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OCaml Weekly News

Previous Week<= /a> Up Next Week

Hello

Here is the latest OCaml Weekly News, for the week of November 04 to 11, 20= 25.

Opam-repository, signed! conex is in beta now :)

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/opam-repository-signe= d-conex-is-in-beta-now/17461/1

Hannes Mehnert announced

Dear everyone,

we=E2=80=99re proud to announce that conex, in an initial version, is now l= ive! You can receive signed updates of the opam-repository. A quick guide:

To setup opam with conex on your machine, you need to install conex (and/or= conex-mirage-crypto, see below) - currently only available as opam package= (sorry about the bootstrap problem - hopefully it will be integrated into = opam at some time).

Then, in your =E2=80=9C\~/.opam/config=E2=80=9D you need to specify the repository-validation-command: 

repository-validation-command: [
  "/path/to/conex_verify_mirage_crypto"
  "--quorum=3D%{quorum}%"
  "--trust-anchors=3D%{anchors}%"
  "--repository=3D%{repo}%" {incremental}
  "--dir=3D%{dir}%" {!incremental}
  "--patch=3D%{patch}%" {incremental}
  "--incremental" {incremental}
]

Instead of =E2=80=9Cconex_verify_mirage_crypto=E2=80=9D, you can as well us= e =E2=80=9Cconex_verify_openssl=E2=80=9D (fewer dependencies, calls out to = OpenSSL as the cryptographic provider, is slower).

Then you can run opam repo add conex-robur https://conex.robur.coop 1= sha256=3Dad5eb0e4a77abfbc6c1bb5661eba46049404e0222588dd059c87f12436d41a28<= /code>. Thereafter you can opam repo remove default, and then = you=E2=80=99re only using signed metadata. The =E2=80=9C1=E2=80=9D is the q= uorum of root keys for signatures to be valid, the =E2=80=9Csha256=3Dad5eb0= e4a77abfbc6c1bb5661eba46049404e0222588dd059c87f12436d41a28=E2=80=9D is the = hash of the public root key.

Read the full article at https://hannes.robur.coop/Posts/ConexRunning =E2=80=93 happy to = receive feedback.

The development of conex is supported by the OCaml Software Foundation and by ah= refs.

OCaml Platform Newsletter: September to October 2025

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml.org/t/ocaml-platfor= m-newsletter-september-to-october-2025/17462/1

Sabine Schmaltz announced

Welcome to the sixteenth edition of the OCaml Platform newsletter!

In this September to October 2025 edition, we are excited to bring you the = latest on the OCaml Platform, continuing our tradition of highlighting rece= nt developments as seen in previous editions. To understand the direction we're head= ed, especially regarding development workflows and user experience improvem= ents, check out our roa= dmap.

You can subscribe to this newsletter on LinkedIn!

Highlights:

  • OCaml 5.4.0 Released: Major stable release featuring labelled tu= ples, immutable arrays, unified array literal syntax, atomic record fields,= and four new standard library modules
  • Security Response Team Established: New team formed to handle se= curity vulnerabilities in the OCaml ecosystem
  • Enhanced Editor Support: OCaml-LSP 1.24.0 and Merlin 5.6 bring i= mproved project navigation and performance optimizations
  • OCaml.org Reorganization: Clear separation between news about pr= oduction-ready features and releases (OCaml Changelog) and ongoing work and= experimental features (Backstage OCaml)
  • Experimental Tools Progress: Gospel ecosystem tools ready for te= sting, new ocaml.nvim plugin for Neovim users, and experimental Merlin bran= ch using domains and effects

OCaml Changelog:

Backstage OCaml:

Stable Releases:

Unstable Releases:

OCaml Compiler

  • OCaml 5.4.0 Stable Release

    The October 9,= 2025 release of OCaml 5.4.0 represents a major milestone with signific= ant language enhancements. After two beta releases and a release candidate = in September, the stable version delivers:

    Language Features:

    • Labelled tuples: Enable better documentation and type safety with la= bels on tuple fields 

      let ( * ) (x,~dx) (y,~dx:dy) =3D x*.y, ~dx:(x *. dy +. y *. dx)
    • Immutable arrays ('a iarray): Covariant arrays for = safer concurrent programming
    • Unified array literal syntax: [| ... |] now works f= or 'a array, 'a iarray, and floatarray
    • Atomic record fields: New [@atomic] attribute with = Atomic.Loc submodule for lock-free concurrent access

    Standard Library Additions:

    • Pair: Utility functions for pairs
    • Pqueue: Priority queue implementation
    • Repr: Explicit functions for physical equality and compari= son
    • Iarray: Operations on immutable arrays

    Runtime Improvements:

    • Frame pointers support for ARM64 (Linux and macOS)
    • Performance fix for Apple Silicon (using stlr instead of <= code>dmb ishld; str)
    • Software prefetching for ARM64, s390x, PPC64, and RISC-V
    • Restored "memory cleanup upon exit" mode

    The Sept= ember beta releases and release candidate demonstrated the maturity of the re= lease, with only minor TSAN and metadata fixes needed.

  • WIP: Relocatable OCaml

    Work on Relocatable OCaml is progressing toward inclusion in OCaml 5= .5, with implementation PRs opened by David Allsopp in September. The chang= es are undergoing review from Samuel Hym, Jonah Beckford, and others.

    What Relocatable OCaml Enables:

    This feature allows the OCaml compiler and its associated tools to be moved= to different filesystem locations after installation without breaking func= tionality. Key benefits include:

    • Binary distributions that work regardless of installation path
    • Improved flexibility for package managers organizing OCaml installation= s
    • Bundling of specific OCaml versions by developer tools without path con= flicts
    • Simplified cross-platform distribution

    Current Status:

    The implementation is in active review with ongoing responses to feedback. = The core development team is likely to review the changes at an upcoming me= eting, targeting inclusion in OCaml 5.5.

    For technical details about the implementation approach and its implication= s for the ecosystem, see David Allsopp's blog post on Relocatable OCa= ml and the associated Discuss thread.

Build System

  • Dune

    Dune 3.20.2= (September 10, 2025) provides bug fixes and stability improvements for the= 3.20 series.

    • Experimental: Dune Package Management

      We keep exploring:

      • Portable External Dependencies: An approach for storing system p= ackage dependencies in a platform-agnostic format, allowing projects to mai= ntain a single specification that resolves correctly across Linux, macOS, a= nd Windows environments, ensuring consistent builds regardless of platform-= specific package naming and versioning differences.
      • Portable Lock Directories: Lock directories that work consistent= ly across different operating systems and architectures, addressing the cur= rent limitation where platform-specific dependency resolutions prevent team= s from sharing lock files through version control in heterogeneous developm= ent environments.
      • Lock Directories as Build Targets: Currently, the solver that co= mes up with a set of compatible dependencies needs to be run by the user ex= plicitely (using dune pkg lock), but in the future we intend t= o create build plans implicitly via Dune build rules. This should make make= package management simpler to use as it requires fewer user actions and do= es not require putting verbose lock directories into the project source dir= ectories. This change also paves the way for automatic relocking when depen= dencies change, including in watch mode.

      These features remain under active development and should not be relied on = in production. However, we encourage cautious adoption of Dune Package Mana= gement itself for users comfortable with bleeding-edge tools that may still= change. Dune package management is available in the stable release of Dune= , as an experimental feature.

      Dune Maintained by: Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane Street), Nicol= =C3=A1s Ojeda B=C3=A4r (@nojb, LexiFi), Marek Kubica (@Leonidas-from-XIV, T= arides), Ali Caglayan (@Alizter, Tarides), Etienne Millon (@emillon), Steph= en Sherratt (@gridbugs, Tarides), Antonio Nuno Monteiro (@anmonteiro), Etie= nne Marais (@maiste)

Package Management

  • opam-publish

    We celebrate two releases of opam-publish: opam-publish 2.6.0 (Septem= ber 19, 2025) and opam-publish 2.7.0 (October 7, 2025).

    These releases make it easier to automate package publishing, particularly = benefiting projects with continuous deployment pipelines.

    Maintained by: Raja Boujbel (@rjbou, OCamlPro), Kate Deplaix (@kit-t= y-kate, Ahrefs)

Editor Tools

Roadmap: Edit / (W19) Navigate Code

  • OCaml-LSP Server and Merlin

    September and October saw significant updates to editor support:

  • ocp-indent

    ocp-in= dent 1.9.0 (October 1, 2025): Updates for OCaml 5.4.0 compatibility= and improved formatting rules.

  • Experimental: ocaml.nvim

    Tarides announced ocaml.nvim, a new Neovim plugin for OCam= l development. This experimental plugin serves as the Neovim counterpart to= ocaml-eglot, leveraging LSP for modern editor features.

    OCaml LSP Server maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Taride= s), Xavier Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Rudi Grinberg (@rgrinberg, Jane= Street)

    Merlin maintained by: Ulysse G=C3=A9rard (@voodoos, Tarides), Xavier= Van de Woestyne (@xvw, Tarides), Muluh Godson (@PizieDust, Tarides),

Documentation and PPX Tools

  • Ppxlib

    Ppxlib 0.= 36.2 (October 1, 2025): Compatibility updates for OCaml 5.4.0 and f= ixes for AST handling.

    Maintained by: Nathan Rebours (@NathanReb)

Gospel Ecosystem (Experimental)

The Gospel formal specification ecosystem now offers tools for experimental= specification-driven testing, as detailed in "Gospel Ecosystem: Tools Rea= dy to Try, Language Evolving".

Available Tools:

  • Ortac/QCheck-STM generates property-based tests from Gospel spec= ifications written in .mli files. The tool won the TACAS 2025 = Best Tool Paper award and can automatically produce comprehensive test suit= es from formal specifications. While the underlying Gospel language syntax = may still change, the testing workflow is stable enough for experimental us= e in development environments.

Current Status:

The tools work well for isolated modules where you can write specifications= and generate tests, but the Gospel language itself remains under active de= velopment with potential breaking changes ahead. Teams using these tools sh= ould be prepared to update specifications as the language evolves. This mak= es the ecosystem suitable for greenfield projects, experimental codebases, = or well-isolated components where specification changes won't cascade throu= gh large systems.

Community Events

  • FUN OCaml 2025

    The FUN OCaml conference took place on September 15-16, 2025 in Wars= aw, Poland, featuring talks on practical OCaml development, industry applic= ations, and community projects. The FUN OCaml 2025 program and speaker lineup showcases the diverse ecosys= tem of OCaml in production. Video recordings of all presentations will be a= vailable soon for those who couldn't attend in person.

  • OCaml Workshop 2025

    The OCaml Users and Developers Workshop was held on October 17, 2025= in Singapore, co-located with ICFP/SPLASH, bringing together researchers a= nd practitioners. You can find the list of presentations and a link to the = video recordings on the OCaml Workshop 2025 page on OCaml.org!

    —

    We're pleased to see the successful release of OCaml 5.4.0, marking a signi= ficant milestone with labelled tuples, immutable arrays, and atomic fields.= The establishment of the Security Response Team and the reorganization of = OCaml.org demonstrate the ecosystem's growing maturity.

    The clear separation between stable releases and experimental work helps th= e community make informed decisions about tool adoption. While experimental= features in the Dune Developer Preview, ocaml.nvim, and Gospel ecosystem s= how promising directions, they remain in testing and should not be used in = production.

    As always, we encourage feedback and contributions from the community as we= continue to improve the OCaml Platform ecosystem.

Demonstration of the extension literals and constant rewriting= features

Archive: https://discuss.ocaml= .org/t/demonstration-of-the-extension-literals-and-constant-rewriting-featu= res/17466/1

Mikhail announced

Yo! :yoyo: :waving_hand:=20

I started learning the beautiful ppxlib library and found interesting information in their documen= tation about OCaml's syntax features, such as extension literals - the abil= ity to append a one-letter identifier to numeric literals. I was surprised = at how easy it was to do this.

Because I was inspired by this, I wrote a demonstration project (located in= my GitHub repository) to show how to use it to implement metric system support in code. 

utop # 5m;;=20
- : Metric.Meter.=
t =3D 5

utop # Metric.Meter.(1m + 10m);;
- : Metric.Meter.=
t =3D 11

References:

Old CWN

If you happen to miss a CWN, you can send me a message and I'll mail it to you, or go take a loo= k at the archive or the <= a href=3D"https://alan.petitepomme.net/cwn/cwn.rss">RSS feed of the archive= s.

If you also wish to receive it every week by mail, you may subscribe to the= caml-list.

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