    

    

    

    ocaml-h1
    

    

    
ocaml-h1 is an authorised fork of http/af (after explicit permission from its author) in order to con=
tinue its development and release process. It was created in May 2024 and n=
ow includes support for websockets (and connection upgrades) thanks to the =
work of @swrup.

    

    

    

    

    httpcats, a HTTP client/server with miou
    

    

    
It was in 2023 that we began experimenting with OCaml 5 and HTTP requests w=
iththe httpcats project:

    


    
https://x.c=
om/Dinoosaure/status/1710320603113095538

    


    
This project allowed us to consolidate some of our libraries, such as~mirag=
e-crypto~, in order to move beyond OCaml 5 and, in particular, to resolve t=
he few data-races we had (having started some of our projects before OCaml =
multicore was even mentioned).

    


    
After some fairly extensive maintenance work, we were finally able to lay t=
he groundwork for an OCaml HTTP client that can make parallel requests usin=
g Miou.

    


    
httpcats has therefore improved over time and offers a fairly =
simple way to make HTTP requests in OCaml (thanks to our experience with http-lwt-client=
) and to implement an HTTP server that can handle incoming HTTP requests in=
 parallel. The documentation has been improved and is particularl=
y comprehensive (with examples) so that users have complete control over al=
l the protocol layers required for communication with web service: from the=
 Unix socket to the TLS handshake (including ALPN negotiation), incl=
uding domain name resolution.

    


    
httpcats also partially synthesizes our work on protocols. Eve=
rything needed to communicate with web services is implemented in OCaml:

    




    
Finally, benchmarking work has been initiated, the origins of which can be =
found here, showing the results that c=
an be achieved with httpcats as a server. The benchmark is rep=
roducible and available here, and here are the results we obtained (on A=
MD Ryzen 9 7950X 16-Core Processor):

    


    

















    
clients
threads
latencyAvg
latencyMax
latencyStdev
totalRequests

    
    


    
16
16
47.43us
2.27ms
38.48us
5303700

    


    
32
32
71.73us
1.04ms
47.58us
7016729

    


    
64
32
140.29us
5.72ms
121.50us
7658146

    


    
128
32
279.73us
11.35ms
287.92us
7977306

    


    
256
32
519.02us
16.89ms
330.20us
7816435

    


    
512
32
1.06ms
37.42ms
534.14us
7409781

    
    

    

    

    

    

    hurl, a command-line tool to make HTTP r=
equests in OCaml
    

    

    
To complete our work, we have developed a tool that allows HTTP requests to=
 be made from the command line: hurl. This tool is still in the experimental phase, bu=
t it allows us to activate an improvement loop between httpcats and the real world by testing certain types of requests.

    


    
Here is a screenshot of the tool (hurl https://discuss.ocaml.org --pr=
int dishHrR):

    



    

    3D"c4a=

    

    


    
The purpose of this tool is to facilitate the tests we would like to perfor=
m with a web server by allowing the user to specify the content of requests=
 (and whether this content should be JSON or multipart/form-data) and obtain a whole bunch of information such as the response given by t=
he service, the server=E2=80=99s IP address, and the result of the TLS hand=
shake.

    

    

    

    

    vif, a simple web framework for OCaml 5<=
/h4>

    

    
Finally, to complete our work, we have also developed a new web framework b=
ased on httpcats and miou in order to obtain a we=
b server capable of handling parallel requests: vif. Like hurl, vif<=
/code> is still in the experimental stage. However, we are currently able t=
o produce small web applications and we will present this project at the ne=
xt FUN OCaml session (come along!).

    


    
A tutorial explaining how to make a chatroom in OCaml is available here.

    


    
The objective of vif is to provide a small framework for developing web app=
lications. In addition, it offers a tool called vif, which is =
a native OCaml interpreter that allows you to launch a web server fr=
om an OCaml script. Here is a simple example from the command line:

    


    

    $ opam install -y vif hurl
$ cat >main.ml <<EOF
#require "vif" ;;

let default req server () =3D
  let open Vif.Response.Syntax in
  let field =3D "content-type" in
  let* () =3D Vif.Response.add ~field "text/html; charset=3Dutf-8" in
  let* () =3D Vif.Response.with_string req "Hello World!" in
  Vif.Response.respond `OK
;;

let routes =3D
  let open Vif.Uri in
  let open Vif.Route in
  [ get (rel /?? nil) --> default ]

let () =3D
  Miou_unix.run @@ fun () ->
  Vif.run routes ()
;;
EOF
$ vif --pid vid.pid main.ml &
$ hurl http://localhost:8080/ -p b
Hello World!
$ kill -SIGINT $(cat vid.pid)

    

    


    
Like all projects in our cooperative, it is open to contributions and impro=
vements. The workshop we will be hosting at FUN OCaml will be an opportunit=
y for us and for you to participate in these projects.

    

    

    

    

    Conclusion
    

    

    
Based on the dates provided, it is clear that this was a substantial and le=
ngthy undertaking. It is the result of the work of several individuals and =
our cooperative (both technical and social).

    


    
We would like to thank everyone who participated in any way in the developm=
ent of this software and its integration into the OCaml ecosystem (notably =
through miou=E2=80=99s support for certain libraries such as caqti).

    


    
We hope that many of you will attend our workshop (for the FUN OCaml itself=
, and also to meet us) and hope that you will enjoy Vif in particular. If y=
ou like our work, you can also make a donation to our cooperative (via GitHub or directly using=
 an IBAN).

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    


    

    Reminder: You Can Still Come to Warsaw for FUN OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/reminder-you-=
can-still-come-to-warsaw-for-fun-ocaml/17110/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hey everyone,

    


    
we still have a few tickets left for FUN OCaml (https://fun-ocaml.com)!

    


    
This is your chance to meet a lot of great OCaml folks, attend the talks on=
 day 1, have some interesting discussions, and learn a lot in the hands-on =
workshops offered on day 2.

    


    
If you haven=E2=80=99t used OCaml before: no problem, we have a beginner wo=
rkshop to get you started!

    


    
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    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 19 to 26, 2025.

    




    

    Tacit 1.0.0 - Combinators!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tacit-1-0-0-combinators/17142/1

    

    

    

    arutonee announced
    

    

    
Partially as a beginner project (I am very much a beginner- if anyon=
e else finds the package useful and feels like something should be changed =
or knows more fun combinators, feel free to make a PR as I have no clue wha=
t I=E2=80=99m doing), and partially just because I personally want a relati=
vely complete combinator library, tacit is now on opam! Now yo=
u can write let nth_root =3D C.c (C.phi1 Float.pow C.k (C.b1 (( /. ) =
1.) C.ki)) if you wanted to, for whatever reason :wink:

    

    

    

    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne then added
    

    

    
Here is the package page: http=
s://ocaml.org/p/tacit/latest

    


    
here is the repository: http=
s://github.com/arutonee1/tacit

    

    

    

    

    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/11

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
(I hope it's still OK to announce my releases here, despite their current f=
requencies and the fact that it's not an OCaml li=
brary.)

    


    
I am speechless to announce the new opam release of Slipshow!

    

    

    

    Version 0.6.0: The King=E2=80=99s Slipshow
    

    

    
This release focuses on one specific feature: the speaker view.

    


    
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6f1384f0-715c-4=
af7-80d6-7da9c0b9744b

    


    
(Disclaimer: AI generated text ^[The text in the left of the gif above was =
mostly generated by an LLM, mimicking "The King's speech" declaration of wa=
r, but turned to praise peace, which we need a lot in this world])

    


    
The speaker view includes a timer, speaker notes, and a presentation synced=
 with the main one. Note that a compiled presentation is still a standalone=
 html file that you can just double click on.

    


    
To open the speaker view, press s. To send some text to the sp=
eaker notes, use the speaker-note action, as in the code below:

    


    

    # The King's Slipshow

{pause speaker-note}
Say it like this: "perhaaaaaaaaps"...

In this grave hour, perhaps the most fateful in our history, I send to ever=
y household of my peoples, both at home and overseas, this message, spoken =
with the same depth of feeling for each one of you as if I were able to cro=
ss your threshold and speak to you myself.

{pause speaker-note}
Make a little pause and show a tear, it'll make it more dramatic.

As always, the world finds itself standing on the edge of war.

{pause center=3Dtime speaker-note}
Emphasize roar but avoid making everyone uncomfortable.

{#time}
Time after time, we have sought peaceful ways to resolve our differences. Y=
et too often, dialogue has been drowned out by the roar of weapons.

{pause speaker-note}
Pretend you know what you are speaking about: as a King, you can do that.

We are told that violence is unavoidable, that to be safe we must fight. Bu=
t this is the old and dangerous lie that =E2=80=9Cmight is right.=E2=80=9D =
If we accept it, we accept the slow destruction of all that makes life wort=
h living.

{pause down=3Dend speaker-note}
DRAMATICALLY POINT FINGERS AT THE AUDIENCE!!!

For the sake of all we cherish, we must find another path. The real challen=
ge before us is not to fight harder, but to imagine peace when anger blinds=
 us, and to choose cooperation when conflict seems easier.

I call on all people, across every border, to remain calm, firm, and united=
 in the higher cause of preserving life. To resist the call of hatred. To r=
emember that in every city, in every nation, there are children who deserve=
 a future unscarred by war.

The road will be hard. There may be days when peace feels impossible. But w=
ar spreads beyond the battlefield =E2=80=94 it steals homes, divides famili=
es, and poisons the generations to come.

{#end}
If we remain steadfast in our refusal to give in to violence, then, with co=
urage and compassion, we will prevail =E2=80=94 not by destroying, but by p=
reserving.

    

    


    
Full changelog below:

    

    

      

    • Engine
      

      

        

      • Add a speaker view, opened with s. (#147)
        • 

      • Fix Z and X not working (#147)
        • 

      • On step change, move back to the position we left (#148)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Language
      

      

        

      • Add a speaker-note action. (#147)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Claudius is now available in opam! =F0=9F=8E=89
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/claudius-is-now-available-in-op=
am/17145/1

    

    

    

    Shreya Pawaskar announced
    

    

    
We are happy to announce that Claudius is now available in opam!

    


    
Claudius is a functional style retro-graphics library for OCaml for buildin=
g generative art, demos, and games.

    


    
Here=E2=80=99s our github: Claudius

    


    
And some cool examples to checkout and explore more: claudius-examples

    

    

    

    

    

    New release of UnionFind
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-unionfind/17147/1=


    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
Hello! It is my pleasure to announce a new release of my library unio=
nFind. The main news is that a concurrent union-find algorithm is no=
w available under the name UnionFind.Concurrent. To install it=
, type opam update && opam install unionFind.20250818.=
 For more information, see the documentation.

    

    

    

    

    

    Bogue, the OCaml GUI
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bogue-the-ocaml-gui/9099/64

    

    

    

    sanette announced
    

    

    
Hello

    


    
it=E2=80=99s my pleasure to announce a new version of Bogue, version 20250815 available on opam.

    


    
The main novelty is an internationalization mechanism. All text used=
 by Bogue (like =E2=80=98close=E2=80=99 in a close button) will be automati=
cally translated into the user=E2=80=99s language. Currently 15 languages a=
re supported but more can easily be added either via configuration files, o=
n directly at run-time using the i18n API.

    


    
note: Internationalization has been tested only for a small number of appli=
cations; don=E2=80=99t hesitate to report bugs.

    


    
Happy bogue-ing!

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.20
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-20/17150/1

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
On the behalf of the Dune Team, I=E2=80=99m glad to announce the release of=
 dune 3.20.0 :partying_face:=20

    


    
This release contains some important bug fixes. It contains new features fo=
r tests, such as the possibility to use an alias and the possibility to dec=
lare a timeout for cram tests. This release also provides new=
 possibilities for the watch mode, like the ability to run an execut=
able or promote files while the watch mode is running.

    


    
:warning: A significant change in this release is how the dune file formatt=
er acts. It will now try to fill the line instead of using the vertical for=
mat.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Stop re-running cram tests after promotion when it=E2=80=99s not necess=
ary (#11994,
@rgrinberg)
        • 


      • fix: $ dune subst should not fail when adding the version =
field in opam
files (#11801, fixes #11045, @btjorge)
        • 


      • Kill all processes in the process group after the main process has
terminated; in particular this avoids background processes in cram tests to
stick around after the test finished (#11841, fixes #11820, @Alizter,
@Leonidas-from-XIV)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Added
      

      

        

      • (tests) stanzas now generate aliases with the test name. T=
o run
(test (name a)) you can do dune build @runtest-a.=
 (#11558, grants part of #10239,
@Alizter)
        • 


      • Inline test libraries now produce aliases runtest-name_of_lib
allowing users to run specific inline tests as dune build @runtest-na=
me_of_lib. (#11109, partially fixes #10239, @Alizter)
        • 


      • feature: $ dune subst use version from dune-project<=
/code> when no version
control repository has been detected (#11801, @btjorge)
        • 


      • Allow dune exec to run concurrently with another instance =
of dune in watch
mode (#11840, @gridbugs)
        • 


      • Introduce %{os}, %{os_version}, %{os_di=
stribution}, and %{os_family}
percent forms. These have the same values as their opam counterparts.
(#11863, @rgrinberg)
        • 


      • Introduce option (implicit_transitive_deps false-if-hidden-includ=
es-supported)
that is equivalent to (implicit_transitive_deps false) when -H is
supported by the compiler (OCaml >=3D 5.2) and equivalent to
(implicit_transitive_deps true) otherwise. (#11866, fixes #112=
12, @nojb)
        • 


      • Add dune describe location for printing the path to the ex=
ecutable that
would be run (#11905, @gridbugs)
        • 


      • dune runtest can now understand absolute paths as well as =
run tests in
specific build contexts (#11936, @Alizter).
        • 


      • Added =E2=80=98empty=E2=80=99 alias which contains no targets. (#11556 =
#11952 #11955 #4161,
grants #4161, @Alizter and @rgrinberg)
        • 


      • Allow dune promote to properly run while a watch mode serv=
er is running
(#12010, @ElectreAAS)
        • 


      • Add --alias and --alias-rec flags as an alter=
native to the @@ and @
syntax in the command line (#5775, fixes #5775, @rgrinberg)
        • 


      • Added a (timeout <float>) field to the (cram)<=
/code> stanza to specify per-test
time limits. Tests exceeding the timeout are terminated with an error.
(#12041, @Alizter)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Changed
      

      

        

      • Format long lists in s-expressions to fill the line instead of
formatting them in a vertical way (#10860, fixes #10860, @nojb)
        • 


      • Switch from MD5 to BLAKE3 for digesting targets and rules. BLAKE3 is bo=
th more
performant and difficult to break than MD5 (#11735, @rgrinberg, @Alizter)


      • Print a warning when dune build runs over RPC (#11833, @gr=
idbugs)
        • 


      • Stop emitting empty module group wrapper .js file in melange.emit
(#11986, fixes #11986, @anmonteiro)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais later announced
    

    

    
The Dune Team is happy to announce the release of Dune 3.20.1.

    


    
This release introduces some minor fixes and reverts the dune file formatte=
r change. As mentioned above, the formatter change will be reintroduced in =
a next release once it is able to detect the dune project version.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Fix runtest-js mistakenly depending on byte (=
fixes #12243, #12242,
@vouillon and @Alizter)
        • 


      • Fix the interpretation of paths in dune runtest when runni=
ng from within a
subdirectory. (#12251, fixes #12250, @Alizter)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Changed
      

      

        

      • Revert formatting change introduced in 3.20.0 making long lists in
s-expressions fill the line instead of formatting them in a vertical way
(#12245, reverts #10892, @nojb)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    cudajit: Bindings to the cuda and nvrtc libraries
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cudajit-=
bindings-to-the-cuda-and-nvrtc-libraries/15010/4

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
cudajit 0.7.2 is now available in the opam repository. It=E2=80=99s a bug-f=
ix release. Note that a salient missing feature of cudajit is CUDA graphs, =
if you want them I=E2=80=99m eager to add them, let me know!

    


    
OCANNL 0.6.0 is also available in the opam repository. However, I only expe=
ct OCANNL to become usable at version 0.8 due to how I decided to prioritiz=
e things. The upshot is that the front-end should become pretty stable star=
ting with version 0.7.

    

    

    

    

    

    zbg v0.3.0: New release 2 years later
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-zbg-v0-3-0-new-relea=
se-2-years-later/17165/1

    

    

    

    Dmitrii Kovanikov announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone :waving_hand:=20

    


    
2 years ago, I created zbg =E2=80=93 Zero Bullshit Git. It was=
 my first project in OCaml to learn the language. But I still use the tool =
daily. It's just a small wrapper around some git commands to m=
ake my life easier.

    




    
I might be the only person using this tool, but it saves me time every day,=
 and it brings joy to programming, so, hey, that's enough reward for me.

    


    
Moreover, I received some high-quality contributions from other people who =
enhanced the tool. Thank you a lot!!

    


    
I like that zbg is rather small, and I intend to keep it that =
way. I believe it serves as a nice example of a small (yet still useful) pr=
oject in OCaml.

    


    
Anyway, I just released a new version 2 years later. Have a look if you're =
interested!

    


    
Previous discussion:

    



    

    

    

    

    Announcing Raven: Scientific Computing for OCaml (Alpha Relea=
se)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an=
nouncing-raven-scientific-computing-for-ocaml-alpha-release/16913/28

    

    

    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    

    

    Help Shape Raven=E2=80=99s First Alpha - Call for Con=
tributions!
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m excited to announce that Raven=E2=80=99s first alpha is sche=
duled in 3 weeks, just in time for FunOCaml! (Following our zeroth alph=
a in July)

    

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s New
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99ve added a plethora of new features:

    


      

    • New Talon package that provides an equivalent for Pandas/P=
olars to work with dataframes
      • 

    • New Saga package providing tokenizers and NLP functionnali=
ties (e.g. Ngram models)
      • 

    • Support for symbolic shapes and lazy views in Nx
      • 

    • Support for new and machine-learning-specific data types, including boo=
lean, bfloat16, complex16, float8, etc.
      • 

    • Support for forward mode differenciation through Rune.jvp<=
/li>

    • Support for automatic vectorization through Rune.vmap
      • 

    • Addition of a complete linear algebra suite in Nx
      • 

    


    
And, of course, since it is the theme of the FunOCaml workshop: addition=
 of transformers blocks in Kaun to train large language models.

    


    
All of these features are currently in-progress in Raven=E2=80=99s reposito=
ry, ranging from ready-to-release (e.g. Talon) to prototyping (e.g. Kaun's =
transformers), but we=E2=80=99re aiming for a release with all of the above=
 mid-september.

    


    
### Call for Contributions

    


    
If you were looking to contribute to Raven, now=E2=80=99s probably a really=
 good time! There=E2=80=99s going to be a lot of activity in the coming wee=
ks, and the repository is in good shape for first-time-contributors, with a=
 lot of good first issues: we=E2=80=99ve just landed a complete linear a=
lgebra suite that=E2=80=99s ~80% working, which makes for the perfect s=
et of starter issues: failing tests that need fixing.

    


      

    • 15 failing tests on the native backend
      • 

    • 35 on the C backend
      • 

    


    
These range from implementing frontend operations using our new backend ops=
, to investigating bugs in the newly added linear algebra functions. Pick a=
 test, fix it, open a PR!

    

    

    

    

    Getting Started
    

    

    

    git clone https://github.com/raven-ml/ra=
ven
dune pkg lock
dune build @nx/runtest

    

    


    
If you=E2=80=99re interested in contributing, don=E2=80=99t hesitate to rea=
ch out as well,
I=E2=80=99m happy to give pointers and show you around the codebase.

    


    
Hoping you=E2=80=99re as excited about the upcoming release as I am - Happy=
 Hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy Demo Day August 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-demo-day-august-2025/171=
67/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce this Friday [date=3D2025-08-29 time=3D10:00:0=
0 timezone=3D"UTC"] we will host the Outreachy Demo presentation. We invite=
 all of the OCaml community and beyond to join us in celebrating the hard w=
ork of the community=E2=80=99s two interns who have been working on:

    


      

    • Claudius: A f=
antasy-console style graphics library for OCaml
      • 

    • Dune: Extending dune t=
o discover system information
      • 

    


    
We=E2=80=99ll post the meeting link closer to the time. Hopefully see you t=
here! :camel:

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of August 26 to Septembe=
r 02, 2025.

    




    

    mlfront-shell - reference implementation of a build system
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
mlfront-shell-reference-implementation-of-a-build-system/17186/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99ve made a reference implementation (=E2=80=9Cmlfront-shell=E2=80=
=9D) of a build system that is mostly working but has zero (0) performance =
work so far. Among the many existing build + package managers, the =E2=80=
=9Cmlfront-shell=E2=80=9D tool sits closest to Nix. It works on Windows, ca=
n download binary assets, is language-neutral with an easy-to-parse JSON bu=
ild file.

    


    
The reference implementation comes with a specification doc and a JSON sche=
ma. Since I=E2=80=99ll eventually be integrating the build system features =
into dk (my OCaml scripting tool), the docs live there. You=E2=
=80=99ll find a Quick Start guide and a Comparison table (the opam and dune comparisons are pertinent):

    


    
http=
s://github.com/diskuv/dk/tree/1.0?tab=3Dreadme-ov-file#

    


    
Huge thanks to the a la carte authors, and also to @hbr for fmlib_parse.

    


    
Aside: Wow, another Windows-friendly build system post at h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/porting-my-toy-ocaml-build-system-to-windows/171=
85 !

    


    
Links:

    



    

    

    

    

    An experimental branch of Merlin based on Domains and Effects<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/ann-an-experimental-branch-of-merlin-based-on-domains-and-effects/17195/1<=
/a>

    

    

    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
    

    

    
The Merlin Team :man_mage:  is very happy to announce an experimenta=
l version of Merlin: Merlin Domains!

    


    
As a reminder, Merlin is an=
 editor service that provides advanced IDE features for OCaml. It ca=
n be used as a standalone binary or as a library, and is notably used by OCaml LSP Server. In other=
 words, if you are using the OCaml Platform extension w=
ith Visual Studio Code, or ocaml-eglot with Emacs, you are already using Merlin under the ho=
od.

    


    
Even though over the years we=E2=80=99ve had relatively few complaints abou=
t Merlin=E2=80=99s performance, in some contexts (notably very large fil=
es), Merlin=E2=80=99s mechanism (parsing file (with recove=
ry) -> typing file (with recovery) -> performing a=
nalysis) could sometimes cause slowdowns!

    


    
To address these slowdowns, we started an experimental branch that uses domains and effects, which allow u=
s to interrupt the typing process at the right moment when an analys=
is request comes in.

    


    
In practice, let=E2=80=99s say you run an analysis command on a very large =
file: the type-checker will progress up to the location that makes the a=
nalysis possible, run the analysis phase, return the result, and then conti=
nue typing the file. This separation is possible thanks to control flow=
 management enabled by effects, and by having two domains interact with eac=
h other.

    


    
In practice, this makes the analysis phases much more efficient! We think t=
his is a great example of migrating a regular OCaml application to one that=
 takes advantage of multicore. For a more technical explanation of how t=
his experimental branch works internally, @pitag and @Lyrm  will talk a=
bout it at Lambda World, in their tal=
k When =
magic meets multicore - OCaml and its elegant era of parallelism.

    


    
Currently, the branch is still in its incubation phase, and we=E2=80=99d=
 be delighted to get your feedback!

    

    

    

    How to test the branch
    

    

    
To avoid installing this version of merlin unintentionally, we=
 suggest pinning this branch in the switches where you want to exper=
iment with this new version (compatible with Merlin=E2=80=99s main):

    


    opam pin add https://github.com/ocaml/merlin#merlin-domains

    


    
Although this experimental branch passes the test-suite, your fee=
dback is very important to help collect potential bugs we may have miss=
ed.
We=E2=80=99ve added a Bug/Merlin-domains label to organize tic=
kets related to this experimental branch.

    

    

    

    

    Next steps
    

    

    
In the future, the goal of this branch (which will be regularly rebased on =
main) is to become the main branch, so that all users c=
an benefit from these improvements.
At the same time, the rest of the ecosystem depending on Merlin (such as th=
e OCaml LSP Server) will be adapted to also take full advantage of t=
hese new features!

    



    
Happy Hacking!
The Merlin Team :man_mage:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Ppx_rapper support, Caqti 2.0 port
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ppx-rapper-support-caqti-2-0-po=
rt/17194/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Chukwuma announced
    

    

    
I recently implemented a database connection using caqti last 2 weeks and w=
rote a blog about it.
Here it is, https://fearful-odds.rocks/blog/postgres-caqti-pooling-ocam=
l-2025/

    


    
I would like to listen to your feedback or comments regarding my approach.
Cheers

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy Demo Day August 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-demo-day-august-2025/171=
67/7

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
For those that could not join us live, the presentations have now been uploaded to watch.=
ocaml.org – thank you everyone who attended and congratulations o=
nce again to our fantastic Outreachy interns @pawaskar-shreya and @kemsguy7=
, and a big thanks to our mentors @gridbugs and Michael Dales :two_hump_camel: !

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 02 to
09, 2025.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml Platform Newsletter: May to August 2025
ppx_format
New release of Menhir (20250903)
Chat plugin activated, and adding more site categories
Outreachy Mentors Wanted
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


OCaml Platform Newsletter: May to August 2025
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Welcome to the fifteenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

  In this May to August 2025 edition, we are excited to bring you the
  latest on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting
  recent developments as seen in [previous editions]. To understand the
  direction we're headed, especially regarding development workflows and
  user experience improvements, check out our [roadmap].

  You can [subscribe to this newsletter on LinkedIn]!

  *Highlights:*

  =E2=80=A2 *Enhanced Editor Integration*: OCaml-LSP 1.23.0 and Merlin 5.5
     provide improved project navigation and error reporting. New
     ocaml-eglot brings modern LSP support to Emacs users. Continued
     work on project-wide features brings OCaml's development experience
     closer to modern IDEs.

  =E2=80=A2 *Enhanced Package Management*: opam 2.4.0 stable release elimin=
ates
     GNU patch/diff dependencies, improves newcomer experience by
     avoiding problematic system compilers by default, and provides
     better handling of deprecated packages. This addresses common setup
     issues that previously complicated OCaml adoption.

  =E2=80=A2 *Improved Testing Workflows*: Dune 3.20 introduces concurrent w=
atch
     mode operations, named test aliases for running specific tests
     (`@runtest-testname'), and timeout support for cram tests.

  =E2=80=A2 *Documentation and Tooling Maturity*: Odoc 3.1.0 refines
     cross-package linking capabilities.

  =E2=80=A2 *OCaml 5.4.0-beta1:* you can help test upcoming compiler
     improvements!

  *Announcements:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Emacs Integration for OCaml LSP Server: Introducing ocaml-eglo=
t]
    (August 26, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune Developer Preview: Portable External Dependencies for Dune
    Package Management] (June 5, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune Developer Preview: Portable Lock Directories for Dune Pac=
kage
    Management] (May 19, 2025)

  *Stable Releases:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.20.1] (August 26, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.20.0] (August 21, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Utop 2.16.0] (July 25, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.4.1] (July 23, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.4.0] (July 18, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Odoc 3.1.0] (July 15, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Ppxlib 0.36.1] (July 10, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml-LSP 1.23.0] (June 24, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Merlin 5.5-503] (June 24, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml-LSP 1.21.0-4.14 for OCaml 4.14] (June 23, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Merlin 4.19-414] (June 23, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.19.1] (June 11, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.19.0] (May 23, 2025)

  *Unstable Releases:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.20.0~alpha4] (August 12, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.20.0~alpha3] (August 6, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.20.0~alpha2] (August 5, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.20.0~alpha1] (July 30, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.20.0~alpha0] (July 28, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5.4.0-beta1] (July 22, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.4.0~rc1] (July 4, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.4.0~beta1] (June 19, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5.4.0-alpha1] (May 22, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [Dune 3.19.0~alpha0] (May 20, 2025)

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.4.0~alpha2] (May 5, 2025)


[previous editions] 

[roadmap] 

[subscribe to this newsletter on LinkedIn]


[Emacs Integration for OCaml LSP Server: Introducing ocaml-eglot]


[Dune Developer Preview: Portable External Dependencies for Dune Package
Management]


[Dune Developer Preview: Portable Lock Directories for Dune Package
Management]


[Dune 3.20.1] 

[Dune 3.20.0] 

[Utop 2.16.0] 

[opam 2.4.1] 

[opam 2.4.0] 

[Odoc 3.1.0] 

[Ppxlib 0.36.1] 

[OCaml-LSP 1.23.0]


[Merlin 5.5-503] 

[OCaml-LSP 1.21.0-4.14 for OCaml 4.14]


[Merlin 4.19-414]


[Dune 3.19.1] 

[Dune 3.19.0] 

[Dune 3.20.0~alpha4]


[Dune 3.20.0~alpha3]


[Dune 3.20.0~alpha2]


[Dune 3.20.0~alpha1]


[Dune 3.20.0~alpha0]


[OCaml 5.4.0-beta1]


[opam 2.4.0~rc1] 

[opam 2.4.0~beta1]


[OCaml 5.4.0-alpha1]


[Dune 3.19.0~alpha0]


[opam 2.4.0~alpha2]


Dune
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Roadmap*: [Develop / (W4) Build a Project]

  The release introduces the `dune describe location' command for
  printing the path to executables.

  `dune runtest' now understands absolute paths and can run tests in
  specific build contexts. Improvements to cram test handling fix issues
  where tests attached to multiple aliases would run multiple times.


[Develop / (W4) Build a Project]


=E2=97=8A Testing Workflow Improvements

  Dune 3.20 significantly improves testing workflows with named test
  aliases. Tests declared with `(test (name a))' can now be run
  individually using `dune build @runtest-a'. Inline test libraries
  produce aliases like `@runtest-name_of_lib', allowing targeted
  execution of specific test suites without running the entire test
  battery.

  The new `(timeout )' field for cram tests prevents runaway
  tests from blocking CI pipelines. Combined with the ability to run
  `dune promote' while watch mode is active, these features remove
  common friction points in test-driven development workflows.


=E2=97=8A Performance and Watch Mode Enhancements

  Dune's watch mode now supports concurrent `dune exec' operations and
  file promotion without requiring restarts, maintaining development
  flow during iterative changes.

  The introduction of the 'empty' alias containing no targets provides
  more flexible build target management. New `--alias' and `--alias-rec'
  flags offer alternatives to the `@@' and `@' command-line syntax.

  Dune 3.20 switches from MD5 to BLAKE3 for digesting targets and rules,
  providing both performance improvements and better cryptographic
  properties.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Enhanced implicit transitive dependency handling for OCaml 5.2+
    compatibility ([#11866])

  =E2=80=A2 Improved alias system with new 'empty' alias support ([#11556],
    [#11952], [#11955], [#11956])

  =E2=80=A2 Better integration between promotion workflows and watch mode
    ([#12010])

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed cram test duplicate execution issues ([#11547])

  =E2=80=A2 Added timeout support for cram tests ([#12041])

  =E2=80=A2 Added `dune describe location' command ([#11905])

  =E2=80=A2 Named test aliases for targeted test execution ([#11558], [#111=
09])

  =E2=80=A2 BLAKE3 migration for improved performance ([#11735])

  *Maintained by*: Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane Street), Nicol=C3=A1s
   Ojeda B=C3=A4r (@nojb, LexiFi), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV,
   Tarides), Ali Caglayan (@Alizter), Etienne Millon (@emillon), Stephen
   Sherratt (@gridbugs, Tarides), Antonio Nuno Monteiro (@anmonteiro),
   Etienne Marais (@maiste, Tarides)


  [#11866] 

  [#11556] 

  [#11952] 

  [#11955] 

  [#11956] 

  [#12010] 

  [#11547] 

  [#12041] 

  [#11905] 

  [#11558] 

  [#11109] 

  [#11735] 


=E2=97=8A Dune Package Management

  Portable lock directories appear as an experimental feature. This is a
  major prospective enhancement for teams working across different
  platforms. Lockfile naming in the experimental feature now includes
  version numbers (e.g., `ocaml-compiler.5.3.0.pkg' instead of
  `ocaml-compiler.pkg') to handle cases where different platforms
  require different package versions in the same project.

  The portable external dependencies feature extends this capability to
  system-level dependencies, ensuring consistent build environments
  across development, testing, and production systems. Combined with the
  existing binary cache system, this could reduce the complexity of
  managing OCaml projects in diverse environments.

  Note however, that the outcome of these experiments, and whether they
  mature into features on the stable version of Dune is still open. If
  you would like to help test and give feedback: run `dune pkg lock'
  and, if you encounter issues, please report them!

  At [dune.check.ci.dev], continuous monitoring shows ecosystem
  compatibility progress, with a large part of Dune-based packages in
  opam-repository now building successfully with Dune package
  management.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Enhanced ecosystem compatibility testing and monitoring at
    [dune.check.ci.dev]

  =E2=80=A2 ["Opam Health Check: or How we Got to 90+% of Packages Building=
 with
    Dune Package Management"] - detailed analysis of ecosystem
    compatibility progress


  [dune.check.ci.dev] 

  ["Opam Health Check: or How we Got to 90+% of Packages Building with
  Dune Package Management"]
  


=E2=97=8A Dune Developer Preview

  [Dune Developer Preview] continues to serve as an experimental channel
  for cutting-edge OCaml development features. The tooling includes
  built-in LSP support, formatting capabilities, and a shared cache that
  improves build performance.

  The team has expanded testing beyond initial projects to include
  broader ecosystem validation. The binary repository provides static
  Linux binaries (built with musl) that work across distributions, along
  with native binaries for macOS on both x86_64 and aarch64
  architectures.

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Enhanced LSP integration through automated tool management

  =E2=80=A2 Expanded ecosystem compatibility testing as documented in the [=
Opam
    Health Check blog post]


  [Dune Developer Preview]
  

  [Opam Health Check blog post]
  


Package Management
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Opam

  The stable release of opam 2.4.0 represents a significant improvement
  in cross-platform reliability and user experience. The elimination of
  GNU `patch' and `diff' as runtime dependencies removes a major source
  of configuration issues that previously complicated deployment and
  CI/CD pipelines. The package manager now uses the native OCaml `patch'
  library instead.

  The default compiler selection during `opam init' no longer uses
  `ocaml-system', which was a common source of setup problems across
  different development environments. This change provides a more
  consistent onboarding experience for newcomers to OCaml.

  Package lifecycle management receives clearer visibility through
  enhanced handling of deprecated packages. The `opam show' command
  displays deprecated packages in gray, while `opam upgrade' removes
  confusing "not up-to-date" messages for packages being phased out.

  Development workflows benefit from the new `OPAMSOLVERTOLERANCE'
  environment variable, which addresses persistent solver timeout
  issues. The enhanced pinning system now displays current revisions of
  pinned repositories, providing better transparency in development
  workflows that rely on unreleased versions.

  For Windows users, the prebuilt binaries now include Cygwin's setup
  executable as a fallback when cygwin.com is inaccessible, improving
  reliability in restricted network environments.

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 [opam 2.4.0 stable release] with comprehensive improvements

  =E2=80=A2 Use `patch' OCaml library instead of the `patch' command ([#589=
2])

  =E2=80=A2 UX improvements: remove `ocaml-system' from default compiler at=
 init
    ([#6307])

  =E2=80=A2 Provide a way to avoid solver timeouts ([#5510])

  =E2=80=A2 Add `opam lock  --keep-local' ([#6411])

  *Maintained by*: Raja Boujbel (@rjbou, OCamlPro), Kate Deplaix
   (@kit-ty-kate, Ahrefs), David Allsopp (@dra27, Tarides)


  [opam 2.4.0 stable release] 

  [#5892] 

  [#6307] 

  [#5510] 

  [#6411] 


Editor Tools
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Roadmap*: [Edit / (W19) Navigate Code], [Edit / (W20) Refactor Code]


[Edit / (W19) Navigate Code]


[Edit / (W20) Refactor Code]


=E2=97=8A OCaml LSP Server and Merlin

  The release of OCaml-LSP 1.23.0 and Merlin 5.5 brings enhanced project
  navigation and error reporting capabilities. The release addresses
  several long-standing issues with jump-to-definition, occurrences
  reporting, and inlay hints while adding new utilities for working with
  typed holes.

  Project-wide features continue to evolve, with cross-project symbol
  search and refactoring capabilities bringing OCaml's editor support in
  line with other modern programming languages. The features work by
  building an index with `dune build @build-index -w' and provide
  comprehensive symbol searching across entire codebases.

  By the way: we are currently working on a refactor feature that
  enables automatically extracting and inlining function parameters!

  Support for OCaml 4.14 continues with dedicated releases (OCaml-LSP
  1.21.0-4.14 and Merlin 4.19-414).

  *Activities:*

  =E2=80=A2 Enhanced project navigation and symbol search capabilities

  =E2=80=A2 Better integration with Dune package management workflows

  =E2=80=A2 ["Internship Report: Refactoring Tools Coming to Merlin"] - new
    extract command for refactoring

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 Release of [OCaml-LSP 1.23.0]

  =E2=80=A2 Release of [Merlin 5.5-503]

  =E2=80=A2 OCaml 4.14 support with [OCaml-LSP 1.21.0-4.14] and [Merlin
    4.19-414]

  *OCaml LSP Server maintained by*: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides),
   Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg,
   Jane Street)

  *Merlin maintained by*: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier Van
   de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides)


  ["Internship Report: Refactoring Tools Coming to Merlin"]
  

  [OCaml-LSP 1.23.0]
  

  [Merlin 5.5-503]
  

  [OCaml-LSP 1.21.0-4.14]
  

  [Merlin 4.19-414]
  


=E2=97=8A Emacs Integration

  The introduction of ocaml-eglot provides Emacs users with modern
  LSP-based OCaml support as an alternative to the traditional
  merlin.el. This package leverages Emacs 29's built-in eglot LSP
  client, offering simplified configuration and access to project-wide
  features previously unavailable in Emacs.

  ocaml-eglot provides feature parity with other editors through
  ocaml-lsp-server, including project-wide search and rename
  capabilities. For users migrating from merlin.el, existing keybindings
  work immediately. The package is actively maintained, while merlin.el
  enters maintenance-only mode.

  The integration works with any OCaml major mode (tuareg, caml-mode, or
  neocaml) and provides error navigation, type information display, code
  generation through the "destruct" feature, and enhanced navigation
  between language constructs.

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-eglot 1.0.0 release] bringing LSP to Emacs

  =E2=80=A2 Subsequent releases 1.1.0 and 1.2.0 adding flycheck support and
    Emacs 30.1 compatibility

  =E2=80=A2 Active development replacing maintenance-only merlin.el


  [ocaml-eglot 1.0.0 release]
  


=E2=97=8A Visual Studio Code Plugin

  We're happy to announce that the Visual Studio Code editor plugin now
  integrates seamlessly with Dune package management! This is an
  important milestone for [Dune package management], and if you haven't
  tried it, or have been waiting for it to mature, now is a great time
  to get started!

  Development continues on improving the OCaml VSCode editor plugin
  experience. For example, when using opam to manage your project's
  dependencies and `ocaml-lsp-server' is not found in the opam switch,
  the plugin will now prompt users to install it.

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 Automatically installing/updating ocaml-lsp-server ([#1725])

  =E2=80=A2 Automatically configuring dune package management ([#1791])


  [Dune package management]
  

  [#1725] 

  [#1791] 


Documentation Tools
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Roadmap*: [Share / (W25) Generate Documentation]


[Share / (W25) Generate Documentation]


=E2=97=8A Odoc

  Odoc 3.1.0 continues to refine the modern documentation experience
  introduced with Odoc 3.0. The cross-package linking system and
  multimedia support capabilities help teams create comprehensive and
  discoverable documentation for complex systems.

  The improved documentation tooling addresses ecosystem discoverability
  and maintainability. The ability to generate interconnected
  documentation across multiple packages makes large OCaml codebases
  more accessible for new team members and external collaborators.

  Work continues on integrating Odoc 3.x with the OCaml.org
  documentation pipeline to provide a unified documentation experience
  across the ecosystem. As of July 2025, Odoc 3 is now live on
  OCaml.org, bringing the new features to the entire package
  ecosystem. The improved pipeline addresses dependency complexities by
  using new tooling that archives and restores opam packages,
  eliminating redundant builds that previously occurred thousands of
  times.

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Odoc 3.1.0]

  =E2=80=A2 ["Odoc 3 is now live on OCaml.org!"] - Jon Ludlam's blog post a=
bout
    the deployment of Odoc 3 to ocaml.org

  =E2=80=A2 ["Odoc 3: So what?"] - in-depth explanation of Odoc 3's
    manual-focused features

  =E2=80=A2 Continued work on OCaml.org documentation pipeline integration
    through new package archiving tools

  *Maintained by*: Jon Ludlam (@jonludlam, Tarides), Daniel B=C3=BCnzli
   (@dbuenzli), Jules Aguillon (@julow, Tarides), Paul-Elliot Angl=C3=A8s
   d'Auriac (@panglesd, Tarides), Emile Trotignon (@EmileTrotignon,
   Tarides, then Ahrefs)


  [Release of Odoc 3.1.0]
  

  ["Odoc 3 is now live on OCaml.org!"]
  

  ["Odoc 3: So what?"] 


Ppxlib
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Ppxlib 0.36.1 refines the improvements introduced in version 0.36.0,
  which updated the internal AST to target OCaml 5.2. This enables ppx
  authors to leverage features from OCaml 5.2 while maintaining
  compatibility with OCaml 4.08.0 and newer.

  The update includes changes to the representation of functions, and
  package authors are encouraged to consult [the upgrade guide] as some
  ppxes may require updates.

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Ppxlib 0.36.1]

  =E2=80=A2 Enhanced support for OCaml 5.2 AST features and compatibility
    improvements

  *Maintained by*: Patrick Ferris ([@patricoferris])


[the upgrade guide]


[Release of Ppxlib 0.36.1]


[@patricoferris] 


OCaml 5.4.0
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  OCaml 5.4.0-beta1 provides early access to upcoming compiler
  improvements and serves as a validation point for the ecosystem. The
  beta release allows forward-looking projects to begin testing
  compatibility with the new version while the broader ecosystem
  prepares for the eventual stable release.

  The continued parallel maintenance of OCaml 4.14 LTS ensures that
  projects with longer upgrade cycles maintain access to critical
  updates without forced compiler upgrades. This dual-track approach
  provides flexibility for organizations with different risk tolerance
  levels.

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5.4.0-beta1 release] for early testing

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5.4.0-alpha1] provided initial preview

  =E2=80=A2 Continued LTS support for OCaml 4.14 users


[OCaml 5.4.0-beta1 release]


[OCaml 5.4.0-alpha1]



Utop
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Utop 2.16.0 adds OCaml 5.4 support, restores backtrace functionality,
  improves preprocessor and Emacs integration, and relocates
  configuration files to a dedicated utop subdirectory.

  *Notable Activity:*

  =E2=80=A2 [Release of Utop 2.16.0]

  We are seeing continued progress toward making OCaml development more
  accessible and productive. The maturation of Dune package management,
  stability improvements in opam 2.4.0, and enhanced editor support
  provide a solid foundation for teams adopting OCaml or expanding their
  existing OCaml usage.


[Release of Utop 2.16.0]



ppx_format
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Emile Trotignon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I happy to announce the first release of [ppx_format].

  Its a small ppx rewriter that was first written at the mirage retreat
  in 24 with @PizieDust, and that allows to put values in the middle of
  format strings:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let s =3D "World"
  =E2=94=82 let x =3D 123
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D Format.printf {%i|Hello {%s s} {%a Format.pp_print_c=
har % Char.chr 65} {%d x}%!|}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Its compatible with any function that takes format strings. The only
  constraint is that the format string has to be the last argument.

  I have used at in some of my projects, and it will be available on
  opam as soon as the release PR is merged.


[ppx_format] 


New release of Menhir (20250903)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce a new release of Menhir. The main change
  is improved parser construction time in `--table' mode.

  =E2=80=A2 The table back-end uses a new table compression algorithm.

    This algorithm is significantly faster than the previous algorithm:
    in our tests, it can be up to 8 times faster. This results in
    observably faster compilation: for example, the time required to
    compile the OCaml parser drops from 1.2 seconds to 0.6 seconds.

    Compared with the previous algorithm, the new algorithm produces
    results of roughly similar quality: the size of the compressed
    tables can increase or decrease by a few percent, up to 20% in the
    most dramatic cases. On average, we observe a 1% increase in size.

    The use of the previous algorithm can be requested by the command
    line switch `--pack-classic'. This command line switch may disappear
    in the future.

    (Contributed by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour; reviewed by Fran=C3=A7ois Pott=
ier.)

  To install this release, please type:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update && opam install menhir.20250903
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Happy parsing, Fran=C3=A7ois.


Chat plugin activated, and adding more site categories
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Anil Madhavapeddy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Following the discussion in
  
  , I=E2=80=99ve activated the chat functionality on this site, with one new
  channel (  ).  Join in and
  experiment with it, and give feedback on this thread!

  We=E2=80=99ve also not refreshed the site categories here for some time. =
Back
  in about 2019, we experimented with a private maintainers category,
  but others are possible:

  =E2=80=A2 Discourse has RSS/Atom auto-posting support. We can add the
     to this, which seems like a good place
    to make that more visible. I propose a new category =E2=80=9CChangeLog=
=E2=80=9D for
    this (other names welcome).
  =E2=80=A2 I=E2=80=99m also knocking up a script to do weekly reports from=
 the opam
    repository, which was originally for my own use, but I could make
    this public. Would others be interested in a weekly digest post here
    about =E2=80=9Cnew and updated packages=E2=80=9D?
  =E2=80=A2 Any other categories you=E2=80=99d like to see? I can=E2=80=99t=
 see an easy way to
    bridge GitHub discussions with this forum, unfortunately, but please
    do poke around the Discourse docs and see if you can find something.


Outreachy Mentors Wanted
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Patrick Ferris announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm excited to share that the OCaml community has secured funding for
  the next round of Outreachy. Thanks to [Jane Street] and [Tarides], we
  have funding for 3 mentees in the next cohort of Outreachy internships
  alongside 3/4 mentors. *We are actively seeking mentors and projects
  for the OCaml community*. If you haven't already, please do read our
  previous post about becoming an Outreachy mentor:
  .

  If you have any questions please reach out to me directly or here on
  this thread. To sign up, [please use this link to the Outreachy signup
  page]. If you would like to co-mentor (i.e. support a project but not
  lead that project), let people know by commenting on this thread.

  Thanks!


[Jane Street] 

[Tarides] 

[please use this link to the Outreachy signup page]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]
  =E2=80=A2 [Giving hub.cl an upgrade]
  =E2=80=A2 [Outreachy May 2025 Demo Day]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Weekly 2025 w32 to w35]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Upcoming OCaml Events] 

[Giving hub.cl an upgrade]


[Outreachy May 2025 Demo Day]


[OCaml Weekly 2025 w32 to w35]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 02 to 09, 2=
025.

    



    

    OCaml Platform Newsletter: May to August 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-platform-newsl=
etter-may-to-august-2025/17208/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the fifteenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this May to August 2025 edition, we are excited to bring you the latest =
on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting recent deve=
lopments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're headed, esp=
ecially regarding development workflows and user experience improvements, c=
heck out our roadmap.

    


    
You can subscribe to this newsletter on LinkedIn!

    


    
Highlights:

    


      

    • Enhanced Editor Integration: OCaml-LSP 1.23.0 and Merlin 5.5 pro=
vide improved project navigation and error reporting. New ocaml-eglot bring=
s modern LSP support to Emacs users. Continued work on project-wide feature=
s brings OCaml's development experience closer to modern IDEs.
      • 


    • Enhanced Package Management: opam 2.4.0 stable release eliminate=
s GNU patch/diff dependencies, improves newcomer experience by avoiding pro=
blematic system compilers by default, and provides better handling of depre=
cated packages. This addresses common setup issues that previously complica=
ted OCaml adoption.
      • 


    • Improved Testing Workflows: Dune 3.20 introduces concurrent watc=
h mode operations, named test aliases for running specific tests (@ru=
ntest-testname), and timeout support for cram tests.
      • 


    • Documentation and Tooling Maturity: Odoc 3.1.0 refines cross-pac=
kage linking capabilities.
      • 


    • OCaml 5.4.0-beta1: you can help test upcoming compiler improveme=
nts!
      • 

    


    
Announcements:

    




    
Stable Releases:

    




    
Unstable Releases:

    



    

    

    Dune
    

    

    
Roadmap: Develop / (W4) Build a Project

    


    
The release introduces the dune describe location command for =
printing the path to executables.

    


    
dune runtest now understands absolute paths and can run tests =
in specific build contexts. Improvements to cram test handling fix issues w=
here tests attached to multiple aliases would run multiple times.

    

    

      

    • Testing Workflow Improvements
      

      

      
Dune 3.20 significantly improves testing workflows with named test aliases.=
 Tests declared with (test (name a)) can now be run individual=
ly using dune build @runtest-a. Inline test libraries produce =
aliases like @runtest-name_of_lib, allowing targeted execution=
 of specific test suites without running the entire test battery.

      


      
The new (timeout <float>) field for cram tests prevents =
runaway tests from blocking CI pipelines. Combined with the ability to run =
dune promote while watch mode is active, these features remove=
 common friction points in test-driven development workflows.

      

      

      • 

    • Performance and Watch Mode Enhancements
      

      

      
Dune's watch mode now supports concurrent dune exec operations=
 and file promotion without requiring restarts, maintaining development flo=
w during iterative changes.

      


      
The introduction of the 'empty' alias containing no targets provides more f=
lexible build target management. New --alias and --alias=
-rec flags offer alternatives to the @@ and @ command-line syntax.

      


      
Dune 3.20 switches from MD5 to BLAKE3 for digesting targets and rules, prov=
iding both performance improvements and better cryptographic properties.

      


      
Activities:

      


        

      • Enhanced implicit transitive dependency handling for OCaml 5.2+ compati=
bility (#11866)


      • Improved alias system with new 'empty' alias support (#11556, #11952, #11955, #11956)
        • 


      • Better integration between promotion workflows and watch mode (#12010)
        • 


      • Fixed cram test duplicate execution issues (#11547)
        • 


      • Added timeout support for cram tests (#12041)
        • 


      • Added dune describe location command (#11905)
        • 


      • Named test aliases for targeted test execution (#11558, #11109)
        • 


      • BLAKE3 migration for improved performance (#11735)
        • 

      


      
Maintained by: Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane Street), Nicol=C3=A1s=
 Ojeda B=C3=A4r (@nojb, LexiFi), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, Tarides)=
, Ali Caglayan (@Alizter), Etienne Millon (@emillon), Stephen Sherratt (@gr=
idbugs, Tarides), Antonio Nuno Monteiro (@anmonteiro), Etienne Marais (@mai=
ste, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    • Dune Package Management
      

      

      
Portable lock directories appear as an experimental feature. This is a majo=
r prospective enhancement for teams working across different platforms. Loc=
kfile naming in the experimental feature now includes version numbers (e.g.=
, ocaml-compiler.5.3.0.pkg instead of ocaml-compiler.pkg=
) to handle cases where different platforms require different packag=
e versions in the same project.

      


      
The portable external dependencies feature extends this capability to syste=
m-level dependencies, ensuring consistent build environments across develop=
ment, testing, and production systems. Combined with the existing binary ca=
che system, this could reduce the complexity of managing OCaml projects in =
diverse environments.

      


      
Note however, that the outcome of these experiments, and whether they matur=
e into features on the stable version of Dune is still open. If you would l=
ike to help test and give feedback: run dune pkg lock and, if =
you encounter issues, please report them!

      


      
At dune.check.ci.dev, continuous =
monitoring shows ecosystem compatibility progress, with a large part of Dun=
e-based packages in opam-repository now building successfully with Dune pac=
kage management.

      


      
Activities:

      



      

      • 

    • Dune Developer Preview
      

      

      
Dune Developer Preview continues t=
o serve as an experimental channel for cutting-edge OCaml development featu=
res. The tooling includes built-in LSP support, formatting capabilities, an=
d a shared cache that improves build performance.

      


      
The team has expanded testing beyond initial projects to include broader ec=
osystem validation. The binary repository provides static Linux binaries (b=
uilt with musl) that work across distributions, along with native binaries =
for macOS on both x86_64 and aarch64 architectures.

      


      
Activities:

      


        

      • Enhanced LSP integration through automated tool management
        • 


      • Expanded ecosystem compatibility testing as documented in the Opam Health Check blo=
g post
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Package Management
    

    

    

      

    • Opam
      

      

      
The stable release of opam 2.4.0 represents a significant improvement in cr=
oss-platform reliability and user experience. The elimination of GNU =
patch and diff as runtime dependencies removes a major =
source of configuration issues that previously complicated deployment and C=
I/CD pipelines. The package manager now uses the native OCaml patch library instead.

      


      
The default compiler selection during opam init no longer uses=
 ocaml-system, which was a common source of setup problems acr=
oss different development environments. This change provides a more consist=
ent onboarding experience for newcomers to OCaml.

      


      
Package lifecycle management receives clearer visibility through enhanced h=
andling of deprecated packages. The opam show command displays=
 deprecated packages in gray, while opam upgrade removes confu=
sing "not up-to-date" messages for packages being phased out.

      


      
Development workflows benefit from the new OPAMSOLVERTOLERANCE=
 environment variable, which addresses persistent solver timeout issues. Th=
e enhanced pinning system now displays current revisions of pinned reposito=
ries, providing better transparency in development workflows that rely on u=
nreleased versions.

      


      
For Windows users, the prebuilt binaries now include Cygwin's setup executa=
ble as a fallback when cygwin.com is inaccessible, improving reliability in=
 restricted network environments.

      


      
Notable Activity:

      


        

      • opam 2.4.0 stable r=
elease with comprehensive improvements
        • 


      • Use patch OCaml library instead of the patch =
command (#5892)
        • 


      • UX improvements: remove ocaml-system from default compiler=
 at init (#6307)


      • Provide a way to avoid solver timeouts (#5510)
        • 


      • Add opam lock <pkg> --keep-local (#6411)
        • 

      


      
Maintained by: Raja Boujbel (@rjbou, OCamlPro), Kate Deplaix (@kit-t=
y-kate, Ahrefs), David Allsopp (@dra27, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Editor Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Edit / (W19) Navigate Code, Edit / (W20) Refactor Code

    

    

      

    • OCaml LSP Server and Merlin
      

      

      
The release of OCaml-LSP 1.23.0 and Merlin 5.5 brings enhanced project navi=
gation and error reporting capabilities. The release addresses several long=
-standing issues with jump-to-definition, occurrences reporting, and inlay =
hints while adding new utilities for working with typed holes.

      


      
Project-wide features continue to evolve, with cross-project symbol search =
and refactoring capabilities bringing OCaml's editor support in line with o=
ther modern programming languages. The features work by building an index w=
ith dune build @build-index -w and provide comprehensive symbo=
l searching across entire codebases.

      


      
By the way: we are currently working on a refactor feature that enables aut=
omatically extracting and inlining function parameters!

      


      
Support for OCaml 4.14 continues with dedicated releases (OCaml-LSP 1.21.0-=
4.14 and Merlin 4.19-414).

      


      
Activities:

      




      
Notable Activity:

      




      
OCaml LSP Server maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Taride=
s), Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane=
 Street)

      


      
Merlin maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier=
 Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    • Emacs Integration
      

      

      
The introduction of ocaml-eglot provides Emacs users with modern LSP-based =
OCaml support as an alternative to the traditional merlin.el. This package =
leverages Emacs 29's built-in eglot LSP client, offering simplified configu=
ration and access to project-wide features previously unavailable in Emacs.

      


      
ocaml-eglot provides feature parity with other editors through ocaml-lsp-se=
rver, including project-wide search and rename capabilities. For users migr=
ating from merlin.el, existing keybindings work immediately. The package is=
 actively maintained, while merlin.el enters maintenance-only mode.

      


      
The integration works with any OCaml major mode (tuareg, caml-mode, or neoc=
aml) and provides error navigation, type information display, code generati=
on through the "destruct" feature, and enhanced navigation between language=
 constructs.

      


      
Notable Activity:

      


        

      • ocaml-eglot 1.0.0 release bringing LSP to Emacs
        • 


      • Subsequent releases 1.1.0 and 1.2.0 adding flycheck support and Emacs 3=
0.1 compatibility
        • 


      • Active development replacing maintenance-only merlin.el
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Visual Studio Code Plugin
      

      

      
We're happy to announce that the Visual Studio Code editor plugin now integ=
rates seamlessly with Dune package management! This is an important milesto=
ne for Dune package management, and if you haven't =
tried it, or have been waiting for it to mature, now is a great time to get=
 started!

      


      
Development continues on improving the OCaml VSCode editor plugin experienc=
e. For example, when using opam to manage your project's dependencies and <=
code>ocaml-lsp-server is not found in the opam switch, the plugin wi=
ll now prompt users to install it.

      


      
Notable Activity:

      


        

      • Automatically installing/updating ocaml-lsp-server (#1725)
        • 


      • Automatically configuring dune package management (#1791)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Documentation Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Share / (W25) Generate Documentation

    

    

      

    • Odoc
      

      

      
Odoc 3.1.0 continues to refine the modern documentation experience introduc=
ed with Odoc 3.0. The cross-package linking system and multimedia support c=
apabilities help teams create comprehensive and discoverable documentation =
for complex systems.

      


      
The improved documentation tooling addresses ecosystem discoverability and =
maintainability. The ability to generate interconnected documentation acros=
s multiple packages makes large OCaml codebases more accessible for new tea=
m members and external collaborators.

      


      
Work continues on integrating Odoc 3.x with the OCaml.org documentation pip=
eline to provide a unified documentation experience across the ecosystem. A=
s of July 2025, Odoc 3 is now live on OCaml.org, bringing the new features =
to the entire package ecosystem. The improved pipeline addresses dependency=
 complexities by using new tooling that archives and restores opam packages=
, eliminating redundant builds that previously occurred thousands of times.

      


      
Notable Activity:

      




      
Maintained by: Jon Ludlam (@jonludlam, Tarides), Daniel B=C3=BCnzli =
(@dbuenzli), Jules Aguillon (@julow, Tarides), Paul-Elliot Angl=C3=A8s d'Au=
riac (@panglesd, Tarides), Emile Trotignon (@EmileTrotignon, Tarides, then =
Ahrefs)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Ppxlib
    

    

    
Ppxlib 0.36.1 refines the improvements introduced in version 0.36.0, which =
updated the internal AST to target OCaml 5.2. This enables ppx authors to l=
everage features from OCaml 5.2 while maintaining compatibility with OCaml =
4.08.0 and newer.

    


    
The update includes changes to the representation of functions, and package=
 authors are encouraged to consult the upgrade guide as some ppxes=
 may require updates.

    


    
Notable Activity:

    




    
Maintained by: Patrick Ferris (@patricoferris)

    

    

    

    

    OCaml 5.4.0
    

    

    
OCaml 5.4.0-beta1 provides early access to upcoming compiler improvements a=
nd serves as a validation point for the ecosystem. The beta release allows =
forward-looking projects to begin testing compatibility with the new versio=
n while the broader ecosystem prepares for the eventual stable release.

    


    
The continued parallel maintenance of OCaml 4.14 LTS ensures that projects =
with longer upgrade cycles maintain access to critical updates without forc=
ed compiler upgrades. This dual-track approach provides flexibility for org=
anizations with different risk tolerance levels.

    


    
Notable Activity:

    



    

    

    

    Utop
    

    

    
Utop 2.16.0 adds OCaml 5.4 support, restores backtrace functionality, impro=
ves preprocessor and Emacs integration, and relocates configuration files t=
o a dedicated utop subdirectory.

    


    
Notable Activity:

    




    
We are seeing continued progress toward making OCaml development more acces=
sible and productive. The maturation of Dune package management, stability =
improvements in opam 2.4.0, and enhanced editor support provide a solid fou=
ndation for teams adopting OCaml or expanding their existing OCaml usage.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ppx_format
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-format/17211/1

    

    

    

    Emile Trotignon announced
    

    

    
I happy to announce the first release of ppx_format.

    


    
Its a small ppx rewriter that was first written at the mirage retreat in 24=
 with @PizieDust, and that allows to put values in the middle of format str=
ings:

    


    

    let s =3D "World"
let x =3D 123
let () =3D Format.printf {%i|H=
ello {%s s} {%a Format.pp_=
print_char % Char.chr 65} {%d x}<=
span style=3D"color: #a52a2a;">%!|}

    

    


    
Its compatible with any function that takes format strings. The only constr=
aint is that the format string has to be the last argument.

    


    
I have used at in some of my projects, and it will be available on opam as =
soon as the release PR is merged.

    

    

    

    

    

    New release of Menhir (20250903)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-menhir-2025=
0903/17212/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce a new release of Menhir. The main change is i=
mproved parser construction time in --table mode.

    


      

    • 
The table back-end uses a new table compression algorithm.

      


      
This algorithm is significantly faster than the previous algorithm: in our =
tests, it can be up to 8 times faster. This results in observably faster co=
mpilation: for example, the time required to compile the OCaml parser drops=
 from 1.2 seconds to 0.6 seconds.

      


      
Compared with the previous algorithm, the new algorithm produces results of=
 roughly similar quality: the size of the compressed tables can increase or=
 decrease by a few percent, up to 20% in the most dramatic cases. On averag=
e, we observe a 1% increase in size.

      


      
The use of the previous algorithm can be requested by the command line swit=
ch --pack-classic. This command line switch may disappear in t=
he future.

      


      
(Contributed by Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Bour; reviewed by Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier.)

      • 

    


    
To install this release, please type:

    

    opam update && opam install menhir.20250903

    


    
Happy parsing,
Fran=C3=A7ois.

    

    

    

    

    

    Chat plugin activated, and adding more site categories
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/chat-plugin=
-activated-and-adding-more-site-categories/17220/1

    

    

    

    Anil Madhavapeddy announced
    

    

    
Following the discussion in https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/synchronous-discussion-channel-for-compiler-contributors/17198=
 , I=E2=80=99ve activated the chat functionality on this site, with one new=
 channel ( https://d=
iscuss.ocaml.org/chat/c/general/2 ).  Join in and experiment with it, a=
nd give feedback on this thread!

    


    
We=E2=80=99ve also not refreshed the site categories here for some time. Ba=
ck in about 2019, we experimented with a private maintainers category, but =
others are possible:

    


      

    • Discourse has RSS/Atom auto-posting support. We can add the https://ocaml.org/changelog to this, which=
 seems like a good place to make that more visible. I propose a new categor=
y =E2=80=9CChangeLog=E2=80=9D for this (other names welcome).
      • 

    • I=E2=80=99m also knocking up a script to do weekly reports from the opa=
m repository, which was originally for my own use, but I could make this pu=
blic. Would others be interested in a weekly digest post here about =E2=80=
=9Cnew and updated packages=E2=80=9D?
      • 

    • Any other categories you=E2=80=99d like to see? I can=E2=80=99t see an =
easy way to bridge GitHub discussions with this forum, unfortunately, but p=
lease do poke around the Discourse docs and see if you can find something.<=
/li>

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy Mentors Wanted
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-mentors-wanted/17224/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
I'm excited to share that the OCaml community has secured funding for the n=
ext round of Outreachy. Thanks to J=
ane Street and Tarides, we have fu=
nding for 3 mentees in the next cohort of Outreachy internships alongside 3=
/4 mentors. We are actively seeking mentors and projects for the OCaml c=
ommunity. If you haven't already, please do read our previous post abou=
t becoming an Outreachy mentor: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/become-an-outreachy-mentor-support-th=
e-growth-and-diversity-of-the-ocaml-community/8213.

    


    
If you have any questions please reach out to me directly or here on this t=
hread. To sign up, please use this l=
ink to the Outreachy signup page. If you would like to co-mentor (i.e. =
support a project but not lead that project), let people know by commenting=
 on this thread.

    


    
Thanks!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 09 to
16, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Dune dev meeting
Dune 3.20
OCaml compiler office hours? (preparation thread)
Second beta release of OCaml 5.4.0
Unicode 17.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
Scope Image File Viewer
OCaml security team
Testo 0.2.0 - test library with support for snapshots, parallel runs, xfail=
s, timeouts
tinyfiledialogs bindings
RFC: `for...in' construct
dead_code_analyzer 1.0.0
Relocatable OCaml
FUN OCaml is live on YouTube and Twitch
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Dune dev meeting
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Shon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone! :camel:

  Starting tomorrow, Wednesday September 9th, 2025, *we will begin
  holding our Dune dev meeting WEEKLY, every Wednesday*, at alternating
  time slots.

  Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or
  just curious, you are always welcome to join: these discussions are
  open! The goal of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the
  ongoing work together and synchronize between the Dune developers
  :smile:

  However, we will no longer be manually announcing these meetings, as
  they are at set recurring times, and the meeting times and ways to
  participate are well documented.


:calendar: Agenda and Notes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If there is a prior agenda, it will be available on the dedicated
  meeting page [available from or dev wiki]. Feel free to ask if you
  want to add more items in it.

  You may review the meeting notes for any past meetings from the very
  same pages.


[available from or dev wiki] 


:computer: Links
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Meeting link:[ zoom]
  =E2=80=A2 Calendar event:[ google calendar]
  =E2=80=A2 Wiki with information and previous notes: [dune wiki on GitHub]

  :heart:


[ zoom]


[ google calendar]


[dune wiki on GitHub] 


Dune 3.20
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Etienne Marais announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Dune Team is happy to announce the release of Dune `3.20.2'.

  This release comes with some fixes regarding `js_of_ocaml' and `cram'
  test. It also fixes `dune' when using Cygwin.


Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Fixed

  =E2=80=A2 Fix jsoo separate compilation with
    modules_without_implementation. Regression introduced in
    ocaml/dune#10767. (ocaml/dune#12320, fixes ocaml/dune#12306 @hhugo)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix `runtest-js' mistakenly using wrong dependencies
    (ocaml/dune#12324, @vouillon)

  =E2=80=A2 Remove empty `.cram.test.t' directory during the running of a c=
ram
    test.  (ocaml/dune#12329, fixes ocaml/dune#12321, @Alizter)

  =E2=80=A2 Fix Cygwin bootstrap (ocaml/dune#12325, fixes ocaml/dune#12316,
    @Alizter)


OCaml compiler office hours? (preparation thread)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Following our current discussion on making participation to the OCaml
  compiler development more inviting
  (,
  
  ), I propose to give a try to "OCaml compiler office hours". My idea
  is to do this once during a week day around the end of September (and
  then we see how it goes).

  =E2=80=A2 Format: a synchronous remote meeting (voice with optional video=
),
    backed by a collaborative pad to record questions, take notes, share
    links etc.
  =E2=80=A2 Topic: anything related to the development of the OCaml compile=
r,
    that is, the github/ocaml/ocaml project. (All topics and questions
    are welcome, at all levels of knowledge and familiarity with the
    compiler.)
  =E2=80=A2 Duration: probably one to two hours, but the idea of "office ho=
urs"
    is that people can of course join late and leave at any time.

  I am including below a poll to ask which time slots would be possible
  / comfortable for prospective attendants. (As the organizer, I
  pre-selected slots that are comfortable for me.)  Please only answer
  the poll if you are motivated to attend such a meeting (the
  preferences may different from the general timezone of the OCaml
  community).

  /Editor=E2=80=99s note: please follow the archive link above to access the
  poll./

  (If we do this several time we will of course think of a rotation to
  accomodate people from different timezones.)


Second beta release of OCaml 5.4.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  After an extended summer break, the release of OCaml 5.4.0 is getting
  close.

  Since there have been a handful of meaningful bug fixes this summer,
  we are releasing a second beta version of OCaml 5.4.0 to help you
  update your software and libraries ahead of the release (see below for
  the installation instructions). More information about the whole
  release process is now available in the [compiler repository].

  Compared to the first beta release, this beta release contains four
  notable bug fixes:
  =E2=80=A2 one type system bugfix for variance annotation on private types
  =E2=80=A2 one memory concurrency safety fix for weak pointers
  =E2=80=A2 two Windows fixes

  Those fixes are complemented by:
  =E2=80=A2 one runtime performance fix
  =E2=80=A2 three tools and compiler-libs related fixes
  =E2=80=A2 one error message fix.

  The full list of fixes for this second beta is available below.

  Overall, this beta release is already quite stable.  If the tests for
  this beta release go well, we are expecting to have a first release
  candidate in the week of the 22 September, and the full release in the
  beginning of October.

  If you find any bugs, please report them on [OCaml's issue tracker].

  The last progresses on stabilising the ecosystem are still tracked on
  the [opam readiness for 5.4.0 meta-issue].


  If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the
  new OCaml version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.4.0 is available
  [on GitHub].

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team


[compiler repository]


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[opam readiness for 5.4.0 meta-issue]


[on GitHub] 

Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.4.0~beta2
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 [GitHub]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml archives at Inria]


[GitHub] 

[OCaml archives at Inria]


=E2=97=8A Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.4.0~beta2+opt=
ions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.4.0~beta2+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.4.=
0~beta2+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Changes since the first beta
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Type system fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#14200], [#14202] : bad variance check with private aliases
    (Jacques Garrigue, report and review by Stephen Dolan)


  [#14200] 

  [#14202] 


=E2=97=8A Windows fixes

  =E2=80=A2 #13504, #13625, +[#14223]: Add `Thread.set_current_thread_name'.
    (Romain Beauxis, review by Gabriel Scherer and Antonin D=C3=A9cimo)

  =E2=80=A2 [#13541], [#13777]: Using C++11 `thread_local' causes name-mang=
ling
    issues when linking with flexlink on Cygwin.  (Antonin D=C3=A9cimo and
    David Allsopp, report by Kate Deplaix)


  [#14223] 

  [#13541] 

  [#13777] 


=E2=97=8A Runtime fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#14061], [#14209]: fix a memory-ordering bug in Weak.set that =
could
    result in uninitialized memory seen by Weak.get on another domain.
    (Damien Doligez, review by Gabriel Scherer)

  =E2=80=A2 [#14169]: runtime, fix cache miss within the stack fragments ca=
che
    (Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#14061] 

  [#14209] 

  [#14169] 


=E2=97=8A Tooling fixes

  =E2=80=A2 #13302, +[#14236]: Store locations of longidents components (Ul=
ysse
    G=C3=A9rard and Jules Aguillon, review by Jules Aguillon and Florian
    Angeletti)

  =E2=80=A2 #12642, #13536, +[#14184], +[#14192]: in the toplevel, print sh=
orter
    paths for constructors and labels when only some modules along their
    path are open.  (Gabriel Scherer, review by Florian Angeletti)

  =E2=80=A2 [#14196], [#14197]: ocamlprof: do not instrument unreachable cl=
auses
    (Gabriel Scherer, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, report by Ali
    Caglayan)


  [#14236] 

  [#14184] 

  [#14192] 

  [#14196] 

  [#14197] 


=E2=97=8A Error messages

  =E2=80=A2 [#14214], [#14221]: fix a confused error message for module
    inclusions, functor error messages were missing some type equalities
    potentially leading to nonsensical "type t is not compatible with
    type t" submessage (Florian Angeletti, report by Basile Cl=C3=A9ment,
    review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#14214] 

  [#14221] 


Unicode 17.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  Unicode 17.0.0 was released on September 9th. It adds 4803 new
  characters for a total of 159'801 characters.

  Among other interesting scripts, this adds support for the [Beria Erfe
  script], a modern-use script from Africa which coincidentally is also
  refered to as the *camel alphabet*.

  For more information about other additions see [this page].

  Accordingly these libraries had to be updated (aggregated, boring,
  release notes [here])

  =E2=80=A2 [Uucd] 17.0.0 Unicode character database decoder for OCaml, [do=
cs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Uucp] 17.0.0 Unicode character properties for OCaml, [docs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Uunf] 17.0.0 Unicode text normalization for OCaml, [docs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Uuseg] 17.0.0 Unicode text segmentation for OCaml, [docs]

  Both `Uucd' and `Uucp' are incompatible releases sinces new block and
  script enumerants were added.

  Other than that the minimal Unicode introduction and Unicode OCaml
  tips is still [here] and remember that despite the myths OCaml :heart:
  Unicode.

  A big thanks for funding from the [OCaml Software Foundation] and from
  my [donors].

  Daniel


[Beria Erfe script] 

[this page]


[here] 

[Uucd] 

[docs] 

[Uucp] 

[docs] 

[Uunf] 

[docs] 

[Uuseg] 

[docs] 

[here] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[donors] 


Scope Image File Viewer
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Charles Averill announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I wanted to mess around with image file parsing and ended up building
  a small image viewer application using SDL. Includes a few
  hand-written parsers as well as calls to SDL_Image for more
  complicated formats. Not super performant but working on it.

  


OCaml security team
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear everyone,

  we=E2=80=99ve accomplished several tasks:

  =E2=80=A2  is now live
  =E2=80=A2 The public mailing list for security advisories is
    sympa.inria.fr/sympa/info/ocsf-ocaml-security-announcements =E2=80=93 p=
lease
    subscribe if you=E2=80=99d like to receive security announcements
  =E2=80=A2 There=E2=80=99ll be a brief introduction at [Fun OCaml] and a t=
alk at [OCaml
    workshop (ICFP)] )16:00 - 16:30
  =E2=80=A2 We will have a public meeting for discussions on Oct 22nd 14:00=
 -
    16:00 CEST (online, yet to be announced where)
  =E2=80=A2 There=E2=80=99s already the OCaml security advisory database
     (still empty, we=E2=80=
=99ll
    fill it over the next weeks)


[Fun OCaml] 

[OCaml workshop (ICFP)]



Testo 0.2.0 - test library with support for snapshots, parallel runs, xfail=
s, timeouts
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Martin Jambon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Testo was designed as a feature-rich testing framework that makes
  common tasks easy and unusual ones possible. It is similar to Alcotest
  but supports more options including notably:

  =E2=80=A2 snapshotting: large output capture and diffing
  =E2=80=A2 test-driven development: write tests first, make them pass later
    (`~expected_outcome' option)
  =E2=80=A2 review test results without re-running them (`status' subcomman=
d)
  =E2=80=A2 fast parallel execution supporting Windows and older OCaml vers=
ions
    (>=3D 4.08)
  =E2=80=A2 complete [documentation]: [tutorial], [howto guides], [OCaml API
    reference]
  =E2=80=A2 timeouts (new!)

  We=E2=80=99ve been using Testo at [Semgrep] where we need the snapshotting
  feature to track the output of the `semgrep' command in end-to-end
  tests.

  [Changes since the last release] include bugfixes, a few new
  command-line options, and support for timeouts. Install it now with

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install testo
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Testo development is an open-source community effort that [happens on
  GitHub]. It has been funded by Semgrep, my employer and fine purveyor
  of application security software. We're planning for a 1.0 release
  once the known Windows-specific bugs are gone. No major breaking
  changes are in sight.

  For reference, the previous announcement from last year is [here].

  Enjoy your free software!


[documentation] 

[tutorial] 

[howto guides] 

[OCaml API reference]


[Semgrep] 

[Changes since the last release]


[happens on GitHub] 

[here]



tinyfiledialogs bindings
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Charles Averill announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Bindings to the cross-platform tinyfiledialogs library, providing an
  API for (you guessed it) simple graphical file/directory/color
  selection using what the host operating system provides.

  


RFC: `for...in' construct
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Sacha Ayoun announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  Here's [an RFC] I drafted for adding a `for...in' construct to the
  language. Feedback is welcome here :slight_smile:

  Some reservations were already voiced [here], and acknowledged in the
  RFC.


[an RFC] 

[here]



dead_code_analyzer 1.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


fantazio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Hello everyone,

  Almost 10 years later, the [dead_code_analyzer] is coming back !

  Thanks to all the more or less recent contributors and reviewers (I am
  not allowed to tag you all as a new user).

  The tool has been updated to *OCaml 5.2*. It is available on `opam'.
  There is planned work to update it to OCaml 5.3.  There is planned
  work to offer a version compatible with OCaml 4.14. However, there is
  no intent to maintain the `dead_code_analyzer' on any OCaml version
  other than the latest.

  This static analyzer is a complement to the compiler=E2=80=99s warnings on
  unused code constructs. It reads *.cmi* and *.cmt* files, produced by
  using `-keep-locs' (on by default) on *.mli* files and `-bin-annot' on
  *.ml* files.

  It scans a compiled OCaml project and reports various warnings about
  suspicious code:

  =E2=80=A2 exported values never used,
  =E2=80=A2 class fields never used,
  =E2=80=A2 constructors and record fields never used,
  =E2=80=A2 optional arguments always or never used,
  =E2=80=A2 some stylistic issues.

  By default, only the 3 first elements of the above list are reported.
  More details available in the project=E2=80=99s /[README]/. A more thorou=
gh
  documentation is in progress.


[dead_code_analyzer] 

[README]



Relocatable OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


David Allsopp announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my great pleasure, 3 years to the day since I finalised the
  first full demonstration of it in Ljubljana for the OCaml Workshop in
  2022, to announce the general availability of Relocatable OCaml for
  testing and review.

  For example, this creates a 5.4.0 switch (the good old-fashioned slow
  way):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ time opam switch create --repos=3Drelocatable=3Dgit+https://g=
ithub.com/dra27/opam-repository.git#relocatable,default original-compiler o=
caml.5.4.0
  =E2=94=82 real    1m27.646s
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  But, having run that, subsequent switches are a just a tad quicker:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ eval $(opam env)
  =E2=94=82 $ ocamlopt -where
  =E2=94=82 /home/opam/.opam/original-compiler/lib/ocaml
  =E2=94=82 $ time opam switch create . --repos=3Drelocatable,default ocaml=
.5.4.0
  =E2=94=82 real    0m5.105s
  =E2=94=82 $ eval $(opam env)
  =E2=94=82 $ ocamlopt -where
  =E2=94=82 /home/opam/myproject/_opam/lib/ocaml
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  And, um, that's it really!

  Oh, there are a few other things bundled into the [relocatable branch]
  on dra27/opam-repository:
  =E2=80=A2 It's available for all versions of OCaml since 4.08. They insta=
ll
    using their "trunk" versions - i.e. the version number of what would
    be the next release of OCaml (4.08.2, 4.09.2, 4.10.3, 4.11.3,
    4.12.2, 4.13.2, 4.14.3, 5.0.1, 5.1.2, 5.2.2, 5.1.3, pre-release
    5.4.0 and, for completeness, trunk OCaml is present as 5.5.0)
  =E2=80=A2 Relocatable versions of `ocamlbuild' and `ocamlfind' are includ=
ed,
    along with patches for `omod' and `stdcompat'
  =E2=80=A2 The `ocaml-option-' packages work for all of the older versions=
, too
  =E2=80=A2 They all work on Windows (including 4.08-4.12, which aren't yet
    available in opam-repository)
  =E2=80=A2 They all work on Apple silicon (including 4.08, 4.09 and 4.11)

  I have literally just opened the PRs on ocaml/ocaml
  ([ocaml/ocaml#14243], [ocaml/ocaml#14244], [ocaml/ocaml#14245] and
  [ocaml/ocaml#14246]). In the interests of those of us who maintain
  libraries and tools which have to target multiple versions of OCaml,
  there will be some kind of story for keeping these older versions
  available, but the focus for now will be reaching a consensus for
  merging the feature itself into OCaml 5.5.

  Please do test and report any issues at
  . Over-zealous lock-file
  systems notwithstanding, the compiler should be as "drop-in" a
  replacement as updating to any "point release" of the compiler
  (i.e. if you have something which works in OCaml 5.3.0 but doesn't
  work in Relocatable OCaml 5.3.1, that's a bug, and I'd _love_ to hear
  about it a.s.a.p., please!)


[relocatable branch]


[ocaml/ocaml#14243] 

[ocaml/ocaml#14244] 

[ocaml/ocaml#14245] 

[ocaml/ocaml#14246] 


FUN OCaml is live on YouTube and Twitch
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're at FUN OCaml and having some awesome OCaml talks today! And you
  can join us remotely. =F0=9F=A7=A1=F0=9F=90=AB

  For the schedule and links to the live streams of FUN OCaml 2025 from
  Warsaw, see

  

  We also have a discord server for FUN OCaml here:

  


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Relocatable OCaml - from concept to demo to PRs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]
  =E2=80=A2 [Shipping a robust DB migration runner for Chaufr (OCaml + Caqt=
i +
    Lwt)]
  =E2=80=A2 [FUN OCaml 2025 - Join us in Warsaw, Poland on September 15 for=
 a
    day full of presentations!]
  =E2=80=A2 [Dynamic Formal Verification in OCaml: An Ortac/QCheck-STM Tuto=
rial]
  =E2=80=A2 [Caching opam solutions]
  =E2=80=A2 [Build IDs for Day10]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Relocatable OCaml - from concept to demo to PRs]


[Upcoming OCaml Events] 

[Shipping a robust DB migration runner for Chaufr (OCaml + Caqti + Lwt)]


[FUN OCaml 2025 - Join us in Warsaw, Poland on September 15 for a day
full of presentations!]


[Dynamic Formal Verification in OCaml: An Ortac/QCheck-STM Tutorial]


[Caching opam solutions]


[Build IDs for Day10]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 09 to 16, 2=
025.

    



    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/34

    

    

    

    Shon announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone! :camel:

    


    
Starting tomorrow, Wednesday September 9th, 2025, we will begin holding =
our Dune dev meeting WEEKLY, every Wednesday, at alternating time slots.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are always welcome to join: these discussions are open! The goa=
l of these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work toget=
her and synchronize between the Dune developers :smile:

    


    
However, we will no longer be manually announcing these meetings, as they a=
re at set recurring times, and the meeting times and ways to participate ar=
e well documented.

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda and Notes
    

    

    
If there is a prior agenda, it will be available on the dedicated meeting p=
age available from or dev w=
iki. Feel free to ask if you want to add more items in it.

    


    
You may review the meeting notes for any past meetings from the very same p=
ages.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    



    
:heart:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.20
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-20/17150/13

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
The Dune Team is happy to announce the release of Dune 3.20.2.

    


    
This release comes with some fixes regarding js_of_ocaml and <=
code>cram test. It also fixes dune when using Cygwin.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • Fix jsoo separate compilation with modules_without_implementation. Regr=
ession
introduced in ocaml/dune#10767. (ocaml/dune#12320, fixes ocaml/dune#12306 @=
hhugo)
        • 


      • Fix runtest-js mistakenly using wrong dependencies (ocaml/=
dune#12324, @vouillon)
        • 


      • Remove empty .cram.test.t directory during the running of =
a cram test.
(ocaml/dune#12329, fixes ocaml/dune#12321, @Alizter)
        • 


      • Fix Cygwin bootstrap (ocaml/dune#12325, fixes ocaml/dune#12316, @Alizte=
r)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml compiler office hours? (preparation thread)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-compiler-off=
ice-hours-preparation-thread/17230/1

    

    

    

    gasche announced
    

    

    
Following our current discussion on making participation to the OCaml compi=
ler development more inviting (https://di=
scuss.ocaml.org/t/why-lean-4-replaced-ocaml-as-my-primary-language/17109/45=
?u=3Dgasche, https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
synchronous-discussion-channel-for-compiler-contributors/17198/1 ), I p=
ropose to give a try to "OCaml compiler office hours". My idea is to do thi=
s once during a week day around the end of September (and then we see how i=
t goes).

    


      

    • Format: a synchronous remote meeting (voice with optional video), backe=
d by a collaborative pad to record questions, take notes, share links etc.<=
/li>

    • Topic: anything related to the development of the OCaml compiler, that =
is, the github/ocaml/ocaml project. (All topics and questions are welcome, =
at all levels of knowledge and familiarity with the compiler.)
      • 

    • Duration: probably one to two hours, but the idea of "office hours" is =
that people can of course join late and leave at any time.
      • 

    


    
I am including below a poll to ask which time slots would be possible / com=
fortable for prospective attendants. (As the organizer, I pre-selected slot=
s that are comfortable for me.)
Please only answer the poll if you are motivated to attend such a meeting (=
the preferences may different from the general timezone of the OCaml commun=
ity).

    


    
Editor=E2=80=99s note: please follow the archive link above to access th=
e poll.

    


    
(If we do this several time we will of course think of a rotation to accomo=
date people from different timezones.)

    

    

    

    

    

    Second beta release of OCaml 5.4.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/second-beta-release-of-ocaml-5=
-4-0/17235/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
After an extended summer break, the release of OCaml 5.4.0 is getting close.

    


    
Since there have been a handful of meaningful bug fixes this summer,
we are releasing a second beta version of OCaml 5.4.0 to help you update
your software and libraries ahead of the release (see below for the
installation instructions). More information about the whole release proces=
s is
now available in the compiler repository.

    


    
Compared to the first beta release, this beta release contains four notable
bug fixes:

    

      

    • one type system bugfix for variance annotation on private types
      • 

    • one memory concurrency safety fix for weak pointers
      • 

    • two Windows fixes
      • 

    


    
Those fixes are complemented by:

    

      

    • one runtime performance fix
      • 

    • three tools and compiler-libs related fixes
      • 

    • one error message fix.
      • 

    


    
The full list of fixes for this second beta is available below.

    


    
Overall, this beta release is already quite stable.
If the tests for this beta release go well, we are expecting to have a firs=
t release
candidate in the week of the 22 September, and the full release in the begi=
nning
of October.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
The last progresses on stabilising the ecosystem are still tracked on the
opam read=
iness for 5.4.0 meta-issue.

    



    
If you are interested in full list of features and bug fixes of the new OCa=
ml
version, the updated change log for OCaml 5.4.0 is available on GitHub.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.4.0~beta2

    


    
The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

    



    

      

    • Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
      

      

      
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

      


      opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.4.0~beta2+options &=
lt;option_list>

      


      
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

      


      opam switch create 5.4.0~beta2+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.4.0~beta2+opti=
ons ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

      


      
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Changes since the first beta
    

    

    

      

    • Type system fix
      

      

        

      • #14200, #14202 : bad varia=
nce check with private aliases
(Jacques Garrigue, report and review by Stephen Dolan)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Windows fixes
      

      

        

      • #13504, #13625, +#14223: Add Thread.set_current_thread_name.
(Romain Beauxis, review by Gabriel Scherer and Antonin D=C3=A9cimo)
        • 


      • #13541, #13777: Using C++1=
1 thread_local causes name-mangling
issues when linking with flexlink on Cygwin.
(Antonin D=C3=A9cimo and David Allsopp, report by Kate Deplaix)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Runtime fixes
      

      

        

      • #14061, #14209: fix a memo=
ry-ordering bug in Weak.set that could
result in uninitialized memory seen by Weak.get on another domain.
(Damien Doligez, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 


      • #14169: run=
time, fix cache miss within the stack fragments cache
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Tooling fixes
      

      

        

      • #13302, +#14236=
: Store locations of longidents components
(Ulysse G=C3=A9rard and Jules Aguillon, review by Jules Aguillon
 and Florian Angeletti)
        • 


      • #12642, #13536, +#14184, +#141=
92: in the toplevel, print shorter paths for
constructors and labels when only some modules along their path are open.
 (Gabriel Scherer, review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 


      • #14196, #14197: ocamlprof:=
 do not instrument unreachable clauses
(Gabriel Scherer, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, report by Ali Cagl=
ayan)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Error messages
      

      

        

      • #14214, #14221: fix a conf=
used error message for module inclusions,
functor error messages were missing some type equalities potentially leading
to nonsensical "type t is not compatible with type t" submessage
(Florian Angeletti, report by Basile Cl=C3=A9ment, review by Gabriel Schere=
r)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Unicode 17.0.0 update for Uucd, Uucp, Uunf and Uuseg
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-unicod=
e-17-0-0-update-for-uucd-uucp-uunf-and-uuseg/17236/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
Hello,=20

    


    
Unicode 17.0.0 was released on September 9th. It adds 4803 new characters f=
or a total of 159'801 characters.

    


    
Among other interesting scripts, this adds support for the Beria Erfe script, a modern-=
use script from Africa which coincidentally is also refered to as the ca=
mel alphabet.=20

    


    
For more information about other additions see this page.

    


    
Accordingly these libraries had to be updated (aggregated, boring, release =
notes here<=
/a>)

    


      

    • Uucd 17.0.0 Unicode c=
haracter database decoder for OCaml, docs
      • 

    • Uucp 17.0.0 Unicode c=
haracter properties for OCaml, docs
      • 

    • Uunf 17.0.0 Unicode t=
ext normalization for OCaml, docs
      • 

    • Uuseg 17.0.0 Unicode=
 text segmentation for OCaml, docs
      • 

    


    
Both Uucd and Uucp are incompatible releases sinc=
es new block and script enumerants were added.

    


    
Other than that the minimal Unicode introduction and Unicode OCaml tips is =
still here<=
/a> and remember that despite the myths OCaml :heart: Unicode.

    


    
A big thanks for funding from the OCaml So=
ftware Foundation and from my donors.

    


    
Daniel

    

    

    

    


    

    OCaml security team
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-security-team/16902/5

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
we=E2=80=99ve accomplished several tasks:

    


      

    • https://ocaml.org/security i=
s now live
      • 

    • The public mailing list for security advisories is sympa.inria.fr/sympa=
/info/ocsf-ocaml-security-announcements =E2=80=93 please subscribe if you=
=E2=80=99d like to receive security announcements
      • 

    • There=E2=80=99ll be a brief introduction at Fun OCaml and a talk at OCaml workshop (ICFP) )16:00 - 16:30
      • 

    • We will have a public meeting for discussions on Oct 22nd 14:00 - 16:00=
 CEST (online, yet to be announced where)
      • 

    • There=E2=80=99s already the OCaml security advisory database https://github.com/ocaml/sec=
urity-advisories (still empty, we=E2=80=99ll fill it over the next week=
s)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Testo 0.2.0 - test library with support for snapshots, paralle=
l runs, xfails, timeouts
    

    

    
Archive: https:/=
/discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-testo-0-2-0-test-library-with-support-for-snapshot=
s-parallel-runs-xfails-timeouts/17242/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
Testo was designed as a feature-rich testing framework that makes common ta=
sks easy and unusual ones possible. It is similar to Alcotest but supports =
more options including notably:

    


      

    • snapshotting: large output capture and diffing
      • 

    • test-driven development: write tests first, make them pass later (~expected_outcome option)
      • 

    • review test results without re-running them (status subcom=
mand)
      • 

    • fast parallel execution supporting Windows and older OCaml versions (&g=
t;=3D 4.08)
      • 

    • complete documentation=
: tutorial, howto guides, OCaml AP=
I reference
      • 

    • timeouts (new!)
      • 

    


    
We=E2=80=99ve been using Testo at Semgrep where we need the snapshotting feature to track the outpu=
t of the semgrep command in end-to-end tests.

    


    
Changes sin=
ce the last release include bugfixes, a few new command-line options, a=
nd support for timeouts. Install it now with

    


    $ opam install testo

    


    
Testo development is an open-source community effort that happens on GitHub. It has been funded by Se=
mgrep, my employer and fine purveyor of application security software. We'r=
e planning for a 1.0 release once the known Windows-specific bugs are gone.=
 No major breaking changes are in sight.

    


    
For reference, the previous announcement from last year is here.

    


    
Enjoy your free software!

    

    

    

    

    

    tinyfiledialogs bindings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tinyfiledialogs-bindings/17243/1=


    

    

    

    Charles Averill announced
    

    

    
Bindings to the cross-platform tinyfiledialogs library, providing an API fo=
r (you guessed it) simple graphical file/directory/color selection using wh=
at the host operating system provides.=20

    


    
https://opam.o=
caml.org/packages/tinyfiledialogs/

    

    

    

    

    

    RFC: for...in construct
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rfc-for-in-construct/17250/1

    

    

    

    Sacha Ayoun announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
Here's an RFC I draft=
ed for adding a for...in construct to the language. Feedback i=
s welcome here :slight_smile:=20

    


    
Some reservations were already voiced here, and acknowledged in the RFC.

    

    

    

    

    

    dead_code_analyzer 1.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dead-code-analyzer-1-0-0/17251/1=


    

    

    

    fantazio announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone,

    


    
Almost 10 years later, the dead_code_analyzer is coming back !

    


    
Thanks to all the more or less recent contributors and reviewers (I am not =
allowed to tag you all as a new user).

    


    
The tool has been updated to OCaml 5.2. It is available on opa=
m.
There is planned work to update it to OCaml 5.3.
There is planned work to offer a version compatible with OCaml 4.14. Howeve=
r, there is no intent to maintain the dead_code_analyzer on an=
y OCaml version other than the latest.

    


    
This static analyzer is a complement to the compiler=E2=80=99s warnings on =
unused code constructs. It reads .cmi and .cmt files, produce=
d by using -keep-locs (on by default) on .mli files and=
 -bin-annot on .ml files.

    


    
It scans a compiled OCaml project and reports various warnings about suspic=
ious code:

    


      

    • exported values never used,
      • 

    • class fields never used,
      • 

    • constructors and record fields never used,
      • 

    • optional arguments always or never used,
      • 

    • some stylistic issues.
      • 

    


    
By default, only the 3 first elements of the above list are reported.
More details available in the project=E2=80=99s README. A mo=
re thorough documentation is in progress.

    

    

    

    

    

    Relocatable OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/relocatable-ocaml/17253/1

    

    

    

    David Allsopp announced
    

    

    
It is my great pleasure, 3 years to the day since I finalised the first ful=
l demonstration of it in Ljubljana for the OCaml Workshop in 2022, to annou=
nce the general availability of Relocatable OCaml for testing and review.

    


    
For example, this creates a 5.4.0 switch (the good old-fashioned slow way):

    

    $ time opam switch create --repos=3Drelocatable=3Dgit+https://github.com/dr=
a27/opam-repository.git#relocatable,default original-compiler ocaml.5.4.0
real    1m27.646s

    

    
But, having run that, subsequent switches are a just a tad quicker:

    

    $ eval $(opam env)
$ ocamlopt -where
/home/opam/.opam/original-compiler/lib/ocaml
$ time opam switch create . --repos=3Drelocatable,default ocaml.5.4.0
real    0m5.105s
$ eval $(opam env)
$ ocamlopt -where
/home/opam/myproject/_opam/lib/ocaml

    

    
And, um, that's it really!

    


    
Oh, there are a few other things bundled into the relocatable branch on dra27/opam-repository:

    

      

    • It's available for all versions of OCaml since 4.08. They install using=
 their "trunk" versions - i.e. the version number of what would be the next=
 release of OCaml (4.08.2, 4.09.2, 4.10.3, 4.11.3, 4.12.2, 4.13.2, 4.14.3, =
5.0.1, 5.1.2, 5.2.2, 5.1.3, pre-release 5.4.0 and, for completeness, trunk =
OCaml is present as 5.5.0)
      • 

    • Relocatable versions of ocamlbuild and ocamlfind are included, along with patches for omod and stdcom=
pat
      • 

    • The ocaml-option- packages work for all of the older versi=
ons, too
      • 

    • They all work on Windows (including 4.08-4.12, which aren't yet availab=
le in opam-repository)
      • 

    • They all work on Apple silicon (including 4.08, 4.09 and 4.11)
      • 

    


    
I have literally just opened the PRs on ocaml/ocaml (ocaml/ocaml#14243, ocaml/ocaml#14244, ocaml/ocaml#14245 and ocaml/ocaml#14246). In the int=
erests of those of us who maintain libraries and tools which have to target=
 multiple versions of OCaml, there will be some kind of story for keeping t=
hese older versions available, but the focus for now will be reaching a con=
sensus for merging the feature itself into OCaml 5.5.

    


    
Please do test and report any issues at https://github.com/dra27/relocatable/issues. Over-=
zealous lock-file systems notwithstanding, the compiler should be as "drop-=
in" a replacement as updating to any "point release" of the compiler (i.e. =
if you have something which works in OCaml 5.3.0 but doesn't work in Reloca=
table OCaml 5.3.1, that's a bug, and I'd love to hear about it a.s.a.p., please!)

    

    

    

    

    

    FUN OCaml is live on YouTube and Twitch
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/fun-ocaml-is-live-on-yout=
ube-and-twitch/17254/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
We're at FUN OCaml and having some awesome OCaml talks today! And you can j=
oin us remotely. =F0=9F=A7=A1=F0=9F=90=AB

    


    
For the schedule and links to the live streams of FUN OCaml 2025 from Warsa=
w, see

    


    
https://fun-ocaml.com

    


    
We also have a discord server for FUN OCaml here:

    


    
https://discord.gg/DxAghYKqn4

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 16 to
23, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Introduction to the Dune build system, by OCamlPro
memprof-limits (first official release): Memory limits, allocation limits, =
and thread cancellation, with interrupt-safe resources
mlfront-shell - reference implementation of a build system
Zanuda =E2=80=93 OCaml linter experiment
YOCaml, a framework for static site generator
Lwt.6.0.0~beta (direct-style, multi-domain parallelism)
schm-ocaml
detri cmd
seven ocaml tutorials
Ortac/Wrapper: a new plugin for specification driven unit testing
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Introduction to the Dune build system, by OCamlPro
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  *Greetings Cameleers,*

  We=E2=80=99ve just released a new blog post: [OCaml Onboarding: Introduct=
ion
  to the Dune build system]

  This is a practical, compact guide for those starting their OCaml and
  Dune journey =E2=80=94 or helping others do so. Instead of diving into
  internals, we focus on what you need to know to get up and running
  with Dune confidently.

  We walk through:
  =E2=80=A2 How Dune thinks about builds and directories
  =E2=80=A2 The role of dune files and static declarations
  =E2=80=A2 The tooling one interacts with day-to-day

  The post keeps things hands-on and beginner-focused, with just enough
  theory to make the practical bits stick. We end by circling back to
  `dune init' =E2=80=94 showing how understanding the basics makes the
  scaffolding tool far more intuitive.

  =F0=9F=93=9D Read it on the [OCamlPro Blog]

  Perfect for sharing with colleagues or newcomers dipping their toes
  into OCaml and Dune.

  As always, feedback welcome!  Until next time, =E2=80=94 The OCamlPro Team


[OCaml Onboarding: Introduction to the Dune build system]


[OCamlPro Blog] 


memprof-limits (first official release): Memory limits, allocation limits, =
and thread cancellation, with interrupt-safe resources
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce the version `0.3.0' of the package
  `memprof-limits'. The main contribution of this release is the
  *support for OCaml 5 with multiple parallel domains*.

  Memprof-limits can henceforth be used to conveniently interrupt
  (CPU-bound) domains in your parallel computations, using /cancellation
  tokens/, with the support of features to ensure interrupt-safety and
  resource-safety.

  As example of uses, plans are underway to use memprof-limits to ensure
  the resource-safety of user interrupts in the Rocq prover (eliminating
  a class of bugs) and to add tactics for portable timeouts (that count
  allocations rather than elapsed time).

  =E2=80=A2 Read more:
    
  =E2=80=A2 Report bugs and suggestions:
    


mlfront-shell - reference implementation of a build system
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  There have been many improvements since the last update. Here are some
  of them:

  1. The trace store (needed to not rebuild everything from scratch) has
     been implemented.
  2. Build file ASTs are parsed, marshalled and put into a key-value
     directory (which can be shared or cached in CI).
  3. Build keys are generated and used to protect sharing of the parsed
     AST.
  4. A full walkthrough of =E2=80=9Cbuilding=E2=80=9D the 7zip executable f=
rom 7zip
     binary assets (it is more complicated than it sounds) is on the
     [documentation page]
  5. An `=E2=80=93autofix' option to update build files with checksums, and
     allowing SHA1 checksum for local files (both are for eventual
     support of Meta=E2=80=99s watchman tool)
  6. A new format for the JSON files (many functions versus one). The
     old format is deprecated.
  7. Many many bug fixes, including specification updates.


[documentation page]



Zanuda =E2=80=93 OCaml linter experiment
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Kakadu announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Zanuda 2.0.0 with OCaml 5.3 support have hit opam.


YOCaml, a framework for static site generator
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

Release `2.5.0'
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We are delighted to present the new release of YOCaml: `2.5.0'!  As
  you can see, there have been a few intermediate versions since our
  last announcement. However, we have reached a new milestone: YOCaml
  can now be used seamlessly with an Applicative API (instead of the
  Arrow one), making many tasks much easier to express!

  We have also finally taken the time to write [a tutorial that explains
  how to use YOCaml to create a complete blog], step by step, and our
  goal is to expand it over time to add more and more guides! (The
  documentation/guide generator (
  is also written in YOCaml and gives an idea of what can be done fairly
  quickly.)

  =E2=80=A2 [Repository]
  =E2=80=A2 [YOCaml packages]
  =E2=80=A2 [Complete release note]

  We look forward to receiving your feedback! YOCaml is a free and
  collaborative project, so any contributions (including the guide) are
  more than welcome! We would also be DELIGHTED to see your creations
  with YOCaml!

  /Happy Hacking!/


[a tutorial that explains how to use YOCaml to create a complete blog]


[Repository] 

[YOCaml packages] 

[Complete release note]



Lwt.6.0.0~beta (direct-style, multi-domain parallelism)
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  After some feedback and some work, I'm happy to announce the release
  of `lwt.6.0.0~beta00' and `lwt_direct.6.0.0~beta00'!
  ()

  major CHANGES are:
  =E2=80=A2 direct style mode (see [alpha release announce]): use `await : =
'a
    Lwt.t -> 'a' to transform any promises into a simple value. This
    allows you to break out of the monad which makes it possible to use
    libraries previously incompatible with Lwt.
  =E2=80=A2 multi-domain support: run separate schedulers in separate domai=
ns
    (some of the more advanced functions on Lwt are now
    domain-dependent, e.g., `run_in_main' becomes `run_in_domain' and
    takes one additional parameter)

  Feedback is very welcome. Happy beta-testing and good luck with the
  parallel-programming!


[alpha release announce]



schm-ocaml
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=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  schm-ocaml provides a scheme-like syntax.

  schm3 integrates nicely with the rescript-version that provides the
  ocaml syntax.

  schm4 integrates with one of the later ocaml 4 versions, and tries to
  be accessible from .c

  

  There is a tutorial:

  

  

  The oo got lost in a computer crash.

  So there is no oo.


detri cmd
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=95=90

  Archive: 


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  There is now a fifth variant for detri:

  

  This fifth one outputs .html, in-stead of console.

  If you took a previous version for the console, it was already
  something you could do by-yourself easily rewriting the console
  esc-chars to html, but now there is a ready-made one.

  (There is also a small tutorial, but it should be re-written,

  

  )


seven ocaml tutorials
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You will find seven new ocaml-tutorials on this page that I wrote
  recently:

  

  It was not writen with a chat-bot, but you will maybe notice a
  difference in the style of writing, since I=E2=80=99m using a chat-bot.


Ortac/Wrapper: a new plugin for specification driven unit testing
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  Archive:
  


Charl=C3=A8ne_Gros announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello everyone,

  We, at Tarides, are excited to announce the release of a new plugin
  for `ortac': [Ortac/Wrapper]!

  This plugin is part of the Gospel project, a contract-based
  behavioural specification language for OCaml. `ortac' is a tool that
  converts an OCaml module interface with [Gospel] specifications into
  code to check those specifications. There are various ways to check
  specifications, all provided by plugins, and this post announces the
  new plugin: Ortac/Wrapper!

  This plugin is designed to generate a wrapped module that exposes the
  same interface as the original module but instruments all function
  calls with assertions corresponding to the Gospel specifications.  The
  main objective is to assist with unit testing. You provide the Gospel
  specification for your file, and Ortac will instrument it. When you
  run the unit tests on the wrapped version, if a specification is
  violated, Ortac will crash with an explicit error, telling you which
  portion of your code is incorrect and which specifications were
  violated.

  This work has been started by Cl=C3=A9ment Pascutto during his PhD at LMF
  and Tarides .  I continued
  his work to support some Gospel features such as the `old' operator
  and models.


[Ortac/Wrapper]


[Gospel] 

Installation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  To install the Wrapper plugin, use the following command: `opam
  install ortac-wrapper'

  This will install the following OPAM packages:

  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-core.opam' which provides the `ortac' command-line tool =
and
    the core functionalities used by all plugins,
  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-runtime.opam' which provides the support library for the=
 code
    generated by the Wrapper Ortac plugin,
  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-wrapper.opam' which provides the Wrapper plugin for the
    `ortac' command-line tool.


=E2=97=8A To automatically generate dune files

  If you need dune rules to integrate Ortac into your project, you can
  install the Dune plugin: `opam install ortac-dune' This will install
  the following OPAM packages:

  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-core.opam' which provides the `ortac' command-line tool =
and
    the core functionalities used by all plugins,
  =E2=80=A2 `ortac-dune.opam' which provides the Dune plugin for the `ortac'
    command-line tool.


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Let=E2=80=99s dive into a mini tutorial to see how the Ortac/Wrapper plug=
in
  can be used to enhance your unit testing with Gospel
  specifications. We=E2=80=99ll walk through creating a simple polymorphic
  container type with limited capacity and see how to specify and test
  its behavior using Gospel.


=E2=97=8A 1- Define the type and models

  First, we define a polymorphic container type `'a t' with Gospel
  specifications. This type will have a fixed capacity and a mutable
  list of contents.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type 'a t
  =E2=94=82 (*@ model capacity: int
  =E2=94=82         mutable model contents: 'a list
  =E2=94=82         with t
  =E2=94=82         invariant t.capacity > 0
  =E2=94=82         invariant List.length t.contents <=3D t.capacity *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here, we define two models:

  =E2=80=A2 `capacity': Represents the fixed size of the container.
  =E2=80=A2 `contents': Represents the mutable list of elements currently s=
tored
    in the container.

  The invariants ensure that the capacity is always positive and that
  the contents list never exceeds the declared capacity.


=E2=97=8A 2- Specify function behavior

  Next, we specify the behavior of functions that manipulate the type
  `'a t'. We=E2=80=99ll define a `create' function to initialize the contai=
ner
  and an `add' function to insert elements into the container.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val create: int -> 'a t
  =E2=94=82 (*@ t =3D create c
  =E2=94=82         requires c > 0
  =E2=94=82         ensures t.capacity =3D c
  =E2=94=82         ensures t.contents =3D [] *)
  =E2=94=82 val add: 'a t -> 'a -> unit
  =E2=94=82 (*@ add t x
  =E2=94=82         modifies t.contents
  =E2=94=82         ensures t.contents =3D x :: (old t.contents) *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here the functions `create' and `add' are specified in Gospel.

  =E2=80=A2 The `create' function requires the capacity `c' to be strictly
    positive and ensures that the model of the new container has the
    specified capacity and an empty list of contents.
  =E2=80=A2 The `add' function modifies the contents of the container and
    ensures that the new element `x' is added to the list of contents.


=E2=97=8A 3- Define projection functions

  To validate these specifications at runtime, you need to provide
  projection functions that link OCaml values to their Gospel
  models. Projection functions can be defined in two ways.

  =E2=80=A2 Using the same name as the model.
  =E2=80=A2 Using a different name, annotated with the attribute
    `@@projection_for' and the name of its Gospel model.

  For our example, we define the projection functions as follows.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val capacity : 'a t -> int
  =E2=94=82 val to_list : 'a t -> 'a list [@@projection_for contents]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Where we encounter the two types of naming.

  =E2=80=A2 The `capacity' function directly corresponds to the `capacity'
    model.
  =E2=80=A2 The `to_seq' function is explicitly declared as the projection =
for
    the `contents' model using the `@@projection_for' attribute.

  These projection functions are mandatory for the Wrapper plugin to
  instrument the specifications. If any projection function is missing,
  nothing will be generated and an error will be printed.


=E2=97=8A 4- Generate the wrapped version

  Once you have both of the interface file annotated with Gospel and
  your implementation, you can start the generation.  If you have
  installed the `ortac-dune' package (which is recommended), you need to
  add the following in the dune file where you want to put the tests.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (rule
  =E2=94=82  (alias runtest)
  =E2=94=82  (mode promote)
  =E2=94=82  (action
  =E2=94=82   (with-stdout-to
  =E2=94=82    dune.wrapper.inc
  =E2=94=82    (setenv
  =E2=94=82     ORTAC_ONLY_PLUGIN
  =E2=94=82     dune-rules
  =E2=94=82     (run ortac dune wrapper )))))
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This will generate an additional Dune file called `dune.wrapper.inc'
  that you will need to include once created: `(include
  dune.wrapper.inc)'. Also, add the name of the wrapped module to the
  `libraries' stanza of the test folder.


=E2=97=8A 5- Add unit tests

  In order to test the `Lib' module, we can now simply write a program
  using the wrapped version. No need to specify the expected behaviour
  as the instrumentation will take care of that.

  For example, if you run the following program:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Lib_wrapped
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   let q =3D create 3 in
  =E2=94=82   add q 1;
  =E2=94=82   let q2 =3D create (-1) in
  =E2=94=82   add q2 1;
  =E2=94=82   ()
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You will obtain the following result:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 File "lib.mli", line 8, characters 0-175:
  =E2=94=82 Runtime error in function ~create'
  =E2=94=82   - the pre-condition
  =E2=94=82       `c > 0'
  =E2=94=82     was violated.
  =E2=94=82 Fatal error: exception Ortac_runtime.Error(_)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This process helps ensure that your code adheres to the specified
  behavior, making your unit tests more robust and informative.


Feel free to report
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  For more information here is the link of the [dedicated README].  If
  you encounter any bugs or misunderstandings, please feel free to
  report them as an issue on [GitHub].

  We hope this plugin will be useful to you and look forward to your
  feedback!


[dedicated README]


[GitHub] 


Acknowledgments
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This work is partly founded by the ANR grant ANR-22-CE48-0013.


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]
  =E2=80=A2 [Database Testing in OCaml: From CRUD to Connection Pool Stress
    Testing]
  =E2=80=A2 [Vulkan graphics in OCaml vs C]
  =E2=80=A2 [Apache Parquet Files]
  =E2=80=A2 [Optimising Data Access in Parquet Files]
  =E2=80=A2 [FreeBSD unionfs deadlock]
  =E2=80=A2 [A first foray into agentic coding]
  =E2=80=A2 [Auto-configuration of MirageOS unikernels]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Upcoming OCaml Events] 

[Database Testing in OCaml: From CRUD to Connection Pool Stress Testing]


[Vulkan graphics in OCaml vs C]


[Apache Parquet Files]


[Optimising Data Access in Parquet Files]


[FreeBSD unionfs deadlock]


[A first foray into agentic coding]


[Auto-configuration of MirageOS unikernels]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 16 to 23, 2=
025.

    



    

    Introduction to the Dune build system, by OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-intro=
duction-to-the-dune-build-system-by-ocamlpro/17279/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers,

    


    
We=E2=80=99ve just released a new blog post: OCaml Onboarding:=
 Introduction to the Dune build system

    


    
This is a practical, compact guide for those starting their OCaml and Dune =
journey =E2=80=94 or helping others do so. Instead of diving into internals=
, we focus on what you need to know to get up and running with Dune confide=
ntly.

    


    
We walk through:

    

      

    • How Dune thinks about builds and directories
      • 

    • The role of dune files and static declarations
      • 

    • The tooling one interacts with day-to-day
      • 

    


    
The post keeps things hands-on and beginner-focused, with just enough theor=
y to make the practical bits stick. We end by circling back to dune i=
nit =E2=80=94 showing how understanding the basics makes the scaffol=
ding tool far more intuitive.

    


    
=F0=9F=93=9D Read it on the OCamlPro=
 Blog

    


    
Perfect for sharing with colleagues or newcomers dipping their toes into OC=
aml and Dune.

    


    
As always, feedback welcome!
Until next time,
=E2=80=94 The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    

    

    memprof-limits (first official release): Memory limits, alloca=
tion limits, and thread cancellation, with interrupt-safe resources
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-memprof-l=
imits-first-official-release-memory-limits-allocation-limits-and-thread-can=
cellation-with-interrupt-safe-resources/8135/3

    

    

    

    Guillaume Munch-Maccagnoni announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the version 0.3.0 of the package memprof-limits. The main contribution of this release is the su=
pport for OCaml 5 with multiple parallel domains.

    


    
Memprof-limits can henceforth be used to conveniently interrupt (CPU-bound)=
 domains in your parallel computations, using cancellation tokens, w=
ith the support of features to ensure interrupt-safety and resource-safety.

    


    
As example of uses, plans are underway to use memprof-limits to ensure the =
resource-safety of user interrupts in the Rocq prover (eliminating a class =
of bugs) and to add tactics for portable timeouts (that count allocations r=
ather than elapsed time).

    



    

    

    

    

    mlfront-shell - reference implementation of a build system
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
mlfront-shell-reference-implementation-of-a-build-system/17186/2

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
There have been many improvements since the last update. Here are some of t=
hem:

    


      

    1. The trace store (needed to not rebuild everything from scratch) has bee=
n implemented.
      2. 

    2. Build file ASTs are parsed, marshalled and put into a key-value directo=
ry (which can be shared or cached in CI).
      3. 

    3. Build keys are generated and used to protect sharing of the parsed AST.=

      4. 

    4. A full walkthrough of =E2=80=9Cbuilding=E2=80=9D the 7zip executable fr=
om 7zip binary assets (it is more complicated than it sounds) is on the documentation page
      5. 

    5. An =E2=80=93autofix option to update build files with chec=
ksums, and allowing SHA1 checksum for local files (both are for eventual su=
pport of Meta=E2=80=99s watchman tool)
      6. 

    6. A new format for the JSON files (many functions versus one). The old fo=
rmat is deprecated.
      7. 

    7. Many many bug fixes, including specification updates.
      8. 

    

    

    

    

    

    Zanuda – OCaml linter experiment
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-zanuda-ocaml-linter-exper=
iment/11784/13

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Kakadu announced
    

    

    
Zanuda 2.0.0 with OCaml 5.3 support have hit opam.

    

    

    

    

    

    YOCaml, a framework for static site generator
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-yocaml-a-fra=
mework-for-static-site-generator/15393/9

    

    

    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
    

    

    

    

    Release 2.5.0
    

    

    
We are delighted to present the new release of YOCaml: 2.5.0!
As you can see, there have been a few intermediate versions since our last =
announcement. However, we have reached a new milestone: YOCaml can now be u=
sed seamlessly with an Applicative API (instead of the Arrow one), making m=
any tasks much easier to express!

    


    
We have also finally taken the time to write a tutorial that explains how to use YOCaml to create a comp=
lete blog, step by step, and our goal is to expand it over time to add =
more and more guides! (The documentation/guide generator (https://github.com/yocaml/yocaml-www is=
 also written in YOCaml and gives an idea of what can be done fairly quickl=
y.)

    




    
We look forward to receiving your feedback! YOCaml is a free and collaborat=
ive project, so any contributions (including the guide) are more than welco=
me! We would also be DELIGHTED to see your creations with YOCaml!=20=20

    


    
Happy Hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Lwt.6.0.0~beta (direct-style, multi-domain parallelism)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-=
6-0-0-beta-direct-style-multi-domain-parallelism/17283/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
After some feedback and some work, I'm happy to announce the release of lwt.6.0.0~beta00 and lwt_direct.6.0.0~beta00! (https://github.c=
om/ocaml/opam-repository/pull/28558)

    


    
major CHANGES are:

    

      

    • direct style mode (see alpha release announce): use aw=
ait : 'a Lwt.t -> 'a to transform any promises into a simple valu=
e. This allows you to break out of the monad which makes it possible to use=
 libraries previously incompatible with Lwt.
      • 

    • multi-domain support: run separate schedulers in separate domains (some=
 of the more advanced functions on Lwt are now domain-dependent, e.g., run_in_main becomes run_in_domain and takes one addit=
ional parameter)
      • 

    


    
Feedback is very welcome. Happy beta-testing and good luck with the paralle=
l-programming!

    

    

    

    

    

    schm-ocaml
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-schm-ocaml/17293/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
schm-ocaml provides a scheme-like syntax.

    


    
schm3 integrates nicely with the rescript-version that provides the ocaml s=
yntax.

    


    
schm4 integrates with one of the later ocaml 4 versions, and tries to be ac=
cessible from .c

    


    
http://decapode314.free=
.fr/ocaml2/schm/

    


    
There is a tutorial:

    


    
http://dec=
apode314.free.fr/ocaml2/schm/schm-tut.html

    


    
http:/=
/decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/schm/dl/schm4-0.03.zip

    


    
The oo got lost in a computer crash.

    


    
So there is no oo.

    

    

    

    

    

    detri cmd
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-detri-cmd/17301/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
There is now a fifth variant for detri:

    


    
http://decapode314=
.free.fr/ocaml/detris.html

    


    
This fifth one outputs .html, in-stead of console.

    


    
If you took a previous version for the console, it was already something yo=
u could do by-yourself easily rewriting the console esc-chars to html, but =
now there is a ready-made one.

    


    
(There is also a small tutorial, but it should be re-written,

    


    
http:=
//decapode314.free.fr/ocaml/detri/tut/detri-tut.html

    


    
)

    

    

    

    

    

    seven ocaml tutorials
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-s-tut-seven-ocaml-tutorials/1=
7302/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
You will find seven new ocaml-tutorials on this page that I wrote recently:

    


    
http://decapode314.free=
.fr/ocaml2/blog/

    


    
It was not writen with a chat-bot, but you will maybe notice a difference i=
n the style of writing, since I=E2=80=99m using a chat-bot.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ortac/Wrapper: a new plugin for specification driven unit tes=
ting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/ann-ortac-wrapper-a-new-plugin-for-specification-driven-unit-testing/17=
304/1

    

    

    

    Charl=C3=A8ne_Gros announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone,

    


    
We, at Tarides, are excited to announce the release of a new plugin for ortac: Ortac/Wrapper!

    


    
This plugin is part of the Gospel project, a contract-based behavioural spe=
cification language for OCaml. ortac is a tool that converts a=
n OCaml module interface with Gospel specifications into code to check those specifications. Th=
ere are various ways to check specifications, all provided by plugins, and =
this post announces the new plugin: Ortac/Wrapper!

    


    
This plugin is designed to generate a wrapped module that exposes the same =
interface as the original module but instruments all function calls with as=
sertions corresponding to the Gospel specifications.
The main objective is to assist with unit testing. You provide the Gospel s=
pecification for your file, and Ortac will instrument it. When you run the =
unit tests on the wrapped version, if a specification is violated, Ortac wi=
ll crash with an explicit error, telling you which portion of your code is =
incorrect and which specifications were violated.

    


    
This work has been started by Cl=C3=A9ment Pascutto during his PhD at LMF a=
nd Tarides https://th=
eses.hal.science/tel-04696708v1.
I continued his work to support some Gospel features such as the old<=
/code> operator and models.

    

    

    

    Installation
    

    

    
To install the Wrapper plugin, use the following command:
opam install ortac-wrapper

    


    
This will install the following OPAM packages:

    


      

    • ortac-core.opam which provides the ortac comm=
and-line tool and the core functionalities used by all plugins,
      • 

    • ortac-runtime.opam which provides the support library for =
the code generated by the Wrapper Ortac plugin,
      • 

    • ortac-wrapper.opam which provides the Wrapper plugin for t=
he ortac command-line tool.
      • 

    

    

      

    • To automatically generate dune files
      

      

      
If you need dune rules to integrate Ortac into your project, you can instal=
l the Dune plugin:
opam install ortac-dune
This will install the following OPAM packages:

      


        

      • ortac-core.opam which provides the ortac comm=
and-line tool and the core functionalities used by all plugins,
        • 

      • ortac-dune.opam which provides the Dune plugin for the ortac command-line tool.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
Let=E2=80=99s dive into a mini tutorial to see how the Ortac/Wrapper plugin=
 can be used to enhance your unit testing with Gospel specifications. We=E2=
=80=99ll walk through creating a simple polymorphic container type with lim=
ited capacity and see how to specify and test its behavior using Gospel.

    

    

      

    • 1- Define the type and models
      

      

      
First, we define a polymorphic container type 'a t with Gospel=
 specifications. This type will have a fixed capacity and a mutable list of=
 contents.

      


      

      type 'a t
(*@ model capacity: int
        mutable model contents: 'a list
        with t
        invariant t.capacity > 0
        invariant List.length t.contents <=3D t.capacity *)

      

      


      
Here, we define two models:

      


        

      • capacity: Represents the fixed size of the container.
        • 

      • contents: Represents the mutable list of elements currentl=
y stored in the container.
        • 

      


      
The invariants ensure that the capacity is always positive and that the con=
tents list never exceeds the declared capacity.

      

      

      • 

    • 2- Specify function behavior
      

      

      
Next, we specify the behavior of functions that manipulate the type '=
a t. We=E2=80=99ll define a create function to initiali=
ze the container and an add function to insert elements into t=
he container.

      


      

      val create: int -&=
gt; 'a t
(*@ t =3D create c
        requires c > 0
        ensures t.capacity =3D c
        ensures t.contents =3D [] *)
val add: 'a t -> 'a -> unit
(*@ add t x
        modifies t.contents
        ensures t.contents =3D x :: (old t.contents) *)

      

      


      
Here the functions create and add are specified i=
n Gospel.

      


        

      • The create function requires the capacity c t=
o be strictly positive and ensures that the model of the new container has =
the specified capacity and an empty list of contents.
        • 

      • The add function modifies the contents of the container an=
d ensures that the new element x is added to the list of conte=
nts.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • 3- Define projection functions
      

      

      
To validate these specifications at runtime, you need to provide projection=
 functions that link OCaml values to their Gospel models. Projection functi=
ons can be defined in two ways.

      


        

      • Using the same name as the model.
        • 

      • Using a different name, annotated with the attribute @@projection=
_for and the name of its Gospel model.
        • 

      


      
For our example, we define the projection functions as follows.

      


      

      val capacity : 'a =
t -> int
val to_list : 'a t -> 'a list [@@projection_for contents]

      

      


      
Where we encounter the two types of naming.

      


        

      • The capacity function directly corresponds to the ca=
pacity model.
        • 

      • The to_seq function is explicitly declared as the projecti=
on for the contents model using the @@projection_for attribute.
        • 

      


      
These projection functions are mandatory for the Wrapper plugin to instrume=
nt the specifications. If any projection function is missing, nothing will =
be generated and an error will be printed.

      

      

      • 

    • 4- Generate the wrapped version
      

      

      
Once you have both of the interface file annotated with Gospel and your imp=
lementation, you can start the generation.
If you have installed the ortac-dune package (which is recomme=
nded), you need to add the following in the dune file where you want to put=
 the tests.

      


      (rule
 (alias runtest)
 (mode promote)
 (action
  (with-stdout-to
   dune.wrapper.inc
   (setenv
    ORTAC_ONLY_PLUGIN
    dune-rules
    (run ortac dune wrapper <path to lib/lib.mli>)))))

      


      
This will generate an additional Dune file called dune.wrapper.inc that you will need to include once created: (include dune.wrappe=
r.inc). Also, add the name of the wrapped module to the librar=
ies stanza of the test folder.

      

      

      • 

    • 5- Add unit tests
      

      

      
In order to test the Lib module, we can now simply write a pro=
gram using the wrapped version. No need to specify the expected behaviour a=
s the instrumentation will take care of that.

      


      
For example, if you run the following program:

      


      

      open Lib_wrapped
let () =3D
  let q =3D create 3 in
  add q 1;
  let q2 =3D create (-1) in
  add q2 1;
  ()

      

      


      
You will obtain the following result:

      


      File "lib.mli", line 8, characters 0-175:
Runtime error in function ~create'
  - the pre-condition
      `c > 0'
    was violated.
Fatal error: exception Ortac_runtime.Error(_)

      


      
This process helps ensure that your code adheres to the specified behavior,=
 making your unit tests more robust and informative.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Feel free to report
    

    

    
For more information here is the link of the dedicated README.
If you encounter any bugs or misunderstandings, please feel free to report =
them as an issue on GitHub.

    


    
We hope this plugin will be useful to you and look forward to your feedback!

    

    

    

    

    Acknowledgments
    

    

    
This work is partly founded by the ANR grant ANR-22-CE48-0013.

    

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 23 to
30, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

OCaml security team
ocaml-xmlerr 0.08.2 available
Contract OCaml Engineer =E2=80=93 Terrateam (Remote, 3 months)
Mk-man module
gil scm .cmd
mini-svg version 0.03.13b, of 0.03.13
An efficient priority queue with low integer priorities
Cmdliner 2.0.0
Detrow, a command-line calendar
rpmfile 0.8.0+ library
OCaml compiler office hours? (preparation thread)
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


OCaml security team
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear everyone,

  We are starting an effort to push security into OCaml. This is based
  on discussions in the OCaml Software Foundation with industry
  partners. The main goal is to have best practises similar to those of
  other programming language ecosystems.


Reporting security issues
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This entails a point of contact for the security team - which deals
  with communication between the person who found a security-relevant
  problem in OCaml software (named "reporter"), who can then contact us
  - the security team - instead of using a public bug tracker, and the
  upstream OCaml developer(s).

  We, the security team, will establish the three-way communication, and
  since we have a documented security disclosure process (which will be
  published soon), we will guide everyone through the process and ensure
  that timelines are met, CVE numbers are assigned, =E2=80=A6


Team composition
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The OCaml security team currently consists of individual security
  experts and individuals representing company sponsors of the OCaml
  Software Foundation. Individual members participating on a personal
  capacity may be compensated for their time from the OCaml Software
  Foundation.

  The team currently consists of 7 members
  =E2=80=A2 Hannes Mehnert  - individual, chair
  =E2=80=A2 Mindy  - individual
  =E2=80=A2 Joe  - individual
  =E2=80=A2 Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k  - individ=
ual
  =E2=80=A2 Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r  - LexiFi
  =E2=80=A2 Louis Roch=C3=A9  - ahrefs
  =E2=80=A2 Maxim Grankin  - Bloomberg

  We're in the process to formalise the responsibilities of the team,
  our proposed disclosure process, and how to join & leave the team.


Funding for security actions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In complement to the security disclosure process, we will accept
  funding requests for projects that make OCaml more secure (including
  guidelines how to develop OCaml in a secure way/what are common
  pitfalls; static analysis; dissemination tools; =E2=80=A6). The OCaml Sof=
tware
  Foundation will provide funding for these security actions. After this
  summer we will discuss this in more depth with the community.


Next steps
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We will setup a website (similar to
   has) soon, and provide an email
  address for contacting us - security At ocamlDoT org is forwarding to
  our team. We plan to setup a mailing list for security announcements.

  But more on that at a later point, this brief post is mainly about the
  fact that this team starts to exist now, and is working on improving
  the security story of OCaml.

  If you have any questions for now, please feel free to discuss them in
  this announcement. Please be aware that it is vacation time soon, so
  we may not be very responsive.


Hannes Mehnert later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Dear everyone,

  we=E2=80=99ve accomplished several tasks:

  =E2=80=A2  is now live
  =E2=80=A2 The public mailing list for security advisories is
    sympa.inria.fr/sympa/info/ocsf-ocaml-security-announcements =E2=80=93 p=
lease
    subscribe if you=E2=80=99d like to receive security announcements
  =E2=80=A2 There=E2=80=99ll be a brief introduction at [Fun OCaml] and a t=
alk at [OCaml
    workshop (ICFP)] )16:00 - 16:30
  =E2=80=A2 We will have a public meeting for discussions on Oct 22nd 14:00=
 -
    16:00 CEST (online, yet to be announced where)
  =E2=80=A2 There=E2=80=99s already the OCaml security advisory database
     (still empty, we=E2=80=
=99ll
    fill it over the next weeks)


[Fun OCaml] 

[OCaml workshop (ICFP)]



Hannes Mehnert then said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        We will have a public meeting for discussions on Oct 22nd
        14:00 - 16:00 CEST (online, yet to be announced where) =E2=80=93
        save the date if you=E2=80=99re interested

  We settled on a platform, and will have the meeting at
  

  An agenda will be posted before the meeting.


ocaml-xmlerr 0.08.2 available
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is an annouce for ocaml-xmlerr.

  *ocaml-xmlerr* version *0.08.2* is *available*.

  This main module of this package is a small module to read xml with
  errors.

  The main purpose was not to really read xml with errors, but to read
  html from the web.

  At the beginning I wrote in the read-me file that I wrote it in one
  afternoon, but this is without considering that in fact it was the
  third time I was trying to make something like this.

  One of the first attempt even probably took me almost a day. So we can
  not say that I succeed easily.

  In the .zip archive of ocaml-xmlerr version 0.08.2, you will find the
  different modules re-organized with dirs.

  And there are also two additional commands build on top of the first
  module.

  *htmlxtr* is a simple extractor for HTML from a simple template.
  Please read the man page for more description about how to use it:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ man ./htmlxtr.1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  There is also *htmluxtr* - a simple extractor for .html using a simple
  un-template / re-template method.  Please read the man page for more
  informations :
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ man ./htmluxtr.1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  There is a new example of use provided in the 'using' directory.

  There is a script to help you writing your pattern matching of xml
  fragments.  The base module providing a list for tags and contents,
  the pattern matching is not done based on a tree-structure.

  And there is now an additional module to convert this flat-list
  structure into a tree structure, inside the addon directory. The
  report module has not been widely tested yet.

  This is not professional quality.

  If I'm not mistaken "amateur" is both pejorative, in both french and
  in english languages, exept if it's associated with "astronomer".

  [http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml/xmlerr/]

  PS: if you edit my posts, I would prefer you edit the links with
  normal links (like above), please.

  PS-2 : I haven't been able to pattern-match all the opam packages with
  uxtr, the total doesn't match, I only find 38_000.


[http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml/xmlerr/]



Contract OCaml Engineer =E2=80=93 Terrateam (Remote, 3 months)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Josh Pollara announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Terrateam () is looking for an experienced OCaml
  engineer to join us on a 3-month contract.

  *About us* Terrateam is an open-source tool for GitOps-based Terraform
  automation. We are a small, bootstrapped team building infrastructure
  automation software used by enterprises.

  *The role* We are extending our OCaml codebase to support new
  functionality around Terraform state and plan execution. The work is
  primarily in OCaml, with a focus on systems programming, concurrency,
  and backend development. You=E2=80=99ll work directly with the founding t=
eam
  on scoped engineering projects and help push forward the internals of
  how Terraform can be used at scale.

  *Details*

  =E2=80=A2 Contract length: 3 months (with potential extension)
  =E2=80=A2 Compensation: competitive, commensurate with experience
  =E2=80=A2 Location: remote (EU timezone preferred)
  =E2=80=A2 Start date: as soon as possible

  *Requirements*

  =E2=80=A2 Strong background in OCaml development
  =E2=80=A2 Experience with systems programming or infrastructure tooling
    (Terraform or related) is a plus
  =E2=80=A2 Ability to work independently in a fast-moving environment

  If you are interested, please contact me directly at
  [josh@terrateam.io].


[josh@terrateam.io] 


Mk-man module
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Mk-man tries to provide a simple way to write a man page,
  [http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/mk_man/] and also with a similare
  module to produce the web page.


[http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/mk_man/]



gil scm .cmd
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Gil-scm is not really an scm, (source management control),
  [http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/gil/] it takes its inspiration from
  an scm, but it should more be considerated as a
  "snapshot-management-script".  It can output an .html interface of the
  following versions: [example]


[http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/gil/]


[example] 


mini-svg version 0.03.13b, of 0.03.13
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release "0.03.13" has been deleted, because chat-gpt informed me
  that the repository replicating some mondrian art hosted at github has
  been deleted. The rel-0.03.13 was also containing some pop-art
  replications, with random additions.

  So these elements have been deleted, and are not there in "0.03.13b"
  anymore.

  Sorry for the inconveniance.

  PS: [mini-svg]

  PS2: mini-svg is not professional quality.

  PS3: To the extent permitted by law, you can use mini-svg with any
  spdx license.


[mini-svg] 


An efficient priority queue with low integer priorities
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I am happy to announce the release of `intPQueue', a package that
  offers (two variants of) an efficient priority queue, which is
  restricted to scenarios where the priorities are low integers. See the
  [documentation].

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update && opam install intPQueue
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Happy queueing, Fran=C3=A7ois.


[documentation]



Cmdliner 2.0.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  It is my pleasure to announce the release of cmdliner 2.0.0.

        Cmdliner is a library that allows the declarative
        definition of command line interfaces with outstanding
        support for command line interface user conventions and
        standards.

  The main points of this release are:

  =E2=80=A2 ANSI styled error and deprecation messages ([details])
  =E2=80=A2 Support for manpage installation ([details])
  =E2=80=A2 Support for shell auto-completion ([details])

  The latter was made possible by good initial [ground work] of
  @andreypopp who can now claim to have unblocked my mind and the [very
  first] and 11 years old Cmdliner issue. Many thanks to him!

  This addition has the following consequences:

  1. The problematic feature that allowed you to specify command names,
     option names and enumerant values by a prefix if the prefix was
     unambiguous has now been removed. See [this issue] for the
     rationale. Set `CMDLINER_LEGACY_PREFIXES=3Dtrue' in your environment
     if you find yourself in need of a quick backward compatibility fix
     because one of your scripts is failing due to a prefix being used
     (but do eventually correct the script!).

  2. It finally triggered making the type `Arg.conv' abstract as
     [announced] it would become in 2017. See [this issue] for details.

  If you are a user of cmdliner based tools. You may want to have at a
  look how to [configure your shell] in order to benefit from their
  completion scripts, especially if said tools are installed via
  `opam'. After installing `cmdliner' you should be able to check that
  your configuration works correctly on the new `cmdliner' tool that now
  gets installed with cmdliner itself.

  For other changes that may affect you or your users please head to the
  [release notes] which have many other details.

  Other than that a full pass was made over the documentation to try to
  improve and bring it up-to-date with the latest style and
  additions. Notably the [tutorial] and [examples] were updated to make
  use of the binding operators; however obscure [let punning] may feel,
  these are less error prone as your number of cli arguments grow.

  I also added a [cookbook] which tries to distill in shorter snippets
  some of cmdliner's features and the experience I gathered over the
  past 14 years of using cmdliner to define dozens of command line
  interfaces. It includes [source code structure tips] and a few
  bootstrapping [blueprints] to cut and paste for when you start your
  next command line tool.

  For this release I'm very thankful to a private one-time donation[^1],
  a grant from the [OCaml software foundation] and, as always, my few
  but faithfull [donors]. All of which are essential for these releases
  to eventually get out. They do take quite a bit longer to devise that
  one would expect :=E2=80=93)

  Home page: 

  API docs & manuals:  or
  `odig doc cmdliner'

  Install: `opam install cmdliner' (once [the PR] is merged, may take a
  few days)

  Best,

  Daniel

  [^1]: Which are as nice as recurring donations ;=E2=80=93)


[details]


[details]


[details]


[ground work] 

[very first] 

[this issue] 

[announced]


[this issue] 

[configure your shell]


[release notes]


[tutorial] 

[examples] 

[let punning]


[cookbook] 

[source code structure tips]


[blueprints]


[OCaml software foundation] 

[donors] 

[the PR] 


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  To follow up on the completion feature. It should be stressed that I
  don't consider it to be fully "done" as it stands. I'm pretty sure the
  completion API, protocol, features and the generic completion scripts
  can be improved. The main problem is that it seems shell programmers
  are more interested in cajoling the look of their prompts than
  defining sane cross-shell standard protocols for tool/shell
  interaction. The current completion mecanisms are [broken] beyond
  imagination.

  Issues about completion are tagged accordingly in the issue
  tracker. Do not hesitate to chime in if you have ideas or more
  knowledge than I do for improvements. I'm also happy to add support
  for more shells but it's better if you help for that because working
  with shells makes me want to throw my computer out of the window.

  Meanwhile I'd like to show two completion feature that I'm quite happy
  to have support for in this release.


[broken] 

Context sensitive completion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The idea here, suggested by @andreypopp, is that completion can depend
  on a context that is specified via a cmdliner term itself. This is
  typically useful for configuration dependent completions: you have a
  cmdliner term that represents your configuration and you access it
  when doing a completion.

  For example in the next release of `odig' you can autocomplete package
  names on `odig doc [PKG]'. The available packages depend on looking up
  a libdir which can be specified with a command line argument
  itself. So for example this completes according to the automatic
  libdir lookup

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # Auto discovered libdir
  =E2=94=82 > odig doc c=E2=90=89
  =E2=94=82 camlp-streams   checkseum  cmarkit  camlpdf  cairo2=20=20
  =E2=94=82 containers      cmdliner   cpuid    cppo     cpdf=20=20=20=20
  =E2=94=82 cstruct-lwt     cstruct    ctypes   crunch   csexp=20=20=20
  =E2=94=82 ctypes-foreign=20=20=20=20=20=20
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  But the following looks for packages in another switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # Explicit libdir
  =E2=94=82 > odig doc c=E2=90=89 --lib-dir $(opam var lib --switch=3Dmyswi=
tch)=20
  =E2=94=82 capitalization  cerberus-lib  calendar  charon=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20
  =E2=94=82 core_kernel     core_unix     cmdliner  cppo    core=20=20
  =E2=94=82 cstruct         csexp=20=20
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [The commit] that implements this in `odig' is rather straightforward,
  it simply reuses the existing `conf' term for the completion
  context. Also the cookbook has a [simple self-contained example] to
  start from.


[The commit]


[simple self-contained example]



Compositional completion (restart and raw)
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  The second completion feature is to retain completion on the tools
  that another tool invokes =E2=80=93 commands like `sudo'.

  For example in the `b0' tool, the build system I'm using for all my
  developments. The `b0 vcs [OPTION]=E2=80=A6 -- VCS [ARG]=E2=80=A6' comman=
d allows to
  bulk operate the VCSs of the projects you included in a `B0.ml' build
  description file.

  Using appopriate cmdliner completion directives the completion of this
  command first completes the `VCS' enum (which can be `git' or `hg')
  and then gracefully drops back to the completion of your VCS:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 > b0 vcs -- =E2=90=89
  =E2=94=82 git  hg  --
  =E2=94=82 > b0 vcs -- git sh=E2=90=89
  =E2=94=82 shell       -- restricted login shell for GIT-only SSH access
  =E2=94=82 shortlog    -- summarize git log output
  =E2=94=82 show        -- show various types of objects
  =E2=94=82 show-branch -- show branches and their commits
  =E2=94=82 show-index  -- show packed archive index
  =E2=94=82 show-ref    -- list references in a local repository
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is a [restart] completion type. It restarts the completion
  context as if the cli started after the `--' token.

  It is the kind of behaviour you want from e.g. `opam exec', though
  arguably in the case of `opam exec' it will be sligthly misleading
  since completions will occur using the outer environment rather than
  the one setup by `opam exec -- TOOL [ARG]=E2=80=A6'.  Still, sometimes
  inaccurate completion is better than no completion.

  Note that this would be quite easy to solve with a good cross-shell
  completion standard: just invoke `TOOL' in the environment setup by
  `opam exec' according to the completion standard (e.g. the [cmdliner
  completion protocol]) and propagate the result back in the completion
  for `opam exec', but we do not live in that world. Still the API is
  ready for such a technique to be used, by using a [raw] completion
  type (I [use this] in `b0' to complete custom, library and
  user-defined, actions like `b0 -- .opam' or `b0 -- .ocaml').


[restart]


[cmdliner completion protocol]


[raw]


[use this]



Detrow, a command-line calendar
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  [Detrow] is a command-line calendar which displays the months of a
  calendar in colomns.

  (So each days of months are aligned in rows)

  (With [Detris], months are displayed in a similar way than the cal
  unix command.)

  You can download it with the following command:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 wget http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/detrow/dl/0.01b/detrow.ml
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Then you can call it like this:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ \ocaml detrow.ml
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  It will display the first half of the month, Januray until June.

  If you want the second half of the year, Jully until December, you can
  call it again with:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ \ocaml detrow.ml b
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  The first half, can also be called with the "a" parameter:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ \ocaml detrow.ml a
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  If you call it like this:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ \ocaml detrow.ml ann-file 2025 b
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  With the file called "ann-file" containing:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ cat ann-file
  =E2=94=82 2025-09-27: detrow-ann
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  You will see the string `"detrow-ann"` displayed in the calendar in
  front of the day `"2025-09-27"`.  (The number of chars that can be
  displayed is lower than 8 (`< 8').)


[Detrow] 

[Detris] 


rpmfile 0.8.0+ library
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mikhail announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Hello,

  I am pleased to announce the next /major/ version of [my library for
  reading RPM packages], powered by [Angstrom].

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # #require "rpmfile";;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # let pkg =3D=20
  =E2=94=82     In_channel.with_open_bin=20
  =E2=94=82       "hello-2.12.2-2.fc43.x86_64.rpm"=20
  =E2=94=82       Rpmfile.Reader.of_channel
  =E2=94=82     |> Result.get_ok;;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Rpmfile.View.name pkg;;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "hello"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Rpmfile.View.vendor pkg;;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "Fedora Project"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Rpmfile.View.version pkg;;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "2.12.2"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release has *broken the previous API* and made it simpler and
  more compact.

  Added capture of the payload of the RPM package body. But it is not
  effective enough.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # pkg.payload;;
  =E2=94=82 - : string option =3D None
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  You can implement this functionality manually using [Lwt] and
  angstrom-lwt-unix or something else.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* examples/extract_payload_by_lwt.ml *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let default_tags_selector =3D
  =E2=94=82   Rpmfile.Reader.
  =E2=94=82     {
  =E2=94=82       predicate_signature_tag =3D Fun.const true;
  =E2=94=82       predicate_header_tag =3D Fun.const true;
  =E2=94=82     }
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let pkg_parser =3D
  =E2=94=82   Rpmfile.Reader.make_package_parser ~capture_payload:false
  =E2=94=82     ~tags_selector:default_tags_selector
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   let open Lwt.Syntax in
  =E2=94=82   Lwt_main.run
  =E2=94=82   @@
  =E2=94=82   let* ic =3D Lwt_io.open_file ~mode:Input "hello.rpm" in
  =E2=94=82   let* _pkg =3D
  =E2=94=82     let* b, r =3D Angstrom_lwt_unix.parse pkg_parser ic in
  =E2=94=82     let+ _ =3D Lwt_io.set_position ic (Int64.of_int b.off) in
  =E2=94=82     Result.get_ok r
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82   let* payload =3D Lwt_io.read ic in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   (* ... *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=80=A6 :pie:


[my library for reading RPM packages]


[Angstrom] 

[Lwt] 


OCaml compiler office hours? (preparation thread)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Given the current votes, I propose to pick

  *Friday October 10th* UTC 11:00 =E2=80=93 UTC 12:30*

  as the time slot for this test run of OCaml compiler office
  hours. Save the date!

  I propose to try [This online meeting room] (this is a BigBlueButton
  instance hosted by the French government for public workers), and take
  notes on [this collaborative pad].

  I am planning to join audio-only to save bandwidth, but people are
  free to do as they prefer.

  A reminder on the format, topic:

        Format: a synchronous remote meeting (voice with optional
        video), backed by a collaborative pad to record questions,
        take notes, share links etc. People can join and leave at
        any time during the office hours.

        Topic: anything related to the development of the OCaml
        compiler, that is, the github/ocaml/ocaml project. (All
        topics and questions are welcome, at all levels of
        knowledge and familiarity with the compiler.)


[This online meeting room]


[this collaborative pad]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [A second foray into agentic coding]
  =E2=80=A2 [Model Validation & Time Utilities Sprint: From Basic Models to
    Proper Validation Layer]
  =E2=80=A2 [Parsimoni Joins Techstars' Autumn 2025 Programme!]
  =E2=80=A2 [Retrofitting a build system into a compiler]
  =E2=80=A2 [Caching opam solutions - part 2]
  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[A second foray into agentic coding]


[Model Validation & Time Utilities Sprint: From Basic Models to Proper
Validation Layer]


[Parsimoni Joins Techstars' Autumn 2025 Programme!]


[Retrofitting a build system into a compiler]


[Caching opam solutions - part 2]


[Upcoming OCaml Events] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 23 to 30, 2=
025.

    



    

    OCaml security team
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-security-team/16902/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
We are starting an effort to push security into OCaml. This is based on dis=
cussions in the OCaml Software Foundation with industry partners. The main =
goal is to have best practises similar to those of other programming langua=
ge ecosystems.

    

    

    

    Reporting security issues
    

    

    
This entails a point of contact for the security team - which deals with co=
mmunication between the person who found a security-relevant problem in OCa=
ml software (named "reporter"), who can then contact us - the security team=
 - instead of using a public bug tracker, and the upstream OCaml developer(=
s).

    


    
We, the security team, will establish the three-way communication, and sinc=
e we have a documented security disclosure process (which will be published=
 soon), we will guide everyone through the process and ensure that timeline=
s are met, CVE numbers are assigned, …

    

    

    

    

    Team composition
    

    

    
The OCaml security team currently consists of individual security experts a=
nd individuals representing company sponsors of the OCaml Software Foundati=
on. Individual members participating on a personal capacity may be compensa=
ted for their time from the OCaml Software Foundation.

    


    
The team currently consists of 7 members

    



    
We're in the process to formalise the responsibilities of the team, our pro=
posed disclosure process, and how to join & leave the team.

    

    

    

    

    Funding for security actions
    

    

    
In complement to the security disclosure process, we will accept funding re=
quests for projects that make OCaml more secure (including guidelines how t=
o develop OCaml in a secure way/what are common pitfalls; static analysis; =
dissemination tools; …). The OCaml Software Foundation will provide =
funding for these security actions. After this summer we will discuss this =
in more depth with the community.

    

    

    

    

    Next steps
    

    

    
We will setup a website (similar to https://www.haskell.org/security/ has) soon, and provide an emai=
l address for contacting us - security At ocamlDoT org is forwarding to our=
 team. We plan to setup a mailing list for security announcements.

    


    
But more on that at a later point, this brief post is mainly about the fact=
 that this team starts to exist now, and is working on improving the securi=
ty story of OCaml.

    


    
If you have any questions for now, please feel free to discuss them in this=
 announcement. Please be aware that it is vacation time soon, so we may not=
 be very responsive.

    

    

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert later added
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
we=E2=80=99ve accomplished several tasks:

    


      

    • https://ocaml.org/security i=
s now live
      • 

    • The public mailing list for security advisories is sympa.inria.fr/sympa=
/info/ocsf-ocaml-security-announcements =E2=80=93 please subscribe if you=
=E2=80=99d like to receive security announcements
      • 

    • There=E2=80=99ll be a brief introduction at Fun OCaml and a talk at OCaml workshop (ICFP) )16:00 - 16:30
      • 

    • We will have a public meeting for discussions on Oct 22nd 14:00 - 16:00=
 CEST (online, yet to be announced where)
      • 

    • There=E2=80=99s already the OCaml security advisory database https://github.com/ocaml/sec=
urity-advisories (still empty, we=E2=80=99ll fill it over the next week=
s)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert then said
    

    

    

    
We will have a public meeting for discussions on Oct 22nd 14:00 - 16:00 CES=
T (online, yet to be announced where) =E2=80=93 save the date if you=E2=80=
=99re interested

    

    


    
We settled on a platform, and will have the meeting at https://meet.bornhack.dk/OCamlS=
ecurityPublicMeeting

    


    
An agenda will be posted before the meeting.

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-xmlerr 0.08.2 available
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-xmlerr-0-08-2-availab=
le/17313/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
This is an annouce for ocaml-xmlerr.

    


    
ocaml-xmlerr version 0.08.2 is available.

    


    
This main module of this package is a small module to read xml with errors.

    


    
The main purpose was not to really read xml with errors, but to read html f=
rom the web.

    


    
At the beginning I wrote in the read-me file that I wrote it in one afterno=
on, but this is without considering that in fact it was the third time I wa=
s trying to make something like this.

    


    
One of the first attempt even probably took me almost a day. So we can not =
say that I succeed easily.

    


    
In the .zip archive of ocaml-xmlerr version 0.08.2, you will find the diffe=
rent modules re-organized with dirs.

    


    
And there are also two additional commands build on top of the first module.

    


    
htmlxtr is a simple extractor for HTML from a simple template.
Please read the man page for more description about how to use it:

    

    $ man ./htmlxtr.1

    

    
There is also htmluxtr - a simple extractor for .html using a simple=
 un-template / re-template method.
Please read the man page for more informations :

    

    $ man ./htmluxtr.1

    

    
There is a new example of use provided in the 'using' directory.

    


    
There is a script to help you writing your pattern matching of xml fragment=
s.
The base module providing a list for tags and contents, the pattern matchin=
g is not done based on a tree-structure.

    


    
And there is now an additional module to convert this flat-list structure i=
nto a tree structure, inside the addon directory. The report module has not=
 been widely tested yet.

    


    
This is not professional quality.

    


    
If I'm not mistaken "amateur" is both pejorative, in both french and in eng=
lish languages, exept if it's associated with "astronomer".

    


    
http://deca=
pode314.free.fr/ocaml/xmlerr/

    


    
PS: if you edit my posts, I would prefer you edit the links with normal lin=
ks (like above), please.

    


    
PS-2 : I haven't been able to pattern-match all the opam packages with uxtr=
, the total doesn't match, I only find 38_000.

    

    

    

    

    

    Contract OCaml Engineer =E2=80=93 Terrateam (Remote, 3 months)=

    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/contract-ocaml-=
engineer-terrateam-remote-3-months/17314/1

    

    

    

    Josh Pollara announced
    

    

    
Terrateam (https://terrateam.io) is lo=
oking for an experienced OCaml engineer to join us on a 3-month contract.

    


    
About us
Terrateam is an open-source tool for GitOps-based Terraform automation. We =
are a small, bootstrapped team building infrastructure automation software =
used by enterprises.

    


    
The role
We are extending our OCaml codebase to support new functionality around Ter=
raform state and plan execution. The work is primarily in OCaml, with a foc=
us on systems programming, concurrency, and backend development. You=E2=80=
=99ll work directly with the founding team on scoped engineering projects a=
nd help push forward the internals of how Terraform can be used at scale.

    


    
Details

    


      

    • Contract length: 3 months (with potential extension)
      • 

    • Compensation: competitive, commensurate with experience
      • 

    • Location: remote (EU timezone preferred)
      • 

    • Start date: as soon as possible
      • 

    


    
Requirements

    


      

    • Strong background in OCaml development
      • 

    • Experience with systems programming or infrastructure tooling (Terrafor=
m or related) is a plus
      • 

    • Ability to work independently in a fast-moving environment
      • 

    


    
If you are interested, please contact me directly at josh@terrateam.io.

    

    

    

    

    

    Mk-man module
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mk-man-module/17319/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
Mk-man tries to provide a simple way to write a man page,
http://decapode314.fr=
ee.fr/ocaml2/mk_man/
and also with a similare module to produce the web page.

    

    

    

    

    

    gil scm .cmd
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-gil-scm-cmd/17320/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
Gil-scm is not really an scm, (source management control),
http://decapo=
de314.free.fr/ocaml2/gil/
it takes its inspiration from an scm, but it should more be considerated as=
 a "snapshot-management-script".
It can output an .html interface of the following versions:
example<=
/a>

    

    

    

    

    

    mini-svg version 0.03.13b, of 0.03.13
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mini-svg-version-0-0=
3-13b-of-0-03-13/17322/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
The release "0.03.13" has been deleted, because chat-gpt informed me that t=
he repository replicating some mondrian art hosted at github has been delet=
ed. The rel-0.03.13 was also containing some pop-art replications, with ran=
dom additions.

    


    
So these elements have been deleted, and are not there in "0.03.13b" anymor=
e.

    


    
Sorry for the inconveniance.

    


    
PS: mini-svg

    


    
PS2: mini-svg is not professional quality.

    


    
PS3: To the extent permitted by law, you can use mini-svg with any spdx lic=
ense.

    

    

    

    

    

    An efficient priority queue with low integer priorities
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-a=
n-efficient-priority-queue-with-low-integer-priorities/17323/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I am happy to announce the release of intPQueue, a package tha=
t offers (two variants of) an efficient priority queue, which is restricted=
 to scenarios where the priorities are low integers. See the documentation.

    


    opam update && opam install intPQueue

    


    
Happy queueing,
Fran=C3=A7ois.

    

    

    

    

    

    Cmdliner 2.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cmdliner-2-0-0/17324/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
Hello,=20

    


    
It is my pleasure to announce the release of cmdliner 2.0.0.=20

    


    

    
Cmdliner is a library that allows the declarative definition of command lin=
e interfaces with outstanding support for command line interface user conve=
ntions and standards.

    

    


    
The main points of this release are:

    


      

    • ANSI styled error and deprecation messages (details)
      • 

    • Support for manpage installation (details)
      • 

    • Support for shell auto-completion (details)
      • 

    


    
The latter was made possible by good initial ground work of @andreypopp who can now clai=
m to have unblocked my mind and the very first and 11 years old Cmdliner issue. Many tha=
nks to him!

    


    
This addition has the following consequences:=20

    


      

    1. The problematic feature that allowed you to specify command names, opti=
on names and enumerant values by a prefix if the prefix was unambiguous has=
 now been removed. See this issue for the rationale. Set CMDLINER_LEGACY_PREFIXE=
S=3Dtrue in your environment if you find yourself in need of a quick=
 backward compatibility fix because one of your scripts is failing due to a=
 prefix being used (but do eventually correct the script!).
      2. 


    2. It finally triggered making the type Arg.conv abstract as =
announced it would become in 2017. See this issue fo=
r details.
      3. 

    


    
If you are a user of cmdliner based tools. You may want to have at a look h=
ow to configure your shell in order to benefit from their compl=
etion scripts, especially if said tools are installed via opam=
. After installing cmdliner you should be able to check that y=
our configuration works correctly on the new cmdliner tool tha=
t now gets installed with cmdliner itself.

    


    
For other changes that may affect you or your users please head to the release notes which have many other details.

    


    
Other than that a full pass was made over the documentation to try to impro=
ve and bring it up-to-date with the latest style and additions. Notably the=
 tutor=
ial and examples were updated to make use of the binding operators; howev=
er obscure let punning may feel, these are less error prone as your n=
umber of cli arguments grow.

    


    
I also added a cookbook which tries to distill in shorter snippets some of cm=
dliner's features and the experience I gathered over the past 14 years of u=
sing cmdliner to define dozens of command line interfaces. It includes source code structure tips and a few bootstrapping bluepri=
nts to cut and paste for when you start your next command line tool.

    


    
For this release I'm very thankful to a private one-time donation[^1], a gr=
ant from the OCaml software foundation and, as always, my few but faithfull donors. All of which are essential for these releases to e=
ventually get out. They do take quite a bit longer to devise that one would=
 expect :=E2=80=93)

    


    
Home page: https://errat=
ique.ch/software/cmdliner

    


    
API docs & manuals: https://erratique.ch/software/cmdliner/doc/  or odig doc cmd=
liner

    


    
Install: opam install cmdliner (once the PR is merged, may take a few=
 days)

    


    
Best,=20

    


    
Daniel

    


    
[^1]: Which are as nice as recurring donations ;=E2=80=93)

    

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli later added
    

    

    
To follow up on the completion feature. It should be stressed that I don't =
consider it to be fully "done" as it stands. I'm pretty sure the completion=
 API, protocol, features and the generic completion scripts can be improved=
. The main problem is that it seems shell programmers are more interested i=
n cajoling the look of their prompts than defining sane cross-shell standar=
d protocols for tool/shell interaction. The current completion mecanisms ar=
e broken be=
yond imagination.

    


    
Issues about completion are tagged accordingly in the issue tracker. Do not=
 hesitate to chime in if you have ideas or more knowledge than I do for imp=
rovements. I'm also happy to add support for more shells but it's better if=
 you help for that because working with shells makes me want to throw my co=
mputer out of the window.

    


    
Meanwhile I'd like to show two completion feature that I'm quite happy to h=
ave support for in this release.=20

    

    

    

    Context sensitive completion
    

    

    
The idea here, suggested by @andreypopp, is that completion can depend on a=
 context that is specified via a cmdliner term itself. This is typically us=
eful for configuration dependent completions: you have a cmdliner term that=
 represents your configuration and you access it when doing a completion.

    


    
For example in the next release of odig you can autocomplete p=
ackage names on odig doc [PKG]. The available packages depend =
on looking up a libdir which can be specified with a command line argument =
itself. So for example this completes according to the automatic libdir loo=
kup

    


    # Auto discovered libdir
> odig doc c=E2=90=89
camlp-streams   checkseum  cmarkit  camlpdf  cairo2=20=20
containers      cmdliner   cpuid    cppo     cpdf=20=20=20=20
cstruct-lwt     cstruct    ctypes   crunch   csexp=20=20=20
ctypes-foreign=20=20=20=20=20=20

    


    
But the following looks for packages in another switch:

    


    # Explicit libdir
> odig doc c=E2=90=89 --lib-dir $(opam var lib --switch=3Dmyswitch)=20
capitalization  cerberus-lib  calendar  charon=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
core_kernel     core_unix     cmdliner  cppo    core=20=20
cstruct         csexp=20=20

    


    
The commit that implements this in odig=
 is rather straightforward, it simply reuses the existing conf=
 term for the completion context. Also the cookbook has a simple =
self-contained example to start from.

    

    

    

    

    Compositional completion (restart and raw)
    

    

    
The second completion feature is to retain completion on the tools that ano=
ther tool invokes =E2=80=93 commands like sudo.=20

    


    
For example in the b0 tool, the build system I'm using for all=
 my developments. The b0 vcs [OPTION]=E2=80=A6 -- VCS [ARG]=E2=80=A6<=
/code> command allows to bulk operate the VCSs of the projects you included=
 in a B0.ml build description file.=20

    


    
Using appopriate cmdliner completion directives the completion of this comm=
and first completes the VCS enum (which can be git or hg) and then gracefully drops back to the completion of
your VCS:

    


    > b0 vcs -- =E2=90=89
git  hg  --
> b0 vcs -- git sh=E2=90=89
shell       -- restricted login shell for GIT-only SSH access
shortlog    -- summarize git log output
show        -- show various types of objects
show-branch -- show branches and their commits
show-index  -- show packed archive index
show-ref    -- list references in a local repository

    


    
This is a restart completion type. It restar=
ts the completion context as if the cli started after the -- t=
oken.=20

    


    
It is the kind of behaviour you want from e.g. opam exec, thou=
gh arguably in the case of opam exec it will be sligthly misle=
ading since completions will occur using the outer environment rather than =
the one setup by opam exec -- TOOL [ARG]=E2=80=A6.  Still, som=
etimes inaccurate completion is better than no completion.=20

    


    
Note that this would be quite easy to solve with a good cross-shell complet=
ion standard: just invoke TOOL in the environment setup by opam exec according to the completion standard (e.g. the cmdliner completion protocol) and propagate the result back in the co=
mpletion for opam exec, but we do not live in that world. Stil=
l the API is ready for such a technique to be used, by using a raw completion type (I use this in b0 to complete custom, library an=
d user-defined, actions like b0 -- .opam or b0 -- .ocaml=
).=20

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Detrow, a command-line calendar
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-detrow-a-command-line-cale=
ndar/17328/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
Detrow is a comma=
nd-line calendar which displays the months of a calendar in colomns.

    


    
(So each days of months are aligned in rows)

    


    
(With Detris, =
months are displayed in a similar way than the cal unix command.)

    


    
You can download it with the following command:

    

    wget http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/detrow/dl/0.01b/detrow.ml

    

    
Then you can call it like this:

    

    $ \ocaml detrow.ml

    

    
It will display the first half of the month, Januray until June.

    


    
If you want the second half of the year, Jully until December, you can call=
 it again with:

    

    $ \ocaml detrow.ml b

    

    
The first half, can also be called with the "a" parameter:

    

    $ \ocaml detrow.ml a

    

    
If you call it like this:

    

    $ \ocaml detrow.ml ann-file 2025 b

    

    
With the file called "ann-file" containing:

    

    $ cat ann-file
2025-09-27: detrow-ann

    

    
You will see the string `"detrow-ann"` displayed in the calendar in front o=
f the day `"2025-09-27"`.
(The number of chars that can be displayed is lower than 8 (< 8).)

    

    

    

    

    

    rpmfile 0.8.0+ library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-rpmfile-0-8-0-library/17330/1

    

    

    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I am pleased to announce the next major version of my library for reading RPM packages, power=
ed by Angstrom.

    


    

    # #require "rpmfile";;

# let pkg =3D=20
    In_channel.with_open_bin=20
      "hello-2.12.2-2.fc43.x86_64.rpm"=20
      Rpmfile.Reader.of_channel
    |> Result.get_ok;;

# Rpmfile.View.name pkg;;
- : string =3D "hello"

# Rpmfile.View.vendor pkg;;
- : string =3D "Fedora Project"

# Rpmfile.View.version pkg;;
- : string =3D "2.12.2"

    

    


    
This release has broken the previous API and made it simpler and mor=
e compact.

    


    
Added capture of the payload of the RPM package body. But it is not effecti=
ve enough.

    


    

    # pkg.payload;;
- : string option =3D None

    

    


    
You can implement this functionality manually using Lwt and angstrom-lwt-unix or something else.

    


    

    (* e=
xamples/extract_payload_by_lwt.ml *)

let default_tags_selector =3D
  Rpmfile.Reader.
    {
      predicate_signature_tag =3D Fun.const true;
      predicate_header_tag =3D Fun.c=
onst true;
    }

let pkg_parser =3D
  Rpmfile.Reader.make_package_parser=
 ~capture_payload:false
    ~tags_selector:default_tags_sele=
ctor

let () =3D
  let open Lwt.Syntax in
  Lwt_main.run
  @@
  let* ic =3D Lwt_io.=
open_file ~mode:Input "hello.rpm" in
  let* _pkg =3D
    let* b, r =
=3D Angstrom_lwt_unix.parse pkg_pars=
er ic in
    let+ _ =3D Lwt_io=
.set_position ic (Int64.of_in=
t b.off) in
    Result.get_ok r
  in
  let* payload =3D Lw=
t_io.read ic in

  (* ... *)

    

    


    
… :pie:

    

    

    

    



    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Received-SPF: Pass (mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr: domain of
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 30 to
October 07, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

moonpool 0.9, moonpool-lwt 0.9
First release candidate for OCaml 5.4.0
Announcing the OCaml Zulip at ocaml.zulipchat.com
An impressive macrobenchmark for eio
nim-ocaml
Call for Contributions: BOB 2026 (Berlin, March 13 - Deadline Nov 17)
ocp-indent 1.9.0
Sketch.sh now supports OCaml 5.3.0
OUPS meetup october 2025
New releases of Merlin (5.6) and OCaml-LSP (1.24.0)
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


moonpool 0.9, moonpool-lwt 0.9
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello camels,

  I=E2=80=99m happy to announce the release of [moonpool 0.9] and moonpool-=
lwt
  0.9. Moonpool is a concurrency and parallelism library that provides
  lightweight fibers and a concept of `Runner.t' that they can be
  dispatched on. Multiple runners can co-exist inside a program.

  This release is a fairly large one. First, Moonpool now requires OCaml
  >=3D 5.0 (no more 4.xx compat), which removes the need for a
  preprocessor and makes `await' generally available on every
  `Runner.t'. Some sub-libraries are now deprecated (`moonpool-io',
  `moonpool.sync' in favor of picos, etc.).

  The biggest improvement is `moonpool-lwt'. It now wraps `Lwt_main.run'
  and turns it into a `Moonpool.Runner.t', meaning that `Lwt', `Lwt_io',
  `Lwt_unix', and all the libraries built on top can now directly be
  used from Moonpool. `Lwt' promises can be turned into moonpool futures
  and conversely; fibers can be spawned in the `Lwt_engine' loop from
  any thread (to perform IO and call lwt libraries) and be awaited from
  other threads, too.

  Documentation: 
  ,
  


[moonpool 0.9] 

Example echo server
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module M_lwt =3D Moonpool_lwt
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let ( let@ ) =3D ( @@ )
  =E2=94=82 let str_of_sockaddr =3D function
  =E2=94=82   | Unix.ADDR_UNIX s -> s
  =E2=94=82   | Unix.ADDR_INET (addr, port) ->
  =E2=94=82     Printf.sprintf "%s:%d" (Unix.string_of_inet_addr addr) port
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let main ~port () : unit =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* never resolved *)
  =E2=94=82   let lwt_fut, _lwt_prom =3D Lwt.wait () in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   let handle_client client_addr (ic, oc) : _ Lwt.t =3D
  =E2=94=82     (* spawn a new fiber in the lwt thread *)
  =E2=94=82     let@ () =3D M_lwt.spawn_lwt in
  =E2=94=82     Printf.printf "got new client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr c=
lient_addr);
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     let buf =3D Bytes.create 1024 in
  =E2=94=82     let continue =3D ref true in
  =E2=94=82     while !continue do
  =E2=94=82       let n =3D Lwt_io.read_into ic buf 0 (Bytes.length buf) |>=
 M_lwt.await_lwt in
  =E2=94=82       if n =3D 0 then
  =E2=94=82         continue :=3D false
  =E2=94=82       else (
  =E2=94=82         Lwt_io.write_from_exactly oc buf 0 n |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
  =E2=94=82         Lwt_io.flush oc |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
  =E2=94=82       )
  =E2=94=82     done;
  =E2=94=82     Printf.printf "done with client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr=
 client_addr);
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   Printf.printf "listening on port=3D%d\n%!" port;
  =E2=94=82   let addr =3D Unix.ADDR_INET (Unix.inet_addr_any, port) in
  =E2=94=82   let _server =3D
  =E2=94=82     Lwt_io.establish_server_with_client_address addr handle_cli=
ent
  =E2=94=82     |> M_lwt.await_lwt
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   M_lwt.await_lwt lwt_fut (* never returns *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   let port =3D ref 1234 in
  =E2=94=82   let opts =3D
  =E2=94=82     [
  =E2=94=82       "-p", Arg.Set_int port, " port";
  =E2=94=82     ]
  =E2=94=82     |> Arg.align
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82   Arg.parse opts ignore "echo server";
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   M_lwt.lwt_main @@ fun _ -> main ~port:!port ()
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Run it as `echo_server -p 1234' and use `nc localhost 1234' to
  connect. It will echo lines sent to it.

  We can reuse `Lwt_io.establish_server_with_client_address' just fine,
  and use direct style to implement the client handler inside a single
  `Moonpool' fiber (via `Moonpool_lwt.spawn_lwt' that runs its argument
  in the lwt event loop).


Small server with a thread pool for compute
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C

  a variation on the previous one, with a thread pool on which CPU bound
  tasks can be run:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module M_lwt =3D Moonpool_lwt
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let ( let@ ) =3D ( @@ )
  =E2=94=82 let str_of_sockaddr =3D function
  =E2=94=82   | Unix.ADDR_UNIX s -> s
  =E2=94=82   | Unix.ADDR_INET (addr, port) ->
  =E2=94=82     Printf.sprintf "%s:%d" (Unix.string_of_inet_addr addr) port
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 (* don't do this at home *)
  =E2=94=82 let rec fib n =3D
  =E2=94=82   if n <=3D 2 then 1 else fib (n-1) + fib (n-2)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let main ~port ~tpool () : unit =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* never resolved *)
  =E2=94=82   let lwt_fut, _lwt_prom =3D Lwt.wait () in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   let handle_client client_addr (ic, oc) : _ Lwt.t =3D
  =E2=94=82     (* spawn a new fiber in the lwt thread *)
  =E2=94=82     let@ () =3D M_lwt.spawn_lwt in
  =E2=94=82     Printf.printf "got new client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr c=
lient_addr);
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     let continue =3D ref true in
  =E2=94=82     while !continue do
  =E2=94=82       match Lwt_io.read_line ic |> M_lwt.await_lwt with
  =E2=94=82       | exception End_of_file -> continue :=3D false
  =E2=94=82       | line ->
  =E2=94=82         let input =3D int_of_string @@ String.trim line in
  =E2=94=82         (* run fib(input) in the thread pool and suspend until
  =E2=94=82            it's done *)
  =E2=94=82         let fib_input =3D
  =E2=94=82           Moonpool.Fut.spawn ~on:tpool (fun () -> fib input)
  =E2=94=82           |> Moonpool.Fut.await
  =E2=94=82         in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82         Lwt_io.write oc (Printf.sprintf "%d\n" fib_input)
  =E2=94=82           |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
  =E2=94=82         Lwt_io.flush oc |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
  =E2=94=82     done;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82     Printf.printf "done with client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr=
 client_addr);
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   Printf.printf "listening on port=3D%d\n%!" port;
  =E2=94=82   let addr =3D Unix.ADDR_INET (Unix.inet_addr_any, port) in
  =E2=94=82   let _server =3D
  =E2=94=82     Lwt_io.establish_server_with_client_address addr handle_cli=
ent
  =E2=94=82     |> M_lwt.await_lwt
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   M_lwt.await_lwt lwt_fut (* never returns *)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   let port =3D ref 1234 in
  =E2=94=82   let j =3D ref 8 in
  =E2=94=82   let opts =3D
  =E2=94=82     [
  =E2=94=82       "-j", Arg.Set_int j, " thread pool size";
  =E2=94=82       "-p", Arg.Set_int port, " port";
  =E2=94=82     ]
  =E2=94=82     |> Arg.align
  =E2=94=82   in
  =E2=94=82   Arg.parse opts ignore "echo server";
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   let@ tpool =3D Moonpool.Ws_pool.with_ ~num_threads:!j () in
  =E2=94=82   M_lwt.lwt_main @@ fun _ -> main ~port:!port ~tpool ()
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Note how the computation is done by starting a task in the `tpool'
  argument (a moonpool `Runner.t' provided to the main, by default a
  work stealing pool of 8 threads that can be set via `-j ') and then `await'-ed from the lwt handler. While the
  computation is running, the lwt client handler is suspended and
  doesn=E2=80=99t prevent other clients from making progress.

  To test this one, use `nc localhost 1234' and write (small) integers
  to get `fib(n)' computed. To see it work in parallel, open `top' or
  `htop' and run:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 for i in `seq 1 200`; do nc localhost 1234 <<< '35' &  done
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


First release candidate for OCaml 5.4.0
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The release of OCaml 5.4.0 is imminent.

  As a final step, we are publishing a release candidate to check that
  everything is in order before the release in the upcoming week.

  If you find any bugs, please report them on the [OCaml's issue
  tracker].

  Compared to the second beta, this release candidate only contains a
  fix in the TSAN mode, and one metadata fix in the changelog
  itself. The full change log for OCaml 5.4.0 is available on [GitHub].

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.


[OCaml's issue tracker] 

[GitHub] 

Installation instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:

  opam update opam switch create 5.4.0~rc1

  The source code for the release candidate is also directly available
  on:

  =E2=80=A2 GitHub: 
  =E2=80=A2 OCaml archives at Inria:
    


Fine-tuned compiler configuration
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.4.0~rc1+optio=
ns 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `' is a space-separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a `flambda' and `no-flat-float-array'
  switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.4.0~rc1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.4.0~=
rc1+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Announcing the OCaml Zulip at ocaml.zulipchat.com
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


ancolie announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Dear OCaml community,

  There has been a recent renewed interest in maintaining an open,
  organized and synchronous communication channel, and the OCaml Zulip
  has been revived. It is freely readable without an account at
  [ocaml.zulipchat.org], and can be accessed through various means of
  authentication, including Github accounts.

  On Zulip, we have full access to our data at all time, and should the
  company change its policy, the data can be retrieved and the current
  version of Zulip server is self-hostable. In the meantime, we have
  been graciously offered sponsorship as an open community and can enjoy
  all features of the platform for free, and we thank Zulip for that.

  The platform can be accessed either on the web (one tab per server),
  or on the desktop and mobile client, which allow for managing multiple
  organizations.

  Talking about multiple organizations, there are already many OCaml,
  programming languages and verification related Zulip servers, such as
  [Rocq], [Types], [Why3], [Catala], [Bytecode alliance], [Owi] or
  [Aeneas]. Check-out the full list of [open to the public communities]
  for more.

  Finally, we would like to emphasize that any governance team or
  project is welcome to host their discussions on the Zulip, where a
  channel can be created and admin rights granted.

  Cheers!

  PS: For anyone already on the Zulip, as part of this effort, the URL
  was migrated from `caml.zulipchat.org' to `ocaml.zulipchat.org' and
  you may have to remove the server and login again.


[ocaml.zulipchat.org] 

[Rocq] 

[Types] 

[Why3] 

[Catala] 

[Bytecode alliance] 

[Owi] 

[Aeneas] 

[open to the public communities] 


An impressive macrobenchmark for eio
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


conroj said
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  While wandering around the web I came across a link to a [slide deck]
  by our own @kayceesrk. On slide #35 is a macrobenchmark showing an
  EIO-based network server, and its throughput is pretty favorable
  compared to the Rust implementation=E2=80=99s.

  Taking this at face value, it seems like quite an achievement - not
  only because GC is (supposedly) a handicap for OCaml, but also because
  this seems like a major improvement over a [similar benchmark] from
  2022. I couldn=E2=80=99t find links to deeper discussion of these results=
, so
  I thought I would ask some of the obvious follow-up questions:

  =E2=80=A2 Is OCaml=E2=80=99s tail latency on par with Rust=E2=80=99s in t=
hese scenarios?
  =E2=80=A2 Are both the =E2=80=9COCaml eio=E2=80=9D and =E2=80=9CRust Hype=
r=E2=80=9D results using similar
    kernel capabilities, e.g. `io_uring'? (The slide seems to suggest
    so, but just confirming.)
  =E2=80=A2 Do these results generalize to different levels of concurrency,
    request/response sizes, etc?

  Either way, kudos for raising OCaml=E2=80=99s profile as a platform for
  scalable computing!


[slide deck] 

[similar benchmark]



Anil Madhavapeddy replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  They both used io_uring, yes. The OCaml bindings are at
   ; but note that there
  are several levels of io_uring usage possible depending on your
  tolerance for ranges of Linux kernel support (I=E2=80=99m just adding
  zero-copy transmit support at the moment for a project involving a
  petabyte of data).

  OCaml=E2=80=99s tail latency will be worse than Rust=E2=80=99s due to hav=
ing a GC, but
  not terribly so. As for generalization, those tests were run on a
  pre-5.0 version of OCaml, so the whole test suite would have to be
  rebased against the released versions. A good and useful exercise if
  someone would like to have a go at it!


Thomas Leonard also replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I think the benchmarks are from
  

  I don=E2=80=99t think the Rust ones are using uring, but I=E2=80=99m not =
sure. I
  suspect that all the non-OCaml ones could do with a fan of that
  language optimising them a bit.

  In my experience, whether the Rust or Eio version gets better
  throughput depends on e.g. the number of connections, and tail latency
  was always better with Rust.

  But the basic result is that OCaml is competitive with Rust here.


nim-ocaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I read a paper maybe not this one, but it seems it talks about the
  same thing [https://arxiv.org/html/2506.04657v1].  At the beginning I
  thought it's about the new programming language, but then chatgpt
  explained me that in fact it's a small game with stones. We put a
  given number of stones in the middle, and each player can take 1, 2 or
  3 stones from the stack. There are two variants of the game, the one
  that only has one stone in front of him at the end wins or not.

  So I tryed to make a `nim-ocaml' to play against its `Random.state',
  here below:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   Random.self_init () ;
  =E2=94=82   let n =3D 13 + (Random.int 23) in
  =E2=94=82   let _n =3D ref n in
  =E2=94=82   let run =3D ref true in
  =E2=94=82   while !run do
  =E2=94=82     Printf.printf "%d\n" !_n;
  =E2=94=82     if !_n <=3D 1 then run :=3D false ;
  =E2=94=82     let line =3D read_line () in
  =E2=94=82     begin
  =E2=94=82       try
  =E2=94=82         let d =3D int_of_string line in
  =E2=94=82         _n :=3D !_n - d ;
  =E2=94=82       with _ ->
  =E2=94=82         Printf.printf "please input an integer number\n%!";
  =E2=94=82     end;
  =E2=94=82     let b =3D Random.int 2 + Random.int 3 in
  =E2=94=82     Printf.printf "b played: %d\n" b;
  =E2=94=82     _n :=3D !_n - b ;
  =E2=94=82   done;
  =E2=94=82   Printf.printf "done!\n" ;
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ \ocaml nim.ml=20
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Or later:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ wget http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/nim/nim.ml
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ \ocaml nim.ml
  =E2=94=82 23
  =E2=94=82 3
  =E2=94=82 b played: 3
  =E2=94=82 17
  =E2=94=82 7
  =E2=94=82 b played: 0
  =E2=94=82 10
  =E2=94=82 3
  =E2=94=82 b played: 2
  =E2=94=82 5
  =E2=94=82 2
  =E2=94=82 b played: 2
  =E2=94=82 1
  =E2=94=82 0
  =E2=94=82 b played: 0
  =E2=94=82 done!
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Another version to play against your collegue at the pause:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ wget http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/nim/.gil/nim.ml.0
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[https://arxiv.org/html/2506.04657v1]



Call for Contributions: BOB 2026 (Berlin, March 13 - Deadline Nov 17)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Michael Sperber announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  OCaml contributions are spot-on for BOB - send us some!

  *BOB Conference 2026 - Call for Contributions*


=E2=80=9CWhat happens when we use what=E2=80=99s best for a change?=E2=80=9D
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 
  =E2=80=A2 Berlin, Mar 13
  =E2=80=A2 Deadline: November 17, 2025


Looking for Speakers
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  You are actively engaged in advanced software engineering methods,
  solve ambitious problem with software and are open to cutting-edge
  innovation? Attend this conference, meet people that share your goals,
  and get to know the best software tools and technologies available
  today. We strive to offer a day full of new experiences and
  impressions that you can use to immediately improve your daily life as
  a software developer.

  If you share our vision and want to contribute, submit a proposal for
  a talk or tutorial!

  *NOTE*: The conference fee will be waived for presenters. Travel
  expenses will not be covered (for exceptions see =E2=80=9CSpeaker Grants=
=E2=80=9D).


Topics
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We are looking for talks about best-of-breed software technology,
  e.g.:

  =E2=80=A2 functional programming
  =E2=80=A2 persistent data structures and databases
  =E2=80=A2 event-based modelling and architecture
  =E2=80=A2 =E2=80=9Cfancy types=E2=80=9D (dependent types, gradual typing,=
 linear types, =E2=80=A6)
  =E2=80=A2 formal methods for correctness and robustness
  =E2=80=A2 abstractions for concurrency and parallelism
  =E2=80=A2 metaprogramming
  =E2=80=A2 probabilistic programming
  =E2=80=A2 math and programming
  =E2=80=A2 controlled side effects
  =E2=80=A2 program synthesis
  =E2=80=A2 AI beyond vibecoding and chatbots
  =E2=80=A2 linked data
  =E2=80=A2 symbolic AI
  =E2=80=A2 next-generation IDEs
  =E2=80=A2 effective abstractions for data analytics
  =E2=80=A2 =E2=80=A6 everything really that isn=E2=80=99t mainstream, but =
you think should be
  =E2=80=A2 =E2=80=A6 including rough ideas that are worth discussing.

  Presenters should provide the audience with information that is
  practically useful for software developers.


Challenges
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Furthermore, we seek contributions on successful approaches for
  solving hard problems, for example:

  =E2=80=A2 bias in machine-learning systems
  =E2=80=A2 digital transformation in difficult settings
  =E2=80=A2 accessibility
  =E2=80=A2 systems with critical reliability requirements
  =E2=80=A2 ecologically sustainable software development

  *We=E2=80=99re especially interested in experience reports.*

  Other topics are also relevant, e.g.:

  =E2=80=A2 introductory talks on technical background
  =E2=80=A2 overviews of a given field
  =E2=80=A2 demos and how-tos


Requirements
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We accept proposals for presentations of 45 minutes (40 minutes talk +
  5 minutes questions), as well as 90 minute tutorials for
  beginners. The language of presentation should be either English or
  German.

  Your proposal should include (in your presentation language of
  choice):

  =E2=80=A2 An abstract of max. 1500 characters.
  =E2=80=A2 A short bio/cv
  =E2=80=A2 Contact information (including at least email address)
  =E2=80=A2 A list of 3-5 concrete ideas of how your work can be applied in=
 a
    developer=E2=80=99s daily life
  =E2=80=A2 additional material (websites, blogs, slides, videos of past
    presentations, =E2=80=A6)

  [Submit here]


[Submit here] 


Organisation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Direct questions to `konferenz at bobkonf dot de'
  =E2=80=A2 Proposal deadline: *November 17, 2025*
  =E2=80=A2 Notification: December 5, 2025
  =E2=80=A2 Program: December 12, 2025


Shepherding
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The program committee offers shepherding to all speakers. Shepherding
  provides speakers assistance with preparing their
  sessions. Specifically:

  =E2=80=A2 advice on structure and presentation
  =E2=80=A2 review of talk slides


Speaker Grants
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  BOB has Speaker Grants available to support speakers from groups
  under-represented in technology. We specifically seek women speakers,
  speakers of color, and speakers who are not able to attend the
  conference for financial reasons.


ocp-indent 1.9.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here at OCamlPro we=E2=80=99re happy to announce the (long awaited) relea=
se of
  ocp-indent.1.9.0.

  The full release notes are available [here] if you want the detailed
  version.

  1.9.0 contains mostly bug fixes, better and more consistent
  indentation of `fun _ ->' and `|>', compatibility with cmdliner.1.3.0
  and above (it works with 2.0.0) and a new utility tool:
  `ocp-indent-gen-rules' for those of you who would like to try
  `ocp-indent' in a `dune fmt' like workflow.

  This last bit is documented [here]. This is a feature that some of us
  wanted internally at OCamlPro so we decided to ship it with the tool
  as an experiment. We=E2=80=99d really like to hear if this fits your
  ocp-indent usage so please don=E2=80=99t hesitate to try it out and give =
us
  some feedback.

  We=E2=80=99re also interested in hearing how you use ocp-indent in genera=
l and
  what you expect from it. Reach out if you have any request!

  We=E2=80=99ve also updated the repo to fit the more recent development
  standards. We migrated the test suite to dune cram tests and
  re-enabled them in opam.  Hopefully this should make contributing to
  ocp-indent a smoother experience!

  Also be aware that we=E2=80=99ll do our best to maintain ocp-indent more
  actively from now on.

  We=E2=80=99d like to thank our external contributors for this release:
  @dbuenzli, @nojb, @bcc32 and @Julow.

  Happy indenting!


[here] 

[here]



Sketch.sh now supports OCaml 5.3.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive:
  


Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The interactive OCaml sketchbook [sketch.sh] has added support for
  OCaml 5.3.0.


[sketch.sh] 

*Support for 5.3.0*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Storing and running sketches using the compiler version 5.3.0 is now
  possible, this functionality has been added to the already existing
  support for versions 4.06.1 and 4.13.1. This new version brings
  support for OCaml 5=E2=80=99s effect handlers and multicore
  capabilities. Since sketch.sh runs in the browser using JavaScript via
  js_of_ocaml, the multicore capabilities are simulated using
  [continuation-passing style].

  Here you can see a sketch showcasing effects: [Effects Example -
  Sketch.sh].

  While support for intermediate versions is technically possible, it
  will require adding a mechanism to support choosing the version of the
  compiler for the current sketch (see [issue #375]).


[continuation-passing style]


[Effects Example - Sketch.sh]


[issue #375] 


*Existing sketches and forks*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Previously existing sketches remain in their original compiler
  version, while newly created sketches will be on 5.3.0 by default. For
  now, the only way to "migrate" a sketch to a newer version of the
  compiler is by copying its content and pasting it in a new sketch.

  Forked sketches inherit the compiler version of the upstream sketch.


*Reporting features and issues*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Please [let us know] in case you have a feature request, or if you
  encounter any issues or bugs. Also, don't hesitate to reach out via
  [Reason Discord] or Discuss DMs if you would like to contribute or
  participate in the project in some way. There are a lot of
  opportunities to do so, both on the frontend and backend sides.


[let us know] 

[Reason Discord] 


OUPS meetup october 2025
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


ancolie announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  The next OUPS meetup will take place on *Monday, 13th of October*
  2025. It will start at *6:30pm* at the *4 place Jussieu* in Paris. It
  will be in the in the *Esclangon building* (amphi Astier).

  Please, *[register on meetup ]* as soon as possible to let us know how
  many pizza we should order.

  For more details, you may check the [OUPS=E2=80=99 website ].

  Moreover, we'd like to announce that the organizing team moved to the
  [OCaml Zulip]. Feel free to contact us there if you'd like to suggest
  talks.

  This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

  *What's the deal with modular implicits ? =E2=80=93 Samuel Vivien*

        Modular implicits est une extension d'OCaml pr=C3=A9sent=C3=A9e en
        2014 comme une solution =C3=A0 l'absence de type classe en
        OCaml. Cependant malgr=C3=A9 l'anciennet=C3=A9 de cette proposition
        cette fonctionnalit=C3=A9 n'est toujours pas disponible dans
        OCaml. Nous ferons un tour d'horizon de modular implicits
        pour rappeler comment cette fonctionnalit=C3=A9 marche, ce qui
        as d=C3=A9j=C3=A0 =C3=A9t=C3=A9 impl=C3=A9ment=C3=A9 dans le compil=
ateur mais aussi ce
        qu'il reste =C3=A0 faire ainsi que les probl=C3=A9matiques li=C3=A9=
s au
        typage des implicites.

  *Flambda2: Abstractions without Cost =E2=80=93 Guillaume Bury*

        Surprise.

  After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the [OCaml
  Software Foundation] and later on we=E2=80=99ll move to a pub nearby as u=
sual.


[register on meetup ]


[OUPS=E2=80=99 website ] 

[OCaml Zulip] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 


New releases of Merlin (5.6) and OCaml-LSP (1.24.0)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We are pleased to announce new releases of *Merlin* (`5.6-504' and
  `5.6-503') and *OCaml-LSP* (`1.24.0', for `5.4', and `1.23.1')!

  This release of *Merlin* offers, firstly, support for OCaml `5.4'. It
  improves support for OpenBSD (for `merlin-reader'), improves typing
  recovery in the handling of mutual recursion, and adds a new feature
  to the protocol: `locate-types'. It works similarly to `locate-type',
  except that it allows you to distinguish between several _locatable_
  types in an expression like this: `(int, Foo.t) result' enabling the
  location of: `int', `Foo.t' and `('a, 'b) result'. In addition, the
  Vim client has been fixed for the use of `project-wide-occurrences'.

  The release of *OCaml LSP* also mainly concerns support for `5.4' and
  several bug fixes.

  As with every version upgrade, *we are eager to hear user
  feedback*. Try out these new releases on your `5.4' switches and don't
  hesitate to report any issues you encounter ([Merlin], [OCaml LSP])!


[Merlin] 

[OCaml LSP] 

Merlin Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Merlin `5.6-504' (& `5.6-503')

  =E2=81=83 merlin binary
    =E2=80=A2 Add `locate-types' command (#1951)
  =E2=81=83 merlin library
    =E2=80=A2 Fix `merlin_reader' for OpenBSD (#1956)
    =E2=80=A2 Improve recovery of mutually recursive definitions (#1962, #1=
963,
      fixes #1953)
    =E2=80=A2 Support for OCaml `5.4' (#1974) (*only for `5.6-504'*)
  =E2=81=83 vim plugin
    =E2=80=A2 Fix error when `:MerlinOccurrencesProjectWide' fails to gather
      code previews (#1970)
  =E2=81=83 test suite
    =E2=80=A2 Add more short-paths tests cases (#1904)


OCaml LSP Changelog
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A `1.24.0' & `1.23.1'

  =E2=81=83 features
    =E2=80=A2 Support for OCaml `5.4' (#1559)
  =E2=81=83 fixes
    =E2=80=A2 Fix hover on method calls not showing the type. (#1553, fixes
      #1552)
    =E2=80=A2 Fix error on opening `.mll' files (#1557)
    =E2=80=A2 Ensure compatibility with both yojson 2.0 and 3.0. (#1534)


  *Happy Hacking*!  The Merlin Team :man_mage: :two_hump_camel:


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]
  =E2=80=A2 [One year at Ahrefs]
  =E2=80=A2 [Attempting overlayfs with macFuse]
  =E2=80=A2 [Mental Check: Reflecting on the OCaml Journey So Far]
  =E2=80=A2 [Ocsigen: A Full OCaml Framework for Websites and Apps]
  =E2=80=A2 [File descriptors as integers considered harmful]
  =E2=80=A2 [Hacking OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [File descriptors are not integers]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Upcoming OCaml Events] 

[One year at Ahrefs]


[Attempting overlayfs with macFuse]


[Mental Check: Reflecting on the OCaml Journey So Far]


[Ocsigen: A Full OCaml Framework for Websites and Apps]


[File descriptors as integers considered harmful]


[Hacking OCaml] 

[File descriptors are not integers]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of September 30 to Octob=
er 07, 2025.

    



    

    moonpool 0.9, moonpool-lwt 0.9
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-moonpool-0-9-moonpool-lwt-0=
-9/17337/1

    

    

    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Hello camels,

    


    
I=E2=80=99m happy to announce the release of moonpool 0.9 and moonpool-lwt 0.9. M=
oonpool is a concurrency and parallelism library that provides lightweight =
fibers and a concept of Runner.t that they can be dispatched o=
n. Multiple runners can co-exist inside a program.

    


    
This release is a fairly large one. First, Moonpool now requires OCaml >=
=3D 5.0 (no more 4.xx compat), which removes the need for a preprocessor an=
d makes await generally available on every Runner.t. Some sub-libraries are now deprecated (moonpool-io, =
moonpool.sync in favor of picos, etc.).

    


    
The biggest improvement is moonpool-lwt. It now wraps Lw=
t_main.run and turns it into a Moonpool.Runner.t, meani=
ng that Lwt, Lwt_io, Lwt_unix, and a=
ll the libraries built on top can now directly be used from Moonpool. Lwt promises can be turned into moonpool futures and conversely; fi=
bers can be spawned in the Lwt_engine loop from any thread (to=
 perform IO and call lwt libraries) and be awaited from other threads, too.

    


    
Documentation: https://c-cube.github.io/moonpool/moonpool/index.html , https://c-cube.github.io/moonpool/moonpool-lwt/Moonpool_lwt/index.html

    

    

    

    Example echo server
    

    

    

    module M_lwt =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf;">Moonpool_lwt

let ( let@ ) =3D ( @@=
 )
let str_of_sockaddr =3D function
  | Unix.ADDR_UNIX s -> s
  | Unix.ADDR_INET (addr, port) ->
    Printf.sprintf "%s:%d" (Unix.=
string_of_inet_addr addr) port


let main ~port () : unit =3D
  (* never resolved *)
  let lwt_fut, _lwt_p=
rom =3D Lwt.wait () in

  let handle_client c=
lient_addr (ic, oc) : _ =
Lwt.=
t =3D
    (* spawn a new fiber in the lwt thr=
ead *)
    let@ () =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf;">M_lwt.spawn_lwt in
    Printf.printf "got new client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr client_add=
r);

    let buf =3D Bytes=
.create 1024 in
    let continue =3D ref true <=
span style=3D"color: #000000; font-weight: bold;">in
    while !continue do
      let n =3D Lwt_i=
o.read_into ic buf 0 (Bytes.l=
ength buf) |> M_lwt.await_lwt in
      if n =3D 0 =
then
        continue :=3D false
      else (
        Lwt_io.write_from_exactly oc=
 buf 0 n |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
        Lwt_io.flush oc |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
      )
    done;
    Printf.printf "done with client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr client_a=
ddr);
  in

  Printf.printf "listening on port=3D%d\n%!" port;
  let addr =3D Unix.<=
/span>ADDR_INET<=
/span> (Unix.inet_addr_any, port) in
  let _server =3D
    Lwt_io.establish_server_with_cli=
ent_address addr handle_client
    |> M_lwt.await_lwt
  in

  M_lwt.await_lwt lwt_fut (* never returns *)

let () =3D
  let port =3D ref 1234 in
  let opts =3D
    [
      "-p", Arg.Set_int port, " port";
    ]
    |> Arg.align
  in
  Arg.parse opts ignore "echo server";

  M_lwt.lwt_main @@ f=
un _ -> main ~port:!p=
ort ()

    

    


    
Run it as echo_server -p 1234 and use nc localhost 1234<=
/code> to connect. It will echo lines sent to it.

    


    
We can reuse Lwt_io.establish_server_with_client_address just =
fine, and use direct style to implement the client handler inside a single =
Moonpool fiber (via Moonpool_lwt.spawn_lwt that r=
uns its argument in the lwt event loop).=20

    

    

    

    

    Small server with a thread pool for compute
    

    

    
a variation on the previous one, with a thread pool on which CPU bound task=
s can be run:

    


    

    module M_lwt =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf;">Moonpool_lwt

let ( let@ ) =3D ( @@=
 )
let str_of_sockaddr =3D function
  | Unix.ADDR_UNIX s -> s
  | Unix.ADDR_INET (addr, port) ->
    Printf.sprintf "%s:%d" (Unix.=
string_of_inet_addr addr) port

(* don't do this at home *)
let rec fib n =3D
  if n <=3D 2 =
then 1 else fib (n-1) + fib (n-2)

let main ~port ~tpool () : unit =3D
  (* never resolved *)
  let lwt_fut, _lwt_p=
rom =3D Lwt.wait () in

  let handle_client c=
lient_addr (ic, oc) : _ =
Lwt.=
t =3D
    (* spawn a new fiber in the lwt thr=
ead *)
    let@ () =3D <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf;">M_lwt.spawn_lwt in
    Printf.printf "got new client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr client_add=
r);

    let continue =3D ref true <=
span style=3D"color: #000000; font-weight: bold;">in
    while !continue do
      match Lwt_io.read_line ic |> M_lwt.await_=
lwt with
      | exception=
 End_of_file -> continue :=3D false
      | line ->
        let input =3D int_of_string @@ String.trim=
 line in
        (* run fib(input) in the thread=
 pool and suspend until
           it's done *)
        let fib_input =3D
          Moonpool.Fut.spawn ~on:tpool (fun () -> fib input)
          |> Moonpool.Fut.await
        in

        Lwt_io.write oc (Printf.sprintf =
"%d\n" fib_input)
          |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
        Lwt_io.flush oc |> M_lwt.await_lwt;
    done;

    Printf.printf "done with client on %s\n%!" (str_of_sockaddr client_a=
ddr);
  in

  Printf.printf "listening on port=3D%d\n%!" port;
  let addr =3D Unix.<=
/span>ADDR_INET<=
/span> (Unix.inet_addr_any, port) in
  let _server =3D
    Lwt_io.establish_server_with_cli=
ent_address addr handle_client
    |> M_lwt.await_lwt
  in

  M_lwt.await_lwt lwt_fut (* never returns *)

let () =3D
  let port =3D ref 1234 in
  let j =3D ref 8 i=
n
  let opts =3D
    [
      "-j", Arg.Set_int j, " thread pool size";
      "-p", Arg.Set_int port, " port";
    ]
    |> Arg.align
  in
  Arg.parse opts ignore "echo server";

  let@ tpool =3D Moon=
pool.Ws_pool.with_ ~num_threads:!j () in
  M_lwt.lwt_main @@ f=
un _ -> main ~port:!p=
ort ~tpool ()

    

    


    
Note how the computation is done by starting a task in the tpool argument (a moonpool Runner.t provided to the main, by defa=
ult a work stealing pool of 8 threads that can be set via -j <numb=
er of threads>) and then await-ed from the lwt handl=
er. While the computation is running, the lwt client handler is suspended a=
nd doesn=E2=80=99t prevent other clients from making progress.

    


    
To test this one, use nc localhost 1234 and write (small) inte=
gers to get fib(n) computed. To see it work in parallel, open =
top or htop and run:

    


    for i in `seq 1 200`; do nc localhost 1234 <<< '35' &  done

    

    

    

    

    

    

    First release candidate for OCaml 5.4.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-release-candidate-f=
or-ocaml-5-4-0/17338/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
The release of OCaml 5.4.0 is imminent.

    


    
As a final step, we are publishing a release candidate to check that everyt=
hing is in order before the release in the upcoming week.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on the OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
Compared to the second beta, this release candidate only contains a fix in =
the TSAN mode, and one metadata fix in the changelog itself. The full chang=
e log for OCaml 5.4.0 is available on GitHub.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.

    

    

    

    Installation instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    
opam update
opam switch create 5.4.0~rc1

    


    
The source code for the release candidate is also directly available on:

    



    

    

    

    Fine-tuned compiler configuration
    

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    


    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.4.0~rc1+options <=
;option_list>

    


    
where <option_list> is a space-separated list of o=
caml-option-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and=
 no-flat-float-array switch:

    


    opam switch create 5.4.0~rc1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.4.0~rc1+options =
ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    



    
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Announcing the OCaml Zulip at ocaml.zulipchat.com
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/announcing-the-=
ocaml-zulip-at-ocaml-zulipchat-com/17339/1

    

    

    

    ancolie announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml community,

    


    
There has been a recent renewed interest in maintaining an open, organized =
and synchronous communication channel, and the OCaml Zulip has been revived=
. It is freely readable without an account at ocaml.zulipchat.org, and can be accessed through various mea=
ns of authentication, including Github accounts.

    


    
On Zulip, we have full access to our data at all time, and should the compa=
ny change its policy, the data can be retrieved and the current version of =
Zulip server is self-hostable. In the meantime, we have been graciously off=
ered sponsorship as an open community and can enjoy all features of the pla=
tform for free, and we thank Zulip for that.

    


    
The platform can be accessed either on the web (one tab per server), or on =
the desktop and mobile client, which allow for managing multiple organizati=
ons.

    


    
Talking about multiple organizations, there are already many OCaml, program=
ming languages and verification related Zulip servers, such as Rocq, Types, Why3, Catala, Bytecode alliance, Owi or Aeneas=
. Check-out the full list of open to the public communities for more.

    


    
Finally, we would like to emphasize that any governance team or project is =
welcome to host their discussions on the Zulip, where a channel can be crea=
ted and admin rights granted.

    


    
Cheers!

    


    
PS: For anyone already on the Zulip, as part of this effort, the URL was mi=
grated from caml.zulipchat.org to ocaml.zulipchat.org and you may have to remove the server and login again.

    

    

    

    

    

    An impressive macrobenchmark for eio
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an-impressive-macrobenchmark=
-for-eio/17344/1

    

    

    

    conroj said
    

    

    
While wandering around the web I came across a link to a slide deck by our own @ka=
yceesrk. On slide #35 is a macrobenchmark showing an EIO-based network serv=
er, and its throughput is pretty favorable compared to the Rust implementat=
ion=E2=80=99s.

    


    
Taking this at face value, it seems like quite an achievement - not only be=
cause GC is (supposedly) a handicap for OCaml, but also because this seems =
like a major improvement over a similar benchmark from 2022. I couldn=E2=80=99t find links to deeper discussion of these r=
esults, so I thought I would ask some of the obvious follow-up questions:

    


      

    • Is OCaml=E2=80=99s tail latency on par with Rust=E2=80=99s in these sce=
narios?
      • 

    • Are both the =E2=80=9COCaml eio=E2=80=9D and =E2=80=9CRust Hyper=E2=80=
=9D results using similar kernel capabilities, e.g. io_uring? =
(The slide seems to suggest so, but just confirming.)
      • 

    • Do these results generalize to different levels of concurrency, request=
/response sizes, etc?
      • 

    


    
Either way, kudos for raising OCaml=E2=80=99s profile as a platform for sca=
lable computing!

    

    

    

    

    Anil Madhavapeddy replied
    

    

    
They both used io_uring, yes. The OCaml bindings are at https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/=
ocaml-uring ; but note that there are several levels of io_uring usage =
possible depending on your tolerance for ranges of Linux kernel support (I=
=E2=80=99m just adding zero-copy transmit support at the moment for a proje=
ct involving a petabyte of data).

    


    
OCaml=E2=80=99s tail latency will be worse than Rust=E2=80=99s due to havin=
g a GC, but not terribly so. As for generalization, those tests were run on=
 a pre-5.0 version of OCaml, so the whole test suite would have to be rebas=
ed against the released versions. A good and useful exercise if someone wou=
ld like to have a go at it!

    

    

    

    

    Thomas Leonard also replied
    

    

    
I think the benchmarks are from https://github.com/ocaml-multicore/retro-httpaf-benc=
h

    


    
I don=E2=80=99t think the Rust ones are using uring, but I=E2=80=99m not su=
re. I suspect that all the non-OCaml ones could do with a fan of that langu=
age optimising them a bit.

    


    
In my experience, whether the Rust or Eio version gets better throughput de=
pends on e.g. the number of connections, and tail latency was always better=
 with Rust.

    


    
But the basic result is that OCaml is competitive with Rust here.

    

    

    

    

    

    nim-ocaml
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-nim-ocaml/17346/1

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
I read a paper maybe not this one, but it seems it talks about the same thi=
ng
https://arxiv.org/html/2506=
.04657v1.
At the beginning I thought it's about the new programming language, but the=
n chatgpt explained me that in fact it's a small game with stones. We put a=
 given number of stones in the middle, and each player can take 1, 2 or 3 s=
tones from the stack. There are two variants of the game, the one that only=
 has one stone in front of him at the end wins or not.

    


    
So I tryed to make a nim-ocaml to play against its Rando=
m.state, here below:

    

    

    let () =3D
  Random.self_init () ;
  let n =3D 13 + (Ran=
dom.int 23) in
  let _n =3D ref n =
in
  let run =3D ref true in
  while !run do
    Printf.printf "%d\n" !_n;
    if !_n <=3D 1 then run :=3D fal=
se ;
    let line =3D read_line () in
    begin
      try
        let d =3D int_of_string line in
        _n :=3D !_n - d ;
      with _ ->
        Printf.printf "please input an integer number\n%!";
    end;
    let b =3D Random.=
int 2 + Random.int 3 in
    Printf.printf "b played: %d\n" b;
    _n :=3D !_n - b ;
  done;
  Printf.printf "done!\n" ;

    

    

    $ \ocaml nim.ml=20

    

    
Or later:

    

    $ wget http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/nim/nim.ml

    

    $ \ocaml nim.ml
23
3
b played: 3
17
7
b played: 0
10
3
b played: 2
5
2
b played: 2
1
0
b played: 0
done!

    

    
Another version to play against your collegue at the pause:

    

    $ wget http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/nim/.gil/nim.ml.0

    

    

    

    

    

    Call for Contributions: BOB 2026 (Berlin, March 13 - Deadline =
Nov 17)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/c=
all-for-contributions-bob-2026-berlin-march-13-deadline-nov-17/17348/1

    

    

    

    Michael Sperber announced
    

    

    
OCaml contributions are spot-on for BOB - send us some!

    


    
BOB Conference 2026 - Call for Contributions

    

    

    

    =E2=80=9CWhat happens when we use what=E2=80=99s best=
 for a change?=E2=80=9D
    

    


    

    

    

    Looking for Speakers
    

    

    
You are actively engaged in advanced software engineering methods,
solve ambitious problem with software and are open to cutting-edge
innovation? Attend this conference, meet people that share your goals,
and get to know the best software tools and technologies available
today. We strive to offer a day full of new experiences and
impressions that you can use to immediately improve your daily life as
a software developer.

    


    
If you share our vision and want to contribute, submit a proposal for
a talk or tutorial!

    


    
NOTE: The conference fee will be waived for presenters. Travel
expenses will not be covered (for exceptions see =E2=80=9CSpeaker Grants=E2=
=80=9D).

    

    

    

    

    Topics
    

    

    
We are looking for talks about best-of-breed software technology, e.g.:

    


      

    • functional programming
      • 

    • persistent data structures and databases
      • 

    • event-based modelling and architecture
      • 

    • =E2=80=9Cfancy types=E2=80=9D (dependent types, gradual typing, linear =
types, =E2=80=A6)
      • 

    • formal methods for correctness and robustness
      • 

    • abstractions for concurrency and parallelism
      • 

    • metaprogramming
      • 

    • probabilistic programming
      • 

    • math and programming
      • 

    • controlled side effects
      • 

    • program synthesis
      • 

    • AI beyond vibecoding and chatbots
      • 

    • linked data
      • 

    • symbolic AI
      • 

    • next-generation IDEs
      • 

    • effective abstractions for data analytics
      • 

    • =E2=80=A6 everything really that isn=E2=80=99t mainstream, but you thin=
k should be
      • 

    • =E2=80=A6 including rough ideas that are worth discussing.
      • 

    


    
Presenters should provide the audience with information that is practically=
 useful for software developers.

    

    

    

    

    Challenges
    

    

    
Furthermore, we seek contributions on successful approaches for solving har=
d problems, for example:

    


      

    • bias in machine-learning systems
      • 

    • digital transformation in difficult settings
      • 

    • accessibility
      • 

    • systems with critical reliability requirements
      • 

    • ecologically sustainable software development
      • 

    


    
We=E2=80=99re especially interested in experience reports.

    


    
Other topics are also relevant, e.g.:

    


      

    • introductory talks on technical background
      • 

    • overviews of a given field
      • 

    • demos and how-tos
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Requirements
    

    

    
We accept proposals for presentations of 45 minutes (40 minutes talk +
5 minutes questions), as well as 90 minute tutorials for
beginners. The language of presentation should be either English or
German.

    


    
Your proposal should include (in your presentation language of choice):

    


      

    • An abstract of max. 1500 characters.
      • 

    • A short bio/cv
      • 

    • Contact information (including at least email address)
      • 

    • A list of 3-5 concrete ideas of how your work can be applied in a devel=
oper=E2=80=99s daily life
      • 

    • additional material (websites, blogs, slides, videos of past presentati=
ons, =E2=80=A6)
      • 

    


    
Submit here

    

    

    

    

    Organisation
    

    

      

    • Direct questions to konferenz at bobkonf dot de
      • 

    • Proposal deadline: November 17, 2025
      • 

    • Notification: December 5, 2025
      • 

    • Program: December 12, 2025
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Shepherding
    

    

    
The program committee offers shepherding to all speakers. Shepherding
provides speakers assistance with preparing their
sessions. Specifically:

    


      

    • advice on structure and presentation
      • 

    • review of talk slides
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Speaker Grants
    

    

    
BOB has Speaker Grants available to support speakers from groups
under-represented in technology. We specifically seek women speakers,
speakers of color, and speakers who are not able to attend the
conference for financial reasons.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ocp-indent 1.9.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocp-indent-1-9-0/17349/1

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
Here at OCamlPro we=E2=80=99re happy to announce the (long awaited) release=
 of ocp-indent.1.9.0.

    


    
The full release notes are available here if you want the detailed version.

    


    
1.9.0 contains mostly bug fixes, better and more consistent indentation of =
fun _ -> and |>, compatibility with cmdline=
r.1.3.0 and above (it works with 2.0.0) and a new utility tool: ocp-i=
ndent-gen-rules for those of you who would like to try ocp-ind=
ent in a dune fmt like workflow.

    


    
This last bit is documented here.=
 This is a feature that some of us wanted internally at OCamlPro so we deci=
ded to ship it with the tool as an experiment. We=E2=80=99d really like to =
hear if this fits your ocp-indent usage so please don=E2=80=99t hesitate to=
 try it out and give us some feedback.

    


    
We=E2=80=99re also interested in hearing how you use ocp-indent in general =
and what you expect from it. Reach out if you have any request!

    


    
We=E2=80=99ve also updated the repo to fit the more recent development stan=
dards. We migrated the test suite to dune cram tests and re-enabled them in=
 opam.
Hopefully this should make contributing to ocp-indent a smoother experience!

    


    
Also be aware that we=E2=80=99ll do our best to maintain ocp-indent more ac=
tively from now on.

    


    
We=E2=80=99d like to thank our external contributors for this release: @dbu=
enzli, @nojb, @bcc32 and @Julow.

    


    
Happy indenting!

    

    

    

    

    

    Sketch.sh now supports OCaml 5.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-sketch-sh-now-supports=
-ocaml-5-3-0/17352/1

    

    

    

    Javier Ch=C3=A1varri announced
    

    

    
The interactive OCaml sketchbook sketch.sh has added support for OCaml 5.3.0.

    

    


    

    Existing sketches and forks
    

    

    
Previously existing sketches remain in their original compiler version, whi=
le newly created sketches will be on 5.3.0 by default. For now, the only wa=
y to "migrate" a sketch to a newer version of the compiler is by copying it=
s content and pasting it in a new sketch.

    


    
Forked sketches inherit the compiler version of the upstream sketch.

    

    

    

    

    Reporting features and issues
    

    

    
Please let us=
 know in case you have a feature request, or if you encounter any issue=
s or bugs. Also, don't hesitate to reach out via Reason Discord or Discuss DMs if you would like to contri=
bute or participate in the project in some way. There are a lot of opportun=
ities to do so, both on the frontend and backend sides.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OUPS meetup october 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetup-october-2025/17353/1

    

    

    

    ancolie announced
    

    

    
The next OUPS meetup will take place on Monday, 13th of October 2025=
. It will start at 6:30pm at the 4 place Jussieu in Paris. It=
 will be in the in the Esclangon building (amphi Astier).

    


    
Please, register on meetup  as soon as possible to let us know how ma=
ny pizza we should order.

    


    
For more details, you may check the OUPS=
=E2=80=99 website .

    


    
Moreover, we'd like to announce that the organizing team moved to the OCaml Zulip. Feel free to contact us=
 there if you'd like to suggest talks.

    


    
This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

    


    
What's the deal with modular implicits ? – Samuel Vivien

    


    

    
Modular implicits est une extension d'OCaml pr=C3=A9sent=C3=A9e en 2014 com=
me une solution =C3=A0 l'absence de type classe en OCaml. Cependant malgr=
=C3=A9 l'anciennet=C3=A9 de cette proposition cette fonctionnalit=C3=A9 n'e=
st toujours pas disponible dans OCaml. Nous ferons un tour d'horizon de mod=
ular implicits pour rappeler comment cette fonctionnalit=C3=A9 marche, ce q=
ui as d=C3=A9j=C3=A0 =C3=A9t=C3=A9 impl=C3=A9ment=C3=A9 dans le compilateur=
 mais aussi ce qu'il reste =C3=A0 faire ainsi que les probl=C3=A9matiques l=
i=C3=A9s au typage des implicites.

    

    


    
Flambda2: Abstractions without Cost – Guillaume Bury

    


    

    
Surprise.

    

    


    
After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the OCaml Software Foundation and later on we=E2=80=99ll mov=
e to a pub nearby as usual.

    

    

    

    

    

    New releases of Merlin (5.6) and OCaml-LSP (1.24.0)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-relea=
ses-of-merlin-5-6-and-ocaml-lsp-1-24-0/17354/1

    

    

    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
    

    

    
We are pleased to announce new releases of Merlin (5.6-504 and 5.6-503) and OCaml-LSP (1.24.0, fo=
r 5.4, and 1.23.1)!=20

    


    
This release of Merlin offers, firstly, support for OCaml 5.4<=
/code>. It improves support for OpenBSD (for merlin-reader), i=
mproves typing recovery in the handling of mutual recursion, and adds a new=
 feature to the protocol: locate-types. It works similarly to =
locate-type, except that it allows you to distinguish between =
several locatable types in an expression l=
ike this: (int, Foo.t) result enabling the location of: =
int, Foo.t and ('a, 'b) result. In additio=
n, the Vim client has been fixed for the use of project-wide-occurren=
ces.

    


    
The release of OCaml LSP also mainly concerns support for 5.4<=
/code> and several bug fixes.

    


    
As with every version upgrade, we are eager to hear user feedback. T=
ry out these new releases on your 5.4 switches and don't hesit=
ate to report any issues you encounter (Merlin, OCaml LSP)!

    

    

    

    Merlin Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Merlin 5.6-504 (& 5.6-5=
03)
      

      

        

      • merlin binary

          

        • Add locate-types command (#1951)
          • 

        • 

      • merlin library

          

        • Fix merlin_reader for OpenBSD (#1956)
          • 

        • Improve recovery of mutually recursive definitions (#1962, #1963, fixes=
 #1953)
          • 

        • Support for OCaml 5.4 (#1974) (only for 5.6-504)
          • 

        • 

      • vim plugin

          

        • Fix error when :MerlinOccurrencesProjectWide fails to gath=
er code previews (#1970)
          • 

        • 

      • test suite

          

        • Add more short-paths tests cases (#1904)
          • 

        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    OCaml LSP Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • 1.24.0 & 1.23.1<=
br />

      

        

      • features

          

        • Support for OCaml 5.4 (#1559)
          • 

        • 

      • fixes

          

        • Fix hover on method calls not showing the type. (#1553, fixes #1552)

        • Fix error on opening .mll files (#1557)
          • 

        • Ensure compatibility with both yojson 2.0 and 3.0. (#1534)
          • 

        • 

      



      
Happy Hacking!
The Merlin Team :man_mage: :two_hump_camel:

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 07 to 14,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

opam-publish 2.7.0
OCaml.org: Introducing Backstage OCaml - Separate Feeds for Stable and Expe=
rimental Features
LexiFi at FUN OCaml 2025
Introducing `oui'
OCaml 5.4.0 released
OCaml compiler office hours
tutorial about compiling ocaml-5 on a ChromBook with Crostini
dune-release-action: Automate your opam package releases with GitHub Actions
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


opam-publish 2.7.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  We are happy to announce the release of opam-publish 2.7.0 (and
  2.6.0), which together brought the ability to more easily publish your
  releases automatically, thanks to @filipeom:

  =E2=80=A2 A new `OPAM_PUBLISH_GH_TOKEN' environment variable and `--token'
    argument are now available to pass the GitHub token

  =E2=80=A2 SSH keys aren't used to push the branch to the user's fork
    anymore. Instead the token we already require is used.

  =E2=80=A2 If undefined, the git config variables `user.name' and `user.em=
ail'
    are automatically filled with the github username and
    username@opam-publish as a backup

  An example of the new automated setup can be found in [this CI job].

  Other minor changes include:

  =E2=80=A2 The addition of a message after the PR is open, to notify users=
 that
    they can re-run opam-publish to update the PR. *Thanks to
    @punchagan*

  =E2=80=A2 The switch from `lwt_ssl' to `tls-lwt' which avoid one dependen=
cy
    and avoid depending on the system libssl

  Happy publishing!

  <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[this CI job]



OCaml.org: Introducing Backstage OCaml - Separate Feeds for Stable and Expe=
rimental Features
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're pleased to announce that OCaml.org now has dedicated RSS feeds
  and pages for stable and experimental announcements, introduced in [PR
  #3278]!

  *What's new:*

  =E2=80=A2 *OCaml Changelog* at [ocaml.org/changelog] =E2=80=94 Official s=
table release
     announcements and updates from the OCaml compiler, OCaml
     infrastructure, and the OCaml Platform Tools

  =E2=80=A2 *Backstage OCaml* at [ocaml.org/backstage] =E2=80=94 Updates on=
 experimental
     releases, work-in-progress, and opportunities to contribute to the
     development of the OCaml Platform and its infrastructure

  This separation helps keep the main changelog focused on
  production-ready releases while providing a dedicated space for those
  interested in experimental work, early testing, and contributing to
  OCaml's development.

  Both pages have their own RSS feeds, so you can subscribe to whichever
  matches your needs=E2=80=94or both!

  We welcome your feedback as we continue improving OCaml.org.


[PR #3278] 

[ocaml.org/changelog] 

[ocaml.org/backstage] 


LexiFi at FUN OCaml 2025
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Nicolas Ojeda Bar announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear OCaml enthusiasts,

  LexiFi participated in this year's [FUN OCaml] that took place in
  Warsaw this past September 15 and 16. The event was a great success,
  thanks to the efforts of the organizers and the other
  participants. Hopefully the event will continue to take place and
  develop in the future.

  LexiFi both sponsored and contributed (two) presentations to the
  event: a 30-minute retrospective on 25 years of using OCaml at LexiFi,
  and a 2-hour workshop on implementing a toy version of our
  type-reflection extension to the compiler.

  If you are interested, we wrote a short blog post
   where you will
  find the slides and the video for the 30-minute presentation, as well
  as the code and the slides for the 2-hour workshop (the video
  recording for this part is not yet available).

  Enjoy!

  Best wishes, Nicolas


[FUN OCaml] 


Introducing `oui'
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  At [OCamlPro] we're happy to announce our new ongoing project funded
  by the [CEA-List]: ocaml-universal-installer or `oui'!

  `oui''s goal is to help teams developping applications in OCaml to
  package them for their users outside the OCaml World by building
  binary installers for all major platforms: Linux, Windows and macOS.

  `oui' builds standalone installers: you just need to download and run
  the file. No need to install OCaml, Opam and to compile anything on
  the target system anymore.

  The tool will be used to package and distribute [Frama-C] and its
  plugins to non opam users.

  It is still in development but we'd like to present it to the
  community with the hope that it will prove helpful to you as well.


[OCamlPro] 

[CEA-List] 

[Frama-C] 

How it works
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  You take care of building your application and provide `oui' the list
  of your binaries and extra files you'd like installed alongside them
  and it will assemble an installer from those.

  It uses different tools and build different types of installers for
  all three main platfoms:
  =E2=80=A2 on Linux, we build self extracting archives using [makeself].
  =E2=80=A2 on Windows, we build MSI using the [Wix6 toolset]
  =E2=80=A2 on macOS, we build regular OSX installers using
    `pkgbuild~/~productbuild'

  We started `oui' on top of an older but very similar project:
  `opam-wix'. `opam-wix' was an opam plugin used to build a Windows MSI
  from a locally installed opam package. This feature, though not the
  core focus of the early development, is still available via `opam-oui'
  and will be extended with the ability to build installers for the
  other supported platforms.


[makeself] 

[Wix6 toolset] 


A tool for the community
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Though it is initially developped for Frama-C's distribution, both the
  CEA-List and ourselves at OCamlPro would like to make `oui' a
  community tool that can help open source OCaml developpers ship their
  applications easily.

  The goal of this early announcement is to gather data and feedback on
  other use cases for binary installers across the OCaml Ecosystem to
  help us shape `oui' into the right tool from the start.

  This is an ongoing project, if you'd like to follow the development,
  it is publicly hosted [here].


[here] 


OCaml 5.4.0 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We have the pleasure of celebrating the birthdays of Camille
  Saint-Sa=C3=ABns and Karl Schwarzschild by announcing the release of OCaml
  version 5.4.0.

  Some of the highlights of OCaml 5.4.0 are:


Labelled tuples
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  It is now possible to add labels on tuple fields

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let ( * ) (x,~dx) (y, ~dy) =3D
  =E2=94=82   x*.y, ~dx:(x *. dy +. y *. dx )
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Those labeled tuples are equivalent to SML records: they are an
  ordered and structurally-typed variants of records. In particular this
  implies that partial pattern matching on tuples is only possible for
  labelled tuples with a known type:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type t =3D float * dx:float
  =E2=94=82 let v (x_and_dx:t) =3D let (x,..) =3D x_and_dx in x
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Those types are mostly intended for local types where previous code
  was using tuples.


Array literal syntax support for immutable arrays and ~floatarray~s
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  The array literal syntax is now shared by array-like primitive types,
  like `'a array', `floatarray' and immutable array `iarray'. For
  instance, this code

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let x =3D Float.Array.of_list [0.;1.;2.]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  can now be written

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let x : floatarray =3D [|0.; 1.; 2.|]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This also supported in patterns

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let one =3D match x with
  =E2=94=82   | [|_;y;_|] -> Some y
  =E2=94=82   | _ -> None
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  However array indexing still needs to go through user-defined indexing
  operators

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let (.$()) =3D Float.Array.get
  =E2=94=82 let (.$()<-) =3D Float.Array.set
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D x.$(0) <- x.$(1)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Immutable arrays
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Along with shared array literals, OCaml 5.4 adds support for immutable
  arrays.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let v: int iarray =3D [| 0; 1; 2 |]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Immutable arrays are covariant in the type of their elements, it is
  thus possible to coerce immutable arrays with no costs at runtime:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let i1: _ iarray =3D [|object method m =3D 0 end|]
  =E2=94=82 let i2 =3D ( i1 :> < > iarray)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Atomic record fields
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

    It is now possible to mark a field of a record as atomic. Atomic
  operations on those fields require to use the new `Atomic.Loc'
  submodule after accessing the location with the `[%atomic.loc ...]'
  builtin extension. For instance,

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type 'a mpsc_list =3D { mutable head:'a list; mutable tail: 'a =
list [@atomic] }
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let rec push t x =3D
  =E2=94=82   let before =3D Atomic.Loc.get [%atomic.loc t.tail] in
  =E2=94=82   let after =3D x :: before in
  =E2=94=82   if not (Atomic.Loc.compare_and_set [%atomic.loc t.tail] befor=
e after) then
  =E2=94=82     push t x
  =E2=94=82   ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Moreover, it is forbidden to pattern match on atomic fields:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let f { head; tail } =3D tail
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Error: Atomic fields (here tail) are forbidden in patterns,
  =E2=94=82        as it is difficult to reason about when the atomic read
  =E2=94=82        will happen during pattern matching: the field may be re=
ad
  =E2=94=82        zero, one or several times depending on the patterns aro=
und it.
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  in order to make all reads on those atomic fields explicit.


Four new standard library modules: Pair, Pqueue, Repr, and Iarray
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The standard library has been extended with four new modules:

  =E2=80=A2 Pair: functions for working on pairs

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let ones =3D Pair.map_fst succ (0,1)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=80=A2 Pqueue: priority queues, generic or not

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module Int_pqueue =3D Pqueue.MakeMin(Int)
  =E2=94=82 let q =3D Int_pqueue.of_list [4;0;5;7]
  =E2=94=82 let some_zero =3D Int_pqueue.pop_min q
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=80=A2 Repr: physical and structural equality, comparison function, mo=
re
    generically all functions dependent on the memory representation of
    values.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let f =3D Repr.phys_equal (ref 0) (ref 0)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=80=A2 Iarray: functions on immutable arrays

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let a =3D Iarray.init 10 Fun.id
  =E2=94=82 let b =3D Iarray.map succ a
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Restored "memory cleanup upon exit" mode
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  This mode allows to restart many time the OCaml runtime in C-driven
  programs that interact with OCaml libraries. It is also useful to
  reduce noise when tracking memory leaks in C code running the OCaml
  runtime. To get around cancellation issues, the restored mode
  currently assumes that all domains are joined before exiting the OCaml
  runtime.


A new section in the reference manual on profiling OCaml programs on Linux =
and macOS
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

  A new section in the [reference manual] explains how to use OS
  specific profiling tools to profile native OCaml programs.


[reference manual] 


A lot of incremental changes:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Many runtime and code generation improvements
  =E2=80=A2 More than thirty new standard library functions
  =E2=80=A2 Nearly a dozen improved error messages
  =E2=80=A2 Around fifty bug fixes

  Please report any unexpected behaviours on the [OCaml issue tracker]
  and post any questions or comments you might have on our [discussion
  forums].

  The full list of changes can be found in the full changelog. /Editor
  note: please follow the archive link above for the installation
  instructions and the full changelog/

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.


[OCaml issue tracker] 

[discussion forums] 


OCaml compiler office hours
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The meeting went well =E2=80=93 see the [collaborative pad] for notes.

  I propose to have another meeting about a month from now:

  on *November 7th* at *15:30=E2=80=9317:00* UTC

  (I picked a different time slot from the current one, that also looks
  reasonable given previous poll results. If extra people would like to
  join, please feel free to participate to the time-slot poll in [the
  first post] so that I can tell when are good meeting times.)

  @giltho thanks for noticing the language issue on the online-meeting
  service I proposed; this is a new issue that looks like it comes from
  a version upgrade, it of course had a fine English interface when I
  adopted the service. Let's keep jitsi.meet for now.


[collaborative pad] 

[the first post]



tutorial about compiling ocaml-5 on a ChromBook with Crostini
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Florent Monnier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello dear list, I wrote another mini-tutorial to explain how to
  compile ocaml-5 on a chromebook with crostini:
  [http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/tut/tut-ocaml-5/tut-ocaml-5.html]
  The trick to compile ocaml-5 in this environement was the same than to
  compile ocaml-4 in the same environement because `ln -s' doesn't seem
  to produce the expected result.  At the beginning I edited the
  `Makefile' to replace the `ln -s' commands by `cp' commands, but an
  easier way is to use the `make' feature that permits you to change the
  value of one of the variable from the command line which invokes
  `make', like this `make LN=3Dcp'.

  With this trick everything was producing the expected `ocaml' `tools'
  with ocaml-4, but with ocaml-5, I have only been able to get
  `ocamlnat' and `ocamlopt' tools (which is enough.)

  `ocamlopt' was installed as expected by the `make install' command,
  but `ocamlnat' had to be copied by hand.

  If the command `ocaml' produces an error (`cannot execute'), in
  scripts I can still replace:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 #!/usr/bin/env ocaml
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  by:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 #!/usr/bin/env ocamlnat
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  By defining the same environement variables than `opam' I can get two
  different ocaml version usable at the same time, one 4 version, and a
  5 version, next to each other at the same time, without using `opam'
  because `opam' grew up a lot, and in crostini environement we quickly
  lack of space.

  PS: If someone want to help finding how to get the `ocaml' and
  `ocamlc' commands functioning, the help will be wellcome, and I will
  update this mini-tutorial.


[http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/tut/tut-ocaml-5/tut-ocaml-5.html]



dune-release-action: Automate your opam package releases with GitHub Actions
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


David Sancho announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone =F0=9F=91=8B

  I'm excited to share a new GitHub Action I've been working on:
  *dune-release-action*

  If you maintain OCaml packages, you know the drill: every release
  involves a ritual of commands and manual steps. You need to:

  1. Ensure your CHANGES.md is properly formatted
  2. Tag your release
  3. Run `dune-release' `lint + distrib + submit'
  4. Create a GitHub release with the correct changelog section
  5. Check the opam-repository's PR
  6. Oh shit, github token is expired
  7. Create new token without expiration (??)
  8. Retry

  For me, was following this guide
  
  by @anmonteiro, but it typically took around an hour per release.


dune-release-action
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `dune-release-action' automates the entire release workflow in GitHub
  Actions. Push a git tag, and the action runs dune-release for you
  with:

  =E2=80=A2 Handles all the `dune-release' orchestration
  =E2=80=A2 Validates your changelog format (right tag exists, etc)
  =E2=80=A2 Creates a GitHub release with proper description (from your
    changelog section (!!))
  =E2=80=A2 Submits a PR to opam-repository

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 name: Release
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 on:
  =E2=94=82   push:
  =E2=94=82     tags:
  =E2=94=82       - '*'
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 permissions:
  =E2=94=82   contents: write
  =E2=94=82   pull-requests: write
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 jobs:
  =E2=94=82   release:
  =E2=94=82     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
  =E2=94=82     steps:
  =E2=94=82       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
  =E2=94=82         with:
  =E2=94=82           fetch-depth: 0
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82       - uses: ocaml/setup-ocaml@v3
  =E2=94=82         with:
  =E2=94=82           ocaml-compiler: 5.3.0
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82       - run: opam install dune-release -y
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82       - uses: davesnx/dune-release-action@v1
  =E2=94=82         with:
  =E2=94=82           package-name: 'your-package'
  =E2=94=82           github-token: ${{ secrets.GH_TOKEN }}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is very much a one-day half vibe-coded project and it's hard to
  test in many use cases, I'm sure there are edge cases and workflows I
  haven't considered.

  =E2=80=A2 *Repository*: 
  =E2=80=A2 *Documentation*:
     

  Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5.4 Release: New Features, Fixes, and More!]
  =E2=80=A2 [Docker base image build rate]
  =E2=80=A2 [LexiFi at FUN OCaml 2025]
  =E2=80=A2 [Upcoming OCaml Events]
  =E2=80=A2 [Updating OCaml CI systems to FreeBSD 14.3]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[OCaml 5.4 Release: New Features, Fixes, and More!]


[Docker base image build rate]


[LexiFi at FUN OCaml 2025]


[Upcoming OCaml Events] 

[Updating OCaml CI systems to FreeBSD 14.3]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 07 to 14, 202=
5.

    



    

    opam-publish 2.7.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-publish-2-7-0/17358/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy to announce the release of opam-publish 2.7.0 (and 2.6.0), whi=
ch together brought the ability to more easily publish your releases automa=
tically, thanks to @filipeom:

    


      

    • A new OPAM_PUBLISH_GH_TOKEN environment variable and --token argument are now available to pass the GitHub token
      • 


    • SSH keys aren't used to push the branch to the user's fork anymore. Ins=
tead the token we already require is used.
      • 


    • If undefined, the git config variables user.name and user.email are automatically filled with the github username and us=
ername@opam-publish as a backup
      • 

    


    
An example of the new automated setup can be found in t=
his CI job.

    


    
Other minor changes include:

    


      

    • The addition of a message after the PR is open, to notify users that th=
ey can re-run opam-publish to update the PR. Thanks to @punchagan


    • The switch from lwt_ssl to tls-lwt which avoi=
d one dependency and avoid depending on the system libssl
      • 

    


    
Happy publishing!

    


    
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml.org: Introducing Backstage OCaml - Separate Feeds for St=
able and Experimental Features
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-org-introducing-backstage-ocaml-separate-fee=
ds-for-stable-and-experimental-features/17359/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
We're pleased to announce that OCaml.org now has dedicated RSS feeds and pa=
ges for stable and experimental announcements, introduced in PR #3278!

    


    
What's new:

    


      

    • OCaml Changelog at ocaml=
.org/changelog =E2=80=94 Official stable release announcements and upda=
tes from the OCaml compiler, OCaml infrastructure, and the OCaml Platform T=
ools
      • 


    • Backstage OCaml at ocaml=
.org/backstage =E2=80=94 Updates on experimental releases, work-in-prog=
ress, and opportunities to contribute to the development of the OCaml Platf=
orm and its infrastructure
      • 

    


    
This separation helps keep the main changelog focused on production-ready r=
eleases while providing a dedicated space for those interested in experimen=
tal work, early testing, and contributing to OCaml's development.

    


    
Both pages have their own RSS feeds, so you can subscribe to whichever matc=
hes your needs=E2=80=94or both!

    


    
We welcome your feedback as we continue improving OCaml.org.

    

    

    

    

    

    LexiFi at FUN OCaml 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/lexifi-at-fun-ocaml-2025/17363/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Ojeda Bar announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml enthusiasts,

    


    
LexiFi participated in this year's FUN OC=
aml that took place in Warsaw this past September 15 and 16. The event =
was a great success, thanks to the efforts of the organizers and the other =
participants. Hopefully the event will continue to take place and develop i=
n the future.

    


    
LexiFi both sponsored and contributed (two) presentations to the event: a 3=
0-minute retrospective on 25 years of using OCaml at LexiFi, and a 2-hour w=
orkshop on implementing a toy version of our type-reflection extension to t=
he compiler.

    


    
If you are interested, we wrote a short blog post https://www.lexifi.com/blog/ocaml/fun-=
ocaml-2025/ where you will find the slides and the video for the 30-min=
ute presentation, as well as the code and the slides for the 2-hour worksho=
p (the video recording for this part is not yet available).

    


    
Enjoy!

    


    
Best wishes,
Nicolas

    

    

    

    

    

    Introducing oui
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/introducing-oui/17364/1

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
At OCamlPro we're happy to announce o=
ur new ongoing project funded by the CE=
A-List: ocaml-universal-installer or oui!

    


    
oui's goal is to help teams developping applications in OCaml =
to package them for their users outside the OCaml World by building binary =
installers for all major platforms: Linux, Windows and macOS.

    


    
oui builds standalone installers: you just need to download an=
d run the file. No need to install OCaml, Opam and to compile anything on t=
he target system anymore.

    


    
The tool will be used to package and distribute Frama-C and its plugins to non opam users.

    


    
It is still in development but we'd like to present it to the community wit=
h the hope that it will prove helpful to you as well.

    

    

    

    How it works
    

    

    
You take care of building your application and provide oui the=
 list of your binaries and extra files you'd like installed alongside them =
and it will assemble an installer from those.

    


    
It uses different tools and build different types of installers for all thr=
ee main platfoms:

    

      

    • on Linux, we build self extracting archives using makeself.
      • 

    • on Windows, we build MSI using the =
Wix6 toolset
      • 

    • on macOS, we build regular OSX installers using pkgbuild~/~produc=
tbuild
      • 

    


    
We started oui on top of an older but very similar project: opam-wix. opam-wix was an opam plugin used to build=
 a Windows MSI from a locally installed opam package. This feature, though =
not the core focus of the early development, is still available via o=
pam-oui and will be extended with the ability to build installers fo=
r the other supported platforms.

    

    

    

    

    A tool for the community
    

    

    
Though it is initially developped for Frama-C's distribution, both the CEA-=
List and ourselves at OCamlPro would like to make oui a commun=
ity tool that can help open source OCaml developpers ship their application=
s easily.

    


    
The goal of this early announcement is to gather data and feedback on other=
 use cases for binary installers across the OCaml Ecosystem to help us shap=
e oui into the right tool from the start.

    


    
This is an ongoing project, if you'd like to follow the development, it is =
publicly hosted here.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml 5.4.0 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-4-0-released/17365/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
We have the pleasure of celebrating the birthdays of Camille Saint-Sa=C3=AB=
ns and
Karl Schwarzschild by announcing the release of OCaml version 5.4.0.

    


    
Some of the highlights of OCaml 5.4.0 are:

    

    

    

    Labelled tuples
    

    

    
It is now possible to add labels on tuple fields

    


    

    let ( * ) (x,~dx) (y, ~dy) =3D
  x*.y, ~dx:(x *. dy +. y *. dx )

    

    


    
Those labeled tuples are equivalent to SML records: they are an ordered and
structurally-typed variants of records. In particular this implies that
partial pattern matching on tuples is only possible for labelled tuples wit=
h a
known type:

    


    

    type t =3D float *=
 dx:float
let v (x_and_dx:t) =3D let (x,..) =3D x_and_dx in<=
/span> x

    

    


    
Those types are mostly intended for local types where previous code was usi=
ng tuples.

    

    

    

    

    Array literal syntax support for immutable arrays and=
 ~floatarray~s
    

    

    
The array literal syntax is now shared by array-like primitive types, like =
'a
array, floatarray and immutable array iarray. For instance, this code

    


    

    let x =3D Float.Array.of_list [0.;1.;2.]

    

    


    
can now be written

    


    

    let x : floatarray =3D [|0.; 1.; 2.|]

    

    


    
This also supported in patterns

    


    

    let one =3D match x wi=
th
  | [|_;y;_|] -> Some y
  | _ -> None

    

    


    
However array indexing still needs to go through user-defined indexing oper=
ators

    


    

    let (.$()) =3D Float.Array.get
let (.$()<-) =3D F=
loat.Array.set
let () =3D x.$(0) <- x.$(1)

    

    

    

    

    

    Immutable arrays
    

    

    
Along with shared array literals, OCaml 5.4 adds support for immutable arra=
ys.

    


    

    let v: int iarray =3D [| 0; 1; 2 |]

    

    


    
Immutable arrays are covariant in the type of their elements, it is thus po=
ssible to coerce
immutable arrays with no costs at runtime:

    


    

    let i1: _ iarray =3D [|object method m =3D 0 end|]
let i2 =3D ( i1 :> < > iarray)

    

    

    

    

    

    Atomic record fields
    

    

    
  It is now possible to mark a field of a record as atomic. Atomic operatio=
ns on
those fields require to use the new Atomic.Loc submodule after=
 accessing the
location with the [%atomic.loc ...] builtin extension. For ins=
tance,

    


    

    type 'a mpsc_list =
=3D { mutable head:'a list; mutable tail: 'a list [@atomic] }

let rec push t x =3D
  let before =3D Atom=
ic.Loc.get ] in<=
/span>
  let after =3D x ::<=
/span> before in
  if not (Atomic.Loc.compare_and_=
set [%atomic.loc=
 t.tail]<=
/span> before after) then
    push t x
  ...

    

    

    
Moreover, it is forbidden to pattern match on atomic fields:

    


    

    let f { head; tail } =3D tail

    

    


    Error: Atomic fields (here tail) are forbidden in patterns,
       as it is difficult to reason about when the atomic read
       will happen during pattern matching: the field may be read
       zero, one or several times depending on the patterns around it.

    


    
in order to make all reads on those atomic fields explicit.

    

    

    

    

    Four new standard library modules: Pair, Pqueue, Repr=
, and Iarray
    

    

    
The standard library has been extended with four new modules:

    


      

    • Pair: functions for working on pairs
      • 

    


    

    let ones =3D Pair.map_fst succ (0,1)

    

    


      

    • Pqueue: priority queues, generic or not
      • 

    


    

    module Int_pqueue =
=3D Pqueue.MakeMin(Int)
let q =3D Int_pqueu=
e.of_list [4;0;5;7]
let some_zero =3D I=
nt_pqueue.pop_min q

    

    


      

    • Repr: physical and structural equality, comparison function,
more generically all functions dependent on the memory representation
of values.
      • 

    


    

    let f =3D Repr.phys_equal (ref 0) (ref 0)

    

    


      

    • Iarray: functions on immutable arrays
      • 

    


    

    let a =3D Iarray.init 10 Fun.id
let b =3D Iarray.map succ a

    

    

    

    

    

    Restored "memory cleanup upon exit" mode
    

    

    
This mode allows to restart many time the OCaml runtime in C-driven programs
that interact with OCaml libraries. It is also useful to reduce noise when
tracking memory leaks in C code running the OCaml runtime. To get around
cancellation issues, the restored mode currently assumes that all domains a=
re
joined before exiting the OCaml runtime.

    

    

    

    

    A new section in the reference manual on profiling OC=
aml programs on Linux and macOS
    

    

    
A new section in the refer=
ence manual explains
how to use OS specific profiling tools to profile native OCaml programs.

    

    

    

    

    A lot of incremental changes:
    

    

      

    • Many runtime and code generation improvements
      • 

    • More than thirty new standard library functions
      • 

    • Nearly a dozen improved error messages
      • 

    • Around fifty bug fixes
      • 

    


    
Please report any unexpected behaviours on the OCaml issue
tracker and post any questions or
comments you might have on our discus=
sion forums.

    


    
The full list of changes can be found in the full changelog. Editor note=
: please follow the archive link above for the installation instructions an=
d the full changelog

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml compiler office hours
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-compiler-office-hours/17230/16=


    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, gasche announced
    

    

    
The meeting went well – see the collaborative pad for notes.

    


    
I propose to have another meeting about a month from now:

    


    
on November 7th
at 15:30–17:00 UTC

    


    
(I picked a different time slot from the current one, that also looks reaso=
nable given previous poll results. If extra people would like to join, plea=
se feel free to participate to the time-slot poll in the first post so t=
hat I can tell when are good meeting times.)

    


    
@giltho thanks for noticing the language issue on the online-meeting servic=
e I proposed; this is a new issue that looks like it comes from a version u=
pgrade, it of course had a fine English interface when I adopted the servic=
e. Let's keep jitsi.meet for now.

    

    

    

    

    

    tutorial about compiling ocaml-5 on a ChromBook with Crostini<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/ann-tutorial-about-compiling-ocaml-5-on-a-chrombook-with-crostini/17368/1<=
/a>

    

    

    

    Florent Monnier announced
    

    

    
Hello dear list,
I wrote another mini-tutorial to explain how to compile ocaml-5 on a chrome=
book with crostini:
http://decapode314.free.fr/ocaml2/tut/tut-ocaml-5/tut-ocaml-5.html
The trick to compile ocaml-5 in this environement was the same than to comp=
ile ocaml-4 in the same environement because ln -s doesn't see=
m to produce the expected result.
At the beginning I edited the Makefile to replace the ln=
 -s commands by cp commands, but an easier way is to us=
e the make feature that permits you to change the value of one=
 of the variable from the command line which invokes make, lik=
e this make LN=3Dcp.

    


    
With this trick everything was producing the expected ocaml tools with ocaml-4, but with ocaml-5, I have only been able to g=
et ocamlnat and ocamlopt tools (which is enough.)

    


    
ocamlopt was installed as expected by the make install command, but ocamlnat had to be copied by hand.

    


    
If the command ocaml produces an error (cannot execute), in scripts I can still replace:

    

    #!/usr/bin/env ocaml

    

    
by:

    

    #!/usr/bin/env ocamlnat

    

    
By defining the same environement variables than opam I can ge=
t two different ocaml version usable at the same time, one 4 version, and a=
 5 version, next to each other at the same time, without using opam because opam grew up a lot, and in crostini environement=
 we quickly lack of space.

    


    
PS: If someone want to help finding how to get the ocaml and <=
code>ocamlc commands functioning, the help will be wellcome, and I w=
ill update this mini-tutorial.

    

    

    

    

    

    dune-release-action: Automate your opam package releases with =
GitHub Actions
    

    

    
Archive: https://discu=
ss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-release-action-automate-your-opam-package-releases-=
with-github-actions/17380/1

    

    

    

    David Sancho announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone =F0=9F=91=8B

    


    
I'm excited to share a new GitHub Action I've been working on: dune-rele=
ase-action

    


    
If you maintain OCaml packages, you know the drill: every release involves =
a ritual of commands and manual steps. You need to:

    


      

    1. Ensure your CHANGES.md is properly formatted
      2. 

    2. Tag your release
      3. 

    3. Run dune-release lint + distrib + submit
      4. 

    4. Create a GitHub release with the correct changelog section
      5. 

    5. Check the opam-repository's PR
      6. 

    6. Oh shit, github token is expired
      7. 

    7. Create new token without expiration (??)
      8. 

    8. Retry
      9. 

    


    
For me, was following this guide https://gist.github.com/anmonteiro/ab=
d9275456888740758aa9f772d1992a by @anmonteiro, but it typically took ar=
ound an hour per release.

    

    

    

    dune-release-action
    

    

    
dune-release-action automates the entire release workflow in G=
itHub Actions. Push a git tag, and the action runs dune-release for you wit=
h:

    


      

    • Handles all the dune-release orchestration
      • 

    • Validates your changelog format (right tag exists, etc)
      • 

    • Creates a GitHub release with proper description (from your changelog s=
ection (!!))
      • 

    • Submits a PR to opam-repository
      • 

    


    

    name: Release

on:
  push:
    tags:
      - '*'

permissions:
  contents: write
  pull-requests: write

jobs:
  release:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          fetch-depth: 0

      - uses: ocaml/setup-ocaml@v3
        with:
          ocaml-compiler: 5.3.0

      - run: opam install dune-release -y

      - uses: davesnx/dune-release-action@v1
        with:
          package-name: 'your-package'
          github-token: ${{ secrets.GH_TOKEN }}

    

    


    
This is very much a one-day half vibe-coded project and it's hard to test i=
n many use cases, I'm sure there are edge cases and workflows I haven't con=
sidered.

    




    
Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!

    

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 21 Oct 2025 11:17:47 +0200
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 14 to 21, 202=
5.

    



    

    Backstage OCaml: ocaml.nvim - A Neovim Plugin for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-back=
stage-ocaml-ocaml-nvim-a-neovim-plugin-for-ocaml/17383/1

    

    

    

    Charl=C3=A8ne_Gros announced
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99re excited to announce ocaml.nvim, a new Neovim pl=
ugin actively being developed by Tarides that brings advanced OCaml develop=
ment features to Neovim users. Think of it as the Neovim sibling of ocaml-eglot, which we relea=
sed earlier this year for Emacs users.

    

    

    

    What is ocaml.nvim?
    

    

    
Modern code editors communicate with programming languages through the Lang=
uage Server Protocol (LSP), which provides essential features like syntax c=
hecking, code navigation, and auto-completion. However, OCaml=E2=80=99s lan=
guage server exposes powerful custom commands beyond what generic LSP clien=
ts can access.

    


    
ocaml.nvim works alongside generic Neovim LSP plugins like nvim-lspco=
nfig, providing direct access to advanced ocamllsp features without =
requiring complex editor-side logic. The plugin gives you access to all the=
 advanced Merlin commands not supported by generic LSP clients.

    

    

    

    

    Key Features
    

    

    
Typed Holes Navigation - Navigate between typed holes (_) and interactively substitute them with the Construct command.

    


    
Semantic Navigation - Move through your code semantically: jump betw=
een expressions, parent let bindings, modules, functions, and =
match expressions.

    


    
Phrase Navigation - Move between OCaml phrases (top-level definition=
s) in your buffer.

    


    
Many more features are in development, including alternating between =
.ml and .mli files, type enclosing, and pattern matchin=
g generation.

    

    

    

    

    Getting Started
    

    

    
Installation is straightforward with lazy.nvim:

    


    

    require("lazy").setup({
  { "tarides/ocaml.nvim",
    config =3D function()
      require("ocaml").setup()
    end
  }
})

    

    


    
The plugin complements your existing LSP setup=E2=80=94you=E2=80=99ll conti=
nue to use Neovim=E2=80=99s built-in LSP for standard features while ocaml.=
nvim adds OCaml-specific capabilities.

    

    

    

    

    Project Status
    

    

    
The ocaml.nvim repository is now public on GitHub, with comprehensive documentation, a feature t=
able, and screencast demonstrations. We=E2=80=99re working towards a stable=
 1.0 release and welcome feedback from the community.

    


    
Try out ocaml.nvim and let us know what you think! For questio=
ns or feedback, you can post an issue on the ocaml.nvim GitHub repository.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Ocaml notebooks in web browser
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-notebooks-in-web-browser/173=
85/1

    

    

    

    Davy announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone !

    


    
I=E2=80=99m currently learning Ocaml, and found no better way to learn than=
 working on a project :

    


    
I=E2=80=99m happy to announce xeus-ocaml, a new kernel to run Ocaml =
from Jupyterlite notebooks :partying_face:

    


    
I=E2=80=99m far from a professional developer, and very new to Ocaml, so do=
 not hesitate to try it with your workflow, report any new issues, ask for o=
ther external libraries (currently only stdlib and ocamlgraph), or contribu=
te to its development to make the code more robust and idiomatic.

    


    
Any feedback would be appreciated!

    

    

    

    

    

    Cure2 - combinator frontend for re2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cure2-combinator-fronte=
nd-for-re2/17410/1

    

    

    

    Emile Trotignon announced
    

    

    
Cure2 is a little library I=
 just made, that provide a combinator frontend to Re2.

    


    
With it, instead of "https?:\\/\\/(?:www\\.)?[-a-zA-Z0-9@:%._\\+~#=3D=
]{1,256}\\.[a-zA-Z0-9()]{1,6}\\b(?:[-a-zA-Z0-9()@:%_\\+.~#?&//=3D]*)",
you can write:

    


    

    let second_level_char =3D charset Charset.[Ascii.alnum; chars "-@:%._\\+~#=3D"] in
let top_level_chars =3D charset Charset.[Ascii.a=
lnum; chars "()"] in
let path_chars =3D charset Charset.[Ascii.alnum;=
 chars "()@:%_\\+.~#?&/=3D"] in
str "http" + !?(char 's') + str <=
span style=3D"color: #ca3400;">"://"
+ !?(str "www.") + rep ~min:1 ~max:256 second_level_char
+ char '.' + rep ~min:1 ~max:6 to=
p_level_chars
+ bow + rep path_chars

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 21 to 28,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

opam 2.5.0~alpha1
Release of Fmlib 0.6.0
MlFront 2.4.2.x
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


opam 2.5.0~alpha1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  We are happy to announce the first alpha release of opam 2.5.0.

  This version is an alpha, we invite users to test it to spot
  previously unnoticed bugs as we head towards the stable release.


What=E2=80=99s new? Some highlights:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 :high_speed_train: Speed up `opam update' up to 70%. Thanks to
    [@arozovyk], `opam update' now loads opam files incrementally, only
    parsing the files that have changed since the last time you called
    `opam update'. Before that, opam files in opam repositories were all
    loaded from the file system after an update if there was any
    change. The performance improvement of this change thus depends on
    how often you call `opam update' and what type of repository and OS
    you are using. ([#5824])

  =E2=80=A2 :spiral_shell: Improved shell integration. A number of users ha=
ve
    been hitting issues with opam's shell integration where parts of a
    previous environment was kept in the current environment, causing a
    number of issues. These can be triggered by, for example, nuking
    your opam root directory (by default `~/.opam' or
    `%LocalAppData%\opam'). For this particular case we are still
    working on a fix, but many other users have reported similar issues
    without nuking their root directory and in that case we believe to
    have fixed the majority of issues. ([dbuenzli/topkg#142], [#4649],
    [#5761])

  =E2=80=A2 :spiral_shell:=C2=B2 We've also changed the default file to whi=
ch `opam
    init' writes the opam shell integration to be `.bashrc' instead of
    the previous `.profile' or `.bash_profile' when `bash' is detected.
    Doing it this way prevents some issues with existing `.profile'
    files that source the `.bashrc' file and causing an infinite loop
    when opam asks users to ensure they source their `.bashrc' file in
    their `.profile' file. ([#5819], [#4201], [#3990])

  =E2=80=A2 :shield: The opam install script now installs an appropriate
    `apparmor' profile on systems configured with `apparmor' (this is
    enabled by default on Ubuntu). This change is not strictly speaking
    related to this release as it is deployed for every
    version. ([#5968])

  =E2=80=A2 :ocean: Many more UI additions and improvements, bug fixes, =E2=
=80=A6


  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information about
  these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a look
  at the [release note] or the [changelog].


[@arozovyk] 

[#5824] 

[dbuenzli/topkg#142] 

[#4649] 

[#5761] 

[#5819] 

[#4201] 

[#3990] 

[#5968] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.5.0~alpha1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.5.0~alpha1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Please report any issues to the [bug-tracker].

  Happy hacking, <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[bug-tracker] 


Release of Fmlib 0.6.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Helmut announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have the pleasure to annouce the release of version 0.6.0 of
  `fmlib'. The main components of `fmlib' are

  1. Web Applications in the Elm style
  2. Pretty Printing
  3. Combinator Parsing

  Documentation see [https://hbr.github.io/fmlib/odoc/index.html].

  This release is mainly focussed on pretty printing and web
  applications. The new release has some breaking changes because some
  function names or function arguments have changed. The breaking
  changes can be easily fixed by looking into the documentation which
  contains all functions and the corresponding arguments.

  Web applications:

  =E2=80=A2 Single page applications are now fully supported. I.e. it is
    possible to manage several virtual pages in one application. The
    switching between the pages can be done by accessing the browser
    history. I.e. the user is capable of pressing back and forward
    buttons and the application remains the same. For an introduction to
    single page applications see [here]. An example of a single page
    application can be seen [here].
  =E2=80=A2 Web applications can contain reference elements. These can be u=
sed
    to optimize applications with really big doms (e.g. several hundreds
    or thousands of elements). Introduction to reference elements see
    [here]. A simple spreadsheet implemented as a web application can be
    found [here].
  =E2=80=A2 Files on the local machine can be selected and loaded into the
    application.
  =E2=80=A2 Session and local storage of the browser can be used.

  Pretty Printing: A new algorithm based on Phil Wadler=E2=80=99s design is=
 used
  which makes the code more elegant, easy to read and fixes some bugs in
  the previous algorithm. The new algorithm is in a separate module
  `Pretty'. The old module `Print' is kept but will be removed in the
  next release.

  Combinator Parsing: As a convenience there are lexeme parsers which
  support languages with some standard syntax (like Haskell=E2=80=99s
  Parsec). Some bugfixes and minor additional functions. No breaking
  changes.


[https://hbr.github.io/fmlib/odoc/index.html]


[here]


[here] 

[here]


[here] 


MlFront 2.4.2.x
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  MlFront 2.4.2.30, a set of packages centered around language-agnostic
  build tooling, is available on opam. Changes include:

  =E2=80=A2 MlFront_Core: `FilePath.absolute' has flags to create Windows p=
aths
    longer than 260-characters (`MAX_PATH').
  =E2=80=A2 MlFront_ZipFile: Now has a `deterministic' mode when creating z=
ip
    files.
  =E2=80=A2 MlFront_Cache: Now embeds the sqlite3 C library so you don=E2=
=80=99t need
    pkg-config (etc.) to install it.
  =E2=80=A2 MlFront_Exec: Supports downloading attested (signed) binary pac=
kages
    from GitHub. Confer with my article on GitHub attestations:
    
  =E2=80=A2 MlFront_Thunk: Its ThunkLexers and ThunkParsers include a JSONC
    parser that can be used to edit config files. Relies on the
    fmlib_parser library. I use it to autofix JSONC build files with
    correct checksums and file sizes. (Ping/reply if you would use it so
    I can separate it)


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Setting up Open Telemetry (OTel) with OCaml and Azure Monitor
    Integration]
  =E2=80=A2 [Hacking OCaml]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Setting up Open Telemetry (OTel) with OCaml and Azure Monitor
Integration]


[Hacking OCaml] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 21 to 28, 202=
5.

    



    

    opam 2.5.0~alpha1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-5-0-alpha1/17411/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy to announce the first alpha release of opam 2.5.0.

    


    
This version is an alpha, we invite users to test it to spot previously unn=
oticed bugs as we head towards the stable release.

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s new? Some highlights:
    

    

      

    • :high_speed_train: Speed up opam update up to 70%. Thanks =
to @arozovyk, opam update=
 now loads opam files incrementally, only parsing the files that hav=
e changed since the last time you called opam update. Before t=
hat, opam files in opam repositories were all loaded from the file system a=
fter an update if there was any change. The performance improvement of this=
 change thus depends on how often you call opam update and wha=
t type of repository and OS you are using. (#5824)
      • 


    • :spiral_shell: Improved shell integration. A number of users have been =
hitting issues with opam's shell integration where parts of a previous envi=
ronment was kept in the current environment, causing a number of issues. Th=
ese can be triggered by, for example, nuking your opam root directory (by d=
efault ~/.opam or %LocalAppData%\opam). For this =
particular case we are still working on a fix, but many other users have re=
ported similar issues without nuking their root directory and in that case =
we believe to have fixed the majority of issues. (dbuenzli/topkg#142, #4649, #5761)
      • 


    • :spiral_shell:=C2=B2 We've also changed the default file to which opam init writes the opam shell integration to be .bashrc instead of the previous .profile or .bash_profile when bash is detected.  Doing it this way prevents some i=
ssues with existing .profile files that source the .bash=
rc file and causing an infinite loop when opam asks users to ensure =
they source their .bashrc file in their .profile =
file. (#5819, #4201, #3990)
      • 


    • :shield: The opam install script now installs an appropriate appa=
rmor profile on systems configured with apparmor (this =
is enabled by default on Ubuntu). This change is not strictly speaking rela=
ted to this release as it is deployed for every version. (#5968)
      • 


    • :ocean: Many more UI additions and improvements, bug fixes, =E2=80=A6

    



    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and mor=
e, and for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog=
.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
5.0~alpha1"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.5.0~alpha1"

    


    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Release of Fmlib 0.6.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-fmlib-0-6-0/17412/1

    

    

    

    Helmut announced
    

    

    
I have the pleasure to annouce the release of version 0.6.0 of fmlib<=
/code>. The main components of fmlib are

    


      

    1. Web Applications in the Elm style
      2. 

    2. Pretty Printing
      3. 

    3. Combinator Parsing
      4. 

    


    
Documentation see h=
ttps://hbr.github.io/fmlib/odoc/index.html.

    


    
This release is mainly focussed on pretty printing and web applications. Th=
e new release has some breaking changes because some function names or func=
tion arguments have changed. The breaking changes can be easily fixed by lo=
oking into the documentation which contains all functions and the correspon=
ding arguments.

    


    
Web applications:

    


      

    • Single page applications are now fully supported. I.e. it is possible t=
o manage several virtual pages in one application. The switching between th=
e pages can be done by accessing the browser history. I.e. the user is capa=
ble of pressing back and forward buttons and the application remains the sa=
me. For an introduction to single page applications see he=
re. An example of a single page application can be seen here.
      • 

    • Web applications can contain reference elements. These can be used to o=
ptimize applications with really big doms (e.g. several hundreds or thousan=
ds of elements). Introduction to reference elements see here. A simple spreadsheet implemented as a web application can be found here.
      • 

    • Files on the local machine can be selected and loaded into the applicat=
ion.
      • 

    • Session and local storage of the browser can be used.
      • 

    


    
Pretty Printing: A new algorithm based on Phil Wadler=E2=80=99s design is u=
sed which makes the code more elegant, easy to read and fixes some bugs in =
the previous algorithm. The new algorithm is in a separate module Pre=
tty. The old module Print is kept but will be removed i=
n the next release.

    


    
Combinator Parsing: As a convenience there are lexeme parsers which support=
 languages with some standard syntax (like Haskell=E2=80=99s Parsec). Some =
bugfixes and minor additional functions. No breaking changes.

    

    

    

    

    

    MlFront 2.4.2.x
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlfront-2-4-2-x/17427/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
MlFront 2.4.2.30, a set of packages centered around language-agnostic build=
 tooling, is available on opam. Changes include:

    


      

    • MlFront_Core: FilePath.absolute has flags to create Window=
s paths longer than 260-characters (MAX_PATH).
      • 

    • MlFront_ZipFile: Now has a deterministic mode when creatin=
g zip files.
      • 

    • MlFront_Cache: Now embeds the sqlite3 C library so you don=E2=80=99t ne=
ed pkg-config (etc.) to install it.
      • 

    • MlFront_Exec: Supports downloading attested (signed) binary packages fr=
om GitHub. Confer with my article on GitHub attestations: https://github.com/diskuv/dk/blob/V2_4/docs/posts/2025-10-24-overv=
iew-ci-attestations.md
      • 

    • MlFront_Thunk: Its ThunkLexers and ThunkParsers include a JSONC parser =
that can be used to edit config files. Relies on the fmlib_parser library. =
I use it to autofix JSONC build files with correct checksums and file sizes=
. (Ping/reply if you would use it so I can separate it)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 28 to
November 04, 2025.

Table of Contents
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Caml in the Capital
Ppxlib: Support for future compilers
Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
Cmarkit 0.4.0 - CommonMark parser and renderer for OCaml
OCaml library for Timeplus Proton timeseries streaming database
Book draft: "Control structures in programming languages"
oplot 0.85 - mathematical plotter
QCheck 0.27
Bytesrw 0.3.0 =E2=80=93 The cryptographic edition
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Caml in the Capital
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Alistair O'Brien announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone =F0=9F=91=8B

  We (@giltho and myself) are happy to announce the first OCaml meetup
  in London (Caml in the Capital)! Think of it as the British cousin of
  OCaml Users Meetup in Paris (OUPS).


What?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Caml in the Capital is an informal evening of talks, demos, and
  hacking from anyone working with or interested in OCaml. The goal is
  to create a friendly local space for sharing ideas, showing off
  projects, and connecting with other OCaml developers in the UK.


When?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We=E2=80=99re aiming for February 2026. Please fill out this short poll to
  help us pick a date:

  =F0=9F=91=89 [Doodle poll link]

  Options: Thu 5th Feb, Thu 12th Feb, Thu 19th Feb, Thu 26th Feb

  The meetup will take place in central London (venue TBA =E2=80=94 likely
  Imperial College), starting around 6:30pm and running until 8:30pm,
  with informal drinks and discussions afterwards.


[Doodle poll link] 


What=E2=80=99s the `Fmt'?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  A mix of:

  =E2=80=A2 Workshop-style talks =E2=80=93 anything from an accessible intr=
oduction of
    your work or research, a deep dive into your library, a live demo,
    or a tutorial.
  =E2=80=A2 Hacking / discussions


Call for presentations?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you=E2=80=99d like to give a talk, please message me or @giltho direct=
ly
  with:

  =E2=80=A2 A title and short abstract
  =E2=80=A2 Expected time slot

  Once we confirm the first date, we=E2=80=99ll:

  =E2=80=A2 Confirm the programme and publish a new forum post
  =E2=80=A2 Setup website, a Zulip channel, and a Meetup page for registrat=
ion

  Looking forward to meeting more OCaml users in person!

  =E2=80=93 Alistair & Sacha


Ppxlib: Support for future compilers
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Nathan Rebours announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *Handling future AST changes in ppxlib*

  The OCaml 5.2 compiler release has introduced changes in core parts of
  the AST types. Reflecting those changes when we bumped the internal
  AST used by ppxlib in [0.36.0] caused breakage in a lot of reverse
  dependencies. Despite [our efforts to keep the ecosystem up to date],
  it has lead to a split in the opam universe between packages that are
  compatible with 0.36.0 and above and those that aren't.

  Looking at the 5.3 and 5.4 AST changes, we cannot reasonably keep the
  same ["update the universe" approach] going forward I would like to
  propose a slightly different but much more stable and sustainable
  approach.

  I think it's important to have a bit of context on why ppxlib is
  designed the way it is and how we've been handling new compiler
  releases over the past few years to understand this new approach and
  how it's going to improve the situation.

  The next section of this post will summarize this. If you're already
  familiar with ppxlib's history and design choices, please skip ahead
  to the [Proposed Approach section](#proposed-approach-for-53-onward).


[0.36.0] 

[our efforts to keep the ecosystem up to date]


["update the universe" approach]


Ppxlib and compiler releases: How it works today
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=E2=97=8A Ppxlib internal AST

  Before ppxlib there was [ocaml-migrate-parsetree]. OMP had the
  advantage of providing a stable API for ppx authors. Each ppx would
  select a fixed version of the AST and be implemented as a full AST
  rewrite, i.e. a `structure -> structure' or `signature -> signature'
  function.

  This had the advantage of making ppx-es forward compatible as omp
  maintainers would add support for new compiler releases in the form of
  a new module containing the AST types for this version and migration
  functions to convert to/from the types matching the previous compiler
  version.

  OMP also came with a ppx driver, i.e. a program in charge of applying
  a set of ppx-es on a given AST or source file and spit out the final
  preprocessed AST for the compiler. The driver was responsible for
  migrating the AST from the compiler's version to the one used by a
  ppx. Because each ppx could require a different AST version, it also
  potentially had to migrate the AST transformed by a ppx before it
  passing it on to the next one.

  This had a few disadvantages though:
  1. poor performance as the AST was traversed and migrated
     (i.e. copied) several times through the course of a single driver
     run.
  2. transformations semantic issues: the order in which ppx-es were
     applied was uncertain or rather tied to the set of ppx-es version
     used. That meant that updating one ppx could change its "turn" and
     result in a different AST returned by the driver. This also did not
     allow ppx-es to interact together reliably.

  ppxlib aimed at fixing those issues by forcing ppx-es to agree on the
  AST version to use. ppxlib provides its own, fixed AST version that
  ppx-es have to use. Its driver handles the migration to/from the
  current compiler and provides a smooth API to write transformations as
  rewriting rules. The driver then handles the AST rewrite by
  recursively applying those rules in the right places in a single AST
  traversal.


  [ocaml-migrate-parsetree]
  


=E2=97=8A Support for new compilers

  Support for new compilers comes in two stages.


  =E2=97=8A Build and preprocess old code with new compiler

    This is the most basic support, that is making sure that one can
    still build and preprocess its code using the newest compiler,
    provided they don't use any of the new language features.

    To do this, we add the new AST types and migration functions, just
    as OMP used to do. This does not allow new features in the code
    because those cannot be represented with the old AST types and the
    migration would fail (*This was also an existing limitation of
    OMP*).

    This is usually released early on, when the compiler is still in
    beta and is a non breaking change, all reverse dependencies still
    build with this new version.


  =E2=97=8A Support new language features

    To support new language features, we bump the AST used by
    ppxlib. This means new features don't have to be migrated anymore
    and are therefore supported.

    This does change types that are exposed as part of ppxlib's API and
    can cause breakage in reverse dependencies, depending on which part
    of the AST were modified and which part each individual ppx uses
    explicitly.

    We provide tools that can help make ppx code more robust as they
    allow matching over and producing AST nodes without explicitly
    referencing the types themselves: `metaquot', `Ast_builder' or
    `Ast_pattern' for instance. That's not always enough though and
    eventually, those ppx-es have to be updated to be compatible with
    the latest version of ppxlib.

    As was the case for the 5.2 AST bump, when we release such a ppxlib
    version, we send PRs to help maintainers of our opam reverse
    dependencies update and carefully add upper bounds to the versions
    that aren't compatible anymore.

    This worked pretty well for a few years as the AST was relatively
    stable and the parts that were modified were not directly used by a
    lot of ppx-es.

    A problem with this approach is that even though we can help
    maintainers go through the update, we cannot release packages in
    their stead which means that unmaintained ppx-es aren't compatible
    anymore no matter how much effort we put into easing the upgrade. It
    is also often the case that not all ppx-es have a compatible release
    straight away and this results in a transition period with the opam
    universe split mentioned in the introduction.


Proposed approach for 5.3 onward
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=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The first part of this plan is to freeze ppxlib's internal AST for
  each major versions. That means that until we release ppxlib.1.0.0 our
  internal AST will always be the 5.2 AST.

  The second and most important part is to provide complete forward
  compatibility despite the AST freeze. We will allow migrating new
  features down to our AST by encoding them inside specific language
  extensions and migrating them back to their original form before
  returning the preprocessed AST to the compiler.

  This will allow existing ppx-es to be used with new compilers AND to
  be used in the same files as new language features as long as they
  don't have to directly interact with them without being updated in any
  way.

  We will also provide a stable API to allow ppx-es that would like to
  add special support for these new features to build and match over
  such nodes.

  You can take a look at the examples below to get an idea of what that
  would look like for recent language features such as the [effect
  syntax](#effect-syntax-example) from OCaml 5.3 or the [bivariance
  annotation](#bivariant-type-parameter-example) from OCaml 5.4.

  As part of these changes, we will deprecate ppxlib's copy of
  `Ast_helper' in favor of `Ast_builder', aiming to remove `Ast_helper'
  entirely in 1.0.0. We have been maintaining two distinct modules for
  quite a while now. `Ast_helper' also has a tendency to encourage its
  users to generate all their code with `Location.none' as their
  location which makes the life of their users a bit hard when they have
  to interpret compiler errors.

  This can be seen as a middle ground between the approach proposed
  [here] 6 years ago (/that we gave up on due to its complexity/) and
  the current situation.


[here] 

=E2=97=8A Limitations

  Encoding new features into extension points is not always easy, only
  specific parts of the AST can be replaced by an extension point. To
  keep things under control and prevent ppx-es from generating
  inconsistent nodes, all new features will always be migrated into an
  extension point. That means that if the impacted node cannot directly
  be encoded that way, we will encode the first suitable parent node. In
  some scenarios, that can climb up the AST types quite significantly,
  potentially all the way to the `structure_item~/~signature_item'. This
  means that new features won't be equal when it comes to how easy it is
  to use them in conjunction with some ppx-es. It's important to keep in
  mind that this is still a net improvement as it was previously not
  possible to use them together at all.

  Similarly, providing a nice API to allow building and destructing
  encoded new features will vastly depend on the features themselves and
  how entangled they are with new AST types. We will likely not always
  expose such builder/destructor pairs and might only add some of them
  if the demand is high enough.

  It is also part of the reason why we will probably still bump our AST
  at some points in time even if much less frequently than we have in
  the past. When that eventually happens, we will be able to maintain
  the previous major versions for quite a while as this will just be a
  matter of adding our newest migrations there as well.


=E2=97=8A Effect syntax example

  OCaml 5.3 introduced the following syntax:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 match f () with
  =E2=94=82 | v -> Complete v
  =E2=94=82 | effect (Xchg msg), k ->
  =E2=94=82   ...
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This special effect pattern is represented in the 5.3 AST with the
  `Ppat_effect' variant:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 | Ppat_effect of pattern * pattern
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We cannot represent this in the 5.2 AST and previously, any attempt at
  migrating such a node down would have failed. With this new approach
  we instead migrate it to something along those lines:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 [%ppxlib.migration.ppat_effect? (Xchg msg, k)]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  and the upward migration knows to translate this to the right
  `Ppat_effect' node. This migration needs to work without context
  outside the extension so that any ppx that would unknowingly copy such
  a node elsewhere in the AST would not cause an uninterpreted extension
  error later on during the compilation.

  If this is passed down to an existing ppx as part of its payload and
  it tries to interpret it, it should fail as it won't know what to do
  with such an extension.

  *Note that ppx authors should never rely on the actual extension point
   encoding, we reserve ourselves the right to change that encoding as
   part of minor or patch releases of ppxlib. Such nodes should be left
   untouched or dealt with using the stable API described below.*

  Now if a ppx author needs to add explicit support for effects they
  will be able to use something like:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val ppat_effect : loc: location -> pattern -> pattern -> pattern
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  from `Ast_builder' to generate such a node. Of course if your ppx
  generates an `effect' pattern with an older compiler, this will lead
  to a compile error as the extension won't be translated unless
  migrated back up. Authors will have to be mindful of this and properly
  document when/how they'll generate newer nodes and eventually restrict
  their ppx to the right range of compilers.

  These will likely come with a "destruct" version in `Ast_pattern'. For
  the `effect' pattern it should look like:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 val ppat_effect : (pattern * pattern, 'a, 'b) t -> (pattern, 'a=
, 'b) t
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


=E2=97=8A Bivariant type parameter example

  This example is probably a bit of a stretch as it is a very niche
  syntax change and is highly unlikely to actually be used in the wild,
  but it makes a good example of a feature that is hard to encode.

  In OCaml 5.4, a new variant was added to the `Asttypes.variance' type:
  `Bivariant'. The `variance' type is used in the AST to describe how a
  type parameter behaves relative to the type itself. This can be
  manually annotated for each parameter when writing a type declaration
  or a class.

  The `Bivariant' case is a bit of a special one as a parameter can only
  be `Bivariant' (i.e. covariant AND contravariant) with the type if it
  does not actually appear in the concrete type definition, that is in
  cases such as:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type 'a t =3D A
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For reasons that we won't expand upon here, 5.4 introduced the
  following syntax to allow one to explicit annotate a parameter as
  bivariant:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type +-'a t
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The problem is that the variance cannot be replaced directly by an
  extension point, see the type `type_declaration' for instance:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 and type_declaration =3D
  =E2=94=82     {
  =E2=94=82      ptype_name: string loc;
  =E2=94=82      ptype_params: (core_type * (variance * injectivity)) list;
  =E2=94=82                                  ^^^^^^^^
  =E2=94=82       (** [('a1,...'an) t] *)
  =E2=94=82      ptype_cstrs: (core_type * core_type * Location.t) list;
  =E2=94=82       (** [... constraint T1=3DT1'  ... constraint Tn=3DTn'] *)
  =E2=94=82      ptype_kind: type_kind;
  =E2=94=82      ptype_private: private_flag;  (** for [=3D private ...] *)
  =E2=94=82      ptype_manifest: core_type option;  (** represents [=3D T] =
*)
  =E2=94=82      ptype_attributes: attributes;  (** [... [\@\@id1] [\@\@id2=
]] *)
  =E2=94=82      ptype_loc: Location.t;
  =E2=94=82     }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  In this example we have to encode the entire parent node of the type
  declaration as an extension point.

  This means that it spreads in quite a few places, `type_declaration'
  can be found in `structure_items', `signature_items' and inside some
  `module_type' nodes as well.

  Given there's very little to no use for this syntax, we won't be
  providing any function to build or destruct such nodes initially.


Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am delighted to announce the release of Miou version 0.5.0. This
  release now uses `poll(2)~/~ppoll(2)' instead of `select(3P)' in order
  to improve I/O management performance.

  Since I/O management is decoupled from the scheduler, this does not
  change the Miou API or the `miou.unix' library.

  I would particularly like to thank @backtracking for allowing us to
  integrate part of his [bitv] library under a different licence, as
  well as @haesbaert, the original author of [ocaml-iomux], for allowing
  us to use `poll(2)~/~ppoll(2)'.

  This has allowed us to go further, particularly with [vif], our web
  framework for OCaml 5, and our website [builder-web] has been
  completely rewritten to move to OCaml 5 (thanks to @reynir and
  @yomimono who participated in this rewrite and provided important
  feedbacks).

  This release comes with a new package, [flux] (still experimental),
  offering streaming abstractions that can be used with Miou. I would
  like to thank @rizo for his sketch [streaming] in this regard
  (pre-OCaml 5). This library takes advantage of the parallelism offered
  by Miou (with `Miou.call') as well as resource management and
  finalisers (with `Miou.Ownership'). A tutorial is available [here] to
  create a tiny `curl' with a loading bar.

  

  Finally, we are continuing to lay the groundwork for the development
  of unikernels with [mkernel]. We are currently experimenting with
  three unikernels:
  =E2=80=A2 [immuable], which reuses Vif to create websites in OCaml 5 in t=
he
    form of unikernels
  =E2=80=A2 [chaos] (still at a very experimental stage), which aims to be =
an
    NTP server
  =E2=80=A2 [dns-resolver], which is a DNS query resolver in the form of a
    unikernel

  Finally, we would also like to thank everyone who has been involved in
  the development of Miou and its related ecosystem, whether directly or
  indirectly.

  Happy hacking!


[bitv] 

[ocaml-iomux] 

[vif] 

[builder-web] 

[flux] 

[streaming] 

[here] 

[mkernel] 

[immuable] 

[chaos] 

[dns-resolver] 


Cmarkit 0.4.0 - CommonMark parser and renderer for OCaml
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  It's my pleasure to announce a new release of [cmarkit], an
  ISC-licensed CommonMark parser and renderer for OCaml.

  This release provides support for the latest version of the CommonMark
  specification, updated data for Unicode 17.0.0, a notable semantic
  change in the task item extension (thanks to @samoht) and a couple of
  bug fixes and improvements mostly in the CommonMark renderer.

  All the details are in the [release notes]. Thanks to everyone who
  reported issues.

  This release is brought to you by essential funding from the [OCaml
  software foundation] and my [donors].

  =E2=80=A2 Homepage: 
  =E2=80=A2 Docs:  (or `odig doc
    cmarkit`)
  =E2=80=A2 Install: `opam install cmarkit` ([opam PR])

  =E2=80=94

  P.S. I'm surprised by the number of users (or rather, dissatisfied
  users :=E2=80=93) of the CommonMark renderer. If you are using it don't
  hesitate to tell how/why you are using it in this thread, just curious
  :=E2=80=93)


[cmarkit] 

[release notes]


[OCaml software foundation] 

[donors] 

[opam PR] 


OCaml library for Timeplus Proton timeseries streaming database
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Michael Freeman announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A high-performance, feature-rich OCaml driver for [Timeplus Proton] -
  the streaming database built on ClickHouse.


[Timeplus Proton] 

*Features*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 *Streaming Queries* - Process large datasets with constant memo=
ry
     usage
  =E2=80=A2 *Async Inserts* - High-throughput data ingestion with automatic
     batching
  =E2=80=A2 *Compression* - LZ4 and ZSTD support for reduced network overhe=
ad
  =E2=80=A2 *TLS Security* - Secure connections with certificate validation
  =E2=80=A2 *Connection Pooling* - Efficient resource management for
     high-concurrency applications
  =E2=80=A2 *Rich Data Types* - Full support for ClickHouse types including
     Arrays, Maps, Enums, DateTime64
  =E2=80=A2 *Idiomatic OCaml* - Functional API leveraging OCaml's strengths

  


Book draft: "Control structures in programming languages"
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Leroy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce that a draft of my upcoming book "Control
  structures in programming languages: from goto to algebraic effects"
  is now available at [https://xavierleroy.org/control-structures] .

  The book compares several programming languages from the standpoint of
  control structures.  OCaml is used intensively to discuss control in
  functional programming, including continuation-passing style, control
  operators, exceptions, user-defined effects and effect handlers, with
  many examples that I hope you'll like.

  The book also discusses in depth a number of questions that are often
  raised in this forum, such as the theory and practice of algebraic
  effects and handlers, and the static checking of exceptions and
  effects.

  Enjoy!


[https://xavierleroy.org/control-structures]



oplot 0.85 - mathematical plotter
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


sanette announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Hello

  I=E2=80=99m happy to announce a new version of [oplot], a library for plo=
tting
  mathematical functions, using openGL by default for fast rendering and
  animations, but also providing high quality vector graphics exports.

  This version has a new feature that math lovers will appreciate:
  `implicit_curve' plotting!

  For instance do you want to know what the solutions to the equation
  (x=C2=B2+y=C2=B2-1)=C2=B3 - x=C2=B2 y=C2=B3 =3D 0 look like?

  Here is the result:

  

  If you already dug into the problem of plotting implicit curves you
  know that it=E2=80=99s sometimes very difficult to localize in advance the
  various singularities of the curve. `oplot' gives you 3 ways of tuning
  the computation: grid size, recursive grid size for subsampling where
  the curvature of the curve seems high, and control over the iterations
  of the Newton method. There is also a pole detection, where the
  function changes sign but probably still doesn=E2=80=99t have a zero
  there. You can obtain debug information for any curve, for instance
  here you see the default parameters automatically detected for the
  above curve: initial grid (green) and subsampling (cyan):

  

  `oplot' is available in opam, doc is [here].


[oplot] 

[here] 


QCheck 0.27
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Jan Midtgaard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  QCheck 0.27 is now available from the opam repository :partying_face:

  

  The 0.27 release is focused on improving the `float' shrinking support
  and also contains a small patch to make the package compile with
  OxCaml:
  =E2=80=A2 Add `QCheck.Shrink.float' and enable shrinking for `QCheck.floa=
t'
  =E2=80=A2 Add `QCheck.Shrink.float_bound' and enable shrinking for
    `QCheck.float_bound_inclusive' and `QCheck.float_bound_exclusive'
  =E2=80=A2 Add `QCheck.Shrink.float_range' and enable shrinking for
    `QCheck.float_range'
  =E2=80=A2 Enable shrinking for `QCheck.{pos_float,neg_float,exponential}'
  =E2=80=A2 Patch `QCheck.Print.float' and `QCheck2.Print.float' to print
    negative nans consistently as "-nan" also on Windows and macOS, and
    correct documentation for `QCheck.{float,pos_float,neg_float}' in
    that they may produce ~nan~s since #350 from 0.26
  =E2=80=A2 Eta-expand a couple of partial application to compile under OxC=
aml

  Happy testing! :smiley:


Bytesrw 0.3.0 =E2=80=93 The cryptographic edition
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  It's my pleasure to announce a new release of the [bytesrw] set of ISC
  licensed libraries.

        Bytesrw extends the OCaml Bytes module with composable,
        memory efficient, byte stream readers and writers
        compatible with effect-based concurrency.

        Optional support for compressed, hashed and encrypted
        bytes depend, at your wish, on the C `zlib', `libzstd',
        `blake3', `libmd', `xxhash' and `mbedtls' libraries.

  This release adds optional libraries to support for `SHA-3' hashes,
  cryptographically secure pseudo-random bytes streams, TLS encrypted
  byte stream and low-level support for cryptographic operations on
  slices:

  =E2=80=A2 [`Bytesrw_sysrandom'] provides pseudorandom byte streams and en=
tropy
    directly sourced from your operating system primitives.

  =E2=80=A2 [`Bytesrw_crypto.Psa'] provides low-level cryptographic operati=
ons
    on byte slices via thin and safe bindings to the [TF-PSA-Crypto] C
    library distributed with Mbed TLS. This library is an implementation
    of the [PSA Crypto API Specification]. Its design is particularly
    suited if you care about key materiel not being seen by the OCaml GC
    (implementations also allow further degrees of isolation as can be
    read in the API's [design goals]). Besides the API is nicely and
    thoroughly documented. It is quite bureaucratic to use but that's
    what you likely want from a cryptographic library (e.g. key usages
    have to be declared upfront and are checked at runtime by
    cryptographic operations).

  =E2=80=A2 [`Bytesrw_crypto'] (will) provides a few higher-level operations
    implemented over PSA. The module is rather shallow at the moment,
    more will be added in the future as we abstract over our usage of
    PSA Crypto. For now it mostly contains an API to access the hashes
    provided by PSA Crypto in the way other `bytesrw' hashing modules
    expose their hashing service. This notably provides the `SHA-3'
    family of hashes which were not previously available in the set of
    optional `bytesrw' libraries.

  =E2=80=A2 [`Bytesrw_tls'] provides support for TLS encrypted streams and =
the
    needed X.509 certificate management (including system lookups for
    trusted CAs). The backend is provided by the [Mbed TLS] C
    library. For now these streams are instantied over blocking fds, but
    this restriction will be lifted in the future. I also added a little
    tool called `certown' which you may find handy for dealing with
    certificates for localhost when you develop servers.

  Note that the binding to PSA cryptography has been used to implement a
  few things (e.g. the horrific passkeys specification) but has not run
  in production yet. However the binding is pleasantly unsophisticated,
  the underlying C API is straightforward to bind to.

  See the [release notes] for details about other changes.

  This release was made possible thanks to a grant from the [OCaml
  software foundation] and to my [donors].

  =E2=80=A2 Homepage: 
  =E2=80=A2 Docs:  (or `odig doc
    bytesrw')
  =E2=80=A2 Install: `opam install bytesrw conf-=E2=80=A6' ([opam pr])

  =E2=80=94

  P.S. Libraries that depend on Mbed TLS need the recent 4.0.0 version
  which is quite fresh and may take a bit of time to trickle in system
  package managers. If you trust me you can use my [distribution crutch]
  opam repository to install it.


[bytesrw] 

[`Bytesrw_sysrandom']


[`Bytesrw_crypto.Psa']


[TF-PSA-Crypto] 

[PSA Crypto API Specification]


[design goals]


[`Bytesrw_crypto']


[`Bytesrw_tls']


[Mbed TLS] 

[release notes]


[OCaml software foundation] 

[donors] 

[opam pr] 

[distribution crutch] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Supporting OCurrent: FLOSS/Fund Backs Maintenance for OCaml's
    Native CI Framework]
  =E2=80=A2 [WebAuthn & Passkeys in OCaml: Implementing Passwordless
    Authentication]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Supporting OCurrent: FLOSS/Fund Backs Maintenance for OCaml's Native CI
Framework]


[WebAuthn & Passkeys in OCaml: Implementing Passwordless Authentication]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
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Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of October 28 to Novembe=
r 04, 2025.

    



    

    Caml in the Capital
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caml-in-the-capital/17428/1

    

    

    

    Alistair O'Brien announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone =F0=9F=91=8B

    


    
We (@giltho and myself) are happy to announce the first OCaml meetup in Lon=
don (Caml in the Capital)! Think of it as the British cousin of OCaml Users=
 Meetup in Paris (OUPS).

    

    

    

    What?
    

    

    
Caml in the Capital is an informal evening of talks, demos, and hacking fro=
m anyone working with or interested in OCaml. The goal is to create a frien=
dly local space for sharing ideas, showing off projects, and connecting wit=
h other OCaml developers in the UK.

    

    

    

    

    When?
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99re aiming for February 2026. Please fill out this short poll to =
help us pick a date:

    


    
=F0=9F=91=89 Doodle poll link

    


    
Options: Thu 5th Feb, Thu 12th Feb, Thu 19th Feb, Thu 26th Feb

    


    
The meetup will take place in central London (venue TBA =E2=80=94 likely Im=
perial College), starting around 6:30pm and running until 8:30pm, with info=
rmal drinks and discussions afterwards.

    

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s the Fmt?
    

    

    
A mix of:

    


      

    • Workshop-style talks =E2=80=93 anything from an accessible introduction=
 of your work or research, a deep dive into your library, a live demo, or a=
 tutorial.
      • 

    • Hacking / discussions
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Call for presentations?
    

    

    
If you=E2=80=99d like to give a talk, please message me or @giltho directly=
 with:

    


      

    • A title and short abstract
      • 

    • Expected time slot
      • 

    


    
Once we confirm the first date, we=E2=80=99ll:

    


      

    • Confirm the programme and publish a new forum post
      • 

    • Setup website, a Zulip channel, and a Meetup page for registration
      • 

    


    
Looking forward to meeting more OCaml users in person!

    


    
=E2=80=93 Alistair & Sacha

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Ppxlib: Support for future compilers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppxlib-support-for-fu=
ture-compilers/17430/1

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
Handling future AST changes in ppxlib

    


    
The OCaml 5.2 compiler release has introduced changes in core parts of the =
AST types. Reflecting those changes when we bumped the internal AST used by=
 ppxlib in 0.36.0 caused breakage in a lot of reverse dependencies. Despite our efforts to keep the ecosystem up to date, it has=
 lead to a split in the opam universe between packages that are compatible =
with 0.36.0 and above and those that aren't.

    


    
Looking at the 5.3 and 5.4 AST changes, we cannot reasonably keep the same =
"=
update the universe" approach going forward I would like to propose a s=
lightly different but much more stable and sustainable approach.

    


    
I think it's important to have a bit of context on why ppxlib is designed t=
he way it is and how we've been handling new compiler releases over the pas=
t few years to understand this new approach and how it's going to improve t=
he situation.

    


    
The next section of this post will summarize this. If you're already famili=
ar with ppxlib's history and design choices, please skip ahead to the [Prop=
osed Approach section](#proposed-approach-for-53-onward).

    

    

    

    Ppxlib and compiler releases: How it works today
    

    

    

      

    • Ppxlib internal AST
      

      

      
Before ppxlib there was ocaml-migrate-parsetree. OMP had the advantage of providi=
ng a stable API for ppx authors. Each ppx would select a fixed version of t=
he AST and be implemented as a full AST rewrite, i.e. a structure -&g=
t; structure or signature -> signature function.

      


      
This had the advantage of making ppx-es forward compatible as omp maintaine=
rs would add support for new compiler releases in the form of a new module =
containing the AST types for this version and migration functions to conver=
t to/from the types matching the previous compiler version.

      


      
OMP also came with a ppx driver, i.e. a program in charge of applying a set=
 of ppx-es on a given AST or source file and spit out the final preprocesse=
d AST for the compiler. The driver was responsible for migrating the AST fr=
om the compiler's version to the one used by a ppx. Because each ppx could =
require a different AST version, it also potentially had to migrate the AST=
 transformed by a ppx before it passing it on to the next one.

      


      
This had a few disadvantages though:

      

        

      1. poor performance as the AST was traversed and migrated (i.e. copied) se=
veral times through the course of a single driver run.
        2. 

      2. transformations semantic issues: the order in which ppx-es were applied=
 was uncertain or rather tied to the set of ppx-es version used. That meant=
 that updating one ppx could change its "turn" and result in a different AS=
T returned by the driver. This also did not allow ppx-es to interact togeth=
er reliably.
        3. 

      


      
ppxlib aimed at fixing those issues by forcing ppx-es to agree on the AST v=
ersion to use. ppxlib provides its own, fixed AST version that ppx-es have =
to use. Its driver handles the migration to/from the current compiler and p=
rovides a smooth API to write transformations as rewriting rules. The drive=
r then handles the AST rewrite by recursively applying those rules in the r=
ight places in a single AST traversal.

      

      

      • 

    • Support for new compilers
      

      

      
Support for new compilers comes in two stages.

      

      

        

      • Build and preprocess old code with new compile=
r
        

        

        
This is the most basic support, that is making sure that one can still buil=
d and preprocess its code using the newest compiler, provided they don't us=
e any of the new language features.

        


        
To do this, we add the new AST types and migration functions, just as OMP u=
sed to do. This does not allow new features in the code because those canno=
t be represented with the old AST types and the migration would fail (Th=
is was also an existing limitation of OMP).

        


        
This is usually released early on, when the compiler is still in beta and i=
s a non breaking change, all reverse dependencies still build with this new=
 version.

        

        

        • 

      • Support new language features
        

        

        
To support new language features, we bump the AST used by ppxlib. This mean=
s new features don't have to be migrated anymore and are therefore supporte=
d.

        


        
This does change types that are exposed as part of ppxlib's API and can cau=
se breakage in reverse dependencies, depending on which part of the AST wer=
e modified and which part each individual ppx uses explicitly.

        


        
We provide tools that can help make ppx code more robust as they allow matc=
hing over and producing AST nodes without explicitly referencing the types =
themselves: metaquot, Ast_builder or Ast_pa=
ttern for instance. That's not always enough though and eventually, =
those ppx-es have to be updated to be compatible with the latest version of=
 ppxlib.

        


        
As was the case for the 5.2 AST bump, when we release such a ppxlib version=
, we send PRs to help maintainers of our opam reverse dependencies update a=
nd carefully add upper bounds to the versions that aren't compatible anymor=
e.

        


        
This worked pretty well for a few years as the AST was relatively stable an=
d the parts that were modified were not directly used by a lot of ppx-es.

        


        
A problem with this approach is that even though we can help maintainers go=
 through the update, we cannot release packages in their stead which means =
that unmaintained ppx-es aren't  compatible anymore no matter how much effo=
rt we put into easing the upgrade. It is also often the case that not all p=
px-es have a compatible release straight away and this results in a transit=
ion period with the opam universe split mentioned in the introduction.

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Proposed approach for 5.3 onward
    

    

    
The first part of this plan is to freeze ppxlib's internal AST for each maj=
or versions. That means that until we release ppxlib.1.0.0 our internal AST=
 will always be the 5.2 AST.

    


    
The second and most important part is to provide complete forward compatibi=
lity despite the AST freeze. We will allow migrating new features down to o=
ur AST by encoding them inside specific language extensions and migrating t=
hem back to their original form before returning the preprocessed AST to th=
e compiler.

    


    
This will allow existing ppx-es to be used with new compilers AND to be use=
d in the same files as new language features as long as they don't have to =
directly interact with them without being updated in any way.

    


    
We will also provide a stable API to allow ppx-es that would like to add sp=
ecial support for these new features to build and match over such nodes.

    


    
You can take a look at the examples below to get an idea of what that would=
 look like for recent language features such as the [effect syntax](#effect=
-syntax-example) from OCaml 5.3 or the [bivariance annotation](#bivariant-t=
ype-parameter-example) from OCaml 5.4.

    


    
As part of these changes, we will deprecate ppxlib's copy of Ast_help=
er in favor of Ast_builder, aiming to remove Ast_=
helper entirely in 1.0.0. We have been maintaining two distinct modu=
les for quite a while now. Ast_helper also has a tendency to e=
ncourage its users to generate all their code with Location.none as their location which makes the life of their users a bit hard when th=
ey have to interpret compiler errors.

    


    
This can be seen as a middle ground between the approach proposed here 6 years ag=
o (that we gave up on due to its complexity) and the current situati=
on.

    

    

      

    • Limitations
      

      

      
Encoding new features into extension points is not always easy, only specif=
ic parts of the AST can be replaced by an extension point. To keep things u=
nder control and prevent ppx-es from generating inconsistent nodes, all new=
 features will always be migrated into an extension point. That means that =
if the impacted node cannot directly be encoded that way, we will encode th=
e first suitable parent node. In some scenarios, that can climb up the AST =
types quite significantly, potentially all the way to the structure_i=
tem~/~signature_item. This means that new features won't be equal wh=
en it comes to how easy it is to use them in conjunction with some ppx-es. =
It's important to keep in mind that this is still a net improvement as it w=
as previously not possible to use them together at all.

      


      
Similarly, providing a nice API to allow building and destructing encoded n=
ew features will vastly depend on the features themselves and how entangled=
 they are with new AST types. We will likely not always expose such builder=
/destructor pairs and might only add some of them if the demand is high eno=
ugh.

      


      
It is also part of the reason why we will probably still bump our AST at so=
me points in time even if much less frequently than we have in the past. Wh=
en that eventually happens, we will be able to maintain the previous major =
versions for quite a while as this will just be a matter of adding our newe=
st migrations there as well.

      

      

      • 

    • Effect syntax example
      

      

      
OCaml 5.3 introduced the following syntax:

      

      

      match f () with
| v -> Complete v
| effect (Xchg msg), k ->
  ...

      

      


      
This special effect pattern is represented in the 5.3 AST with the Pp=
at_effect variant:

      

      

      | Ppat_e=
ffect of pattern * pattern

      

      


      
We cannot represent this in the 5.2 AST and previously, any attempt at migr=
ating such a node down would have failed. With this new approach we instead=
 migrate it to something along those lines:

      

      

      [%ppxlib.migration.ppat_effect? (Xchg msg, k)]

      

      

      
and the upward migration knows to translate this to the right Ppat_ef=
fect node. This migration needs to work without context outside the =
extension so that any ppx that would unknowingly copy such a node elsewhere=
 in the AST would not cause an uninterpreted extension error later on durin=
g the compilation.

      


      
If this is passed down to an existing ppx as part of its payload and it tri=
es to interpret it, it should fail as it won't know what to do with such an=
 extension.

      


      
Note that ppx authors should never rely on the actual extension point en=
coding, we reserve ourselves the right to change that encoding as part of m=
inor or patch releases of ppxlib. Such nodes should be left untouched or de=
alt with using the stable API described below.

      


      
Now if a ppx author needs to add explicit support for effects they will be =
able to use something like:

      

      

      val ppat_effect : loc: location -> pattern -> pattern -> pattern

      

      

      
from Ast_builder to generate such a node. Of course if your pp=
x generates an effect pattern with an older compiler, this wil=
l lead to a compile error as the extension won't be translated unless migra=
ted back up. Authors will have to be mindful of this and properly document =
when/how they'll generate newer nodes and eventually restrict their ppx to =
the right range of compilers.

      


      
These will likely come with a "destruct" version in Ast_pattern. For the effect pattern it should look like:

      

      

      val ppat_effect : (pattern * pattern,=
 'a, 'b) t -> (pattern, 'a, 'b) t

      

      

      

      • 

    • Bivariant type parameter example
      

      

      
This example is probably a bit of a stretch as it is a very niche syntax ch=
ange and is highly unlikely to actually be used in the wild, but it makes a=
 good example of a feature that is hard to encode.

      


      
In OCaml 5.4, a new variant was added to the Asttypes.variance=
 type: Bivariant. The variance type is used in th=
e AST to describe how a type parameter behaves relative to the type itself.=
 This can be manually annotated for each parameter when writing a type decl=
aration or a class.

      


      
The Bivariant case is a bit of a special one as a parameter ca=
n only be Bivariant (i.e. covariant AND contravariant) with th=
e type if it does not actually appear in the concrete type definition, that=
 is in cases such as:

      

      

      type 'a t =3D A

      

      


      
For reasons that we won't expand upon here, 5.4 introduced the following sy=
ntax to allow one to explicit annotate a parameter as bivariant:

      

      

      type +-'a t

      

      


      
The problem is that the variance cannot be replaced directly by an extensio=
n point, see the type type_declaration for instance:

      

      

      and type_declaration =3D
    {
     ptype_name: string loc;
     ptype_params: (core_type * (variance * injectivity)) list;
                                 ^^^^^^^^
      (** [('a1,...'an) t] *)
     ptype_cstrs: (core_type * core_type * =
Location.t) list;
      (** [... constraint T1=3DT1'  ... constraint Tn=3DTn'] *)
     ptype_kind: type_kind;
     ptype_private: private_flag;  (** for =
[=3D private ...] *)
     ptype_manifest: core_type option;  (**=
 represents [=3D T] *)
     ptype_attributes: attributes;  (** [... [\@\@id1] [\@\@id2]<=
span style=3D"color: #804f60;">] *)<=
/span>
     ptype_loc: Location.t;
    }

      

      


      
In this example we have to encode the entire parent node of the type declar=
ation as an extension point.

      


      
This means that it spreads in quite a few places, type_declaration can be found in structure_items, signature_items and inside some module_type nodes as well.

      


      
Given there's very little to no use for this syntax, we won't be providing =
any function to build or destruct such nodes initially.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Miou, a simple scheduler for OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-miou-a-simple-schedu=
ler-for-ocaml-5/12963/17

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am delighted to announce the release of Miou version 0.5.0. This release =
now uses poll(2)~/~ppoll(2) instead of select(3P)=
 in order to improve I/O management performance.

    


    
Since I/O management is decoupled from the scheduler, this does not change =
the Miou API or the miou.unix library.

    


    
I would particularly like to thank @backtracking for allowing us to integra=
te part of his bitv li=
brary under a different licence, as well as @haesbaert, the original author=
 of ocaml-iomux<=
/a>, for allowing us to use poll(2)~/~ppoll(2).

    


    
This has allowed us to go further, particularly with vif, our web framework for OCaml 5, and our web=
site builder-web h=
as been completely rewritten to move to OCaml 5 (thanks to @reynir and @yom=
imono who participated in this rewrite and provided important feedbacks).

    


    
This release comes with a new package, flux (still experimental), offering streaming abstractions t=
hat can be used with Miou. I would like to thank @rizo for his sketch streaming in this regard (pre-=
OCaml 5). This library takes advantage of the parallelism offered by Miou (=
with Miou.call) as well as resource management and finalisers =
(with Miou.Ownership). A tutorial is available here to create a ti=
ny curl with a loading bar.

    



    

    3D"fetch.gif"

    

    


    
Finally, we are continuing to lay the groundwork for the development of uni=
kernels with mkernel.=
 We are currently experimenting with three unikernels:

    



    
Finally, we would also like to thank everyone who has been involved in the =
development of Miou and its related ecosystem, whether directly or indirect=
ly.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    Cmarkit 0.4.0 - CommonMark parser and renderer for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cm=
arkit-0-4-0-commonmark-parser-and-renderer-for-ocaml/17435/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
Hello,=20

    


    
It's my pleasure to announce a new release of cmarkit, an ISC-licensed CommonMark parser and ren=
derer for OCaml.

    


    
This release provides support for the latest version of the CommonMark spec=
ification, updated data for Unicode 17.0.0, a notable semantic change in th=
e task item extension (thanks to @samoht) and a couple of bug fixes and imp=
rovements mostly in the CommonMark renderer.

    


    
All the details are in the release notes. Thanks to ev=
eryone who reported issues.=20

    


    
This release is brought to you by essential funding from the OCaml software foundation and my donors.

    




    
—

    


    
P.S. I'm surprised by the number of users (or rather, dissatisfied users :=
=E2=80=93) of the CommonMark renderer. If you are using it don't hesitate t=
o tell how/why you are using it in this thread, just curious :=E2=80=93)

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml library for Timeplus Proton timeseries streaming databas=
e
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/ann-ocaml-library-for-timeplus-proton-timeseries-streaming-database/1744=
0/1

    

    

    

    Michael Freeman announced
    

    

    
A high-performance, feature-rich OCaml driver for Timeplus Proton - the streaming database built on ClickHouse.

    

    

    

    Features
    

    

      

    • Streaming Queries - Process large datasets with constant memory =
usage
      • 

    • Async Inserts - High-throughput data ingestion with automatic ba=
tching
      • 

    • Compression - LZ4 and ZSTD support for reduced network overhead<=
/li>

    • TLS Security - Secure connections with certificate validation

    • Connection Pooling - Efficient resource management for high-conc=
urrency applications
      • 

    • Rich Data Types - Full support for ClickHouse types including Ar=
rays, Maps, Enums, DateTime64
      • 

    • Idiomatic OCaml - Functional API leveraging OCaml's strengths

    


    
https://gith=
ub.com/mfreeman451/proton-ocaml-driver

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Book draft: "Control structures in programming languages"
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/book-draft=
-control-structures-in-programming-languages/17443/1

    

    

    

    Xavier Leroy announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce that a draft of my upcoming book "Control structures=
 in programming languages: from goto to algebraic effects" is now available=
 at https://xavierle=
roy.org/control-structures .

    


    
The book compares several programming languages from the standpoint of cont=
rol structures.  OCaml is used intensively to discuss control in functional=
 programming, including continuation-passing style, control operators, exce=
ptions, user-defined effects and effect handlers, with many examples that I=
 hope you'll like.

    


    
The book also discusses in depth a number of questions that are often raise=
d in this forum, such as the theory and practice of algebraic effects and h=
andlers, and the static checking of exceptions and effects.

    


    
Enjoy!

    

    

    

    

    

    oplot 0.85 - mathematical plotter
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-oplot-0-85-mathematical-p=
lotter/17444/1

    

    

    

    sanette announced
    

    

    
Hello=20

    


    
I=E2=80=99m happy to announce a new version of oplot, a library for plotting mathematical functions, =
using openGL by default for fast rendering and animations, but also providi=
ng high quality vector graphics exports.

    


    
This version has a new feature that math lovers will appreciate: impl=
icit_curve plotting!

    


    
For instance do you want to know what the solutions to the equation (x=C2=
=B2+y=C2=B2-1)=C2=B3 - x=C2=B2 y=C2=B3 =3D 0 look like?

    


    
Here is the result:

    



    

    3D"00f=

    

    


    
If you already dug into the problem of plotting implicit curves you know th=
at it=E2=80=99s sometimes very difficult to localize in advance the various=
 singularities of the curve. oplot gives you 3 ways of tuning =
the computation: grid size, recursive grid size for subsampling where the c=
urvature of the curve seems high, and control over the iterations of the Ne=
wton method. There is also a pole detection, where the function changes sig=
n but probably still doesn=E2=80=99t have a zero there. You can obtain debu=
g information for any curve, for instance here you see the default paramete=
rs automatically detected for the above curve: initial grid (green) and sub=
sampling (cyan):

    



    

    3D"1ed=

    

    


    
oplot is available in opam, doc is here.

    

    

    

    

    

    QCheck 0.27
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-24/16198/4

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
QCheck 0.27 is now available from the opam repository :partying_face:

    


    
https://git=
hub.com/c-cube/qcheck/releases/tag/v0.27

    


    
The 0.27 release is focused on improving the float shrinking s=
upport and also contains a small patch to make the package compile with OxC=
aml:

    

      

    • Add QCheck.Shrink.float and enable shrinking for QCh=
eck.float
      • 

    • Add QCheck.Shrink.float_bound and enable shrinking for QCheck.float_bound_inclusive and QCheck.float_bound_exclusi=
ve
      • 

    • Add QCheck.Shrink.float_range and enable shrinking for QCheck.float_range
      • 

    • Enable shrinking for QCheck.{pos_float,neg_float,exponential}
      • 

    • Patch QCheck.Print.float and QCheck2.Print.float to print negative nans consistently as "-nan" also on Windows and macOS=
, and correct documentation for QCheck.{float,pos_float,neg_float} in that they may produce ~nan~s since #350 from 0.26
      • 

    • Eta-expand a couple of partial application to compile under OxCaml
      • 

    


    
Happy testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    

    

    Bytesrw 0.3.0 =E2=80=93 The cryptographic edition
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bytesrw-0-3-0-the=
-cryptographic-edition/17450/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
Hello,=20

    


    
It's my pleasure to announce a new release of the bytesrw set of ISC licensed libraries.

    


    

    
Bytesrw extends the OCaml Bytes module with composable, memory efficient,  =
byte stream readers and writers compatible with effect-based concurrency.

    


    
Optional support for compressed, hashed and encrypted bytes depend, at your=
 wish, on the C zlib, libzstd, blake3, libmd, xxhash and  mbedtls librar=
ies.

    

    


    
This release adds optional libraries to support for SHA-3 hash=
es, cryptographically secure pseudo-random bytes streams, TLS encrypted byt=
e stream and low-level support for cryptographic operations on slices:

    


      

    • Bytesrw_sysrandom provides pseudorandom byte s=
treams and entropy directly sourced from your operating system primitives.<=
/li>


    • Bytesrw_crypto.Psa provides low-level cryptog=
raphic operations on byte slices via thin and safe bindings to the TF-PSA-Crypto C library =
distributed with Mbed TLS. This library is an implementation of the PSA Crypto API Spec=
ification. Its design is particularly suited if you care about key mate=
riel not being seen by the OCaml GC (implementations also allow further deg=
rees of isolation as can be read in the API's design goals). Bes=
ides the API is nicely and thoroughly documented. It is quite bureaucratic =
to use but that's what you likely want from a cryptographic library (e.g. k=
ey usages have to be declared upfront and are checked at runtime by cryptog=
raphic operations).
      • 


    • Bytesrw_crypto (will) provides a few higher-level=
 operations implemented over PSA. The module is rather shallow at the momen=
t, more will be added in the future as we abstract over our usage of PSA Cr=
ypto. For now it mostly contains an API to access the hashes provided by PS=
A Crypto in the way other bytesrw hashing modules expose their=
 hashing service. This notably provides the SHA-3 family of ha=
shes which were not previously available in the set of optional bytes=
rw libraries.
      • 


    • Bytesrw_tls provides support for TLS encrypted strea=
ms and the needed X.509 certificate management (including system lookups fo=
r trusted CAs). The backend is provided by the Mbed TLS C library. For now these st=
reams are instantied over blocking fds, but this restriction will be lifted=
 in the future. I also added a little tool called certown whic=
h you may find handy for dealing with certificates for localhost when you d=
evelop servers.
      • 

    


    
Note that the binding to PSA cryptography has been used to implement a few =
things (e.g. the horrific passkeys specification) but has not run in produc=
tion yet. However the binding is pleasantly unsophisticated, the underlying=
 C API is straightforward to bind to.

    


    
See the release notes for details about other changes.

    


    
This release was made possible thanks to a grant from the OCaml software foundation and to my donors.

    




    
—

    


    
P.S. Libraries that depend on Mbed TLS need the recent 4.0.0 version which =
is quite fresh and may take a bit of time to trickle in system package mana=
gers. If you trust me you can use my
distribution cr=
utch opam repository to install it.

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 04 to 11, 20=
25.

    



    

    Opam-repository, signed! conex is in beta now :)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repository-signe=
d-conex-is-in-beta-now/17461/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
we=E2=80=99re proud to announce that conex, in an initial version, is now l=
ive! You can receive signed updates of the opam-repository. A quick guide:

    


    
To setup opam with conex on your machine, you need to install conex (and/or=
 conex-mirage-crypto, see below) - currently only available as opam package=
 (sorry about the bootstrap problem - hopefully it will be integrated into =
opam at some time).

    


    
Then, in your =E2=80=9C\~/.opam/config=E2=80=9D you need to specify the repository-validation-command:

    


    repository-validation-command: [
  "/path/to/conex_verify_mirage_crypto"
  "--quorum=3D%{quorum}%"
  "--trust-anchors=3D%{anchors}%"
  "--repository=3D%{repo}%" {incremental}
  "--dir=3D%{dir}%" {!incremental}
  "--patch=3D%{patch}%" {incremental}
  "--incremental" {incremental}
]

    


    
Instead of =E2=80=9Cconex_verify_mirage_crypto=E2=80=9D, you can as well us=
e =E2=80=9Cconex_verify_openssl=E2=80=9D (fewer dependencies, calls out to =
OpenSSL as the cryptographic provider, is slower).

    


    
Then you can run opam repo add conex-robur https://conex.robur.coop 1=
 sha256=3Dad5eb0e4a77abfbc6c1bb5661eba46049404e0222588dd059c87f12436d41a28<=
/code>. Thereafter you can opam repo remove default, and then =
you=E2=80=99re only using signed metadata. The =E2=80=9C1=E2=80=9D is the q=
uorum of root keys for signatures to be valid, the =E2=80=9Csha256=3Dad5eb0=
e4a77abfbc6c1bb5661eba46049404e0222588dd059c87f12436d41a28=E2=80=9D is the =
hash of the public root key.

    


    
Read the full article at https://hannes.robur.coop/Posts/ConexRunning =E2=80=93 happy to =
receive feedback.

    


    
The development of conex is supported by the OCaml Software Foundation and by ah=
refs.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Platform Newsletter: September to October 2025
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-platfor=
m-newsletter-september-to-october-2025/17462/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the sixteenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this September to October 2025 edition, we are excited to bring you the =
latest on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting rece=
nt developments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're head=
ed, especially regarding development workflows and user experience improvem=
ents, check out our roa=
dmap.

    


    
You can subscribe to this newsletter on LinkedIn!

    


    
Highlights:

    


      

    • OCaml 5.4.0 Released: Major stable release featuring labelled tu=
ples, immutable arrays, unified array literal syntax, atomic record fields,=
 and four new standard library modules
      • 

    • Security Response Team Established: New team formed to handle se=
curity vulnerabilities in the OCaml ecosystem
      • 

    • Enhanced Editor Support: OCaml-LSP 1.24.0 and Merlin 5.6 bring i=
mproved project navigation and performance optimizations
      • 

    • OCaml.org Reorganization: Clear separation between news about pr=
oduction-ready features and releases (OCaml Changelog) and ongoing work and=
 experimental features (Backstage OCaml)
      • 

    • Experimental Tools Progress: Gospel ecosystem tools ready for te=
sting, new ocaml.nvim plugin for Neovim users, and experimental Merlin bran=
ch using domains and effects
      • 

    


    
OCaml Changelog:

    




    
Backstage OCaml:

    




    
Stable Releases:

    




    
Unstable Releases:

    



    

    

    OCaml Compiler
    

    

    

      

    • OCaml 5.4.0 Stable Release
      

      

      
The October 9,=
 2025 release of OCaml 5.4.0 represents a major milestone with signific=
ant language enhancements. After two beta releases and a release candidate =
in September, the stable version delivers:

      


      
Language Features:

      


        

      • 
Labelled tuples: Enable better documentation and type safety with la=
bels on tuple fields

        


        

        let ( * ) (x,~dx) (y,~dx:dy) =3D x*.y, ~dx:(x *. dy +. y *. dx)

        

        • 


      • Immutable arrays ('a iarray): Covariant arrays for =
safer concurrent programming
        • 

      • Unified array literal syntax: [| ... |] now works f=
or 'a array, 'a iarray, and floatarray
        • 

      • Atomic record fields: New [@atomic] attribute with =
Atomic.Loc submodule for lock-free concurrent access
        • 

      


      
Standard Library Additions:

      


        

      • Pair: Utility functions for pairs
        • 

      • Pqueue: Priority queue implementation
        • 

      • Repr: Explicit functions for physical equality and compari=
son
        • 

      • Iarray: Operations on immutable arrays
        • 

      


      
Runtime Improvements:

      


        

      • Frame pointers support for ARM64 (Linux and macOS)
        • 

      • Performance fix for Apple Silicon (using stlr instead of <=
code>dmb ishld; str)
        • 

      • Software prefetching for ARM64, s390x, PPC64, and RISC-V
        • 

      • Restored "memory cleanup upon exit" mode
        • 

      


      
The Sept=
ember beta releases and release candidate demonstrated the maturity of the re=
lease, with only minor TSAN and metadata fixes needed.

      

      

      • 

    • WIP: Relocatable OCaml
      

      

      
Work on Relocatable OCaml is progressing toward inclusion in OCaml 5=
.5, with implementation PRs opened by David Allsopp in September. The chang=
es are undergoing review from Samuel Hym, Jonah Beckford, and others.

      


      
What Relocatable OCaml Enables:

      


      
This feature allows the OCaml compiler and its associated tools to be moved=
 to different filesystem locations after installation without breaking func=
tionality. Key benefits include:

      


        

      • Binary distributions that work regardless of installation path
        • 

      • Improved flexibility for package managers organizing OCaml installation=
s
        • 

      • Bundling of specific OCaml versions by developer tools without path con=
flicts
        • 

      • Simplified cross-platform distribution
        • 

      


      
Current Status:

      


      
The implementation is in active review with ongoing responses to feedback. =
The core development team is likely to review the changes at an upcoming me=
eting, targeting inclusion in OCaml 5.5.

      


      
For technical details about the implementation approach and its implication=
s for the ecosystem, see David Allsopp's blog post on Relocatable OCa=
ml and the associated Discuss thread.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Build System
    

    

    

      

    • Dune
      

      

      
Dune 3.20.2=
 (September 10, 2025) provides bug fixes and stability improvements for the=
 3.20 series.

      

      

        

      • Experimental: Dune Package Management
        

        

        
We keep exploring:

        


          

        • Portable External Dependencies: An approach for storing system p=
ackage dependencies in a platform-agnostic format, allowing projects to mai=
ntain a single specification that resolves correctly across Linux, macOS, a=
nd Windows environments, ensuring consistent builds regardless of platform-=
specific package naming and versioning differences.
          • 

        • Portable Lock Directories: Lock directories that work consistent=
ly across different operating systems and architectures, addressing the cur=
rent limitation where platform-specific dependency resolutions prevent team=
s from sharing lock files through version control in heterogeneous developm=
ent environments.
          • 

        • Lock Directories as Build Targets: Currently, the solver that co=
mes up with a set of compatible dependencies needs to be run by the user ex=
plicitely (using dune pkg lock), but in the future we intend t=
o create build plans implicitly via Dune build rules. This should make make=
 package management simpler to use as it requires fewer user actions and do=
es not require putting verbose lock directories into the project source dir=
ectories. This change also paves the way for automatic relocking when depen=
dencies change, including in watch mode.
          • 

        


        
These features remain under active development and should not be relied on =
in production. However, we encourage cautious adoption of Dune Package Mana=
gement itself for users comfortable with bleeding-edge tools that may still=
 change. Dune package management is available in the stable release of Dune=
, as an experimental feature.

        


        
Dune Maintained by: Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane Street), Nicol=
=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r (@nojb, LexiFi), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, T=
arides), Ali Caglayan (@Alizter, Tarides), Etienne Millon (@emillon), Steph=
en Sherratt (@gridbugs, Tarides), Antonio Nuno Monteiro (@anmonteiro), Etie=
nne Marais (@maiste)

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Package Management
    

    

    

      

    • opam-publish
      

      

      
We celebrate two releases of opam-publish: opam-publish 2.6.0 (Septem=
ber 19, 2025) and opam-publish 2.7.0 (October 7, 2025).

      


      
These releases make it easier to automate package publishing, particularly =
benefiting projects with continuous deployment pipelines.

      


      
Maintained by: Raja Boujbel (@rjbou, OCamlPro), Kate Deplaix (@kit-t=
y-kate, Ahrefs)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Editor Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Edit / (W19) Navigate Code

    

    

      

    • OCaml-LSP Server and Merlin
      

      

      
September and October saw significant updates to editor support:

      

      


      • 

    • ocp-indent
      

      

      
ocp-in=
dent 1.9.0 (October 1, 2025): Updates for OCaml 5.4.0 compatibility=
 and improved formatting rules.

      

      

      • 

    • Experimental: ocaml.nvim
      

      

      
Tarides announced ocaml.nvim, a new Neovim plugin for OCam=
l development. This experimental plugin serves as the Neovim counterpart to=
 ocaml-eglot, leveraging LSP for modern editor features.

      


      
OCaml LSP Server maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Taride=
s), Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane=
 Street)

      


      
Merlin maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier=
 Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Muluh Godson (@PizieDust, Tarides),

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Documentation and PPX Tools
    

    

    

      

    • Ppxlib
      

      

      
Ppxlib 0.=
36.2 (October 1, 2025): Compatibility updates for OCaml 5.4.0 and f=
ixes for AST handling.

      


      
Maintained by: Nathan Rebours (@NathanReb)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Gospel Ecosystem (Experimental)
    

    

    
The Gospel formal specification ecosystem now offers tools for experimental=
 specification-driven testing, as detailed in "Gospel Ecosystem: Tools Rea=
dy to Try, Language Evolving".

    


    
Available Tools:

    


      

    • Ortac/QCheck-STM generates property-based tests from Gospel spec=
ifications written in .mli files. The tool won the TACAS 2025 =
Best Tool Paper award and can automatically produce comprehensive test suit=
es from formal specifications. While the underlying Gospel language syntax =
may still change, the testing workflow is stable enough for experimental us=
e in development environments.
      • 

    


    
Current Status:

    


    
The tools work well for isolated modules where you can write specifications=
 and generate tests, but the Gospel language itself remains under active de=
velopment with potential breaking changes ahead. Teams using these tools sh=
ould be prepared to update specifications as the language evolves. This mak=
es the ecosystem suitable for greenfield projects, experimental codebases, =
or well-isolated components where specification changes won't cascade throu=
gh large systems.

    

    

    


    

    Community Events
    

    

    

      

    • FUN OCaml 2025
      

      

      
The FUN OCaml conference took place on September 15-16, 2025 in Wars=
aw, Poland, featuring talks on practical OCaml development, industry applic=
ations, and community projects. The FUN OCaml 2025 program and speaker lineup showcases the diverse ecosys=
tem of OCaml in production. Video recordings of all presentations will be a=
vailable soon for those who couldn't attend in person.

      

      

      • 

    • OCaml Workshop 2025
      

      

      
The OCaml Users and Developers Workshop was held on October 17, 2025=
 in Singapore, co-located with ICFP/SPLASH, bringing together researchers a=
nd practitioners. You can find the list of presentations and a link to the =
video recordings on the OCaml Workshop 2025 page on OCaml.org!

      


      
—

      


      
We're pleased to see the successful release of OCaml 5.4.0, marking a signi=
ficant milestone with labelled tuples, immutable arrays, and atomic fields.=
 The establishment of the Security Response Team and the reorganization of =
OCaml.org demonstrate the ecosystem's growing maturity.

      


      
The clear separation between stable releases and experimental work helps th=
e community make informed decisions about tool adoption. While experimental=
 features in the Dune Developer Preview, ocaml.nvim, and Gospel ecosystem s=
how promising directions, they remain in testing and should not be used in =
production.

      


      
As always, we encourage feedback and contributions from the community as we=
 continue to improve the OCaml Platform ecosystem.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Demonstration of the extension literals and constant rewriting=
 features
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/demonstration-of-the-extension-literals-and-constant-rewriting-featu=
res/17466/1

    

    

    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Yo! :yoyo: :waving_hand:=20

    


    
I started learning the beautiful ppxlib library and found interesting information in their documen=
tation about OCaml's syntax features, such as extension literals - the abil=
ity to append a one-letter identifier to numeric literals. I was surprised =
at how easy it was to do this.

    


    
Because I was inspired by this, I wrote a demonstration project (located in=
 my GitHub repository) to show how to use it to implement metric system support in code.

    


    

    utop # 5m;;=20
- : Metric.Meter.=
t =3D 5

utop # Metric.Meter.(1m + 10m);;
- : Metric.Meter.=
t =3D 11

    

    


    
References:

    
    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 11 to 18,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

opam 2.5.0~beta1
Announcing the first release of Alice, a radical OCaml build system
First release of ppx_deriving_jsont
crypt 2.0 - unix crypt function
Artisanal Coding Is Dead, Long Live Artisanal Coding!
Moonpool 0.10, and a blogpost about Moonpool at Imandra
libdrm - OCaml bindings for Linux mode setting, etc
New release of visitors
MirageOS on Unikraft
Old CWN


opam 2.5.0~beta1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  We are happy to announce the first beta release of opam 2.5.0.

  This version is a beta, we invite users to test it to spot previously
  unnoticed bugs as we head towards the stable release.


Changes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 :red_apple: Allow the macOS sandbox to write in the `/var/folde=
rs/'
    and `/var/db/mds/' directories as it is required by some of macOS
    core tools ([#4389], [#6460])

  =E2=80=A2 Stop `opam switch create --dry-run' from creating any
    directory. *Thanks to @hannes for this contribution.* ([#5918])

  =E2=80=A2 :ocean: A couple more changes were made and minor regressions w=
ere
    fixed


  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information about
  these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a look
  at the [release note] or the [changelog].


[#4389] 

[#6460] 

[#5918] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.5.0~beta1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.5.0~beta1"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Please report any issues to the [bug-tracker].

  Happy hacking, <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[bug-tracker] 


Announcing the first release of Alice, a radical OCaml build system
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90

  Archive:
  


Steve Sherratt announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the initial release of [Alice], a radical,
  experimental OCaml build system, package manager, and environment
  manager for [Windows], macOS, and Linux. Its goal is to allow anyone
  to program in OCaml with as little friction as possible.

  To build your first program with Alice, run:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ alice tools install   # Skip this if you already have an OCam=
l compiler!
  =E2=94=82 $ alice new hello
  =E2=94=82 $ cd hello
  =E2=94=82 $ alice run
  =E2=94=82  Compiling hello v0.1.0
  =E2=94=82    Running hello/build/packages/hello-0.1.0/debug/executable/he=
llo
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Hello, World!
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The UI is heavily inspired by Cargo.

  An important distinction between Alice's and Opam's packaging
  philosophies is that in Alice, _the OCaml compiler and development
  tools are not packages_. The `alice tools install' command will
  install a pre-compiled ([relocatable!]) OCaml compiler, a compatible
  `ocamllsp', and `ocamlformat' user-wide, similar to how `rustup'
  installs the Rust compiler and LSP server. This lets you go from zero
  to OCaml really fast because you don't have to build the compiler from
  source. This speedup is particularly noticeable on Windows where
  building the compiler can take upwards of 10 minutes.

  Alice supports building packages with dependencies on other packages,
  but currently only local packages are supported, and it can only build
  _Alice_ packages, not Opam packages. See an example [here]. I'll
  probably add Opam compatibility in the future.

  It's still early days and [a lot] is missing before Alice could
  feasibly be used for real projects.

  If you want to try it out anyway, install the `alice' Opam package,
  the `github:alicecaml/alice' Nix flake, or run the interactive install
  script:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 curl -fsSL https://alicecaml.org/install.sh | sh
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  More details about installing Alice are [here].

  If you want read more, check out the [blog].


[Alice] 

[Windows] 

[relocatable!] 

[here] 

[a lot]


[here] 

[blog] 


First release of ppx_deriving_jsont
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


vds announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I am happy to announce the first release of [`ppx_deriving_jsont'].

  As the name implies, it is a tool that automates some of the burden
  inherent to writing Jsont descriptions. [Jsont] is a fairly novel
  library for declarative JSON data manipulation, created by @dbuenzli.

  This ppx can manage most of the basic types, tuples, variants and
  records, but still lacks a lot of features and control. It is also
  quite bad at error reporting. The current roadmap, which highlights
  existing and missing features can be found in [the project=E2=80=99s read=
me]
  along with many examples. I focused on generating readable and
  reusable code, close to the [cookbook] illustrations.

  Note that Jsont offers much finer control and many more features than
  what that you can achieve using this crude ppx. Please take some time
  to read about all of its intricacies:

  =E2=80=A2 In the official [documentation] and [cookbook]
  =E2=80=A2 In Daniel=E2=80=99s [introductory post] here on discuss.

  When precision and good error handling are required, such as when
  interacting with external json sources, thoughtfully crafted
  descriptions should still be considered. But I do believe this ppx to
  be very useful for bootstrapping, prototyping or when both the
  encoders and decoders are entirely under the app=E2=80=99s control. I wro=
te it
  to that intent and already use it in several personal projects. I hope
  you will find it useful too! (and not too non-sensical
  :slightly_smiling_face:)


[`ppx_deriving_jsont'] 

[Jsont] 

[the project=E2=80=99s readme]


[cookbook] 

[documentation] 

[introductory post]



crypt 2.0 - unix crypt function
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mikhail announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Hi there!

  I'm happy to announce the release of a new major version (i.e., 2.0)
  of the [crypt] library (bindings to the [Unix
  crypt]() function). The
  previous version, 1.3, was outdated, since the last commit was six
  years ago. This version does not support correct compilation on
  various Unix platforms (Linux, FreeBSD, macOS), and uses deprecated
  tools. However, the new version addresses these issues: it supports
  Linux, FreeBSD and macOS, uses modern tools, has safe C stubs,
  provides excellent documentation, and features an idiomatic high-level
  wrapper.


[crypt] 

Installation
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  by OPAM package manager:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install crypt.2.0=20=20
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Example of usage
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # #require "crypt";;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Crypt.crypt ~salt:"GUBv0xjJ" "hello";;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "GUpsIDCLVu8AY"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Crypt.crypt ~derivation:Md5 ~salt:"GUBv0xjJ" "hello";;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "$1$GUBv0xjJ$rQSvX8r6cT7H/NItzzVNQ/"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  If you don't provide any salt, a new salt will be generated every time
  the function is called.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # Crypt.crypt "hello";;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "QwD.wi5nLT/0s"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Crypt.crypt "hello";;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "MYM.5hv5Lk2Mg"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  But for a deterministic generation, you should use one salt that you
  can generate using the `Crypt.Salt' module or another external module.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # let salt =3D Crypt.Salt.gen_base64 9;;
  =E2=94=82 val salt : string =3D "dHiPl3q99"
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Crypt.crypt ~salt "hello";;
  =E2=94=82 - : string =3D "dHDdeFGUWcGyQ"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


P.S.
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Project that uses `crypt':
  =E2=80=A2 Recently I wrote [toy implementation of `login' utility written=
 in
    OCaml]


[toy implementation of `login' utility written in OCaml]



Artisanal Coding Is Dead, Long Live Artisanal Coding!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Joel Reymont announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I wrote [a blog post] about adding command history browsing and
  editing, as well as tab completion, to `ocamldebug', without typing a
  single line of code. I challenge you to review the PR for fun and to
  try to find holes in it!

  I=E2=80=99m going to add DWARF debugging information to OCaml next. I thi=
nk
  it=E2=80=99s [almost ready to go] but needs double and triple
  checking. Commits look like this

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Date:   Thu Nov 13 14:55:24 2025 +0200
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Add DWARF tests for basic functionality
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Add minimal tests to verify DWARF emission works correctly with=
 -g flag.
  =E2=94=82 Tests compile OCaml programs with debugging enabled and verify =
correct
  =E2=94=82 execution.
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  and

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Date:   Thu Nov 13 14:54:30 2025 +0200
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Implement DWARF v4 debugging support for OCaml
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Add complete DWARF version 4 debugging information generation f=
or OCaml
  =E2=94=82 native code. The implementation generates debug info for functi=
ons, types,
  =E2=94=82 and line numbers, enabling debugger support for OCaml programs.
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Key components:
  =E2=94=82 - Low-level DWARF primitives (tags, attributes, forms, encoding=
s)
  =E2=94=82 - Debug Information Entries (DIE) construction
  =E2=94=82 - Line number program generation
  =E2=94=82 - String table management with offset tracking
  =E2=94=82 - Code address tracking and relocation
  =E2=94=82 - Integration with OCaml compilation pipeline
  =E2=94=82 - Configuration flags to enable/disable DWARF emission
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 The implementation follows the DWARF 4 specification and genera=
tes
  =E2=94=82 valid debug sections (.debug_info, .debug_line, .debug_str, .de=
bug_abbrev)
  =E2=94=82 that can be consumed by standard debuggers like gdb and lldb.
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


[a blog post]


[almost ready to go]



Moonpool 0.10, and a blogpost about Moonpool at Imandra
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Good morning,

  A couple of news about Moonpool. Moonpool is a concurrency and
  parallelism library that provides a `Runner.t' abstraction,
  implemented mostly by thread pools, as a way to run lightweight tasks
  possibly on multiple cores.

  First, I just wrote a blog post about [our use of Moonpool] at
  Imandra. The post discusses our experience with using Moonpool and
  some lessons learned over time.

  Secondly, Moonpool 0.10 was just released. It contains a few bugfixes,
  and removes some deprecated modules. It also removes `moonpool.fib'
  (fibers with structured concurrency) as they have turned out, over the
  years, to be somewhat hard to use properly (they assume the existence
  of a parent fiber, making code highly context-dependent). Lightweight
  thread-safe futures (based on Picos') with per-future local-storage
  are still there and serve mostly the same purpose. The release and
  change notes can be found [here].


[our use of Moonpool]


[here] 


libdrm - OCaml bindings for Linux mode setting, etc
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thomas Leonard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the first release of [libdrm-ocaml] (OCaml
  bindings for the libdrm C library).

  libdrm is used by applications such as Wayland compositors to control
  the physical graphics hardware.

  For example, you can use the library to enumerate graphics devices:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 utop # Drm.Device.list ();;
  =E2=94=82 - : Drm.Device.Info.t list =3D
  =E2=94=82 [{primary_node =3D Some "/dev/dri/card0";
  =E2=94=82   render_node =3D Some "/dev/dri/renderD128";
  =E2=94=82   info =3D PCI {bus =3D {domain =3D 0; bus =3D 1; dev =3D 0; fu=
nc =3D 0};
  =E2=94=82               dev =3D {vendor_id =3D 0x1002;
  =E2=94=82                      device_id =3D 0x67ff;
  =E2=94=82                      subvendor_id =3D 0x1458;
  =E2=94=82                      subdevice_id =3D 0x230b;
  =E2=94=82                      revision_id =3D 0xff}}}]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 utop # let dev =3D Unix.openfile "/dev/dri/card0" [O_CLOEXEC; O=
_RDWR] 0;;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 utop # Drm.Device.Version.get dev;;
  =E2=94=82 - : Drm.Device.Version.t =3D
  =E2=94=82 {version =3D 3.61.0; name =3D "amdgpu"; date =3D "0"; desc =3D =
"AMD GPU"}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here's an excerpt configuring a hardware plane to present a
  framebuffer on a CRT controller:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.fb_id } <- Some fb;
  =E2=94=82 (* Source region on frame-buffer: *)
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.src_x } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int 0;
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.src_y } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int 0;
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.src_w } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int (fst size);
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.src_h } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int (snd size);
  =E2=94=82 (* Destination region on CRTC: *)
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_x } <- 0;
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_y } <- 0;
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_w } <- fst size;
  =E2=94=82 plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_h } <- snd size;
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  For a proper tutorial, see [Linux mode setting, from the comfort of
  OCaml].


[libdrm-ocaml] 

[Linux mode setting, from the comfort of OCaml]



New release of visitors
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce a new release of `visitors', a tool that
  automatically generates visitor classes for algebraic data types.

  The new features of this release are as follows:

  =E2=80=A2 `visitors' now decorates every generated method with a type
    annotation. This can help understand the generated code. More
    importantly, this enables type-directed disambiguation, so
    `visitors' now supports situations where two distinct types have a
    field or a data constructor by the same name. (Reported by Guillaume
    Boisseau. Contributed by Sacha =C3=89lie-Ayoun.)

  =E2=80=A2 Install a new executable command, `visitors_preprocess', to
    preprocess an OCaml source file and see the result.

  =E2=80=A2 Update `Makefile.preprocess' to use `visitors_preprocess'.

  =E2=80=A2 Require `ppxlib' version 0.37.0 or newer.


MirageOS on Unikraft
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, shym announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Just a short update to let you know that OCaml/Unikraft 1.1.0 [has
  been released] with support for OCaml 5.4 and Unikraft 0.20.0.

  Happy hacking!


[has been released]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 11 to 18, 20=
25.

    



    

    opam 2.5.0~beta1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-5-0-beta1/17469/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy to announce the first beta release of opam 2.5.0.

    


    
This version is a beta, we invite users to test it to spot previously unnot=
iced bugs as we head towards the stable release.

    

    

    

    Changes
    

    

      

    • :red_apple: Allow the macOS sandbox to write in the /var/folders/=
 and /var/db/mds/ directories as it is required by some=
 of macOS core tools (#4389, #6460=
)
      • 


    • Stop opam switch create --dry-run from creating any direct=
ory. Thanks to @hannes for this contribution. (#5918)
      • 


    • :ocean: A couple more changes were made and minor regressions were fixe=
d
      • 

    



    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and more=
, and for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    


    

    

    

    Announcing the first release of Alice, a radical OCaml build s=
ystem
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/announcing-the-first-release-of-alice-a-radical-ocaml-build-system/17472/=
1

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the initial release of Alice, a radical, experimental OCaml build s=
ystem, package manager, and environment manager for Windows, macOS, and Linux. Its=
 goal is to allow anyone to program in OCaml with as little friction as pos=
sible.

    


    
To build your first program with Alice, run:

    

    $ alice tools install   # Skip this if you already have an OCaml compiler!
$ alice new hello
$ cd hello
$ alice run
 Compiling hello v0.1.0
   Running hello/build/packages/hello-0.1.0/debug/executable/hello

Hello, World!

    


    
The UI is heavily inspired by Cargo.

    


    
An important distinction between Alice's and Opam's packaging philosophies =
is that in Alice, the OCaml compiler and developm=
ent tools are not packages. The alice tools install com=
mand will install a pre-compiled (relocatable!) OCaml compiler, a compatible ocaml=
lsp, and ocamlformat user-wide, similar to how ru=
stup installs the Rust compiler and LSP server. This lets you go fro=
m zero to OCaml really fast because you don't have to build the compiler fr=
om source. This speedup is particularly noticeable on Windows where buildin=
g the compiler can take upwards of 10 minutes.

    


    
Alice supports building packages with dependencies on other packages, but c=
urrently only local packages are supported, and it can only build Alice packages, not Opam packages. See an example <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/alicecaml/alice?tab=3Dreadme-ov-file#tutorial"=
>here. I'll probably add Opam compatibility in the future.

    


    
It's still early days and a lot is missing before Alice could feas=
ibly be used for real projects.

    


    
If you want to try it out anyway, install the alice Opam packa=
ge, the github:alicecaml/alice Nix flake, or run the interacti=
ve install script:

    

    curl -fsSL https://alicecaml.org/install.sh | sh

    

    
More details about installing Alice are here.

    


    
If you want read more, check out the blog.

    

    

    

    

    

    First release of ppx_deriving_jsont
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-first-release-of-ppx-=
deriving-jsont/17478/1

    

    

    

    vds announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce the first release of ppx_deriving_jsont.

    


    
As the name implies, it is a tool that automates some of the burden inheren=
t to writing Jsont descriptions. Jsont is a fairly novel library for declarative JSON data manipul=
ation, created by @dbuenzli.

    


    
This ppx can manage most of the basic types, tuples, variants and records, =
but still lacks a lot of features and control. It is also quite bad at erro=
r reporting. The current roadmap, which highlights existing and missing fea=
tures can be found in the project=E2=80=99s readme a=
long with many examples. I focused on generating readable and reusable code=
, close to the cookbook illustrations.

    


    
Note that Jsont offers much finer control and many more features than what =
that you can achieve using this crude ppx. Please take some time to read ab=
out all of its intricacies:

    




    
When precision and good error handling are required, such as when interacti=
ng with external json sources, thoughtfully crafted descriptions should sti=
ll be considered. But I do believe this ppx to be very useful for bootstrap=
ping, prototyping or when both the encoders and decoders are entirely under=
 the app=E2=80=99s control. I wrote it to that intent and already use it in=
 several personal projects. I hope you will find it useful too! (and not to=
o non-sensical :slightly_smiling_face:)

    

    

    

    

    

    crypt 2.0 - unix crypt function
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-crypt-2-0-unix-crypt-functi=
on/17485/1

    

    

    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Hi there!

    


    
I'm happy to announce the release of a new major version (i.e., 2.0) of the=
 crypt library (bind=
ings to the [Unix crypt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypt_(Unix)) function). The previou=
s version, 1.3, was outdated, since the last commit was six years ago. This=
 version does not support correct compilation on various Unix platforms (Li=
nux, FreeBSD, macOS), and uses deprecated tools. However, the new version a=
ddresses these issues: it supports Linux, FreeBSD and macOS, uses modern to=
ols, has safe C stubs, provides excellent documentation, and features an id=
iomatic high-level wrapper.

    

    

    

    Installation
    

    

    
by OPAM package manager:

    

    $ opam install crypt.2.0=20=20

    

    

    

    

    Example of usage
    

    

    

    # #require "crypt";;

# Crypt.crypt ~salt:"GUBv0xjJ" "hello"=
;;
- : string =3D "GUpsIDCLVu8AY"

# Crypt.crypt ~derivation:Md5 ~salt:"GUBv0xjJ" <=
span style=3D"color: #ca3400;">"hello""$1$GUBv0xjJ$rQSvX8r6cT7H/NI=
tzzVNQ/"

    

    

    
If you don't provide any salt, a new salt will be generated every time the =
function is called.

    

    

    # Crypt.crypt "hello";;
- : string =3D "QwD.wi5nLT/0s"

# Crypt.crypt "hello"=
;;
- : string =3D "MYM.5hv5Lk2Mg"

    

    

    
But for a deterministic generation, you should use one salt that you can ge=
nerate using the Crypt.Salt module or another external module.

    

    

    # let salt =3D Crypt.Salt.gen_base6=
4 9;;
val salt : string =3D "dHiPl3q99"

# Crypt.crypt ~sa=
lt "hello";;
- : string =3D "dHDdeFGUWcGyQ"

    

    

    

    

    

    P.S.
    

    

    
Project that uses crypt:

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Artisanal Coding Is Dead, Long Live Artisanal Coding!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/artisanal-cod=
ing-is-dead-long-live-artisanal-coding/17487/1

    

    

    

    Joel Reymont announced
    

    

    
I wrote a blog post about adding command history browsing and edit=
ing, as well as tab completion, to ocamldebug, without typing =
a single line of code. I challenge you to review the PR for fun and to try =
to find holes in it!

    


    
I=E2=80=99m going to add DWARF debugging information to OCaml next. I think=
 it=E2=80=99s almost ready to go but needs double and triple checking. Com=
mits look like this

    


    Date:   Thu Nov 13 14:55:24 2025 +0200


Add DWARF tests for basic functionality

Add minimal tests to verify DWARF emission works correctly with -g flag.
Tests compile OCaml programs with debugging enabled and verify correct
execution.

    


    
and

    


    Date:   Thu Nov 13 14:54:30 2025 +0200

Implement DWARF v4 debugging support for OCaml

Add complete DWARF version 4 debugging information generation for OCaml
native code. The implementation generates debug info for functions, types,
and line numbers, enabling debugger support for OCaml programs.

Key components:
- Low-level DWARF primitives (tags, attributes, forms, encodings)
- Debug Information Entries (DIE) construction
- Line number program generation
- String table management with offset tracking
- Code address tracking and relocation
- Integration with OCaml compilation pipeline
- Configuration flags to enable/disable DWARF emission

The implementation follows the DWARF 4 specification and generates
valid debug sections (.debug_info, .debug_line, .debug_str, .debug_abbrev)
that can be consumed by standard debuggers like gdb and lldb.

    

    

    

    

    

    Moonpool 0.10, and a blogpost about Moonpool at Imandra
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mo=
onpool-0-10-and-a-blogpost-about-moonpool-at-imandra/17493/1

    

    

    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Good morning,

    


    
A couple of news about Moonpool. Moonpool is a concurrency and parallelism =
library that provides a Runner.t abstraction, implemented most=
ly by thread pools, as a way to run lightweight tasks possibly on multiple =
cores.

    


    
First, I just wrote a blog post about our use of Moonpool=
 at Imandra. The post discusses our experience with using Moonpool and =
some lessons learned over time.

    


    
Secondly, Moonpool 0.10 was just released. It contains a few bugfixes, and =
removes some deprecated modules. It also removes moonpool.fib =
(fibers with structured concurrency) as they have turned out, over the year=
s, to be somewhat hard to use properly (they assume the existence of a pare=
nt fiber, making code highly context-dependent). Lightweight thread-safe fu=
tures (based on Picos') with per-future local-storage are still there and s=
erve mostly the same purpose. The release and change notes can be found here.

    

    

    

    

    

    libdrm - OCaml bindings for Linux mode setting, etc
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-libdrm-o=
caml-bindings-for-linux-mode-setting-etc/17497/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Leonard announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the first release of libdrm-ocaml (OCaml bindings for the libdrm C libr=
ary).

    


    
libdrm is used by applications such as Wayland compositors to control the p=
hysical graphics hardware.

    


    
For example, you can use the library to enumerate graphics devices:

    


    

    utop # Drm.Device.list ()=
;;
- : Drm.Device.Info.t list =3D
[{primary_node =3D Some "/dev/dri/card0";
  render_node =3D Some "/dev/dri/renderD128";
  info =3D PCI {bus =3D {domain =3D =
0; bus =3D 1; dev =3D 0; func =3D 0};
              dev =3D {vendor_id =3D 0x1002;
                     device_id =3D 0x67ff;
                     subvendor_id =3D 0x1458;
                     subdevice_id =3D 0x230b;
                     revision_id =3D 0xff}}}]

utop # let dev =3D Unix.openfile "/dev=
/dri/card0" [O_CLOEXEC; O_RDWR] 0=
;;

utop # Drm.Device.Versio=
n.get dev;;
- : Drm.Device.Version.<=
/span>t =3D
{version =3D 3.61.0; name =3D "amdgpu"; date =3D "0"; desc =3D "AMD GPU"}

    

    


    
Here's an excerpt configuring a hardware plane to present a framebuffer on =
a CRT controller:

    


    

    plane.%<=
/span>{ K.Plane.f=
b_id } <- Some fb;
(* Source region on frame-buffer: *)
plane.%{ K.Plane.src_x } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int 0;
plane.%{ K.Plane.src_y } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int 0;
plane.%{ K.Plane.src_w } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int (fst size);
plane.%{ K.Plane.src_h } <- Drm.Ufixed.of_int (snd size);
(* Destination region on CRTC:=
 *)
plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_x } <- 0;
plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_y } <- 0;
plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_w } <- fst size;
plane.%{ K.Plane.crtc_h } <- snd size;

    

    


    
For a proper tutorial, see Linux mode setting, from the comfort of OCaml.

    

    

    

    


    

    MirageOS on Unikraft
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mirageos-on-unikraft/16975/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, shym announced
    

    

    
Just a short update to let you know that OCaml/Unikraft 1.1.0 has been released wi=
th support for OCaml 5.4 and Unikraft 0.20.0.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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Date: Tue, 25 Nov 2025 14:49:27 +0100
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 18 to 25, 20=
25.

    



    

    Tapak: Experimental Web Framework Based on EIO
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tapak-exper=
imental-web-framework-based-on-eio/17507/1

    

    

    

    Syaiful Bahri announced
    

    

    
Hello! I am a newcomer to the OCaml community, and this is my first post.

    


    
I would like to share an experimental web framework I have been working on,=
 based on Eio. I am a happy user of Dream and Opium, but I felt there was s=
till room for improvement.

    


    
I=E2=80=99ve shared my motivation here: https://www.sbahri.com/projects/tapak/

    


    
I would love to hear your suggestions and opinions regarding the API. What =
important features do you feel are missing in existing libraries? Personall=
y, I miss the type-safe routing that Servant offers, as well as the Phoenix=
 real-time API.

    

    

    

    

    

    FUN OCaml is live on YouTube and Twitch
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/fun-ocaml-is-live-on-yout=
ube-and-twitch/17254/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
After hiding the original live stream recording, and starting to publish th=
e talk recordings individually on the YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@FUNOCaml, we're al=
most done listing all the talks!

    


    
https://yout=
u.be/0Hwd7NxQ8_c?si=3DPkrJtJXPYS1kSAyg

    

    

    

    

    

    Native debugging on macOS (DWARF support)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/native-debugging-on-macos=
-dwarf-support/17509/1

    

    

    

    Joel Reymont announced
    

    

    
With DWARF v5 support, the compiler now includes proper debug info =E2=80=
=94 line mappings, symbols, and variable names =E2=80=94 so LLDB can actual=
ly follow your code.

    


    
A small LLDB Python plug-in reads OCaml values at runtime and prints them i=
n a readable form: lists, tuples, closures, strings, etc. It follows DWARF =
location lists to track where each variable lives and uses the runtime head=
ers to decode them. The p and ocaml_vars commands=
 work like normal LLDB commands but understand OCaml values.

    


    
It=E2=80=99s not complete yet (records and variants still show as tuples), =
but it makes debugging native OCaml code straightforward. You can finally s=
et breakpoints by source, inspect locals, and understand what=E2=80=99s in =
memory without switching to disassembly.

    


    
https://joel=
.id/native-binary-debugging-for-ocaml/

    

    

    

    

    

    Package Hygiene in Alice
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/package-hygiene-in-alice/17513/1

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
https:=
//www.alicecaml.org/blog/package-hygiene-in-alice/

    


    
Alice is an OCaml build system and package manager I'm developing in my spa=
re time. This post is about Alice's packaging protocol and how it enforces =
hygiene while building packages.

    

    

    

    

    

    crypt 2.0 - unix crypt function
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-crypt-2-0-unix-crypt-functi=
on/17485/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Minor update: crypt 2.1.

    


    
We have added a mutex for the POSIX crypt function and a platform-dependent=
 implementation of crypt, i.e., crypt_r for Linux and FreeBSD. We have also=
 added the Ffi module for accessing native platform bindings.

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.5.0~rc1 and opam-publish 2.7.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-5-0-rc1-opam-pub=
lish-2-7-1/17515/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy to announce the first release candidate of opam 2.5.0, which boasts a grand total of zero (0) changes compared to 2.5.=
0~beta1!

    


    
We also take this opportunity to announce the release of opam-publish 2.7.1, whose full release notes can be seen here.

    

    

    

    Changes in opam-publish 2.7.1
    

    

    
In 2.7.0, opam-publish changed the way user's branches are pus=
hed to their GitHub forks before opening a PR, switching from using SSH key=
s to using the GitHub API token that opam-publish already requires.

    


    
2.7.1 fixes a couple of bugs related to that where opam-publis=
h stopped working if the GitHub Action workflow files of upstream opam-repo=
sitory are changed, owing to the way GitHub token permissions work.
Thanks to @filipeom both for=
 the original contribution in 2.7.0 and for subsequent work on=
 it in 2.7.1.

    


    
Read our bl=
og post for more details.

    


    
Please report any issues to the opam bug-tracker or the opam-publish bug-tracker.

    

    

    

    

    Try the new opam 2.5.0 release candidate:
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
5.0~rc1"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.5.0~rc1"

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-protoc 4.0, pbrt 4.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-protoc-4-0-pbrt-4-0/17524=
/1

    

    

    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Dear caml riders, I'm happy to announce the release of ocaml-protoc 4.0, alongside its runtim=
e libraries pbrt, pbrt_yojson, and pbrt_ser=
vices.

    


    
Ocaml-protoc is a pure OCaml implementation of a protobuf compiler and runtime. Protobuf is a binary serialization format and=
 IDL (interface description language) first introduced by Google in the ear=
ly 00s, and still in pervasive use there and elsewhere. It is faster (to en=
code/decode) and more compact than JSON, and is designed for backward compa=
tibility on the wire.

    


    
Anyway, this new major release is breaking because it finally follow=
s the standard's semantics about field presence. By default, many fields in protobuf are somewhat optional[^1] and are n=
ot serialized at all if not present. Ocaml-protoc now tracks this for every=
 non-required field, even scalars, moving towards better compliance with th=
e standard. It does that either via option or via a presence b=
itfield. Because of this, the generated code has changed significantly and =
looks more like what the official protoc produces.

    


    
In a nutshell, each protobuf message now becomes a private record type with=
 mutable fields and a presence bitfield. All modification and creation for =
a type foo is done via  make_foo and foo_se=
t_<field> functions; presence can be checked with foo_ha=
s_<field>. This means the runtime knows which fields have been=
 explicitly modified.

    


    
I don't think ocaml-protoc is 100% compliant with the fine print on default=
 values in proto3, etc. but this is a lot closer than it used to be. Thanks=
 to the work of @lupus there's als=
o a new option validation layer.

    

    

    

    detailed example
    

    

    
Let's look at this simple example:

    

    syntax =3D "proto3";

message Person {
  string name =3D 1;
  sint64 age =3D 2;
}

message Store {
  string address =3D 1;
  repeated Person employees =3D 2;
  repeated Person clients =3D 3;
}

message Company {
  string name =3D 1;
  repeated Store stores =3D 2;
  repeated Company subsidiaries =3D 3;
}

    


    

    (* g=
enerated from "orgchart.proto", do not edit *)

(** {2 Types}type person =3D {
  name : string;
  age : int64;
}

type store =3D {
  address : string;
  employees : person list;
  clients : person list;
}

type company =3D {
  name : string;
  stores : store list;
  subsidiaries : company list;
}


(** {2 Basic values} *)

val default_person :=20
  ?name:string -&=
gt;
  ?age:int64 ->
  unit ->
  person
(** [default_person ()] is the default value for type [person] *)

val default_store :=20
  ?address:string=
 ->
  ?employees:pers=
on list ->
  ?clients:person=
 list ->
  unit ->
  store
(** [default_store ()] is the default value for type [store] *)

val default_company :=20
  ?name:string -&=
gt;
  ?stores:store l=
ist ->
  ?subsidiaries:c=
ompany list ->
  unit ->
  company
(** [default_company ()] is the default value for type [company] *)


(** {2 Formatters} *)

val pp_person : Format.formatter -> person -> unit=20
(** [pp_person v] formats v *)

val pp_store : Format.formatter -> store -> unit=20
(** [pp_store v] formats v *)

val pp_company : Format.formatter -> company -> unit=20
(** [pp_company v] formats v *)


(** {2 Protobuf Encoding} *)

val encode_pb_person : person -> Pbrt.Encoder.t -> unit
(** [encode_pb_person v encoder=
] encodes [v] with the given [encoder] *)

val encode_pb_store : store -> Pbrt.Encoder.t -> unit
(** [encode_pb_store v encoder<=
span style=3D"color: #804f60; font-style: italic;">] encodes [v]=
 with the given =
[encoder]=
 *)

val encode_pb_company : company -> Pbrt.Encoder.t -> unit
(** [encode_pb_company v encode=
r] encodes [v]] *)


(** {2 Protobuf Decoding} *)

val decode_pb_person : Pbrt.Decoder.t -> person
(** [decode_pb_person decoder] decodes a [person] binary value from [decoder] *)

val decode_pb_store : Pbrt.Decoder.t -> store
(** [decode_pb_store decoder] decodes a [store] binary value from [decoder]=
 *)

val decode_pb_company : Pbrt.Decoder.t -> company
(** [decode_pb_company decoder<=
span style=3D"color: #804f60; font-style: italic;">] decodes a [company] binary value from [decoder] *)
```

new code:

```ocaml

(** Code for orgchart.p=
roto *)

(* generated from "orgchart.proto", d=
o not edit *)



(** {2 Types}type person =3D private {
  mutable _presen=
ce: Pbrt.Bitfield.t; (** presence for 2 =
fields *)
  mutable name : =
string;
  mutable age : i=
nt64;
}

type store =3D private {
  mutable _presen=
ce: Pbrt.Bitfield.t; (** presence for 1 =
fields *)
  mutable address=
 : string;
  mutable employe=
es : person list;
  mutable clients=
 : person list;
}

type company =3D private {
  mutable _presen=
ce: Pbrt.Bitfield.t; (** presence for 1 =
fields *)
  mutable name : =
string;
  mutable stores =
: store list;
  mutable subsidi=
aries : company list;
}


(** {2 Basic values} *)

val default_person : unit -> person=20
(** [default_person ()] is a new empty value for type [person] *)

val default_store : unit -> store=20
(** [default_store ()] is a new empty value for type [store] *)

val default_company : unit -> company=20
(** [default_company ()] is a new empty value for type [company] *)


(** {2 Make functions} *)

val make_person :=20
  ?name:string -&=
gt;
  ?age:int64 ->
  unit ->
  person
(** [make_person … ()] is a builder for type [person] *)

val copy_person : person -> person

val person_has_name : person -> bool
  (** presence of field=
 "name" in [person] *)

val person_set_name : person -> string -> unit
  (** set field name in=
 person *)

val person_has_age : person -> bool
  (** presence of field=
 "age" in [person] *)

val person_set_age : person -> int64 -> unit
  (** set field age in =
person *)

val make_store :=20
  ?address:string=
 ->
  ?employees:pers=
on list ->
  ?clients:person=
 list ->
  unit ->
  store
(** [make_store … ()] is a builder for type [store] *)

val copy_store : store -> store

val store_has_address : store -> bool
  (** presence of field=
 "address" in [<=
/span>store] *)

val store_set_address : store -> string -> un=
it
  (** set field address=
 in store *)

val store_set_employees : store -> person list -=
> unit
  (** set field employe=
es in store *)

val store_set_clients : store -> person list -&g=
t; unit
  (** set field clients=
 in store *)

val make_company :=20
  ?name:string -&=
gt;
  ?stores:store l=
ist ->
  ?subsidiaries:c=
ompany list ->
  unit ->
  company
(** [make_company … ()] is a builder for type [company] *)

val copy_company : company -> company

val company_has_name : company -> bool
  (** presence of field=
 "name" in [company] *)

val company_set_name : company -> string -> u=
nit
  (** set field name in=
 company *)

val company_set_stores : company -> store list -=
> unit
  (** set field stores =
in company *)

val company_set_subsidiaries : company -> compan=
y list -> unit
  (** set field subsidi=
aries in company *)


(** {2 Formatters} *)

val pp_person : Format.formatter -> person -> unit=20
(** [pp_person v] formats v *)

val pp_store : Format.formatter -> store -> unit=20
(** [pp_store v] formats v *)

val pp_company : Format.formatter -> company -> unit=20
(** [pp_company v] formats v *)


(** {2 Protobuf Encoding} *)

val encode_pb_person : person -> Pbrt.Encoder.t -> unit
(** [encode_pb_person v encoder=
] encodes [v] with the given [encoder] *)

val encode_pb_store : store -> Pbrt.Encoder.t -> unit
(** [encode_pb_store v encoder<=
span style=3D"color: #804f60; font-style: italic;">] encodes [v]=
 with the given =
[encoder]=
 *)

val encode_pb_company : company -> Pbrt.Encoder.t -> unit
(** [encode_pb_company v encode=
r] encodes [v]] *)


(** {2 Protobuf Decoding} *)

val decode_pb_person : Pbrt.Decoder.t -> person
(** [decode_pb_person decoder] decodes a [person] binary value from [decoder] *)

val decode_pb_store : Pbrt.Decoder.t -> store
(** [decode_pb_store decoder] decodes a [store] binary value from [decoder]=
 *)

val decode_pb_company : Pbrt.Decoder.t -> company
(** [decode_pb_company decoder<=
span style=3D"color: #804f60; font-style: italic;">] decodes a [company] binary value from [decoder] *)

    

    


    
[^1]: the precise semantics of presence are, imho, quite messy.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Cmdliner 2.1.0 =E2=80=93 The powershell edition
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cmdliner-2-1-0-the-=
powershell-edition/17527/1

    

    

    

    Brian Ward announced
    

    

    
Hello,=20

    


    
It's my pleasure to announce the version 2.1.0 of cmdliner

    


    

    
Cmdliner is an ISC-licensed library that allows the declarative and
compositional definition of command lines with excellent support for
command line interface user conventions and standards.

    

    


    
This releases consolidates additional work on command line completion. I ad=
ded:

    




    
I'd like to thank @dbuenzli for his gracious feedback on these changes, and=
 importantly for telling me =E2=80=9Cno=E2=80=9D to several others beforeha=
nd :)

    


    
For all the other details see the release notes.

    



    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 25 to
December 02, 2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

avro-simple, an OCaml implementation of Apache Avro
Sunsetting of DkML distribution
opam 2.5.0 is out!
Transient emacs command for dune
Slipshow!
Two open roles at Tarides: Compiler Engineer and VP of Software Engineering
RFSM version 2.2
Alice v0.2.0, now with LSP
Gendarme, a modular marshalling library
FUN OCaml is live on YouTube and Twitch
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


avro-simple, an OCaml implementation of Apache Avro
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Tim McGilchrist announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99ve been building a library for Apache Avro called [avro-simple]=
. It
  is an OCaml implementation of [Apache Avro] with codec-based design,
  schema evolution support, and container file format.

  The key principles for this library are:
  =E2=80=A2 *Value-centric design*: Manual codec construction using combina=
tors
     (no code generation required)
  =E2=80=A2 *Pure OCaml*: No external C dependencies for core functionality
  =E2=80=A2 *Schema evolution*: Built-in support for reading data with diff=
erent
     schemas
  =E2=80=A2 *Container files*: Full support for Avro Object Container File
     format
  =E2=80=A2 *Compression*: Multiple compression codecs (null, deflate, snap=
py,
     zstandard) with compression plugins
  =E2=80=A2 *Streaming*: Memory-efficient block-level streaming for large f=
iles
  =E2=80=A2 *Type-safe*: Codec-enforced types with composable combinators

  This compares to [ocaml-avro] which uses code generation based on JSON
  schemas and is missing some of the schema evolution features.

  I'm mainly using this for reading and writing Avro container files,
  however it should be possible to integrate with [ocaml-kafka] if you
  use Kafka. The performance is reasonable so far, 1.4 times slower than
  the fastest Rust based library I could find and I haven't really tried
  to optimise it yet. HEAPs faster than the official Apache Avro
  libraries in Python.

  There are a few other places I think I can improve the performance and
  memory usage, but it should be quite usable for small to medium sized
  files. Enjoy :slight_smile:


[avro-simple] 

[Apache Avro] 

[ocaml-avro] 

[ocaml-kafka] 


Sunsetting of DkML distribution
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  DkML, the Windows-friendly distribution of OCaml, is being
  sunset. DkML was launched to get Windows + OCaml off life-support when
  an earlier Windows distribution was retired. Mission accomplished. And
  thanks to OCSF for the support in the early years!

  Existing users: Official end-of-life for the distribution will be
  *12/31/2026*. 1 year and 1 month from this posting the distribution
  binaries, C libraries and overlay repositories will no longer be
  hosted. Please use the native Windows support from opam!

  To be clear, the Windows *distribution* is the following two products
  which will disappear:

  =E2=80=A2 *dkml-installer*: This is the Windows installer available throu=
gh
     `winget' (). *I=E2=80=99ll wit=
hdraw
     it from winget soon; that won=E2=80=99t affect existing users.*
  =E2=80=A2 *setup-dkml*: This is the GitHub/GitLab CI for MSVC.

  In contrast, the following products are much broader than Windows, are
  actively maintained, and will *_not be sunset_*:

  =E2=80=A2 /dkml-compiler/ and /dkml-base-compiler/. These have patches for
    [Android] and [bytecode].
  =E2=80=A2 /MlFront/ and /dk/. This is the build and scripting system; mor=
e on
    that in upcoming announcements.


[Android]


[bytecode]



opam 2.5.0 is out!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  We're happy to announce the release of opam 2.5.0 and encourage all
  users to upgrade.

  *Note*: the following section will recap the various major changes in
   opam `2.5.0' for anyone who haven't already read the previous
   pre-release announcements. For those who did, note that nothing
   changed between `2.5.0~beta1' and the final `2.5.0'.


What=E2=80=99s new? Some highlights:
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 :high_speed_train: Speedup opam update up to 70%. Thanks to
    [@arozovyk], `opam update' now load opam file incrementally, only
    parsing the files that have changed since the last time you called
    `opam update'. Before that, opam files in opam repositories were all
    loaded after an update if there was any change. The performance
    improvement of this change thus depends on how often you call `opam
    update' and what type of repository and OS you are using. ([#5824])

  =E2=80=A2 :spiral_shell: Improved shell integration. A number of users ha=
ve
    been hitting issues with opam's shell integration where parts of a
    previous environment was kept in the current environment, causing a
    number of issues. These can be triggered by, for example, nuking
    your opam root directory (by default `~/.opam' or
    `%LocalAppData%\opam'). For this particular case we are still
    working on a fix, but many other users have reported similar issues
    without nuking their root directory and in that case we believe to
    have fixed the majority of issues. ([dbuenzli/topkg#142], [#4649],
    [#5761])

  =E2=80=A2 :spiral_shell:=C2=B2 We've also changed the default file to whi=
ch `opam
    init' writes the opam shell integration to be `.bashrc' instead of
    the previous `.profile' or `.bash_profile' when `bash' is detected.
    Doing it this way prevents some issues with existing `.profile'
    files that source the `.bashrc' file and causing an infinity loop
    when opam asks users to make sure to source their `.bashrc' file
    into their `.profile' file. ([#5819], [#4201], [#3990])

  =E2=80=A2 :shield: The opam install script now installs an appropriate
    `apparmor' profile on systems configured with `apparmor' (this is
    enabled by default on Ubuntu). This change is not strictly speaking
    related to this release as it is deployed for every
    versions. ([#5968]).

  =E2=80=A2 :ocean: Many more UI additions and improvements, bug fixes, =E2=
=80=A6


  :open_book: You can read our [blog post] for more information about
  these changes and more, and for even more details you can take a look
  at the [release note] or the [changelog].


[@arozovyk] 

[#5824] 

[dbuenzli/topkg#142] 

[#4649] 

[#5761] 

[#5819] 

[#4201] 

[#3990] 

[#5968] 

[blog post] 

[release note] 

[changelog] 


Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  For Unix systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --v=
ersion 2.5.0"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.o=
rg/install.ps1) } -Version 2.5.0"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Please report any issues to the [bug-tracker].

  Happy hacking, <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[bug-tracker] 


Transient emacs command for dune
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Paul-Elliot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello!

  :tada: On the behalf of everyone who has contributed to a training set
  for an LLM by writing something on the internet, I'm happy to announce
  the release of [`dune-transient'], an emacs transient command to drive
  dune! :tada:

  When invoked with `M-x dune-transient', it opens a first panel:

  

  Some keys provide direct access to common workflows. Pressing B will
  open a subsequent panel allowing you to build your very own command in
  the transient way:

  

  Now that you know the gist of the tool, let me quote an important part
  of the README^[This text was written by me so it's acceptable to
  publish it here!]:

        It was built entirely by an AI. I was only in charge of
        copy-pasting various bits of inscrutable text from one
        place to the other.

        As a consequence, I'm afraid this project cannot accept
        contributions made by humans. We need to wait a bit before
        humans are reliable enough. You are however welcome to
        open PR, provided both the PR text and the code in it has
        been written by an AI, without human review.

        If you find it useful, you are welcome to use it, even if
        you are not 100% an AI.

  You've been warned!


[`dune-transient'] 


Slipshow!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Paul-Elliot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm back!


Slipshow 0.7.0: The Slipshow of Dorian Gray
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  It's with guilty pleasure that I announce the new [release] of
  Slipshow 0.7.0: The Slipshow of Dorian Gray, on [opam].

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam update
  =E2=94=82 $ opam upgrade slipshow
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release contains a handful of bugfixes. But the highlight of the
  changelog is an experimental support for recording and replaying
  annotations!

  [Peek 2025-11-26 13-25]

  The gif above was made using the new feature. You can also [view it
  live]. If you want an example of a more interesting use of the feature
  than a picture of me grow old, you can also see [this
  presentation]. You can also find the doc [here].

  The exclusive feature, that might not be obvious above, is that once
  you've recorded a series of strokes, you can edit it. For instance,
  here is the timeline for this [presentation]:

  

  You can see it live and edit it by pressing `Shift + R' in the
  presentation, and selecting one of the recording in the dropdown on
  the bottom left.

  However experimental this is, I can't wait to see what kind of good
  and bad uses it can have for your presentations. Please post them
  here!

  Thanks a lot to [NLNet] for their invaluable [support].

  And before the changelog, an exclusive information relevant to OCaml
  users! The drawing edition UI, and actually the whole drawing
  mechanism, is made using Functional Reactive Programming, in
  particular with @let-def's [brr-lwd] library! As always, I'd like to
  say thank you to the developers of open source libraries, you are so
  great.

  Here are the release notes:


[release] 

[opam] 

[Peek 2025-11-26 13-25]


[view it live] 

[this presentation] 

[here]


[presentation] 

[NLNet] 

[support] 

[brr-lwd] 


BREAKING CHANGES!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  =E2=80=A2 I removed support for the "setext" headings: Underlining a title
    with dashes will no longer make a title. Sorry for breaking a
    standard, but that messes too much with the `---' separator. Replace
    it with atx headings: `# This is a title'.
  =E2=80=A2 A bug in the carousel was fixed, breaking the workaround. If you
    used `+2' to go to the next meaningful page, you can now change
    that, either to `+1' or to `all'.
  =E2=80=A2 The semantics of `focus' and `unfocus' was changed. Before, you=
 had
    to unfocus as many times as you focused. Now, you have to unfocus
    only once.
  =E2=80=A2 If you find any migration problem, please open an issue and I'll
    help for the migration!


Compiler
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Embed Liberation Sans fonts (and use them) (#150)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix missing favicon (which was missing since speaker view) (#15=
0)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix changing step number from speaker note does not update serve
    mode state (#154)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix blank lines considered as elements in carousel (#170)
  =E2=80=A2 Allow to specify port in `slipshow serve' with `-p' or `--port'
    (#176)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix link with no content in block raising a syntax error (#180)
  =E2=80=A2 Remove support for Setext headings (#178)


Engine
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Allow to record and replay strokes (#187)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix speaker note scrolling (#150)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix script undos recovery when script execution fails (#150)
  =E2=80=A2 Hide paused/unrevealed elems also for mouse (#150)
  =E2=80=A2 Don't execute scripts when computing toc (#150)
  =E2=80=A2 Mute medias in speaker view (#152)
  =E2=80=A2 Use the [perfect-freehand] library to generate strokes. (#151)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix order of execution of actions (`center' after `enter') (#17=
1)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix pauses not being scoped in slides (#179)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix exiting not where it should (#179)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix `unfocus' behavior to match the docs (#179)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix wrong position bug on custom dimensions (#182)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix infinitely jiggling autoresizing (#187)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix not being able to draw outside of inner presentation (#187)
  =E2=80=A2 Fix permanent fast-moving bug (#187)


[perfect-freehand] 


Two open roles at Tarides: Compiler Engineer and VP of Software Engineering
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thomas Gazagnaire announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi all,

  Tarides=E2=80=99 mission is to help make OCaml mainstream. We work across=
 the
  stack: contributing upstream to the compiler, maintaining ecosystem
  tooling, and supporting organisations that rely on OCaml in
  production. Our work ranges from training and team extensions to full
  product development. For instance, Tarides recently spun off
  [Parsimoni] which builds software-defined satellite systems using a
  platform based on MirageOS (in OCaml) and Unikraft. We also
  collaborate with companies that already operate large OCaml codebases,
  such as Jane Street and Semgrep, supporting them on targeted projects
  and long-term initiatives.

  To sustain this breadth of activity, we are opening two roles on
  .


[Parsimoni] 

*Compiler Engineer*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The compiler team at Tarides has been central to major changes in
  OCaml over the past years, including the design and integration of the
  multicore runtime and effect handlers in OCaml 5. Beyond that
  milestone, the team continues to shape the evolution of the language
  and its runtime: improving the OCaml/WASM toolchain, refining the
  behavior of OCaml 5 programs under load, and exploring new directions
  for the type system and tooling. The role suits someone who enjoys
  language implementation, runtime internals, and the practical
  constraints of deploying OCaml in production environments (especially
  performance).

  Details:
  


*VP of Software Engineering*
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  As our projects and teams have grown, we are looking for a VP of
  Software Engineering to guide the group of team leads across
  Tarides. The role involves structuring delivery, keeping teams aligned
  with the technical roadmap, and maintaining a clear interface between
  engineering and the rest of the company. It is a VP-level position,
  but experienced team leads or engineering managers who are ready to
  step into a wider leadership role should consider applying.


  Details:
  

  If you would like to discuss either post or want more context about
  current projects, feel free to reach out.

  Best, Thomas


Thomas Gazagnaire later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  And now a third one, to improve the OCaml runtime's performance and
  create a successor to venerable [sandmark].


[sandmark] 

Runtime Systems Engineer
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The multicore work merged in OCaml 5.0 introduced native support for
  scalable concurrency and shared-memory parallelism. Its design
  combines effect handlers for expressing structured concurrent
  workflows, a concurrent garbage collector aimed at responsive
  networked applications, and a modular memory model that supports local
  reasoning without sacrificing performance. With these foundations now
  in the mainline compiler, Tarides is helping partners migrate their
  systems to OCaml 5.

  This third role focuses on the practical side of that transition:
  developing tooling to understand runtime behaviour, maintaining
  benchmarks that guide runtime improvements, and collaborating on
  future directions for the scheduler and GC. It is well-suited to
  someone who wants to work on the boundary between research-grade
  runtime design and the realities of large OCaml deployments.

  Details:
  


RFSM version 2.2
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


jserot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It=E2=80=99s my pleasure to announce the availability of version `2.2' of=
 the
  `RFSM' language and compiler.

  `RFSM' is a domain specific language for describing, simulating and
  generating code from *reactive finite state machines*.

  From a description of a system composed of a set of reactive FSMs, the
  `RFSM' compiler can generate

  =E2=80=A2 graphical description of the system in the `.dot' format
  =E2=80=A2 execution traces in the `.vcd' file format
  =E2=80=A2 code in `C', `SystemC' and `VHDL' for simulation or implementat=
ion
    on a target platform

  The most significant change since version 2.0 is the introduction of a
  *server mode* allowing the compiler to be called on fragments of
  code. This feature is used by the [Grasp] application, a graphical
  front-end to `RFSM' (superseding the previous `Rfsm-Light'
  application).

  `RFSM' is available from this [GH page] or as an [OPAM package].

  Comments, feedbacks and bug reports welcome !


[Grasp] 

[GH page] 

[OPAM package] 


Alice v0.2.0, now with LSP
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Steve Sherratt announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce the release of [Alice v0.2.0]. Alice is a
  radical, experimental OCaml build system, package manager, and
  toolchain manager for Windows and Unix-based OSes. Its goal is to
  allow anyone to program in OCaml with as little friction as possible.

  The main new addition is support for LSP. Alice now generates some
  additional files that can be interpreted by OCaml-LSP/Merlin. To use
  OCaml-LSP in an Alice project, make sure to configure your editor to
  start the LSP server with the command `ocamllsp
  --fallback-read-dot-merlin' and install `dot-merlin-reader' (either by
  running `alice tools install' or from the `dot-merlin-reader' opam
  package).

  See [this page] for more info on setting up LSP for Alice projects.

  Alice has gotten slightly easier to install. There's now a package in
  the [WinGet] repository so Windows users can install Alice by running:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 winget install OCaml.Alice
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  There's also a Homebrew tap for Alice, so macOS users can install
  Alice by running:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 brew install alicecaml/homebrew-tap/alice
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  The [Install page] has an interactive OS picker that displays install
  instructions for the current OS by default.


[Alice v0.2.0] 

[this page] 

[WinGet]


[Install page] 


Gendarme, a modular marshalling library
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Benjamin Somers announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone!

  This is my first post on this forum, and I=E2=80=99m pleased to present
  [Gendarme], a generic-but-opinionated library to marshal and unmarshal
  OCaml data types in a variety of formats.


[Gendarme] 

Why a new library?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  OCaml has a few libraries in the `ppx_deriving' family, like the
  famous [`ppx_deriving_yojson'], allowing to very conveniently generate
  marshallers and unmarshallers for OCaml types. However, two elements
  didn=E2=80=99t suit me in this approach:

  =E2=80=A2 These libraries pollute the namespace quite a bit when we start
    combining them (*e.g.* when developing user-facing apps that allow
    ingesting several serialization formats);
  =E2=80=A2 Adding support for a new format is hard and requires some PPX
    expertise most OCaml users don=E2=80=99t have.


[`ppx_deriving_yojson']



How the project is born
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  When discovering the Go language, I was pleasantly surprised by how
  easy it was to marshal and unmarshal structs with simple annotations,
  and wanted a similar hassle-free mechanism in OCaml. I also wanted to
  learn about GADTs, as I never had found any use for them in my
  projects before.  This project was originally named `Marshal', but a
  module of the same name already exists in the standard
  library. =E2=80=9CGendarme=E2=80=9D is one way to translate =E2=80=9CMars=
hal=E2=80=9D in French.


What=E2=80=99s particular about Gendarme?
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Gendarme is a modular, extendable, PPX-heavy marshaller and
  unmarshaller based on type witnesses, supporting various data formats
  (CSV, JSON, TOML, YAML). The curious reader may find **way more**
  information on [the project=E2=80=99s repository], but here=E2=80=99s the=
 gist:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 [%%marshal.load Yojson]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 type t =3D { t_foo: int list [@json "foo"];
  =E2=94=82            t_bar: t list [@json "bar"] } [@@marshal]
  =E2=94=82 type u =3D t * int [@@marshal]
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let v =3D ({ t_foo =3D [1; 2]; t_bar =3D [{ t_foo =3D [3; 4]; t=
_bar =3D [] }] }, 3)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let json =3D [%encode.Json] ~v u
  =E2=94=82 (*
  =E2=94=82 val json : string =3D "[{\"foo\":[1,2],\"bar\":[{\"foo\":[3,4],=
\"bar\":[]}]},3]"
  =E2=94=82 *)
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Annotating a type `my_type' with `[@@marshal]' and providing the
  required additional data (such as field names in the case of records)
  builds a witness value `my_type' of type `my_type Gendarme.ty' that
  tells Gendarme how to marshal and unmarshal values.

  Currently, [only a subset of OCaml core types are supported], but
  generic support gets improved as the need appears in my personal and
  professional projects.

  Gendarme was written both with users (application and library
  developers) and developers (people developing new Gendarme encoders)
  in mind. If your target format is able to encode objects/records
  (optional but nice to have), lists/arrays, and supports arbitrarily
  nesting them, then writing a new encoder requires writing **at most**
  100 lines of what is essentially pattern-matching cases to tell
  Gendarme what to do with your data (see for example [the code for
  `gendarme-ezjsonm']). Each encoder is heavily tested, and most of the
  encoders that we ship have more lines of code for tests than for their
  actual logic.

  This is a very quick introduction, but if you are interested in this
  project, head over to [its README] to learn more! I=E2=80=99m obviously h=
appy
  to answer any questions you may have.


[the project=E2=80=99s repository] 

[only a subset of OCaml core types are supported]


[the code for `gendarme-ezjsonm']


[its README] 


FUN OCaml is live on YouTube and Twitch
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  FUN OCaml talks are now uploaded to [FUN OCaml's watch.ocaml.org
  channel]:

  

  ETA: still transcoding :sweat_smile: but due to appear any moment


[FUN OCaml's watch.ocaml.org channel]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Keeping your branch up-to-date]
  =E2=80=A2 [The AI French Connection to the Practice of Science]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml 5.4 native Arm32 branch]
  =E2=80=A2 [Bringing Emacs Support to OCaml's LSP Server with `ocaml-eglot=
']
  =E2=80=A2 [Advent of FPGA =E2=80=94 A Jane Street Challenge]
  =E2=80=A2 [Four Ps for Building Massive Collective Knowledge Systems]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Keeping your branch up-to-date]


[The AI French Connection to the Practice of Science]


[OCaml 5.4 native Arm32 branch]


[Bringing Emacs Support to OCaml's LSP Server with `ocaml-eglot']


[Advent of FPGA =E2=80=94 A Jane Street Challenge]


[Four Ps for Building Massive Collective Knowledge Systems]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 25 to Decemb=
er 02, 2025.

    



    

    avro-simple, an OCaml implementation of Apache Avro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-avro-s=
imple-an-ocaml-implementation-of-apache-avro/17528/1

    

    

    

    Tim McGilchrist announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99ve been building a library for Apache Avro called avro-simple. It is an OCaml im=
plementation of Apache Avro with codec-based design, schema evolution support, and =
container file format.

    


    
The key principles for this library are:

    

      

    • Value-centric design: Manual codec construction using combinator=
s (no code generation required)
      • 

    • Pure OCaml: No external C dependencies for core functionality

    • Schema evolution: Built-in support for reading data with differe=
nt schemas
      • 

    • Container files: Full support for Avro Object Container File for=
mat
      • 

    • Compression: Multiple compression codecs (null, deflate, snappy,=
 zstandard) with compression plugins
      • 

    • Streaming: Memory-efficient block-level streaming for large file=
s
      • 

    • Type-safe: Codec-enforced types with composable combinators
      • 

    


    
This compares to ocaml-avr=
o which uses code generation based on JSON schemas and is missing some =
of the schema evolution features.

    


    
I'm mainly using this for reading and writing Avro container files, however=
 it should be possible to integrate with ocaml-kafka if you use Kafka. The performance is=
 reasonable so far, 1.4 times slower than the fastest Rust based library I =
could find and I haven't really tried to optimise it yet. HEAPs faster than=
 the official Apache Avro libraries in Python.=20

    


    
There are a few other places I think I can improve the performance and memo=
ry usage, but it should be quite usable for small to medium sized files. En=
joy :slight_smile:

    

    

    

    

    

    Sunsetting of DkML distribution
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-sunsetting-of-dkml-distri=
bution/17530/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
DkML, the Windows-friendly distribution of OCaml, is being sunset. DkML was=
 launched to get Windows + OCaml off life-support when an earlier Windows d=
istribution was retired. Mission accomplished. And thanks to OCSF for the s=
upport in the early years!

    


    
Existing users: Official end-of-life for the distribution will be 12/31/=
2026. 1 year and 1 month from this posting the distribution binaries, C=
 libraries and overlay repositories will no longer be hosted. Please use th=
e native Windows support from opam!

    


    
To be clear, the Windows distribution is the following two products =
which will disappear:

    


      

    • dkml-installer: This is the Windows installer available through =
winget (htt=
ps://winstall.app/apps/Diskuv.OCaml). I=E2=80=99ll withdraw it from =
winget soon; that won=E2=80=99t affect existing users.
      • 

    • setup-dkml: This is the GitHub/GitLab CI for MSVC.
      • 

    


    
In contrast, the following products are much broader than Windows, are acti=
vely maintained, and will not be sunset=
:

    


      

    • dkml-compiler and dkml-base-compiler. These have patches =
for Android and bytecode.
      • 

    • MlFront and dk. This is the build and scripting system; m=
ore on that in upcoming announcements.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.5.0 is out!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-5-0-is-out/17538/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We're happy to announce the release of opam 2.5.0 and encourage all users t=
o upgrade.

    


    
Note: the following section will recap the various major changes in =
opam 2.5.0 for anyone who haven't already read the previous pr=
e-release announcements. For those who did, note that nothing changed betwe=
en 2.5.0~beta1 and the final 2.5.0.

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s new? Some highlights:
    

    

      

    • :high_speed_train: Speedup opam update up to 70%. Thanks to @arozovyk, opam update now lo=
ad opam file incrementally, only parsing the files that have changed since =
the last time you called opam update. Before that, opam files =
in opam repositories were all loaded after an update if there was any chang=
e. The performance improvement of this change thus depends on how often you=
 call opam update and what type of repository and OS you are u=
sing. (#5824)
      • 


    • :spiral_shell: Improved shell integration. A number of users have been =
hitting issues with opam's shell integration where parts of a previous envi=
ronment was kept in the current environment, causing a number of issues. Th=
ese can be triggered by, for example, nuking your opam root directory (by d=
efault ~/.opam or %LocalAppData%\opam). For this =
particular case we are still working on a fix, but many other users have re=
ported similar issues without nuking their root directory and in that case =
we believe to have fixed the majority of issues. (dbuenzli/topkg#142, #4649, #5761)
      • 


    • :spiral_shell:=C2=B2 We've also changed the default file to which opam init writes the opam shell integration to be .bashrc instead of the previous .profile or .bash_profile when bash is detected.  Doing it this way prevents some i=
ssues with existing .profile files that source the .bash=
rc file and causing an infinity loop when opam asks users to make su=
re to source their .bashrc file into their .profile file. (#5819, =
#4201, #3990)
      • 


    • :shield: The opam install script now installs an appropriate appa=
rmor profile on systems configured with apparmor (this =
is enabled by default on Ubuntu). This change is not strictly speaking rela=
ted to this release as it is deployed for every versions. (#5968).
      • 


    • :ocean: Many more UI additions and improvements, bug fixes, =E2=80=A6

    



    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and more, and =
for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
5.0"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.5.0"

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Transient emacs command for dune
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-transient-emacs-command-=
for-dune/17539/1

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
Hello!

    


    
:tada: On the behalf of everyone who has contributed to a training set for =
an LLM by writing something on the internet, I'm happy to announce the rele=
ase of dune-tr=
ansient, an emacs transient command to drive dune! :tada:=20

    


    
When invoked with M-x dune-transient, it opens a first panel:

    



    

    3D"main_panel.png"

    

    


    
Some keys provide direct access to common workflows. Pressing B will open a=
 subsequent panel allowing you to build your very own command in the transi=
ent way:

    



    

    3D"build_panel.png"

    

    


    
Now that you know the gist of the tool, let me quote an important part of t=
he README^[This text was written by me so it's acceptable to publish it her=
e!]:

    


    

    
It was built entirely by an AI. I was only in charge of copy-pasting variou=
s bits of inscrutable text from one place to the other.

    


    
As a consequence, I'm afraid this project cannot accept contributions made =
by humans. We need to wait a bit before humans are reliable enough. You are=
 however welcome to open PR, provided both the PR text and the code in it h=
as been written by an AI, without human review.

    


    
If you find it useful, you are welcome to use it, even if you are not 100% =
an AI.

    

    


    
You've been warned!

    

    

    

    

    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/16

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
I'm back!

    

    

    

    Slipshow 0.7.0: The Slipshow of Dorian Gray
    

    

    
It's with guilty pleasure that I announce the new release of Slipshow 0.7.0: =
The Slipshow of Dorian Gray, on opam.

    


    $ opam update
$ opam upgrade slipshow

    


    
This release contains a handful of bugfixes. But the highlight of the chang=
elog is an experimental support for recording and replaying annotations!

    


    
Peek 2025-11-26 13-25

    


    
The gif above was made using the new feature. You can also view it live. If you want an example=
 of a more interesting use of the feature than a picture of me grow old, yo=
u can also see this presen=
tation. You can also find the doc here.

    


    
The exclusive feature, that might not be obvious above, is that once you've=
 recorded a series of strokes, you can edit it. For instance, here is the t=
imeline for this presentat=
ion:

    



    

    3D"05f6493543d78b90=

    

    


    
You can see it live and edit it by pressing Shift + R in the p=
resentation, and selecting one of the recording in the dropdown on the bott=
om left.

    


    
However experimental this is, I can't wait to see what kind of good and bad=
 uses it can have for your presentations. Please post them here!

    


    
Thanks a lot to NLNet for their invaluabl=
e support.

    


    
And before the changelog, an exclusive information relevant to OCaml users!=
 The drawing edition UI, and actually the whole drawing mechanism, is made =
using Functional Reactive Programming, in particular with @let-def's brr-lwd library! As always, I'd li=
ke to say thank you to the developers of open source libraries, you are so =
great.

    


    
Here are the release notes:

    

    

    

    

    BREAKING CHANGES!
    

    

      

    • I removed support for the "setext" headings: Underlining a title with d=
ashes will no longer make a title. Sorry for breaking a standard, but that =
messes too much with the --- separator. Replace it with atx he=
adings: # This is a title.
      • 

    • A bug in the carousel was fixed, breaking the workaround. If you used <=
code>+2 to go to the next meaningful page, you can now change that, =
either to +1 or to all.
      • 

    • The semantics of focus and unfocus was change=
d. Before, you had to unfocus as many times as you focused. Now, you have t=
o unfocus only once.
      • 

    • If you find any migration problem, please open an issue and I'll help f=
or the migration!
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Compiler
    

    

      

    • Embed Liberation Sans fonts (and use them) (#150)
      • 

    • Fix missing favicon (which was missing since speaker view) (#150)
      • 

    • Fix changing step number from speaker note does not update serve mode s=
tate
(#154)
      • 

    • Fix blank lines considered as elements in carousel (#170)
      • 

    • Allow to specify port in slipshow serve with -p or --port (#176)
      • 

    • Fix link with no content in block raising a syntax error (#180)
      • 

    • Remove support for Setext headings (#178)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Engine
    

    

      

    • Allow to record and replay strokes (#187)
      • 

    • Fix speaker note scrolling (#150)
      • 

    • Fix script undos recovery when script execution fails (#150)
      • 

    • Hide paused/unrevealed elems also for mouse (#150)
      • 

    • Don't execute scripts when computing toc (#150)
      • 

    • Mute medias in speaker view (#152)
      • 

    • Use the per=
fect-freehand
library to generate strokes. (#151)
      • 

    • Fix order of execution of actions (center after ente=
r) (#171)
      • 

    • Fix pauses not being scoped in slides (#179)
      • 

    • Fix exiting not where it should (#179)
      • 

    • Fix unfocus behavior to match the docs (#179)
      • 

    • Fix wrong position bug on custom dimensions (#182)
      • 

    • Fix infinitely jiggling autoresizing (#187)
      • 

    • Fix not being able to draw outside of inner presentation (#187)
      • 

    • Fix permanent fast-moving bug (#187)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Two open roles at Tarides: Compiler Engineer and VP of Softwar=
e Engineering
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/two-open-roles-at-tarides-compiler-engineer-vp-of-software-engineerin=
g/17541/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
Hi all,

    


    
Tarides=E2=80=99 mission is to help make OCaml mainstream. We work across t=
he stack: contributing upstream to the compiler, maintaining ecosystem tool=
ing, and supporting organisations that rely on OCaml in production. Our wor=
k ranges from training and team extensions to full product development. For=
 instance, Tarides recently spun off Parsi=
moni which builds software-defined satellite systems using a platform b=
ased on MirageOS (in OCaml) and Unikraft. We also collaborate with companie=
s that already operate large OCaml codebases, such as Jane Street and Semgr=
ep, supporting them on targeted projects and long-term initiatives.

    


    
To sustain this breadth of activity, we are opening two roles on https://tarides.com/careers/.

    

    

    

    Compiler Engineer
    

    

    
The compiler team at Tarides has been central to major changes in OCaml ove=
r the past years, including the design and integration of the multicore run=
time and effect handlers in OCaml 5. Beyond that milestone, the team contin=
ues to shape the evolution of the language and its runtime: improving the O=
Caml/WASM toolchain, refining the behavior of OCaml 5 programs under load, =
and exploring new directions for the type system and tooling. The role suit=
s someone who enjoys language implementation, runtime internals, and the pr=
actical constraints of deploying OCaml in production environments (especial=
ly performance).

    


    
Details: https://jobs.world.luccas=
oftware.com/tarides-com/compiler-engineer-a384e70c-cd83-4c82-9cdb-a2ab12132=
9a7

    

    

    

    

    VP of Software Engineering
    

    

    
As our projects and teams have grown, we are looking for a VP of Software E=
ngineering to guide the group of team leads across Tarides. The role involv=
es structuring delivery, keeping teams aligned with the technical roadmap, =
and maintaining a clear interface between engineering and the rest of the c=
ompany. It is a VP-level position, but experienced team leads or engineerin=
g managers who are ready to step into a wider leadership role should consid=
er applying.

    



    
Details: https://jobs.wo=
rld.luccasoftware.com/tarides-com/vp-of--software-engineering-ad64996f-0d3c=
-4991-8af9-6b7f0e943faf

    


    
If you would like to discuss either post or want more context about current=
 projects, feel free to reach out.

    


    
Best,
Thomas

    

    

    

    

    

    Thomas Gazagnaire later added
    

    

    
And now a third one, to improve the OCaml runtime's performance and create =
a successor to venerable sandmark.

    

    

    

    Runtime Systems Engineer
    

    

    
The multicore work merged in OCaml 5.0 introduced native support for scalab=
le concurrency and shared-memory parallelism. Its design combines effect ha=
ndlers for expressing structured concurrent workflows, a concurrent garbage=
 collector aimed at responsive networked applications, and a modular memory=
 model that supports local reasoning without sacrificing performance. With =
these foundations now in the mainline compiler, Tarides is helping partners=
 migrate their systems to OCaml 5.

    


    
This third role focuses on the practical side of that transition: developin=
g tooling to understand runtime behaviour, maintaining benchmarks that guid=
e runtime improvements, and collaborating on future directions for the sche=
duler and GC. It is well-suited to someone who wants to work on the boundar=
y between research-grade runtime design and the realities of large OCaml de=
ployments.

    


    
Details: https://jobs.world=
.luccasoftware.com/tarides-com/runtime-systems-engineer-14f4aa23-9a0d-4d66-=
88b6-4f5805e70166

    

    

    

    

    

    

    RFSM version 2.2
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-rfsm-version-2-2/17544/1

    

    

    

    jserot announced
    

    

    
It=E2=80=99s my pleasure to announce the availability of version 2.2<=
/code> of the RFSM language and compiler.

    


    
RFSM is a domain specific language for describing, simulating =
and generating code from reactive finite state machines.

    


    
>From a description of a system composed of a set of reactive FSMs, the RFSM compiler can generate

    


      

    • graphical description of the system in the .dot format
      • 

    • execution traces in the .vcd file format
      • 

    • code in C, SystemC and VHDL for =
simulation or implementation on a target platform
      • 

    


    
The most significant change since version 2.0 is the introduction of a s=
erver mode allowing the compiler to be called on fragments of code. Thi=
s feature is used by the Grasp<=
/a> application, a graphical front-end to RFSM (superseding th=
e previous  Rfsm-Light application).=20

    


    
RFSM is available from this GH page or as an OPAM package.

    


    
Comments, feedbacks and bug reports welcome !

    

    

    

    

    

    Alice v0.2.0, now with LSP
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-alice-v0-2-0-now-with-lsp/17550=
/1

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the release of Alice v0.2.0. Alice is a radical, experimental OCaml=
 build system, package manager, and toolchain manager for Windows and Unix-=
based OSes. Its goal is to allow anyone to program in OCaml with as little =
friction as possible.=20=20=20

    


    
The main new addition is support for LSP. Alice now generates some addition=
al files that can be interpreted by OCaml-LSP/Merlin. To use OCaml-LSP in a=
n Alice project, make sure to configure your editor to start the LSP server=
 with the command ocamllsp --fallback-read-dot-merlin and inst=
all dot-merlin-reader (either by running alice tools ins=
tall or from the dot-merlin-reader opam package).

    


    
See this page for more info =
on setting up LSP for Alice projects.

    


    
Alice has gotten slightly easier to install. There's now a package in the <=
a href=3D"https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/package-manager/winget/=
">WinGet repository so Windows users can install Alice by running:

    

    winget install OCaml.Alice

    


    
There's also a Homebrew tap for Alice, so macOS users can install Alice by =
running:

    

    brew install alicecaml/homebrew-tap/alice

    

    
The Install page has an =
interactive OS picker that displays install instructions for the current OS=
 by default.

    

    

    

    

    

    Gendarme, a modular marshalling library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-gendarme-a-modular=
-marshalling-library/17551/1

    

    

    

    Benjamin Somers announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone!

    


    
This is my first post on this forum, and I=E2=80=99m pleased to present Gendarme, a generic-=
but-opinionated library to marshal and unmarshal OCaml data types in a vari=
ety of formats.

    

    

    

    Why a new library?
    

    

    
OCaml has a few libraries in the ppx_deriving family, like the=
 famous ppx_deriving_yojson, allowing to very conveniently generate =
marshallers and unmarshallers for OCaml types. However, two elements didn=
=E2=80=99t suit me in this approach:

    


      

    • These libraries pollute the namespace quite a bit when we start combini=
ng them (e.g. when developing user-facing apps that allow ingesting =
several serialization formats);
      • 

    • Adding support for a new format is hard and requires some PPX expertise=
 most OCaml users don=E2=80=99t have.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    How the project is born
    

    

    
When discovering the Go language, I was pleasantly surprised by how easy it=
 was to marshal and unmarshal structs with simple annotations, and wanted a=
 similar hassle-free mechanism in OCaml. I also wanted to learn about GADTs=
, as I never had found any use for them in my projects before.
This project was originally named Marshal, but a module of the=
 same name already exists in the standard library. =E2=80=9CGendarme=E2=80=
=9D is one way to translate =E2=80=9CMarshal=E2=80=9D in French.

    

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s particular about Gendarme?
    

    

    
Gendarme is a modular, extendable, PPX-heavy marshaller and unmarshaller ba=
sed on type witnesses, supporting various data formats (CSV, JSON, TOML, YA=
ML). The curious reader may find way more information on the project=E2=80=99s repositor=
y, but here=E2=80=99s the gist:

    


    

    [%%marshal.load Y=
ojson]

type t =3D { t_foo: int list [@json "=
foo"];
           t_bar: t list [@json "bar"] } [@@marshal]
type u =3D t * int [@@marshal]

let v =3D ({ t_foo =3D [1; 2]; t_bar =3D [{ t_foo =
=3D [3; 4]; t_bar =3D [] }] }, 3)

let json =3D [%encode.Json] ~v u
(*
val json : string =3D "[{\"foo\":[1,2],\"bar\":[{\"foo\":[3,4],\"bar\":[]}]=
},3]"
*)

    

    


    
Annotating a type my_type with [@@marshal] and pr=
oviding the required additional data (such as field names in the case of re=
cords) builds a witness value my_type of type my_type Ge=
ndarme.ty that tells Gendarme how to marshal and unmarshal values.

    


    
Currently, only a subset of OCaml core types are =
supported, but generic support gets improved as the need appears in my =
personal and professional projects.

    


    
Gendarme was written both with users (application and library developers) a=
nd developers (people developing new Gendarme encoders) in mind. If your ta=
rget format is able to encode objects/records (optional but nice to have), =
lists/arrays, and supports arbitrarily nesting them, then writing a new enc=
oder requires writing at most 100 lines of what is essentiall=
y pattern-matching cases to tell Gendarme what to do with your data (see fo=
r example the code for gendarme-ezjsonm). Each encoder is =
heavily tested, and most of the encoders that we ship have more lines of co=
de for tests than for their actual logic.

    


    
This is a very quick introduction, but if you are interested in this projec=
t, head over to its README to learn more! I=E2=80=99m obviously happy to answe=
r any questions you may have.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    FUN OCaml is live on YouTube and Twitch
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/fun-ocaml-is-live-on-yout=
ube-and-twitch/17254/5

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
FUN OCaml talks are now uploaded to FUN OCaml's watch.ocaml.org channel:

    


    
https://watch.ocaml.o=
rg/c/funocaml/videos

    


    
ETA: still transcoding :sweat_smile: but due to appear any moment

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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  ip4:128.93.162.3 ip4:128.93.162.88 ip4:89.107.174.7 mx ~all"
Received-SPF: None (mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr: no sender
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  postmaster@prod-sympa-app.inria.fr) identity=helo;
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Received: from prod-sympa-app.inria.fr ([128.93.162.27])
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Received: by prod-sympa-app.inria.fr (Postfix, from userid 990)
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 02 to 09, 20=
25.

    



    

    editors dev-meeting: 15th of December about the ocaml.nv=
im plugin
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/ann-editors-dev-meeting-15th-of-december-about-the-ocaml-nvim-plugin/17=
559/1

    

    

    

    Charl=C3=A8ne_Gros announced
    

    

    
Hi!

    


    
We are organizing the next public dev meeting about editors for OCaml!

    


    
It will take place on December 15th at 5 pm.

    


    
The focus will be on the new NeoVim plugin for OCaml, which adds extra feat=
ures to the classical lspconfig for standard LSP support, to p=
rovide all of the Merlin features in Neovim.

    


    
We will explore why having this type of plugin is beneficial for maintainin=
g OCaml editor tools, and we will dive into the codebase to understand how =
it works and see what happens in Neovim.

    


    
For the agenda:

    


      

    • A tour-de-table to allow the participants who wish to do so to present =
themselves and mention issues / PRs they are interested in.
      • 


    • Talk and Q&A
      • 


    • Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or mention=
ed during the tour-de-table.
      • 

    


    
Feel free to join!

    


    
Meeting link: https://meet=
.google.com/qxr-zxge-fvg

    

    

    

    

    

    Mosaic - A Modern Terminal User Interface Framework for OCaml =
(Early Preview)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss=
.ocaml.org/t/ann-mosaic-a-modern-terminal-user-interface-framework-for-ocam=
l-early-preview/17572/1

    

    

    

    Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
I'm excited to share an early preview of Mosaic, a modern terminal user interface framework for OCam=
l.

    

    

    

    What is Mosaic?
    

    

    
Mosaic is a high-level framework for building terminal user interfaces in O=
Caml. It provides a TEA (The Elm Architecture) runtime with a CSS-compatibl=
e flexbox layout engine and a rich set of composable components. It handles=
 text shaping (styling, wrapping, selection), focus and event bubbling, z-o=
rdering, and responsive layout.

    


    
Under the hood, it builds on two libraries that can also be used independen=
tly:

    


      

    • Matrix: a terminal runtime focused on performance and modern pro=
tocols. Highlights: near-zero-allocation diffed rendering, immediate- mode =
API, Kitty keyboard, SGR/URXVT/X10 mouse, bracketed paste, focus tracking, =
inline/alt/split display modes, and built-in debug overlay/frame dumps. It =
also provides a virtual terminal emulator (VTE) and pseudo-terminal (PTY) m=
anagement subsystems.
      • 

    • Toffee: a CSS-compatible layout engine. It's a port of Rust=E2=
=80=99s Taffy with Flex=
box, CSS Grid, and Block layout; gap/padding/borders/titles; and layout cac=
hing for efficiency.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Why Mosaic?
    

    

    
Terminal UIs are seeing a renaissance. Tools like Claude Code and OpenCode =
have gotten people excited about what can be built in the terminal and the =
TUI community is gaining momentum in other ecosystems.

    


    
OCaml has had LambdaTerm and Notty for terminal graphics for years, but the=
re's been a gap when it comes to performance and high-level abstractions fo=
r building complex UIs.

    


    
Mosaic aims to fill that gap by providing Matrix as a solid terminal founda=
tion, and building a high-level TEA framework with layout and components on=
 top.

    


    
On a personal side, I'm building Mosaic to power the two projects I'm curre=
ntly working on:

    


      

    • It will be the basis for a TUI dashboard for monitoring model training =
in Raven. We're starting =
an Outreachy internship to build=
 this out this Monday.
      • 

    • It powers Spice, the upcoming OCaml coding agent I announced at FunOCaml 2025.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Try It Now
    

    

    
The libraries aren't on opam yet, but you can try them today:

    


    
Option 1: Pin from GitHub

    


    opam pin add https://github.com/tmattio/mosaic.git

    


    
Option 2: Build from source

    


    git clone https://github.com/tmattio/mosaic
cd mosaic
opam install . --deps-only
dune build

    


    
Then run some examples:

    


    # Interactive Game of Life (ported from Notty examples)
dune exec ./matrix/examples/02-life/main.exe

# Particles simulation with multiple display modes
dune exec ./matrix/examples/14-particles/main.exe

# High-level TEA counter
dune exec ./mosaic/examples/01-counter/main.exe

    


    
Have a look at the examples directories (Matrix and Mosaic) for more demo=
s to explore!

    


    
As a bonus, we also have more complete demos for both projects:

    



    

    

    

    Quick Examples
    

    

    

      

    • Mosaic: The Elm Architecture
      

      

      
Mosaic follows TEA for building declarative UIs:

      


      

      open M=
osaic_tea

type msg =3D Increment | Decrement | Quit

let init () =3D (0, Cmd.none)

let update msg model =3D
  match msg with
  | Increment -> (model + 1, Cmd.none)
  | Decrement -> (model - 1, Cmd.none)
  | Quit -> (model, Cmd.quit)

let view model =3D
  box ~align_items:Center ~justify_content:Center
    ~size:{ width=
 =3D pct 100; height =3D pct 100 }
    [
      box ~flex_directio=
n:Column ~align_items:Center ~g=
ap:(gap 1)
        ~border:<=
span style=3D"color: #00824f;">true ~padding:(padding 2) ~title:"Count=
er"
        [
          text ~content<=
/span>:(Printf.sp=
rintf "Count: %d" model) ();
          text ~content<=
/span>:"Press + or - to change, q to quit"<=
/span> ();
        ];
    ]

let subscriptions _=
model =3D
  Sub.on_key (fun ev ->
      match (Mosaic_ui.Event.Key.d=
ata ev).key with
      | Char c when Uchar.equal c (Uchar.of_char '+') -> Some Increment
      | Char c when Uchar.equal c (Uchar.of_char '-') -> Some Decrement
      | Char c when Uchar.equal c (Uchar.of_char 'q') -> Some Quit
      | Escape -> Some Quit
      | _ -> None)

let () =3D run { =
init; update; view; subscriptions }

      

      

      

      • 

    • Matrix: Low-Level Power
      

      

      
For direct terminal control, Matrix provides an immediate-mode API:

      


      

      open M=
atrix

let () =3D
  run
    ~on_render:(<=
span style=3D"color: #006f00; font-weight: bold;">fun _ctx ->
      Image.(
        string "Hello from Matrix!" =
|> bg Color.blue |=
> pad ~l:2 ~t:1))
    ~on_input:(fun ctx -> function
      | Key { key =3D Escape; _ } -> quit ctx
      | _ -> ())
    ()

      

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Coming Soon: TUI for ML Training
    

    

    
We're starting an Outreachy inte=
rnship to build a TUI for monitoring model training with Raven, the scientific computing ecosystem f=
or OCaml. It will provide a TensorBoard experience in the terminal, built entirely with Mosaic.

    


    
A good example of what we're aiming to build is Wandb's newly released TUI:

    



    

    3D"1a0=

    

    

    

    

    

    Mosaic vs Notty
    

    

    
Notty is the current go-to terminal UI library for OCaml, with a well-desig=
ned declarative image API. Mosaic sits a level above: it=E2=80=99s a TEA ru=
ntime with flexbox layout, rich components, focus/event bubbling, and diffe=
d rendering via Matrix. In scope, Notty is closer to Matrix (the terminal i=
nfrastructure under Mosaic) than to Mosaic itself.

    


    
Matrix covers the low-level rendering, modern terminal protocols, and immed=
iate-mode API that Notty doesn=E2=80=99t. For a detailed Matrix vs Notty co=
mparison, see our comparison table.

    

    

    

    

    Acknowledgements
    

    

    
Mosaic stands on the shoulders of great work:

    


      

    • Bubble Tea -=
 inspiration for the high-level TEA runtime and app structure.
      • 

    • Notty - Matrix's declara=
tive Image API is directly copied from Notty's to provide a familiar interf=
ace for OCaml users.
      • 

    • OpenTUI - the biggest i=
nfluence on Mosaic UI internals (render tree, text buffer, events, selectio=
n). Mosaic's UI internals have been rewritten to mirror OpenTUI's following=
 its release, if you're working in TypeScript, I can't recommend it enough,=
 it's a fantastic piece of engineering.
      • 

    • Rich and Textual - for ideas on rich tex=
t, diagnostics, and polished terminal UX.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Feedback Welcome
    

    

    
This is an early preview. APIs are stabilizing but may change. I'd love you=
r feedback on:

    


      

    • API ergonomics
      • 

    • Missing components or features you need
      • 

    • Performance on your terminal
      • 

    • Bugs (please open issues!)
      • 

    


    
Give it a try and let me know what you think!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Making html_of_jsx ~10x faster
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/making-html-of-jsx-10x-faster/17579=
/1

    

    

    

    David Sancho announced
    

    

    
Hello ocamlers,

    


    
I wrote a blog post about some optimizations I made in html_of_jsx=20=20

    


    
https://s=
ancho.dev/blog/making-html-of-jsx-10x-faster

    


    
I wanted to share it since those tricks are only possible at the preprocess=
 stage, and a library would fall short. html_of_jsx is a small library that=
 is used in a few places, but also a playground for server-reason-react (a =
bigger project).

    


    
Anyway, I'm still getting used to share some of the long forms of content, =
so feel free to give me some feedback/corrections or ask any question.

    

    

    

    

    

    Tyre - type-safe regular expressions 1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-tyre-type-safe-reg=
ular-expressions-1-0/17584/1

    

    

    

    Emile Trotignon announced
    

    

    
I am happy to announce the release of Tyre 1.0.

    


    
This release makes big changes to the typing: there is a whole host of far =
more practical combinators allowing you to write code like in a parser comb=
inator library :

    


    

    let url =3D
  let+ scheme =3D opt (const Http (str "http") <=
;|> const Https (str "http") &=
lt;* str "://")=20
  and+ host =3D rep_any
  and+ port =3D opt (str ":" *> pos_int)
  and+ path =3D list (str "/" *> rep_any)
  in
  (scheme, host, port, path)

    

    

    
(this is not a correct url parser by any means, its just to give an idea of=
 how you can use this lib)

    


    
This does not allow you to use eval, because only one directio=
n of the conversion is given (there is no code to convert from a url tuple)=
. However in the cases where you don't need eval this is far e=
asier to write. The difference is typed, you can't get runtime error by cal=
ling eval on the wrong regex.

    


    
There are also convencience changes such as charset and the matched_s=
tring function, that reduce the need to insert Re bits =
in your regexp.

    


    
Here is the full changelog:

    


      

    • Introduce charsets: contrary to Re, they have a different =
type from regex.
      • 

    • Type the difference between regexps that can be evaluated reversed and =
the
ones that cannot: (evaluable, 'a) Tyre.t and (non_evalua=
ble, 'a) Tyre.t.
      • 

    • Introduce alias type pattern for (non_evaluable, 'a)=
 Tyre.t.
      • 

    • Introduce val lift : ('a -> string) -> 'a pattern -> ('e=
, 'a) t to transform
a pattern into an expression by giving an explicit conversion function.
Also liftpp that does the same with better performance by usin=
g Format.
      • 

    • Introduce val unlift : (evaluable, 'a) t -> 'a pattern.=

      • 

    • Introduce val either: ('e, 'a) Tyre.t -> ('e, 'b) Tyre.t ->=
 ('e, ('a, 'b) Either.t) Tyre.t.
      • 

    • Change the type of alt to (_, 'a) t -> (_, 'a) t =
-> 'a pattern. Previous
users of alt should switch to either.
      • 

    • Introduce ~val alt_eval: ('a -> [~Left | ~Right]) -> ('e, '=
a) t -> ('e, 'a) t -> ('e, 'a) t~
This has flat typing but is compatible with eval.
      • 

    • Operators: <|> is alt, <||>=
 is either.
      • 

    • Introduce val map : ('a -> 'b) -> (_, 'a) t -> 'b patter=
n and its
corresponding operators: let+ and <$>.
      • 

    • Introduce (and+) which is an alias of seq.

    • Introduce val app: ('e, 'a -> 'b) t -> ('e, 'a) t -> 'b =
pattern and its
corresponding operator <*>
      • 

    • Introduce val matched_string : (_, 'a) t -> (_, string) t that discards the
computed value and just return the string that was matched.
      • 

    • Drop dependency on Result library. Stdlib is now used.
      • 

    • Introduce val rep_charset: Charset.t -> (_, string) t, =
and shortcut
val rep_any: (_, string) t.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Porting an OxCaml Project to Dune Package Management
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-po=
rting-an-oxcaml-project-to-dune-package-management/17582/1

    

    

    

    Sudha Parimala announced
    

    

    
I recently worked on porting the OxCaml tutorial to build with Dune Package Management. What=
 was initially anticipated as a straightforward change ended up uncovering =
a few issues and requiring several patches. I wrote about the experience he=
re: https://tensors.i=
nk/posts/oxcaml-dune-pkg. Any questions or feedback welcome!

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 09 to 16, 20=
25.

    



    

    Software Engineer (OCaml) – LexiFi, Paris
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-software-engineer-oc=
aml-lexifi-paris/17586/1

    

    

    

    Alain Frisch announced
    

    

    
Hi all,

    


    
LexiFi is looking for a Software =
Engineer to join our development team in Paris. The work is primarily i=
n OCaml, contributing to our codebase across core components, tooling, and =
product features.

    


    
If you're interested in working on a large, long-lived OCaml system used in=
 production by financial institutions, you can find the full job descriptio=
n here:
https://www.lexifi.com/careers/software_engineer/

    


    
Happy to answer any questions!

    

    

    

    

    

    Opam repository archival, next run (scheduled 2026-01-01)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repos=
itory-archival-next-run-scheduled-2026-01-01/17587/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
we did another run of the archival based on the x-maintenance-intent of opa=
m packages. The run was using opam-repository at co=
mmit d684c896eb6f7e6030d6ee65338d9db22a612f01 (Dec 9th, 20:00:00 CET).

    


    
The tool used is maintenance-intent-fil=
ter with opam 2.5 and OCaml 5.4. It took around 1GB of memory and aroun=
d 100h of CPU time (donations welcome=
).

    


    
In total, 4510 packages were candidates, out of which 3361 are scheduled fo=
r archival.

    

    

    

    Testing
    

    

    
To test whether your CI / lock / environment will be affected by the remova=
l of packages, you can create a fresh opam switch and use the opam-reposito=
ry from the branch:

    


    $ opam repository add archival-20260101 https://github.com/hannesm/opam-rep=
ository.git#archival-20260101
$ opam switch create archival-20260101  --repositories archival-20260101
$ eval `opam env`

    


    
Alternatively, in CI systems you can do temporarily for testing:

    

    $ opam repo set-url default https://github.com/hannesm/opam-repository.git#=
archival-20260101

    

    

    

    

    Reverting archival
    

    

    
If you want to preserve a package, please don=E2=80=99t hesitate to comment=
 on the issue https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/pull/29058

    


    
It is important that you include the package name and its version, as well =
as where it is used (preferably a URL), and a contact (email address).

    


    
Editor=E2=80=99s note: please follow the archive link for the list of pa=
ckages to be archived.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    blame, a simple webapp as an unikernel
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-blame-a-simple-weba=
pp-as-an-unikernel/17588/1

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the development of blame, a unikernel that provides a se=
arch engine in the form of a web interface based on an email archive.

    


    
This work is sponsored by NLnet as part o=
f our PTT project. For more d=
etails on the unikernel, our archive system, and our search engine, we reco=
mmend reading our article available here. This project is the synth=
esis of several projects on the subject:

    

      

    • mrmime to parse/encode=
 emails
      • 

    • carton to archive =
emails
      • 

    • stem to search email=
s
      • 

    • blaze like a Swiss A=
rmy knife for manipulating emails and archives
      • 

    • and of course some of our projects like miou, ut=
cp or vif
      • 

    


    
If you like our work, you can sponsor us via GitHub or by following the instructions available =
here. Thank you to everyone who h=
as participated in the development of these projects, whether directly or i=
ndirectly.

    


    
So, happy hacking "discriminating hackers" :) !

    

    

    

    

    

    A new kind of knowledge-base for OCaml's doc
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-new-kind-of-knowled=
ge-base-for-ocamls-doc/17593/1

    

    

    

    Mostafa Touny announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I have been following @sabine's post, https://=
discuss.ocaml.org/t/looking-for-maintainers-moderators-for-the-ocaml-cookbo=
ok/16497.

    


    
I really want to contribute but like any engineer, I am pressured on deadli=
nes, which incentivizes me to ask here or in Discord. There are even wonder=
ful books like Type Theory and Formal P=
roof, but I cannot allocate good time to read them.

    


    
That motivated me to think of a new mechanism, where documentations and que=
stion-answers are bridged, through Snippet project.

    


    
Someone asks a question like this. Instead of answering the question, you must contri=
bute a self-contained paragraph, called "snippet", then cite it in the ques=
tion. For example the question cites:

    



    
If some snippet gets a high number of citations, then that would be a signa=
l to contribute it to OCaml's documentations or OCamlverse. In other words, OCaml's cookbooks will be naturall=
y contributed as more people's questions get answered, and will be naturall=
y certified as more people cite it!

    


    
The project is built on Dream, open-source, and CC 4.0 licensed. I'd be hap=
py to see OCaml's maintainers self-host an instance of it in OCaml's offici=
al website. We could even design a voting mechanism to elect snippets for t=
he official documentation.

    


    
For now, I am happy to listen to your feedback.

    

    

    

    

    

    Serialport - new serial communication library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-serialport-ne=
w-serial-communication-library/17594/1

    

    

    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Hi there!

    


    
I'm happy to announce the first release of the serialport library. The library is planned to be a=
 cross-platform library for serial port communication in OCaml, which suppo=
rts both POSIX and Windows systems. It provides synchronous and asynchronou=
s interfaces using various I/O libraries (like Lwt and other).

    


    
The library currently only supports POSIX systems.

    



    

    

    

    


    
The main motivation behind creating this project is to address the lack of =
a comprehensive library for managing serial port communication in different=
 environments, as well as the lack of an intuitive API for this task. The e=
xisting OSerial libra=
ry has significant limitations in terms of functionality and future develop=
ment, making it unsuitable for use in modern environments.

    


    
The serial port library is most inspired by similar implementations in othe=
r languages, such as Rust's serialport and Golang's bugst/go-serial.

    

    

    

    Usage
    

    

    
Typically, an example of usage is communication between a PC and an Arduino=
 board or other devices via an old-school serial port.

    


    

    # #require "serialport.unix";;
 (* #require "serialport.lwt";;=
 *)

# let port_opts =3D Serialport.Port_options.make ~baud_rate:9600 ()
  and port_name =3D "=
/dev/ttyUSB0" in<=
/span>

  Serialport_unix.with_open_communication ~opts:port_opts port_name
    begin fun ser_port ->
      (* Get channels abstractions for =
high-level working with I/O without buffering. *)
      let ic, oc =3D Serialport_unix.<=
/span>to_channels ser_port in
      (* Wait until Arduino has been in=
itialized. *)
      Unix.sleep =
2;
      (* Send the message to the Arduin=
o via the serial port. *)
      Out_channel.output_string oc "Hello from PC!\n";
      (* Read the response from the ser=
ial port. *)
      In_channel.=
input_line ic
    end

    

    


    
Enjoy it!

    

    

    

    

    Windows supports
    

    

    
I will be implementing Windows support in the next version (coming soon).

    

    

    

    

    P.S.
    

    

    
I would be delighted to discuss your ideas and suggestion!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Lwt.6.0.0~beta (direct-style, multi-domain parallelism)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-=
6-0-0-beta-direct-style-multi-domain-parallelism/17283/8

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
lwt.6.0.0-beta01 has been released!

    


    
With this release comes a change in the title of this thread:

    

    

    - [ANN] Lwt.6.0.0~beta (direct-style, multi-domain parallelism)
+ [ANN] Lwt.6.0.0~beta (direct-style, runtime-event tracing)

    

    


    
This is likely the last beta before the release of Lwt.6.0.0, please test a=
nd share your feedback. The highlights are

    

      

    • (compared to previous beta) no more multidomain-multischeduler parallel=
ism

        

      • it was too buggy,
        • 

      • you can still use Lwt_domain
        • 

      • 

    • (compared to previous beta) runtime-events produce a trace of execution=
 of your lwt program for better debugging

        

      • only if lwt_runtime_events is installed,
        • 

      • tracing instructions added by ppx,
        • 

      • example producing a trace of recent events in case of crash in http=
s://github.com/ocsigen/lwt/tree/6.0.0-beta01/examples/tracing
        • 

      • example live monitoring the events to send signal in case of stall in <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/ocsigen/lwt/tree/6.0.0-beta01/examples/stall_d=
etection">https://github.com/ocsigen/lwt/tree/6.0.0-beta01/examples/stall_d=
etection
        • 

      • 

    • (compared to Lwt.5.9) direct-style with Lwt_direct

        

      • you can write direct-style lwt (within a given scope)
        • 

      • 
e.g., you can interact with libraries that only provide iter : ('a -&=
gt; unit) -> 'a -> unit such as

        

        

        let iter_s f h =
=3D
  Lwt_direct.spaw=
n @@ fun () ->
    Hashtbl.iter =
(fun k v ->=
; Lwt_direct.awai=
t (f k v)) h

        

        • 

      • 

    


    
Once again, thanks to @c-cube for the direct-style feature which makes it p=
ossible to use Lwt in conjunction with libraries even if they don't include=
 special amenities for it.

    


    
Thanks again for @edwin for the bug report on multi-scheduler-related failu=
res.

    

    

    

    

    

    Call for Participation: BOB 2026 (Berlin, Mar 13)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-participat=
ion-bob-2026-berlin-mar-13/17598/1

    

    

    

    Michael Sperber announced
    

    

    
Finally, lots of OCaml content at BOB!

    

    

    

    =E2=80=9CWhat happens when we use what=E2=80=99s best=
 for a change?=E2=80=9D
    

    



    
BOB conference is a place for developers, architects, and
decision-makers to explore technologies beyond the mainstream in
software development and to find the best tools available to software
developers today. Our goal is for all participants of BOB to return
home with new insights that enable them to improve their own software
development experience.

    

    

    

    

    Prog=
ram
    

    

    
The program features 1=
6 talks
and 8 tutorials on current topics.

    


    
Talk subjects includes functional programming, software architecture,
formal methods, accessibility, UI programming, reactive systems, and
domain-driven design.

    


    
BOB tutorial include sessions on TypeScript, OCaml, Haskell, Agda,
accessibility, and reactive systems.

    


    
Stefan Kaufmann will give the keynote talk on digital sovereignty.

    

    

    

    

    Registration
    

    

    
Registration is o=
pen - many discount options - including limited
early-bird discounts - are available, as are grants for members of
groups underrepresented in tech.

    

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Authentication-Results: mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr; dkim=none (message not signed) header.i=none; spf=SoftFail smtp.mailfrom=caml-list-owner@inria.fr; spf=None smtp.helo=postmaster@prod-sympa-app.inria.fr
Received-SPF: SoftFail (mail2-relais-roc.national.inria.fr:
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  ip4:128.93.162.3 ip4:128.93.162.88 ip4:89.107.174.7 mx ~all"
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From: Alan Schmitt 
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 16 to 23, 20=
25.

    



    

    Camp, the Caml Amp
    

    

    
Archive: https://inbox.ci.dev/caml-list/B7852825-335E-4F3=
F-87C0-7D10F14090DA@mpi-sws.org/

    

    

    

    Andreas Rossberg announced
    

    

    
Happy to share =E2=80=9CCamp=E2=80=9D, the Caml Amp =E2=80=94 an old-school=
 music player heavily inspired by good old Winamp, with a focus on decent m=
usic
library and playlist handling.

    


    
I was fed up with Winamp being dead and lacking features I wanted, so I wen=
t into full-on nerd mode and implemented my own
opinionated replacement, all in OCaml using the Raylib library:

    


    
https://mpi-sws.org/~rossbe=
rg/camp/

    


    
If you have not yet been sucked in by the streaming cartels, you might find=
 it useful.

    


      

    • Runs on Windows, Mac, and Linux
      • 

    • Support for WAV, FLAC, MP3, OGG, QOA, MOD, and XM
      • 

    • Advanced music library management with many browse and search features<=
/li>

    • Elaborate playlist manipulation and query-based =E2=80=9Csmart=E2=80=9D=
 playlists
      • 

    • Animated user interface styled after hifi when it still looked good
(no corners were rounded in the making of this app)
      • 

    


    
Enjoy,
/Andreas

    

    

    

    

    

    Ahrefs Grant Program for OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ahrefs-grant-program-for-ocaml/176=
04/1

    

    

    

    Louis Roch=C3=A9 announced
    

    

    
Ahrefs is excited to announce a new Ahrefs Grant Program for OCaml t=
o support projects in the OCaml ecosystem. This effort comes in addition to=
 the other sponsorships we do (such as the OCSF, the ICFP and Fun OCaml conferences, github sponsoring, and various other projects) We are allocating money =
to fund one or multiple initiatives that help advance OCaml and its tooling.

    


    
You can learn more about our engineering culture and opensource support wor=
k at https://ahrefs.com/tech

    

    

    

    Call for Applications
    

    

    
We invite individuals, teams, and organizations working with OCaml to submi=
t proposals for funding. Our goal is to support meaningful, practical impro=
vements to the ecosystem, whether through new tools, libraries, infrastruct=
ure, education, or long=E2=80=91term maintenance of existing projects.

    


    
Applications should be submitted through this google form.

    


    
The deadline for submissions is January 20th 2026.

    

    

    

    

    What We Are Looking For
    

    

    
We welcome proposals that:

    


      

    • Strengthen the OCaml compiler or core libraries
      • 

    • Improve developer experience (tooling, documentation, debugging, profil=
ing, packaging, =E2=80=A6)
      • 

    • Expand the OCaml ecosystem through new libraries or modernization of ke=
y dependencies
      • 

    • Enhance reliability, performance, or safety of OCaml=E2=80=91based syst=
ems
      • 

    • Support education, community infrastructure, or long=E2=80=91term maint=
enance
      • 

    


    
Both small and large initiatives are welcome. We will prioritize projects t=
hat will have lasting impact and will be maintained.

    


    
The selection of proposal will necessarily be subjective and depend on our =
priorities and interests.

    

    

    

    

    Funding
    

    

    
Applicants may request up to USD 50,000 in support per project. We m=
ay award a single project or distribute among several proposals.

    

    

    

    

    How to Apply
    

    

    
Your application should follow the format below and be sent through this google form.

    


    
Please be short and to the point in your answers; focus primarily on the wh=
at and how, not so much on the why. If English isn't your first language, d=
on't worry =E2=80=94 our reviewers don't care about spelling errors, only a=
bout great ideas. You can be as technical as you need to be. Do stay specif=
ic.

    

    

      

    • 1. Contact Information
      

      

        

      • Name
        • 

      • Organization (if applicable)
        • 

      • Email address
        • 

      • Country
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • 2. General Project Information
      

      

        

      • Title
        • 

      • Abstract (up to 1200 characters) Explain the whole project and its expected outcome(s).
        • 

      • Yourself or the team (2500 characters) Who is participating? Hav=
e you been involved with similar or related projects? Please provide backgr=
ound information and describe your past contributions.
        • 

      • Website (if any)
        • 

      • License Under which license will the project be distributed? It =
must be an open source license.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • 3. Requested Support
      

      

        

      • Requested Amount (up to USD 50,000)
        • 

      • Budget and Breakdown (up to 2500 characters) Explain what the bu=
dget will be used for. Are there other funding sources? Include a breakdown=
 of tasks, estimated effort, and explicit rates.
        • 

      • Describe your project and its technical challenges (up to 5000 c=
haracters) What are significant technical challenges you expect to solve du=
ring the project, if any? Compare your own project with existing or histori=
cal efforts. E.g. what is new, more thorough or otherwise different.
        • 

      • Ecosystem and Outreach (up to 1200 characters) Describe the proj=
ect ecosystem and how you will engage with relevant actors or promote the a=
doption.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Questions
    

    

    
If you have questions prior to submitting an application, feel free to reac=
h out at grants@ahrefs.com.

    


    
We look forward to support the work that will move the OCaml ecosystem forw=
ard.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Call for Contributions: Caml in the Capital (Feb 26)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-contri=
butions-caml-in-the-capital-feb-26/17606/1

    

    

    

    "Alistair O'Brien announced
    

    

    
Hey all =F0=9F=91=8B,=20

    


    
A quick follow-up on Caml in the Capital: the first meetup is now confirmed=
 =F0=9F=8E=89.=20

    


    
When: Thursday 26th February 2026, 6:30-8:30pm

    


    
Where: Imperial College London, Flowers Building=20

    


    
Thanks to everyone who helped settle on a date!=20

    

    

    

    Call for contributions
    

    

    
We=E2=80=99re still looking for presenters! Talks are workshop-style: anyth=
ing from an accessible introduction of your work or research, a deep dive i=
nto your library, a live demo, or a tutorial.=20

    


    
If you=E2=80=99d like to give a talk, please message me or @giltho directly=
 with:=20

    

      

    • A title
      • 

    • Short abstract
      • 

    • Expected time slot
      • 

    


    
Deadline: 1st February 2026

    


    
We=E2=80=99ve set a deadline so we have enough time to finalize the program=
me and handle the practical organisation (room setup, schedule, announcemen=
ts, etc.).

    

    

    

    

    Call for participation
    

    

    
You=E2=80=99re very welcome to attend even if you=E2=80=99re not presenting=
. If you plan to attend, please register here.

    



    
Many thanks to Imperial College for hosting us and OCaml Software Foundatio=
n for funding us!! :raised_hands:=20

    


    
Alistair & Sacha

    

    

    

    

    

    Sacha Ayoun later added
    

    

    
If there are any additional questions on registration, organisation, logist=
ics, feel free to ask questions in this thread, or in the [dedicated Zulip =
channel]( https://ocaml.zulipchat.com/#narrow/channel/553375-Caml-I=
n-The-Capital) =F0=9F=99=82

    

    

    

    

    

    Dream =E2=80=93 looking for maintainers to take ownership
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dream-looking-for=
-maintainers-to-take-ownership/17607/1

    

    

    

    Anton Bachin announced
    

    

    
Dream, the Web fr=
amework, is looking for a maintenance team!

    


    
I originally wrote Dream in 2021, and actively maintained it for several ye=
ars. It has gotten many great contributions from other authors since its fi=
rst release, for which I am very grateful!

    


    
At the present time, I am no longer in a position to sustainably maintain D=
ream. I=E2=80=99d like to yield it to one or several maintainers, who would=
 have the ability to pursue their vision, bring their ideas, credibly seek =
funding for work that substantially affects it, and cite it on their resume=
 or elsewhere. In other words, to take ownership of it. I would stay on in =
an advisory role, to transfer knowledge, help negotiate, and assist in vari=
ous ways, as a volunteer.

    


    
We=E2=80=99ve already been having Dream community development meetings over=
 on Discord since August, which have been very helpful. Last month, I trans=
ferred Dream to an org on GitHub. It=E2=80=99s ready for the next step :sli=
ght_smile:=20

    


    
Dream has a very large amount of interesting work to do. The original motiv=
ation was not only to create a modern, highly ergonomic Web framework in a =
minimal sense, but to do a whole tour through the OCaml Web development eco=
system and address every other place where a major library is missing, or w=
here quality of life can be improved. See the roadmap for some of the many ideas.

    


    
In fact, we had started working on this back in 2022 with a small team of p=
eople, and created an OAuth library. That enterprise was unfortunately term=
inated by events outside our control, and the logical step now is for me to=
 yield control of Dream itself to a differently structured team, for its na=
tural development :slight_smile:=20

    


    
If you=E2=80=99re interested, please DM me here on Discuss! If you have suc=
h, please link your projects related to Web development, or where you have =
been a maintainer. Let me know if you=E2=80=99re a user of Dream, and what =
you=E2=80=99d like to see in Web development in OCaml.

    


    
Thank you!

    

    

    

    

    

    QCheck 0.90: The Great Renaming
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-90-the-great-rena=
ming/17613/1

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce release 0.90 of the QCheck packages. QCheck i=
s an
OCaml library for randomized property-based testing in the style of Haskell=
's
QuickCheck.

    


    
https://git=
hub.com/c-cube/qcheck/releases/tag/v0.90

    


    
It has been over 12 years and 40 releases since @c-cube released version 0.1
back in October 2013. Over this period QCheck has grown organically

    

      

    • with new combinators on a "by-need" basis and
      • 

    • with a separate QCheck2 module offering generators with in=
tegrated shrinking.
      • 

    


    
This has unfortunately resulted in a bit of a naming mess with inconsistent
generator names. For example, the (now deprecated) small_int c=
ombinator will
generate only small non-negative numbers, and a combinator for generating
positive integers uniformly is named either pint or pos_=
int across different
QCheck modules.

    


    
The 0.90 release thus takes on a cleanup under the heading "The Great Renam=
ing".
To guide the renaming process, we have assembled a list of hard-learned
naming principles:

    


      

    • Generator names should align with type names (bool, =
char, … list, option) to be as pred=
ictable as possible
      • 

    • We should have short, unparameterized generators (int, string, …) to lower the barrier to entry
      • 

    • Specialized generators also start with the type name, but use a consist=
ent suffix (_pos, _neg, _size, _of, …) to help find them, e.g., with tab-completion
      • 

    • We may include a few shorthand names for convenience (e.g., nat)
      • 

    • Overall we aim to be as consistent as possible, e.g., offering similar =
signatures
across generator interfaces (QCheck.Gen, QCheck.arbitrar=
y, and QCheck2.Gen)
      • 

    


    
The 0.90 release thus both

    

      

    • introduces a range of new (and hopefully more consistent) combinator na=
mes and
      • 

    • deprecates a sizable number of old, inconsistent combinator names
      • 

    


    
The deprecated combinators have been annotated with @@deprecated attributes.

    


    
Rather than let a couple more years pass with an even bigger and more confu=
sing
name pool, we are using this opportunity to prepare a long overdue 1.0.0
release, where we will remove the old, deprecated combinator names.

    


    
We understand that updating existing tests to the new names takes some effo=
rt, but appeal to
users that this should be a one-time investment to

    

      

    • offer more consistent and easier to recall combinator names and simulta=
neously
      • 

    • let us clean up QCheck tech debt and address a long-time pain point.

    



    
The changes are summarized in a record-long CHANGELOG section for the relea=
se:

    


    
https:=
//github.com/c-cube/qcheck/blob/v0.90/CHANGELOG.md

    


    
and c-cube/qcheck#3=
66 provides a run down of the renaming process.

    


    
For more details, see the following list of PRs:

    





    
Finally, on behalf of the maintainers I would like to thank

    

      

    • the various folks contributing to QCheck over the past 12 years and
      • 

    • the OCaml Software Foundation for financially supporting the work on th=
ese
past three releases.
      • 

    



    
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    Old CWN
    

    

    
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Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 23 to 30,
2025.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Release of pacomb 1.4
Raven Dev Meetings
Frontmatter_extractor.0.1
QCheck 0.90: The Great Renaming
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Release of pacomb 1.4
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Christophe Raffalli announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear camlers, I am pleased to announce the release of pacomb 1.4.

  Pacomb is a library + ppx to write grammars. It support: self
  extensible grammars, ambiguous grammars (with merge), late rejection
  of rule via raising exception from action code, priority and
  others. Is it relatively fast because it is compiled to efficient
  combinators. More details are available in the [git page] and the
  [documentation].

  As teaser, the usual calculator example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 (* The three levels of priorities *)
  =E2=94=82 type p =3D Atom | Prod | Sum
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let%parser rec
  =E2=94=82      (* This includes each priority level in the next one *)
  =E2=94=82      expr p =3D Atom < Prod < Sum
  =E2=94=82             (* all other rules are selected by their priority l=
evel *)
  =E2=94=82             ; (p=3DAtom) (x::FLOAT)                        =3D>=
 x
  =E2=94=82             ; (p=3DAtom) '(' (e::expr Sum) ')'             =3D>=
 e
  =E2=94=82             ; (p=3DProd) (x::expr Prod) '*' (y::expr Atom) =3D>=
 x*.y
  =E2=94=82             ; (p=3DProd) (x::expr Prod) '/' (y::expr Atom) =3D>=
 x/.y
  =E2=94=82             ; (p=3DSum ) (x::expr Sum ) '+' (y::expr Prod) =3D>=
 x+.y
  =E2=94=82             ; (p=3DSum ) (x::expr Sum ) '-' (y::expr Prod) =3D>=
 x-.y
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here is a list of the main changes from 1.3:

  =E2=80=A2 Add a "not charset combinator" for regexp `\[!...\]', it is dis=
tinct
    from `\[^...\]' as it parses nothing.
  =E2=80=A2 File was not closed by Grammar.parse_file in case of parse error
  =E2=80=A2 New Grammar.set_debug_merge to allow debugging ambiguous gramma=
rs
    (report by Matthieu Lemerre)
  =E2=80=A2 Compatibility with latest ocaml and ppxlib
  =E2=80=A2 Travis action to check compilation
  =E2=80=A2 Various documentation fix

  Possible roadmap for future version:

  =E2=80=A2 1.5 : integrate a lexical entry for ocaml code with call back f=
or
    specific {xxx| =E2=80=A6 |xxx}. This is code existing in simple_httpd=
=E2=80=99s
    chaml parser (equivalent to php but in cocaml), that I wish to
    integrate in pacomb.
  =E2=80=A2 2.0 : rewrite the combinators with algebraic effects. The seman=
tics
    will be much better than the current implementation using
    references.

  Cheers,

  Christophe


[git page] 

[documentation] 


Raven Dev Meetings
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We'll be skipping the dev meeting on the 29th for the holidays, so the
  next Raven dev meeting will be on *Monday, January 5, 2026, at 10:00
  AM CET (2:30 PM IST)*.

  Link: 


Frontmatter_extractor.0.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Mikhail announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Hi there! :waving_hand:

  I am writing again about my new library, which I must create, because
  there is simply no alternative available.

  [Frontmatter_extractor] is a small library that extracts the front
  matter section of a text file. It is commonly used in static content
  generators (blog engines, etc), such as those that convert Markdown
  files into HTML or other formats.

  *Example of usage*

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let some_text =3D {|
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82 title: "My First Blog Post"
  =E2=94=82 date: 2025-12-1
  =E2=94=82 ---
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 Hello! It's just some text...
  =E2=94=82 |};;
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Extract frontmatter as plain text.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # Frontmatter_extractor.of_string some_text;;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 - : Frontmatter_extractor.extracted =3D
  =E2=94=82 {Frontmatter_extractor.matter =3D
  =E2=94=82   Some "\ntitle: \"My First Blog Post\"\ndate: 2025-12-1\n";
  =E2=94=82  body =3D "\n\nHello! It's just some text...\n"}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Extract the front matter as parsed YAML values. The yaml library needs
  to be installed.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # Frontmatter_extractor_yaml.of_string_exn some_text;;
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 - : Frontmatter_extractor_yaml.extracted =3D
  =E2=94=82 {Frontmatter_extractor_yaml.attrs =3D
  =E2=94=82   Some
  =E2=94=82    (`O [("title", `String "My First Blog Post"); ("date", `Stri=
ng "2025-12-1")]);
  =E2=94=82  body =3D "\n\nHello! It's just some text...\n"}
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *P.S.*

  It's not fully tested, but it's usable as a first version.


[Frontmatter_extractor]



QCheck 0.90: The Great Renaming
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Jan Midtgaard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Version 0.91 of the QCheck packages is now available:

  

  This release adds [ocamlmig] annotations to most of the renamed
  combinators, in an attempt to ease migration for users. From my
  experiments so far, these work pretty well and allowed me to port
  [multicoretests] with little effort. Thanks to @raphael-proust for the
  suggestion and @v-gb for a nice tool! :folded_hands:

  Happy migration and testing! :smiley:


[ocamlmig] 

[multicoretests] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [AoAH Day 25: Claude OCaml Marketplace for all your festive cod=
ing
    needs]
  =E2=80=A2 [AoAH Day 24: Tuatara, an evolving Atom aggregator that mutates]
  =E2=80=A2 [AoAH Day 23: Unpac unifies git branching with package manageme=
nt]
  =E2=80=A2 [AoAH Day 22: Assembling monorepos for agentic OCaml developmen=
t]
  =E2=80=A2 [AoAH Day 21: Complete dynamic HTML5 validation in OCaml and the
    browser]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[AoAH Day 25: Claude OCaml Marketplace for all your festive coding
needs] 

[AoAH Day 24: Tuatara, an evolving Atom aggregator that mutates]


[AoAH Day 23: Unpac unifies git branching with package management]


[AoAH Day 22: Assembling monorepos for agentic OCaml development]


[AoAH Day 21: Complete dynamic HTML5 validation in OCaml and the
browser] 


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 23 to 30, 20=
25.

    



    

    Release of pacomb 1.4
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/release-of-pacomb-1-4/17630/1

    

    

    

    Christophe Raffalli announced
    

    

    
Dear camlers, I am pleased to announce the release of pacomb  1.4.=20

    


    
Pacomb is a library + ppx to write grammars. It support: self extensible gr=
ammars, ambiguous grammars (with merge), late rejection of rule via raising=
 exception from action code, priority and others. Is it relatively fast bec=
ause it is compiled to efficient combinators. More details are available in=
 the git page and the documentation.

    


    
As teaser, the usual calculator example:

    


    

    (* T=
he three levels of priorities *)
type p =3D Atom | Prod | Sum

let%parser rec
     (* This includes each priority lev=
el in the next oneexpr p =3D Atom < Prod &l=
t; Sum
            (* <=
span style=3D"color: #8f6f4a; font-style: italic;">all other rules are sele=
cted by their priority level *)
            ; (p=3DAtom) (x::FLOAT)                        =3D> x
            ; (p=3DAtom) '(' (e::=
expr Sum) ')'             =3D> e
            ; (p=3DProd) (x::expr Prod) '*' (y::expr Atom) =3D>=
 x*.y
            ; (p=3DProd) (x::expr Prod) '/' (y::expr Atom) =3D>=
 x/.y
            ; (p=3DSum ) (x::expr Sum ) '+' (y::expr Prod) =3D>=
 x+.y
            ; (p=3DSum ) (x::expr Sum ) '-' (y::expr Prod) =3D>=
 x-.y

    

    


    
Here is a list of the main changes from 1.3:

    


      

    • Add a "not charset combinator" for regexp \[!...\], it is =
distinct from \[^...\] as it parses nothing.
      • 

    • File was not closed by Grammar.parse_file in case of parse error
      • 

    • New Grammar.set_debug_merge to allow debugging ambiguous grammars (repo=
rt by Matthieu Lemerre)
      • 

    • Compatibility with latest ocaml and ppxlib
      • 

    • Travis action to check compilation
      • 

    • Various documentation fix
      • 

    


    
Possible roadmap for future version:

    


      

    • 1.5 : integrate a lexical entry for ocaml code with call back for speci=
fic {xxx| =E2=80=A6 |xxx}. This is code existing in simple_httpd=E2=80=99s =
chaml parser (equivalent to php but in cocaml), that I wish to integrate in=
 pacomb.
      • 

    • 2.0 : rewrite the combinators with algebraic effects. The semantics wil=
l be much better than the current implementation using references.
      • 

    


    
Cheers,

    


    
Christophe

    

    

    

    

    

    Raven Dev Meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-raven-dev-meetings/17596/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
We'll be skipping the dev meeting on the 29th for the holidays, so the next=
 Raven dev meeting will be on Monday, January 5, 2026, at 10:00 AM CET (=
2:30 PM IST).

    


    
Link: https://meet.google.=
com/giw-bsdy-sjf

    

    

    

    

    

    Frontmatter_extractor.0.1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-frontmatter-extractor-0-1/17634=
/1

    

    

    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Hi there! :waving_hand:=20

    


    
I am writing again about my new library, which I must create, because there=
 is simply no alternative available.

    


    
Frontmatter_ext=
ractor  is a small library that extracts the front matter section of a =
text file. It is commonly used in static content generators (blog engines, =
etc), such as those that convert Markdown files into HTML or other formats.

    


    
Example of usage

    


    

    let some_text =3D =
{|
---
title: "My First Blog Post"
date: 2025-12-1
---

Hello! It's just some text...
|};;

    

    


    
Extract frontmatter as plain text.

    

    

    # Frontmatter_extractor.of_string some_text;;

- : Frontmatter_extracto=
r.extracted =3D
{Frontmatter_extractor.<=
/span>matter =3D
  Some "\ntitle: \"My First Blog Post\"\ndate: 2025-12-1\n";
 body =3D "\n\nHello! It's just some text..=
.\n"}

    

    


    
Extract the front matter as parsed YAML values. The yaml library needs to b=
e installed.

    


    

    # Frontmatter_extractor_yaml.of_string_exn some_text;;

- : Frontmatter_extracto=
r_yaml.extracted =3D
{Frontmatter_extractor_y=
aml.attrs =3D
  Some
   (`O [("title", `String "My First Blog Post"); ("date", `String =
"2025-12-1")]);
 body =3D "\n\nHello! It's just some text..=
.\n"}

    

    


    
P.S.

    


    
It's not fully tested, but it's usable as a first version.

    

    

    

    

    

    QCheck 0.90: The Great Renaming
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-90-the-great-rena=
ming/17613/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
Version 0.91 of the QCheck packages is now available:

    


    
https://git=
hub.com/c-cube/qcheck/releases/tag/v0.91

    


    
This release adds ocamlmig=
 annotations to most of the renamed combinators, in an attempt to ease migr=
ation for users. From my experiments so far, these work pretty well and all=
owed me to port multicoretests with little effort. Thanks to @raphael-proust for the=
 suggestion and @v-gb for a nice tool! :folded_hands:=20

    


    
Happy migration and testing! :smiley:

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of December 30, 2025 to =
January 06, 2026.

    



    

    Announcing the first release of Alice, a radical OCaml build s=
ystem
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/announcing-the-first-release-of-alice-a-radical-ocaml-build-system/17472=
/20

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Alice v0.3.0 i=
s out! This introduces a breaking change which is that Alice now follows th=
e XDG Ba=
se Directory Spec in lieu of creating a ~/.alice directory.

    


    
To migrate from an older version:

    

      

    • Delete ~/.alice.
      • 

    • If you have a block in your shell config starting with # BEGIN co=
nfiguration from Alice installer, remove that block.
      • 

    • If you installed Alice with the installation script then run the script=
 again (instructions here=
).
      • 

    • If you used Alice to install OCaml tools, you'll need to reinstall thos=
e tools (run alice tools install).
      • 

    • If you've configured a custom sandbox template with Visual Studio Code =
for any Alice projects, change the template based on the new LSP instructio=
ns for Visual Studio Code here.
      • 

    


    
To enable bash/zsh completions for Alice, source the appropriate file from =
~/.local/share/alice/env.

    

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt later added
    

    

    
Alice v0.4.0 i=
s out. The main change is that package manifests now use KDL instead of TOML. See this post for the motivation for th=
is change. There's a migration guide here.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml/opam package manager support for Dependabot - I need you=
r help
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/ocaml-opam-package-manager-support-for-dependabot-i-need-your-help/17656/=
1

    

    

    

    Jakub Polak announced
    

    

    
Hello OCaml community! =F0=9F=98=8A

    


    
Let's kick off the new year with something exciting! I just created a Pull =
Request to dependabot-core that adds support for Opam in OCaml. This could =
be super useful for all of us using this ecosystem in our projects!

    


    
https:=
//github.com/dependabot/dependabot-core/pull/13877

    


    
But the Dependabot maintainers emphasized that maintaining new ecosystems r=
equires community support (check their comment here: https://github.com/dependabot/dependabot-core/pull/13711#is=
suecomment-3659899321). They already have 3 community-maintained ecosys=
tems and want more, but only if the community helps with long-term updater =
support.

    


    
They will be looking for volunteers to help maintain this =E2=80=93 in test=
ing, fixes, or ongoing maintenance. We can push this together if you really=
 want it.

    


    
What do you think?

    

    

    

    

    

    shakuhachi 0.1.0 - A music collection manager
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-shakuhachi-0-=
1-0-a-music-collection-manager/17659/1

    

    

    

    EruEri announced
    

    

    
Dear all,

    


    
I humbly announce shakuhachi `0.1.0`.

    


    
Shakuhachi is a music collection manager. It aims to be a rather simple col=
lection manager extensible by plugins. It organizes musics into an artist/a=
lbum directory structure, can handle multiple collections and provides a me=
chanism similar to GitHub - beetbox/beet for querying a collec=
tion.  Shakuhachi also exposes some of its internals which allows to hook i=
t inside other applications.

    


    
You can visit the source code at codeberg - erueri/shakuhachi.

    


    
You can also see an example of integrating shakuhachi inside a C++ music pl=
ayer codeberg=
 - erueri/audacious-skhc-plugin.

    


    
Sincerely yours.

    

    

    

    

    Christian Lindig later said
    

    



    
This is an MP3 player that claims to have good library management - maybe w=
orth a comparison.

    

    

    

    

    

    .mlx syntax dialect
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mlx-syntax-dialect/15035/22

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Andrey Popp announced
    

    

    
Some updates from .mlx team (@davesnx and me):=20

    


      

    • mlx 0.11 is released, OCaml 5.4 support + some lexer improvements
      • 

    • ocamlformat-mlx 0.28.1 is released, OCaml 5.4 support + formatting impr=
ovements
      • 

    • ocaml-lsp-server and vscode=E2=80=99s OCaml Platform extension now have=
 first class support for .mlx
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-posix release 4.0.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-posix-release-4-0-0/17670=
/1

    

    

    

    Romain Beauxis announced
    

    

    
Hi there!

    


    
I=E2=80=99m happy to report the release of ocaml-posix version=
 4.0.0: htt=
ps://github.com/savonet/ocaml-posix

    


    
This collection of modules was started some time ago with the goal of centr=
alizing and normalizing the patterns for binding constants, types (includin=
g C stuct ) and functions from the POSIX standard using =
ctypes.

    


    
The goal is to offer:

    


      

    • A common set of tools and practices for structuring and binding using <=
code>ctypes.
      • 

    • APIs and modules suitable for low-level ctypes use.
      • 

    • High level APIs and modules suitable for direct OCaml use.
      • 

    • Multi platform compatibility: *BSD, linux, macos and ~windows~when available.
      • 

    • Cross-platform compilation using dune's awesome cross-comp=
ilation support when applicable (currently only posix-errno~and ~posi=
x-socket)
      • 

    


    
With this release, 4 new modules have been added:

    


      

    • posix-errno to deal with unix error numbers. Although ther=
e are some alternatives already existing, this one is a more straight-forwa=
rd and modern implementation using dune for building with cros=
s-compilation and multi-platform support.
      • 

    • posix-stat, posix-resource and the extensive =
posix-unistd.
      • 

    


    
Hopefully these modules can be useful to more developers and provide a comm=
on platform for interfacing OCaml programs with system calls in a portable =
and extensible way!

    

    

    

    FAQ:
    

    

      

    • Why is this not using dune's direct support for ctyp=
es?
      • 

    


    
Cross-compilation support requires running binary compiled for the target (=
e.g. windows) on the host (e.g. linux) in order t=
o extract specific data points such as C constants values and C struct entr=
ies offset. Currently, this is not supported using dune' built=
in ctypes support. However, support for this is being worked on.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 06 to 13,
2026.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

camlid: A library for building C stub generators
restricted 1.1 - Restrict possible system operations and filesystem view of=
 your program
OCaml Security Team 2025 End-Of-Year Report
Lwt.6.0.0 release (direct-style, tracing)
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


camlid: A library for building C stub generators
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Bobot announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear all,

  I'm happy to announce the first release of [camlid] ([documentation]).

  While there are many C stub generators for OCaml, **camlid** takes a
  different approach: it is an OCaml library designed to help you build
  custom C stub generators.

  *Key Comparisons*:

  =E2=80=A2 Vs. *Ctypes*: Manipulation of C structures stays in C. You don't
    need to replicate C type descriptions in OCaml, keeping the
    compilation and maintenance simple.
  =E2=80=A2 Vs. *Camlidl/SWIG*: The generator is written in pure OCaml. This
    makes it easier to factorize and customize your bindings without
    resorting to `m4', `sed', or complex external DSLs.

  *Highlighted Features*:

  =E2=80=A2 *Library-specific initialization*: Easily handle data structure
     setup.
  =E2=80=A2 *Native Optimization*: supports `unboxed~/~untagged' parameters=
 in
     native mode.
  =E2=80=A2 *Automated Definitions*: Automatically generates the C/OCaml
     definitions your generated code uses. Referencing a generated C
     function name in your generated OCaml code automatically triggers
     its generation in the C file.
  =E2=80=A2 *Free Variables*: Generated functions can contain free variables
     that are automatically added as formal parameters. This allows you
     to easily pass a global "context" or "handle" through a generic
     function without manual boilerplate.

  *Example Usage*: Using the built-in helpers, a generator is as simple
   as:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 open Camlid
  =E2=94=82 open Helper
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82  let () =3D Generate.to_file
  =E2=94=82     (* Indicates the basename used for the generated files *)
  =E2=94=82     "mylib"
  =E2=94=82     (* Indicates header to include *)
  =E2=94=82     ~headers:["alib.h"]
  =E2=94=82   [
  =E2=94=82     func "f_input" [ input int_trunc];
  =E2=94=82     func "f_output" [ output (ptr_ref int_trunc)];
  =E2=94=82     func "f_with_res" [] ~result:int_trunc;
  =E2=94=82     func "f_no_arg_no_result" [];
  =E2=94=82   ]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Only the `mli' of the generated module remains to be written with the
  documentation. For the first function above, the parameter is
  correctly marked as `untagged' (for OCaml versions that support it):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 external f_input: (int [@untagged]) -> unit =3D "camlid_stub_f_=
input_byte" "camlid_stub_f_input"
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A more complex example (converting the `flint' binding from Ctypes)
  can be found [here].

  The API is still experimental, and I would love to hear your feedback
  on the organization and naming! The package is already in the opam
  repository.

  (The [modern-ocaml] template is awesome!)


[camlid] 

[documentation] 

[here]


[modern-ocaml] 


restricted 1.1 - Restrict possible system operations and filesystem view of=
 your program
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


removewingman announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I would like to announce a new package [restricted].

  This library lets you limit which system operations and which parts of
  the filesystem your program can access. Call it as early as possible
  in your program so that the rest of the code runs with reduced
  privileges. Currently, actual enforced restrictions are implemented
  for these operating systems:

  =E2=80=A2 OpenBSD

  Even on other operating systems, you can still use `restricted' to
  document which privileges your program needs. Users can then test that
  your program respects these promises with tools such as [pledge on
  Linux]. Enjoy ;)

  =E2=80=A2 opam: 
  =E2=80=A2 homepage: 
  =E2=80=A2 Documented Interface and Examples:
    
  =E2=80=A2 License: [AGPL]

  This is my first ocaml library so feel free to give feedback.


[restricted] 

[pledge on Linux] 

[AGPL] 


OCaml Security Team 2025 End-Of-Year Report
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

OCaml Security Team 2025 End-Of-Year Report
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  In May of 2025, the OCaml Software Foundation encouraged the formation
  of an OCaml Security Team, which would handle issues and provide
  guidance for improving software security in the OCaml
  ecosystem. Throughout 2025, the team has been building structure and
  procedures to accomplish these goals. A regular public update on the
  team's activity is among many good ideas taken from the Haskell
  Security Response Team, and we hope the community will find this first
  public update useful.

  The team consists of:

  =E2=80=A2 Hannes Mehnert - @hannesm - individual, robur.coop
  =E2=80=A2 Mindy Preston - @yomimono - individual
  =E2=80=A2 Joe - @cfcs - individual
  =E2=80=A2 Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k - @edwintorok - individual
  =E2=80=A2 Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r - @nojb - LexiFi
  =E2=80=A2 Louis Roch=C3=A9 - @Khady - ahrefs
  =E2=80=A2 Boning Dong - Bloomberg

  Until December 2025:
  =E2=80=A2 Maxim Grankin - @maxim092001 - Bloomberg

  The newly created website [ocaml.org/security] gives some guidelines
  for people finding security issues.


[ocaml.org/security] 


Contact and Disclosure Process
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The team established a procedure for reporting security issues as one
  of its first activities. The security disclosure process is available
  at
  
  . The OCaml Security Team can also be contacted at security@ocaml.org
  for matters besides vulnerability disclosure. Mails to
  security@ocaml.org are not public.

  The public, announce-only mailing list
  
  will broadcast information on security advisories.

  These procedures were [announced in July 2025].


[announced in July 2025]



Vulnerability Database
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A public vulnerability database for OCaml software is another of the
  Security Team's goals. We indend to accomplish this by publishing
  information from the existing, but empty
   to the public [osv.dev]
  database (again borrowing a good idea from the Haskell SRT). Some work
  on a pipeline for publishing advisories there and backporting existing
  advisories is ongoing.


[osv.dev] 


Tool development
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  An OCaml library that supports the [package URL] "purl" was developed
  and released to the opam-repository
  (,
  ). In the process, we propose to make
  the policy for opam-repository more strict to have immutable packages
  (where the source is not modified):
  . We also propose
  to integrate opam into the package URL specification
  .

  The vulnerability database mentioned above hosts advisories in
  markdown (with some opam-file-format metadata header). We developed
  [tooling] to convert these into json (following the json schema from
  osv.dev). We also made OCaml/opam known for the schema
  .


[package URL] 

[tooling] 


Public Meetings and Presentations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  On September 15, Hannes Mehnert gave an introduction to the OCaml
  Security Team at [FUN OCaml] in Warsaw.

  Maxim Grankin gave a talk ["Towards a More Secure OCaml Ecosystem"] at
  the OCaml Users and Developers Workshop in October of 2025, which is
  available at  .

  On October 22 2025, the Security Team held a public meeting, for which
  the notes are available at
   .


[FUN OCaml] 

["Towards a More Secure OCaml Ecosystem"]



Advisories
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A potential clickjacking issue with ocurrent's web interface was
  reported to the Security Team by Kunal Mhaske was fixed by Mark Elvers
  in  .

  No other communications with the security team have resulted in
  publicly available remediation information or advisories.


Future Plans
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The Security Team has received a lot of interest in the advisory
  database mentioned above, and this work is a high priority for the
  team.

  The Security Team also hopes to publish security guides for OCaml
  programmers and project maintainers.

  The OCaml Software Foundation has indicated that some funding may be
  available for projects that make OCaml more secure. The Security Team
  is actively developing a process for soliciting and evaluating
  proposals, as discussed in the October public meeting.


Acknowledgements
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The Security Team is an initiative of the OCaml Software Foundation
  and is grateful to the OCSF and its sponsors for their support.


Lwt.6.0.0 release (direct-style, tracing)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Version 6.0.0 of Lwt has been [released] through opam! This new
  version of Lwt brings the following notable additions:

  =E2=80=A2 Lwt_direct: a package/library for using Lwt in
    direct-style. (Contribution from @c-cube)
  =E2=80=A2 Lwt_runtime_events: a package/library for emmitting runtime-eve=
nts.

  Check the [release notes] for a full changelog), including removal of
  some deprecated values.


[released] 

[release notes] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Roundup: December 2025]
  =E2=80=A2 [Opam 104: Sharing Your Code]
  =E2=80=A2 [Devcontainer for using O(x)Caml and Claude in your projects]
  =E2=80=A2 [What would make OCaml serverless ready?]
  =E2=80=A2 [Fun with Algebraic Effects - from Toy Examples to Hardcaml
    Simulations]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[OCaml Roundup: December 2025]


[Opam 104: Sharing Your Code]


[Devcontainer for using O(x)Caml and Claude in your projects]


[What would make OCaml serverless ready?]


[Fun with Algebraic Effects - from Toy Examples to Hardcaml Simulations]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 06 to 13, 202=
6.

    



    

    camlid: A library for building C stub generators
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-camlid-a-=
library-for-building-c-stub-generators/17679/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Bobot announced
    

    

    
Dear all,

    


    
I'm happy to announce the first release of camlid (documentation).

    


    
While there are many C stub generators for OCaml, camlid take=
s a different approach: it is an OCaml library designed to help you build c=
ustom C stub generators.

    


    
Key Comparisons:

    


      

    • Vs. Ctypes: Manipulation of C structures stays in C. You don't n=
eed to replicate C type descriptions in OCaml, keeping the compilation and =
maintenance simple.
      • 

    • Vs. Camlidl/SWIG: The generator is written in pure OCaml. This m=
akes it easier to factorize and customize your bindings without resorting t=
o m4, sed, or complex external DSLs.
      • 

    


    
Highlighted Features:

    


      

    • Library-specific initialization: Easily handle data structure se=
tup.
      • 

    • Native Optimization: supports unboxed~/~untagged pa=
rameters in native mode.
      • 

    • Automated Definitions: Automatically generates the C/OCaml defin=
itions your generated code uses. Referencing a generated C function name in=
 your generated OCaml code automatically triggers its generation in the C f=
ile.
      • 

    • Free Variables: Generated functions can contain free variables t=
hat are automatically added as formal parameters. This allows you to easily=
 pass a global "context" or "handle" through a generic function without man=
ual boilerplate.
      • 

    


    
Example Usage: Using the built-in helpers, a generator is as simple =
as:

    


    

    open C=
amlid
open Helper

 let () =3D Generate.to_file
    (* Indicates the basename used for =
the generated files *)
    "mylib"
    (* Indicates header to include *)
    ~headers:["alib.h"]
  [
    func "f_input" [ input int_trunc=
];
    func "f_output" [ output (ptr_re=
f int_trunc)];
    func "f_with_res" [] ~result:int_trunc;
    func "f_no_arg_no_result" [];
  ]

    

    


    
Only the mli of the generated module remains to be written wit=
h the documentation. For the first function above, the parameter is correct=
ly marked as untagged (for OCaml versions that support it):

    


    

    external f_input: =
(int [@untagged]) -> unit =3D "camlid_stub_f_input_byte" "camlid_stub_f_input"

    

    


    
A more complex example (converting the flint binding from Ctyp=
es) can be found =
here.

    


    
The API is still experimental, and I would love to hear your feedback on th=
e organization and naming! The package is already in the opam repository.

    


    
(The modern-ocaml te=
mplate is awesome!)

    

    

    

    

    

    restricted 1.1 - Restrict possible system operations and files=
ystem view of your program
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-restricted-1-1-restrict-possible-system-opera=
tions-and-filesystem-view-of-your-program/17681/1

    

    

    

    removewingman announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I would like to announce a new package restricted.

    


    
This library lets you limit which system operations and which parts of the =
filesystem your program can access. Call it as early as possible in your pr=
ogram so that the rest of the code runs with reduced privileges. Currently,=
 actual enforced restrictions are implemented for these operating systems:

    


      

    • OpenBSD
      • 

    


    
Even on other operating systems, you can still use restricted =
to document which privileges your program needs. Users can then test that y=
our program respects these promises with tools such as pledge on Linux. Enjoy ;)

    




    
This is my first ocaml library so feel free to give feedback.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Security Team 2025 End-Of-Year Report
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-security-team-2=
025-end-of-year-report/17689/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    

    

    OCaml Security Team 2025 End-Of-Year Report
    

    

    
In May of 2025, the OCaml Software Foundation encouraged the formation of a=
n OCaml Security Team, which would handle issues and provide guidance for i=
mproving software security in the OCaml ecosystem. Throughout 2025, the tea=
m has been building structure and procedures to accomplish these goals. A r=
egular public update on the team's activity is among many good ideas taken =
from the Haskell Security Response Team, and we hope the community will fin=
d this first public update useful.

    


    
The team consists of:

    


      

    • Hannes Mehnert - @hannesm - individual, robur.coop
      • 

    • Mindy Preston - @yomimono - individual
      • 

    • Joe - @cfcs - individual
      • 

    • Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k - @edwintorok - individual
      • 

    • Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r - @nojb - LexiFi
      • 

    • Louis Roch=C3=A9 - @Khady - ahrefs
      • 

    • Boning Dong - Bloomberg
      • 

    


    
Until December 2025:

    

      

    • Maxim Grankin - @maxim092001 - Bloomberg
      • 

    


    
The newly created website ocaml.org/=
security gives some guidelines for people finding security issues.

    

    

    

    

    Contact and Disclosure Process
    

    

    
The team established a procedure for reporting security issues as one of it=
s first activities. The security disclosure process is available at https://github.com/ocaml/security-advisories?tab=3Dre=
adme-ov-file#reporting-vulnerabilities . The OCaml Security Team can al=
so be contacted at security@ocaml.org for matters besides vulnerability dis=
closure. Mails to security@ocaml.org are not public.

    


    
The public, announce-only mailing list https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/in=
fo/ocsf-ocaml-security-announcements will broadcast information on secu=
rity advisories.

    


    
These procedures were announced in July 2025.

    

    

    

    

    Vulnerability Database
    

    

    
A public vulnerability database for OCaml software is another of the Securi=
ty Team's goals. We indend to accomplish this by publishing information fro=
m the existing, but empty https://github.com/ocaml/security-advisories to the public osv.dev database (again borrowing a good idea f=
rom the Haskell SRT). Some work on a pipeline for publishing advisories the=
re and backporting existing advisories is ongoing.

    

    

    

    

    Tool development
    

    

    
An OCaml library that supports the package URL "purl" was developed and released to the opam-=
repository (https://github.com/=
hannesm/purl, https://ocaml=
.org/p/purl/latest). In the process, we propose to make the policy for =
opam-repository more strict to have immutable packages (where the source is=
 not modified): https://github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/pull/29072. We also propo=
se to integrate opam into the package URL specification https://github.com/package-url/p=
url-spec/pull/763.

    


    
The vulnerability database mentioned above hosts advisories in markdown (wi=
th some opam-file-format metadata header). We developed tooling to convert these into json (foll=
owing the json schema from osv.dev). We also made OCaml/opam known for the =
schema https://gith=
ub.com/ossf/osv-schema/pull/473.

    

    

    

    

    Public Meetings and Presentations
    

    

    
On September 15, Hannes Mehnert gave an introduction to the OCaml Security =
Team at FUN OCaml in Warsaw.

    


    
Maxim Grankin gave a talk "To=
wards a More Secure OCaml Ecosystem" at the OCaml Users and Developers =
Workshop in October of 2025, which is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DPekeGxG=
lc3Q .

    


    
On October 22 2025, the Security Team held a public meeting, for which the =
notes are available at https://pad.data.coop/7-Ic5rG6ToynsW02hJsndg?both .

    

    

    

    

    Advisories
    

    

    
A potential clickjacking issue with ocurrent's web interface was reported t=
o the Security Team by Kunal Mhaske was fixed by Mark Elvers in https://github.com/ocurrent/=
ocurrent/pull/465 .

    


    
No other communications with the security team have resulted in publicly av=
ailable remediation information or advisories.

    

    

    

    

    Future Plans
    

    

    
The Security Team has received a lot of interest in the advisory database m=
entioned above, and this work is a high priority for the team.

    


    
The Security Team also hopes to publish security guides for OCaml programme=
rs and project maintainers.

    


    
The OCaml Software Foundation has indicated that some funding may be availa=
ble for projects that make OCaml more secure. The Security Team is actively=
 developing a process for soliciting and evaluating proposals, as discussed=
 in the October public meeting.

    

    

    

    

    Acknowledgements
    

    

    
The Security Team is an initiative of the OCaml Software Foundation and is =
grateful to the OCSF and its sponsors for their support.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Lwt.6.0.0 release (direct-style, tracing)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-6-0-0-release-=
direct-style-tracing/17690/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
Version 6.0.0 of Lwt has been released through opam! This new version of Lwt brings =
the following notable additions:

    


      

    • Lwt_direct: a package/library for using Lwt in direct-style. (Contribut=
ion from @c-cube)
      • 

    • Lwt_runtime_events: a package/library for emmitting runtime-events.
      • 

    


    
Check the rel=
ease notes for a full changelog), including removal of some deprecated =
values.

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




--=-=-=--


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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 13 to 20,
2026.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Standard Library Team
OCaml Software Foundation: January 2026 update
Dune 3.21.0
Raven Dev Meetings
Ufind 0.2.0
Curious OCaml: Functional Programming in OCaml
Testo 0.3
The dk0 build system
Opam 104: Sharing Your Code, by OCamlPro
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Standard Library Team
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Nicolas Ojeda Bar announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear Community,

  On behalf of the OCaml developer team, I am happy to announce the
  formation of a "Standard Library Team" which will take the lead in
  shepherding, reviewing and generally staying on top of standard
  library contributions in the service of the community. Its members
  (and GitHub handles) are:

  =E2=80=A2 Kate Deplaix @kit-ty-kate
  =E2=80=A2 Simon Cruanes @c-cube
  =E2=80=A2 Daniel B=C3=BCnzli @dbuenzli
  =E2=80=A2 L=C3=A9o Andr=C3=A8s @redianthus (previously @zapashcanon)
  =E2=80=A2 Nicolas Ojeda Bar @nojb (myself, acting as relay with the core =
dev
    team)

  All of them are experienced users who have made great contributions to
  the standard library, and the community in general, over the
  years. Making them part of this team is a way of recognizing a role
  they already play in many ways. Besides crediting their valuable work,
  I hope this will encourage them to take even greater responsibility in
  the evolution of the standard library.

  We hope that by putting this team together, we will be able to improve
  the way standard library contributions are handled: making sure that
  contributions are acted on in a timely fashion, that decisions are
  taken (instead of sometimes letting contributions languish without a
  clear decision), and that a coherent set of criteria and direction is
  applied to decide what gets integrated into the standard library.

  Very much related to this, a document with design guidelines for
  standard library contributions is being proposed for integration in
  the compiler repository. This document, which is rather general in
  character, is meant to guide the work of this team. Everyone is
  welcome to peruse it.

  

  Do not hesitate to get back to me or to any other member of the team
  if you have any questions.

  Best wishes, Nicolas


OCaml Software Foundation: January 2026 update
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This is an update on recent works of the [OCaml Software Foundation],
  covering our 2025 actions =E2=80=93 the previous update was in [January
  2025]. (In the present thread I will mention things that we agreed to
  fund in 2025; many of the actions that actually happened in 2025 were
  approved in 2024 and are listed in the previous thread.)

  The OCaml Software Foundation is a non-profit foundation that receives
  funding from [industrial sponsors] each year, and tries its best to
  spend it to support and strengthen the OCaml ecosystem and community.

  The funding volume we receive each year is around 200K=E2=82=AC. (For
  comparison: this is the yearly cost of one experienced full-time
  software engineer in many parts of the world.) We do not fund people
  full-time for long periods. Most actions receive from 3K=E2=82=AC to 20K=
=E2=82=AC. The
  work to prepare and execute actions is mostly done by the (unpaid)
  [Executive Committee]. It is currently formed by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=
=A4r,
  Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy, Kim Nguy=E1=BB=85n, Virgile Prevosto and my=
self,
  with administrative personnel provided by [INRIA] and general
  assistance by Alan Schmitt.

  Our current sponsors (thanks!) are [ahrefs], [Jane Street], [Tezos],
  [Bloomberg], [Lexifi], [SimCorp], [MERCE] and [Tarides]. (If your
  company would like to join as a sponsor, please [get in
  touch]. Unfortunately, we still cannot efficiently process small
  donations, so we are not calling for individual donations.)

  Feel free to use this thread for questions/suggestions :-)


[OCaml Software Foundation] 

[January 2025]


[industrial sponsors] 

[Executive Committee] 

[INRIA]


[ahrefs] 

[Jane Street] 

[Tezos] 

[Bloomberg] 

[Lexifi] 

[SimCorp] 

[MERCE] 

[Tarides] 

[get in touch] 

Education and outreach
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We keep funding the OCaml meetups in Paris and Toulouse, France. The
  meetup in Chennai, India unfortunately seems to be inactive
  currently. A new meetup is starting in London (
   ), we are
  setting up funding. (If you want to start an OCaml meeting in some
  other place, please do not hesitate to get in touch!)

  We sponsored the [JFLA 2026], a functional programming conference in
  France.  We also sponsored ICFP 2025 in Singapore, and provided
  financial support for the colocated [OCaml Workshop 2025], for PC
  members and speakers who could not otherwise cover the travel and
  registration costs.

  We recently started funding Thomas Leonard for his time writing
  excellent technical blog posts about OCaml. The first [blog post]
  covered by this support is on his new OCaml library and tool for linux
  mode setting (very technical!).


[JFLA 2026] 

[OCaml Workshop 2025]


[blog post] 


Research
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The OCaml Software Foundation is typically not involved in funding
  research, focusing on actions that have a more immediate impact on the
  language and its community. We do provide recurrent funding to the
  Cambium research team at INRIA, which corresponds to the funding they
  received from the OCaml consortium before the OCaml Foundation was
  created.

  This year we also agreed to fund a grant for a long internship on
  [Cameleer], a program-verification tool for OCaml on top of the Why3
  verification environment. M=C3=A1rio Perreira, funding recipient and auth=
or
  of Cameleer, also wrote [a book] on the tool with his student Pedro
  Gasparinho.

  Finally, Jane Street agreed to provide additional funding (roughly one
  person-year) for the professional expenses of people at INRIA who work
  on the OCaml compiler.


[Cameleer] 

[a book] 


Ecosystem
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Compiler

  We supported Tarides for some (a small portion) of the time spent by
  David Allsopp and Olivier Nicole on compiler maintenance.

  We funded Cl=C3=A9ment Blaudeau to work on the implementation of the OCaml
  module system, as a more practical follow-up after his PhD on the
  OCaml module system. Cl=C3=A9ment found many small issues and started
  fixing them, and is now working on a much more ambitious [plan for
  'transparent ascriptions'] in OCaml, which could improve
  module-checking performance and is a requirement for modular
  implicits.

  We funded Pierre Boutillier to work on the OCaml bytecode
  debugger. Pierre Boutillier wanted to provide built-in support for
  running `ocamldebug' from Dune, an equivalent of `dune utop' for a
  toplevel. He completed the compiler side of the work, but he moved to
  a different full-time job before attacking the Dune side.

  We funded Thomas Refis to review the "Type error recovery" PR from
  Xavier van de Woestyne (Tarides), which upstreams a part of the Merlin
  changes to the typechecker, to make Merlin maintenance easier in the
  future.

  We funded Jan Midtgaard to keep working on his [multicoretests]
  fuzzing suite, which has found various Multicore-related correctness
  issues in the OCaml runtime and standard library.


  [plan for 'transparent ascriptions']
  

  [multicoretests] 


=E2=97=8A Infrastructure

  As in previous years, we funded the work of Kate Deplaix to check that
  the OCaml ecosystem is compatible with upcoming compiler releases.

  We are trying our best to support the work of opam-repository
  maintainers, through individual funding grants for the active
  maintainers. This year we supported Tarides for some of the time of
  Shon Feder on the opam-repository, and we fund Jan Midtgaard for
  opam-repository maintenance, with in particular a focus on Windows and
  FreeBSD support.

  Probably the biggest "infrastructure" change which involved the
  Foundation this year is the [OCaml Security Team], which was created
  by the Foundation as a result of a proposal by Tarides, with in
  particular generous financial support of Bloomberg. The Security Team
  just published [their own activity report].


  [OCaml Security Team]
  

  [their own activity report]
  


=E2=97=8A Tools

  We funded the maintenance of `ppxlib' by Nathan Rebours.

  We funded development on the `opam' client by Raja Boujbel (OCamlPro).

  We funded contributions of Ali Caglayan to `dune'.

  We funded Jules Aiguillon (Tarides) to update `ocamlformat' for OCaml
  5.5.


=E2=97=8A Libraries

  We supported the work of Petter Urkedal on the [Caqti] library, the
  main database connection library in the OCaml community.

  We supported the maintenance of the Ocsigen web toolkit.

  We funded the maintenance of [ctypes].

  We funded Thomas Leonard to work on a Wayland window manager in OCaml.

  We supported the contributions of Daniel B=C3=BCnzli to the OCaml
  ecosystem. This year, Daniel used this support to fund the development
  of

  =E2=80=A2 [support] for Unicode 17.0 in his Unicode libraries

  =E2=80=A2 [bytesrw], a library of composable byte stream readers and writ=
es,
    extended in version 0.3 for support with various TLS-related crypto
    algorithms.

  =E2=80=A2 the 0.4 release of [Cmarkit], a CommonMark parser and renderer.

  =E2=80=A2 [release 2.0.0] of the Cmdliner library for command-line argume=
nt
    parsing, bringing support for manpage installation and
    auto-completion.


  [Caqti] 

  [ctypes] 

  [support]
  

  [bytesrw]
  

  [Cmarkit]
  

  [release 2.0.0] 


Hannes Mehnert asked and gasche replied
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        Is it true that Tarides sponsors OCSF and at the same time
        Tarides receives money from OCSF?

  It's a mistake on my part, Tarides was not among our sponsors for the
  reason you mentioned. (We have strict rules not to do this as paying
  someone who sponsors us could be interpreted as a tax-evasion
  scheme. This is the same reason why OCamlPro are not sponsors since a
  few years ago.) Their people are doing useful work that we want to be
  able to support, and we decided that it was more important than
  receiving their funding.


Dune 3.21.0
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  Archive: 


Shon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Dune team is pleased to announce [the release of dune 3.21.0].

  This is a large release, including dozens of fixes, improvements, and
  additions, thanks to many contributors. See [the full changelog] for
  all changes and contributors.

  If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it in [our
  issues tracker].

  We also note that @maiste has stepped away from the role of release
  manager: on behalf of the Dune team, I extend @maiste our thanks for
  his time doing this important work! :pray:


[the release of dune 3.21.0]


[the full changelog] 

[our issues tracker] 


Raven Dev Meetings
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=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, Thibaut Mattio announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We're moving the Raven dev meetings to a monthly basis. The next dev
  meeting will be *Monday, February 2, 2026, at 10:00 AM CET* with the
  same link: 

  We've seen limited interest in the dev meetings so far, so I'm
  considering discontinuing them after the current Outreachy
  internships. Let me know if you're in favor of keeping them, that will
  help gauge the community interest beyond the attendance of the first
  two meetings.


Ufind 0.2.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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  Archive: 


sanette announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Hello

  I'm happy to announce that the [Ufind] library is now available on
  `opam'.

  `Ufind' is a Utf8 search engine with parameterized case and accent
  sensibility.

  _Example:_ I use it daily at work for the following problem: I have
  lists of names (students, professors) where I Iike to keep all the
  correct accents (like "Ljubi=C4=8Di=C4=87", or "Gi=C3=A1p =C4=90=C3=B4ng =
Ngh=E1=BB=8B", or "H=C3=A9l=C3=A8ne",
  etc.) However, I often have to match these names against other lists
  from the University administration which, usually, have no or very few
  accents. I wrote `Ufind' for this.

  Now I can search for "dong" and it will return "Gi=C3=A1p =C4=90=C3=B4ng =
Ngh=E1=BB=8B" (with
  some ranking score)

  See the [README] file or the [documentation] for more details.

  Internally, `ufind' uses [ubase] for dealing with accents/diacritics.


[Ufind] 

[README]


[documentation] 

[ubase] 


Curious OCaml: Functional Programming in OCaml
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Lukasz Stafiniak announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  Hi!

  I=E2=80=99m happy to announce a translation of my Functional Programming =
(in
  OCaml) lectures into a textbook format, modernized to cover algebraic
  effects, is complete!

  Claude Opus 4.5 did the bulk of the work; GPT-5.2 wrote chapter 10 and
  tackled the toughest challenges.

  HTML version: 

  PDF version:
  

  Website and Markdown original as README:
  

  Enjoy!


Testo 0.3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90

  Archive: 


Martin Jambon announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Testo 0.3.4 is out!

  [Testo] is an industry-grade test framework for OCaml. It is suitable
  for unit-testing OCaml code and for end-to-end testing command-line
  executables. Testo is an [open-source project] maintained by the OCaml
  community, with support from Semgrep.

  Highlights of this release include:

  =E2=80=A2 better integration with Dune (testo-template, `--chdir')
  =E2=80=A2 improved Windows support (internal CI checks, CRLF/LF diff
    highlighting)
  =E2=80=A2 quick start instructions and revised tutorial

  Enjoy!


[Testo] 

[open-source project] 


The dk0 build system
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce the first official release of `dk0'. It
  is a build system with the following features:

  =E2=80=A2 Written in OCaml with minimal dependencies. Its C code is porta=
ble
    (no depext). The main OCaml dependencies are fmlib-parse and spawn.
  =E2=80=A2 Language agnostic like Bazel/Buck2.
  =E2=80=A2 Repeatable builds (my made-up term for a weak form of reproduci=
ble
    builds).
  =E2=80=A2 Lua scripting for build rules. The Lua implementation is pure O=
Caml
    and extends [Lua-ML] (thanks @lindig et al). In `dk0' Lua plays the
    same role as Starlark in Bazel and Buck2.
  =E2=80=A2 Dynamic dependencies. This is somewhat esoteric for build syste=
ms
    but important for some languages (OCaml, C++20).
  =E2=80=A2 Single file scripts. Think `uv' but for arbitrary languages.
  =E2=80=A2 Multi-platform federated binary caching with indexed
    downloads. Think `nix' binary package caching, but each package can
    do its own caching in GitHub Actions / etc.
  =E2=80=A2 Attestations (security)

  But repeatable builds means repackaging common system packages (git,
  tar, etc.) and providing build rules for compilers (msvc, clang,
  ocamlopt, etc.). That is a difficult, time-consuming assignment,
  especially when packaging for multiple operating systems (Windows,
  macOS and Linux).

  Status:
  =E2=80=A2 dk0 is ready enough for making useful packages. However, a few
    backwards incompatible changes still need to be made and that might
    require tweaks to packages.
  =E2=80=A2 Today I have a couple packages; realistically there needs to be
    20-30 packages to be useful. OCaml in particular will need a lot of
    packages that **do not exist today**.
  =E2=80=A2 When I complete a new package I'll post an `[ANN]' similar to n=
ew
    opam packages.

  Docs:

  =E2=80=A2 spec: 
  =E2=80=A2 site:
    

  On the "site" link above you'll see an example for a single-file
  script with C# / .NET =E2=80=A6 that example exists because I needed the
  script but more importantly because .NET has minimal transitive
  dependencies. If development goes well I'll replace that with a more
  useful example that builds a Windows OCaml executable on macOS/Linux
  (using build rules that download/run wine, msvc, etc.).

  If you are interested in contributing packages, I can setup video or
  audio time to get you or a group started quickly.

  Lastly, I happen to like Dune (especially its watch mode) and the
  simplicity of Alice. Obviously I wouldn't have made `dk0' if I didn't
  need to go beyond what exists today, but `dk0' is open-source
  (libraries are Apache-2.0, executable is OSL-3.0) =E2=80=A6 I hope librar=
ies
  can be shared across the different build systems! And because `dk0'
  has dynamic dependencies, it is straightforward for dk0 to wrap other
  build systems (that is what I did with the .NET build system).

  Thanks, Jonah


[Lua-ML] 


Opam 104: Sharing Your Code, by OCamlPro
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


OCamlPro announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  *Greetings Cameleers,*

  We=E2=80=99ve just released a new blog post: *[Opam 104: Sharing Your Cod=
e]*

  This article is the final entry in our **opam deep-dives** series, and
  it focuses on a key step in every OCaml project=E2=80=99s life: making it=
 easy
  for others to work with your code =E2=80=94 and sharing it with the wider
  community.

  We cover two practical topics:
  =E2=80=A2 Quickly setting up a complete development environment for an
    existing project
  =E2=80=A2 Releasing your package to the official `opam-repository'

  Along the way, we look at developer-focused `opam install' workflows,
  local switches, dependency locking with `opam lock', and reproducible
  setups for teams and CI. We then walk through publishing a package
  using `opam-publish', with a clear explanation of how releases
  actually make their way into opam.

  The post stays hands-on and workflow-oriented, building on the
  previous Opam 101=E2=80=93103 articles, and wraps up the opam10x series w=
ith a
  full start-to-release pipeline.

  :memo: Read it, and the rest of the `opam deep-dives' on the [OCamlPro
  Blog] !

  Perfect for developers onboarding to an existing project, or for
  anyone preparing to publish their first OCaml package, and of course,
  the curious beginner Cameleer !

  As always, feedback welcome!

  =E2=80=94 The OCamlPro Team


[Opam 104: Sharing Your Code]


[OCamlPro Blog] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Base Image Builder]
  =E2=80=A2 [Updating ARM64 Workers to Ubuntu Noble]
  =E2=80=A2 [Moving to opam 2.5]
  =E2=80=A2 [Base Fibonacci]
  =E2=80=A2 [More OCaml on Pi Pico 2 W]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Base Image Builder]


[Updating ARM64 Workers to Ubuntu Noble]


[Moving to opam 2.5] 

[Base Fibonacci] 

[More OCaml on Pi Pico 2 W]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 13 to 20, 202=
6.

    



    

    Standard Library Team
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-standard-library-team/17691/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Ojeda Bar announced
    

    

    
Dear Community,

    


    
On behalf of the OCaml developer team, I am happy to announce the formation=
 of a "Standard Library Team" which will take the lead in shepherding, revi=
ewing and generally staying on top of standard library contributions in the=
 service of the community. Its members (and GitHub handles) are:

    


      

    • Kate Deplaix @kit-ty-kate
      • 

    • Simon Cruanes @c-cube
      • 

    • Daniel B=C3=BCnzli @dbuenzli
      • 

    • L=C3=A9o Andr=C3=A8s @redianthus (previously @zapashcanon)
      • 

    • Nicolas Ojeda Bar @nojb (myself, acting as relay with the core dev team=
)
      • 

    


    
All of them are experienced users who have made great contributions to the =
standard library, and the community in general, over the years. Making them=
 part of this team is a way of recognizing a role they already play in many=
 ways. Besides crediting their valuable work, I hope this will encourage th=
em to take even greater responsibility in the evolution of the standard lib=
rary.

    


    
We hope that by putting this team together, we will be able to improve the =
way standard library contributions are handled: making sure that contributi=
ons are acted on in a timely fashion, that decisions are taken (instead of =
sometimes letting contributions languish without a clear decision), and tha=
t a coherent set of criteria and direction is applied to decide what gets i=
ntegrated into the standard library.

    


    
Very much related to this, a document with design guidelines for standard l=
ibrary contributions is being proposed for integration in the compiler repo=
sitory. This document, which is rather general in character, is meant to gu=
ide the work of this team. Everyone is welcome to peruse it.

    


    
https://github.com/oc=
aml/ocaml/pull/14459

    


    
Do not hesitate to get back to me or to any other member of the team if you=
 have any questions.

    


    
Best wishes,
Nicolas

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Software Foundation: January 2026 update
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-software-foun=
dation-january-2026-update/17692/1

    

    

    

    gasche announced
    

    

    
This is an update on recent works of the O=
Caml Software Foundation, covering our 2025 actions – the previou=
s update was in January 2025. (In the present thread=
 I will mention things that we agreed to fund in 2025; many of the actions =
that actually happened in 2025 were approved in 2024 and are listed in the =
previous thread.)

    


    
The OCaml Software Foundation is a non-profit foundation that receives fund=
ing from industrial sponsors =
each year, and tries its best to spend it to support and strengthen the OCa=
ml ecosystem and community.

    


    
The funding volume we receive each year is around 200K=E2=82=AC. (For compa=
rison: this is the yearly cost of one experienced full-time software engine=
er in many parts of the world.) We do not fund people full-time for long pe=
riods. Most actions receive from 3K=E2=82=AC to 20K=E2=82=AC. The work to p=
repare and execute actions is mostly done by the (unpaid) Executive Committee. It is currently formed by=
 Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Damien Doligez, Xavier Leroy, Kim Nguy=E1=BB=
=85n, Virgile Prevosto and myself, with administrative personnel provided b=
y INRIA and general assistance by Alan =
Schmitt.

    


    
Our current sponsors (thanks!) are ahrefs, Jane Street, Tezos, Bloomberg, <=
a href=3D"https://lexifi.com/">Lexifi, SimCorp, MERCE =
and Tarides. (If your company would li=
ke to join as a sponsor, please get in touch. Unfortunately, we still cannot efficiently proce=
ss small donations, so we are not calling for individual donations.)

    


    
Feel free to use this thread for questions/suggestions :-)

    

    

    

    Education and outreach
    

    

    
We keep funding the OCaml meetups in Paris and Toulouse, France. The meetup=
 in Chennai, India unfortunately seems to be inactive currently. A new meet=
up is starting in London ( https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caml-in-the-capital/1=
7428 ), we are setting up funding. (If you want to start an OCaml meeti=
ng in some other place, please do not hesitate to get in touch!)

    


    
We sponsored the JFLA 2026<=
/a>, a functional programming conference in France.
We also sponsored ICFP 2025 in Singapore, and provided financial support fo=
r the colocated OCaml Workshop 2025, for PC members and speakers who could not other=
wise cover the travel and registration costs.

    


    
We recently started funding Thomas Leonard for his time writing excellent t=
echnical blog posts about OCaml. The first blog post covered by this support i=
s on his new OCaml library and tool for linux mode setting (very technical!=
).

    

    

    

    

    Research
    

    

    
The OCaml Software Foundation is typically not involved in funding research=
, focusing on actions that have a more immediate impact on the language and=
 its community. We do provide recurrent funding to the Cambium research tea=
m at INRIA, which corresponds to the funding they received from the OCaml c=
onsortium before the OCaml Foundation was created.

    


    
This year we also agreed to fund a grant for a long internship on Cameleer, a program=
-verification tool for OCaml on top of the Why3 verification environment. M=
=C3=A1rio Perreira, funding recipient and author of Cameleer, also wrote a book on the to=
ol with his student Pedro Gasparinho.

    


    
Finally, Jane Street agreed to provide additional funding (roughly one pers=
on-year) for the professional expenses of people at INRIA who work on the O=
Caml compiler.

    

    

    

    

    Ecosystem
    

    

    

      

    • Compiler
      

      

      
We supported Tarides for some (a small portion) of the time spent by David =
Allsopp and Olivier Nicole on compiler maintenance.

      


      
We funded Cl=C3=A9ment Blaudeau to work on the implementation of the OCaml =
module system, as a more practical follow-up after his PhD on the OCaml mod=
ule system. Cl=C3=A9ment found many small issues and started fixing them, a=
nd is now working on a much more ambitious plan for 'transparent ascriptions' in OCaml, which co=
uld improve module-checking performance and is a requirement for modular im=
plicits.

      


      
We funded Pierre Boutillier to work on the OCaml bytecode debugger. Pierre =
Boutillier wanted to provide built-in support for running ocamldebug<=
/code> from Dune, an equivalent of dune utop for a toplevel. H=
e completed the compiler side of the work, but he moved to a different full=
-time job before attacking the Dune side.

      


      
We funded Thomas Refis to review the "Type error recovery" PR from Xavier v=
an de Woestyne (Tarides), which upstreams a part of the Merlin changes to t=
he typechecker, to make Merlin maintenance easier in the future.

      


      
We funded Jan Midtgaard to keep working on his multicoretests fuzzing suite, which =
has found various Multicore-related correctness issues in the OCaml runtime=
 and standard library.

      

      

      • 

    • Infrastructure
      

      

      
As in previous years, we funded the work of Kate Deplaix to check that the =
OCaml ecosystem is compatible with upcoming compiler releases.

      


      
We are trying our best to support the work of opam-repository maintainers, =
through individual funding grants for the active maintainers. This year we =
supported Tarides for some of the time of Shon Feder on the opam-repository=
, and we fund Jan Midtgaard for opam-repository maintenance, with in partic=
ular a focus on Windows and FreeBSD support.

      


      
Probably the biggest "infrastructure" change which involved the Foundation =
this year is the OCaml Security Team, which was created by the Foundation as=
 a result of a proposal by Tarides, with in particular generous financial s=
upport of Bloomberg. The Security Team just published their =
own activity report.

      

      

      • 

    • Tools
      

      

      
We funded the maintenance of ppxlib by Nathan Rebours.

      


      
We funded development on the opam client by Raja Boujbel (OCam=
lPro).

      


      
We funded contributions of Ali Caglayan to dune.

      


      
We funded Jules Aiguillon (Tarides) to update ocamlformat for =
OCaml 5.5.

      

      

      • 

    • Libraries
      

      

      
We supported the work of Petter Urkedal on the Caqti library, the main database connection l=
ibrary in the OCaml community.

      


      
We supported the maintenance of the Ocsigen web toolkit.

      


      
We funded the maintenance of ctypes.

      


      
We funded Thomas Leonard to work on a Wayland window manager in OCaml.

      


      
We supported the contributions of Daniel B=C3=BCnzli to the OCaml ecosystem=
. This year, Daniel used this support to fund the development of

      


        

      • support for Unicode 17.0 in his Unicode l=
ibraries
        • 


      • bytesrw, a library of composable byte stream readers=
 and writes, extended in version 0.3 for support with various TLS-related c=
rypto algorithms.
        • 


      • the 0.4 release of Cmarkit, a CommonM=
ark parser and renderer.
        • 


      • releas=
e 2.0.0 of the Cmdliner library for command-line argument parsing, brin=
ging support for manpage installation and auto-completion.
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert asked and gasche replied
    

    

    

    
Is it true that Tarides sponsors OCSF and at the same time Tarides receives=
 money from OCSF?

    

    


    
It's a mistake on my part, Tarides was not among our sponsors for the reaso=
n you mentioned. (We have strict rules not to do this as paying someone who=
 sponsors us could be interpreted as a tax-evasion scheme. This is the same=
 reason why OCamlPro are not sponsors since a few years ago.) Their people =
are doing useful work that we want to be able to support, and we decided th=
at it was more important than receiving their funding.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.21.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-21-0/17700/1

    

    

    

    Shon announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is pleased to announce the release of dune 3.21.0.

    


    
This is a large release, including dozens of fixes, improvements, and addit=
ions, thanks to many contributors. See the full changelog for all changes and contri=
butors.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it in our issues tracker.

    


    
We also note that @maiste has stepped away from the role of release manager=
: on behalf of the Dune team, I extend @maiste our thanks for his time doin=
g this important work! :pray:

    

    

    

    

    

    Raven Dev Meetings
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-raven-dev-meetings/17596/7

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Thibaut Mattio announced
    

    

    
We're moving the Raven dev meetings to a monthly basis. The next dev meetin=
g will be Monday, February 2, 2026, at 10:00 AM CET with the same li=
nk: https://meet.google.co=
m/giw-bsdy-sjf

    


    
We've seen limited interest in the dev meetings so far, so I'm considering =
discontinuing them after the current Outreachy internships. Let me know if =
you're in favor of keeping them, that will help gauge the community interes=
t beyond the attendance of the first two meetings.

    

    

    

    

    

    Ufind 0.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ufind-0-2-0/17704/1

    

    

    

    sanette announced
    

    

    
Hello

    


    
I'm happy to announce that the Ufind library is now available on opam.

    


    
Ufind is a Utf8 search engine with parameterized case and acce=
nt sensibility.

    


    
Example: I use it daily at work for the fo=
llowing problem: I have lists of names (students, professors) where I Iike =
to keep all the correct accents (like "Ljubi=C4=8Di=C4=87", or "Gi=C3=A1p =
=C4=90=C3=B4ng Ngh=E1=BB=8B", or "H=C3=A9l=C3=A8ne", etc.) However, I often=
 have to match these names against other lists from the University administ=
ration which, usually, have no or very few accents. I wrote Ufind for this.

    


    
Now I can search for "dong" and it will return "Gi=C3=A1p =C4=90=C3=B4ng Ng=
h=E1=BB=8B"  (with some ranking score)

    


    
See the README=
 file or the documentation=
 for more details.

    


    
Internally, ufind uses ubase for dealing with accents/diacritics.

    

    

    

    

    

    Curious OCaml: Functional Programming in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/book-curious-o=
caml-functional-programming-in-ocaml/17705/1

    

    

    

    Lukasz Stafiniak announced
    

    

    
Hi!

    


    
I=E2=80=99m happy to announce a translation of my Functional Programming (i=
n OCaml) lectures into a textbook format, modernized to cover algebraic eff=
ects, is complete!

    


    
Claude Opus 4.5 did the bulk of the work; GPT-5.2 wrote chapter 10 and tack=
led the toughest challenges.

    


    
HTML version: https://lukstafi.github.io/curious-ocaml/new_book.html

    


    
PDF version: https://github.com/lukstafi/curious-ocaml/blob/main/pdf=
s/new_book.pdf

    


    
Website and Markdown original as README: https://github.com/lukstafi/curious-ocaml/tre=
e/main

    


    
Enjoy!

    

    

    

    

    

    Testo 0.3
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-testo-0-3/17706/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
Testo 0.3.4 is out!

    


    
Testo is an industry-grade test fram=
ework for OCaml. It is suitable for unit-testing OCaml code and for end-to-=
end testing command-line executables. Testo is an open-source project maintained by the OCaml communi=
ty, with support from Semgrep.

    


    
Highlights of this release include:

    


      

    • better integration with Dune (testo-template, --chdir)
      • 

    • improved Windows support (internal CI checks, CRLF/LF diff highlighting=
)
      • 

    • quick start instructions and revised tutorial
      • 

    


    
Enjoy!

    

    

    

    

    

    The dk0 build system
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-the-dk0-build-system/17709/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the first official release of dk0. It is a build system with the following features:

    


      

    • Written in OCaml with minimal dependencies. Its C code is portable (no =
depext). The main OCaml dependencies are fmlib-parse and spawn.
      • 

    • Language agnostic like Bazel/Buck2.
      • 

    • Repeatable builds (my made-up term for a weak form of reproducible buil=
ds).
      • 

    • Lua scripting for build rules. The Lua implementation is pure OCaml and=
 extends Lua-ML (thanks @l=
indig et al). In dk0 Lua plays the same role as Starlark in Ba=
zel and Buck2.
      • 

    • Dynamic dependencies. This is somewhat esoteric for build systems but i=
mportant for some languages (OCaml, C++20).
      • 

    • Single file scripts. Think uv but for arbitrary languages.=

      • 

    • Multi-platform federated binary caching with indexed downloads. Think <=
code>nix binary package caching, but each package can do its own cac=
hing in GitHub Actions / etc.
      • 

    • Attestations (security)
      • 

    


    
But repeatable builds means repackaging common system packages (git, tar, e=
tc.) and providing build rules for compilers (msvc, clang, ocamlopt, etc.).=
 That is a difficult, time-consuming assignment, especially when packaging =
for multiple operating systems (Windows, macOS and Linux).

    


    
Status:

    

      

    • dk0 is ready enough for making useful packages. However, a few backward=
s incompatible changes still need to be made and that might require tweaks =
to packages.
      • 

    • Today I have a couple packages; realistically there needs to be 20-30 p=
ackages to be useful. OCaml in particular will need a lot of packages that =
do not exist today.
      • 

    • When I complete a new package I'll post an [ANN] similar t=
o new opam packages.
      • 

    


    
Docs:

    




    
On the "site" link above you'll see an example for a single-file script wit=
h C# / .NET … that example exists because I needed the script but mo=
re importantly because .NET has minimal transitive dependencies. If develop=
ment goes well I'll replace that with a more useful example that builds a W=
indows OCaml executable on macOS/Linux (using build rules that download/run=
 wine, msvc, etc.).

    


    
If you are interested in contributing packages, I can setup video or audio =
time to get you or a group started quickly.

    


    
Lastly, I happen to like Dune (especially its watch mode) and the simplicit=
y of Alice. Obviously I wouldn't have made dk0 if I didn't nee=
d to go beyond what exists today, but dk0 is open-source (libr=
aries are Apache-2.0, executable is OSL-3.0) … I hope libraries can =
be shared across the different build systems! And because dk0 =
has dynamic dependencies, it is straightforward for dk0 to wrap other build=
 systems (that is what I did with the .NET build system).

    


    
Thanks, Jonah

    

    

    

    

    

    Opam 104: Sharing Your Code, by OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-opam-104-sharing=
-your-code-by-ocamlpro/17710/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers,

    


    
We=E2=80=99ve just released a new blog post: Opam 104: Sharing Your Co=
de

    


    
This article is the final entry in our opam deep-dives series=
, and it focuses on a key step in every OCaml project=E2=80=99s life: makin=
g it easy for others to work with your code =E2=80=94 and sharing it with t=
he wider community.

    


    
We cover two practical topics:

    

      

    • Quickly setting up a complete development environment for an existing p=
roject
      • 

    • Releasing your package to the official opam-repository
      • 

    


    
Along the way, we look at developer-focused opam install workf=
lows, local switches, dependency locking with opam lock, and r=
eproducible setups for teams and CI. We then walk through publishing a pack=
age using opam-publish, with a clear explanation of how releas=
es actually make their way into opam.

    


    
The post stays hands-on and workflow-oriented, building on the previous Opa=
m 101=E2=80=93103 articles, and wraps up the opam10x series with a full sta=
rt-to-release pipeline.

    


    
:memo: Read it, and the rest of the opam deep-dives on the OCamlPro Blog !

    


    
Perfect for developers onboarding to an existing project, or for anyone pre=
paring to publish their first OCaml package, and of course, the curious beg=
inner Cameleer !

    


    
As always, feedback welcome!

    


    
=E2=80=94 The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 20 to 27, 202=
6.

    



    

    lwt-to-eio: Automating the mechanical parts of Lwt -> Eio m=
igration
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/ann-lwt-to-eio-automating-the-mechanical-parts-of-lwt-eio-migration/1769=
6/1

    

    

    

    oug-t announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
Like many of you, I=E2=80=99ve been looking into migrating my libraries fro=
m Lwt to Eio to take advantage of OCaml 5=E2=80=99s direct-style concurrenc=
y. While the manual migration guides are excellent, I found myself making t=
he same mechanical changes over and over=E2=80=94flattening binds, unwrappi=
ng promises, and rewriting maps.

    


    
So, I built lwt-to-eio, a tool that automates the borin=
g parts of this transition.

    


    
Repo: https://github=
.com/oug-t/lwt-to-eio

    

    

    

    What it does (The Magic)
    

    

    
It parses your OCaml source code and performs AST-level rewrites to transfo=
rm monadic Lwt patterns into direct-style Eio code.

    


    
Input (Lwt):

    


    

    let fetch_data id =3D
  Lwt.bind (Db.get_user id) (fun user ->
    Db.get_posts =
user.id >>=3D (fun=
 posts ->
      Lwt_list.ma=
p_p process posts
    )
  )

    

    


    
Output (Eio)

    


    

    let fetch_data id =3D
  let user =3D Lwt_eio.Promise.await_lwt (Db.get_user id) in
  let posts =3D Lwt_eio.Promise.await_lwt (Db.get_posts user.id) in
  Eio.Fiber.List.=
map process posts

    

    

    

    

    

    Current Status & Help Wanted
    

    

    
This is currently an MVP. It handles the most common patterns I enco=
untered (binds, map_p, sleep, return=
), but there is plenty of surface area left to cover.

    


    
I'm looking for contributors to help add rules for other common patterns. I=
've tagged a few issues as "Good First Issues" if anyone wants to di=
p their toes into ppxlib and AST rewriting:

    


      

    • Lwt.catch -> try/with: Transforming=
 monadic error handling to direct style exceptions.
      • 

    • Lwt_io support: Mapping legacy IO functions to Eio =
buffers.
      • 

    


    
Feedback, PRs, and "It broke on my file!" reports are all very welcome.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    The new owners-maintainers of Dream
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/the-new-owners-maintainers-of=
-dream/17712/1

    

    

    

    Anton Bachin announced
    

    

    
I am very pleased to announce that Dream, the Web framework, is now owned and maintained by a new t=
eam, of:

    


      

    • Sabine Schmaltz (@sabine), maintainer of OCaml.org
      • 

    • Sebastian Willenbrink ( http=
s://github.com/Willenbrink ), author of the effort to port Dream to Eio=

      • 

    • Yawar Amin (@yawaramin), author of dream-html, and the Web framework Re=
Web
      • 

    


    
=E2=80=A6among their other projects and contributions to the OCaml communit=
y. All are major and long-term contributors to, and users of, Dream.

    


    
I=E2=80=99ve stepped back from ownership and overall maintenance, but will =
still work on parts of Dream every now and then as a contributor, along wit=
h all of Dream=E2=80=99s contributors :slight_smile:

    


    
Dream is discussed in this forum, in its issue tracker, #webdev in the OCaml Discord=
, and =
#dream on Zulip. Dream has a (roughly) weekly open video call on Discor=
d for contributors to discuss technical issues with each other and with mai=
ntainers.

    


    
Welcome to Sabine, Sebastian, Yawar, the new team!

    

    

    

    

    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/17

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
Hello!

    


    
It is in a state of sliplessness that I announce the new release of Slipsho=
w!

    


    
Slipshow 0.8.0: Les gnomes voleurs de Slipshow

    


    
This release comes with a handful of bugfixes, in particular on the new and=
 experimental record-and-replay for drawings.

    


    
But the star of the release is the new documentation! For instance, the tutorial on =
structuring your presentation visually will allow you to create presen=
tations such as this one, presenting Slipshow's business model:

    


    
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4=
1539c78-f998-4597-9392-4d555435d5a3

    


    
The tutorials also includes live code blocks, and Slipshow has now a dedicated website.

    


    
Here is the full changelog!

    

    

    

    Features
    

    

      

    • Add a "mirror mode" to the speaker view, which mirrors the entire scree=
n you
are sharing with the audience (#188)
      • 

    • Add support for external files through CLI and frontmatter (#191)
      • 

    • Add shortcut to delete or unselect selection in drawing editing (#192)<=
/li>

    • Add a "Close editing panel" button when there are no strokes (#192)
      • 

    • Default file names for drawing recording depend on their names (#192)

    • Improve -o argument wrt directories (#190)
      • 

    • Inline SVGs instead of adding them as images, allowing the use of class=
es and
ids in SVGs (#190)
      • 

    • Rework the docs! (#190)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Fix
    

    

      

    • Fix pauses time not updated after a rerecording (#192)
      • 

    • Fix drawing editing shortcuts triggering even when focusing on a textar=
ea
(#192)
      • 

    • Fix interaction between fields and drawing editing shortcuts (#192)
      • 

    • Fix order of clear and draw action: the first=
 comes first (#192)
      • 

    • Use .woff2 for embedded fonts (#190)
      • 

    



    
Thanks again to NLNet for su=
pporting the development of Slipshow!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Bancos: A persistent Key-Value store based on ROWEX/P-ART
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-=
bancos-a-persistent-key-value-store-based-on-rowex-p-art/17719/1

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce the first release of bancos, our new persistent Key-Value store.

    


    
Bancos is an implementation of an Adaptive Radix Tree (ART) modified to support parallel reads and wr=
ites (ROWEX) =
directly on a file (based on the RECIPE/P-ART approach).

    


      

    • Our project is designed for indexing with file-backed storage.
      • 

    • We provide an implementation compatible with unikernels. It is currentl=
y being used by kevin, =
an HTTP/1.1 server unikernel that exposes routes for key insertion and look=
up.
      • 

    • This work is part of our broader goal to index emails by their Me=
ssage-ID. An extension of our tool blaze now allows searching through archives now (if you a=
re interesting about our archive system, you can take a look here).=
 This indexing also enables efficient email thread extraction using I=
n-Reply-To headers.
      • 

    


    
While still experimental, the results =E2=80=94 especially when paired with=
 our Miou scheduler =E2=
=80=94 are very promising. This release of bancos comes alongside several updates across our stac=
k:

    

      

    • flux: Our OCaml stre=
am library for Miou
      • 

    • carton: For manipu=
lating PACKv2 archives (as used by Git)
      • 

    • bstr: A library for =
handling bigbytes and memory buffers
      • 

    • cachet: A library =
to cache mmap syscall results. Notably, this include significa=
nt work on an asynchronous write pipeline =
for unikernels on block devices
      • 

    


    
You can find the project here: https://github.com/robur-coop/bancos

    


    
For a deeper dive into the implementation of bancos and its application to =
email indexing, we have prepared a detailed blog post here.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    restricted 1.2.0 limit which system operations and which parts=
 of the filesystem your program can access
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-restricted-1-2-0-limit-whic=
h-system-operations-and-which-parts-of-the-filesystem-your-program-can-acce=
ss/17732/1

    

    

    

    removewingman announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I am happy to announce a new version of restricted.

    


    
This library lets you limit which system operations and which parts of the =
filesystem your program can access. Call it as early as possible in your pr=
ogram so that the rest of the code runs with reduced privileges. Currently,=
 actual enforced restrictions are implemented for these operating systems:

    


      

    • OpenBSD
      • 

    • Linux (only filesystem view)
      • 

    


    
Even on other operating systems, you can still use restricted to document which privil=
eges your program needs. Users can then test if your program respects these=
 promises with tools such as pledge=
 on Linux. Enjoy :slight_smile:

    




    
CHANGELOG:

    


      

    • add Linux (only filesystem view) via landlock(7)

        

      • except unlink/removing, whole other thing with LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_READ_=
FILE in landlock
        • 

      • 

    • add Semantic Versioning
      • 

    • change description to make it more clear
      • 

    • tested with flambda switch on:

        

      • x86_64-openbsd
        • 

      • x86_64-arch-linux, x86_64-alpine-linux (Landlock ABI version: 7)
        • 

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    dead_code_analyzer 1.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dead-code-analyzer-1-1-0/17734/1=


    

    

    

    fantazio announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone,

    


    
I am happy to announce the release of the dead_code_analyzer 1.1.0 (av=
ailable via opam) !

    


    
Thanks to @edwinans, @nojb, and @Tibo for their contributions, reviews, and=
 feedback.

    


    
This release greatly improves the support of projects built with dune=
 and introduces some user documentation.
The tool still requires OCaml 5.2. There is a work in progress to suppo=
rt OCaml 5.3.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it on the github repositor=
y.
Feedback and contributions are welcome.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml security team
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-security-team/16902/11

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone, as we discussed in the earlier public meeting, we plan to ha=
ve every 3 months another one.

    


    
The next public security meeting is scheduled for Thursday, March 19th 14:0=
0 CET - 16:00 CET. Please put that into your calendar if you plan to attend.

    

    

    

    

    

    Proposal: make the minimum tested opam 2.1 and higher
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/proposal-mak=
e-the-minimum-tested-opam-2-1-and-higher/17736/1

    

    

    

    Anil Madhavapeddy announced
    

    

    
Much as we did a while back with r=
aising the minimum version of OCaml tested to 4.08, it's now time to ra=
ise the minimum version of opam that we test in the CI matrix.

    


    
opam 2.0.0 was released in 2018, and ever since t=
hen the Docker images have built every version, wit=
h the default being the minimum version (2.0.x) all the way through to 2.5.=
x.

    


    
I now propose that we raise the minimum tested version of opam to 2.1.x. Lo=
oking in repology/op=
am, the only notable distro still shipping opam 2.0 is Ubuntu 20.04, wh=
ich went EOL in May 2025.   Ubuntu 24.04 still has have 2.1.x, so I expect =
this will be the testing floor for some years until that rotates out.

    


    
The most observable improvement from this will be the opam-repository CI 'T=
he actions to process have cyclic dependencies' failure will no longer bug =
us for every package submitted that has {with-test} clauses!

    

    

    

    

    

    csexp-query initial release
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-csexp-query-initial-release/1=
7737/1

    

    

    

    Josh Berdine announced
    

    

    
The csexp-query 0.1.0 opam package is now available.

    


    
If you have ever wanted to query e.g. the output of dune describe (but didn't want the dependency cone of sexp), then csexp-query might be interesting.

    


    
csexp-query is a minimal command-line tool to query canonical s-express=
ions (csexp) from stdin. For example,

    

    dune describe workspace --format=3Dcsexp | csexp-query '(field root)'

    

    
will extract the dune project root.

    


    
Happy hacking!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 27 to
February 03, 2026.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Ofortune!
OUPS meetup february 2026
shakuhachi v0.2.0
OCaml security grants
New release of Menhir (20260122)
OCaml for Industry
Mset 0.2.0 - new library for small multisets
Lwt.6.1.0, Lwt_ppx.6.1.0
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


Ofortune!
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=95=90

  Archive: 


Tim ats announced
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=80

  Hi everyone,

  I'm very glad to announce the release of [Ofortune]! Ofortune is a
  fortune-teller written in OCaml. For those who didn't know, `fortune'
  is a small NetBSD utility which, according to its [man page], "prints
  a random, hopefully interesting, adage".

  

  Even though the goal of Ofortune is not to behave exactly like the
  legacy implementation, it shares most of the same command-line
  flags. By default, Ofortune searches fortune files in the directory
  `/usr/share/games/fortune', but you may directly set the files used to
  pick a random fortune (with eventually an associated probability) by
  doing the following `ofortune 60% quotations 40% funny-quotations'.

  I think that ofortune is one of those software programs that is
  moderately interesting unless you give it an excellent database to
  work with, so feel free to write your own cookie files. Your can for
  you can place it in your bashrc file to display a random quote each
  time you open a terminal.

  Ofortune is written in dependance free OCaml > 5.4. To install it,
  type (this will install an executable named `ofortune' in your path):
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 git clone https://git.sr.ht/~tim-ats-d/ofortune && cd ofortune =
&& make native && install -T ofortune_unix.native /bin/ofortune
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  An online version compiled with js_of_ocaml is available at this
  address: .

  Ofortune is distributed under the LGPL-3.0 license, and the source
  code is available [here].


[Ofortune] 

[man page] 

[here] 


OUPS meetup february 2026
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


ancolie announced
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=80

  The next OUPS meetup will take place on *Wednesday, 25th of February*
  2026. It will start at *6:30pm* at the *4 place Jussieu* in Paris. It
  will be in the in the *Esclangon building* (amphi Astier).

  Please, *[register on meetup ]* as soon as possible to let us know how
  many pizza we should order.

  For more details, you may check the [OUPS=E2=80=99 website ].

  Moreover, we=E2=80=99d like to announce that the organizing team moved to=
 the
  [OCaml Zulip]. Feel free to contact us there if you=E2=80=99d like to sug=
gest
  talks.

  =E2=80=94

  This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

  *Coccinelle, for C and for Rust =E2=80=93 Julia Lawall*

        Coccinelle is a tool for automating complex repetitive
        searches and transformations in source code. It was
        originally developed for the C language, targetting the
        Linux kernel, but we have recently started working on
        Rust. This talk will give an overview of Coccinelle
        targeting C, present the main design decisions and how
        they translate to Rust, and present some practical
        examples involving Rust. Both versions of Coccinelle are
        available in open source.

        =E2=80=A2 
        =E2=80=A2 

  *OCaml and the MOPSA static analysis platform =E2=80=93 Marco Milanese*

        In this talk we present MOPSA, a static analysis platform
        built in OCaml: MOPSA implements a sound analysis (based
        on the theory of abstract interpretation), with an
        emphasis on reusability and modularity of abstractions.

        To this end each domain performs a simple, targeted,
        simplification of the program and it can be swapped or
        combined with other domains to tune the
        precision/performance tradeoff of the analysis.  OCaml and
        its type and module systems play a crucial role to achieve
        this goal.. we will see how monads, modules and abstract
        data types (and more!) naturally describe the components
        of a static analysis tool.

  =E2=80=94

  After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the [OCaml
  Software Foundation] and later on we=E2=80=99ll move to a pub nearby as u=
sual.


[register on meetup ]


[OUPS=E2=80=99 website ] 

[OCaml Zulip] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 


shakuhachi v0.2.0
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=90

  Archive: 


EruEri announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm happy to announce the release [shakuhachi v0.2.0].  Shakuhachi is
  a music collection manager. It aims to be a rather simple collection
  manager extensible by plugins.

  This release is mostly a bug-fix release, but some new functions are
  exposed through its API.

  Sincerely yours.


[shakuhachi v0.2.0]



OCaml security grants
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear OCaml hackers,

  we're pleased to announce that there are grants (up to 100_000 EUR)
  available for the broad topic of OCaml and security. The main idea is
  to strengthen the OCaml ecosystem in terms of security - being it
  tooling, documentation, guides, =E2=80=A6.

  Your submitted proposal (until March 1st) will be reviewed by the
  OCaml security team (). This wouldn't be
  possible with the OCSF () and their sponsors.

  If you have an idea, please go to
  
  and submit your proposal.


  Thanks,

  Hannes (in the name of the OCaml security team)


New release of Menhir (20260122)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
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=E2=94=80

  I am pleased to announce a new version of Menhir.

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update && opam install menhir.20260122
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The main new feature is a brand new GLR back-end. This back-end is
  selected by the command line switch `--GLR'. GLR is a
  non-deterministic parsing algorithm; it is useful when the grammar
  lies outside the class LR(1), either because the grammar is
  unambiguous but requires more than one token of lookahead, or because
  the grammar is truly ambiguous. For more information on GLR, please
  [read the manual].

  There are also many minor changes in this release; please see [the
  change log] for details.

  Happy parsing,

  Fran=C3=A7ois.


[read the manual]


[the change log]



OCaml for Industry
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Nicolas Ojeda Bar announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear community,

  This Friday, Feb 6 at 15:00-17:00 CET the OCSF is organizing a video
  call in collaboration with Tarides and OCamlPro to discuss all aspects
  of OCaml relevant to __industrial__ users. We have invited all OCSF
  sponsors to participate, but would be very happy to welcome other
  industrial users (who are not currently OCSF sponsors) if they want to
  participate.

  So, if you are an industrial user of OCaml and would like to
  participate, please get in touch and I will forward the meeting
  details.

  Thanks!

  Cheers, Nicolas


Mset 0.2.0 - new library for small multisets
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Jean Christophe Filliatre announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear OCaml community,

  I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the first release of `mset', a library th=
at
  implements multisets as soon as they are small enough to fit inside a
  single `int' (as a bitset).

  It is available via `opam' and here at GitHub:

  =E2=80=A2 [https://github.com/backtracking/mset]
  =E2=80=A2 [documentation]

  I implemented this library as part of a project to [count anagrams]
  but I anticipate it might be useful for other purposes.

  Happy hacking,

  Jean-Christophe


[https://github.com/backtracking/mset]


[documentation]


[count anagrams]



Lwt.6.1.0, Lwt_ppx.6.1.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *Lwt.6.1.0* has been release. It contains some fixes (see full
   [changelog], special thanks to @kit-ty-kate and @otini) as well as
   the following notable addition:

  =E2=80=A2 New `Lwt_engine.engine_id' to know what underlying engine Lwt is
    currently using.

  *Lwt_ppx.6.1.0* (also *Lwt_ppx.5.9.3*) has been released. It contains
   a fix to correctly carry type annotations: `let%lwt x : t =3D =E2=80=A6 =
in =E2=80=A6'
   now produces code that correctly place the `t' annotation. (This was
   caused by a change in ppxlib which was not accounted for previously.)

  Versions 6.0.0 and 5.9.2 or lwt_ppx are marked as `avoid-version' in
  opam-repository. They are fine to use as long as you don't use type
  annotations but you should update to 6.1.0 or 5.9.3.

  Special thanks to @Halbaroth for the bug report.


[changelog]



Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [My (very) fast zero-allocation webserver using OxCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [Weeknotes for weeks 4-5]
  =E2=80=A2 [What Happened in January 2026?]
  =E2=80=A2 [ OCaml.org Now Uses `odoc' 3: What=E2=80=99s New?]
  =E2=80=A2 [Getting Claude to complete the spec]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[My (very) fast zero-allocation webserver using OxCaml]


[Weeknotes for weeks 4-5]


[What Happened in January 2026?]


[ OCaml.org Now Uses `odoc' 3: What=E2=80=99s New?]


[Getting Claude to complete the spec]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 27 to Februar=
y 03, 2026.

    



    

    Ofortune!
    

    

    
Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ofortune/17744/1

    

    

    

    Tim ats announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
I'm very glad to announce the release of Ofortune! Ofortune is a fortune-teller written in OCaml=
. For those who didn't know, fortune is a small NetBSD utility=
 which, according to its man page, "prints a random, hopefully interesting, adage".

    



    

    3D"ced911b15beffb91=

    

    


    
Even though the goal of Ofortune is not to behave exactly like the legacy i=
mplementation, it shares most of the same command-line flags. By default, O=
fortune searches fortune files in the directory /usr/share/games/fort=
une, but you may directly set the files used to pick a random fortun=
e (with eventually an associated probability) by doing the following =
ofortune 60% quotations 40% funny-quotations.

    


    
I think that ofortune is one of those software programs that is moderately =
interesting unless you give it an excellent database to work with, so feel =
free to write your own cookie files. Your can for you can place it in your =
bashrc file to display a random quote each time you open a terminal.

    


    
Ofortune is written in dependance free OCaml > 5.4. To install it, type =
(this will install an executable named ofortune  in your path):

    

    git clone https://git.sr.ht/~tim-ats-d/ofortune && cd ofortune &=
;& make native && install -T ofortune_unix.native /bin/ofortune

    


    
An online version compiled with js_of_ocaml is available at this address: <=
a href=3D"https://site.condor-du-plateau.fr/ofortune-web.html">https://site=
.condor-du-plateau.fr/ofortune-web.html.

    


    
Ofortune is distributed under the LGPL-3.0 license, and the source code is =
available here.

    

    

    

    

    

    OUPS meetup february 2026
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetup-february-2026/17748/1

    

    

    

    ancolie announced
    

    

    
The next OUPS meetup will take place on Wednesday, 25th of February =
2026. It will start at 6:30pm at the 4 place Jussieu in Paris=
. It will be in the in the Esclangon building (amphi Astier).

    


    
Please, register on meetup  as soon as possible to let us know how ma=
ny pizza we should order.

    


    
For more details, you may check the OUPS=
=E2=80=99 website .

    


    
Moreover, we=E2=80=99d like to announce that the organizing team moved to t=
he OCaml Zulip. Feel free to co=
ntact us there if you=E2=80=99d like to suggest talks.

    


    
—

    


    
This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

    


    
Coccinelle, for C and for Rust – Julia Lawall

    


    

    
Coccinelle is a tool for automating complex repetitive searches and transfo=
rmations in source code. It was originally developed for the C language, ta=
rgetting the Linux kernel, but we have recently started working on Rust. Th=
is talk will give an overview of Coccinelle targeting C, present the main d=
esign decisions and how they translate to Rust, and present some practical =
examples involving Rust. Both versions of Coccinelle are available in open =
source.

    



    


    
OCaml and the MOPSA static analysis platform – Marco Milanese

    


    

    
In this talk we present MOPSA, a static analysis platform built in OCaml: M=
OPSA implements a sound analysis (based on the theory of abstract interpret=
ation), with an emphasis on reusability and modularity of abstractions.

    


    
To this end each domain performs a simple, targeted, simplification of the =
program and it can be swapped or combined with other domains to tune the pr=
ecision/performance tradeoff of the analysis.
OCaml and its type and module systems play a crucial role to achieve this g=
oal.. we will see how monads, modules and abstract data types (and more!) n=
aturally describe the components of a static analysis tool.

    

    


    
—

    


    
After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the OCaml Software Foundation and later on we=E2=80=99ll mov=
e to a pub nearby as usual.

    

    

    

    

    

    shakuhachi v0.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-shakuhachi-v0-2-0/17751/1

    

    

    

    EruEri announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the release shakuhachi v0.2.0.=20=20
Shakuhachi is a music collection manager. It aims to be a rather simple col=
lection manager extensible by plugins.

    


    
This release is mostly a bug-fix release, but some new functions are expose=
d through its API.

    


    
Sincerely yours.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml security grants
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-security-grants/17754/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml hackers,

    


    
we're pleased to announce that there are grants (up to 100_000 EUR) availab=
le for the broad topic of OCaml and security. The main idea is to strengthe=
n the OCaml ecosystem in terms of security - being it tooling, documentatio=
n, guides, ….

    


    
Your submitted proposal (until March 1st) will be reviewed by the OCaml sec=
urity team (https://ocaml.org/securi=
ty). This wouldn't be possible with the OCSF (https://ocaml-sf.org/) and their sponsors.

    


    
If you have an idea, please go to https://cryptpad.fr/=
form/#/2/form/view/ozl80ZB3ndLhMcGeu0buygGOIwZWL6+dxbPuXgT+Wxs/ and sub=
mit your proposal.

    



    
Thanks,

    


    
Hannes (in the name of the OCaml security team)

    

    

    

    

    

    New release of Menhir (20260122)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-menhir-2026=
0122/17764/1

    

    

    

    Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce a new version of Menhir.

    


    opam update && opam install menhir.20260122

    


    
The main new feature is a brand new GLR back-end. This back-end is selected=
 by the command line switch --GLR. GLR is a non-deterministic =
parsing algorithm; it is useful when the grammar lies outside the class LR(=
1), either because the grammar is unambiguous but requires more than one to=
ken of lookahead, or because the grammar is truly ambiguous. For more infor=
mation on GLR, please read the manual.

    


    
There are also many minor changes in this release; please see the change log for details.

    


    
Happy parsing,

    


    
Fran=C3=A7ois.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml for Industry
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-for-industry/17766/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Ojeda Bar announced
    

    

    
Dear community,

    


    
This Friday, Feb 6 at 15:00-17:00 CET the OCSF is organizing a video call i=
n collaboration with Tarides and OCamlPro to discuss all aspects of OCaml r=
elevant to industrial users. We have invited all OCSF sponsors to participate, but w=
ould be very happy to welcome other industrial users (who are not currently=
 OCSF sponsors) if they want to participate.

    


    
So, if you are an industrial user of OCaml and would like to participate, p=
lease get in touch and I will forward the meeting details.

    


    
Thanks!

    


    
Cheers,
Nicolas

    

    

    

    

    

    Mset 0.2.0 - new library for small multisets
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mset-0-2-0-new-library=
-for-small-multisets/17769/1

    

    

    

    Jean Christophe Filliatre announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml community,

    


    
I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the first release of mset, a l=
ibrary that implements multisets as soon as they are small enough to fit in=
side a single int (as a bitset).

    


    
It is available via opam and here at GitHub:

    




    
I implemented this library as part of a project to count anagrams=
 but I anticipate it might be useful for other purposes.

    


    
Happy hacking,

    


    
Jean-Christophe

    

    

    

    

    

    Lwt.6.1.0, Lwt_ppx.6.1.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-6-1-0-lwt-ppx-6-1-0/17770/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
Lwt.6.1.0 has been release. It contains some fixes (see full changelog, special thanks to @kit-ty-kate and @otini)=
 as well as the following notable addition:

    


      

    • New Lwt_engine.engine_id to know what underlying engine Lw=
t is currently using.
      • 

    


    
Lwt_ppx.6.1.0 (also Lwt_ppx.5.9.3) has been released. It cont=
ains a fix to correctly carry type annotations: let%lwt x : t =3D =E2=
=80=A6 in =E2=80=A6 now produces code that correctly place the t annotation. (This was caused by a change in ppxlib which was not =
accounted for previously.)

    


    
Versions 6.0.0 and 5.9.2 or lwt_ppx are marked as avoid-version in opam-repository. They are fine to use as long as you don't use type an=
notations but you should update to 6.1.0 or 5.9.3.

    


    
Special thanks to @Halbaroth for the bug report.

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 03 to 10,
2026.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

intel_hex.0.3
layoutz 0.0.2 - a tiny DSL for beautiful CLI output in OCaml =F0=9F=AA=B6
New release of Menhir (20260122)
Caml in the Capital - Registrations Open!
An experimental branch of Merlin based on Domains and Effects
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


intel_hex.0.3
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Mikhail announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  Hi there!

  I am excited to announce the release of the [intel_hex] library. This
  library is a manipulation library that provides functions for reading,
  writing, and creating Intel HEX data, which is a common format used in
  embedded system programming.


  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 Intel_hex.Record.
  =E2=94=82   [
  =E2=94=82       Extended_segment_address 0x0F;
  =E2=94=82       Data (0x0000, "Hello ");
  =E2=94=82       Data (0x0007, "World!");
  =E2=94=82       End_of_file;
  =E2=94=82   ]
  =E2=94=82 |> Intel_hex.records_to_string=20
  =E2=94=82 |> print_endline
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 :02000002000FED
  =E2=94=82 :0600000048656C6C6F20E6
  =E2=94=82 :06000700576F726C6421CA
  =E2=94=82 :00000001FF
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Also, you can of course read the IHEX object file from other sources:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 In_channel.with_open_text "data.hex" Intel_hex.object_of_channel
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 - : Intel_hex.Object.t =3D=20
  =E2=94=82 {=20
  =E2=94=82   start_linear_address =3D 0;
  =E2=94=82   start_segment_address =3D {cs =3D 0; ip =3D 0};
  =E2=94=82   chunks =3D [(240, "Hello "); (247, "World!")]
  =E2=94=82 }
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Limitations

  32-bitness. To represent 32-bit integers, the library uses the OCaml
  int data type. This may be problematic for 32-bit systems, as it can
  lead to overflow errors, but it works fine for most 64-bit systems.

  Start addressing and extending addressing. Not fully supported for
  real-world use. I would appreciate your pull request on this!


[intel_hex] 


layoutz 0.0.2 - a tiny DSL for beautiful CLI output in OCaml =F0=9F=AA=B6
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Matthieu Court announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello all! Been working on [layoutz], a tiny, zero-dep combinator lib
  for making pretty, structured, terminal output: tables, trees, boxes,
  ANSI styled elements, etc.

  Would love to hear how the API feels: Smooth? Any missing primitives
  you'd expect? Many thanks!


[layoutz]



New release of Menhir (20260122)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I have introduced a printing bug in the Rocq back-end, reported by
  Xavier Leroy. I am releasing version 20260203 today to fix this bug.


Caml in the Capital - Registrations Open!
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sacha Ayoun announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone !

  We are excited to officially invite you to the first Caml in the
  Capital meetup!  We have two fantastic talks planned, some free pizza
  =F0=9F=8D=95 generously sponsored by the OCaml Software Foundation =F0=9F=
=90=AA and great
  company to chat with :grinning_face_with_smiling_eyes:

  =E2=80=A2 *Registration link:* [HERE] *(Please register asap so we can
     anticipate)*
  =E2=80=A2 *Date:* Thursday February 26th from 6:30pm to 8:30pm
  =E2=80=A2 *Location:* Imperial College London, Flowers Building, Room FLOW
     G.47A.


[HERE]


Talks
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Compile-time Computation for Caml

  /by Jeremy Yallop/

  (Abstract TBD)


=E2=97=8A Dynamic Verification of OCaml Software with ORTAC/QCheck-STM

  /by Nikolaus Huber/

        In this talk I would like to introduce the QCheck-STM
        plugin for ORTAC, a framework for dynamic verification of
        OCaml code. ORTAC/QCheck-STM consumes OCaml module
        signatures annotated with contracts expressed in the
        Gospel language and generates code for automated runtime
        assertion checking from it. I will highlight some details
        of the implementation of the tool, the structure of the
        generated code, and on errors found in established OCaml
        libraries.

  =E2=80=94

  We are very much looking forward to meeting the OCaml community in
  London!

  Cheers, Alistair & Sacha


An experimental branch of Merlin based on Domains and Effects
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Carine Morel announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello! For those interested, [here] is the link to the video of the
  talk @pitag and I gave on the subject at Lambda World last year! Don't
  hesitate to ask questions here or under the video!


[here] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Windows Docker Images]
  =E2=80=A2 [Weeknotes for week 6]
  =E2=80=A2 [More CFI and frame pointers work]
  =E2=80=A2 [OCaml Roundup: January 2026]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Windows Docker Images]


[Weeknotes for week 6]


[More CFI and frame pointers work]


[OCaml Roundup: January 2026]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 03 to 10, 20=
26.

    



    

    intel_hex.0.3
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-intel-hex-0-3/17771/1

    

    

    

    Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Hi there!

    


    
I am excited to announce the release of the intel_hex library. This library is a manipulation libr=
ary that provides functions for reading, writing, and creating Intel HEX da=
ta, which is a common format used in embedded system programming.

    



    

    Intel_hex.Record.
  [
      Extended_segment_address 0x0F;
      Data (0x0000, "Hello ");
      Data (0x0007, "World!");
      End_of_file;
  ]
|> Intel_hex.records_to_string=20
|> print_endline

    

    


    :02000002000FED
:0600000048656C6C6F20E6
:06000700576F726C6421CA
:00000001FF

    


    
Also, you can of course read the IHEX object file from other sources:

    

    

    In_channel.with_open_text "data.hex" Intel=
_hex.object_of_channel

    

    


    

    - : Intel_hex.Object.t =3D=20
{=20
  start_linear_address =3D 0;
  start_segment_address =3D {cs =3D 0; ip =3D 0};
  chunks =3D [(240, "Hello "); (247,=
 "World!")]
}

    

    


    
Limitations

    


    
32-bitness. To represent 32-bit integers, the library uses the OCaml int da=
ta type. This may be problematic for 32-bit systems, as it can lead to over=
flow errors, but it works fine for most 64-bit systems.

    


    
Start addressing and extending addressing. Not fully supported for real-wor=
ld use. I would appreciate your pull request on this!

    

    

    

    

    

    layoutz 0.0.2 - a tiny DSL for beautiful CLI output in OCaml =
=F0=9F=AA=B6
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an=
n-layoutz-0-0-2-a-tiny-dsl-for-beautiful-cli-output-in-ocaml/17774/1

    

    

    

    Matthieu Court announced
    

    

    
Hello all! Been working on layoutz, a tiny, zero-dep combinator lib fo=
r making pretty, structured, terminal output: tables, trees, boxes, ANSI st=
yled elements, etc.

    


    
Would love to hear how the API feels: Smooth? Any missing primitives you'd =
expect? Many thanks!

    

    

    

    

    

    New release of Menhir (20260122)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-new-release-of-menhir-2026=
0122/17764/6

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier announc=
ed
    

    

    
I have introduced a printing bug in the Rocq back-end, reported by Xavier L=
eroy. I am releasing version 20260203 today to fix this bug.

    

    

    

    

    

    Caml in the Capital - Registrations Open!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caml-in-the-capita=
l-registrations-open/17776/1

    

    

    

    Sacha Ayoun announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone !

    


    
We are excited to officially invite you to the first Caml in the Capital me=
etup!
We have two fantastic talks planned, some free pizza =F0=9F=8D=95 generousl=
y sponsored by the OCaml Software Foundation =F0=9F=90=AA and great company=
 to chat with :grinning_face_with_smiling_eyes:

    


      

    • Registration link: HERE (Please register =
asap so we can anticipate)
      • 

    • Date: Thursday February 26th from 6:30pm to 8:30pm
      • 

    • Location: Imperial College London, Flowers Building, Room FLOW G=
.47A.
      • 

    

    

    

    Talks
    

    

    

      

    • Compile-time Computation for Caml
      

      

      
by Jeremy Yallop

      


      
(Abstract TBD)

      

      

      • 

    • Dynamic Verification of OCaml Software with OR=
TAC/QCheck-STM
      

      

      
by Nikolaus Huber

      


      

      
In this talk I would like to introduce the QCheck-STM plugin for ORTAC, a f=
ramework for dynamic verification of OCaml code. ORTAC/QCheck-STM consumes =
OCaml module signatures annotated with contracts expressed in the Gospel la=
nguage and generates code for automated runtime assertion checking from it.=
 I will highlight some details of the implementation of the tool, the struc=
ture of the generated code, and on errors found in established OCaml librar=
ies.

      

      


      
—

      


      
We are very much looking forward to meeting the OCaml community in London!

      


      
Cheers,
Alistair & Sacha

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    An experimental branch of Merlin based on Domains and Effects<=
/h2>

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/ann-an-experimental-branch-of-merlin-based-on-domains-and-effects/17195/1=
1

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Carine Morel announced
    

    

    
Hello! For those interested, here is the link to the video of the talk @pitag and I gave=
 on the subject at Lambda World last year! Don't hesitate to ask questions =
here or under the video!

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    


    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 10 to 17,
2026.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

trace 0.11
Bogue, the OCaml GUI
OCaml examples of computing with encrypted or private data
CMake, Ninja and Google or-tools packages
Neocaml-mode (A modern Emacs major mode for OCaml) is looking for testers
YOCaml, a framework for static site generator
Other OCaml News
Old CWN


trace 0.11
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Simon Cruanes announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear all, I'm delighted to announce the release of [trace 0.11]. This
  is a major release and hopefully the last one before 1.0.

  [trace] is a lightweight foundation for instrumentation, a bit like
  [rust's tracing]. It provides a _protocol_ between, one the one hand,
  libraries and applications that are instrumented; and a _collector_
  that decides what to do with that. My hope is that projects
  (especially libraries) can adopt `trace' without fear because of the
  tiny footprint and high flexibility, the same way `logs' is used in
  many places. Existing collectors can produce [chrome format traces],
  fuchsia traces, plug into [tracy], or into [opentelemetry]; a bridge
  to `Runtime_events' is planned[^1].

  [^1]: trace is more flexible than `Runtime_events' and works on OCaml
  4, but of course it should be possible to have both interoperate!

  [API docs for the main library]


[trace 0.11]


[trace] 

[rust's tracing] 

[chrome format traces]


[tracy] 

[opentelemetry] 

[API docs for the main library]


brief example
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  A simple example program from the readme:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 let (let@) =3D (@@)
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let run () =3D
  =E2=94=82   Trace.set_process_name "main";
  =E2=94=82   Trace.set_thread_name "t1";
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   let n =3D ref 0 in
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82   for _i =3D 1 to 50 do
  =E2=94=82     let@ _sp =3D Trace.with_span ~__FILE__ ~__LINE__ "outer.loo=
p" in
  =E2=94=82     for _j =3D 2 to 5 do
  =E2=94=82       incr n;
  =E2=94=82       let _sp =3D Trace.with_span ~__FILE__ ~__LINE__ "inner.lo=
op" in
  =E2=94=82       Trace.messagef (fun k -> k "hello %d %d" _i _j);
  =E2=94=82       Trace.message "world";
  =E2=94=82       Trace.counter_int "n" !n;
  =E2=94=82     done
  =E2=94=82   done
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 let () =3D
  =E2=94=82   (* here we setup the collector *)
  =E2=94=82   let@ () =3D Trace_tef.with_setup ~out:(`File "trace.json") ()=
 in
  =E2=94=82   run ()
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  If we run the program with `TRACE=3D1' to enable this particular
  collector, we get a trace file in `trace.json' (but with actual
  timestamps):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 [{"pid":2,"name":"process_name","ph":"M","args": {"name":"main"=
}},
  =E2=94=82 {"pid":2,"tid": 3,"name":"thread_name","ph":"M","args": {"name"=
:"t1"}},
  =E2=94=82 {"pid":2,"cat":"","tid": 3,"ts": 2.00,"name":"hello 1 2","ph":"=
I"},
  =E2=94=82 {"pid":2,"cat":"","tid": 3,"ts": 3.00,"name":"world","ph":"I"},
  =E2=94=82 {"pid":2,"tid":3,"ts":4.00,"name":"c","ph":"C","args": {"n":1}},
  =E2=94=82 =E2=80=A6
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Opening it in  we get something like this:

  [screenshot of perfetto UI]


[screenshot of perfetto UI]



what's new in 0.11
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  0.11 contains major changes, almost all of which are breaking _on the
  collector side_. Instrumented programs should be **mostly**
  unaffected, aside from many deprecation warnings.

  The core change is that `Trace.span' is [now] an **open sum type**,
  and not `int64'. This means less global state and fewer tables needed:
  collectors can pick exactly what data gets carried from the
  `enter_span' site into the `exit_span' site, if any. In turns,
  collectors get simpler and faster. The notion of "manual" span is now
  dead (a simple alias to normal spans) and all related functions are
  deprecated. 1.0 will not have this notion at all.

  In addition, collectors are now [a bag of callbacks+a state], rather
  than a first class module. `trace.subscriber' has been removed because
  the notion of subscriber is subsumed by the notion of collector (now
  more easily composable). The TEF and fuchsia collectors are now
  simpler and free of global state.

  `user_data' is now a polymorphic variant to, for better ease of
  use. Metrics are an open sum type, and the previous `int' and `float'
  cases are just provided as constructors of this type. Dependencies on
  `thread-local-storage' and `hmap' are now entirely gone.


[now]


[a bag of callbacks+a state]



organization note
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C

  Note: the project has moved from my gh account (c-cube) to a dedicated
  organization [ocaml-tracing] for telemetry and tracing projects. Other
  projects such as [opentelemetry] have also migrated there.


[ocaml-tracing] 

[opentelemetry] 


Bogue, the OCaml GUI
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, sanette announced
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=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi

  I'm happy to announce [Bogue] version 20260208, now available on opam.

  The main novelties are
  =E2=81=83 Color management has been improved (_warning: breaking change_)
  =E2=81=83 New: *Text input validator* : you can write rules (or simply a
    regexp) to warn the user whether the text they are typing is
    correct.
  =E2=81=83 New: *Mailbox* module: setup a mailbox server and send arbitrary
    messages between widgets.
  =E2=81=83 Installation on Windows has been simplified.
  =E2=81=83 Compatibility with old versions of SDL.

  Have fun!

  Here are the details:

  =E2=81=83 /Colors/: All colors and some of the API have been split into t=
he
    `RGB' and `RGBA' modules. Named colors are now true identifiers:
    =E2=81=83 instead of writing `let c =3D Draw.find_color "aliceblue' you=
 should
      now use `let c =3D RGB.aliceblue'; and instead of `let c =3D
      Draw.(opaque (find_color "aliceblue"))' you write now `let c =3D
      RGBA.aliceblue'.
    =E2=81=83 if you're lazy to correct these, you may simply do `open Bogu=
e.RGB
      open Bogue.RGBA'; it should be enough in most cases.

  =E2=81=83 /Text input validator/: Example using the included *email
    validator*:
    

  =E2=81=83 /Mailbox API/: for complicated GUIs with circular connnections
    between widgets, the usual Bogue solution was to use an `update'
    event, see [here]. Now this method has been leveraged to a full
    Mailbox system where any type of message can be sent.

  =E2=81=83 /Windows/ users should follow the instructions [here]. Continuo=
us
    testing (CI) is now guaranteed to work on Windows mingw64 (and of
    course Linux and MacOS)

  =E2=81=83 /SDL/: if you have an old version of SDL (>=3D 2.0.6) and are t=
oo lazy
    to upgrade, rejoice: simply follow the instructions [here]


[Bogue] 

[here]


[here] 

[here] 


OCaml examples of computing with encrypted or private data
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Xavier Leroy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Last Fall, I gave a [series of lectures] on secure computing
  (computing with encrypted or private data).

  Here is some companion OCaml code that demonstrates these techniques:
   .

  If you're curious about homomorphic encryption, zero-knowledge proofs,
  secure multi-party computation, oblivious transfers, private set
  intersection and so on, you might enjoy these code examples and the
  explanations given in the lectures.

  This code is probably insecure and not intended to be used in actual
  high-security applications.  If you're into this kind of things, see
  [Belenios], an excellent e-voting system written in OCaml that uses
  many of these secure computing techniques.


[series of lectures]


[Belenios] 


CMake, Ninja and Google or-tools packages
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


jbeckford announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  It is my pleasure to announce the following packages for
  ():

  =E2=80=A2 [`CommonsBase_Build.CMake0@3.25.3'] and
    [`CommonsBase_Build.Ninja0@1.12.1']: CMake and Ninja. The C
    compiler, Ninja and CMake are the basic tools used to build the
    majority of modern C projects.
  =E2=80=A2 [`NotGoogleDev_OR.Tools.F_Lib@9.15.0'] and
    [`NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0']: Google's `or-tools'
    libraries discussed by @tbrk in a couple threads last week
    (
    and
    )

  These packages are my /start/ to a clean replacement for opam
  `depexts'. `depexts' does not work well for me: basic engineering
  (reproducibility) is gone, system packages often are too far behind
  their upstream versions, the complete unavailability for Windows
  users, the occasional symlink break with homebrew, etc.

  Here's the basic idea (macOS only for now):

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 # There are other ways to install dk0 but for now use this
  =E2=94=82 $ git clone --branch V2_5 https://github.com/diskuv/dk.git dksrc
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # Then invoke a fully-qualified target to build `or-tools`
  =E2=94=82 # which will quickly download precompiled artifacts
  =E2=94=82 $ dksrc/dk0 --trial get-object NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15=
.0 \
  =E2=94=82   -s Release.Darwin_arm64 -d target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 # See what is there
  =E2=94=82 $ tree target/ocaml-ortools-arm64 --filelimit 5
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64
  =E2=94=82 =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 include  [33 entries exceeds fileli=
mit, not opening dir]
  =E2=94=82 =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 shared
  =E2=94=82 =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 lib  [262 entries excee=
ds filelimit, not opening dir]
  =E2=94=82 =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 static
  =E2=94=82     =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 lib  [131 entries exceeds filel=
imit, not opening dir]
  =E2=94=82 # ...
  =E2=94=82 $ du -sh target/ocaml-ortools-arm64
  =E2=94=82 464M    target/ocaml-ortools-arm64
  =E2=94=82 # ...
  =E2=94=82 $ find target/ocaml-ortools-arm64 -name 'libortools*'
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools.9.15.so
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools_flatzinc.so
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools_flatzinc.9.15.=
so
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools.9.so
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools.so
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools_flatzinc.9.so
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/static/lib/libortools.a
  =E2=94=82 target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/static/lib/libortools_flatzinc.a
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        /`or-tools' is just a proof of concept to test my CMake
        package. I know little about `or-tools'! I just picked it
        because it was the C library being discussed last week./

  Calling a build target looks at first like installing a package:

  =E2=80=A2 you get a 125MB compressed download of precompiled `or-tools'
    libraries. In this case those libraries have been packaged to follow
    OCaml conventions (both static and shared libraries are present, and
    `.so' extensions instead of `.dylib' on macOS) =E2=80=A6 the same thing=
 you
    expect when you use depexts.

  But `dk0' is a build tool. So if you change to a set of parameters
  that has not been precompiled like so:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 rm t/d/val.1/j* # hack for bug https://github.com/diskuv/dk/iss=
ues/98
  =E2=94=82=20
  =E2=94=82 dksrc/dk0 --verbose -I dksrc/etc/dk/v --trial \
  =E2=94=82   get-object NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0 \=20
  =E2=94=82   -s Release.Darwin_x86_64 -d target/ocaml-ortools-intel/
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  the build will happen locally (~1 hour on an M1).

  This style of build system may be unfamiliar. So my analogies would
  be:

  =E2=80=A2 a `nix' binary cache with overlays (I haven't personally used
    `nix'); JSON and Lua serve the same purpose as the Nix language, or
  =E2=80=A2 an Internet-accessible dune cache that everybody can use; JSON =
and
    Lua serve the same purpose as dune files and dune `(rule ...)'
    expressions.

  The CMake package limitations as of 2026-02-12 =E2=80=A6 but scroll down =
in
  this thread to see if I have posted an update:

  =E2=80=A2 I haven't had the time to complete dk0 packages for C compilers=
, so
    the CMake package is incomplete. CMake + Ninja discovers C compilers
    on macOS trivially, and last week's threads were discussing macOS,
    so I prioritized macOS with xcode.
  =E2=80=A2 I tested the CMake package on Apple Silicon. Windows is partial=
ly
    tested but don't use Windows yet.
  =E2=80=A2 There is no integration with opam or dune yet.

  Thanks!

  =E2=80=94


[`CommonsBase_Build.CMake0@3.25.3']


[`CommonsBase_Build.Ninja0@1.12.1']


[`NotGoogleDev_OR.Tools.F_Lib@9.15.0']


[`NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0']


Building your own packages
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C

        /This is bonus material for those thinking about building
        dk0 packages/

  The JSON build file for `NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0' is
  

  `NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0' uses the C library package
  `NotGoogleDev_OR.Tools.F_Lib@9.15.0'. Its Lua build file is
  .

  And `NotGoogleDev_OR.Tools.F_Lib@9.15.0' uses the tool package
  `CommonsBase_Build.CMake0.F_Build@3.25.3'. You can use a command line
  variation of it (`CommonsBase_Build.CMake0.Build@3.25.3') without any
  JSON or Lua build files =E2=80=A6 here is an example:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 dksrc/dk0 --trial run CommonsBase_Build.CMake0.Build@3.25.3 ins=
talldir=3Di/llama-cpp \
  =E2=94=82   >   'mirrors[]=3Dhttps://github.com/ggml-org/llama.cpp/archiv=
e/refs/tags' \
  =E2=94=82   >   'urlpath=3Db7974.zip#be9d624603e39cd4edee5fa85e8812eb8e13=
93537c8e4e4629bc4bd016388053,29881192' \
  =E2=94=82   >   'nstrip=3D1' 'gargs[]=3D-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS:BOOL=3DOFF' \
  =E2=94=82   >   'exe[]=3Dbin/*' \
  =E2=94=82   >   'out[]=3Dbin/llama-quantize' \
  =E2=94=82   >   'outrmglob[]=3Dtest-*' 'outrmglob[]=3D*.py' \
  =E2=94=82   >   'outrmglob[]=3Dllama-[a-p]*' 'outrmglob[]=3Dllama-[r-z]*'=
 \
  =E2=94=82   >   'outrmexact[]=3Dinclude' 'outrmexact[]=3Dlib'
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  With that single command, `CommonsBase_Build.CMake0.Build@3.25.3' will
  download the popular C package `llama.cpp', build a static library,
  remove several of its artifacts, and install what remains (especially
  bin/llama-quantize) into the `i/llama-cpp' directory. Then type
  `i/llama-cpp/bin/llama-quantize --help' to run what you just built.

  If you want to make your own CMake-based package for OCaml, work
  backwards from that explanation:

  1. use the command line first to build a CMake project. It will do the
     download, and run the `cmake -G', `cmake --build', `cmake
     --install' on your behalf. The `dk0' error messages usually print
     with helpful recommendations, and look at the top of
     [`CommonsBase_Build.CMake0@3.25.3'] for documentation.
  2. then make a Lua build file to package it for C. You'll make a Lua
     function ("rule") to set the command line arguments (what you
     tested in the last step). At minimum, you need your Lua rule to say
     how to get static vs shared libraries (you need both), and what
     CMake flags to use for what platforms.
  3. then make a JSON build file to package it for OCaml. Again, rely on
     the `dk0' error messages.
  4. then make a GitHub Actions job to distribute it. Here is the GitHub
     Actions job for one of today's announced packages:
     . On
     success, GitHub Actions will print the import commands you can run
     so all the precompiled artifacts are available on your desktop.


[`CommonsBase_Build.CMake0@3.25.3']



Neocaml-mode (A modern Emacs major mode for OCaml) is looking for testers
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Bozhidar Batsov announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hey everyone,

  Just wanted to let you know I=E2=80=99ve spent a bit of time polishing
  [neocaml] and I think now it=E2=80=99s ready to be used (or at least test=
ed)
  by more people. The font-locking and indentation are more or less
  done, and there=E2=80=99s also a basic integration with OCaml
  toplevels. Coupled with something like `ocaml-eglot' the existing
  functionality should get you pretty far.

  You=E2=80=99ll still have to install it from the GitHub repo (you=E2=80=
=99ll find
  detailed instructions there), but I=E2=80=99ve also opened a MELPA recipe=
 PR,
  so I hope the installation process will become simpler soon.

  Feel free to share feedback and feature requests here and over at
  GitHub!

  P.S. I know the name is a bit controversial (some people said it
  evokes nvim vibes), and the down the road I may just rename it to
  ocaml-mode or try to merge it with Tuareg. Naming remains hard=E2=80=A6


[neocaml] 


Bozhidar Batsov later added
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  A couple of small updates:

  =E2=80=A2 Neocaml is now on MELPA 
  =E2=80=A2 I wrote a short blog post about the first =E2=80=9Cofficial=E2=
=80=9D release
    


YOCaml, a framework for static site generator
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *[ANN] YOCaml 3.0.0*

        It had been a while since we announced a release of YOCaml
        (since `2.5.0'), but this weekend we released version
        `3.0.0' (already available on OPAM)!

  Since version `2.5.0', many changes have been made to YOCaml, which
  you can read about in the release notes for the various versions
  released over the months: ([`2.6.0'], [`2.7.0'], [`2.8.0']).

  Some major innovations that can be noted are:

  =E2=80=A2 YOCaml finally deletes files that it did not create, which allo=
ws
    for intermediate build steps that construct finer caches (making it
    possible, for example, to create [backlinks] or [transclusions])
    ([yocaml#108])

  =E2=80=A2 As mentioned by @benfaerber, adding `yocaml_liquid' as an
    alternative template engine. ([yocaml#101])

  =E2=80=A2 Major improvements to the validation/projection language (and
    greater rigour in the concept of validation/normalisation)
    ([yocaml#98], [yocaml#109], [yocaml#115])

  =E2=80=A2 Greater control over the iteration logic of actions, allowing
    recursive traversal of file system fragments, among other things
    ([yocaml#111]).

  =E2=80=A2 _Last but not least_, in this poorly named PR, [yocaml#120], we
    added the possibility for a task to create multiple files and
    replaced the internal representation of time. Previously, we used
    integers, but now we have switched to floats, which offer greater
    precision (and allow CI to correctly execute CRAM tests that
    generate sites).

  In addition, there are bug fixes, usability improvements, and=E2=80=A6 **a
  drastic improvement in error reporting**, which I will explain in the
  next section!


[`2.6.0'] 

[`2.7.0'] 

[`2.8.0'] 

[backlinks] 

[transclusions] 

[yocaml#108] 

[yocaml#101] 

[yocaml#98] 

[yocaml#109] 

[yocaml#115] 

[yocaml#111] 

[yocaml#120] 

About the Outreachy
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Many of the improvements to YOCaml were made possible thanks to
  various participants in the [Outreachy programme], which led to
  @Linda_Njau being selected as an intern! His work is divided into two
  specific areas:

  =E2=80=A2 Drastically improve YOCaml error reporting : [yocaml#113],
    [yocaml#114], [yocaml#116]. Before these patches, YOCaml errors were
    extremely difficult to diagnose. Since @Linda_Njau took care of
    them, they are now easier to read, provide context (which file
    failed to create, and which file was being read), and are displayed
    in the preview server, so you don't have to go and read the
    terminal!

  =E2=80=A2 The second part of his internship involves working on
    [yocaml-codex], a project currently under development that aims to
    provide a standard library of templates for building websites faster
    with YOCaml and sharing the various templates that have been written
    over the course of the websites developed with YOCaml. _Stay tuned_!

  We are very satisfied (and impressed) with her work, and she has
  documented her contributions in a blog=E2=80=A6 freshly designed, with YO=
Caml,
  of course:
  


[Outreachy programme] 

[yocaml#113] 

[yocaml#114] 

[yocaml#116] 

[yocaml-codex] 


About the tutorial
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  The tutorial is progressing slowly but surely, and we have notably
  added a section that describes how to validate/project data to work
  with most description languages (such as Yaml, ToML, etc.) and most
  template engines (Jingoo, Mustache, Liquid) : [Your Own Data Model]

  We also took the opportunity to clarify the [use of file paths] and
  document [the resolver technique]!

  We will continue to write sections and document the use of YOCaml, so
  if you have any suggestions, comments, or requests, please send them
  to us!


[Your Own Data Model]


[use of file paths] 

[the resolver technique]



Closing words
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In September last year, I gave a very clumsy (_so French_)
  [presentation of YOCaml at Fun OCaml] which presents YOCaml's design
  choices!

  YOCaml is becoming increasingly usable thanks to the [contributions of
  many people]! Thank you. If you want to create a static blog/website
  in OCaml, YOCaml is one of many fun options!

  =E2=80=A2 [Repository]
  =E2=80=A2 [Release note]
  =E2=80=A2 [Packages]

  =F0=9F=90=AB _Happy hacking and blogging_ =F0=9F=90=AB


[presentation of YOCaml at Fun OCaml]


[contributions of many people]


[Repository] 

[Release note] 

[Packages] 


Other OCaml News
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

>>From the ocaml.org blog
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at [the ocaml.org
  blog].

  =E2=80=A2 [Day10: opam package testing tool]
  =E2=80=A2 [Tessera pipeline in OCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [.plan-26-07: Storage, Lego, Echo, and the IUCN]
  =E2=80=A2 [Neocaml 0.1: Ready for Action]
  =E2=80=A2 [The 15-Game]
  =E2=80=A2 [Optimizing an MP3 Codec with OCaml/OxCaml]
  =E2=80=A2 [Announcing New Wasm_of_ocaml Optimisations]


[the ocaml.org blog] 

[Day10: opam package testing tool]


[Tessera pipeline in OCaml]


[.plan-26-07: Storage, Lego, Echo, and the IUCN]


[Neocaml 0.1: Ready for Action]


[The 15-Game] 

[Optimizing an MP3 Codec with OCaml/OxCaml]


[Announcing New Wasm_of_ocaml Optimisations]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 10 to 17, 20=
26.

    



    

    trace 0.11
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-trace-0-11/17796/1

    

    

    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Dear all, I'm delighted to announce the release of trace 0.11. This is=
 a major release and hopefully the last one before 1.0.

    


    
trace is a li=
ghtweight foundation for instrumentation, a bit like rust's tracing. It provides a protocol between, one the one hand, libraries and applica=
tions that are instrumented; and a collector that decides what to do with that. My hope is that projects (especially =
libraries) can adopt trace without fear because of the tiny fo=
otprint and high flexibility, the same way logs is used in man=
y places. Existing collectors can produce chrome form=
at traces, fuchsia traces, plug into tracy, or into opentelemetry; a bridge to Runtim=
e_events is planned[^1].

    


    
[^1]: trace is more flexible than Runtime_events and works on =
OCaml 4, but of course it should be possible to have both interoperate!

    


    
API docs for the main library

    

    

    

    brief example
    

    

    
A simple example program from the readme:

    

    

    let (let@) =3D (@@)

let run () =3D
  Trace.set_proce=
ss_name "main";
  Trace.set_threa=
d_name "t1";

  let n =3D ref 0 i=
n

  for _i =3D 1 to 50 do
    let@ _sp =3D Trace.with_span ~__FI=
LE__ ~__LINE__ "outer.loop" in
    for _j =3D 2 =
to 5 do
      incr n;
      let _sp =3D Trace.with_span ~__F=
ILE__ ~__LINE__ "inner.loop" in
      Trace.messa=
gef (fun k -> k "h=
ello %d %d" _i _j);
      Trace.messa=
ge "world";
      Trace.count=
er_int "n" !n;
    done
  done

let () =3D
  (* here we setup the collector=
 *)
  let@ () =3D Trace_tef.with_setup=
 ~out:(`File "trace.j=
son") () in
  run ()

    

    


    
If we run the program with TRACE=3D1 to enable this particular=
 collector, we get a trace file in trace.json (but with actual=
 timestamps):

    


    [{"pid":2,"name":"process_name","ph":"M","args": {"name":"main"}},
{"pid":2,"tid": 3,"name":"thread_name","ph":"M","args": {"name":"t1"}},
{"pid":2,"cat":"","tid": 3,"ts": 2.00,"name":"hello 1 2","ph":"I"},
{"pid":2,"cat":"","tid": 3,"ts": 3.00,"name":"world","ph":"I"},
{"pid":2,"tid":3,"ts":4.00,"name":"c","ph":"C","args": {"n":1}},
=E2=80=A6

    


    
Opening it in https://ui.perfetto.dev we get something like this:

    


    
screenshot of perfetto UI

    

    

    

    

    what's new in 0.11
    

    

    
0.11 contains major changes, almost all of which are breaking on the collector side. Instrumented programs should b=
e mostly unaffected, aside from many deprecation warnings.

    


    
The core change is that Trace.span is now an open sum type, and not int64. This means l=
ess global state and fewer tables needed: collectors can pick exactly what =
data gets carried from the enter_span site into the exit=
_span site, if any. In turns, collectors get simpler and faster. The=
 notion of "manual" span is now dead (a simple alias to normal spans) and a=
ll related functions are deprecated. 1.0 will not have this notion at all.

    


    
In addition, collectors are now a bag of callbacks+a sta=
te, rather than a first class module. trace.subscriber has=
 been removed because the notion of subscriber is subsumed by the notion of=
 collector (now more easily composable). The TEF and fuchsia collectors are=
 now simpler and free of global state.

    


    
user_data is now a polymorphic variant to, for better ease of =
use. Metrics are an open sum type, and the previous int and float cases are just provided as constructors of this type. Depe=
ndencies on thread-local-storage and hmap are now=
 entirely gone.

    

    

    

    

    organization note
    

    

    
Note: the project has moved from my gh account (c-cube) to a dedicated orga=
nization ocaml-tracing fo=
r telemetry and tracing projects. Other projects such as opentelemetry have also =
migrated there.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Bogue, the OCaml GUI
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-bogue-the-ocaml-gui/9099/65

    

    
    

    

    

    OCaml examples of computing with encrypted or private data
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an=
n-ocaml-examples-of-computing-with-encrypted-or-private-data/17799/1

    

    

    

    Xavier Leroy announced
    

    

    
Last Fall, I gave a series of lectures  on secure computing (computing with encryp=
ted or private data).

    


    
Here is some companion OCaml code that demonstrates these techniques: https://github.com/x=
avierleroy/secure-computing .

    


    
If you're curious about homomorphic encryption, zero-knowledge proofs, secu=
re multi-party computation, oblivious transfers, private set intersection a=
nd so on, you might enjoy these code examples and the explanations given in=
 the lectures.

    


    
This code is probably insecure and not intended to be used in actual high-s=
ecurity applications.  If you're into this kind of things, see Belenios, an excellent e-voting system writte=
n in OCaml that uses many of these secure computing techniques.

    

    

    

    

    

    CMake, Ninja and Google or-tools packages
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dk0-cmake-ni=
nja-and-google-or-tools-packages/17805/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the following packages for (https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/ann-the-dk0-build-system/17709):

    




    
These packages are my start to a clean replacement for opam de=
pexts. depexts does not work well for me: basic enginee=
ring (reproducibility) is gone, system packages often are too far behind th=
eir upstream versions, the complete unavailability for Windows users, the o=
ccasional symlink break with homebrew, etc.

    


    
Here's the basic idea (macOS only for now):

    


    

    # Th=
ere are other ways to install dk0 but for now use this
$ git clone --branch V2_5 https://github.com/diskuv/dk.git dksrc

# Then invoke a fully-qualified target =
to build `or-tools`
# which will quickly download pr=
ecompiled artifacts
$ dksrc/dk0 --trial get-object NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0 \
  -s Release.Darwin_arm64 -d target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/

# See what is there
$ tree target/ocaml-ortools-arm64 --filelimit 5
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64
├── include  [33 entries exceeds filelimit, not opening d=
ir]
├── shared
│   └── lib  [262 entries exceeds filelimit, not op=
ening dir]
└── static
    └── lib  [131 entries exceeds filelimit, not opening =
dir]
# ...
$ du -sh target/ocaml-ortools-arm64
464M    target/ocaml-ortools-arm64
# ...
$ find target/ocaml-ortools-arm64 -name 'libortools*'
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools.9.15.so
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools_flatzinc.so
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools_flatzinc.9.15.so
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools.9.so
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools.so
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/shared/lib/libortools_flatzinc.9.so
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/static/lib/libortools.a
target/ocaml-ortools-arm64/static/lib/libortools_flatzinc.a

    

    


    

    
or-tools is just a proof of concept to test my CMake packag=
e. I know little about or-tools! I just picked it because it w=
as the C library being discussed last week.

    

    


    
Calling a build target looks at first like installing a package:

    


      

    • you get a 125MB compressed download of precompiled or-tools libraries. In this case those libraries have been packaged to follow OCam=
l conventions (both static and shared libraries are present, and .so<=
/code> extensions instead of .dylib on macOS) … the sam=
e thing you expect when you use depexts.
      • 

    


    
But dk0 is a build tool. So if you change to a set of paramete=
rs that has not been precompiled like so:

    


    

    rm t/d/val.1/j* # hack for bug https://github.com/diskuv/dk/issues/98

dksrc/dk0 --verbose -I dksrc/etc/dk/v --trial \
  get-object NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0 \ 
  -s Release.Darwin_x86_64 -d target/ocaml-ortools-intel/

    

    


    
the build will happen locally (~1 hour on an M1).

    


    
This style of build system may be unfamiliar. So my analogies would be:

    


      

    • a nix binary cache with overlays (I haven't personally use=
d nix); JSON and Lua serve the same purpose as the Nix languag=
e, or
      • 

    • an Internet-accessible dune cache that everybody can use; JSON and Lua =
serve the same purpose as dune files and dune (rule ...) expre=
ssions.
      • 

    


    
The CMake package limitations as of 2026-02-12 … but scroll down in =
this thread to see if I have posted an update:

    


      

    • I haven't had the time to complete dk0 packages for C compilers, so the=
 CMake package is incomplete. CMake + Ninja discovers C compilers on macOS =
trivially, and last week's threads were discussing macOS, so I prioritized =
macOS with xcode.
      • 

    • I tested the CMake package on Apple Silicon. Windows is partially teste=
d but don't use Windows yet.
      • 

    • There is no integration with opam or dune yet.
      • 

    


    
Thanks!

    


    
—

    

    

    

    Building your own packages
    

    

    

    
This is bonus material for those thinking about building dk0 packages

    

    


    
The JSON build file for NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0 is =
https://github.com/diskuv/dk/blob/V2_5/etc/dk/v/N=
otInriaParkas_Caml/ORTools.values.jsonc

    


    
NotInriaParkas_Caml.ORTools@9.15.0 uses the C library package =
NotGoogleDev_OR.Tools.F_Lib@9.15.0. Its Lua build file is https://github.com/diskuv/dk/blob/V2_5/etc/dk/v/NotGoogleDev_=
OR/Tools.values.lua.

    


    
And NotGoogleDev_OR.Tools.F_Lib@9.15.0 uses the tool package <=
code>CommonsBase_Build.CMake0.F_Build@3.25.3. You can use a command =
line variation of it (CommonsBase_Build.CMake0.Build@3.25.3) w=
ithout any JSON or Lua build files … here is an example:

    


    

    dksrc/dk0 --trial run CommonsBase_Build.=
CMake0.Build@3.25.3 installdir=3Di/l=
lama-cpp \
  >   'mirrors[]=3Dhttps://github.com/gg=
ml-org/llama.cpp/archive/refs/tags' =
\
  >   'urlpath=3Db7974.zip#be9d624603e39=
cd4edee5fa85e8812eb8e1393537c8e4e4629bc4bd016388053,29881192' \
  >   'nstrip=3D1' 'gargs[]=3D-DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS:BOOL=3DOFF' \
  >   'exe[]=3Dbin/*' \
  >   'out[]=3Dbin/llama-quantize' \
  >   'outrmglob[]=3Dtest-*' 'outrmglob[]=3D*.py' \
  >   'outrmglob[]=3Dllama-[a-p]*' 'outrmglob[]=3Dllama-[r-z]*' \
  >   'outrmexact[]=3Dinclude' 'outrmexact[]=3Dlib'

    

    


    
With that single command, CommonsBase_Build.CMake0.Build@3.25.3 will download the popular C package llama.cpp, build a stati=
c library, remove several of its artifacts, and install what remains (espec=
ially bin/llama-quantize) into the i/llama-cpp directory. Then=
 type i/llama-cpp/bin/llama-quantize --help to run what you ju=
st built.

    


    
If you want to make your own CMake-based package for OCaml, work backwards =
from that explanation:

    


      

    1. use the command line first to build a CMake project. It will do the dow=
nload, and run the cmake -G, cmake --build, cmake --install on your behalf. The dk0 error messages=
 usually print with helpful recommendations, and look at the top of CommonsBase_Build.CMake0@3.25.3 for document=
ation.
      2. 

    2. then make a Lua build file to package it for C. You'll make a Lua funct=
ion ("rule") to set the command line arguments (what you tested in the last=
 step). At minimum, you need your Lua rule to say how to get static vs shar=
ed libraries (you need both), and what CMake flags to use for what platform=
s.
      3. 

    3. then make a JSON build file to package it for OCaml. Again, rely on the=
 dk0 error messages.
      4. 

    4. then make a GitHub Actions job to distribute it. Here is the GitHub Act=
ions job for one of today's announced packages: https://github.com/diskuv/dk/blob/7b1942596=
9be61bed0f1d6bf3015dac26d7966e1/.github/workflows/distribute-2.5.yml#L282-L=
364. On success, GitHub Actions will print the import commands you can =
run so all the precompiled artifacts are available on your desktop.
      5. 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Neocaml-mode (A modern Emacs major mode for OCaml) is looking =
for testers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml=
.org/t/neocaml-mode-a-modern-emacs-major-mode-for-ocaml-is-looking-for-test=
ers/17807/1

    

    

    

    Bozhidar Batsov announced
    

    

    
Hey everyone,

    


    
Just wanted to let you know I=E2=80=99ve spent a bit of time polishing neocaml and I think now it=
=E2=80=99s ready to be used (or at least tested) by more people. The font-l=
ocking and indentation are more or less done, and there=E2=80=99s also a ba=
sic integration with OCaml toplevels. Coupled with something like oca=
ml-eglot the existing functionality should get you pretty far.

    


    
You=E2=80=99ll still have to install it from the GitHub repo (you=E2=80=99l=
l find detailed instructions there), but I=E2=80=99ve also opened a MELPA r=
ecipe PR, so I hope the installation process will become simpler soon.

    


    
Feel free to share feedback and feature requests here and over at GitHub!

    


    
P.S. I know the name is a bit controversial (some people said it evokes nvi=
m vibes), and the down the road I may just rename it to ocaml-mode or try t=
o merge it with Tuareg. Naming remains hard=E2=80=A6

    

    

    

    

    Bozhidar Batsov later added
    

    

    
A couple of small updates:

    



    

    

    

    

    YOCaml, a framework for static site generator
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-yocaml-a-fr=
amework-for-static-site-generator/15393/12

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Xavier Van de Woestyne announ=
ced
    

    

    
[ANN] YOCaml 3.0.0

    


    

    
It had been a while since we announced a release of YOCaml (since 2.5=
.0), but this weekend we released version 3.0.0 (alread=
y available on OPAM)!

    

    


    
Since version 2.5.0, many changes have been made to YOCaml, wh=
ich you can read about in the release notes for the various versions releas=
ed over the months: (2.6.0, 2.7.0, 2.8.0).

    


    
Some major innovations that can be noted are:

    




    
In addition, there are bug fixes, usability improvements, and… a drastic improvement in error reporting, which I will explain in =
the next section!

    

    

    

    About the Outreachy
    

    

    
Many of the improvements to YOCaml were made possible thanks to various par=
ticipants in the Outreachy programme=
, which led to @Linda_Njau being selected as an intern! His work is div=
ided into two specific areas:

    


      

    • Drastically improve YOCaml error reporting : yocaml#113, yocaml#114, yocaml#116. Before these patches, YOCaml errors=
 were extremely difficult to diagnose. Since @Linda_Njau took care of them,=
 they are now easier to read, provide context (which file failed to create,=
 and which file was being read), and are displayed in the preview server, s=
o you don't have to go and read the terminal!
      • 


    • The second part of his internship involves working on yocaml-codex, a project currently und=
er development that aims to provide a standard library of templates for bui=
lding websites faster with YOCaml and sharing the various templates that ha=
ve been written over the course of the websites developed with YOCaml. Stay tuned!
      • 

    


    
We are very satisfied (and impressed) with her work, and she has documented=
 her contributions in a blog… freshly designed, with YOCaml, of cour=
se: https://engineering-yocaml-with-linda.netlify.app/articles/s=
econd_article

    

    

    

    

    About the tutorial
    

    

    
The tutorial is progressing slowly but surely, and we have notably added a =
section that describes how to validate/project data to work with most descr=
iption languages (such as Yaml, ToML, etc.) and most template engines (Jing=
oo, Mustache, Liquid) : Your Own Data Model

    


    
We also took the opportunity to clarify the use of file paths and document the resolver technique!

    


    
We will continue to write sections and document the use of YOCaml, so if yo=
u have any suggestions, comments, or requests, please send them to us!

    

    

    


    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2026 14:36:57 +0100
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Subject: [Caml-list] Attn: Development Editor, Latest OCaml Weekly News
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Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 17 to 24, 20=
26.

    



    

    OSEC-2026-01 in the OCaml runtime: Buffer Over-Read in OCaml M=
arshal Deserialization
    

    

    
Archive: https://inbox.ci.dev/caml-list/c3298309-a06d-4=
ac8-874c-fe2104078e61@mehnert.org/T/

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
it is my pleasure to announce the first security announcement of this=20
year, and the first coordinated by the new OCaml security response team=20
(https://ocaml.org/security).

    


    
Please subscribe to the OCaml security announcement mailing list=20
(https://sympa.inria.fr/sympa/info/ocsf-ocaml-security-announcements) to=20
receive all security advisories. To this mailing list I'll only copy=20
those affecting the core of OCaml distribution.

    


    
It should any moment now also appear at https://osv.dev/list?q=3DOSEC-2026-01

    


    
Human link:=20
https://github.com/ocaml/security-advisories/tree/m=
ain/advisories/2026/OSEC-2026-01.md

    


    id: OSEC-2026-01
modified: "2026-02-17T13:30:00Z"
published: "2026-02-17T13:30:00Z"
aliases: [  GHSA-j26j-m5xr-g23c GHSA-m34r-cgq7-jhfm ]
severity: "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N"
severity_score: "6.8"
affected: "ocaml" {< "4.14.3" | (>=3D "5" & < "5.4.1")}
events: [
   [
     git "https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml" [
       [fixed "b0a2614684a52acded784ec213f14ddfe085d146"]
     ]
   ]
   [
     git "https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml" [
       [fixed "e3919fef436f89271bc30bbe8592851f7289fb68"]
     ]
   ]
]
references: [
   [report=20
"https://github.com/ocaml/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-j26j=
-m5xr-g23c"]
]
credits: [
   [reporter "Justin Timperio"]
   [remediation_developer "Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r"]
   [remediation_developer "Xavier Leroy"]
   [remediation_developer "Gabriel Scherer"]
   [remediation_reviewer "Xavier Leroy"]
   [remediation_reviewer "Olivier Nicole"]
   [remediation_verifier "Mindy Preston"]
   [remediation_verifier "Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k"]
   [coordinator "Hannes Mehnert"]
]
cwe: [ CWE-126 CWE-502 CWE-754 ]

    


    
Buffer Over-Read in OCaml Marshal Deserialization

    

    

    

    Summary
    

    

    
A critical buffer over-read vulnerability in OCaml's Marshal=20
deserialization (runtime/intern.c) enables remote code execution through=20
a multi-phase attack chain. The vulnerability stems from missing bounds=20
validation in the readblock() function, which performs unbounded=20
memcpy() operations using attacker-controlled lengths from malicious=20
Marshal data.

    


    
Please note that Marshal is not type safe, and you have to be careful if=20
you use the deserialization on untrusted input (due to type confusion,=20
and remote code execution by design - you can use Marshal for code).

    


    
Affected functions: Marshal.from_channel, Marshal.from_b=
ytes,=20
Marshal.from_string, Stdlib.input_value, Pe=
rvasives.input_value=20
when reading data from an untrusted source.

    

    

    

    

    Vulnerability Attack Vector
    

    

    
Corrupted or malicious marshaled data that causes undefined behaviour in=20
the runtime system when unmarshaled.
input_value should either fail cleanly or produce a well-forme=
d OCaml=20
object, without corrupting the runtime system.

    


    
Consequently, this excludes:

    


      

    • well-formed marshaled data that produces an OCaml object that is not of=
 the type expected by the OCaml code and causes the Ocaml code to crash or =
misbehave
      • 


    • misuses of the OCaml runtime system by the program performing input_val=
ue, such as setting Debugger.function_placeholder to the wrong=
 function.
      • 

    


    
The former issue may be addressed at some point by validating the=20
unmarshaled OCaml value against the expected type, using the functions=20
from module Obj and some kind of run-time type description.

    


    
The latter issue is a bug in the program that unmarshals the data.

    

    

    

    

    Fix
    

    

    

      

    • OCaml runtime
      

      

      
The OCaml runtime has been hardened with additional bounds checks. An=20
exception is raised on bad input.

      

      

      • 

    • Third party libraries
      

      

      
Third party libraries that want to harden their custom Marshal=20
deserialization code can follow the example fix for bigarrays from the=20
standard library.
There are new macros in custom.h called Wsize_custom_dat=
a and=20
Bsize_custom_data that return the size in words or bytes of th=
e=20
allocated custom destination block. The deserializer needs to ensure it=20
only writes data within those bounds.

      


      
This only needs to be done if the library defines a custom type in a C=20
binding, and struct custom_operations's deserialize field is not set=20
to NULL or custom_deserialize_default, and =
struct=20
custom_operations's fixed_length field is set to =
NULL or=20
custom_fixed_length_default

      


      
Since Marshal.from* and input_value remain unsafe=
 to use, the fix=20
for the OCaml runtime is released, and we wouldn't attempt to coordinate=20
updating all deserialization functions in the ecosystem.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Timeline
    

    

      

    • Nov 4th 2025: Discovery Date: Discovered first in OxCaml
      • 

    • Nov 5th 2025: First Disclosure Date (Jane Street Team): Emailed top mai=
ntainers, no response.
      • 

    • Nov 9th 2025: Second Disclosure Date (OCaml Team): Submitted to OCaml/o=
caml GitHub Repo as a Security Advisory.
      • 

    • Nov 11th 2025: Emailed OCaml Security Mail List: Submitted to OCaml ove=
r email, responded asking for details.
      • 

    • Nov 11th 2025: Third Disclosure (OCaml Security Response Team): Submitt=
ed to ocaml/security-advisories GitHub Repo as a Security Advisory.
      • 

    • Dec 16th 2025: Initial patch is developed
      • 

    • Dec 17th 2025: Fuzz testing found further issues
      • 

    • Dec 24th 2025: Final patch for OCaml is developed
      • 

    • Dec 25th 2025: Fuzz testing couldn't find any further issues
      • 

    • Jan 2nd 2026: Patch got reviewed by OCaml maintainers
      • 

    • Jan 4th 2026: Benchmarking of the patch with good results
      • 

    • Jan 6th 2026: Reporter got contacted to confirm
      • 

    • Jan 25th 2026: Further related issues discovered by fuzzing
      • 

    • Feb 17th 2026: fixed OCaml releases are published, security advisory is=
 published
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml 5.4.1 and 4.14.3 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-5-4-1-and-4-14-3-released/1=
7822/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
We have the pleasure of announcing the dual releases of OCaml 4.14.3 and OC=
aml 5.4.1, dedicated to the memory of Nicolaas Govert de Bruijn on the anni=
versary of his death.

    


    
Those releases are a collection of safe and valuable runtime bugfixes.
The OCaml 5.4.1 release also contains a fix for the -pack mode=
 for macOs and various TSAN fixes.

    


    
More importantly, those new versions harden the Marshal module against mali=
cious inputs as described in the security announcement OSEC-2026-01.

    


    
We are encouraging you to switch to those new releases whenever possible.

    


    
Don't hesitate to report any bugs on the OCaml issue tracker.

    


    
See the list of changes below for more details.

    


    
Happy hacking,
– Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.

    



    
Installation Instructions

    


    
The base compilers will be soon installable as an opam switch with the foll=
owing commands:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 4.14.3
opam switch create 5.4.1

    



    
The source code for the release candidate is also directly available on:

    





    
OCaml 4.14.3 (17 February 2026)

    


      

    • #12070, #12075, #13209: auto-detect wheth=
er ar support @FILE arguments at
configure-time to avoid using this feature with toolchains that do not supp=
ort
it (eg FreeBSD/Darwin); backport from 5.3.
(backport by Boris Dobroslavov, original fix by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r=
, review by
Xavier Leroy, David Allsopp, Javier Ch=C3=A1varri, Anil Madhavapeddy)
      • 


    • #12207, #12222: Make closu=
re computation linear in the number of recursive
functions instead of quadratic
(Vincent Laviron, report by Fran=C3=A7ois Pottier, review by Nathana=C3=ABl=
le Courant
and Gabriel Scherer)
      • 


    • #13430, #13434: protect me=
mory-safety on Lazy.force races
(Gabriel Scherer and Vincent Laviron, report by Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k,
 review by Vincent Laviron)
      • 


    • #13448, #13449: fix a code=
-generation bug on unsafe array accesses
at type int32, int64, nativeint, which has been introduced in OCaml 4.04.
(Gabriel Scherer, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r and Vincent Laviron,
 report by Simon Cruanes)
      • 


    • #13516: Fix=
 regression where error conditions during bytecode initialisation
caused a segmentation fault rather than being properly reported (regression=
 of
#5115 in #11788)
(David Allsopp, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)
      • 


    • #13847: On =
Windows, maintain a number of threads waiting on the master lock to
avoid unnecessary context switches
(Dmitry Bely, review by Antonin D=C3=A9cimo)
      • 


    • #14007, #14015: Fix memory=
 corruption when an exception is raised during
demarshaling.
(Beno=C3=AEt Vaugon, review by David Allsopp and Gabriel Scherer)
      • 


    • OSEC-2026-01=
: robustify intern.c
(Xavier Leroy, review by Damien Doligez and Olivier Nicole)
      • 

    


    
OCaml 5.4.1 (17 February 2026)

    

    

    

    Bug fixes:
    

    

      

    • #14010: Fix=
 miscompilation / liveness errors for string operations
(Mark Shinwell, Xavier Clerc, review by Xavier Leroy and Gabriel Scherer)


    • #14065: Fix=
 function signature mismatch of __tsan_func_exit with GCC 15.
Check in the configure step if the TSan provided internal builtins are the
same as what we expect, introduce caml_tsan_* wrappers for the=
 __tsan_*
functions we use.
(Hari Hara Naveen S, report by Hari Hara Naveen S,
review by Gabriel Scherer, Antonin D=C3=A9cimo, Olivier Nicole)
      • 


    • #14417: Fix=
 issue with nested packs on macOS.
(Vincent Laviron, report by Kate Deplaix, review by Gabriel Scherer)
      • 


    • #14213: Fix=
 shadow-stack-related crashes with TSan
(Olivier Nicole, report by Nathan Taylor, review by Gabriel Scherer and
 Stefan Muenzel)
      • 


    • #14255: Fix=
 TSan bug with C calls that take many arguments
(Olivier Nicole and Miod Vallat, report by Nathan Taylor, review by Gabriel
 Scherer)
      • 


    • OSEC-2026-01=
: robustify intern.c
(Xavier Leroy and Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, review by Olivier Nicole, Mi=
ndy Preston,
Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k, and Gabriel Scherer)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Ann: Ochat =E2=80=94 Try Ochat for terminal-based LLM workflow=
s
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ochat-tr=
y-ochat-for-terminal-based-llm-workflows/17829/1

    

    

    

    Dakota Murphy announced
    

    

    
Hi all =E2=80=94 I=E2=80=99d like to share a project I=E2=80=99ve been buil=
ding: Ochat.

    



    

    

    What it is
    

    

    
Ochat is a toolkit for building LLM workflows as plain files. The co=
re format is ChatMarkdown (ChatMD): Markdown plus a small, closed XM=
L vocabulary.

    


    
A single ChatMD file is both:

    


      

    • the prompt/program (model config, tool allowlist, instructions, =
context), and
      • 

    • the auditable transcript (assistant replies + tool calls + tool =
outputs)
      • 

    


    
Because everything is plain text, workflows are reproducible and diffable i=
n git.

    

    

    

    

    Prompt packs: building larger workflows from small=
 agents
    

    

    
Ochat supports agent-as-tool: you can mount one ChatMD prompt as a c=
allable tool inside another. This lets you build prompt packs (plann=
er/coder/reviewer/docs/test triage/etc.) and orchestrate them from a top-le=
vel prompt, without writing a custom =E2=80=9Cagent app=E2=80=9D.

    

    

    

    

    chat_tui: a Notty-based terminal UI (runtime uses =
Eio)
    

    

    
Ochat ships an interactive terminal UI called chat_tui.

    


      

    • The UI is built with Notty
      • 

    • The underlying runtime uses Eio (structured concurrency + I/O)

    


    
A ChatMD file can be treated as a =E2=80=9Cterminal agent=E2=80=9D: you aut=
hor an agent prompt as a .md, open it in chat_tui, and run/iterate on it wh=
ile the transcript (including tool traces) is persisted.

    


    
Some chat_tui features:

    


      

    • streaming output (assistant text + tool calls + tool outputs)
      • 

    • persistent sessions you can resume/branch/export
      • 

    • manual context compaction (:compact) for long histories
      • 

    • syntax highlighting (including OCaml)
      • 

    • AI completions in the text input (to speed up drafting)
      • 

    • Vim-ish editing modes and message selection/yank/edit/resubmit workflow=
s
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Useful built-in tools (especially for code workflo=
ws)
    

    

    
Ochat includes built-in tools that cover most =E2=80=9Cagent + repo=E2=80=
=9D loops:

    


      

    • read_file / read_dir for safe repo navigation
      • 

    • apply_patch for atomic, repo-safe edits
      • 

    • webpage_to_markdown for high-signal ingestion (incl. GitHub blob fast-p=
ath)
      • 

    • indexing/retrieval tools for grounding over docs and code
      • 

    • optional vision inputs via import_image
      • 

    

    

    

    

    MCP tool import (optional)
    

    

    
Ochat can also mount external tools via MCP (stdio or HTTP). For example, i=
mporting Brave Search over stdio:

    


    

    <tool "stdio:npx -y brave-s=
earch-mcp" name=3D"brave_web_search" />

    

    

    

    

    

    Quick example: a =E2=80=9Ccustom terminal orchestr=
ator agent=E2=80=9D
    

    

    
This is a complete agent definition (and becomes the runnable =E2=80=9Capp=
=E2=80=9D when opened in chat_tui):

    



    

    <config model=3D"gpt-5.2" reasoning_effort=3D"medium" />

<!-- core built-ins -->
<=
tool name=3D"read_dir"/>
<=
tool name=3D"read_file"/>
<=
tool name=3D"apply_patch"/=
>
<=
tool name=3D"webpage_to_markdown"=
/>

<!-- optional: import an external to=
ol via MCP -->=
;
<=
tool mcp_server=3D"stdio:npx -y brave-search-mcp" name=3D"brave_web_s=
earch" />

<!-- prompt-pack tools (agents as to=
ols) -->
<=
tool name=3D"plan"   agent=
=3D"prompts/pack/plan.md" local/>
<=
tool name=3D"code"   agent=
=3D"prompts/pack/code.md" local/>
<=
tool name=3D"review" agent=
=3D"prompts/pack/review.md" local/>

<=
developer>
You are the orchestrator. Call plan first.
Keep edits small. Before apply_patch: explain the diff and wait for confirm=
ation.
</developer>

<=
user>
Add a Quickstart section to README.md.
</user>

    

    


    
Run it from the repo with:

    


    dune exec chat_tui -- -file prompts/refactor.md

    

    

    

    

    Status / caveats
    

    

      

    • Provider support today is OpenAI-only.
      • 

    • The project is moving quickly.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Feedback / contributors
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99d appreciate any feedback or contributions

    


    
If you try it and anything=E2=80=99s confusing or rough, please open an iss=
ue.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Serialport - new serial communication library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-serialport-ne=
w-serial-communication-library/17594/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Mikhail announced
    

    

    
Added (aka implemented) Win32 support, which has =
not been thoroughly tested, but may be useful for certain target use cases.

    

    

    

    

    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/18

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
It is with extraterrestrial excitement that I announce the next release of =
Slipshow:

    


    
Slipshow 0.9.0: Manim Black

    


    
The featured new feature of this release is the ability to easily integrate=
 Manim videos in your presenta=
tion.

    


    
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f67bb8fc-c288-4=
ff3-b6bc-e72c12e636a7

    


    
Note that, compared to just playing a video, you can schedule pauses, go fa=
ster to the next pause, and go back to the previous pauses, as showcased be=
low.

    

    

    

    Skipping steps and going backward demo
    

    

    
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c=
f1ad264-a5e2-42d2-9f57-09551f3a35e8

    


    
This release features many more changes, such as TikZ and MermaidJS integra=
tion! Here is the full changelog:

    

    

    

    

    Added
    

    

      

    • Support for Mermaid JS (#205)
      • 

    • Support for syntax highlighting of all highlightjs-supported languages =
and themes (#200<=
/a>, #208)

    • Support for MathJax extensions, especially the html extension to allow =
actions to target math elements (#202)
      • 

    • Add KaTeX as a possible alternate renderer (#202)
      • 

    • Added carousel-fixed-size to have carousel not change size=
 (#207)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Fix
    

    

      

    • Fix impossibility to reopen speaker view after closing it on Firefox (<=
a href=3D"https://github.com/panglesd/slipshow/pull/198">#198, issue #194)
      • 

    • Fix impossibility to open speaker view in serve mode (#198, issue #197)
      • 

    • Fix links opening inside iframe (#198)
      • 

    • Fix ending excursions with ijkl only when needed (#207)
      • 

    • Fixed video long-step handling (#207)
      • 

    • Removed confusing auto-generated IDs (#209)
      • 

    • Fix play-media behavior when facing errors (#210)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Docs
    

    

      

    • Add how to include TikZ figures in your Slipshow presentation (#206)
      • 

    • Add how to include Manim videos in your Slipshow presentation (#207)
      • 

    


    
Credit: @vds for the name of the release.

    


    
Thanks again to NLNet for su=
pporting the development of Slipshow!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Remote OCaml Distributed Systems Engineer (Linux / Storage / N=
etworking) =E2=80=93 whitesky.cloud =E2=80=93 EMEA/Asia
    

    

    
Archive: h=
ttps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/remote-ocaml-distributed-systems-engineer-linux-=
storage-networking-whitesky-cloud-emea-asia/17832/1

    

    

    

    Geert Audenaert announced
    

    

    
We are looking for an OCaml engineer to join whitesky.cloud to work =
on low-level distributed infrastructure components.

    


    
About the work

    


    
You will work on core building blocks of a sovereign cloud platform, includ=
ing distributed storage and coordination services.

    


    
Examples of related projects:

    




    
The work involves:

    


      

    • Distributed systems design and implementation
      • 

    • High-performance networking and I/O
      • 

    • Linux systems programming
      • 

    • Debugging and optimizing behavior under real production load
      • 

    • Long-running services where reliability and correctness matter
      • 

    


    
This is infrastructure work, not web development.

    


    
—

    


    
What we are looking for

    


      

    • Strong OCaml experience or strong systems programming background=
 with willingness to work in OCaml
      • 

    • Good understanding of:

        

      • Linux internals
        • 

      • Networking / TCP/IP
        • 

      • Concurrency and performance
        • 

      • 

    • Interest in distributed systems, storage, or consensus algorithms
      • 

    


    
We care more about systems thinking and engineering depth than about=
 specific frameworks.

    


    
—

    


    
Practical details

    


      

    • Full-time position
      • 

    • Fully remote
      • 

    • Location: EMEA or Asia
      • 

    • Salary: around =E2=82=AC3000/month (depending on experience and =
location)
      • 

    


    
We know this is not a big-tech salary. We are a small engineering-driven co=
mpany, and the role is aimed at engineers who enjoy working close to the sy=
stem, solving real infrastructure problems, and having a direct impact.

    


    
—

    


    
About whitesky

    


    
whitesky builds a complete cloud platform based on Linux and KVM, focused o=
n sovereignty and control.
The platform is used by MSPs, SaaS providers and enterprises to run their o=
wn cloud infrastructure.

    


    
You will be working on components that run in production environments and f=
orm part of a distributed cloud stack.

    


    
—

    


    
If this sounds interesting, please contact:

    


    
geert.audenaert@whitesky.cloud

    


    
or send a DM.

    


    
We are happy to answer questions or discuss whether this could be a good fi=
t.

    

    

    

    

    

    Grace 0.3.0 =F0=9F=92=85, fancy diagnostics library for compil=
ers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-grace=
-0-3-0-fancy-diagnostics-library-for-compilers/17833/1

    

    

    

    "Alistair O'Brien" announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m excited to announce the release of grace 0.3.0, an OCaml library for b=
uilding, reporting and rendering beautiful compiler diagnostics :camel: :pa=
intbrush:. Now available on opam-repository.

    


    
This release includes:

    


      

    • :window: Windows support: Grace now works on Windows, a long-awa=
ited feature since its 0.1.0 release! :rocket:
      • 

    • :keyboard: TTY auto-detection: Grace_ansi_renderer =
can now automatically configure itself based on whether the output channel =
is a TTY.  New functions: pr_diagnostic, epr_diagnostic<=
/code>, and output_diagnostic.
      • 

    • :elephant: Line elision: Grace_ansi_renderer now el=
ides unnecessary lines in diagnostics, producing more focused output.
      • 

    • :zero: Zero-width ranges: Grace_ansi_renderer can n=
ow handle zero-width ranges within lines, as well as at end-of-line (EOL) a=
nd end-of-file (EOF) positions.
      • 

    


    
Many thanks to @giltho for their contributions to this release! :flexed_bic=
eps:=20

    

    

    

    CHANGES
    

    

      

    • feat(renderer): add breaks in large diagnostics (#63)
      • 

    • feat(renderer): check for tty when rendering (#60)
      • 

    • fix(renderer): off-by-one in lines_of_labels (#65)
      • 

    • fix(renderer): create 0-sized segment on empty label range (#64)
      • 

    • fix(renderer): renderer multi-line labels when message is empty (#53)
      • 

    • fix(renderer): fix errors that occur with special zero-width segments (=
#41)
      • 

    • fix(renderer): use Format.pp_infinity in Message.to_=
string for OCaml >5.2 (#40)
      • 

    • refactor!: removes base/core dependency (#58)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    BREAKING CHANGE
    

    

      

    • Many base/core interfaces from Grace have been replaced wi=
th custom ones.
      • 

    • Source.reader has been removed. Use Source.Reader.t<=
/code> instead.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Js_of_ocaml / Wasm_of_ocaml 6.3
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-js-of-ocaml-wasm-of-ocaml-6=
-3/17834/1

    

    

    

    J=C3=A9r=C3=B4me Vouillon announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the joint release of js_of_ocaml and wasm_of_ocaml =
6.3.

    


    
Js_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to JavaScript. It makes it po=
ssible to run pure OCaml programs in JavaScript environment like browsers a=
nd Node.js.

    


    
Wasm_of_ocaml is a compiler from OCaml bytecode to WebAssembly. It is highl=
y compatible with Js_of_ocaml, so you can compile your programs with wasm_o=
f_ocaml instead of js_of_ocaml and experience overall better performance.

    


    
Most significant changes (since 6.1):

    


      

    • Number unboxing for wasm_of_ocaml: a type analysis pass now trac=
ks which values are floats, integers, or nativeints, enabling the compiler =
to unbox them and use native Wasm instructions directly. This also enables =
specialisation of number comparisons and bigarray operations, avoiding cost=
ly generic runtime calls.
      • 

    • Constant sinking for js_of_ocaml: a new optimisation pass moves =
constants closer to their use sites, reducing register pressure. Many const=
ants end up inlined, resulting in smaller code size.
      • 

    • JS parser improvements: support for import/export attributes, de=
corators, using declarations (resource management), and HTML c=
omments.
      • 

    • Many bug fixes across the compiler, runtime, library bindings, and PPX.=

      • 

    


    
See the Changelog for the full list of changes.

    

    

    

    

    

    kqueue-ml 0.5.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-kqueue-ml-0-5-0/17835/1

    

    

    

    Anurag Soni announced
    

    

    
Hi,

    


    
I'd like to announce a new release for kqueue-ml version 0.5.0

    


    
Kqueue-ml: Thin bindings to kqueue event notification system.=20

    


    
Changes since the last release:

    


      

    • Moved development to codeberg
      • 

    • Remove dependencies on ppx_optcomp and ppx_expect (Dependencies are limited to the ocaml standard library and dune)
      • 

    


    
Best,
Anurag

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.21.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-21-0/17700/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Shon announced
    

    

    
The Dune team announces the release of dune 3.21.1.

    


    
This is a small patch release consisting of a few bug fixes. See the full changelog =
for all the changes.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it in our issue
tracker.

    

    

    

    


    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of February 24 to March =
03, 2026.

    




    

    OCaml Platform Newsletter: November 2025 to January 2026
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-pla=
tform-newsletter-november-2025-to-january-2026/17845/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Welcome to the seventeenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

    


    
In this November 2025 to January 2026 edition, we are excited to bring you =
the latest on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting =
recent developments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're =
headed, especially regarding development workflows and user experience impr=
ovements, check out our roadmap.

    


    
You can subscribe to this newsletter on LinkedIn!

    


    
Highlights:

    


      

    • opam 2.5.0 Released: Major release featuring incremental opam fi=
le loading for up to 70% faster opam update, improved shell in=
tegration, and better macOS sandbox support
      • 

    • Relocatable OCaml Merged: The final piece of the relocatable OCa=
ml puzzle was merged in December, enabling opam to clone switches instead o=
f recompiling them. This will be available in the first alpha release of OC=
aml 5.5
      • 

    • Dune 3.21.0: Large release with dozens of fixes, improvements, a=
nd new features including OxCaml compiler support and copy-on-write file op=
erations
      • 

    • Enhanced Editor Support: OCaml-LSP 1.25.0 adds .mlx=
 file support with formatting, diagnostics, and code actions, plus new cust=
om requests
      • 

    • Merlin 5.6.1-504: Performance optimizations, smarter signature h=
elp, and fixed completion for inlined record labels
      • 

    • opam-publish 2.7.1: Fixes for GitHub API token permissions
      • 

    • dune-release 2.2.0: Full compatibility with cmdliner 2.0.0
      • 

    • opam-repository Archival: January 1, 2026 archival run removed 3=
,264 package versions to maintain repository sustainability
      • 

    


    
Backstage OCaml:

    




    
Stable Releases:

    




    
Unstable Releases:

    



    

    

    OCaml Compiler
    

    

    

      

    • Relocatable OCaml Merged
      

      

      
In December 2025, the final piece of the Relocatable OCaml puzzle was me=
rged, enabling opam to clone switches instead of recompiling them. This fea=
ture will be available in the first alpha release of OCaml 5.5.

      


      
What Relocatable OCaml Enables:

      


      
This feature allows the OCaml compiler and its associated tools to be moved=
 to different filesystem locations after installation without breaking func=
tionality. Key benefits include:

      


        

      • Binary distributions that work regardless of installation path
        • 

      • Improved flexibility for package managers organizing OCaml installation=
s
        • 

      • Bundling of specific OCaml versions by developer tools without path con=
flicts
        • 

      • Simplified cross-platform distribution
        • 

      


      
The implementation is the culmination of work by David Allsopp, with review=
 from Samuel Hym, Jonah Beckford, and others. See the announcement on Discuss and =
the merged PRs (<=
a href=3D"https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/pull/14244">#14244, #14245, #14246, #14247) for technical details.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Build System
    

    

    
    

    

    

    Package Management
    

    

    
    

    

    

    Editor Tools
    

    

    
Roadmap: Edit / (W19) Navigate Code

    

    

      

    • OCaml-LSP Server
      

      

      
OCaml-L=
SP 1.25.0 (December 20, 2025) introduces support for .mlx =
files and new custom requests.

      


      
Features:

      


        

      • .mlx Support: Added support for .mlx f=
iles, including diagnostics, code actions, hover, and formatting via =
ocamlformat-mlx
        • 

      • New Custom Requests: Added typeExpression, lo=
cate, and phrase requests to the server
        • 

      • Code-Lens Configuration: Code-lens for nested let b=
indings is now configurable
        • 

      


      
Fixes:

      


        

      • The server now falls back to .merlin configuration if a dune-project file is missing, provided dot-merlin-reader is installed
        • 

      • Improved precision of timestamps for collected metrics
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Merlin
      

      

      
Merlin=
 5.6.1-504 (December 20, 2025) brings performance optimizations and imp=
roved stability.

      


      
Key Improvements:

      


        

      • Smarter Signature Help: Now triggers correctly on unfinished let ... in bindings and no longer appears redundantly on function=
 names
        • 

      • More Reliable Completion: Fixed issues with completion for inlin=
ed record labels
        • 

      • Improved Performance: Optimized buffer indexing and path calcula=
tions
        • 

      • Bug Fixes: Resolved a bug where the document comman=
d concatenated labels and variants incorrectly
        • 

      


      
OCaml LSP Server maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Taride=
s), Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane=
 Street)

      


      
Merlin maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier=
 Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Muluh Godson (@PizieDust, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    • OCaml-eglot
      

      

      
We have drastically modified the xref backend (allowing naviga=
tion from definition to definition) to make it more suitable for OCaml.

      


      
In addition, we added the ability to annotate the type of an enclosing acti=
ve_ (used with the ocaml-eglot-type-enclosing command) or simp=
ly to type the selection.

      


      
These updates have been merged into main, making them availabl=
e via a MELPA update.

      


      
ocaml-eglot maintained by: Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides)

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Platform Infrastructure
    

    

    

      

    • OCaml Infrastructure: How the opam-repository =
Works
      

      

      
The November 5, 2025 article on the opam-repository provides an i=
n-depth look at this critical piece of OCaml infrastructure. The opam repos=
itory serves as the central package registry for the OCaml ecosystem, hosti=
ng over 4,500 packages. It relies on dedicated volunteer maintainers who re=
view every submission.

      


      
—

      


      
As always, we encourage feedback and contributions from the community as we=
 continue to improve the OCaml Platform ecosystem.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Announcing the first release of Alice, a radical OCaml build s=
ystem
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/announcing-the-first-release-of-alice-a-radical-ocaml-build-system/17472=
/45

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Announcing the release of Alice v0.5.0 which introduces parallel builds.

    

    

    

    

    

    mnet, a new TCP/IP stack for unikernels in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-mnet-a-ne=
w-tcp-ip-stack-for-unikernels-in-ocaml/17851/1

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to announce a series of releases for developing unikernels wit=
h OCaml 5 and Miou. Afte=
r extensive testing, we are now able to offer a new TCP/IPv4 and IPv6 stack=
 in OCaml that aims to replace mirage-tcpip and pave the way for direct-style unikernel develop=
ment. Below is an overview of the libraries we have built to make this poss=
ible.

    

    

    

    mkernel
    

    

    
mkernel is a small library that provides the essentials for de=
veloping a unikernel targeting S=
olo5 or Unikraft. Its purpose is =
to expose hypercalls (the unikernel equivalent of syscalls) so that your ap=
plication can interact with network and block devices.

    


    
We recommend reading the mkernel documentation to u=
nderstand the key concepts behind unikernels (hypercalls, devices, tenders,=
 etc.). The slides we presented at the last MirageOS retreat are also helpful for understanding o=
ur new workflow. Compiling a unikernel now only requires dune =
and vendored libraries. We have therefore chosen not to resolve dependencie=
s automatically (as op=
am-monorepo did) or to impose them (as the mirage tool doe=
s), giving developers full freedom to build their unikernels as they see fi=
t. In particular, this makes it straightforward to use ppx rewriters, which=
 was difficult or impossible with the mirage tool.

    

    

      

    • A new workflow and targets
      

      

      
This release is experimental: Xen is not yet supported, and Unikraft suppor=
t is partial. However, both platforms are on our roadmap, so if you are int=
erested in them, please let us know! We are also developing tooling to stre=
amline the workflow, with the guiding principle that these tools should nev=
er dictate which dependencies your unikernel uses or which build system you=
 choose.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    mnet
    

    

    
mnet is the centerpiece of this release. It is designed to rep=
lace (and improve upon) =
mirage-tcpip by offering a direct-style API built on effects. The API d=
eliberately mirrors the Unix socket interface: connect, listen, accept, read, w=
rite, and close all behave the way you would expect.

    


    
Here is a small example of an echo server:

    

    

    let run (ipv4, gateway=
, ipv6) =3D
  Mkernel.(run [ =
rng; Mnet.stack <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf; font-weight: bold;">~name:"service" ?gateway ~ipv6 ipv4 ])
  @@ fun rng (=
daemon, tcp, udp) ->
  let@ () =3D fun () -> Mnet.kill daemon in
  let@ () =3D fun () -> Mirage_crypto_rng_mkernel.kill rng in
  let listen =3D Mnet.TCP.listen tcp 9000 in
  let flow =3D Mnet.TCP.accept tcp listen in
  let buf =3D Bytes.create 4096 in
  let rec echo () =3D
    let len =3D Mnet.TCP.read flow buf in
    if len > 0=
 then begin
      Mnet.TCP.wr=
ite flow (Bytes.s=
ub_string buf 0 len);
      echo ()
    end
  in
  let@ () =3D fun () -> Mnet.TCP.close flow in
  echo ()

    

    


    
TLS support (via ocaml-tls=
) is already available, allowing you to establish secure connections wi=
th your unikernel. DNS resolution (via ocaml-dns) and the Happy Eyeballs algorithm are also included, so that a =
unikernel can resolve hostnames and connect to remote services over both IP=
v4 and IPv6.

    


    
A short tutorial walks y=
ou through creating an echo server as a unikernel, similar to what we already offer for Mi=
ou. For the curious, an article about IPv4 and Miou is available here.

    


    
Beyond the move to effects for all scheduling, I would like to give special=
 thanks to:

    

      

    • Edwin T=C3=B6r=C3=B6k for proposing fixes to prevent denial-of-service =
attacks, which
have been integrated into mnet (in particular for ARP).
      • 

    • Nicolas Ojeda B=C3=A4r for contributing an IPv6 implementation that we =
adopted and
improved (caches, packet fragmentation and reassembly, etc.)
      • 

    • Reynir for patiently debugging PCAP traces
      • 

    • Hannes for sharing his deep knowledge of the TCP protocol and its
interactions with IPv4 and IPv6
      • 

    


    
As well as others who participated in the development of mnet =
in one way or another.

    

    

      

    • Developing and deploying unikernels
      

      

      
This library also marks a turning point in our approach to unikernels. We n=
o longer treat a regular OCaml application as something that can be transpa=
rently turned into a unikernel. Developing a unikernel now means developing=
 a unikernel from the start. In our experience, trying to retrofit an exist=
ing application into a unikernel was neither practical nor worthwhile.

      


      
Our tutorial therefore covers both the development and deployment of uniker=
nels. On the deployment side, we also recommend exploring Albatross.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    utcp
    

    

    
utcp is a p=
ure OCaml implementation of the TCP protocol, used internally by mnet=
 to handle TCP connections. The implementation is based on a state m=
achine and performs no I/O itself, making it easy to test and reason about.

    


    
utcp covers the full TCP lifecycle: the three-way handshake, r=
eliable in-order data delivery with retransmissions, flow control, congesti=
on control, and connection teardown. It has been tested extensively through=
 our end-to-end unikernel tests (a simple echo server and client, and a <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/robur-coop/mnet/tree/main/unikernels/resolver"=
>DNS resolver).

    

    

      

    • Unikernels and proofs
      

      

      
utcp also reflects our ambition to incorporate, as time permit=
s, proof-based implementations. Other examples include:

      

        

      • miou with its priority queue (see the VOCAL project)
        • 

      • mirage-crypto with certain cryptographic primitives (see the fiat project)
        • 

      • and now utcp (see n=
etsem)
        • 

      


      
This effort is still in its early stages, but we welcome improvements and c=
ollaborations in this area.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    mhttp
    

    

    
To reach a wider audience, we also provide an HTTP protocol implementation =
for unikernels, building on the work we started (and currently use in produ=
ction) with httpcats.

    


    
mhttp is essentially a unikernel-oriented counterpart to httpcats, using =
ocaml-h1 and ocaml-h=
2 as its HTTP/1.1 and H2 backends.

    

    

      

    • Ecosystem and composability
      

      

      
Although mhttp is a small project, it illustrates a broader pr=
inciple behind our cooperative's approach to library development. As we hav=
e stated before, everything we build is designed to be reus=
able with schedulers other than Miou and in contexts other than unikernels.=
 Regardless of which scheduler one prefers, we believe in a pragmatic, coop=
erative approach to contributing to the community.

      


      
Our primary focus remains unikernel development, but years of experience bu=
ilding protocol and format libraries have taught us that keeping them sched=
uler-agnostic is in everyone's best interest, for maintainability, testabil=
ity, and reliability alike. Wherever possible, you will find a general-purp=
ose library alongside its unikernel counterpart: httpcats and =
mhttp are one such pair.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Vifu
    

    

    
As previously announced, we have developed a w=
eb framework for OCaml 5 called vif, which we use in production for our builds.robur.coop website (we recommend the tutorial presented at FUN OCaml 2025).

    


    
vif now has a unikernel variant: vifu. It offers =
nearly the same interface as vif (except for static file manag=
ement), making it possible to build websites entirely in OCaml. Here is a s=
mall unikernel that displays "Hello World!":

    


    

    let hello_world req _s=
erver () =3D
  let open Vifu.Response.Syntax in
  let* () =3D Vifu.Response.with_t=
ext req "Hello World!\n" in
  Vifu.Response.r=
espond `OK

let run (ipv4, gateway, ipv6) =3D
  Mkernel.(run [ =
rng; Mnet.stack <=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf; font-weight: bold;">~name:"service" ?gateway ~ipv6 ipv4 ])
  @@ fun rng (=
daemon, tcp, udp) ->
  let@ () =3D fun () -> Mnet.kill daemon in
  let@ () =3D fun () -> Mirage_crypto_rng_mkernel.kill rng in
  let cfg =3D Vifu.Config.v 80 in
  let routes =3D Vifu.[ get (rel /?? any) --> hello_world ] in
  Vifu.run ~cfg t=
cp routes ()

    

    


    
disclaimer: If you would like to use vifu, please note =
that although a recent release has been made, one final fix is still needed=
 to compile a unikernel with this library (to avoid pulling in the un=
ix module). We recommend pinning vifu for now.

    

    

    

    

    Unikernels
    

    

    
Behind all these libraries, there are concrete projects that we would like =
to share with you:

    


    

    

    

    Conclusion
    

    

    
After several years of work, we are now able to develop unikernels with OCa=
ml 5 in earnest. We hope that our new workflow will be of interest to the c=
ommunity and that these libraries will be a useful contribution to the OCam=
l ecosystem.

    


    
If you would like to try it out, we recommend starting with the mnet tutorial and the mkerne=
l documentation. Feel free to open issues or reach out to us if you hav=
e any questions!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Experiment: format-line
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-experiment-format-line/17854/1

    

    

    

    Emile Trotignon announced
    

    

    
I made this little experiment a while back: https://github.com/ahrefs/format-line

    


    
The idea is to provide a complement to ocp-indent to decide which token sho=
uld be separated by whitespace and which should not. For now it is based on=
ly on lexing information, which make the code simple but also does not alwa=
ys provide enough information to have a nice formatting.

    


    
An idea of the output can be read here: https://github.com/ahrefs/format-line=
/blob/master/test/run.t

    


    
The project itself is formatted with ocamlformat, and in the there is a dif=
f of what this changes compared to ocamlformat, on the main source file.

    


    
I think this approach could be improved by having a hybrid ast-token stream=
 datastructure. Something where you work on a stream of token but you can q=
uery the AST context of a given token.

    


    
What do you think ?

    

    

    

    

    

    Caml in the Capital - Registrations Open!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caml-in-the-capita=
l-registrations-open/17776/6

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Sacha Ayoun announced
    

    

    
And here is the l=
ink to the recording!

    


    
We'd like to thank our speakers Jeremy and Nick again, as well as the ~30 a=
ttendees to the meetup! It was great having you, and we hope to see you aga=
in next time :)

    

    

    

    

    

    Experimental tools for migrating from Lwt to Eio
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-experime=
ntal-tools-for-migrating-from-lwt-to-eio/17855/1

    

    

    

    Jules announced
    

    

    
We developed tools to help us migrate Ocsigen libraries and applications to=
 direct-style concurrency and we are happy to share them.

    


    
There are 4 independent tools for different purposes:

    


      

    • Replacing every uses of lwt_ppx with Lwt func=
tion calls (e.g. replacing let%lwt ... in with let* ... =
in).
This is purely syntactic and allows you to easily remove a PPX. It handles =
inserting open Lwt.Syntax at the top of the file.
      • 


    • Warning about occurrences of let _ =3D ... and ignor=
e ..., which make the next tools less reliable.
These are called =E2=80=9Cimplicit fork=E2=80=9D because code run concurren=
tly if the ignored value is an Lwt thread. This requires an explicit call t=
o Fiber.fork with Eio.
      • 


    • Migrating uses of Lwt_log to Logs.
It was used on ocsigenserver for example.
At this point we generate code working as before and did not introduce a de=
pendency on Eio.
      • 


    • 
Migrating uses of Lwt to Eio. It rewrites code wr=
itten in monadic style into direct-style, for example this code:

      


      

      let _ =3D
  let* x =3D f 1 in
  let+ y =3D f 2 in
  Lwt.bind (f 3) =
(fun z ->
    Lwt.return (x=
 + y + z))

      

      


      
is rewritten to:

      


      

      let _ =3D
  let x =3D f 1 in
  let y =3D f 2 in
  let z =3D f 3 in
  x + y + z

      

      


      
It also rewrite Lwt function calls to their equivalent in Eio and handles many IO operations.

      


      
Unfortunately, this tool doesn=E2=80=99t generate fully equivalent code and=
 requires manual modifications. Comments are inserted in many places where =
intervention is needed.

      


      
An example of generated incorrect code is:

      


      

      let _ =3D
  let a =3D operation_1 () in
  let* b =3D operation_2 () in
  let* a =3D a in
  Lwt.return (a +=
 b)

      

      


      
which is rewritten into:

      


      

      let _ =3D
  let a =3D operation_1 () in
  let b =3D operation_2 () in
  let a =3D a in
  a + b

      

      


      
This is incorrect because operation_1 and operation_2 are now sequential but were concurrent before. This is a case of an im=
plicit fork that cannot easily be detected. The correct transformation woul=
d be:

      


      

      let _ =3D
  let a, b =3D=
 Eio.Fiber.pair o=
peration_1 operation_2 i=
n
  a + b

      

      


      
We could achieve the migration on eliom and ocsigenserver

      • 

    


    
All the tools use OCamlformat under the hood to generate the code. This has=
 the inconvenient of enforcing the use of OCamlformat before using them as =
they will reformat the entire codebase.

    


    
The last two tools use Merlin under the hood to locate uses of Lwt functions in the source files. This works by reading Merlin=E2=80=99s =
ocaml-index files built by Dune to extract the location in the source files=
 that we need.

    


    
Currently, it only supports Eio as a backend but can easily be adapted to other direct-style concurrency librar=
ies.

    


    
This work was made possible thanks to the support of the NGI Zero Core fund through the Nlnet foundation, and is perfomed by Tarides.

    

    

    

    

    

    First alpha release of OCaml 5.5.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-alpha-release-of-ocaml-5=
-5-0/17856/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
Four months after the release of OCaml 5.4.0, the set of new features for t=
he future version 5.5.0 of OCaml has been frozen. We are thus happy to anno=
unce the first alpha release for OCaml 5.5.0.

    


    
This alpha version is here to help fellow hackers join us early in our bug =
hunting and opam ecosystem fixing fun (see below for the installation instr=
uctions). More information about the release process is available at https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml/blob/trunk/release-info/introduction.md.

    


    
The progress on stabilising the ecosystem is tracked on the opam readiness for 5.5.0=
 meta-issue .

    


    
There is also a companion alpha opam repository available for this alpha re=
lease

    

    $ opam repo add alpha git+https://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-reposit=
ory.git

    

    
which contains in-progress alpha releases of opam packages that are being u=
pdated for
OCaml 5.5.0 .

    


    
The full release is expected between May and June. There are more informati=
on available in the prospective release calendar.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on the OCaml's issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested in the ongoing list of new features and bug fixes, the
updated change =
log for OCaml 5.5.0 is available on GitHub.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    
opam update
opam switch create 5.5.0~alpha1

    


    
The source code for the alpha is also available at these addresses:

    



    

    

    

    Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
    

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    


    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.5.0~alpha1+options =
<option_list>

    


    
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

    

    opam switch create 5.5.0~alpha1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.5.0~alpha1+op=
tions ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    


    
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    NotInriaCaml_Std.Wenv@0.1.0 - create Windows envs on macOS [dk=
0]
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/=
ann-notinriacaml-std-wenv-0-1-0-create-windows-envs-on-macos-dk0/17858/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
It is my pleasure to announce the following package for the dk0 build system that creates a Windows environment ("wenv") using a custom Wine build for=
 macOS:

    




    
Here is a sample session:

    


    # Simplest way to install dk0 today. Use ~git pull~ if exists already.=20
$ git clone --branch V2_5 https://github.com/diskuv/dk.git dksrc

# Clear out data, cache and intermediate files from any prior
# experiments (from the "--trial" option seen in [ANN] posts)
$ rm -rf t/

# With the default Lua rules ("-I dksrc/etc/dk/v"), run the
# OCaml Windows environment creation rule ("run
# NotInriaCaml_Std.Wenv.Create@0.1.0"). Tell the rule to create the
# wenv at target/my-wenv/ ("dir=3D...") and make a mount
# ("mount[]=3D...") inside the wenv where the Unix directory $PWD is
# mapped to Windows M:\project. Depending on Internet, expect 3-4
# minutes for a single-threaded download of artifacts (581MB).
$ dksrc/dk0 --trial -I dksrc/etc/dk/v \
    run NotInriaCaml_Std.Wenv.Create@0.1.0 \
    dir=3D$PWD/target/my-wenv \
    "mount[]=3Dtype=3Dbind,src=3D$PWD,dst=3DM:/project"

    


    # Then enter the wenv by running Command Prompt ("cmd.exe"). Turn
# off Wine debug messages ("WINEDEBUG=3D-all"). Remember that
# Ctrl-Z is the Windows equivalent of Ctrl-D (EOF) in Unix.
$ WINEDEBUG=3D-all target/my-wenv/bin/enter cmd.exe

Microsoft Windows 10.0.19045
Z:\> ocamlopt -config
Z:\> gcc --version
Z:\> dir M:
02/27/2026 10:24 AM <DIR> project
Z:\> ocaml
OCaml version 5.4.1

Enter #help;; for help.

# 1+1 ;;
- : int =3D 2

# ^Z

Z:\> echo let () =3D print_endline "abcxyz" > letters.ml
Z:\> ocamlopt -o letters.exe letters.ml
Z:\> .\letters.exe
abcxyz
Z:\> exit

    


    
Details:

    


      

    • MinGW with UCRT Windows API and LLVM toolchain (llvm-mingw) for Wine on=
 the host (macOS). X11 has been disabled.
      • 

    • MinGW with MSVCRT Windows API and GNU compiler and BusyBox binaries (w6=
4devkit) inside Windows guest.
      • 

    • Wine has good support for programs that use Windows conventions (MSVC, =
Windows API rather than syscall, etc). But there are important=
 programs that won't work correctly today: MSYS2/Cygwin, Rust uutils.
      • 

    


    
Enjoy! –jonah

    

    

    

    

    

    Running Real Docker Containers in OCaml Tests
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-running-rea=
l-docker-containers-in-ocaml-tests/17859/1

    

    

    

    Sachin announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
I=E2=80=99ve been working on a project called testcontainers-ocaml, which bri=
ngs Testcontainers style integration testing to OCaml.

    


    
The idea is simple:

    


    

    
Instead of mocking infrastructure (Postgres, Redis, Kafka, etc.), start rea=
l Docker containers inside your test suite and tear them down automatically.

    

    


    
—

    

    

    

    Why?
    

    

    
In many OCaml projects, integration tests either:

    


      

    • Rely on mocks
      • 


    • Depend on globally running services
      • 


    • Or are skipped entirely in CI
      • 

    


    
Mocks are useful, but they don=E2=80=99t catch issues like:

    


      

    • Schema mismatches
      • 


    • Connection pool behavior
      • 


    • Real networking failures
      • 


    • Startup timing problems
      • 


    • Migration issues
      • 

    


    
Spinning up disposable containers per test gives us:

    


      

    • Isolated test environments
      • 


    • No shared global state
      • 


    • CI reproducibility
      • 


    • Real infrastructure behavior
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Current Status
    

    

    
The project is currently incubating under the Docker organization.

    


    
I=E2=80=99m still actively shaping the API and would really appreciate feed=
back from the OCaml community on:

    


      

    • API ergonomics
      • 


    • Prebuilt modules (Postgres, Redis, etc.)
      • 


    • Testing best practices in OCaml
      • 

    


    
If anyone here has experience with integration testing patterns in OCaml, I=
=E2=80=99d love to hear thoughts.

    


    
Thanks!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    I wrote a DSL for AI personalities in OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/i-wrote-a-dsl-for-ai-=
personalities-in-ocaml/17860/1

    

    

    

    Griffin announced
    

    

    
Hi guys,

    


    
https://github.com/G=
riffinCanCode/Callosum

    


    
https://pypi.org/project=
/callosum-dsl/

    


    
I wanted a more deterministic way to create personalities for my AI agents =
that was consistent in production. The interesting catch being that the com=
piler had to output a prompt, and it needed to be accessible for agents in =
Python. The solution was this DSL, a format for writing deterministic categ=
ories (similar to YAML) that compile to a prompt injectable into Langchain =
agents. OCaml was the natural choice due to its performance and proven capa=
bilities to host compilers (Rust obv). Looking for beta testers and any fee=
dback is welcome!

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy May 2026
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-may-2026/17863/1

    

    

    

    Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone,

    


    
The OCaml community has signed up to Outreachy May 2026 (see past posts)!

    


    

    
What is Outreachy?

    


    
Outreachy is a paid, remote internship program. Outreachy promotes diversit=
y in open source and open science. Our internships are for people who face =
under-representation, and discrimination or systemic bias in the technology=
 industry of their country.

    

    


    
The current round is still ongoing with interns making great progress with =
@tmattio on Raven, with @xvw on YOCaml and with m=
yself on ocaml-tiff.

    

    

    

    Important Dates
    

    

    
For this next round, the important dates are as follows (these are always s=
ubject to some change):

    


      

    • Mar 1 - Community sign up deadline :white_check_mark:
      • 

    • Mar 14 - M=
entor Signup
      • 

    • Mar 17 to Apr 15 - Contribution period
      • 

    • May 18 to Aug 17 - Internship period
      • 

    


    
Our next deadline is for mentors to sign up to the OCaml community w=
ith a project idea. Please do consider being an Outreachy mentor. If you ha=
ve any questions or ideas you can always reach out to me directly. If you n=
eed a refresher of past projects, there=E2=80=99s a dedicated page on the O=
Caml website: OCaml Outreachy Inter=
nships. Feel free to discuss ideas on this thread too!=20

    


    
The OCaml community is currently able to financially support Outreachy inte=
rnships thanks to the generous support of T=
arides and Janestreet. This =
includes being able to fund mentors as well.

    


    
Thanks! :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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To: "lwn" , caml-list@inria.fr
Date: Tue, 10 Mar 2026 14:30:12 +0100
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 03 to 10, 2026.

    



    

    Eliom 12: Client-server applications in Web Assembly
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/eliom-12-clie=
nt-server-applications-in-web-assembly/17871/1

    

    

    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the Ocsigen team, I am pleased to announce the release of Elio=
m 12. Following our recent release of wasm_of_ocaml, this version's main fe=
ature is full support for Web Assembly. Eliom applications are now served b=
y default as Web Assembly programs (with a JavaScript fallback). The defaul=
t build system has been adapted accordingly. The Ocsigen Start template has=
 also been updated.

    


    
The new version are available in opam.

    


    
If you want to give it a try, please read the main documentation page first.

    


    
You can see a running example app here.

    

    

    

    

    

    melange-str: Str module for Melange
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-melange-str-str-module=
-for-melange/17877/1

    

    

    

    David Sancho announced
    

    

    
melange-str is an im=
plementation of OCaml's Str module for Melange, using JavaScri=
pt's RegExp as the backend.

    


    
OCaml's Str library provides regular expression matching, sear=
ching, replacement, and splitting. It's part of the standard distribution a=
nd widely used. However, Str is implemented in C, which means =
it's unavailable when compiling OCaml to JavaScript via Melange.

    


    
The module is exposed as Str (not Melange_str.Str=
), so existing code that opens or references Str works without=
 changes.

    


    
Repository: https=
://github.com/davesnx/melange-str

    


    
Feedback, bug reports, and contributions are welcome. If you encounter any =
behavioral differences between native Str and melange-st=
r, please open an issue or let me know!

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy May 2026
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-may-2026/17863/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
The deadline for mentor signup has been extended to March 16th!

    

    

    

    

    

    Research engineer or postdoc position at Inria Rennes: static =
analysis of OCaml programs
    

    

    
Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/research-engineer-or-postdoc-position-at-inria-renne=
s-static-analysis-of-ocaml-programs/17879/1

    

    

    

    Beno=C3=AEt Montagu announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml folks,

    


    
as part of a project between Inria an=
d Lexifi, we are offering a 2-year =
research engineer or postdoc position, to work on the Salto static analyser for OCaml programs.
The position can start anytime from spring 2026, and is located in the =C3=89picure Inria research team=
, in the vibrant city of Rennes, France.
If you have successfully defended a Ph.D. in computer science, and you are =
acquainted with the topic of static analysis, please contact me!

    


    
Experience with programming in OCaml or in another functional language is s=
trongly recommended.

    


    
If you want to know more about this position, please have look at the detailed j=
ob description, and contact me!

    


    
Please feel free to transfer this announce to people that you think could b=
e interested.

    

    

    

    

    

    RFC: multifile ATD definition support via import statements

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rfc-mu=
ltifile-atd-definition-support-via-import-statements/17881/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
We're adding support for splitting ATD type definitions into smaller files. It wasn't possible to  conve=
niently reference types defined from other ATD files until now, resulting i=
n large interface files (example).

    


    
I would like a pair of eyes to help me check the sanity of the spec which i=
s copy-pasted below from the pull request before this goes live in atd 4.0.0.

    

    

    

    Import declarations
    

    

    
An ATD file may import other ATD modules using import declarat=
ions.
Import declarations must appear after any top-level annotations and before
any type definitions.

    


    
Syntax:

    

    

    
import module.path <annotations> as alias <annotations>

    

    


    
The as clause is optional. Without it, the local name of the i=
mported
module is the last component of the dotted path (e.g. import foo.bar<=
/code>
binds the local name bar).

    


    
Type names from an imported module are referenced using dot notation:
alias.typename (or lastcomponent.typename when no=
 alias is given).
For example, if a module types is imported, the type dat=
e from
that module is written types.date in type expressions.

    


    
Annotations on the path or alias allow language-specific backends to
override the module name used in generated code. The annotation
<ocaml name=3D"..."> (or the equivalent for another targ=
et language)
on the path controls how the module is referenced in generated output,
while the same annotation on the as clause controls the local =
alias
name used in the generated code.

    


    
Examples:

    


    

    (* S=
imple import: local name is "common" *)
import mylib.common

(* Import with an alias *)
import mylib.common as c

(* Using an imported type in a defini=
tion *)
type event =3D {
  id : string;
  timestamp : common.date;
}

    

    


    

    (* L=
anguage-specific name annotation on the path *)
import mylib.common <ocaml name=3D"Mylib=
_common">

(* Language-specific name annotation =
on the alias *)<=
/span>
import mylib.common as c <ocaml name=3D"Common">

    

    


    
Warning:

    

    

    
Dotted module paths (e.g. import foo.bar.baz) are an experimen=
tal
feature. Each code generator maps them to file paths in its own way and
there is currently no guarantee of consistent behavior across backends.
When possible, prefer single-component module names (e.g. import baz<=
/code>
or import foo as bar). Support for dotted module paths may be =
removed
in a future release.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 10 to 17, 2026.

    



    

    Public securiy meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/public-securiy-meeting/17882/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
as a reminder =E2=80=93 next week Thursday (March 19th) 14:00 CEST, there w=
ill be a public OCaml security meeting hosted by the https://ocaml.org/security team. We will meet at  https://meet.bo=
rnhack.dk/OCamlSecurityPublicMeeting

    


    
Our agenda and notes will be at https://pad.data.coop/Ie5voBePSiKvjZdEko6otQ#

    


    
If you're curious, the notes from our last meeting are at https://pad.data.coop/7-Ic5rG6Toyns=
W02hJsndg

    


    
Hope to see you there!

    

    

    

    

    

    Google OR-Tools: CP-SAT Subset
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/google-or-tools-cp-sat-subset/17885=
/1

    

    

    

    Timothy Bourke announced
    

    

    
The Google OR-Tools<=
/a> are a suite of tools for solving optimization problems. They include, i=
n particular, CP-SAT, which is a powerful constraint solver and optimizer for integer linear =
programming and boolean satisfiability problems.

    


    
The ocaml-ortools pa=
ckage provides an OCaml interface to a subset of CP-SAT constraints. It com=
prises two parts `ortools`, which allows modelling constraint problems in O=
Caml and translating them to a protocol buffer format (thanks to ocaml-protc), and `ortools_so=
lvers`, which allows an embedded version of CP-SAT to be called directly fr=
om OCaml. Both parts can be installed using opam or built with dune. The la=
tter includes the source of OR-Tools 9.15 which is built together with most=
 of its libraries and installed as part of the opam package.

    


    
Some simple examples can be found in the online documentation and source code=
. They can be built using the following commands.

    


    opam install ortools ortools_solvers
ocamlfind ocamlopt -o prog -package ortools -package ortools_solvers -linkp=
kg prog.ml

    


    
I would be happy to accept pull requests for the missing CP-SAT constraints=
 (I think it best to develop the interface together with real applications,=
 and I only need the ILP and boolean parts at the moment), to translate mor=
e of the standard example programs (an easy way to contribute), and to incl=
ude other solvers from the suite (likely to involve solving tedious compila=
tion and compatibility problems across multiple platforms).

    


    
Thanks to @nojb, @Rucikir , and others for their help<=
/a> with dun=
e, and @xvw  and @panglesd for their help with odoc. Thanks to @jmid , @mseri , and @avsm for=
 discussing and merging my opam-repository pull requests.

    

    

    

    

    

    Neocaml-mode (A modern Emacs major mode for OCaml) is looking =
for testers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocam=
l.org/t/neocaml-mode-a-modern-emacs-major-mode-for-ocaml-is-looking-for-tes=
ters/17807/23

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Bozhidar Batsov announced
    

    

    
FYI - ht=
tps://github.com/bbatsov/neocaml/releases/tag/v0.4.0

    


    
You'll need to update your Tree-sitter grammars due to some upstream (break=
ing) changes in the TS OCaml grammar.

    

    

    

    

    

    oui: multi-platform binary installers
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-oui-multi-platform-b=
inary-installers/17886/1

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
We are happy to announce the first release of oui!

    


    
oui is a tool that generates multi-platform binary installers =
for your OCaml applications. It can generate installers for Windows, Linux =
and MacOS.
We hope it will help all of you out there developping applications for non =
OCaml developers, allowing your users to install your programs without havi=
ng to install OCaml and/or opam, thus greatly simplifying their user experi=
ence.

    


    
You can install oui with the following command:

    

    opam install oui

    


    
We made it as generic as possible to ensure it works for everyone. You invo=
ke it as follows:

    

    oui build oui.json install-bundle

    


    
where install-bundle is a folder containing your precompiled b=
inaries and any files you want to install alongside them, arranged in any w=
ay you'd like.
The oui.json file is a configuration file that contains metada=
ta and information on the installation bundle's layout such as where to fin=
d binaries to add to the PATH or where to find manpages.

    


    
oui can also create installers for plugins, assuming the main =
application was either installed by a oui generated installer,=
 or was installed following some basic rules.

    


    
The project is hosted on github: https://github.com/OCamlPro/ocaml-universal-install=
er
The full documentation is available here. In particula=
r, you can find guidelines on how to use it to create installers for your d=
une built project here.

    


    
Please go ahead and give it a try, we'd love to hear your feedback.

    


    
We welcome external contributors so if you'd like to take part in the proje=
ct, please read our CONTRIBUTING.md and jump in!

    


    
The project is still in a relatively early stage and there are some key fea=
tures we'd like to add, such as streamlining the user experience for dune p=
rojects (removing the necessity to maintain a separate configuration file f=
or the most common use cases) or support for cross-compilation/cross-platfo=
rm installer generation. If those features sound interesting to you and you=
 would like to fund their development, please reach out to contact@ocamlpro=
.com .

    


    
Finally, we'd like to thank our partner CEA-list who funded the initial dev=
elopment of oui from opam-wix and made it all pos=
sible!

    


    
Happy installing!

    

    

    

    

    

    Nixtamal: Fulfilling Input Pinning for Nix
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-nixtamal-fulfil=
ling-input-pinning-for-nix/17887/1

    

    

    

    toastal announced
    

    

    
Nixtamal is my first serious OCam=
l project release, now at verison 1.1.4. It was created as a reaction to th=
e lack of features I wanted from its =E2=80=9Ccompetitors=E2=80=9D ni=
v & npins while additionally covering features Nix =
flakes never could support given it=E2=80=99s rigid design philosophy which=
 has more drawbacks than folks initially realize. I have been using it on a=
ll projects for a couple months now & had at least a couple folks I did=
n=E2=80=99t know prior try it out providing feedback & bug reports.

    


    
Key features:

    


      

    • Automate the manual work of input pinning for dependency management
      • 

    • Allow easy ways to lock & refresh those inputs
      • 

    • Declarative KDL manifest file over impe=
rative <abbr title=3D"command line interface">CLI</abbr> flags<=
/li>

    • Host, forge, <abbr title=3D"version control system">VCS</abbr&=
gt;-agnostic
      • 

    • Choose <abbr title=3D"evaluation">eval</abbr> time fetchers=
 (builtins) or build time fetchers (Nixpkgs, default) =E2=80=94 which opens=
 up fetching now-supported Darcs, Pijul, & =
Fossil
      • 

    • Supports mirrors (on kinds that support mirrors)
      • 

    • Override hash algorithm on a per-project & per-input basis =E2=80=
=94 including BLAKE3 support (which does r=
equire enabling `blake3-hashes` to opt in)
      • 

    • Custom freshness commands (avoid refetching massive inputs just to chec=
k the hash hasn=E2=80=99t changed)
      • 

    • No experimental Nix features required (flakes)
      • 

    


    
Outside the homepage, it would be worth checking the <abbr title=3D"frequently asked questions">FAQs=
</abbr> if any whats or whys come up.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml-RDF 1.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-rdf-1-2-0/17890/1

    

    

    

    Zoggy announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
A new release of OCaml-RDF, 1.2.0, is available. The main additions are:

    


      

    • a new Igraph module, providing immutable graphs (for function=
al style).
      • 

    • a new rdf_rdfa package implementing a Rdfa 1.1 processor.
      • 

    


    
It is available from my own opam repository.

    

    

    

    

    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/22

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
It is with a blatant denial of the current situation that I announce the ne=
xt release of Slipshow:

    

    

    

    Slipshow 0.10.0: Don't look {up}
    

    

    
The asteroid star of the release is the new warnings that the co=
mpiler can raise to help you write a bug-free presentation. Those warnings =
are visible on the command-line, but also in the hot-reloading preview in <=
code>serve mode!

    


    
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f78568e5-dbbf-4=
9e3-9cd3-8d2e5c4edfda

    


    
Warnings will hopefully help detect bugs in your presentations and improve =
the experience, especially of newcomers!

    


    
This time, I'd like to thanks @Alistair for the incredible Grace =F0=9F=92=85 library. Whenever I loo=
k somewhere, I find a new OCaml pearl. Thank you for that! This library, th=
e ecosystem, open-source, are all awesome things.

    


    
And thanks again to NLNet for supporting the development of Slipshow!

    


    
Here is the full changelog:

    

    

    

    

    Added
    

    

      

    • Helpful warnings at compile-time (#213):

        

      • Action parsing failures,
        • 

      • Missing ID (and external-ids frontmatter field to selectiv=
ely deactivate),
        • 

      • Duplicated ID,
        • 

      • Frontmatter parsing error,
        • 

      • Wrong target type for actions,
        • 

      • Missing file,
        • 

      • Unknown attribute,
        • 

      • …
        • 

      • 

    

    

    

    

    Fixed
    

    

      

    • Fixed drawing stopping slightly after pauses (#216)
      • 

    • Fixed keyboard shortcuts not working in serve mode until the preview was
clicked (#215)
      • 

    • Fix shortcuts not working after saving a drawing (#217)
      • 

    • Fix wrong example links in docs (#218)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Is there a public archive for the caml-list?
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/is-there-a-public-arc=
hive-for-the-caml-list/16374/6

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Calascibetta Romain announced=

    

    

    
Hello, I am pleased to announce the launch of https://caml-list.robur.coop/, a unikernel that provides a=
 search engine for the caml-list. We now have public access to this archive=
 :tada:!

    


    
Our cooperative is currently working on several fronts, including email, by=
 offering an archiving system. For more details, please see this articl=
e. Another article describes the search engine we use, and a thir=
d explains how we developed this unikernel (although the latter has=
 evolved considerably since then, the core remains the same).

    


    
We are therefore delighted to make this service available to the community,=
 and if you would like to help us improve it, the project is currently avai=
lable here. We would li=
ke to thank NLnet for funding this uniker=
nel, and if you appreciate our work, please do not hesitate to make a donat=
ion to our cooperative (via GitHub or directly to our coo=
perative)

    


    
Finally, this example also showcases all our work on unikernels: from what =
an Ethernet frame is, through the archive system and the extraction of emai=
ls from a virtualised hard drive, right up to the HTTP request - everyth=
ing is done in OCaml (and we would once again recommend reading our tut=
orial on mnet if you wou=
ld like to build up unikernels).

    


    
So have fun hunting for relics from the history of OCaml!

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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From: Alan Schmitt 
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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 17 to 24, 2026.

    



    

    Introducing atdml (experimental)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-introducing-atdml-experime=
ntal/17908/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
ATD 4.0.0 was released today on opam.

    


    
This release introduces atdml, an experimental replacement for atdge=
n.

    


    
The goal is to modernize the implementation and make it easier to extend,
while keeping compatibility with existing ATD workflows.

    


    
Here's a sample input file example.atd:

    

    type location =3D {
  row: int;
  column: int;
  ?file: string option;
}

    


    
Atdml is invoked as follows, normally by the build system:

    

    $ atdml example.atd

    


    
It produces a pair of mli and ml files. This is example.mli:

    

    

    (* A=
uto-generated from "example.atd" by atdml. *)

type location =3D {
  row: int;
  column: int;
  file: string option;
}

val create_location : row:int -> column:int -> ?file:string -> unit -> location
val location_of_yojson : Yojson.Safe.t -> location
val yojson_of_location : location -> Yojson.Safe.t
val location_of_json : string -> location
val json_of_location : location -> string

module Location : sig
  type nonrec t =3D location
  val create : row:int -> column:int -> ?file:string -> unit -> t
  val of_yojson : Yojson.Safe.t -> t
  val to_yojson : t -> Yojson.Safe.t
  val of_json : string -> t
  val to_json : t -> string
end

    

    


    
Release notes:
https://github=
.com/ahrefs/atd/releases/tag/4.0.0

    


    
Documentation:
https://atd.readthedocs.io/

    


    
Project page:
https://github.com/ahrefs/atd

    

    

    

    

    

    Experimental module imports in ATD (ATD 4.0.0)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-experimental=
-module-imports-in-atd-atd-4-0-0/17909/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
ATD 4.0.0 adds experimental support for imports between ATD files.

    


    
This allows splitting schemas across multiple files in a natural way.

    


    
Currently supported in:

    

      

    • atdml (OCaml)
      • 

    • atdpy (Python)
      • 

    • atdts (TypeScript)
      • 

    


    
Example:

    

    from utils as u import email

type email_addresses =3D u.email list

    


    
Details:
https://github=
.com/ahrefs/atd/releases/tag/4.0.0

    


    
For an earlier discussion of the design, see =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/rfc-multifile-atd-definition-support-via-import=
-statements/17881].

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.22
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-22/17912/1

    

    

    

    Shon announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is pleased to announce the release of dune 3.22.0.

    


    
In addition to many fixes and small improvements, notable highlights of thi=
s release include:

    




    
See the full =
changelog
for all new features and fixes, and for attribution to the contributors who=
 made
it all possible. Thank you, contributors!

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it in our issue
tracker.

    

    

    

    

    

    Parseff: parser combinator library for OCaml 5
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-parseff-par=
ser-combinator-library-for-ocaml-5/17914/1

    

    

    

    David Sancho announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
I=E2=80=99m sharing Parseff, a parser combinator library for OCam=
l 5.

    


    
If you like parser combinators but don=E2=80=99t love writing everything in=
 monadic style, Parseff is built for that. Parsers are plain functions (unit -> 'a) and you compose them in direct style, while Parsef=
f handles backtracking and streaming under the hood (using effects!)

    

    

    

    Why Parseff
    

    

      

    • Direct-style API: write sequential OCaml code, no >>=
=3D, let*, or applicative operator chains required.
      • 

    • Typed errors: raise domain errors with polymorphic variants via =
Parseff.error.
      • 

    • Streaming input: same parser works with Parseff.parse (string) and Parseff.parse_source (stream).
      • 

    • Zero-copy + fused ops: span APIs and fused operations for hot pa=
rsing paths.
      • 

    • Domain-safe execution: parse calls are self-contained (no global=
 mutable state).
      • 

    • Automatic backtracking with Parseff.or_
      • 

    • Minimal dependency footprint: only re for regex
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Performance
    

    

    
In the included benchmarks, Parseff is faster than Angstrom and MParser:

    


      

    • around ~2x in fair comparisons
      • 

    • up to ~4x+ with zero-copy optimized paths
      • 

    

    
Benchmark details and code are in the repo docs.

    


    
## Documentation

    


    
I=E2=80=99ve put a lot of effort into the docs (quick start, guides, and AP=
I pages) to keep Parseff easy to learn. A bit proud of using odoc=E2=80=99s=
 Markdown backend plus mdx, I can generate and check examples on the fly, s=
o snippets stay type-safe.

    


    
https://davesnx.github.io/par=
seff

    

    

    

    

    Install
    

    

    opam install parseff -y

    

    

    

    

    Links
    

    



    
If you try it, I=E2=80=99d really value feedback on: API ergonomics, error =
handling experience or  missing combinators or docs gaps!

    


    
Thanks!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy Demo Day for December 2025 Round
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-demo-day-for=
-december-2025-round/17883/5

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
The recording of our (nearly two hour!) meeting is now online: https://watch.ocaml.org/w/=
8aUqMhFvhQGq4WJLH3ukjA !

    


    
Thank you to everyone who joined :two_hump_camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 24 to 31,
2026.

Table of Contents
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

Improve signature-help feature in Merlin
Feedback Wanted: Upcoming OCaml Users Survey 2026 Questions
OCaml Users Survey 2023 Results
ortac-0.8 specification-driven testing with Domains
Third alpha release for OCaml 5.5.0
ocaml-openapi-gen 0.1.0, ocaml-forgejo
CS6868 Concurrent Programming =E2=80=93 Course Materials
libinput - OCaml bindings for Linux input devices
OCaml compiler office hours
Old CWN


Improve signature-help feature in Merlin
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Charl=C3=A8ne_Gros announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  We, at Tarides, are very happy to announce some improvements made to
  Merlin=E2=80=99s `signature-help' feature!

  As a reminder, `signature-help' is a feature in Merlin that displays
  the function signature and highlights the active parameter. In the
  editor, this is typically displayed in a tooltip, floating window, or
  minibuffer. For instance, the following image displays the
  `signature-help' for the function `exec_prog' in VSCode.

  

  The implementation of the signature-help command had a few
  shortcomings, which have been fixed. These fixes are making the
  feature way more pleasant to use. Some of these improvements are
  already part of the last Merlin and ocaml-lsp releases, others will be
  included in the next release.

  Results:

  =E2=80=A2 Merlin only displays `signature-help' information on the functi=
on
    parameters and no longer displays it on the function name.
  =E2=80=A2 `signature-help' displays the function's information only for t=
he
    active parameters, and no longer loops back to highlight the first
    parameter after the last one.
  =E2=80=A2 `signature-help' is now triggered even if used inside a `let ..=
 in'
    binding, in which the `in' is not yet written after the function
    call
  =E2=80=A2 The optional parameters are now detected and highlighted when t=
he
    active parameter starts writing one.


Feedback Wanted: Upcoming OCaml Users Survey 2026 Questions
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=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone, I am preparing the OCaml Users Survey 2026 on behalf of
    the OCSF and would like your input on the survey questions before we
    finalize them.

  You can find the proposed question list here: [Proposed OCaml Users
  Survey Questions 2026] For reference, there is a [summary of the
  changes compared to the 2023 survey].


[Proposed OCaml Users Survey Questions 2026]


[summary of the changes compared to the 2023 survey]


Summary of proposed changes since the 2023 survey
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  New sections:
  =E2=80=A2 AI/LLM Usage (4 questions) - Do you use AI/LLM tools for OCaml
    development? Which ones? What for?
  =E2=80=A2 Debugging & Profiling (3 questions) - What debugging approaches=
 and
    tools do you use? What are the biggest challenges? (Motivated by
    frequent mentions of debugging difficulties in the 2023 free-text
    responses.)

  New standalone questions:
  =E2=80=A2 Community size preference ("I wish the community was=E2=80=A6")
  =E2=80=A2 Documentation tools used (odoc, ocamldoc, etc.)
  =E2=80=A2 Dedicated free-text fields for tooling and package repository
    feedback

  Removed questions (10 total) - questions that yielded
  low-actionability data or were redundant, including: largest project
  size, release schedule satisfaction, source hosting platform, web
  deployment platforms, "OCaml tooling provides a comfortable workflow
  for me", "OCaml libraries are stable enough", "software written in
  OCaml is easy to maintain", and the language feature wishlist (effect
  handlers have shipped in OCaml 5).

  Modified questions - new answer options reflecting ecosystem
  evolution: OxCaml, Zig, Helix, Zed, WebAssembly targets, dune package
  management, Nix-based builds, Bluesky, and AI/LLM-related options in
  the "burning desires" section. Old compiler versions (4.02-4.06)
  collapsed into "=E2=89=A44.07". Benchmarking tools now listed by specific=
 name
  rather than category.

  We'd love your feedback on:

  =E2=80=A2 Are there questions you think should be added or removed?
  =E2=80=A2 Are any answer options missing?
  =E2=80=A2 Are there new topics that are important to the OCaml community =
that
    we should ask about?
  =E2=80=A2 Is the survey too long, too short, or about right at 58 questio=
ns?

  Thank you for helping us make the survey as useful as possible!
  :two_hump_camel: :orange_heart:

  Sabine

  PS: See also [the results of the OCaml Users Survey 2023]!


[the results of the OCaml Users Survey 2023]



OCaml Users Survey 2023 Results
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sabine Schmaltz announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  on behalf of the OCSF, I am happy to announce the (belated) report on
  the responses to the OCaml Users Survey 2023. We apologize for the
  delay in evaluating and are committed to run the OCaml Users Survey
  reliably in a yearly fashion from now on.

  Without further ceremony, here is the link to the report:

  

  We welcome any feedback on the report, discussion around the responses
  and numbers (please share your interpretations and opinions), or other
  commentary.

  Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey to help us better
  understand the state of OCaml and its ecosystem! :orange_heart:
  :two_hump_camel:

  Sabine

  PS: the 2026 OCaml Users Survey is coming up. We greatly value your
  input on [the feedback thread about 2026 survey question changes].


[the feedback thread about 2026 survey question changes]



ortac-0.8 specification-driven testing with Domains
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=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Nicolas Osborne announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi! We, at Tarides, are very excited to announce the release of
  ortac-0.8.0 for specification-driven testing!

  `ortac' is a tool in the [Gospel] ecosystem. The core idea is to
  translate a subset of the Gospel specification language into OCaml
  code and use these translations to generate runtime checking.

  `ortac' has a plugin architecture. You can install it via opam:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install ortac-wrapper    # install the wrapper plugin fo=
r runtime assertion checking, with all the other necessary parts (runtime a=
nd cli)
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install ortac-qcheck-stm # install the qcheck-stm plugin=
 that generates QCheck-STM tests, with all the other necessary parts (runti=
me and cli)
  =E2=94=82 $ opam install ortac-dune       # install the dune plugin to ge=
nerate dune boilerplate to use the two previous plugins
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  This release focuses on making Ortac/QCheck-STM take advantage of more
  features from the QCheck-STM test framework: namely testing in a
  parallel context and flexibility of the command generation.

  You can take a look at the [documentation] that explains how it works.

  Regarding testing in a parallel context, with the introduction of the
  bug report feature in version 0.2 and the coverage of SUT-returning
  functions in version 0.4, it was not possible anymore to easily
  generate QCheck-STM tests in a parallel context (which is quite easy
  in hand-written QCheck-STM tests). This is now fixed!

  Information for the bug report are partly collected in the function
  doing the actual testing (comparing the results from the actual run
  and the results from the model). This means that implementing the bug
  report feature for the parallel testing requires to rewrite this
  function, which is the heart of QCheck-STM+Domains and what we are
  trusting when running the tests (the Trusted Testing Base if you
  will). In order to check that we keep the same behaviour, that the
  generated tests have the same semantic as corresponding hand-written
  QCheck-STM tests, we minimized the diff of the [commit] introducing
  the collection of the information so that the preservation of the
  logic is apparent (at the end of the day, human review is what we
  trust).

  Since version 0.4, SUT-returning functions are included in the
  tests. The newly created SUT is then added to the store of SUTs that
  are picked as argument for the next calls. The question here is what
  to do with them in a parallel context: We can't add a SUT created in a
  parallel branch in a global store, as it is not supposed to be shared
  between domains. We've chosen a simple design, where we stop storing
  newly created SUTs once we are in a parallel context. No worries,
  these SUT-returning functions will still be fully tested in the
  sequential part of the testing (in sequential mode and/or in the
  sequential prefix of the parallel mode).

  One of the power of the QCheck-STM test framework is the flexibility
  of its command generator. This flexibility comes from the `QCheck.Gen'
  API itself and from the fact that the QCheck-STM command generator is
  parameterized over the state of the current model (think generation of
  a `lookup' command for a key-value store, you want to be able to have
  a chance to generate a call that lookup a key that is actually
  associated to a value). An automatically generated command generator
  ought to be a bit naive. In order to mitigate this naivet=C3=A9, we allow
  the user to provide:

  =E2=80=A2 weights to be applied to specific command generation, usefull f=
or
    example to disable the generation of the `push' command on a [work
    stealing queue] on the domain that is not supposed to own the queue.
  =E2=80=A2 complete command generator implementation when the user wants to
    take advantage on the command generator being parameterized over the
    current state of the model.

  Happy testing!


[Gospel] 

[documentation]


[commit]


[work stealing queue]



Third alpha release for OCaml 5.5.0
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=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  With the progress of the ongoing stabilisation effort for OCaml 5.5.0,
  we are happy to announce a third alpha release for OCaml 5.5.0.

  The missing second alpha was unreleased due to an unforeseen
  interaction between the relocatable compiler and bootstrapping. This
  issue is fixed in this third alpha.

  Beyond this important change, compared to the first alpha this new
  alpha release contains

  =E2=80=A2 two code generation fixes
  =E2=80=A2 three type system fixes
  =E2=80=A2 one standard library fix

  (see the Changelog below for a full list).

  Overall, it looks like 5.5.0 is stabilizing quite well and alpha
  versions of most development tools are available. Thus we are planning
  to switch to a beta release in the beginning of April.

  More precisely, the ongoing progress on stabilising the ecosystem is
  tracked on the [5.5.0 readiness meta-issueon opam].

  There is also a companion alpha opam repository available for this
  alpha release
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 $ opam repo add alpha git+https://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-a=
lpha-repository.git
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  which contains in-progress alpha releases of opam packages that are
  being updated for OCaml 5.5.0 .

  The final release is still planned for between May and June.

  If you find any bugs, please report them on the [issue tracker].

  If you are interested by the full list of new features and bug fixes,
  the updated [changelog for OCaml 5.5.0] is available.

  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team


[5.5.0 readiness meta-issueon opam]


[issue tracker] 

[changelog for OCaml 5.5.0]


Changes compared to the first alpha
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=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Compiler artefact fixes

  =E2=80=A2 More bootstrap-friendly relocatable compiler
  =E2=80=A2 A bootstrap to fix compiler-libs related issues reported by
    js_of_ocaml


=E2=97=8A Code generation bug fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#14583]: fix bug in linear scan spilling heuristic that in cer=
tain
    situations could lead to miscompilations.  (Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r,
    review by Vincent Laviron)

  =E2=80=A2 [#13693], [#14514]: s390x: fix heap corruption with
    libasmrun_shared.so caused by PLT lazy binding trampoline saving
    FPRs into OCaml's fiber stack.  Replace PLT calls with GOT-indirect
    calls in the s390x code emitter.  (Zane Hambly, review by David
    Allsopp and Xavier Leroy)


  [#14583] 

  [#13693] 

  [#14514] 


=E2=97=8A Type system bug fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#14434], [#14652]: Protect check_counter_example_pat against
    polymorphic types, restoring type soundness.  (Stephen Dolan and
    Jacques Garrigue, report and review by Alistair O'Brien)

  =E2=80=A2 [#14603], [#14604]: avoid Ctype.apply failures when mixing
    polymorphic types and unboxed constructors.  (Gabriel Scherer and
    Stefan Muenzel, report by Brandon Stride, review by Florian
    Angeletti)

  =E2=80=A2 [#14626], [#14675]: take in account module-dependent functions =
when
    determining if an optional argument is non-erasable.  (Alistair
    O'Brien and Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#14434] 

  [#14652] 

  [#14603] 

  [#14604] 

  [#14626] 

  [#14675] 


=E2=97=8A Standard library fix

  =E2=80=A2 [#14635]: Fix a bug in `caml_floatarray_gather' that would caus=
e the
    result of `Float.Array.sub', `Float.Array.append',
    `Float.Array.concat' (when empty) not to be equal to `[||]'.  (Marc
    Lasson, review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#14635] 


=E2=97=8A Documentation update

  =E2=80=A2 [#13590]: Document automatic command-line expansion of `*' and =
`?'
    wildcards by the runtime under Windows.  (Benjamin Sigonneau, review
    by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)


  [#13590] 


ocaml-openapi-gen 0.1.0, ocaml-forgejo
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Zoggy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I just made a first release of [ocaml-openapi-gen], a tool generating
  code from an [openapis] specification.

  The `openapi_gen' package is available from my [personal opam
  repository].

  This tool is used to generate code for [ocaml-forgejo], a library to
  interact with Codeberg and other forgejo-based platforms through the
  [provided REST API].

  The generated interfaces way evolve in the future.


[ocaml-openapi-gen] 

[openapis] 

[personal opam repository] 

[ocaml-forgejo] 

[provided REST API] 


CS6868 Concurrent Programming =E2=80=93 Course Materials
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


KC Sivaramakrishnan announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I=E2=80=99m currently teaching a course called =E2=80=9CCS6868: Concurrent
  Programming=E2=80=9D at IIT Madras. The goal of the course is to teach
  concurrent and parallel programming using OCaml 5, and then introduce
  [OxCaml] for safe and fast parallelism. I=E2=80=99ve covered the OCaml 5
  parts, and will be starting OxCaml next. I thought it would be good to
  share the course materials with the community.

  

  CS6868 assumes knowledge of OCaml, which I cover in [CS3100: Paradigms
  of Programming]. This course includes a [YouTube playlist] with all
  the lectures, notebooks, and assignments.

  CS6868 builds the foundations of parallelism, reasoning about
  correctness through linearizability, parallel programming through spin
  locks, mutexes, condition variables, memory consistency models, and
  the basics of performance and non-blocking data structures (lock-free
  linked lists, queues, and stacks). Here, the course closely follows
  the book [The Art of Multiprocessor Programming]. All the code has
  been redone in OCaml 5. In addition to the book content, the course
  also covers the OCaml relaxed memory model. We also cover a fair bit
  of OCaml-specific tools here, including concurrent property-based
  testing using [qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm], and [data race detection
  using TSAN].

  Following this, the course covers the basics of effect handlers,
  following specific parts of [Control structures in programming
  languages: from goto to algebraic effects]. We then build a
  full-fledged Go-like, multicore-capable concurrent programming library
  with lightweight threads, buffered channels, selective communication
  (in the vein of [Concurrent ML]), nested parallel programming (as in
  [domainslib]), and basic asynchronous IO (as in [Eio]).

  There is a growing collection of [course projects], which should be
  doable if you=E2=80=99ve gone through the course materials. Let me know i=
f you
  have ideas for course projects.

  The course tries to bring together the content from [many] [tutorials]
  [we] [have] done in the past. Let me know if you have feedback. I=E2=80=
=99m
  open to accepting PRs fixing small issues, but given that this is an
  ongoing course, any large PRs will likely not be accepted. I hope you
  will enjoy working through this as much as I had fun making it.


[OxCaml] 

[CS3100: Paradigms of Programming]


[YouTube playlist]


[The Art of Multiprocessor Programming]


[qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm]


[data race detection using TSAN]


[Control structures in programming languages: from goto to algebraic
effects] 

[Concurrent ML] 

[domainslib] 

[Eio] 

[course projects]


[many] 

[tutorials]


[we]


[have] 


libinput - OCaml bindings for Linux input devices
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Thomas Leonard announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I'm pleased to announce the first release of [libinput-ocaml] (OCaml
  bindings for the libinput C library).

  libinput is used by applications such as Wayland compositors to access
  mice, keyboards, touch pads, etc.

  [Linux input devices (with libinput-ocaml)] explains how input devices
  work on Linux, and shows how to use the library to create a little
  game:

  


[libinput-ocaml] 

[Linux input devices (with libinput-ocaml)]



OCaml compiler office hours
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, gasche announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I propose to hold OCaml compiler office hours on Friday April 3d,
  11:00-12:00 UTC (in local time, [date-range from=3D2026-04-03T11:00:00
  to=3D2026-04-03T12:00:00 timezone=3DUTC].)

  =E2=80=A2 [collaborative pad to prepare questions/topics]


[collaborative pad to prepare questions/topics]



Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--==-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 24 to 31, 2026.

    



    

    Improve signature-help feature in Merlin
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-improve-signatur=
e-help-feature-in-merlin/17920/1

    

    

    

    Charl=C3=A8ne_Gros announced
    

    

    
We, at Tarides, are very happy to announce some improvements made to Merlin=
=E2=80=99s signature-help feature!

    


    
As a reminder, signature-help is a feature in Merlin that disp=
lays the function signature and highlights the active parameter. In the edi=
tor, this is typically displayed in a tooltip, floating window, or minibuff=
er. For instance, the following image displays the signature-help for the function exec_prog in VSCode.

    



    

    3D"46e99c5c69bab991=

    

    


    
The implementation of the signature-help command had a few shortcomings, wh=
ich have been fixed. These fixes are making the feature way more pleasant t=
o use. Some of these improvements are already part of the last Merlin and o=
caml-lsp releases, others will be included in the next release.

    


    
Results:

    


      

    • Merlin only displays signature-help information on the fun=
ction parameters and no longer displays it on the function name.
      • 

    • signature-help displays the function's information only fo=
r the active parameters, and no longer loops back to highlight the first pa=
rameter after the last one.
      • 

    • signature-help is now triggered even if used inside a let .. in binding, in which the in is not yet written=
 after the function call
      • 

    • The optional parameters are now detected and highlighted when the activ=
e parameter starts writing one.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Feedback Wanted: Upcoming OCaml Users Survey 2026 Questions

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/feedba=
ck-wanted-upcoming-ocaml-users-survey-2026-questions/17925/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
  I am preparing the OCaml Users Survey 2026 on behalf of the OCSF and woul=
d like your input on the survey questions before we finalize them.

    


    
You can find the proposed question list here: Proposed OCaml Users Survey Questions 2026=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
For reference, there is a summary of the changes compared to the 2023 survey.=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    

    

    

    Summary of proposed changes since the 2023 survey
    

    

    
New sections:

    

      

    • AI/LLM Usage (4 questions) - Do you use AI/LLM tools for OCaml developm=
ent? Which ones? What for?
      • 

    • Debugging & Profiling (3 questions) - What debugging approaches and=
 tools do you use? What are the biggest challenges? (Motivated by frequent =
mentions of debugging difficulties in the 2023 free-text responses.)
      • 

    


    
New standalone questions:=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    

      

    • Community size preference ("I wish the community was…")
      • 

    • Documentation tools used (odoc, ocamldoc, etc.)
      • 

    • Dedicated free-text fields for tooling and package repository feedback<=
/li>

    


    
Removed questions (10 total) - questions that yielded low-actionability dat=
a or were redundant, including: largest project size, release schedule sati=
sfaction, source hosting platform, web deployment platforms, "OCaml tooling=
 provides a comfortable workflow for me", "OCaml libraries are stable enoug=
h", "software written in OCaml is easy to maintain", and the language featu=
re wishlist (effect handlers have shipped in OCaml  5).=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    


    
Modified questions - new answer options reflecting ecosystem evolution: OxC=
aml, Zig, Helix, Zed, WebAssembly targets, dune package management, Nix-bas=
ed builds, Bluesky, and AI/LLM-related options in the "burning desires" sec=
tion. Old compiler versions (4.02-4.06) collapsed into "=E2=89=A44.07". Ben=
chmarking tools now listed by specific name rather than category.

    


    
We'd love your feedback on:=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    


      

    • Are there questions you think should be added or removed?
      • 

    • Are any answer options missing?
      • 

    • Are there new topics that are important to the OCaml community that we =
should ask about?
      • 

    • Is the survey too long, too short, or about right at 58 questions?
      • 

    


    
Thank you for helping us make the survey as useful as possible! :two_hump_c=
amel: :orange_heart:=20

    


    
Sabine

    


    
PS: See also the results of the OCaml Users Survey 2023!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Users Survey 2023 Results
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-users-survey-2023-r=
esults/17926/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
on behalf of the OCSF, I am happy to announce the (belated) report on the r=
esponses to the OCaml Users Survey 2023. We apologize for the delay in eval=
uating and are committed to run the OCaml Users Survey reliably in a yearly=
 fashion from now on.

    


    
Without further ceremony, here is the link to the report:

    


    
https://ocam=
l-sf.org/docs/2023/survey-results.html

    


    
We welcome any feedback on the report, discussion around the responses and =
numbers (please share your interpretations and opinions), or other commenta=
ry.

    


    
Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey to help us better unde=
rstand the state of OCaml and its ecosystem! :orange_heart: :two_hump_camel=
:=20

    


    
Sabine

    


    
PS: the 2026 OCaml Users Survey is coming up. We greatly value your input o=
n the feedback thread about 2026 survey que=
stion changes.

    

    

    

    

    

    ortac-0.8 specification-driven testing with Domains
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ortac=
-0-8-specification-driven-testing-with-domains/17927/1

    

    

    

    Nicolas Osborne announced
    

    

    
Hi! We, at Tarides, are very excited to announce the release of ortac-0.8.0=
 for specification-driven testing!

    


    
ortac is a tool in the Gospel ecosystem. The core idea is to translate a subset of the Go=
spel specification language into OCaml code and use these translations to g=
enerate runtime checking.

    


    
ortac has a plugin architecture. You can install it via opam:

    


    $ opam install ortac-wrapper    # install the wrapper plugin for runtime as=
sertion checking, with all the other necessary parts (runtime and cli)
$ opam install ortac-qcheck-stm # install the qcheck-stm plugin that genera=
tes QCheck-STM tests, with all the other necessary parts (runtime and cli)
$ opam install ortac-dune       # install the dune plugin to generate dune =
boilerplate to use the two previous plugins

    


    
This release focuses on making Ortac/QCheck-STM take advantage of more feat=
ures from the QCheck-STM test framework: namely testing in a parallel conte=
xt and flexibility of the command generation.

    


    
You can take a look at the documentation that explains how it works.

    


    
Regarding testing in a parallel context, with the introduction of the bug r=
eport feature in version 0.2 and the coverage of SUT-returning functions in=
 version 0.4, it was not possible anymore to easily generate QCheck-STM tes=
ts in a parallel context (which is quite easy in hand-written QCheck-STM te=
sts). This is now fixed!

    


    
Information for the bug report are partly collected in the function doing t=
he actual testing (comparing the results from the actual run and the result=
s from the model). This means that implementing the bug report feature for =
the parallel testing requires to rewrite this function, which is the heart =
of QCheck-STM+Domains and what we are trusting when running the tests (the =
Trusted Testing Base if you will). In order to check that we keep the same =
behaviour, that the generated tests have the same semantic as corresponding=
 hand-written QCheck-STM tests, we minimized the diff of the commit introducing the collection of the information so that t=
he preservation of the logic is apparent (at the end of the day, human revi=
ew is what we trust).

    


    
Since version 0.4, SUT-returning functions are included in the tests. The n=
ewly created SUT is then added to the store of SUTs that are picked as argu=
ment for the next calls. The question here is what to do with them in a par=
allel context: We can't add a SUT created in a parallel branch in a global =
store, as it is not supposed to be shared between domains. We've chosen a s=
imple design, where we stop storing newly created SUTs once we are in a par=
allel context. No worries, these SUT-returning functions will still be full=
y tested in the sequential part of the testing (in sequential mode and/or i=
n the sequential prefix of the parallel mode).

    


    
One of the power of the QCheck-STM test framework is the flexibility of its=
 command generator. This flexibility comes from the QCheck.Gen=
 API itself and from the fact that the QCheck-STM command generator is para=
meterized over the state of the current model (think generation of a =
lookup command for a key-value store, you want to be able to have a =
chance to generate a call that lookup a key that is actually associated to =
a value). An automatically generated command generator ought to be a bit na=
ive. In order to mitigate this naivet=C3=A9, we allow the user to provide:

    


      

    • weights to be applied to specific command generation, usefull for examp=
le to disable the generation of the push command on a work stealing queue on the domain that is not =
supposed to own the queue.
      • 

    • complete command generator implementation when the user wants to take a=
dvantage on the command generator being parameterized over the current stat=
e of the model.
      • 

    


    
Happy testing!

    

    

    

    

    

    Third alpha release for OCaml 5.5.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/third-alpha-release-for-ocaml=
-5-5-0/17928/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
With the progress of the ongoing stabilisation effort for OCaml 5.5.0, we a=
re happy to announce a third alpha release for OCaml 5.5.0.

    


    
The missing second alpha was unreleased due to an unforeseen interaction be=
tween the relocatable compiler and bootstrapping. This issue is fixed in th=
is third alpha.

    


    
Beyond this important change, compared to the first alpha this new alpha re=
lease contains=20

    


      

    • two code generation fixes
      • 

    • three type system fixes
      • 

    • one standard library fix
      • 

    


    
(see the Changelog below for a full list).

    


    
Overall, it looks like 5.5.0 is stabilizing quite well and alpha versions o=
f most development tools are available. Thus we are planning to switch to a=
 beta release in the beginning of April.

    


    
More precisely, the ongoing progress on stabilising the ecosystem is tracke=
d on the =
5.5.0 readiness meta-issueon opam.

    


    
There is also a companion alpha opam repository available for this alpha re=
lease

    

    $ opam repo add alpha git+https://github.com/kit-ty-kate/opam-alpha-reposit=
ory.git

    

    
which contains in-progress alpha releases of opam packages that are being u=
pdated for
OCaml 5.5.0 .

    


    
The final release is still planned for between May and June.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them on the issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested by the full list of new features and bug fixes, the
updated changel=
og for OCaml 5.5.0 is available.

    


    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team

    

    

    

    Changes compared to the first alpha
    

    

    

      

    • Compiler artefact fixes
      

      

        

      • More bootstrap-friendly relocatable compiler
        • 

      • A bootstrap to fix compiler-libs related issues reported by js_of_ocaml=

        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Code generation bug fixes
      

      

        

      • #14583: fix=
 bug in linear scan spilling heuristic that in certain situations
could lead to miscompilations.
(Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, review by Vincent Laviron)
        • 


      • #13693, #14514: s390x: fix=
 heap corruption with libasmrun_shared.so caused
by PLT lazy binding trampoline saving FPRs into OCaml's fiber stack.
Replace PLT calls with GOT-indirect calls in the s390x code emitter.
(Zane Hambly, review by David Allsopp and Xavier Leroy)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Type system bug fixes
      

      

        

      • #14434, #14652: Protect ch=
eck_counter_example_pat against polymorphic types,
restoring type soundness.
(Stephen Dolan and Jacques Garrigue, report and review by Alistair O'Brien)=

        • 


      • #14603, #14604: avoid Ctyp=
e.apply failures when mixing
polymorphic types and unboxed constructors.
(Gabriel Scherer and Stefan Muenzel, report by Brandon Stride,
 review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 


      • #14626, #14675: take in ac=
count module-dependent functions when
determining if an optional argument is non-erasable.
(Alistair O'Brien and Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Standard library fix
      

      

        

      • #14635: Fix=
 a bug in caml_floatarray_gather that would cause
the result of Float.Array.sub, Float.Array.append=
, Float.Array.concat
(when empty) not to be equal to [||].
(Marc Lasson, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Documentation update
      

      

        

      • #13590: Doc=
ument automatic command-line expansion of * and ?=
 wildcards by
the runtime under Windows.
(Benjamin Sigonneau, review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-openapi-gen 0.1.0, ocaml-forgejo
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-openapi-gen-0=
-1-0-ocaml-forgejo/17929/1

    

    

    

    Zoggy announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I just made a first release of =
ocaml-openapi-gen, a tool generating code from an openapis specification.

    


    
The openapi_gen package is available from my personal opam repository.

    


    
This tool is used to generate code for ocaml-forgejo, a library to interact with Codeberg and ot=
her forgejo-based platforms through the provided REST API.

    


    
The generated interfaces way evolve in the future.

    

    

    

    

    

    CS6868 Concurrent Programming – Course Materials
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-cs6868-con=
current-programming-course-materials/17932/1

    

    

    

    KC Sivaramakrishnan announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m currently teaching a course called =E2=80=9CCS6868: Concurrent =
Programming=E2=80=9D at IIT Madras. The goal of the course is to teach conc=
urrent and parallel programming using OCaml 5, and then introduce OxCaml for safe and fast parallelism. I=E2=80=
=99ve covered the OCaml 5 parts, and will be starting OxCaml next. I though=
t it would be good to share the course materials with the community.

    


    
https://github.com/kayc=
eesrk/cs6868_s26

    


    
CS6868 assumes knowledge of OCaml, which I cover in CS3100: Paradigms of Programming. This cou=
rse includes a YouTube playlist with all t=
he lectures, notebooks, and assignments.

    


    
CS6868 builds the foundations of parallelism, reasoning about correctness t=
hrough linearizability, parallel programming through spin locks, mutexes, c=
ondition variables, memory consistency models, and the basics of performanc=
e and non-blocking data structures (lock-free linked lists, queues, and sta=
cks). Here, the course closely follows the book The Art of Multiprocessor Programming. All the code has been redo=
ne in OCaml 5. In addition to the book content, the course also covers the =
OCaml relaxed memory model. We also cover a fair bit of OCaml-specific tool=
s here, including concurrent property-based testing using qcheck-lin and qcheck-stm=
, and data race detectio=
n using TSAN.=20

    


    
Following this, the course covers the basics of effect handlers, following =
specific parts of C=
ontrol structures in programming languages: from goto to algebraic effects<=
/a>. We then build a full-fledged Go-like, multicore-capable concurrent pro=
gramming library with lightweight threads, buffered channels, selective com=
munication (in the vein of Concurrent ML), nested parallel programming (as in domainslib), and basic as=
ynchronous IO (as in Eio=
).=20

    


    
There is a growing collection of course projects, which should be d=
oable if you=E2=80=99ve gone through the course materials. Let me know if y=
ou have ideas for course projects.=20

    


    
The course tries to bring together the content from many tutorials we have done in the past. Let me know if you have feedback. I=E2=80=99m=
 open to accepting PRs fixing small issues, but given that this is an ongoi=
ng course, any large PRs will likely not be accepted. I hope you will enjoy=
 working through this as much as I had fun making it.

    

    

    

    

    

    libinput - OCaml bindings for Linux input devices
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-libinput-=
ocaml-bindings-for-linux-input-devices/17933/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Leonard announced
    

    

    
I'm pleased to announce the first release of libinput-ocaml (OCaml bindings for the libinput =
C library).

    


    
libinput is used by applications such as Wayland compositors to access mice=
, keyboards, touch pads, etc.

    


    
Linux =
input devices (with libinput-ocaml) explains how input devices work on =
Linux, and shows how to use the library to create a little game:

    



    

    3D"87988f00d0f601de=

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml compiler office hours
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-compiler-office-hours/17230/32=


    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, gasche announced
    

    

    
I propose to hold OCaml compiler office hours on Friday April 3d, 11:00-12:=
00 UTC (in local time, [date-range from=3D2026-04-03T11:00:00 to=3D2026-04-=
03T12:00:00 timezone=3DUTC].)

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 31 to April 07,=
 2026.

    



    

    restricted 2.0.0 limit which system operations and which parts=
 of the filesystem your program can access
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-restricted-2-0-0-limit-whic=
h-system-operations-and-which-parts-of-the-filesystem-your-program-can-acce=
ss/17942/1

    

    

    

    removewingman announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I am happy to announce a new version of restricted.

    


    
This library lets you limit which system operations and which parts of the =
filesystem your program can access. Call it as early as possible in your pr=
ogram so that the rest of the code runs with reduced privileges. Currently,=
 actual enforced restrictions are implemented for these operating systems:

    


      

    • OpenBSD
      • 

    • Linux (only filesystem view)
      • 

    


    
Even on other operating systems, you can still use restricted to document which privil=
eges your program needs. Users can then test if your program respects these=
 promises with tools such as pledge=
 on Linux. Enjoy :slight_smile:

    




    
CHANGELOG:

    


      

    • tested on:

        

      • x86_64 openbsd (16/16 Tests passed)
        • 

      • x86_64-alpine-linux (Landlock ABI version: 7) (4/12 Tests passed: file_=
read_unv, file_write_unv, file_create_unv_linux, file_cwrr_unv_linux)
        • 

      • 

    

    

    

    Added
    

    

      

    • API: exec promises and accesses optional
      • 

    • OpenBSD: exec promises
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Removed
    

    

      

    • SystemOperation.TmpPath (deprecated see: pledge (2))
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Job offer: compiler engineer for Catala @ CNAF (social benefit=
s agency)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/=
t/job-offer-compiler-engineer-for-catala-cnaf-social-benefits-agency/17943/=
1

    

    

    

    Denis Merigoux announced
    

    

    
[The following is in French since this is a job offer in the French public =
sector]

    


    
Candidatez ici : https://www.lasecurecrute.fr/offre-emploi/ingenieur-expert-en-comp=
ilation-langages-de-programmation--f-h/normandie/1065497

    


    

    
La CNAF (Caisse Nationale des Allocations Familiales), t=C3=AAte de =
r=C3=A9seau des 101 CAF, repr=C3=A9sente la branche Famille de la S=C3=A9cu=
rit=C3=A9 sociale et a pour mission de piloter la politique familiale et l=
=E2=80=99aide aux populations en situation de pr=C3=A9carit=C3=A9 ainsi que=
 la politique d=E2=80=99action sociale.

    


    
Au sein de la Direction des Syst=C3=A8mes d=E2=80=99Information (DSI), comp=
tant environ 880 collaborateurs, la Direction Prestations Flux et D=C3=
=A9cisionnel (DPFD) est d=C3=A9coup=C3=A9e en 4 d=C3=A9partements et vo=
us serez rattach=C3=A9 au d=C3=A9partement =C2=AB Prestations Individuel=
les et R=C3=A9f=C3=A9rentiels M=C3=A9tiers =C2=BB qui est pr=C3=A9sent =
sur les sites de Caen, Le Mans et Rennes.

    


    
Ce d=C3=A9partement a pour mission principale de concevoir, d=C3=A9velopper=
 et maintenir le syst=C3=A8me d=E2=80=99information li=C3=A9 aux prestation=
s individuelles (prestations vers=C3=A9es aux allocataires telles que l=E2=
=80=99allocation familiale, l=E2=80=99allocation logement, la prime =C3=A0 =
la naissance, le RSA, la prime d=E2=80=99activit=C3=A9, =E2=80=A6). Le d=C3=
=A9partement fournit ainsi des moteurs de r=C3=A8gles, ainsi que les sp=C3=
=A9cifications fonctionnelles associ=C3=A9es afin de calculer le bon droit,=
 au bon moment, pour les allocations vers=C3=A9es par les CAF.

    


    
Dans le cadre de projets strat=C3=A9giques pour la branche famille, la ou l=
e candidat int=C3=A9grera le centre technique Catala de la CNAF.

    


    
Catala est un langage de programmation d=C3=A9di=C3=A9 d=C3=A9velopp=C3=A9 =
par l=E2=80=99Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automati=
que (Inria), sp=C3=A9cialement adapt=C3=A9 =C3=A0 la transformation de sp=
=C3=A9cifications juridiques et r=C3=A9glementaires en code informatique. L=
a CNAF ayant d=C3=A9cid=C3=A9 de s=E2=80=99appuyer sur Catala pour les proj=
ets de modernisation de son syst=C3=A8me de calcul des prestations sociales=
, elle souhaite =C3=A9galement internaliser des comp=C3=A9tences de mainten=
ance sur l=E2=80=99outillage de Catala au travers de ce poste.

    


    
Le centre technique Catala a ainsi vocation =C3=A0 produire des contributio=
ns open-source sur Catala, mais aussi =C3=A0 r=C3=A9pondre aux besoins d=E2=
=80=99expertise technique du d=C3=A9partement =C2=AB Prestations Individuel=
les et R=C3=A9f=C3=A9rentiels M=C3=A9tiers =C2=BB pour ses projets li=C3=A9=
s aux moteurs de calcul des prestations sociales.

    

    


    
La personne recrut=C3=A9e travaillera avec l=E2=80=99=C3=A9quipe Catala de =
l=E2=80=99Inria (Louis Gesbert, Vincent Botbol, Romain Primet et moi-m=C3=
=AAme) ! N=E2=80=99h=C3=A9sitez pas =C3=A0 me contacter si vous avez des qu=
estions sur le job :slight_smile:

    


    
Un petit aper=C3=A7u des choses faites et =C3=A0 faire en compilation sur C=
atala : https://blog.merigoux.ovh/en/2026/02/19/building-proper-pl.html

    

    

    

    

    

    ocgtk 0.1: OCaml bindings for GTK 4 (preview release)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocgtk-=
0-1-ocaml-bindings-for-gtk-4-preview-release/17944/1

    

    

    

    Chris Armstrong announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m pleased to announce the first preview release of ocgtk, OCaml b=
indings for GTK 4 (v0.1-preview0).

    

    

    

    What is it?
    

    

    
ocgtk provides OCa=
ml bindings for the GTK 4 widget toolkit and its associated libraries (GDK,=
 GIO,
Pango, GdkPixbuf, GSK, Graphene, Cairo). It targets OCaml >=3D5.3 (for n=
ow).

    


    
It is inspired by, and draws some core common code and many design ideas fr=
om, lablgtk3 =E2=80=94 the long-standing GTK 3 bindings library. However, t=
he APIs are not compatible: whereas lablgtk3=E2=80=99s bindings are largely=
 hand-written, ocgtk uses a code generator that reads GObject Introspection=
 (GIR) definition files to produce both C stubs and OCaml wrappers. This me=
ans binding coverage tracks the GIR definitions rather than hand-written ef=
fort, and the generated code follows a consistent procedural structure.

    


    
A note on tooling: the code generator itself was developed with heav=
y assistance from LLMs. However, the output (the C stubs and OCaml modules =
that form the actual library) is programmatically generated from the GIR de=
finitions, not written by an LLM.

    

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s implemented
    

    

      

    • Bindings for GTK 4, GDK, GIO, Pango, GdkPixbuf, GSK, Graphene, and Cair=
o
      • 

    • Classes, records, enumerations, and bitfields
      • 

    • Constructors, methods, and properties
      • 

    • Signals (no return values or parameters)
      • 

    • A working example: a GTK 4 calculator application
      • 

    

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s missing
    

    

    
This is a first milestone, not a production-ready release. Several importan=
t features are not yet
supported:

    


      

    • Interfaces: GObject interfaces are not yet supported. This has a=
 broader impact than it might
appear: not only are interface types themselves absent, but any method on a=
 class that takes an interface as a parameter or returns an interface type =
is also suppressed. This means some methods on otherwise-supported classes =
will be missing from the bindings.
      • 

    • Callbacks: Functions that accept OCaml callbacks as arguments (b=
eyond signals) are not yet
supported. This limits use of many asynchronous GIO APIs and some GTK patte=
rns.
      • 

    • Free functions: Top-level functions (not attached to a class) ar=
e not yet generated. Some
utility APIs are therefore unavailable.
      • 

    • Non-opaque record field access: Fields of non-opaque GLib/GDK re=
cords cannot yet be read
directly.
      • 

    • Multi-parameter signals: Only signals with zero  parameters and =
no return value are supported; signals with complex  signatures are silentl=
y skipped.
      • 

    • GLib types: most GLib types are not bound, which means that seve=
ral useful APIs that use lists, byte arrays, GVariants (heavily used by DBu=
s) are not available.
      • 

    


    
These gaps mean you can build basic GTK applications, but expect to hit wal=
ls with more advanced widget usage, asynchronous I/O, or any API that relie=
s heavily on interfaces.

    


    
There is a ROADMAP.md that lists the rough plan to deal with much of the=
 above.

    

    

    

    

    Documentation
    

    

    
API reference documentation is currently deficient. Accurately generating d=
ocumentation from GIR
definitions is an unsolved problem for this project, so for now the generat=
ed modules are largely
undocumented. In the meantime, the GTK 4 documentation is the best referenc=
e for understanding
what each binding corresponds to, and the examples in the repository illust=
rate practical usage =E2=80=94
in particular the calculator example, which demonstrates a non-trivial GTK =
4 application.

    

    

    

    

    Stability
    

    

    
This code is untested in production environments. The generated bindings co=
ver a large
surface area, but test coverage is not yet comprehensive. I would caution a=
gainst use in any
production or safety-sensitive context at this stage. Comments or MRs are w=
elcome.

    


    
This code has not been tested outside of Linux environments.

    

    

    

    

    Installation and Usage
    

    

    
Download and pin the source code for now (I=E2=80=99m in the process of pre=
paring an opam release. This is taking a some time to sort through cross-pl=
atform issues, so I=E2=80=99ll update here with a comment when that is avai=
lable).

    


    
The bindings have been generated against GTK 4.14.5 (Ubuntu 24.04). If you =
have an older version, it should still compile (in theory), but you will re=
ceive runtime errors on APIs not available in your version.

    


      

    1. Download the repository:https://github.com/chris-armstrong/ocgtk (you can use the v0.1-pr=
eview0 tag to get what I=E2=80=99ve mentioned here)
      2. 

    2. Pin the conf-gtk4 and ocgtk packages in their respective subdirectories

        

      1. opam pin conf-gtk
        2. 

      2. opam pin ocgtk
        3. 

      3. 

    3. Run opam install ocgtk
      4. 

    


    
Each library is exposed at the ocamlfind level as ocgtk.<libname&g=
t; - for example, add ocgtk.gtk or ocgtk.gdk to your dune file, while depending on ocgtk in your o=
pam / dune-project file.

    


    
Source and issue tracker: https://github.com/chris-armstrong/ocgtk

    


    
Feedback and bug reports welcome.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    out-channel-redirect 0.1 =E2=80=94 Redirect and capture out_ch=
annel output
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.or=
g/t/ann-out-channel-redirect-0-1-redirect-and-capture-out-channel-output/17=
945/1

    

    

    

    Hhugo announced
    

    

    
I=E2=80=99m happy to announce the first release of out-channel-redirect, a library for r=
edirecting and capturing output written to out_channels.

    

    

    

    Features:
    

    

      

    • Capture any out_channel into a string (with convenience shorthands for =
stdout and stderr)
      • 

    • Redirect one channel into another
      • 

    • Works on native (via dup/dup2), JavaScript (js_of_ocaml), and WebAssemb=
ly (wasm_of_ocaml)
      • 

    • Expert API for manual redirection lifetime control
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Installation:
    

    

    opam install out-channel-redirect

    

    

    

    

    Quick example:
    

    

    

    let output, result =3D
  Out_channel_redirect.<=
/span>capture_channel some_channel ~f:(fu=
n () →=20
    Printf.fprintf so=
me_channel “hello”=
;;
    42)
(* output =3D “hello”, result =3D<=
span style=3D"color: #8f6f4a; font-style: italic;"> 42 *)

    

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ppxlib.0.38.0
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppxlib-0-38-0/17948/1

    

    

    

    Nathan Rebours announced
    

    

    
The ppxlib team is happy to announce the release of ppxlib.0.38.0.

    


    
The main features of this release are support for OCaml 5.5 and improved su=
pport of OCaml 5.4 and 5.3. It also comes with a few bug fixes and a couple=
 new API entries, you can read the extensive release notes here.

    


    
This is our first release since we announced our new approach to supporting=
 new compilers in this thread. All support for compilers ver=
sions >=3D 5.3 is implemented using this technique and new =
language features are encoded into the AST. We've added Ast_builder and Ast_pattern functions to allow you to manipulate som=
e of those, such as labeled tuples or effect patterns. You can see those in=
 our API documentation here and there. We've also illustrated how to use them in our new manual section. If you're interested in producing or consum=
ing other new language features that cannot be represented with our current=
 internal AST (5.2), please open an issue so we can add the relevant helpers.

    


    
Given the ecosystem hasn't yet recovered from the 5.2 AST bump and pp=
xlib.0.36.0, we're glad that we can add support for new compilers wi=
thout introducing further breakage and keep the maintenance burden within p=
pxlib's bounds.
We've started discu=
ssions with the compiler team to make this approach even more viable in=
 the future on our end.

    


    
We'd like to thank @ceastlund who's our only external contributor for this =
release.

    


    
I'd personally like to thank @patricoferris for his help getting this out t=
he door as well as the OCaml Software Foundation and OCamlPro for funding m=
y work on ppxlib.

    


    
Thank you for reading and happy preprocessing!

    

    

    

    

    

    A Proposal for Voluntary AI Disclosure in OCaml Code
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/a-proposal-f=
or-voluntary-ai-disclosure-in-ocaml-code/17950/1

    

    

    

    Anil Madhavapeddy announced
    

    

    
Dear all,

    


    
I've put together an ocaml-ai-disclosure proposal to allow voluntary disclosure of =
AI usage in published OCaml code, using opam metadata and extension attributes in source =
code.

    


    
The repository and blog post have more details, some prototype tooling to extract att=
ributes, and a FAQ, but in a nutshell I'm proposing something very similar =
to a W3C di=
sclosure proposal for HTML.

    

    

    

    Package Disclosures
    

    

    
An opam package can declare its disclosure using extension fields:

    


    x-ai-disclosure: "ai-assisted"
x-ai-model: "claude-opus-4-6"
x-ai-provider: "Anthropic"

    


    
Note: This may just become a list of values in the final proposal, but y=
ou get the idea.

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Module level
    

    

    
OCaml supports extension attributes, which we use via a floating attribute =
that applies to the entire compilation unit:

    


    

    [@@@ai_d=
isclosure "ai-generated"]
[@@@ai_model "claude-opus-4-6"]
[@@@ai_provider "Anthropic"]

let foo =3D ...
let bar =3D ...

    

    


    
These can also be scoped more finely via declaration attributes that apply =
to a single binding:

    


    

    [@@@ai_d=
isclosure "ai-assisted"]

let human_written x=
 =3D ...

let ai_helper y =3D ...
[@@ai_disclosure "ai-generated"]

    

    


    
Disclosure follows a nearest-ancestor inheritance model like the W3C HTML p=
roposal, whereby an explicit annotation overrides the inherited value.

    


    
I wrote a blog=
 post with more details, as well as an FAQ in the proposal repository about some of th=
e implications.

    


    
I couldn't find any other prior art of other language ecosystems trying any=
thing similar, so I'd be interested in hearing about any others you all kno=
w about. If there's no interest in the wider ecosystem in doing this, then =
I'll just use it myself, but I figured there's no harm in starting the disc=
ussion!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Blog: OCaml documentation as markdown
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-ocaml-documentation-as-=
markdown/17951/1

    

    

    

    David Sancho announced
    

    

    
I published a blog post about odoc's markdown backend and how I used it to =
make the melange.re documentation better, hope you like it:

    


    
https:/=
/sancho.dev/blog/ocaml-documentation-as-markdown

    


    
Thanks to @jonludlam @rgrinberg and @Alizter for reviewing the work that ma=
de it possible.

    

    

    

    

    

    hotseat Squava (a tiny LablGtk2 demo)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-hotseat-squava-a-tiny=
-lablgtk2-demo/17957/1

    

    

    

    Damien Guichard announced
    

    

    
https://pastebin.com/Nwu2aC7A

    


    
The Squava bo=
ard game.

    



    

    3D"87c31d9f127f99f1=

    

    


    
Squava 1.1 has no vector graphics, however you can edit/shrink/stretch ./squava.png and the program will adapt the board using the new pi=
xmap.

    



    

    3D"66cc412e804f7d1=

    

    

    

    

    

    

    opentelemetry 0.90 (and associated libraries)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opentelemetry=
-0-90-and-associated-libraries/17958/1

    

    

    

    Simon Cruanes announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I'm thrilled to announce opentelemetry 0.90 (as well as =
opentelemetry-client, opentelemetry-client-cohttp-lwt, =
etc.).

    


    
Opentelemetry is an implementation of https://opentelemetry.io/ for OCaml; it covers both the core client API (for instrumentation of libraries, etc.)=
 and the full SDK with various exporters. =
It is compatible with Trace.

    


    
This release is the result of months of work and is hopefully one of the la=
st before 1.0. The changelog is pretty big, I reworked a=
 lot of things; among others:

    

      

    • move to ocaml-protoc/pbrt 4.0 (with mutable fields and a different code=
gen for protobufs)
      • 

    • the API is closer to guidelines from https://opentelemetry.io (not fully there yet but better)
      • 

    • modularity of the internal processing of signals is much improved, with=
 better code reuse, pluggable ~everything, better queueing/batching, HTTP r=
etries
      • 

    • support for exporting as JSON instead of protobuf
      • 

    • support for trace 0.11, which allows opentelemetry.trace t=
o eschew all its global state except for the global OTEL exporter
      • 

    • better lifecycle and cleanup
      • 

    


    
API documentation can be found here. As always, feedback, bug reports, etc are ve=
ry welcome.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.22
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-22/17912/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Shon announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is pleased to announce the release of dune 3.22.1.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it in our issue tracker.

    

    

    

    Fixed
    

    

      

    • Restore compatibility with Windows 7 (#13905, @nojb)
      • 


    • dune test now runs tests in the default context only. When=
 there is a single context, it is treated as the default. This fixes a cras=
h when the workspace has no context named "default". (#13930, fixes #13904,=
 @Alizter)
      • 


    • Fix dune trace cat --chrome-trace to adhere to the Chrome =
Trace Event Format by providing timestamps and durations at microsecond gra=
nularity (#13911, fixes #13906, @Alizter)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 07 to 14, 2026.

    



    

    Call for presentations: Caml in the Capital II
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-presentati=
ons-caml-in-the-capital-ii/17959/1

    

    

    

    Sacha Ayoun announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone :waving_hand:

    


    
Following the success of the last event, we're organising a second edition =
of Caml In the Capital (happening in London). From talking to the attendees=
 at the first event, we will be doing shorter talks and more socialising =
=F0=9F=8D=95

    


    
So far, we are aiming for May 14th, to be confirmed once we have sec=
ured a venue. Please let us know if this is clashing with another big event=
 off our radar.

    


    
Once we confirm the date and presentations, we'll post here and on the dedi=
cated Zulip channel as well as our website.

    

    

    

    Call for presentations
    

    

    
We're looking for talks that are of interest to the entire OCaml community.
Topics includes (but are not limited to):

    

      

    • OCaml tooling (build systems, package management, lsp, documentation&he=
llip;)
      • 

    • The cool library you're working on
      • 

    • Your OCaml-related research (as long as you make it accessible for peop=
le outside your field)
      • 

    • Some piece of the OCaml ecosystem that you'd like people to hear about =
(ocaml.org, the OCaml Software Foundation, …)
      • 

    • Your industrial use of OCaml
      • 

    • etc.
      • 

    


    
If you=E2=80=99d like to give a talk, please message me or @Alistair direct=
ly with a title and short abstract.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    List your open OCaml positions on the OCaml.org job board
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/list-y=
our-open-ocaml-positions-on-the-ocaml-org-job-board/11377/21

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, VikasK announced
    

    

    
I would like to post this job that we are hiring for.

    



    

    

    

    

    YAMLx: pure-OCaml YAML 1.2/1.1 library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-yamlx-pure-ocaml-ya=
ml-1-2-1-1-library/17970/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I'm excited to announce the availability of YAMLx, a complete implementation of the YAML 1.2 and 1.1 =
standards. It is intended to support most uses of YAML including its use as=
 a configuration file format in new applications and analyzing YAML files o=
f other applications.

    


    
For a fuller description, check out the release notes.

    


    
Get started with opam install yamlx. Then use the yamlx<=
/code> companion command to check that it parses and interprets your favori=
te YAML files correctly.

    


    
Here's an example showing the use of the library to convert YAML to JSON:

    


    

    (* R=
ead YAML from stdin with YAMLx, print JSON to stdout with Yojson

   This is a demo showing how to use the YAMLx library with the default
   settings. 'YAMLx.Values.one_of_yaml_exn' offers options to restrict
   the input language or to force the interpretation as YAML 1.1 instead of
   YAML 1.2.

   Compile with:
     ocamlfind opt -o yaml-to-json \
       -package yamlx,yojson -linkpkg yaml_to_json.ml
*)

open Printf

let rec yojson_of_yamlx (x :<=
span style=3D"color: #444fcf; font-weight: bold;"> YAMLx.value) : Yojson.Safe.t =3D
  match x with
  | Null _ -> `Null
  | Bool (_, x) -> `Bool x
  | Int (_, x) -> `Intlit (Int64.to_string x)
  | Float (_, x) -> `Float x
  | String (_, x) -> `String x
  | Seq (_, xs) -> `List (List.map yojson_of_yamlx xs)
  | Map (_, xs) ->
      `Assoc (List.map (fun (loc, k, match (k =
: YAMLx.value) with
        | String (_, k) -> (k, yo=
json_of_yamlx v)
        | _ ->
            ksprintf fai=
lwith "%s: only string keys are supp=
orted"
              (YAMLx.default_format_loc loc)
      ) xs)

let () =3D
  YAMLx.register_=
exception_printers ();
  stdin
  |> In_channel.input_all
  |> YAMLx.Values.one_of_yaml_exn
  |> yojson_of_yamlx
  |> Yojson.Safe.pretty_to_channel stdout
  |> print_newline

    

    

    

    

    Funding
    

    

    
YAMLx is currently released under the AGPL. There is an ongoing fund=
raiser: once a funding goal is reached, the license will switch to the perm=
issive ISC license for everyone. Donors above a certain threshold re=
ceive an immediate commercial license. See my GitHub Sponsors profile for details.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-letsencrypt, an OCaml way to get TLS certificates
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-oc=
aml-letsencrypt-an-ocaml-way-to-get-tls-certificates/17975/1

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
I am delighted to announce the release of ocaml-letsencrypt (version 2.1.0). This vers=
ion introduces a new API that allows it to operate independently of a sched=
uler and an HTTP client. It is also a rewrite using our brand-new jws library, which now utilises =
the jsont library (rath=
er than yojson).

    


    
ocaml-letsencrypt implements challenges needed to obtain a certificate v=
ia the three ways: DNS, HTTP and ACME-TLS. It therefore enables a website d=
eployment strategy (implemented with Vif, for example) to be provided entirely in OCaml.

    


    
We use it within our cooperative for projects such as:

    

      

    • dns-letsencrypt-secondary, a unikernel that acts as a second=
ary DNS server capable of performing the DNS challenge for a specific domai=
n and generating the certificate and private key. It generally works in tan=
dem with our primary-git, our primary DNS server.
      • 

    • contruno=
, a unikernel that acts as a TLS reverse proxy and is capable of perfor=
ming HTTP challenges. The latter is currently being completely rewritten us=
ing mnet.
      • 

    


    
Good luck with deploying your websites, and happy hacking! Here=E2=80=99s h=
oping that jws also finds its place as a library within the OC=
aml ecosystem.

    

    

    

    


    

    OCaml YAML library
    

    

    
Archive: =
https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-yaml-library/4297/7

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
2026 update:=20

    

      

    • in December 2025, @avsm created a pure-OCaml YAML library in just one d=
ay using an AI agent and wrote about it.
      • 

    • in April 2026, I did something similar and took the time to make it a c=
omplete, production-grade 1.2/1.1 YAML library called YAMLx that I announced here.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    I18n 5.0 =E2=80=94 Internationalisation made easy for any OCam=
l app
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann=
-i18n-5-0-internationalisation-made-easy-for-any-ocaml-app/17981/1

    

    

    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
The Ocsigen team is happy to announce the release of ocsigen-i18n 5.0, a small but practical internationalisation library for OCaml.

    


    
The big change in this release: ocsigen-i18n is no longer tied to Eliom. It=
 can now be used in any OCaml project, with optional extensions for =
Tyxml and Eliom when you need them.

    


    
Ocsigen-i18n was initially written by @sagotch from Be Sport. This release =
has been made possible thanks to the work of Habib, funded by IRILL.

    


    

    
opam install ocsigen-i18n

    

    

    

    

    How it works
    

    

    
Translations are written in a plain TSV file (one key per line, one =
column per language):

    


    foo                 This is a simple key.        Ceci est une cl=C3=A9 tout=
e simple.
a_human             a human                      un humain
bar                 I am {{x}}.                  Je suis {{x}}.
baz                 There {{{c?are||is an}}} apple{{{c?s||}}} here!  Il y a=
 {{{c?des||une}}} pomme{{{c?s||}}} ici !
bu                  I am {{x %s}} ({{n %d}}).    Je suis {{x %s}} ({{n %d}}=
).

    


    
The mini-templating language supports:

    


      

    • {{x}} a string variable ~x
      • 

    • {{x %d}} a typed variable using the given format specifier=

      • 

    • {{{c?yes||no}}} an optional boolean ?c switch=
ing between two strings
      • 

    


    
Then in your code, a PPX extension turns [%i18n key] in=
to the right call:

    


    

    print_endline [%i18n foo];
print_endline [%=
i18n bar ~x:[%i18n a_human]];
print_endline [%=
i18n baz ~c:(nb > 1)];
print_endline [%=
i18n bu ~x=
:"Jean-Michel" ~n:42];

(* Switching language explicitly *)
print_endline [%=
i18n foo ~lang:My_i18n.Fr];

    

    


    
The current language is held in a mutable reference you can swap (or replac=
e with an Eliom scoped reference if you need per-session/tab languages).

    

    

    

    

    Dune integration
    

    

    
The tool plugs into Dune very naturally. Generate the OCaml module from you=
r TSV file with a rule:

    


    

    (rule
 (target example_i18n.ml)
 (deps example_i18n.tsv)
 (action
  (run %{bin:ocsigen-i18n} --languages en,fr --input-file %{deps}
                           --output-file %{target})))

    

    


    
And wire the PPX in your library/executable:

    


    

    (preprocess (pps ocsigen-i18n -- --defaul=
t-module Example_i18n))

    

    


    
That=E2=80=99s all you need for a plain OCaml project.

    

    

    

    

    Tyxml support
    

    

    
Pass --tyxml to the generator and the same [%i18n key] expression now produces a list of Tyxml HTML elements instead =
of a string:

    


    

    (* B=
uilds an HTML fragment, ready to drop into a Tyxml tree *)
let greeting =3D [%i18n bar ~x:[%i18n =
a_human]]

    

    


    
Variables can themselves be lists of HTML nodes, so you can mix translated =
text with markup naturally:

    


    

    [%i18n bar ~x:[ txt "Jean-Michel (=
"
              ; txt (string_of_int id)
              ; txt ")" ]]

    

    


    
If you need a plain string in Tyxml mode (for an attribute, for instance), =
just prefix with S.:

    


    

    [%i18n S.bar ~x=
:[%i18n S.a_human]]   (* string output *)

    

    

    

    

    

    Eliom support
    

    

    
For client=E2=80=93server Eliom apps, pass --eliom. The genera=
tor emits an .eliom file (so the same translations are availab=
le on both sides), implies --tyxml, and adds [@@deriving=
 json] on the language type so you can serialise it across the wire:

    


    

    (rule
 (target example_i18n.eliom)
 (deps example_i18n.tsv)
 (action
  (run %{bin:ocsigen-i18n} --eliom --languages en,fr --input-file %{deps}
                           --output-file %{target})))

    

    

    

    

    

    Multiple TSV files
    

    

    
You can split translations across several files. The PPX uses your module p=
ath to find the right one:

    


    

    [%i18n foo]                          (* default module *)
[%i18n MyI18n.foo]                 =
  (* MyI18n.foo *)
[%i18n MyI18n.S.bar ~x:[%i18n ]=


    

    


    
Optional --prefix / --suffix flags let you keep c=
all-sites concise ([%i18n Feature.foo] =E2=86=92 Pr_Feat=
ure_i18n.foo ()).

    


    
—

    




    
Happy translating!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ATD 4.1.0 - now with YAML support
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-atd-4-1-0-now-with-yaml-s=
upport/17982/1

    

    

    

    Martin Jambon announced
    

    

    
ATD now has OCaml support for=
 conveniently reading data from YAML files as well as from other formats wi=
th minimal effort. It means:

    


      

    1. You define a type for your config data.
      2. 

    2. atdml --mode jsonlike app_config.atd generates the OCaml c=
ode that converts a JSON-like AST containing source locations into your con=
fig data structure.
      3. 

    3. Your program loads a YAML file, converts it to a JSON-like tr=
ee, and then calls the generated function to translate it into an OCaml dat=
a structure.
      4. 

    4. Your application prints useful error messages if the config is malforme=
d or incomplete.
      5. 

    


    
An example is included in the distribution. It uses the rece=
ntly released YAMLx library.

    


    
Note that YAMLx needs generous sponsors to fund t=
he work that was done and unlock a permissive ISC license for everyone. Or you c=
an accept the terms of the AGPL license if you're happy to share your =
application's source code with the users.

    


    
Other input file formats or other YAML libraries can be used similarly with=
 minimum effort as long as source locations are available. For this, you'll=
 need a bridge that converts your AST into the JSON-like AST<=
/a>.

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 14 to 21,
2026.

Table of Contents
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=80

http-date v0.2 =E2=80=94 Zero-dependency HTTP date parsing for OCaml
Caqti 2.3.0
layoutz 0.1.0 =F0=9F=AA=B6 - Zero-dep Elm-style TUIs and terminal plots for=
 your OCaml apps
Dune 3.22
ptt, a mailing list system as unikernel
Mollymawk and Albatross orchestrating all virtual machines
OUPS meetup april 2026
Stk 0.6 released
opam 2.5.1
Restarting OCaml.jp: The OCaml Japan User Group
Code navigation and search on Github
Seeking maintainers for our OCaml SIP server, gRPC, and HTTP/2 libraries
ppx_mixins: slightly more elegant mixin syntax
Experience Report: Refining Dune=E2=80=99s Dependency Graph
First beta release of OCaml 5.5.0
ocgtk 0.1: OCaml bindings for GTK 4 (preview release)
Old CWN


http-date v0.2 =E2=80=94 Zero-dependency HTTP date parsing for OCaml
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=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Bikal Lem announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I just released v0.2 of http-date, an RFC 9110 compliant HTTP datetime
  decoder/encoder for OCaml.

  This is a major rewrite from v0.1. Here's what changed:

  Zero dependencies =E2=80=94 Replaced the ocamllex/menhir parser with a
  hand-written implementation and removed the ptime dependency
  entirely. The library now only requires ocaml and dune.

  New type-safe API =E2=80=94 The parsed result is now a polymorphic variant
  tagged by format (IMF, RFC850, `ASCTIME), so you always know which
  HTTP date format was parsed. The dayname, date, time, and datetime
  types are all exposed in the public API.

  Serious testing =E2=80=94 Added property-based tests with alcobar and AFL=
 fuzz
  testing infrastructure to build confidence in the hand-written parser.

  If you're working with HTTP headers in OCaml, give it a try:

  opam install http-date

  


Caqti 2.3.0
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  Archive: 


Petter A. Urkedal announced
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=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  I would like to announce the release of [Caqti] 2.3.0.

  TL;DR: Consider adding the `caqti.classic' to your link line
  (available since this version).  It currently only re-exports the
  `caqti' library, but will be replaced by a compatibility layer for the
  Caqti 2 API in Caqti 3 to allow incremental migration.


[Caqti] 

Release Notes
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Note that some of the new features of this release are only accessible
  through the still unstable `caqti.template' library, which will soon
  be stabilized as part of an upcoming Caqti 3 API.  Due to adjustments
  to module names, switching to `caqti.template' will not ensure future
  compatibility.  Instead, users are encouraged to add the new
  `caqti.classic' to their dependencies to ease migration to Caqti 3.

  =E2=80=A2 Added an alias `caqti.classic' for the `caqti' library.  This w=
ill
    be turned into a library providing compatibility with the current
    Caqti 2 API when Caqti 3 is released.  The two APIs can be used
    side-by-side to allow incremental migration.

  =E2=80=A2 The dialect descriptor for MariaDB in `caqti.template' now prov=
ides
    the server version.

  =E2=80=A2 Added `Query.parens', `Query.litf', `Query.vars', `Row_type.fie=
lds'
    to the `caqti.template' library.

  =E2=80=A2 Revised the interface for creating row types to allow instantia=
ting
    parametric types applicatively.  Before this change, each
    application of a function representing a parametric type would
    generate a new type ID even when applied to the same type parameter
    argument.  The key part of this interface is the
    `Caqti_template.Constructor_type' module.

  =E2=80=A2 The query functions provided to request templates are now memoi=
zed,
    so that they are only called once per dialect.  This is meant as an
    optimization; it's still good practise to avoid side-effects here.

  =E2=80=A2 The new function `Query.with_pos_of' allows query generators to=
 add
    source locations to the syntax tree, which will be emitted as SQL
    comments in the query string if the `enable_query_annotations' is
    set.  This should simplify debugging when the query is assembled
    from different parts of the application code.

  =E2=80=A2 The still unstable `caqti.template' library now supports multip=
le
    statements in a single request template, sent opportunistically as a
    single query where allowed.  This is still experimental.

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed package scoping of shim rules for sqlite3 (#133 by mefyl).

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed the error classification for the SQLite3 driver (#132).

  =E2=80=A2 Fixed reconnect after connection loss for PostgreSQL.


layoutz 0.1.0 =F0=9F=AA=B6 - Zero-dep Elm-style TUIs and terminal plots for=
 your OCaml apps
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  Archive:
  


Matthieu Court announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello all! Thanks for your feedback last time - [layoutz] now has an
  Elm-style TUI runtime (quite [different in spirit] than (the
  excellent) Minttea) =E2=80=A6 a smoothed API .. and terminal plot built-i=
ns.

  Looking for feedback! Many thanks


[layoutz]


[different in spirit]



Dune 3.22
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  Archive: 


Continuing this thread, Shon announced
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=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The Dune team is pleased to announce [the release of dune 3.22.2].

  This is a patch release consisting of bug fixes. See [the full
  changelog] for all the changes and for attribution to the contributors
  who made it all possible. Thank you, contributors!

  If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it in [our
  issue


[the release of dune 3.22.2]


[the full changelog] 

Fixed
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 Revert the change in behavior of `--diff-command' back to
    3.21. Non-existent files are now passed to this command instead of
    being replaced with /dev/null ([#14098], fixes 13891, [@rgrinberg])


[#14098] 

[@rgrinberg] 


ptt, a mailing list system as unikernel
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Calascibetta Romain announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hey! We just launched a new mailing list powered entirely by OCaml
  unikernels. The website (itself a unikernel) is at
  . You can subscribe to ptt@mailingl.st by sending
  an email to ptt-subscribe@mailingl.st if you're interested in the
  development and deployment of SMTP-related unikernels.

  Fair warning: this is still a *public test* mailing list for now. In
  the long run, it will focus on our ptt project.


The SMTP protocol: a long and winding road!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
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=8C=E2=95=8C

=E2=97=8A In the beginning, email

  It all started with [Mr.MIME], our library for decoding and encoding
  emails. It's a synthesis of the relevant RFCs, but more importantly
  it's been battle-tested against real-world emails from the IEEE,
  [Enron], [KVM] and, most recently, the [caml-list].

  This work also let us build [Hamlet], a database of valid random
  emails generated using a fuzzer.

  Under the hood, Mr.MIME relies on [unstrctrd] for decoding the most
  general form of values found in an email (with internationalisation
  support via [rosetta]) and [prettym] for encoding emails while
  respecting SMTP constraints and (Comment) Folding Whitespace handling.


  [Mr.MIME] 

  [Enron] 

  [KVM] 

  [caml-list]
  

  [Hamlet] 

  [unstrctrd] 

  [rosetta] 

  [prettym] 


=E2=97=8A Next, the protocol

  Then came [colombe], our OCaml implementation of the SMTP protocol. It
  uses [ocaml-tls] for `STARTTLS' support.

  The protocol is supposedly "simple" (though the Internet always has
  surprises in store), but from day one we designed colombe to be
  independent of any scheduler and network layer. That way it slots
  right into unikernels without friction.


  [colombe] 

  [ocaml-tls] 


=E2=97=8A Finally, legitimacy

  On top of these core components, we built several email security
  layers:
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-dkim] handles signing and verifying email integrity in a
    streaming fashion (both for verification and signature generation)
  =E2=80=A2 [uspf] verifies sender identity and, like most of our libraries,
    stays independent of any scheduler or DNS implementation
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-dmarc] automates DKIM and SPF verification, stamps emails
    with the result, and checks alignment across a domain name
  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-arc](github.com/robur-coop/ocaml-arc) lets you verify and
    sign emails to complete a chain of trust when an email passes
    through multiple SMTP servers (which is exactly what happens with a
    mailing list)

  We wrote a short article about all of this [here].


  [ocaml-dkim] 

  [uspf] 

  [ocaml-dmarc] 

  [here]
  


All in the form of unikernels
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Our first experiments already showed that we [could handle emails]
  with MirageOS unikernels. But we also hit real limitations: memory
  leaks, security vulnerabilities, and build issues.

  So we decided to start fresh, and take the opportunity to fully
  embrace OCaml 5 and effects. We rebuilt the key pieces from scratch:
  =E2=80=A2 a new effect-based scheduler: [Miou]/[Mkernel]
  =E2=80=A2 a much more complete TCP/IP stack: [Mnet]
  =E2=80=A2 a new FAT32 file system: [Mfat]

  `ptt' is built on this new stack, and so far we haven=E2=80=99t observed =
any
  memory leaks (thanks to [mkernel-memtrace] for tracing memory usage,
  viewable via [memtrace-viewer]). The CVEs related to [mirage-tcpip]
  were taken into account during ~mnet~=E2=80=99s development, and the build
  story is much simpler now. A GitHub action can build and actually run
  the unikernel to test it, as you can see with [mnet].

  Other unikernels using this approach are available too. If you=E2=80=99re
  curious, check out [this tutorial] on creating a unikernel in OCaml.


[could handle emails] 

[Miou] 

[Mkernel] 

[Mnet] 

[Mfat] 

[mkernel-memtrace] 

[memtrace-viewer] 

[mirage-tcpip] 

[mnet] 

[this tutorial] 


Deployment
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  `ptt' also tackles the deployment question. We have [an article]
  presenting the "stateless" aspect of `ptt'. We'd also like to
  (re)introduce [Albatross](github.com/robur-coop/albatross), our secure
  unikernel orchestrator, and [Mollymawk], a web interface for deploying
  unikernels (which is itself a unikernel).

  More broadly, this is what [our cooperative] is working towards: we
  really want to improve the user experience, whether you're a developer
  or a deployer. We believe that actually developing, deploying, and
  using our unikernels is the only way to get them adopted more
  widely. So make sure to follow us on these projects too!


[an article] 

[Mollymawk] 

[our cooperative] 


Usage
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Along the way, we found it really helpful to have a tool that lets you
  track every stage of an email=E2=80=99s lifecycle. That=E2=80=99s how [`b=
laze'] came
  about: a Swiss Army knife for handling emails.

  It=E2=80=99s still experimental, but it already lets you:
  =E2=80=A2 use our archive system (generate, read, index, etc.)
  =E2=80=A2 handle other archives such as `mbox' or `maildir'
  =E2=80=A2 communicate via the POP3 protocol
  =E2=80=A2 sign and verify emails (DKIM and ARC)
  =E2=80=A2 build emails from the command line
  =E2=80=A2 send emails
  =E2=80=A2 run a small local SMTP server

  `blaze' is how we iterate on our library APIs and validate
  implementations. It=E2=80=99s experimental, but it=E2=80=99s gradually tu=
rning into a
  full email client.


[`blaze'] 

=E2=97=8A Archiving & Indexing

  We'd also like to present the [stem] project, which extracts word
  roots from a document (such as an email) and tokenises them to get
  something analysable without the complexity of natural language. This
  tokenisation is what powers our small [bm25] search engine. You can
  see results [here].

  This is also what drives our caml-list search engine, available as a
  unikernel: [blame], which you can try at
   (powered by [vif]).

  Beyond search, there's also email indexing via Message-IDs. For that
  we built [bancos]: a *persistent* radix tree in OCaml that supports
  *parallel* access! More details [here].

  Finally, our indexing system uses the PACKv2 format (the same one Git
  uses to store objects), implemented by the [carton] library. It has
  proven its stability through the [ocaml-git] project, so we decided to
  reuse it for archiving emails (much like [public-inbox] did, though in
  a different form).


  [stem] 

  [bm25] 

  [here]
  

  [blame] 

  [vif] 

  [bancos] 

  [here] 

  [carton] 

  [ocaml-git] 

  [public-inbox] 


Conclusion
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Thanks to all this work, OCaml now has a solid set of email-related
  projects. This journey started back in 2016 and there's still a long
  way to go, as we always aim to offer robu(r)st, battle-tested
  solutions. Unlike some implementations in other languages (though we
  are in discussion with folks in the Rust community), ours actually
  adhere to the standards!

  It may not seem like a big deal, and you won't see any major
  difference when just exchanging emails, but we believe this approach
  paves the way for a better internet. In the form of unikernels, it
  represents a genuine reclaiming of the means of communication!


Mollymawk and Albatross orchestrating all virtual machines
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Hannes Mehnert announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Dear everyone,

  we just finished and deployed [Albatross] and [Mollymawk] to support
  virtual machines that are not MirageOS unikernels.

  The reasoning is simple: we embedded so many nice features (metrics,
  console output, deploying via web UI, multi-tenant, startup
  dependencies, restart-on-failure,..) that we really wanted to deploy
  our non-MirageOS virtual machines as well with the same mechanism and
  don't have duplicated code all over.

  For the time being, it only supports FreeBSD BHyve, but let us know if
  you're interested in other virtualization technologies and we will
  prioritize that work!

  We also wrote a brief blog article with screenshots:
  


[Albatross] 

[Mollymawk] 


OUPS meetup april 2026
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


ancolie announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80

  The next OUPS meetup will take place on *Wednesday, 29th of April*
  2026. It will start at *6:30pm* at the *45 rue d'Ulm* in Paris. It
  will be in the in the *Rataud amphitheater*.

  :warning: It's not in Jussieu as usual but in ENS Ulm! If you're not
  familiar with the place, there is a [map of the buildings].

  Please, *[register on meetup ]* as soon as possible to let us know how
  many pizza we should order.

  For more details, you may check the [OUPS=E2=80=99 website ].

  Moreover, we=E2=80=99d like to announce that the organizing team moved to=
 the
  [OCaml Zulip]. Feel free to contact us there if you=E2=80=99d like to sug=
gest
  talks.

  =E2=80=94

  This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

  *When Turing machines meet GADTs =E2=80=93 Florian Angeletti*

  Have you ever wondered why one needs to write down explicit
  unreachable clauses in a GADT-pattern matching? Or how much
  computation one can sneak inside an OCaml type?

  This talk proposes to answers those questions and more with a deep
  dive into GADTs, the OCaml compiler implementation of the
  exhaustiveness checking for pattern match, and how to best trick the
  typechecker into finding the BB(3) champion by itself.

  *Extending OCaml's pattern matching =E2=80=93 Yanni Lefki*

  Pattern matching has been studied for decades and has been the subject
  of extensive research and numerous extensions. Nevertheless, recent
  language features=E2=80=94such as Rust=E2=80=99s if-let construct, and re=
cent work
  such as Cheng and Parreaux (OOPSLA 2024), suggest that there is still
  room for improvement. We propose a streamlined approach that unifies
  pattern matching with extended forms of conditionals.

  In particular, our prototype introduces binding-boolean-expressions,
  which allow variables to be bound within pattern guards, within
  if-conditions (and subsequently used in the then branch), and within
  while-conditions (and used in the loop body). Our system also
  incorporates Haskell-style views, enabling the definition of smart
  deconstructors, the dual of smart constructors.

  In this talk, we present an ML-like language equipped with evaluation
  rules, typing rules, and a simple compilation scheme. We conclude with
  a demonstration of our implementation: an OCaml PPX prototype that
  parses an extended ML syntax exposing these constructs, type-checks
  programs according to our (highly intuitive!) rules, and translates
  them into a correct OCaml AST via our (non-optimizing) transformation.

  =E2=80=94

  After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the [OCaml
  Software Foundation] and later on we=E2=80=99ll move to a pub nearby as u=
sual.


[map of the buildings]


[register on meetup ]


[OUPS=E2=80=99 website ] 

[OCaml Zulip] 

[OCaml Software Foundation] 


Stk 0.6 released
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Zoggy announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  Stk is a SDL-based graphical user interface toolkit. Its interface is
  inspired by Gtk and should look familiar to developers using Lablgtk.

  Stk 0.6 is available. Among changes listed [here], this release
  introduces [Tooltips] and [handling of user's configuration],
  including user-defined themes.

  The `stk*' packages are available from my [personal opam repository].


[here] 

[Tooltips]


[handling of user's configuration]


[personal opam repository] 


opam 2.5.1
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive: 


Kate announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hi everyone,

  opam 2.5.1 is now available. This release is fixing a security issue
  ([OSEC-2026-03]) and other minor things. /Thanks to [@andrew] for
  reporting this issue./

  We invite everyone to upgrade to 2.5.1 as soon as possible.

  If you depend on the older opam package of your preferred
  distribution, distributions such as Debian Stable have already started
  backporting the relevant fix and the patched version should be
  available there very soon.

  You can read our [blog post] for relevant links and details.


[OSEC-2026-03]


[@andrew] 

[blog post] 

Try it!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

  For Unix systems
        bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL
        ) =E2=80=93version 2.5.1"
  or from PowerShell for Windows systems
        Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod
        ) } -Version 2.5.1"
  Please report any issues to the [bug-tracker].

  Happy hacking,

  <> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:


[bug-tracker] 


Restarting OCaml.jp: The OCaml Japan User Group
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


mt_caret announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80

  Dear OCaml community,

  We're excited to announce the relaunch of *OCaml.jp*
  ([https://ocaml.jp/]), the OCaml Japan User Group!

  Our goal is to grow and energize the OCaml community in Japan by
  bringing together users to foster broader adoption and deeper
  engagement with OCaml across the country.


[https://ocaml.jp/] 

Current Activities
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  We've already kicked off a couple of initiatives:

  =E2=80=A2 *OCaml Weekly News - Japanese Edition*: We're maintaining a Jap=
anese
     translation of the OCaml Weekly News at [https://ocaml.jp/cwn-ja/],
     making it easier for Japanese speakers to stay up to date with the
     latest happenings in the OCaml ecosystem.
  =E2=80=A2 *OCaml Meetup in Tokyo (August 2026)*: We are currently prepari=
ng to
     host an OCaml Meetup in Tokyo this August, the first one in [over
     ten years]! More details will be shared soon; please stay tuned!


[https://ocaml.jp/cwn-ja/] 

[over ten years] 


Join Us!
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  We're using *Discord* as our primary communication platforms. Whether
  you're based in Japan, are a Japanese-speaking OCaml enthusiast
  anywhere in the world, or simply want to connect with the Japanese
  OCaml community, we'd love to have you join us!

  Please use the following link to join Discord:
  [https://discord.gg/qQTbny8KF4]

  We look forward to building a vibrant OCaml community in Japan
  together. =E3=82=88=E3=82=8D=E3=81=97=E3=81=8F=E3=81=8A=E9=A1=98=E3=81=84=
=E3=81=97=E3=81=BE=E3=81=99=EF=BC=81


[https://discord.gg/qQTbny8KF4] 


Code navigation and search on Github
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  Archive:
  


Pieter Goetschalckx announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  GitHub is now using [tree-sitter-ocaml] for [code navigation] and
  [code search].

  =E2=80=A2 Code highlighting should be more accurate (compared to the old
    TextMate grammar) and supports all features up to OCaml 5.4.
  =E2=80=A2 There is a symbols side panel for each file.
  =E2=80=A2 You can click on symbols to find definitions and references.
  =E2=80=A2 You can [search for definitions].
  =E2=80=A2 There is limited support for [nested structures].

  They enabled it [a few months ago] already, but I forgot to post it
  here.

  The code navigation is not always 100% accurate, but good enough to be
  helpful. If you encounter any issues with incorrectly highlighted
  code, this could be a tree-sitter-ocaml issue.


[tree-sitter-ocaml] 

[code navigation]


[code search]


[search for definitions]


[nested structures]


[a few months ago] 


Seeking maintainers for our OCaml SIP server, gRPC, and HTTP/2 libraries
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Wojtek Czekalski announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80

  As we're moving off OCaml at [dialo], we'd like to donate the
  libraries we built to people who will properly maintain them. We built
  a highly performant telephony system using OCaml, but as a small team
  we ended up maintaining too much software for our liking.

  We initially built a SIP server implementation in OCaml, which was a
  perfect fit. We needed to connect it to the rest of our system in a
  language agnostic way. We chose gRPC and that's where things got
  difficult.

  At a smaller scale our own buggy implementation of gRPC on top of [h2]
  was good enough. Then we started scaling and at the same time
  transitioned to OCaml 5.0. The combination of those factors resulted
  in:

  1. Performance regressions in 5.0 related to memory management, both
     inside of app code, SIP stack, and inside of h2.
  2. We needed a more robust implementation of gRPC to handle errors and
     edge cases better.

  Long story short we ended up:

  1. Writing our own implementation of [http2]
  2. Rewriting the gRPC library exclusively for eio to limit the scope
     together with [decent codegen] and robust

  Then, in late 2025, we had to add new features to the SIP server and
  something inside us just broke. The SIP server had accumulated quite a
  bit of legacy code over 3.5 years, so we wanted to rewrite some
  parts. We were extremely excited to build the new architecture
  centered around effects =E2=80=94 [only to discover that user-space effec=
ts
  and concurrency libraries don't really work well together], since
  callbacks lose their scope (duh). That was the final straw.

  We decided to run two 1-week stints to try rewriting the service in
  Rust and Go. We ended up choosing Rust. We still miss OCaml, but not
  having to implement and maintain our own http2/grpc/sip stack is a
  breath of fresh air.

  So here we are =E2=80=94 we're gradually removing OCaml from our stack, a=
nd
  that's why we'd like to donate:

  =E2=80=A2 [ocaml-grpc] - the new code is on `dialo' branch, eio only at t=
he
    moment, battle tested on production. It does have some bugs in it
    but few and it's pretty solid.
  =E2=80=A2 [haha (http2)] - overall good but could be better. We cancel fi=
bers
    too often, it's a very low hanging fruit to make it much faster.
  =E2=80=A2 Our SIP stack =E2=80=94 this is currently not open source, but =
we're happy
    to share the source code with the right person or team.

  Please write dms to me and feel free to ask me or @adamchol about
  specifics.


[dialo] 

[h2] 

[http2] 

[decent codegen]


[only to discover that user-space effects and concurrency libraries
don't really work well together]


[ocaml-grpc] 

[haha (http2)] 


ppx_mixins: slightly more elegant mixin syntax
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Sacha Ayoun announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  Hello,

  I've written a tiny ppx called [`ppx_mixins'] so that one can write:
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type u [@@mixins Map.OrderedType + Printable]
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  which gets desugared to
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type u
  =E2=94=82 include Map.OrderedType with type t :=3D u
  =E2=94=82 include Printable with type t :=3D u
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  Not much but increases readability in a codebase that uses the "mixin"
  pattern a lot


[`ppx_mixins'] 

Constructing type signatures
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  In the upcoming release, one can also write
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 module type M =3D [%mixins Map.OrderedType + Printable]
  =E2=94=82 (* desugars to *)
  =E2=94=82 module type M =3D sig=20
  =E2=94=82    type t=20
  =E2=94=82    include Map.OrderedType with type t :=3D t
  =E2=94=82    include Printable with type t :=3D t
  =E2=94=82 end
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Additional features
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  One can also override other types, e.g.
  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 type u [@@mixins Mappable(key =3D int; value :=3D v)]
  =E2=94=82 (* desugars to *)
  =E2=94=82 type u
  =E2=94=82 include Mappable with type t :=3D u and type key =3D int and ty=
pe value :=3D v
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80


Limitations
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  =E2=80=A2 No support for parametric types, e.g. `with type 'a u =3D 'a v'
  =E2=80=A2 No support for tuple and function types, e.g. `with type t =3D =
int ->
    bool'

  This is because the preprocessor parses the payload as an expression,
  and these don't parse nicely a expressions.  Deeper support (e.g. for
  mixins with type parameters) would probably also require language
  support.


Experience Report: Refining Dune=E2=80=99s Dependency Graph
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
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=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Robin Bate Boerop announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  *Refining Dune's Dependency Graph: Per-Module Library Filtering*

  I've been working on improving Dune's inter-library dependency
  tracking, and wanted to share the experience =E2=80=94 both the technical
  details and what it's like as a first-time contributor to this large
  open source OCaml project.


The Problem I Took On
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  When `libA' depends on `libB', Dune gives every module in `libA' a
  glob dependency on /all/ `.cmi' files in `libB'. If any `.cmi' in
  `libB' changes, every module in `libA' is recompiled =E2=80=94 even modul=
es
  that never reference `libB'.

  For projects with many libraries, this creates a cascade of
  unnecessary recompilations. The issue that tracks this matter [#4572]
  has been open since 2021.


[#4572] 


My Approach
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Dune already runs `ocamldep' to compute intra-library module
  dependencies. The key insight: that same output tells us which
  /libraries/ each module references, via their entry module names. We
  can use this to filter both the build dependencies and the `-I~/'-H~
  compiler flags per-module.

  The implementation ([PR #14116] and [PR #14186]) works as follows:

  1. For each module and its transitive intra-library dependencies, read
     the `ocamldep' output (both `.ml' and `.mli')
  2. Union all referenced module names, including `-open' flags
  3. Map those names to libraries via a `Lib_index'
  4. Transitively close the filtered library set via `Lib.closure'
  5. Use the result for both hidden deps and `-I~/'-H~ compiler flags,
     partitioning into direct (visible via `-I') and hidden (via `-H')
     based on `requires_compile' membership

  With both deps and flags filtered, a clean build will fail if a module
  references a library it doesn't declare =E2=80=94 previously, overly-broad
  `-I' flags could mask such errors.


[PR #14116] 

[PR #14186] 


A False Start
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  My first attempt ([PR #14021]) tried to implement the filtering in a
  single PR without sufficient test coverage. It was closed after review
  revealed that the approach was fragile in edge cases I hadn't
  anticipated =E2=80=94 particularly around transparent module aliases and
  virtual libraries.


[PR #14021] 


Challenges
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  *Transparent module aliases.* OCaml's module alias mechanism means
   `ocamldep' doesn't always report all libraries a module transitively
   depends on. If `libB' has `module M =3D LibC.Something', and a module
   in `libA' uses `LibB.M', `ocamldep' reports `LibB' but not
   `LibC'. The fix: transitively close the filtered library set using
   `Lib.closure', bounded by the compilation context.

  *Root modules.* The `(root_module)' stanza creates a module that
   implicitly aliases all libraries in the compilation context. When
   `ocamldep' reports a reference to a root module, we can't determine
   which underlying libraries are actually needed, so we fall back to
   the full dependency set.

  *Virtual libraries.* When virtual library implementations are present
   in the compilation context, parameter libraries may not appear in
   `requires_compile', so filtering could miss them. Another fallback
   case.

  *Menhir-generated modules.* These mock modules aren't in the
   `ocamldep' dependency graph, so we skip filtering for them.

  *Null build overhead.* The filtering reads `.d' files and computes
   library closures per-module. On a fresh `dune' process (no memo
   cache), this is new work on every build =E2=80=94 including null builds =
where
   nothing changed. This is a real trade-off: better incremental rebuild
   performance at the cost of some null-build overhead.


Prerequisite Test PRs
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Before the implementation PRs, I submitted six test-only PRs to
  document existing behavior and establish a safety net:

  =E2=80=A2 [#14017] =E2=80=94 Baseline tests documenting current inter-lib=
rary
    recompilation behavior
  =E2=80=A2 [#14031] =E2=80=94 Test documenting module name shadowing betwe=
en stanzas
    and libraries
  =E2=80=A2 [#14100] =E2=80=94 Test verifying library file deps in compilat=
ion rules and
    sandboxed builds
  =E2=80=A2 [#14101] =E2=80=94 Test verifying transparent alias incremental=
 build safety
  =E2=80=A2 [#14129] =E2=80=94 Test verifying incremental builds with alias=
 re-exported
    libraries
  =E2=80=A2 [#14178] =E2=80=94 Test documenting `ocamldep' behavior with tr=
ansparent
    alias chains

  This made the implementation PRs' diffs focused on the actual change,
  and gave reviewers confidence that existing behavior was preserved. It
  also helped me understand the edge cases that tripped up my first
  attempt.


[#14017] 

[#14031] 

[#14100] 

[#14101] 

[#14129] 

[#14178] 


The Review Process
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C

  The Dune maintainers ([@rgrinberg] and [@art-w]) provided thorough,
  constructive reviews. Some highlights:

  =E2=80=A2 Replacing my hand-rolled transitive closure with `Lib.closure' =
from
    the existing library =E2=80=94 a cleaner approach I wouldn't have found
    without familiarity with Dune's internals
  =E2=80=A2 Identifying that both `.ml' and `.mli' ocamldep output need to =
be
    read, since the interface can reference different libraries than the
    implementation
  =E2=80=A2 Suggesting per-module `-I~/'-H~ flag filtering, which makes cle=
an
    builds more precise and improves caching
  =E2=80=A2 Questioning every fallback case and special-cased module kind,
    leading to simpler code

  The PRs went through significant refactoring during review =E2=80=94 the =
final
  versions are substantially tighter than the initial submissions.


[@rgrinberg] 

[@art-w] 


What Could Be Better
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  Working on this was a positive experience overall, but a few things
  created friction:

  *No way to benchmark before merging.* The null-build overhead question
   came up late in the process. I discovered through manual benchmarking
   that the change added \~70% to null build time =E2=80=94 a significant
   regression. Dune's benchmark CI workflow runs only on pushes to main,
   not on PRs. Contributor-accessible performance tooling would help
   catch regressions before they land.

  *Review momentum vs. rebasing.* The test PRs merged quickly, but the
   implementation PR required multiple rounds of review over
   days. Between rounds, main moves forward, requiring rebases that risk
   introducing conflicts. The contributor carries the burden of keeping
   branches fresh. This is compounded when PRs depend on each other =E2=80=
=94
   every rebase of #14116 required rebasing #14186 as well. GitHub has
   no first-class support for PR stacks, so this is manual and
   error-prone. Of course, all GitHub-hosted repos suffer from this.

  *Flaky CI*. Many CI runs had errors that were not related to my
   code. It was often an upstream provider of an OCaml package that was
   unreachable or faulty (temporarily). These problems often resolved
   themselves, but caused day-long delays in the PR lifetimes. The
   problem stems from the setup code that is run and re-run over and
   over in CI jobs.


Reflections
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The Dune codebase is well-structured, with clear separation between
  the build engine, rule generation, and scheduler. It is also of good
  quality, making it feel like time spent on keeping the quality high is
  worthwhile.

  I found the cram test infrastructure good for testing. Each test
  scenario is a self-contained shell script with expected output, making
  it easy to document and verify exact recompilation behavior. It
  inspires confidence in the code.

  The maintainers have been responsive and the review process, while
  slowed by thoroughness, is collaborative and professional. Thank you,
  maintainers!


Steffen Smolka then replied
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

        GitHub has no first-class support for PR stacks

  It does now: 


First beta release of OCaml 5.5.0
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


octachron announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  With most developer tools available and the good stability of the
  compiler, I am happy to announce the first beta release of OCaml
  5.5.0.

  Compared to the last alpha, this new version improves the manpage for
  ocamlopt and fixes:

  =E2=80=A2 two runtime bugs (for ephemerons and the bytecode interpreter)
  =E2=80=A2 two type system bugs (for classes and module-dependent function=
s)
  =E2=80=A2 three warning or error message bugs

  (See the Changelog below for a full list).

  Concerning the associated compiler tools, most of them are already
  available (as least in a preview version), and there are patches in
  progress for the remaining ones. You can track the last remaining
  update efforts on the [release readiness meta-issue].

  Thus, it should be safe to test your libraries and programs with the
  new version OCaml 5.5.0 version in preparation of the final release.
  If everything goes well, we might see a release in May.

  If you find any bugs, please report them to the [GitHub issue
  tracker].

  If you are interested by the full list of new features and bug fixes,
  the [changelog for OCaml 5.5.0] is the most up-to-date resource.


  Happy hacking, Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.


[release readiness meta-issue]


[GitHub issue tracker] 

[changelog for OCaml 5.5.0]


Installation Instructions
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the
  following commands on opam 2.1 and later:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.5.0~beta1
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

  =E2=80=A2 GitHub: 
  =E2=80=A2 OCaml archives at Inria:
    


Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C

  If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch
  to the option variant with:


  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam update
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create  ocaml-variants.5.5.0~beta1+opt=
ions 
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  where `option_list' is a space separated list of `ocaml-option-*'
  packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array switch:

  =E2=94=8C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80
  =E2=94=82 opam switch create 5.5.0~beta1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.5.=
0~beta1+options ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array
  =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  All available options can be listed with `opam search ocaml-option'.


Changes compared to the last alpha
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=
=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=
=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=95=8C=E2=
=95=8C

=E2=97=8A Documentation update

  =E2=80=A2 [#14684]: Improve ocamlopt's manual page (Samuel Hym, review by
    Florian Angeletti)


  [#14684] 


=E2=97=8A Runtime fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#14644], [#14647]: Fix a bug related to unhandled effects in
    bytecode.  (Vincent Laviron, report by Thibaut Mattio, review by
    Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Stephen Dolan and Olivier Nicole)
  =E2=80=A2 [#14349], [#14718]: runtime, fix in the orphaning of ephemerons
    (Gabriel Scherer, review by Olivier Nicole and Damien Doligez,
    report by Jan Midtgaard)


  [#14644] 

  [#14647] 

  [#14349] 

  [#14718] 


=E2=97=8A Type system fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#14557], [#12150], [#14696]: ensure that the self type of class
    cannot escape through type constraints.  (Leo White, review by
    Florian Angeletti)
  =E2=80=A2 [#14667]: enable application related warnings for module-depend=
ent
    functions (Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)


  [#14557] 

  [#12150] 

  [#14696] 

  [#14667] 


=E2=97=8A Error messages and warning fixes

  =E2=80=A2 [#14690]: Fix `Name_type_mismatch' error message when the expec=
ted
    type is an alias: print the expanded path on the right-hand side of
    the equality, not the alias twice.  (Weixie Cui, review by Florian
    Angeletti)
  =E2=80=A2 [#14719], [#14721]: compute arity correctly for module-dependent
    function (Florian Angeletti, report by Jeremy Yallop, review by
    Stefan Muenzel)
  =E2=80=A2 [#14655], [#14691]: check for size overflow in caml_ba_reshape
    (Stephen Dolan, review by Xavier Leroy)


  [#14690] 

  [#14719] 

  [#14721] 

  [#14655] 

  [#14691] 


ocgtk 0.1: OCaml bindings for GTK 4 (preview release)
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=
=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=
=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  Archive:
  


Continuing this thread, Chris Armstrong announced
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=
=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=
=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=E2=94=80

  /ocgtk preview1 release has landed in opam./

  (preview0 was abandoned as considerable work was required to get it
  building on other Linux distributions and Mac). A special thanks to
  @jmid for helping me get it over the line.

  In addition to the features above, it includes:

  =E2=80=A2 Extended support for more GLib types, including integer primiti=
ves
    (guint8, int16, guint32, etc) and lists (GLib.SList and GLib.List)
  =E2=80=A2 Gobject interfaces

  The combination of the above enables more methods to be generated
  (that were previously excluded) when they include those types in their
  parameters and/or return types, opening up much more of the API
  surface of GTK (and related libraries).

  *Next steps*: my focus now is on internal cleanup and reorganisation
   to better structure the tests and split gir_gen (the GObject code
   generator) into a seperate dune project. This will reduce the
   dependency list considerably and enable targeting earlier OCaml
   versions, as well as reducing release headaches related to gir_gen
   (which is not required by packages just using ocgtk)


Old CWN
=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90=E2=95=90

  If you happen to miss a CWN, you can [send me a message] and I'll mail
  it to you, or go take a look at [the archive] or the [RSS feed of the
  archives].

  If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe
  to the [caml-list].

  [Alan Schmitt]


[send me a message] 

[the archive] 

[RSS feed of the archives] 

[caml-list] 

[Alan Schmitt] 


--==-=-=
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable








OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 14 to 21, 2026.

    



    

    http-date v0.2 =E2=80=94 Zero-dependency HTTP date parsing for=
 OCaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an=
n-http-date-v0-2-zero-dependency-http-date-parsing-for-ocaml/17984/1

    

    

    

    Bikal Lem announced
    

    

    
I just released v0.2 of http-date, an RFC 9110 compliant HTTP datetime deco=
der/encoder for OCaml.=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20

    


    
This is a major rewrite from v0.1. Here's what changed:=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    


    
Zero dependencies =E2=80=94 Replaced the ocamllex/menhir parser with a hand=
-written implementation and removed the ptime=20=20=20=20=20=20=20
dependency entirely. The library now only requires ocaml and dune.

    


    
New type-safe API =E2=80=94 The parsed result is now a polymorphic variant =
tagged by format (IMF,=20
RFC850, `ASCTIME), so you=20=20=20=20
always know which HTTP date format was parsed. The dayname, date, time, and=
 datetime types are all exposed in the
public API.=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20

    


    
Serious testing =E2=80=94 Added property-based tests with alcobar and AFL f=
uzz testing infrastructure to build confidence in
the hand-written parser.

    


    
If you're working with HTTP headers in OCaml, give it a try:=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20

    


    
opam install http-date=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=20=
=20=20=20=20=20

    


    
https://github.com/bikall=
em/http-date

    

    

    

    

    

    Caqti 2.3.0
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-caqti-2-3-0/17985/1

    

    

    

    Petter A. Urkedal announced
    

    

    
I would like to announce the release of Caqti 2.3.0.

    


    
TL;DR: Consider adding the caqti.classic to your link line (av=
ailable since this version).  It currently only re-exports the caqti<=
/code> library, but will be replaced by a compatibility layer for the Caqti=
 2 API in Caqti 3 to allow incremental migration.

    

    

    

    Release Notes
    

    

    
Note that some of the new features of this release are only accessible
through the still unstable caqti.template library, which will =
soon be
stabilized as part of an upcoming Caqti 3 API.  Due to adjustments to module
names, switching to caqti.template will not ensure future comp=
atibility.
Instead, users are encouraged to add the new caqti.classic to =
their
dependencies to ease migration to Caqti 3.

    


      

    • Added an alias caqti.classic for the caqti li=
brary.  This will be
turned into a library providing compatibility with the current Caqti 2
API when Caqti 3 is released.  The two APIs can be used side-by-side to
allow incremental migration.
      • 


    • The dialect descriptor for MariaDB in caqti.template now p=
rovides the
server version.
      • 


    • Added Query.parens, Query.litf, Query.v=
ars, Row_type.fields to
the caqti.template library.
      • 


    • Revised the interface for creating row types to allow instantiating
parametric types applicatively.  Before this change, each application of
a function representing a parametric type would generate a new type ID
even when applied to the same type parameter argument.  The key part of
this interface is the Caqti_template.Constructor_type module.<=
/li>


    • The query functions provided to request templates are now memoized, so
that they are only called once per dialect.  This is meant as an
optimization; it's still good practise to avoid side-effects here.
      • 


    • The new function Query.with_pos_of allows query generators=
 to add
source locations to the syntax tree, which will be emitted as SQL
comments in the query string if the enable_query_annotations i=
s set.
This should simplify debugging when the query is assembled from
different parts of the application code.
      • 


    • The still unstable caqti.template library now supports mul=
tiple
statements in a single request template, sent opportunistically as a
single query where allowed.  This is still experimental.
      • 


    • Fixed package scoping of shim rules for sqlite3 (#133 by mefyl).
      • 


    • Fixed the error classification for the SQLite3 driver (#132).
      • 


    • Fixed reconnect after connection loss for PostgreSQL.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    layoutz 0.1.0 =F0=9F=AA=B6 - Zero-dep Elm-style TUIs and termi=
nal plots for your OCaml apps
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.=
ocaml.org/t/ann-layoutz-0-1-0-zero-dep-elm-style-tuis-terminal-plots-for-yo=
ur-ocaml-apps/17986/1

    

    

    

    Matthieu Court announced
    

    

    
Hello all! Thanks for your feedback last time - layoutz now has an Elm=
-style TUI runtime (quite different in spirit than (the excellent)=
 Minttea) =E2=80=A6 a smoothed API .. and terminal plot built-ins.

    


    
Looking for feedback! Many thanks

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.22
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-22/17912/3

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Shon announced
    

    

    
The Dune team is pleased to announce the release of dune 3.22.2.

    


    
This is a patch release consisting of bug fixes. See the full changelog for all the =
changes and for attribution to the contributors who made it all possible. T=
hank you, contributors!

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, please report it in [our issue

    

    

    

    Fixed
    

    

      

    • Revert the change in behavior of --diff-command back to 3.=
21. Non-existent files are now passed to this command instead of being repl=
aced with /dev/null (#=
14098, fixes 13891, @rgrinberg=
)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ptt, a mailing list system as unikernel
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ptt-a-mailing-list=
-system-as-unikernel/17987/1

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain announced
    

    

    
Hey! We just launched a new mailing list powered entirely by OCaml unikerne=
ls. The website (itself a unikernel) is at =
https://mailingl.st. You can subscribe to ptt@mailingl.st by sending an=
 email to ptt-subscribe@mailingl.st if you're interested in the development=
 and deployment of SMTP-related unikernels.

    


    
Fair warning: this is still a public test mailing list for now. In t=
he long run, it will focus on our ptt project.

    

    

    

    The SMTP protocol: a long and winding road!
    

    

    

      

    • In the beginning, email
      

      

      
It all started with Mr.MIME, our library for decoding and encoding emails. It's a synthesis of the re=
levant RFCs, but more importantly it's been battle-tested against real-worl=
d emails from the IEEE, Enron, KVM and, most recently, the <=
a href=3D"https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/is-there-a-public-archive-for-the-cam=
l-list/16374/6?u=3Ddinosaure">caml-list.

      


      
This work also let us build Ha=
mlet, a database of valid random emails generated using a fuzzer.

      


      
Under the hood, Mr.MIME relies on unstrctrd for decoding the most general form of values found =
in an email (with internationalisation support via rosetta) and prettym for encoding emails while respecting SMTP constrai=
nts and (Comment) Folding Whitespace handling.

      

      

      • 

    • Next, the protocol
      

      

      
Then came colombe, our OC=
aml implementation of the SMTP protocol. It uses ocaml-tls for STARTTLS support.

      


      
The protocol is supposedly "simple" (though the Internet always has surpris=
es in store), but from day one we designed colombe to be independent of any=
 scheduler and network layer. That way it slots right into unikernels witho=
ut friction.

      

      

      • 

    • Finally, legitimacy
      

      

      
On top of these core components, we built several email security layers:

      

        

      • ocaml-dkim handles=
 signing and verifying email integrity in a streaming fashion (both for ver=
ification and signature generation)
        • 

      • uspf verifies sender ide=
ntity and, like most of our libraries, stays independent of any scheduler o=
r DNS implementation
        • 

      • ocaml-dmarc au=
tomates DKIM and SPF verification, stamps emails with the result, and check=
s alignment across a domain name
        • 

      • [ocaml-arc](github.com/robur-coop/ocaml-arc) lets you verify and sign e=
mails to complete a chain of trust when an email passes through multiple SM=
TP servers (which is exactly what happens with a mailing list)
        • 

      


      
We wrote a short article about all of this here.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    All in the form of unikernels
    

    

    
Our first experiments already showed that we could handle emails with MirageOS unikernels. B=
ut we also hit real limitations: memory leaks, security vulnerabilities, an=
d build issues.

    


    
So we decided to start fresh, and take the opportunity to fully embrace OCa=
ml 5 and effects. We rebuilt the key pieces from scratch:

    



    
ptt is built on this new stack, and so far we haven=E2=80=99t =
observed any memory leaks (thanks to mkernel-memtrace for tracing memory usage, viewa=
ble via memtrace-viewer=
). The CVEs related to mirage-tcpip were taken into account during ~mnet~=E2=80=99s develop=
ment, and the build story is much simpler now. A GitHub action can build an=
d actually run the unikernel to test it, as you can see with mnet.

    


    
Other unikernels using this approach are available too. If you=E2=80=99re c=
urious, check out this tutor=
ial on creating a unikernel in OCaml.

    

    

    

    

    Deployment
    

    

    
ptt also tackles the deployment question. We have an article present=
ing the "stateless" aspect of ptt. We'd also like to (re)intro=
duce [Albatross](github.com/robur-coop/albatross), our secure unikernel orc=
hestrator, and Mollyma=
wk, a web interface for deploying unikernels (which is itself a unikern=
el).

    


    
More broadly, this is what our cooperative is working towards: we really want to improve the user experience, wheth=
er you're a developer or a deployer. We believe that actually developing, d=
eploying, and using our unikernels is the only way to get them adopted more=
 widely. So make sure to follow us on these projects too!

    

    

    

    

    Usage
    

    

    
Along the way, we found it really helpful to have a tool that lets you trac=
k every stage of an email=E2=80=99s lifecycle. That=E2=80=99s how blaze came about: =
a Swiss Army knife for handling emails.

    


    
It=E2=80=99s still experimental, but it already lets you:

    

      

    • use our archive system (generate, read, index, etc.)
      • 

    • handle other archives such as mbox or maildir=

      • 

    • communicate via the POP3 protocol
      • 

    • sign and verify emails (DKIM and ARC)
      • 

    • build emails from the command line
      • 

    • send emails
      • 

    • run a small local SMTP server
      • 

    


    
blaze is how we iterate on our library APIs and validate imple=
mentations. It=E2=80=99s experimental, but it=E2=80=99s gradually turning i=
nto a full email client.

    

    

      

    • Archiving & Indexing
      

      

      
We'd also like to present the stem project, which extracts word roots from a document (such as an em=
ail) and tokenises them to get something analysable without the complexity =
of natural language. This tokenisation is what powers our small bm25 search engine. You can s=
ee results here.

      


      
This is also what drives our caml-list search engine, available as a uniker=
nel: blame, which you c=
an try at https://caml-list.robur.=
coop (powered by vif).

      


      
Beyond search, there's also email indexing via Message-IDs. For that we bui=
lt bancos: a persis=
tent radix tree in OCaml that supports parallel access! More det=
ails he=
re.

      


      
Finally, our indexing system uses the PACKv2 format (the same one Git uses =
to store objects), implemented by the carton library. It has proven its stability through the ocaml-git project, so we d=
ecided to reuse it for archiving emails (much like public-inbox did, though in a different form).

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Conclusion
    

    

    
Thanks to all this work, OCaml now has a solid set of email-related project=
s. This journey started back in 2016 and there's still a long way to go, as=
 we always aim to offer robu(r)st, battle-tested solutions. Unlike some imp=
lementations in other languages (though we are in discussion with folks in =
the Rust community), ours actually adhere to the standards!

    


    
It may not seem like a big deal, and you won't see any major difference whe=
n just exchanging emails, but we believe this approach paves the way for a =
better internet. In the form of unikernels, it represents a genuine reclaim=
ing of the means of communication!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Mollymawk and Albatross orchestrating all virtual machines
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an=
n-mollymawk-and-albatross-orchestrating-all-virtual-machines/17988/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
we just finished and deployed Albatross and Mollymawk to support virtual machines that are not MirageOS unikernel=
s.

    


    
The reasoning is simple: we embedded so many nice features (metrics, consol=
e output, deploying via web UI, multi-tenant, startup dependencies, restart=
-on-failure,..) that we really wanted to deploy our non-MirageOS virtual ma=
chines as well with the same mechanism and don't have duplicated code all o=
ver.

    


    
For the time being, it only supports FreeBSD BHyve, but let us know if you'=
re interested in other virtualization technologies and we will prioritize t=
hat work!

    


    
We also wrote a brief blog article with screenshots: https://blog.robur.coop/article=
s/mollymawk-other.html

    

    

    

    

    

    OUPS meetup april 2026
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/oups-meetup-april-2026/17989/1

    

    

    

    ancolie announced
    

    

    
The next OUPS meetup will take place on Wednesday, 29th of April 202=
6. It will start at 6:30pm at the 45 rue d'Ulm in Paris. It w=
ill be in the in the Rataud amphitheater.

    


    
:warning: It's not in Jussieu as usual but in ENS Ulm! If you're not famili=
ar with the place, there is a map of the buildings.

    


    
Please, register on meetup  as soon as possible to let us know how many pi=
zza we should order.

    


    
For more details, you may check the OUPS=
=E2=80=99 website .

    


    
Moreover, we=E2=80=99d like to announce that the organizing team moved to t=
he OCaml Zulip. Feel free to co=
ntact us there if you=E2=80=99d like to suggest talks.

    


    
—

    


    
This time we=E2=80=99ll have the following talks:

    


    
When Turing machines meet GADTs – Florian Angeletti

    


    
Have you ever wondered why one needs to write down explicit
unreachable clauses in a GADT-pattern matching? Or how much
computation one can sneak inside an OCaml type?

    


    
This talk proposes to answers those questions and more with a deep dive
into GADTs, the OCaml compiler implementation of the exhaustiveness
checking for pattern match, and how to best trick the typechecker into
finding the BB(3) champion by itself.

    


    
Extending OCaml's pattern matching – Yanni Lefki

    


    
Pattern matching has been studied for decades and has been the subject of e=
xtensive research and numerous extensions. Nevertheless, recent language fe=
atures=E2=80=94such as Rust=E2=80=99s if-let construct, and recent work suc=
h as Cheng and Parreaux (OOPSLA 2024), suggest that there is still room for=
 improvement. We propose a streamlined approach that unifies pattern matchi=
ng with extended forms of conditionals.

    


    
In particular, our prototype introduces binding-boolean-expressions, which =
allow variables to be bound within pattern guards, within if-conditions (an=
d subsequently used in the then branch), and within while-conditions (and u=
sed in the loop body). Our system also incorporates Haskell-style views, en=
abling the definition of smart deconstructors, the dual of smart constructo=
rs.

    


    
In this talk, we present an ML-like language equipped with evaluation rules=
, typing rules, and a simple compilation scheme. We conclude with a demonst=
ration of our implementation: an OCaml PPX prototype that parses an extende=
d ML syntax exposing these constructs, type-checks programs according to ou=
r (highly intuitive!) rules, and translates them into a correct OCaml AST v=
ia our (non-optimizing) transformation.

    


    
—

    


    
After the talks there will be some pizzas offered by the OCaml Software Foundation and later on we=E2=80=99ll mov=
e to a pub nearby as usual.

    

    

    

    

    

    Stk 0.6 released
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-stk-0-6-released/17994/1

    

    

    

    Zoggy announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
Stk is a SDL-based graphical user interface toolkit. Its interface is inspi=
red by Gtk and should look familiar to developers using Lablgtk.

    


    
Stk 0.6 is available. Among changes listed here, this release introduces Tooltips and handling of user's configuration, including user-defined themes.

    


    
The stk* packages are available from my personal opam repository.

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.5.1
    

    

    
Archive: htt=
ps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-5-1/17997/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
opam 2.5.1 is now available. This release is fixing a security issue (OSEC-2026-03) and other minor things. Thanks to <=
a href=3D"https://github.com/andrew">@andrew for reporting this issue.<=
/i>

    


    
We invite everyone to upgrade to 2.5.1 as soon as possible.

    


    
If you depend on the older opam package of your preferred distribution, dis=
tributions such as Debian Stable have already started backporting the relev=
ant fix and the patched version should be available there very soon.

    


    
You can read our blog p=
ost for relevant links and details.

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    

    
bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL h=
ttps://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) –version 2.5.1"

    

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    

    
Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/install.ps1) } -Version 2.5.1"

    

    

    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,

    


    
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Restarting OCaml.jp: The OCaml Japan User Group
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-restarting=
-ocaml-jp-the-ocaml-japan-user-group/17998/1

    

    

    

    mt_caret announced
    

    

    
Dear OCaml community,

    


    
We're excited to announce the relaunch of OCaml.jp (https://ocaml.jp/), the OCaml Japan User Group!

    


    
Our goal is to grow and energize the OCaml community in Japan by bringing t=
ogether users to foster broader adoption and deeper engagement with OCaml a=
cross the country.

    

    

    

    Current Activities
    

    

    
We've already kicked off a couple of initiatives:

    


      

    • OCaml Weekly News - Japanese Edition: We're maintaining a Japane=
se translation of the OCaml Weekly News at https://ocaml.jp/cwn-ja/, making it easier for Japanese speakers t=
o stay up to date with the latest happenings in the OCaml ecosystem.
      • 

    • OCaml Meetup in Tokyo (August 2026): We are currently preparing =
to host an OCaml Meetup in Tokyo this August, the first one in over ten years! More details will be shared so=
on; please stay tuned!
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Join Us!
    

    

    
We're using Discord as our primary communication platforms. Whether =
you're based in Japan, are a Japanese-speaking OCaml enthusiast anywhere in=
 the world, or simply want to connect with the Japanese OCaml community, we=
'd love to have you join us!

    


    
Please use the following link to join Discord: https://discord.gg/qQTbny8KF4

    


    
We look forward to building a vibrant OCaml community in Japan together. =
=E3=82=88=E3=82=8D=E3=81=97=E3=81=8F=E3=81=8A=E9=A1=98=E3=81=84=E3=81=97=E3=
=81=BE=E3=81=99=EF=BC=81

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Code navigation and search on Github
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-code-navigation-and-=
search-on-github/17999/1

    

    

    

    Pieter Goetschalckx announced
    

    

    
GitHub is now using tree-sitter-ocaml for code navi=
gation and code s=
earch.

    


      

    • Code highlighting should be more accurate (compared to the old TextMate=
 grammar) and supports all features up to OCaml 5.4.
      • 

    • There is a symbols side panel for each file.
      • 

    • You can click on symbols to find definitions and references.
      • 

    • You can search for definitions.
      • 

    • There is limited support for nested structures.
      • 

    


    
They enabled it a few months ago already, but I forgot to post it here.

    


    
The code navigation is not always 100% accurate, but good enough to be help=
ful. If you encounter any issues with incorrectly highlighted code, this co=
uld be a tree-sitter-ocaml issue.

    

    

    

    

    

    Seeking maintainers for our OCaml SIP server, gRPC, and HTTP/=
2 libraries
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.=
org/t/seeking-maintainers-for-our-ocaml-sip-server-grpc-and-http-2-librarie=
s/18000/1

    

    

    

    Wojtek Czekalski announced
    

    

    
As we're moving off OCaml at dialo, we'd =
like to donate the libraries we built to people who will properly maintain =
them. We built a highly performant telephony system using OCaml, but as a s=
mall team we ended up maintaining too much software for our liking.

    


    
We initially built a SIP server implementation in OCaml, which was a perfec=
t fit. We needed to connect it to the rest of our system in a language agno=
stic way. We chose gRPC and that's where things got difficult.

    


    
At a smaller scale our own buggy implementation of gRPC on top of h2 was good enough. Then we=
 started scaling and at the same time transitioned to OCaml 5.0. The combin=
ation of those factors resulted in:

    


      

    1. Performance regressions in 5.0 related to memory management, both insid=
e of app code, SIP stack, and inside of h2.
      2. 

    2. We needed a more robust implementation of gRPC to handle errors and edg=
e cases better.
      3. 

    


    
Long story short we ended up:

    


      

    1. Writing our own implementation of http2
      2. 

    2. Rewriting the gRPC library exclusively for eio to limit the scope toget=
her with decent codegen and robust
      3. 

    


    
Then, in late 2025, we had to add new features to the SIP server and someth=
ing inside us just broke. The SIP server had accumulated quite a bit of leg=
acy code over 3.5 years, so we wanted to rewrite some parts. We were extrem=
ely excited to build the new architecture centered around effects — <=
a href=3D"https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/effect-composability-actual-callstack=
-vs-syntactic-scope/17536">only to discover that user-space effects and con=
currency libraries don't really work well together, since callbacks los=
e their scope (duh). That was the final straw.

    


    
We decided to run two 1-week stints to try rewriting the service in Rust an=
d Go. We ended up choosing Rust. We still miss OCaml, but not having to imp=
lement and maintain our own http2/grpc/sip stack is a breath of fresh air.

    


    
So here we are — we're gradually removing OCaml from our stack, and t=
hat's why we'd like to donate:

    


      

    • ocaml-grpc=
 - the new code is on dialo branch, eio only at the moment=
, battle tested on production. It does have some bugs in it but few and it'=
s pretty solid.
      • 

    • haha (http2) - overall =
good but could be better. We cancel fibers too often, it's a very low hangi=
ng fruit to make it much faster.
      • 

    • Our SIP stack — this is currently not open source, but we're happ=
y to share the source code with the right person or team.
      • 

    


    
Please write dms to me and feel free to ask me or @adamchol about specifics.

    

    

    

    

    

    ppx_mixins: slightly more elegant mixin syntax
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ppx-mixins-=
slightly-more-elegant-mixin-syntax/18001/1

    

    

    

    Sacha Ayoun announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I've written a tiny ppx called ppx_mixins so that one can write:

    

    

    type u=
 [@@mixins Map.OrderedType + Printab=
le]

    

    

    
which gets desugared to

    

    

    type u=

include Map.OrderedType with type t :=3D u
include Printable with type t :=3D u

    

    

    
Not much but increases readability in a codebase that uses the "mixin" patt=
ern a lot

    

    

    

    Constructing type signatures
    

    

    
In the upcoming release, one can also write

    

    

    module type M =3D [%mixins Map.<=
/span>OrderedType + Printable]
(* desugars to *)
module type M =3D sig=20
   type t=20
   include Map.OrderedType with type t :=3D t
   include Printable with type t :=3D t
end

    

    

    

    

    

    Additional features
    

    

    
One can also override other types, e.g.

    

    

    type u=
 [@@mixins Mappable(key =3D int; val=
ue :=3D v)]
(* desugars to *)
type u
include Mappable with type t :=3D u and type key =3D int and type va=
lue :=3D v

    

    

    

    

    

    Limitations
    

    

      

    • No support for parametric types, e.g. with type 'a u =3D 'a v
      • 

    • No support for tuple and function types, e.g. with type t =3D int=
 -> bool
      • 

    


    
This is because the preprocessor parses the payload as an expression, and t=
hese don't parse nicely a expressions.
Deeper support (e.g. for mixins with type parameters) would probably also r=
equire language support.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Experience Report: Refining Dune=E2=80=99s Dependency Graph

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/experience-rep=
ort-refining-dune-s-dependency-graph/18002/1

    

    

    

    Robin Bate Boerop announced
    

    

    
Refining Dune's Dependency Graph: Per-Module Library Filtering

    


    
I've been working on improving Dune's inter-library dependency tracking, an=
d wanted to share the experience — both the technical details and wha=
t it's like as a first-time contributor to this large open source OCaml pro=
ject.

    

    

    

    The Problem I Took On
    

    

    
When libA depends on libB, Dune gives every modul=
e in libA a glob dependency on all .cmi fi=
les in libB. If any .cmi in libB cha=
nges, every module in libA is recompiled — even modules =
that never reference libB.

    


    
For projects with many libraries, this creates a cascade of unnecessary rec=
ompilations. The issue that tracks this matter #4572 has been open since 2021.

    

    

    

    

    My Approach
    

    

    
Dune already runs ocamldep to compute intra-library module dep=
endencies. The key insight: that same output tells us which libraries each module references, via their entry module names. We can use this to =
filter both the build dependencies and the -I~/-H~ compiler fl=
ags per-module.

    


    
The implementation (PR=
 #14116 and PR #14=
186) works as follows:

    


      

    1. For each module and its transitive intra-library dependencies, read the=
 ocamldep output (both .ml and .mli)=

      2. 

    2. Union all referenced module names, including -open flags

    3. Map those names to libraries via a Lib_index
      4. 

    4. Transitively close the filtered library set via Lib.closure
      5. 

    5. Use the result for both hidden deps and -I~/-H~ compiler f=
lags, partitioning into direct (visible via -I) and hidden (vi=
a -H) based on requires_compile membership
      6. 

    


    
With both deps and flags filtered, a clean build will fail if a module refe=
rences a library it doesn't declare — previously, overly-broad =
-I flags could mask such errors.

    

    

    

    

    A False Start
    

    

    
My first attempt (PR #=
14021) tried to implement the filtering in a single PR without sufficie=
nt test coverage. It was closed after review revealed that the approach was=
 fragile in edge cases I hadn't anticipated — particularly around tra=
nsparent module aliases and virtual libraries.

    

    

    

    

    Challenges
    

    

    
Transparent module aliases. OCaml's module alias mechanism means ocamldep doesn't always report all libraries a module transitivel=
y depends on. If libB has module M =3D LibC.Something, and a module in libA uses LibB.M, oca=
mldep reports LibB but not LibC. The fix: =
transitively close the filtered library set using Lib.closure,=
 bounded by the compilation context.

    


    
Root modules. The (root_module) stanza creates a module=
 that implicitly aliases all libraries in the compilation context. When ocamldep reports a reference to a root module, we can't determine=
 which underlying libraries are actually needed, so we fall back to the ful=
l dependency set.

    


    
Virtual libraries. When virtual library implementations are present =
in the compilation context, parameter libraries may not appear in req=
uires_compile, so filtering could miss them. Another fallback case.

    


    
Menhir-generated modules. These mock modules aren't in the oca=
mldep dependency graph, so we skip filtering for them.

    


    
Null build overhead. The filtering reads .d files and c=
omputes library closures per-module. On a fresh dune process (=
no memo cache), this is new work on every build — including null buil=
ds where nothing changed. This is a real trade-off: better incremental rebu=
ild performance at the cost of some null-build overhead.

    

    

    

    

    Prerequisite Test PRs
    

    

    
Before the implementation PRs, I submitted six test-only PRs to document ex=
isting behavior and establish a safety net:

    


      

    • #14017 —=
 Baseline tests documenting current inter-library recompilation behavior

    • #14031 —=
 Test documenting module name shadowing between stanzas and libraries
      • 

    • #14100 —=
 Test verifying library file deps in compilation rules and sandboxed builds=

      • 

    • #14101 —=
 Test verifying transparent alias incremental build safety
      • 

    • #14129 —=
 Test verifying incremental builds with alias re-exported libraries
      • 

    • #14178 —=
 Test documenting ocamldep behavior with transparent alias cha=
ins
      • 

    


    
This made the implementation PRs' diffs focused on the actual change, and g=
ave reviewers confidence that existing behavior was preserved. It also help=
ed me understand the edge cases that tripped up my first attempt.

    

    

    

    

    The Review Process
    

    

    
The Dune maintainers (@rgrinberg and @art-w) provided thorough, =
constructive reviews. Some highlights:

    


      

    • Replacing my hand-rolled transitive closure with Lib.closure from the existing library — a cleaner approach I wouldn't have fou=
nd without familiarity with Dune's internals
      • 

    • Identifying that both .ml and .mli ocamldep o=
utput need to be read, since the interface can reference different librarie=
s than the implementation
      • 

    • Suggesting per-module -I~/-H~ flag filtering, which makes =
clean builds more precise and improves caching
      • 

    • Questioning every fallback case and special-cased module kind, leading =
to simpler code
      • 

    


    
The PRs went through significant refactoring during review — the fina=
l versions are substantially tighter than the initial submissions.

    

    

    

    

    What Could Be Better
    

    

    
Working on this was a positive experience overall, but a few things created=
 friction:

    


    
No way to benchmark before merging. The null-build overhead question=
 came up late in the process. I discovered through manual benchmarking that=
 the change added \~70% to null build time — a significant regression=
. Dune's benchmark CI workflow runs only on pushes to main, not on PRs. Con=
tributor-accessible performance tooling would help catch regressions before=
 they land.

    


    
Review momentum vs. rebasing. The test PRs merged quickly, but the i=
mplementation PR required multiple rounds of review over days. Between roun=
ds, main moves forward, requiring rebases that risk introducing conflicts. =
The contributor carries the burden of keeping branches fresh. This is compo=
unded when PRs depend on each other — every rebase of #14116 required=
 rebasing #14186 as well. GitHub has no first-class support for PR stacks, =
so this is manual and error-prone. Of course, all GitHub-hosted repos suffe=
r from this.

    


    
Flaky CI. Many CI runs had errors that were not related to my code. =
It was often an upstream provider of an OCaml package that was unreachable =
or faulty (temporarily). These problems often resolved themselves, but caus=
ed day-long delays in the PR lifetimes. The problem stems from the setup co=
de that is run and re-run over and over in CI jobs.

    

    

    

    

    Reflections
    

    

    
The Dune codebase is well-structured, with clear separation between the bui=
ld engine, rule generation, and scheduler. It is also of good quality, maki=
ng it feel like time spent on keeping the quality high is worthwhile.

    


    
I found the cram test infrastructure good for testing. Each test scenario i=
s a self-contained shell script with expected output, making it easy to doc=
ument and verify exact recompilation behavior. It inspires confidence in th=
e code.

    


    
The maintainers have been responsive and the review process, while slowed b=
y thoroughness, is collaborative and professional. Thank you, maintainers!

    

    

    

    

    

    Steffen Smolka then replied
    

    

    

    
GitHub has no first-class support for PR stacks

    

    


    
It does now: https://github=
.github.com/gh-stack/

    

    

    

    

    

    First beta release of OCaml 5.5.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/first-beta-release-of-ocaml-5-5=
-0/18006/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
With most developer tools available and the good stability of the compiler,=
 I am happy to announce the first beta release of OCaml 5.5.0.

    


    
Compared to the last alpha, this new version improves the manpage for
ocamlopt and fixes:

    


      

    • two runtime bugs (for ephemerons and the bytecode interpreter)
      • 

    • two type system bugs (for classes and module-dependent functions)
      • 

    • three warning or error message bugs
      • 

    


    
(See the Changelog below for a full list).

    


    
Concerning the associated compiler tools, most of them are already
available (as least in a preview version), and there are patches in
progress for the remaining ones. You can track the last remaining
update efforts on the release readiness meta-issue.

    


    
Thus, it should be safe to test your libraries and programs with the
new version OCaml 5.5.0 version in preparation of the final release.
If everything goes well, we might see a release in May.

    


    
If you find any bugs, please report them to the GitHub issue tracker.

    


    
If you are interested by the full list of new features and bug fixes, the
changelog for O=
Caml 5.5.0 is the most up-to-date resource.

    



    
Happy hacking,
Florian Angeletti for the OCaml team.

    

    

    

    Installation Instructions
    

    

    
The base compiler can be installed as an opam switch with the following com=
mands
on opam 2.1 and later:

    


    opam update
opam switch create 5.5.0~beta1

    


    
The source code for the beta is also available at these addresses:

    



    

    

    

    Fine-Tuned Compiler Configuration
    

    

    
If you want to tweak the configuration of the compiler, you can switch to t=
he option variant with:

    



    opam update
opam switch create <switch_name> ocaml-variants.5.5.0~beta1+options &=
lt;option_list>

    


    
where option_list is a space separated list of ocaml-opt=
ion-* packages. For instance, for a flambda and no-flat-float-array =
switch:

    


    opam switch create 5.5.0~beta1+flambda+nffa ocaml-variants.5.5.0~beta1+opti=
ons ocaml-option-flambda ocaml-option-no-flat-float-array

    


    
All available options can be listed with opam search ocaml-option.

    

    

    

    

    Changes compared to the last alpha
    

    

    

      

    • Documentation update
      

      

        

      • #14684: Imp=
rove ocamlopt's manual page
(Samuel Hym, review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Runtime fixes
      

      

        

      • #14644, #14647: Fix a bug =
related to unhandled effects in bytecode.
(Vincent Laviron, report by Thibaut Mattio,
 review by Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r, Stephen Dolan and Olivier Nicole)

      • #14349, #14718: runtime, f=
ix in the orphaning of ephemerons
(Gabriel Scherer, review by Olivier Nicole and Damien Doligez,
 report by Jan Midtgaard)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Type system fixes
      

      

        

      • #14557, #12150, #14696: ensure that the s=
elf type of class cannot escape
through type constraints.
(Leo White, review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 

      • #14667: ena=
ble application related warnings for module-dependent functions
(Florian Angeletti, review by Gabriel Scherer)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Error messages and warning fixes
      

      

        

      • #14690: Fix=
 Name_type_mismatch error message when the expected type is an
alias: print the expanded path on the right-hand side of the equality, not
the alias twice.
(Weixie Cui, review by Florian Angeletti)
        • 

      • #14719, #14721: compute ar=
ity correctly for module-dependent function
(Florian Angeletti, report by Jeremy Yallop, review by Stefan Muenzel)
        • 

      • #14655, #14691: check for =
size overflow in caml_ba_reshape
(Stephen Dolan, review by Xavier Leroy)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    ocgtk 0.1: OCaml bindings for GTK 4 (preview release)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocgtk-=
0-1-ocaml-bindings-for-gtk-4-preview-release/17944/5

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Chris Armstrong announced
    

    

    
ocgtk preview1 release has landed in opam.

    


    
(preview0 was abandoned as considerable work was required to get it buildin=
g on other Linux distributions and Mac). A special thanks to @jmid for help=
ing me get it over the line.

    


    
In addition to the features above, it includes:

    


      

    • Extended support for more GLib types, including integer primitives (gui=
nt8, int16, guint32, etc) and lists (GLib.SList and GLib.List)
      • 

    • Gobject interfaces
      • 

    


    
The combination of the above enables more methods to be generated (that wer=
e previously excluded) when they include those types in their parameters an=
d/or return types, opening up much more of the  API surface of GTK (and rel=
ated libraries).

    


    
Next steps: my focus now is on internal cleanup and reorganisation t=
o better structure the tests and split gir_gen (the GObject code generator)=
 into a seperate dune project. This will reduce the dependency list conside=
rably and enable targeting earlier OCaml versions, as well as reducing rele=
ase headaches related to gir_gen (which is not required by packages just us=
ing ocgtk)

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
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Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 21 to 28, 2026.

    



    

    Closing Old Bugs With Tests: A Dune Contribution Story
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/closing-old-bugs-with-tests-a-dune-contribution-story/18008/1

    

    

    

    Robin Bate Boerop announced
    

    

    
I recently started contributing to Dune with no prior familiarity with the code base. One thing I found rewarding was closing old issues — some filed as far back as 2018 — and I wanted to share the approach I used.

    

    

    

    The Method: Close With a Test
    

    

    
Many open issues describe behaviour that has already been fixed, or behaviour that is working correctly but was never verified with a test. My approach: write a cram test that demonstrates the expected behaviour, link the PR to the issue with fixes #NNNN, and let the merge close the issue automatically.

    


    
This has several advantages over simply closing an issue with a comment like "this works now":

    


      

    • It's verifiable. Anyone can read the test and see exactly what behaviour is being asserted. There's no argument about whether the issue is truly resolved.
      • 

    • It prevents regressions. If the behaviour breaks again in the future, the test fails. The issue doesn't silently reopen — the CI catches it.
      • 

    • It grows the test suite. Every closed issue leaves behind a test that documents a real-world scenario someone cared about.
      • 

    • It respects the reporter. Someone took the time to file the issue. A test that captures their concern is a better acknowledgement than a drive-by close.
      • 

    


    
After a few weeks of contributing test PRs and bug fixes, I was given triager and then maintainer status on the project. This let me close issues directly when they were clearly resolved, and merge my own test PRs. Before that, the existing maintainers merged them on my behalf.

    


    
Honestly, I regret closing issues where I could have used this method but didn't. The method is much superior to simply adding to a GitHub discussion about the bug and then closing the issue.

    

    

    

    

    Issues I Helped Close
    

    

    
Here's an accounting of what I helped close, grouped by what it took:

    

    

      

    • Confirmed resolved; closed directly
      

      

      
These issues described problems that no longer existed on main. In some cases I confirmed this myself, in others someone else had already verified it. As a triager/maintainer I was able to close them:

      


        

      • #1974 — @all target doesn't interact well with (include_subdirs ...) (filed 2019)
        • 

      • #3173 — Can't promote into a directory starting with underscore (filed 2020)
        • 

      • #3805 — No such file or directory when DUNE_BUILD_DIR is set during test (filed 2020)
        • 

      • #8242 — Very slow emacs compilation buffer updates (filed 2023)
        • 

      • #10360 — executables_implicit_empty_intf expects dune >= 2.9 but was only added in 3.0 (filed 2024)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Closed with a test PR
      

      

      
These issues were resolved by writing a test that demonstrates the correct behaviour. No code changes were needed — the test itself closed the issue:

      


        

      • #2370 — .h files copied to _build without foreign stubs (filed 2019, test: #14172)
        • 

      • #3362 — Cannot use %{lib:...} in the flags stanza (filed 2020, test: #14146)
        • 

      • #3484 — Promoting over a running binary (filed 2020, test: #14173)
        • 

      • #11110 — Libexec site install doesn't set executable bit (filed 2024, test: #14171)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Closed with a test and a code fix
      

      

      
These required both a test and a code change to resolve:

      


        

      • #878 — dune subst adds duplicate version field in opam (filed 2018, fix: #14136)
        • 

      • #2445 — dune sends SIGKILL without prior SIGTERM (filed 2019, fixes: #14170, #14224)
        • 

      • #3916 — Duplicate bounds in autogenerated opam files (filed 2020, fix: #14175)
        • 

      • #6148 — root_module generates duplicate module definition (filed 2022, fix: #14135)
        • 

      • #9757 — dune runtest doesn't execute byte-only inline tests (filed 2024, fix: #14174)
        • 

      • #10707 — Missing menhir lower bound in generated opam files (filed 2024, fix: #14168)
        • 

      • #11002 — opam file generation error-prone (filed 2024, fix: #14136)
        • 

      • #11106 — Redundant dune version constraint in opam files (filed 2024, fix: #14175)
        • 

      • #12007 — dune build @ocaml-index builds too many files (filed 2025, partially fixed with #14137)
        • 

      • #14089 — Incremental builds with (wrapped (transition ...)) broken (filed 2026, test: #14088, fix: #14090)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    What I Learned
    

    

    
Writing tests is a good way to learn about a code base. Each test forced me to understand how a feature actually works — not the architecture in the abstract, but the concrete behaviour in specific scenarios. The understanding compounded.

    


    
Dune's cram tests make this easy. Each test is a self-contained shell script with expected output, checked into the repo as a .t file. The barrier to writing a test is low, which is exactly what you want when your goal is to close issues by testing them. This occasionally backfired by being "too easy" - when I wrote tests to which maintainers objected because I had not done so in a Dune-idiomatic way; but this was still net positive for sure.

    


    
Consistent presence matters. I contributed nearly every day over several weeks. I think that this helped maintainers feel that I was "present" - that efforts that they made to help me were investments; so they were less prone to holding back reviews.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ocaml-wire: a Binary wire format DSL with EverParse 3D output
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-wire-a-binary-wire-format-dsl-with-everparse-3d-output/18009/1

    

    

    

    Thomas Gazagnaire announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the release of ocaml-wire 0.9.0 to opam!

    


    
ocaml-wire is a set of combinators to describe binary protocols in OCaml. "Binary" as in fixed-layout: sizes and shapes are mostly known up front, so you're reading fields at known offsets rather than parsing a free-form grammar (like in Menhir). There are already many good binary parser frameworks in OCaml – here's what's different in ocaml-wire:

    


      

    • The central data structure is EverParse's 3D grammar. The OCaml combinators describe a 3D structure. Following Daniel's tagged final encoding approach, you build a codec that describes a struct and how to serialise/deserialise it from an OCaml value.
      • 

    • Which means every description can compile down to a .3d file and from there to C via EverParse – and the generated C compiles cleanly with -std=c99 -Wall -Werror. So you could, in theory (I haven't pushed on this too far for now), build and link a complex stack as an standalone, external C parser whose memory safety, single-pass behaviour, and conformance to the 3D spec are proven in F*(EverParse doesn't give you serialisers, unfortunately).
      • 

    • If you prefer, you can still use the OCaml parsers/verifiers, which have been made reasonably fast (i.e. no extra allocations on the hot path), and as they are streaming codecs you can just read or write a single field of the structure without parsing the whole thing. They also compile trivially to JavaScript via js_of_ocaml, if you need to parse the same format in the browser.
      • 

    


    
A small example – a packet with two nibble-wide fields, a big-endian length, and a variable-size payload whose length is read from the Length field:

    


    

    open Wire

type packet = { version : int; flags : int; length : int; payload : string }

let f_version = Field.v "Version" (bits ~width:4 U8)
let f_flags   = Field.v "Flags"   (bits ~width:4 U8)
let f_length  = Field.v "Length"  uint16be
let f_payload = Field.v "Payload" (byte_array ~size:(Field.ref f_length))

let codec =
  let open Codec in
  v "Packet" (fun version flags length payload -> { version; flags; length; payload })
    [ f_version $ (fun p -> p.version);
      f_flags   $ (fun p -> p.flags);
      f_length  $ (fun p -> p.length);
      f_payload $ (fun p -> p.payload) ]

    

    


    
Field.ref f_length is the dependent-size bit: the payload's length comes from the f_length field read earlier in the same struct. That same codec value is what you hand to Everparse.schema to get the 3D file out, and what backs Codec.get / Codec.set for streaming field access from OCaml. ocaml-wire also ships the infrastructure for generating FFI stubs and for differential testing to make sure the verified C and hand-written OCaml parsers agree. So far they seem to :-)

    


    
You can read more about it here: https://gazagnaire.org/blog/2026-03-31-ocaml-wire.html.

    


    
To try it: opam install wire

    


    
Feedback very welcome on the issue tracker (or bellow)!

    

    

    

    

    

    valkey: modern Valkey client for OCaml 5 + Eio, on opam
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-valkey-modern-valkey-client-for-ocaml-5-eio-on-opam/18010/1

    

    

    

    Avi Fenesh announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
I wanted to share that valkey 0.2.0 is now on opam:

    




    
The main thing I wanted with this project was to focus on the current Valkey stack with the newer OCaml stack.

    


    
So valkey is built around:

    


      

    • OCaml 5
      • 

    • Eio-native direct-style concurrency
      • 

    • RESP3 only
      • 

    • Modern Valkey features and real cluster behavior
      • 

    


    
A few parts I'm happy with:

    


      

    • Cluster support with a strong focus on durability and high availability:
topology refresh, periodic background refresh, MOVED / ASK / CLUSTERDOWN handling, replica-aware reads, AZ-aware routing, and failover-aware sharded pub/sub replay
      • 

    • connection/runtime behavior:
circuit breaker, reconnect handling, keepalive, TLS, and optional separation between socket I/O and parsing via Eio.Domain_manager, so one side of the system does not block the other
      • 

    • batch support:
scatter-gather across slots, atomic single-slot flows with WATCH / MULTI / EXEC, multi-slot helpers, and in
0.2.0 also WATCH guards for read-modify-write CAS plus cross-slot pfcount_cluster
      • 

    • command surface:
typed helpers across a pretty broad set of commands, Client.custom /~custom_multi~ for custom commands and multi-node execution, and named commands so you can register command templates once and reuse them later
      • 

    • scripting:
local script caching and optimistic EVALSHA handling with automatic fallback/retry on NOSCRIPT, so callers don't need to manage that flow themselves
      • 

    


    
There is also already a pretty good amount of validation around it:
integration tests, property tests, fuzzing, chaos testing, examples, and guides.

    


    
Performance-wise, it also came out pretty nicely: in several scenarios it gets to 90%+ of the C reference client.

    


    opam update
opam install valkey eio_main

    


    
Current next steps on the roadmap are things like:

    


      

    • client-side caching
      • 

    • connection pools / blocking pools
      • 

    • IAM + mTLS
      • 

    • Valkey module support (JSON, search, bloom)
      • 

    


    
If there's a feature people care about, I'd be very happy to reprioritize the roadmap around real interest.

    


    
I'd also really love feedback from the OCaml community on the API, ergonomics, docs, and general design.

    


    
I'm very familiar with the Valkey world, but OCaml is more of a side fun for me than my daily language, so feedback from people who really live in the OCaml ecosystem is especially valuable to me.

    


    
If you try it, I'd love to hear what you think.

    

    

    

    

    

    UnifiedScript_{Std,Top} - literate testing
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-unifiedscript-std-top-literate-testing/18013/1

    

    

    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
I am pleased to introduce the UnifiedScript_Std and UnifiedScript_Top packages. Unified scripts are a way to write tests and documentation simultaneously. Cram tests and MDX scripts are both similar to unified scripts, but unified scripts aren't tied to Markdown (MDX) or tied to POSIX shell commands (cram tests).

    


    
Examples:

    


      

    • Markdown example: Here are the zillions of tests from ocaml-re converted into Markdown: ocaml-re/EXAMPLES.md. Custom OCaml REPL printers are used so that many of the tests are printed as Markdown tables. aside: Wouldn't it be nice if tests you are already writing became documentation? That was a 4 year follow-up to https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/what-are-the-biggest-reasons-newcomers-give-up-on-ocaml/10958/13?u=jbeckford
      • 

    • 
.ml example: The following is a snippet from a regular OCaml .ml module where the (* ... *) comments are OCaml REPL toplevel responses maintained by the unified tools.

      

      

      let lyrics =
  "Everybody step to the left."
  (* val lyrics : string = "Everybody step to the left." *)[@ocamlformat "disable"]

let (_ : string) =
  Printf.sprintf "Now let's sing: %s" lyrics
  (* - : string = "Now let's sing: Everybody step to the left." *)[@ocamlformat "disable"]

      

      • 

    


    
Docs are at dk/docs/UNIFIED_SCRIPTS.md (of course generated by the unified tools).

    


    
Install the tools with:

    


    opam pin add UnifiedScript_Std https://gitlab.com/dkml/build-tools/MlFront/-/releases/permalink/latest/downloads/MlFront.tar.gz
opam pin add UnifiedScript_Top https://gitlab.com/dkml/build-tools/MlFront/-/releases/permalink/latest/downloads/MlFront.tar.gz

    


    
After feedback I'll release them officially to opam. I would like feedback overall and also specifically on the agent skill that converts expect tests to unified tests.

    

    

    

    

    

    openrouter_api: An OpenRouter client library
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-openrouter-api-an-openrouter-client-library/18016/1

    

    

    

    mt_caret announced
    

    

    
I'm happy to announce the first version (v0.0.1) of openrouter_api, a library for querying large language models via OpenRouter, a service which provides access to a variety of models under a unified API.

    




    
I've been using this library in my personal projects whenever I want to integrate an AI model, and I've found it quite useful; I hope others will find it useful as well. Issues and contributions are welcome.

    

    

    

    

    

    Call for presentations: Caml in the Capital II
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/call-for-presentations-caml-in-the-capital-ii/17959/2

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Sacha Ayoun announced
    

    

    
Date and location have been confirmed! June 3rd at the Jane Street office!!
I have updated the post.

    


    
We're still open for presentation proposals as well!

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a look at the archive or the RSS feed of the archives.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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OCaml Weekly News







    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 28 to May 05, 2=
026.

    



    

    Oc =E2=80=94 a Cargo-like CLI for OCaml beginners (AI-assisted=
, feedback very welcome)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.oca=
ml.org/t/oc-a-cargo-like-cli-for-ocaml-beginners-ai-assisted-feedback-very-=
welcome/18020/1

    

    

    

    Emil Kloeden announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,=20

    


    
I'm a newcomer to OCaml, and one of the things that has slowed me down is t=
he tooling setup: understanding opam switches, remembering to eval $(=
opam env), knowing when to regenerate .opam~files. So (togethe=
r with Claude Code) I built ~oc - a small CLI that wraps opam<=
/code> and dune and gives them a Cargo- or uv-like interface:=
=20

    


    oc new my_app # scaffold project + initialise isolated switch
oc add yojson # add dependency, update oc.toml, install
oc build # ensure deps, dune build
oc run # ensure deps, dune exec

    


    
No opam switch create, no eval $(opam env), no ha=
nd-editing .opam files.

    

    

    

    What it is:
    

    

    
A small, thin orchestration layer with no dependencies beyond opam and dune=
 themselves. It calls opam to manage switches and resolve packages, and dun=
e to build - wrapping the tools the community already uses and trusts rathe=
r than replacing them. It deliberately does less: if you want full control =
over your environment, opam gives you that directly.

    

    

    

    

    What it isn't:
    

    

    
A replacement for opam or dune. The intention is to offer a simpler surface=
 for those who prefer it, whether you're just starting out or you've been w=
riting OCaml for years and want less ceremony for everyday tasks.

    

    

    

    

    A note on AI assistance:
    

    

    
I should be upfront: this project was developed almost entirely with the he=
lp of Claude Code. I wrote the specs, made the design decisions, and review=
ed everything - but the code is almost entirely AI-generated. I think that'=
s worth naming, both for transparency and because it's an interesting case =
study in what AI-assisted development looks like for a small tool.

    

    

    

    

    Prior art:
    

    

    
I'm aware of a few similar efforts. esy is the closest in spir=
it - sandboxed builds, a lock file, a simpler manifest - but it makes some =
different choices: it requires Node.js (npm
install -g esy) and brings its own dependency resolver rather than d=
elegating to opam. oc
is a narrower tool: no additional runtime dependencies, stays on top of sta=
ndard opam and dune, and trades power for simplicity.~ dune init project~ h=
andles scaffolding but leaves switch management to you. opam's own local sw=
itches (opam switch create . 5.2.0) are essentially what oc automates, but you still have to drive them manually. If there's=
 something I've missed that already solves this cleanly, I'd genuinely like=
 to know.

    

    

    

    

    Why not just shell aliases?
    

    

    
You probably could get close with a few shell functions. The reasons I went=
 further: a cross-platform binary needs no shell setup, the lockfile gives =
reproducible builds across machines, and having a single oc.toml as the source of truth is cleaner than remembering which opam commands t=
o run. Whether that's worth it is a fair question.

    

    

    

    

    Why Go, not OCaml:
    

    

    
Partly the bootstrapping problem =E2=80=94 it felt odd to write a tool that=
 helps you set up OCaml before you can set up OCaml. More practically, Go m=
ade it easy to ship a single static binary with no runtime dependencies, an=
d it let me build and iterate on the tool quickly. I'm not against a port t=
o OCaml if someone wanted to take that on.

    

    

    

    

    Current state:
    

    

    
The tool works for my personal use, has a test suite, a lockfile, and basic=
 CI. It's rough around the edges and I'm sure there are things that would m=
ake an experienced OCaml developer wince. That's part of why I'm posting - =
I'd genuinely value feedback on:=20

    

      

    • Does this solve a real problem, or does the community have better answe=
rs I missed?
      • 

    • Are there correctness issues with how oc manages switches =
or generates .opam files?
      • 

    • What's missing before this would be useful to you?
      • 

    


    
The homepage is at emilkloeden=
.github.io/oc  and the source is at github.com/emilkloeden/oc.=20

    


    
Thanks for reading and I look forward to your feedback.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune Package Management Updates
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/dune-package-management-updates/1=
8023/1

    

    

    

    Shon announced
    

    

    
Hello! The Tarides team is writing to share updates on Dune package managem=
ent.

    

    

    

    Context
    

    

    
Dune package management aims to improve some developer workflows by simplif=
ying the use of opam dependencies in projects built with Dune. To learn mor=
e, see the tutorial, OCaml Package Management With Dune=
.

    


    
It=E2=80=99s been too long since we shared an update, especially considerin=
g our gratitude for all the excell=
ent feedback we have received. But Dune contributors have been hard at =
work fixing issues and solving tricky architectural snags present in t=
he previous iteration.

    

    

    

    

    Available now
    

    

    
Thanks to many contributors, the following functionalities are available on=
 Linux and MacOS in the latest release of Dune (3.22):

    




    
Additionally, the following supporting utilities are available:

    



    

    

    

    Current status and focus
    

    

    
Thanks to several regular users in the community and usage in many of the C=
I systems we maintain, we are gathering ongoing feedback and exercising the=
 core functionality. However, our testing has shown the features are not ye=
t mature enough to recommend wider use, beyond eager and early adopters. Co=
nsequently, all the documentation warns that this functionality is experime=
ntal and subject to change.

    


    
We are currently focused on maturing package management beyond its experime=
ntal status. This requires reworking the developer tooling support, support=
ing packages that use symlinks, and ensuring we can dogfood Dune package ma=
nagement  in its own development. The best place to look for what we have p=
lanned in this current phase is Non-experimental package management =C2=B7 Milestone #62 =C2=B7=
 ocaml/dune.=20

    

    

    

    

    Next  up
    

    

    
After maturing the core functionality, we will turn our focus to extending =
the supported platforms and improving ecosystem integration. This work will=
 include adding support for Windows, improving cross-compilation, supportin=
g advanced vendoring workflows, and integrating Dune package management int=
o the opam-ci. More updates and more accessible planning will follow.

    

    

    

    

    Input and contributions
    

    

    
Please =
reach out if you find this work interesting and would like to help!

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Users Survey 2026
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocaml-users-survey-2026/18026/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
On behalf of the OCaml Software Foundatio=
n (OCSF), I'm delighted to announce the OCaml Users Survey 2026.=
 We invite you to take 10 to 15 minutes to fill it out and to share it with=
 other OCaml programmers.

    


    
Survey link: https:/=
/forms.gle/gt5nikqUmoQWeYYQ9

    


    
https://forms.gle/gt5nikqUm=
oQWeYYQ9

    


    
The survey will remain open until May 25th, 2026 (AOE).

    


    
This year's edition builds on the 2023 iteration. Many questions are kept=
 comparable so we can track trends over time, while others have been refres=
hed, fixed, or added based on community feedback gathered earlier this year=
 (feedback thread). Notable additions inc=
lude questions on AI/LLM tooling and on debugging & profiling.

    


    
A few notes:

    


      

    • The survey is administered via Google Forms but configured to not require signing in to a Google account, and answers are not tied to any a=
ccount. As a consequence, your progress is not saved if you close yo=
ur browser tab before finishing.
      • 

    • All questions are optional.
      • 

    • Please avoid entering personal information in free-form text fields: th=
e raw responses will be made available to the community alongside the summa=
ry report. We will redact what we detect, but may miss some.
      • 

    • As an official OCaml online space, this survey has adopted the OCaml Code of Conduct.<=
/li>

    


    
Results will be published on the OCSF website and announced here on discuss=
.ocaml.org.

    


    
Thank you in advance for your participation, and please share the survey wi=
dely!

    


    
– Sabine Schmaltz, on behalf of the OCaml Software Foundation

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Web tutorials
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-web-tutorials/18039/1

    

    

    

    Fr=C3=A9d=C3=A9ric Loyer announced
    

    

    
I have started a series of OCaml Web tutorials. The idea is to try multiple=
 libraries and see how they fit together. (But the Dream framework document=
 and example set is quite good enough, I will not paraphrase it).

    


    
For the moment, I have only tried a Server Side Rendering, but I plan to tr=
y a Client Side Rendering where Ocsigen (and Vdom ?=E2=80=A6) could be welc=
omed.

    


    
The idea is to propose a dummy application that use what most people would =
expect from a Web Framework (form handling, database accesses, =E2=80=A6)

    


    
See OCam web tutorials=


    

    

    

    

    Calascibetta Romain then suggested
    

    

    
You can take an inspiration from the tutorial we made about vif, it shows you websocket=
 stuffs at the end and include caqti and tyxml :s=
light_smile:

    

    

    

    

    

    Valkey 0.3.1: client-side caching, blocking pools, IAM auth an=
d mTLS
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t=
/valkey-0-3-1-client-side-caching-blocking-pools-iam-auth-and-mtls/18041/1<=
/a>

    

    

    

    Avi Fenesh announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
I wanted to share that valkey.0.3.1 is now on opam.

    


    
This is the next release after the 0.2.0 announcement. The sho=
rt version: a few of the roadmap items from that post are now shipped =E2=
=80=94 client-side caching, blocking-command pools, IAM auth, and mTLS.

    


    opam update
opam install valkey eio_main

    


    
Repo and docs: https:=
//github.com/avifenesh/ocaml-valkey

    


    
The largest new feature is client-side caching.

    


    
valkey now supports Valkey CLIENT TRACKING with a=
 bounded in-process LRU cache, RESP3 invalidation push handling, single-fli=
ght protection, optional TTL safety net, and metrics. It works in both stan=
dalone and cluster mode, and supports the three tracking shapes I wanted to=
 cover:

    


      

    • default tracking
      • 

    • BCAST prefix tracking
      • 

    • OPTIN tracking
      • 

    


    
The cluster path was the tricky part. OPTIN reads need CLIENT CACHING=
 YES to stay adjacent to the actual read on the wire, including acro=
ss MOVED / ASK redirects. That is now handled inside the client rather than=
 pushed onto callers.

    


    
The second big addition is a blocking-command pool.

    


    
The normal client is still built around multiplexed connections, which is t=
he right shape for regular traffic. But commands such as BLPOP=
, BRPOP, BLMOVE, BLMPOP, BZPOP=
*, XREAD BLOCK, and XREADGROUP BLOCK are i=
ntentionally blocking on the server side. Sending one of those through the =
normal multiplexed FIFO can freeze unrelated requests queued behind it.

    


    
0.3.x adds a narrow per-node lease pool for those commands. Bl=
ocking calls lease an exclusive connection for the duration of the command,=
 while regular traffic continues on the normal client. The pool is bounded,=
 has typed errors, handles topology changes, and is off by default unless c=
onfigured.

    


    
The third addition is IAM auth and mTLS.

    


    
There is now a first-class Connection.Auth.provider abstractio=
n instead of only static username/password config. That means every initial=
 handshake and reconnect can pull fresh credentials from a provider.

    


    
On top of that, the library now includes:

    


      

    • pure OCaml AWS SigV4 signing for ElastiCache IAM auth
      • 

    • an auto-refreshing IAM provider
      • 

    • Client.connect_with_iam
      • 

    • live AUTH refresh support
      • 

    • mTLS client certificate configuration via Tls_config.with_client_=
cert
      • 

    


    
The IAM path does not depend on the AWS SDK. The signer is implemented in O=
Caml and tested against AWS SigV4 test vectors.

    


    
There were also a few correctness and operability improvements:

    


      

    • OpenTelemetry spans for connect, cluster discovery, and topology refres=
h
      • 

    • cache and blocking-pool metric bridges
      • 

    • tighter TLS / connection error redaction
      • 

    • better MOVED / ASK / topology-refresh behavior under cluster changes

    • fixes around WATCH / MULTI / EXEC when slot ownership changes during an=
 atomic flow
      • 

    • more tests around CSC invalidation, cluster migration, blocking-pool be=
havior, IAM refresh, and mTLS config
      • 

    


    
0.3.1 itself is a small follow-up to make the opam sandbox tes=
ts clean: the mTLS config tests now use committed test fixtures instead of =
depending on generated certs from the local development scripts.

    


    
The project is still alpha, and the API may still change before 1.0, but the surface is getting closer to the shape I originally wanted: =
an OCaml 5 / Eio-native Valkey client that treats cluster behavior, RESP3, =
modern Valkey features, and production failure modes as first-class concern=
s.

    


    
I would especially appreciate feedback from people who use OCaml in product=
ion on:

    


      

    • API shape and naming
      • 

    • Eio ergonomics
      • 

    • docs clarity
      • 

    • whether the caching / blocking-pool / IAM APIs feel natural
      • 

    • what should be prioritized before 1.0
      • 

    


    
Next things on the roadmap are still Valkey module support =E2=80=94 JSON, =
search, bloom =E2=80=94 and a deeper pre-1.0 audit pass.

    


    
If you try it, I=E2=80=99d love to hear what feels good, what feels awkward=
, and what is missing.

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    




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    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of July 08 to 15, 2025.

    



    

    OCaml Language Committee: an update on a policy for conflicts =
of interest
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocam=
l.org/t/ocaml-language-committee-an-update-on-a-policy-for-conflicts-of-int=
erest/16927/1

    

    

    

    octachron announced
    

    

    
When discussing the proposition for include functors, the language committee fe=
lt in the rabbit hole of discussing conflict of interests.

    


    
After some discussions, as the current committee chair, I have decided to p=
ropose to amend the committee description with our current understanding of=
 transparency-based policy for conflicts of interest at https://github.com/ocaml/RFCs/pull/55 .

    


    
The core idea behind that policy is that in a small-world community like ou=
rs, trying to completely avoid conflicts would be counter-productive. At th=
e same time, making sure that anyone is aware of potential conflicts is fai=
rer for all participants.

    


    
Thus the current proposal, which is not definitive. In particular, if we ha=
ve any comments, you are more than welcome to participate in the discussion=
 in the RFC above.

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml intern for Claudius
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-intern-for-claudius/16935/1

    

    

    

    Shreya Pawaskar announced
    

    

    
Hello Everyone! =F0=9F=91=8B=F0=9F=91=8B

    


    
I am Shreya Pawaskar, an outreachy intern working on the Claudius Project.=
=20

    


    
A little late to post my blogs here. But here we go!

    


    
This is my first blog. Here I've talked about my experience during the=
 contribution phase and my fav contribution.=20

    


    
And here's the second one. This one is all about the journey and the l=
earnings I made working with ocaml-gif. And ofcourse, the beautiful cover i=
mage for my second blog is built and captured with Claudius!

    

    

    

    

    

    An example for every OCaml package
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/an-example-for-every-ocaml-pac=
kage/16953/1

    

    

    

    John Whitington announced
    

    

    
(One day, maybe).

    


    
Wouldn't it be nice if every OCaml package had examples as well as document=
ation? As part of a pilot programme funded by the OCaml Software Foundation=
, I've been looking into the feasibility of such an idea.

    


    
What do we mean by examples, and what distinguishes them from documentation=
 and from tests?

    


    
What an example is

    


      

    • Examples are independent of the library they explain. They do not requi=
re the source of the library, or any built artefacts.
      • 


    • Examples are self-contained. They require only OCaml, a build system, a=
nd the library in question to be installed.
      • 


    • Examples are easy to build. They are built in a single command, and do =
not depend on environment.
      • 


    • Examples are easy to edit and play with. They are of a reasonable size,=
 split into chunks, and are commented liberally.
      • 


    • Examples use standard techniques. Both in how the library is used, and =
in how the OCaml code is written.
      • 


    • Examples are open licensed. Users should be able to copy & paste co=
de from the examples without care.
      • 

    


    
What an example is not

    


      

    • Examples are not tests. Unlike tests, examples do not care about code c=
overage, cannot be automatically generated, and need not necessarily be tig=
htly integrated into the source repository.
      • 


    • Examples are not in the API documentation. Examples need to be buildabl=
e, and separate from the API documentation. This is not to say that they mi=
ght then not be automatically imported into the API documentation one day.<=
/li>


    • Examples need not be comprehensive. Better a small example than no exam=
ple at all. So long as the basics of an API are introduced, the cliff is cl=
imbed and the API documentation should thereafter suffice.
      • 

    


    
Pilot project plan

    


    
The plan was to build small examples for about twenty packages, put togethe=
r a place for them to live, and then try to upstream them. The examples' ho=
me, prior to upstreaming, is the OCaml Nursery:

    


    
https://github.=
com/johnwhitington/ocaml-nursery

    


    
Most of these little examples have been submitted to upstream - you may hav=
e noticed the pull requests on your repositories - with varying degrees of =
interest / success.

    


    
Opinions requested, please!

    


    
Are you interested in adding examples for your package or someone else's pa=
ckage? To the nursery or to upstream? What do you think of the definition o=
f example I gave above? Do you think examples should sit in a separate spac=
e like the nursery or be upstreamed or both? Opinions requested on all thos=
e topics, please!

    

    

    

    

    

    Esa 0.1.0 - Enhanced Suffix Arrary(and further plans)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-esa-0-=
1-0-enhanced-suffix-arrary-and-further-plans/16956/1

    

    

    

    Geoffrey Borough announced
    

    

    
I just ported the original C++ Enhanced Suffix Tree to pure OCaml, you can =
find it here: https://github.co=
m/gborough/esa.

    


    
It's the first time I have attempted at writing low allocation/no allocatio=
n code in OCaml and I must say this has been a great learning experience fo=
r the past few weeks, and it makes me appreciate more how OCaml is able to =
provide low level tunings that match other low level languages, whilst stay=
ing functional at the same time.

    


    
One of my personal goals(also our company tech alignment) is to bring OCaml=
 up to the same level of convenience as Python in some areas of AI/L=
LM. We are inspired by existing efforts in the OCaml community to take on t=
his challenge and our plan of attack will be more or less similar. Currentl=
y we are tackling the following problems:

    


      

    • Porting Google Sentencepiece(in progress): Enhanced Suffix Arrary done =
as a dependency, Double-Array Trie and few other tokenizer utilities in pro=
gress.
      • 

    • Porting Hugging Face Tokenizers(in progress): Pending the completion of=
 sentencepiece though less dependent codes are being converted.
      • 

    


    
The end product probably contains a mixture of pure OCaml as well as a fair=
 amount of FFI code. I dread to think how they are going to look like obvio=
usly there will be a ton of verbatim translations to OCaml, but I have litt=
le doubt about matching C++/Rust performance most of the time. We'll also l=
ook into the upcoming OxCaml extension to see if more performance can be ek=
ed out.

    


    
Hopefully we will have something to show for the community in the near futu=
re.

    

    

    

    

    

    Tutorial: cut and pasting code
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/tutorial-cut-and-pasting-code/16957=
/1

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli announced
    

    

    
Dear all,=20

    


    
I sometimes notice that my code gets cut and pasted or vendored litterally =
or modified in other projects. That's very fine, it's the reason why=
 I publish almost all my code under a license that makes that extremely simple.=20

    


    
Yet people often fail to abide by the simple, single phrase request of the =
license which is (emphasis added):

    


    

    
Copyright (c) [year] [fullname]

    


    
Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

    

    


    
In all my source files you can find a header that has the copyright notice =
and a SPDX license identifier as per convention (example). So I kindly ask you when you reuse my code:

    


      

    1. 
If you copy the whole file to retain that copyright header. Reformatting
the header is ok. Also if you end up reworking the code significantly=20
indicating:

      

      (* Part of this code is based on the xxx project and
   Copyright (c) 2020 The xxx programmers.
   SPDX-License-Identifier: ISC *)

      

      
works for me.

      2. 


    2. 
If you copy say a single function please add a comment with the copyright
notice and the SPDX license identifier. For example:

      

      (* This code is Copyright (c) 2011 The xxx programmers.
    SPDX-License-Identifier: ISC *)

      3. 


    3. If you end up vendoring a significant part of the code without modifying
it (that is if technically you depend on the project) please mention it=20
in your toplevel LICENSE file.
      4. 

    


    
Now let's be clear, I will not call the police if don't do this or if you p=
retend to have written code you did not. Police and lawyers are at the top =
of the list of people I do not want to deal with or inflict onto other peop=
le.

    


    
What I'm seeking here is attribution. Not for having my name in your projec=
t, I couldn't care less and the copyrights of my projects are contributor b=
ased anyways. This is so that the code contribution can be traced for the l=
ittle times I manage to convince people to pay me for making them rather th=
an investing my own money in these projects.

    


    
Btw. this should not only be about my code. This is about any open source c=
ode you cut and paste from (and I also do this).=20

    


    
Ah and yes, please, if you are using them, also teach your LLMs to do that.=
 If they are able to write OCaml code it's also thanks to me :=E2=80=93)

    


    
Thank for your attention.=20

    


    
Daniel

    

    

    

    

    

    QCheck 0.24
    

    

    
Archive: ht=
tps://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-qcheck-0-24/16198/3

    

    

    

    Jan Midtgaard announced
    

    

    
QCheck 0.26 is now available from your favorite opam repository! :tada:

    


    
https://github.com/c-=
cube/qcheck/releases

    


    
The 0.26 release adjusts the QCheck and QCheck2 <=
code>float generator distributions, which was previously confined to=
 a subset of floating point numbers. Users may experience that existing tes=
ts known to pass start to fail with the new and broader distribution. In ad=
dition the release contains a number of other fixes and documentation impro=
vements, incl. the removal of an annoying newline which would cause the tes=
t suite to fail on OCaml 5.4.0:

    


      

    • Align printed collect statistics and also add a percentage=

      • 

    • Fix QCheck{,2}.Gen.float generator which would only genera=
te numbers with an exponent between 2^{-21} and 2^{22}
      • 

    • Elaborate on the QCheck~/~QCheck2 situation in the README<=
/li>

    • Add a missing description field to the *.opam files
      • 

    • Document Shrink invariants in the QCheck modu=
le
      • 

    • Fix a qcheck-ounit test suite failure on OCaml 5.4, removi=
ng a needless extra newline
      • 

    • Fix QCheck2 float_range operator which would =
fail on negative bounds
      • 

    • Fix QCHECK_MSG_INTERVAL not being applied to the first in-=
progress message
      • 

    


    
Thanks to @Pat-Lafon, @rmonat, and @kit-ty-kate for contributing! :pray:

    

    

    

    

    

    New Odoc-3-Generated Package Documentation is Live on OCaml.or=
g
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/n=
ew-odoc-3-generated-package-documentation-is-live-on-ocaml-org/16967/1

    

    

    

    Sabine Schmaltz announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
I just merged the patch https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml.org/pull/3124 which enables the ne=
w and improved package documentation built with odoc 3 on OCaml.org. Thanks=
 @mtelvers, @jonludlam, @panglesd for putting in the effort to make this ha=
ppen for OCaml.org!

    


    
Thanks to everyone who gave us feedback when we ran this on the staging env=
ironment (https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/hel=
p-test-the-new-odoc-3-powered-package-documentation-pages/16795/6), we'=
re reasonably confident that things work well enough to apply this upgrade.=
 :orange_heart:=20

    


    
In case you see something that could be improved, please let us know (by re=
plying here or by opening an issue on https://github.com/ocaml/ocaml.org)!

    


    
Cheers
Sabine

    

    

    

    

    

    Lwt.6.0.0~alpha (direct-style)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-lwt-6-0-0-alpha-direct-style=
/16972/1

    

    

    

    Rapha=C3=ABl Proust announced
    

    

    
It is a great pleasure to announce the release of the first alpha release o=
f Lwt 6. This major version bump brings two major changes to Lwt:

    


      

    • Using Lwt in direct-style! (Big thanks to @c-cube !!)
      • 

    • Using multiple Lwt schedulers running in separate domains!
      • 

    

    

    

    Direct-style
    

    

    
This contribution from @c-cube is available in alpha00. It comes in the for=
m of an lwt_direct package which provide an Lwt_direct module which provide two core functions:

    


    

    val run : (unit -&=
gt; 'a) -> 'a Lwt.t
val await : 'a Lwt.=
t -> 'a

    

    


    
and allows you to write code such as

    


    

    run (fun () ->
  let continue =3D ref true in
  while !continue do
    match await <=
span style=3D"color: #a52a2a;">@@ Lw=
t_io.read_line ic with
    | line -> await @@ Lwt_io.write_line oc line
    | exception <=
span style=3D"color: #242521; background-color: #fcf7ef;">End_of_file -> continue :=3D false
  done)

    

    


    
There are a few more functions. All of which is documented in =
lwt_direct.mli.

    

    

    

    

    Multi-scheduler
    

    

    
This addition is not available in alpha00 but should be added to alpha01 so=
on. It allows to call Lwt_main.run in different domains and be=
nefit from actual parallelism. (Sneak peek in this pull request)

    

    

    

    

    Installation
    

    

    
lwt.6.0.0~alpha00 and lwt_direct.6.0.0~alpha00 wi=
ll soon be released on opam (PR on opam-repo. I'll publish some more alphas as the=
 work progresses, and announce the releases on this thread.

    


    
You can also pin the packages to the lwt-6 branch to get everything a littl=
e bit earlier:

    


    opam pin lwt https://github.com/ocsigen/lwt.git#lwt-6
opam pin lwt_direct https://github.com/ocsigen/lwt.git#lwt-6

    

    

    

    

    Feedback
    

    

    
Don't hesitate to chime in on here with any feedback you may have. Ideas, c=
omments, requests, suggestions, etc.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    MirageOS on Unikraft
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/mirageos-on-unikraft/16975/1

    

    

    

    shym announced
    

    

    
On behalf of all the developers involved (namely @fabbing, @Firobe, @n-osbo=
rne and me), it=E2=80=99s my pleasure to announce that the first release of=
 the Unikraft backend support in Mirag=
eOS unikernels.

    


    
Unikraft is a unikernel development ki=
t: it is a pretty large collection of components that can be picked up, or not, in th=
e unikernel tradition of modularity. The scope of Unikraft is much larger t=
han Solo5, as it aims to ma=
ke it easy to turn any Unix server into an efficient unikernel.
This was in fact a first motivation to explore using Unikraft as MirageOS b=
ackend: to experiment and see what performance we could get, in particular =
using their virtio-based network interface, as virtio is implemented currently only for one specific x86_64-onl=
y backend in Solo5.

    


    
Some of the immediate performance differences we observed are detailed furt=
her, but that is not all we hope from this Unikraft backend in the long-ter=
m. In particular, Unikraft is on the road to be multicore-compatible (i.e. =
having one unikernel use multiple cores). While this is not ready today and=
 there are still significant efforts to get there, it means that this Mirag=
eOS backend will be able to benefit from these efforts and eventually suppo=
rt the full feature set of OCaml 5.

    


    
Furthermore, the Unikraft community (which is quite active) is experimentin=
g with a variety of other targets such as bare-metal for some platforms or =
new hypervisors (e.g. seL4). Any new target Unikraft supports can be then s=
upported "for free" by MirageOS too. For example, this already brings firecracker as a new supported VMM for MirageOS.

    


    
Lastly, since Unikraft is POSIX-compatible (for a large subset of syscalls)=
, this potentially enables MirageOS unikernel to embed OCaml libraries that=
 have not been ported to use the Mirage interfaces in the future. This woul=
d be useful for large libraries which are hard to port (owl comes to mind).

    

    

    

    Overview of the Unikraft support
    

    

    
To add new MirageOS backends requires to create or modify a series of compo=
nents:

    




    
Using Unikraft with a QEMU or a Firecracker backend is as simple as choosin=
g the unikraft-qemu target or the unikraft-firecracker one when configuring a unikernel.

    

    

      

    • The OCaml/Unikraft cross compiler
      

      

      
To build the OCaml cro=
ss compiler to Unikraft, we use the Un=
ikraft core, the Unikraft lib-musl and musl its=
elf. musl is the C library recommend=
ed by Unikraft to build programs using the POSIX interface. This made it ea=
sy to build the OCaml 5 runtime, in particular because it provides an imple=
mentation of the pthread API which is now used in many places =
in the runtime[^*]. This could also make it easier to port some libraries t=
hat depend on Unix to work on Unikraft backends.

      


      
[^*]: Adding support for Thread-Local Storage has been a large part of the =
work to get OCaml 5 working on Solo5: even if the creation of threads is no=
t supported, TLS is still necessary to get the runtime to compile.

      


      
The OCaml cross compiler per se builds upo=
n the work that has been upstreamed to ease the creation=
 of cross compilers, using almost the same series of patches than for <=
code>ocaml-solo5. So the only version of the compiler that is curren=
tly supported for OCaml/Unikraft is OCaml 5.3. Almost all the patches will =
be in the upcoming OCaml 5.4 and there should no longer be any patches requ=
ired by OCaml 5.5.

      


      
Note that we didn=E2=80=99t go with the full standard Unikraft POSIX stack,=
 which includes lwIP=
 to provide network support. We had a prototype at some point relying o=
n lwIP to validate our progress on other building blocks but it raised many=
 incompatibility issues with the standard MirageOS network stack so we drop=
ped support for lwIP in that first release; we developed instead the librar=
ies required to plug the MirageOS stacks into the low-level interfaces prov=
ided by the Unikraft core.

      

      

      • 

    • The new MirageOS libraries for Unikraft suppor=
t
      

      

      
The Unikraft support comes with packages using the standard names: mi=
rage-block-unikraft and mirage-net-unikraft to support =
the block and network devices. Those libraries are implemented directly on =
top of the low-level Unikraft APIs, and so are using virtio on=
 both QEMU and Firecracker VMMs.
To evaluate the quality of the implementations for those devices, we ran a =
couple of small benchmarks. You can find those benchmarks (the unikernels a=
long with some scripts to set them up and run them) in the benchmarks=
 directory in @Firobe=E2=80=99s fork of mirage-skeleton, benchmarks=
 branch.=20

      

      

        

      • Network device
        

        

        
To measure the performance of the network stack, we have tweaked the simple=
 network skeleton unikernel to compute some statistics and us=
ed a variable number of clients all sending 512MB of null bytes. We have ru=
n this benchmark both on a couple of x86_64 laptops and on a L=
X2160 aarch64 board, all running a GNU/Linux OS.

        


        
We have observed a lot of variability in the performance of the solo5=
-spt unikernel (sometimes better, sometimes worse than unikraf=
t-qemu) depending on the actual computer used, so those measures sho=
uld be read with a grain of salt.

        


        
On two different x86_64 laptops:

        



        

        3D"0ee00c0dca5cb89=

        

        



        

        3D"d8b19b3acbfb283a=

        

        


        
On the LX2160 aarch64 board:

        



        

        3D"fd4364c26dbd295=

        

        

        

        • 

      • Block device
        

        

        
To measure the performance of the block devices, we wrote a simple unikerne=
l copying data from one disk to another. We can see that the performance of=
 unikraft-qemu is lower than solo5-hvt for small =
buffer sizes; fortunately, the situation improves with larger buffer sizes.=
 We ran this benchmark only on a x86_64 laptop as there=E2=80=
=99s currently an issue with two block devices on aarch64 on Unikraft.

        



        

        3D"ee6f=

        

        


        
It is worth mentioning that I/Os can be parallelised, which also gives a si=
gnificant performance boost. Indeed, mirage-block-unikraft can=
 leverage the parallelised virtio backend of QEMU and Firecracker; it takes=
 care of limiting I/Os to what the hardware supports in terms of both paral=
lelism and sector size.=20

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    • Current limitations
      

      

        

      1. In our tests only Linux appeared well supported to compile Unikraft at =
the moment so we=E2=80=99ve restricted our packages to that OS for now.
        2. 

      2. Unikraft supports various backends itself; in this first release, we=E2=
=80=99ve only added support and tested its two major ones: QEMU and Firecracker.
        3. 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    How to use
    

    

    
To try the new Unikraft backend for MirageOS, you need to use an OCaml 5.3 =
switch, so create one first if needed. Then add our opam overlay to get acc=
ess to our latest versions of the packages until they are published on the =
standard repository and install mirage and the OCaml/Unikraft =
cross compiler. The short version could be:

    


    $ opam switch create unikraft-test 5.3.0
$ opam repo add mirage-unikraft-overlays https://github.com/Firobe/mirage-u=
nikraft-overlays.git
$ opam install mirage ocaml-unikraft-backend-qemu ocaml-unikraft-x86_64

    


    
See below for some explanations about the numerous OCaml/Unikraft packages.

    


    
>>From then on, you can follow the standard procedure (see how to install MirageOS and how to build a hello-world unikernel) to b=
uild your unikernel with the Unikraft backend of your choice.

    


    $ mirage configure -t unikraft-qemu
$ make

    

    

      

    • Details about the various packages for the OCa=
ml/Unikraft cross compiler
      

      

      
The OCaml cross compil=
er to Unikraft is split up into 14 packages (see the PR to opam-repository for more details) so that users can:

      


        

      • choose which of the backends (QEMU or Firecracker) and which of the arc=
hitectures (x86_64 and arm64) they want to instal=
l, where all combinations can be installed at the same time,
        • 

      • choose which architecture is generated when they use the unikraft=
 ocamlfind toolchain by installing one of the two ocaml-unikra=
ft-default-<arch> package,
        • 

      • install the ocaml-unikraft-option-debug to enable the (rea=
lly verbose!) debugging messages.
        • 

      


      
The virtual packages can be installed to make sure one of the architecture-=
specific packages is indeed installed:

      


        

      • ocaml-unikraft can be installed to make sure that there is=
 indeed a unikraft ocamlfind toolchain installed,
        • 

      • ocaml-unikraft-backend-qemu and ocaml-unikraft-backe=
nd-firecracker can be intalled to make sure that the unikraft<=
/code> ocamlfind toolchain supports the corresponding backend.
        • 

      


      
Those virtual packages will be used in particular by the mirage tool when the target is unikraft-qemu or unikraft-fire=
cracker.

      


      
All those packages use one of two version numbers. The backend packages use=
 the Unikraft version number they are using, while the OCaml compiler packa=
ges per se use version 1.0.0.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Conclusion
    

    

    
This is a first release, which we are experimenting with; we expect to run =
it in production in the coming months but it may need improvements neverthe=
less. Notably absent from this release is an early attempt to leverage Unik=
raft=E2=80=99s POSIX compatibility to implement Mirage interfaces instead o=
f hooking directly to Unikraft=E2=80=99s internal components. This early ve=
rsion used Unikraft=E2=80=99s lwIP-based network stack instead=
 of Mirage=E2=80=99s (fooling Mirage into thinking it was running on Unix),=
 and it may be interesting to revisit this kind of deployment, in particula=
r for easy inclusion of unix-only OCaml libraries in unikernels.

    


    
We are eager for reviews, comments and discussion on the implementation, de=
sign and approach of this new Mirage backend, and hope it will be useful to=
 others.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of March 18 to 25, 2025.

    



    

    Ocsigen migrating to effect-based concurrency
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-ocsigen-mig=
rating-to-effect-based-concurrency/16327/1

    

    

    

    Vincent Balat announced
    

    

    
We're delighted to announce that the Ocsige=
n project has just launched one of its most ambitious changes: moving f=
rom Lwt to effects-based concurrency.

    


    
If this experiment goes well, it will be another step towards simplifying W=
eb development in OCaml, by eliminating the need for monads.

    


    
Of course we will try to make this transition as smooth as possible, by pro=
viding a compatibility interface for application developers, and tools to h=
elp Web and mobile developers to do the transition themselves if they want =
to. These tools will be released in order to help other projects to do the =
transition and avoid incompatibilities between OCaml libraries as much as p=
ossible.=20

    


    
This work was made possible thanks to the support of the NGI Zero Core fund through the Nlnet foundation, and is perfomed by Tarides.

    


    
Read the full announcement by Tarides.

    

    

    

    

    

    Slipshow!
    

    

    
Archive: https=
://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-slipshow/16337/1

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
Dear reader,

    


    
I am absolutely thrilled to announce the r=
elease of slipshow 0.1.1 on this forum! As you have all notice=
d, that is a huge leap from the previous v=
ersion, 0.0.34. (What can have motivated this?)

    


    
Recall that Slipshow i=
s a tool to prepare presentation support, that is based on scripted scrolli=
ng and zooming (instead of slides).

    


    
I'll use this single thread to announce all future versions of slipshow, to=
 avoid polluting the global namespace, as it makes sense to keep this forum=
 centered around OCaml, and this tool has nothing to do with OCaml …

    


    
… well, almost nothing to do with OCaml, since in this version the e=
ngine has been fully rewritten in OCaml (hence the bold new version) and wo=
rks much better! Making it a full OCaml project. Thanks, OCaml developers o=
f open source libraries and language!

    


    
To upgrade it, you can do:

    


    $ opam update
$ opam upgrade slipshow

    


    
What? Some people don't have it installed already? For those, it will be:

    


    $ opam update
$ opam install slipshow

    


    
Now comes the moment you are all waiting for: the list of new features!

    


    
TLDR:

    

      

    • Engine rewritten in OCaml

        

      • Fewer bugs when navigating back
        • 

      • Stronger foundation (eg, for subslips)
        • 

      • Custom scripts requires minor adjustments
        • 

      • Breaking change in subslip HTML
        • 

      • 

    • Drawing now in SVG

        

      • No more zoom issues
        • 

      • Erasing works "per-stroke"
        • 

      • 

    • Revamped table of content

        

      • Now based on title structure rather than subslips
        • 

      • 

    • New --markdown-output flag for converting to GFM
      • 

    • Parser bugfixes
      • 

    • License change: Now GPLv3 (previously MIT)
      • 

    • npm distribution discontinued.
      • 

    • Special thanks to NLNet for their sponsorship!
      • 

    


    
Dear readers,

    


    
I am thrilled to announce the 0.1 release of Slipshow, the slip-based prese=
ntation tool!

    


    
This is a major minor release. While versi=
ons 0.0.1 to 0.0.33 have served well to experimen=
t, this release marks a fresh start, aimed at being a solid foundation for =
a project with a clear direction. A huge thank you to NLNet for sponsoring this milestone!

    


    
So, what is new? Quite a lot, the main change being that the engine has bee=
n fully rewritten.

    

    

    

    The engine
    

    

    
Started as a single file javascript project, the old engine evolved present=
ation by presentation – leading to numerous bugs, maintenance challe=
nge or extensibility issue. (In other word, I did all I could not to touch =
it despite all the bugs)

    


    
This release introduces a complete rewrite of the engine in OCaml, with new=
 design choices that improve reliability and expandability. Let's go over t=
he key benefits and breaking changes.

    

    

      

    • Navigating Forward… and Backward
      

      

      
One of the greatest weakness of the old engine was handling backward naviga=
tion. Since it started as a simple "script scheduler", going back wasn't st=
raightforward. The workaround involved taking a snapshot of… everyth=
ing (the DOM, the state, …), to be able to go back in time.

      


      
This had many bugs, in animations (such as the "focus" action), and in its =
iteraction with other features (such as drawing).

      


      
So, what is new in this engine? The engine now records an undo function for=
 each step of the presentation. While this may not sound much, it is a ton =
better in terms of development. It's a much stronger foundation to build ne=
w features from. It's also much more
efficient for long presentations.

      


      
In most cases, your old presentations will work without modification in the=
 new engine. However, there is one case where it needs modification: when y=
ou include the execution of a custom script in your presentation. In this c=
ase, you need to return the function undo to undo the executed step: see th=
e documentation! (This is not ideal and better solutions are bein=
g experimented)

      

      

      • 

    • Writing
      

      

      
Previously, live annotations used the excellent atrament library. While great in many cases, it=
s bitmap-based approach caused blurriness when zooming.

      


      
This release introduces a custom SVG-based annotation system, which elimina=
tes zoom issues. Another change: erasing now works stroke-by-stroke instead=
 of pixel-by-pixel.

      

      

      • 

    • Table of content
      

      

      
The old table of contents was based on the slip structure, which didn=E2=80=
=99t work well for presentations that primarily used a single slip (as is o=
ften the case with compiled presentations).

      


      
The new sidebar-style table of contents is now generated from headers, maki=
ng it more intuitive and aligned with the presentation=E2=80=99s structure=
=E2=80=94resulting in a much smoother navigation experience!

      

      

      • 

    • Breaking change: Subslips
      

      

      
The HTML structure for subslips has evolved, in particuler to avoid having =
to provide the scale of your subslips.

      


      
Support for subslip in the new engine is not mature and will be announced i=
n the next release, but bear in mind that if your presentation relies on th=
em, you might want to wait a bit before migrating to the new engine!

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Compiler
    

    

    
While this release focuses on the engine, the compiler has also seen improv=
ements, including bug fixes (particularly in the parser) and a new feature:

    

    

      

    • --markdown-output for markdown ex=
ports
      

      

      
If you want to print your presentation or host it as a static webpage, the =
default format can be cluttered with annotations. The new --markdown-=
output flag lets you generate a clean, GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM=
) file without annotations.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Other
    

    

    
A small but maybe important note: the license has changed, the project has =
transitioned from MIT to GPLv3, aligning better with its values.

    

    

    

    

    Conclusion
    

    

    
Looking forward to your bug reports!

    

    

    

    

    

    Christian Lindig asked and Paul-Elliot replied
    

    

    

    
Could you link to a demo presentation done with this tool?

    

    


    
Sure!

    


    
Here=
 is a presentation of the tool itself, in French. The source file for it is=
 here.

    


    
Here is a math presentation using more features (made using a previous=
 version of the engine, which had more features and more bugs).

    


    
Here=
 is the historical first presentation made in Slipshow (made with the worst=
 version of the engine).

    


    
(I include presentations made with old versions of the engine to give an id=
ea of what you can do, as the new engine is very new I don't have many exam=
ples using it, and it has some breaking changes which makes porting old pre=
sentations using too many features hard to port!)

    

    

    

    

    Daniel B=C3=BCnzli added
    

    

    
Here=
 is a non-dogfooded one.

    

    

    

    

    

    Odoc 3.0 released!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-odoc-3-0-released/16339/1

    

    

    

    Jon Ludlam announced
    

    

    
On behalf of the Odoc development team, I=E2=80=99m delighted to announce t=
he release of Odoc 3! This is a big big release with loads of new features =
and bug fixes, and I encourage everyone to install it and have a play!

    


    
For an overview of the new features see our beta release announcement. tl=
;dr:

    


    $ opam install odoc-driver # will install odoc 3
$ odoc_driver odoc odoc-parser odoc-driver odoc-md sherlodoc --remap

    


    
and point your browser at _html/index.html. This example shows=
 odoc_driver creating the docs for the 5 packages specified and remapping l=
inks to other packages (see here for an explanation)

    


    
If you try the above command, you'll note something interesting, and hopefu=
lly this will encourage you to run odoc_driver on your own pac=
kages before you release them, as then you'll be able to avoid slightly emb=
arrassing post-release fixes like this one =F0=9F=98=AC

    


    
Here are the changes from the beta release:

    

    




    

    

    

    4th editor tooling dev-meeting: 28th of March
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-4th-editor-t=
ooling-dev-meeting-28th-of-march/16346/1

    

    

    

    PizieDust announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone, join us for the next Editor Public Dev-Meeting on Ma=
rch 28th! This session will feature a talk from Xavier (@xvw) on=
 the latest Emacs functionalities integrated with OCaml LSP serve=
r.

    


    
:clipboard: Meeting agenda:

    


      

    • A tour-de-table to allow the participants that wish to do so to present=
 themselves and mention issues / prs they are interested in.
      • 

    • Talk from Xavier and Q&A
      • 

    • Discuss issues and pull requests that were tagged in advance or mention=
ed during the tour-de-table.
      • 


    • =F0=9F=94=B9 What=E2=80=99s new in Emacs for OCaml development?<=
/li>

    • =F0=9F=94=B9 How the latest LSP improvements enhance the experience?=

      • 

    • =F0=9F=94=B9 Live demo and discussion on upcoming features
      • 


    • =F0=9F=93=85 Date: March 28th
      • 

    • =F0=9F=95=90 Time: 4PM CET
      • 

    • =F0=9F=93=8D Location: https://meet.google.com/w=
rv-dovu-ypb
      • 

    


    
This is a great opportunity to learn about the latest improvements and shar=
e feedback with the community. Looking forward to seeing you there! =F0=9F=
=9A=80

    


    
Previous meeting notes are available in Merlin=E2=80=99s repository wiki<=
/a>

    


    
https://calendar.=
app.google/zPx5ZQ47C4dwq3437

    

    

    

    

    

    The Call for Papers for FUNARCH2025 is open!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/the-call-for-papers-f=
or-funarch2025-is-open/16350/1

    

    

    

    Jeffrey Young announced
    

    

    
Hello everyone,

    


    
This year I am chairing the Functional Architecture workshop colocated with=
 ICFP and SPLASH.

    


    
I'm happy to announce that the Call for Papers for FUNARCH2025 is open - deadline is June 16th! Send us research papers, experience reports, ar=
chitectural pearls, or submit to the open category! The idea behind the workshop is to cross poll=
inate the software architecture and functional programming discourse, and t=
o share techniques for constructing large long-lived systems in a functiona=
l language.

    


    
See FUNARCH2025 - ICFP/SPLASH for more info=
rmation. You may also browse previous year's submissions here and here.

    


    
See you in Singapore!

    

    

    

    

    

    Proposal for the replacement of Set and Map in the stdlib
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/proposa=
l-for-the-replacement-of-set-and-map-in-the-stdlib/16361/1

    

    

    

    Christophe Raffalli announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
While working on AVL for teaching I found an alternative to the AVL that se=
ems overall better than the current ocaml implementation. The code is avail=
able here: https=
://github.com/craff/ocaml-avl/tree/master. The Readme.md contains the i=
nequality needed to prove correctness and termination of the balancing func=
tion "join".

    


    
The idea is to replace the constraint

    


    |height left_son - height right_son| <=3D 2=20

    


    
By

    


    size left_son <=3D 2 * size right_son + 1
size right_son <=3D 2 * size left_son + 1

    


    
We see 3 advantages:

    


      

    • O(1) cardinal of set or map
      • 

    • slightly simpler code or at least not more complicated (see below)
      • 

    • seems faster in many cases (not always and strangely depends
on compilation options). Use dune exec ./test.exe for some
simple tests.
      • 

    


    
Before submitting a PR, I think it call be a good idea to call for comments=
 here.

    


    
Cheers,
Christophe

    

    

    

    

    

    A tool to reverse debug OCaml (and other binaries) runs
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-a-t=
ool-to-reverse-debug-ocaml-and-other-binaries-runs/16366/1

    

    

    

    Sid Kshatriya announced
    

    

    
I'd like to announce a debugging tool I've built ! It's called Software Counters mode rr .=20

    


    
It is available at http=
s://github.com/sidkshatriya/rr.soft

    


    
Many of you may have already heard of a debugger called rr – it allows you t=
o record and replay programs on Linux. It is extremely useful for instance =
to debug issues with garbage collection or other low level issues in native=
ly compiled OCaml programs. Once you capture a bug during the record phase,=
 that bug can be replayed any number of times during replay.

    


    
One major limitation of rr is that it requires access to CPU H=
ardware Performance counters which is usually not available in cloud VMs or=
 containers.

    


    
Software Counters mode rr =
is a modification of the rr debugger that lifts this limitatio=
n – access to CPU Hardware Performance counters is not required.=
 This means you can run rr in many more configurations.

    


    
I've been able to successfully record/replay the whole OCaml compiler test =
suite using Software Counters mode r=
r (Except for a single ocaml test called pr2195 which e=
xhausts the file descriptors).

    


    
I've also written a blog post about record/replay debugging generall=
y and Software Counters mode in particular=
. Please see here.

    

    

    

    

    

    Feedback request: New lesson on Lazy
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/feedback-request-new-lesson-o=
n-lazy/16372/1

    

    

    

    Jakub Svec announced
    

    

    
Hello,

    


    
I created a lesson on the Lazy module that I'd like to propose=
 for the language tutorials section of ocaml.org.

    


    
You can find the draft on HackMD

    


    
Please suggest anything you would like, I'm happy to make several rounds of=
 improvement.

    

    

    

    Lesson implementation decisions:
    

    

    
This lesson is focused on beginners.

    


    
The first draft of this lesson is 345 lines, which is on the shorter side c=
ompared to
other lessons.

    


    
The surface area of the Lazy module is small, so I took the op=
portunity to
supplement the lesson with a thorough explanation of evaluation strategies.=
 This is
supplemental, however, and can be shortened or removed based on your prefer=
ences.

    


    
Without the supplemental section, the lesson is only 200 lines long.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    OCaml Workshop 2025 at ICFP/SPLASH - announcement and call for=
 proposals
    

    

    
Archive: https://discus=
s.ocaml.org/t/ann-cfp-ocaml-workshop-2025-at-icfp-splash-announcement-and-c=
all-for-proposals/16373/1

    

    

    

    Kiran Gopinathan announced
    

    

    
Hihi everyone!!!

    


    
This year, the ICFP (Internation=
al conference on Functional Programming) Programming Languages conferences =
will be held in Singapore (colocated with SPLASH in fact!):

    



    

    3D"920=

    

    


    
Continuing this community's annual tradition from 2012, we will be hosting =
the OCaml workshop after the ICFP conference, on the 17th October 2025 (=
Friday). The workshop is intended to cover all different kinds of aspec=
ts of the OCaml programming language as well as the OCaml ecosystem and its=
 community, such as scientific and/or research-oriented, engineering and/or=
 user-oriented, as well as social and/or community-oriented.

    

    

    

    Call for talk proposals
    

    

    
The call for talk proposals for the workshop is now open!

    

    

      

    • Dates
      

      

      
Here are the important dates:

      


        

      • Talk proposal submission deadline: July 3rd (Thursday)
        • 

      • Author notification: August 7th (Thursday)
        • 

      • Workshop: October 17th (Friday)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    • Submissions
      

      

      
Submissions are typically around 2 pages long (flexible), describing the mo=
tivations of the work and what the presentation would be about.

      


      
We encourage everyone who might be interested in giving a talk to submit a =
proposal! We truly mean everyone, and also have strongly anyone in mind who=
 belongs to a group that=E2=80=99s traditionally underrepresented at OCaml =
workshops, e.g. due to your gender(s) or non-gender, where you=E2=80=99re f=
rom or based or whatever other kinds of characteristics you might have. You=
 should all be able to find all information you=E2=80=99ll need to submit a=
 proposal on the official call for talk proposals. =
However, if you have any question, don=E2=80=99t hesitate to ask us.

      

      

      • 

    • Quota on accepted talks per affiliation
      

      

      
Following the approach from last year which worked well, this year again we=
 will try to enforce a quota of a maximum of four talks given by speakers w=
ith the same company/university/institute affiliation. In order to guarante=
e a coverage of a diverse range of topics and perspectives, we=E2=80=99ll e=
xperiment with the same affiliation quota again.

      


      
Do not hesitate to submit your talk proposal in any case: quotas, if needed=
, will be taken into account by the PC after reviewing all submissions, so =
there=E2=80=99s no reason to self-select upfront.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    About the workshop itself
    

    

    
So far, we=E2=80=99ve only covered the talk proposals and formalities. The =
exciting part will be the workshop itself! The OCaml workshop is going to b=
e a whole-day event and, similarly to previous years, it=E2=80=99s likely g=
oing to have four sessions of about four talks each. It=E2=80=99s a fairly =
informal and interactive environment, where people engage in all kinds of c=
onversations about OCaml during the breaks and after the workshop.

    

    

      

    • Hybrid attendance and cost for speakers
      

      

      
We=E2=80=99re aiming to make the workshop hybrid with the same streaming mo=
dalities as last year, meaning that talks as well as participation can b=
e either in-person or remote, and remote attendance will be free=
. To promote a good atmosphere, communication and engagement, we prefer to =
have most talks in-person, but remote talks will be most welcome as well.

      


      
There may be opportunities for speakers who would not have funding otherwis=
e (via their employer or university) to attend, although we are still in th=
e process of confirming this. (Please keep an eye on this post, which will =
be updated once we get confirmation!)

      


      
We will do our best to provide the best workshop experience possible for re=
mote participants, within the constraints of the hybrid format. While atten=
ding in-person does come with advantages, it also comes with an environment=
al cost, and we strongly support transitioning to a less plane-intensive or=
ganization for conferences and community events :deciduous_tree: .

      

      

      • 

    • Related events
      

      

      
The day before the OCaml workshop, i.e. Oct 16th (Thursday), is the day of =
the ML workshop, with focus on more theoretical aspects of OCaml and=
 the whole family of ML languages in general. The ML workshop and tends to =
be very interesting for OCaml lovers as well.=20

      


      
That aside, this year, I believe, is the first year that both the ICFP and =
SPLASH programming languages conferences are going to be co-located, so thi=
s is an exciting opportunity to experience the whole breadth of two of the =
top-ranked PL conferences over the span of a week! What a time to be alive!

      


      
We=E2=80=99re looking forward to the the talk submissions and to the worksh=
op!
Let us know if you have any questions.
@Gopiandcode & @yasunariw

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of January 28 to Februar=
y 04, 2025.

    



    

    Opam repository archive - clarification of the opam fields
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-rep=
ository-archive-clarification-of-the-opam-fields/16050/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everyone,

    


    
we had further discussions about the semantics of x-maintenance-inten=
t, and hope to clarify in this post. Also, we adapted the policy whi=
ch is in the opam-repository git repository: https:/=
/github.com/ocaml/opam-repository/blob/master/governance/policies/archiving=
.md

    

    

    

    x-maintenance-intent
    

    

    
We've had some further discussions on Phase 3 and the semantics of the x-maintenance-intent field.

    

    

      

    • Goal
      

      

      
Our aim is to be not disruptive for the common OCaml programmer or user. Th=
e opam-repository supports (from February 1st on) OCaml 4.08 and greater. T=
his means that if you install OCaml 4.08 you should be able to install all =
the packages that have ever been released with 4.08 support.

      


      
The revised semantics of "(latest)" is "the latest version of this package,=
 so that every supported OCaml version will have an installation candidate".

      

      

        

      • Example
        

        

        
Let me give you an example, consider the package "basic" which exists in th=
ree versions:

        

          

        • basic.1.0.0 with the dependency "ocaml" {>=3D "4.05" & < "5"}=

          • 

        • basic.1.0.1 with the dependency "ocaml" {>=3D "4.08" & < "5"}=

          • 

        • basic.2.0.0 with the dependency "ocaml" {>=3D "4.14" & < "5"}=

          • 

        


        
Here, if the x-maintenance-intent: [ "(latest)" ] is present, =
we will only (try to) archive basic.1.0.0 – since 1.0.1 is needed fo=
r OCaml 4.08 .. 4.13.

        

        

        • 

      

      • 

    • Default value
      

      

      
The default value of x-maintenance-intent will for now be "(any)" - so all versions are kept. In the future, we may change t=
his default to "(latest)", but will announce this ahead of the=
 change with plenty of time.

      


      
This default value is agreed on by the non-disruptive agreement to cause th=
e least trouble.

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    x-maintained
    

    

    
In addition to the x-maintenance-intent - which covers the sem=
antics of all versions of an opam package, we support another field, =
x-maintained: BOOL. This is an overwrite for a specific opam package=
 version, and allows to declare whether it is maintained or not.

    


    
It is useful in the setting where you've lots of pre-releases that are no l=
onger maintained and you like to state this without writing a global intent=
 for the opam package (e.g. for the OCaml compiler packages, the alpha, bet=
a, and rc versions). Here, x-maintained: false is a nice setti=
ng. NB: earlier we proposed flags: deprecated - but we stay aw=
ay from the flags, since there may be packages that are deprecated but stil=
l maintained (opam prints a warning if you install a package with the depre=
cated flag).

    


    
If you have a private project and depend on a specific version of an opam p=
ackage, you can as well PR the x-maintained: true field for th=
at opam file (please specify when, who, and why). This will ensure that thi=
s opam file stays in the opam repository.

    

    

    

    

    Phase 3
    

    

    
In Phase 3, we will consider all packages marked with x-maintenance-i=
ntent (the versions not matching the intent) and x-maintained:=
 false to be archived.

    


    
We plan to ensure that (a) all supported OCaml versions will retain an inst=
allation candidate (b) all reverse dependencies will still be installable. =
As a note, if you have an availability condition (some version will only wo=
rk on some OS), we won't take that into consideration – you will nee=
d to specify the x-maintenance-intent to cover your versions.

    


    
Our plan is to publish the list of packages to be archived by February 15th=
 on this discourse. It is likely we'll have candidate lists PRed to the opam-repository-a=
rchive earlier. We have lots of ideas and plans for CI systems to give =
feedback which opam versions are falling into the maintenance intent when y=
ou open a PR to the opam-repository (but we're not there yet).

    

    

    

    

    Future
    

    

    
As noted above, the default value of x-maintenance-intent may =
change in time. If this is decided, we will announce this with plenty of ti=
me before.

    


    
Also, at some point in the future we will bump the OCaml lower bound (from =
February 1st it is 4.08).

    

    

    

    

    Action
    

    

    
For the smooth shrinking of the opam-repository, please don't hesitate to f=
ill in your x-maintenance-intent (especially "(none)" and "(latest)" are fi=
ne and safe choices).

    


    
If you want to contribute more, the opam-repository needs help for triaging=
 and merging PRs - why not become a maintainer? See the old but still valid=
 'call for new opam-repository maintainers' if you're inter=
ested.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Ch=C3=BAc m=E1=BB=ABng n=C4=83m m=E1=BB=9Bi =E1=BA=A4t T=E1=BB=
=B5 2025!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/chuc-m-ng-nam-m-i-t-t-2025/16055/1

    

    

    

    sanette announced
    

    

    
Happy Vietnamese (and Chinese too) New Year!

    


    
It's the year of the snake, no its has nothing to do with python, but why not play Sn=C3=B3k=
e  ;)

    


    
Happy OCaml snaky year to all

    



    

    3D"724=

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Rewriting Slipshow in OCaml: The undo-able monad
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/blog-rewriti=
ng-slipshow-in-ocaml-the-undo-able-monad/16069/1

    

    

    

    Paul-Elliot announced
    

    

    
Hello OCamlers,

    


    
I have recently rewritten Slipshow's engine from JavaScript to OCaml.
It turns out this rewriting was very satisfying, and many niceties came out=
 of it.
I have written a blog post about a specifically interesting one: the use of=
 custom let operators with the "undo-able" monad. I hope you e=
njoy the read!

    


    
The blog post: How I fix=
ed Slipshow's worst flaw using OCaml and a monad.

    

    

    

    

    

    Announcing climate.0.4.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/announcing-climate-0-4-0/16084/1

    

    

    

    Steve Sherratt announced
    

    

    
Climate is a declarativ=
e command-line parser for OCaml. This release is mostly focused on improvin=
g --help messages and allowing the colours of help messages to=
 be configured.

    

    

    

    Added
    

    

      

    • Allow help messages colours to be configured (#7)
      • 

    • Proof of concept of manpage generation (disabled in release as it's ver=
y incomplete) (#11<=
/a>)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Fixes
    

    

      

    • Remove superfluous style reset escape sequences (#7)
      • 

    • Don't apply formatting to trailing spaces in argument names in help mes=
sages (#8)
      • 

    • Print a readable error when the argument spec is invalid (#10)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    

    15th MirageOS retreat May 13th - 20th
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-15th-mirageos-retreat=
-may-13th-20th/16085/1

    

    

    

    Hannes Mehnert announced
    

    

    
Dear everybody,

    


    
we'll have another MirageOS retreat in May 2025 (13th - 20th). Happy to see=
 lots of old and new faces there.

    


    
Please jump to https://retreat.mir=
ageos.org for further details, and sign up and spread the word :)

    


    
Don't hesitate to ask questions in this topic.

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune dev meeting
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-dev-meeting/14994/22

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
Hi Dune enthusiasts :smile:,

    


    
We will hold the regular Dune Dev Meeting on Wednesday, February, 5th=
 at 9:00 CET. As usual, the session will be one hour long.

    


    
Whether you are a maintainer, a regular contributor, a new joiner or just c=
urious, you are welcome to join: these discussions are opened! The goal of =
these meetings is to provide a place to discuss the ongoing work together a=
nd synchronize with the Dune developers! :ok_hand:=20

    

    

    

    :calendar: Agenda
    

    

    
The agenda is available on the meeting dedicated page. Feel free to ask if y=
ou want to add more items in it.

    

    

    

    

    :computer: Links
    

    


    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 15 to 22, 2025.

    



    

    Flambda2 Ep. 4: How to write a purely functional compiler, by =
OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocam=
l.org/t/blog-flambda2-ep-4-how-to-write-a-purely-functional-compiler-by-oca=
mlpro/16512/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers!

    


    
We're back with another deep dive into the Flambda2 Optimizing Compiler<=
/b>! Our latest entry in the Flambda2 Snippets blog series is out !=
=20

    


    
F=
lambda2 Ep. 4: How to write a purely functional compiler

    


    
Beware, this episode is a hefty one ! :muscle: :triumph:

    


    
This time again, we take you on a journey through the heart of Flambda2<=
/b>'s optimization process. Indeed, we take a look at the high-level consid=
erations of Simplify, the main optimization algorithm! This po=
st is the most important one yet. The subject is key to coming to grasps wi=
th the philosophy and design behind our home-made compiler and we highly re=
commend that you read it if you're interested in functional programming<=
/b>, exotic compiler architectures, novel engineering, and programming language representation!

    


    
If you've been following the series, this article builds on what=
 we've covered before =E2=80=94 especially Foundational Design Decisions<=
/b> (episode 1), and Speculative inlining (episode 3) =E2=80=
=94 so you might want to check these out first. And as always, this is all =
leading up to even more compiler spelunking in future posts! :pick:=20

    


    
Hope you enjoy the read, and let us know what you think!

    


    
Until next time,
The OCamlPro Team

    

    

    

    

    

    R and D Engineer Positions available at OCamlPro, in Paris (Fr=
ance)
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org=
/t/hiring-r-d-engineer-positions-available-at-ocamlpro-in-paris-france/1651=
3/1

    

    

    

    OCamlPro announced
    

    

    
Greetings Cameleers,

    


    
We are thrilled to announce that OCamlPro is hiring!

    


    
OCamlPro is a R&D lab founded in 2011, with the mission to help industr=
ial users benefit from experts with a state-of-the-art knowledge of program=
ming languages theory and practice. We provide audit, support, custom devel=
oper tools and training for both the most modern languages, such as Rust, W=
asm and OCaml, and for legacy languages. We design, create and implement so=
ftware with great added-value for our clients. We have a long history of cr=
eating and maintaining open-source projects, such as the Opam package manag=
er, the LearnOCaml web platform, Ocp-indent / Ocp-index, Flambda and Flambd=
a2 optimizing OCaml compilers. We also contributed to the Rust compiler and=
 standard library, and are now core contributors of the GnuCOBOL project. W=
e are also experts of Formal Methods, developing tools such as our SMT Solv=
er Alt-Ergo.

    


    
We are currently looking to hire French speaking Senior and <=
b>non-Senior R&D Engineers as well as new Project Managers. =
Since speaking French is mandatory, the rest of this article, and th=
e job offers linked below, will be written in French. :france:

    


    
OCamlPro recrute :

    


      

    • 
Un=C2=B7e Ing=C3=A9nieur=C2=B7e R&D Senior

      


      
Conception et dev en OCaml (et Rust), encadrement, relation client, explora=
tion techno, perfs, tests, veille et formations. Poste cl=C3=A9 au c=C5=93u=
r d=E2=80=99une =C3=A9quipe experte.

      • 


    • 
Un=C2=B7e Ing=C3=A9nieur=C2=B7e R&D

      


      
D=C3=A9veloppement en OCaml (et Rust), conception logicielle, perfs, tests,=
 veille techno, mont=C3=A9e en comp=C3=A9tences et travail en =C3=A9quipe e=
xperte.

      • 


    • 
Un=C2=B7e Chef=C2=B7fe de Projet Informatique & R&D

      


      
Pilotage de projets, coordination d=E2=80=99=C3=A9quipes, interface client,=
 suivi budget/d=C3=A9lais, reporting, et veille techno dans un environnemen=
t innovant.

      • 

    


    
Notre =C3=A9quipe est principalement bas=C3=A9e =C3=A0 Paris, mais nous som=
mes ouverts au travail =C3=A0 distance, tant que des s=C3=A9jours r=C3=A9gu=
liers =C3=A0 Paris sont possibles pour renforcer la coh=C3=A9sion de l'=C3=
=A9quipe.

    


    
Veuillez envoyer votre CV ainsi qu'une description de certaines de vos meil=
leures r=C3=A9alisations =C3=A0 l'adresse suivante : [contact@ocamlpro.com]=
(mailto:contact@ocamlpro.com)

    


    
Vous trouverez des fiches de poste d=C3=A9taill=C3=A9es au format PDF ic=
i :
http://www.ocamlpro.com/jobs

    

    

    

    

    

    Release of ocaml-eglot 1.2.0
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-release-of-ocaml-eglot-1-2-0=
/16515/1

    

    

    

    Xavier Van de Woestyne announced
    

    

    
We (at Tarides) are particularly pl=
eased to announce the release of OCaml-eglot 1.2.0, An overlay on Eglot (the <=
i>built-in LSP client for Emacs) for editing OCaml!

    


    

    
ocaml-eglot is an alternative mode to merlin which uses ocaml-lsp-server (instea=
d of ocamlmerlin) as the language server. So yes, if you decid=
e to use~ocaml-eglot~, merlin is no longer needed. (Mer=
lin is still used as a library, in ocaml-lsp-server).

    

    




    
This version discreetly improves the ergonomics of certain orders, gives mo=
re control over customer-side order support and drastically improves error =
handling! Here's the full changelog and, in the meantime, I'm adding the ch=
angelog for version 1.1.0, which hadn't been announced:

    

    

    

    1.2.0
    

    

      

    • Fix Type-enclosing's buffer update when using caml-mode (<=
a href=3D"https://github.com/tarides/ocaml-eglot/pull/48">#48)
      • 

    • Add ocaml-eglot-search-definition, ocaml-eglot-searc=
h-declaration and alternative functions (#45)
      • 

    • Fix some warnings on byte-compilation (#40)
      • 

    • Fix error on on ocaml-eglot-construct (#42)
      • 

    • ocaml-eglot-alternate-file now visits file in other window=
 when prefix argument is set (#51)
      • 

    • Add error-handling for jsonrpc-request (#52)
      • 

    • Maintain more diagnostics for location failure (#52)
      • 

    • Fix hole cycle navigation (#53)
      • 

    • Relay on custom request (if it is available) for managing holes (#53)
      • 

    • Implementation of support for experimental client commands (and impleme=
ntation of ocaml.next-hole in the presence of the ocaml-=
eglot-destruct action) (#54)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    1.1.0
    

    

      

    • A first support for flycheck (#29, #33 and #37)
      • 

    • Use a more efficient way to ensure that a vector is empty (#27)
      • 

    • Made the mode-line "lighter" more conventional (#26)
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Spotlight on new features
    

    

    
Two easily observable features:

    

    

      

    • Finding an identifier
      

      

        

      • ocaml-eglot-find-identifier-declaration
        • 

      • ocaml-eglot-find-identifier-definition
        • 

      


      
the two commands behave like their analogues (ocaml-eglot-find-defini=
tion and ocaml-eglot-find-declaration) but allow the us=
er to enter the identifier directly:

      



      

      3D"5835742f3fadaf60=

      

      

      

      • 

    • Searching for a definition or a declaration

      

        

      • ocaml-eglot-search-declaration
        • 

      • ocaml-eglot-search-definition
        • 

      


      
Allows you to search by type or polarity to find the definition (implementa=
tion) or declaration (signature) of values!

      



      

      3D"f48b3cb62a6eb6b8=

      

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    Upgrading
    

    

    
The release is available on MELPA, so you can update it using the usual pro=
cess. As always, your feedback is invaluable!

    


    
Happy hacking

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Outreachy December 2024 Round
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/outreachy-december-2024-round/15223=
/6

    

    

    

    Continuing this thread, Patrick Ferris announced
    

    

    
Thank you everyone who came along to our demo day. I think I speak for ever=
yone when I say @abdulaziz.alkurd's work is very impressive and we all can'=
t wait for being able to easily diff OCaml APIs!

    


    
The meeting has now been published: https://watch.ocaml.org/w/eWRikkpwoox1SboAwrDshD

    

    

    

    

    

    Dune 3.18
    

    

    
Archive: http=
s://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-dune-3-18/16428/2

    

    

    

    Etienne Marais announced
    

    

    
We are happy to announce the release of Dune 3.18.1 :camel:=20

    


    
This version is a minor release that contains a bug fix to an issue that wa=
s preventing pkg-config from finding some libraries in some co=
ntexts.

    


    
If you encounter a problem with this release, you can report it on the ocaml/dune repository.

    

    

    

    Changelog
    

    

    

      

    • Fixed
      

      

        

      • fix: pass pkg-config (extra) args in all pkgconfig invocations. A missi=
ng
--personality flag would result in pkgconf not finding librari=
es in some
 contexts. (#11619, @MisterDA)
        • 

      

      

      • 

    

    

    

    

    

    opam 2.4.0~alpha1
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-opam-2-4-0-alpha1/16520/1

    

    

    

    Kate announced
    

    

    
Hi everyone,

    


    
We are happy to announce the first alpha release of opam 2.4.0.

    


    
This version is an alpha, we invite users to test it to spot previously unn=
oticed bugs as we head towards the stable release.

    

    

    

    What=E2=80=99s new? Some highlights:
    

    

      

    • :dragon_face: On opam init the compiler chosen for =
the default switch will no longer be ocaml-system (#3509)
This was done because the system compiler (as-is your ocaml installed syste=
m wide, e.g. /usr/bin/ocaml) is known to be under-tested and prone to a var=
iety of bugs and configuration issues.
Removing it from the default compiler allows new-comers a more smooth exper=
ience.
Note: if you wish to use it anyway, you are always able to do it explici=
tly using opam init --compiler=3Docaml-system
      • 


    • :camel: GNU patch and the diff =
command are no longer runtime dependencies. Instead the OCaml =
patch library is used (#6019, #=
6052, #3782, =
ocaml/setup-ocaml=
#933)
Doing this we've removed some rarely used features of GNU Patch such as the=
 support of Context diffs.
The new implementation only supports Unified diffs includ=
ing the git extended heade=
rs, however file permission changes via said extended headers have no e=
ffect.
      • 


    • :snowflake: Add Nix support for external dependencies (depext=
s) by adding support for stateless package managers (#5982). Thanks to @RyanGibb for this contribution
      • 


    • :cockroach: Fix opam install <local_dir> with=
 and without options like --deps-only or --show-action having unexpected behaviours (#6248, #5567) such as:

        

      • reporting Nothing to do despite dependencies or package no=
t being up-to-date
        • 

      • asking to install the wrong dependencies
        • 

      • 


    • :ocean: Many more UI additions and improvements, bug fixes, performance=
 improvements, =E2=80=A6
      • 

    



    
:open_book: You can read our blog post for more information about these changes and mor=
e, and for even more details you can take a look at the release note or the changelog=
.

    

    

    

    

    Try it!
    

    

    
The upgrade instructions are unchanged:

    


    
For Unix systems

    

    bash -c "sh <(curl -fsSL https://opam.ocaml.org/install.sh) --version 2.=
4.0~alpha1"

    

    
or from PowerShell for Windows systems

    

    Invoke-Expression "& { $(Invoke-RestMethod https://opam.ocaml.org/insta=
ll.ps1) } -Version 2.4.0~alpha1"

    


    
Please report any issues to the bug-tracker.

    


    
Happy hacking,
<> <> The opam team <> <> :camel:

    

    

    

    

    

    

    ML Family Workshop 2025: Call for Presentations
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ml-family-workshop=
-2025-call-for-presentations/16521/1

    

    

    

    Sam announced
    

    

    
We are happy to invite submissions to the 2025 ML Family Workshop! Please h=
elp spread the word and consider submitting!
https://conf.researchr.org/home/icfp-splash-2025/mlsymposium-2025

    

    

    

    Higher-order, Typed, Inferred, Strict: ML Family Work=
shop 2025
    

    

    
Co-located with ICFP/SPLASH

    


    
Workshop date: October 16, 2025, Singapore

    


    
Submission deadline: June 19, 2025

    


    
The ML Family Workshop is an established informal workshop serving to promo=
te and inform the development of programming languages in the ML family (su=
ch as OCaml, Standard ML, F#, and many others) as well as related languages=
 (such as Haskell, Scala, Rust, Koka, F*, Eff, ATS, Nemerle, Links, etc.) W=
e welcome presentations on all aspects of the design, semantics, theory, ap=
plication, implementation, and teaching of languages in the entire extended=
 ML family.

    


    
The ML 2025 workshop will continue the informal approach followed since 201=
0. Presentations are selected by the program committee from submitted propo=
sals. There are no published proceedings, so contributions may be submitted=
 for publication elsewhere. The main criterion is promoting and informing t=
he development of the entire extended ML family and delivering a lively wor=
kshop atmosphere. We particularly encourage talks about works in progress, =
presentations of negative results (things that were expected to but did not=
 quite work out) and informed positions.

    


    
Each presentation should take 20-25 minutes. The exact time will be decided=
 based on scheduling constraints.

    


    
We plan the workshop to an be in-person event with remote participation (st=
reamed live). We hope that speakers are able to present in person. If a spe=
aker is unable to attend, they may instead present remotely.

    


    
The 2025 ML family workshop is co-located with ICFP/SPLASH 2025 and will ta=
ke place on October 16, 2025 in Singapore.

    

    

    

    

    Scope
    

    

    
We seek presentations on topics including (but not limited to):

    


      

    • Language design: abstraction, higher forms of polymorphism,
concurrency and parallelism, distribution and mobility, staging,
extensions for semi-structured data, generic programming,
object systems, etc.
      • 


    • Implementation: compilers, interpreters, type checkers, partial
evaluators, runtime systems, garbage collectors, foreign function
interfaces, etc.
      • 


    • Type systems: inference, effects, modules, contracts, specifications
and assertions, dynamic typing, error reporting, etc.
      • 


    • Applications: case studies, experience reports, pearls, etc.
      • 


    • Environments: libraries, tools, editors, debuggers, cross-language
interoperability, functional data structures, etc.
      • 


    • Semantics of ML-family languages: operational and denotational
semantics, program equivalence, parametricity, mechanization, etc.
      • 

    


    
We specifically encourage reporting what did not meet expectations or
what, despite all efforts, did not work to satisfaction.

    


    
Four kinds of submissions are solicited: Research Presentations,
Experience Reports, Demos, and Informed Positions.

    


      

    • Research Presentations: Research presentations should describe new
ideas, experimental results, or significant advances in ML-related
projects. We especially encourage presentations that describe work
in progress, that outline a future research agenda, or that
encourage lively discussion. These presentations should be
structured in a way which can be, at least in part, of interest to
(advanced) users.
      • 


    • Experience Reports: Users are invited to submit Experience Reports
about their use of ML and related languages. These presentations do
not need to contain original research but they should tell an
interesting story to researchers or other advanced users, such as an
innovative or unexpected use of advanced features or a description
of the challenges they are facing or attempting to solve.
      • 


    • Demos: Live demonstrations or short tutorials should show new
developments, interesting prototypes, or work in progress, in the
form of tools, libraries, or applications built on or related to ML
and related languages. (You will need to provide all the hardware
and software required for your demo; the workshop organizers are
only able to provide a projector.)
      • 


    • Informed Positions: A justified argument for or against a language
feature. The argument must be substantiated, either theoretically
(e.g., by a demonstration of (un)soundness, an inference algorithm,
a complexity analysis), empirically or by substantial experience.
Personal experience is accepted as justification so long as it is
extensive and illustrated with concrete examples.
      • 

    

    

    

    

    Submission details
    

    

    
Submissions must be in the PDF format and have a short summary
(abstract) at the beginning. Submissions in the categories of
Experience Reports, Demos, or Informed Positions should indicate so in
the title or subtitle. The point of the submission should be clear
from its two first pages (PC members are not obligated to read any
further.)

    


    
Submissions must be uploaded to the workshop submission website before
the submission deadline.

    


    
Only the short summary/abstract of accepted submissions will be
published on the conference website. After acceptance, authors will
have the opportunity to attach or link to that summary any relevant
material (such as the updated submission, slides, etc.)

    


    
Submission Website:
https://ml2025.hotcrp.com/

    


    
Workshop Website:
https://conf.researchr.org/home/icfp-splash-2025/mlsymposium-2025

    

    

    

    

    Dates and Deadlines
    

    

    
Submission Deadline:
Thursday, June 19 AoE

    


    
Initial Author Notification (most cases):
Thursday, July 31

    


    
Final Author Notification (if needed):
Thursday, Aug 7

    


    
Workshop Date:
Thursday, Oct 16

    

    

    

    

    Program Committee
    

    

      

    • Sam Westrick (New York University, USA) (Chair)
      • 

    • Michael D. Adams (National University of Singapore, Singapore)
      • 

    • Jonathan Brachth=C3=A4user (University of T=C3=BCbingen, Germany)
      • 

    • Chris Casinghino (Jane Street, USA)
      • 

    • Arthur Chargu=C3=A9raud (INRIA, France)
      • 

    • Kiran Gopinathan (University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA)
      • 

    • Mirai Ikebuchi (Kyoto University, Japan)
      • 

    • Keigo Imai (DeNA Co., Ltd., Japan)
      • 

    • Anton Lorenzen (University of Edinburgh, UK)
      • 

    • Cyrus Omar (University of Michigan, USA)
      • 

    • Zoe Paraskevopoulou (National Technical University of Athens, Greece)

    • Filip Sieczkowski (Heriot-Watt University, UK)
      • 

    • Yong Kiam Tan (A*STAR Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)
      • 

    • Yuting Wang (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China)
      • 

    

    

    


    

    Coordination with the OCaml Users and Developers Work=
shop
    

    

    
The OCaml workshop is seen as more practical and is dedicated in
significant part to OCaml community building and the development of
the OCaml system. In contrast, the ML family workshop is not focused
on any language in particular, is more research-oriented, and deals
with general issues of ML-style programming and type systems. There
is some overlap, which we are keen to explore in various ways. The
authors who feel their submission fits both workshops are encouraged
to mention it at submission time or contact the program chairs.

    

    

    

    

    

    

    Other OCaml News
    

    

    

    

    From the ocaml.org blog
    

    

    
Here are links from many OCaml blogs aggregated at the ocaml.org blog.

    



    

    

    

    

    Old CWN
    

    

    
If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo=
k at the archive or the <=
a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive=
s.

    


    
If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the=
 caml-list.

    



    

    

    

    OCaml Weekly News
    

    
Previous Week<=
/a> Up Next Week

    


    
Hello

    


    
Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of April 05 to 12, 2022.

    





    

    LexiFi is hiring!
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/job-fulltime-intern=
ship-paris-lexifi-is-hiring/9648/1

    

    


    

    Alain Frisch announced
    

    

    
=F0=9F=93=A2 LexiFi is hiring!

    


    
=E2=9C=94=EF=B8=8F Software Engineer (full-time): https://lnkd.in/evhkxTg

    


    
=E2=9C=94=EF=B8=8F Software Development Internship: https://lnkd.in/gb-bdDA9

    


    
LexiFi is a software editor, based in Paris. We have been happily using OCa=
ml =F0=9F=90=AA for more than 20 years in our entire
software stack, from backend components to UI (web & native) front-end,=
 and we contribute back to the OCaml community
(check out our blog post : https://www.lexifi.com/blog/ocaml/ocaml-open-source/)

    


    
Don't hesitate to contact me directly if you want to learn more about the p=
ositions before applying!

    

    

    

    





    

    D=C3=A9veloppeur principal =C3=A0 plein temps d'Alt-Ergo chez =
OCamlPro
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss=
.ocaml.org/t/job-fulltime-paris-developpeur-principal-a-plein-temps-dalt-er=
go-chez-ocamlpro/9660/1

    

    


    

    Fabrice Le Fessant announced
    

    

    
Alt-Ergo est l'un des solveurs SMT les plus efficaces pour la v=C3=A9rifica=
tion formelle de code. Il est ainsi utilis=C3=A9
derri=C3=A8re des ateliers tels que Why3, Frama-C et Spark. Initialement d=
=C3=A9velopp=C3=A9 par Sylvain Conchon au LRI, il est
aujourd'hui maintenu par OCamlPro, gr=C3=A2ce aux financements du Club Alt-=
Ergo (AdaCore, Trust-in-Soft, Thal=C3=A8s, MERCE,
CEA List), =C3=A0 des contrats bilat=C3=A9raux d'=C3=A9volution et =C3=A0 d=
es projets collaboratifs.

    


    
OCamlPro souhaite aujourd'hui recruter un d=C3=A9veloppeur principal =C3=A0=
 temps plein pour Alt-Ergo, pour compl=C3=A9ter son
=C3=A9quipe m=C3=A9thodes formelles et acc=C3=A9l=C3=A9rer l'=C3=A9volution=
 d'Alt-Ergo.  Disposant d'une exp=C3=A9rience dans les m=C3=A9thodes
formelles, ses missions seront :

    


      

    • de d=C3=A9couvrir le projet Alt-Ergo et tous ses composants (prouveur, =
interface graphique, etc.) et d'en comprendre le fonctionnement =C3=A0 trav=
ers l'exploration du code et la lecture d'articles scientifiques;
      • 

    • d'=C3=A9laborer la roadmap de maintenance =C3=A9volutive d'Alt-Ergo, en=
 collaboration avec les membres du Club Alt-Ergo, et de proposer des am=C3=
=A9liorations qui pourront =C3=AAtre financ=C3=A9es au travers de contrats =
bilat=C3=A9raux ou de projets collaboratifs;
      • 

    • de participer avec l'=C3=A9quipe =C3=A0 la maintenance corrective d'Alt=
-Ergo et de fournir du support aux membres du Club Alt-Ergo;
      • 

    • de participer =C3=A0 l'encadrement de stages et de th=C3=A8ses CIFRE au=
tour d'Alt-Ergo et des solveurs SMT en g=C3=A9n=C3=A9ral;
      • 

    • de suivre l'actualit=C3=A9 des solveurs SMTs et des travaux scientifiqu=
es connexes, et de maintenir des collaborations avec les experts acad=C3=A9=
miques du domaine;
      • 

    


    
Int=C3=A9gr=C3=A9 au sein de l'=C3=A9quipe M=C3=A9thodes Formelles d'OCamlP=
ro, il b=C3=A9n=C3=A9ficiera de leur exp=C3=A9rience et leur fera b=C3=A9n=
=C3=A9ficier
de son expertise croissante dans l'utilisation d'Alt-Ergo. Outre la mainten=
ance d'Alt-Ergo, l'=C3=A9quipe M=C3=A9thodes
Formelles d'OCamlPro participe =C3=A0 diverses activit=C3=A9s:

    


      

    • D=C3=A9veloppement d'outils open-source pour les m=C3=A9thodes formelle=
s, tels que Dolmen, Matla, etc.
      • 

    • Expertises sur WhyML, TLA, Coq, et autres langages de sp=C3=A9cificatio=
n et de v=C3=A9rification;
      • 

    • Certification de logiciels pour les Crit=C3=A8res Communs (EAL6 et plus=
)
      • 

    • Sp=C3=A9cification et v=C3=A9rification formelle de smart contracts (So=
lidity, etc.)
      • 

    


    
Les bureaux d'OCamlPro sont dans le 14=C3=A8me arrondissement de Paris (Al=
=C3=A9sia). L'entreprise est connue pour son =C3=A9quipe
sympathique, son excellence technique, sa productivit=C3=A9, ses valeurs et=
 son =C3=A9thique.

    


    
Si ce poste vous int=C3=A9resse, n'h=C3=A9sitez pas =C3=A0 envoyer votre CV=
 =C3=A0:

    


    
contact@ocamlpro.com

    


    
Pour plus d'informations sur OCamlPro:

    


    
https://www.ocamlpro.com/

    


    
Pour plus d'informations sur Alt-Ergo:

    


    
https://alt-ergo.ocamlpro.com/

    


    
Pour plus d'informations sur le Club Alt-Ergo:

    


    
https://www.ocamlpro.com=
/club-alt-ergo

    

    

    

    





    

    Using an external JavaScript file in js_of_ocaml
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/using-an-external=
-javascript-file-in-js-of-ocaml/9661/1

    

    


    

    John Whitington asked
    

    

    
I am a beginner at both Javascript and js_of_ocaml, so I may b=
e mixing up all sorts of mistakes and misconceptions
here.

    


    
I have compiled up an existing project, my command line PDF tools, using js_of_ocaml, and all is well:

    


    $ node cpdf.js -info hello.pdf
Encryption: Not encrypted
Permissions:
Linearized: false
Version: 1.1
Pages: 1

    


    
Like magic! But I had to comment out the parts of my code which use externa=
l C code of course - that is zlib and some
encryption primitives. So now I wish to bind javascript libraries for those=
. I am experimenting with a simple library
of my own, first, which is given on the command line to js_of_ocaml as foomod.js:

    


    

    foo =3D 42;

    

    


    
I can get to this global variable easily from OCaml:

    


    

    let foo =3D Js.Unsafe.global#

    exports.foo =3D 42;

    

    


    
How can I get to that? Giving foomod.js on the js_of_oca=
ml command line includes the contents of foomod.js in
some way, but does not contain the string foomod, so I'm not s=
ure how to get to the foomod's variables and
functions. How to I access them? In the node REPL, I can simply do:

    


    

    > foomod =3D require('./foomod.js');
{ foo; 42 }
> foomod.foo;
42

    

    


    
I have read the js_of_ocaml help page on how to bind JS module=
s:

    


    
https://=
ocsigen.org/js_of_ocaml/latest/manual/bindings

    


    
I imagine if I could get over this hump, all the rest of the information I =
need will be there.

    

    

    



    

    Nicol=C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r replied
    

    

    
Not exactly what you asked, but if you just want to provide a JS version of=
 some C primitive

    


    

    external foo : unit ->=
; int =3D "caml_foo"

    

    


    
you can do this by writing the following in your .js file:

    


    

    //Provides: caml_foo
function caml_foo() {
  return 42;
}

    

    


    
Then js_of_ocaml will automatically replace calls to the exter=
nal function by a call to its JS implementation.

    


    
This is the same mechanism used by js_of_ocaml to implement it=
s own JS version of the OCaml runtime, see eg

    


    
https://github.com/ocsi=
gen/js_of_ocaml/blob/3850a67b1cb00cfd2ee4399cf1e2948062884b92/runtime/bigar=
ray.js#L328-L335

    

    

    

    





    

    diskuvbox: small set of cross-platform CLI tools
    

    

    
Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ann-diskuvbox-=
small-set-of-cross-platform-cli-tools/9663/1

    

    


    

    jbeckford announced
    

    

    
TLDR:

    

    $ opam update
$ opam install diskuvbox

$ diskuvbox copy-dir --mode 755 src1/ src2/ dest/
$ diskuvbox copy-file --mode 400 src/a dest/b
$ diskuvbox copy-file-into src1/a src2/b dest/
$ diskuvbox touch-file x/y/z

$ diskuvbox find-up . _build
Z:/source/_build

$ diskuvbox tree --max-depth 2 --encoding=3DUTF-8 .
.
=E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 CHANGES.md
=E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 README.md
=E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 _build/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 default/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 install/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 log

    


    
Problem: When writing cram tests, Dune rules and Opam build steps, o=
ften we default to using GNU binaries
(/usr/bin/*) available on Linux (ex. /usr/bin/cp -R). Unfortunately these commands rarely work on Windows, and as
a consequence Windows OCaml developers are forced to maintain Cygwin or MSY=
S2 installations to get GNU tooling.

    


    
Solution: Provide some of the same functionality for Windows and mac=
OS that the GNU binaries in /usr/bin/* do in
Linux.

    


    
diskuvbox is a single binary that today provides an analog for=
 a very small number of binaries that I have needed
in the Diskuv Windows OCaml distribution. It is liberally licensed under Ap=
ache v2.0. With your PRs it could emulate
much more!

    


    
diskuvbox has CI testing for Windows, macOS and Linux. Usage a=
nd help are available in the diskuvbox README:
https://github.c=
om/diskuv/diskuvbox#diskuv-box

    


    
diskuvbox also has a OCaml library, but consider the API un=
stable until version 1.0.

    


    
Alternatives:

    

      

    • There are some shell scripting tools like shexp and feather that give you POSIX pipes in OCaml-friendly syntax. I f=
eel these complement Diskuv Box.
      • 

    • Dune exposes (copy) to copy a file in Dune rules; theoreti=
cally more operations could be added.
      • 

    


    
Internally diskuvbox is a wrapper on the excellent bos - Basic OS
interaction library.

    

    


    

    Acknowledgements
    

    

    
The first implementations of Diskuv Box were implemented with the assistanc=
e of the OCaml Software Foundation
(OCSF), a sub-foundation of the INRIA =
Foundation.

    


    
Two OCaml libraries (bos =
and cmdliner)
are essential to Diskuv Box; these libraries were created by Daniel B=C3=BCnzli
(@dbuenzli) .

    

    

    


    

    Examples
    

    

    
The following are examples that have been condensed from the diskuvbox README.md Ȃ=
6;

    

    


    

    Using in Dune cram tests
    

    

    $ install -d a/b/c/d/e/f
$ install -d a/b2/c2/d2/e2/f2
$ install -d a/b2/c3/d3/e3/f3
$ install -d a/b2/c3/d4/e4/f4
$ install -d a/b2/c3/d4/e5/f5
$ install -d a/b2/c3/d4/e5/f6
$ touch a/b/x
$ touch a/b/c/y
$ touch a/b/c/d/z

$ diskuvbox tree a --max-depth 10 --encoding UTF-8
a
=E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 b/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 c/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 d/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 e/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80=
 f/
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 z
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 y
=E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 x
=E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 b2/
    =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 c2/
    =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 d2/
    =E2=94=82       =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 e2/
    =E2=94=82           =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 f2/
    =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 c3/
        =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 d3/
        =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 e3/
        =E2=94=82       =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 f3/
        =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 d4/
            =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 e4/
            =E2=94=82   =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 f4/
            =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 e5/
                =E2=94=9C=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 f5/
                =E2=94=94=E2=94=80=E2=94=80 f6/

    

    

    


    

    Using in Opam build steps
    

    

    build: [
  ["diskuvbox" "copy-file-into" "assets/icon.png" "assets/public.gpg" "%{_:=
share}%"]
]

    

    

    


    

    Using in Dune rules
    

    

    

    (rule
 (targets diskuvbox.corrected.ml diskuvbox.corrected.mli)
 (deps
  (:license %{project_root}/etc/lice=
nse-header.txt)
  (:conf    %{project_root}/etc/head=
ache.conf))
 (action
  (progn
   (run diskuvbox copy-file -m 644 diskuvbox.ml  diskuvbox.corrected.ml)
   (run diskuvbox copy-file -m 644 diskuvbox.mli diskuvbox.corrected.mli)
   (run headache -h %{license} -c %{conf} %{targets})
   (run ocamlformat --inplace --disable-conf-files --enable-outside-detecte=
d-project %{targets}))))

    

    

    

    

    

    

    





    

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